Abstract:
The invention relates to penicillin derivatives of Formula I, and a method of synthesis; the derivatives having high antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. ##STR1## R is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## R 1  is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a hydroxyl group; 
     R 2  is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkaline metal, and a carboxy protective group; 
     R 3  is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a lower alkyl, and a phenyl residue; 
     R 4 , R 5 , and R 6  are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a halogen, a lower alkyd, and a lower alkoxy group; 
     A is selected from the group consisting of oxygen and a N-(lower alkyl) residue; and 
     n is 0 or 1.

Description:
This invention relates to penicillin derivatives and a method for their preparation. The present derivatives exhibit pharmacologic activity against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Natural penicillin is a well-known antibiotic isolated from the mold Penicillium luteum purpurogenum. Many penicillins are now known, each with a different R group in the formula: ##STR3## Perhaps the most widely known penicillin is benzylpenicillin (or penicillin G), in which the R group is: ##STR4## 
     Other known derivatives include the ampicillins, in which the amino group is acylated by isocumarine-3-carboxylic acids, Bulgarian Inventors Certificate 34 532, and/or (2H)phthalazinone-4-carboxylic acids, Japan Pat. No. 7,873,593. These derivatives are active against Ps. aeruginosa. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention provides penicillin derivatives of Formula I, and a synthetic method; the derivatives having high antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. ##STR5## R is selected from the group consisting of ##STR6## R 1  is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a hydroxyl group; 
     R 2  is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkaline metal, and a carboxy protective group; 
     R 3  is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a lower alkyl, a lower alkoxycarbonyl, and a phenyl residue; 
     R 4 , R 5 , and R 6  are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a halogen, a lower alkyd, and a lower alkoxy group; 
     A is selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and a N-(lower alkyl) residue; and 
     n is 0 or 1. 
     The compounds of Formula I are synthesized by acylation of the amino group of a penamic precursor of Formula II, below, using an acylating agent of the Formula III R--CO--Z, wherein R is as defined in Formula I, and Z is a halogen atom or (--O--CO--Alk) and &#34;Alk&#34; is a methyl, ethyl, or tert-butyl group. ##STR7## R 1  is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and a hydroxyl group; 
     n is 0 or 1; 
     X is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and a trialkylsilylic group; and 
     Y is selected from the group consisting of a metal, ammonium, and trialkylsilylic group. 
     Acylating agents of Formula III are prepared from 4-methyl-3-carboxycoumarine-7,8-dimethoxy-3-carboxyisocumarine, according to West German Pat. No. 2,448,387; from 4-methoxycarbonyl-3-carboxyisocumarine, according to S. Spassov, I. Atanassova, M. Haimova, Org. Magn. Resonance Vol. 22, 194 (1984); from 4-carboxyisocumarine, according to V. H. Belgaonkar, R. N. Usgaonkar, Chem. Ind., p. 954 (London, 1976); from 2-methyl-4-carboxy-1(2H)-isoquinolinone according to V. H. Belgaonkar, R. N. Usgaonkar, Tetrahedron Letters, Vol. 44, p. 3849 (1974); and from 2-methyl-4-carboxy-1(2H)-phthalazinone according to A. N. Kost, S. Foldeak, K. Grabljauskas, Khim. Farm. Zhurnal, 1, (3), 43 (1967). 
     The acylation step can be carried out according to methods previously applied to the chemistry of beta-lactamic antibiotics. G. A. Weinberg, L. N. Petruljanis, E. J. Lukevitz, Khim. geteroziklitchnih soedinenij, No. 2, p. 147 (1982). The acylic derivatives of Formula III are condensed with the penamic derivatives of Formula II at -20° to +20° C., in a nonaqueous or an aqueous-organic media in the presence of weak organic or inorganic bases, such as sodium bicarbonate, N,N-dimethylaniline, triethylamine, and pyridine. These bases act as hydrogen chloride binders. 
     In an aqueous-organic medium acceptable solvents include acetone, tetrahydrofuran, dioxan, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide; and dimethylsulphoxide. Nonaqueous acylation is preferably performed in organic solvents that are non-miscible with water. These include chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as chloroform and methylenechloride. 
