Abstract:
A display interface at a sending/receiving display terminal including the conventional implementations for reading and sending E-Mail with an implementation for organizing the text content of a chronological sequence of E-Mail documents having the same subject identifier or header. There is designated a subject identifier of one received electronic mail as a message text sequencer and there is an implementation at a receiving display station for enabling the display of a chronological sequence of the text of said received message and the text of all subsequent messages having said designated subject identifier. The designation of the identifier may automatically designate a subject identifier as a message text sequencer based upon user predetermined attributes. Such an implementation for automatically designating may include the combination of means for counting the number of messages having the same subject identifier within a predetermined period in combination with means for automatically designating the same subject identifier when said counted number reaches a predetermined value. In its simplest application, the predetermined value may be two, e.g. even two consecutive messages.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD  
         [0001]    The present invention relates to computer managed communication networks, such as the World Wide Web (Web) or like private networks, and particularly to electronic mail (E-Mail) messages transmitted over such networks to display terminals.  
         BACKGROUND OF RELATED ART  
         [0002]    The past decade has been marked by a technological revolution driven by the convergence of the data processing industry with the consumer electronics industry. The effect has, in turn, driven technologies that have been known and available but relatively quiescent over the years. A major one of these technologies is the Internet or Web related distribution of documents. The Web or Internet, which had quietly existed for over a generation as a loose academic and government data distribution facility, reached “critical mass” and commenced a period of phenomenal expansion. With this expansion, businesses and consumers have direct access to all matter of documents and media through the Web. Also, as a result of the rapid expansion of the Web, E-Mail, which has been distributed for over 25 years over smaller private and specific purpose networks, has moved into distribution over the Web due to the vast distribution channels that are available.  
           [0003]    The availability of extensive E-Mail distribution channels has made it possible to keep all necessary parties in business, government and public organizations completely informed of all transactions that they need to know about at almost nominal costs. However, there can be too much of a good thing. The availability of cheap E-Mail has led to an undesirable proliferation of E-Mail that many executive, management, professional and technical individuals are forced to handle. Our concern for this proliferation of E-Mail is not directed to conventional junk mail, i.e. E-Mail with subject matter in which the receiver has little or no interest. There are currently available a variety of application programs by which the user may filter out undesirable junk mail through the application of selected criteria appropriate to the user.  
           [0004]    The E-Mail subject matter creating the proliferation problem to which the present invention is directed is often subject matter of great interest to the parties receiving copies or forwards of the E-Mail documents. However, problems arise when there is an exchange of E-Mail related to the same subject that may involve reply after reply or copy after copy of reply after reply. Particularly, when there are several people being copied and a thread of several E-Mails related to the subject at hand, it is sometimes quite bothersome to try to determine who received what. With the ability to attach all past E-Mail correspondence at the user&#39;s fingertips, it is frequently the case that the whole historical thread of documents is attached to each new E-Mail message even though the message may just be a couple of lines in length.  
           [0005]    As a result, it may often be the case that an E-Mail user may find himself in a situation where a thread of E-Mail documents with a thread of ten or twelve lines of meaningful text may have to process and store ten or more times that amount of data because of superfluous attaching.  
           [0006]    The conventional art does provide lists of the subject identifiers, e.g. headers of received E-Mail, as well as lists of headers of sent E-Mail. Also, these may be chronologically coordinated in an all E-Mail or all documents list or view. In addition, Lotus Notes™ will even cull out from its “All Documents”, lists chronologically listing the headers of a thread of E-Mail documents with the same headers. However, the user must run through the thread and pull up and view each document in the thread one by one including all of the attachments to the documents.  
         SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION  
         [0007]    The present invention provides an electronic mail distribution system for a network, e.g. Internet E-Mail transmitted between interactive display terminals. The invention offers a solution to the above problems by providing a display interface at a sending/receiving display terminal including the conventional implementations for reading and sending E-Mail. In addition, the invention provides the user with means for organizing the text content of a chronological sequence of E-Mail documents having the same subject identifier or header that is intuitive, easy to follow and avoids the clutter of repetitive attachments from the thread of correspondence history that is distracting and confusing. The invention also enables the user to selectively eliminate the storage of most of this repetitive document correspondence history to thereby conserve valuable storage capacity.  
           [0008]    Thus, in communication networks such as the Web, the present invention operates in an environment combining means for transmitting electronic mail messages to receiving display stations, means for including a subject identifier, e.g. header in each transmitted message, and means at the receiving display stations for displaying a list of the subject identifiers of received electronic mail messages. The invention then provides the further combination of means for designating a subject identifier of one received electronic mail as a message text sequencer, and means at the receiving display station for enabling the display of a chronological sequence of the text of said received message and the text of all subsequent messages having said designated subject identifier.  
           [0009]    The implementation may enable the user himself to interactively designate an identifier as a message text sequencer. Alternatively, the means for designating the identifier may automatically designate a subject identifier as a message text sequencer based upon user predetermined attributes. Such means for automatically designating may include the combination of means counting the number of messages having the same subject identifier within a predetermined period in combination with means for automatically designating the same subject identifier when said counted number reaches a predetermined value. In its simplest application, the predetermined value may be two, e.g. even two consecutive messages.  
           [0010]    In one embodiment of the invention, there are means for listing said message text sequencers in said list of subject identifiers or headers of the subject identifier or header for said chronological sequence of text.  
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0011]    The present invention will be better understood and its numerous objects and advantages will become more apparent to those skilled in the art by reference to the following drawings, in conjunction with the accompanying specification, in which:  
         [0012]    [0012]FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a data processing system including a central processing unit and network connections via a communications adapter that is capable of implementing the interactive display terminals, as well as servers in the Internet or Web E-Mail distribution of this invention;  
         [0013]    [0013]FIG. 2 is a generalized view of an E-Mail distribution system in a Web or Internet that may be used in the practice of the present invention;  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of an interactive display interface used for the listing of the subject identifiers or headers of received or sent E-Mail (in this case, the list shown in an All Documents view that is a chronological list of all sent and received E-Mail);  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 4 is the display interface of FIG. 3 after one of the listed headers has been designated as a message text sequencer header;  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 5 is a display interface like that of FIG. 4 but of an alternative embodiment wherein the same headers of the chronological sequence of E-Mails the text of each of which has been already incorporated into a message text sequencer are still listed in indented form;  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic illustration of a message text sequencer document, e.g. as represented by the message text sequencer header;  
         [0018]    [0018]FIG. 7 is an illustrative flowchart describing the setting up of the functions to form message text sequences in accordance with the present invention; and  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 8 is a flowchart of an illustrative run of the program set up according to FIG. 7. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
       [0020]    Referring to FIG. 1, a typical data processing system is shown that may function as the computer controlled network terminals or Web stations used conventionally as any of the sending or receiving Web stations for electronic mail transmission. The system shown is also illustrative of any of the server computers used for the Web E-Mail distribution to be described in greater detail with respect to FIG. 2.  
