Abstract:
A waterborne coating composition including a waterborne epoxy coating with hydraulic cement, which is capable of a thin initial application. The coating composition may be made, stored and transported as a two-part composition, where each part is a pourable liquid. The waterborne epoxy composition cures under normal conditions and adheres to surfaces including masonry, concrete and metal.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
       [0001]     This application is a continuation-in-part and claims priority benefit of earlier-filed Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 11/018,644, filed Dec. 20, 2004. The identified earlier-filed application is hereby incorporated by reference into the present Application. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
       [0002]     This invention relates to non-structural coating compositions, or paints, and, more particularly, to waterborne epoxy coating compositions and methods for using such compositions.  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0003]     Epoxy resin based paint compositions are used to coat surfaces to protect against corrosion and other forms of wear and tear caused by use and the environment. The types of surfaces coated include concrete, metal, and other surfaces. Effective coating compositions are prized not only for the quality of protection, but also for easy and efficient transportation, storage, and application. Thus, a good coating composition will not only protect the surface, but also be easy to apply and quick to cure.  
         [0004]     The use of epoxy compositions containing volatile organic solvents has fallen out of favor even though these compositions provide exceptional anti-corrosion protection. The organic solvent based compositions are environmentally unfriendly and their use has been curtailed. Solvent free epoxy coatings often require sophisticated, non-standard equipment for application.  
         [0005]     Other epoxy paint compositions provide good protection if applied at the recommended thickness. This recommended thickness requires multiple coats and each coat must be cured or set before another coat may be applied. Each additional coat requires additional labor, which increases the cost of application. Other coats may be applied at greater initial thickness, but require more time to set up. Coatings applied at greater initial thicknesses may also introduce flaws caused by voids from evaporation of volatile components during the curing process.  
         [0006]     The combination of an epoxy resin and hydraulic cement in a structural composition containing aggregates, such as sand and/or gravel, has been used previously to create concrete-like compositions suitable for overlaying concrete surfaces, bonding units of masonry structure, forming pre-cast concrete articles, and filing gaps or voids in masonry structures or earth formations. For example, prior products include hydraulic cement based compositions with an epoxy resin, used as “mortars,” “toppings,” “overlays,” or “grouts” to top-coat concrete surfaces, fasten anchoring means in boreholes, well sealing, and other structural purposes. These compositions use a small portion of epoxy resin to enhance the aggregate binding characteristics of a hydraulic cement composition, and the final compositions are thick like concrete and resemble concrete. These are generally two-component compositions having a dry-mix component and a wet-mix component which are combined to form the final composition for application to surfaces in thick films, typically much greater than 20 mils. Other compositions have used an epoxy resin to bind aggregate, such as sand or fine gravel, to form a concrete type composition. Such compositions are prized for their structural integrity, however, they are incapable of forming the durable thin film protective coatings obtainable with epoxy resin based paints.  
       BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0007]     There is, therefore, provided in the practice of the invention a novel waterborne non-structural fluid coating composition, which is epoxy based and includes hydraulic cement, for reduced initial thickness application, and which provides for a quicker application at a reduced cost. The substantially aggregate-free waterborne epoxy coating composition broadly includes an epoxy resin, a hydraulic cement powder, a curing agent and water.  
         [0008]     In an embodiment, the coating composition is prepared by mixing two pre-blended liquid components; one component containing a liquid epoxy resin and hydraulic cement powder; and the other component containing an amine-based curing agent and water. The epoxy resin containing component may also include additives, such as a non-reactive diluent, a reactive diluent, an organosilicon adhesion promoter, a pigment, hollow spheres, dispersants, leveling agents, a rheology modifier, or other materials. The amine-based curing agent containing component may also include additives, such as a pigment, a cement plasticizer, a non-reactive diluent, a water-based latex resin, a defoamer, a corrosion inhibitor, dispersants, leveling agents, a rheology modifier, colorants, or other materials.  
         [0009]     Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved two-part waterborne epoxy paint or non-porous coating composition capable of providing improved protection to a substrate.  
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION  
       [0010]     The waterborne epoxy composition broadly includes an epoxy resin, hydraulic cement powder, an amine-based curing agent, and water. The composition may be enhanced with additives, including a non-reactive diluent, a reactive diluent, an organosilicon adhesion promoter, a pigment, hollow spheres, a cement plasticizer, a water-based latex resin, defoamers, a corrosion inhibitor, dispersants, rheology modifiers, leveling agents, colorants, or other materials. Each element of the general formula will be discussed in detail below, followed by several embodiments of the composition and the method of production and application.  
         [0011]     The epoxy resin may be liquid, solid or semi-solid. The epoxy resin functions as the curable component of one part of the two-part epoxy coating composition. In one embodiment, the epoxy resin may consist of any one of bisphenol A, bisphenol F, epoxy phenol novolac, epoxy cresol novolac, naphthalene epoxy, or tertiary butyl cathecol epoxy. Another epoxy may be used besides those listed here, although these are preferred. In exemplary embodiments, the epoxy resin is a liquid bisphenol A epoxy resin, including for example, liquid bisphenol A epoxy resin such as Huntsman GY6010, or a water-dispersed bisphenol A epoxy resin such as Resolution EPI-REZ 3510-W-60.  
