Abstract:
The invention relates generally to a roofing shingle apparatus and more particularly to an improved such apparatus for high speed shingle making generally when handling a double shingle line (one line overlaid on the other with the high side of each line on opposite sides to make a single mostly even thickness) in a more compact arrangement from the cutter to the stackers and catchers, but not limited to a slower single line of shingle making that uses a flipper at the discharge of the catcher shuttle and not limited to a four wide overlaid to four thicknesses of shingles in one line and scissor cut, not described in detail herein, before entering a single line delivery belt section. The main purpose of this invention is to have control of the shingles coming off the cutter at a speed of up to two times the line speed of present machines, accelerate the shingle pack in a positive controlled manner for exact separation and without slowing down prior to the catchers, distribute the shingle packs to any one of four catchers for controlled stopping and feed the packs into respective stackers for distribution to the packaging machines.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001]    Roofing shingles are formed continuously on an assembly line and need to be cut and stacked in bundles to be packaged and shipped for sale and use. One such stacking apparatus is shown at U.S. Pat. No. 4,124,128 wherein the shingles are passed along a top of a conveyor having a rise in the center thereof and then passed through a star wheel mechanism that flips every other shingle piece to provide a stack of shingles that is rectangular in structure. Since the time of this patent, shingles are now made double wide and split, then positioned in a vertical pair with a thin edge and thick edge of adjacent shingles juxtaposed for stacking rectangular polygon shape. 
         [0002]    U.S. Pat. No. 6,390,766 discloses a shingle bundle palletizer with several conveyors. While some prior patents have allegedly disclosed conveyors that operate up to 900 feet per minute, it is typical that present day roofing machine conveyors operate at about 600 feet per minute. At 600 feet per minute, about 3.33 shingles per second for a 36 inch shingle or 300 milliseconds per shingle, are entering into an apparatus that feeds a pair of so-called catchers. The catchers receive, slow down and stop each shingle and position same, either in a stack, or provide for the depositing of each shingle vertically into a stack of such shingles. 
         [0003]    Further, present day roofing machines can have a front end which is as much as 70 feet in length from the center of the cutter to the last of the catchers of a double width delivery belt machine. 
         [0004]    A need has arisen, not only to increase the possible line speed and shingle construction rate in such machines, such as feeding four stackers from one line and providing a line speed of up to 1,200 feet per minute, but also to do so with a shorter length machine than heretofore known, such as an assembly of just 20 feet in length from the cutter to the last catcher stacker. Thus, not only would the production rate from such roofing machines be increased, but the building space necessary to house such machines may also be made smaller, or such added space used for other purposes. 
         [0005]    A need has also developed to provide such a roofing machine catcher stacker that has fewer delivery belt motors, servo driven diverters and drives while providing a faster catcher stacker than heretofore known in the industry. 
         [0006]    It is therefore an object of the present invention, generally stated, to provide a new and improved high speed roof shingle making machine catcher stacker having a controlled shingle separation from the cutter portion of such shingle making machinery. 
         [0007]    Another object of the present invention is the provision of a roofing shingle machine which has line speeds of up to about 1,200 feet per minute (1,800 feet per minute into the catcher). 
         [0008]    Another provision of the present invention is providing a roofing shingle machine catcher stacker that fits within a distance of about 20 feet from the shingle cutter to the last catcher stacker. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0009]    The invention is directed to an assembly for transporting roofing shingles between their production and their packaging. The assembly comprises an accelerator section including a plurality of lower belts for driving the shingles from a shingle cutter to a stacker area. A plurality of upper belts are positioned above the lower belts for holding down the shingles on the lower belts in air of shingle travel therealong. A pair of vertically oriented pinch rolls are positioned downstream of initial pulleys for the upper belts. The said lower belts are provided for accelerating the speed of the shingles passing through the assembly. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
         [0010]    The features of the present invention which are believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention may best be understood from the following detailed description of a currently preferred embodiment thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein like numerals refer to like parts, and in which: 
           [0011]      FIG. 1  is a side elevational view of the delivery assembly constructed in accordance with the present invention; 
           [0012]      FIG. 2  is a blown up view of the acceleration rollers, 
           [0013]      FIG. 3  is a section through the belts showing the edge of the shingle and a partial view of the pulleys, 
           [0014]      FIG. 4  is a top plan view of the delivery assembly shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0015]      FIG. 5  is a fragmentary section detail view of a diverter shown in its lowered position, 
           [0016]      FIG. 6  is a side elevational view of a high speed main shuttle stacker as it continues from the diverter shown in  FIGS. 1-5 ; 
           [0017]      FIG. 7  is a top plan view of the main shuttle stacker shown in  FIG. 6 ; 
           [0018]      FIG. 8  is an end elevational view of the main shuttle stacker shown in  FIGS. 6-7   
           [0019]      FIG. 9  is an orthographic view of the delivery and main shuttle stacker, 
           [0020]      FIG. 10  is a blown up orthographic view of the main part of the delivery belt section. 