         [0021]    A central processing unit (CPU)  10 , may be one of the commercial microprocessors in personal computers available from International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) or Dell Corporation; when the system shown is used as a server computer at the Web distribution site to be subsequently described, then a workstation is preferably used, e.g. RISC System/6000™(RS/6000) series available from IBM. The CPU is interconnected to various other components by system bus  12 . An operating system  41  runs on CPU  10 , provides control and is used to coordinate the function of the various components of FIG. 1. Operating system  41  may be one of the commercially available operating systems such as the AIX  600 T™ operating system available from IBM; Microsoft&#39;s Windows XP™ or Windows2000™, as well as UNIX and AIX operating systems. Application programs  40 , controlled by the system, are moved into and out of the main memory Random Access Memory (RAM)  14 . These programs include the programs of the present invention for enabling senders of E-Mail documents to set up a process for designating headers as message text sequencers and the setting up of message text sequence documents represented by such headers. Where the computer system shown functions as the receiving Web station, then any conventional Web browser application program, such as the Microsoft&#39;s Internet Explorer™, will be available for accessing E-Mail from the Web and for sending E-Mail to the Web from the network station. A Read Only Memory (ROM)  16  is connected to CPU  10  via bus  12  and includes the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) that controls the basic computer functions. RAM  14 , I/O adapter  18  and communications adapter  34  are also interconnected to system bus  12 . I/O adapter  18  communicates with the disk storage device  20 . Communications adapter  34  interconnects bus  12  with the outside network enabling the computer system to communicate with other such computers over the Web or Internet. The latter two terms are meant to be generally interchangeable and are so used in the present description of the distribution network. I/O devices are also connected to system bus  12  via user interface adapter  22  and display adapter  36 . Keyboard  24  and mouse  26  are all interconnected to bus  12  through user interface adapter  22 . It is through such input devices that the user at a receiving station may interactively relate to the Web in order to access Web documents. Display adapter  36  includes a frame buffer  39  that is a storage device that holds a representation of each pixel on the display screen  38 . Images may be stored in frame buffer  39  for display on monitor  38  through various components, such as a digital to analog converter (not shown) and the like. By using the aforementioned I/O devices, a user is capable of inputting information to the system through the keyboard  24  or mouse  26  and receiving output information from the system via display  38 .  
         [0022]    Before going further into the details of specific embodiments, it will be helpful to understand from a more general perspective the various elements and methods that may be related to the present invention. Since a major aspect of the present invention is directed to E-Mail documents transmitted over networks, an understanding of networks and their operating principles would be helpful. We will not go into great detail in describing the networks to which the present invention is applicable. Reference has also been made to the applicability of the present invention to a global network, such as the Internet or Web. For details on Internet nodes, objects and links, reference is made to the text,  Mastering the Internet , G. H. Cady et al., published by Sybex Inc., Alameda, Calif., 1996. The Internet or Web is a global network of a heterogeneous mix of computer technologies and operating systems. Higher level objects are linked to the lower level objects in the hierarchy through a variety of network server computers. E-Mail is distributed through such a network.  
         [0023]    A generalized diagram of a portion of the Web for illustration of the E-Mail distribution system of the present invention is shown in FIG. 2. The computer controlled display terminals  11  and  13  have displays  57  upon which E-Mail documents  56  may be created by senders and displayed. Terminals  11  and  15  may be implemented by the computer system set up in FIG. 1, and connection  58  (FIG. 2) is the network connection shown in FIG. 1. For purposes of the present embodiment, terminals  11  and  13  serve as a Web display station for the sending of E-Mail via the display interfaces to be described with respect to FIGS. 3 through 6 via Web browser programs. Reference may be made to the above-mentioned  Mastering the Internet , pp. 136-147, for typical connections between local display stations to the Web via network servers, any of which may be used to implement the system on which this invention is used. In the typical set up shown, terminals are connected via, let us say, host dial connections (not shown) to server  45  provided by a Web Service Provider that in turn accesses the Web  50  via connection  51  to a Web access server  53  and connection  61 . For the purpose of this embodiment, E-Mail is created on either terminal  11  or  13  and sent over the Web  50  to receiving terminals  15 ,  19  or  21 .  
