Abstract:
A communication device for handling communication operations in a licensed frequency band and an unlicensed frequency band comprises a storage unit for storing instructions and a processing means coupled to the storage unit. The instructions comprise performing a first communication operation on a first carrier in a first unlicensed frequency band; receiving a message from a network for indicating the communication device to perform a second communication operation with the network on a second carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band; and switching the first communication operation from the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band to a third carrier in a second unlicensed frequency band. The processing means is configured to execute the instructions stored in the storage unit.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/030,090, filed on Jul. 29, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0003]    The present invention relates to a communication device and a method used in a wireless communication system and related communication device, and more particularly, to a communication device and method of handling communication operations in a licensed frequency band and an unlicensed frequency band in a wireless communication system. 
         [0004]    2. Description of the Prior Art 
         [0005]    A long-term evolution (LTE) system developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is a successor of the universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) for further enhancing performance of the UMTS to satisfy increasing needs of data transmission. The LTE system includes a new radio interface and a new radio network architecture that provides high data rate, low latency, packet optimization, and improved system capacity and coverage. In the LTE system, a radio access network known as an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) includes multiple evolved Node-Bs (eNBs) for communicating with multiple user equipments (UEs), and for communicating with a core network including a mobility management entity (MME), a serving gateway, etc., for Non-Access Stratum (NAS) control. 
         [0006]    In general, WiFi transmission and WiFi reception may be performed on a carrier in an unlicensed frequency band. On the other hand, in the LTE system, the UE may perform a UL transmission and/or a downlink (DL) reception with the network in a licensed frequency band. 
         [0007]    In order to ease load of network traffic in the LTE system, network operators offload part of the network traffic to the unlicensed frequency band by deploying a large amount of WiFi Access Points (APs). However, deploying numerous WiFi APs may not always achieve expected network performance improvement. It is preferable that a communication interfacing unit of the communication device in the LTE system can operate the UL transmission and/or the DL reception in the unlicensed frequency band. 
         [0008]    However, when the LTE system is allowed to operate in an unlicensed frequency, the transmissions/receptions from the LTE system and other technologies (e.g., WiFi and Bluetooth) may interfere with each other as they are all in the same unlicensed frequency. Hence, how to handle the communication operations in the licensed frequency band and the unlicensed frequency band for a communication device in the LTE system is an important topic to be discussed. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0009]    The present invention therefore provides a communication device and a method for handling communication operations in a licensed frequency band and an unlicensed frequency band to solve the abovementioned problem. 
         [0010]    A communication device for handling communication operations in a licensed frequency band and an unlicensed frequency band comprises a storage unit for storing instructions and a processing means coupled to the storage unit. The instructions comprise performing a first communication operation on a first carrier in a first unlicensed frequency band; receiving a message from a network for indicating the communication device to perform a second communication operation with the network on a second carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band; and switching the first communication operation from the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band to a third carrier in a second unlicensed frequency band. The processing means is configured to execute the instructions stored in the storage unit. 
         [0011]    A communication device for handling communication operations in a licensed frequency band and an unlicensed frequency band comprises a storage unit for storing instructions and a processing means coupled to the storage unit. The instructions comprise performing a first communication operation with a network on a first carrier in a first unlicensed frequency band; and activating a second communication operation on a second carrier which is not adjacent to the first carrier while performing the first communication operation with the network on the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band. The processing means is configured to execute the instructions stored in the storage unit. 
         [0012]    A network for handling communication operations in a licensed frequency band and an unlicensed frequency band comprises a storage unit for storing instructions and a processing means coupled to the storage unit. The instructions comprise configuring a communication device to perform a first communication operation on a first carrier in a first unlicensed frequency band; receiving a first message transmitted by the communication device, wherein the first message indicates that a second communication operation is activated in the first unlicensed frequency band; and transmitting a second message to indicate the communication device to release the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band according to the first message. The processing means is configured to execute the instructions stored in the storage unit. 
