Abstract:
A gaming system for implementing coinless gaming environment having a central processing system interconnected to a plurality of gaming machines and a plurality of change machines. The central processing system includes a processor and a memory having a plurality of memory locations for storing data. Each memory location is identified by a unique address in memory. In communication with the central processing system are a plurality of gaming machines having an input for accepting encoded media and an input for accepting standard paper currency. The gaming machines also contain an output including a bar code printer for encoding and distributing gaming coupons to a player. The central processing is also in communication with one or more change machines having an input for accepting gaming coupons, an input for accepting paper currency and an output for generating and dispensing encoded gaming coupons and an output for dispensing value either in the form of paper currency and/or coins. By interspersing gaming machines and change machines in a gaming establishment, the gaming establishment can eliminate the use of coins or tokens.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0002]    The present invention is generally directed to coinless gaming environment, and more particularly, to coinless gaming environment utilizing bar coded gaming coupons.  
           [0003]    2. Description of the Related Art  
           [0004]    Centralized gaming systems having a plurality of gaming machines connected to a central processing system are well known in the prior art. Typically, these prior art systems include one or more processors managing wagering and credit data for a variety of gaming machines such as slot machines, pinball machines, and video gaming machines. Most prior art gaming machines include a currency acceptor in which a player can insert paper currency, coins or special tokens distributed by the gaming establishment. Upon the insertion of any of these types of currencies, the gaming machine will validate the amount of currency entered into the machine and will grant the player access to the game stored on the gaming machine.  
           [0005]    The prior art also discloses gaming systems in which either a central system or an individual gaming machine maintains a credit balance for the gaming machine such that a player can insert an amount of currency more than is required to play a single game and can successively play until the amount entered is depleted. Additionally, the prior art gaming systems also allow a player to accumulate winnings in the credit balance to be used for future plays. Although a player can receive his or her winnings at any time, players typically use their winnings to fund successive plays.  
           [0006]    Many of the prior art gaming systems utilize coins or tokens to distribute winnings from play of the games. Upon user initiation of a “cash out,” the gaming machine distributes the currency in an amount equal to the value of credit accumulated by the player. In some instances, the amount of currency stored in the machine may be insufficient to cover the player&#39;s winnings and an attendant must be summoned either to distribute winnings or issue a credit voucher.  
           [0007]    The use of coins or tokens in gaming establishments present significant problems to gaming machine players. Because of their physical dimensions, coins are bulky and difficult to transport. Players often are required to carry large containers to transport their winnings from the gaming machines. This type of winnings places burdens on the player in the form of having to carry a typically heavy object over the course of a period of play and to maintain careful watch over the container so as not to lose the winnings. Additionally, the player is exposed to a greater security risk in that an unscrupulous individual can easily ascertain which players have been successful at the gaming machines. Finally, coins or tokens, by the general nature, may be dirty as they are handled by a great number of people throughout a short period of time.  
           [0008]    The use of coins or tokens in gaming establishments also present significant problems to the providers of the gaming machines. Gaming machines must be configured to accommodate a sufficient reserve of coins or tokens to provide for a majority of the payoffs to a player. Additionally, in some situations, the gaming machine provider must empty the coins when the machine gets too full. Furthermore, because coins or tokens of different values are typically of different dimensions, each gaming machine must have different inputs to accommodate each value of coin or distinguishing means to accept the variety of dimension coins. Accordingly, because multiple inputs are costly and impractical, some prior art gaming machines limit the denomination of coins which they will accept. Thus, a player wishing to wager a different denomination coin would have to cash out and play another machine. Finally, in terms of the accounting, the gaming machine providers must maintain an inventory of coins or tokens to accommodate player need and must implement additional machinery and personnel to count the coin.  
           [0009]    Some of the prior art systems have implemented a system in which game coupons are incorporated into the gaming system. One such system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,290,033 to Bittner. The Bittner patent is directed primarily to a gaming machine which dispenses pull-tab game coupons in which the player lifts the tab to determine whether the play is successful. On winning pull-tab game coupons, the value of the amount of winnings is encoded on the coupon to be read by a gaming machine or by a cashier.  
