Abstract:
An apparatus for changing a channel of a digital input stream includes decoding hardware for reinitializing video decoding variables and decoding video data in response to new data input from a video stream; and storage for video content of a channel of said buffer being displayed until said new data input from a vide stream by said video decoder and allocated to said buffer.

Description:
[0001]    This application claims the benefit, under 35 U.S.C. § 365 of International Application PCT/US2004/027697, filed Aug. 25, 2004, which was published in accordance with PCT Article 21(2) on Mar. 9, 2006 in English. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The present invention relates generally to digital television systems and, more particularly, to fast channel changing by switching the active packet identifiers PIDs. 
       DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART 
       [0003]    Typical procedures to start and stop the video when a digital channel is changed involves getting channel buffer information, allocating channel buffer resources, selecting de-multiplexer packet identifiers, getting MPEG header information, allocating the display buffer and starting the video display. This involved procedure for starting and stopping the video during channel changing results in increased channel changing time and increased blanking time during a channel change. The increased channel changing time is much too long compared to the channel changing time for an analog television. 
         [0004]    Accordingly, there is a need for fast channel changing time for digital video stream applications. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0005]    An apparatus for changing a channel of a digital input stream includes decoding hardware for reinitializing video decoding variables and decoding video data in response to new data input from a video stream; and storage for video content extracted by the decoding hardware to be displayed by a display device, current video content of a channel of the buffer being displayed until the new data input is extracted from a valid video stream by the video decoder and allocated to the buffer. 
         [0006]    A method for changing a channel of a digital input stream includes the steps of receiving a digital input; filtering the digital input responsive to a selective channel of information from the digital input; detecting digital video information from the digital input; and allocating the digital video information to memory for display. 
         [0007]    A method for transitioning from analog channel changing to digital channel changing including the steps of stopping display of analog video; receiving digital input; restarting de-multiplexer processing of the digital input with a prior channel buffer; changing packet identifiers for filtering output from the de-multiplexing processing of the digital input; and adjusting a display filter for digital information obtained from the filtering. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0008]    A more complete understanding of the present invention may be obtained from consideration of the following description in conjunction with the drawings, in which: 
           [0009]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram of an exemplary hardware configuration in a television for implementing the inventive digital channel changing; 
           [0010]      FIG. 2  is an exemplary state transition diagram showing differences between analog channel changing and digital channel changing in accordance with the invention; 
           [0011]      FIG. 3  is a flow diagram of steps for stopping a process from channel changing in accordance with the invention; and 
           [0012]      FIG. 4  is a flow diagram of the steps for starting a process of channel changing in accordance with the invention. 
       
    
    
