Abstract:
A rotary printing press has a folding station where the printed web is perforated both transversely and longitudinally in order to expedite subsequent folding thereof into signatures. In order to incorporate a longitudinal perforator into the folding station without adding to its size, a longitudinally perforating blade similar to a circular saw is mounted to a blade carrier shaft which is rotatably supported opposite a feed roller by which the web is frictionally fed into and through the folding station. An annular, longitudinally grooved anvil is formed circumferentially on the feed roller for engaging the longitudinally perforating blade via the web being thereby perforated. The longitudinally perforating blade is movable with the blade carrier shaft into and out of perforating engagement with the anvil on the feed roller.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0002]    This invention relates generally to printing presses, to web-fed printing presses, and to improvements in the construction of a folding station customarily appended to a web-fed printing press for cutting and folding the printed web into multiple-page signatures. More particularly, the invention deals with a perforator incorporated in the folding station for creating a series of incisions longitudinally and medially of the web description of the Prior Art, in order to expedite the subsequent folding of the web.  
           [0003]    2. Description of the Prior Art  
           [0004]    The art of longitudinally perforating the printed web of paper, and folding the same along the series of perforations, at the folding station (shown in FIG. 1 of the drawings attached hereto) of the rotary printing press has been known and practiced extensively. Japanese Patent No. 3,034,702 represents a typical prior art device directed to the art, teaching use of a pair of cylinders placed opposite each other via the web. One of the cylinders carries a perforating tool, a sawtooth-edged perforating blade of annular shape arranged circumferentially thereon, and the other a bed or anvil with a groove therein to receive the sawtooth edge of the perforating blade via the web. The opposed pair of the blade cylinder and anvil cylinder are positioned between a former, by which the printed web is doubled along its longitudinal centerline, and an opposed pair of a folding cylinder and jaw cylinder by which the doubled web is cut transversely and again folded into eight-page signatures.  
           [0005]    This prior art device is objectionable, among other reasons, for its large space requirement. Placed as above between the former and the folding and jaw cylinders, the blade cylinder and anvil cylinder make the folding station, and therefore the complete printing press system, inordinately bulky.  
           [0006]    This drawback is absent from Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-114,048, which suggests use of one blade cylinder and one anvil cylinder for both transversely and longitudinally perforating the web. The singular blade cylinder carries on its surface both a transversely perforating blade, which extends linearly along the cylinder axis, and a longitudinally perforating blade of annular shape extending circumferentially. The singular anvil cylinder has formed on its surface both an anvil of linear shape for the transversely perforating blade, and another anvil of annular shape for the longitudinally perforating blade. The web is therefore perforated both transversely and longitudinally as it passes between these dual blade cylinder and dual anvil cylinder.  
           [0007]    Although so simple and compact in construction, this second prior art device has a serious inconvenience arising from the fact that not all the printings are necessarily perforated longitudinally besides being perforated transversely. The longitudinally perforating blade must therefore be detached from the blade cylinder when the web needs only transverse perforation, and remounted when it needs both transverse and longitudinal perforations.  
           [0008]    Japanese Patent No. 3,166,087 utilizes preexisting feed roller means which lie between the noted former and the noted pair of folding cylinder and jaw cylinder in order to feed the web into and through the folding station. The feed roller means include one feed roller and, held against this feed roller, a pair of nip rollers of smaller size which are mounted on a common shaft with an axial spacing therebetween. A longitudinally perforating blade is mounted on the nip roller shaft, and an associated anvil on the drive roller.  
           [0009]    An objection to this patent concerns the fact that the nip roller pair together with their supporting shaft are jointly movable toward and away from the drive roller in order to adjust to the variable thickness of the web traveling therebetween. As a result, according to this prior art device, the longitudinally perforating blade on the nip roller shaft incised the web to a variable depth depending upon the thickness of the web, sometimes failing to create perforations of sufficient size for the web to be subsequently folded correctly.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0010]    The present invention has it as an object to incorporate a longitudinal web perforator into the folding station of a web-fed printing press without adding to the size of the machine.  
