Abstract:
Disclosed is a fire evacuation installation. When evacuees are not able to evacuate through an emergency exit or other means of evacuation when a fire occurs, the fire evacuation installation may safely protect the evacuees from flames and poisonous gas until rescue workers arrive. Further, the fire evacuation installation may be prevented from being damaged by exposure to rain, and the fire evacuation installation may have an elegant outer appearance and be more easily installed. In addition, the fire evacuation installation may be selectively moved between the floors of a building.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2011-0060457, filed on Jun. 22, 2011 in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
       TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0002]    The present disclosure in one or more embodiments relates to an emergency evacuation installation against fire. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to an emergency evacuation installation for providing evacuees with a backup shelter when isolated from a vulnerable emergency exit or other means of evacuation until the arrival of rescue workers against firing or burning poisonous gas, while the evacuation installation is normally self-concealed resisting damages from rain and weather elements, swiftly attached, possessing an elegant external appearance, and is selectively movable between the floors of a building. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0003]    As the majority of the population is concentrated in cities, ever increasing number of high-rise buildings are erected for more and more people to live and work in a limited space. 
         [0004]    For concern of human fatality in the high-rise buildings in case of fire, it has been stipulated to install emergency exits and fire doors, or a rappelling type descender or various other means have been provided as an alternative emergency escape, although a very small number of the prospective users might be familiar with the use of such contraption, setting aside how well they could actually follow the emergency maneuvering of the descender with fear. 
         [0005]    Besides, the emergency exit, for example is where the most people converge and is thus occasionally incapacitated. In addition, a fire door is typically installed at the emergency exit for preventing a flow of smoke and flames but it is often made to work only with the manual operation of a volunteer, which may happen rarely. In this case, the emergency exit tends to function as the smoke chimney, rather resulting in the spread of a fire. There have been reports of a substantial number of casualties occurred due to the adverse effect of the fire door which exposes the victims unprotected to the flame and even more deadly poisonous gas. 
         [0006]    The present applicant proposed a safe escape technology in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-099824-00000 Nov. 29, 2010 entitled “The installation to evacuating from a fire” with a box-type collapsible fixture placed on veranda or balcony to allow isolated persons from an emergency exit to safely escape from flames and noxious fumes until rescuers arrive for help. However, such facilities may not be aesthetically pleasing as they are publically visible between occasional services, and they are susceptible to oxidation corrosions at various metallic panels and hinges in wet weather hampering the full durability. 
         [0007]    In addition, there may be a difficulty for the general public to maneuver those facilities in the collapsing and expanding operations, and the suggested configurations could be regarded as structurally unstable. 
       DISCLOSURE 
     Technical Problem 
       [0008]    Therefore, present disclosure in one or more embodiments provides a self-concealed emergency evacuation installation which is adapted to visually blend in with the exterior of a building to improve aesthetic appearance thereof, prevent elements such as rainwater from seeping inside, provide a transit rescue pod for occupants when isolated from an emergency exit or other means of evacuation to escape from flames and noxious fumes until rescuers arrive for help, give the occupants a sense of structural stability, while the evacuation installation is swiftly installed movably between the floors of the building. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0009]    The present emergency evacuation installation includes a frame, a rear panel, a couple of side panels, a bottom panel, a top panel and an emergency ladder. 
         [0010]    The frame is fixed to the railing of the veranda having double entrance doors respectively hinged on both sides of the frame and each having a knob projecting forward and a pair of first ladder docking holes extending vertically through the frame and opening towards the upper surface of the frame. The rear panel of a rectangular shape is disposed rearward of the frame and provided with a flange formed by forward right-angled bending of the periphery of the rear panel with an exit door formed centrally of the rear panel. The side panels each includes a first and a second panel which are interconnected in an inwardly folding arrangement by a number of corresponding first hinges and each side panel is also connected at its front and rear ends by a number of second and third hinges foldably with the rear portion of the inside of the frame and one lateral end of the rear panel, respectably. The bottom panel has a lateral end attached to a number of fourth hinges formed inside of a lower end portion of the frame, at least one air inlet hole with a closing and opening plate adjustably disposed thereover, a lower sliding door configured to be pushed sideways to slide open a predetermined portion of the bottom panel, and a pair of second ladder fixture holes extending through the bottom panel and located between the lower sliding door and the double entrance doors so that the bottom panel is expanded until it is stopped by a lower section of the flange of the rear panel to complete the floor surface as the emergency evacuation installation is deployed. The top panel has a lateral end attached to a number of fifth hinges formed inside of an upper end portion of the frame and an upper sliding door configured to be pushed sideways to slide open a predetermined portion of the top panel, and engages, when deployed, a downward surface of an upper section of the flange. And the emergency ladder is installed inside of one of the double entrance doors and has upper hooks each bent into a forward curve terminated by a distal end which can be inserted in each of the second ladder fixture holes and foots which can be inserted in another pair of first ladder docking holes of a down stair emergency evacuation installation once the emergency evacuation installation is repeated in a column over the building. 
       Advantageous Effects 
       [0011]    According to the present disclosure as described above, various components of the present emergency evacuation installation attached to the balcony are not exposed to the outside as the installation is neatly enclosed to blend in the exterior of a building while in constant readiness for deployment in case of emergency and thereby allows unhindered use thereof with a contribution to aesthetics of the building. Further, the emergency evacuation installation is configured to prevent damages and corrosions caused by rain and such elements by cutting off rainwater in particular, so as to relieve the concerns of possible accident due to damage of the parts. 
         [0012]    In addition, the present emergency evacuation installation at the balcony of a building provides the occupants with a protected rescue pod to enter for evading flames and toxic gases to save casualties before rescue help arrives and usually folds flat with the minimal footprint to block field of vision. At the same time, the present installation with a sturdy fixed frame ensures the user to get a sense of structural and psychological stability. Further, the present installation has a bottom panel deployed by its own weight and the top panel that is deployed with the assistance of a hydraulic cylinder suspension into active service of the emergency evacuation installation with ease. 
         [0013]    Moreover, the present emergency evacuation installation provides emergency ladders adapted to engage installations on lower floors when a floor-to-floor evacuation is available for the occupants to readily escape against inaccessibility to the fire door and emergency staircase to further reduce possible casualties. 
     
