Abstract:
The system for packaging a flexible web ( 2 ) that is layered in zigzag loops comprises the following for simplifying the handling and packaging processes; a layering device ( 1 ) for forming a tier consisting of a web ( 2 ) that is layered in zigzag loops; a transfer device ( 26 ) for directly or indirectly transferring the looped web tier to a packaging container; and a memory-programmable control device for components of the system.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD  
       [0001]     The invention relates to a system for packaging a flexible web, in particular a textile web, which is positioned in zigzag-form loops, and to a packaging container for the system.  
       PRIOR ART  
       [0002]     It is known from EP 0 062 753 B and EP 0 778 236 A to position a flexible web, in particular a textile web, in zigzag-form loops and thus to form an arrangement of web loops. The resulting web-loop arrangements are stacked manually and packaged into a packaging container and then processed further in the textile industry. For this purpose, the web-loop arrangements have to be stacked manually in a packing shaft, that is to say they have to be transferred manually into the packaging shaft by operators, web-loop arrangement by web-loop arrangement, via push-off plates. The operations of determining the number of web loops per arrangement and of separating the web loops in a precise and defined manner between the respectively bottom and top planes are difficult to automate on account of the random positioning of the textile web loops and of the sensitivity of the web-loop arrangements to pressure. Such web-loop arrangements are generally difficult to handle since they are subjected to a high level of internal stressing at the folds and thus tend to deform easily because, at the folds, the web tries to return into the straightened-out position again. The operator thus lines the packing shaft with a paper sheet prior to the first web-loop arrangement being introduced. Once the desired web length has been achieved, in the first instance, the group as a whole has the paper sheet wrapped around it and this paper sheet is fixed with adhesive tape in order that the web-loop arrangements do not come apart. It is only then that the group as a whole can be removed from the packing shaft and deposited in a packaging container.  
       DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0003]     The object of the invention is to improve the system mentioned in the introduction.  
         [0004]     The object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim  1 . With the aid of a transfer device, the web-loop arrangement produced by a positioning device can be deposited directly or indirectly in a packaging container, the memory-programmable control device allowing at least partial automation of the operating sequences.  
         [0005]     Advantageous configurations of the system are described in claims  2  to  18 . Claim  19  contains a particularly advantageous packaging container which can be used in the system.  
         [0006]     A refinement of the system as claimed in claim  2  is particularly advantageous, with the result that the positioning and packaging operation can be carried out fully automatically without any need for an operator. The packing density can be improved by a refinement of the system as claimed in claim  3  since, then, the region of greatest stressing, which is provided by the folds of the loops, is not restricted to the border region of the web-loop arrangement; rather, adjacent folds may be offset in relation to one another, this achieving a significant dissipation of the stressing at the border and allowing closer packing of the web loops. A significant improvement in the packing is achieved by the refinement as claimed in claim  4  since the length of the web per pack can be distributed uniformly over the web-loop arrangements and the individual web-loop arrangements thus also each have a uniform density. The web which is packaged in this way thus has constant properties over its entire length, such as uniform stressing throughout the arrangement, which, on the one hand, allows better utilization of the packaging container and, on the other hand, ensures uniform properties of the web, in particular for the subsequent further processing thereof. Elastic webs in particular can shrink together uniformly in the packaging container. The elasticity of the web is thus maintained uniformly over the entire length thereof since residual stressing in certain sections, which could result in material fatigue and a loss in elasticity, is avoided. A high-quality final product is thus made possible, all this with reduced manpower and increased performance.  
         [0007]     The web positioned in loops has the tendency to straighten out in the folding region, as a result of which considerable forces occur in the web-loop arrangement, in particular in the folding region of the web loops, and these counteract an ordered web-loop arrangement. An advantageous configuration of the system is thus one as claimed in claim  5 , according to which the positioning device has, in the positioning region, a pressure-exerting bar which runs over the entire loop length, can be advanced perpendicularly to the bearing panel for the web-loop arrangement, can be pressed against the edges of the web loops and prevents the loops from opening up. The pressure-exerting bar is preferably provided with a controlled drive in order for this pressure-exerting bar to be raised up during transfer of the web-loop arrangement, and thus for the transfer to be facilitated.  
