Abstract:
Disclosed herein relates to an orthodontic appliance, in particular to an orthodontic appliance connected to a tooth and coacting with an archwire. The orthodontic appliance has at least one archwire slot extending through mesiodistally. At least one sub-slot opening to the archwire slot is provided in the sidewalls of the archwire slot. The above-mentioned configurations facilitate the movement of the tooth mesiodistally. With different archwires and different ligation manners, the position of the archwire in the archwire slot can be controlled, thus it is easy to tip teeth mesiodistally and to upright the teeth mesiodistally with small force. The orthodontic appliance has simple structure, and with which it is not necessary to employ extraoral force and mini-implant to strengthen the anchorage.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application claims the benefits of Chinese Applications No. 200710114988.4 filed on Nov. 28, 2007 and No. 200810002164.2 filed on Jan. 11, 2008. 
       STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
       [0002]    Not applicable. 
       TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0003]    The invention relates to an orthodontic appliance for producing tooth movement, and more particularly to an orthodontic appliance coacting with an archwire for producing mesiodistal tooth movement through tooth tipping and uprighting movements. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0004]    The Edgewise and the Begg techniques are currently the most common ones in use. Although all forms of Edgewise technique use Edgewise brackets with horizontally extending archwire slots, the most popular form is known as the straight wire technique. Limited free tipping action with Edgewise brackets occurs only when an archwire smaller than the archwire slot is employed, resulting in a loose fit between the archwire and the slot. In contrast, the bracket configuration for the Begg technique utilizes a vertically extending slot, which permits greater free tipping of teeth than the Edgewise brackets. 
         [0005]    Moving teeth mesiodistally to close a space between two teeth is a common practice in an orthodontic clinic. The Edgewise technique uses the bodily movement of teeth to close a space, while Begg and Tip-edge technique use tipping the clinical crowns towards the open area followed by an uprighting the roots to their predetermined inclination. It is well known that the forces needed, discomfort, and time required for closing spaces by tipping and uprighting movements are much less than that required for bodily moving the teeth. 
         [0006]    In the uprighting movement with Begg and Tip-edge technique, the uprighting springs or auxiliary archwires are needed to move the root to the right position. These two procedures are inconvenient and complicated so that they are not widely practiced in the clinic. 
         [0007]    U.S. Pat. No. 4,877,398 published on Oct. 31, 1989 discloses an orthodontic bracket which can tip tooth mesiodistally using small force without employing extraoral anchorage and implant anchorage to improve anchorage, and allow to open anterior overbite quickly and effectively. However, it is cumbersome and difficult to upright a tooth root mesiodistally because this technique requires an uprighting spring to upright the inclined teeth during the final stage of the treatment. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0008]    The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to design an orthodontic appliance which can move teeth mesiodistally by using small force without employing extraoral anchorage or implant anchorage to strengthen the anchorage and can upright the teeth easily without employing additional uprighting springs and auxiliary archwires. 
         [0009]    For solving the above problem, the present invention provides an orthodontic appliance. The orthodontic appliance has a base connected to the crown of a tooth and coacts with an archwire passing through the appliance mesiodistally. The appliance has at least one archwire slot extending through the appliance mesiodistally. The archwire slot has a bottom wall and sidewalls which include an occlusal sidewall and a gingival sidewall being parallel to each other. The archwire slot has at least one sub-slot which is located in the sidewalls of the archwire slot and opens to the archwire slot. At least one end of the sub-slot starts from the mesial edge or the distal edge of the sidewalls of the archwire slot. The buccolingual width of the sub-slot is at least in some section smaller than that of a rectangular archwire employed for uprighting teeth, and the configuration of the sub-slot is adapted to allow a round archwire to enter the sub-slot when the tooth is tipped. 
         [0010]    In this document the term “buccolingual” refers to “labiolingual or buccolingual”, and the term “buccal side” refers to “buccal side or labial side”. 
         [0011]    The orthodontic appliance of this invention is a combination of Begg technique and Edgewise technique. Tipping tooth movement and bodily tooth movement both can be achieved by using the orthodontic appliance with different archwires. This orthodontic appliance is easily constructed and is convenient to use. 
         [0012]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the largest mesiodistal inclination of the tooth is limited by the buccolingual width and the occlusogingival depth of the sub-slot as well as the shape and size of the archwire employed in the appliance. 
         [0013]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the sub-slot fits the round wire very well when a tooth is tipped. 