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         [0014]      FIGS. 1 to 8  are diagrams of an emergency evacuation installation according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. 
           [0015]      FIGS. 9 to 11B  are diagrams of an emergency evacuation installation according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. 
           [0016]      FIGS. 12 to 14B  are diagrams of an emergency evacuation installation according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure. 
           [0017]      FIGS. 15 to 19G  are diagrams of an emergency evacuation installation according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. 
           [0018]      FIG. 20  is diagram of an emergency evacuation installation according to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure. 
           [0019]      FIGS. 21 to 29E  are diagrams of an emergency evacuation installation according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure. 
           [0000]    
         
           
                 
               
                 
                 
                 
               
             
                 
                     
                 
                 
                   REFERENCE NUMERALS 
                 
                 
                     
                 
               
               
                 
                     
                 
               
            
             
                 
                     
                   1″: Balcony/Veranda  
                   2″: Frame 
                 
                 
                     
                   3″: Rear Panel 
                   4″: Side Panel 
                 
                 
                     
                   5″: Bottom Panel 
                   6″: Top Panel 
                 
                 
                     
                   7″: Emergency Ladder 
                   8″: Locking Means 
                 
                 
                     
                     
                 
               
            
           
         
       
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0020]    Therefore, the following detailed description of some embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the drawings will render those skilled in the art to readily understand and reproduce the exemplary configurations. 
         [0021]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view of an emergency evacuation installation shown as collapsed according to some embodiments of the present disclosure,  FIG. 2  a perspective view of an expanded state thereof,  FIG. 3  an exploded perspective view, and  FIG. 4  a plan view of a collapsed state thereof. Finally,  FIG. 5  is a plan view of the expanded state of the evacuation installation. 
         [0022]    As illustrated in the drawings, the emergency evacuation installation according to a first embodiment may be in a rectangular form and fixed to a veranda  1  of a building at a railing  11 . The present installation includes a rectangular frame  2  having an entrance  21  (doors  22 ′ FIG.  18  and  22 ″  FIG. 26   a ) at the front side, a rear panel  3  disposed rearward of the frame  2  and having an exit door  31 , two side panels  4 , a bottom panel  5  and a top panel  6 , which jointly constitute a box-type of emergency escape shelter and is collapsible as bellows. 
         [0023]    The present installation also includes a front cover  7  and a rear cover  8 . The front cover  7  conforms to and tightly surrounds the rectangular frame  2  and extends rearward until it terminates at a first press-fit flange  71  which is bent inwardly at right angle. The rear cover  8  includes a main body fixed to the rear surface of the rear panel  3  with an opening formed not to interfere with the opening and closing of the exit door  31  and outer edges extending forward from the main body at right angle until it terminates at a second press-fit flange  82  from another inward right-angle bending so that the second flange  82  abuts the first flange  71  while the evacuation installation is fully collapsed. 