         [0024]    Within this E-Mail network set up, we will now consider the illustrative E-Mail distribution to be described with respect to FIGS. 3 through 6. In FIG. 3, there is illustrated a listing panel  70  listing the subject identifiers or headers of recent E-Mail in a chronological order by date  72 , subject  73  or header, and who  71  it was sent to or received from. These are conventional interactive E-Mail list panels or screens that may list either sent or received E-Mail or, as in the present illustration, both received and sent E-Mail documents are listed together in an “All Documents” listing mode as implemented in Lotus Notes™. This mode was entered into by clicking on item  74  with an interactive pointing device, e.g. mouse (not shown), and is indicated in title bar  79 . This is all of J. Kraft&#39;s E-Mail with sent mail being indicated by a&gt;76 next to the name. As mentioned previously, the E-Mail text sequence mode may be initiated automatically or by the user. In the present example, the user notes that the header “Planning Meeting” identifies five E-Mail messages. As a result, the user decides to activate the text sequencer mode and points to and clicks on the uppermost entry on the list with a “Planning Meeting” header and then clicks on item  69  “Header Sequencer”. This action designates that header as the text sequencer header  77  shown in bold print to indicate that it is highlighted in the next panel shown in FIG. 4. All of the other individual E-Mail documents listed in list  75  with the header “Planning Meeting” have been removed and the text of such documents incorporated into a single displayable text sequence document to be subsequently described in greater detail with respect to FIG. 6. It should be noted that the text sequence document of FIG. 6 may be brought up simply by clicking on header  77 .  
         [0025]    Accordingly, instead of having to rummage through several of the documents having their five separate “Planning Meeting” headers of FIG. 3, the user in FIG. 6 has J. Kraft&#39;s Text Sequencer—Text Thread  89  listed in chronological order under header  87  on panel  80  with a thread  81  of the text contents  82  in each of the E-Mails with the text from a sent E-Mail being distinguished by a&gt;86 from the text of a received E-Mail.  
         [0026]    If the user wishes to save storage space, he may delete all of the five “Planning Meeting” notes and their attachments and just rely on the text sequence document of FIG. 6 as represented by designated text sequence header  77  in FIG. 4. On the other hand, there may be circumstances where the user chooses not to discard the notes in which the content has been incorporated into a text sequence document. In such a case, the display interface may be set up with a text sequence item  89  (FIGS. 3 and 4) that permits the user to toggle between the shortened list in FIG. 4 and the full original header list of FIG. 3 by simply clicking on item  89 .  
         [0027]    In addition, where the user wishes to retain rather than discard the notes the content of which has been incorporated into a text sequence document, an interface such as that shown in FIG. 5 may be presented to the user. From this panel  70 , the user may click on highlighted designated text sequence header  77  to access the text sequence document of FIG. 6 as represented by designated text sequence header  77  or he may still click on any of the five individual E-Mail headers  78  to access each of the individual E-Mail documents.  
         [0028]    In forming the text sequence document of FIG. 6, the text may extracted by any conventional cut/paste-like technique provided by the operating system. In setting up the extracting of the pertinent text, it is important to note that only the text of the latest E-Mail note in the sequence may be extracted and not any of the attached E-Mail notes in the sequence history.  
         [0029]    In the simplified illustrations given above, we have described an embodiment wherein the user decides the point when a particular repetitive header should be designated as a message text sequencer. The system may be set up to do this automatically. In a simple embodiment of this, repetitive headers are counted. The user, during a predetermining set up, enters a count of the number of repetitions during a set period. This period may be a period of time, e.g. three repetitions per day, or the period may be based upon the frequency of E-Mail transmissions, e.g. two repetitions per five E-Mail transmissions. The appropriate count per time period would trigger the designation of the repetitive header as the message text sequence and set the text extraction in motion.  
         [0030]    [0030]FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the development of a process according to the present invention for enabling the setting of a system for enabling the functions to form message text sequences in accordance with the present invention. In any standard E-Mail network system, enabling senders at display terminals to distribute E-Mail to specified users, step  90 , (reference may to made to such a distribution network as described in the text:  The ABCs of Lotus Notes  4.5, R. Clayton, published by SYBEX Inc., San Francisco, 1997, particularly Chapter 18, pp. 367-398), there is provided at the senders&#39; and receivers&#39; display interfaces, implementation enabling the users to organize and display lists of received and sent E-Mail headers. The user is also provided with a standard interactive implementation for selecting a header from such lists to thereby activate and display the associated E-Mail message, step  91 . The user is enabled to designate a header from such lists as a message text sequencer, step  92 . Alternatively, the user is permitted to set up a combination of predetermined attributes that will automatically designate a header as a message text sequencer, step  93 . There is further provided an implementation responsive to the designation of a header as a message text sequencer for effecting the display of the text of the E-Mail having such a designated header, and the text of all subsequent E-Mails having the same designated header in a single display document, step  94 .  
