Abstract:
An evaluation apparatus of optical parts has a holder having a frame which can hold a lens fixedly and another lens movably, a chart having a first transmission hole group and a second transmission hole group arranged on circumferences of concentric circles, a light source which irradiates the chart with a luminous flux, a CCD camera for picking up an image of the luminous flux transmitted through the first and second transmission hole groups, a processor, and a driving unit. By using a result picked up by the CCD camera, the processor computes coordinates of a center of each circle, on a circumference of which the luminous flux is imaged, and then it calculates an amount movement for the movably held lens by computing a distance between the respective centers of the circles. The driving unit moves the lens on the basis of this calculated amount of movement.

Description:
This application claims benefits of Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-194450 filed in Japan on Jun. 30, 2004, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   1. Field of the Invention 
   The present invention relates to an evaluation apparatus of a lens unit used at the time of the assembly of lens units such as a lens for cameras, an image pick-up unit and the like. 
   2. Description of the Related Art 
   Using  FIGS. 1 ,  2 , and  3 ., an optical axis adjusting apparatus will be explained.  FIG. 1  is an outline block diagram of the optical axis adjusting apparatus.  FIG. 2  is a diagram about image forming of the optical axis adjusting apparatus.  FIG. 3  is a diagram showing an image in a CCD camera image-receiving surface of the optical axis adjusting apparatus. 
   In  FIG. 1 , an optical axis adjusting apparatus of a lens unit is equipped with a light source  50 , a pinhole plate  51  arranged at the left of the light source  50  which has a pinhole with diameter (φ about 0.6 μm) formed by pinhole processing, a ND filter  52  and a collimator lens  53  which are arranged at the left of the pinhole plate  51 , and a mirror  54  arranged at the left of these. 
   In the lower part of the mirror  54  in  FIG. 1 , a chart  55  that is opaque and plate like shape is arranged. This chart  55  is arranged so that a surface of the chart  55  may become perpendicular to an optical axis of the light that enters to the chart  55 . 
   On this chart  55  as shown in  FIG. 2 , a center point (M 0 ) of the chart  55  and eight points (M 1 -M 8 ) which are located in a line at equal intervals on a ring band, a center of which is the M 0  are arranged. The pinhole processing has been carried out to each point of M 1 -M 8 . 
   In  FIG. 1 , an object lens system T is arranged under the chart  55 . an object lens system T has a lens system  56 , a lens holding frame  57  for fixing the lens system  56 , an attachment portion  58  at a main body side to which this lens holding frame  57  is inserted, a lens system  59  which is an object of adjustment arranged at the upper part of the lens holding frame  57 , and an adjustment jig  8  arranged so as to contact with the lens system  9 , 
   In an arbitrary position at the lower part of the object lens system T in  FIG. 1 , an image surface  61  is arranged. Under the image surface  61 , a microscope lens  62 , a CCD camera  63 , and a focusing axis  64  are arranged. A microscope lens  62  is arranged so that the optical axis may coincide with the optical axis of the object lens system T. A CCD camera  63  is arranged under the microscope lens  62 . This CCD camera  63  is arranged so that the image receiving surface may become perpendicular to the optical axis of the object lens system T. 
   The microscope lens  62  and the CCD camera  63 , and the focal axis  64  mentioned above are mounted on a X-Y table which moves by two axes  65  for rough adjustment of axis, and an image is caught in the image receiving screen of the CCD camera  63  by adjusting two axes  65  for rough adjustment of axis. 
   Here, an image forming by the optical axis adjusting apparatus will be explained. 
   The light emitted from the light source  50  becomes parallel light rays R through the pinhole plate  51 , the ND filter  52 , and the collimator lens  53 , and then they are reflected by the mirror  54  and become parallel light rays R′ which go to a lower part from the mirror  54 . 
   The parallel light rays R′ are interrupted by the chart  55 , and they pass the center point M 0  of the chart  55  and eight points (M 1 -M 8 ) located in a line at equal intervals on the ring band, the center of which is the center point M 0 , and then a pinhole image is formed to become nine light rays. Then, the nine light rays which have passed the chart  55  passes the object lens system T, and enter to an image surface  61 . At this time, since most of the quantity of parallel light rays R′ are shielded by the chart  55 , only the nine pinhole images are formed on the CCD camera  63 . 