         [0008]     It is possible, in principle, to use a wide variety of different positioning devices, although a configuration as claimed in claim  5 , and developed as claimed in claim  6 , is particularly preferred. Such a positioning device is known per se and described in EP 0062753 B and EP 0778236 A cited above.  
         [0009]     A system as claimed in claim  8  is particularly expedient, in which case the transfer device has preferably finger-like pusher members on the infeed side of the web in the positioning device, it being possible for these pusher members to be displaced out of a rest position, in which the web feed is not impeded, into an operating position, in which these pusher members can be moved through beneath the pressure-exerting bar, parallel to the bearing panel of the web-loop arrangement, to be precise until, on the other side of the pressure-exerting bar, carry-along elements can be moved in between or behind the web-loop arrangements from a rest position in order to receive the web-loop arrangement and displace it into a receiving device transversely to the loop arrangement. The pusher members can be moved into the operating position from different positions, for example from a rest position beneath, to the side of or behind the bearing panel. A particularly preferred refinement, however, is the one as claimed in claim  9 , in which the pusher members are moved vertically downward into the operating position from a raised rest position above the bearing panel. The same applies to the carry-along elements behind the pressure-exerting bar, it likewise being possible for these carry-along elements to assume a wide variety of different rest positions to the side of and beneath the bearing panel. A particularly preferred refinement here is the one as claimed in claim  10 , in which the carry-along elements are of finger-like design and can be moved in between the pusher members in the vertically downward direction from a top rest position. The web-loop arrangement is thus constantly controlled, either by the pusher members or by the carry-along fingers, throughout the transfer movement.  
         [0010]     Also conceivable, however, is a simplified solution as claimed in claim  7 , in which, rather than the pusher members being moved through beneath the pressure-exerting bar, the web-positioning operation takes place continuously and the web-loop arrangements are transported further downstream of the positioning device by means of blades arranged on a displacement bar. For this purpose, it is possible for the blades, in the first instance butting against one another, to be moved in between two web loops from above and then moved apart from one another laterally in order to separate two web loops and to transfer the web-loop arrangement located in front of them. In the case of this solution, the web-positioning operation need not be interrupted, as a result of which the productivity increases. However, this variant can only be used to process a very small number of straightforward and non-critical webs.  
         [0011]     It is advantageous here if the system as claimed in claim  11  is designed such that the bearing panel for the web-loop arrangement has braking strips along the displacement path of the folds, from the positioning device into the receiving device. Ordered transfer is also aided by the refinement as claimed in claim  12 , according to which guide bars which guide the web-loop arrangement and are oriented transversely to the loop arrangement are arranged above the bearing panel. According to claim  13 , at least one resiliently yielding stop member may be arranged in the receiving device, in the region between the folds, in order for web parts which curve forward in the receiving direction to be forced back, that is to say oriented, parallel to the loop arrangement.  
         [0012]     A packaging container may already be arranged in the receiving device in order to accommodate the web-loop arrangement. A more advantageous refinement, however, is one as claimed in claim  14 , according to which a stacking device for the web-loop arrangements is arranged in the receiving device. It is thus possible for a plurality of web-loop arrangements located one above the other to be formed into a stack. According to claim  15 , the stacking device contains a rear wall, which serves as a stop for the web-loop arrangement which is to be received, a base, which can be lowered to the thickness of the web-loop arrangement, and a cover, which can be adjusted in relation to the base and serves at least as a top guide for a web-loop arrangement which is to be transferred. According to claim  16 , the cover serves as a top boundary of the stack and can additionally be displaced parallel with the base. The stacking of the web-loop arrangements is facilitated if, according to claim  17 , the receiving device contains a retractable accommodating base which is preferably formed from two base halves which can be retracted in opposite directions.  