           [0011]    Another object of the invention is to make it unnecessary to dismount, and subsequently remount, the longitudinal web perforator in cases where the web does not need longitudinal perforation.  
           [0012]    Still another object of the invention is to make the longitudinal web perforator independently adjustable to the variable thickness of the web, always cutting sufficiently deep into it in order to assure infallible folding of the web along the perforations.  
           [0013]    Stated in its perhaps broadest aspect, this invention concerns an apparatus for longitudinally perforating a paper web or like material at a folding station of a rotary printing press. Included is a rotary, longitudinally perforating blade rotatably supported opposite a feed roller which forms part of feed means for feeding the web into and through the folding station. An anvil is formed on the feed roller for engaging the perforating blade via the web being thereby perforated. The perforating blade is moved by retractor means into and out of perforating engagement with the anvil on the feed roller.  
           [0014]    In a preferred embodiment the feed means additionally include a pair of nip rollers movable into and out of rolling engagement with the feed roller via the web in positions spaced apart from each other axially of the feed roller. Positioned between this pair of nip rollers, the perforating blade is mounted to a rotary blade carrier shaft for joint travel therewith into and out of perforating engagement with the anvil on the feed roller, totally independently of the feed means.  
           [0015]    Thus the longitudinal perforator means according to the invention are compactly incorporated with the preexisting web feed means without adding to the size of the folding station. The perforating blade itself is nevertheless movable toward and away from the feed roller independently of the pair of nip rollers and associated means. Consequently, although the nip rollers may vary their positions relative to the feed roller according to the thickness of the web, the blade can be urged by the retractor means toward the feed roller to incise the web thickness to a required depth. The web of variable thickness will therefore be invariably perforated and folded properly.  
           [0016]    The longitudinally perforating blade must be retracted away from the feed roller not only when the web is threaded through the folding station preliminary to each printing assignment, but, as has been mentioned, when the web does not need longitudinal perforation. Employed for blade retraction in the preferred embodiment of the invention are a pair of fluid-actuated cylinders under the control of a solenoid valve, so that all that the operator has to do is to actuate this valve as by the manipulation of a hand switch.  
           [0017]    The above and other objects, features and advantages of this invention and the manner of realizing them will become more apparent, and the invention itself will best be understood, from a study of the following description and appended claims, with reference had to the attached drawings showing the preferred embodiment of the invention. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0018]    [0018]FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the known folding station of a web-fed printing press suitable for incorporating the longitudinally perforating means according to the invention;.  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view, with a part shown broken away to reveal other parts, of part of the folding station incorporating a preferred form of longitudinal web perforator means according to the present invention;  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 3 is a top plan of the showing of FIG. 2;  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 4 is a vertical section taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3, showing the longitudinally perforating blade in its working position for perforating the web in cooperation with the anvil on the feed roller;  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 5 is a side elevation of the showing of FIG. 2, seen in the direction of the arrow V therein; and  
         [0023]    [0023]FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 4 except that the longitudinally perforating blade is shown retracted away from the feed roller.  
     
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
     Folding Station  
       [0024]    It will redound to a full appreciation of the advantages of the instant invention to show and describe the general configuration of the folding station of a web-fed printing press. FIG. 1 shows the printed web of paper W traveling down the folding station F. Positioned most upstream of the folding station F is a former  37  by which the web W is longitudinally doubled over itself. The doubled web W passes via a pair of feed rollers  38  to a transverse perforator  40  comprising a transverse perforating blade cylinder  40   a  and an associated anvil cylinder  40   b . As the web W passes between these cylinders  40   a  and  40   b , the transverse perforator  40  creates successive rows of perforations transversely of the web at constant longitudinal spacings. The web W is to be subsequently folded again along these transverse perforations into eight-page signatures.  
         [0025]    Disposed downstream of the transverse perforator  40 , a cutter/folder mechanism  39  comprises a cutting cylinder  39   a  for cutting the folded web W into successive predetermined lengths of individual sections and pushing each section along its perforated median line off the cylinder surface. A jaw cylinder  39   b  is positioned opposite the cutting cylinder  39   a  for receiving the pushed midpart of each section and creasing and folding the same along the transverse perforations into an eight-page signature. The successive eight-page signatures are deposited as at  41  on a conveyor  42  extending horizontally from under the jaw cylinder  39   b , thereby to be transported to a subsequent processing station.  