         [0013]    These and other objectives of the present invention will no doubt become obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment that is illustrated in the various figures and drawings. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0014]      FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system according to an example of the present invention. 
           [0015]      FIG. 2  is a schematic diagram of communication operations between a communication device and the network according to an example of the present invention. 
           [0016]      FIG. 3  is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an example of the present invention. 
           [0017]      FIG. 4  is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an example of the present invention. 
           [0018]      FIG. 5  is a flowchart of a process according to an example of the present example. 
           [0019]      FIG. 6  is a flowchart of a process according to an example of the present example. 
           [0020]      FIG. 7  is a schematic diagram of selection of a carrier for transmitting WiFi signals according to an example of the present invention. 
           [0021]      FIG. 8  is a flowchart of a process  90  according to an example of the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0022]    Please refer to  FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system  10  according to an example of the present invention. The wireless communication system  10  is briefly composed of a network  100 , a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)  102  and a communication device  104 . The wireless communication system  10  may support a time-division duplexing (TDD) mode, a frequency-division duplexing (FDD) mode or a TDD-FDD joint operation mode. That is, the network and the communication device may communicate with each other via FDD carrier (s) and/or TDD carrier (s). In addition, the wireless communication system  10  may support a carrier aggregation (CA). That is, the network and the communication device may communicate with each other via multiple cells (e.g., multiple carriers) including a primary cell (e.g., primary component carrier (PCC)) and one or more secondary cells (e.g., secondary component carriers (SCCs)). 
         [0023]    In  FIG. 1 , the network  100 , the WLAN  102  and the communication device  104  are simply utilized for illustrating the structure of the wireless communication system  10 . Practically, the network  100  (e.g., cellular network) can be a universal terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN) comprising a plurality of Node-Bs (NBs) in a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS). In another example, the network  100  can be an evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN) comprising a plurality of evolved NBs (eNBs) in a long term evolution (LTE) system. The WiFi standard operated by the WLAN  102  may include 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b and 802.11a operated in 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz spectrum (e.g., band). 
         [0024]    The communication device  104  can be a user equipment (UE), a low cost device (e.g., machine type communication (MTC) device), a device-to-device (D2D) device, a mobile phone, a laptop, a tablet computer, an electronic book, a portable computer system, a car, a ship, an airplane or combination thereof. 
         [0025]    Please refer to  FIG. 2 , which is a schematic diagram of communication operations between a communication device and the network according to an example of the present invention. The communication device may be a communication device  104  shown in  FIG. 1 , but is not limited herein. The network may configure the communication device a first DL component carrier (CC) in a licensed frequency band and a second DL CC in an unlicensed frequency band for performing a DL communication operation. In addition, the network also may configure the communication device a UL CC in the licensed frequency band for performing a UL communication operation. The first DL CC and the UL CC may be the same CC in the TDD mode. The UL CC and the first DL CC are different CCs in the FDD mode. The second DL CC may be a TDD CC or a FDD CC. 
         [0026]    Please refer to  FIG. 3 , which is a schematic diagram of a communication device  30  according to an example of the present invention. The communication device  30  may be used in the network  100 , the WLAN  102  or the communication device  104  shown in  FIG. 1 , but is not limited herein. The communication device  30  may include a processing means  300  which includes one or more than one microprocessor or Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a storage unit  310  and a communication interfacing unit  320 . The storage unit  310  may be any data storage device that may store a program code  314 , accessed and executed by the processing means  300 . Examples of the storage unit  310  include but are not limited to a subscriber identity module (SIM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, random-access memory (RAM), non-volatile storage unit, non-transitory computer-readable medium (e.g., tangible media), etc. The communication interfacing unit  320  is preferably a transceiver and is used to transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, signals, messages and/or packets) according to processing results of the processing means  300 . 