           [0010]    The system disclosed in the Bittner patent, and other similar prior art systems, focuses primarily on the value credit won by the player being encoded on the face of the coupon. As such, the central processor in these prior art systems does not participate in dictating the amount of credit represented by each coupon. As mentioned in the Bittner disclosure, encoding the value of credit on the ticket poses significant security risks. The prior art systems address these security concerns by augmenting the system with a secondary encoded random number on the coupon. This secondary random number is referenced to a list in memory which dictates whether the ticket has been cashed in and possibly to verify that the value encoded on the coupon matches a comparison value in memory. Because the prior art system requires both value and security number data, the size of coupon must be sufficiently large to adequately accommodate both numbers or the size of the numbers must be reduced to fit within the area of the gaming coupon. Thus, these system are deficient in effectively providing the most security to the gaming coupon.  
           [0011]    Other prior art systems attempt to eliminate the use of coins by the incorporation of magnetic stripe cards or smart cards such as debit or credit cards. Typically, the prior art systems require a user to obtain the card prior to gaming. Because of its inconvenience and because some customers do not feel comfortable providing to a gaming establishment the information necessary to get a card, most of these type of prior art systems only offer the magnetic stripe reader as a feature for some players and most still retain the coin/currency system of the prior art. Thus, these systems have failed to implement a completely coinless gaming environment.  
           [0012]    Because of the inconveniences posed to players and gaming establishment in maintaining a coin-based system and because of the problems associated with a value encoded gaming coupon, there is a need for coinless gaming environment incorporating solely an encoded identifier on the gaming media.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0013]    Based on the above-noted deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a coinless gaming environment utilizing solely a unique identifier encoded on a gaming media.  
           [0014]    This and other objects of the present invention are implemented in a gaming system for implementing coinless gaming environment having a central processing system interconnected to a plurality of gaming machines and a plurality of change machines. The central processing system includes a processor and a memory having a plurality of memory locations for storing data. Each memory location is identified by a unique address in memory. In communication with the central processing system are a plurality of gaming machines. Each gaming machine contains an input for accepting encoded media, which preferably is a gaming coupon, and an optional input for accepting standard paper currency. The gaming machines also contain an output including a bar code printer for encoded and distributing gaming coupons to a player. Finally, the gaming machines include a gaming credit display that allows a player to monitor the status of the amount of credit he or she has won.  
           [0015]    The central processing system is also in communication with one or more (or none) change machines. Similar to the gaming machines, the change machines include an input for accepting the gaming coupons, an input for accepting paper currency and an output for generating and dispensing encoded gaming coupons. The change machines also include an output for dispensing value either in the form of paper currency and/or coins.  
           [0016]    The system of the present invention is implemented by the central processing system in communication with the gaming machines and the change machines disbursed throughout the gaming environment. To initiate a play, a player can first approach the change machine and insert an appropriate amount of paper currency into the input of the change machine. The change machine reads the value represented by the inserted paper currency and stores the value in a memory location in the central processing system memory. The change machine then generates an encoded gaming coupon having a unique identifier with the address of the memory location in a bar code format on the coupon.  
           [0017]    Having been issued a gaming coupon, the player is free to use the gaming coupons to initiate one or more games in a gaming machine. To initiate a play, the player inserts the gaming coupon into the input of a gaming machine. The gaming machine accepts the coupon and reads the unique identifier encoded on the coupon. The central memory then accesses the memory location associated with the identifier and credits an individual gaming machine credit balance with the particular gaming machine an amount equal to the credit value stored in memory. As the player continues to game, the gaming machine credit balance is incremented or decremented. If the player wishes to stop playing that particular gaming machine, the gaming machine generates an encoded gaming coupon by storing the value of the gaming machine credit balance into a different central memory location and generating a gaming coupon with a new unique identifier in bar code format associated with the memory location.  
           [0018]    In the event that the player has not exchanged currency for gaming coupons prior to approaching the gaming machines, the present invention also discloses a gaming machine with a paper currency reader which accepts and reads currency and which provides the value of the currency in the individual gaming machine credit balance.  
           [0019]    Once the player wishes to receive the cash value encoded in memory, the player can approach any change machine or cashiers station. Similar to initiating a play in a gaming machine, the player inserts the gaming coupon in the change machine input and the unique identifier is read. The appropriate memory location corresponding to the unique identifier is queried and the resulting value stored in memory is dispensed by the change machine.  
