Abstract:
A torque vectoring device is provided. The torque vectoring device includes a drive member engaged with a power source, a plurality of spherical adjusters configured to be tiltable and rotatable with respect to the drive member, a first output frictionally engaged with the spherical adjusters, and a second output frictionally engaged with the spherical adjusters. A torque distribution between the first output and the second output may be adjusted by tilting the plurality of spherical adjusters. The spherical adjusters also facilitate a differential action between the first output and the second output.

Description:
CLAIM OF PRIORITY 
       [0001]    The present application claims priority to and incorporates by reference U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/598,973 filed Feb. 15, 2012, entitled “TILTING BALL VARIATOR CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE TRANSMISSION TORQUE VECTORING DEVICE” and U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/588,272 filed Jan. 19, 2012, entitled “TILTING BALL VARIATOR TORQUE VECTORING DEVICE.” 
     
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    Vehicles including a torque vectoring device have many advantages over vehicles not including torque vectoring devices. In addition to performing a differential function between wheels or axles of a vehicle, the torque vectoring device may be configured to vary torque between wheels or axles of a vehicle at the request of a control system of the vehicle or by an operator of the vehicle. 
         [0003]    Conventionally, torque vectoring devices disposed between wheels of a vehicle may include a pair of clutches which may be individually engaged in response to a detected “slip” condition. Engagement of one or both of the clutches directs torque from one wheel to another or balances a torques distribution therebetween. Such clutches typically include a plurality of clutch plates, biasing members, and at least one actuator. The conventional torque vectoring device including clutches tends to be expensive, bulky, and difficult to service. 
         [0004]    Torque vectoring devices disposed between axles of a vehicle, such as between the front and rear axle of a passenger vehicle, are configured to distribute torque between the axles according to a design of the torque vectoring device. As described hereinabove, the torque vectoring device disposed between axles of a vehicle may also include a clutch to direct torque from one axle in another in response to a driving condition. As non-limiting examples, such a torque vectoring device may be configured with a planetary style differential or a bevel gear style differential, each of which distribute torque between the axles based on the design of the differential incorporated into the torque vectoring device. As a result, the torque vectoring device is limited to a narrow range of possible torque distributions between the axles during ordinary operation of the vehicle or a range of torque distributions in response to detected driving conditions. 
         [0005]    Torque vectoring devices disposed between wheels of a vehicle may be configured to adjust a drive ratio between an input of the torque vectoring device and the axles according to a design of the torque vectoring device. Conventionally, the drive ratio may be adjusted through selection of a drive pinion and a crown gear. Such an arrangement provides a single, non-adjustable, underdrive or overdrive adjustment to the gear ratio. As a result, the torque vectoring device is typically limited to a single ratio adjustment between the input of the torque vectoring device and the axles. 
         [0006]    It would be advantageous to develop a torque vectoring device that is inexpensive, compact, easy to service, able of performing a differential function, may be configured for a for a wide range of torque distributions, and able to adjust a drive ratio. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0007]    Presently provided by the invention, a torque vectoring device that is inexpensive, compact, easy to service, able of performing a differential function, may be configured for a for a wide range of torque distributions, and able to adjust a drive ratio, has surprisingly been discovered. 
         [0008]    In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a torque vectoring device. The torque vectoring device includes a drive member drivingly engaged with a power source, a plurality of spherical adjusters drivingly engaged with the drive member, each of the spherical adjusters configured to be tiltable and rotatable with respect to the drive member, a first output frictionally engaged with a surface of at least a portion of the spherical adjusters to transmit torque from the drive member to the first output, and a second output frictionally engaged with a surface of at least a portion of the spherical adjusters to transmit torque from the drive member to the second output. A torque distribution between the first output and the second output may be adjusted by tilting at least a portion of the plurality of spherical adjusters and the spherical adjusters facilitate a differential action between the first output and the second output. 
         [0009]    In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to a torque vectoring device. The torque vectoring device includes a drive member drivingly engaged with a power source, an array of rollers drivingly engaged with the drive member, a first array of spherical adjusters drivingly engaged with the array of rollers, each of the spherical adjusters configured to be tiltable and rotatable with respect to the drive member, a second array of spherical adjusters drivingly engaged with the array of rollers, each of the spherical adjusters configured to be tiltable and rotatable with respect to the drive member, a first output frictionally engaged with a surface of the first array of spherical adjusters to transmit torque from the drive member to the first output, and a second output frictionally engaged with a surface of the second array of spherical adjusters to transmit torque from the drive member to the second output. A torque distribution between the first output and the second output may be adjusted by tilting at least a portion of the plurality of spherical adjusters and the spherical adjusters facilitate a differential action between the first output and the second output. 
         [0010]    In a third embodiment, the present invention is directed to a torque vectoring device. The torque vectoring device includes a drive member drivingly engaged with a power source, a plurality of drive pinions drivingly engaged with the drive member, a first input member drivingly engaged with the plurality of drive pinions, a second input member drivingly engaged with the plurality of drive pinions, a first array of spherical adjusters frictionally engaged with the first input member, each of the spherical adjusters configured to be tiltable and rotatable with respect to the drive member, a second array of spherical adjusters frictionally engaged with the second input member, each of the spherical adjusters configured to be tiltable and rotatable with respect to the drive member, a first output frictionally engaged with a surface of the first array of spherical adjusters to transmit torque from the drive member to the first output, and a second output frictionally engaged with a surface of the second array of spherical adjusters to transmit torque from the drive member to the second output. A torque distribution between the first output and the second output may be adjusted by tilting at least a portion of the plurality of spherical adjusters and the spherical adjusters facilitate a differential action between the first output and the second output. 
         [0011]    Various aspects of this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment, when read in light of the accompanying drawings. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0012]    The above, as well as other advantages of the present invention, will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description when considered in the light of the accompanying drawings in which: 
           [0013]      FIG. 1  is a cross-sectional view of a torque vectoring device according to an embodiment of the invention; 
           [0014]      FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view of a torque vectoring device according to another embodiment of the invention; 
           [0015]      FIG. 3  is a cross-sectional view of a torque vectoring device according to another embodiment of the invention; 
           [0016]      FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view of a torque vectoring device according to another embodiment of the invention; 
           [0017]      FIG. 5  is a cross-sectional view of a torque vectoring device according to another embodiment of the invention; 
           [0018]      FIG. 6  is a cross-sectional view of a torque vectoring device according to another embodiment of the invention; and 
           [0019]      FIG. 7  is a cross-sectional view of a torque vectoring device according to another embodiment of the invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0020]    It is to be understood that the invention may assume various alternative orientations and step sequences, except where expressly specified to the contrary. It is also to be understood that the specific devices and processes illustrated in the attached drawings, and described in the following specification are simply exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts defined herein. Hence, specific dimensions, directions or other physical characteristics relating to the embodiments disclosed are not to be considered as limiting, unless expressly stated otherwise. 
         [0021]      FIG. 1  illustrates a torque vectoring device  100 . The torque vectoring device  100  comprises an outer cage  102 , an inner cage  104 , a first idling ring  106 , a second idling ring  108 , a first output ring  110 , a second output ring  112 , and a plurality of variator ball assemblies  114 . The first idling ring  106 , the second idling ring  106 , the first output ring  110 , and the second output ring  112  are rotatably disposed within the outer cage  102 . A volume of the outer cage  102  between the first output ring  110  and the second output ring  112  may be filled with one of a traction fluid and an automatic transmission fluid. Each of the variator ball assemblies  114  is tiltably disposed between and drivingly engaged with the inner cage  104  and the outer cage  102 . An actuator assembly  116  disposed within the outer cage  102  adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball assemblies  114  between the inner cage  104  and the outer cage  102 . The torque vectoring device  100  is typically rotatably disposed within a housing (not shown). 
         [0022]    The outer cage  102  is a hollow member formed from a metal. The outer cage  102  comprises a plurality of components coupled together. The first idling ring  106 , the second idling ring  108 , the first output ring  110 , and the second output ring  112  are rotatably disposed within the outer cage  102 . A crown gear  118  is disposed about and coupled to an outer surface of the outer cage  102 . Alternately, it is understood that the crown gear  118  may be integrally formed with the outer cage  102 . An inner surface of the outer cage  102  is configured to facilitate driving engagement between the outer cage  102  and each of the variator ball assemblies  114  while permitting each of the variator ball assemblies  114  to be tilted with respect to the outer cage  102 . Further, it is understood that the crown gear  118  may be replaced with another feature that facilitates driving engagement of the outer cage  102  with a power source, such as through a drive shaft or a drive gear. 
         [0023]    The inner cage  104  is an annular member formed from a metal. An outer surface of the inner cage  104  is configured to facilitate driving engagement between the inner cage  104  and each of the variator ball assemblies  114  while permitting each of the variator ball assemblies  114  to be tilted with respect to the inner cage  104 . The inner cage is  104  is coupled to the outer cage  102 , and cooperate to drive the variator ball assemblies  114 . 
         [0024]    The first idling ring  106  is an annular member formed from a metal. The first idling ring  106  is rotatably disposed adjacent the inner cage  104  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. A portion of an outer surface of the first idling ring  106  is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  114 . The portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  114  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the first idling ring  106 , depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies  114  or if the torque vectoring device  100  is performing a differential function. 
