Abstract:
An electric radiometer generates electricity in tangible amounts by placing stationary rare earth magnets on a stationary magnetized needle which are connected to two-sided aluminum wings in such a manner that an electric current is produced when the coils in motion cut across the flux lines of a stationary magnetic field after a complete revolving circuit to a receiving device.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/735,770, filed Dec. 11, 2012 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/819,040, filed May 3, 2013. The aforementioned provisional patent applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. In addition, this application is related in some aspects to commonly-owned and co-pending application Ser. No. 13/900,851, entitled “WINDMILL GENERATOR”, filed on May 23, 2013, the entire contents of which are herein incorporated by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for generating electricity, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for generating electricity from solar energy. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The radiometer has been regarded since the 19 th  Century as a scientific novelty. Invented by Sir William Crooks, the radiometer generally consists of a set of vanes contained within a glass bulb. When forms of light (photons) hit the vanes, the radiation effect on the vanes causes them to move. This means that if the vanes are mounted between two needles, the vanes will rotate. This effect is attributed to light or radiation particles hitting a polished side of the vanes, which are contained within a partial vacuum. 
     Various modern versions of the radiometer include the Nichols radiometer and other microwave and gas radiometers. However, much of the same principles are involved as radiation, gas or light slams into specific sides of the vanes to cause them to rotate. Other variations include having the vanes absorb radiation so as to detect levels of radiation in the specific environment or scenario. But it should be noted that the principles of the radiometer tend to relate to low level scientific testing or novelty. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In the preferred embodiment, like the inside of a Shurite amp meter, a magnet with its magnetic force is positioned in the middle of a rectangular framed loop/solenoid coil which is placed on a magnetized needle of the magnet to balance the loop/solenoid coil. The wings or vanes can be made of aluminum, plastic, metals, or cardboard in a variety of shapes. The wings or vanes are coupled to the loop/solenoid coil to induce motion in the coil from the radiation effect of the light within the glass vacuum bulb. Light is emanating from the sun or other artificial source strikes the white and black aluminum wings, causing them to rotate. This ultimately causes the production of electric currents. 
     A first aspect of the present invention provides a solar generator, having a clear bulb encasement configured and disposed to maintain a partial vacuum therewithin, the bulb encasement having a first magnet and a second magnet, and a needle embedded within the second magnet, the needle balancing the second magnet within a coil frame armature, the coil frame armature comprising a frame around which coil is wrapped in such a way as to, when the armature spins in response to light hitting wings attached to the frame, the coil cuts through a magnetic field between the first and second magnets, thereby generating electricity. 
     A second aspect of the present invention provides a solar generator having a bulb encasement configured and disposed to maintain a partial vacuum therewithin, the bulb encasement having a magnet, and a needle extending from a top side to a bottom side of a coil frame armature, the coil frame armature comprising a frame around which coil is wrapped in such a way as to, when the armature spins in response to light hitting wings attached to the frame, cut through magnetic flux lines of the magnet, thereby generating electricity. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       These and other features of this invention will be more readily understood from the following detailed description of the various aspects of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention comprising two magnets. 
         FIG. 2  is a top view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 3  is a bottom view of the present invention without the base, stand or meter (shown this way for clarity). 
         FIG. 4  is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention comprising a single magnet. 
     
    
    
     The drawings are not necessarily to scale. The drawings are merely schematic representations, not intended to portray specific parameters of the invention. The drawings are intended to depict only typical embodiments of the invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. In the drawings, like numbering represents like elements. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Illustrative embodiments will now be described more fully herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments are shown. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. In the description, details of well-known features and techniques may be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the presented embodiments. 
     The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, the use of the terms “a”, “an”, etc., do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced items. The term “set” is intended to mean a quantity of at least one. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising”, or “includes” and/or “including”, when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
     Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” “embodiments,” “exemplary embodiments,” or similar language, means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment,” “in an embodiment,” “in embodiments” and similar language throughout this specification may, but do not necessarily, all refer to the same embodiment. 
     Embodiments of the present invention can relate to a method and apparatus for generating electricity by a coil of any size, or other electrical materials, in notion and also any magnet of any size, shape, material, etc. When vacuum round bulb (typically, but not limited to glass) is heated from the heated source to a certain degree, with the help of a convex magnifying glass, the few molecules within the round vacuum glass bulb can push the black carbon wings and white shining aluminum wings connected to the aluminum armature overcoming the light feather weight loop/solenoid coil suspended on a stationary magnetized needle surrounding the stationary magnet inside its loop/solenoid coil. 
     Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and apparatus for creating electricity on a tangible scale. In one embodiment, like inside a Shurite amp meter, a magnet with its magnetic force is positioned substantially in the middle of a rectangular loop/solenoid coil wrapped around a frame, which is placed on a magnetized needle of the magnet to balance the frame. Another magnet is placed above the coil. In another embodiment, only the magnet above the coil is used, i.e., no magnet is placed within the frame. The aluminum wings, or vanes, are situated at the interfaces of sides of the frame. A glass bulb encasement is used in embodiments of the present invention. When light emanating from the sun or other artificial light source strikes the white and black aluminum wings, atoms will become heated within about 99 percent of the interior of the glass bulb, and the loop is caused to rotate at a constant 360 degrees through flux lines of the magnet(s), where ultimately electric currents will be produced. When magnetic flux lines are crossed by the loop/solenoid coil in motion due to a light source, an electric current is produced. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 1-3 , there is a first magnet and second magnet. In some embodiments, the first and second magnets are rare earth magnets. A first magnet  102  is positioned above the second magnet  104 . The magnetic field of the first magnet  102  holds the second magnet  104  in place. The magnets remain stationary. The first magnet  102  is situated on a holding device, for example, an insulated pole  106 . It will be recognized that the magnet  102  can be situated atop any apparatus that holds it in place. The pole  106  is engaged to an insulated plastic frame  107 , which houses the coil frame armature, discussed further herein. The second magnet  104  is of a round shape on the horizontal axis. Pole  106  keeps the magnets  102  (above) and  104  (below) a predetermined distance from each other. The distance is based on the size of the magnets. Magnet  104  begins to float mid-air when spaced 2¾ inches from magnet  102  when a size of the magnets  104 ,  102  is 1½ inches in circumference and a thickness of ¼ inch. In some embodiments, the magnets  102  and  104  are the same size, and in other embodiments, the magnets  102  and  104  are different sizes from one another. Pole  106  keeps the magnet  104  (below) floating in mid-air from the attractional field of magnet  102 , so that the coil  118  keeps as light as a feather. And also, keeps magnet  104  (below) “stationary.” 