         [0013]     The stacking device of the system, as claimed in claim  18 , can advantageously be lowered into a packing station in which the web-loop stack can be ejected out of the stacking device, by means of an ejecting ram, into an associated packaging container. A particularly suitable packaging container is specified in claim  19 . The packaging container contains a base with three side walls integrally formed on it and, on the fourth side, a side-wall part which can be swung downward, with the result that the web-loop stack can be pushed onto the base of the packaging container on this fourth side. The side-wall part can be swung upward in order to cover the fourth side of the filled packaging container. A cover is articulated on the side wall which is located opposite the fourth side, this cover having a wall part which at least largely covers the fourth side, this also ensuring that the pack is closed off satisfactorily on the fourth side. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0014]     Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail hereinbelow with reference to schematic drawings, in which:  
         [0015]      FIG. 1  shows a diagrammatic illustration of a positioning device for forming an arrangement from a web positioned in zigzag form;  
         [0016]      FIG. 2  shows the positioning device from  FIG. 1  in a view from above and in detail form;  
         [0017]      FIG. 3  shows a diagrammatic illustration of a system for packaging a web positioned in zigzag-form loops;  
         [0018]      FIG. 4  shows the system from  FIG. 3  in a view from above;  
         [0019]      FIG. 5  shows the system from  FIG. 3  in a side view from the left;  
         [0020]      FIG. 6  shows the system from  FIG. 3  in a view from the rear;  
         [0021]      FIG. 7  shows a packaging container for the web-loop arrangements;  
         [0022]      FIG. 8  shows a plan view of a further simplified system for packaging purposes;  
         [0023]      FIG. 9  shows the system from  FIG. 8  along section line IX-IX from  FIG. 8 ; and  
         [0024]      FIGS. 10 and 11  show the system from  FIG. 8  during different transfer stages. 
     
    
     WAYS OF IMPLEMENTING THE INVENTION  
       [0025]      FIGS. 1 and 2  show a positioning device which is known from EP 0 778 236 A and EP 0 062 753 B and by means of which a flexible, in particular also an elastically expandable, web  2  can be folded into zigzag-form loops  2   a  located one behind the other in group form, that is to say a web-loop arrangement  3  can be formed.  
         [0026]     The folded web  2  or the loops  2   a  thereof then has/have rectilinear portions, which are in parallel abutment with one another, and lateral 180°-turns, that is to say folds  2   b . For reasons of clarity,  FIG. 2  has illustrated the zigzag-form loops  2   a  in a state in which they have been drawn some way apart from one another; in practice, however, they butt closely against one another. The web folded in this way, preferably a textile web, is then processed further in the textile industry; it allows straightforward withdrawal in the direction of any desired processing machines. In addition, webs which are folded in this way can be stored and despatched in a significantly more compact manner than would be possible, for example, using reels. Moreover, it is possible for, as it were, endless webs to be distributed over a plurality of packaging containers, the web running on continuously from packaging container to packaging container by the end of the web of one packaging container forming the start of a new packaging container.  
         [0027]     The positioning device  1  is illustrated in a relatively detailed manner in  FIG. 1 , but only those constituent parts which are pertinent to the present invention will be explained hereinbelow. In respect of the rest of the features not explained here, you are referred in full to EP 0778236A and EP 0062753 B, which have already been mentioned in the introduction.  