         [0025]    The second idling ring  108  is an annular member formed from a metal. The second idling ring  108  is rotatably disposed adjacent the inner cage  104  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. A portion of an outer surface of the second idling ring  108  is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  114 . The portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  114  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the second idling ring  108 , depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies  114  or if the torque vectoring device  100  is performing a differential function. 
         [0026]    The first output ring  110  is an annular member formed from a metal. The first output ring  110  comprises an engagement end  120 , a middle portion  122 , and an output end  124 . The first output ring  110  is rotatably disposed within the outer cage  102  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The first output ring  110  is unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the first output ring  110  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. 
         [0027]    The engagement end  120  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  114 . The engagement end  120  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  114  contacting the engagement end  120 , depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies  114  or if the torque vectoring device  100  is performing a differential function. 
         [0028]    The middle portion  122  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the first output ring  110 ; however, it is understood that the middle portion  122  may have other shapes. The output end  124  is an axially extending, sleeve shaped portion of the first output ring  110 ; however, it is understood that the output end  124  may have other shapes. An inner surface of the output end  124  defines a plurality of drive splines thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the first output ring  110  and a first output shaft  126 . Alternately, it is understood that the output end  124  may be configured with other features that facilitate driving engagement with the first output shaft  126 . 
         [0029]    The second output ring  112  is an annular member formed from a metal. The second output ring  112  comprises an engagement end  128 , a middle portion  130 , and an output end  132 . The second output ring  112  is rotatably disposed within the outer cage  102  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The second output ring  112  is unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the second output ring  112  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. 
         [0030]    The engagement end  128  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  114 . The engagement end  128  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  114  contacting the engagement end  128 , depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies  114  or if the torque vectoring device  100  is performing a differential function. 
         [0031]    The middle portion  130  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the second output ring  112 ; however, it is understood that the middle portion  130  may have other shapes. The output end  132  is an axially extending, sleeve shaped portion of the second output ring  112 ; however, it is understood that the output end  132  may have other shapes. An inner surface of the output end  132  defines a plurality of drive splines thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the second output ring  112  and a second output shaft  134 . Alternately, it is understood that the output end  132  may be configured with other features that facilitate driving engagement with the second output shaft  134 . 
         [0032]    Each of the variator ball assemblies  114  includes at least a variator ball  136  and a variator axis  138 , which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface  140  of each of the variator balls  136  is in contact with the engagement end  120 ,  128  of the output rings  110 ,  112 . The variator axis  138  is disposed through and coupled to the variator ball  136 . The variator axis  138  is rotatably and tiltably coupled to the outer cage  102  and the inner cage  104 . Alternately, the variator ball  136  may be rotatably coupled to the variator axis  138  and the variator axis  138  may be tiltably coupled to the outer cage  102  and the inner cage  104 . The torque vectoring device  100  includes at least three of the variator ball assemblies  114 ; however it is understood that the torque vectoring device  100  may include more than three of the variator ball assemblies  114 . 
         [0033]    The actuator assembly  116  disposed within the outer cage  102  adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball assemblies  114  between the inner cage  104  and the outer cage  102 . The plurality of variator ball assemblies  114  are simultaneously and similarly moved by the actuator assembly  116 . As a non-limiting example, the actuator assembly  116  may be mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a central perforation formed in one of the first output ring  110  and the second output ring  112 . Alternately, it is understood that the actuator assembly  116  may be hydraulically, electrically, or pneumatically actuated and that the actuator assembly  116  may be disposed outside of the outer cage  102 . 
         [0034]    In use, the torque vectoring device  100  facilitates a transfer of torque from the outer cage  102  to the first output shaft  126  and the second output shaft  134  while facilitating the differential function between the first output shaft  126  and the second output shaft  134 . 
         [0035]    The first output ring  110  and the second output ring  112  are driven by the outer cage  102  through the frictional engagement between the engagement ends  120 ,  128  and the outer surface  140  of the variator balls  136 . When the first output ring  110  and the second output ring  112  are rotating at substantially the same speed, each of the variator balls  136  does not rotate about its corresponding variator axis  138 , and thus the outer cage  102 , the inner cage  104 , the variator ball assemblies  114 , the first output ring  110 , and the second output ring  112  rotate substantially simultaneously. 
         [0036]    The differential function of the torque vectoring device  100  occurs in response to different rates of rotation between the first output ring  110  and the second output ring  112 . When the first output ring  110  and the second output ring  112  rotate at different rates, the variator balls  136  rotate about the variator axis  138 , rolling against the first output ring  110  and the second output ring  112 . The differential function occurs even when the variator ball assemblies  114  are placed in a tilted position. As a non-limiting example, when a wheel (not shown) coupled to the first output shaft  126  is turning at a slower rate than a wheel (not shown) coupled to the second output shaft  126 , such as when a vehicle the torque vectoring device  100  is incorporated in is driving through a turn, each of the variator balls  136  will start rotating around the variator axis  138  and the remaining wheel will adjust in speed proportionally. 
         [0037]    A rotational speed of each of the variator balls  136  is typically a low amount. When the differential function is not occurring, the first output ring  110  and the second output ring  112  turn at the same speed, and the rotational speed of each of the variator balls  136  will be substantially equal to zero. The rotational speed of the variator balls  136  will be greater than zero when the first output ring  110  and the second output ring  112  are rotating at different speeds. 
         [0038]    A ratio of torque applied to the first output shaft  126  and the second output shaft  134  may be adjusted by tilting the plurality of variator ball assemblies  114  using the actuator assembly  116 . The ratio of torque is dependent on a ratio of the distances between the variator axes  138  of the variator balls  136  and a contact point of the first output ring  110  and the second output ring  112  with the outer surface  140  of the variator balls  136 . Accordingly, to adjust the ratio of torque from an equal division, the variator balls  136  are tilted on the variator axes  138  by the actuator assembly  116 . The actuator assembly  116  is typically controlled automatically by a controller (not shown) based on an input from a plurality of sensors (not shown). However, it is understood that the actuator assembly  116  may be controlled manually by an operator of the vehicle the torque vectoring device  100  is incorporated in. 
         [0039]      FIG. 2  illustrates a torque vectoring device  200 . The torque vectoring device  200  comprises an outer cage  202 , an inner cage  204 , a first output ring  206 , a second output ring  208 , a first plurality of variator ball assemblies  210 , a second plurality of variator ball assemblies  212 , and a roller assembly  214 . The first output ring  206  and the second output ring  208 , and the roller assembly  214  are rotatably disposed within the outer cage  202 . A volume of the outer cage  202  between the first output ring  206  and the second output ring  208  may be filled with one of a traction fluid and an automatic transmission fluid. Each of the variator ball assemblies  210 ,  212  is tiltably disposed between and drivingly engaged with the inner cage  204  and the outer cage  202 . A first actuator assembly  216  and a second actuator assembly  218  disposed within the outer cage  202  respectively adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball assemblies  210 ,  212 , between the inner cage  204  and the outer cage  202 . The torque vectoring device  200  is typically rotatably disposed within a housing (not shown). 
         [0040]    The outer cage  202  is a hollow member formed from a metal. The outer cage  202  comprises a plurality of components coupled together. The first output ring  206  and the second output ring  208  are rotatably disposed within the outer cage  202 . A crown gear  220  is disposed about and coupled to an outer surface of the outer cage  202 . Alternately, it is understood that the crown gear  220  may be integrally formed with the outer cage  202 . An inner surface of the outer cage  202  is configured to facilitate driving engagement between the outer cage  202  and each of the variator ball assemblies  210 ,  212  while permitting each of the variator ball assemblies  210 ,  212  to be tilted with respect to the outer cage  202 . Further, it is understood that the crown gear  220  may be replaced with another feature that facilitates driving engagement of the outer cage  202  with a power source, such as through a drive shaft or a drive gear. 
         [0041]    The inner cage  204  is an annular member formed from a metal. An outer surface of the inner cage  204  is configured to facilitate driving engagement between the inner cage  204  and each of the variator ball assemblies  210 ,  212  while permitting each of the variator ball assemblies  210 ,  212  to be tilted with respect to the inner cage  204 . The inner cage is  204  is coupled to the outer cage  202 , and cooperate to drive the variator ball assemblies  210 ,  212 . 
         [0042]    The first output ring  206  is an annular member formed from a metal. The first output ring  206  comprises an engagement end  222 , a middle portion  224 , and an output end  226 . The first output ring  206  is rotatably disposed within the outer cage  202  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The first output ring  206  is unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the first output ring  206  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. 
         [0043]    The engagement end  222  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the first variator ball assemblies  210 . The engagement end  222  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion of each of the first variator ball assemblies  210  contacting the engagement end  222 , depending on a position of the first variator ball assemblies  210  or if the torque vectoring device  200  is performing a differential function. 
         [0044]    The middle portion  224  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the first output ring  206 ; however, it is understood that the middle portion  224  may have other shapes. The output end  226  is an axially extending, sleeve shaped portion of the first output ring  206 ; however, it is understood that the output end  226  may have other shapes. An inner surface of the output end  226  defines a plurality of drive splines thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the first output ring  206  and a first output shaft  228 . Alternately, it is understood that the output end  226  may be configured with other features that facilitate driving engagement with the first output shaft  228 . 