         [0014]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the buccolingual width of the sub-slot is smaller than that of the rectangular archwire for uprighting teeth so that the rectangular wire can not enter into the sub-slot when uprighting a tooth. 
         [0015]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the archwire is generally parallel to the occlusal plane. 
         [0016]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the archwire slot extends horizontally. 
         [0017]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the orthodontic appliance may be used as a labial orthodontic appliance or a lingual orthodontic appliance. 
         [0018]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the appliance may have a limiting member for limiting the archwire in the archwire slot. The limiting member may be a ligation device, a self-locking device, or a cover of the archwire slot. Alternatively, the ligation device and the cover can be used together as the limiting member. 
         [0019]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the appliance may have a ligation device, and the ligation device may have one pair of tie wings or two pairs of tie wings or three pairs of tie wings. 
         [0020]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the sidewall is formed on the buccal side and the lingual side of at least part of the sub-slot. 
         [0021]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the sidewall is formed on the buccal side and the lingual side of the sub-slot. 
         [0022]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the sub-slot may be next to the bottom wall only at the mesial edge and the distal edge of the sidewalls. 
         [0023]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, at least part of the sub-slot is separated from the bottom wall by the sidewall. 
         [0024]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the sub-slot is separated from the bottom wall by the sidewall. 
         [0025]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the median line of the section on the sidewall plane of the sub-slot is substantially parallel to the bottom wall, wherein the distance between the median line and the bottom wall is equal to or a little larger than the radius of the round wire employed for tipping teeth. 
         [0026]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the median plane of the sub-slot divides the sub-slot which is bilaterally symmetrical into labial and lingual halves, wherein the median plane is parallel to the bottom wall. 
         [0027]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, at least most of the sub-slot is bilaterally symmetrical, and a plane which is parallel to the bottom wall divides the symmetrical part of the sub-slot into labial and lingual halves. 
         [0028]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the median plane of the sub-slot is substantially perpendicular to the occlusal plane. 
         [0029]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the diameter of the round wire for tipping teeth usually is 0.016 inch or 0.018 inch, the diameter of a round wire for tooth aligning usually is 0.012 inch or 0.014 inch, and the type of the rectangular wire for uprighting teeth usually is 0.019 inch*0.025 inch or 0.017 inch*0.025 inch. 
         [0030]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the distance between the median plane of the sub-slot and the bottom wall is substantially equal to the radius of the round wire employed for tipping teeth. 
         [0031]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the sidewall between the sub-slot and the bottom wall may hinder the thin round wire to enter the sub-slot especially under tight ligation. 
         [0032]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the sidewall between the sub-slot and the bottom wall has the smallest buccolingual width at the mesial edge and the distal edge of the sidewalls and gradually become wider mesiodistally, and has the largest buccolingual width in the middle of the sidewall. 
         [0033]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the sidewall between the sub-slot and the bottom wall is very helpful for uprighting and torquing teeth when employing a rectangular wire, and may hinder the rectangular wire to enter the sub-slot. 
         [0034]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the buccolingual width of the sub-slot may vary from zero to the width larger than the diameter of the round wire employed for tipping teeth, and the round wire may partially enter the sub-slot of which the buccolingual width is smaller than the diameter of the round wire, but the rectangular wire can not enter the sub-slot of which the buccolingual width is smaller than that of the rectangular wire. 
         [0035]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the diameter of the round wire employed for tipping teeth is larger than that of the round wire employed for aligning teeth, and the diameter of the round wire employed for tipping teeth is smaller than the buccolingual width of the rectangular wire. 
         [0036]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the sub-slot may have the largest occlusogingival depth at the mesial edge and the distal edge of the sidewalls and gradually become shallower mesiodistally. 
         [0037]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the orthodontic appliance may be a self-ligation orthodontic appliance, or may be an Edgewise orthodontic appliance or a straight-wire orthodontic appliance. This invention may also be used in combination with any other kinds of general orthodontic appliances. 
         [0038]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the orthodontic appliance may be made of metal, ceramic or plastic etc., or may be made of any combination of the material mentioned above, or may be made of any other machinable material. 
         [0039]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the orthodontic appliance may be connected to an anterior tooth, a bicuspid or a molar, and the orthodontic appliance may be a bracket or a molar tube. 
         [0040]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the archwire slot may be a slot or a tube. 
         [0041]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the sub-slot extends mesiodistally. 
