Abstract:
A method for embedding at least one solar structure, including one or more anchoring legs, includes making one or more holes in which the at least one solar structure is to be installed; forming one or more concrete slabs in the hole(s) at one installation rib; after setting of the concrete slab(s), locating the position(s) of the anchoring leg(s) of the at least one solar structure on the concrete slab(s); installing the at least one solar structure in the hole(s), with the anchoring leg(s) bearing on the concrete slab(s) at the position(s) of the anchoring leg(s) that were located beforehand; and embedding the at least one solar structure.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The invention relates to the field of tracking solar panels, i.e. the orientation of which can change as a function of the variation of the sunlight during the day and throughout the year. 
         [0002]    The invention more particularly relates to the embedding in the ground of support structures for solar panels, hereafter called “solar structure.” 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    Commonly, a solar panel according to the state of the art, for example illustrated in  FIG. 2 , comprises a support structure  2  (hereafter called “solar structure”) that makes it possible to support an element (not shown) supporting a panel for processing solar rays (generally made up of a plurality of photovoltaic cells). The processing panel can be mounted stationary. Alternatively, the solar panel  1  also comprises a system for actuating the processing panel of the solar rays making it possible to control the general incline of said processing panel around an axis X relative to the ground. 
         [0004]    That is why it is important for the solar structure  2  to be firmly embedded in the right position so that the control of the general incline of the solar panel is not distorted by poor positioning of the solar structure  2 . 
         [0005]    Known in the state-of-the-art is a method for embedding solar structures that comprises the following steps: 
         [0006]    making holes in the ground so as to embed one or more solar structures therein, 
         [0007]    pouring a layer of concrete so as to produce a concrete slab, embedding fastening and adjusting means for a solar structure therein in a predetermined position, 
         [0008]    after a suitable drying time (for the concrete to set), placing the solar structure on the fastening and adjustment means or on the concrete slab, 
         [0009]    adjusting the spatial positioning of the solar structure using the fastening and adjustment means. 
         [0010]    However, criticisms have been leveled regarding such a method for embedding a solar structure. In fact, concrete having a significant dimensional weight and a rheology making it not very fluid, the pouring step can create destabilization problems of the fastening and adjustment means of the solar structure, which can therefore be moved from the predetermined position. As a result, after the concrete layer has dried, the solar structure embedded in the ground poorly positioned can create incline errors in the control of the solar panel, which creates deteriorations in the output of the solar panel, in particular when the support structure bearing the solar panel is poorly aligned heightwise. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0011]    Thus, one aim of the present invention is to provide a method for embedding a solar structure that is fast and inexpensive, and that makes it possible to avoid any poor placement of the solar structure when the latter is embedded, in particular during the pouring step of the concrete slab. 
         [0012]    To that end, the invention provides a method for embedding at least one solar structure comprising one or more anchoring legs, including the following steps: 
         [0013]    making one or more holes in which the at least one solar structure is to be installed; 
         [0014]    making one or more concrete slabs in the hole(s) at one installation rib; 
         [0015]    after drying the concrete slab(s), locating the position(s) of the anchoring leg(s) of the at least one solar structure on the concrete slab(s); 
         [0016]    installing the at least one solar structure in the hole(s), the anchoring leg(s) bearing on the concrete slab(s) at the position(s) of the anchoring leg(s) that were located beforehand; and 
         [0017]    embedding the at least one solar structure. 
         [0018]    Advantageously, but optionally, the embedding method according to the invention also comprises at least one of the following features: 
         [0019]    Beforehand, the method includes the following step: making one or more stakeouts to determine the installation site. 
         [0020]    the embedding of the at least one solar structure includes a step for pouring concrete in the hole(s). 
         [0021]    the embedding of the at least one solar structure includes a prior step for making a casing around the anchoring leg(s) in the hole(s). 
         [0022]    the production of one or more concrete slab(s) includes a prior step for placing a lattice on shims at the bottom of the hole(s). 