         [0045]    The second output ring  208  is an annular member formed from a metal. The second output ring  208  comprises an engagement end  230 , a middle portion  232 , and an output end  234 . The second output ring  208  is rotatably disposed within the outer cage  202  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The second output ring  208  is unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the second output ring  208  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. 
         [0046]    The engagement end  230  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the second variator ball assemblies  212 . The engagement end  230  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion of each of the second variator ball assemblies  212  contacting the engagement end  230 , depending on a position of the second variator ball assemblies  212  or if the torque vectoring device  200  is performing a differential function. 
         [0047]    The middle portion  232  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the second output ring  208 ; however, it is understood that the middle portion  232  may have other shapes. The output end  234  is an axially extending, sleeve shaped portion of the second output ring  208 ; however, it is understood that the output end  234  may have other shapes. An inner surface of the output end  234  defines a plurality of drive splines thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the second output ring  208  and a second output shaft  236 . Alternately, it is understood that the output end  234  may be configured with other features that facilitate driving engagement with the second output shaft  236 . 
         [0048]    Each of the first variator ball assemblies  210  includes at least a first variator ball  238  and a first variator axis  240 , which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface  242  of each of the first variator balls  238  is in contact with the engagement end  222  of the first output ring  206 . The first variator axis  240  is disposed through and coupled to the first variator ball  238 . The first variator axis  240  is rotatably and tiltably coupled to the outer cage  202  and the inner cage  204 . Alternately, the first variator ball  238  may be rotatably coupled to the first variator axis  240  and the first variator axis  240  may be tiltably coupled to the outer cage  202  and the inner cage  204 . The torque vectoring device  200  includes at least three of the first variator ball assemblies  210 ; however it is understood that the torque vectoring device  200  may include more than three of the first variator ball assemblies  210 . 
         [0049]    Each of the second variator ball assemblies  212  includes at least a second variator ball  244  and a second variator axis  246 , which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface  248  of each of the second variator balls  244  is in contact with the engagement end  230  of the second output ring  208 . The second variator axis  246  is disposed through and coupled to the second variator ball  244 . The second variator axis  246  is rotatably and tiltably coupled to the outer cage  202  and the inner cage  204 . Alternately, the second variator ball  244  may be rotatably coupled to the second variator axis  246  and the second variator axis  246  may be tiltably coupled to the outer cage  202  and the inner cage  204 . The torque vectoring device  200  includes at least three of the second variator ball assemblies  212 ; however it is understood that the torque vectoring device  200  may include more than three of the second variator ball assemblies  212 . 
         [0050]    The roller assembly  214  is disposed between and in contact with the variator ball assemblies  210 ,  212 . The roller assembly  214  comprises a plurality of rollers  250  rotatably disposed in a cage  252 . A quantity of the rollers  250  corresponds to a number of variator balls  238 ,  244  in either of the variator ball assemblies  210 ,  212 . Each of the rollers  250  are formed from a metal and are cylindrical in shape. The cage  252  rotatably holds the rollers  250  in an annular array. The rollers  250  are one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the outer surface  242 ,  248  of each of the variator balls  238 ,  244  of each of the variator ball assemblies  210 ,  212 . 
         [0051]    The first actuator assembly  216  disposed within the outer cage  202  adjusts a position of the plurality of first variator ball assemblies  210  between the inner cage  204  and the outer cage  202 . The plurality of first variator ball assemblies  210  are simultaneously and similarly moved by the first actuator assembly  216 . As a non-limiting example, the first actuator assembly  216  may be mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a central perforation formed in one of the first output ring  206  and the second output ring  208 . Alternately, it is understood that the first actuator assembly  216  may be hydraulically, electrically, or pneumatically actuated and that the first actuator assembly  216  may be disposed outside of the outer cage  202 . 
         [0052]    The second actuator assembly  218  disposed within the outer cage  202  adjusts a position of the plurality of second variator ball assemblies  212  between the inner cage  204  and the outer cage  202 . The plurality of second variator ball assemblies  212  are simultaneously and similarly moved by the second actuator assembly  218 . As a non-limiting example, the second actuator assembly  218  may be mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a central perforation formed in one of the first output ring  206  and the second output ring  208 . Alternately, it is understood that the second actuator assembly  218  may be hydraulically, electrically, or pneumatically actuated and that the second actuator assembly  218  may be disposed outside of the outer cage  202 . 
         [0053]    The first output ring  206  and the second output ring  208  are in frictional engagement with the outer cage  202  through the first variator ball assemblies  210  and the second variator ball assemblies  212 . The roller assembly  214  ensures the first output ring  206  and the second output ring  208  may rotate with respect to one another when the differential function is needed. 
         [0054]    To perform a torque vectoring function, the first actuator assembly  216  and the second actuator assembly  218  cause the variator axis  240  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  210  and the variator axis  246  of each of the second variator ball assemblies  212  to change by an equal amount in the same direction. Such a change of the variator axes  240 ,  246  causes a torque split between the first output ring  206  and the second output ring  208  to be adjusted. 
         [0055]    To perform a transmission function, the first actuator assembly  216  and the second actuator assembly  218  cause the variator axis  240  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  210  and the variator axis  246  of each of the second variator ball assemblies  212  to change by an equal amount in opposing directions. Such a change of the variator axes  240 ,  246  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  210  and the second variator ball assemblies  212  causes a gear ratio of the first output ring  206  and the second output ring  208  to be adjusted with respect to the outer cage  202 . 
         [0056]    The torque vectoring device  200  may also be placed in a hybrid mode, where the transmission function and the torque vectoring function are performed simultaneously. To place the torque vectoring device  200  in the hybrid mode, the first actuator assembly  216  and the second actuator assembly  218  cause the variator axes  240 ,  246  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  210  and the second variator ball assemblies  212  to change by an unequal amount in either the same direction or in opposing directions. Such a change of the variator axes  240 ,  246  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  210  and the second variator ball assemblies  212  causes a gear ratio of the first output ring  206  and the second output ring  208  to be adjusted with respect to the outer cage  202  and a torque split between the first output ring  206  and the second output ring  208  to be adjusted. 
         [0057]      FIG. 3  illustrates a torque vectoring device  300 . The torque vectoring device  300  comprises a drive member  302 , a central roller  304 , a first output ring  306 , a second output ring  308 , a first plurality of variator ball assemblies  310 , a second plurality of variator ball assemblies  312 . The drive member  302 , the central roller  304 , the first output ring  306 , and the second output ring  308  are rotatably disposed within a housing (not shown). A volume of the housing between the first output ring  306  and the second output ring  308  may be filled with one of a traction fluid and an automatic transmission fluid. Each of the variator ball assemblies  310 ,  312  is tiltably disposed on and drivingly engaged with the drive member  302 . A first actuator assembly  316  and a second actuator assembly  318  disposed adjacent the drive member  302  respectively adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball assemblies  310 ,  312 . 
         [0058]    The drive member  302  is an annular member formed from a metal. The first plurality of variator ball assemblies  310  and the second plurality of variator ball assemblies  312  are disposed on opposite side of the drive member  302 . A crown gear  320  is disposed about and coupled to an outer surface of the drive member  302 . Alternately, it is understood that the crown gear  320  may be integrally formed with the drive member  302 . A first drive surface  322  of the drive member  302  is configured to facilitate driving engagement between the drive member  302  and the first variator ball assemblies  310  while permitting the first variator ball assemblies  310  to be tilted with respect to the drive member  302 . A second drive surface  324  of the drive member  302  is configured to facilitate driving engagement between the drive member  302  and the second variator ball assemblies  312  while permitting the second variator ball assemblies  312  to be tilted with respect to the drive member  302 . Further, it is understood that the crown gear  320  may be replaced with another feature that facilitates driving engagement of the drive member  302  with a power source, such as through a drive shaft or a drive gear. 
         [0059]    The central roller  304  is an annular member formed from a metal. An outer surface of the central roller  304  is configured to contact each of the variator ball assemblies  310 ,  312  while permitting each of the variator ball assemblies  310 ,  312  to be tilted with respect to the central roller  304 . The central roller  304  is in frictional engagement with the variator ball assemblies  310 ,  312  by the drive member  302 . 
         [0060]    The first output ring  306  is an annular member formed from a metal. The first output ring  306  comprises an engagement end  326 , a middle portion  328 , and an output end  330 . The first output ring  306  is rotatably disposed within the housing and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The first output ring  306  is unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the first output ring  306  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. 
         [0061]    The engagement end  326  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the first variator ball assemblies  310 . The engagement end  326  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion of each of the first variator ball assemblies  310  contacting the engagement end  326 , depending on a position of the first variator ball assemblies  310  or if the torque vectoring device  300  is performing a differential function. 
         [0062]    The middle portion  328  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the first output ring  306 ; however, it is understood that the middle portion  328  may have other shapes. The output end  330  is an axially extending, sleeve shaped portion of the first output ring  306 ; however, it is understood that the output end  330  may have other shapes. An inner surface of the output end  330  defines a plurality of drive splines thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the first output ring  306  and a first output shaft  332 . Alternately, it is understood that the output end  330  may be configured with other features that facilitate driving engagement with the first output shaft  332 . 
         [0063]    The second output ring  308  is an annular member formed from a metal. The second output ring  308  comprises an engagement end  334 , a middle portion  336 , and an output end  338 . The second output ring  308  is rotatably disposed within the housing and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The second output ring  308  is unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the second output ring  308  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. As shown in  FIG. 3 , the second output ring  308  has a diameter less than a diameter of the first output ring  306  and the second output ring  308  contacts the variator ball assemblies  312  radially inwardly where the first output ring  306  contacts the variator ball assemblies  310 , with respect to the variator axes  344 ,  350 . 