           [0021]      FIG. 11  is a blown up orthographic section of the main part of the shuttle section. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
       [0022]    Referring to  FIG. 1 , a continuously made pair of double shingles (not shown) one on top of the other with their thick and thin sides reversed, passes over a cutter wheel  1  and, depending upon the diameter of the wheel, and depending on the diameter of the wheel, which has one, two or three cutters to cut shingles in lengths that may vary in this preferred embodiment between 36 and 41 inches. Thereafter, if the shingles pass quality control requirements prior to the cutter, they proceed into a series of acceleration belts  2 ,  5 . If the shingles do not pass quality control standards, a lever mechanism rotate a scrap eject  3  upwardly and sends the pair of shingles  4  downwardly to a rejection receiving area  23 . As the shingles come off the cutter and pass the scrap eject  3 , they pass over the first of a pair of pinch rollers  6  where they maintain the same speed as coming off the cutter and then enter the acceleration rollers  7  and thereafter enter the first upper pulley  8  and the lower clamp roller  9 . 
         [0023]    Thereafter, it passes over bend pulley  11  in between a series of upper pulley assemblies  10  and lower pressure roller assemblies  21 . The lower belts  12  maintain the path for each shingle passing there through. The upper belts  13  at position  22  are hold down belts  13  which maintain the shingles on the lower belts  12  at position  22  at the same line speed. Shingle spacing is determined after the shingle passes the pinch rollers  6  and reaches the acceleration rolls  7 . The pinch rollers, driven by the take off belts  14  travel at essentially the same speed as the shingles coming off the cutter  1  but just a little bit faster to assure that the pinch roller&#39;s  6  pull on the shingle  4  sufficiently to separate the shingle cut but not provide a significant separation between the shingle still on the cutoff cylinder  1  and the shingle  4  traveling through the pinch rolls  6 . While the shingle  4  is still contacting the pinch rollers  6 , it reaches the acceleration rollers  7  and the belts  2  and at this point of contact, that portion or the belts  2  instantly takes on the speed of the shingle  4  and stretches the belts  2  like a rubber band between the acceleration rollers  7  and lower clamp roller  9  bearing against the upper pulleys  8 . This stretches the belt and within about 1 inch brings the shingle up to the new speed such that the spacing of this shingle  4  and the next shingle  4  reaching the acceleration rollers  7  provide a predetermined spatial distance (about 20 inches) between horizontally adjacent shingles  4  as they approach the catcher stacker mechanism. 
         [0024]    As shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,124,128, the shingle conveyor system described therein has one set of belts to move the shingles into a catcher-stacker apparatus. Side guides maintain the individual shingles in proper orientation as they proceed to the stacker. In the apparatus, the upper pulley belts  13  at point  22  counteract the centrifugal force of the shingle movement as it is directed downward around the bend pulley  11  toward the catcher stacker mechanism. 
         [0025]    Referring in more detail to  FIGS. 1 ,  4  and  9 , the acceleration pulley belt system includes three sets of pulley combinations having multiple polyurethane belts stretched there between. The first series of belts  14  adjacently downstream of the cutter wheel operate horizontally between two sets of pulleys  18  and pulley  17  and comprise, in the preferred embodiment, four evenly spaced apart polyurethane belts  14 . The down stream pulley  17  is the drive for this set of belts  14 . 
