Abstract:
A lock includes first and second mating members. The first member is an elongate member with a first and second ends. The first end has a first transverse dimension and is provided with a plurality of first anti-rotational elements. The second end defines a head with a second transverse dimension greater than the first transverse dimension. The second member has a cavity configured to receive the first end of the first member. The cavity is provided with a plurality of second anti-rotational elements that engage and lock with the first anti-rotational elements when the first end of the first member is inserted into the cavity.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a national phase filing, under 35 U.S.C. 517 371 (c), of International Application No. PCT/DK2007/000325, filed Jul. 2, 2007, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. This application claims the benefit, under 35 U.S.C. §119(e), of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/806,586, filed Jul. 5, 2006, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
     Not Applicable 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention relates to an engagement lock for a container having a pair of locking rings or locking eyelets, said engagement lock comprising first and second members adapted for snap-fit interlocking after the first member has been introduced into a cavity provided in the second member. 
     An engagement lock of the type indicated above is known from U.S. Pat. No. 3,980,337. 
     The elongated body of such a prior art lock is a cable or wire which is too flexible, and consequently, this flexible member will yield and be bent if e.g. the stroke of a hammer is used in order to try to insert and interlock it with the other member. Moreover, the individual strands of the wire will be untwisted or loosened during such an attempt of interlocking. 
     An engagement lock is also disclosed in the Danish patent 134 811 corresponding to the U.S. Pat. No. 4,075,742. In this lock the rod-shaped body is a rigid solid rod of metal, and the resistance to its introduction into the cavity during the interlocking can e.g. be overcome in the above mentioned manner by the stroke from a hammer. This lock is opened by cutting the rod-shaped body by means of a strong pair of scissors or shears. 
     Moreover, an engagement lock is known from the European patent EP 0 044 305 B1 corresponding to U.S. Pat. No. 4,991,889, from which the present invention is a further development. Reference is made to the above patents and the above US patents are hereby incorporated in the present specification by reference. 
     It has turned out to be possible for an unauthorized, person to open the engagement lock by drilling until the rod-shaped body breaks since the cavity is not strong enough to withstand it. 
     According to the authorized, opening of the engagement lock known in the art, the engagement lock is opened by cutting the rod-shaped body by means of a strong pair of scissors or shears, e.g., by cutting in one of the annular grooves which are intentional lines of weakness. 
     A thief or a person having fraudulent thoughts, e.g., of transporting non legal goods in a container will not use the authorized opening referred to above, since this person does not want the opening and the subsequent closing of the container and the opening and the subsequent closing of the engagement lock to be revealed later on during inspection of the engagement lock. A thief or a fraudulent person attempting to transport non legal goods, e.g., drugs, etc in the container will attempt to break the engagement lock and store his “goods” in the container prior to—if at all possible—locking the container again. This person does not want addition or replacement of goods to be revealed later on by inspecting the engagement lock, e.g. by visible crack or other hammering or drilling traces. 
     It is, of course, possible to open the container lock by cutting the rod-shaped body by means of e.g. a strong pair of scissors and/or shears but this will be visible from the outside the container, e.g. visible for customs officers or other persons handling the container. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An object of the present invention is to provide an engagement lock which cannot be broken by a hammer or by drilling in an unauthorized manner, and which engagement lock can only be opened by the intentional authorized opening. 
     A feature of the present invention relates to the fact that the provision of the blocking for any unauthorized opening of the lock is provided concealed in the lock itself thereby preventing any unauthorized tampering with the blocking which else could allow a thief or a fraudulent person to successfully convert the lock according to the present invention into a lock of the prior art which does not prevent unauthorized breaking or opening. 
     The above object, and the above feature, together with other objects, features and advantages which will be evident from the below detailed description of presently preferred embodiments of the engagement lock according to the present invention, are according to the teachings of the present invention obtained by two alternative aspects, wherein the term “transversal dimension” is understood to mean “diameter”. 