         [0024]    The present disclosure recognizes that using various fabric or plastic sheets as an easy covering over such emergency installation may become an added risk factor to the actual emergency and time-sensitive situations for the building occupants who are trapped in an abrupt fire, if they are required to find the covered installation and get into the uncovering process with those sheets before using the same. Therefore, the emergency installation in this embodiment is configured to bring no possible interference with its intended operation and to enclose any unsightly and/or sensitive components protectively and invisibly as best as possible. To this end, the first and second press-fit flanges  71  and  82  typically maintain a close contact with each other to prevent damage to the components by reducing water from seeping into the interior of the installation.  FIG. 6  is a perspective view in accordance with an extended example of the first embodiment of the present disclosure,  FIG. 7  a plan view according to the present embodiment,  FIG. 8  a conceptual diagram, wherein the front cover  7  further has a flame deflector  72  formed by gradually enlarging four side walls of the front cover  7  in a slant rearward and then reducing into a stepped end. This deflects and relieves uncontrollable flames from directly or indirectly heating up the inside of the installation even though it is adapted to comprise an insulating member for preventing heat transmission. Here, the flame deflector  72  is configured to guide the flame along inclined surface thereof for reducing the effect of heat or flame on the top panel  6 , bottom panel  5  and especially side panels  4 . 
         [0025]      FIG. 9  is a plan view of a collapsed state of an emergency evacuation installation according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure,  FIG. 10  a plan view of an expanded state thereof, and  FIGS. 11A and 11B  are side cross-sectional views of the same, wherein one of the first and second press-fit flanges  71 ,  82  extends further inward and bends right toward the other along a slight extension and then bends again perpendicularly and outwardly to additionally form a draining section  83 . 
         [0026]    It is important to address corrosion which occurs rapidly around the components of the emergency evacuation installation including vulnerable hinges to the direct exposure to rainwater or humid winds causing reduced durability thereof. In view of this, the enclosure of the present embodiment is advantageously provided with a protective means as the draining section  83  arranged for collecting and expelling any intruded water. 
         [0027]      FIG. 12  is a plan view of a collapsed state of an emergency evacuation installation according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure,  FIG. 13  a plan view of an expanded state thereof, and  FIGS. 14A and 14B  are side cross-sectional views of the same, wherein the emergency evacuation installation has sealing mounting ribs  73 , coupling ribs  84  and a sealing member  9 . In this example, the sealing mounting ribs  73  are adjacent to the rear ends of the front cover  7  and extend by branching inwardly followed by rearward extensions to jointly form grooves along the rear boundary line of the front cover  7 . The coupling ribs  84  extend at right angle from the front ends of the rear cover  8  and bend again to the front so that they are distally inserted in the grooves of the sealing mounting ribs  73 . At this time, the sealing member  9  may have the shape of a rectangular ring with a corresponding groove along the rear ends of the front cover  7 . 
         [0028]    As described above, the seal member may be more positive method for resolving the problems of water and air leakages. 
         [0029]      FIG. 15  is a perspective view of an expanded state of an emergency evacuation installation according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure,  FIG. 16  a rear perspective view of an expanded state of the same installation of  FIG. 15 ,  FIG. 17  an exploded perspective view, and  FIG. 18  a perspective view of a collapsed state thereof, wherein the emergency evacuation installation is adapted to be mounted in the form factor of a box normally collapsed and readily deployed for accommodating a plurality of occupants safely in emergency situations such as fires. 