         [0026]    The first set of pinch rolls  6  is positioned between the two pulleys  18  and  17  making up this first set of pulleys. This first set holds the shingle  4  onto the moving belts  14  at essentially the same speed as the cutter wheel  1  and leads the shingle into the next set of acceleration rollers  7  which is located between the upstream pulley  19  and middle pulleys  11  of a bottom set of five belts  5  and a top acceleration rollers  7  clamping the five upper belts  2  with the upper acceleration rollers  7  directly above the lower roller and between the upper tail pulley  20  and the hold down pulleys  8 . The lower  5  and upper  2  sets of belts between the acceleration rollers  7  and clamp roller  9  act as rubber bands to accelerate the shingle when it leaves the pinch rollers  6  and accelerates through the acceleration rollers to provide shingle spacing. 
         [0027]    This rubber band section between the acceleration rollers  7  and clamp roller  9  against the pulleys  8  provides the force to accelerate the shingle  4  to a higher speed in about 1 inch of travel. The gap increases between the higher speed shingle and lower speed shingle until the slower speed shingle anagoges the acceleration rollers  7 . At that time the tail end of the first high speed shingle is at or past the third pressure roller  9  position and the rubber band action again accelerates the next shingle. 
         [0028]    The bottom set of pulleys  19 ,  11 ,  16  and belts  2  comprise in this embodiment, a three pulley wheel set, not in a straight horizontal line, but with the middle pulley  11  slightly elevated horizontally from the starter or upstream tail pulley  19  and with the down stream drive pulley  16  set at an acute angle below the horizontal from a line joining the axes of the downstream and central pulley  11 . 
         [0029]    The plurality of polyurethane belts  5  in the lower set of pulleys  19  to  11  are five in number and evenly spaced apart such that the four polyurethane belts of the first set of pulleys  18 ,  17  and belt  14  combinations fit within the spaces between those five belts of the lower pulleys  19 ,  11 . The upper set of hold down belts  2  and  13  are oriented with three pulleys  20 ,  8 ,  10  with the downstream pulley  10  being slightly lowered from the generally horizontal front drive and middle pulley  8 . The initial upstream hold down pulley  8  is positioned above the clamp roller  9  to form the basis of stretching the belts between to the acceleration rollers  7 . The upper belts  2  and  13  are driven by pulley  10  which is driven by a connecting drive belt or gear drive not shown from the motor driven pulley  16  which powers the lower belts  12  and  2  at the appropriate higher speed than the drive on pulley  17  that drives belts  14  such that the speed difference obtains a 20 inch spacing between shingles. 
         [0030]    The middle upper pulley  8  and lower pulley  11  having grooves for nine total belts. The upper pulley  8  drives five belts through the upper acceleration roller  7  and the tail pulley  20  and bear directly above the five belts through of the lower acceleration roller  7  to the lower tail pulley  19 . Upper pulley  8  is driven by four upper belts  13  that fit between the five belts  2  on the upper pulley  8  and driven by the pulley  10 . Likewise the lower pulley  11  is driven by four lower belts  12  that fit between the five belts  2  on the lower pulley  11  and driven by pulley  16 . 
         [0031]    Referring to more detail to  FIG. 2  shows a blow up of the acceleration roll  7  which consists of a low friction low inertia bearing  24  encompassing the heavier body  25  of the pressure roll assembly  7 . This allows the pressure rolls  7  to apply a significant pressure to the shingle through the belts  2  such that the shingle  4  enters the nip between the belts  2  and  5  traveling at a higher speed than the lower speed of the shingle  4  coming off the cutter so when the molecules of the polyurethane belts  4  directly come into contact with the shingle  4  take on the lower speed while the bearing  24  having almost no inertia surrounding the roll  25  almost immediately assumes the slower speed of the shingle  4  and any tendency for the bearing  24  to rotate at a higher speed results in slippage of the bearing relative to the belts  4  and the roll  25  thus the pressure on that portion of the belt  14  will take on the slower speed of the shingle  4  and stretch the belt  14  between the acceleration roll  7  and the higher speed clamp roll  9 . 
         [0032]    One of the purposes of this invention is to minimize wear on the belts by avoiding slippage between the belts and shingle during the entire transportation of the shingle to the catchers. When the shingle is cut, it does not always continue its motion and if it hangs up for an instance during the cut, this is prevented by use of pinch rollers  6  that maintain a grip between the shingle  4  and belts  14  during the cut to make sure that the shingle maintains its motion during cutoff without any slippage on the belts  14 . These pinch rollers  6  are adjustable to allow about one shingle length between the pinch rollers  6  and acceleration rollers  7 . 
