Abstract:
Battery pack with intelligent display and methods to make various types of a battery pack with an intelligent display for the benefit of a user. One embodiment is a method of making a battery pack with intelligent display. A second embodiment is a battery pack with intelligent display that can display one or more parameters, such as charge remaining, current out, current in, watts out, watts in, time remaining, time to recharge one or more batteries, battery temperature, battery voltages, the age of the battery, and clock time.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention relates generally to the field of battery packs, and more specifically to providing battery packs with displays. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     Battery packs have been known and used for many years, but such battery packs have been limited in their usefulness. 
     The biggest problem with the prior art external battery packs is that they do not indicate precisely when the battery will run out. There are prior art battery packs that have LED indicators to give a general approximation when the battery will be drained. These lights are unintelligent and do not give the user valuable information about the battery. The prior art battery packs provide an approximate indication that is not accurate and the indication is from simply measuring the voltage of the battery. By knowing the precise amount of how much charge is remaining in the battery pack, and the actual current draw (in and out) of the battery pack, the user gains a much better idea of their battery status. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides methods to manufacture a battery pack with an intelligent display and implementations of battery packs with intelligent displays. Embodiments of the invention can be implemented in numerous ways. Three aspects of the invention are described below. 
     A first aspect of the invention is directed to a method to make a battery pack with intelligent display. The method includes placing a substrate inside a battery pack enclosure; attaching one or more batteries to the substrate; coupling a current detection circuit to the one or more batteries; coupling a DC-DC converter and a port connector to the current detection circuit; coupling a microprocessor/micro-controller and one or more analog to digital converters to the current detection circuit; installing at least one display coupled to the microprocessor/micro-controller and installing one or more buttons, and coupling the display to the one or more buttons; and attaching all the components to the enclosure to assemble a complete unit. 
     A second aspect of the invention is directed to a battery pack with intelligent display. The battery pack with intelligent display includes a substrate inside a battery pack enclosure; one or more batteries attached to the substrate; a current detection circuit coupled to the one or more batteries; a DC-DC converter and a port connector coupled to the current detection circuit; a microprocessor/micro-controller and one or more analog to digital converters coupled to the current detection circuit; at least one display coupled to the microprocessor/micro-controller; and one or more buttons in the battery pack enclosure, wherein the one or more buttons are coupled to the display and microprocessor/micro-controller. 
     A third aspect of the invention is directed to a method of making a battery pack with intelligent display. The method of making a battery pack with intelligent display includes placing a substrate inside a battery pack enclosure; attaching one or more batteries to the substrate; coupling a current detection circuit to the one or more batteries; coupling a DC-DC converter and a port connector to the current detection circuit; coupling a microprocessor/micro-controller and one or more analog to digital converters to the current detection circuit; installing at least one display coupled to the microprocessor/micro-controller; installing one or more buttons, and coupling the one or more buttons to the display; and attaching all the components to the enclosure to assemble a complete unit. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Non-limiting and non-exhaustive embodiments of the invention are described with reference to the following figures or drawings. 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a top view of a battery pack with intelligent display, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates an isometric bottom view of a battery pack with intelligent display, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 3  illustrates an isometric view of a battery pack with intelligent display, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 4  illustrates an isometric view of the substrate of a battery pack with intelligent display, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 5  illustrates a front view of a battery pack with intelligent display, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 6  illustrates an exploded isometric view of a battery pack with intelligent display, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 7  illustrates a USB out to device circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 8  illustrates a voltage regulator circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 9  illustrates an OLED display circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 10  illustrates a micro-controller circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 11  illustrates a LED/Button interface circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 12  illustrates an ICSP header circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 13  illustrates a battery gauge circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 14  illustrates a charger circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 15  illustrates a boost circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 16  illustrates a flowchart to make a battery pack with intelligent display, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 17  illustrates a flowchart to make a battery pack with intelligent display, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Embodiments of the inventions can be constructed from off-the-shelf components. In all of the embodiments disclosed below, different materials could be used for the battery pack with intelligent display, including but not exclusively: various plastics, resins, papers, fabrics, plant fibers, ceramics, and metals. The metal pieces would typically be made from a metal or some metal alloy, but could alternatively be made from other resilient materials, such as plastics, and other equivalent manmade materials. One embodiment of the invention can be also be used in addition to any personal electronics, including a MP3 player, an iPod Shuffle, a radio receiver, an optical disc player, a magnetic disc player, a cellphone, smartphone, or an equivalent device. 
     In various embodiments, the intelligent display can show one or more of the following types of information. Table 1 provides examples of information that can be shown on the intelligent display. 
                         TABLE 1                   100% Charge Remaining - This is   4503 mAh - This shows the       calculated from the known charge in mAh   actual amount of charge       remaining in the battery divided by the   remaining in the battery.       total battery capacity           300 mA Current Out - This shows the   500 mA Current In - This        actual current being supplied to an    shows the actual charge        external mobile device.   current being supplied           into the battery pack       2.01 Watts Out - This shows the actual   4.12 Watts In - This shows        power being supplied to an external    the actual charge power       mobile device.   being supplied into the            battery pack       2 h 20 min Remaining - This shows the   1 h 10 min to Full - This        exact time when the battery will run out if   shows the exact time left       it is connected to one or more mobile   to charge the battery pack.       devices. This time is derived from   This time is derived from       calculating the known amount of charge   calculating the known       remaining, divided by the current out.   amount of charge when the           battery pack is full,           subtracting this with the           actual amount of charge           remaining and dividing by           the amount of current in.       50 Deg C. of F - The battery temperature is   3.76 volts - Indicates       also monitored to correct for temperature   the voltage of the battery       variation of the battery pack to account for           shifts in measured current, voltage,           capacity, etc.           1 yr 35 Days - Indicates the age of the   Battery degradation in       battery pack. By determining the age, it   percentage or in       would be possible to also correct for   milliampere hours (mAh).       decreased battery capacity over time, for           example a decrease of about 1-5% every           year.                    
Components
 