     When acylation is done in a nonaqueous medium, 6-aminopenicillanic acid and its alpha-aminoderivatives are introduced to the reaction in the form of N,O-bistrialkylsilylic derivatives. 
     Silylation is performed in nonaqueous organic solvents, using a silylating agent preferably chosen from the group consisting of trialkylchlorsilanes, hexamethyldisilazane, N,O-bistrimethylsilyacetamide, N,N-bistrimethylsilylcarbamide, and a combination of hexamethyldisilazane and trimethylchlorsilane. 
     The end-products of Formula I are isolated as metal salts by extraction from the organic solvent by a solution of sodium bicarbonate and by lyophilization or by precipitation in a suitable organic solvent such as sodium acetate or a sodium salt of diethylcapronic acid. 
     The compounds of Formula I can be identified and classified by their characteristic infrared and  1  H-NMR spectroscopy profiles, their mass-spectra, and by elemental analysis. The compounds have demonstrated in vitro activity against pathogenic microorganisms, including Staph. aureus, E. coli, Ps. aeruginosa, and P. vugaris, as shown in the following table. 
     
         __________________________________________________________________________STRAIN MINIMAL INHIBITING CONCENTRATION(mkg/ml)__________________________________________________________________________                            Ps. aeruginosa                                         P. rettgeriCOMPOUND                         2 14 184 185 158 159__________________________________________________________________________ ##STR8##                        --                              1.5                                 12.5                                     12.5                                         12.5                                             3.1 ##STR9##                        5 6.25                                 12.5                                     12.5                                         12.5                                             3-1AZLOCILLIN                       5 12.5                                 25  25  25  12.5CARBENICILLIN                    5 25 100 100 6.25                                             6.25__________________________________________________________________________                                            Staph.                            Providencia                                  P. mirabilis                                        E. coli                                            aureusCOMPOUND                         13 15 171   II-0125                                            31__________________________________________________________________________ ##STR10##                       1.5                               12.5                                  2.5   1.25                                            0.62 ##STR11##                       1.5                               12.5                                  2.5   5.0 0.62AZLOCILLIN                       50 12.5                                  10    10  0.62CARBENICILLIN                    25 3.1                                  0.62  2.5 0.62__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The invention is further described with reference to a number of examples. It will be understood by those in the art that these are preferred embodiments, presented for illustrative purposes only, without serving to limit the scope of the disclosure as a whole or the appended claims. 
    
    
     EXAMPLE 1 
     Sodium salt of 6-(4&#39;-methyl-isocumarine-3&#39;-carboxamide-2,2-dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid, ##STR12## 
     One mmole (216 mg) of 6-aminopenicillanic acid, 1.1 mmole (0.23 ml) hexamethyldisilazane, and 15.0 ml of methylene chloride are boiled to form a complete solution, followed by cooling to -5° C. One mmole (0.14 ml) of triethylamine is added, followed by portions of solid acid chloride prepared from 1 mmole (204 mg) 4-methyl-isocumarine-3-carboxylic acid and 3.0 ml thionylchloride. Cooling is discontinued and the reaction mixture is stirred for one hour at room temperature. The solvent is removed in a vacuum at 40° C. Next, 10 ml of ethylacetate are added to the residue and the mixture is again cooled to -5° C. Water (2 ml) is added, and the solution is acidified to pH=2 with concentrated hydrochloric acid. The organic sodium sulphate layer is separated and dried, and an equivalent quantity of a saturated alcoholic solution of sodium acetate is added. The two layers are separated and after drying (sodium sulphate) to the organic layer equivalent quantity of saturated alcohol solution of sodium acetate is added. The sodium salt precipitate is filtered and washed with acetone. 
     The yield is 290 mg (68%) of the compound of the example, having a melting point of 178°-181° C. (with decomposition). 
     The IR spectrum (nujol, cm -1 ) is: 1600 (COO - ); 1650 (CO, amide); 1730 (CO, lactone) with inflex at 1780 (CO, beta-lactam) and 3400 (NH). 
     EXAMPLES 2-7 
     These exemplary compounds were synthesized from 216 mg of aminopenicillanic acid according to the method of Example 1, with the results as set forth in TABLE 1. 