         [0064]    The engagement end  334  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the second variator ball assemblies  312 . As shown in  FIG. 3 , the engagement end  334  of the second output ring  308  is configured to have an orientation opposite an orientation of the engagement end  326  of the first output ring  306 . The engagement end  334  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion of each of the second variator ball assemblies  312  contacting the engagement end  334 , depending on a position of the second variator ball assemblies  312  or if the torque vectoring device  300  is performing a differential function. 
         [0065]    The middle portion  336  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the second output ring  308 ; however, it is understood that the middle portion  336  may have other shapes. The output end  338  is an axially extending, sleeve shaped portion of the second output ring  308 ; however, it is understood that the output end  338  may have other shapes. An inner surface of the output end  338  defines a plurality of drive splines thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the second output ring  308  and a second output shaft  340 . Alternately, it is understood that the output end  338  may be configured with other features that facilitate driving engagement with the second output shaft  340 . 
         [0066]    Each of the first variator ball assemblies  310  includes at least a first variator ball  342  and a first variator axis  344 , which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface  346  of each of the first variator balls  342  is in contact with the engagement end  326  of the first output ring  306 . The first variator axis  344  is disposed through and coupled to the first variator ball  342 . The first variator axis  344  is rotatably and tiltably coupled to the drive member  302 , adjacent the first drive surface  322 . Alternately, the first variator ball  342  may be rotatably coupled to the first variator axis  344  and the first variator axis  344  may be tiltably coupled to the drive member  302 . The torque vectoring device  300  includes at least three of the first variator ball assemblies  310 ; however it is understood that the torque vectoring device  300  may include more than three of the first variator ball assemblies  310 . 
         [0067]    Each of the second variator ball assemblies  312  includes at least a second variator ball  348  and a second variator axis  350 , which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface  352  of each of the second variator balls  348  is in contact with the engagement end  334  of the second output ring  308 . The second variator axis  350  is disposed through and coupled to the second variator ball  348 . The second variator axis  350  is rotatably and tiltably coupled to the drive member  302 , adjacent the second drive surface  324 . Alternately, the second variator ball  348  may be rotatably coupled to the second variator axis  350  and the second variator axis  350  may be tiltably coupled to the drive member  302 . The torque vectoring device  300  includes at least three of the second variator ball assemblies  312 ; however it is understood that the torque vectoring device  300  may include more than three of the second variator ball assemblies  312 . 
         [0068]    The first actuator assembly  316  disposed within the housing adjusts a position of the plurality of first variator ball assemblies  310  with respect to the drive member  302 . The plurality of first variator ball assemblies  310  are simultaneously and similarly moved by the first actuator assembly  316 . As a non-limiting example, the first actuator assembly  316  may be mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a central perforation formed in one of the first output ring  306  and the second output ring  308 . Alternately, it is understood that the first actuator assembly  316  may be hydraulically, electrically, or pneumatically actuated. 
         [0069]    The second actuator assembly  318  disposed within the housing adjusts a position of the plurality of second variator ball assemblies  312  with respect to the drive member  302 . The plurality of second variator ball assemblies  312  are simultaneously and similarly moved by the second actuator assembly  318 . As a non-limiting example, the second actuator assembly  318  may be mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a central perforation formed in one of the first output ring  306  and the second output ring  308 . Alternately, it is understood that the second actuator assembly  318  may be hydraulically, electrically, or pneumatically actuated. 
         [0070]    The first output ring  306  and the second output ring  308  are in frictional engagement with the drive member  302  through the first variator ball assemblies  310  and the second variator ball assemblies  312 . The central roller assembly  304  ensures the first output ring  306  and the second output ring  308  may rotate with respect to one another when the differential function is needed. 
         [0071]    To perform a torque vectoring function, the first actuator assembly  316  and the second actuator assembly  318  cause the variator axis  344  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  310  and the variator axis  350  of each of the second variator ball assemblies  312  to change by an equal amount in opposing directions. Such a change of the variator axes  344 ,  350  causes a torque split between the first output ring  306  and the second output ring  308  to be adjusted. 
         [0072]    To perform a transmission function, the first actuator assembly  316  and the second actuator assembly  318  cause the variator axis  344  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  310  and the variator axis  350  of each of the second variator ball assemblies  312  to change by an equal amount in the same direction. Such a change of the variator axes  344 ,  350  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  310  and the second variator ball assemblies  312  causes a gear ratio of the first output ring  306  and the second output ring  308  to be adjusted with respect to the drive member  302 . 
         [0073]    The torque vectoring device  300  may also be placed in a hybrid mode, where the transmission function and the torque vectoring function are performed simultaneously. To place the torque vectoring device  300  in the hybrid mode, the first actuator assembly  316  and the second actuator assembly  318  cause the variator axes  344 ,  350  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  310  and the second variator ball assemblies  312  to change by an unequal amount in either the same direction or in opposing directions. Such a change of the variator axes  344 ,  350  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  310  and the second variator ball assemblies  312  causes a gear ratio of the first output ring  306  and the second output ring  308  to be adjusted with respect to the drive member  302  and a torque split between the first output ring  306  and the second output ring  308  to be adjusted. 
         [0074]      FIG. 4  illustrates a torque vectoring device  400 . The torque vectoring device  400  comprises an outer cage  402 , an inner cage  404 , a first idling ring  406 , a second idling ring  408 , a first output ring  410 , a second output ring  412 , and a plurality of variator ball assemblies  414 . The first idling ring  406 , the second idling ring  408 , the first output ring  410 , and the second output ring  412  are rotatably disposed within the outer cage  402 . A volume of the outer cage  402  between the first output ring  410  and the second output ring  412  may be filled with one of a traction fluid and an automatic transmission fluid. Each of the variator ball assemblies  414  is tiltably disposed between and drivingly engaged with the inner cage  404  and the outer cage  402 . An actuator assembly  416  disposed within the outer cage  402  adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball assemblies  414  between the inner cage  404  and the outer cage  402 . The torque vectoring device  400  is typically rotatably disposed within a housing (not shown). 
         [0075]    The outer cage  402  is a hollow member formed from a metal. The outer cage  402  comprises a plurality of components coupled together. The first idling ring  406 , the second idling ring  408 , the first output ring  410 , and the second output ring  412  are rotatably disposed within the outer cage  402 . A crown gear  418  is disposed about and coupled to an outer surface of the outer cage  402 . Alternately, it is understood that the crown gear  418  may be integrally formed with the outer cage  402 . An inner surface of the outer cage  402  is configured to facilitate driving engagement between the outer cage  402  and each of the variator ball assemblies  414  while permitting each of the variator ball assemblies  414  to be tilted with respect to the outer cage  402 . Further, it is understood that the crown gear  418  may be replaced with another feature that facilitates driving engagement of the outer cage  402  with a power source, such as through a drive shaft or a drive gear. 
         [0076]    The inner cage  404  is an annular member formed from a metal. An outer surface of the inner cage  404  is configured to facilitate driving engagement between the inner cage  404  and each of the variator ball assemblies  414  while permitting each of the variator ball assemblies  414  to be tilted with respect to the inner cage  404 . The inner cage is  404  is coupled to the outer cage  402 , and cooperate to drive the variator ball assemblies  414 . 
         [0077]    The first idling ring  406  is an annular member formed from a metal. The first idling ring  406  is rotatably disposed adjacent the inner cage  404  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. A portion of an outer surface of the first idling ring  406  is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  414 . The portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  414  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the first idling ring  406 , depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies  414  or if the torque vectoring device  400  is performing a differential function. 
         [0078]    The second idling ring  408  is an annular member formed from a metal. The second idling ring  408  is rotatably disposed adjacent the inner cage  404  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. A portion of an outer surface of the second idling ring  408  is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  414 . The portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  414  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the second idling ring  408 , depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies  414  or if the torque vectoring device  400  is performing a differential function. 
         [0079]    The first output ring  410  is an annular member formed from a metal. The first output ring  410  comprises an engagement end  420 , a middle portion  422 , and an output end  424 . The first output ring  410  is rotatably disposed within the outer cage  402  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The first output ring  410  is unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the first output ring  410  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. As shown in  FIG. 4 , a diameter of the first output ring  410  is less than a diameter of the second output ring  412 ; however, it is understood that the diameter of the second output ring  412  may be less than the diameter of the first output ring  410 . As a result of a difference in diameter between the first output ring  410  and the second output ring  412 , the first output ring  410  and the second output ring  412  respectively contact the variator ball assemblies  414  at different radial distances. 
         [0080]    The engagement end  420  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  414 . The engagement end  420  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  414  contacting the engagement end  420 , depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies  414  or if the torque vectoring device  400  is performing a differential function. 
         [0081]    The middle portion  422  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the first output ring  410 ; however, it is understood that the middle portion  422  may have other shapes. The output end  424  is an axially extending, sleeve shaped portion of the first output ring  410 ; however, it is understood that the output end  424  may have other shapes. An inner surface of the output end  424  defines a plurality of drive splines thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the first output ring  410  and a first output shaft  426 . Alternately, it is understood that the output end  424  may be configured with other features that facilitate driving engagement with the first output shaft  426 . 