     In various embodiments, the battery pack with intelligent display includes one or more of the following types of components. Table 2 provides a list of components for one embodiment of the invention as shown in the following figures, but alternative embodiments can have a subset of the following components. 
     
       
         
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 Enclosure 100. 
                 In one embodiment this could be a plastic 
               
               
                   
                 enclosure that has a top and bottom used to 
               
               
                   
                 house all the electronics inside the product. 
               
               
                 Connector 102. 
                 In various embodiments this could be a 
               
               
                   
                 port (e.g., USB Male A, FireWire, or 
               
               
                   
                 equivalent connector) used to plug in a 
               
               
                   
                 cable (e.g., USB, FireWire, or an 
               
               
                   
                 equivalent) to the battery pack to charge 
               
               
                   
                 the mobile device. In one embodiment this 
               
               
                   
                 port outputs 5 volts DC. 
               
               
                 Connector 104. 
                 In one embodiment this could be a mini 
               
               
                   
                 USB or round power plug used to connect 
               
               
                   
                 18 volts DC to 5 volts DC to charge the 
               
               
                   
                 lithium battery. 
               
               
                 Substrate 106. 
                 A substrate (e.g., a printed circuit board, or 
               
               
                   
                 equivalent) used to mount all the electronic 
               
               
                   
                 components. 
               
               
                 One or more  
                 In one embodiment this can be one or more 
               
               
                 batteries 108. 
                 lithium polymer batteries 3.7 V (But in 
               
               
                   
                 alternative embodiments this can be any 
               
               
                   
                 type of battery). 
               
               
                 DC-DC converter 110. 
                 In one embodiment it would convert the 
               
               
                   
                 battery voltage to a stable 5 V for a USB port. 
               
               
                 Charger circuit 112. 
                 Used to regulate the incoming voltage (e.g., 
               
               
                   
                 5 V) to charge the lithium battery. 
               
               
                 Current detection  
                 In one embodiment this includes a small 
               
               
                 circuit 114. 
                 precision resistor, one embodiment uses a 
               
               
                   
                 0.05-0.1 Ohm resistor. By measuring the 
               
               
                   
                 voltage across this resistor (both positive 
               
               
                   
                 and negative), one embodiment of the 
               
               
                   
                 invention can precisely determine the actual 
               
               
                   
                 amount of current that flows in and out of 
               
               
                   
                 the battery (e.g., such as a lithium battery). 
               
               
                 Microprocessor or  
                 In one embodiment, it has analog to digital 
               
               
                 micro-controller 116. 
                 converters built-in to detect the voltage 
               
               
                   
                 across the current detection circuit. In one 
               
               
                   
                 embodiment the microprocessor/micro- 
               
               
                   
                 controller also has digital input and output 
               
               
                   
                 ports to control the display graphics, 
               
               
                   
                 enabling the battery charger, dc-dc 
               
               
                   
                 converter, and buttons for user input. 
               
