Abstract:
A device is configured for white balancing a medical videoscopic camera system prior to videoscopic medical procedures, as well as optionally simultaneously or non-simultaneously applying a fog-prohibiting agent to the distal lens of a medical videoscope such as an endoscope or laparoscope. The device combines a white balancing mechanism, protective mechanism, and defogging mechanism in one simple easy to use device.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/763,472, filed on Jan. 30, 2006, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD OF INVENTION 
     This invention generally relates to a device for white balancing a camera, and more specifically relates to a device for white balancing a medical videoscopic camera system prior to videoscopic medical procedures, as well as optionally simultaneously or non-simultaneously applying a fog-prohibiting agent to the distal lens of a medical videoscope such as, for example, an endoscope, laparoscope, bronchoscope, cystoscope or otoscope. The device combines a white balancing mechanism, protective mechanism, and defogging mechanism in one simple easy to use device. 
     BACKGROUND 
     The color of light reflected off of a subject changes with the color of the light source. Unlike a human eye, a digital camera is unable to adapt to these changes. The human eye/brain automatically compensates for the color temperature of light falling on an object. When you move from the bright, blue-tinted sunlight to the dim, yellow-tinted indoor lighting, your eye automatically adjusts to the different color of light and changes your perception accordingly. If your brain knows it is looking at something white, it will look white in bright sunlight or inside even under a fluorescent light. Unfortunately, even the most expensive video cameras cannot automatically do what the eye does, so we have to show our cameras what we want them to read as “white” in any given scene. 
     In most digital cameras, the illumination intensity and color temperature must be measured and adjusted to ensure that a white object is recorded as white. This process is often referred to as white balancing, and is a software or hardware option on all digital cameras. It is important with digital cameras to white balance manually for the absolute best video output results. 
     White balancing is an important function that is carried out with all digital endoscopic and laparoscopic cameras prior to videoscopic medical procedures. Normally our eyes compensate for lighting conditions with different color temperatures. A digital camera needs to find a reference point which represents white. It will then calculate all the other colors based on this white point. 
     The RGB system is one of the primary color models used to specify and represent colors in computer-controlled cameras and software. White is produced by combining equal parts of all three colors (red, green and blue) at levels of 100 percent. In white balancing a camera, a sensor on or within the camera averages the light within the scene and automatically adjusts the camera&#39;s internal color balance to zero-out any generalized color bias. By finding the difference between the white the camera sees and that of the internal reference white, the camera can adjust for the difference for every other color, thereby generating a more accurate and realistic video image. Even professional photographers who use digital still cameras carry a white reference card to properly white balance in order to capture the most accurate life-like images. It is amazing that today, in the advanced medical procedures requiring realistic and accurate video images, white balancing is rarely done correctly. 
     The video color quality is very much dependant on the accuracy of the white balance performed prior to the medical procedure. This is especially important in laparoscopic and endoscopic cameras that are involved in life and death situations. A realistic video image is crucial when trying to differentiate between slight pigmentation changes in tissues while looking for inflammation, metastasis during cancer resections or diagnostic procedures. 
     Often, doctors do not understand the importance of white balancing and so they will use a reference such as surgical gauze—which is actually full of holes and not truly white—to set the calibration. Moreover, white balancing is carried out in the open room where there is different light sources illuminating the “white” gauze sponge; this is a problem because the video inside the body will be generated using only the camera&#39;s fiber optic light source. Both of these mistakes generate an incorrect white balance point. Consequently, the video images generated often have a color shift away from the real colors. For photography, this is annoying. For medicine this can be dangerous. Moreover, doctors also often hold the scope too close to the white target distorting the camera&#39;s light, or too far exposing the white to room fluorescent lights and spot lights. 
     Laparoscopic and endoscopic cameras are involved in life and death situations, such as trying to differentiate between slight pigmentation changes in tissues when looking for inflammation or metastasis during cancer resections. Another problem is that, currently, white balancing the medical videoscope during medical procedures is a hassle. The surgeon has to coordinate with the nurse for the right time to white balance. The doctor is often sterile and cannot press the white balance button on the camera equipment. He or she must hold the sterile scope facing the “white” gauze and at the same time synchronize with the nurse to press the white balance button in the equipment. This becomes complicated and time consuming because the nurse often is busy when the surgeon is ready to white balance or the surgeon is busy when the nurse is ready to white balance. This wastes time, and time is very expensive in the operating room. 