   Here, when the optical axis of the lens system  59  ideally coincides with the optical axis of the lens system  56  and a whole optical system, in  FIG. 2  a center of gravity position of irradiated points L 1 -L 8  on the ring band obtained by light rays R 1 .R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7  and R 8  which passed the lens systems  59  and  56 , and an irradiated point L 0  of the center obtained by the light ray R 0  which passed the lens systems  59  and  56  coincides. 
   However, when the optical axis of the lens system  59  does not coincide with the optical axis of the lens system  56  and a whole optical system, a center of gravity position of the irradiated points L 1 -L 8  on a ring band and a center point of the main irradiated point L 0  will be shifted. 
   Then, in order that the center of gravity position of the irradiated points L 1 -L 8  on the ring band and the center point of the main irradiated point L 0  coincides, an optical axis adjustment using an operation processing section  66  and fine adjustment of the two axes is  69  is carried out. That is, in the operation processing section  66 , by determining for the average of X coordinates XR 1 -XRm and Y coordinates YR 1 -YRm of all the picture elements of eight irradiated points which constitute the ring band except the main irradiated point  67  (refer to  FIG. 3 ), a barycentric coordinates B (XG, YG) in the center of gravity  68  of the ring band is obtained. 
   Next, a deviation (XG-X 0 , YG-Y 0 ) of the main coordinates A in the main irradiated point  67  (X 0 , Y 0 ) and the barycentric coordinates B (XG, YG) in the center of gravity  68  of the ring band is detected as an amount of coma at the axis (Δ X, Δ Y). Then, the two axes  69  for fine adjustment is made to move slightly according to the detected amount of coma at the axis, and the optical axis adjustment is carried out by moving slightly the lens system  59  so that an amount of coma at the axis may be settled within a standard which been set, and an optical axis adjustment is carried out. 
   In detection of deviation of an optical axis in the first lens system (lens system  56  in  FIG. 1 ) and the second lens system (lens system  59  in  FIG. 1 ), a variation in detected value is a variation of the center of gravity of a main luminous flux and the center of a ring band luminous flux. It becomes variation of the coordinates of the center of gravity of the main luminous flux and of the center of a ring band luminous flux. According to the detection method mentioned here, the main coordinate of the ring band luminous flux are computed from the average of the luminous fluxes of eight points which constitute the ring band. By averaging the calculated value, the variation in the luminous fluxes of the eight points are offset, and the variation in the main coordinates becomes small compared with the variation in each luminous flux. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   An evaluation apparatus of optical parts according to the present invention comprises a luminous flux generation part which generates two or more luminous fluxes, an image pick-up apparatus arranged at a position which receives light from the luminous flux generation part, a holding component which is arranged at the-luminous-flux generation part side than the imaging apparatus side and holds an optical component, and a processing apparatus which performs a predetermined processing based on an output information from the imaging apparatus, wherein the-luminous-flux generation part comprises at least a first domain group and a second domain group, two or more domains set in the first domain group are mutually and separately located on a first predetermined line, two or more domains set in the second domain group of are mutually and separately located on the second predetermined line, and the second domain group is located outside of the first domain group  2 . 
   In the evaluation apparatus of optical parts according to the present invention, it is desirable that the first output information and the second output information are included in the output information, the first output information is an information obtained from images from the two or more images in the first domain group, the second output information is an information obtained from images from the two or more images in the second domain group, and the processing apparatus computes an information required for position adjustment of the optical component based on the on the first output information and the second output information. 
   In the evaluation apparatus of optical parts according to the present invention, it is desirable that the first output information is an information on a main position of the said first domain group, the second output information is an information on a main position of the second domain group, the information on the main position of the first domain group is an information obtained from all images of the two or more images in the first domain group, the information on the main position of the second domain group is an information obtained from all images of the two or more images in the second domain group. 
   An evaluation method of optical parts according to the present invention comprises the following steps: a step in which two or more domains set in the second domain group of are mutually and separately located on the second predetermined line; a step in which two or more domains set in the second domain group of are mutually and separately located on the second predetermined line; a step in which the second domain group is located outside the first domain group; a step in which the first domain group and the second domain group are imaged through an optical component; and a step in which adjusting of the optical parts is carried out by using an image information obtained from the image which has been picked up. 
   In the evaluation method of optical parts according to the present invention, it is desirable that it further comprises the following steps of: a step in which a main coordinate of the first domain group is computed using all of the image information of two or more domains in the first domain group, a step in which a main coordinate of the second domain group is computed using all of the image information of two or more domains in the second domain group, and an adjustment of the optical component is carried out based on the main coordinate of the first domain group and the main coordinate of the second domain group. 