         [0012]     The hydraulic cement powder may be any type of Portland cement and may also be any color. Portland cement comes in Types I, II, III, IV, and V. The possible colors include white, grey, etc. In another embodiment, the hydraulic cement powder is a mixture of 0.50 to 0.95 weight parts of hydraulic cement, including Portland cement and/or calcium aluminate cement, and 0.05 to 0.50 weight parts pozzolan powder, including fly ash, steel slag, silica fume, calcined kaolin clay, or synthetic pozzolan. In another embodiment of the invention the pozzolan powder is included in the aqueous component of the two-part composition, and the hydraulic cement, including Portland cement and/or calcium aluminate cement, is included in the non-aqueous component of the two-part composition.  
         [0013]     In another embodiment, the hydraulic cement powder is a mixture of approximately 0.70 to approximately 0.90 weight parts of Portland cement and/or calcium aluminate cement, and approximately 0.10 to approximately 0.30 weight parts pozzolan powder, wherein the pozzolan powder is included in the aqueous component of the two-part composition, and the Portland cement and/or calcium aluminate cement is included in the non-aqueous component of the two-part composition.  
         [0014]     In an embodiment of the invention, the pozzolan powder is a white pozzolanic synthetic silica powder having an average particle diameter of approximately 8 microns.  
         [0015]     The curing agent may be a substantially solvent free, or a water dilutable polyamine having a plurality of N—H linkages capable of reacting with the epoxy resin. The amine-based curing agent may be a polyoxyalkylene polyamine, arylene polyamine, cyclo-aliphatic polyamine, Mannich base, or a blend of two or more of these polyamines. An example of a solvent free amine curing agent used in an embodiment is a polyoxypropylene polyamine such as Huntsman JEFFAMINE D-400. Examples of commercially available water-based amine curing agents useful in the invention include, for example, Cognis WATERPOXY 751, UCB BECKOPOX 613, Huntsman ARADUR 39, Bakelite RUETADUR VE-51, and Air Products ANQUAMINE 287.  
         [0016]     In an embodiment of the invention, the amine curing agent is Cognis WATERPOXY 751, in the range of 0.8 to 1.5 equivalents of total epoxy groups to 1.0 equivalent of reactive curing agent amine groups, preferably approximately 0.9 to approximately 1.2 equivalents of total epoxy groups to 1.0 equivalent of reactive curing agent amine groups, to produce a uniform final coating composition having a pH of approximately 8 and resulting in smooth blush-free coatings.  
         [0017]     The coating compositions of the invention are prepared from a desired amount of epoxy resin such that the weight ratio of epoxy resin to hydraulic cement is in the range of approximately 0.1:1 to approximately 1.2:1; the compositions further provide a ratio of approximately 0.8 to 1.5 equivalents of total epoxy groups to 1.0 equivalent of reactive curing agent amine groups; and 0.2 to 0.9 parts water to 1.0 part hydraulic cement.  
         [0018]     Up to approximately 3.3% by weight of a non-reactive diluent, based on the total composition, may be added to decrease the viscosity of the mixture to facilitate blending. Any diluent that does not react with the other elements of the composition and decreases viscosity may be used. In one embodiment, the non-reactive diluent is benzyl alcohol, which not only reduces viscosity, but also speeds the epoxy/amine reaction and helps prevent freezing or crystallization of the coating composition. In another embodiment, the non-reactive diluent is an aromatic hydrocarbon resin, such as Rutgers NOVARES LS 500 for example, which not only reduces viscosity, but also has lower volatility. The non-reactive diluent may be included in either or both components of the composition.  
         [0019]     The composition may further include a reactive diluent. The reactive diluent may be an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic epoxy functional diluent. The reactive diluent may be either monofunctional or multifunctional. In one embodiment, the reactive diluent is a C6 to C18 alkyl mono glycidyl ether, and is included at a ratio of approximately 8 to 26 parts per 100 parts of epoxy resin. One example of a commercial reactive diluent suitable for this composition is Air Products EPODIL 748.  
         [0020]     The non-aqueous part of the composition may further include 0.1% to 1.1%, preferably 0.2% to 1.0%, by weight of an organosilicon adhesion promoter to enhance the adhesion of the cured composition to the surface being coated. The organosilicon adhesion promoter is included in a ratio of approximately 0.5 to 2 parts per 100 parts of epoxy resin. In one embodiment, the organosilicon adhesion promoter is γ-glycidoxypropyl-trimethoxy silane.  
         [0021]     The composition may further include a water-based latex resin in a ratio of up to approximately 1.2 parts water-based latex resin to 1.0 part of hydraulic cement. In an embodiment of the invention, the water-based latex resin comprises up to approximately 50% by weight of the aqueous part of the composition. Examples of useful water-based latex resins include, acrylic, styrene-acrylic, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) latexes. In one embodiment, the latex resin is an acrylic, styrene-acrylic, or styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) latex. Examples include Rohm &amp; Haas RHOPLEX MC-1834, SYNTHOMER 29Y46 SBR, and Resolution IC-780.  
         [0022]     The composition may further include a desired amount of pigment up to approximately 24.0% by weight in order to achieve the desired coating color. In an embodiment the pigment is titanium dioxide. The pigment may be dispersed in either component of the two-part composition of the invention.  
         [0023]     The composition may further include a desired amount of at least one extender pigment up to approximately 8.7% by weight. In an embodiment the extender pigment is an industrial talc and is dispersed in the aqueous component of the two-part composition of the invention. Examples of industrial talc useful as extender pigments in the invention are NYTAL 300 from R.T. Vanderbilt Company, Inc, and VERTAL 7 and VERTAL 92 from Luzenac America, Inc. Further embodiments include one or more extender pigments including talc and/or barytes.  
