Abstract:
A filter that separates and adapts to the volume of rainwater based on the adaptability of the variations of the volume of rain, being self-cleaning and eliminating the debris from the piping, made of a pipe ( 3 ) connected by the entrance ( 4 ) and to the filter that separates and adapts to rainwater&#39;s volume. Here the filters ( 10 ), ( 11 ) and ( 13 ) move, programmed by the calibrator ( 5 ), to adapt and absorb the largest volume of rain possible ( 6 ), eliminating the rubbish ( 15 ) through the exit ( 14 ) and guiding the water ( 6 ) to the exit ( 7 ).

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention refers to a filter separator and adapter for rainwater volume, which captures, separates and adapts to the amount of rainfall recovered from roofs, roof tops and large areas where rain is collected, which, thanks its special innovative features, construction, and use, manages to stand out in a most practical and efficient way. 
     The filter separator and adaptor for rainwater volume separates and deflects debris, while having a characteristic of being able to adjust, move and adapt to capture the many variations of rainfall volume, while also being able to eliminate all surface waste from the system which is larger than its mesh dimensions, accurately eliminating impurities which are caught in catchments, while at the same time aiming to improve development of the next stages of equipment that may eventually come to be used. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The water from first rainfalls has a high concentration of dirt that has accumulated over time, which is carried by rain to the collection system, causing damage to its equipment, its components and possibly to the health of those who consume this water. 
     There are currently several processes to gather and reuse rainwater. In the simplest processes, the first rainwater is collected directly by the cistern, and in other processes, is diverted manually until appearing clean to the naked eye, and then redirected immediately to the point of use. 
     In places where technology is available, multiple filter models are used which grasp leaves, small animals, and waste in their mesh, which may become dirty and clogged, and therefore unable to fully absorb the water since these systems are not self-cleaning. Other systems, although they are self-cleaning, cause wasting of water because they do not adapt to rain volume. As such, they do not capture the total flow of rainwater. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     With a view of solving the problems mentioned above, as well as many other existing problems, and in order to overcome them, a filter separator and adapter was developed for rainwater volume, object of the present invention, which has features that allow improved absorption of rainwater, which provides better use. The present invention is also self-cleaning, which prevents the concentration of waste and eliminates the risk of contamination of the water. 
     This filter has the special feature of being able to adapt to peaks and variations in rainfall and rain volume by moving, expanding or contracting, thereby eliminating in this process all extraneous debris, and far exceeds the rain catchment capabilities of existing traditional systems. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The filter separator and adapter for rainwater volume, object of the present invention, may be better understood from the following detailed description, in accordance with the attached figures. 
         FIGS. 1 ,  2  and  3  show a lateral view with an indication of water in the system design in order to compose the utility model patent. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The filter separator and adaptor for rainwater volume comprises a set of parts, wherein incoming rainwater  3  from catchments or collectors such as roofs, roofing, etc., passes through a duct, which directs the flow of rainwater to the filter separator and adapter for rainwater volume  8 . The collected rainwater  3  mingles with waste, formed by debris, dirt, etc., deposited over time on the collectors, passes through a rainwater inlet  4 , to enter into the filter separator and adapter  8 . The rainwater inlet  4  is connected to a filtering device comprising three filter elements; first, second and third filter elements ( 10 ,  11 ,  13 ), which are connected together in this sequence. A waste outlet  14  is connected to the third filter element  13 . The first, second and third filter elements ( 10 ,  11 ,  13 ) have walls made of a screen mesh which allows the rainwater  3  to pass through the interstices of the mesh, and a flow of filtered rainwater  6  drops into the bottom of the filter separator and adapter for rainwater volume  8 , where it is drained by a filtered rainwater outlet  7 . The continuous flow of rainwater  3  urges waste  15  retained inside the first, second and third filter elements ( 10 ,  11 ,  13 ) towards the waste outlet  14 , where it is discarded. A small volume of discarded water  16  which is mingled with waste  15  is also discarded. The first filter  10  and the third filter  13  can articulate, expand or retract according to the flow rate of rainwater  3  passing through them. A tilting calibrator  5  is provided in the upper part of the second filter element  11 , and is pivotally connected to an end of a rod  9 . The other end of the rod  9  is pivotally connected to the upper part of the filter separator and adapter for rainwater volume  8 . The assembly formed by the tilting calibrator  5 , rod  9  and the first, second and third filter elements ( 10 ,  11 ,  13 ) is designed to adapt to the flowrate of rainwater  3 , according to its calibration. 