         [0026]    For further folding the eight-page signatures into sixteen-page ones, there is provided a chopper folder  43  over the conveyor  42 . The chopper folder  43  includes a folding blade  43   a  which acts on the successive eight-page signatures  41  on the conveyor  42  into sixteen-page ones. This folding into sixteen-page signatures requires that the web be previously perforated longitudinally somewhere between former  37  and cutter/folder mechanism  39 .  
       Embodiment of the Invention  
       [0027]    The construction of the folding station F as so far described with reference to FIG. 1 is conventional, and therein lies no feature of the instant invention. The invention particularly concerns means incorporated in the folding station F for longitudinally perforating the folded web W in order to enable the same to be subsequently cut and further folded twice as above into sixteen-page signatures. FIGS.  2 - 6  are all directed to show how such longitudinally perforating means are built into the folding station F.  
         [0028]    It will be observed from FIGS.  2 - 4  that the web W, previously doubled over itself by the former as in FIG. 1, is therein shown traveling down its predefined path between a pair of confronting framing walls  35  and  36 . Mounted between these framing walls  35  and  36  are web feed means WF comprising a feed roller  1  and a pair of nip rollers  5  and  5   a  for feeding the web W downwardly. Transverse perforator means TP are conventionally provided downstream of the web feed means WF for cutting transverse rows of perforations  34   a , FIG. 2, in the web W at constant spacings. The transverse perforator mean TP include a blade cylinder  25  and anvil cylinder  27  on opposite sides of the predefined web path.  
         [0029]    Positioned in close proximity of the web feed means WF are longitudinal perforator means LP forming the gist of this invention. For creating a longitudinal row of perforations  34   b , FIG. 2, centrally in the web W, the longitudinal perforator means LP include a sawtoothed perforating blade  11  and an anvil or bed  3  on the feed roller  1 . The longitudinally perforating blade  11  rotates in synchronism with the transverse perforator means TP by being driven therefrom via drive linkage means seen at D in FIGS. 2, 3 and  5 . Further the longitudinally perforating blade  11  is angularly displaceable by retractor means R into and out of perforating engagement with the web W. When retracted, the longitudinally perforating blade  11  permits the web W to be threaded between itself and the feed roller  1 .  
         [0030]    Hereinafter in this specification the above listed web feed means WF, transverse perforator means TP, longitudinal perforator means LP, drive linkage means D, and longitudinal perforator retractor means R will be explained in more detail, in that order and under separate headings. Comprehensive operational description will follow the detailed explanation of the listed means.  
       Web Feed Means  
       [0031]    With reference to FIGS.  2 - 4  the web feed means include the feed roller  1  rotatably supported between the pair of framing walls  35  and  36 , and the pair of nip rollers  5  and  5   a  for pressing the web W against the feed roller  1  in positions spaced axially of the feed roller. The feed roller  1  has a pair of trunnions projecting from its opposite ends and rotatably journaled in the framing walls  35  and  36 . One of the trunnions has an extension projecting outwardly of the wall  35  and having a timing belt pulley  4  mounted fast thereon. A timing belt  28  extends over this pulley and a drive pulley, not shown, to impart rotation to the feed roller  1 .  
         [0032]    The pair of nip rollers  5  and  5   a  are rotatably mounted each at one end of a pair of parallel levers  6  or  6   a  (hereinafter referred to as the nip roller levers). Medially pivoted on a crossbeam  7  extending between the pair of walls  35  and  36 , the two pairs of levers  6  and  6   a  have their other ends pivotally coupled respectively to the piston rods  8  and  8   a  of fluid-actuated cylinders  9  and  9   a  (hereinafter referred to as the nip roller cylinders). These nip roller cylinders  9  and  9   a  have their head ends pivotally coupled to brackets  10  and  10   a  on the walls  35  and  36 , respectively, so that the pair of nip rollers  5  and  5   a  are angularly displaceable toward and away from the feed roller  1  with the extension and contraction of the nip roller cylinders.  