         [0024]     The composition may further include a desired amount of at least one colorant in an amount sufficient to obtain any desired color. In an embodiment of the composition the colorant is included in the aqueous component of the composition in an amount equivalent to approximately 8 ounces per 1 gallon of the aqueous component.  
         [0025]     The composition may further include hollow spheres, as an inert filler, in an amount up to approximately 8.0% by weight. The hollow spheres may be dispersed in either component of the two-part composition of the invention. In one embodiment the hollow spheres are hollow micro-spheres having a particle diameter in the range of approximately 5 to 90 microns and are included in the hydraulic cement containing component of the two-part composition in a ratio of approximately 1 part hollow spheres to approximately 3 to 50 parts of hydraulic cement. Examples include 3M SCOTCHLITE K37 Glass Bubbles and CHL A-90 Hollow Ceramic Microspheres.  
         [0026]     In an embodiment of the invention, the particle size distribution (by volume) of the hollow micro-spheres is 50% approximately 45 microns or less, 90% approximately 80 microns or less, and an effective top size of approximately 85 microns. It is expected that some of the larger diameter spheres will be crushed or broken in the process of application of the coating composition to a substrate surface.  
         [0027]     The composition may further include a desired amount of at least one dispersant up to approximately 1.0% by weight of the total composition in order to achieve uniform dispersion of the solid mineral elements of the composition and to reduce the rate of settling of the solid mineral elements during storage. A dispersant may be included in either component or both components of the two-part composition of the invention. In one embodiment a non-aqueous dispersant is included in the non-aqueous component of the two-part composition. An exemplary non-aqueous dispersant is BYK Anti-Terra-U 100. In another embodiment an aqueous dispersant is included in the aqueous component of the two-part composition. An exemplary aqueous dispersant is Tamol 165A. In another embodiment a desired amount of a non-aqueous dispersant is included in the non-aqueous component of the two-part composition, and a desired amount of an aqueous dispersant is included in the aqueous component of the two-part composition, wherein the total amount of dispersant, including the aqueous dispersant plus the non-aqueous dispersant, is up to approximately 1.0% by weight of the total composition.  
         [0028]     The composition may further include up to approximately 2.3% by weight of at least one defoamer. At least one defoamer may be included in either component or both components of the two-part composition of the invention. The defoamer may be a non-silicone defoamer, for example BYK-Chemie BYK-011; a silicone defoamer, for example Tego FOAMEX 805, BYK-Chemie BYK-022, BYK-Chemie BYK-024, and DeeFo 725E; and/or a combination of two or more of the foregoing, as more particularly shown in the examples below.  
         [0029]     The composition may further include a desired amount of at least one leveling agent up to approximately 1.0% by weight of the total composition. In an embodiment of the composition, at least one leveling agent is included in the aqueous part of the two part composition, in order to improve uniformity and reduce surface tension for improved flow and level during application in order to prevent brush marks and pin holes, and to improve adhesion to the substrate. In an embodiment of the composition the leveling agent is Troy Corp. TROYSOL LAC at up to approximately 0.1% by weight.  
         [0030]     The composition may further include a desired amount of at least one rheology modifier up to approximately 1.0% by weight of the total composition in order to control settling of the components and to reduce slump or sag in the applied wet coating. A rheology modifier may be included in either or both parts of the two part composition. In an embodiment of the composition the rheology modifier included in the non-aqueous part of the two part composition includes a mixed mineral thixotrope, for example Southern Clay Products GARAMITE 1958, as a rheology modifier; and the aqueous part of the two part composition includes a hydrophobically modified nonionic polymer known as an “associative thickener,” for example Southern Clay Products OPTIFLOW H600.  
         [0031]     The aqueous component of the two part composition may further include up to approximately 0.6% of a cement plasticizer, such as a lignosulfonate salt, for example Lignotech Norlig 24C; and up to approximately 18.2% of a corrosion inhibitor, such as Cortec MCI-2000 or W. R. Grace DCI S; all as set forth in the following examples and claims.  
         [0032]     Exemplary embodiments of the waterborne epoxy coating composition are divided into two parts, one aqueous and the other non-aqueous, for easy storage and transportation. The aqueous part is generally designated “Part A,” and includes 30% to 60% by weight curing agent, preferably 34% to 52% by weight curing agent, water in a total amount sufficient to react with the hydraulic cement component included in the non-aqueous part, and desired amounts of other additives as described above and in the examples below. The non-aqueous part is generally designated “Part B,” and includes 10% to 42% by weight epoxy resin, preferably 15% to 34% by weight epoxy resin, and more preferably 18% to 34% epoxy resin; 46% to 90% hydraulic cement powder, preferably 52% to 84% hydraulic cement powder, and more preferably 54% to 80% by weight hydraulic cement powder; and desired amounts of other additives as described above and in the examples below.  
         [0033]     An embodiment of the waterborne epoxy coating composition comprises an aqueous Part A including water-based amine curing agent, deionized water, and defoamer; and a non-aqueous Part B including liquid Bisphenol A epoxy resin, reactive diluent, organosilicon adhesion promoter, hydraulic cement, and hollow spheres. The two parts are combined by adding Part A to Part B in any suitable container with mechanical agitation to substantially uniformly mix the two parts together, wherein the composition has a weight ratio of epoxy resin to hydraulic cement in the range of approximately 0.19:1 to approximately 0.6:1; a ratio of approximately 0.9 to 1.20 equivalents of total epoxy groups to 1.0 equivalent of reactive curing agent amine groups; and 0.3 to 0.6 parts total water to 1.0 part hydraulic cement. The substantially uniformly mixed composition is then applied to the surface to be coated using conventional painting equipment.  