     During periods of heavy peak rainfall, the second filter ( 11 ) which is attached to the rod, ( 9 ) adapts to the flow of water through changes in its angle of inclination  12 , thereby expanding the filters ( 10 ) and ( 13 ), and increasing their filtering area to filter the maximum possible volume of rainwater  3 . See  FIGS. 1 ,  2  and  3  respectively associated with increased rain flow. 
     The position of the first, second and third filter elements ( 10 ,  11 ,  13 ) is initially calculated to facilitate expulsion of waste  15  from the filtering device. The first, second and third filter elements ( 10 ,  11 ,  13 ) have a steeper slope when there is a weak rainfall which facilitates the exit of waste  15  ( FIG. 1 ). This position changes in proportion to the increase of rain, moving to the position of  FIG. 2 , and may gradually reach the position of  FIG. 3 , depending on the flow of rainfall, by tilting, in order to yield the maximum filtering of rainwater. When the flow of rainwater  3  reduces, at a later time, the second filter  11  starts to return to the initial programmed position, and the first and third filters ( 10 ,  13 ) begin to collapse, proportionally increasing the angle of inclination  12  of the second filter element  11 . Consequently, waste  15  is disposed containing a smaller volume of discarded water  16  ( FIG. 1 ). 
     Even when the filtering device is tilted as in  FIG. 3 , as a consequence of a heavy flowrate of rainwater  3 , all waste  15  will be expelled from the filtering device. The second filter element  11 , as mentioned above, will always be in a flat or tilted position which is commanded by the flowrate of rainwater. 
     The shape and the mobility of the first, second and third filter elements ( 10 ,  11 ,  13 ), and the fact they have permeable walls, enable them to filter higher volumes of rainfall, even with abrupt changes, as compared with existing rainwater filters, which squander a much higher volume of rainwater. Moreover, as waste is totally expelled from the first, second and third filter elements ( 10 ,  11 ,  13 ), their capacity to filter rainwater is maintained for longer periods of time. 
     Filtering devices that do not have these characteristics waste a substantial part of the rainwater. Therefore, the filter separator and adapter for rainwater volume  8  provides a greater advantage in the art. The tilting calibrator  5  enables the adjustment and tilting of the second filter element  11 , and consequently the retractable/expandable first and third filter elements ( 10 ,  13 ), according to the flow rate of rainwater  3  passing through them. The position where the rod  9  is pivotally connected to the second filter element  11  can be altered, to adjust to the flowrate of rainwater. Debris, dirt, leaves, insects, lizards or the like, which form the waste urged by the rainwater into the filter separator and adapter for rainwater volume  8 , are always discarded through the waste outlet  14 . Consequently, any piece of equipment which uses the filtered rainwater provided by the filter separator and adapter for rainwater volume  8  will not be hampered from operating by any waste. 
     The first, second and third filter elements ( 10 ,  11 ,  13 ) of the filter separator and adapter for rainwater volume  8  are fundamental for the safe operation of the system, as they prevent any waste from entering into water reservoirs or the like. Rainwater  3  is filtered, a flow of filtered water  6  is provided and drained through filtered water outlet  7 , and waste  15  is discarded through waste outlet  14  with a small volume of discarded water  16 . 
     Since waste is eliminated, losses are avoided to the system and to those who use it.