     Embedded within the second magnet  104  is a stationary needle  105 . A first end  108  of the needle  105  and a second end  110  of the needle  105  engage with an indentation in a first aluminum plate  112  and a second aluminum plate  114 . The aluminum plates form a top and bottom side of a coil frame armature  116 . Four aluminum wings  117  are attached to corners of the coil frame armature  116 . Coil wire  118  is wrapped around frame  116  in such a way that it cuts across the magnetic field. In a preferred embodiment, the coil  118  is of a rectangular or square shape around the armature  116 . 
     A first end  120  of coil wire  118  (also referred to herein as “loop”) engages with a first pinpoint needle  122  and a second end  124  of coil wire  118  engages with a second pin point needle  126 . The engagement may be through insulated glue. Pin point needles  122  and  126  engage with indentations of a first copper plate  128  and second copper plate  130 , respectively. The first copper plate  128  is situated at the top of frame  107 , and second copper plate  130  is situated at the bottom of frame  107 . This in turn will be balancing and rotating the aluminum wing frame (having the coil wound around thereon) when the natural/artificial light source is striking. 
     The winding copper coil  118 , is attached to the frame  107 , which will be connected to right side up and upside down pin point brush needles ( 122  and  126 ), which will be rotating, touching both the positive wire  150  and negative wire  152  causing the electron flow to create an electric current. It should be noted that there is little resistance from frictional force, except from the rare earth magnets  102 ,  104  which is stationary above and below the point of the stationary magnetic needle  105  on the base  144  of the insulated plastic stand  138 . The first and second wire attach to meter  136  to indicate, for example, the amount of electricity being generated. 
     Bulb  142  is situated over the frame  107  onto the stand  138 . Bulb  142  is typically clear, or configured in such a way as to allow light to pass therethrough. In some embodiments, glass bulb  142  is situated on an insulated, e.g., plastic, stand  138 . A vacuum hole  140  is formed in the stand  138 , particularly when a clear glass bulb  142  is used to enclose the various moveable elements. The vacuum hole allows air to be drained from the glass bulb  142 , creating a partial vacuum. In some embodiments, the partial vacuum may be in the range of about 5 torr to about 0.01 torr. Although the bulb  142  is referred to herein as “glass”, the bulb may be made of any suitable material in other embodiments, and the invention is not meant to be limited. 
     The shining aluminum wings  117  have a shiny aluminum side  113  and the other, a coated black graphite/carbon side  115 . One side of each wing may be one color such as white, while the other side of each wing may be the opposite color, such as black. It should be recognized that in alternative embodiments, more or fewer wings than four can be applied to the coil frame armature. 
     The present invention also comprises a receiving device. In the example embodiment chosen for the purpose of disclosure, the receiving device is a micro/milliamp meter (also referred to herein as “scale”)  136 . The scale  136  in this example is merely as an example relating to the fact that an electric current is generated through embodiments of the present invention. The scale  136  may also be referred to or regarded herein as a receiving device that ultimately makes use of the electric current generated. 
     The aluminum wings  117  are formed such that they are capable of revolving seamlessly via their connection to the coil frame armature, which is balanced on the magnetic needle  105 . When light heats atoms near the aluminum wings  117 , the heated atoms reflect off of the front sides  113  of the wings  117  and bounces or otherwise absorb off the rear sides  115 ) of the wings  117 . At the same time, magnetic lines of force are formed as the magnets  102 , and  104  remain stationary. In this aspect, an electric current is produced when the coil  118  completes circuit to the scale  136 . 
     An embodiment of the present invention comprises coils  118  which are made of copper to produce electricity. Copper wire is a good conductor of electricity when in motion rotating around a magnet. According to Faraday&#39;s law, electricity is produced whenever magnetic lines of force between stationary magnets  102 ,  104  cuts across the copper loop wire  118  which in motion, which is part of a complete circuit. 
     The winding copper coils  118  in the embodiments are formed by winding a long copper wire in the shape of a spiral. The copper coils  118  in fact act like a magnet when the current is turned on. What happens is that the copper coil  118  possesses similar magnetic lines of force around it as an ordinary magnet does. As mentioned above, whenever magnetic lines cut across the winding copper coils  118  in a full circuit based on the revolutions per minute, an electric current is generated within the axle or coil spring of the scale  136  or other receiving device. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 4 , in another embodiment of the invention, only a single magnet is present ( 102 )—Magnet  104  (shown in  FIG. 1 ) is absent. All other elements of the generator remain the same. The coil  118 , as it spins, cuts through the flux lines of the magnet  102 , causing electrical current to be generated. It should be recognized that although the magnet is shown above the coil, the magnet  102  can be situated anywhere that, as the coil spins, the flux lines of the magnet  102  are crossed. 
     The foregoing description of various aspects of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed and, obviously, many modifications and variations are possible. Such modifications and variations that may be apparent to a person skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined by the accompanying claims.