     EXAMPLES 8-17 
     These exemplary compounds were synthesized from 1 mmole (349 mg) of ampicillin according to the method of Example 1, with the results as set forth in TABLE 2. 
     
                                           TABLE 1__________________________________________________________________________Example                                    M.P. IR-SpectrumNr.  Compound                         Yield %                                      °C.(dec.)                                           (nujol,cm.sup.-1)__________________________________________________________________________2    Sodium salt of 6-(7&#39;,8&#39;-dimetoxy-isocumarine-3&#39;-carboxamide)2,2-                                 64   212-214                                           1560(COO.sup.-),1690(CO,dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid           amide),1770-broad ##STR13##                                 (CO,lacton,CO,beta-lactam)                                           , 3300 (NH)3    Sodium salt of 6-(4&#39;-metoxycarbonyl-3&#39;carboxamide)-2,2-                                 61   176-178                                           1580(COO.sup.-),1650(CO,dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid           amide),1700(CO,ester), ##STR14##                                 1760 broad with inflex                                           1780(CO,lactone,CO,beta-la                                           ctam), 3400 (NH)4    Sodium salt of 6-(isocumarine-4&#39;-carboxamide)-2,2-                                 59   195-199                                           1590(COO.sup.-),1660(CO,dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid           amide),1720(CO,lactone) ##STR15##                                 1780(CO,beta-lactam),                                           3400 (NH)5    Sodium salt of 6-(3&#39;-methyl-isocumarine-4&#39;-carboxamide)-2,2-                                 65   220-222                                           1580(COO.sup.-,1660-broad                                           1dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid           (CO,amide),1750-broad ##STR16##                                 (CO,lactone,CO,beta-lactam                                           , 3400 (NH)6    Sodium salt of 6-/2&#39;-methyl-1&#39;(2H)isoquinolinone-4&#39;-carboxamide/-2,2-                                 61   218-220                                           1600(COO.sup.-),1660(CO,dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid           amide),1780(CO,beta-lactam                                           ), ##STR17##                                 3400 (NH)7    Sodium salt of 6-[2&#39;-methyl-1&#39;(2&#39;H)phtalazinone-4&#39;-carboxamide]-2,2-                                 64   205-210                                           1600(COO.sup.-),1640 anddimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid           1660(CO,amide),1780 ##STR18##                                 (CO,beta-lactam), 3400                                           (NH)__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     
                                           TABLE 2__________________________________________________________________________Ex.am-ple                                     Yield                                       M.P. °C.                                            IR-SpectrumNr.   Compound                             %   (dec.)                                            (Nujol,__________________________________________________________________________                                            cm.sup.-1) 8 Sodium salt of 6-[N(4&#39;-methyl)-      58  134-138                                            1600(COO.sup.-),                                            1660(CO,   isocumarine-3&#39; -carbonyl)-                    amide), 1730(CO,                                            lactone),   2R2-aminophenylacetamide]-                    1780(CO, beta-lactam),   2,2-dimethyl-penam-3-car-                     3300 (NH);   boxylic acid                                  iodometric activity                                            1023,96    ##STR19##                                    U/mg (quantitative                                            content- 96,1%) 9 Sodium salt of 6-[N(7&#39;,8&#39;-di         60  228-230                                            1570(COO.sup.-),                                            1680(CO,   metoxy-isocumarine-3&#39; -carbonyl)-             amide), 1780(broad, CO,   2R2-aminophenylacetamide]-2,2-                lactone and CO, beta-   dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid              lactam), 3400 (NH)    ##STR20##                                    Iodometric activity                                            860,72 U/mg                                            (quantitative content)                                            87,5%)10 Sodium salt of 6-[N(4&#39;-metoxy-       58  196-200                                            1580(COO.sup.