         [0033]    The remaining belts  2 ,  12 ,  13  run at a speed greater than the first belts  14  so the shingles  4  are spaced at a  60  inch pitch, about 20 inches between shingles that are between 39 to 41 inches in length. In order to minimize slippage between the belts  14  and belts  2  and shingle  4 , the tail pulleys  19  and  20  of the higher speed belts  2  are offset from the horizontal line of the shingle path of the slower speed belts  14  and reach the shingle path at the acceleration rollers  7 . The shingle  4  traveling at the slower speed enters the acceleration rollers  7  at about the same time as it exits the pinch rollers  6 . For this reason position of the pinch rollers  6  are adjustable to maintain about one shingle length between the pinch rollers  6  and acceleration rollers  7 . This allows the machine can accommodate shingle lengths between 36 and 41 inches. 
         [0034]    As the shingle enters the acceleration rollers  7 , the mass of the belts  2  at an infinitely small pinch point instantly takes on the velocity of the slower speed shingle  4  while the rest of the high speed belts 12 inches downstream maintains the higher speed, thus stretching the belts over 12 inches in order to develop enough force to accelerate the shingle  4  to the higher speed in about 1 inch. The mass of the acceleration rollers  7  does not enter into the equation as these rollers  7  only apply a force and do not change speed because the outer ring of the rollers are made from a material with a low static coefficient of friction such as a form of Teflon. To accelerate a 9 pound shingle  4  from 240 in/sec to 360 in/sec with about 180 pounds of force will reach the new full speed in one inch of travel. In order to accommodate losing an inch during acceleration the 60 inch pitch (about 20 inches of space between shingles) can be kept by slightly increasing the belt speed and or increasing the distance between the pinch rollers and acceleration rollers (a little over one shingle length of 40 inches in this case). 
         [0035]    Now the higher speed shingle  4  is traveling at about 1,800 fpm (360 in/sec) and is confined by the upper hold down belts  13  as it curves down to the diverter  26  which directs the shingle  4  to either the upper  27  or lower  28  shuttle sections referenced on  FIG. 4 . Sensors  29  (not shown) near the upstream shuttle detect the forward edge of the shingle to activate the diverter and check the register of the shingle  4  to the shuttle package  30  consisting of everything moving. 
         [0036]    As shown most clearly in  FIGS. 1 and 4 , downstream adjacent the rearmost drive pulley  16  is a pivotal diverter guide  26  which, when in its up position, sends a shingle to a top pair of catcher  27  stackers  31  and  32  and when in its lower position sends the shingle to a bottom pair of catcher  28  stackers  33  and  34 . The bottom pair of catcher stackers are shown in  FIGS. 6-8 . 
         [0037]    Referring to  FIGS. 6 ,  7  and  8 , a catcher stacker mechanism includes a reciprocating scotch yoke or slide-crank mechanism shuttle drive  35 , not shown, that reciprocates from side to side adjacent to the single upper  37 , lower  36  guide chutes and a diverter  26  mechanism that moves shingles between an upper shuttle  37  and a lower shuttle  36 . When the mechanism is reciprocated in one direction, the shingles are positioned on the moving left hand side of the center push bars  38 , and when reciprocated in the other direction, are positioned with each shingle on the right hand side of the center push bars  38 , thus providing for two shingle pathways for the upper shuttle  27  and two for the lower shuttle  28 . 
         [0038]    The diverter  26  diverts the shingle  4  either through the upper guide chute  29  to the upper shuttle  27  or through the lower guide chute  36  to the lower shuttle  28  sequentially. The lower shuttle  28  is one pitch length downstream from the upper shuttle  27 . The angle of the downstream set of upper  13  and lower  12  belts direct the shingle onto the lower shuttle  28  through the chute  36  in a straight line. The diverter  26  moves quickly upward after the tail end of the shingle  4  passes the tip of the front end of the diverter  26 . The diverter  26  is accelerated to its upper position by both a compressed spring  39  and the servo motor  40 , both not shown. The spring  39  initiates the movement upward as there is some electronic delay in the action of the servo motor  40  which when full power is achieved continues the motion to the upward position. The spring  39  provides faster upward motion and causes slower downwards motion. With the diverter  26  in its up position, the downward action can begin when the shingle  4  is about one third to one half past the downstream tip of the diverter  26  into the upper shuttle  27 . The diverter  26  can start its downward movement without affecting completion of the shingle&#39;s travel over the diverter  26 . The diverter motor is the only motor in the assembly that is servo driven with preferably a 2000-13 hp motor. 