         [0023]    the production of one or more concrete slabs includes the placement of connecting means in the vicinity of the position of the anchoring leg(s). 
         [0024]    the embedding of the at least one solar structure includes a prior step for fastening the anchoring leg(s) using the connecting means. 
         [0025]    before installing the at least one solar structure, the at least one solar structure is assembled on a mounting template. 
         [0026]    the mounting template being installed near the hole(s), the at least one solar structure, once assembled, is moved from the mounting template to the hole(s). 
         [0027]    before installing the at least one solar structure, a maintenance and handling belt ( 10 ) is fastened around the at least one solar structure. 
         [0028]    before or after embedding the at least one solar structure, the maintenance and handling belt is removed. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
         [0029]    Other features and advantages of the invention will appear in the following description of one embodiment of the invention. In the appended drawings: 
           [0030]      FIG. 1  is a three-dimensional view of the solar structure comprising three anchoring legs and installed on a mounting template, a maintenance and handling belt being in place; 
           [0031]      FIG. 2  is a three-dimensional view of the solar structure of  FIG. 1  placed using an embedding method according to the invention; and 
           [0032]      FIG. 3  is a diagram of the embedding method according to the invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0033]    A solar structure  2  intended for a solar panel will be described in reference to  FIG. 1 . The embodiment of the solar structure  2  that will be described is provided only as an illustration, one skilled in the art easily being able to adapt the following to any other type of solar structure that may require a mounting template and be installed using an embedding method according to the invention that will be described later. 
         [0034]    The solar structure  2  here comprises three anchoring legs  5   a,    5   b  and  5   c,  a connecting bar  4 , and two mounting ends  3   a  and  3   b  of a processing panel for solar rays (not shown) that is intended to be able to rotate around an axis of rotation X. The anchoring ends of the anchoring legs  5   a,    5   b  and  5   c  each comprise a through opening  6   a,    6   b,    6   c.    
         [0035]    In order to assemble such a solar structure  2 , a mounting template  20  is provided. This mounting template  20  comprises a tubular polygonal base  25  (here, tubes with a square section) mounted on the legs  28  situated at each apex of the polygonal base. In the case illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the polygonal base is a triangle. In general, the polygonal base comprises as many apices as there are anchoring legs  5   a ,  5   b,    5   c  of the solar structure  2 . Each of the apices receives an anchoring leg end of the solar structure  2  to be assembled. The mounting template comprises a metal bar  25  passing through the polygonal base  25 . Perpendicular to the polygonal base  25 , two posts  22  and  23  rise from the middle bar  25  at the free ends of which a reinforcing bar  21  is fastened, here substantially parallel to the middle bar  24 . Jaws  26  and  27  are provided at each of the ends of the reinforcing bar  21 . These jaws  26  and  27  make it possible to maintain the anchoring legs  5   a,    5   b  and  5   c  for assembly of the solar structure  2 . The jaws  26  and  27  are positioned so as to maintain a relative spatial position between the various anchoring legs of the solar structure  2  to be assembled. An additional jaw  28  is provided to receive the connecting bar  4 . This prevents any tilting of the solar structure  2  during the assembly thereof. 
         [0036]    During the assembly of the solar structure  2 , the anchoring legs  5   a,    5   b  and  5   c  are spatially positioned on the mounting template  20  bearing in the jaws  26  and  27 , the anchoring end of each of the anchoring legs being in position at an apex of the polygonal base  25 . In the case at hand, the anchoring leg  5   c  rests bearing in the jaws  27  so that their ends opposite the anchoring ends are in contact, as illustrated in  FIG. 1 . From there, the two anchoring legs  5   a  and  5   b  are fastened to one another by stapling  7  and/or the installation of a connecting plate  8 . Any other appropriate connecting means may be used to that end. 
         [0037]    Then, the mounting end  3   a  is assembled at the ends of the anchoring legs  5   a  and  5   b  in contact. The mounting end  3   b  is assembled on the end opposite the anchoring end of the anchoring leg  5   c.  The connecting bar  4  connects the two assembly ends  3   a  and  3   b.    