-),                                            1680(broad   carbonyl-isocumarine-3&#39; -                     CO, amide), 1750-broad,   carbonyl)-2R 2-aminophenyl-                   inflex at 1780(CO,                                            ester,   acetamido] -2,2-dimethyl-penam-               lactone and                                            beta-lactam)   3-carboxylic acid                             3340 (NH).    ##STR21##                                    iodometric activity                                            905,24 U/mg                                            (quantitative content                                            91,7%)11 Sodium salt of 6-[N(isocuma-         60  220-224                                            1600(COO.sup.-),                                            1660(CO,   rine-4&#39; -carbonyl)-2R 2-amino-                amide), 1780(CO, beta-   phenylacetamide] -2,2-dimethyl-               lactam) 3300 (NH)   penam-3-carboxylic acid    ##STR22##12 Sodium salt of 6-[N(3&#39;-methyl-       58  186-190                                            1590(COO.sup.-),                                            1670(CO,   isocumarine-4&#39; -carbonyl)-2R 2-               1750-broad, inflex at   aminophenylacetamide] -2,2-dimethyl-          1780(CO, lactone, CO,                                            beta-   penam-3-carboxylic acid                       lactam), 3400 (NH)    ##STR23##13 Sodium salt of 6-[N(2&#39;-methyl-       61  235-240                                            1590(COO.sup.-),                                            1660(CO,   1&#39;/2&#39;H/isoquinolinone-4&#39; -carbonyl)-          amide), 1770(CO, beta-   2R2-aminophenylacetamide] -2,2-               lactam), 3400 (NH)   dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid    ##STR24##14 Sodium salt of 6-[N(2-methyl-1&#39; /    58  218-222                                            1590(COO.sup.-), 1680-   2&#39;H/phtalazinone-4&#39; -carbonyl/-               CO, amide, 1780 (CO,                                            beta-   2R2-aminiphenylacetamide] -2,2-               lactam), 3400 (NH)   dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid    ##STR25##15 Sodium salt of 6-[N(2&#39;,4&#39;-dimethyl-  72  245-248                                            1600(COO.sup.-), 1650   1&#39;/2H/isoquinolinone-3-carbonyl/-2R           (CO, amide), 1780   2-aminiphenylacetamide] -2,2-dimethyl-        (CO, beta-lactam) 3400                                            (NH)   penam-3-carboxylic acid                       iodometric activity                                            1009, 12    ##STR26##                                    U/mg (quantitative                                            content: 91,5%)16 Sodium salt of 6-[ -(4&#39;-phenyl-isocumarine-                                   68  210-212                                            1650(CO, amide),   3&#39;carbonyl)-2R 2-aminophenylacetamide] -2,2-  1710(CO, lactone),   dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid              1780(CO, beta-lactam),    ##STR27##                                    3300 (NH) iodometric                                            activity 985,55 U/mg                                            (quantitative content:                                            92,9%)17 Sodium salt of 6-/N(2&#39;-methyl-4&#39; -   65  215-217                                            1660(CO, amide),   phenyl-1&#39; (2H)isoquinolinone-3&#39; -carbonyl)-   1780(CO, beta-lactam)   2R2-aminiphenylacetamidoI2,2-dimethyl-        3300 (NH).   penam-3-carboxylic acid                       Iodometric activity                                            938,83    ##STR28##                                    U/mg (Quantitative                                            content- 96,4%).__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     EXAMPLE 18 
     Methyl ester of 6-(4&#39;-methyl-isocumarine-3&#39;-carboxamide)2,2-dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid, ##STR29## 
     One mmole (216 mg) of 6-aminopenicillanic acid is acylated by acid chloride prepared from 1 mmole (204 mg) 4-methylisocumarine-3-carboxylic acid and the reaction mixture is treated according to the method of Example 1. An ether solution of diazomethane is added to the dried ethylacetic solution of the antibiotic. After two hours the solvent is removed in vacuo and the residue is recrystalized from isopropanol. 
     The yield is 260 mg (63%), with a melting point of 161°-162° C. 
     The IR spectrum (nujol, cm -1 ) is: 1680 (CO, amide); 1730 (CO, lactone and CO, ester), 1800 (CO, beta-lactam) and 3430 (NH). 
     The  1  -H-NMR spectrum is (acetone-d 6 ), 100 MHz, delta: 1.52 and 1.68 [2×3H, each s, C(CH 3 ) 2  ]; 2.64 (s, 3H, CH 3 ); 3.76  (s, 3H, OCH 3 ); 4.48 (s, 1H, 3-H); 5.6-5.9 (m, 5-H and 6-H); 7.6-8.0 (3 aromatic H); 8.0-8.3 (m, 8-H and NH). 