         [0027]    In order to utilize the unlicensed frequency band in the LTE system, the LTE air interface may be upgraded to operate in the unlicensed frequency band, please refer to  FIG. 4 .  FIG. 4  is a schematic diagram of a communication device  40  according to an example of the present invention. The communication device  40  may be used in the network  100 , the WLAN  102  or the communication device  104  shown in  FIG. 1 , but is not limited herein. The communication device  40  may include a processing means  400  which includes one or more than one microprocessor or ASIC, a storage unit  410 , a communication interfacing unit  420  and a WiFi communication interfacing unit  430 . The storage unit  410  may be any data storage device that may store a program code  414 , accessed and executed by the processing means  400 . The communication interfacing unit  420  or WiFi communication interfacing unit  430  is preferably a transceiver and is used to transmit and receive signals according to processing results of the processing means  400 . 
         [0028]    In one example, the processing means  400  may include two microprocessors. The communication interfacing unit  420  is used to transmit and receive LTE signals according to process results of one microprocessor and the WiFi communication interfacing unit  430  is used to transmit and receive the signals according to process results of the other microprocessor. 
         [0029]      FIG. 5  is a flowchart of a process  50  according to an example of the present invention. The process  50  may be utilized in a communication device (e.g., the communication device  104  in  FIG. 1 ), to handle communication operations in a licensed frequency band and an unlicensed frequency band. The process  50  may be compiled into the program code  314  and/or  414 , and includes the following steps: 
         [0030]    Step  500 : Start. 
         [0031]    Step  502 : Perform a first communication operation on a first carrier in a first unlicensed frequency band. 
         [0032]    Step  504 : Receive a message from a network for indicating the communication device to perform a second communication operation with the network on a second carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band. 
         [0033]    Step  506 : Switch the first communication operation from the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band to a third carrier in a second unlicensed frequency band. 
         [0034]    Step  508 : End. 
         [0035]    According to the process  50 , the communication device may perform a first communication operation on a first carrier in a first unlicensed frequency band. The communication device may receive a message from a network for indicating the communication device to perform a second communication operation with the network on a second carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band. The communication device may switch the first communication operation from the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band to a third carrier in a second unlicensed frequency band. 
         [0036]    That is, the communication device may first perform the first communication operation on the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band. Next, the communication device may perform the first communication operation on the third carrier in the second unlicensed frequency band instead of the first unlicensed frequency band, after the network configures the communication device to perform the second communication operation with the network on the second carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band. The communication device performs the first communication operation on the third carrier in the second unlicensed frequency band simultaneously while the communication device performs the second communication operation on the second carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band. Thus, the first communication operation and the second communication operation are not interfered with each other in the same frequency band. 
         [0037]    In one example, the communication device in the process  50  may perform a third communication operation on a fourth carrier in the licensed frequency band. The second carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band and the fourth carrier in the licensed frequency band may be component carriers of a cellular system (e.g., LTE system). Further, the first communication operation may include a WiFi transmission or a WiFi reception. The second communication operation and the third communication operation may include a UL transmission or a DL reception of the cellular system (e.g., LTE system). The first unlicensed frequency band and the second unlicensed frequency band may be at different frequency bands. 
         [0038]    According to the above description, an example is illustrated as below. At the beginning, the communication device may perform the third communication operation (e.g., UL transmission or DL reception of the cellular system (e.g., LTE system)) with the network on the fourth carrier (e.g., a component carrier) in the licensed frequency band, and may perform the first communication operation (e.g., WiFi transmission or WiFi reception) with a WiFi Access Point (AP) on the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band (e.g., 5 GHz). Then, the network may configure the communication device to perform the second communication operation (e.g., UL transmission or DL reception of the cellular system (e.g., LTE system)) on the second carrier (e.g., a component carrier) in the first unlicensed frequency band, by transmitting the message (e.g., RRC message, such as RRCConnectionReconfiguration message) to the communication device. 
