Abstract:
The invention relates to bodies that have a structuring with connecting elements formed around the entire girth of the body. Furthermore, the invention relates to packages including an arrangement of at least two bodies according to the invention, with the connecting elements of a first body cooperating with the corresponding connecting elements of a second body in a form-locking manner. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for producing packages from bodies. The device has an alignment unit and at least one sliding device for form-lockingly connecting the aligned bodies, with at least two bodies at a time being rotated about their longitudinal axes in order to align corresponding connecting elements of the two bodies so that they can cooperate. The invention moreover relates to a method for producing packages from bodies, whereby at least two bodies are aligned first and subsequently assembled to form a first package, with the oppositely arranged connecting elements form-lockingly interlocking.

Description:
This claims the benefit of German Patent Application 10 2009 025 912.0, filed Jun. 3, 2009 and hereby incorporated by reference herein. 
     The present invention relates to bodies that can be arranged together with other bodies of the same type to form sturdy packages. It further relates to a device and method for assembling packages from the bodies 
     BACKGROUND 
     For purposes of transportation, storage, and/or sale, filled bodies, such as bottles, cans, or similar packed goods are often packaged together in a bundle of several such bodies. Several bodies, for instance, are packed together in completely sealed cartons in one manufacturing process. 
     A further possibility is the use of so-called trays or pads on which the bodies, especially bottles, are placed. In order to fasten them together, foil is additionally wrapped around the majority of bottles and they are subsequently heat-shrunk. The foil can, however, also be used without applying trays or pads, namely in a so-called “shrink-only” process. 
     A major disadvantage of the processes described consists in the necessary use of additional packaging materials, i.e. in utilizing additional costly packaging material in combination with the appropriate packing machines. An especially adverse effect is the high energy consumption for shrinking the outer packaging in the shrink tunnel. 
     Functional bodies with connecting elements are known from DE 102004047830 A1. Said document shows a bottle with latches or snap-fits for connecting a number of such bottles to form constructive units. In this way, these units can be conveniently transported and stored and can be put to versatile uses when empty. In an empty condition the bodies are thereby easy to collect and to stack, whereas the latched connections require considerable effort for disconnecting. 
     DE 202005019327 U1 describes a body from plastic with a minimum of one notch, variable in depth and length, across at least a portion of the body. In the present case, the notch serves to withstand the pressure of carbonated drinks, in order to avoid a highly visible deformation of the bottle. 
     GB 18752 A shows a bottle with ribs arranged in a longitudinal direction, intended to prevent the bottles from rolling about, especially when they are arranged to lie on top of each other. 
     JP 52-96169 A shows a bottle with an octagonal outer cross-section and a circular inner cross-section, whereby the octagonal outer cross-section enables optimal close packing of a number of bottles. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,002,199 A shows an improved light weight bottle which is stackable. The bottle is preferably of rectangular cross-section with parallel, oppositely disposed mating indentations or elevations, permitting secure and space-saving stacking of the bottles. 
     The U.S. Design Pat. No. D52,0376 S shows a bottle form comparable to a puzzle piece with circular indentations on two and appropriate circular projections on the other two sides. The bottles can therefore be connected in the fashion of puzzle, forming a horizontal plane when lying. 
     WO 1990008068 A1 shows a bottle with a minimum of two indentations or recesses along the outer bottle surface, resulting in at least two handles, which are intended to allow a baby or infant to easily hold the bottle by itself. 
     WO 2008002579 A2 describes interlocking rectangular bodies made from plastic with the lateral area featuring at least two movable vacuum panels. The shoulder region and the base portion of the body define an interlocking structure suitable to achieve a nesting relationship with complementary mating surfaces of the adjacent bodies. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a body that can be easily assembled in packages with the bodies being detachable from each other so that preferably no or only little additional wrapping and especially no shrinking foil for outer packaging is necessary. A further alternate or additional task of the invention is to provide a package, wherein the bodies are detachably interlocked without or with only very little additional wrapping. Yet a further alternate or additional task is to provide a device for producing packages from bodies according to the invention as well as an appropriate method for producing said packages. 