     The first aspect relates to an engagement lock for a container having a pair of locking rings, the engagement lock comprising:
         a first member comprising a rod-shaped elongate body defining a first and a second end, and defining an axis in the longitudinal direction of the rod-shaped elongate body, the first end constituting an insertion end defining a surface and a first transversal dimension, and the second end comprising a head defining a second transversal dimension, the second transversal dimension being larger than the first transversal dimension of the insertion end;   a second member having a cavity defining a third transversal dimension allowing the insertion end to snap-fit interlock with the second member provided the insertion end of the first member is introduced into the cavity, the second member defining an outer, fourth transversal dimension;   the second transversal dimension of the head of the first member, and the outer, fourth transversal dimension of the second member being larger than the apertures of the locking rings, and the first transversal dimension of the insertion end being smaller than the apertures of the locking rings;   characterized by:   the insertion end being provided on the surface with a first number of protruding locking elements extending in the direction of the axis;   the cavity of the second member being provided with a second number of locking recesses for matingly locking and arresting the insertion end to the cavity whereby the first member being locked and arrested to the second member; and   the second number being equal to or greater than the first number.       

     The second aspect relates to an engagement lock for a container having a pair of locking rings, the engagement lock comprising:
         a first member comprising a rod-shaped elongate body defining a first and a second end, and defining an axis in the longitudinal direction of the rod-shaped elongate body, the first end constituting an insertion end defining a surface and a first transversal dimension, and the second end comprising a head defining a second transversal dimension, the second transversal dimension being larger than the first transversal dimension of the insertion end;   a second member having a cavity defining a third transversal dimension allowing the insertion end to snap-fit interlock with the second member provided the insertion end of the first member being introduced into the cavity, the second member defining an outer, fourth transversal dimension;   the second transversal dimension of the head of the first member, and the outer, fourth transversal dimension of the second member being larger than the apertures of the locking rings, and the first transversal dimension of the insertion end being smaller than the apertures of the locking rings;   characterized by:   the insertion end being provided on the surface with a first number of locking recesses extending in the direction of the axis;   the cavity of the second member being provided with a second number of protruding locking elements for matingly locking and arresting the insertion end to the cavity whereby the first member being locked and arrested to the second member; and   the first number being equal to or greater than the second number.       

     The provision of the set of protruding locking elements and locking recesses prevents the engagement lock from being broken without authorization or opened by means of a hammer or by drilling or rotating, and further the presence of the co-operating and mating locking elements and locking recesses concealed within the second member prevents the engagement lock from being converted by tampering from an unauthorized opening non-blocking engagement lock into an unauthorized opening blocking engagement lock which may in some cases be successfully opened by unauthorized breaking or opening the engagement lock by drilling. 
     Consequently, the thief or the fraudulent person may try to break open the engagement lock where it cannot be seen, e.g. by drilling or hammering it apart, but according to the present invention using the protruding locking element on the one member and locking recesses on the other member (or vice versa) renders it impossible to break open the engagement lock by drilling or hammering. Accordingly, the present invention provides that the engagement lock cannot be broken in a position of the engagement lock, which is concealed by the locking ring of the container. 
     According to the presently preferred embodiment of the engagement lock according to the above first or second aspect of the present invention, the first number is preferably 1-9, such as 2-6, and most preferably 4, and the first and the second numbers are identical. Furthermore, according to the presently preferred embodiment of the engagement lock according to the first and the second aspect of the present invention, the protruding locking elements are preferably equidistantly spaced, allowing the engagement lock to be closed and locked in more than a single mutual orientation between the first and the second members of the engagement lock. 
     For allowing the engagement lock to be easily opened according to the intentional and authorised opening, the first member is preferably provided between its first and second end with a third number of annular grooves perpendicular to the axis of the first member for providing lines of weakness. 
     In order to be able to track goods in the container, which e.g. travels by ship for several months, it is of the utmost importance that the engagement lock is uniquely coded for later identification. 
     According to the present invention the engagement lock is provided with an identification element rendering it possible later on to detect if the engagement lock has been switched to another engagement lock. For example, prior to shipping or after filling the container it is written down which engagement lock the container is supplied with. 
     The identification element of the engagement lock may comprise any coding in visible or readable or invisible or unreadable form, e.g., a code which may be read in day light, or alternatively only when exposed to, e.g., UV-light. The identification element may comprise letters and/or integers, or alternatively comprise color identification comprising one or more colors or alternatively series of digits in combination with or constituting a unique code. 
     Alternatively, the identification element may comprise a RFID tag defining a unique code, or alternatively include a bar code defining a unique code. 
     The information contained or included in the identification element in visible or readable form or alternatively in invisible or unreadable form, preferably defines the identity of the manufacturer, a shipping agent, a handling agent or a carrier for identifying the container itself or any combination of the above information. 