     Additionally, from the birth of endoscopic and laparoscopic surgery to the present, surgeons have continually dealt with a persistent and annoying problem, the fogging of the scope lens. The fogging of the scope is very costly. When scopes fog up during surgery, the surgeon cannot see and must pause the surgery until the picture can be cleared up. This routine commonly occurs at least several times during every procedure. With the incredible costs relating to anesthesia and surgical staff, the wasted time in the aggregate equals hundreds and thousands of dollars. 
     Condensation on the lens occurs because there are temperature differences which occur initially when the cold scope enters the warm moist body, and transiently during the procedure when the doctor coagulates tissue. Since many medical procedures are sterile, current methods to solve both these visualization problems are limited to messy anti-fog solutions and inaccurate white balancing techniques. 
     Another major problem is that the white reference must often be sterile, so doctors typically use the “white” surgical gauze sponge to white balance. These sponges are in reality full of holes and actually not the ideal white. By white balancing with an off-white, that is illuminated by different lights with different color temperatures, doctors are settling for below optimum video image quality. Ultimately, this may distort the accuracy of the white balance and diminish the quality and the true reproduction of the color in the video generated from inside the body during the medical procedure. Having below optimum video color quality could be dangerous as inflammation and cancer metastasis often presents as discreet color changes. This is becoming more and more important as endoscopes and laparoscopes are becoming vital diagnostic instruments. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In an aspect of the present invention, a device for white balancing a medical videoscope such as, for example, an endoscope or laparoscope includes a housing having an outer surface defining an opening, an interior of the housing defining a canal having a first end communicating with the opening and a second end terminating within the housing for receiving a distal lens of a medical videoscope, and a white balancing reference material disposed adjacent to the second end of the canal. 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for a multi-function device which is used for white balancing medical videoscopic cameras as well as an applicator for applying an anti-fog agent such as a liquid, gel or coating to the medical videoscope prior to a medical procedure. 
     The present invention entails a small, sterile, single patient use, disposable device containing an internal canal with a true white colored target at the end of the canal. The true white color inside the device is formulated to match the RGB combination most commonly used as internal reference true white for medical videoscopic digital camera systems. The target can be a painted surface, fabric pad, or another cushioning material, preferably a foam sponge. The target is designed to allow a space for the light to reflect, preferably with a concave space in the center of the foam sponge. Contained within the canal or in a reservoir surrounding the sponge is an anti-fog agent used to prevent fogging of the scope. This agent is preferably a surfactant wound cleaning solution that both inhibits fog and aids in the cleaning of the scope. 
     The device is sterile and is opened prior to beginning a medical procedure. After the device is opened on a supply table, the nurse or doctor can place the device over the distal end of the medical videoscope. Inside the device, the distal lens of the scope faces a white material that covers the entire viewing area. The doctor or nurse then presses the white balance button on the camera equipment and the digital camera uses the white sponge as the reference white and properly executes the white balance calibration. The white target is optionally submerged in or impregnated with an anti-fog agent that is simultaneously or non-simultaneously applied to the distal lens upon the insertion of the distal scope into the device. The defogging mechanism can be activated and an antifog agent applied to the scope at the beginning and intermittently during the procedure. The device provides an environment for the scope which facilitates easy and accurate white balancing for medical videoscopes prior to and during medical procedures. 
     More specifically, the present invention relates to a single patient use, sterile device that contains a tunnel space within it. At the innermost end of the tunnel is contained a white colored light diffusing material. The material can be a colored surface, cushion, fabric pad, or foam sponge. The material is impregnated or submerged in an anti-fog agent such as a liquid, a gel, a coating, or a surfactant cleaning solution which also has antifog properties. The white sponge has a specifically formulated white color to facilitate white balancing. White is generated from the equal combination of different colors. The true white material in the device is the same RGB combination most commonly used as internal reference white for medical videoscopic digital camera systems. The true white material can also be impregnated with a wound cleaning surfactant solution or be used to scrub the distal lens while the scope is inserted in the device. 
