Abstract:
Disclosed are dimming driving system and a dimming controller. A disclosed dimming driving system has a transformer, a lighting device, and a dimming controller. The transformer has a primary winding and a secondary winding inductively-coupled to each other. The secondary winding is coupled to an output power line and secondary ground, both coupling to and powering the lighting device. The dimming controller is coupled to the secondary winding for controlling current flowing through the lighting device according to a voltage drop of the secondary winding.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0002]    The present invention relates to a dimming driving system and a dimming controller, and particularly to a dimming driving system and a dimming controller that can accept a plurality of dimming signals. 
         [0003]    2. Description of the Prior Art 
         [0004]    A light-emitting diode driving circuit with a dimming function needs to have at least three possible dimming manners: a phase truncation (TRIAC) dimming, a pulse-width modulation (PWM) dimming, and an analog level dimming. However, control chips provided by the prior art only can provide one or two of the at least three possible dimming manners. 
         [0005]      FIG. 1  is a diagram illustrating a light-emitting diode driving circuit according to the prior art, where the light-emitting diode driving circuit has a flyback topology, a transformer of the light-emitting diode driving circuit has a primary winding PRM, a secondary winding SEC, and a auxiliary winding AUX inductively coupled to each other. As shown in  FIG. 1 , the transformer roughly separates a primary side circuit from a secondary side circuit, so the primary side circuit and the secondary side circuit are inductively or capacitively coupled to each other, and have a primary side ground wire  22  and a secondary side ground wire  24 , respectively. A power factor correction (PFC) controller  26  can control a power switch  34  to turn on/turn off to make the transformer store power/release power. When the transformer releases power, the secondary winding SEC builds an output voltage VDD on an output power line VDD through a rectifier diode. 
         [0006]    A series of light-emitting diodes  28  are coupled between the output power line VDD and the secondary side ground wire  24 . An operational amplifier  30  can provide a constant voltage feedback mechanism through a photo coupler  36 , so an operational voltage VDD does not roughly exceed a value corresponding to a constant voltage reference voltage V REF-CV  when the plurality of light-emitting diodes  28  are turned off. An operational amplifier  32  and a current detection resistor RS can provide a constant current feedback mechanism through the photo coupler  36 , so the constant current feedback mechanism can make current flowing through the series of light-emitting diodes  28  be roughly equal to a constant current reference voltage V REF-CC  dividing by a resistance of the current detection resistor RS when the series of light-emitting diode  28  are turned on. 
         [0007]    However, the phase truncation (TRIAC) dimming utilizes a primary side of the light-emitting diode driving circuit to dim the series of light-emitting diodes  28 . For example, a voltage divider can make the PFC controller  26  detect an input voltage VIN on an input power line IN. Therefore, the PFC controller  26  can control the current flowing through the series of light-emitting diode  28  at a secondary side of the light-emitting diode driving circuit according to a period ratio of the input voltage VIN being about 0V to the input voltage VIN exceeding 0V. But, control accuracy of the current flowing through the series of light-emitting diode  28  provided by the phase truncation (TRIAC) dimming is not enough, and the phase truncation (TRIAC) dimming can also not provide functions of pulse-width modulation dimming and analog level dimming. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0008]    An embodiment provides a dimming driving system. The dimming driving system includes a transformer, a lighting device, and a dimming controller. The transformer has a primary winding and a secondary winding inductively coupled to each other. The secondary winding coupled between an output power line and secondary ground. The lighting device is powered by the output power line and the secondary ground. The dimming controller is coupled to the secondary winding for controlling current flowing through the lighting device according to a voltage drop of the secondary winding. 
         [0009]    Another embodiment provides a dimming controller formed in an integrated circuit chip. The dimming controller includes a phase truncation control pin, a dimming control pin, and a processing circuit. The phase truncation control pin is coupled to a transformer for receiving a sensing signal. The dimming control pin is used for receiving a dimming signal. The processing circuit is coupled between the phase truncation control pin and the dimming control pin for providing a current setting signal. Priority of the dimming signal affecting the current setting signal is higher priority of the sensing signal affecting the current setting signal in the processing circuit. The current setting signal influences current flowing through a lighting device. 
         [0010]    These and other objectives of the present invention will no doubt become obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment that is illustrated in the various figures and drawings. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0011]      FIG. 1  is a diagram illustrating a light-emitting diode driving circuit according to the prior art. 
