Abstract:
A pair of pet waterers, a pair of pet feeders or a pet feeder and a pet waterer adapted to be packaged together in a manner that reduces the volume occupied by the combination compared to if they were packaged separately. The pet feeder has a feed receptacle for storing feed. A first end of the feed receptacle when placed in a first tray occupies only a portion of the tray. The pet waterer has a water receptacle for storing water. A first end of the water receptacle when placed in a second tray occupies only a portion of the tray. A second end of the feed receptacle is adapted to be received by the second tray and a second end of the water receptacle is adapted to be received first tray.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention relates to improved apparatus for providing food and/or water to animals particularly pets. The invention has particular applicability to providing food and water to such pets as cats and dogs. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   While there are many different types of pet food available to the consumer, they frequently can be divided into two general categories, canned and dried. Canned pet food is typically moister than dried pet food, which is more often than not sold in bags or cartons. Where the food is relatively moist, the product is typically placed in a bowl and the pet can access the food as desired from the bowl. If the bowl needs to be refilled the owner usually must manually refill the bowl by either opening a new can and emptying the contents or pouring additional food from the container to the bowl. For food of a dryer consistency the food can be placed in the bowl as in the case of the moist pet food and can also be placed in a dispenser that will typically hold more than just an single meal for the pet. These dispensers will release an additional portion of the food as the food in the dish is eaten. The advantage of the dispenser is that a greater quantity of food is available to the pet over a longer period of time. This has benefits if the family is delayed in returning home at dinnertime. With the dispenser, the additional food is present and the pet will not miss a meal. In many of these dried food dispensers, the refilling aspect of the device is gravity fed. Because of the viscosity of the moist pet food, the gravity fed dispensers are not commonly used with moist food as these foods have a tendency to agglomerate together when placed in the dispenser and have a difficulty in refilling the bowl once a portion has been eaten. 
   Water dishes are also a common feature of many households with pets today. These dishes provide the family pet with a source of fresh water during the day to re-hydrate the animal. Water dishes can also be a mere bowl or can be a more elaborate structure that holds a significant quantity of water so that the pet has a access to sufficient water even during the hottest days. Where the waterer contains a large quantity of water one concern is the ease of refilling the container. In the past many of the waterers relied on a empty two liter soda bottle as the reservoir for the water. In these devices an empty soda bottle is filled with water and the tray was connected to the soda bottle usually by means of a threaded connection. The combination of the bowl and the bottle are transported to the site and inverted as they are placed on the floor or other surface. One of the problems that was encountered with these devices was spillage as the container was inverted. Water would inevitably spill from the bowl when the combination was set up. In addition, any time the waterer was lifted and moved for example to be refilled, cleaned or transported to a new location, if water was present there always seemed to be a spill. 
   Another problem with waterers and feeders was the issue of shipping and packaging. Many products today have to be packed for shipping from the factory to the store in as compact a package as possible. Whether shipped by rail car or tractor trailer a primary determinant of the shipping cost is the volume being shipped. As a result, there is a need to ship as much product as possible in a given volume. Similarly, in many retail locations, shelf space is at a premium. Retailers seek to have a broad range of products and shelf area for an item is frequently small. However, because empty shelves translate into lost sales most retailers want to be able to fit as much of the product as possible into a given area. For this reason, there is a need for compact packaging of many products. 
   One of the problems with the prior art waterers has been the spillage of water during the refilling process. When the prior art waterer is running low of water and has to be refilled, if there is still some water in the tray or the container the user can carry the assembly to the water station and risk water spilling as the assembly is moved. If there is no water in the container but there is water in the tray, the user can attempt to remove the container from the tray and either just take the container to the water station or attempt to move the tray or base also. However, it is not uncommon for the act of removing the container from the tray to cause spillage from the tray. Also moving a base when water is present also risks spillage. 
   At the water station where the container is being filled, the prior art container is typically filled through the small dispensing orifice in the lower portion of the container. The user can fill the inverted container, insert the inverted container into the inverted tray and revert the entire assembly to its original configuration. Alternatively, the user can carry the filled inverted container to the pet watering site, revert the filled container and insert the container into the tray. If the container is inserted into the tray at the water station and the container is reverted there, the user must carry the assembly to the site risking spillage as the filled assembly is carried. In addition the act of reversion of the filled container either at the water station, the site where the base was left or any place else can also cause spillage. Accordingly, there is a need for a pet waterer that reduces the amount of spillage in removing the container from the base, in filling the container and in transporting the container. 