           [0020]    The system of the present invention implements a coinless gaming environment in which a player is not required to carry bulky coins or tokens. By having a unique identifier encoded on the ticket, the central system can process data quicker and provide security for the system. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0021]    The objects and features of the invention noted above are explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, in which like reference numerals denote like elements, and in which:  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 1A is block diagram of the coinless gaming system of the present invention;  
         [0023]    [0023]FIG. 1B is block diagram of the coinless gaming system of the present invention;  
         [0024]    [0024]FIG. 2 is representative of a gaming machine implemented in the coinless gaming system of the present invention;  
         [0025]    [0025]FIG. 3 is representative of a change machine implemented in the coinless gaming system of the present invention;  
         [0026]    [0026]FIG. 4 is representative of an encoded gaming coupon of the present invention;  
         [0027]    [0027]FIG. 5 is representative of a memory array utilized by the coinless gaming system of the present invention;  
         [0028]    [0028]FIG. 6 is flow diagram of the input processes utilized by the gaming machine of the present invention; and  
         [0029]    [0029]FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of the input process utilized by the change machine of the present invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
       [0030]    The present invention relates to a method and device for implementing a coinless gaming environment which eliminates the need for any coins or tokens in a gaming establishment.  
         [0031]    [0031]FIGS. 1A and 1B denote block diagrams of the coinless gaming system of the present invention, designated generally by the reference numeral  10 . The gaming system  10  preferably includes a central processing system  12  which is in communication with a plurality of gaming machines  14 ,  16  and one or more change machines  30 ,  32 . The central processing system  12  preferably includes a central memory  13  having a plurality of memory locations identifiable by their address and a processor for communication with various machines along the system. In the preferred embodiment, central memory  13  is a non-volatile memory source. As would be understood by someone skilled in the relevant art, several types of memory would be considered within the scope of the present invention. Processor  15  is preferably a stand alone computer system whose processing and communications capabilities vary with the size and demands of the gaming system  10 .  
         [0032]    In communication with central processing system  12  are a plurality of gaming machines  14 ,  16 . The present invention discloses two embodiments of gaming machines, who share identical functions, and are only different with respect to a structural variation. In the first embodiment, gaming machine  14  includes gaming machine processor  18 , credit display  20 , combined bar code reader/currency reader  22 , and bar code printer  24 . Gaming machine processor  18  can include a variety of processors necessary to establish communication with central processing system  12  and to carry out the functions of the particular games. Credit display  20  is a standard display unit for electronically displaying a number representative of the amount of credit a player has accumulated. Combined bar code reader/currency reader  22  is a single unitary unit which can accept and read either an encoded media or paper currency. One such reader is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,290,033 to Harold Bittner and is incorporated herein by reference. Finally, bar code printer  24  is a printing unit for generating data and symbols of a variety of media, preferably a paper stock. Such units are commonly known throughout the relevant art. As would be understood, bar code printer  24  would vary with the type of printing media (i.e., paper stock, laminate) and with the printing method (i.e., text, magnetic).  
         [0033]    In an alternative embodiment, gaming machine  16  includes the gaming machine processor  18 , the credit display  20  and the bar code printer  24 . However, the gaming machine  16  does not include a combined bar code reader/currency reader  22 , but incorporates a separate bar code reader  26  and currency reader  28 . Although structurally different, the function of gaming machine  14  and gaming machine  16  does not vary. As a third embodiment, gaming machine  16  may also be limited solely to a bar code reader  26  as an input. Finally, gaming machine  16  may also include partially or wholly preprinted coupons in lieu of, or in combination with, bar code printer  24 .  