       [0013]    To facilitate understanding, identical reference numerals have been used, where possible, to designate identical elements that are common to the figures. 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0014]    Referring to  FIG. 1  there is shown a block diagram  100  of an exemplary hardware configuration in a television for implementing the inventive channel changing. The hardware configuration includes a digital video processing path in parallel with an analog video processing path. In the digital video processing path, an MPEG stream received at the tuner  101  is decoded by the transport stream decoder  102  that performs packet identifier PID filtering. The transport stream decoder  102  extracts video, audio and other data from the MPEG stream. The extracted video is sent to a video channel buffer  103 , the extracted audio is sent to an audio channel buffer  104  and the other data is sent to a corresponding other data buffer  105 . It is reserved for other data communication. Actually, we can share the stream with data. And it looks like we have other formats in DSM-cc or DASE standard. Information in the video channel buffer  103  is decoded at an MPEG video decoder  106  and sent to the display buffer  111  portion of the memory  114 . The display buffer  111  information is then processed by the display processor  115  and graphic and on screen display generator  116  for display at the display output device  109 . Information in the audio channel buffer  104  is decoded at the audio decoder  107 , then sent to an audio buffer  112  where it can be retrieved for processing by an audio processor  117  and played by an audio device output  118 . the other data  108  is sent to an other data processor  108 . We can have other application with this data communication. It is not defined as video or audio, so it could be any type of data. In the analog video processing path, the video stream received at the tuner  101  is decoded by the NTSC decoder  110  and sent to the display processor and graphic and on screen display OSD generator  115  tied to a display device output. 
         [0015]    In a digital TV system, for reducing the channel changing time, the content of a current channel buffer can be displayed until new input data can be obtained. After getting new input data, the system can reinitialize the video decoding variables and data structures and restart to decode and display with the new data. The screen can be frozen at the last frame from the last channel data if a valid video stream from new inputs cannot be found. A few frames can be added during blanking whenever the system finds a new valid MPEG header for avoiding the unstable frames on the screen after switching to new inputs. 
         [0016]    This procedure provides for fast enough switching whenever the channel is changed within the same program association table PAT, in the case of sub-channel changing. This procedure also works for digital channel to digital channel even when the physical channel in the tuner is changed. If the tuning time in a tuner is not fast enough, the only difference that can be seen is a few frozen frames from the prior channel. 
         [0017]    Switching to or from an analog channel requires a few steps more than in the case of digital-to-digital channel changing. Referring to  FIG. 2 , an exemplary state transition diagram  200  shows differences in process steps for changing channels in both analog video input and digital video input, and moving between analog and digital channel changing operations. 
         [0018]    In the analog channel changing mode  201 , the displayed video is stopped and the display is restarted with a new video source  202 . In moving from analog channel to digital channel  203  the system stops displaying video, restarts de-multiplexer processing with the old channel buffer, changes packet identifiers PIDs for the filter, and adjusts the displaying filter  206 . Once in the digital channel changing mode  203 , the system changes packet identifiers and adjusts the display buffer  104 . Moving from digital channel changing to analog channel changing involves stopping the de-mutliplexing processing, switching the video input source from digital to analog, and start displaying the analog source  205 . 
         [0019]    The state transition diagram  200  shows that the system need only stop getting data and leave the channel buffer, when a transit to an analog channel is made, and restart with that channel buffer after flushing when a transit to a digital channel is made so the system can save the time to reallocation of the channel buffer and create new data structures 
         [0020]    Changing a digital channel in accordance with the invention requires two distinct processing modes by the digital system: stop system processing from channel changing,  FIG. 3 , and start system process for channel changing,  FIG. 4 . 
         [0021]    Referring to the flow diagram  300  of  FIG. 3 , the video input is stopped  301  and a check is made whether the current video input is an analog input  202 . If the input is not an analog input, then the last input is a digital input  206  and the system is configured to keep displaying the current program data  207 . Where the current video input is an analog input, then the last input is an analog input  203 . The system is configured to stop displaying from the display buffer, de-allocate the display buffer  204 . The system is further configured to stop processing the digital program input and de-allocating the analog input buffer  205 . 
         [0022]    In summary,  FIG. 3  shows that the procedure for stopping the process in the video driver is to just stay with the previous channel data if it is digital channel. The procedure stops the display input source and de-allocates the display buffer if it is analog input and then stops processing inputs. The last input type for the starting process is saved. 
         [0023]    The block diagram  400  of  FIG. 4  shows that the procedure for the starting process for channel changing depends on the input type. As noted in the state transition diagram, the process path depends on the input source type, analog or digital, and the last input type in either case. 
         [0024]    Upon starting the video input  401 , if the new input is digital  402  then a check of the channel buffer is made first because the channel buffer is not allocated for first time  403 . If a channel buffer is not allocated  403 , the process creates a channel buffer  412  for first time and the channel buffer will last until the processor is reset or a severe problem is detected. If the last input was an analog input  404 , then the old channel buffer is re-used and old data is flushed  405  and data is received  406 . If the last input was a digital input  404  then the process jumps right to the de-multiplexing  407 . The de-multiplexer process including changing active packet identifiers PIDs for the PID filter  407  and the process then the process waits until new MPEG data is detected  408 . If the new video information is the same as the last video information  409  then the video displaying is started  411 . If the new video information is different from the last video information then the display buffer is reallocated to hold the new video information prior to the video display starting  411 . 
         [0025]    And with analog inputs, the process checks the last input. If the last input was digital, then it stops displaying and de-multiplexing and then processes the new analog input and starts displaying the new inputs. More specifically, If the new input is an analog input  402  and the last input was an analog input the input buffer is allocated with the analog input data for processing  416  and the display buffer is allocated with the processed analog input data for display  417 . If the new input is an analog input  402  and the last input was a digital input  413  the video display is stopped  414  and processing digital input from the de-multiplexing process is stopped  415 . Then allocation of the input buffer for processing the input  416  followed by allocation of the display buffer and starting the displaying of the analog video  417 . 
         [0026]    Although various embodiments which incorporate the teachings of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, those skilled in the art can readily devise many other varied embodiments that will still incorporate these teachings.