Abstract:
Several air motors are powered by a refrigerant that is pressurized to drive an alternator or generator. The electrical output can be used to propel a vehicle or to drive any type of operating system for land, air or sea based systems. The system uses a dual charging system to move pressurized gas that is then injected into an air motor. The gas is then exhausted and condensed back to a liquid. The liquid is stored until it is needed. It is then heated back into a gas, and fed back into the air motor in a continuous cycle. Several of these systems can be installed and connected to a planetary gear system.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     Not Applicable 
     STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 
     Not Applicable 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention relates to air motor power drive systems and particularly to air motor power drive systems using refrigerant as a medium. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     Alternative power systems have been long sought and developed over the last century. Air motors have been used for decades as a simple way to drive systems. Several different designs have been developed that use refrigerants to operate vehicle air conditioners, for example. 
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The instant invention takes the air motor concept to a new level. In this invention, several air motors are powered by a refrigerant that is pressurized. The air motors are connected to a planetary gear system that connects to an alternator or generator. The output can be used to propel a vehicle or to drive any type of operating system for land, air or sea based systems. The preferred load is an alternator or generator because electricity is needed to power the electric motors used in the system. The alternator or generator can serve this purpose directly. 
     The system uses a dual charging system to move pressurized gas that is then injected into an air motor. The gas is then exhausted and condensed back to a liquid. The liquid is stored until it is needed. It is then heated back into a gas, pressurized and fed back into the air motor in a continuous cycle. 
     Several of these systems can be installed and connected to a planetary gear system. In one embodiment, the motors operate on a fixed speed basis to drive an alternator. The generator or alternator can supply electricity to a load, or it can be used to power electric drive motors to propel a vehicle. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a diagrammatic view of one form of the invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a diagrammatic view of a second embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 3  is a detail view of the gas to liquids condenser unit. 
         FIG. 4  is a detail view of the constant velocity-high volume charger unit. 
         FIG. 5  is a detail view of an evaporator unit. 
         FIG. 6  is a detail view of the flow control ball valve. 
         FIG. 7  is a detail view of the centrifugal charger unit. 
         FIG. 8  is a detail view of a frame with four air motors installed. 
         FIG. 9  is a detail view of a planetary gear system for the four air motor configuration. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Referring now to  FIG. 1 , a diagrammatic view of one form of the invention is shown. In this embodiment 1, an air motor  10  is used to drive an output shaft  11  and accompanying drive gear  12 . In the preferred embodiment, the output shaft can be used to drive alternators or generators to power vehicles on land, air or sea, pumps, boat etc. The preferred load is an alternator or generator because electricity is needed to power the electric motors used in the system. The alternator or generator can serve this purpose directly. 
     The air motor is fed by a unique system that uses refrigerant. The air motor  10  has an intake  13  in which pressurized gas is introduced. This gas passes through the motor, providing energy. The gas exits the motor through the gas exhaust port  14 . It then passes through a gas to liquid condenser  15 , described below. The gas is passed through pipes in a heat exchanger unit  16  that has cooling fins  17  for cooling. The condensed liquid refrigerant then is stored in a reservoir  18 . When the motor needs power, the liquid is passed through an evaporator  19  that has a heating element  20  coiled about a tube (note the leads at the end of the coil that lead to a power supply (see, e.g.,  FIG. 2 ). A heat shield  21  contains the heat within the evaporator. Note that although the heater is shown in a horizontal plane, to operate properly, it must be held in a vertical position, with no more than 30 degrees angle from vertical. 
     The now-evaporated refrigerant gas goes into a centrifugal charger  22 , which is a form of supercharger that is powered by an electric motor  22   a  that moves the pressurized gas into a gas transfer pipe  23 . A ball control valve  24  is positioned in the transfer pipe, as discussed below. It is operated by an electric motor  25 . It operates as a governor, a shut off valve for normal shutdown, and a safety shut off valve for emergency shutdown. 
     The gas then flows in the constant velocity charger  26  that is powered by an electric motor  27  and gears  28 . The constant velocity charger produces a high volume of charged gas through an exhaust port  29  into the air motor intake  13 , where the operating cycle begins again. As the air motor is powered, it operates to turn the load for whatever end purpose is desired. 
       FIG. 2  is a diagrammatic view of a second embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the system described above is expanded by the addition two or more air motors. The outputs of these motors are fed through a planetary gear system to drive an alternator or generator. Here, the components are shown in a slightly different configuration. Note also that in this figure, three air motors  10   a ,  10   b , and  10   c  are shown. Each of the motors has an output shaft  11   a ,  11   b , and  11   c  respectfully, that feed a planetary gear system  30 , discussed below. The gear system has a planetary gear carrier  31  that drives an alternator or generator  32 . 
     Note that the system description for air motor  10   a  is identical to that of the other two motors. The components have not been shown for clarity. However, each of the air motor systems shown in  FIG. 2  has the same component set-up. 