   These and other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description of the referred embodiments when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  is an outline block diagram of a conventional optical axis adjusting apparatus. 
       FIG. 2  is a diagram about image forming of the conventional optical axis adjusting apparatus. 
       FIG. 3  is a diagram showing the image in the CCD camera image receiving surface of the conventional optical axis adjusting apparatus. 
       FIG. 4  is an outline block diagram of a first embodiment of the optical axis adjusting apparatus according to the present invention. 
       FIG. 5  is a diagram of a chart seen to direction of A-A in  FIG. 4 . 
       FIG. 6  is a pattern diagram of an observed pinhole image. 
       FIG. 7  is a pattern diagram of each pinhole image which constitutes a transmitted luminous flux displayed on the display equipment  13 . 
       FIG. 8  is a pattern diagram showing the main coordinates of the transmitted luminous flux. 
       FIG. 9  is a diagram showing an enlarged portion of the main coordinates of  FIG. 8 . 
       FIG. 10  is a plane view showing one example of composition of a chart. 
       FIG. 11  is a plane view showing another example of composition of a chart. 
       FIG. 12  is a plane view showing further other example of composition of a chart. 
       FIG. 13  is an outline block diagram of a second embodiment of the optical axis adjusting apparatus according to the present invention. 
       FIG. 14A  is a detail drawing of a chart used for this embodiment. 
       FIG. 14B  is a side elevation of  FIG. 14A  omitting a part of luminescence section. 
       FIG. 15  is a diagram showing a chart which is constituted with a band on a circumference. 
       FIG. 16  is a diagram showing a chart in which transparent holes consist of holes having rectangle shape. 
       FIG. 17  is a diagram showing a chart which can change a magnitude of a circumference. 
       FIG. 18  is a diagram showing a constitution of a variable hole diameter mechanism which can change a magnitude of each hole of transparent holes. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
   First Embodiment  
   Hereafter, based on  FIGS. 4 to 9 , embodiments according to the present invention will be explained. 
     FIG. 4  is an outline block diagram of an optical axis adjusting apparatus of the present embodiment.  FIG. 5  is a diagram of a chart  4  seen to direction of A-A in  FIG. 4 .  FIG. 6  is a pattern diagram of a pinhole image obtained by an image pick-up apparatus.  FIG. 7  is a pattern diagram of each pinhole image which constitutes a transmitted luminous flux displayed on the display equipment  13 .  FIG. 8  is a pattern diagram showing main coordinates of each luminous flux.  FIG. 9  is a diagram in which a main-coordinate portion shown in  FIG. 8  is enlarged. 
   In  FIG. 4 , under a light source  1 , a pinhole plate  2  to which pinhole processing has been carried out is arranged, and a collimator lens  3  is arranged under the pinhole plate  2 . A chart  4  is arranged under the collimator lens  3 . The chart  4  is a thin plate material of opaque disk form, and it is arranged so that the disk plane may become perpendicular to an optical axis of the lens system to be adjusted  15  mentioned later. 
   As shown in  FIG. 5 , the chart  4  has a transparent hole sequence R 0 , and a transparent hole sequence R 1  arranged in a shape of a concentric circle to a circumference of the transparent hole sequence R 0  This transparent hole sequence R 1  is formed by arranging eight pinholes P 011 , P 12 , P 13 , P 14 , P 15 , P 16 , P 17  and P 18  at equal intervals on the circumference. The transparent hole sequence R 1  is formed by arranging eight pinholes P 011 , P 12 , P 13 , P 14 , P 15 , P 16 , P 17  and P 18  at equal intervals on the circumference. 
   Here, although the pinholes P 01 -P 08  and P 11 -P 18  of the chart  4  may be formed by a usual metalworking, it is more desirable to give processing by photo etching processing that has better processing accuracy than the usual metalworking. Or it is desirable to form a substrate by parallel plane shape and to form pinholes P 01 -P 08 , and P 11 -P 18  by pattern deposition with more sufficient processing accuracy than the usual metalworking. 
   In  FIG. 4 , at a lower part of the chart  4 , the lens system  15  to be adjusted including a lens system  9 , a jig  8  for centering arranged so as to contact with the lens system  9 , a holding means  6  holding the lens system  15  to be adjusted, and a moving means  5  arranged on the holding means  6  are arranged. The jig  8  for centering is constituted such that it is connected with the moving means  5  and a motion of the moving means  5  transmits to a lens system  9  to be adjusted through the jig  8  for centering. The moving means  5  is composed such that it can move in the direction of X-Y that intersects perpendicularly with an optical axis of the lens system  15  to be adjusted. 