     The present invention relates to bodies that can be assembled together to form sturdy and yet detachable packages, whereby preferably no additional packaging material is needed. The bodies according to the invention are preferably bottles and they consist especially of plastic, for example PET, and they are used in the beverage industry. 
     A body according to the invention has an essentially circular base shape and comprises a base, a lateral surface, and a closure that is preferably disposed on top, opposite to the base. The closure can be a reclosable screw top, a snap-fit cap, or a similar closure, but also a non-reclosable one-way closure. 
     According to the invention, the lateral surface and, where applicable, the base, too, and/or the closure are formed with a structuring. The structuring of the lateral surface is arranged essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body, whereby the longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the base of the body. The structuring of the lateral surface comprises connecting elements around the entire girth of the body, extending along more than four sides of the lateral surface. 
     According to a preferred embodiment, the connecting elements are formed like ribs. Accordingly, a notch results between every two ribs, with the notches and ribs being formed such that they engage in a form-locking manner with one another. 
     The ribs can be shaped in such a way that they are formed with or without undercut. In a particularly preferred mode of embodiment there is an undercut between ribs and notch. The undercut enables a form-locking, constantly stable connection between a rib of a first body and the corresponding notch of a second body. 
     According to a further embodiment, there is no undercut formed between ribs and notch. In general, this will only result in a form-locking connection between the rib of a first body and the corresponding notch of a second body. 
     According to a further embodiment, an undercut is formed as the result of pressing the rib of a first body into the corresponding notch of a second body. The body, i.e., features no undercut in a produced state; the undercut is not formed until two bodies are arranged and connected, thus creating a force-fit connection. 
     The connecting elements according to the invention can extend along the entire lateral surface of the bodies, or alternatively only along a portion thereof. According to one embodiment, the connecting elements extend only along one axial section of the lateral surface. According to a preferred embodiment, the connecting elements extend along an upper and along a lower axial section of the lateral surface, while the perimeter of the body in between these sections is reduced, resulting in a sort of grip area. 
     Furthermore, the connecting elements may comprise additional securing elements that serve to produce a force-fit connection between at least two bodies. In particular, it is possible to form the securing elements as elevations and indentations, with the elevations preferably arranged in the notches and the indentations preferably on the ribs. According to a further embodiment, the elevations are preferably arranged on the ribs and the indentations preferably in the notches. Furthermore, it is possible to arrange at least one indentation as well as at least one elevation on the ribs, while accordingly arranging the corresponding securing elements in the notches. 
     The body according to the invention may, according to a further embodiment, comprise a shoulder at the base and/or at the top. The shoulder serves as a sort of stop for two such connected bodies, preventing the bodies from shifting axially. 
     The production of the bodies according to the invention with or without undercut is preferably carried out by means of the customary blow molding or stretch blow molding processes. For producing bodies without undercut in the area of the notches, it is possible to apply the customarily known process with a blow mold consisting of two parts that are opened along an axis extending perpendicular to the base of the body. 
     A different blow mold would, however, have to be applied for producing bodies with an undercut in the area of the notches. Said blow mold comprises, for example, at least two parts that are opened across an axis extending perpendicular to the base of the body. 
     A further possibility is the use of bodies that, in a produced state, initially feature no undercut in the area of the notches. The undercut rather forms as a result of pressing the bodies together. In particular, the undercut only develops with the form-locking connection of two such bodies with each other, resulting in a force-fit connection at the same time. 
     A positive side-effect of the present invention is that the bodies feature an extraordinary stability due to their form, making it possible to produce especially thin-walled bottles. 
     The present invention furthermore relates to packages comprising an assembly of at least two bodies, with the bodies comprising a base, a top side, and a lateral surface, whereby the lateral surface preferably has a structuring with connecting elements formed around the entire girth of the body and with the connecting elements being arranged essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body, extending along more than four sides of the lateral surface, whereby the longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the base of the body. 