         [0039]    That is, the communication device may be configured to aggregate the second carrier and the fourth carrier in a same eNB (e.g., carrier aggregation) or different eNBs (e.g., dual connectivity). In this situation, in order not to interfere with the second communication operation (e.g., UL transmission or DL reception of the cellular system (e.g., LTE system)) in the first unlicensed frequency band, the communication device may switch the first communication operation (e.g., WiFi transmission or WiFi reception) from the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band (e.g., 5 GHz) to the third carrier in the second unlicensed frequency band (e.g., 2.4 GHz). 
         [0040]    As a result, according to the above description, interference between the communication operations in the licensed frequency band and the unlicensed frequency band are solved, by switching the communication operation (e.g., the WiFi transmission or the WiFi reception) from the original unlicensed frequency band to another unlicensed frequency band. 
         [0041]      FIG. 6  is a flowchart of a process  60  according to an example of the present invention. The process  60  may be utilized in a communication device (e.g., the communication device  104  in  FIG. 1 ), to handle communication operations in a licensed frequency band and an unlicensed frequency band. The process  60  may be compiled into the program code  314  and/or  414 , and includes the following steps: 
         [0042]    Step  600 : Start. 
         [0043]    Step  602 : Perform a first communication operation with a network on a first carrier in a first unlicensed frequency band. 
         [0044]    Step  604 : Activate a second communication operation on a second carrier which is not adjacent to the first carrier while performing the first communication operation with the network on the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band. 
         [0045]    Step  606 : End. 
         [0046]    According to the process  60 , the communication device may perform a first communication operation with a network on a first carrier in a first unlicensed frequency band. Then, the communication device may activate a second communication operation on a second carrier which is not adjacent to the first carrier while performing the first communication operation with the network on the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band. In order to respond to the activation, the communication device shall select the second carrier which is not adjacent to the first carrier to activate the second communication operation, if the network configures the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band to the communication device to perform the first communication operation with the network. That is, the communication device does not activate the second communication on the first carrier while performing the first communication operation with the network on the first carrier. Thus, the first communication operation and the second communication operation are not interfered with each other. 
         [0047]    In one example, the communication device may perform a third communication operation with the network on a third carrier in a licensed frequency band. In one example, the first carrier and the third carrier may be component carriers of the cellular system (e.g., LTE system). In one example, the first communication operation and the third communication operation may include a UL transmission or a DL reception of the cellular system (e.g., LTE system). The second communication operation may include a WiFi transmission or a WiFi reception. Further, in one example, the second carrier is in a second unlicensed frequency band and the first unlicensed frequency band and the second unlicensed frequency band may be in different unlicensed frequency bands. The communication device does not activate the second communication in the first unlicensed frequency band while performing the first communication operation with the network on the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band. In another example, the first carrier and the second carrier are in the first unlicensed frequency band and are not overlapped with a gap between them in the band. 
         [0048]    According to the above description, an example is illustrated as follows. At the beginning, the communication device may perform the third communication operation (e.g., UL transmission or DL reception of the cellular system (e.g., LTE system)) with the network on the third carrier (e.g., a component carrier) in the licensed frequency band. Then, the network may configure the communication device to perform the first communication operation (e.g., UL transmission or DL reception of the cellular system (e.g., LTE system)) on the first carrier (e.g., a component carrier) in the first unlicensed frequency band (e.g., 5 GHZ) by transmitting a message (e.g., RRC message, such as RRCConnectionReconfiguration message) to the communication device on the third carrier or on a fourth carrier in the licensed frequency band. 
         [0049]    That is, the communication device may be configured to aggregate the first carrier and the third carrier in a same eNB (e.g., carrier aggregation) or different eNBs (e.g., dual connectivity). In this situation, in order not to interfere with the first communication operation (e.g., UL transmission or DL reception of the cellular system (e.g., LTE system)) on the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band (e.g., 5 GHz), the communication device may select the second carrier in the second unlicensed frequency band (e.g., 2.4 GHz) to activate the second communication operation (e.g., WiFi transmission or WiFi reception) with a WiFi AP. When the communication device is not configured to aggregate any component carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band, the communication device may select the first carrier or another carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band to activate the second communication operation. 