         [0042]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the sub-slot may extend through the sidewalls mesiodistally up to the distal edge or the mesial edge on the other side of the sidewalls, or may also extend mesiodistally and terminate in the sidewalls. 
         [0043]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the sub-slot extends occlusogingivally. 
         [0044]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the sub-slot may extend through the sidewalls occlusogingivally, or may extend occlusogingivally and terminate in the sidewalls. 
         [0045]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the sub-slot may be located on a continuous sidewall or a discrete sidewall of the archwire slot. 
         [0046]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, when the sub-slot is located in a discrete sidewall, one end of the sub-slot may start from the mesial edge of the mesial section of the sidewall or the distal edge of the distal section of the sidewall. 
         [0047]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the bottom wall of the archwire slot may extend beyond the archwire slot mesially and/or distally. 
         [0048]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the sub-slot may have the largest buccolingual width at the mesial edge and the distal edge of the sidewalls of the archwire slot and gradually become narrower mesiodistally. 
         [0049]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the shape of the cross section perpendicular to the mesiodistal direction of the sub-slot may be triangular, arc, trapezoidal or rectangular. 
         [0050]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the cross sections perpendicular to the mesiodistal direction of the same sub-slot in the different site may be identical or may be different. 
         [0051]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the sidewalls are perpendicular to the bottom wall. 
         [0052]    According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, there may be following configurations relating to the position and the number of the sub-slots. 
         [0053]    1. At least one sub-slot starts from the distal edge of the occlusal sidewall of the archwire slot; 
         [0054]    2. At least one sub-slot starts from the mesial edge of the gingival sidewall of the archwire slot; 
         [0055]    3. At least one sub-slot starts from the mesial edge of the occlusal sidewall of the archwire slot; 
         [0056]    4. At least one sub-slot starts from the distal edge of the gingival sidewall of the archwire slot; 
         [0057]    5. Any combination of two or more than two above-mentioned configurations; 
         [0058]    6. The appliance with the sub-slot is only located on certain teeth or tooth. 
         [0059]    During treatment, a round archwire within the archwire slots of brackets enters the sub-slots when teeth are tipped, so that a small anchorage is needed for moving the teeth. In this case, if a conventional molar tube is located on the molar of the same dental arch, the molar functioned as a sturdy anchorage in its bodily movement is steady enough to retract the anterior teeth without utilizing extraoral anchorage or implant anchorage. When a rectangular archwire is employed, the rectangular archwire cannot enter into the sub-slots, so that the teeth are uprighted and torqued. When a thin round archwire is employed under tight ligation, the thin round archwire hindered by the sidewall between the sub-slot and the bottom wall cannot enter the sub-slot sufficiently so that the teeth are aligned. Whether the dental archwire can enter into the sub-slots of the sidewalls or not may be influenced by the following factors: (1) the position and the shape of the sub-slot of the sidewall of an archwire slot, (2) the shape of the archwire slot, (3) ligation manners, and (4) the shape and the size of the dental archwires in the archwire slot. The largest mesiodistal inclination of a tooth is controlled by the width and the depth of the sub-slot as well as the shape and size of the dental archwire used in the bracket. 
         [0060]    Another situation is that during treatment a round archwire gradually enters into the sub-slot of the molar tube when a molar is tipped, at this time a small anchorage is needed for moving the molar; when a rectangular archwire is utilized, the rectangular archwire can not enter into the sub-slot of the molar tube on an inclined molar, so that the molar is uprighted and torqued. 