         [0028]     The device  1  has a bearing panel  4  for the web  2  which is to be folded and/or for the folded zigzag-form web loops  2   a . A positioning carriage  6  is arranged above the bearing panel  4  such that it can be moved back and forth perpendicularly to the drawing-in direction X of the web, see the arrows Y in  FIG. 2 . The positioning carriage  6  has two positioning rollers  7  and  8 , which are mounted one beside the other such that they can be rotated about two parallel axes. The axes of rotation of the positioning rollers  7 ,  8  run perpendicularly to the displacement direction Y of the positioning carriage  6  and perpendicularly to the drawing-in direction X of the web. A vertical guide nip for the web  2  which is to be placed in position is formed between the two circumferential surfaces of the positioning rollers  7 ,  8 ; the web  2  guided between two guide rods  10  of a guide device  11  runs into this guide nip in the drawing-in direction X. The web  2  here is located in a vertical, that is to say upright, position. The nip between the positioning rollers  7 ,  8  is dimensioned such that the web  2  is carried along by friction by the circumferential surface in each case of one of the two positioning rollers  7 ,  8 . The positioning rollers  7 ,  8  are driven in the same direction in each case, the direction of rotation being dependent on the displacement direction of the positioning carriage  6  in each case.  
         [0029]     This dependency is illustrated in  FIG. 2 , according to which, when the positioning carriage  6  is displaced to the left (solid arrow Y), the positioning rollers  7 ,  8  rotate to the right (solid arrow W). When the positioning carriage is displaced to the right (dashed arrow Y), the positioning rollers  7 ,  8  rotate to the left (dashed arrow W). The web material  2  is thus carried along, and drawn in, by abutment in each case by the rear positioning roller  7  or  8 , as seen in the displacement direction, and thus transported further. The abovedescribed drive results in the web being positioned in regular zigzag-form web loops  2   a . The change in the direction of rotation W of the positioning rollers  7 ,  8  takes place in each case at the point of reversal of the displacement movement of the positioning carriage  6 . By virtue of the web  2  being laid in position, the positioned web loops are advanced in the manner of a group, that is to say are moved on in a removal direction X′ corresponding to the drawing-in direction X.  
         [0030]     In order for the web  2 , which runs in relatively quickly, to be braked in the laying region downstream of the positioning carriage  6 , and in order thus to aid the loop formation, braking means which subject the longitudinal edges of the web  2  to a contact-pressure force in the folding region are provided. A significant constituent part of these braking means is formed by a pressure-exerting bar  12  which is arranged in the region of the positioning rollers  7 ,  8 , on the web-outlet side thereof, and of which the length is at least equal to the range of movement of the positioning carriage  6 . The pressure-exerting bar  12  here runs parallel to the displacement direction of the positioning carriage  6  and preferably above the latter, with the result that the pressure-exerting bar acts on the top longitudinal edge of the web  2  by forcing the web  2  some way downward from above by way of its bottom pressure-exerting surface  14 , which is directed toward the web. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated, the pressure-exerting bar  12  interacts with a bottom braking bar  16  arranged in the region of the bearing panel  4 , the web or its loop  2   a  which was last placed in position being, for all practical purposes, clamped in between the braking bar  16  and the pressure-exerting bar  12 .  
         [0031]     As can be gathered from  FIG. 2 , the folds  2   b  are usually located in a row one behind the other. In order to counteract the expansion force of the web-loop arrangement which is brought about by the folds, it is advantageous if, rather than all the folds  2   b  being aligned in a row, every second fold  2   c  is set back in relation to the first fold  2   b , as is indicated by dashed lines in  FIG. 2 . Multiple offsetting of the folds is thus also possible.  
         [0032]     The pressure-exerting bar  12  is fastened, at both ends, on vertical supports  18  which can be displaced up and down by means of piston/cylinder subassemblies  20  and spindles  22 . The piston/cylinder subassemblies  20  serves for periodically raising up the pressure-exerting bar  12  during transfer of a web-loop arrangement  3  from the positioning device  1  into a receiving device  24 , as can be gathered from  FIG. 3 . An adjusting device  25  serves for adjusting the magnitude of the contact-pressure force to which the web loops are subjected by the pressure-exerting bar  12 . The adjusting device  25  has a stepping motor  25   a  which interacts via a gear mechanism  25   b , for example a chain gear or toothed belt mechanism, with the spindle  22 , which is connected to the supports  18  via a thread, with the result that it is possible to change the spacing of the supports  18  in relation to the piston/cylinder subassemblies  20  and thus the degree to which the pressure-exerting bar  12  presses on the web loop.  