   Another common problem encountered in the prior art waterers is the problem of cleaning. Many of these waterers are almost completely enclosed and the only opening is the small orifice that is used for filling and dispensing. Even though most of the waterers only hold water, the interior of the waterer can still become dirty and in need of cleaning. Also, in many parts of the country there can be a build up of hard water deposits on the interior of the container that are difficult to clean. Thoroughly cleaning these containers through the dispensing orifice is very difficult if not impossible. As a result, there is a need for a waterer that may be readily and thoroughly cleaned. The problem of cleaning can, to a lesser extent, also become an issue with respect to feeders as well. Many prior art feeders do not permit the interior to received a thorough scrubbing due to their construction. 
   OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION 
   It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved pet feeder that provides improved dispensing of food into a bowl or tray with fewer clogs. 
   It is an object of the invention to provided an improved pet waterer that reduces the risk of leakage in filling, transporting and using the waterer. 
   It is an object of the invention to provide an improved combination pet waterer and feeder that may be shipped and stored in a compact arrangement. 
   It is an object of the invention to provide an improved pet waterer that may be shipped and stored in a compact arrangement with a second pet waterer of the same style. 
   It is an object of the invention to provide an improved pet feeder that may be shipped and stored in a compact arrangement with a second pet feeder of the same style. 
   It is an object of the present invention to provide a nesting pet waterer and feeder combination to reduce the amount of space the waterer and feeder occupy on a store shelf or in shipping. 
   It is an object of the present invention to provide nesting pet waterers to reduce the amount of space the waterers occupy on a store shelf or in shipping. 
   It is an object of the present invention to provide nesting pet feeders to reduce the amount of space the feeders occupy on a store shelf or in shipping. 
   It is a further object of the invention to provide an improved valve mechanism for use in a waterer that reduces the amount of spilled water in filling and transporting the container. 
   It is an additional object of the present invention to reduce the risk of spillage when lifting a partially filled water container away from the base or tray It is another object of the invention to provide a pet waterer that has a water receptacle that may be thoroughly cleaned by opening a cover that will provide access to the interior of the container. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   A pet refreshment apparatus is described which may be a pet waterer and/or feeder and combinations thereof. The refreshment apparatus are adapted to be packaged together in a manner that reduces the amount of volume occupied by the apparatus compared to if they were packaged separately. The pet feeder has a feed receptacle for storing feed, which has a first end and a second end and a first tray to permit the pet to eat the feed. The first end of the feed receptacle when placed in the first tray occupies only a portion of the tray leaving the remainder for the feed. The pet waterer has a water receptacle for storing water. The receptacle has a first end and a second end and a second tray to permit the pet to drink the water. The first end of the water receptacle when placed in the second tray occupies only a portion of the tray. The second end of the feed receptacle is adapted to be received by the second tray and the second end of the water receptacle is adapted to be received by the first tray. 
   In another embodiment, there is a first pet feeder that has a feed receptacle for storing feed which receptacle has a first end and a second end and a first tray to permit the pet to eat the feed. The first end of the feed receptacle when placed in the first tray occupies only a portion of the tray leaving the remainder for the feed. There is a second pet feeder that also has a feed receptacle for storing feed. The receptacle has a first end and a second end and a second tray to permit the pet to eat the feed. The first end of the second feed receptacle when placed in the second tray occupies only a portion of the tray. The second end of the first feed receptacle is adapted to be received by the second tray and the second end of the second feed receptacle is adapted to be received by the first tray. 
   Alternatively, there are a pair of pet waterers The first pet waterer has a water receptacle for storing water which has a first end and a second end and a first tray to permit the pet to drink the water. The first end of the water receptacle when placed in the first tray occupies only a portion of the tray leaving the remainder for the water. There is a second pet waterer that also has a water receptacle for storing water. The receptacle has a first end and a second end and a second tray to permit the pet to drink the water. The first end of the second water receptacle when placed in the second tray occupies only d portion of the tray. The second end of the first water receptacle is adapted to be received by the second tray and the second end of the second water receptacle is adapted to be received by the first tray creating a compact assembly for shipping and storage as well as display. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a pair of pet waterers and feeders assembled together in accordance with the present invention. 
       FIG. 2  shows the waterer and feeder of  FIG. 1  in a side by side relationship. 
       FIG. 3  is an enlarged view of the waterer of FIG.  2 . 
       FIG. 4  is an exploded view of the waterer of FIG.  3 . 