         [0030]    The present emergency evacuation installation includes a rectangular frame  2 ′, a rear panel  3 ′, a couple of side panels  4 ′, a bottom panel  5 ′, a top panel  6 ′ and an activation bar  7 ′. The frame  2 ′ is fixed to the railing  11 ′ of the veranda  1 ′ having double doors  22 ′ respectively hinged on both sides of the frame and each having a knob  21 ′ projecting forward. The rear panel  3 ′ of a generally rectangular shape is disposed rearward of the frame  2 ′ and provided with a bottom flange  31 ′ and a top flange  32 ′ formed respectively by forward right-angled bending of the rear panel  3 ′ at its bottom and top ends with an exit door  33 ′ formed centrally of the rear panel  3 ′ so that it is externally accessed for opening. The side panels  4 ′ each includes a first and a second panel  41 ′ and  42 ′ which are bisected vertically and interconnected in a foldable arrangement by a number of first hinges  43 ′ and each side panel  4 ′ is also connected at its front and rear ends by a number of second and third hinges  44 ′,  45 ′ foldably with the rear portion of the inside of the frame  2 ′ and one lateral end of the rear panel  3 ′, respectably. The bottom panel  5 ′ has a lateral end attached to a number of fourth hinges  51 ′ formed inside of a lower end portion of the frame  2 ′ and at least one air inlet hole  52 ′ with a closing and opening plate  53 ′ adjustably disposed thereover so that the bottom panel  5 ′ is dropped until it is stopped by the bottom flange  31 ′ of the rear panel  3 ′ to complete the floor surface as the emergency evacuation installation is deployed. The top panel  6 ′ has a lateral end attached to a number of fifth hinges  61 ′ formed inside of an upper end portion of the frame  2 ′ and engages, when deployed, the bottom surface of the top flange  32 ′ of rear panel  3 ′. The activation bar  7 ′ is elongated and has one end fixed to the upper surface of the top flange  32 ′ of the rear panel  3 ′ and the opposite end passing through a guide hole  23 ′ formed in the frame  2 ′ and terminating by a handle portion  71 ′. The activation bar  7 ′ is divided into two sections articulated by a hinge  72 ′ so placed that it passes the guide hole  23 ′ with all the panels collapsed and then bends vertically downwards to rest. 
         [0031]    The above-described configuration allows the emergency evacuation installation to be fixedly mounted to the railing  11 ′ of the veranda  1 ′ for the occupants to make a quick temporary escape from the flames and toxic gases of fire. To this end, the emergency evacuation installation basically employs non-combustible materials while maintaining the interior space sealed from outside and allowing fresh air to flow in from the atmosphere selectively through the air inlet hole  52 ′ to prevent the toxic gases from intruding. 
         [0032]    More detailed description of the operation will be provided referring to the illustrative drawings. 
         [0033]      FIGS. 19   a ˜ 19   g  are conceptual views of the steps of using the emergency evacuation installation according to the fourth embodiment. The activation bar  7 ′ normally lays flat between the double doors  22 ′ and it may be held under an optional key plate  8 ′ having grooves  81 ′ for inserting both knobs  21 ′ to fasten the activation bar  7 ′ and the double entrance doors  22 ′ altogether. In case of failed evacuation from fire, the user can remove the key plate  8 ′ first, lift the activation bar  7 ′ about the hinge  72 ′ to be horizontal, and then push it by the handle  71 ′. 
         [0034]    Thus, the rear panel  3 ′ is pushed rearward to unfold the side panels  4 ′, i.e., the first and second side panels  41 ′,  42 ′ by means of the first hinges  43 ′ out of their collapsed mode. Such deployments of the side panels  4 ′ are accompanied by horizontal unfolding of the bottom panel  5 ′ by its own weight. 
         [0035]    At this time, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the frame  2 ′ is additionally provided with a hydraulic cylinder  24 ′ having one end fixed to an interior portion of the frame  2 ′ and the opposite end fixed to the top panel  6 ′ to easily deploy the top panel  6 ′ even without a manual endeavor. 
         [0036]    Further, in other embodiments, two or more ball casters  54 ′ are additionally installed on the bottom panel  5 ′ where it makes close lateral contacts with the side panels  4 ′ to minimize frictions therebetween. 
         [0037]    This is intended to prevent the critical interference of the close side panels  4 ′ with the deployment of the bottom panel  5 ′. In this way, the bottom panel  5 ′ and top panel  6 ′ are adapted to be opened until they come into close contact with the bottom flange  31 ′ and top flange  32 ′ and transform into a full box shaped safety pod where the users enter by the doors  22 ′ and are covered until rescued by people on the ground or rescue workers. 