         [0061]    With employing the design of the sub-slot, the room for a round wire in the archwire slots is greatly improved and it is beneficial for tipping a tooth, opening deep bite and moving a tooth under a light force without using implant anchorage or extraoral anchorage. Because the rectangular wire cannot enter into the sub-slot, the tooth is uprighted by employing the rectangular wire. So by employing different archwires in the same archwire slot the tooth generates different kinds of movements. Furthermore, comparing to traditional orthodontic appliance for tipping movement, the structure of this orthodontic appliance is simple and the operation is easy. The operation for teeth uprighting is complicated and inconvenient when employing a traditional orthodontic appliance, such as Begg or Tip-Edge appliance, because an uprighting spring and/or auxiliary archwires are required to achieve the purpose. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0062]    The present invention will be further explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the description below, in the drawings: 
           [0063]      FIG. 1  is a front view of the structure of an orthodontic appliance according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0064]      FIG. 2  is a right view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0065]      FIG. 3  is a top view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0066]      FIG. 4  is a sectional view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the first embodiment of the present invention, taken along line A-A of  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0067]      FIG. 5  is a perspective view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0068]      FIG. 6  is a front view of the structure of an orthodontic appliance according to the second embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0069]      FIG. 7  is a left view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the second embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0070]      FIG. 8  is a top view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the second embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0071]      FIG. 9  is a sectional view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the second embodiment of the present invention, taken along line A-A of  FIG. 6 ; 
           [0072]      FIG. 10  is a perspective view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the second embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0073]      FIG. 11  is a front view of the orthodontic appliances of the present invention employing a thick round archwire for tipping teeth; 
           [0074]      FIG. 12  is a right view of the bracket of the present invention employing the thick round archwire for tipping teeth; 
           [0075]      FIG. 13  is a partial enlarged view of  FIG. 11 ; 
           [0076]      FIG. 14  is a front view of the orthodontic appliances of the present invention employing a thin round archwire for tooth aligning; 
           [0077]      FIG. 15  is a right view of the bracket of the present invention employing the thin round archwire for tooth aligning; 
           [0078]      FIG. 16  is a partial enlarged view of  FIG. 14 ; 
           [0079]      FIG. 17  is a front view of the orthodontic appliances of the present invention employing a rectangular archwire for uprighting teeth; 
           [0080]      FIG. 18  is a right view of the bracket of the present invention employing the rectangular archwire for uprighting teeth; 
           [0081]      FIG. 19  is a partial enlarged view of  FIG. 17 ; 
           [0082]      FIG. 20  is a front view of the structure of an orthodontic appliance according to the third embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0083]      FIG. 21  is a right view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the third embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0084]      FIG. 22  is a top view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the third embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0085]      FIG. 23  is a sectional view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the third embodiment of the present invention, taken along line A-A of  FIG. 20 ; 
           [0086]      FIG. 24  is a front view of the structure of an orthodontic appliance according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0087]      FIG. 25  is a right view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0088]      FIG. 26  is a top view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0089]      FIG. 27  is a sectional view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, taken along line A-A of  FIG. 24 ; 
           [0090]      FIG. 28  is a front view of the structure of an orthodontic appliance according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0091]      FIG. 29  is a right view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0092]      FIG. 30  is a top view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0093]      FIG. 31  is a sectional view of the structure of the orthodontic appliance according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, taken along line A-A of  FIG. 28 ; 
           [0094]      FIG. 32  is a front view of the section on the sidewall plane of the orthodontic appliance according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. 
       
    
    
     LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS  
       [0000]    
       
           1 . Bracket body 
           2 . Bracket base 
           3 . Archwire slot of the bracket 
           4 . Occlusal sidewall of the archwire slot of the bracket 
           5 . Gingival sidewall of the archwire slot of the bracket 
           6 . Bottom wall of the archwire slot of the bracket 
           7 . Sub-slot of the sidewall of the bracket 
