Abstract:
A method for the recovery of oil according to which a well is drilled using a drill bit; drilling fluid is introduced to the drill bit and a mixture of the fluid and cuttings from the well is passed to the ground surface. The mixture is passed into a vessel and the vessel is transported from the ground surface to another area where the fluid is separated from the cuttings in the vessel.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
   Technology in connection with the exploration moreover production of hydrocarbon fluids, such as oil and gas, includes a variety of methods of drilling a wellbore into a formation to find and remove hydrocarbon fluids. During these drilling operations, drilling fluid is often pumped down through a drill pipe and into the wellbore through a drill bit, largely for the purposes of cleaning, lubricating, and cooling the drill bit. The drilling fluid mixes with sludge and cuttings (hereinafter referred to as “cuttings”), such as crushed rock and clay, before it is returned to the ground surface. 
   At the surface, the drilling fluid is typically separated from the cuttings and reused in the drilling process prior to disposal of the cuttings, especially when the drilling fluid includes oils or synthetic oils. However this separation at the rig site may be inefficient with typical rig site solids control equipment such as shale shakers, hydrocyclones and centrifuges, and a significant amount of drilling fluid may remain associated with the cuttings. In certain areas, the levels of oil that remain associated with the cuttings exceeds the levels allowed for discharge overboard or disposal at industrial landfills, and some form of secondary treatment is required. 
   Since the secondary treatment can not be done at the rig site with conventional equipment, in many cases the cuttings are collected at the rig site and transferred to a vessel such as a container, box, skip, or the like, that is then transported to a secondary drilling waste treatment facility, where the cuttings are emptied from the transport vessel. At this site further separation could be carried out using solvents, detergents, or thermal energy to reduce the oil levels on the cuttings to an acceptable level for disposal. An example of a drill cutting deoiling system is disclosed in United States Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0236015, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. This secondary treatment site may be located within the drilling location or at another area. However, this involves unloading the cuttings and fluid from the transfer vessel either into a storage facility or directly into some kind of treatment vessel or unit. This transfer could require significant manpower and equipment. The transfer vessel is then cleaned and returned to the drilling site and refilled. 
   It can be appreciated that the large quantities of cuttings involved make it difficult, cumbersome, time-consuming, and expensive to transfer the mixture of fluid and cuttings to a vessel for transport to a treatment facility, then to empty the transfer vessel so it can be cleaned and returned to drilling site, and then to load the cuttings and fluids into the treatment process to reduce the oil content prior to disposal. 
   The present invention overcomes this problem. 
   SUMMARY 
   In one embodiment, the disclosure includes a method comprising drilling a well using a drill bit, introducing drilling fluid to the drill bit, passing a mixture of the fluid and cuttings from the well to a ground surface, passing the mixture into a vessel, transporting the vessel from the ground surface to another area, and separating the fluid from the cuttings in the vessel. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  is a isometric view of a separation and transfer vessel that can be used in the above method; and 
       FIG. 2  is a schematic view depicting an exemplary sequence of steps according to an exemplary embodiment of a method of the invention. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
   In  FIG. 1  of the drawings, the reference numeral  10  refers, in general, to a collection vessel utilized in the method according to an embodiment of the invention. Preferably, the vessel  10  is in the form of a cylindrical enclosure, having a hatch  12  provided in its upper end, as viewed in the drawing, for receiving a mixture of drilling fluid and cuttings. An inlet pipe  14  is also provided through the upper end of the vessel  10 , and a discharge pipe  16  is provided in the lower portion of the cylindrical wall of the vessel  10 , for reasons to be described. A control valve  18  is provided on each of the pipes  14  and  16  for controlling the flow of fluid through the pipes  14  and  16 . It is understood that the vessel  10  is designed to contain fluids at relatively high pressures to permit certain reactions to occur, as will be described. 
   The vessel  10  is supported in a rack, or frame,  20 , and is attached to the frame  20  in any conventional manner for the purpose of transporting the vessel  10 , in a manner to be described. 
     FIG. 2  depicts a series of method steps according to an exemplary embodiment utilizing the vessel  10  of  FIG. 1 . The method relates to the drilling of a wellbore into a formation at a drilling location to find or remove hydrocarbon fluids. As discussed above, during these drilling operations, drilling fluid, usually in the form of oil, or synthetic oil, is pumped down through a drill pipe and into the borehole through a drill bit, largely for the reasons indicated above. When the drilling fluid is returned to the surface, it brings up cuttings with it that must be removed from the fluid. 
   To this end, and according to a step of the method, the vessel  10 , described above, is located at the drilling location near the wellbore and receives the mixture of the drilling fluid and the cuttings. The vessel  10  is then sealed and transferred to a separation site area that may also be at the drilling location and therefore near the wellbore. Alternately, the vessel  10  can be transferred to a site relatively far from the drilling location, in which case the vessel  10  would be transported to the site via a truck or railcar. If an offshore operation is involved, the mixture would be received in the vessel  10  on a platform, and the filled and sealed vessel  10  transferred by boat to the separation site. In any of the above cases the frame  20  facilitates the transfer of the vessel  10  to and from the truck, railcar, or boat using a fork lift, or other similar equipment, that engages the frame  20 , in a conventional manner. 
   At the separation site, the fluid is separated from the cuttings by any of the techniques discussed above. According to one example, liquefied hydrocarbon gas is pumped into the vessel  10  through the inlet pipe  14 , where it contacts the cuttings at fluid extraction conditions (including temperature and pressure) sufficient to separate the cuttings from a mixture comprising the gas and soluble oil including at least a portion of the hydrocarbons. It is understood that the vessel  10  can include some internal agitation apparatus (not shown) as needed so that the liquefied gas and the cuttings are thoroughly mixed to help ensure complete extraction of the oil. The mixture of the gas and soluble oil is then discharged from the vessel  10  through the discharge pipe  16 . Since this process is conventional, it will not be described in any further detail. 
   It is also understood that the gas and soluble oil could be separated after being discharged from the vessel  10  in a conventional manner. The separated oil would be collected for re-use as a drilling fluid and the separated gas would be compressed and recycled as a solvent. 
   Once the gas and soluble oil exit the vessel  10 , the hatch  12  of the vessel  10  is opened, and the dry, clean, separated cuttings are discharged so that they can be recycled or disposed of in any conventional manner. The vessel  10  is then transported back to the drilling location in the same manner as discussed above. 
   It is noted that the separation step using liquefied hydrocarbon gas described above also cleans the interior of the vessel  10 . Thus, the vessel  10  can be transported back to the drilling location without the need for any additional cleaning. 
   While preferred embodiments of this invention have been shown and described, modifications thereof can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or teaching of this invention. The embodiments described herein are exemplary only and are not limiting. Many variations and modifications of the system and apparatus are possible and are within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection is not limited to the embodiments described herein, but is only limited by the claims that follow, the scope of which shall include all equivalents of the subject matter of the claims.