         [0033]     FIGS.  3  to  6  deal with a system for packaging web-loop arrangements which are produced in the positioning device  1  and are transferred to the receiving device  24  for packaging purposes. The transfer device  26  has finger-like pusher members  28  on the infeed side of the web  2  in the positioning device  1 , it being possible for these pusher members to be lowered from a raised rest position into an operating position, which is illustrated in  FIG. 3  and in which they are located parallel to the bearing panel of the web-loop arrangement. The finger-like pusher members  28  are fastened on an extension arm  30  which can be displaced on a vertical guide  34 , by means of a slide  32 , out of the operating position illustrated into a vertically raised rest position, in which it does not obstruct the operation of feeding the web  2  in the positioning device  1 . For displacement in the vertical direction, use is made, for example, of a piston/cylinder subassembly  36 , of which the piston rod  38  is connected to the extension arm. A piston/cylinder subassembly  40  serves for displacing the pusher members  28  beneath the pressure-exerting bar  12 , for which purpose a slide  39 , which can be displaced along a rail  41 , is arranged on the vertical guide  34 . The web-loop arrangement  3  is thus advanced in the direction of the receiving device  24 . In the advanced position, the transfer device  26  has vertically oriented carry-along fingers  42  which can be lowered from the rest position, which is illustrated in  FIG. 3 , toward the bearing panel  4  and, there, can be moved in between the pusher members  28  in order to receive the web-loop arrangement and displace it into the receiving device  24  transversely to the loop arrangement. The carry-along fingers  42  are fastened, in a manner analogous to the pusher members  28 , on an extension arm  44  which can be displaced on a vertical guide  48  by means of a slide  46 . A piston/cylinder subassembly  50  is connected to the extension arm  44  by means of a piston rod  52  and serves for displacing the carry-along fingers  42  vertically out of the rest position into the operating position. A piston/cylinder subassembly  54  serves for displacing the vertical guide  48 , which has a slide  55 , along the horizontal rail  41 .  
         [0034]     In order to improve the transfer of the web-loop arrangement  3 , braking strips  56  are arranged along the displacement path of the folds of the web-loop arrangement, on the bearing panel  4 , following the path into the receiving device, and in the receiving device  24 . Such braking strips may be formed, for example, by virtue of the bearing panel  4  being roughened or of rough strips being attached by adhesive bonding. Guide bars  58  are used on both sides of the web-loop arrangement, and guide bars  60  are used above the web-loop arrangement, for the ordered transfer of the web-loop arrangement into the receiving device  24 . Resiliently yielding stop members  62  are arranged in the receiving device  24 , in the region between the folds of the web-loop arrangement, in order for web parts which curve forward in the receiving direction to be oriented parallel to the loop arrangement.  
         [0035]     The receiving device  24  is designed as a stacking device for the web-loop arrangements. The stacking device has a rear wall  64 , which serves as a stop for the web-loop arrangement which is to be received, also a base  66 , which can be lowered in a stepwise manner by the thickness of the web-loop arrangement, and a cover  68 , which can be adjusted in relation to the base and the thickness of the web-loop arrangement, and thus the width of the web, and serves at least as a top guide for a web-loop arrangement which is to be transferred.  
         [0036]     The cover  68  is fastened on an extension arm  70  such that it can be adjusted in height via guide rods  72 . A drive  74 , for example a piston/cylinder subassembly  74 , serves, on the one hand, for advancing the cover  68  as a top guide of the web-loop arrangement during transfer from the positioning device and, on the other hand, for lowering the cover  68  synchronously with the base  66  when the stacking device is lowered. The base  66  is fastened on the rear wall  64  and can be lowered therewith. For this purpose, the rear wall  64  is connected, via a threaded part  76 , to a spindle  78  which is driven by a geared motor  80 . The base  66  can thus be lowered in each case by the thickness of a web-loop arrangement, with the result that a plurality of web-loop arrangements can be stacked one above the other. For this purpose, the receiving device contains an accommodating base  82  which can be extended the bearing panel  4  above the stacking device and is formed from two base parts  84  which can be retracted in opposite directions and can each be moved laterally out of the stacking region by means of a drive  86 , for example a piston/cylinder subassembly, in order to set down a web-loop arrangement on the stack.  