   The lens system  15  to be adjusted is equipped with a frame  10  for holding the lens system  9  and the lens system  11 . Moreover, the holding means  6  holds the lens system  15  to be adjusted by holding the frame  10 . Here, the lens system  11  is held at a state where it is fixed at the frame  10  before an optical axis adjustment. 
   The lens system  9  is held to the frame  10  so as to be movable before an optical axis adjustment is carried out. Between the lens system  9  and the frame  10 , ultraviolet curing type adhesives is filled up before the optical axis adjustment is carried out. A lens system  9  is held by stiffening ultraviolet curing type adhesives by irradiating ultraviolet rays from an ultraviolet rays irradiation unit (not shown) after adjusting an optical axis. 
   Moreover, the frame  10  is arranged so that centers of transparent hole sequences R 0  and R 1  and an optical axis of the lens system  11  fixed to the frame  10  may coincide, and it is held by the holding means  6 . 
   In addition, although in this embodiment the lens system  9  and the lens system  11  are held with the frame  10 , the holding portion of the present invention is not limited to this. It may be constituted so that the lens system  11  that is the first optical element and the lens system  9  that is the second optical element may be held by a different holding portion. 
   In  FIG. 4 , a CCD camera  12  is arranged under the lens system  15  to be adjusted. The CCD camera  12  is constituted so as to move toward a direction of an optical axis of the lens system  15  to be adjusted by the drive means  7 . Moreover, an operation processing section  14  for controlling CCD camera  12 , the drive means  7 , and the moving means  5  is arranged. 
   This operation processing section  14  is constituted so that coordinates of two luminous flux which transmitted two transparent hole sequences R 0  and R 1  and the lens system  15  to be adjusted may be detected. Concretely, the operation processing section  14  is constituted so that the distance between main coordinates may be computed by determining for the main coordinates (namely, circumference of each luminous flux) of two transparent hole sequences R 0  and R 1  from that image pick-up result and the amount of movement of a lens system  9  may be computed from this calculation result using the luminous flux which transmitted two transparent hole sequences R 0  and R 1  and lens system to be adjusted  15  which are imaged with CCD camera  12 . In addition, an observation image of two transparent hole sequences R 0  and R 1  observed with the CCD camera  12  is displayed on a display equipment  13 . 
   In the optical axis adjusting apparatus constituted as mentioned above, light emitted from the light source  1  transmits the pinhole plate  2 , forms a point source, and becomes parallel luminous flux by the collimator lens  3 . The parallel luminous flux emanated from the collimator lens  3  is irradiated to the chart  4  on which the transparent hole sequence R 0  and R 1  are arranged, and two transmitted luminous fluxes are irradiated to the lens  15  to be adjusted. Two transmitted luminous fluxes which transmitted the lens  15  to be adjusted is imaged with the CCD camera  12 . This image is displayed on the display equipment  13 . 
   As shown in  FIG. 7 , the display equipment  13  displays a transmitted luminous flux group Z 0  which consists of pinhole images Z 01 , Z 02 , Z 03 , Z 04 , Z 05 , Z 06 , Z 07 , and Z 08  which have transmitted the lens  15  to be adjusted, and a transmitted luminous flux group Z 1  which consists of pinhole images Z 11 , Z 12 , Z 13 , Z 14 , Z 15 , Z 16 , Z 17 , and Z 18 . 
   The above-mentioned transmitted luminous flux groups Z 0  and Z 1  are adjusted so that the transmitted luminous flux groups Z 0  and Z 1  observed in the CCD camera  12  may become the maximum within a visual field of the CCD camera  12 . This adjustment is carried out by the drive means  7  by moving the CCD camera  12  up or down toward a direction of an optical axis of the lens system  15  to be adjusted. 
   Next, a method of calculating a main coordinate (center position) of a transmitted luminous flux group using the barycentric coordinate (gravity position) which is detected from each luminous flux imaged with the CCD camera  12  by the operation processing section  14 , that is, a method of calculating a main coordinate wherein the sum total of the barycentric coordinates of each luminous flux is obtained, and then its average value is obtained will be explained. 