         [0034]     Another embodiment comprises an aqueous Part A including a water-based amine curing agent, deionized water, and defoamer; and, a non-aqueous Part B including liquid Bisphenol A epoxy resin, reactive diluent, organosilicon adhesion promoter, hydraulic cement, and hollow spheres. The two parts are combined by adding Part A to Part B in any suitable container with mechanical agitation to substantially uniformly mix the two parts together, wherein the final composition has a weight ratio of epoxy resin to hydraulic cement in the range of approximately 0.25:1 to approximately 0.5:1; a ratio of approximately 0.95 to 1.2 equivalents of total epoxy groups to 1.0 equivalent of reactive curing agent amine groups; and 0.4 to 0.6 parts total water to 1.0 part hydraulic cement. Each part is approximately equal in volume and additional water may be added after the two parts are mixed. The substantially uniformly mixed composition is then applied to the surface to be coated using conventional painting equipment.  
         [0035]     Another embodiment comprises an aqueous Part A including a water-based amine curing agent, deionized water, dispersant, pigment, rheology modifier, leveling agent, and at least one defoamer; and a non-aqueous Part B including liquid Bisphenol A epoxy resin, reactive diluent, organosilicon adhesion promoter, hydraulic cement, dispersant, rheology modifier, defoamer, and hollow spheres. The two parts are combined by adding Part A to Part B in any suitable container with mechanical agitation to substantially uniformly mix the two parts together, wherein the final composition has a weight ratio of epoxy resin to hydraulic cement in the range of approximately 0.25:1 to approximately 0.5:1; a ratio of approximately 0.8 to 1.2 equivalents of total epoxy groups to 1.0 equivalent of reactive curing agent amine groups; and 0.25 to 0.45 parts water to 1.0 part hydraulic cement. Additional water may be added for thinning after the two parts are mixed. The substantially uniformly mixed composition is then applied to the surface to be coated using conventional painting equipment.  
         [0036]     Another embodiment comprises an aqueous Part A including a water-based amine curing agent, deionized water, dispersant, pigment, rheology modifier, at least one pozzolan powder, at least one defoamer, and hollow spheres; and a non-aqueous Part B including liquid Bisphenol A epoxy resin, reactive diluent, organosilicon adhesion promoter, hydraulic cement, dispersant, rheology modifier, defoamer, and hollow spheres. The two parts are combined by adding Part A to Part B in any suitable container with mechanical agitation to substantially uniformly mix the two parts together, wherein the final composition has a weight ratio of epoxy resin to hydraulic cement in the range of approximately 0.25:1 to approximately 0.5:1; a ratio of approximately 0.8 to 1.3 equivalents of total epoxy groups to 1.0 equivalent of reactive curing agent amine groups; and 0.25 to 0.45 parts water to 1.0 part hydraulic cement. Additional water may be added for thinning after the two parts are mixed. The substantially uniformly mixed composition is then applied to the surface to be coated using conventional painting equipment.  
         [0037]     In an alternative embodiment the aqueous Part A includes a water-dispersed epoxy resin, and may further contain a water-based latex resin, and defoamer; and the non-aqueous Part B includes a substantially solvent-free amine curing agent, hydraulic cement and hollow spheres. The two parts are combined by adding Part A to Part B in any suitable container with mechanical agitation to substantially uniformly mix the two parts together, wherein the composition has a weight ratio of epoxy resin to hydraulic cement in the range of approximately 0.1:1 to approximately 1.2:1; a ratio of approximately 0.8 to 1.3 equivalents of total epoxy groups to 1.0 equivalent of reactive curing agent amine groups; and 0.2 to 0.9 parts total water to 1.0 part hydraulic cement. The substantially uniformly mixed composition is then applied to the surface to be coated using conventional painting equipment.  
         [0038]     The embodiments of the waterborne epoxy coating composition may be applied with a brush, roller, or airless sprayer to produce smooth, non-porous, cured coatings with a thickness from approximately 78% to approximately 95% of the single coat wet thickness. Exemplary embodiments of the composition applied by airless sprayer produce cured coatings with a thickness from approximately 90% to approximately 95% of the single coat wet thickness. Said cured coatings have a substantially uniform thickness up to approximately 20 mils, preferably having a thickness of approximately 3 mils to approximately 15 mils, more preferably having a thickness of approximately 4 mils to approximately 12 mils, and more preferably having a thickness of approximately 6 mils to approximately 10 mils. Single coat application thicknesses in the range of approximately 15 mils to approximately 20 mils are typically applied to rough or porous substrate surfaces such as masonry surfaces that are expected to be exposed to substantial abrasive wear or highly corrosive environmental conditions. Single coat application thicknesses in the range of approximately 4 mils to approximately 12 mils are typically applied to vertical ferrous or non-ferrous metal substrates. The embodiments of the composition exhibit gel times from approximately 60 minutes to approximately 120 minutes and are dry to touch in less than 24 hours.  