         [0031]    In addition, an optional implementation of step  93  is provided wherein: A) The user selects a repeated header count; and when B) the E-Mail documents with the repeated header reach the selected count, the repeated header is designated as a message text sequencer.  
         [0032]    A simplified run of the process set up in FIG. 7 and described in connection with FIGS. 3 through 6 will now be described with respect to the flowchart of FIG. 8. At the display terminal of the E-Mail user there is provided an interface such as that of FIGS. 3 through 6. Let us assume that in the automatic system to be described, the system has a default count number of two for the number of repetitions of a header on a sent/received E-Mail document required to automatically trigger the text sequence process, step  100 . The user is prompted to change the count. If Yes, step  101 , the user changes the count, then the new count is set, step  102 . Then, or if No, the default count is not changed, step  103 , a determination is made as to whether the next E-Mail is sent or received, step  103 . At this step if No, a further decision is made as to whether the session is over, step  105 . If Yes, the session is exited. If No, the process is branched back to step  103 . If the decision in step  103  is Yes the next E-Mail is sent/received, a determination is made, step  104 , as to whether the header is one that has already been designated as a text sequencer. If Yes, then, step  106 , the text of the received E-Mail is extracted as previously described and added to the text sequence document. If No, then, step  107 , a determination is made as to whether the header is a repetitive header, the count of which has equalled the set count. If No, the header is merely added to the standard E-Mail header lists, step  111 . If Yes, the count has equalled the set count, then the repetitive header is designated as a new text sequencer, step  108 , and the text from all of the E-Mail with this repetitive header is formed into a text sequence document as described in FIG. 6, step  109 . Then, step  110 , the header is highlighted on the header list as a designated text sequence header. Next, after either step  106 ,  110  or  111 , a determination may be made at any point in an E-Mail session as to whether the user has designated, step  112 , a header to be a new text sequencer. If Yes, a new text sequence document as described in FIG. 6 is opened and the text from the E-Mail with the header and all of the subsequent E-Mail with this repetitive header is formed into this text sequence document, step  113 . Also, the header is highlighted on the header list as a designated text sequence header, step  114 . At this point or if the determination in step  112  is No, a decision is made, step  115 , as to whether the user has elected to open a document by selection of a header from a header list. If No, such a selection is awaited. If Yes, a further determination is made, step  116 , as to whether the selected header is a text sequencer header. If No, then the ordinary E-Mail note that it represents is opened and displayed, step  118 . If Yes, then the text sequence document as shown in FIG. 6 is displayed, step  117 . After either step  117  or  118 , the process is branched back via branch “A” to decision step  103 .  
         [0033]    One of the preferred implementations of the present invention is in application program  40  made up of programming steps or instructions resident in RAM  14 , FIG. 1, of Web server computers during various Web operations. Until required by the computer system, the program instructions may be stored in another readable medium, e.g. in disk drive  20 , or in a removable memory, such as an optical disk for use in a CD ROM computer input, or in a floppy disk for use in a floppy disk drive computer input. Further, the program instructions may be stored in the memory of another computer prior to use in the system of the present invention and transmitted over a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), such as the Internet, when required by the user of the present invention. One skilled in the art should appreciate that the processes controlling the present invention are capable of being distributed in the form of computer readable media of a variety of forms.  
         [0034]    Although certain preferred embodiments have been shown and described, it will be understood that many changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope and intent of the appended claims.