               
                 Buttons 118. 
                 In one embodiment, the buttons can be 
               
               
                   
                 push buttons or capacitive sense touch 
               
               
                   
                 buttons. In one embodiment the buttons 
               
               
                   
                 can be used to toggle the views and turn on 
               
               
                   
                 and off the battery pack. 
               
               
                 Substrate button 119. 
                   
               
               
                 Display 120. 
                 In various embodiments, the display can be 
               
               
                   
                 an OLED, flexible OLED, LED, LCD, dot 
               
               
                   
                 matrix, character, or equivalent display 
               
               
                   
                 used to show one or more parameters about 
               
               
                   
                 the status of the batteries and other info. 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Various embodiments of the invention can utilize a display that is commercially available from the following manufacturers—LG Electronics Inc., with corporate headquarters in Seoul, South Korea; Samsung, with corporate headquarters in Seoul, South Korea; and Chi Mei Electronics, with corporate headquarters in Hong Kong, China. Various embodiments of the invention can utilize a micro-controller that is commercially available from the following manufacturers—Microchip Technology Inc., with corporate headquarters in Chandler, Ariz.; and Cypress Semiconductor, with corporate headquarters in San Jose, Calif. 
     Various embodiments of the invention can utilize power circuits that are commercially available from the following manufacturers—Texas Instruments Inc., with corporate headquarters in Dallas, Tex.; Linear Technology, with corporate headquarters in Milpitas, Calif.; Maxim Integrated, with corporate headquarters in San Jose, Calif.; and Microchip Technology Inc., with corporate headquarters in Chandler, Ariz. Various embodiments of the invention can utilize connectors that are commercially available from the following manufacturers—Molex Inc., with corporate headquarters in Lisle, Ill.; 3M Company, with corporate headquarters in Maplewood, Minn.; and Panasonic, with corporate headquarters in Osaka, Japan. Various embodiments of the invention can utilize batteries that are commercially available from the following manufacturers—Dongguan Kanyo Battery Technology Co LTD., with corporate headquarters in Guangdong, China; and Unitech Battery Limited, with corporate headquarters in Shenzhen City, China. 
     In various embodiments of a battery pack with intelligent display shown below, an intelligent display can be implemented by liquid crystal display (LCD), organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, flexible OLED display, light emitting diode (LED) display, dot matrix display, segmented display, character display, or an equivalent display technology. In various embodiments, the intelligent display can display one or more of the following: battery charge level, estimated remaining battery life, battery degradation in percentage or in milliampere hours (mAh), clock time, and/or equivalent parameters (e.g., as shown in Table 1 above). In various embodiments, any of the above information can be represented on the display in graphical form, graphic form, plot form, character form, numeric form, or plot form, or in any combination. In various embodiments, there is a user interface that allows the user to switch between views by toggling one or any buttons. In various embodiments, the buttons can be mechanical push buttons, switches, capacitive sense, touch screen or any equivalent type of human interface method to capture user input. 
     Various embodiments of the invention can have varying sizes of batteries, capacities, and battery technology types (e.g., lithium polymer, lithium ion, or any equivalent chemical storage medium). Various embodiments of the invention can have one or more outputs to charge one or more devices. In various embodiments, the data can be displayed by connecting by wireless or wire connectivity to smartphones, tablet computers, personal computers (PCs), or equivalents. In one embodiment the data can be sent to a smartphone app to view all the data. Various embodiments of the invention can thus use an external display to avoid having the need for a display built into the product. 
     Various embodiments of the invention can have varying output voltages, for example 5.0 volts, 3.3 volts, etc. Various embodiments of the invention can have various output plugs (e.g., USB, FireWire and equivalents) and just not limited to USB male A. Various embodiments of the invention can have various input plugs to accommodate different formats of charging the battery pack. Various embodiments of the invention can have a rubber seal around the mating top and bottom of the enclosure to make the enclosure water tight, and water resistant 
     Microprocessor/Micro-Controller Calculations 
