Abstract:
A moisture detector is presented which uses the effects of moisture on the chemistry and electrical conductivity of drywall material. Conducting probes are installed in a drywall material and the level of electric current between the probes is monitored and correlated with the concentration of moisture in the drywall material along a path between the probes.

Description:
FIELD OF INVENTION 
     The invention relates to the field of moisture detection, and specifically to the detection of moisture in drywall material. 
     BACKGROUND OF INVENTION 
     The issue of mold contamination in residential and commercial buildings is quickly surpassing led-based paint and asbestos as one the real estate industry&#39;s most vexing and, potentially, costly problems. While legal claims for toxic mold contamination were virtually unheard of a few years ago, litigation relating to such contamination is dramatically on the rise throughout the country. 
     Virtually every mold expert is in agreement that the best way to prevent mold growth is to prevent water contamination. Within 48 hours after moisture has permeated drywall material, mold spores will begin to grow and colonize. Once water intrusion has occurred, early identification of the problem and a quick response are the only way to insure the maintenance of a healthy indoor environment. Presently, it is virtually impossible to observe the condition of the hidden surfaces of drywall, which are located within a building&#39;s wall cavities, absent an intrusion into or removal of a portion of the drywall material, or by visiting a potentially contaminated site and performing tests manually. Consequently, a need exists for a device that will continuously monitor and immediately detect (and give warning of) the intrusion of moisture into drywall and on its hidden surfaces. 
     SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     The present invention describes an apparatus and method for detecting moisture in drywall material, using the effect of moisture on the chemistry and electrical conductivity of drywall material. Two conducting probes separated by a gap are installed in drywall material. A battery supplied voltage difference is applied between the two conducting probes. The level of electric current between the probes is monitored and correlates with the concentration of moisture in the drywall material along a path between the probes. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a moisture/mold detector according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The invention is an electrical instrument designed specifically to monitor and detect moisture (primarily water) on the surfaces of walls inside the wall cavities of buildings, as well as within the walls themselves, for the purpose of alerting the residents or occupants therein of a potential for the growth of molds. Presently, said inside wall surfaces and wall interiors are, for the most part, impossible to observe absent an intrusion into or removal of a portion of the walls. As used herein, the term “drywall” refers to the material used in the construction of buildings, commonly known as drywall, wallboard, Sheetrock, or gypsum board (gypboard), with hydrous calcium sulphate as a main ingredient. 
     FIG.1 illustrates a moisture/mold detector according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The instrument consists of a resistive electrical system  101  housed in a small insulated container  102  that is connected to and communicating with two metal, needle-like, probes  103  protruding from one side of the container&#39;s moisture-proof exterior. The probes are connected together by electronic circuitry and are powered by a battery  104 . Optimally, the circuitry is also connected to a low voltage warning light  105  or sound signal  106  (such as an intermittent beeper), or both, located on the opposite side of the instrument from the probes. However, said light and signal can also be detached from the instrument and activated on a remote basis by an electrical transmitter. The probes  103  are separated by a gap of approximately ¼ to ½ inch and run parallel to each other. The instrument is designed primarily to have the probes  103  pushed into drywall  107  so that they pass through the entire width of the wall and slightly (not more than ½ inch) protrude through the inside wall surface  108 . The probes  103  can also be placed through harder materials covering the drywall  107 , such as tile and wood, simply by drilling holes through such materials in order to expose the drywall surface below. (Likewise, the device can also be used to detect moisture on the non-vertical, hidden surfaces of ceilings that are constructed with drywall material. However, its novelty is its unique ability to detect moisture and dripping or flowing water on and in vertical walls.) 
     Once in place, the resistance of the drywall  107  material prevents an electrical connection from occurring, unless the drywall  107  material becomes moist between and around the two probes  103 . Once moisture reaches a sufficient level, the chemical combination of the moisture and the drywall  107  material constitute an efficient basic conductor that effectively reduces the resistance and allows an electrical current to pass between the two probes  103 . The current is then amplified and measured. When the level of electrical current reaches a designated value, the instrument triggers the warning light  105  or the sound signal  106 , or both. In addition, the mere presence of surface moisture on the inside (or hidden) wall surface  108 , which sufficiently flows between and around the two protruding points on the probes  103 , can also provide enough conductivity to complete the electrical connection for purposes of triggering the warning light  105  or sound signal  106 . The novelty of the electrical instrument is in its use of a resistance-based electrical application, which also utilizes the unique chemical composition of drywall and the change in its conductivity based on the concentration of moisture therein, to monitor moisture inside the walls of buildings and on their hidden surfaces for the specific purpose of preventing the growth of molds thereon once moisture has been detected. 
     Foregoing described embodiments of the invention are provided as illustrations and descriptions. They are not intended to limit the invention to precise form described. In particular, it is contemplated that functional implementation of invention described herein may be implemented equivalently in hardware, software, firmware, and/or other available functional components or building blocks. Other variations and embodiments are possible in light of above teachings, and it is thus intended that the scope of invention not be limited by this Detailed Description, but rather by Claims following.