         [0034]    [0034]FIG. 2 is representative of a preferred gaming machine  14 . In this embodiment, gaming machine  14  includes a video screen  40 , display  20 , input  44 , buttons  46 ,  48  and output  50 . Preferably, the gaming machine  14  is a video gaming machine or a mechanical reel gaming machine. As would be understood, any variety of gaming machines could be utilized with the present invention, including but not limited to slot machines, poker machines, keno machines, instant lottery machines, lottery machines and any other type of gaming machine. Video screen  40  is typically understood in the general art to generate the game to be implemented by the gaming machine  14 . Display  20  electronically represented a numeral reflecting an amount of credit accounted to the player playing the game. Input  44  coincides with combined bar code reader/currency reader  22  by offering a single opening for a player to insert a variety of payment means. Gaming machine  14  can include a variety of buttons  46 ,  48 . Preferably, there is a cash out button  46  and a pay with credit  48  on gaming machine  14 . As would be understood, any touch screen display eliminating the need for buttons would be considered within the scope of the present invention. Output  50  coincides with bar code printer  24  to allow a printed media to exit the gaming machine.  
         [0035]    As would be understood, gaming machine  16  (not pictured) would have similar structures for the video screen  40 , display  20 , buttons  46 ,  48 , but would include an additional input slot to accommodate the two inputs. Furthermore, gaming machine  16  could also accommodate any additional inputs such as magnetic cards, free-play coupons or any other additional coded media.  
         [0036]    Also in communication with the central processing system  12  are one or more change machines  30 ,  32  or change station  33 . The present invention also discloses two embodiments of the change machine who have some structural differences, but have identical functions. In the first embodiment, the change machine  30  includes change machine processor  34 , display  20 , combined bar code reader/currency reader  22 , bar code printer  24  and currency dispenser  36 . Change machine processor  34  can include a variety of processors necessary to establish communication with the central processing system  12  and carry out the function of the change machine. Currency dispenser  36  includes any standard gaming dispenser which can output paper currency and/or coins upon receipt of an appropriate input signal.  
         [0037]    In a second embodiment, change machine  32  includes change machine processor  34 , credit display  20 , currency dispenser  36  and bar code printer  24 , but incorporates a separate bar code reader  26  and currency reader  28 . Although structurally different, the function of change machine  30  and change machine  32  does not vary.  
         [0038]    [0038]FIG. 3 is representative of the preferred change machine  30 . In this embodiment, change machine  30  includes input  44 , credit display  20 , currency output  52  and encoded ticket output  50 . Change machine  30  is designed to be implemented remotely from the gaming machines, but interspersed throughout a gaming establishment to allow players access to cash in money and to cash out winnings. As would be understood, change machine  30  can also be integrated into a gaming machine  14 , 16  as a single machine. Change machine  32  (not pictured) would have similar structures in the display  20 , currency dispenser  52  and encoded ticket output  50 , but would include an additional input slot to accommodate the two inputs.  
         [0039]    With reference to FIG. 1B, central processing system  12  may also be in communication with change station  31 . Change station  31  includes combined bar code reader/currency reader  22  and bar code printer  24 , or the separate variations, but would require an attendant to accept cash for tickets or dispense winnings as is known in the prior art. As would be understood, change station  31  may be implemented into the gaming system  10  as a substitute or in conjunction with change station  30 ,  32 .  
         [0040]    Preferably, central processing system  12  is in communications with any permutation of gaming machines  14 ,  16 , change machines  30 , 32  and/or change stations  31 . In the preferred embodiment, communications are established via preexisting communication components and protocols. As would be understand a dedicated communications link to implement the coinless gaming environment of the present invention would be considered within the scope of the present invention.  
         [0041]    [0041]FIG. 4 is representative of the preferred encoded media of the present invention, referenced generally by gaming coupon  54 . Gaming coupon  54  is preferably constructed of a paper stock which can accept printing from bar code printing and is of a rectangular dimension that can be easily handled by a player. As would be understood, different dimensions and sizes of gaming coupon  54  would be considered with the scope of the present invention.  
         [0042]    In the preferred embodiment, gaming coupon  54  includes a variety of printed text  56  on one or more faces of the coupon  54 . Printed text  56  can include visual indications of the amount of credit the user has accumulated, trademarks or logos from the gaming establishment and any other customized marketing messages. Although used to relay information to the player from the gaming establishment, printed text  54  is not utilized as a primary information source for the coinless gaming system  10 .  
         [0043]    Also located on the face of the gaming coupon  54  are at least one area of encoded text and/or numerals, which preferably is a bar code  58 . Bar code  58  contains a single unique identifier, which can be printed as a single bar code row or as a combination of bar codes. Bar code  58  contains the primary information source for the coinless gaming system  10 .  