         [0038]    At this time, the air inlet holes  52 ′ can be installed with an air filter for effectively blocking the toxic gases. In addition, the exit door  33 ′ in the rear panel  3 ′ is desirably arranged to have a lock accessible only from outside for preventing the occupants from opening it inadvertently and thereby precluding the danger of falling until rescue workers get to unlock the door  33 ′. In this case, the bottom panel  5 ′ that takes the load of the occupants can additionally use a reinforcement which includes one or more wires  25 ′ and corresponding wire guides  46 ′ to advantageously distribute the load to bear. The wires  25 ′ each has one end attached to an upper portion of the frame  2 ′ and the other end attached to the bottom panel  5 ′ at either lateral end near where it contacts with the lower flange  31 ′ of the rear panel  3 ′, and the length of the wire  25 ′ is determined to permit the bottom panel  5 ′ to unfold up to the horizontal limit. The wire guide  46 ′ is formed as a long tube installed in the first side panel  4 ′ that is coupled to the frame  2 ′ for the wire  25 ′ to run through the wire guide  46 ′ which is installed in the corresponding orientation to the wire  25 ′ when activated with the bottom panel  5 ′ expanded. 
         [0039]      FIG. 20  is an exploded perspective view of an emergency evacuation installation according to a modified embodiment of  FIG. 19 , whereby illustrating a heat insulating material  9 ′ installed on the outer surfaces of the respective panels  2 ′,  3 ′,  4 ′,  5 ′,  6 ′ for example. 
         [0040]    The present embodiment employs the heat insulating material  9 ′ to address the heat of the flame which will be delivered to the occupants through the evacuation installation if it is simply made with metal which then can work as a medium of heat to cause burns or extreme conditions for the occupants to bear. 
         [0041]      FIG. 21  is a perspective view of an emergency evacuation installation when collapsed, according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure,  FIG. 22  a perspective view of an expanded state,  FIG. 23  shows the expanded state in rear perspective view,  FIG. 24  a bottom perspective view of the expanded state, and  FIG. 25  is an exploded perspective view thereof. 
         [0042]    As illustrated, the emergency evacuation installation is adapted to be attached to one side of a railing  11 ″ of a veranda  1 ″ in a building in the form factor of a box normally collapsed and readily deployed for accommodating a plurality of occupants safely in emergency situations such as fires. 
         [0043]    The present emergency evacuation installation includes a frame  2 ″, a rear panel  3 ″, a couple of side panels  4 ″, a bottom panel  5 ″, a top panel  6 ″ and an emergency ladder  7 ″. The frame  2 ″ is fixed to the railing  11 ″ of the veranda  1 ″ having double entrance doors  22 ″ respectively hinged on both sides of the frame and each having a knob  21 ″ projecting forward and a pair of first ladder docking holes  23 ″ extending vertically through the frame  2 ″ and opening towards the upper surface of the frame  2 ″. The rear panel  3 ″ of a rectangular shape is disposed rearward of the frame  2 ″ and provided with a flange  31 ″ formed by forward right-angled bending of the periphery of the rear panel  3 ″ with an exit door  32 ″ formed centrally of the rear panel  3 ″. The side panels  4 ″ each includes a first and a second panel  41 ″ and  42 ″ which are interconnected in an inwardly folding arrangement by a number of corresponding first hinges  43 ″ and each side panel  4 ″ is also connected at its front and rear ends by a number of second and third hinges  44 ″,  45 ″ foldably with the rear portion of the inside of the frame  2 ″ and one lateral end of the rear panel  3 ″, respectably. The bottom panel  5 ″ has a lateral end attached to a number of fourth hinges  51 ″ formed inside of a lower end portion of the frame  2 ″, at least one air inlet hole  52 ″ with a closing and opening plate  53 ″ adjustably disposed thereover, a lower sliding door  54 ″ configured to be pushed sideways to slide open a predetermined portion of the bottom panel  5 ″, and a pair of second ladder fixture holes  55 ″ extending through the bottom panel  5 ″ and located between the lower sliding door  54 ″ and the double entrance doors  22 ″ so that the bottom panel  5 ″ is expanded until it is stopped by a lower section of the flange  31 ″ of the rear panel  3 ″ to complete the floor