           [0012]      FIG. 2  is a diagram illustrating a secondary side circuit of a light-emitting diode driving circuit according to an embodiment. 
           [0013]      FIG. 3  is a diagram illustrating an inner circuit of the processing circuit according to one embodiment. 
           [0014]      FIG. 4  is a diagram illustrating signal waveforms in  FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 2 , and  FIG. 3 . 
           [0015]      FIG. 5  is a diagram illustrating coupling relationships between the pins of the dimming controller and external devices according to another embodiment. 
           [0016]      FIG. 6  is a diagram illustrating coupling relationships between the pins of the dimming controller and external devices according to another embodiment 
           [0017]      FIG. 7  is a diagram illustrating a dimming controller  40   a  which can provide the phase truncation (TRIAC) dimming through a pin TRCDIM. 
           [0018]      FIG. 8 ,  FIG. 9 , and  FIG. 10  are diagrams illustrating that the PWM dimming and the analog level dimming can be implemented through the pins of the dimming controller being connected to external devices. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0019]      FIG. 2  is a diagram illustrating a secondary side circuit of a light-emitting diode driving circuit according to an embodiment, where the secondary side circuit can provide a phase truncation (TRIAC) dimming, a pulse-width modulation (PWM) dimming, and an analog level dimming. A primary side circuit not shown in  FIG. 2  can be implemented as the primary side circuit shown in  FIG. 1  or other well-known primary side circuits by those of ordinary skill in the art, so further description thereof is omitted for simplicity. As shown in  FIG. 2 , after current flowing through a secondary winding SEC is rectified by a diode, the current can build an output voltage V DD  on an output power line VDD. The output power line VDD and a secondary side ground wire  24  can power a series of light-emitting diodes  28  together. 
         [0020]    A dimming controller  40  is shown in  FIG. 2 . In embodiments of the present invention as follows, the dimming controller  40  is a monolithic integrated circuit chip formed in a monolithic silicon chip. But, the present invention is not limited to the dimming controller  40  being formed in the monolithic silicon chip. That is to say, in another embodiment of the present invention, the dimming controller can be composed of discrete components. 
         [0021]    As shown in  FIG. 2 , the dimming controller  40  includes an output pin OUT, a voltage feedback pin VFB, a current feedback pin IFB, an analog level dimming control pin ANADIM, a pulse width modulation dimming pin PWMDIM, and a phase truncation control pin TRCDIM. Coupling relationships of operational amplifiers  30  and  32  of the dimming controller  40  are similar to those of the operational amplifiers  30  and  32  in  FIG. 1 , where the operational amplifiers  30  and  32  can act as a feedback circuit to provide similar constant voltage and constant current feedback mechanisms. A current setting signal V I-SET  in  FIG. 2  is generated and provided by a processing circuit  41  according to signals of the analog level dimming control pin ANADIM, the pulse width modulation dimming pin PWMDIM, and the phase truncation control pin TRCDIM, so the current setting signal V I-SET  is different from the constant current reference voltage V REF-CC  in  FIG. 1 . In one embodiment of the present invention, the current setting signal V I-SET  is about an analog voltage signal having a maximum value 350 mV and a minimum value 0 mV. In another embodiment of the present invention, the current setting signal V I-SET  is a digital signal voltage signal. When the current setting signal V I-SET  is a logic value “1”, the current setting signal V I-SET  has a voltage value 350 mV; when the current setting signal V I-SET  is a logic value “0”, the current setting signal V I-SET  has a voltage value 0 mV. 
         [0022]    In  FIG. 2 , the phase truncation dimming can be implemented through pins of the dimming controller  40  being connected to external devices. In addition, the dimming controller  40  can also implement other dimming functions explained later. 
         [0023]    The processing circuit  41  includes a dimming phase detection circuit  42  and a reference signal providing circuit  44 . In  FIG. 2 , the dimming phase detection circuit  42  is coupled to the secondary winding SEC through a resistor  46 . The pulse width modulation dimming pin PWMDIM of the dimming controller  40  is floating and not connected to an external device. The analog level dimming control pin ANADIM is coupled to a capacitor  48 . The dimming phase detection circuit  42  can generate a digital signal S PWMDIM  at the pulse width modulation dimming pin PWMDIM according to a voltage of the secondary winding SEC. The reference signal providing circuit  44  can provide the current setting signal V I-SET  according to the digital signal S PWMDIM . 