     The device is placed over the distal lens of a medical videoscope such as an endoscope or laparoscope. By placing the scope inside the device and then activating a white balance button on the camera equipment, the scope is white balanced correctly and conveniently. The optimum white balance is achieved by not only using a true white reference but also by illuminating the white reference solely with the camera&#39;s light source. During medical procedures, white balancing is currently done in the open room which is illuminated by fluorescent lights and spot lights. This conventional way of white balancing is a mistake, since inside the body the only light illuminating the organs is a fiber optic light. 
     Additionally, when the scope is inside the device for white balancing, the lens is making simultaneous contact with a solution or agent formulated to inhibit fog on the medical videoscope or aid in cleaning blood and debris from the lens. The liquid additionally provides an improvement in visualization. Fog is a major problem during endoscopic surgery. When cold scopes are introduced into the warm moist body, condensation occurs. This condensation fogs the viewing area forcing the procedure to be delayed until it clears up. 
     What is needed is a device that not only makes white balancing accurate and easy but also a device which includes a defogging mechanism. The defogging mechanism may be with the use of a cold anti-fog liquid or and electrical or exothermic mechanism that heats the anti-fog liquid. The device is opened prior to any medical procedure and placed over the distal lens of the medical videoscope. White balancing is performed by pressing the white balance button in the camera equipment. The device is then removed from the distal scope immediately prior to its insertion into the body and can be reinserted into the device whenever the scope is removed from the body. The device is sterile, for single patient use, and can be discarded after each procedure or kept on the distal scope until the scope is resterilized. 
     Additionally even with a perfect white, it is vital that the scope lens be held at a certain minimum distance from the white target for the light to properly reflect. The device provides a mechanism that provides a consistent, set space between the scope lens and the true white target. This space is also part of the defogging mechanism. Within the device a collection of an antifog agent is kept. When the doctor decides, he can activate a mechanism which forces the defogging liquid to rush out of the reservoir and into the space between the white target and the scope. The scope lens is thoroughly covered with the antifog agent. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       These objects and features of the invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description along with the accompanying drawing figures, wherein: 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a white balance device embodying the present invention. 
         FIG. 2A  is a side view of the device of  FIG. 1  with heating components removed. 
         FIG. 2B  is a side view of the device with a medical videoscope inserted therein. 
         FIG. 2C  is a perspective view of the device showing a securing mechanism. 
         FIG. 3A  is a front perspective view showing a housing of the device. 
         FIG. 3B  is a front view of the housing of  FIG. 3A . 
         FIG. 3C  is a cross-sectional view of the housing taken along the lines  3 C- 3 C of  FIG. 3B . 
         FIG. 3D  is a top view of the housing. 
         FIG. 3E  is a cross-sectional view of the housing taken along the lines  3 E- 3 E of  FIG. 3D . 
         FIG. 3F  is a cross-sectional view of the housing taken along the lines  3 F- 3 F of  FIG. 3D . 
         FIG. 4A  is a perspective view of an embodiment of an inner chamber of a white balance device. 
         FIG. 4B  is a plan view of the inner chamber. 
         FIG. 4C  is a cross-sectional view of the inner chamber taken along the lines  4 C- 4 C of  FIG. 4B . 
         FIG. 5A  is a perspective view of a white balancing reference material. 
         FIG. 5B  is a top plan view of the reference material. 
         FIG. 5C  is a cross-sectional view of the reference material taken along the lines  5 C- 5 C of  FIG. 5B . 
         FIG. 6A  is a perspective view of an embodiment of a self-sealing mechanism of a white balance device. 
         FIG. 6B  is a bottom plan view of the self-sealing mechanism. 
         FIG. 6C  is a cross-sectional view of the self-sealing mechanism taken along the lines  6 C- 6 C of  FIG. 6B . 
         FIG. 6D  is a top plan view of the self-sealing mechanism. 
         FIG. 7A  is a perspective view of a trigger of a heat activating switch. 
         FIG. 7B  is a side view of the trigger. 
         FIG. 7C  is a plan view of the trigger. 
         FIG. 8A  is a perspective view of a securing mechanism. 
         FIG. 8B  is a plan view of the securing mechanism. 
         FIG. 9A  is a perspective view of an insertion hole adapter. 
         FIG. 9B  is a plan view of the adapter. 
         FIG. 9C  is a cross-sectional view of the adapter taken along the lines  9 C- 9 C of  FIG. 9B . 