     Some embodiments of the invention can have a microprocessor or a micro-controller that will be able to determine at any given time the rate of current draw going in and out of the battery. By knowing the sampling time, (variable or fixed), various embodiments of the invention can determine how much charge or discharge in milliampere hours (mAh) the battery has charged or drained during that time. Various embodiments of the invention with a higher sampling rate will give a more accurate calculation. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates a battery pack with intelligent display, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.  FIG. 1  shows a battery pack enclosure  100  (with a top and bottom part), one or more buttons  118 , and display  120 . 
       FIG. 2  illustrates an isometric bottom view of a battery pack with intelligent display, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.  FIG. 2  shows a battery pack enclosure  100 , connector  102 , connector  104 , one or more batteries  108 , current detection circuit  114 , microprocessor/micro-controller  116 , one or more buttons  118 , and display  120 . 
     In one embodiment the battery pack enclosure  100  could be a plastic enclosure that has a top and bottom used to house all the electronics inside the product. In one embodiment there could be a connector  102  (e.g., a USB Male A connector) used to plug in a USB cable to the battery pack to charge the mobile device. In one embodiment this connector outputs 5 volts DC. In one embodiment the connector  104  could be a mini USB or round power plug used to connect 18 volts DC to 5 volts DC to charge the battery (e.g., lithium battery or equivalent chemical storage). 
     The substrate  106  (e.g., a printed circuit board, or equivalent) is used to mount all the electronic components. The one or more batteries  108  in one embodiment can be one or more 3.7 volt lithium polymer batteries (but in alternative embodiments the batteries can be any type of battery). The DC-DC converter  110  in one embodiment would convert the battery voltage to a stable 5 volts for a port connector (e.g., USB, FireWire, or an equivalent). The charger circuit  112  is used to regulate the incoming voltage (e.g., 5V) to charge the one or more batteries (e.g., one or more lithium batteries, or equivalent batteries). 
     In one embodiment the current detection circuit  114  includes a small precision resistor, one embodiment uses a current sense resistor in the resistance range of 0.02-0.1 Ohm. By measuring the voltage across this resistor (both positive and negative), one embodiment of the invention can precisely determine the actual amount of current that flows in and out of the battery (e.g., such as a lithium battery). The microprocessor/micro-controller  116  in one embodiment has analog to digital converters built-in to detect the voltage across the current detection circuit. In one embodiment the microprocessor/micro-controller  116  also has digital input and output ports (not shown) to control the display graphics, enabling the battery charger, dc-dc converter, and buttons for user input. 
     In one embodiment, the one or more buttons  118  can be push buttons or capacitive sense touch buttons. In one embodiment the buttons can be used to toggle the views and turn on and off the battery pack. In one embodiment, the display  120  could be an OLED display, a LED display, or a LCD display used to show one or more parameters about the status of the batteries. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates an isometric view of a battery pack with intelligent display, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.  FIG. 3  shows a battery pack enclosure  100 , connector  102 , connector  104 , one or more buttons  118 , and display  120 . 
       FIG. 4  illustrates an isometric view of the substrate of a battery pack with intelligent display, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.  FIG. 4  shows a connector  102 , connector  104 , substrate  106 , DC-DC converter  110 , charger circuit  112 , current detection circuit  114 , microprocessor/micro-controller  116 , one or more buttons  118 , and substrate button  119 . 
       FIG. 5  illustrates a front view of a battery pack with intelligent display, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.  FIG. 5  shows a battery pack enclosure  100 , connector  102 , connector  104 , and one or more buttons  118 . 
       FIG. 6  illustrates an exploded isometric view of a battery pack with intelligent display, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.  FIG. 6  shows a battery pack enclosure  100 , connector  102 , connector  104 , substrate  106 , one or more batteries  108 , DC-DC converter  110 , charger circuit  112 , current detection circuit  114 , microprocessor/micro-controller  116 , one or more buttons  118 , and display  120 . 
       FIG. 7  illustrates a USB out to device circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. This is only one illustrative example of such a circuit, because other embodiments of this circuit could be implemented for other types of port connectors (e.g., FireWire, or an equivalent connector), or with other components and/or component values and/or voltages. This particular circuit includes a USB Male A connector U 6  coupled to resistors R 4  and R 5  that are each respectively coupled to Vcc, and coupled to resistors R 10  and R 11  that are each respectively coupled to ground. In one embodiment, R 4  has a resistance for 43 kiloOhms, R 5  has a resistance of 75 kiloOhms, R 10  has a resistance of 100 kiloOhms and R 11  has a resistance of 49.9 kiloOhms, but other embodiments can have larger or smaller resistances. 