surface as the emergency evacuation installation is deployed. The top panel  6 ′ has a lateral end attached to a number of fifth hinges  61 ″ formed inside of an upper end portion of the frame  2 ″ and an upper sliding door  62 ″ configured to be pushed sideways to slide open a predetermined portion of the top panel  6 ″, and engages, when deployed, a downward surface of an upper section of the flange  31 ″. The emergency ladder  7 ″ is installed inside of one of the double entrance doors  22 ″ and has upper hooks  71 ″ each bent into a forward curve terminated by a distal end which can be inserted in each of the second ladder fixture holes  55 ″ and foots which can be inserted in another pair of first ladder docking holes  23 ″ of a downstairs emergency evacuation installation once the emergency evacuation installation is repeatedly attached in a column over the building. 
         [0044]    The above-described configuration allows the emergency evacuation installation to be fixedly mounted to the railing  11 ″ of the veranda  1 ″ for the occupants to make a quick temporary escape from the flames and toxic gases of fire. To this end, the emergency evacuation installation employs non-combustible materials while maintaining the interior space sealed from the outside and allowing fresh air to flow in from the atmosphere selectively through the air inlet hole  52 ″ to prevent the toxic gases from intruding. The emergency evacuation installation further includes the emergency ladder  7 ″ to easily interlink with a similar emergency evacuation installation downstairs and thereby enabling floor-to-floor migrations of the evacuees and escape to safer one of those emergency evacuation installations once they are adopted up and downstairs in the building. 
         [0045]    More detailed description of the operation will be provided referring to the illustrative drawings. 
         [0046]      FIGS. 26   a ˜ 26   g  are conceptual diagrams illustrating a process of using the installation for the purposes of emergency evacuation in accordance with the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG. 27  is a conceptual diagram of the disclosed installation activated by an occupant according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         [0047]    The aforementioned drawings additionally show a locking means  8 ″ ( FIGS. 23 ,  26   b ) including a locking member  82 ″, a rotational link  87 ″, a locking bracket  84 ″ and a first wire  89 ″. The locking member  82 ″ is formed as a U-hook with two arms penetrating the rear panel  3 ″ from its front upper portion towards the rear and secured in place with a pair of cotter pins or locking pins  81 ″ pressed through holes formed distally of the two arms. The locking bracket  84 ″ is attached to a top inner portion of the frame  2 ″ and has a locking groove  83 ″ for accepting an insertion of the front end of the locking member  82 ″. The rotational link  87 ″ is rotatably mounted on the locking bracket  84 ″ and has one end provided with a hook  85 ″ for responsively latching the locking member  82 ″ as it enters the locking groove  83 ″ and the opposite end provided with a wire connecting portion  86 ″. The first wire  89 ″ is connected at its one end to the wire connecting portion  86 ″ of the rotational link  87 ″ and is guided up and then draped down terminating with a release knob  88 ″. 
         [0048]    In the above example, with the entrance doors  22 ″ open, one can recognize the visible release knob  88 ″ of the locking means  8 ″ to pull the rotational link  87 ″ out of engagement with the locking member  82 ″ for releasing it from the locking groove  83 ″ of the locking bracket  84 ″. 
         [0049]    Thus, the back panel  3 ″ may be pushed rearward, the side panels  4 ″, i.e. first and second panels  41 ″,  42 ″ are unfolded about the first hinges  43 ″, when the bottom panel  5 ″ expands horizontally by its own weight about its articulated junction by the fourth hinge  51 ″. To ensure easier performance of the deployment process, the present disclosure in some embodiments additionally installs a first pair of hydraulic cylinders  24 ″, a second pair of hydraulic cylinders  25 ″ and a third pair of hydraulic cylinders  26 ″. The first pair of hydraulic cylinders  24 ″ are fixed at the proximal ends, for example to the interior of the frame  2 ″ with the distal ends being fixed to the top panel  6 ″ to thrust the top panel  6 ″ in the intended direction of deployment. The second pair of hydraulic cylinders  25 ″ is fixed at the proximal ends to the interior of the frame  2 ″ with the distal ends being fixed to the bottom panel  5 ″ to thrust the bottom panel  5 ″ in its intended direction of deployment. And the third pair of hydraulic cylinders  26 ″ is fixed at the proximal ends to the lower rear portion of the frame  2 ″ with the distal ends being fixed to the second side panels  42 ″ to thrust the first and second side panels  41 ″,  42 ″ in their intended direction of deployment. 