           8 . Ligation wire slot 
           10 . The median line of the sub-slot 
           11 . Tie wing of the bracket 
           12 . Mesial edge of the sidewall of the archwire slot of the bracket 
           13 . Distal edge of the sidewall of the archwire slot of the bracket 
           14 . Body of the molar tube 
           15 . Base of the molar tube 
           16 . Archwire slot of the molar tube 
           17 . Top wall of the archwire slot of the molar tube 
           18 . Occlusal sidewall of the archwire slot of the molar tube 
           19 . Gingival sidewall of the archwire slot of the molar tube 
           20 . Bottom wall of the archwire slot of the molar tube 
           21 . Sub-slot of the sidewall of the archwire slot of the molar tube 
           23 . Tie wing of the molar tube 
           24 . Traction hook of the molar tube 
           25 . Mesial edge of the sidewall of the archwire slot of the molar tube 
           26 . Distal edge of the sidewall of the archwire slot of the molar tube 
           27 . Tie wire 
           28 . Thick round archwire 
           29 . Thin round archwire 
           30 . Rectangular archwire 
           31 . The median line of the section of the sub-slot 
           32 . The labial edge of the section of the sub-slot 
           33 . The lingual edge of the section of the sub-slot 
       
     
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     First Embodiment 
       [0126]    Referring to  FIG. 1  through  FIG. 5 , this orthodontic appliance is a bracket which has a body  1  with an opening through archwire slot  3  extending mesiodistally and horizontally and a base  2  connected to the crown of a tooth. The archwire slot  3  has an occlusal sidewall  4 , a gingival sidewall  5  and a bottom wall  6 . The occlusal sidewall  4  is parallel to the gingival sidewall  5 , and the sidewalls are perpendicular to the bottom wall  6 . The sub-slot  7  extending mesiodistally and opening to the archwire slot  3  is located in the sidewalls of the archwire slot  3 . There are four sub-slots  7  extending mesiodistally respectively from the mesial edges  12  and the distal edges  13  of the sidewalls of the bracket. The buccolingual width of the sub-slot  7  is smaller than that of the rectangular archwire  30  (see  FIGS. 17 to 19 ) employed in the orthodontic appliance. The sub-slot  7  has the largest occlusogingival depth and buccolingual width at the mesial edge and the distal edge of the sidewalls of the archwire slot and becomes gradually shallower and narrower when extending mesiodistally. A round archwire usually enters most deeply into the sub-slot  7  at the mesial edge and the distal edge of the sidewalls when a tooth is tipped and gradually comes out of the sub-slot  7  mesiodistally, so that the configuration of the sub-slot  7  fits the round archwire very well. It is illustrated that the sub-slot  7  has a triangular cross section perpendicular to the mesiodistal direction, the sub-slot  7  consists of two guiding surfaces at a acute angle such as 45° relative to the sidewall, the two guiding surfaces meet at the median line  10  oriented mesiodistally of the sub-slot  7 . The median line  10  is parallel to the bottom wall, and the distance between the median line  10  and the bottom wall is a little larger than the radius of the thick round archwire  28  (see  FIGS. 11 to 13 ) for tipping teeth in the archwire slot. The median plane of the sub-slot  7  is in the same plane with the median line of the thick round archwire  28 , and this plane is parallel to the bottom wall. The sidewall between the sub-slot  7  and the bottom wall  6  has the smallest buccolingual width at the mesial edge and the distal edge of the sidewalls and gradually become wider. 
         [0127]    The mesial edge  12  and the distal edge  13  of the sidewalls of the archwire slot intersect with the bottom wall  6  at an angle of about 60°. Tie wings are employed as the ligation device of the bracket. Specifically, two pairs of tie wings  11  are provided on the outside surface of the sidewalls of the archwire slot and project outwardly from the mesial part and the distal part of the sidewalls, respectively. 
       Second Embodiment 
       [0128]    Referring to  FIG. 6  through  FIG. 10 , this orthodontic appliance is a molar tube which has a body  14  with a through archwire slot  16  extending mesiodistally and horizontally and a base  15  connected to the crown of a tooth. The archwire slot  16  has an occlusal sidewall  18 , a gingival sidewall  19 , a bottom wall  20  and a top wall  17 . The occlusal sidewall  18  is parallel to the gingival sidewall  19 , and the sidewalls are perpendicular to the bottom wall  20 . A traction hook  24  is provided on the outside surface of the gingival sidewall  19  of the archwire slot  16 . The sub-slot  21  extending mesiodistally and opening to the archwire slot  16  is located in the sidewalls of the archwire slot  16 . There are four sub-slots  21  extending mesiodistally from the mesial edges  25  and the distal edges  26  of the sidewalls respectively. The buccolingual width of the sub-slot  21  of the molar tube is smaller than that of the rectangular archwire  30  (see  FIGS. 17 to 19 ) employed in the orthodontic appliance. The sub-slot  21  of the molar tube has the deepest and widest section at the mesial edge  25  or the distal edge  26  of the sidewalls of the archwire slot and becomes gradually shallower and narrower when extending mesiodistally. It is illustrated that the sub-slot  21  has a triangular cross section perpendicular to the mesiodistal direction. The configuration of the sub-slot  21  is similar to that of the sub-slot  7  of the first embodiment. The median plane of the sub-slot  21  is parallel to the bottom wall  20 . The mesial edge  25  and the distal edge  26  of the sidewalls are perpendicular to the bottom wall  20 . 