         [0039]     Embodiments of the composition are more specifically shown in the following examples.  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Examples                1   2   3           Weight %   Weight %   Weight %                        Non-Aqueous Components                Epoxy Resin   Huntsman GY6010   22.29   20.35   23.26       Reactive Diluent   Air Products Epodil 748   2.50   2.29   2.61       Adhesion Promoter   OSi Silquest A-187   0.25   0.23   0.26       Cement   Lehigh Type I   59.43   0   0           Lefarge Fondu   0   66.43   50.32       Pozzolan   Lefarge NewChem Slag   0   0   16.70       Titanium Dioxide   Huntsman TR-60   9.60   0   0       Hollow Spheres       2.50   7.59   3.27       Non-reactive Diluent   Benzyl Alcohol   3.42   3.12   3.57       Total Non-Aqueous Part       100.00   100.00   100.00            Aqueous Components                Water-based amine curing agent   Cognis Waterpoxy 751   14.95   25.64   51.87           Anquamine 287   35.33   10.85   0       Titanium Dioxide   Huntsman TR-60   0   27.82   0       Concrete Super Plasticizer   Lignotech Norlig 24C   0.57   0   0       Latex Emulsion   Synthomer 29Y46 SBR   48.61   0   0           Rohm &amp; Haas Rhoplex MC-1834   0   35.28   0       Non-reactive Diluent   Benzyl Alcohol   0.55   0.40   0       Deionized Water       0   0   29.95       Corrosion Inhibitor   W.R. Grace DCI S   0   0   18.18       Total Aqueous Part       100.00   100.00   100.00                        Examples                4   5   6   7   8   9   10           Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %               Non-Aqueous Components       Epoxy Resin: Huntsman   13.04   13.45   12.20   14.44   10.55   16.47   8.23       GY6010       Reactive Diluent: Air   1.46   1.51   1.37   1.62   1.19   1.85   0.92       Products Epodil 748       Adhesion Promoter: OSi   0.15   0.15   0.14   0.16   0.12   0.19   0.09       Silquest A-187       Cement: Lefarge Secar 71   35.82   37.44   38.90   34.12   43.08   26.68   42.67       Pozzolan: Calcined Kaolin   7.18   3.74   7.78   2.73   10.77   1.33   21.34       Imerys Metastar 450       Hollow Spheres: 3M   2.34   2.42   2.19   2.60   1.90   2.96   1.48       Scotchlite K37       Non-reactive Diluent:   2.00   2.07   1.87   2.22   1.62   2.53   1.26       Benzyl Alcohol                                   Sub-total   61.99   60.78   64.45   57.89   69.23   52.01   75.99       Aqueous Components       Water-based amine curing   16.49   17.01   15.42   18.26   13.35   20.82   10.41       agent: Cognis Waterpoxy       751       Deionized Water   4.74   4.90   4.44   5.26   3.84   5.99   3.00       Latex Emulsion: Rohm &amp;   16.27   16.78   15.22   18.02   13.17   20.54   10.27       Haas Rhoplex MC-1834       Non-reactive Diluent:   0.18   0.19   0.17   0.20   0.15   0.23   0.12       Benzyl Alcohol       Defoamer: BYK-Chemie   0.33   0.34   0.31   0.36   0.26   0.41   0.21       BYK-011 (non-silicone)                                   Sub-total   38.01   39.22   35.56   42.10   30.77   47.99   24.01                        Examples                11   12   13   14   15   16   17           Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %               Non-Aqueous Components       Epoxy Resin: Huntsman   11.48   13.16   11.74   12.82   10.43   14.86   8.53       GY6010       Reactive Diluent: Air   1.29   1.48   1.32   1.44   1.17   1.67   0.96       Products Epodil 748       Adhesion Promoter: OSi   0.13   0.15   0.13   0.14   0.12   0.17   0.10       Silquest A-187       Cement: Lefarge Secar 71   32.41   27.48   31.44   29.65   35.75   20.20   36.52       Pozzolan: Fly Ash   6.71   2.75   6.29   2.37   8.94   1.01   18.26       Hollow Spheres: 3M   4.27   4.90   4.37   4.77   3.88   5.53   3.17       Scotchlite K37       Non-reactive Diluent:   1.76   2.02   1.80   1.97   1.60   2.28   1.31       Benzyl Alcohol                                   Sub-total   58.05   51.93   57.10   53.17   61.89   45.72   68.85       Aqueous Components       Water-based amine curing   14.52   16.64   14.85   16.21   13.19   18.79   10.78       agent: Cognis Waterpoxy       751       Deionized Water   1.35   1.55   1.38   1.51   1.23   1.75   1.00       Titanium Dioxide:   11.3   12.95   11.55   12.61   10.26   14.62   8.39       Huntsman TR-60       Latex Emulsion: Rohm &amp;   14.33   16.42   14.65   16.00   13.02   18.54   10.64       Haas Rhoplex MC-1834       Non-reactive Diluent:   0.16   0.19   0.17   0.18   0.15   0.21   0.12       Benzyl Alcohol       Defoamer: BYK-Chemie   0.29   0.33   0.29   0.32   0.26   0.37   0.21       BYK-011 (non-silicone)                                   Sub-total   41.95   48.07   42.90   46.83   38.11   54.28   31.15                        Examples                18   19   20   21   22   23   24           Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %               Non-Aqueous Components       Epoxy Resin: Huntsman   13.20   13.85   12.62   14.81   10.99   16.76   8.73       GY6010       Reactive Diluent: Air   1.48   1.56   1.42   1.66   1.23   1.88   0.98       Products Epodil 748       Adhesion Promoter: OSi   0.15   0.16   0.14   0.17   0.12   0.19   0.10       Silquest A-187       Cement: Lefarge Fondu   34.91   35.51   37.07   32.24   41.32   25.01   41.05       Pozzolan: Lefarge   7.00   3.55   7.41   2.58   10.33   1.25   20.53       NewChem Slag       Hollow Spheres: 3M   5.06   5.31   4.83   5.67   4.21   6.42   3.35       Scotchlite K37       Non-reactive Diluent:   2.03   2.13   1.94   2.27   1.69   2.57   1.34       Benzyl Alcohol                                   Sub-total   63.83   62.05   65.43   59.41   69.89   54.08   76.07       Aqueous Components       Water-based amine curing   16.07   16.86   15.36   18.03   13.38   20.40   10.63       agent: Cognis Waterpoxy       751       Deionized Water   3.83   4.02   3.66   4.30   3.19   4.86   2.53       Latex Emulsion: Synthomer   15.77   16.55   15.08   17.70   13.13   20.02   10.43       29Y46 SBR       Non-reactive Diluent:   0.18   0.19   0.17   0.20   0.15   0.23   0.12       Benzyl Alcohol       Defoamer: BYK-Chemie   0.32   0.33   0.30   0.36   0.27   0.40   0.21       BYK-011 (non-silicone)                                   Sub-total   36.17   37.95   34.57   40.59   30.11   45.92   23.93                        Examples                25   26   27   28   29   30   31           Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %               Non-Aqueous Components       Epoxy Resin: Huntsman   11.81   13.16   12.16   13.92   10.80   15.40   8.82       GY6010       Reactive Diluent: Air   1.33   1.48   1.37   1.56   1.21   1.73   0.99       Products Epodil 748       Adhesion Promoter: OSi   0.13   0.15   0.14   0.16   0.12   0.17   0.10       Silquest A-187       Cement: Lefarge Secar 71   33.32   29.83   31.59   26.78   35.90   20.33   36.65       White (Calcium Aluminate)       Pozzolan: Silica Fume   6.66   2.98   6.32   2.14   8.97   1.02   18.32       Hollow Spheres: 3M   1.81   2.01   1.86   2.13   1.65   2.36   1.35       Scotchlite K37       Non-reactive Diluent:   1.81   2.02   1.87   2.14   1.66   2.37   1.35       Benzyl Alcohol                                   Sub-total   56.87   51.63   55.30   48.83   60.31   43.37   67.58       Aqueous Components       Water-based amine curing   14.93   17.07   15.77   18.05   14.00   19.98   11.44       agent: Cognis Waterpoxy       751       Deionized Water   1.39   0.65   0.61   0.69   0.54   0.77   0.44       Titanium Dioxide:   11.62   13.28   12.27   14.05   10.90   15.55   8.90       Huntsman TR-60       Latex Emulsion: Rohm &amp;   14.73   16.84   15.56   17.81   13.82   19.72   11.29       Haas Rhoplex MC-1834       Non-reactive Diluent:   0.17   0.19   0.18   0.20   0.16   0.22   0.13       Benzyl Alcohol       Defoamer: BYK-Chemie   0.30   0.34   0.31   0.36   0.28   0.40   0.23       BYK-011 (non-silicone)                                   Sub-total   43.13   48.37   44.70   51.17   39.69   56.63   32.42                        Examples                32   33   34   35   36   37   38           Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %               Non-Aqueous Components       Epoxy Resin: Huntsman   13.23   13.65   12.37   14.66   10.70   16.72   8.43       GY6010       Reactive Diluent: Air   1.49   1.53   1.39   1.65   1.20   1.88   0.95       Products Epodil 748       Adhesion Promoter: OSi   0.15   0.15   0.14   0.16   0.12   0.19   0.09       Silquest A-187       Portland Cement: Federal   35.89   37.53   38.98   34.20   43.16   26.75   42.49       Type I       Pozzolan: Calcined Kaolin   7.20   3.75   7.80   2.74   10.79   1.34   21.25       Imerys Metastar 450       Hollow Spheres: 3M   1.93   1.99   1.80   2.13   1.56   2.43   1.23       Scotchlite K37       Non-reactive Diluent:   2.03   2.10   1.90   2.25   1.64   2.57   1.29       Benzyl Alcohol                                   Sub-total   61.92   60.70   64.38   57.79   69.18   51.87   75.73       Aqueous Components       Water-based amine curing   16.52   17.05   15.45   18.31   13.37   20.88   10.53       agent: Cognis Waterpoxy       751       Deionized Water   4.76   4.91   4.45   5.27   3.85   6.01   3.03       Latex Emulsion: Rohm &amp;   16.30   16.82   15.25   18.06   13.19   20.60   10.39       Haas Rhoplex MC-1834       Non-reactive Diluent:   0.18   0.19   0.17   0.20   0.15   0.23   0.12       Benzyl Alcohol       Defoamer: BYK-Chemie   0.33   0.34   0.31   0.36   0.27   0.41   0.21       BYK-011 (non-silicone)                                   Sub-total   38.09   39.30   35.62   42.21   30.82   48.13   24.27                        Examples                39   40   41   42   43   44   45           Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %               Non-Aqueous Components       Epoxy Resin: Huntsman   13.07   13.49   12.23   14.49   10.58   16.52   8.33       GY6010       Reactive Diluent: Air   1.47   1.52   1.37   1.63   1.19   1.86   0.94       Products Epodil 748       Adhesion Promoter: OSi   0.15   0.15   0.14   0.16   0.12   0.19   0.09       Silquest A-187       Portland Cement: Federal   35.91   37.55   39.00   34.23   43.18   26.77   42.51       Type I       Pozzolan: Lefarge   7.20   3.75   7.80   2.74   10.79   1.34   21.25       