         [0038]    The solar structure  2  is thus assembled. A maintenance and handling belt  10  is positioned around the anchoring legs  5   a,    5   b  and  5   c.  Here, the maintenance and handling belt  10  is fastened at the lower half of the anchoring legs, heightwise, using through pins  11   a ,  11   b  and  11   c . In one alternative embodiment, the maintenance and handling belt is positioned at one third of the height of the anchoring legs. Any other fastening means can be used to fasten said belt  10  to the solar structure  2 . 
         [0039]    In reference to  FIGS. 2 and 3 , an embedding method according to the invention will now be described for embedding the solar structure  2  in the ground. The embedding method according to the invention for embedding the solar structure  2  includes the following steps: 
         [0040]    making (step  100 ) two holes T 1  and T 2  in which the anchoring ends of the anchoring legs  5   a,    5   b  and  5   c  are intended to be embedded. The production of these holes T 1 , T 2  is known from the state of the art and will not be described in more detail. In order to improve the embedding of the solar structures  2 , it is provided to form a welded lattice  40  placed on shims  41  at the bottom of the holes T 1 , T 2 . 
         [0041]    making (step  110 ) one or more stakeouts for positioning one installation rib in each hole T 1  and T 2 , as well as positioning the anchoring ends of the solar structure  2 . More specifically, the aim is to determine the thickness of a concrete slab  30  to be poured, on the one hand, and on the other hand, the positioning of the connecting means  50  of said solar structure  2 . 
         [0042]    placing (step  120 ) connecting means  50  in the vicinity of the position of the anchoring ends of the solar structure  2 . These connecting means  50  here are concrete reinforcing bars deformed so as to have a U-shaped loop firmly secured to the lattice  30 , an apex of the U-shaped loop being positioned above the installation rib. 
         [0043]    pouring (step  130 ) the concrete slab  30  in each of the holes T 1  and T 2  of the installation rib. 
         [0044]    on the mounting template  20 , assembling (step  140 ) the solar structure  2  as previously described. The template is preferably installed near the holes T 1  and T 2 . once the concrete slab(s) have dried (the concrete has set), identifying (step  150 ) the exact position of the anchoring legs of the solar structure  2  on the concrete slab(s). moving (step  160 ) the connecting structure from the mounting template to the holes T 1  and T 2  and installing said solar structure  2  on said concrete slab(s), the anchoring end of each of the anchoring legs  5   a,    5   b  and  5   c  of the solar structure  2  bearing on the concrete slab(s) at its respective position previously identified. 
         [0045]    fastening (step  170 ) the anchoring legs to the connecting means  50 . This fastening is done using concrete reinforcing bars positioned through the through openings  6   a,    6   b  and  6   c  and then firmly connected to the connecting means, here at the apices of the U-shaped loops emerging from the concrete slab(s). The maintenance and handling belt  10  is removed from the solar structure  2 . 
         [0046]    embedding (step  180 ) the solar structure  2  by pouring an additional concrete layer  70 . The casing can be formed around each anchoring leg so as to reduce the amount of concrete used to produce the additional layer  70 . Once the additional layer of concrete has dried (the concrete has set), each hole T 1 , T 2  is filled in with backfill  80 . 
         [0047]    In one alternative embodiment, a fibrous concrete can be used for pouring in order to improve the embedding and/or strength of the concrete slab(s)  30 . In the latter case, the lattice  40  can be omitted. 
         [0048]    With such a method, it is possible to control the positioning of the solar structures  2  (±25 mm) during the step for pouring the concrete layer, thereby making it possible not to distort the control of the incline of the solar panels installed on said solar structures, in particular by guaranteeing the positioning of the solar structure. Furthermore, during such an embedding method according to the invention, the tools can be reusable right away without having to wait for the concrete to set. In this way, the mounting template  20  and the maintenance and handling belt  20  are reusable right away to assemble a new solar structure.