         [0037]     The stacking device  24  can be lowered into a packing station in which the stack of web-loop arrangements can be ejected out of the stacking device, by means of an ejecting ram  88 , into a laterally assigned packaging container  90 . The ejecting ram  88  is fastened on an arm  92  which can be displaced along a rail  96  by means of a slide  94 . A piston/cylinder subassembly  98  serves for displacing the ram.  
         [0038]     The packaging container  90  is arranged on a carrier  100  which can be advanced along the rail  96  toward the stacking device by means of a slide  102 . A piston/cylinder subassembly  104  is used for driving purposes. The carrier  100  contains stops  106  for orienting the packaging container  90  in relation to the stacking device  24 .  
         [0039]      FIG. 7  shows a preferred packaging container  90  for accommodating a stack of web-loop arrangements. The packaging container  90 , which preferably consists of cardboard, contains a base  108  with three side walls  110 ,  112 ,  114  integrally formed on it. Arranged on the fourth side, which serves for the introduction of the group of web loops, is a side-wall part  116  which can be swung downward and has lateral folding elements  117 . A cover  118  is articulated on the opposite side wall  112 , this cover having a border part  120  which at least largely covers the fourth side  116  and is supported by side parts  122  of the cover  118 . This design allows, on the one hand, satisfactory transfer of the group of web loops into the packaging container  90  and, on the other hand, secure closure of the packaging container once the group of web loops has been accommodated.  
         [0040]     The abovedescribed drive elements such as stepping motors and piston/cylinder subassemblies are indeed specifically preferred drive elements, but other configurations of the drives are also possible.  
         [0041]     A memory-programmable control device with microprocessors (this device not being illustrated specifically) serves for the coordinated control of the movement sequences and adjustments of the various components of the system in order to achieve at least partially automatic, but preferably fully automatic, operating sequences. In particular, it is possible, using the control device, to adjust the length of the web loops  2   a  which is desired during the folding operation, as is indicated in  FIG. 2 . It is thus possible to produce web loops of different lengths from one web loop to the next, with the result that the folds  2   b ,  2   c  of the successive web loops  2   a  are offset laterally, closer packing of the web loops thus being possible. The control device can also be used to adjust the length of the web which is to be packaged in a pack and to distribute this length uniformly over all the web-loop arrangements of the pack. This achieves not just optimum packaging, but also a web-loop density which is uniform throughout the pack, this resulting in the quality of the packaged web being uniform throughout the pack. The improvements which are possible are achieved with a simultaneous increase in performance and reduced manpower.  
         [0042]     FIGS.  8  to  11  show schematic illustrations of a further simplified embodiment of a system for packaging a flexible web  2  which is positioned in zigzag-form loops. The same designations are used for features which are the same as those in the system from FIGS.  1  to  7 . The schematically illustrated positioning device  1  corresponds to that from FIGS.  1  to  6 .  
         [0043]     The transfer device  24   a , which is arranged downstream of the positioning device  1 , has a displacement bar  124  which engages over the positioning region and is arranged on linear guides  126  on both sides of the positioning region such that it can be displaced in the X-direction by means of a drive  128 , for example of a stepping motor connected to a linear gear mechanism. The displacement bar bears two blades  130 ,  132  which can each be moved in and out in relation to the web-loop arrangement  3  by means of a drive  134  and can be displaced along the displacement bar  124  by means of slides  136 ,  138 . The drives  134  used for the blades are, for example, piston/cylinder subassemblies  140 , of which the piston rods are designed as blades  130 ,  132 . The slides  136 ,  138  can be displaced counter to one another in the Y-direction, that is to say transversely to the displacement direction of the displacement bar  124 , out of a central position above the positioning region or the web-loop arrangement by means of a further drive  142 , for example of a circulating pulling mechanism.  