         FIG. 10  is a perspective view showing a white balance device embodying the present invention oriented to maintain a laparoscope inserted therein in an upright position. 
         FIG. 11  is a perspective view showing the device of  FIG. 10  oriented to maintain the laparoscope inserted therein in a resting position. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     With reference to  FIGS. 1 through 3F , a white balance device embodying the present invention is indicated generally by the reference number  10 . The device  10  comprises a housing or outer shell  12 . The housing  12  has an outer surface  14  defining an opening  16  for inserting therein a medical videoscope such as a laparoscope or endoscope. An interior of the housing  12  defines a canal  18  having a first end  20  communicating with the opening  16  and a second end  22  terminating within the housing  12  for receiving a distal lens of a medical videoscope. A white balancing reference material  24  (see  FIGS. 5A through 5C ) is disposed within the housing  12  adjacent to the second end  22  of the canal  18 . 
     The device  10  preferably accommodates a defogging material  26  adjacent to the second end  22  of the canal  18  for treating and preventing the distal lens of a medical videoscope from fogging during a medical procedure. The device  10  preferably further comprises a heating mechanism  28  in thermal communication with the canal  18  for heating an interior wall of the canal and the surgical defogging material  26  disposed within the canal to further prevent the distal lens of a medical videoscope from fogging. Alternatively, the heating mechanism  28  can be in thermal communication with the canal  18  for heating an interior wall of the canal to prevent a distal lens of a medical videoscope disposed in the canal from fogging when no defogging material is disposed in the canal. The device  10  further comprises a self-sealing mechanism  30  (see  FIGS. 6A through 6D ) disposed at least partly within the canal  18  and is configured for allowing a medical videoscope to enter the canal and make contact with the surgical defogging material  26  and for preventing the surgical defogging material from spilling out of the canal. 
     Preferably, the housing or shell  12  is made of an insulating foam material such as a medical grade polyurethane foam or any solid which can be a shock absorbing insulating material. The shell  12  can be designed to protect the lens of a medical videoscope or any other type of instrument from damage prior, during, and after a surgical procedure. The material is preferably inexpensive since the device  10  is preferably disposable and for single patient use. An outer cover of the shell  12  preferably is constructed of high density polyurethane, etha, viscoelastic, latex foams, and the like. The outer cover can also be made from rubber-like foam. A semi-flexible thermoplastic can also be used. The outer cover can also be made from insulating cardboard or a thick insulating fabric. The outer cover can alternatively be constructed out of a plastic frame covered by a silicone or insulating plastic. It is important that the material have good shock absorbing and insulating properties. 
     The device  10  is preferably shaped as in  FIG. 1  but can alternatively be made in any other practical shape such as a cube, square or spherical shape. The device  10  can also have a tubular shape. The device  10  can have rounded corners or square corners. The device  10  exteriorly is preferably about 4 inches long, 3.5 inches wide, and 4 inches high, but generally can be as small as about 15 mm wide, 1 inch long, and 15 mm high. Alternatively the device  10  generally can be as large as about 6 inches wide, 6 inches long and 8 inches high. Clearly, the device  10  can be sized to accommodate the shape of any medical instrument used. 
     The device  10  preferably includes a securing mechanism  32  (see  FIGS. 2C ,  8 A and  8 B) coupled to a bottom of the housing  12 . For example, the securing mechanism  32  as illustrated is a solid flap, which can have the same perimeter as the base of the housing  12 . This flap is attached only at the front bottom part of the device  10  so as to create a hinge. The flap is also preferably attached in the middle by two elastic bands. The flap can be constructed of a high-density foam material, cardboard or plastic. Preferably, the flap is constructed of a microfiber material. The external face of the bottom flap has an adhesive material that has a protective cover until it is needed. 
     When surgery begins and the surgeon brings the device  10  up to the operative field he can secure the device anywhere on top of the drapes by removing a protective cover from an adhesive bottom of the securing mechanism  32  and securing the device  10  anywhere on the operative field. The device  10  can also be secured by an assistant to a sterile equipment tray, from which a medical videoscope can then be passed to the surgeon. The function of the securing mechanism  32  as a flap is so that the scope can be inserted vertically, but when it is not in use the flap  32  allows the device  10  to rotate horizontally and rest on the drapes while the scope remains inside the device. Although the device  10  rotates along the hinge of the flap  32 , the flap maintains the device  10  securely attached to the drapes with the adhesive coating. 