         [0050]    The present embodiment uses the first through third pairs of hydraulic cylinders  24 ″,  25 ″ and  26 ″ to obviate the need for a manual endeavor of even the elderly or children, saving the precious energy and attention in the emergency situations. 
         [0051]    Another method for automatically deploying the emergency evacuation installation is to install a torsion spring on each of the hinges. The present disclosure in some embodiments provides torsion springs  46 ″ ( FIG. 24 ) mounted on the rotation axes of the first hinges  43 ″ for interconnecting the first and second side panels  41 ″ and  42 ″ to urge these panels towards their intended positions of deployment. 
         [0052]    Upon expansions of the series of panels in case of fire, victims can enter the established emergency evacuation installation away from the flame and toxic gas until rescue workers and people on the ground come to rescue. At this time, the air inlet holes  52 ′ can be installed with an air filter for effectively blocking the toxic gases. In addition, the contact surface between the entrance doors  22 ″ and the frame  2 ″ may be fitted with a gasket  27 ″ for preventing harmful gas and smoke from entering the interior of the installation through a clearance about the doors  22 ″. In addition, the exit door  33 ″ in the rear panel  3 ″ is desirably arranged to have a lock accessible only from outside for preventing the occupants from opening it inadvertently and thereby precluding the danger of falling until rescue workers get to unlock the door  33 ″. 
         [0053]      FIGS. 28B and 28A  are conceptual diagrams illustrating a process by collapsing the emergency evacuation installation according to the present embodiment which further includes at least one second wire  92 ″ having distal ends attached to upper portions of the first side panels  41 ″ near the second side panels  42 ″ and at least one proximal end which extends to the inner upper central portion of the frame  2 ″, passes through a least one opening  91 ″ of the frame  2 ″ and then drape down. Also included is a pull handle  93 ″ attached to the free end of the second wire  92 ″. 
         [0054]    This embodiment addresses the considerable difficulty of refolding the installation after use and eliminates the risk of falling of a user in the process. Specifically, folding the side panels  4 ″ by the pull handle  93 ″ will force the top panel  6 ″ and bottom panel  5 ″ into the collapsed positions, and a further pulling brings the locking member  82 ″ of the locking means  8 ″ to enter the locking groove  83 ″, when the hook  85 ″ of the rotational link  87 ″ keeps the locking member  82 ″ into the latched position. 
         [0055]      FIGS. 29A˜29E  are conceptual diagrams for illustrating a process of using the present emergency evacuation installation as an elevation means according to the present embodiment. With a series of such emergency evacuation installations provided up and down on a veranda  1   a ″ and its next veranda  1   b ″ for example, if fire breaks out leaving downstairs less damaged from flame or toxic gas with incapacitated emergency exit and other means of access, the occupants upstairs can first deploy their own evacuation installation to open the lower sliding door  54 ″ of the bottom panel  5 ″, insert the upper hooks  71 ″ of the emergency ladder  7 ″ in the second ladder fixture holes  55 ″, and links the ladder  7 ″ by inserting its foots into the first ladder docking holes  23 ″ of the downstairs emergency evacuation installation. Then, the evacuees can proceed to downstairs to find better routes to evacuate the building. 
         [0056]    As the evacuees find no appropriate means of evacuation downstairs, they can decide to use the downstairs installation while descending by pulling out the locking pins  81 ″ of the locking member  82 ″ to deploy the installation and entering there through the upper sliding door  62 ″ of the top panel  6 ′, which can be repeated down to the ground.