Abstract:
A faucet which uses a light detector to control the faucet as a matter of convenience and for conserving water, and which uses a manual control at power failure when the light detector is not operative so that a supply of water is available at any time from the faucet.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     With the advance of science, the standard of living is improving. Development of improved domestic water supply and associated hardware shows the progress achieved in the standard of living. However, the conventional city water system is using hand controlled faucets. Though these may be convenient, they must be closed by hand after use, and thus dirt and/or bacteria on the faucet will again be transferred to the hands just cleaned. 
     Also, use of a manually controlled faucet is not always convenient enough. Parts may be subjected to wear and damage easily due to frequent turning of its bolt, and damage of leak-proofing components causes water to leak. In view of the aforesaid defects, a light-detector controlled faucet has been invented. Detection of any article or hand below such faucet will open and close the faucet automatically and thus leaving of dirt or bacteria on the hand is prevented. However, this faucet can function only when power is available. Any power failure will preclude an elective water supply, and more inconvenience exists. 
     Accordingly, I have created a light-detector/hand-controlled faucet which permits manual operation of the faucet at times of power failure to activate the faucet by way of the light-detector. 
     Furthermore, the present invention includes a device to control the temperature of out flowing water, so that it can provide water of any desired temperature, or selectively cool and hot water alone. 
     The light-detector hand-controlled faucet with water temperature regulator is described below with reference to the attached drawings. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provide a water faucet, particularly a light-detector hand-controlled faucet with water temperature regulator characterized by a light detector to control the faucet normally for convenience of use and water conservation, and a hand-control for use at times of power failure when the light-detector is not operative so that a desired water supply is available at any time from the faucet. Furthermore, the present invention has a water temperature regulating device which permits supply of water at any desired temperature, or cool or hot water at the user&#39;s discretion. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a perspective fragmental view of an embodiment according to the present invention. 
     FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an assembly of the embodiment according to the present invention. 
     FIGS. 3A-D illustrates in several views the action of the faucet according to the present invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Referring to FIG. 1, a perspective fragmental view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the manifold (1) is a cross-fitting. The lower end of the cross-type fitting (1) is connected to a hot water pipe (11) and a cool or cold water pipe (12). The horizontal transverse section includes a tubular portion (13), and a parallel tubular water temperature control section (14). The portion (13) includes a selector slot (15) i.e. the long openings at the top, a valve hole (16) which has a diameter which is smaller than that of the tubular portion (13) at the bottom, and a water outlet (17) communicating with the end of the tubular portion (13). The water temperature control section (14) has an end communicating directly with the hot water pipe (11) and the cool water pipe (12), with a mixed water outlet (18) located above the hot water pipe (11). In front of the water temperature control section (14), there is a second lower slot selector (19), i.e. the long opening at the bottom. The valve hole (16) is provided by a tubular projection with a surface in the form of a step surrounded by a circular valve opening (20). The water outlet (17) is surrounded by a circular pipe coupling (21). An electric wire conduit (22) extends from the space between the coupling (21) and the water outlet (17) to a lateral end surface of the transverse section of the manifold (1). 
     The tie ring (31) is a circular ring with a circular protuberance around its center and a tubular water pressure pipe (32) at its peripheral surface. 
     The valve element (33) is a soft and elastic sleeve with an outer diameter such that it just fits at the inner wall of the valve opening (20), a shoulder at an extension of the peripheral surface, and a valve cover (34) having an outer diameter just equal to the valve hole (16). The valve sleeve (33) also includes a connection hole (35) at the center, and a hole (36) at the shoulder of the valve sleeve (33) for communicating with the water pressure pipe (32) at the ring (31). 
     The valve extender (37) has a conical head, a neck having an outer diameter to just fit the connecting hole (35), a cylindrical portion, a disk-like recess at the bottom, and a long tubular water pressure balance passage or pipe (38) extending along its center. 
     The connection element (39) is a ring-like cover with a stop hole (40) communicating with the water pressure pipe (32). 