         [0082]    The second output ring  412  is an annular member formed from a metal. The second output ring  412  comprises an engagement end  428 , a middle portion  430 , and an output end  432 . The second output ring  412  is rotatably disposed within the outer cage  402  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The second output ring  412  is unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the second output ring  412  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. 
         [0083]    The engagement end  428  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  414 . The engagement end  428  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  414  contacting the engagement end  428 , depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies  414  or if the torque vectoring device  400  is performing a differential function. 
         [0084]    The middle portion  430  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the second output ring  412 ; however, it is understood that the middle portion  430  may have other shapes. The output end  432  is an axially extending, sleeve shaped portion of the second output ring  412 ; however, it is understood that the output end  432  may have other shapes. An inner surface of the output end  432  defines a plurality of drive splines thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the second output ring  412  and a second output shaft  434 . Alternately, it is understood that the output end  432  may be configured with other features that facilitate driving engagement with the second output shaft  434 . 
         [0085]    Each of the variator ball assemblies  414  includes at least a variator ball  436  and a variator axis  438 , which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface  440  of each of the variator balls  436  is in contact with the engagement ends  420 ,  428  of the output rings  410 ,  412 . The variator axis  438  is disposed through and coupled to the variator ball  436 . The variator axis  438  is rotatably and tiltably coupled to the outer cage  402  and the inner cage  404 . Alternately, the variator ball  436  may be rotatably coupled to the variator axis  438  and the variator axis  438  may be tiltably coupled to the outer cage  402  and the inner cage  404 . The torque vectoring device  400  includes at least three of the variator ball assemblies  414 ; however it is understood that the torque vectoring device  400  may include more than three of the variator ball assemblies  414 . 
         [0086]    The actuator assembly  416  disposed within the outer cage  402  adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball assemblies  414  between the inner cage  404  and the outer cage  402 . The plurality of variator ball assemblies  414  are simultaneously and similarly moved by the actuator assembly  416 . As a non-limiting example, the actuator assembly  416  may be mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a central perforation formed in one of the first output ring  410  and the second output ring  412 . Alternately, it is understood that the actuator assembly  416  may be hydraulically, electrically, or pneumatically actuated and that the actuator assembly  416  may be disposed outside of the outer cage  402 . 
         [0087]    In use, the torque vectoring device  400  facilitates a transfer of torque from the outer cage  402  to the first output shaft  426  and the second output shaft  434  while facilitating the differential function between the first output shaft  426  and the second output shaft  434 . 
         [0088]    The first output ring  410  and the second output ring  412  are driven by the outer cage  402  through the frictional engagement between the engagement ends  420 ,  428  and the outer surface  440  of the variator balls  436 . When the first output ring  410  and the second output ring  412  are rotating at substantially the same speed, each of the variator balls  436  does not rotate about its corresponding variator axis  438 , and thus the outer cage  402 , the inner cage  404 , the variator ball assemblies  414 , the first output ring  410 , and the second output ring  412  rotate substantially simultaneously. 
         [0089]    As a result of a difference in diameter between the first output ring  410  and the second output ring  412 , a different amount of torque is applied to each of the first output ring  410  and the second output ring  412 . It is understood that a shape of the first output ring  410  and the second output ring  412  may be configured to distribute torque in a predetermined, unequal manner when the variator ball assemblies  414  are placed in an untilted orientation. 
         [0090]    As a non-limiting example, the torque vectoring device  400  may be employed in a four wheel drive vehicle to divide torque between a set of front wheels and a set of rear wheels. When the torque vectoring device  400  is used to divide torque between the set of front wheels and the set of rear wheels, the torque vectoring device  400  can be adapted to provide a predetermined, unequal torque ratio. Such a torque vectoring device  400  can be used when the equal division of the ratio of torque is not desired. 
         [0091]    The differential function of the torque vectoring device  400  occurs in response to different rates of rotation between the first output ring  410  and the second output ring  412 . When the first output ring  410  and the second output ring  412  rotate at different rates, the variator balls  436  rotate about the variator axis  438 , rolling against the first output ring  410  and the second output ring  412 . The differential function occurs even when the variator ball assemblies  414  are placed in a tilted position. As a non-limiting example, when an axle (not shown) drivingly engaged with the first output shaft  426  is turning at a faster rate than an axle (not shown) drivingly engaged with the second output shaft  434 , such as when a vehicle the torque vectoring device  400  is incorporated in is traversing slick terrain, each of the variator balls  436  will start rotating around the variator axis  438  and the remaining axle will adjust in speed proportionally. 
         [0092]    A rotational speed of each of the variator balls  436  is typically a low amount. When the differential function is not occurring, the first output ring  410  and the second output ring  412  turn at the same rate, and the rotational speed of each of the variator balls  436  will be substantially equal to zero. The rotational speed of the variator balls  436  will be greater than zero when the first output ring  410  and the second output ring  412  are rotating at different rates. 
         [0093]    A ratio of torque applied to the first output shaft  426  and the second output shaft  434  may be adjusted by tilting the plurality of variator ball assemblies  414  using the actuator assembly  416 . The ratio of torque is dependent on a ratio of the distances between the variator axes  438  of the variator balls  436  and a contact point of the first output ring  410  and the second output ring  412  with the outer surface  440  of the variator balls  436 . Accordingly, to adjust the ratio of torque from an equal division, the variator balls  436  are tilted on the variator axes  438  by the actuator assembly  416 . The actuator assembly  416  is typically controlled automatically by a controller (not shown) based on an input from a plurality of sensors (not shown). However, it is understood that the actuator assembly  416  may be controlled manually by an operator of the vehicle the torque vectoring device  400  is incorporated in. 
         [0094]      FIG. 5  illustrates a torque vectoring device  500 . The torque vectoring device  500  comprises a drive member  502 , an inner cage  504 , an inner idling ring  506 , an outer idling ring  508 , an inner output ring  510 , an outer output ring  512 , and a plurality of variator ball assemblies  514 . The inner idling ring  506 , the outer idling ring  506 , the inner output ring  510 , and the outer output ring  512  are rotatably disposed within a housing (not shown). A volume of the housing between the drive member  502  and the outer output ring  512  may be filled with one of a traction fluid and an automatic transmission fluid. Each of the variator ball assemblies  514  is tiltably disposed between and drivingly engaged with the inner cage  504  and the drive member  502 . An actuator assembly  516  adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball assemblies  514  between the inner cage  504  and the drive member  502 . 
         [0095]    The drive member  502  is a substantially disk-shaped member formed from a metal. The drive member  502  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together or the drive member  502  may be of unitary construction. A drive shaft  518  is integrally formed with the drive member  502 . The drive shaft  518  facilitates driving engagement of the drive member  502  with a power source. Alternately, it is understood that the drive shaft  518  may be formed separate from and coupled to the drive member  502  in any conventional manner. Further, it is understood that a drive gear may be integrally formed with or coupled to the drive member  502 . An inner surface of the drive member  502  is configured to facilitate driving engagement between the drive member  502  and each of the variator ball assemblies  514  while permitting each of the variator ball assemblies  514  to be tilted with respect to the drive member  502 . 
         [0096]    The inner cage  504  is an annular member formed from a metal. An axial facing surface of the inner cage  504  is configured to facilitate driving engagement between the inner cage  504  and each of the variator ball assemblies  514  while permitting each of the variator ball assemblies  514  to be tilted with respect to the inner cage  504 . The inner cage is  404  is coupled to the drive member  502 , and cooperate to drive the variator ball assemblies  514 . 
         [0097]    The inner idling ring  506  is an annular member formed from a metal. The inner idling ring  506  is rotatably disposed radially inwardly from the inner cage  504  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. A portion of an axially facing surface of the inner idling ring  506  is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  514 . The portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  514  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the inner idling ring  506 , depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies  514  or if the torque vectoring device  500  is performing a differential function. 
         [0098]    The outer idling ring  508  is an annular member formed from a metal. The outer idling ring  508  is rotatably disposed radially outwardly from the inner cage  504  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. A portion of an axially facing surface of the outer idling ring  508  is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  514 . The portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  514  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the outer idling ring  508 , depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies  514  or if the torque vectoring device  500  is performing a differential function. 
         [0099]    The inner output ring  510  is an annular member. The inner output ring  510  comprises an engagement end  520 , a hub portion  522 , and an output shaft  524 . The inner output ring  510  is rotatably disposed within the outer output ring  512  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The inner output ring  510  is unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the inner output ring  510  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. As shown in  FIG. 5 , a diameter of the inner output ring  510  is less than a diameter of the outer output ring  512  and the inner output ring  510  contacts the variator ball assemblies  514  radially inwardly from the outer output ring  512 , with respect to the variator axes  538 . 
         [0100]    The engagement end  520  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  514 . The engagement end  520  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  514  contacting the engagement end  520 , depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies  514  or if the torque vectoring device  500  is performing a differential function. 
         [0101]    The hub portion  522  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the inner output ring  510 ; however, it is understood that the hub portion  522  may have other shapes. The output shaft  524  is an axially extending, cylinder shaped portion of the inner output ring  510 . The output shaft  524  may be drivingly coupled to another shaft (not shown) through a joint (not shown). Alternately, a portion of the output shaft  524  may define a plurality of splines to facilitate driving engagement therewith. 