         [0129]    The orthodontic appliances of this invention coact with different archwires to realize different teeth movements, as illustrated in  FIGS. 11 to 19 . The diameter of the thick round wire  28  is larger than that of the thin round wire  29 , and the diameter of the thick round wire  28  is smaller than the buccolingual width of the rectangular wire  30 . Referring to  FIGS. 14 ,  15  and  16 , when aligning teeth, the thin round archwire  29  is pushed to the bottom wall  6  of the bracket by a tie wire  27 ; because it is tied in a tight ligation manner, the thin round archwire  29  hindered by the sidewall between the sub-slot  7  and the bottom wall  6  can not enter into the sub-slot  7  of the bracket sufficiently, this configuration works to align the teeth. Referring to  FIGS. 11 ,  12  and  13 , when tipping teeth, the thick round archwire  28  is bound in the archwire slot by the tie wire  27 , the sub-slot is adapted to allow the thick round archwire  28  to enter the sub-slot so that the thick round archwire  28  can enter into the sub-slot. Referring to  FIGS. 17 ,  18  and  19 , when uprighting and torquing teeth, the rectangular wire  30  is bound in the archwire slot by the tie wire  27 . The rectangular wire  30  can not enter into the sub-slot of the sidewall because the rectangular wire  30  has a larger width in the buccolingual direction than that of the sub-slot. Therefore, the uprighting and torquing movement of teeth occurs. 
       Third Embodiment 
       [0130]    Referring to  FIG. 20  through  FIG. 23 , this orthodontic appliance is a bracket. The bracket of the present embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that (1) the mesial edge  12  and the distal edge  13  of the sidewalls of the archwire slot intersect with the bottom wall  6  at an angle of about 15°; (2) a pair of tie wings  11  locate on the outside surface of the sidewalls of the archwire slot; (3) each sidewall of the archwire slot  3  has one sub-slot  7  extending through mesiodistally, and the shape of the cross sections perpendicular to the mesiodistal direction of the sub-slot  7  is triangular and identical. 
         [0131]    The median line of the sub-slot  7  is parallel to the bottom wall  6 , and the distance between the median line and the bottom wall is a little larger than the radius of the thick round wire, and the sidewalls are formed on the buccal side and the lingual side of the sub-slot  7 . 
         [0132]    The mesial edge  12  and the distal edge  13  of the sidewalls intersect with the bottom wall  6  at an angle of about 15°. When tipping teeth, the mesial edge  12  and the distal edge  13  of the sidewalls can lead the dental archwire to the sub-slot  7 . 
       Fourth Embodiment 
       [0133]    Referring to  FIG. 24  through  FIG. 27 , this orthodontic appliance is a molar tube. The molar tube of the present embodiment is different from that of the second embodiment in that (1) the mesial edge  25  and the distal edge  26  of the sidewalls of the archwire slot  16  intersect with the bottom wall  20  at an angle of about 15°; (2) two pairs of tie wings  23  locate on the outside surface of the sidewalls; (3) each sidewall of the archwire slot  16  has one sub-slot  21  extending through mesiodistally, and the sub-slot  21  extends through each sidewall occlusogingivally at the mesial and the distal edge of the sidewalls. 
         [0134]    Without using tie wire the archwire can enter the sub-slot  21  of the sidewall; when employing a tight ligation manner, a tie wire passing by the mesial edge  25  and the distal edge  26  of the sidewalls has great restriction to the thin round archwire so that the archwire can not enter the sub-slot  21 , which is beneficial for teeth alignment. 
       Fifth Embodiment 
       [0135]    Referring to  FIG. 28  through  FIG. 31 , this orthodontic appliance is a straight-wire bracket. The straight-wire bracket of the present embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that (1) the mesial edge  12  and the distal edge  13  of the sidewalls of the archwire slot is perpendicular to the bottom wall  6 ; (2) the sub-slot  7  has a arc cross section perpendicular to the mesiodistal direction; (3) at the mesial edge and the distal edge of the sidewalls the sub-slot is next to the bottom wall, and the buccolingual width of the sidewall between the sub-slot and the bottom wall is smallest at the mesial edge and the distal edge of the sidewalls and gradually become larger when extending mesiodistally; (4) the bottom wall  6  extends beyond the archwire slot  3  mesiodistally, and the part of the bottom wall out of the archwire slot becomes wider occlusogingivally. 
         [0136]    Referring to  FIG. 32 , the median line  31  of the section on the sidewall plane of the sub-slot is parallel to the bottom wall, and the distance between the median line  31  and the bottom wall  6  is generally equal to the radius of the thick round wire  28 , the distance from a point in the median line  31  to the labial edge  32  is equal to that from the point to the lingual edge  33 .