     The connecting elements are preferably formed as ribs with intermediate notches with or without undercut and they extend at least along an axial section of the lateral surface. 
     The connecting elements of the bodies assembled as packages may comprise further securing elements, especially in the form of elevations and indentations. 
     Furthermore, the bodies to be assembled as packages may comprise so-called shoulders or projections at the base and/or in the upper area. The said shoulders prevent an axial shifting of the connected bodies. 
     According to a further embodiment, there are adhesion points arranged between the bodies, with the adhesive also preventing the bodies from shifting axially. 
     A further embodiment provides for additional securing of at least two packaged bodies by means of a banderole. The assembly of bodies with connecting elements extending only along an upper and a lower area results in a grip area that is more or less located in the center of the bodies. When packaging said bodies together, the banderole is preferably affixed in this unstructured area. 
     According to a further embodiment, the package features a handle. The handle comprises at least one fastening area and at least one holding area. The fastening area is preferably designed in such a way that it interlocks form-lockingly and force-fittingly between the connecting elements, in particular into a notch between two ribs. 
     According to one embodiment, the handle comprises a molded part, in particular an injection-molded part or the like, and it comprises two fastening areas as well as one holding area of a width approximately twice the perimeter of the bodies to be assembled together. The fastening areas are preferably shaped cylindrically. It is also possible, however, that the handle serves for surrounding three or more containers that are arranged in a row. The width of the holding area must then be accordingly adjusted. 
     According to a further embodiment, a handle comprises two broadly cylindrical fastening areas with a holding area—in the form of a foil strip, a cord, or the like—arranged in between. 
     The handle is easily fastened: The fastening area between two connecting elements of a first body is fastened to, in particular clipped into, the other fastening area between two connecting elements of a second body. Thereby, the first and the second body are form-lockingly and preferably also force-fittingly connected with each other. The fastened handle forms a sturdy transporting unit with the bodies. Handle and bodies are thereby detachable from each other. 
     The special advantage of a package comprising the bodies according to the invention, with or without the handle described above, is that no outer packaging in the form of foil or a carton etc. is necessary, and that as a result, no additional costs for material are incurred. This dispenses with time-, energy-, and cost-consuming processes such as folding boxes or shrinking foils. Certain devices, such as the shrink tunnel, are also dispensed with. Banderoles or the like may certainly be applied for additional securing against axial shifting. The resulting costs for packaging are, however, lower than for the use of shrinking foil for outer packaging, for example. 
     The invention further relates to a device for assembling bodies to form sturdy, self-supporting packages with the individual bodies being easily detachable from each other. 
     The device for producing packages from bodies with structuring and connecting elements comprises an alignment unit and at least one sliding device. 
     The alignment unit rotates at least two bodies about their longitudinal axes, thus aligning the corresponding connecting elements of the two bodies so that they can cooperate with each other. The connecting elements of the two bodies are each aligned essentially parallel to their longitudinal axes. 
     The at least one sliding device is used for pushing together at least two bodies so that the rib of the first body is inserted into the notch formed between two ribs of the second body, thus resulting in a form-locking and preferably also force-fit connection between the two bodies. In this manner, a first package comprises at least two bodies is formed. 
     According to a further embodiment, the alignment unit aligns three or more bodies at a time. At least one sliding device subsequently connects these bodies to form linear packages of three or more bodies of the same kind. 
     According to a further embodiment, the device features a second sliding device that assembles the bodies connected by the first device to form a bigger unit. In particular, said device is a separating and arranging unit, in the form of an article divider, for instance. The required number of first-package-units produced by the first sliding device is arranged parallel to each other and pushed together. Said process in turn results in a form-locking and preferably also force-fit connection between the bodies of the first-package-units, thus forming larger packages that comprise several rows of bodies. 