         [0102]    The outer output ring  512  is an annular member formed. The outer output ring  512  comprises an engagement end  528 , a middle portion  530 , and an output sleeve  532 . The outer output ring  512  is rotatably disposed within the housing and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The outer output ring  512  is unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the outer output ring  512  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. 
         [0103]    The engagement end  528  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  514 . The engagement end  528  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion of each of the variator ball assemblies  514  contacting the engagement end  528 , depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies  514  or if the torque vectoring device  500  is performing a differential function. 
         [0104]    The middle portion  530  is a hollow cylindrically shaped portion of the outer output ring  512 ; however, it is understood that the middle portion  530  may have other shapes. The output sleeve  532  is an axially extending, sleeve shaped portion of the outer output ring  512 ; however, it is understood that the output sleeve  532  may have other shapes. An outer surface of the output sleeve  532  may define a plurality of drive splines thereon, which facilitate driving engagement therewith. Alternately, it is understood that the output sleeve  532  may be configured with other features that facilitate driving engagement with the outer output ring  512 . 
         [0105]    Each of the variator ball assemblies  514  includes at least a variator ball  536  and a variator axis  538 , which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface  540  of each of the variator balls  536  is in contact with the engagement ends  520 ,  528  of the output rings  510 ,  512 . The variator axis  538  is disposed through and coupled to the variator ball  536 . The variator axis  538  is rotatably and tiltably coupled to the drive member  502  and the inner cage  504 . Alternately, the variator ball  536  may be rotatably coupled to the variator axis  538  and the variator axis  538  may be tiltably coupled to the drive member  502  and the inner cage  504 . The torque vectoring device  500  includes at least three of the variator ball assemblies  514 ; however it is understood that the torque vectoring device  500  may include more than three of the variator ball assemblies  514 . 
         [0106]    The actuator assembly  516  disposed within the housing adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball assemblies  514  between the inner cage  504  and the drive member  502 . The plurality of variator ball assemblies  514  are simultaneously and similarly moved by the actuator assembly  516 . As a non-limiting example, the actuator assembly  516  may be mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a central perforation formed in one of the inner output ring  510  and the drive member  502 . Alternately, it is understood that the actuator assembly  516  may be hydraulically, electrically, or pneumatically actuated and that the actuator assembly  516  may be disposed outside of the outer output ring  512 . 
         [0107]    In use, the torque vectoring device  500  facilitates a transfer of torque from the drive member  502  to the output shaft  524  and the output sleeve  532  while facilitating the differential function between the output shaft  524  and the output sleeve  532 . 
         [0108]    The inner output ring  510  and the outer output ring  512  are driven by the drive member  502  through the frictional engagement between the engagement ends  520 ,  528  and the outer surface  540  of the variator balls  536 . When the inner output ring  510  and the outer output ring  512  are rotating at substantially the same speed, each of the variator balls  536  does not rotate about its corresponding variator axis  538 , and thus the drive member  502 , the inner cage  504 , the variator ball assemblies  514 , the inner output ring  510 , and the outer output ring  512  rotate substantially simultaneously. 
         [0109]    The differential function of the torque vectoring device  500  occurs in response to different rates of rotation between the inner output ring  510  and the outer output ring  512 . When the inner output ring  510  and the outer output ring  512  rotate at different rates, the variator balls  536  rotate about the variator axis  538 , rolling against the inner output ring  510  and the outer output ring  512 . The differential function occurs even when the variator ball assemblies  514  are placed in a tilted position. As a non-limiting example, when an axle (not shown) drivingly engaged with the output shaft  524  is turning at a faster rate than an axle (not shown) drivingly engaged with the output sleeve  532 , such as when a vehicle the torque vectoring device  500  is incorporated in is traversing slick terrain, each of the variator balls  536  will start rotating around the variator axis  538  and the remaining axle will adjust in speed proportionally. 
         [0110]    A rotational speed of each of the variator balls  536  is typically a low amount. When the differential function is not occurring, the inner output ring  510  and the outer output ring  512  turn at the same rate, and the rotational speed of each of the variator balls  536  will be substantially equal to zero. The rotational speed of the variator balls  536  will be greater than zero when the inner output ring  510  and the outer output ring  512  are rotating at different rates. 
         [0111]    A ratio of torque applied to the output shaft  526  and the output sleeve  532  may be adjusted by tilting the plurality of variator ball assemblies  514  using the actuator assembly  516 . The ratio of torque is dependent on a ratio of the distances between the variator axes  538  of the variator balls  536  and a contact point of the inner output ring  510  and the outer output ring  512  with the outer surface  540  of the variator balls  536 . Accordingly, to adjust the ratio of torque from an equal division, the variator balls  536  are tilted on the variator axes  538  by the actuator assembly  516 . The actuator assembly  516  is typically controlled automatically by a controller (not shown) based on an input from a plurality of sensors (not shown). However, it is understood that the actuator assembly  516  may be controlled manually by an operator of the vehicle the torque vectoring device  500  is incorporated in. 
         [0112]      FIG. 6  illustrates a torque vectoring device  600 . The torque vectoring device  600  comprises a drive member  602 , an inner cage  604 , a first output ring  606 , a first input ring  607 , a second output ring  608 , a second input ring  609 , a first plurality of variator ball assemblies  610 , a second plurality of variator ball assemblies  612 , and a roller assembly  614 . The first output ring  606 , the first input ring  607 , the second output ring  608 , the second input ring  609 , and the roller assembly  614  are rotatably disposed within a housing  615 . The inner cage  604 , the first plurality of variator ball assemblies  610  and the second plurality of variator ball assemblies  612  are non-rotatably disposed within the housing  615 . A volume between the first output ring  606  and the second output ring  608  may be filled with one of a traction fluid and an automatic transmission fluid. Each of the variator ball assemblies  610 ,  612  is tiltably disposed between the inner cage  604  and the housing  615 . A first actuator assembly  616  and a second actuator assembly  618  disposed within the housing  615  respectively adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball assemblies  610 ,  612 , between the inner cage  604  and the housing  615 . 
         [0113]    The drive member  602  is an annular member formed from a metal. The drive member  602  is unitary in construction; however, it is understood that the drive member  602  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together. The roller assembly  614  is disposed within and drivingly engaged with the drive member  602 . A crown gear  620  is disposed about and coupled to an outer surface of the drive member  602 . Alternately, it is understood that the crown gear  620  may be integrally formed with the drive member  602 . An inner surface of the drive member  602  is configured to facilitate driving engagement between the drive member  602  and the roller assembly  614 . Further, it is understood that the crown gear  620  may be replaced with another feature that facilitates driving engagement of the drive member  602  with a power source, such as through a drive shaft or a drive gear. 
         [0114]    The inner cage  604  is an annular member formed from a metal. An outer surface of the inner cage  604  is configured to be coupled to each of the variator ball assemblies  610 ,  612  while permitting each of the variator ball assemblies  610 ,  612  to be tilted with respect to the inner cage  604 . The inner cage  604  is restrained from rotating within the housing  615 , as the inner cage  606  is coupled to the housing  615 , and cooperate to hold the variator ball assemblies  610 ,  612 . 
         [0115]    The first output ring  606  is an annular member formed from a metal. The first output ring  606  comprises an engagement end  622 , a middle portion  624 , and an output end  626 . The first output ring  606  is rotatably disposed within the housing  615  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The first output ring  606  is unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the first output ring  606  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. 
         [0116]    The engagement end  622  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the first variator ball assemblies  610 . The engagement end  622  is in rolling contact with the portion of each of the first variator ball assemblies  610  contacting the engagement end  622 . 
         [0117]    The middle portion  624  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the first output ring  606 ; however, it is understood that the middle portion  624  may have other shapes. The output end  626  is an axially extending, sleeve shaped portion of the first output ring  606 ; however, it is understood that the output end  626  may have other shapes. An inner surface of the output end  626  defines a plurality of drive splines thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the first output ring  606  and a first output shaft  628 . Alternately, it is understood that the output end  626  may be configured with other features that facilitate driving engagement with the first output shaft  628 . 
         [0118]    The first input ring  607  is an annular member formed from a metal. The first input ring  607  comprises an engagement end  630  and a drive end  632 . The first input ring  607  is rotatably disposed within the housing  615  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The first input ring  607  is unitarily formed, however, it is understood that the first input ring  607  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. 
         [0119]    The engagement end  630  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the first variator ball assemblies  610 . The engagement end  630  is in rolling contact with the portion of each of the first variator ball assemblies  610  contacting the engagement end  630 . 
         [0120]    The drive end  632  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the first input ring  607 ; however, it is understood that the drive end  632  may have other shapes. The drive end  632  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with a portion of the roller assembly contacting the drive end  632 , depending on if the torque vectoring device  600  is performing a differential function. 
         [0121]    The second output ring  608  is an annular member formed from a metal. The second output ring  608  comprises an engagement end  634 , a middle portion  636 , and an output end  638 . The second output ring  608  is rotatably disposed within the housing  615  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The second output ring  608  is unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the second output ring  608  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. 
         [0122]    The engagement end  634  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the second variator ball assemblies  612 . The engagement end  634  is in rolling contact with the portion of each of the second variator ball assemblies  612  contacting the engagement end  634 . 