         [0044]    [0044]FIG. 5 is representative of memory array  60  utilized by the coinless gaming system  10 . Memory  13  is organized into memory array  60  having a plurality of memory locations characterized by one or more fields. As illustrated in FIG. 5, memory array  60  includes an address field  62 , value field  64 , paid status field  65  and security field  67  as columns and various rows  66  of inputted data. Preferably, the memory array  60  is indexed by address field  62 , such that the remaining fields in the array  60  are referenced to address field  66 . As would be understood, memory array  60  can include additional fields such as terminal identification, time/date, player identification or other demographic data. Additionally, array  60  may be single sorted table or a relational database indexed by address field  66 .  
         [0045]    With continued reference to FIG. 5, address field  62  corresponds to bar code  58 . In the preferred embodiment, address field  62  is encrypted into a numerical sequence as illustrated at  68 . Numerical sequence  68  is preferably a number larger than address field  66  for security purposes. As would be understood, there are a variety of encryption methods that would be considered within the scope of the present invention. In an alternative embodiment, numerical sequence  68  is a unique random number which is associated with address field  62  via a relational database.  
         [0046]    [0046]FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of the input process utilized by gaming machines  14 ,  16 . In Step S 600 , a player inserts either currency or gaming coupon  54  into reader  22 . At Step S 610 , the reader determines whether the inputted media is currency or a coupon  54 . If the media is currency, the reader validates the appropriate amount represented by the currency in Step S 620 . After validating the currency, the value of currency is transferred to central processing system  12  as credit to gain access to the game in Step S 625 .  
         [0047]    If at Step S 610 , reader  22  determines that the inputted media is a gaming coupon  54 , reader  22  reads bar code  58  from coupon  54  and transfers numerical sequence  68  to central processing system  12  in Step S 630 . Upon receiving numerical sequence  68  decoded from bar code  58 , in Step S 640  central processing system  12  determines if numerical sequence  68  is a valid code. If numerical sequence  68  is valid, value field  64  is added to the gaming machine credit balance to gain access to the game in Step S 650 . Furthermore, in Step S 660 , the paid field  70  is marked as positive to prevent further payment of the coupon  54 . If at Step S 640 , numerical sequence  68  is not valid, central processor  12  directs gaming machine  14 ,  16  to display an error message in Step S 670 . At this point, the entire process resets for the next input.  
         [0048]    [0048]FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of the input processes utilized by change machines  30 , 32 . In Step S 700 , a player inserts either currency or gaming coupon  54  into reader  22 . At Step S 710 , reader  22  determines whether the inputted media is currency or gaming coupon  54 . If the media is currency, reader  22  validates the appropriate amount represented by the currency in Step S 720 . After validating the currency, the value of the currency is stored in memory  13  in Step S 730  and a gaming coupon  54  is generated with a unique identifier encoded thereon in Step S 740 .  
         [0049]    If at Step S 710 , reader  22  determines that the inputted media is a gaming coupon  54 , reader  22  reads bar code  58  from the coupon  54  and transfers numerical sequence  68  to central processing system  12  in Step S 750 . Upon receiving numerical sequence  68  from bar code  58 , in Step S 760  central processing system  12  determines if numerical sequence  68  is a valid code. If numerical sequence  68  is valid, change machine  30 ,  32  distributes currency in the amount equal to value field  64  in Step S 770 . Furthermore, in Step S 780 , the paid field  70  is marked as positive to prevent further payment of the coupon  54 . If at Step S 760 , the numerical sequence  68  is not valid, central processing system  12  directs change machine  30 , 32  to display an error message in Step S 790 . At this point, the entire process resets for the next input.  
         [0050]    The invention is considered to have been described in such full, clear, concise and exact terms as to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the same. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art, that a person understanding this invention may conceive of changes or other embodiments or variations, which utilize the principles of this invention without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. All are considered within the sphere, spirit and scope of the invention. The specification and drawings are, therefore, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than restrictive sense. Accordingly, it is not intended that the invention be limited except as may be necessary in view of the appended claims or their equivalents, which particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter applicant regards as its invention.