     The alignment unit monitors the aligning of the bodies by means of image recognition systems, for example. These recognize e.g. the connecting elements of the bodies and generate appropriate signals, which are transferred to a control device, which in turn monitors the alignment unit and thus controls the appropriate rotation of the bodies. 
     The alignment unit aligns the bodies, for example, by twos at a time and the first sliding unit groups them into form-locking pairs of bodies. Three such body pairs arranged and connected with each other by the separating and arranging unit, and, for example, clipped together, will result in the common, rectangular shaped six-packs. 
     According to a further embodiment, the alignment unit arranges the bodies by threes at a time and the first sliding unit groups them into form-locking, linear units of threes. Three such linear units of threes, arranged and connected with each other by the separating and arranging unit, and, for example, clipped together, will result in square-shaped packages of nine. 
     The expert can readily imagine further variations for producing larger packages in this way; the corresponding description is therefore dispensed with. 
     Furthermore, it is possible to align, for example, three bodies, which are then assembled to form a triangular unit by the first sliding unit. Two such triangular units assembled by the second sliding unit will result in rhomboid-shaped six-packs. 
     The second sliding unit arranges the first-package-units in the requested manner by means of so-called divider bars that rest in a guiding slot. The divider bars are preferably operated independently of each other by separate drives. 
     It is furthermore possible that said device for producing packages is equipped to apply adhesion points. The said equipment can, for instance, be allocated to the first and/or to the second sliding unit. Applying adhesion points serves for additional, secure body connection—and especially prevents axial shifting—within a package assembled by a device as described above. 
     Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for assembling bodies with a structuring and with connecting elements to form sturdy packages. The method for producing packages comprises, as a first step, the alignment of at least two bodies, with the bodies being rotated about their longitudinal axes. The alignment unit thereby rotates the bodies preferably in such a way that the corresponding connecting elements of at least two bodies are aligned so that cooperating connecting elements are arranged opposite each other. The connecting elements of the bodies are arranged essentially parallel to the longitudinal axes of the bodies and preferably comprise ribs and notches arranged in between. The notches are formed in such a manner that one rib of a first body can interlock form-lockingly and preferably force-fittingly with a notch of a second body. 
     In a second step, the said at least two bodies with oppositely arranged connecting elements are form-lockingly connected with each other. These two process steps result in a first package comprises at least two bodies. 
     According to a further embodiment, the method comprises a third step for arranging and assembling at least two first packages to a second package. There is a multitude of possibilities for this step, which were in part discussed above in the context of the device for producing packages. The repeated description is therefore dispensed with. 
     According to a further embodiment, adhesion points are additionally applied to the bodies, namely at their contact areas, either before or during the second process step and/or before or during the third process step. The additional gluing mainly serves to prevent the bodies from shifting axially. 
     According to a further embodiment, the bodies can also be assembled synchronized by a robot. In particular, the connecting elements of at least two bodies can be assembled in an axial direction. 
     The connecting elements, in turn, are preferably formed as ribs and as corresponding notches, respectively. The method according to the said embodiment involves inserting at least one rib of the first body into at least one notch of the second body. The said method is particularly suitable for bodies with connecting elements that have a pronounced undercut, as this form does not require the ribs to be clipped into the corresponding notches, while nevertheless producing a form-locking and force-fit connection between the two bodies. 
     This method, again, allows for securing the connected bodies against axial shifting by applying hot glue along the ribs to be connected or else by dripping or spraying the glue from the top onto the joining point. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The exemplary embodiments in the following passages, with the aid of the attached figures, are intended to explain in detail the invention and its advantages. The size ratios of the individual elements in the figures do not necessarily reflect the real size ratios. It is to be understood that in some instances various aspects of the invention may be shown exaggerated or enlarged to facilitate an understanding of the invention. 