         [0123]    The middle portion  636  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the second output ring  608 ; however, it is understood that the middle portion  636  may have other shapes. The output end  638  is an axially extending, sleeve shaped portion of the second output ring  608 ; however, it is understood that the output end  638  may have other shapes. An inner surface of the output end  638  defines a plurality of drive splines thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the second output ring  608  and a second output shaft  640 . Alternately, it is understood that the output end  638  may be configured with other features that facilitate driving engagement with the second output shaft  640 . 
         [0124]    The second input ring  609  is an annular member formed from a metal. The second input ring  609  comprises an engagement end  642  and a drive end  644 . The second input ring  609  is rotatably disposed within the housing  615  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The second input ring  609  is unitarily formed, however, it is understood that the second input ring  609  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. 
         [0125]    The engagement end  642  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the second variator ball assemblies  612 . The engagement end  642  is in rolling contact with the portion of each of the second variator ball assemblies  612  contacting the engagement end  642 . 
         [0126]    The drive end  644  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the second input ring  609 ; however, it is understood that the drive end  644  may have other shapes. The drive end  644  is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with a portion of the roller assembly contacting the drive end  644 , depending on if the torque vectoring device  600  is performing a differential function. 
         [0127]    Each of the first variator ball assemblies  610  includes at least a first variator ball  646  and a first variator axis  648 , which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface  650  of each of the first variator balls  646  is in contact with the engagement end  622  of the first output ring  606  and the engagement end  630  of the first input ring  607 . The first variator axis  648  is disposed through and coupled to the first variator ball  646 . The first variator axis  648  is rotatably and tiltably coupled to the housing  615  and the inner cage  604 . Alternately, the first variator ball  646  may be rotatably coupled to the first variator axis  648  and the first variator axis  648  may be tiltably coupled to the housing  615  and the inner cage  604 . The torque vectoring device  600  includes at least three of the first variator ball assemblies  610 ; however it is understood that the torque vectoring device  600  may include more than three of the first variator ball assemblies  610 . 
         [0128]    Each of the second variator ball assemblies  612  includes at least a second variator ball  652  and a second variator axis  654 , which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface  656  of each of the second variator balls  652  is in contact with the engagement end  630  of the second output ring  608  and the engagement end  642  of the second input ring  609 . The second variator axis  654  is disposed through and coupled to the second variator ball  652 . The second variator axis  654  is rotatably and tiltably coupled to the housing  615  and the inner cage  604 . Alternately, the second variator ball  652  may be rotatably coupled to the second variator axis  654  and the second variator axis  654  may be tiltably coupled to the housing  615  and the inner cage  604 . The torque vectoring device  600  includes at least three of the second variator ball assemblies  612 ; however it is understood that the torque vectoring device  600  may include more than three of the second variator ball assemblies  612 . 
         [0129]    The roller assembly  614  is disposed between and in contact with the input rings  607 ,  609 . The roller assembly  614  comprises a plurality of rollers  658  rotatably disposed on and drivingly engaged with an axis  660 . Each of the rollers  650  are formed from a metal and are cylindrical in shape. The drive member  602  rotatably holds and drives the axes  660  in an annular array. The rollers  658  are one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the drive ends  632 ,  644  of each of the input rings  607 ,  609 . 
         [0130]    The first actuator assembly  616  disposed within the housing  615  adjusts a position of the plurality of the first variator ball assemblies  610  between the inner cage  604  and the housing  615 . The plurality of first variator ball assemblies  610  are simultaneously and similarly moved by the first actuator assembly  616 . As a non-limiting example, the first actuator assembly  616  may be mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a central perforation formed in at least one of the first output ring  606 , the first input ring  607 , the second output ring  608 , and the second input ring  609 . Alternately, it is understood that the first actuator assembly  616  may be hydraulically, electrically, or pneumatically actuated. 
         [0131]    The second actuator assembly  618  disposed within the housing  615  adjusts a position of the plurality of second variator ball assemblies  612  between the inner cage  604  and the housing  615 . The plurality of second variator ball assemblies  612  are simultaneously and similarly moved by the second actuator assembly  618 . As a non-limiting example, the second actuator assembly  618  may be mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a central perforation formed in at least one of the first output ring  606 , the first input ring  607 , the second output ring  608 , and the second input ring  609 . Alternately, it is understood that the second actuator assembly  618  may be hydraulically, electrically, or pneumatically actuated. 
         [0132]    The first output ring  606  and the second output ring  608  are in driving engagement with the drive member  602  through the roller assembly  614 , the first input ring  607 , the second input ring  609 , the first variator ball assemblies  610 , and the second variator ball assemblies  612 . The roller assembly  614  disposed between the first input ring  607  and the second input ring  609  frictionally drives the first input ring  607  and the second input ring  609 , which drive the first variator ball assemblies  610  and the second variator ball assemblies  612 . The roller assembly  614  ensures the first input ring  607  and the second input ring  609  may rotate with respect to one another when the differential function is needed. 
         [0133]    To perform a torque vectoring function, the first actuator assembly  616  and the second actuator assembly  618  cause the variator axes  648 ,  654  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  610  and the second variator ball assemblies  612  to change by a predetermined or a calculated amount in the same direction. Such a change of the variator axes  648 ,  654  causes a torque split between the first output ring  606  and the second output ring  608  to be adjusted. 
         [0134]    To perform a transmission function, the first actuator assembly  616  and the second actuator assembly  618  cause the variator axes  648 ,  654  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  610  and the second variator ball assemblies  612  to change by an equal amount in opposing directions. Such a change of the variator axes  648 ,  654  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  610  and the second variator ball assemblies  612  causes a gear ratio of the first output ring  606  and the second output ring  608  to be adjusted with respect to the drive member  602 . 
         [0135]    The torque vectoring device  600  may also be placed in a hybrid mode, where the transmission function and the torque vectoring function are performed simultaneously. To place the torque vectoring device  600  in the hybrid mode, the first actuator assembly  616  and the second actuator assembly  618  cause the variator axes  648 ,  654  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  610  and the second variator ball assemblies  612  to change by an unequal amount in either the same direction or in opposing directions. Such a change of the variator axes  648 ,  654  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  610  and the second variator ball assemblies  612  causes a gear ratio of the first output ring  606  and the second output ring  608  to be adjusted with respect to the drive member  602  and a torque split between the first output ring  606  and the second output ring  608  to be adjusted. 
         [0136]    The torque vectoring device  600  may also be placed in a hybrid mode, where the transmission function and the torque vectoring function are performed simultaneously. To place the torque vectoring device  600  in the hybrid mode, the first actuator assembly  616  and the second actuator assembly  618  cause the variator axes  648 ,  654  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  610  and the second variator ball assemblies  612  to change by an unequal amount in either the same direction or in opposing directions. Such a change of the variator axes  648 ,  654  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  610  and the second variator ball assemblies  612  causes a gear ratio of the first output ring  606  and the second output ring  608  to be adjusted with respect to the drive member  602  and a torque split between the first output ring  606  and the second output ring  608  to be adjusted. 
         [0137]      FIG. 7  illustrates a torque vectoring device  700 . The torque vectoring device  700  comprises a drive member  702 , a first inner cage  704 , a second inner cage  705 , a first output ring  706 , a first input member  707 , a second output ring  708 , a second input member  709 , a first plurality of variator ball assemblies  710 , a second plurality of variator ball assemblies  712 , and a plurality of drive pinions  714 . The first output ring  706 , the first input member  707 , the second output ring  708 , and the second input member  709  are rotatably disposed within a housing  715 . The first inner cage  704 , the second inner cage  705 , the first plurality of variator ball assemblies  710 , and the second plurality of variator ball assemblies  712  are non-rotatably disposed within the housing  715 . A volume between the first output ring  706  and the second output ring  708  may be filled with one of a traction fluid and an automatic transmission fluid. Each of the variator ball assemblies  710 ,  712  is respectively tiltably disposed between the inner cages  704 ,  705  and the housing  715 . A first actuator assembly  716  and a second actuator assembly  718  disposed within the housing  715  respectively adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball assemblies  710 ,  712 , between the inner cages  704 ,  705  and the housing  715 . 
         [0138]    The drive member  702  is an annular member formed from a metal. The drive member  702  is unitary in construction; however, it is understood that the drive member  702  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together. The plurality of drive pinions  714  are rotatably disposed within apertures  719  formed in an inner surface of the drive member  702 . The plurality of drive pinions  714  facilitates driving engagement between the drive member  702  and the input members  707 ,  709 . A crown gear  720  is disposed about and coupled to an outer surface of the drive member  702 . Alternately, it is understood that the crown gear  720  may be integrally formed with the drive member  702 . Further, it is understood that the crown gear  720  may be replaced with another feature that facilitates driving engagement of the drive member  702  with a power source, such as through a drive shaft or a drive gear. 
         [0139]    The first inner cage  704  is an annular member formed from a metal. An outer surface of the first inner cage  704  is configured to be coupled to each of the first variator ball assemblies  710  while permitting each of the first variator ball assemblies  710  to be tilted with respect to the first inner cage  704 . The first inner cage  704  is restrained from rotating within the housing  715 , as the first inner cage  704  is coupled to the housing  715 , and cooperate to hold the variator ball assemblies  710 . 