     Calculated % N=6.73; S=7.68; Found % N=6.80; S=8.01. C 20  H 20  N 2  O 6  S (416,38). 
     EXAMPLE 19 
     Methyl ester of 6-(7&#39;,8&#39;-dimethoxy-isocumarine-3&#39;-carboxamide)-2,2-dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid, ##STR30## 
     This compound is prepared according to the method of Example 18, from 1 mmole (216 mg) of 6-aminopenicillanic acid and 1 mmole (250 mg) of 7,8-dimethoxy-isocumarine-3-carboxylic acid. 
     The yield is 300 mg (65%), with a melting point of 83°-85° C. (from isopropanol). 
     The IR spectrum (chloroform, cm -1 ) is: 1690 (CO, amide); 1750-broad (CO, lactone and CO, ester), 1800 (CO, beta-lactam) and 3440 (NH). 
     The  1  H-NMR spectrum is (DMCO-d 6 ), 100 MHz, delta: 1.42 and 1.62 [2×3H, each s, C(CH 3 ) 2  ]; 3.68 (s, 3H, OCH 3 ); 3.76 (s, 3H, OCH 3 ); 3.86 (s, 3H, COOCH 3 ); 4.44 (s, 1H, 3-H); 5.5-5.7 (m, 2H,5-H and 6-H); 7.2-8.2 (m, 3 aromatic H); 8.6 (m, 1H, NH exchanged with D 2  O). 
     Calculated % N=6.06; S=6.92; Found % N=5.50; S=6.72. C 21  H 22  N 2  O 8  S (462,40). 
     EXAMPLE 20 
     Methyl ester of 6-(4&#39;-metoxycarbonyl-isocumarine-3&#39;-carboxamide)-2,2-dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid, ##STR31## prepared according to the method of Example 18, from 1 mmole (216 mg) of 4-metoxycarbonyl-isocumarine-3&#39;-carbonic acid. 
     The yield is 290 mg (63%), with a melting point of 85°-87° C. (from isopropanol). 
     The IR spectrum (chloroform, cm -1 ) is: 1680 (CO, amide); 1740 (CO, delta-lactone and CO, ester), 1790 (CO, beta-lactam) and 3400 (NH). 
     The  1  H-NMR spectrum is (CDCl 3 ), 80 MHz, delta: 1.51 and 1.72 [2×3H, each s, 6H, C(CH 3 ) 2  ]; 3.78 (s, 3H, COOCH 3 ); 4.02 (s, 3H, COOCH 3 ); 4.50 (s, 1H, 3-H); 5.4-6.0 (m, 2H, 5-H and 6-H); 7.2-8.0 (m, 3 aromatic H); 8.2-8.5 (m, 1H, 8-H). 
     Calculated % C=54.78; N=6.09; H=4.38; Found % C=54.16; N=6.52; H=4.52. C 21  H 20  N 2  O 8  S (460,39). 
     EXAMPLE 21 
     Methyl ester of 6-isocumarine-4&#39;-carboxamide)-2,2-dimethylpenam-3-carboxylic acid, ##STR32## prepared according to Example 18, from 1 mmole (216 mg) of 6-aminopenicillanic acid and 1 mmole (190 mg) 4-carboxyisocumarine. 
     The yield is 250 mg (63%), with a melting point of 89°-92° C. (from isopropanol). 
     The IR spectrum (nujol, cm -1 ) is: 1690 (CO, amide); 1740-broad (CO, delta-lactone and CO, ester), 1800 (CO, beta-lactam) and 3400 (NH). 
     The  1  H-NMR spectrum is (acetone-d 6 ), 100 MHz, delta: 1.48 and 1.64 [2×3H, each s, C(CH 3 ) 2  ]; 3.76 (s, 3H, OCH 3 ); 4.40 (s, 1H, 3H); 5.6-5.8 (5-H, 6-H, m); 7.5-8.3 (m, 5 aromatic H and NH). 
     Calculated % N=6.66; S=7.61; Found % N=6.29; S=7.45. C 19  H 18  N 2  O 6  S.H 2  O (420,37). 
     EXAMPLE 22 
     Methyl ester of 6-(3&#39;-methyl-isocumarine-carboxamide)-2,2-dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid, ##STR33## prepared according to Example 18, from 1 mmole (216 mg) of 6-aminopenicillanic acid and 1 mmole (204 mg) 3-methyl-4-carboxyisocumarine. 