         [0033]    It is understood that, upon extension of the nip roller cylinders  9  and  9   a  to cause retraction of the nip rollers  5  and  5   a , either the nip roller levers  6  and  6   a  or the nip roller cylinder piston rods  8  and  8   a  come into abutment against limit stops, not shown, on the framing walls  35  and  36  to limit the retraction of the nip rollers. The nip rollers  5  and  5   a  should be so retracted to such an extent as to be spaced from the feed roller  1  a sufficient distance for the web W to be threaded therethrough preparatory to printing. Then, upon contraction of the nip roller cylinders  9  and  9   a , the nip rollers  5  and  5   a  will travel back to their working position, urging the web W against the feed roller  1  under pressure from the nip roller cylinders. The web W will be frictionally fed downwardly through the folding station as the feed roller  1  is driven via the timing belt  28 .  
       Transverse Perforator Means  
       [0034]    Themselves conventional in the art, the transverse perforator means TP include the blade cylinder  25  and anvil cylinder  27  which are both rotatably supported by and between the pair of framing walls  35  and  36 . The blade cylinder  25  underlies the feed roller  1 , as best shown in FIG. 4, and the anvil cylinder  27  is positioned opposite the blade cylinder  25  via the web W. The blade cylinder  25  has mounted thereon a transversely perforating blade  24  extending parallel to the cylinder axis. The anvil cylinder  27  has formed thereon a grooved bed or anvil  26  for receiving the blade  24  on the blade cylinder  25  via the web W.  
         [0035]    Thus, as the blade cylinder  25  and the anvil cylinder  27  rotate in the directions indicated by the arrows in FIG. 4, the web W will be perforated transversely at constant spacings. FIG. 2 shows at  34   a  one such row of transverse perforations that have been cut in the web W. It is understood that the blade cylinder  25  and anvil cylinder  27  are driven at the same peripheral velocity as the feed roller  1  in order to assure smooth travel of the web W.  
       Longitudinal Perforator Means  
       [0036]    Reference may be had to FIGS.  2 - 4  and  6  for the following description of the longitudinal perforator means LP. Employed for creating the longitudinal row of perforations  34   b  in the web W as in FIG. 2 is the noted sawtoothed perforating blade  11  of annular shape concentrically mounted fast to a disclike blade holder  12  together with a blade retainer  12   a . The perforating blade  11  may be either of one-piece construction or a combination of two or more discrete sectors. The blade holder  12  is nonrotatably mounted to a blade carrier shaft  13  extending parallel to the feed roller  1 . The blade carrier shaft  13  has its opposite ends rotatably journaled in bearings on a pair of swing arms  16  and  16   a  which are pivoted respectively on the pair of trunnions  27   a  of the anvil cylinder  27  of the transverse perforator means TP. The perforating blade  11  is therefore angularly displaceable with the carrier shaft  13  into and out of perforating engagement with the web W. Further the perforating blade  11  is to rotate with the blade carrier shaft  13  relative to the swing arms  16  and  16   a , by being driven by the drive linkage means D to be detailed subsequently.  
         [0037]    The present invention makes use of the feed roller  1  as anvil cylinder against which the web W is perforated by the longitudinal perforating blade  11 . To this end the feed roller has the aforesaid annular bed or anvil  3 , complete with a groove  3   a  extending throughout its length, formed circumferentially on the feed roller surface for engaging the sawtoothed edge of the perforating blade  11 .  
         [0038]    The longitudinally perforating blade  11  has a series of rather blunt-ended teeth  11   a . The pitch of these teeth  11   a  is an integral submultiple of the distance between any two neighboring ones of the transverse perforations  34   a  created in the web W. The web will be perforated longitudinally as the toothed blade  11  incises the same on entering the groove  3   a  in the anvil  3  on the feed roller  1 .  