   Images of two transmitted luminous flux groups Z 0  and Z 1  which have been picturized and observed by the CCD camera  12  are sent to the operation processing section  14 , wherein an image processing is carried out to each of pinhole images which constitutes transmitted luminous flux groups Z 0  and Z 1  in the operation processing section  14 . This image processing is carried out by such way that “1” is assigned to a picture element whose brightness is higher than a predetermined threshold value set up beforehand, and “0” is assigned to a picture element having other low brightness, and then two-digit processing of each picture element is carried out. 
   Here, a calculation of an amount of movement of a lens system  9  using pictures of the transmitted luminous flux groups Z 0  and Z 1  to each of which image processing has been performed will be explained. 
   By determining an average value of the picture element set to “1” in the two digit processing with respect to X coordinates X 01 -X 0 n and Y coordinate Y 01 -Y 0 n for every pinhole image, and barycentric coordinates (Xc, Yc) of each pinhole image are computed (refer to an example of  FIG. 6 ). 
   The barycentric coordinates of each pinhole image can be determined from the following formula (1) and (2).
 
 Xc= ( X 01- X 0 n  in total)/ n   (1)
 
 Xc= ( Y 01- Y 0 n  in total)/ n   (2)
 
   Using the formula (1) and (2), the barycentric coordinates Zc 01 , Zc 02 , Zc 03 , Zc 04 , Zc 05 , Zc 06 , Zc 07 , Zc 08 , Zc 11 , Zc 12 , Zc 13 , Zc 14 , Zc 15 , Zc 16 , Zc 17 , and Zc 18  of each pinhole image are determined. An arrangement position of the barycentric coordinates of each calculated pinhole image is shown in a parenthesis of the symbol of each pinhole image in  FIG. 7 . 
   Using the barycentric coordinates of each pinhole image shown in  FIG. 7 , barycentric coordinates Z 0 c and Z 1 c of two transmitted luminous flux groups Z 0  and Z 1  from the following formula (3), (4), (5), and (6) (refer to  FIG. 8 ) are determined.
 
 X  coordinate of  Z 0 c:Z 0 cX =(sum total of  X  coordinates of  Zc 01- Zc 08)/8  (3)
 
 Y  coordinate of  Z 0 c:Z 0 cY =(sum total of  Y  coordinates of  Zc 01- Zc 08)/8  (4)
 
 X  coordinate of  Z 1 c:Z 1 cX =(sum total of  X  coordinates of  Zc 11- Zc 18)/8  (5)
 
 Y  coordinate of  Z 1 c:Z 1 cY =(sum total of  Y  coordinates of  Zc 11- Zc 18)/8  (6)
 
   Furthermore, by using main coordinates Z 0 c and Z 1 c which have been calculated by above-mentioned formula (3)-(6), a distance between main coordinates of two transmitted luminous flux groups are determined from the following formula (7) (refer to FIG.  9 ).
 
{( Z 1 cX−Z 0 cX ) 2 +( Z 1 cY−Z 0 cY ) 2 } 1/2   (7)
 
   A corrected amount of movement is calculated according to the distance between main coordinates obtained from the formula (7). Here, a corrected amount of movement means what a constant k is multiplied to the obtained distance between main coordinates. The constant k is an inclination determined from an approximation straight line that is obtained by plotting the obtained distance between main coordinates on the graph, when a shift of an optical axis is given between the lens system  9  and the lens system  11 , and it becomes a value to be setup for each lens to be adjusted. This corrected amount of movement is computed by the operation processing section  14  in a similar way of each calculation mentioned above. 
   Next, a method how to make coincide with an optical axis of the optical axis of the lens system  9 , the lens system  11 , and an optical system of the optical axis adjusting apparatus by moving lens system  9  based on the calculated value of main coordinates, will be explained. 
   The moving means  5  is moved based on the corrected amount of movement which the operation processing section  14  computed, and it is transmitted to the lens system  9  through a jig  8  for centering, and then the lens system  9  moves. 
   Here, in order to make it the distance between main coordinates computed settled in the standard set up beforehand, position adjustment of the lens system  9  is carried out repeatedly by the moving means  5 . And it is the stage settled in the standard, Since a lens system  9  is fixed to a frame  10 , ultraviolet rays are irradiated from a ultraviolet rays irradiation unit which is not illustrated for stiffening ultraviolet rays curing type adhesives. 
   Next, various examples of composition of a substrate concerning the present invention will be explained. 