     The yield is 250 mg (60%), with a melting point of 88°-92° C. (from isopropanol). 
     The IR spectrum (chloroform, cm -1 ) is: 1690 (CO, amide); 1740-broad (CO, lactone and CO, ester), 1790 (CO, beta-lactam) and 3400 (NH). 
     The  1  H-NMR spectrum is (acetone-d 6 ), 100 MHz, delta: 1.44 and 1.56 [2×3H, each s, C(CH 3 ) 2  ]; 2.32 (s, 3H, OCH 3 ); 3.68 (s, 3H, OCH 3 ); 4.36 (delta 1H, 3-H); 5.6-5.8 (m, 2H, 5-H and 6-H,); dd, J 5 .6 =4.5 Hz, dd (after exchange with D 2  O); 7.1-8.5 (m,4 aromatic H and NH). 
     Calculated % N=6.73; S=7.68; Found % N=6.63; S=7.92. C 20  H 20  N 2  O 6  S (416,38). 
     EXAMPLE 23 
     Methyl ester of 6-(2&#39;-methyl-1(2H)-isoquinolinone-4&#39;-carboxamide)-2,2-dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid, ##STR34## prepared according to Example 18, from 1 mmole (216 mg) of 6-aminopenicillanic acid and 1 mmole (203 mg) 2-methyl-1(2H)-isoquinolinone-4-carboxylic acid. 
     The yield is 245 mg (59%), with a melting point of 118°-122° C. (from isopropanol). 
     The IR spectrum (chloroform, cm -1 ) is: 1660 (CO, amide); 1740 (CO, ester), 1790 (CO, beta-lactam) and 3400 (NH). 
     The  1  H-NMR spectrum is (acetone-d 6 ), 100 MHz, delta: 1.44 and 1.60 [2×3H, each s, C(CH 3 ) 2  ]; 3.52 (s, 3H, NCH 3 ); 3.72 (s, 3H, OCH 3 ); 4.40 (s, 1H, 3-H); 5.6-5.8 (m, 2H, 5-H and 6-H); 7.3-8.4 (m, 5 aromatic H and NH). 
     Mass spectrum M/E: 415(M + ) C 20  H 21  N 3  O 5  S (415,39) 
     EXAMPLE 24 
     Methyl ester of 6-(2&#39;-methyl-1&#39;(2&#39;H)-phthalazinone-4&#39;-carboxamide)-2,2-dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid, ##STR35## prepared according to Example 18, from 1 mmole (216 mg) of 6-aminopenicillanic acid and 1 mmole (204 mg) 2-methyl-1(2H)-phthalazinone-4-carboxylic acid. 
     The yield is 270 mg (65%), with a melting point of 98°-100° C. (from isopropanol). 
     The IR spectrum (chloroform, cm -1 ) is: 1670-broad (CO, amide); 1750 (CO, ester), 1800 (CO, beta-lactam) and 3400 (NH). 
     The  1  H-NMR spectrum is (acetone-d 6 ), 100 MHz, delta: 1.48 and 1.64 [2×3H, each s, C(CH 3 ) 2  ]; 3.72 (delta, 3H, NCH 3 ); 3.74 (s, 3H, OCH 3 ); 4.44 (s, 1H, 3-H); 5.6-5.8 (m, 2H, 5-H and 6-H,); J 5 .6 =4.5 Hz, dd (after exchange with D 2  O); 7.6-7.8 (m, 3 aromatic H); 8.1-8.3 (m, 1H, 8-H); 8.7-8.9 (m, 1H, NH). 
     Calculated % N=13.46; S=7.68; Found % N=13.08; S=7.79. C 19  H 20  N 4  O 5  S (416,38). 
     EXAMPLES 25 TO 32 
     These exemplary compounds were synthesized from 1 mmole (349 mg) of ampicillin according to the method of Example 18, with the results as set forth in TABLE 3. 