         FIGS. 1   a  and b show a first embodiment according to the invention; 
         FIG. 2  shows a second embodiment according to the invention; 
         FIG. 3  shows a third embodiment according to the invention; 
         FIG. 4  shows a fourth embodiment according to the invention; 
         FIGS. 5   a  and b show two bodies interlocking according to the third embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 3 ; 
         FIGS. 6   a  to d show various views of a package comprising six bodies according to the second exemplary embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIGS. 7   a  and b each show a package comprising six bodies according to the fourth exemplary embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 4 ; 
         FIGS. 8   a  to  8   c  show a handle for use with the bodies according to the invention; 
         FIGS. 9 to 11  show various views of a device for assembling bodies according to the invention as packages; 
         FIG. 12  shows a detail of the device for assembling bodies according to the invention as packages; and 
         FIG. 13  shows the axial connecting of two bottles according to the second embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 2 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The same or equivalent elements of the invention are designated by identical reference characters. For the sake of clarity, only the reference characters relevant for describing the respective figure are provided. It should be understood that the embodiments described are only examples of designing the bodies, the packages, the device, or the method according to the invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. 
       FIGS. 1   a  and  1   b  illustrate a first embodiment according to the invention. This is a specially shaped bottle  10  with a base area  50  and an upper area  51 , with a closure  2  located in the upper area  51 , and with the. bottle  10  featuring a structuring along the longitudinal axis that is perpendicular to the base  50 , and with the structuring designed as connecting elements in the form of ribs  11   a  and notches  11   b  arranged between every two ribs and extending along the entire length of the bottle  10  (cf. especially  FIG. 1   a ). 
     The ribs  11   a  of a first body  10  are formed such that they can interlock form-lockingly with the notches  11   b  of a second body  10  (cf. also  FIGS. 5   a  and  6   d ). 
       FIG. 1   b  illustrates a top view of bottle  10  and thus illustrates the cross-section of such a bottle  10 . As is easily recognizable in  FIG. 1   b , the described structuring with connecting elements, in particular with the ribs  11   a  and notches  11   b , results in a cross-section resembling a toothed wheel or cogwheel, preferably with an undercut  22  in the area of the notches  11   b . This undercut  22  is advantageous for radially clipping together several bottles  10  in a form-locking manner and thus creating a force-fit connection between at least two bottles  10  (cf. also  FIGS. 5   a ,  5   b ,  6   a ,  6   b , and  6   d ). 
     The closure is preferably a screw top, but it is also possible to use other closures, for example snap-fit caps or the like. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a second embodiment  12  according to the invention. Here the cogwheel-like cross-section extends along a lower and an upper area  32 ,  34  of the bottle&#39;s height  31 . Between the lower area  32  and the upper area  34  of the bottle&#39;s height  31 , the cross-section of bottle  12  is preferably circular, oval, or ellipsoidal. This part of the cross-section is smaller than the cogwheel-like cross-section of the upper area  32  or the upper area  34 , respectively, resulting in a grip area or a grip recess  42 , respectively, allowing the user to ergonomically grip and hold bottle  12 . The unstructured area  42  must in particular have a smaller cross-section than the structured areas  32 ,  34 , so that it is possible for the connecting elements in the form of ribs  13   a  and notches  13   b  of the structured areas  32  and  34  of two bodies  12  to interlock. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates a third embodiment  14  according to the invention with a grip recess  44 . The said embodiment resembles the second embodiment of a body  12  from  FIG. 2  but excluding the fact that it comprises additional securing elements in the form of elevations  54   a  in the notches  15   b  and indentations  54   b , respectively, on the ribs  15   a . The elevations  54   a  and the indentations  54   b , respectively, are formed in such a way that the elevations  54   a  of a first bottle  14  interlock form-lockingly with the indentations  54   b  of a second bottle  14 , in particular clipped into them, and they form a sturdy, detachable connection. The elevations  54   a  and the indentations  54   b , respectively, thus serve as additional securing means for producing a sturdy, detachable connection between two or more bottles  14  according to the third embodiment. 