     The metallic extending pin (41) has magnetic properties and is connected to a soft, elastic, and short cylindrical stop head (42) at one end. 
     The extending pin stop head (43) is in the form of a disc with a tubular extension called the extending pin container (44), for containing the extending pin (41) and a compression spring (45). The extending pin stop head (43) is placed within an induction coil (46). The valve control post (51) is in the form of a cylinder corresponding in diameter to the tubular valve control portion (13) and has two leak-proof rings (52) in the middle, an axial pin (53) aligned with the center of the valve hole (16) at its front end, and a short radially directed, cylindrical, selector pin (54) adapted to be disposed in the selector slot (15). 
     The valve control ring (55) is a ring with a first groove (56) at its inner wall for receiving the selector pin (54). 
     The water temperature control post (57) is a cylinder corresponding in diameter to the water temperature control section (14) and has a hollow rear tubular section, a water outlet (58) at the rear end, and a water inlet (59) in the middle of the hollow rear tubular section at a position where the distance between it and the end of the water temperature control post (57) is just equal to the distance between the cool water pipe (12) to the bottom of the water temperature control section (14). The water temperature control post (57) has two leak-proof rings (60) in the middle, and beneath its front end it has a short cylindrical duct (61) corresponding in diameter to the width of the second selector slot (19). 
     The ring (62) has a block at its inner circumference adapted to engage in the selector slot (15). 
     The temperature control ring (63) has an oblique groove (64) at its inner wall adapted to receive the cylindrical duct (61) and along its inner wall it has a plurality of openings (65). 
     The temperature setting element (66) is a circular disk with a rectangular opening having a pin hole (67) at a block above the opening, a round hole (68) at the center, two screw holes (69) below the hole (68), and a temperature setting pin (70) corresponding in diameter to the pin hole (67) on the block, and a compression spring (71) beneath the block. 
     The cover (72) is in the form of a disk with four equidistant blocks or retainer pieces around its center at one side. 
     With reference to FIG. 2, a perspective view of the embodiment, for assembly of the present invention, the valve extender (37) is inserted into the connecting hole (35) of the valve sleeve (33). Then, the tie ring (31) and the connection cover (33) are connected to the valve sleeve (33) at the respective side so that the water pressure pipe (32) is passing through the hole (36) and the stop hole (40), and is fixed in the stop hole (40) to form a valve. 
     The said valve is then placed in the valve opening (20), the valve cover (34) is then fixed to the valve hole (16) to provide a shut-off valve. 
     The extending pin (41) and the compressing spring (45) are placed in the extending pin container (44), and then the extending pin stop head (43) is placed within the induction coil (46) which is fixed to the manifold (1) by screws. Then, the soft and flexible stop head (42) at the front end of the extending pin (41) is pushing against the water pressure balance passage (38) at the center of the valve extender (37). 
     The valve control post (51) is installed at the valve control section (13) and lead-proofing is achieved by its leak-proof rings (52). After connecting the groove (56) in the valve control ring (55) and the selector pin (54), the valve control post (51) is pushes forward so that the selector pin (54) is located within the selector slot (15) and the valve control ring (55) is connected to the manifold (1). The ring (62) is then placed beside the valve control ring (55). 
     The groove (64) in the temperature control ring (63) is first connected to the selector (61), and then the water temperature control post (57) is placed in the water temperature control element (14) so that the cylindrical duct (61) is matching with the lower selector slot (19). After moving the water temperature control post (57) to the end of the water temperature control section (14), the water inlet (59) at the water temperature control post (57) is just aligning with the cool water pipe (12) to completely seal the hot water pipe (11). 
     The temperature setting pin (70) is inserted in the pin hole (67) in the manner that the compression spring (71) is acting against the temperature setting pin (70). Then, the temperature setting disk (66) is fixed to the manifold (1) with screws (not shown), and the cover (72) is fixed against the hole (68) on the temperature setting disk (66). 