         [0044]     This system according to FIGS.  8  to  11  does not require any pusher members for pushing a web-loop arrangement through beneath the pressure-exerting bar; rather, it functions as follows.  
         [0045]     In the first instance, a blade  130  is moved into the web-loop arrangement  3 , passing out of the positioning device  1 , at a predetermined location between a web loop  2   a , and the displacement bar  124  is advanced in the X-direction until the web loop is opened. The first blade  130  is then raised again and the two blades  130 ,  132  are moved centrally into the opened web loop  2   a  and moved apart from one another in the Y-direction until they are spaced apart from the border of the web-loop arrangement by a distance corresponding approximately to a quarter of the width of the web-loop arrangement, as is shown in  FIG. 10 , this bringing the operation of separating the web loop to completion. With the blades  130 ,  132  lowered, the displacement bar  124  is displaced in the X-direction until the web-loop arrangement which has been separated off has reached the stacking device  144  of the transfer device. The blades  130 ,  132  are then raised and the displacement bar is moved back into the starting position for the transfer of a further web-loop arrangement.  
         [0046]     The operations of separating off and transferring the web-loop arrangement can take place with interrupted, but preferably continuous loop positioning on the part of the positioning device.  
       List of Designations  
       [0000]    
       
           1  Positioning device  
           2  Web  
         
           2 
           a  
         
         
           2 
           b  
         
           2   c  Fold, set back  
           3  Web-loop arrangement  
           4  Bearing panel  
           6  Positioning carriage  
           7  Positioning roller  
           8  Positioning roller  
           10  Guide rod  
           11  Guide device  
           12  Pressure-exerting bar  
           14  Pressure-exerting surface  
           16  Braking bar  
           18  Support  
           20  Piston/cylinder subassembly  
           22  Spindles  
           24  Receiving device  
           25  Adjusting device  
           25   a  Stepping motor  
           25   b  Gear mechanism  
           26  Transfer device  
           26   a  Transfer device  
           28  Pusher members  
           30  Extension arm  
           32  Slide  
           34  Vertical guide  
           36  Piston/cylinder subassembly  
           38  Piston rod  
           39  Slide  
           40  Piston/cylinder subassembly  
           41  Rail  
           42  Carry-along finger  
           44  Extension arm  
           46  Slide  
           48  Vertical guide  
           50  Piston/cylinder subassembly  
           52  Piston rod  
           54  Piston/cylinder subassembly  
           55  Slide  
           56  Braking strip  
           58  Guide bar, lateral  
           60  Guide bars  
           62  Stop member  
           64  Rear wall  
           66  Base  
           68  Cover  
           70  Extension arm  
           72  Guide rod  
           74  Piston/cylinder subassembly  
           76  Threaded part  
           78  Spindle  
           80  Geared motor  
           82  Accommodating base  
           84  Base part  
           86  Drive  
           88  Ejecting ram  
           90  Packaging container  
           92  Arm  
           94  Slide  
           96  Rail  
           98  Piston/cylinder subassembly  
           100  Carrier  
           102  Slide  
           104  Piston/cylinder subassembly  
           106  Stop  
           108  Base  
           110  Sides  
           112  Sides  
           114  Sides  
           116  Side-wall part  
           117  Folding element  
           118  Cover  
           120  Border part  
           122  Side parts  
           124  Displacement bar  
           126  Linear guide  
           128  Drive  
           130  Blade  
           132  Blade  
           134  Drive  
           136  Slide  
           138  Slide  
           140  Piston/cylinder subassembly  
           142  Drive  
           144  Stacking device