     FIG. 10  is a figure showing other example of composition of the chart as the substrate mentioned above concerning the present invention. In this example of composition, a substrate has a transparent hole sequence R 0  and a transparent hole sequence R 1 , and it is composed such that a main coordinates of the transparent hole sequence R 0  and a main coordinates of the transparent hole sequence R 1  may coincide. The transparent hole sequences R 0  and R 1  are arranged in the shape of a rectangle. By replacing this chart  31  by the chart  4  in  FIG. 4 , and using it the same function and effect when using the chart  4  can be obtained. 
     FIG. 11  is a figure showing other example of composition of a chart as the substrate mentioned above concerning the present invention. In this example of composition, the pattern of the transparent hole arranged at the substrate serves as combination of the transparent hole sequence R 0  arranged in the shape of a circle and the transparent hole sequence R 1  arranged in the shape of a rectangle. In this example of composition, a substrate has a transparent hole sequence R 0  and a transparent hole sequence R 1 , and it is composed such that a main coordinates of the transparent hole sequence R 0  and a main coordinates of the transparent hole sequence R 1  may coincide. 
   By replacing this chart  32  by the chart  4  in  FIG. 4  and using it the same function and effect when using the chart  4  can be obtained. 
     FIG. 12  is a figure showing other example of composition of a chart as the substrate mentioned above concerning the present invention. 
   In this example of composition three pinholes constituting a transparent hole sequence R 0  arranged on the substrate is arranged at equal angle intervals on a concentric circle. 
   With respect to a transparent hole sequence R 1 , similarly three pinholes are arranged at tat equal angle interval on a concentric circle. Here, it is composed such that a main coordinates of the transparent hole sequence R 0  and a main coordinates of the transparent hole sequence R 1  may coincide. By using this chart  33  in place of the chart  4  in  FIG. 4 , the same function and effect in case of using the chart  4  can be obtained. 
   Second Embodiment  
   Hereafter, based on  FIGS. 13 and 14 , the second embodiment according to the present invention will be explained. 
     FIG. 13  is an outline block diagram of a conventional optical axis adjusting apparatus.  FIG. 14  is detail drawing of a chart used for this embodiment. 
   In this embodiment, comparing with the first embodiment, there is a difference such that a light source  4 ′ having two or more luminescence sections is arranged instead of the light source  1 , the pinhole plate  2 , the collimator lens  3  and the chart  4 . Other composition is the same as the first embodiment. 
   As shown in  FIG. 14 , the light source  4 ′ is constituted on the substrate  23 , where two or more luminescence sections are arranged. The light source  4 ′ has a luminous flux ring L 0  and a luminous flux ring L 1  arranged at a concentric circle of the luminous flux ring L 0 . 
   This luminous flux ring L 0  is formed by arranging eight luminescence sections L 01 , L 02 , L 03 , L 04 , L 05 , L 06 , L 07 , and L 08  on the same circumference at equal intervals. This luminous flux ring L 1  is formed by arranging eight luminescence sections L 11 , L 12 , L 13 , L 14 , L 15 , L 16 ,  107 , and L 18  on the same circumference at equal intervals. The luminescence section constituting each luminous flux ring consists of light emitting devices, such as LED and LD, and an emanated luminous flux is formed into a parallel luminous flux. 
   In this embodiment, the same function and effect in the case of the first embodiment which consists of the light source  1 , the pinhole plate  2 , the collimator lens  3 , and the chart  4 , can be obtained. 
   In the second embodiment. although two luminous flux rings are arranged in the shape of a concentric circle, the same action and an effect can be obtained even if a luminescence section is arranged as shown in  FIGS. 10 ,  11 , and  12 . 
   According to the present embodiment, since the main coordinates of transmitted luminous flux Z 0  and Z 1  are used for calculation of detected value, variation in each point can be offset and the variation in main coordinates can be made small. That is, the variation in detected value can be suppressed, and high detection resolving power can be realized. By this way, an optical axis adjustment in a small lens unit for which severe optical axis shifting accuracy is required becomes possible, and it can contribute to miniaturization of a lens unit. 
   Next, various examples of composition of a substrate concerning the present invention will be explained. 
     FIG. 15  is a diagram showing an example of composition of the chart as the substrate mentioned above concerning the present invention. 
   The chart  20  shown in  FIG. 15  has a transparent hole T 1  of a ring shape in replace of pinholes P 01 -P 8  of the chart  4 , and has a transparent hole T 1  in replace of pinholes P 11 -P 18  and a transparent hole T 2  of a ring shape arranged at a concentric circle. 
   Here, transparent holes T 1  and T 2  in the chart  20  have the center of gravity position of each hole on the same circumference. 