NewChem Slag       Hollow Spheres: 3M   2.08   2.14   1.94   2.30   1.68   2.63   1.32       Scotchlite K37       Non-reactive Diluent:   2.01   2.07   1.88   2.22   1.62   2.54   1.28       Benzyl Alcohol                                   Sub-total   61.89   60.68   64.36   57.77   69.16   51.83   75.72       Aqueous Components       Water-based amine curing   16.53   17.06   15.46   18.32   13.37   20.89   10.53       agent: Cognis Waterpoxy       751       Deionized Water   4.76   4.91   4.45   5.27   3.85   6.01   3.03       Latex Emulsion: Rohm &amp;   16.31   16.83   15.25   18.07   13.20   20.61   10.39       Haas Rhoplex MC-1834       Non-reactive Diluent:   0.18   0.19   0.17   0.20   0.15   0.23   0.12       Benzyl Alcohol       Defoamer: BYK-Chemie   0.33   0.34   0.31   0.36   0.27   0.41   0.21       BYK-011 (non-silicone)                                   Sub-total   38.11   39.32   35.64   42.23   30.84   48.17   24.28                        Examples                46   47   48   49   50   51   52           Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %               Non-Aqueous Components       Epoxy Resin: Huntsman   13.11   13.53   12.26   14.53   10.60   16.58   8.34       GY6010       Reactive Diluent: Air   1.47   1.52   1.38   1.63   1.19   1.86   0.94       Products Epodil 748       Adhesion Promoter: OSi   0.15   0.15   0.14   0.16   0.12   0.19   0.09       Silquest A-187       Portland Cement: Federal   36.02   37.66   39.10   34.33   43.28   26.86   42.58       Type I       Pozzolan: Silica Fume   7.22   3.77   7.82   2.75   10.82   1.34   21.29       Hollow Spheres: 3M   1.80   1.86   1.68   2.00   1.46   2.28   1.15       Scotchlite K37       Non-reactive Diluent:   2.01   2.08   1.88   2.23   1.63   2.55   1.28       Benzyl Alcohol                                   Sub-total   61.78   60.56   64.26   57.64   69.09   51.66   75.68       Aqueous Components       Water-based amine curing   16.58   17.11   15.50   18.38   13.41   20.97   10.55       agent: Cognis Waterpoxy       751       Deionized Water   4.77   4.92   4.46   5.29   3.86   6.03   3.04       Latex Emulsion: Rohm &amp;   16.36   16.88   15.29   18.13   13.23   20.69   10.41       Haas Rhoplex MC-1834       Non-reactive Diluent:   0.18   0.19   0.17   0.20   0.15   0.23   0.12       Benzyl Alcohol       Defoamer: BYK-Chemie   0.33   0.34   0.31   0.36   0.27   0.42   0.21       BYK-011 (non-silicone)                                   Sub-total   38.22   39.44   35.74   42.36   30.91   48.34   24.32                        Examples                53   54   55   56   57   58   59           Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %               Non-Aqueous Components       Epoxy Resin: Huntsman   12.12   13.51   12.49   14.29   11.09   15.81   9.62       GY6010       Reactive Diluent: Air   1.36   1.52   1.40   1.61   1.25   1.73   1.08       Products Epodil 748       Adhesion Promoter: OSi   0.14   0.15   0.14   0.16   0.12   0.18   0.11       Silquest A-187       Portland Cement: Type I   39.58   32.67   37.76   28.80   44.72   21.23   58.20       Hollow Spheres: 3M   2.28   2.54   2.35   2.68   2.08   2.97   1.81       Scotchlite K37       Non-reactive Diluent:   1.86   2.07   1.92   2.19   1.70   2.43   1.48       Benzyl Alcohol                                   Sub-total   57.34   52.46   56.06   49.73   60.97   44.39   72.29       Aqueous Components       Water-based amine curing   4.63   5.16   4.77   5.45   4.23   6.03   3.01       agent: Anquamine 287       Water-based amine curing   10.93   12.18   11.26   12.89   10.00   14.26   7.10       agent: Waterpoxy 751       Titanium Dioxide:   11.86   13.22   12.22   13.98   10.85   15.47   7.71       Huntsman TR-60       Latex Emulsion:   15.05   16.77   15.50   17.73   13.77   19.61   9.77       Synthomer 29Y46 SBR       Non-reactive Diluent:   0.17   0.19   0.18   0.20   0.16   0.22   0.11       Benzyl Alcohol       Corrosion Inhibitor:   0.02   0.02   0.02   0.02   0.02   0.02   0.01       Cortec MCI-2000                                   Sub-total   42.66   47.54   43.94   50.27   39.03   55.61   27.71                        Examples                60   61   62   63   64   65   66           Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %               Non-Aqueous Components       Reactive Diluent: Air   1.42   1.30   1.53   1.36   1.47   1.38   1.45       Products Epodil 748       Epoxy Resin: Huntsman   12.61   11.57   13.61   12.09   13.12   12.30   12.91       GY6010       Adhesion Promoter: OSi   0.14   0.13   0.15   0.14   0.15   0.14   0.15       Silquest A-187       Dispersant: BYK Anti-   0.44   0.40   0.47   0.42   0.46   0.43   0.45       Terra-U 100       Defoamer (silicone):   0.95   0.87   1.03   0.91   0.99   0.93   0.98       BYK-024       Portland Cement: Type I   36.47   33.46   39.37   34.98   37.93   35.58   37.35       Pozzolan: VCAS-8 White   4.05   3.72   4.37   3.89   4.21   3.95   4.15       Synthetic Pozzolan       Non-reactive Diluent:   2.35   2.16   2.54   2.26   2.45   2.29   2.41       Benzyl Alcohol       Hollow Spheres: 3M   1.06   0.97   1.15   1.02   1.10   1.04   