     It is clear to the expert that the arrangement of elevations  54   a  and indentations  54   b , respectively, is not limited to the illustrated exemplary embodiment  14 . It is also possible to arrange the elevations  54   a  on the outside radii of the ribs  15   a  and the indentations on the inside radii of the notches  15   b . Another obvious possibility is to provide a bottle  10  according to the first embodiment with such elevations  54   a  on the ribs  11   a  and indentations  54   b  in the notches  11   b , respectively. 
       FIG. 4  illustrates a fourth embodiment  16  according to the invention with a grip recess  46 , which in turn represents a variation of the second embodiment  12  (cf.  FIG. 2 ). In this case, the ribs  17   a  each taper in the lower area  32  and in the upper area  34  towards the grip recess  46 . This makes it possible to design the area of the grip recess narrower, with bottle  16  still having an ergonomically convenient hold. 
     According to the embodiment depicted here, bottle  16  comprises a shoulder or stop  55  in the area of the base  50  of the bottle  16  and in the upper area  51  of bottle  16  opposite to the notches  17   b . This shoulder  55  is in particular intended for axial securing of two form-lockingly and force-fittingly connected bottles  16 . 
     Another obvious possibility is to provide the said embodiment  16  with elevations and indentations, respectively, according to embodiment  14  shown in  FIG. 3 , in order to additionally secure the bodies, in particular against axial shifting. 
       FIGS. 5   a  and  5   b  illustrate two bodies interlocking according to the third embodiment  14 , as shown in  FIG. 3 . The additional elevations  54   a  are clearly recognizable in said figure. The elevations  54   a  and the corresponding indentation  54   b  together form a connection  60  between the two bottles  14  in the area of the interlocking ribs  15   a , with the connection  60  being form-locking and detachable. 
       FIGS. 6   a  to  6   d  each illustrate a package  92   a/b  comprising six bodies according to the exemplary embodiment  12 , as shown in  FIG. 2 . The bottles  12  in the package  92   a  according to  FIG. 6   a  are clipped to each other in a detachable connection holding them together. In package  92   b  according to  FIG. 6   b , the bottles  12  are additionally secured against axial shifting by means of an additional banderole  90 . The banderole  90  can, for instance, be a carton or paper strip. Furthermore, banderole  90  can be a strip made of plastic foil, in particular a self-adhesive, label-like plastic strip, an elastic (rubber) band, or the like. 
     In a package  92   a  according to  FIG. 6   a  and  FIG. 6   c  it is possible to provide axial securing by applying, for example, an adhesive, in particular a hot glue  60 , along the rib  13   a  to be joined. It is also possible to apply the glue by dripping or spraying it from the top onto the joining point. Furthermore, it is possible to employ adhesion points that will form a detachable connection under the pressure that results from clipping rib  13   a  into the corresponding indentation or notch  13   b.    
     According to the embodiments represented here, the bodies  10 ,  12 ,  14 , and  16  according to  FIGS. 1 to 4  are preferably provided with an undercut  22 , allowing them to be easily clipped together to form packages  92   a , as exemplarily illustrated in  FIG. 6   d . Even though the bottles  12  in fact have a cogwheel-like cross-section, the indentations between the ribs  13   a  however have no undercut. In this case, the bodies definitely have to be connected with each other by means of glue, a banderole, or the like, as only a form-locking, and no force-fit connection is possible here. 
     Furthermore, the bottles&#39; shoulders can be designed (cf. embodiment  16  in  FIG. 4 ) to prevent axial shifting of the bottles. 
       FIGS. 7   a  and  7   b  each illustrate a package  96   a/b  comprising six bodies according to the fourth exemplary embodiment  16 , as shown in  FIG. 4 . The connection between the bodies  16  corresponds to the exemplary embodiment shown in  FIGS. 6   a  to  6   d ; the repeated description is therefore dispensed with. 