     The identification element is preferably provided so as to be destroyed or be deteriorated provided an attempt is made of unauthorized opening or breaking open the engagement lock, such as hammering or drilling the engagement lock. 
     The identification element, consequently, is placed at the exterior of the second member and covering the major part of the second member so as to prevent a thief or a fraudulent person who may hold or draft the second member from attempting to open or break the engagement lock without in such an attempt deteriorating or ruining the identification element and thereby revealing that an unauthorized opening has been attempted. 
     According to alternative embodiments of the engagement lock according to the first and the second aspects of the present invention, the head is a conical head, a disc-shaped head, a spherical shaped head or a pyramid shaped head or a combination of the above geometrical configuration or any other relevant geometrical configuration. 
     The present invention according to a third aspect of the present invention further relates to a method of locking a container with locking rings comprising the step of providing an engagement lock including anti-rotational elements and preferably implemented in accordance with the above discussed first and second aspect of the present invention such as protruding locking elements and locking recesses. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The present invention is now to be further described with reference to the drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective and schematic view of a first and presently preferred embodiment of an engagement lock according to the present invention, 
         FIG. 2  is a perspective and schematic view of the engagement lock shown in  FIG. 1  when used according to its intentional purpose, 
         FIG. 3  is a vertical sectional view of the engagement lock shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , 
         FIG. 4  is a perspective and exploded view of the engagement lock shown in  FIGS. 1 and 3 , 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic and sectional view of a part of an engagement lock shown in  FIGS. 1-4 , 
         FIGS. 6 ,  7  and  8  are perspective, schematic and partly broken away views of alternative embodiments of the engagement lock, and 
         FIG. 9  is a perspective and schematic view of the engagement lock shown in  FIGS. 1-5  when used for locking together two parts of a container. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Throughout the figures the same reference numerals indicate identical elements or components. In the present specification, components or elements identical to components or elements, respectively, described previously with reference to a preceding figure are designated the same reference numerals and components or elements differing from previously described components or elements, respectively, however serving the same overall purpose, are designated the same integer as the previously described component or element. 
     In  FIG. 1 , a presently preferred embodiment of an engagement lock is shown designated the reference numeral  10 . The engagement lock  10  comprises two members  20  and  30  which are adapted to automatic interlocking after the first member  20  which is in the form of a rod-shaped body, has been partly introduced into a cavity of the second member  30 . The engagement lock  10  is used for locking a container for the transport of goods. The first member  20  comprises a rod-shaped elongate body which defines a first end  21  and a second end  22 . The first end  21  constitutes the insertion end and defines a reduced diameter part as compared to the intermediate part of the first member which intermediate part constitutes a shaft and connects the first end  21  to the second end  22 . At the second end  22 , a head  24  of considerably longer diameter than the first end  21  and the intermediate part of the first member  20  is provided. The intermediate part or shaft is designated the reference numeral  25  and is provided with circumferentially extending recesses  28  for the purpose of guiding a cutting tool such as a strong scissors or shears which are used for cutting open the engagement lock  10 . 
     At the first end  21  of the first member  20 , a circumferential recess  23  is provided which serves the purpose of co-operating with a locking ring of the second member  30  in the locking or arresting of the first member  20  relative to the second member  30  as is known in the art per se. 
     For preventing turning or rotation of the first member  20  relative to the second member  30  after the first end  21  has been introduced into the above-mentioned cavity of the second member  30  and locked relative to the second member  30  by means of the above-mentioned locking ring, a set of outwardly protruding locking elements or locking ridges  26  is provided. The locking elements or ridges  26  are received in corresponding locking recesses provided at the inner surface of the cavity of the second member  30  as will be described below for preventing the unintentional rotation of the first member  20  relative to the second member  30 . The purpose of providing the locking elements or ridges  26  co-operating with corresponding recesses at the inner surface of the cavity of the second member  30  is basically to prevent any unauthorized opening of the engagement lock by a thief or a fraudulent person as it has been realized that some of the prior art engagement locks may be opened without authorization by connecting a drilling machine to the head of the engagement lock and rotating the one member similar to the member  20  of the engagement lock  10  causing the locking between the one member similar to the first member  20  of the engagement lock to be disconnected from its intentional locking to the member corresponding to the member  30 . 
     The presence of the locking element  26  at the first end or insertion end  21  of the first member  20  co-operating with similarly configurated recesses at the surface of the inner cavity of the second member  30  is contemplated to improve the safety and to dramatically reduce the possibility that a thief or a fraudulent person may gain access to a container which is locked by means of the engagement lock  10  by unauthorized opening of the engagement lock  10 . 