     Alternatively, the device  10  may be constructed without the flap  32  and adhesive can be placed directly on the bottom of the device. Furthermore, the device  10  can be secured to any surface through such components such as, but not limited to, adhesives, screws, magnetism, mounts, and clips. Moreover, the device  10  can remain unsecured to any surface and be put on and pulled off the scope as needed during the medical procedure. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 1 and 9A  through  9 C, the device  10  preferably includes an opening adapter  33  to effectively reduce the diameter of the opening  16  for accommodating smaller diameter videoscopes. The adapter  33  includes a flexible longitudinal stem  35  having a base portion  37  at one end of the stem and a reduced opening portion  39  at another end of the stem. As shown in  FIG. 1 , the base portion  37  is coupled to a lower portion of the housing  12 . The flexible longitudinal stem  35  is bendable in order to insert the reduced opening portion  39  into the opening  16  of the housing  12 . The opening adapter  33  is preferably made of a flexible medical grade silicone plastic, but can also be constructed out of other flexible materials. The diameter of the reduced opening portion  39  is shown by way of example to be mm, but other sizes can be employed without departing from the scope of the present invention. 
       FIGS. 2A through 2C  show the white balance device  10  with the heating mechanism  28  removed for simplicity of illustration. The device  10  preferably includes an inner chamber or center sheath  34  (see also  FIGS. 4A through 4C ) defining the canal  18  and accommodated within a cavity of the housing. The canal  18  and the center sheath  34  are sized and shaped to accommodate a medical videoscope when inserted therein. The canal  18  and the sheath  34  preferably extend directly down the center of the device  10  from an upper front to a lower back portion. The sheath  34  can alternatively extend directly down a center or lateral to a center of the device  10 . The location of the sheath  34  can be in any configuration as long as uniform thermal conductivity is achieved. The length of the sheath  34  is preferably about 3 inches long but can be as long as about 8 inches or as short as about 0.5 inches. The sheath  34  preferably has the shape of a tube. The tubular diameter inside the sheath can be about 5 mm, 10 mm, or any other practical diameter depending on the size and shape of the medical instrument to be inserted therein. The embodiment of the sheath  34  is preferably constructed of stainless steel or aluminum for good heat transfer properties, but may also be constructed of, but not limited to, a thin piece of high-density polyurethane, etha, viscoelastic or latex foam. The sheath  34  can also be made of rubber-like foam or thin plastic. A water impermeable fabric can also be used. The sheath  34  can alternatively be constructed of silicone or a rubber-like material. The sheath  34  can all be white or any other color. 
     As mentioned above, preferably the self-sealing mechanism  30  is disposed at least partly within the canal  18  and the sheath  34  to prevent the surgical defogging material  26  from spilling out of the opening  16  of the device  10 . The canal  18  or the sheath  34  preferably accommodates the defogging material  26  such as an antifog, lens cleaning agent, or surfactant solution, and may lead into or define a reservoir which is filled with the defogging material. 
     An example of the self-sealing mechanism  30  is illustrated with reference to  FIGS. 6A through 6D . The self-sealing mechanism  30  generally has the shape of a tube within a tube. Preferably, the self-sealing mechanism  30  is made of a flexible medical grade silicone plastic. The self-sealing mechanism  30  is configured to allow a medical videoscope to enter a reservoir at the second end  22  of the canal  18  or inner end of the sheath  34  and make contact with the defogging material  26  and prevent the defogging material when in the form of liquid or gel from spilling out of the opening  16  of the housing  12  when the device  10  is turned upside down while the scope is removed from the device. In other words, the self-sealing mechanism  30  is configured to function as a type of one-way valve to allow passage therethrough in only one direction. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 6A through 6D , a preferred embodiment of the self-sealing mechanism  30  includes an upper lip  51  for being seated on the first end  20  of the sheath  34 . The self-sealing mechanism  30  further includes three flaps or pockets  53  depending downwardly from the upper lip  51  and spaced from one another circumferentially about a periphery of the self-sealing mechanism  30  such that the pockets are facing an inner surface of the sheath  34 . The self-sealing mechanism  30  has a center tube or duck bill  55  depending downwardly from the upper lip  51  and defines a slit  57  at a bottom portion thereof for permitting a scope to pass therethrough. The center tube  55  is spaced radially inwardly of the pockets  53  so as to define a space between the center tube and the pockets. 