       Drive Linkage Means  
       [0039]    The drive linkage means D from transverse perforator means TP to longitudinal perforator means LP appear in FIGS. 2, 3 and  5 . Employed for driving the longitudinally perforating blade  11  in synchronism with the transversely perforating blade and anvil cylinders  25  and  27  is a timing belt  29  on the outside of the framing wall  35 . The anvil cylinder  27  of the transverse perforator means TP has a trunnion  27   a  projecting outwardly of the framing wall  35 . A timing belt pulley  31  is mounted fast on this projecting end of the trunnion  27   a . Another such pulley  15  is mounted fast on the extension  14  of the longitudinally perforating blade carrier shaft  13  which also projects outwardly of the framing wall  35 . The timing belt  29  extends around these pulleys  15  and  31 . The timing belt  29  is tensed by a tension pulley  18  on a shaft  17  which is cantilevered to one,  16 , of the pair of swing arms  16  and  16   a  supporting the longitudinally perforating blade carrier shaft  13 .  
         [0040]    [0040]FIG. 5 best indicates that the framing wall  35  has an inverted-L-shaped slot  35   a  formed therein. Both the extension  14  of the longitudinally perforating blade carrier shaft  13  and the cantilever shaft  17  extend through this slot  35   a  with such clearance that the required pivotal motion of the pair of swing arms  16  and  16   a  is not in any way hampered by the drive means D.  
         [0041]    It is understood that the anvil cylinder  27  of the transverse perforator means TP is itself conventionally driven at the same peripheral velocity as the traveling speed of the web F. This rotation of the anvil cylinder is transmitted via the timing belt  29  to the carrier shaft  13  and thence to the longitudinally perforating blade  11 . The pulleys  15  and  31  are of the same diameter, tooth pitch, etc., so that the longitudinally perforating blade  11  will rotate at the same angular velocity as the anvil cylinder  27  of the transverse perforator means TP. Furthermore, the shortest distance between the axis of the longitudinally perforating blade  11  and the web W, when that blade is in the working position Q, FIGS. 3 and 4, is the same as that between the axis of the anvil cylinder  27  and the web.  
         [0042]    Consequently, driven by the drive means D, the longitudinally perforating blade  11  will create longitudinal perforations  34   b  in prescribed positional relationship to the transverse perforations  34   a . The longitudinal perforations  34   b  are to come into exact register when, after being perforated transversely and horizontally, the doubled web is cut into individual sheets, and the sheets folded into eight-page signatures along the transverse perforations  34   a . When the eight-page signatures are subsequently folded along the longitudinal perforations  34   b  into sixteen-page signatures, an adhesive may be impregnated through the longitudinal perforations which are registered at the folds, thereby bonding together all the pages of the signatures into book format.  
         [0043]    The required positional relationship between transverse perforations  34   a  and longitudinal perforations  34   b  is obtainable if the noted distance between the axis of the longitudinally perforating blade  11  and the web W differs from that between the axis of the anvil cylinder  27  and the web. In this case the drive means D may be modified to include pulleys of such relative diameters and tooth numbers that the peripheral speed of the longitudinally perforating blade  11  matches that of the anvil cylinder  27 .  
       Longitudinal Perforator Retractor Means  
       [0044]    The longitudinally perforating blade  11  is nonrotatably mounted as aforesaid on the blade carrier shaft  13  which in turn is rotatably supported by and between the distal ends of the pair of swing arms  16  and  16   a  on the pair of trunnions  27   a  of the anvil cylinder  27  of the transverse perforator means TP. Pivotally coupled respectively to these swing arms  16  and  16   a  are the piston rods  19  and  19   a  of a pair of fluid-actuated cylinders  20  and  20   a  which are seen in all of FIGS.  2 - 4  and  6 . These cylinders  20  and  20   a  will be hereinafter referred to as the longitudinal perforator cylinders in contradistinction from the nip roller cylinders  9  and  9   a . The longitudinal perforator cylinders  20  and  20   a  have their head ends pin-jointed to respective brackets  21  and  21   a  on the framing walls  35  and  36 .  