   By replacing this chart  20  with the chart  4  in  FIG. 4 , and using it, the same function and effect when using the chart  4  can be obtained. 
     FIG. 16  is a diagram showing further other example of composition of the chart as the substrate mentioned above concerning the present invention, and it shows an example of the chart in which the first transparent hole and the second transparent hole are formed by four or more holes. 
   In  FIG. 16 , a chart  21  has eight holes which forms inner transparent holes arranged at a concentric circle of the circumference of the chart  21 , and eight holes which form outer transparent hole sequence arranged at a concentric circle of the circumference of the inner transparent hole sequence. Each hole is formed to have a rectangle shape cross-section as shown in  FIG. 16 . Here, the first transparent hole and the second transparent hole in the chart  21  have the center of gravity position of each hole on the same circumference. 
   When this chart  21  is used by replacing with the chart  4  in  FIG. 4 , two luminous fluxes which have transmitted the chart  21  and become rectangular parallelepiped-shape can be obtained, and accordingly, the same function and effect as case of using the chart  4  can be obtained. 
     FIG. 17  is a diagram showing further other example of composition of a chart as the substrate mentioned above concerning the present invention. 
   It shows an example of a chart equipped with the circumference variable mechanism which can change a magnitude of a circumference of the luminous flux imaged by an imaging apparatus. 
   A chart  22  shown in  FIG. 17  has two or more fixing screws  23 , two or more aperture plates  24  fixed to the chart  22  by tightening each of fixed screws  23  two or more aperture plates  25  which has longer lengthwise than that of the aperture plate  24 . 
   The aperture plate  24  is composed of a thin plate member having an elongated rectangle peripheral profile. It has a hole with rectangular cross-section at the end of a long side direction, and it has a fixing screw hole  29  at the other end of the long side direction. This fixing screw hole  29  is formed in the direction of an elongated side of the aperture plate  24  in long flat elliptical shape, and its width is formed in the almost same width as the diameter of the fixing screw  23 . 
   This aperture plate  24  is arranged on the chart, where a hole of the plate is directed toward the central point of the chart  22 , and the fixing screw hole  29  is directed toward the perimeter of the chart  22 . A magnitude of a circumference of a luminous flux which forms a transparent hole at inside can be changed by moving the aperture plate  24  to a direction shown in  FIG. 17  by arrow marks. 
   An aperture plate  25  is composed of a thin plate member having an elongated rectangle peripheral profile longer than that of the aperture plate  24  in an elongated side direction. This aperture plate  25  has a hole having the same constitution to the rectangle shape hole of the aperture plate  24 , and a fixing screw hole  29  for fixing a screw of the aperture plate  24 , having the same constitution of the fixing screw hole  29  for fixing the screw of the aperture plate  24 . 
   As similar to case of the aperture plate  24 , this aperture plate  25  is arranged at a chart, where a hole of the aperture plate is directed toward a central point of the chart  22 , and a hole for fixing a screw is directed toward the perimeter of the chart  22 . A magnitude of a circumference of the luminous flux which forms an outside transparent hole can be changed by moving the aperture plate  25  in a direction shown in  FIG. 17  by arrow marks. 
   The chart  22  has a hole for fitting loosely (illustration is not shown) of almost equal size of the diameter of the hole for fixing a fixing screw  23  at a position where each fixing screw hole  29  is fixed by the fixing screw at the circumference corresponding to each fixing screw hole  29  of aperture plates  24  and  25 . Moreover, the chart  22  has two or more free spaces (illustration is not shown) corresponding to the position which each hole of aperture plates  24  and  25  can move. 
   For changing a magnitude of the circumference of each transparent hole using the chart  22 , each of aperture plates  24  and  25  is arranged at an arbitrary position on the chart  22 , and each of aperture plates  24  and  25  is fixed on the chart  22  by screwing each fixing screw  23 . 
   By replacing this chart  22  with the chart  4  in  FIG. 4 , and using it the same function and effect when using the chart  4  can be obtained. 
   In addition, the hole for fitting loosely arranged at the chart  22  has a diameter almost equal to the diameter of the fixing screw, and the free space formed in the chart  22  is closed by either of the aperture plates  24  and  25 . Therefore, when a luminous flux is irradiated to the chart  22 , the luminous flux will pass through only a hole which aperture plates  24  and  25  have, and two luminous fluxes required for computing an amount of movement of the lens system  9  will be obtained. 
     FIG. 18  is a diagram showing the composition of the variable hole diameter mechanism which can change a magnitude of each hole about the first transparent hole and the second transparent hole of the charts shown in  FIGS. 16 and 17 . 
