Abstract:
The invention provides ironless electrical machines with internal water cooled winding between two magnet rows. The winding with internal water cooling has very high heat dissipation and continuous force. In the invented construction (the water cooling plate inside the winding between two rows of magnets), Eddy currents are low due to opposite magnetization direction of the magnets in the rows.

Description:
[0001]    I, Alexei Stadnik, claim priority of provisional application No. 61/460,270 
     
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The design of ironless electrical machine with winding between two magnet rows is well known. In the traditional construction, the magnetization direction of the magnets in the rows is unidirectional and changes along the moving direction (A Transfer-Positioning System with Linear DC Motor by Morimasa KAJIOKA, Susumu TONI, Masaya WATADA and Daiki EBIHARA—Conference Record of the 2000 IEEE Industry Applications Conference: Thirty-Fifth Annual Meeting and World Conference on Industrial Applications of Electrical Energy). This type of electrical machines has many benefits comparing the electrical machines with one row of magnets but also has problem concerning the heat dissipation in the winding. 
         [0003]    For electrical machines with winding between two magnet rows, the problem of heat dissipation is well known. For this construction, the natural cooling is low. To increase the electrical machine heat dissipation, the water cooling may be used. One of the best ways to carry out the heat is placing the water cooling plate inside the winding. The water cooling plate is usually made of aluminum, copper or other conductive materials. Therefore, when winding moves between two magnet rows in the traditional electrical machine, Eddy currents occur in the water cooling plate. 
         [0004]    The invented construction of ironless electrical machines with internal water cooled winding between two matmet rows allows minimizing Eddy currents in the water cooling plate. The magnetization direction of the magnets in the rows is opposite. Due to this, the direction of magnetic field at the center plane between magnets is not perpendicular to the moving direction. Therefore, the Eddy current losses for this construction are much less than for traditional design of ironless electrical machine with winding between two magnet rows. 
     
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
         [0005]    FIG.  1 . 1 —Traditional construction of the linear U-shape ironless electrical machine. 
           [0006]    FIG.  1 . 2 —Invented linear U-shape ironless electrical machine construction, winding with internal water cooling. 
           [0007]    FIG.  2 . 1 —Traditional construction of rotary radial ironless electrical machine. 
           [0008]    FIG.  2 . 2 —Invented rotary radial ironless electrical machine construction, winding with internal water cooling. 
           [0009]    FIG.  3 . 1 —Traditional construction of rotary axial ironless electrical machine. 
           [0010]    FIG.  3 . 2 —Invented rotary axial ironless electrical machine construction, winding with internal water cooling. 
       
    
    