         [0045]    Thus, with the extension and contraction of the longitudinal perforator cylinders  20  and  20   a , the pair of swing arms  16  and  16   a  will swing about the axis of the anvil cylinder  27  together with the longitudinally perforating blade  11 . FIG. 4 shows the longitudinal perforator cylinders  20  and  20   a  fully extended, with the longitudinally perforating blade  11  urged to the working position Q in which its teeth  11   a  are received in the groove  3   a  in the anvil  3  on the feed roller  1  after penetrating the web W. It is understood that limit stops, not shown, are provided for limiting the swinging motion of the swing arms  16  and  16   a , or the extension of the longitudinal perforator cylinders  20  and  20   a , when the longitudinally perforating blade  11  arrives at the working position Q.  
         [0046]    In FIG. 6 are shown the longitudinal perforator cylinders  20  and  20   a  fully contracted to bring the longitudinally perforating blade  11  to the retracted position S, in which the blade is sufficiently spaced from the feed roller  1  for the web W to be threaded therebetween prior to printing. It is understood that limit stops, not shown, are also provided for limiting the swinging motion of the swing arms  16  and  16   a , or the contraction of the longitudinal perforator cylinders  20  and  20   a , when the blade  11  comes to the retracted position S.  
         [0047]    For such travel of the longitudinally perforating blade  11  between working position Q and retracted position S, the longitudinal perforator cylinders  20  and  20   a  may be placed in and out of communication with a pressurized fluid source and a fluid drain, both not shown, as by a solenoid valve. The solenoid valve is controllerable by an electric switch to be manipulated by the operator.  
       Operation  
       [0048]    The longitudinally perforating blade  11  must be retracted as in FIG. 6 for threading the web W through the folding station, and through the complete printing press, preparatory to printing. To this end the pair of longitudinal perforator cylinders  20  and  20   a  may be contracted thereby causing the pair of swing arms  16  and  16   a  to turn from their FIG. 4 position to that of FIG. 6. The pair of nip rollers  5  and  5   a  must also be retracted out of rolling engagement with the feed roller  1 . This retraction is possible by extending the pair of nip roller cylinders  9  and  9   a . The longitudinally perforating blade  11  may be retracted earlier than the pair of nip rollers  5  and  5   a , in order that the longitudinally perforating blade carrier shaft  13  may not interfere with the retraction of the nip rollers.  
         [0049]    Following the completion of web threading, the nip roller cylinders  9  and  9   a  may both be contracted thereby urging the nip rollers  5  and  5   a  against the feed roller  1  via the web W. As the printing press is subsequently set into operation, the printed web W will be fed into and through the folding station by the web feed means WF. The transverse perforator means TP will conventionally operate to create the transverse rows of perforations  34   a  in the web W at constant spacings longitudinally of the web.  
         [0050]    The operator may switch the unshown solenoid valve to cause extension of the longitudinal perforator cylinders  20  and  20   a . Thereupon the pair of swing arms  16  and  16   a  will travel from their FIG. 6 position to that of FIG. 4 thereby carrying the longitudinally perforating blade  11  into perforating engagement with the anvil  3  on the feed roller  1  via the web W. The blade  11  will then start perforating the web longitudinally. The longitudinal row of perforations  34   b  will extend through one of the spaces between the transverse rows of perforations  34   a .  
         [0051]    Notwithstanding the foregoing detailed disclosure it is not desired that the present invention be limited by the exact showing of the drawings or the description thereof. A variety of modifications or alterations will suggest themselves to one skilled in the art on the basis of this disclosure. Let us consider for example one of the most important functional features of the invention, that is, that the longitudinally perforating blade  11  is retractable independently of the pair of nip rollers  5  and  5   a . This objective is achieved in the illustrated embodiment by mounting the blade  11  on the blade carrier shaft  13  rotatably supported by and between the pair of swing arms  16  and  16   a . The same goal is attainable in various other ways such as by eccentrically mounting the blade carrier shaft  13  to the nip roller shaft  7  via a pair of eccentric bearings thereon.  
         [0052]    These and other modifications, substitutions and changes are intended in the foregoing disclosure. It is therefore appropriate that the present invention be construed broadly and in a manner consistent with the fair meaning or proper scope of the claims which follow.