     As before, the system begins at the air motor intake  13   a  in which pressurized gas is introduced. The gas exits the motor through the gas exhaust port  14   a . It then passes through a gas to liquid condenser  15   a . Here, the gas is passed through a heat exchanger unit  16   a  that has cooling fins  17   a  for cooling. In this embodiment, a directed blower  17   b  can also be used to speed the condensing process. 
     The condensed liquid refrigerant then is stored in a reservoir  18   a  as before. When the motor needs power, the liquid is passed through an evaporator  19   a  that has electric wires  20   a  coiled about a tube. The connecting wires of the coil  20   b  are fed to a power source, such as a battery and/or the alternator/generator  20   c.    
     The now-evaporated refrigerant gas goes into a centrifugal charger  22   a , which is a form of supercharger that moves the pressurized gas. It is driven by an electric motor  22   b . It then flows into a gas transfer pipe  23   a  where a flow control valve  24  is positioned. The gas then flows into the constant velocity charger  26   a  that is powered by an electric motor  27   a  and gears  28   a . The gas exists the charger and into the air motor at high volume, where the operating cycle begins again. As noted above, all of the air motors shown have identical equipment installed and each has an identical operating cycle. As the air motors turn, they produce power output to drive the load, as discussed above. 
       FIG. 3  is a detail view of the gas to liquids condenser unit  16 . Note this unit can be any type of condenser, such as a heat exchanger, for example. For the condenser unit shown in the figure, as noted above, the unit must be mounted vertically for the unit to work. As shown in  FIG. 1 , the gas to liquid condenser has two sets of tubes. Each set has an intake port for the gas  30 . Gas flows up in the first pipe  31  and then down the second pipe  32 , where it exits as a partial liquid. This configuration is repeated until liquid refrigerant exits the final tube. The liquid then flows into the reservoir. Surrounding each tube are cooling fins  17 . The fins run between the pipes as well. 
       FIG. 4  is a detail view of the constant velocity-high volume charger unit  22 . Gas from the centrifugal charger enters this unit at the top  40 . The unit has two rotors  41  and  42 , one of which rotates clockwise and the other rotates counterclockwise (see the arrows). This rotation causes the gas to flow around the rotors from the top of the unit to the bottom of the unit. At the bottom if the unit is a chamber  43 , into which the gas collects before it moves out of the exhaust port  44  and into the intake of the air motor. The unit is a displacement pump. 
       FIG. 5  is a detail view of an evaporator unit  19 . As discussed above, this unit has a central tube  50 , through which the liquid enters at the inlet  51 . The tube is wrapped with an electric heat coil  20  as shown, which is supplied by a power source, such as a battery (not shown). The tube and coils are encased by a heat deflector shield  21  that maximizes the efficiency of the unit. As the liquid passes through the unit, it evaporates into a gas, which then exits the unit at the outlet port  54 . 
       FIG. 6  is a detail view of the flow control ball valve  24 . The valve is positioned in a line that transfers gas from the centrifugal charger to the constant velocity charger. Gas enters at line  60  and exits from line  61 . The valve itself has a housing  62 , which contains the ball  63 . The ball has a through hole  64  that permits gas to flow when the through hole is aligned with the through pipes and stops flow when the hole is turned perpendicular to the pipes. The ball is controlled by a control shaft  65 , which attaches to a motor as discussed above. 
       FIG. 7  is a detail view of the centrifugal charger unit  22 . This device is essentially an air ram or supercharger. It has an intake  70  that has a number of fan blades  71  that accelerate the gas as it moves through the unit. The gas is moved around the circular housing  72  until it leaves through the gas outlet  73 . 
       FIG. 8  is a detail view of a frame with four air motors installed. In this figure, a frame  80  is used to support four air motors  10 . The air motors connect to a planetary gear system, as discussed below. The frame is used to support the motors. Note that frames can be designed to hold two or more motors, depending on the output needed and the size of the overall system. 
       FIG. 9  is a detail diagrammatic view of a planetary gear system for the four air motor configuration of  FIG. 8 . Note however, that more motors can be used. Note that the frame is not show. Note also that the gears are shown without teeth for clarity. Of course, the gearing would have standard teeth common to similar gearing systems. The air motors  10  are located at the outer edges of the gear system as shown. In this system, all of the air motors turn clockwise in rotation. Of course, this direction can be reversed if desired. Each air motor has a drive gear  12  that engages the outermost ring gear  90 . As shown, the ring gear  90  rotates counterclockwise. The ring gear engages four planetary gears  91 , each of which rotates the planetary gear carrier. The planetary carrier has a central shaft  93  that connects to the load. 
     The use of the planetary gear system allows the outputs of several motors to be coordinated to operate a central shaft. As discussed above, that shaft can operate an alternator or generator. 
     The use of the air motors being operated by refrigerant provides an economical method of providing power without needing to burn fossil fuels to produce that power. 
     The present disclosure should not be construed in any limited sense other than that limited by the scope of the claims having regard to the teachings herein and the prior art being apparent with the preferred form of the invention disclosed herein and which reveals details of structure of a preferred form necessary for a better understanding of the invention and may be subject to change by skilled persons within the scope of the invention without departing from the concept thereof.