     DRAWINGS—REFERENCE NUMERALS 
       [0011]      10 —Forcer, Traditional linear U-shape ironless electrical machine. 
         [0012]      12 —Coils, linear U-shape ironless electrical machine 
         [0013]      14 —Base, linear U-shape ironless electrical machine 
         [0014]      16 —Water cooling plate, linear U-shape ironless electrical machine, winding with internal water cooling 
         [0015]      18 —Magnet track, traditional linear U-shape ironless electrical machine 
         [0016]      20 —Frame, linear U-shape ironless electrical machine 
         [0017]      22 —Magnets, linear U-shape ironless electrical machine 
         [0018]      24 —Forcer, linear U-shape ironless electrical machine, winding with internal water cooling 
         [0019]      26 —Aluminum lamination, linear U-shape ironless electrical machine, winding with internal water cooling 
         [0020]      28 —Magnet track, linear U-shape ironless electrical machine, winding with internal water cooling 
         [0021]      30 —Water channels, linear U-shape ironless electrical machine, winding with internal water cooling 
         [0022]      40 —Stator, traditional rotary radial ironless electrical machine with winding between two magnet rows 
         [0023]      42 —Coils, rotary radial ironless electrical machine with winding between two magnet rows 
         [0024]      44 —Base, rotary radial ironless electrical machine with winding between two magnet rows 
         [0025]      46 —Aluminum lamination, rotary radial ironless electrical machine, winding with internal water cooling between two magnet rows 
         [0026]      48 —Rotor, traditional rotary radial ironless electrical machine with winding between two magnet rows 
         [0027]      50 —Frame, rotary radial ironless electrical machine with winding between two magnet rows 
         [0028]      52 —Magnets, rotary radial ironless electrical machine with winding between two magnet rows 
         [0029]      54 —Stator, rotary radial ironless electrical machine, winding with internal water cooling between two magnet rows 
         [0030]      56 —Water cooling system, rotary radial ironless electrical machine, winding with internal water cooling between two magnet rows 
         [0031]      58 —Rotor, rotary radial ironless electrical machine, winding with internal water cooling between two magnet rows 
         [0032]      60 —Water channels, rotary radial ironless electrical machine, winding with internal water cooling between two magnet rows 
         [0033]      70 —Stator, traditional rotary axial ironless electrical machine with winding between two magnet rows 
         [0034]      72 —Coils, rotary axial ironless electrical machine with winding between two magnet rows 
         [0035]      74 —Base, rotary axial ironless electrical machine with winding between two magnet rows 
         [0036]      76 —Aluminum lamination, rotary axial ironless electrical machine, winding with internal water cooling between two magnet rows 
         [0037]      78 —Rotor, traditional rotary axial ironless electrical machine with winding between two magnet rows 
         [0038]      80 —Frame, rotary axial ironless electrical machine with winding between two magnet rows 
         [0039]      82 —Magnets, rotary axial ironless electrical machine with winding between two magnet rows 
         [0040]      84 —Stator, rotary axial ironless electrical machine, winding with internal water cooling between two magnet rows 
         [0041]      86 —Water cooling system, rotary axial ironless electrical machine, winding with internal water cooling between two magnet rows 
         [0042]      88 —Rotor, rotary axial ironless electrical machine, winding with internal water cooling between two magnet rows 
         [0043]      90 —Water channels, rotary axial ironless electrical machine, winding with internal water cooling between two magnet rows 
       DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
       [0044]    U-Shape Linear Ironless Electrical Machine, Winding with Internal Water Cooling. 
         [0045]    The traditional construction of the U-shape ironless electrical machine is shown on  FIG. 1.1 . Forcer  10  consists of coils  12  mounted to the base  14 . Magnet track  18  consists of frame  20  and magnets  22  mounted to the frame. The magnetization of magnets in the two rows is unidirectional. 
         [0046]    The invented U-shape ironless electrical machine construction with internal water cooled winding includes forcer  24  consisted of coils  12  mounted to the base  14 , ironless lamination  26  and water cooling plate  16  with water channels  30  ( FIG. 1.2 ). Magnet track  28  consists of frame  20  and magnets  22  mounted to the frame. The magnetization direction of the magnets in the rows is opposite. 
         [0047]    Due to opposite direction of magnetization, the direction of magnetic field at the center plane between magnets is not perpendicular to the moving direction. Therefore, the Eddy current losses for this construction are much less than for traditional design of ironless electrical machine with winding and cooling plate between two magnet rows. To minimize Eddy current losses, the optimization of lamination and coils thicknesses is to be made. 
         [0000]    Rotary Radial Ironless Electrical Machine, Winding with Internal Water Cooling Between Two Magnet Rows. 
         [0048]    The traditional construction of the rotary radial ironless electrical machine with winding between two magnet rows is shown on  FIG. 2.1 . Stator  40  consists of coils  42  mounted to the base  44 . Rotor  48  consists of frame  50  and magnets  52  mounted to the frame. The magnetization of magnets in the two rows is unidirectional. 
         [0049]    The invented rotary radial ironless electrical machine construction with internal water cooled winding includes stator  54  consisted of coils  42  mounted to the water cooling system  56  with water channels  60  and ironless lamination  46  ( FIG. 2.2 ). Rotor  58  consists of frame  50  and magnets  52  mounted to the frame. The magnetization direction of the magnets in the rows is opposite. 
         [0050]    Due to opposite direction of magnetization, the direction of magnetic field at the center between magnets is not perpendicular to the moving direction. Therefore, the Eddy current losses for this construction are much less than for traditional design of ironless electrical machine with winding and cooling plate between two magnet rows. To minimize Eddy current losses, the optimization of lamination and coils thicknesses is to be made. 
         [0000]    Rotary Axial Ironless Electrical Machine, Winding with Internal Water Cooling Between Two Magnet Rows. 
         [0051]    The traditional construction of the rotary radial ironless electrical machine with winding between two magnet rows is shown on  FIG. 3.1 . Stator  70  consists of coils  72  mounted to the base  74 . Rotor  78  consists of frame  80  and magnets  82  mounted to the frame. The magnetization of magnets in the two rows is unidirectional. 
         [0052]    The invented rotary radial ironless electrical machine construction with internal water cooled winding includes stator  84  consisted of coils  72  mounted to the water cooling system  86  with water channels  90  and ironless lamination  76  ( FIG. 3.2 ). Rotor  88  consists of frame  80  and magnets  82  mounted to the frame. The magnetization direction of the magnets in the rows is opposite. 
         [0053]    Due to opposite direction of magnetization, the direction of magnetic field at the center between magnets is not perpendicular to the moving direction. Therefore, the Eddy current losses for this construction are much less than for conventional design of ironless&#39;electrical machine with winding and cooling plate between two magnet rows. To minimize Eddy current losses, the optimization of lamination and coils thicknesses is to be made.