         [0024]      FIG. 3  is a diagram illustrating an inner circuit of the processing circuit  41  according to one embodiment, and  FIG. 4  is a diagram illustrating signal waveforms in  FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 2 , and  FIG. 3 . From top to down, the signal waveforms in  FIG. 4  correspond to a driving signal V DRV  at the driving terminal DRV in  FIG. 1 , the input voltage V IN  at the input power line IN in  FIG. 1 , a voltage V OS  at a terminal OS of the secondary winding SEC in  FIG. 2 , a signal V D1  at a terminal D 1  in  FIG. 3 , a signal V D2  at a terminal D 2  in  FIG. 3 , and the current setting signal V I-SET  in  FIG. 3 . 
         [0025]    The PFC controller  26  in  FIG. 1  can turn on and off the power switch  34  form the driving terminal DRV according to the driving signal V DRV . As shown in  FIG. 4 , a voltage value of the input voltage V IN  roughly varies with a rectified sinuous wave, but the voltage value of the input voltage V IN  is quickly reduced to 0V in one phase due to the phase truncation dimming. 
         [0026]    When the power switch  34  is turned on, the voltage V OS  (equal to a voltage drop of the secondary winding SEC) is a reflected voltage with a negative value rough proportion to a voltage drop of the primary winding PRM (that is, the input voltage V IN ) in  FIG. 1 . When the power switch  34  is turned off and the transformer is discharged, the secondary winding SEC charges the output power line VDD, so the voltage V OS  can be roughly clamped at the output voltage V DD . Therefore, as shown in  FIG. 4 , the voltage V OS  can vary up and down, be roughly limited to at the output voltage V DD , and be proportion to a negative value of the input voltage V IN . 
         [0027]    A circuit  50  in  FIG. 3  is used for roughly capturing a negative value of the voltage V OS  to convert to a positive value through the phase truncation control pin TRCDIM, and functioning as a low-pass filter to filter the voltage V OS  to generate the signal V D1  at the terminal D 1  simultaneously. As shown in  FIG. 4 , the waveform of the signal V D1  roughly reproduces the waveform of the input voltage V IN . In  FIG. 2 , a resistance of the resistor  46  between the secondary winding SEC and the phase truncation control pin TRCDIM can be used for determining a voltage ratio of the signal V D1  to the input voltage V IN . 
         [0028]    Because the signal V D1  is roughly the input voltage V IN , a circuit  52  in  FIG. 3  can roughly determine a power-on period T TRC-ON  and a power-off period T TRC-OFF  defined by the phase truncation dimming manner. For example, the circuit  52  can be a comparator for comparing the signal V D1  with a threshold value V TH , and generating a digital signal V D2  at the terminal D 2  according to a determination result. As shown in  FIG. 4 , when the pulse width modulation dimming pin PWMDIM is floating, the digital signal S PWMDIM  of the pulse width modulation dimming pin PWMDIM is roughly equal to the digital signal V D2 . 
         [0029]    In another embodiment of the present invention, the dimming phase detection circuit  42  can determine the power-on period T TRC-ON  and the power-off period T TRC-OFF  defined by the phase truncation dimming according to an internal period between two consecutive negative values of the voltage V OS . For example, when the dimming phase detection circuit  42  determines that the voltage V OS  is not the negative value for a predetermined time (such as 500 ns) through the phase truncation control pin TRCDIM, the dimming phase detection circuit  42  can determine the secondary side is in the power-off period T TRC-OFF , resulting in the dimming phase detection circuit  42  making the digital signal V D2  be the logic value “0”; otherwise, the dimming phase detection circuit  42  determines the secondary side is in the power-on period T TRC-ON , then the dimming phase detection circuit  42  can make the digital signal V D2  be the logic value “1”. The predetermined time is at least a maximum switching period of the power switch  34  of the primary side. That is to say, after the power switch  34  experiences a switching period, if the voltage V OS  is not the negative value, the input voltage V IN  is roughly equal to 0V, so the secondary side is in the power-off period T TRC-OFF  dimmed by the phase truncation dimming. 