     It is thus clear to the expert that it is also possible to produce appropriate packages according to the first and the third embodiments from the bodies  10  and  14  according to the invention. Furthermore, the number of bottles assembled in a package is not limited to six. In fact, packages comprising preferably of two, four, eight, or ten bodies according to the invention are also possible. Furthermore, this is to be understood to not only include packages with a rectangular base shape, but rather such packages with the bodies arranged in the shape of a rhomboid, too. Furthermore, the invention is intended to also include packages with an uneven number of bodies, in particular three, five, seven, or nine bodies, which are arranged in packages with, for example, a triangular base shape, a hexagonal base shape, or the like. 
     Accordingly, it is clear to the expert that the number of the ribs  11   a ,  13   a ,  15   a ,  17   a  of the bodies  10 ,  12 ,  14 , and  16  according to the invention (cf.  FIGS. 1 to 4 ) is not determined to be eight ribs  11   a ,  13   a ,  15   a ,  17   a , as this is shown in the depicted exemplary embodiments  10 ,  12 ,  14 , and  16 . The number of the ribs  11   a ,  13   a ,  15   a ,  17   a  can be varied according to the required arrangement of the packages, with the number of the ribs  11   a ,  13   a ,  15   a ,  17   a —and accordingly the number of the notches  11   b ,  13   b ,  15   b ,  17   b  in between—being preferably between five and twelve. 
       FIG. 8   a  illustrates a handle  80  for use with the bodies according to the invention. Handle  80  is a molded part made of plastic with a holding area  82  and at least one fastening area  84 . The fastening area  84  is formed in such a manner that it can be clipped in between the ribs  11  of the bodies  10 ,  12 ,  14 , and  16  according to the invention (cf.  FIGS. 1 to 4 ), thus resulting in a sturdy, detachable connection. 
       FIGS. 8   b  and  8   c  illustrate the use of the handle  80  according to  FIG. 8   a  together with bodies  16  according to the fourth exemplary embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 4 . Thereby the fastening areas  84  of the handle  80  are detachably clipped between the ribs  17   a , i.e. into the notches  17   b  of the bottles  16 . In this way, the buyer or user can easily remove the handle  80  and separate the bottles  16  from one another. 
     According to a further embodiment (not shown), the handle comprises two cylinders or the like, which are connected to each other by a carton or foil strip, a rope, or the like, whereby the cylinders interlock with the indentations of the bottles  10 ,  12 ,  14 ,  16 , creating form-locking connections, according to the principle described above. 
       FIGS. 9 to 11  illustrate various views of a device  100  for producing packages from bodies according to the invention. The presented device  100  comprises an alignment unit  110 , a first sliding device  112 , and a second sliding device  114 . 
     The bottles  12  according to the second embodiment from  FIG. 2  are supplied in transportation direction  102  in a continuous flow. This is performed, for example, by means of an endless conveyor, supplying the bottles in a parallel flow. In a synchronized operating flow, an alignment unit  110  in the form of an alignment head first rotates the bottles  12  to the correct position for clipping in. In particular, the bottles are aligned in such a way that rib  13   a  of a first bottle  12  points in the direction of a notch  13   b  of a second bottle  12 . On pressing together the bottles  12 , the ribs  13   a  of the first bottle  12  can cooperate with the notch  13   b  of the second bottle  12 . 
     The bottles  12  are subsequently transported, for example by means of a second endless conveyor, to a first sliding device  112 , for example in the form of two slides. The slides  112  press together the aligned bottle pairs  12 ′ transversely to the transportation direction, thus radially connecting them with each other to form a first, form-locking package. The bottle pairs  12 ′ are subsequently transported to a second sliding device  114 , a so-called separating and arranging unit, for example in the form of an article divider. They are transported there by means of, for example, the second or a third endless conveyor. The article divider  114  aligns the required number of bottle pairs  12 ′ in the running direction and arranges and presses them together to form the packages  92   a . In the present exemplary embodiment, the article divider  114  presses together bottle pairs  12 ′ by threes, resulting in common six-packs  92   a . It is also possible for the article divider  114  to sort out and press together, for instance, two, four, etc. pairs  12 ′, accordingly resulting in packages of four, eight, etc. bottles. 