   In  FIG. 18 , the transparent hole plate  26  is formed with nearly L shape formed by bending an elongated profile plate component. This transparent hole plate  26  has a transparent hole  30  for a fixing screw  28  which fixes the transparent hole plate  26  and the chart, at a position near to the center of the bending portion. A transparent hole  30  of the transparent hole plate  26  is formed by a flat elliptical shape whose length of the longitudinal direction is shorter than a width of the transparent hole plate, and the width of the transparent hole  30  is formed to have the almost same width as the diameter of the fixing screw  28 . 
   A transparent hole plate  27  is formed with nearly reversed L shape, which is formed by bending an elongated profile plate component similar to the transparent hole plate  26 , toward a reversed direction in case of the transparent hole plate  26 . The transparent hole plate  27  has a transparent hole  30  that is the same to the transparent hole  30  of the transparent hole plate  26  at a position near to the center of the bending portion. 
   A lock hole (illustration is not shown) for locking the fixed screw  28  is arranged on a chart (illustration is not shown) on which transparent hole plates  26  and  27  are arranged. 
   Although transparent hole plates  26  and  27  are locked only by one fixing screw  28  at each bending portion, by a frictional force of a surface where the transparent hole plate  26  and the transparent hole plate  27  touch, and by a frictional force of a surface where the chart and the transparent hole plate  26  touch, the transparent hole plates  26  and  27  are not shifted on the chart. 
   For changing a magnitude of the transparent hole using the transparent hole plates  26  on the chart, the fixing screw  28  which locks the transparent hole plate  26  on the chart is loosed, and the transparent hole plate  26  is moved to a direction of an arrow mark shown at the right-hand side of  FIG. 18 , and the transparent hole plate  26  is fixed to the position of the diameter of a desired transparent hole. For changing a magnitude of the transparent hole using the transparent hole plates  27 , the transparent hole plate  27  is moved to the direction of an arrow mark shown at the left side of  FIG. 18 . Also, by moving both of transparent hole plates  26  and  27  a magnitude of the transparent hole may be adjusted. 
   Here, by a lock hole which the chart has, each of transparent holes  30  of the transparent hole plates  26  and  27 , and two or more fixing screws  28 , a direction which transparent hole plates  26  and  27  can move is restricted to the direction of a diameter of the chart. Therefore each of transparent holes obtained as a result of moving the transparent hole plates  26  and  27  is also located on a concentric circle centering on the main coordinates of the chart. 
   Thus, by moving the transparent hole plates  26  and  27 , while holding each transparent hole at a position on a shape of a concentric circle centering on main coordinates, a size of a transparent hole shown in  FIG. 16  or  17  can be changed. 
   According to the present invention, luminous fluxes which transmitted two transparent hole sequences (or luminous fluxes which emanated from the light source) are irradiated to a lens system to be adjusted. The transmitted luminous fluxes are observed and the main coordinates of two luminous fluxes are used for calculation of detected value. The main coordinates of two luminous fluxes is calculated by taking a total of the coordinate of each luminous flux which transmitted the transparent hole and using average of the total value. Thereby, a variation in each luminous flux is offset and a variation in the main coordinates can be made small compared with a variation in one luminous flux. 
   That is, according to the present invention, the variation in the detected value is suppressed, and high detection resolving power can be realized. By this, an optical axis adjustment in a small lens unit for which severe optical axis shifting accuracy is required becomes possible, and it can contribute to the miniaturization of a lens unit. 
   Further, an processing accuracy (a degree of alignment which aligns with sufficient accuracy on a circumference, concentricity of two transparent holes, etc.) of a transparent hole arranged on a substrate influences directly to a accuracy of the detected value. Accordingly, the substrate is produced by photo etching-pattern evaporation by paying attention to the fact that photo etching-pattern evaporation has about a double figure in processing accuracy than that of a normal metal working process. Consequently, a processing accuracy of a substrate can be improved and the accuracy of the detected value of a lens system to be adjusted can be improved. 
   Furthermore, it is constituted that a size of a circumference of luminous flux by the first transparent hole and a size of a circumference of luminous flux by the second transparent hole can be adjusted freely by a circumference variable mechanism. Therefore, a size of circumference of the transparent hole can be set to a circumference which is fitted to an optical property of the lens system to be adjusted, which is used as an object for adjustment. That is, it becomes unnecessary to change a substrate for every lens system to be adjusted.