         [0050]    Ideally, as long as there is a gap between the first carrier and the second carrier, the first and the second carriers can be in the first unlicensed frequency band. The width of the gap is in general related to (e.g., inverse proportional to) the magnitude of the interference between the first carrier and the second carrier. 
         [0051]      FIG. 7  is a schematic diagram of selection of a carrier for transmitting WiFi signals according to an example of the present invention. In  FIG. 7 , the bandwidth of a carrier CarrierA, a carrier CarrierB, a carrier CarrierC and a carrier CarrierD are the same (e.g., 20 MHz) in an unlicensed frequency band (e.g., the first unlicensed frequency band in process  60 ). At the beginning, the network may configure the carrier CarrierD or part of the carrier CarrierD to the communication device to perform a first communication operation (e.g., UL transmission or DL reception of the cellular system (e.g., LTE system)). In this situation, the communication device may only select one of the carrier CarrierA, the carrier CarrierB, and the carrier CarrierC to activate a second communication operation (e.g., WiFi transmission or WiFi reception). In order to reduce interference between the selected carrier (e.g., carrier CarrierA, carrier CarrierB or carrier CarrierC) and the carrier CarrierD, the communication device preferably selects the carrier CarrierA for performing the second communication operation (e.g., WiFi transmission or WiFi reception) according to the definition of the width of the gap. 
         [0052]    As a result, according to the above description, interference between the communication operations in the licensed frequency band and the unlicensed frequency band are solved, by activating the WiFi transmission (or the WiFi reception) on one carrier which differs from (e.g., not overlapped) another carrier configured with the UL transmission (or the DL reception). 
         [0053]      FIG. 8  is a flowchart of a process  80  according to an example of the present invention. The process  80  may be utilized in a network (e.g., the network  100  in  FIG. 1 ), to handle communication operations in a licensed frequency band and an unlicensed frequency band. The process  80  may be compiled into the program code  314  or  414 , and includes the following steps: 
         [0054]    Step  800 : Start. 
         [0055]    Step  802 : Configure a communication device to perform a first communication operation on a first carrier in a first unlicensed frequency band. 
         [0056]    Step  804 : Receive a first message transmitted by the communication device, wherein the first message indicates that a second communication operation is activated in the first unlicensed frequency band. 
         [0057]    Step  806 : Transmit a second message to indicate the communication device to release the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band according to the first message. 
         [0058]    Step  808 : End. 
         [0059]    According to the process  80 , the network may configure a communication device to perform a first communication operation on a first carrier in a first unlicensed frequency band. Then, the network may receive a first message transmitted by the communication device, wherein the first message indicates that a second communication operation is activated in the first unlicensed frequency band. Next, the network may reconfigure the communication device to stop the first communication operation on the first carrier according to the first message. Thus, the network may transmit a second message to indicate the communication device to release the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band according to (e.g., in response to) the first message. The network may stop the first communication operation on the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band when receiving the first message. That is, the network may change its decision regarding an allocation of the first carrier according to a notification from the communication device, to avoid interference between the communication operations. 
         [0060]    In other words, the communication device may transmit the first message to the network for indicating that the second communication operation has been activated in the first unlicensed frequency band, if the second communication operation is activated during the first communication operation in the first unlicensed frequency band. Next, the network may decide to release the first communication operation to avoid the interference between the communication operations in the first unlicensed frequency band after receiving the first message. The communication device may release the first carrier after receiving the second message transmitted by the network according to the decision. Thus, the second communication operation is not interfered by the first communication operation in the same frequency band. 
         [0061]    In one example, the network may configure the communication device to perform a third communication operation with the network on a second carrier in a licensed frequency band. In one example, the first communication operation may include a UL transmission or a DL reception of the cellular system (e.g., LTE system). The second communication operation may include a WiFi transmission or a WiFi reception. In one example, the first carrier and the second carrier may be component carriers of the cellular system (e.g., LTE system). In one example, the first message may include a WiFi channel number or information of the first unlicensed frequency band, and the second message transmitted by the network may indicate the communication device to perform the first communication operation with the network on a third carrier in a second unlicensed frequency band. 