     The self-sealing mechanism  30  prevents liquid from spilling out by creating and trapping liquid in the space around the first end  20  of the canal  18  or the sheath  34  defining the canal. When the sheath  34  is turned with the reservoir down all the liquid will fall into the reservoir. As the sheath  34  and the reservoir are turned upside down, the liquid slides along the side of the sheath  34  and enters the space of the self-sealing mechanism  30  surrounding the distal end of the sheath  34 . The pockets  53  relieve pressure caused by a scope entering the reservoir. With a sealed enclosure provided by the center tube  55 , as a scope is inserted through the center tube  55  pressure builds as the scope takes up space within the reservoir. The center tube or duck bill  55  is configured to prevent fluid or air from escaping, and thus the pressure build-up tries to force the scope out of the reservoir. The pockets  53  overcome such detrimental pressure build-up upon the scope. As the pressure builds, instead of pushing the scope out of the reservoir, the pockets deform taking up less space and balancing out the pressure. In other words, the pockets  53  are configured to serve as a pressure compensating system of the self-sealing mechanism  30 . 
     Alternatively, the self-sealing mechanism can resemble a heart valve or be made with a flap and a hinge that only opens in one direction. The self-sealing mechanism can also resemble a valve in a human vein. Moreover, the self-sealing mechanism can be a ball and socket mechanism in which a ball inside the reservoir plugs the hole when the reservoir is turned upside down but still allows for the scope to enter in the other direction. The self-sealing mechanism is preferably constructed from a resilient plastic or other rubber-like material. It can also be made from a high-density foam or water impermeable fabric. The self-sealing mechanism can also be made of metal, aluminum, or silicone plastic. The self-sealing mechanism can be any configuration known to a person skilled in the art to prevent leakage and splash back of fluid. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 2A through 2C , the white balancing reference material  24  is disposed adjacent to the second end  22  of the canal  18  such that when a lens  25  of a scope  31  is placed into the reservoir, the lens approaches within a predetermined distance of the reference material  24 . The white balancing reference material  24  is preferably a true white, soft, non-scratch, absorbent material. The material must have a good light diffusing property. More preferably, the white balancing reference material  24  includes a sponge having a white color with a chromaticity of about D-65 or about a D-50 or about D-100. The white color of the white balancing reference material  24  is preferably equal parts of red, blue and green, but can have slight deviations designed to match the camera system specifications of the medical videoscope  31  to be white balanced by the reference material. The white balancing reference material  24  can be square in shape or in the shape of a rectangle. Alternatively the reference material  24  can be in the shape of an ellipse or a circle. The shape of the reference material  24  is dependent on the shape of the scope to be white balanced. The reference material  24  can be about ¼ to about 1/16 of an inch thick. The reference material  24  is made out of a low density foam or other soft material which can be either hydrophobic or hydrophylic. Preferably, the reference material  24  is made out of a white medical grade closed cell foam. 
       FIGS. 2B and 5A  through  5 C show the shape of the white balancing reference material  24  in a preferred embodiment. The reference material  24  preferably defines an indentation or narrowing portion  36  which is small enough for the distal lens  25  of the videoscope  31  to come into contact with the narrowing portion  36  and not to be able to further enter the reference material. The narrowing portion  36  is configured to maintain a predetermined space or distance  41  between the lens and a white surface of a facing base portion  43  of the reference material. The space  41  is of a sufficient distance to allow for proper white balancing of the videoscope  31 . 
     The defogging material  26 , preferably in the form of a gel or liquid, can be made of, but is not limited to, a combination of water, glycol, and a water-soluble wetting agent, alcohol, and a gelling agent. Preferably, when in the form of a liquid, the defogging material  26  is made from 1 part poloxamer 188, 99 parts water. A commercially available wound cleaning surfactant solution such as Shurclenz™ can be diluted with water and used. It may also use any other non-ionic surfactant alone or in a mixture. Alcohol may also be used in the solution. If a gelling agent is used, it can be a starch or any super absorbent polymer. Alternatively, a defogging solution can be used, and it can be any commercially available surgical defogging solution such as, for example, F.R.E.D.™ or E.L.V.I.S.™. 