       FIG. 4A  is a view of the orifice in the receptacle for receiving the valve stem. 
       FIG. 5  shows the feeder of FIG.  2 . 
       FIG. 6  is an exploded view of the feeder of FIG.  5 . 
       FIG. 6A  is a view of the flanges that may be used to retain the receptacle to the tray of the feeder. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention is directed to an animal refreshment apparatus  10 . This apparatus may be a combination waterer and feeder that are adapted to nest together in a compact arrangement for shipping, and display. In another embodiment, there can be a first and second pet feeders that can similarly nest together or a pair of first and second pet waterers as well. There is a waterer  10 A and a feeder  10 B. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the are that there can be a pair of waterers  10 A or a pair of feeders  10 B together. In each instance, there are a pair of trays  11  and  12  and a pair of receptacles  13  and  14 . Each of the receptacles may be provided with a removable cover  15  and  16  or the cover  17  may be integral with the receptacle  14  as shown in  FIG. 2. A  removable cover is preferable because it is easier to fill the receptacle  14  with the cover removed as opposed to filling the receptacle through the opening  44 . While the tray  11  may be any configuration, it has been found that the overall combination has a smaller “footprint” on a shelf or in a package if the tray  11  is generally rectangular in shape as shown in FIG.  2 . The feeder tray  11  has a front wall  18  and a pair of sidewalls  19  and  20 . Opposite the front wall  18  is rear wall  21 . The walls may meet and generally form a 90° angle. In one embodiment, the juncture of the walls may be a curved portion  22 . Other arrangements are possible also. Rear wall  21  may be generally higher than front wall  18  to accommodate sloping base surface  23 . Sloping base surface  23  preferably forms an angle of greater than 148 degrees to the feeding surface  24 . More preferably, the angle created by the base surface  23  and feeding surface  24  is greater than 155 degrees and most preferably greater than 165 degrees. By providing the base surface  23  with the angle to the feeding surface  24 , the food in the receptacle is better able to flow out of the receptacle onto the feeding surface as the level of food in the tray decreases. Sidewalls  19  and  20  preferably rise in height as they extend from the front wall to the rear wall. The tray may also be provided with a pair of cutouts or handles  19 A in the sidewalls  19  and  20  of the tray. These handles provide a convenient location for placing the user&#39;s fingers for transporting the tray or the assembled feeder. 
   Receptacle  13  has a front wall  25  a rear wall  26  and a pair of sidewalls  27  and  28  that connect the front and rear walls. As can be seen more clearly in  FIG. 6  the receptacle  13  preferably has an send end  29  that has a removable cover  15  over it. The cover  15  provides a convenient means for cleaning the container and/or filling the feeder with pet food, usually a relatively dry pet food. The cover may be hinged to facilitate addition of feed to the receptacle. As seen in  FIG. 5  there is at least one hinge  30  and  31  that connects the cover to the receptacle. The hinge may be any suitable binge that is known by those skilled in the art. In one embodiment, there are a pair of members  32  and  33  that extend from the rear wall  26  of the receptacle  13 . Each of the members  32  and  33  may have a pin, not shown, that extends inwardly toward the other member. These pins are received into an orifice in receiving member  34  that extends from the cover. Alternatively, the members  32  and  33  maybe provided with an orifice or dimple to receive a pin that extends from each end of the receiving member  34 . The receptacle has a bottom  35 , which is provided with generally the same slope as the base surface  23 . The receptacle may be retained in the tray  11  by any suitable means such as, for example, friction. Alternatively, underside of the receptacle may be provided with a first rail  36  and a second rail  37 . The rails have a vertical member  40  that extends downwardly from the underside of the receptacle. Over at least a portion of the length of the vertical member there is a generally horizontally extending flange  39 . The upper surface of the base surface  23  is similarly provided with a pair of rails, a left rail, not shown, and a right rail  38 . These rails preferably have an upwardly extending vertical member  41  and a over at least a portion of the length of the upwardly extending member  41  there is a generally horizontally extending flange  42  The receptacle may be held in place on the tray  11  by sliding the receptacle so that the flanges on underside of the receptacle mate with the flanges on the tray. 
   The receptacle is preferably provided with a generally square or rectangular cross-section. As in the case of the tray, the walls of the receptacle may meet and generally form a 90 degree angle. In one embodiment, the juncture of the walls may be a curved portion  43 . Front wall  25  is provided with an opening  44  for feed to pass from the receptacle to the tray. The opening is preferably in the shape of a semicircle as this arrangement tends to prevent spilling of the feed as it drops into the tray from the receptacle. 