         [0062]    According to the above description, an example is illustrated as follows. At the beginning, the network may configure the communication device to perform the first communication operation (e.g., UL transmission or DL reception of the cellular system (e.g., LTE system)) on the first carrier (e.g., a component carrier) in the first unlicensed frequency band and the third communication operation (e.g., UL transmission or DL reception of the cellular system (e.g., LTE system)) on the second carrier (e.g., a component carrier) in the licensed frequency band. Next, the network may receive the first message (e.g., RRC message such as UEAssistanceInformation message, InDeviceCoexIndication message, or newly defined RRC message or Medium Access Control control element) transmitted by the communication device, for indicating that the second communication operation (e.g., WiFi transmission or WiFi reception) has been activated in the first unlicensed frequency band. After receiving the first message, the network may determine to reconfigure the communication device to stop the first communication operation on the first carrier and then may transmit the second message (e.g., RRC message such as RRCConnectionReconfiguration message) to the communication device for indicating to release the first carrier. In addition, the second message may or may not further configure (e.g., indicate) the communication device to perform the first communication operation with the network on a third carrier (e.g., a component carrier) in a second unlicensed frequency band. The first message may include carrier information suggesting the third carrier for the first communication operation. 
         [0063]    In another example, the network may transmit a third message (e.g., RRC message such as RRCConnectionReconfiguration message) to the communication device for configuring (e.g., indicating) the communication device to perform the first communication operation with the network on a fourth carrier in a third unlicensed frequency band. The second unlicensed frequency band and the third unlicensed frequency band may be the same unlicensed frequency band. Further, the third carrier and the fourth carrier may be the same carrier, if the second unlicensed frequency band and the third unlicensed frequency band are the same unlicensed frequency band. 
         [0064]    In one example, the network may further receive a fourth message (e.g., RRC message such as UEAssistanceInformation message, InDeviceCoexIndication message, or newly defined RRC message or Medium Access Control (MAC) control element) transmitted by the communication device for indicating the second communication operation to be deactivated in the first unlicensed frequency band. Then, the network may transmit a fifth message (e.g., RRC message such as RRCConnectionReconfiguration message) to the communication device, for indicating the communication device to perform the first communication operation on the first carrier or a fifth carrier (e.g., a component carrier) in the first unlicensed frequency band, after receiving the fourth message. In addition, the first carrier and the fifth carrier may be component carriers. 
         [0065]    As a result, according to the above description, interference between the communication operations in the licensed frequency band and the unlicensed frequency band are solved, by stopping to configure the UL transmission (or the DL reception) of the cellular system (e.g., LTE system) in the first unlicensed frequency band, or by reconfiguring the UL transmission (or the DL reception) of the cellular system (e.g., LTE system) in the second unlicensed frequency band which differs from the first unlicensed frequency band configured with the WiFi transmission (or the WiFi reception). 
         [0066]    Those skilled in the art should readily make combinations, modifications and/or alterations on the abovementioned description and examples. The abovementioned description, steps and/or processes including suggested steps can be realized by means that could be hardware, software, firmware (known as a combination of a hardware device and computer instructions and data that reside as read-only software on the hardware device), an electronic system, or combination thereof. An example of the means may be the communication device  30  or  40 . The LTE system may be changed to another cellular system such as a UMTS or a 5G system. 
         [0067]    To sum up, the present invention provides a method for handing communication operations in a licensed frequency band and an unlicensed frequency band. According to the present invention, a communication device and a network are able to perform the communication operations to avoid the interference effect between carriers in the licensed frequency band. Thus, the problem that the interference exists between the communication operations is solved. 
         [0068]    Those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerous modifications and alterations of the device and method may be made while retaining the teachings of the invention. Accordingly, the above disclosure should be construed as limited only by the metes and bounds of the appended claims.