         [0039]    The upper  27  and lower  28  shuttles act in unison as one body  30  driven by one large variable speed motor drive  35  synchronized as a function of the line speed to establish a shingle gap. The upper shuttle  27  is shown just downstream from the guide chute  29  which again is just downstream from the diverter guides  26 . With the diverter guides  26  in the down position, a single shingle  4  moves down the guide chute  36  at high speed as the reciprocating shuttle assembly  30  reciprocates right and left. The shingle passes either to the left of the center push bars  38  or to the right of the center pushes bars  38 . 
         [0040]    Referring again to  FIGS. 6 ,  7 ,  8  and  9 , the lower shuttle  28  operates in the same manner as the upper shuttle  27  and reciprocates sideways as one shuttle assembly  30  to receive individual cut shingles  4  when the diverter guide  26  is in its lowered position. The shingle then moves down the lower portion of the guide chute  36  and either to the left of the center push bar  38  in the lower shuttle  28 , or to the right of the center push bar  38  into the lower shuttle  28 . As the lower shuttle reciprocates, the comb assemblies  42  lower on either side of the center push bars  38  strip the shingle off the shuttle  28  at the end of its reciprocating stroke and drop same onto the adjacent one of the stacker squaring belts  34 . 
         [0041]    The shuttle assembly  30  is driven by a scotch yoke or slide crank mechanism  35  driven by a variable speed motor (about 25 hp) synchronized with the speed of the delivery belts. The drive mechanism  35  moves the shuttle back and fort in a sinusoidal motion over a 20″ stroke for a 13¼ inch wide shingle. The motion is timed so the center push bars  38  clear the front of the shingle  4  as it enters the either shuttle and reverses direction after the shuttle mechanism  35  comes to the end of the stroke. The mechanism  35  slows lateral shuttle movement at the ends of the stroke. The rear of the shingle  4  is completely in the either shuttle before the push bar  38  closes off the opening to the guide chute  29  or  36 . 
         [0042]    In the shuttle, the leading edge of the shingle first contacts the low mass impact bar  39  backed up by urethane springs  40  bearing against a rear support spring bar  45  that is designed so the combined momentum with the shingle  4  act as a single unit momentum traveling at a slower speed a short distance when contacting the high duty cycle shock absorbers  4  which absorbs over 90 percent of the energy when bringing the shingle to a stop. Behind the impact bar  39 , the rear support spring bar  45  is a low spring rate spring  44  that smoothly returns the shingle  4 , impact bar  39 , urethane springs  40  and the rear support spring bar  45  to the starting position as the shock absorber  41  returns along with it. These shock absorbers and springs can be replaced with electronically controlled thrusters to provide the same action in a shorter distance. 
         [0043]    As the shingle  4  has returned to its original linear entering position, the shuttle assembly  30  is nearing the end of the stroke whereupon the shingle  4  drops to the stacking conveyor  31 ,  32 ,  33  or  34  which then squares each shingle against a squaring bar  46  by the belt and the squaring bar  47  by a cylinder. After the appropriate number of shingles is loaded to each squaring conveyor, the squaring conveyor discharges the stack of shingles to a conveyor which takes the stack over to the packaging area. 
         [0044]    Referring to  FIGS. 6 ,  7  and  8  in more detail, the catcher stacker arrangement as shown has four catcher arrangement, two upper  31  and  32 , not shown, and two lower  33  and  34 . The two lower catchers  33  and  34  are shown in  FIG. 8 . In this embodiment, the stacker alignment belt shown is that in connection with the lower pair of catchers  33  and  34 . A second such stacker alignment belts are also used in connection with the upper pair of shuttles and catchers, but are not shown herein to prove a less complex drawing and disclosure. 
         [0045]    Thus, a new and improved roofing shingle machine catcher stacker assembly which controls the shingle separation from the cutter has been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many changes and modifications may be made without departing from the true spirit and scope of the present invention. It is the intent of the appended claims to cover all such changes and modifications which fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.