   The waterer has tray  12  has a front wall  50  and a pair of sidewalls  51  and  52 . Opposite the front wall  50  is rear wall  53 . The walls of the watering tray may meet and generally form a 90 degree angle. In one embodiment, the juncture of the walls may be a curved portion  54 . Rear wall  53  may be higher than front wall  50 . Sidewalls  51  and  52  preferably rise in height as they extend from the front wall to the rear wall. The watering tray may also be provided with a pair of cutouts  55  in the sidewalls  51  and  52  of the tray. These cutouts provide a convenient location for placing the user&#39;s fingers for transporting the tray or the assembled waterer. 
   Receptacle  14  preferably has a front wall  56  a rear wall  57  and a pair of side walls  58  and  59  that connect the front and rear walls. The receptacle is preferably provided with a generally square or rectangular cross-section. As in the case of the tray, the walls of the receptacle may meet and generally form a 90 degree angle. In one embodiment, the juncture of the walls may be a curved portion  76 . However, other shapes are possible. The receptacle  14  may have an open end that has a removable or hinged cover over it. The openable cover or the removable the cover provides a convenient means for thoroughly clean the container and/or fill the feeder with water. The cover may be hinged in the same manner as the cover for the feeder. In the preferred embodiment, the receptacle  14  for the waterer does not have a removable cover and the top  60  is integral with the remainder of the receptacle. The receptacle has a removable bottom member  61  which may be provided with a valve means  62  to prevent leakage of water from the waterer. The valve means may be any suitable valve means known to those skilled in the art. In a preferred embodiment, the receptacle may be provided with an orifice  63  for passing water to the tray. The orifice  63  is provided with a ring  64  having an open center section  65 . The ring may be retained in the orifice by a plurality of supports  66 . The valve disk  67  has a stem  68 . The valve stem  68  is seated in the open center section  65  of the ring  64 . The stem  68  preferably has a notch  69  extending along a portion of its length. A nub  70  extending from the inside surface of the ring enters the notch  69  in the stem  68  and retains the valve in the valve means. 
   The receptacle may be retained in the tray  11  by any suitable means such as, for example, friction. Alternatively, the tray may be provided with a shaft or post  71  that extends upwardly from the upper surface  72  of the tray. The post  71  mates with a receiving member  73  in the underside of the bottom member  61  of the receptacle. The post helps prevent the pet from knocking over the receptacle. Baffles  74  and  75  may extend downwardly from the underside of the bottom member  61  to support the receptacle and prevent it from tipping over when the receptacle is removed from the tray. In addition, the baffles prevent the stem from rising and permitting water to leak when the receptacle is removed from the tray and placed on a resting surface. Another aspect of the baffles occurs when the receptacle is filled from the valve orifice opening. In this instance the baffles help direct water into the orifice. 
   In order to fill the receptacle for the waterer, the receptacle  14  is lifted from the tray. As the receptacle is lifted the valve stem  68  drops downwardly in the ring  64  causing the valve disk  67  to block the orifice  63  and prevent excessive water from escaping from the receptacle. Typically, depending on the tolerances of the parts only a negligible amount of water should leak when the receptacle is lifted off of the tray. When the user is at the sink or other location for filling the receptacle, the bottom member  61  is removed and the receptacle is filled and the bottom member is replaced. When the filled receptacle is returned to the tray, the receptacle is inverted so that the bottom member  61  is positioned downwardly with the valve disk in place to prevent water from spilling. As the receptacle is lowered onto the tray the valve stem contacts the upper surface  72  of the tray. The contact of the stem with the upper surface causes the valve disk to rise thus opening the receptacle to permit water to flow from the receptacle into the tray for the pet to drink. In some instances a portion of the upper surface  72  of the tray may be provided with a raised portion that permits the stem to be shorter. The advantage of a shorter stem is that there is less risk that imperfections in the resting surface could cause the stem to push the disk upwardly and open the orifice thus causing fluid to leak from the receptacle, when the receptacle is removed from the tray. 
   One of the advantages of the present invention is demonstrated in  FIG. 1  where the top  60  of the waterer may be inserted in the area of the feeding surface when it is inverted for packing or shipment. Similarly, the cover of the feeder may be inserted into the open portion of the waterer tray to form a compact arrangement as depicted in FIG.  1 . The shipping arrangement of the present invention helps reduce the cubic volume of the separate parts by about 5 to 10% or more.