     The ability of a number of the inventive compounds to inhibit microorganisms is shown by TABLES 4 and 5, which set forth the minimum concentration of antibiotic (in mkg/ml) necessary to inhibit Ps. aeruginosa 2, P. vulgaris 10, Staph. aureus 31, P. mirabilis 171, and E. coli II-0125. In general, sodium salts of the inventive compounds show a high level of in vitro activity against staph. aureus 31. The ampicillins derived from isocoumarin-3- or 1(2H)-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids also exhibit a broad spectrum of activity. Some have been found particularly adventageous for Ps. aeruginosa. 
     
                                           TABLE 3__________________________________________________________________________                                                ElementalEx-                                                  analysisam-                                                  +  Calcu-ple                                  Yield                                    M.P.                                       IR-Spectrum latedNr.   Compound                          %   °C.                                       cm.sup.-1                                                ++ Found__________________________________________________________________________25 Methyl ester of 6-/N(4&#39;-methyl-   60  118-                                       (chloroform)                                                C.sub.28 H.sub.27                                                N.sub.3 O.sub.7 S   isocumarine-3&#39;-carbonyl)-2R2-         120                                       1660(CO,amide),                                                (549,52)   aminophenylacetamide/-2,2-dimethyl-      1730-broad(CO,   penam-3-carboxylic acid                  lactone and CO,                                       ester),1790(CO,                                       beta-lactam),                                       3400 (NH) ##STR36##                                            + ++  + ++                                                   N 7,65 N 7,21, S                                                   5,82  S 6,1126 Methyl ester of 6-/N(7&#39;,8&#39;-dime-  63  130-                                       (chloroform)                                                C.sub.29 H.sub.29                                                N.sub.3 O.sub.9 S   toxy-isocumarine-3&#39;-carbonyl)-2R      132                                       1680(CO,amide)                                                (595,30)   2-aminophenylacetamido/-2,2-dimeth-      1740-broad   yl-penam-3-carboxylic acid               (CO,ester,CO                                       lactone),                                       1800-CO,beta-                                       lactam),3440(NH) ##STR37##                                            + ++                                                   N 7,06 S 5,38 N                                                   6,94 S 6,1427 Methyl ester of 6-[N(4&#39;-me-       62  143-                                       (nujol)  C.sub.29 H.sub.27                                                N.sub.3 O.sub.9 S   toxycarbonyl-isocumarine-3&#39;-          145                                       1680(CO,amide)                                                (593,10)   carbonyl)-2R2-aminophenylacet-           1730-broad(CO,   amide]-2,2-dimethyl-penam-3-car-         ester and lactone)   boxylic acid                             1790(CO,beta-lac-                                       tam ,3400 (NH) ##STR38##                                            + ++                                                   N 7,08 S 5,39 N                                                   7,20 S 5,5428 Methyl ester of 6-[N(isocumarine- 63  103-                                       (chloroform)                                                C.sub.27 H.sub.25                                                N.sub.3 O.sub.7                                                S.H.sub.2 O   4&#39;-carbonyl)-2R2-aminophenylacet-     105                                       1680(CO,amide)                                                (553,51)   amide/-dimethyl-penam-3-carboxyl         1740-broad   acid                                     (CO,lactone                                       and CO,ester)                                       1800(CO,lactam)                                       3400 (NH) ##STR39##                                            + ++                                                   N 7,59 S 5,48 N                                                   7,29 S 5,6329 Methyl ester of 6-[N(3&#39;-methyl-   60  104-                                       (chloroform)                                                C.sub.28 H.sub.27                                                N.sub.3 O.sub.7 S   isocumarine-4&#39;-carbonyl)-2R2-         108                                       1680(CO,amide),                                                (549,52)   aminiphenylacetamido]-2,2-dimeth-        1740-broad   yl-penam-3-carboxylic acid               (CO,lactone                                       and CO,ester),                                       1790(CO,beta-                                       lactam),3400                                       (NH) ##STR40##                                            + ++                                                   N 7,65 S 5,82  N                                                   7,26 S 5,5430 Methyl ester of 6-[N(2&#39;-methyl-   57  140-                                       (nujol)  C.sub.28 H.sub.28                                                N.sub.4 O.sub.6 S   1&#39;(2H)isoquinolinone-4&#39;-carbo-        143                                       1660(CO,amide),                                                (548,54)   nyl/-2R2-aminophenylacetamide]-          1740(CO,ester),   