       FIG. 8  illustrates a voltage regulator circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. This is only one illustrative example of such a circuit, because other embodiments of this circuit could be implemented with other components and/or component values and/or voltages. This particular circuit includes an IC regulator component U 4  (e.g., AP7313-3.3, or an equivalent) with pins respectively coupled to Vcc of the battery, Vcc of 3.3 volts, ground, and capacitor C 5  that is coupled to ground. In one embodiment, C 5  has a capacitance of 4.7 microFarads, but other embodiments can have a larger or smaller capacitance. 
       FIG. 9  illustrates an OLED display circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. This is only one illustrative example of such a circuit, because other embodiments of this circuit could be implemented with other components and/or component values and/or voltages. This particular circuit includes an IC component U 5  (e.g., UG-2832HSWEG04, or an equivalent) with pins coupled to capacitors C 6 , C 7 , C 8 , C 9 , C 10  and resistor R 13 , with two pins coupled to Vcc, one pin coupled to ground and three pins coupled to signals RES, SCL, and SDA, respectively. Capacitors C 8 , C 9 , C 10  and resistor R 13  are also coupled to ground. 
       FIG. 10  illustrates a micro-controller circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. This is only one illustrative example of such a circuit, because other embodiments of this circuit could be implemented with other components and/or component values and/or voltages. This particular circuit includes a micro-controller U 12  (e.g., PIC16F1828, or an equivalent) with pins coupled to resistor R 14  and R 15  that are respectively coupled to Vcc, and with one pin coupled to Vcc, two pins coupled to ground, pins coupled to Charge_Stat, Charge_CE, ICSPDAT, ICSPCLK, MCLR, BoostEnable, LED 1 , BTN 1 , LED 2 , BTN 2 , FGALERT, LED 3 , BTN 3 , LED 4 , BTN 4 , and pins coupled to signals RES, SCL, and SDA, respectively previously seen in  FIG. 9 . 
       FIG. 11  illustrates an LED/Button interface circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. This is only one illustrative example of such a circuit, because other embodiments of this circuit could be implemented with other components and/or component values and/or voltages. This particular circuit includes a U 5  Button 1  coupled to BTN 1 , a D 1  LED coupled to LED 1 , with a resistor R 6  that is coupled to ground; a U 7  Button 2  coupled to BTN 2 , a D 2  LED coupled to LED 2 , with a resistor R 7  that is coupled to ground; a U 8  Button 3  coupled to BTN 3 , a D 3  LED coupled to LED 3 , with a resistor R 8  that is coupled to ground; a U 9  Button 4  coupled to BTN 4 , a D 4  LED coupled to LED 4 , with a resistor R 9  that is coupled to ground. In this embodiment, resistors R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , and R 9  have a resistance of 300 kiloOhms, but other embodiments can have larger or smaller resistances. 
       FIG. 12  illustrates an ICSP header circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. This is only one illustrative example of such a circuit, because other embodiments of this circuit could be implemented with other components and/or component values and/or voltages. This particular circuit includes an IC component U 11  (e.g., ICD_Header, or an equivalent) with one pin coupled to Vcc, one pin coupled to ground and three pins coupled to signals MCLR, ICSPDAT, and ICSPCLK, respectively. 
       FIG. 13  illustrates a battery gauge circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. This is only one illustrative example of such a circuit, because other embodiments of this circuit could be implemented with other components and/or component values and/or voltages. This particular circuit includes a battery component U 13  (a lithium polymer battery in one embodiment), an IC component U 14  (or an equivalent) with pins coupled to capacitors C 11 , C 12 , C 13 , resistors R 12  and current sense resistor R 16 , a thermsistor (RT1 10K NTC, or an equivalent) with two pins coupled to Vcc_Batt, one pin coupled to ground and pins coupled to signals FGALERT, SCL, and SDA, respectively. Capacitors C 8 , C 9 , C 10  and resistor R 13  are also coupled to ground. 
       FIG. 14  illustrates a charger circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. This is only one illustrative example of such a circuit, because other embodiments of this circuit could be implemented with other components and/or component values and/or voltages. This particular circuit includes a USB Micro Female connector U 1 , and an IC component U 2  (MCP73830/L, or an equivalent) with pins coupled to resistors R 1  and R 2 , with one pin coupled to Vcc_Batt, one pin coupled to ground, one pin coupled to the 5 volt pin of the USB Micro Female connector U 1 , and two pins coupled to signals Charge_Stat and Charge_CE, respectively. Resistor R 1  is coupled to Vcc — 3.3V and Charge_Stat, and resistor R 2  is coupled to ground and also coupled to one pin of the U 2  component. Two pins of the USB Micro Female connector are also coupled to ground. 