     The slide  112 , which is used for pressing together the bottles  12  to make the bottle pairs  12 ′, is preferably formed like a mold cavity plate  113 , clamping the bottles for instance at their grip recess  42 . This serves especially to prevent the bottles  12  from turning out of position again. It is in particular intended to prevent the ribs  13   a  and notches  13   b , which have previously been aligned by the alignment unit  110 , from turning out of position and thus disabling a form-lock and force-fit. 
     It is also possible to use only one active slide  112 , with the first bottle group  12 ′ being produced by pushing the two bottles  12  against a fixed wall. 
     The article divider  114  arranges the bottle pairs  12 ′ according to the requested sort of package by means of so-called divider bars  120 , which rest in a guiding slot  122  and can be operated by separate drives. 
     In the presented exemplary embodiment, the bottles  12  are supplied in two rows. According to the sort and arrangement of requested packages, it is also possible to supply, for example, the bodies  10 ,  12 ,  14 ,  16  in one, three, etc. rows. 
       FIG. 12  illustrates an alignment unit  110  in the form of an alignment head of device  100  for assembling and connecting bodies according to the invention in packages  92   a . A gripper  130  of the alignment head  110  grips the bodies  12  in an upper area, preferably at the closure  2 , and rotates them to the correct position, so that they can be arranged and clipped together with the ribs  13   a  and corresponding notches  13   b  in the next step. 
     The alignment of the bottles  12  in the alignment head  110  is controlled, for example, by means of a detection device. In particular, it is possible to employ image recognition systems for the task of recording the shape of the bottles  12 , especially of the arrangement of the ribs  13   a  and the notches  13   b . The image recognition systems process the information and transfer it to the grippers  130 , which rotate the bodies  12  until the ribs  13   a  and the notches  13   b  are positioned as requested. 
       FIG. 13  illustrates a further method for connecting bodies according to the invention. In this instance, it involves the axial connection of two bottles according to the embodiment  12 , as shown in  FIG. 2 . 
     In particular, the bottles  12  are connected in an axial direction  140  synchronized by a robot. It is not necessary to clip the bodies  12  together in this instance; instead, the corresponding ribs  13   a  and notches  13   b  are fitted into each other. The said procedure is especially advantageous for bottles with a pronounced undercut, as they require no effort for being connected. 
     The invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments. To the expert it is also conceivable, however, to make changes and modifications to the invention without leaving the scope of protection of the appended claims. 
     LIST OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS 
     
         
           2  Closure 
           10  Bottle according to a first embodiment 
           11   a  Connecting element: Rib 
           11   b  Connecting element: Notch 
           12  Bottle according to a second embodiment 
           12 ′ Bottle pair comprising bottles according to a second embodiment 
           14  Bottle according to a third embodiment 
           15   a  Connecting element: Rib 
           15   b  Connecting element: Notch 
           16  Bottle according to a fourth embodiment 
           17   a  Connecting element: Rib 
           17   b  Connecting element: Notch 
           22  Undercut 
           32  Lower area 
           34  Upper area 
           42  Unstructured area/grip area/grip recess 
           44  Unstructured area/grip area/grip recess 
           46  Unstructured area/grip area/grip recess 
           50  Base 
           51  Top side 
           54   a  Securing element: Elevation 
           54   b  Securing element: Indentation 
           55  Shoulder/stop 
           60  Hot glue 
           80  Handle 
           90  Banderole 
           92   a/b  Package 
           96   a/b  Package 
           100  Device for producing packages 
           102  Transportation direction 
           110  Alignment unit/alignment head 
           112  First sliding device/slide 
           113  Cavity plate 
           114  Second sliding device/separating and arranging unit/article divider 
           120  Divider bar 
           122  Guiding slot 
           130  Gripper