2,2-dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic          1790(CO,beta-   acid                                     lactam),3300                                       (NH) ##STR41##                                            + ++                                                   N 10,21 S 5,84 N                                                   9,87 S 6,1331 Methyl ester of 6-[N(2&#39;-methyl-   62  118-                                       (chloroform)                                                C.sub.27 H.sub.27                                                N.sub.5 O.sub.6 S   1&#39;/2H/phtalazinone-4&#39;-carbonyl)-      120                                       1670-broad                                                (549,53)   2R2-aminophenylacetamide]-2,2-           (CO,amide),   dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid         1740(CO,ester),                                       1810(CO,beta-                                       lactam),3400(NH)    ##STR42##                                        Mass spectrum - M/E:                                                549(M.sup.+)32 Methyl ester of 6-[N(2&#39;,4&#39;-dimeth-                                75  139-                                       (nujol)  C.sub.29 H.sub.30                                                N.sub.4 O.sub.6 S   yl-1&#39;/2&#39;H/isoquinolinone-3&#39;-car-      141                                       1650-broad                                                (562,56)   bonyl)-2R2-aminophenylacetamido]-2,2-    (CO,amide),   dimethyl-penam-3-carboxylic acid         1730(CO,ester),                                       1790(CO,beta-                                       lactam),3300(NH)    ##STR43##                               Calculated: Found Calculated                                       Found    N 9,96 N 9,81 S 5,69                                                 6,15__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     EXAMPLE 33 
     In the following table 4 is shown the activity of the compounds prepared according to the invention. Some of the anbiotics demonstrate a broad scope of action as seen in table 5. In both tables MIC signifies &#34;Minimal growth inhibiting concentration.&#34; 
     
                                           TABLE 4__________________________________________________________________________                                   MINIMAL                                   INHIBITING CONCENTRATION                                   (mkg/ml)                                   STRAINEX-                                               Staph.AM-                                     Ps. aeru-                                        P. vul-                                             aureus                                                 P.                                                      E. coliPLE   COMPOUND                             ginosa 2                                        garis 10                                             31  bilis                                                      II-0125__________________________________________________________________________    ##STR44##                           &gt;100 &gt;100 &lt;12,5                                                 &gt;100 &gt;1003    ##STR45##                           &gt;100 &gt;100 &lt;12,5                                                 &gt;100 &gt;1004    ##STR46##                           &gt;100 &gt;100  12,5                                                  100   508    ##STR47##                            6,25                                        &gt;100  &lt;3,1                                                  &lt;3,1                                                       &lt;3,19    ##STR48##                           &lt;12,5                                        &gt;100 &lt;12,5                                                 &lt;12,5                                                      &lt;12,55    ##STR49##                           &gt;100 &lt;6,25                                             &gt;100                                                 &gt;100 &gt;1001    ##STR50##                           &gt;100 &lt;6,25                                             &gt;100                                                 &gt;100 &gt;1006    ##STR51##                           &gt;100 &lt;6,25                                             &gt;100                                                 &gt;100 &gt;1007    ##STR52##                           &gt;100 &lt;6,25                                             &gt;100                                                 &gt;100 &gt;10010    ##STR53##                           &lt;12,5                                        &gt;100 &lt;12,5                                                 &lt;12,5                                                      &lt;12,511    ##STR54##                            100 &gt;100  &lt;3,1                                                  6,25                                                        2512    ##STR55##                            100 &gt;100  100                                                  100   2513    ##STR56##                            100 &gt;100  100                                                 &gt;100   10014    ##STR57##                             50 &gt;100  12,5                                                  12,5                                                        2,5__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     
         TABLE 5  STRAIN MINIMAL INHIBITING CONCENTRATION (mkg/ml) EX-    Entero-   AM- Ps. aeruginosa Vl. pneumonia bacter E. coli P. mirabilis PLE COMPOUND 38 6 32 634 635 665 671 597 576 640 626 669 667 660 661 662               8  ##STR58##   6,25   6,25   25  9 ##STR59##    6,25  6,25 25 25  12,5 12,5 3,1  12,5 12,5 12,5  50 50 12,5   10  ##STR60##  12,5 12,5 25 25     6,25  6,25 25 50 &gt;50 50 12,5