         [0030]    When the analog level dimming control pin ANADIM is coupled to an external capacitor. As shown in the embodiment in  FIG. 2 , the reference signal providing circuit  44  in  FIG. 3  can function as a low-pass filter for filtering the digital signal S PWMDIM  to provide the current setting signal V I-SET . In the embodiment in  FIG. 3 , a stable value V STABLE  approached by the current setting signal V I-SET  can be calculated by equation I: 
         [0000]        V   STABLE   =V   TOP   *T   TRC-ON /( T   TRC-ON   +T   TRC-OFF )  I
 
         [0031]    As shown in equation I, V TOP  shown in  FIG. 3  has a predetermined voltage value, such as 350 mV. As shown in  FIG. 4 , finally, the current setting signal V I-SET  is roughly stabled at the stable value V STABLE . 
         [0032]    As shown in  FIG. 2 , the current setting signal V I-SET  can roughly control the current flowing through the series of light-emitting diodes  28  through the constant current feedback mechanism. The current setting signal V I-SET  roughly corresponds to filtered results of the power-on period T TRC-ON  and the power-off period T TRC-OFF  defined by the phase truncation dimming, so the dimming controller  40  can implement the phase truncation dimming. 
         [0033]      FIG. 5  is a diagram illustrating coupling relationships between the pins of the dimming controller  40  and external devices according to another embodiment, where the embodiment in  FIG. 5  can implement the PWM dimming. In one embodiment, a circuit  56  can optionally substitute the resistor  46  in  FIG. 2  for prohibiting the phase truncation dimming. The circuit  56  has a negative voltage low-pass filter which can roughly maintain a voltage V OSF  of a terminal OSF at a negative value according to variation of the input voltage V IN  to make the dimming phase detection circuit  42  persistently determine the secondary side is in the power-on period T TRC-ON , resulting in the phase truncation dimming being prohibited. An external digital PWM dimming signal V PWM  can be inputted in the pulse width modulation dimming pin PWMDIM. A low-pass filtered result of the PWM dimming signal V PWM  generates the current setting signal V I-SET  which has a voltage level roughly corresponding to a duty cycle of the PWM dimming signal V PWM . As shown in  FIG. 5 , priority of the PWM dimming signal V PWM  affecting the current setting signal V I-SET  is higher priority of the digital signal V D2  of the terminal D 2  affecting the current setting signal V I-SET  due to a function of a resistor  58 . 
         [0034]      FIG. 6  is a diagram illustrating coupling relationships between the pins of the dimming controller  40  and external devices according to another embodiment, where the embodiment in  FIG. 6  can implement the analog level dimming. In the embodiment in  FIG. 6 , the resistor  46  exists between the phase truncation control pin TRCDIM and the terminal OS of the secondary winding SEC, the pulse width modulation dimming pin PWMDIM is floating, and an external analog dimming signal V ANA  is directly inputted in the analog dimming control pin ANADIM to act as the current setting signal V I-SET . As shown in  FIG. 6 , as long as the analog dimming signal V ANA  is inputted, the current setting signal V I-SET  is equal to the analog dimming signal V ANA  regardless of signals of the phase truncation control pin TRCDIM and the pulse width modulation dimming pin PWMDIM. To sum up, priority order of affecting the current setting signal V I-SET  is the analog dimming signal V ANA , a signal of the pulse width modulation dimming pin PWMDIM, and a signal of the phase truncation control pin TRCDIM in sequence. 
         [0035]    However, a dimming controller according to another embodiment does not need three pins to provide the phase truncation (TRIAC) dimming, the PWM dimming, and the analog level dimming. Please refer to  FIG. 7 .  FIG. 7  is a diagram illustrating a dimming controller  40   a  which can provide the phase truncation (TRIAC) dimming, the PWM dimming, and the analog level dimming through a pin TRCDIM and a pin PWM/ANADIM. 
         [0036]    In  FIG. 7 , the phase truncation dimming can be implemented through the pins of the dimming controller  40   a  being connected to external devices. The dimming controller  40   a  can also implement other dimming functions explained later. 
         [0037]    The processing circuit  41  of the dimming controller  40   a  is described in previous embodiments of the present invention, so further description thereof is omitted for simplicity. The dimming controller  40   a  has a buffer  60 . An input of the buffer  60  is connected to the pin PWM/ANADIM, and a current setting signal V I-SET  generated by the buffer  60  can be outputted through an output of the buffer  60 . In the embodiment in  FIG. 7 , when a voltage of an input signal of the pin PWM/ANADIM exceeds a predetermined voltage value, the buffer  60  does not have driving capability, resulting in the current setting signal V I-SET  is completely determined by the processing circuit  41 . When the voltage of the input signal of the pin PWM/ANADIM is within a predetermined range, the buffer  60  has a powerful driving capability, resulting in the buffer  60  dominating the current setting signal V I-SET  to make the current setting signal V I-SET  be not influenced by the processing circuit  41 . For example, when the voltage of the input signal of the pin PWM/ANADIM exceeds 400 mV, the buffer  60  does not have driving capability; when the voltage of the input signal of the pin PWM/ANADIM is within 0V and 350 mV, a voltage of the current setting signal V I-SET  is about equal to a voltage of the pin PWM/ANADIM. 