     For the application with use of the light-detector, please refer to FIGS. 2 and 3A-B, which illustrate the action of the valve according to the present invention. FIG. 3-A shows the condition where the valve is not in use. As water pressure exists on the back of the water pressure balance passage (38), the valve cover (34) closes the valve hole (16) to prevent water from flowing out through the water outlet (18) and valve hole (16). Whenever articles or hands are going to be washed beneath the valve, the detector (73) detects and sends a signal to the induction coil (46) so that a magnetic force exists to attract the extending pin (41) to move backwards, (FIG. 3-B), then the stop head (42) on the extending pin (41) is disengaged from the water pressure balance passage (38), so that the pressure on the valve extender (37) disappears, and, due to opening of the water pressure balance passage (38), the water pressure at the water outlet (18) is greater than that at the back of the valve extender, so that the valve is opened and water flows out through the water outlet (18) and the valve hole (16). 
     When the articles or hands are moved out of the detection scope of the detector (73), as shown in FIG. 3-A, the stop head (42) is again acting against the water pressure balance passage (38), and water is no longer able to flow out through the water pressure balance passage (38) and the valve hole (16). Instead water enters into the rear of the valve extender (37) through the water pressure pipe (32), with the increasing pressure following the flowing in of water until the pressure on the back of the valve extender (37) is greater than that at the valve hole (16), so that the soft valve cover (34) is moved by the valve extender (37) to close the valve hole (16) so that no more water will flow out from the valve. 
     The above action can exists only when there is a power supply acting on the coil. At the condition of a power failure, water does not flow since the valve cover (34) is closing the valve hole (16), but by turning the valve control ring (55), the groove (56) can cause the valve control post (51) to move forward, and the pin (53) will then push the valve extender (37) backwards as shown in FIG. 3C so that the soft valve cover (34) is not covering the valve hole (16) consequently, water flows out through the water outlet (18) and the valve hole (16). 
     For stopping water flow, as indicated in FIG. 3-D, the valve control ring (55) is turned in reverse direction to move the pin (53) away from the valve extender (37). Then, part of the water flow will enter towards the back of the valve extender (37), via the water pressure pipe (32), and the stop head (42) will act against the water pressure balance passage (38). The pressure increases following increase of water flow, and the valve extender (37) will push the soft valve cover (34) to close the valve hole (16) when the water pressure on the back of the valve extender (37) is greater than that on the water outlet (18), in order to stop water supply. 
     Rotation of the temperature control ring (63) can cause the water temperature control post (57) to move forwards or backwards in a horizontal level. Since the water inlet (59) on the water temperature control post (57) can match with the cool water pipe (12) to various degrees, and the base of the water temperature control post (57) can regulate the water outlet volume from the hot water pipe (11), a desired water temperature can be obtained by mixing cool and hot water at a suitable proportion. 
     In case the water temperature control post (57) has been sufficiently shifted in the water temperature control slot (14), the hot water pipe (11) is completely closed, but the cool water pipe (12) is fully matching with the water inlet (59) on the water temperature control post (57) so that only cool water is flowing out from the valve. 
     In case the water temperature control post (57) has been moved fully in the opposite direction, the water inlet (59) on the water temperature control post (57) is entirely clear of the cool water pipe (12), so that the cool water pipe (12) is completely closed. Thus, hot water only is flowing out from the valve. 
     The opening (65) on the temperature control ring (65), after being stopped by the temperature setting pin (70), indicates a position at which the water temperature control post (57) will account for a certain hot and cool water proportion. Therefore, the present invention can provide hot water, cool water, or water of any desired temperature at the user&#39;s discretion by referring to the position of control ring (65). 
     In conclusion, the present invention can operate with and without power supply. It provides a water supply at times of power failure, and the detector is operative with a supply of power for convenience purpose. The present invention permits mixing cool and hot water, and water at any desired temperature at the user&#39;s discretion. Indeed, it combines the merits of detector controlled and hand controlled faucets, but eliminates defects of both.