       FIG. 15  illustrates a boost circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. This is only one illustrative example of such a circuit, because other embodiments of this circuit could be implemented with other components and/or component values and/or voltages. This particular circuit includes an IC component U 3  (MAX8815A, or an equivalent) with pins coupled to capacitors C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , resistor R 3 , inductor L 1 , with one pin coupled to Vcc_Batt, two pins coupled to Vcc — 5V, one pin coupled to ground, and one pin coupled to signal BoostEnable. Capacitors C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , and C 4  are coupled to ground, capacitors C 1  and C 1  and inductor L 1  are coupled to Vcc_Batt, and resistor R 3  and C 3  are coupled to Vcc — 5V. In this embodiment, C 1  and C 2  have a capacitance of 4.7 microFarads, C 3  has a capacitance of 0.1 microFarads, C 4  has a capacitance of 22 microFarads, R 3  has a resistance of 100 Ohms, L 1  has an inductance of 2 microHenries, but other embodiments can have components with larger or smaller capacitances, resistances, and inductances. 
     In one embodiment, the electricity is carried by one wire, and the electrical ground is carried by two wires. In another embodiment, simply two wires (one wire for the electricity and one wire for ground) are used. In alternative embodiments more electrical wires can be used. In one embodiment, there is a controller module that has an on-off switch and a charger port for charging a plurality of internal batteries. 
     One embodiment of the invention provides electricity to a device (e.g., such as the iPhone/iPod Touch/iPad, Android, a tablet computer, a PC, or an equivalent). Various embodiments of the invention can utilize compelling interfaces that people want to use to interface their battery electricity to technology devices. 
     The energy source in various embodiments can be one or more batteries, a photovoltaic electrical module, an electrical recharger, or some other equivalent electrical energy source with a capacity for supplying an appropriate amount of voltage and current. One embodiment of the invention uses one or more electrochemical batteries (e.g., lithium ion batteries, typically rated at 3.6 volts under normal conditions and 4.2 volts when fully charged, or other equivalent electrochemical batteries, either single charge or rechargeable, or other equivalent power sources). Most of the electrical power provided by such batteries will be used for supply power to operate electronics, and to operate the display and microprocessor/micro-controller. 
       FIG. 16  illustrates a flowchart to make battery pack with intelligent display, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. The method starts in operation  1402 . Operation  1406  is next and includes placing a substrate inside a battery pack enclosure. Operation  1408  is next and includes attaching one or more batteries to the substrate. Operation  1410  is next and includes coupling a current detection circuit to the one or more batteries. Operation  1412  is next and includes coupling a DC-DC converter and a port connector (e.g., USB, FireWire, or an equivalent port connector) to the current detection circuit. Operation  1414  is next and includes coupling a microprocessor/micro-controller and one or more analog to digital converters to the current detection circuit. In one embodiment, the microprocessor/micro-controller can calculate estimated remaining battery life, current drain on the one or more batteries, clock time, and/or other equivalent parameters as previously described. Operation  1416  is next and includes installing at least one display coupled to the microprocessor/micro-controller and installing one or more buttons, and coupling the at least one display to the one or more buttons. The source of electricity for the at least one display would be the one or more batteries in one embodiment of the invention. Operation  1418  is next and includes attaching all the components to the enclosure to assemble a complete unit. The method ends in operation  1420 . 
       FIG. 17  illustrates a flowchart to make battery pack with intelligent display, in accordance with another embodiment of the invention. The method starts in operation  1502 . Operation  1504  is next and includes placing a substrate inside a battery pack enclosure. Operation  1506  is next and includes attaching one or more batteries to the substrate. Operation  1508  is next and includes coupling a current detection circuit by a series electrical connection to the one or more batteries. Operation  1510  is next and includes coupling a DC-DC converter and a port connector (e.g., USB, FireWire, or an equivalent port connector) to the current detection circuit. Operation  1512  is next and includes coupling a microprocessor/micro-controller and one or more analog to digital converters to the current detection circuit. Operation  1514  is next and includes installing at least one display coupled to the microprocessor/micro-controller. Operation  1516  is next and includes installing one or more buttons in the enclosure, and coupling the one or more buttons to the display. The source of electricity for the at least one display would be the one or more batteries in one embodiment of the invention. Operation  1518  is next and includes attaching all the components to the enclosure to assemble a complete unit. The method ends in operation  1520 . 
     Other embodiments of the invention are possible. For example, the battery pack with intelligent display could be composed of several laminations of various materials for different applications. Another embodiment of the invention could provide multiple adjustable connectors to accommodate different sizes and lengths of electronics, energy sources, and cords. 
     The exemplary embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that other embodiments could be practiced without departing from the scope and spirit of the claims set forth below.