         [0038]    In  FIG. 7 , when the voltage of the pin PWM/ANADIM is about equal to a voltage of the power line VDD (exceeding 400 mV), the buffer  60  has no function. Therefore, the processing circuit  41  can detect a phase of the input voltage V IN  through the pin TRCDIM and the secondary winding SEC to determine the power-on period T TRC-ON  and the power-off period T TRC-OFF , and can function as a low-pass filter to generate the current setting signal V I-SET . Thus, the embodiment in  FIG. 7  can implement the phase truncation dimming. 
         [0039]      FIG. 8  is a diagram illustrating that the PWM dimming and the analog level dimming can be implemented through the pins of the dimming controller  40   a  being connected to external devices. A PWM dimming signal V PWM  or an analog dimming signal V ANA  are directly inputted in the pin PWM/ANADIM. As long as a voltage level of the PWM dimming signal V PWM  or the analog dimming signal V ANA  is within 0V and 350 mV, the current setting signal V I-SET  corresponds exactly to the PWM dimming signal V PWM  and the analog dimming signal V ANA . When the pin PWM/ANADIM receives the analog dimming signal V ANA , a voltage level of analog dimming signal V ANA  is equal to set a current flowing through the series of light-emitting diodes  28  to achieve the analog level dimming; when the pin PWM/ANADIM receives the PWM dimming signal V PWM , a PFC power supply composed of the PFC controller  26  and peripheral circuits (the PFC power supply has 10 to 16 Hz closed-loop bandwidth) can filter the PWM dimming signal V ANA  to make the current flowing through the series of light-emitting diodes  28  be roughly maintain a dimmed value regardless of the current setting signal V I-SET  being a corresponding digital signal. Thus, the embodiment in  FIG. 8  can implement the PWM dimming. 
         [0040]      FIG. 9  is a diagram illustrating that the PWM dimming and the analog level dimming can be implemented through the pins of the dimming controller  40   a  being connected to external devices. In  FIG. 9 , a resistor  62  and a capacitor  64  coupled to the pin PWM/ANADIM can function as a low-pass filter. When a digital PWM dimming signal V PWM  is inputted in a terminal of the resistor  62 , the pin PWM/ANADIM has a corresponding analog dimming signal to achieve the same PWM dimming. In addition, Further, subsequent operational principles of an analog dimming signal V ANA  being inputted in the terminal of the resistor  62  are the same as those of the embodiment in  FIG. 8 , so further description thereof is omitted for simplicity. 
         [0041]      FIG. 10  is a diagram illustrating that the PWM dimming and the analog level dimming can be implemented through the pins of the dimming controller  40   a  being connected to external devices. When voltage levels of a PWM dimming signal V PWM  and an analog dimming signal V ANA  provided by a signal source exceed a range which can be accepted by the buffer  60 , voltage levels of the PWM dimming signal V PWM  and the analog dimming signal V ANA  need to be reduced, then the reduced PWM dimming signal V PWM  and the reduced analog dimming signal V ANA  just can be inputted in the pin PWM/ANADIM. Therefore, two resistors in  FIG. 10  are used for reducing the PWM dimming signal V PWM  or the analog dimming signal V ANA  to provide a corresponding signal having a proper voltage level to the pin PWM/ANADIM. 
         [0042]    To sum up, the dimming controller  40   a  can provide the phase truncation (TRIAC) dimming, the PWM dimming, and the analog level dimming through proper external devices. Similarly, in  FIG. 8 ,  FIG. 9 , and  FIG. 10 , priority order of affecting the current setting signal V I-SET  is the signal of the pin PWM/ANADIM and the signal of the pin TRCDIM in sequence. 
         [0043]    Those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerous modifications and alterations of the device and method may be made while retaining the teachings of the invention. Accordingly, the above disclosure should be construed as limited only by the metes and bounds of the appended claims.