     With reference to  FIG. 1 , the heating mechanism  28  is disposed adjacent to the reservoir of the second end  22  of the canal  18  or the sheath  34  so as to be in thermal communication therewith. The sheath  34  and the reservoir as part of the sheath are preferably made of stainless steel or aluminum for efficient heat transfer from the heating mechanism  28  to the defogging material  26  disposed within the reservoir. The heating mechanism  28  can include, for example, a heating element such as a wound  30  gauge copper wire or nichrome wire. The wire can be connected to a power source  40  such as a battery pack having a housing made of plastic (see  FIG. 1 ) or to another source such as an AC outlet. When activated, electricity flows from the power source  40  through the heating element  38  so as to heat the reservoir and the defogging material  26  disposed therein. 
     A thermistor or switch  27  having a thermal component may be placed in the electrical circuit of the heating mechanism  28  to turn off the flow of electricity when a predetermined temperature is reached by the defogging material  26  so as to allow the heating mechanism to maintain a constant temperature of the defogging material above body temperature for an extended period of time while being energized by the power source  40  such as, for example, only four AAA batteries  44  electrically connected in series, as shown in  FIG. 1 . Although four AAA batteries  44  are shown by way of example, different size and different quantities of batteries may be used. Preferably, a trigger or plunger  29  (see  FIGS. 1 and 7A  through  7 C) communicates with the switch  27 . The plunger  29  is preferably made of stainless steel or aluminum, but may be also be formed of plastic or other generally rigid materials. When the plunger  29  is pressed downwardly into the housing, the plunger initially doses the switch to electrically energize the heating mechanism  28  until the thermal component of the switch  27  opens the electrical circuit when the defogging material reaches the predetermined temperature. 
     The device  10  can also include an alert mechanism  46  so that upon activation a user is notified that the device is being heated by the heating mechanism  28 . For example, the alert mechanism  46  can include a light such as an LED  48  (see  FIG. 1 ) or an audible tone generator. Alternatively a thermometer or heat sensitive paint may be used as an indicator of activation. 
     The device  10  can also have a microfiber fabric  50  on all or part of the outer surface  14  of the housing  12  so that a scope lens can be wiped thereon and cleaned during a surgical procedure. The housing  12  preferably defines a ledge  61  and a depressed surface portion  63  which is covered by the microfiber  50  and against which a scope can be conveniently wiped clean. The microfiber  50  can be either permanently or removably attachable to the device  10 . The microfiber  50  can be, but is not limited to, any combination of polyester and nylon. 
     As mentioned above, the sheath  34  and the reservoir may be constructed of stainless steel or aluminum, but any metal with good heat transfer properties can be used. 
     Because a medical videoscope is submerged in the defogging material in the form of a liquid or gel, the device  10  is a protector against fire hazards. This is because light from the scope is not allowed to be concentrated on any drapes or on the patient which could otherwise cause a burn or fire. 
     The device  10  may also be packaged in combination with other medical videoscopic care products such as microfiber surgical sponges, trocar wipes, and a microfiber patient cleaning set. The kit which contains this white balancing and defogging device of the present invention in combination with other medical videoscopic care products can be called a “laparoscopic care kit” or a “laparoscopic care pack”. 
       FIG. 10  is a perspective view showing a device  10  embodying the present invention oriented to maintain a videoscope such as, for example, laparoscope  45  inserted therein in an upright position. 
       FIG. 11  is a perspective view of the device  10  of  FIG. 10  oriented to maintain the laparoscope  45  inserted therein in a resting position. The securing mechanism  32  of the device  10  serves a hinge. There is an adhesive in the bottom of the device  10  that allows the device to be secured to drapes or to a table and still allow for the scope  45  to rest freely. This allows for the scope  45  to remain inside the device  10  so as to prevent a fire hazard whenever the scope is not in use. 
     While the above invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. For example, although the white balancing reference material and defogging material are shown and described as being part of a single device, it should be understood that the white balancing reference material and defogging material can be disposed in separate devices working either simultaneously or non-simultaneously with one another without departing from the scope of the present invention. One skilled in the art may find other variations of these preferred embodiments which, nevertheless, fall within the scope and spirit of the present invention.