         [0140]    The second inner cage  705  is an annular member formed from a metal. An outer surface of the second inner cage  705  is configured to be coupled to each of the second variator ball assemblies  712  while permitting each of the second variator ball assemblies  712  to be tilted with respect to the second inner cage  705 . The second inner cage  705  is restrained from rotating within the housing  715 , as the second inner cage  705  is coupled to the housing  715 , and cooperate to hold the variator ball assemblies  712 . 
         [0141]    The first output ring  706  is an annular member formed from a metal. The first output ring  706  comprises an engagement end  722 , a middle portion  724 , and an output end  726 . The first output ring  706  is rotatably disposed within the housing  715  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The first output ring  706  is unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the first output ring  706  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. 
         [0142]    The engagement end  722  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the first variator ball assemblies  710 . The engagement end  722  is in rolling contact with the portion of each of the first variator ball assemblies  710  contacting the engagement end  722 . 
         [0143]    The middle portion  724  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the first output ring  706 ; however, it is understood that the middle portion  724  may have other shapes. The output end  726  is an axially extending, sleeve shaped portion of the first output ring  706 ; however, it is understood that the output end  726  may have other shapes. An inner surface of the output end  726  defines a plurality of drive splines thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the first output ring  706  and a first output shaft  728 . Alternately, it is understood that the output end  726  may be configured with other features that facilitate driving engagement with the first output shaft  728 . 
         [0144]    The first input member  707  is an annular member formed from a metal. The first input member  707  comprises an engagement end  730  and a geared portion  732 . The first input member  707  is rotatably disposed within the housing  715  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The first input member  707  comprises a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner; however, it is understood that the first input member  707  may be unitary in construction. 
         [0145]    The engagement end  730  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the first variator ball assemblies  710 . The engagement end  730  is in rolling contact with the portion of each of the first variator ball assemblies  710  contacting the engagement end  730 . 
         [0146]    The geared portion  732  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the first input member  707 ; however, it is understood that the geared portion  732  may have other shapes. The geared portion  732  forms a bevel gear, which is in driving engagement with the drive member  702  through the plurality of drive pinions  714 . 
         [0147]    The second output ring  708  is an annular member formed from a metal. The second output ring  708  comprises an engagement end  734 , a middle portion  736 , and an output end  738 . The second output ring  708  is rotatably disposed within the housing  715  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The second output ring  708  is unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the second output ring  708  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. 
         [0148]    The engagement end  734  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the second variator ball assemblies  712 . The engagement end  734  is in rolling contact with the portion of each of the second variator ball assemblies  712  contacting the engagement end  734 . 
         [0149]    The middle portion  736  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the second output ring  708 ; however, it is understood that the middle portion  736  may have other shapes. The output end  738  is an axially extending, sleeve shaped portion of the second output ring  708 ; however, it is understood that the output end  738  may have other shapes. An inner surface of the output end  738  defines a plurality of drive splines thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the second output ring  708  and a second output shaft  740 . Alternately, it is understood that the output end  738  may be configured with other features that facilitate driving engagement with the second output shaft  740 . 
         [0150]    The second input member  609  is an annular member formed from a metal. The second input member  609  comprises an engagement end  642  and a drive end  644 . The second input member  609  is rotatably disposed within the housing  615  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The second input member  609  is unitarily formed, however, it is understood that the second output ring  609  may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner. 
         [0151]    The second input member  709  is an annular member formed from a metal. The second input member  709  comprises an engagement end  742  and a geared portion  744 . The second input member  709  is rotatably disposed within the housing  715  and is free to rotate with respect thereto. The second input member  709  comprises a plurality of components coupled together in any conventional manner; however, it is understood that the second input member  709  may be unitary in construction. 
         [0152]    The engagement end  742  defines an annular, conical surface that is configured to contact a portion of each of the second variator ball assemblies  712 . The engagement end  742  is in rolling contact with the portion of each of the second variator ball assemblies  712  contacting the engagement end  742 . 
         [0153]    The geared portion  744  is a radially extending, substantially disk shaped portion of the second input member  709 ; however, it is understood that the geared portion  744  may have other shapes. The geared portion  744  forms a bevel gear, which is in driving engagement with the drive member  702  through the plurality of drive pinions  714 . 
         [0154]    Each of the first variator ball assemblies  710  includes at least a first variator ball  746  and a first variator axis  748 , which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface  750  of each of the first variator balls  746  is in contact with the engagement end  722  of the first output ring  706  and the engagement end  730  of the first input member  707 . The first variator axis  748  is disposed through and coupled to the first variator ball  746 . The first variator axis  748  is rotatably and tiltably coupled to the housing  715  and the first inner cage  704 . Alternately, the first variator ball  746  may be rotatably coupled to the first variator axis  748  and the first variator axis  748  may be tiltably coupled to the housing  715  and the first inner cage  704 . The torque vectoring device  700  includes at least three of the first variator ball assemblies  710 ; however it is understood that the torque vectoring device  700  may include more than three of the first variator ball assemblies  710 . 
         [0155]    Each of the second variator ball assemblies  712  includes at least a second variator ball  752  and a second variator axis  754 , which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface  756  of each of the second variator balls  752  is in contact with the engagement end  730  of the second output ring  708  and the engagement end  742  of the second input member  709 . The second variator axis  754  is disposed through and coupled to the second variator ball  752 . The second variator axis  754  is rotatably and tiltably coupled to the housing  715  and the second inner cage  705 . Alternately, the second variator ball  752  may be rotatably coupled to the second variator axis  754  and the second variator axis  754  may be tiltably coupled to the housing  715  and the second inner cage  705 . The torque vectoring device  700  includes at least three of the second variator ball assemblies  712 ; however it is understood that the torque vectoring device  700  may include more than three of the second variator ball assemblies  712 . 
         [0156]    The plurality of drive pinions  714  is rotatably disposed within the apertures  719  formed in the inner surface of the drive member  702 . The plurality of drive pinions  714  facilitates driving engagement between the drive member  702  and the input members  707 ,  709 . Each of the drive pinion are gears formed from a metal. The drive member  702  rotatably holds and drives the drive pinions  714  in an annular array. The plurality of drive pinions  714  are in driving engagement with the geared portions  732 ,  744  of each of the input members  707 ,  709 . 
         [0157]    The first actuator assembly  716  disposed within the housing  715  adjusts a position of the plurality of the first variator ball assemblies  710  between the first inner cage  704  and the housing  715 . The plurality of first variator ball assemblies  710  are simultaneously and similarly moved by the first actuator assembly  716 . As a non-limiting example, the first actuator assembly  716  may be mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a central perforation formed in at least one of the first output ring  706 , the first input member  707 , the second output ring  708 , and the second input member  709 . Alternately, it is understood that the first actuator assembly  716  may be hydraulically, electrically, or pneumatically actuated. 
         [0158]    The second actuator assembly  718  disposed within the housing  715  adjusts a position of the plurality of second variator ball assemblies  712  between the second inner cage  704  and the housing  715 . The plurality of second variator ball assemblies  712  are simultaneously and similarly moved by the second actuator assembly  718 . As a non-limiting example, the second actuator assembly  718  may be mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a central perforation formed in at least one of the first output ring  706 , the first input member  707 , the second output ring  708 , and the second input member  709 . Alternately, it is understood that the second actuator assembly  718  may be hydraulically, electrically, or pneumatically actuated. 
         [0159]    The first output ring  706  and the second output ring  708  are in driving engagement with the drive member  702  through the plurality of drive pinions  714 , the first input member  707 , the second input member  709 , the first variator ball assemblies  710 , and the second variator ball assemblies  712 . The plurality of drive pinions  714  drives the first input member  707  and the second input member  709 , which drive the first variator ball assemblies  710  and the second variator ball assemblies  712 . The plurality of drive pinions  714  ensures the first input member  707  and the second input member  709  may rotate with respect to one another when the differential function is needed. 
         [0160]    To perform a torque vectoring function, the first actuator assembly  716  and the second actuator assembly  718  cause the variator axes  748 ,  754  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  710  and the second variator ball assemblies  712  to change by a predetermined or a calculated amount in the same direction. Such a change of the variator axes  748 ,  754  causes a torque split between the first output ring  706  and the second output ring  708  to be adjusted. 
         [0161]    To perform a transmission function, the first actuator assembly  716  and the second actuator assembly  718  cause the variator axes  748 ,  754  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  710  and the second variator ball assemblies  712  to change by an equal amount in opposing directions. Such a change of the variator axes  748 ,  754  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  710  and the second variator ball assemblies  712  causes a gear ratio of the first output ring  706  and the second output ring  708  to be adjusted with respect to the drive member  702 . 
         [0162]    The torque vectoring device  700  may also be placed in a hybrid mode, where the transmission function and the torque vectoring function are performed simultaneously. To place the torque vectoring device  700  in the hybrid mode, the first actuator assembly  716  and the second actuator assembly  718  cause the variator axes  748 ,  754  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  710  and the second variator ball assemblies  712  to change by an unequal amount in either the same direction or in opposing directions. Such a change of the variator axes  748 ,  754  of each of the first variator ball assemblies  710  and the second variator ball assemblies  712  causes a gear ratio of the first output ring  706  and the second output ring  708  to be adjusted with respect to the drive member  702  and a torque split between the first output ring  706  and the second output ring  708  to be adjusted. 
         [0163]    In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, the present invention has been described in what is considered to represent its preferred embodiments. However, it should be noted that the invention can be practiced otherwise than as specifically illustrated and described without departing from its spirit or scope.