     In  FIG. 2 , two plates  12  and  14  constituting two co-operating rings of a closure of a container are located juxtaposed one another and the first member  20  of the engagement lock  10  is introduced through a hole or an aperture  30 A of the one plate  14  and further through a similar hole or aperture of the plate  12 , and from the opposite side of the assembly of the two plates  12  and  14 , the second member  30  is joined with the first member  10  as the first end or insertion end  21  of the first member  10  of the engagement lock is introduced into the inner cavity of the second member  30  and causing the first member  20  to lock the second member  30  of the engagement lock  10 . 
     In  FIG. 3 , the assembly composed of the first member  20  and the second member  30  of the engagement lock  10  is shown in greater details in a vertical sectional view illustrating a metal core  27  of the first member  20  which metal core  27  is covered by a plastics coating of covering  29  which is molded to the metal core  27  and provides the circumferential recesses  28 . 
     In  FIG. 4 , the first member  20  of the engagement lock  10  is shown and the second member  30  of the engagement lock  10  is further shown in exploded view disclosing in greater details the structure of the member. 
     The second member  30  comprises a metal bushing  31  having an inner surface defining the above described cavity, which surface is designated by the reference numeral  32 . In the surface  32 , a plurality of recesses  33  are provided serving the purpose of receiving the locking elements or locking ridges  26  of the reduced diameter insertion end  21  of the first member  20  when the first member  20  is locked to the second member  30 . The second member  30  further comprises a plug  34  which is received within the metal bushing  31  and which supports, as evident from  FIG. 5 , the above-mentioned locking ring  35 . The second member  30  further comprises, similar to the outer cover  29  of the first member, an outer cover  36 . 
     In  FIG. 5 , a schematic and vertical sectional view of the second member  30  is shown disclosing in greater details the plug  34  and the locking ring  35 . 
     It is to be realized that the above described first and presently preferred embodiment of the engagement lock according to the present invention may be modified in numerous ways, e.g., by shifting the locking elements for the first member  20  to the second member  30 , and, in the alternative, by providing locking recesses at the insertion end of the first member  20 . 
     Furthermore, in the above described first and presently preferred embodiment of the engagement lock, a total of four locking elements  26  and similarly a total of four recesses  33  of the metal bushing  31  are provided, however, in an alternative embodiment, e.g. eight or twelve recesses may be provided in the metal bushing  31 , allowing the first end  21  of the first member  20  to be inserted into the second member  30  in more than four distinct orientations such as eight or twelve distinct orientations. 
     Furthermore, the number of co-operating locking elements or ridges and locking recesses of the first and second members  20  or  30  or, alternatively, according to the above described alternative embodiment of the second member and the first member  30  and  20 , respectively, may be altered as only a single locking element need to be present for providing the feature characteristic of the present invention of preventing rotation of the first member of the engagement lock relative to the second member of the engagement lock. Further alternatively, any number of co-operating locking elements or locking recesses may be present such as 2-9 sets, e.g. 3, 5, 7, 8 or as discussed above, preferably a total of 4 co-operating locking elements or locking recesses. 
     Apart from the number and the location of the co-operating locking elements and locking recesses, the geometry of the structure of the two members  20  or  30  of the engagement lock may be modified, as, for instance, the head  24  of the engagement lock may be differently configured as illustrated in  FIGS. 6-8 , as in  FIG. 6  a variant of the head of the first member of the engagement lock is shown, which head ( 24 ′) differs from the above described head  24  in that the head  24 ′ has a conical cross-sectional configuration. Alternatively, as is illustrated in  FIG. 7 , the head  24 ″ may constitute a plain circular cylindrical plate, or further alternatively, as is illustrated in  FIG. 8 , the head  24 ′″ may constitute a sphere. 
     In  FIG. 9 . the intentional use of the engagement lock  10  is shown as the lock is used for locking the plate  14  constituting a bracket of a container to a plate  12  of the same container for locking and sealing the door of the container, and consequently preventing any unauthorized opening of the door of the container. 
     Although the above description includes the disclosure of a specific and presently preferred embodiment of the engagement lock according to the present invention, and although specific variants or alternative embodiments are described, numerous additional variants or alternatives may be readily produced by a person having skill in the art, and such variants or embodiments are to be construed part of the present invention as defined in the appending patent claims.