1.09       Scotchlite K37                                   Sub-total   59.49   54.58   64.22   57.07   61.88   58.04   60.94       Aqueous Components       Water-based amine curing   15.87   17.79   14.01   16.82   14.93   16.44   15.30       agent: Waterpoxy 751       Deionized Water   7.24   8.12   6.39   7.67   6.81   7.50   6.98       Dispersant: Tamol 165A   0.13   0.15   0.11   0.14   0.12   0.13   0.12       Titanium Dioxide:   16.19   18.15   14.30   17.16   15.24   16.77   15.61       Huntsman TR-60       Defoamer (silicone):   0.73   0.82   0.65   0.78   0.69   0.76   0.71       DeeFo 725E       Defoamer (silicone):   0.29   0.33   0.26   0.31   0.28   0.30   0.28       BYK-022       Leveling Agent: Troysol   0.05   0.06   0.05   0.06   0.05   0.06   0.05       LAC                                   Sub-total   40.5   45.42   35.77   42.94   38.12   41.96   39.05                        Examples                67   68   69   70   71   72   73           Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %               Non-Aqueous Components       Reactive Diluent: Air   1.46   1.34   1.57   1.40   1.51   1.42   1.49       Products Epodil 748       Epoxy Resin: Huntsman   12.98   11.95   13.96   12.47   13.47   12.68   13.28       GY6010       Rheology Modifier:   0.31   0.28   0.33   0.30   0.32   0.30   0.31       Garamite 1958       Adhesion Promoter: OSi   0.15   0.13   0.16   0.14   0.15   0.14   0.15       Silquest A-187       Dispersant: BYK Anti-   0.45   0.42   0.49   0.43   0.47   0.44   0.46       Terra-U 100       Defoamer (silicone):   0.98   0.90   1.05   0.94   1.02   0.96   1.00       BYK-024       Portland Cement: Type I   37.53   34.57   40.36   36.07   38.96   36.66   38.39       Pozzolan: VCAS-8 White   4.17   3.84   4.48   4.01   4.33   4.07   4.27       Synthetic Pozzolan       Non-reactive Diluent:   2.42   2.23   2.60   2.33   2.51   2.36   2.48       Benzyl Alcohol       Hollow Spheres: 3M   1.02   0.94   1.10   0.98   1.06   1.00   1.04       Scotchlite K37                                   Sub-total   61.47   56.6   66.1   59.07   63.8   60.03   62.87       Aqueous Components       Water-based amine curing   15.00   16.88   13.20   15.93   14.09   15.55   14.45       agent: Waterpoxy 751       Dispersant: Tamol 165A   0.12   0.14   0.11   0.13   0.11   0.13   0.12       Defoamer (silicone):   0.28   0.31   0.24   0.29   0.26   0.29   0.27       BYK-022       Titanium Dioxide:   15.30   17.23   13.46   16.26   14.37   15.87   14.74       Huntsman TR-60       Defoamer (silicone):   0.69   0.78   0.61   0.74   0.65   0.72   0.67       DeeFo 725E       Deionized Water   6.84   7.70   6.02   7.27   6.43   7.10   6.59       Rheology Modifier:   0.25   0.28   0.22   0.26   0.23   0.25   0.24       Optiflow H600       Leveling Agent: Troysol   0.05   0.06   0.05   0.05   0.05   0.05   0.05       LAC                                   Sub-total   38.53   43.38   33.91   40.93   36.19   39.96   37.13                  
 
         [0040]     Further embodiments of the composition are described by the following examples wherein the waterborne epoxy coating composition is prepared by combining one part by volume of Part A with one part by volume of Part B.  
                                                                                                                                                                                                             Examples                74   75   76   77   78   79   80           Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %               Part A Components       Water-based amine curing   18.98   19.61   18.36   20.02   17.95   21.08   16.93       agent: Waterpoxy 751       Deionized Water   1.94   2.00   1.87   2.04   1.83   2.15   1.73       Dispersant: Tamol 165A   0.25   0.26   0.24   0.26   0.24   0.28   0.22       Rheology Modifier:   0.31   0.32   0.30   0.33   0.29   0.34   0.28       Optiflow H600       Defoamer (silicone): BYK-022   0.33   0.34   0.32   0.35   0.31   0.36   0.29       Titanium Dioxide:   15.49   16.00   14.99   16.35   14.65   17.20   13.82       Huntsman TR-60       Talc extender pigment:   1.94   2.00   1.87   2.04   1.83   2.15   1.73       Nytal 300       Deionized Water   4.80   4.96   4.65   5.07   4.54   5.33   4.28       Defoamer (silicone):   0.55   0.57   0.53   0.58   0.52   0.61   0.49       DeeFo 725E       Hollow Spheres: 3M   0.76   0.79   0.74   0.81   0.72   0.85   0.68       Scotchlite K37                                   Sub-total   45.35   46.85   43.87   47.85   42.88   50.35   40.45       Part B Components       Reactive Diluent: Air   2.01   1.95   2.06   1.92   2.10   1.82   2.19       Products Epodil 748       Epoxy Resin: Huntsman   18.07   17.58   18.56   17.25   18.89   16.42   19.69       GY6010       Rheology Modifier:   0.31   0.31   0.32   0.30   0.33   0.28   0.34       Garamite 1958       Dispersant: BYK Anti-   0.42   0.41   0.43   0.40   0.44   0.38   0.46       Terra-U 100       Adhesion Promoter: OSi   0.15   0.14   0.15   0.14   0.16   0.14   0.16       Silquest A-187       Defoamer (silicone): BYK-024   1.00   0.97   1.03   0.95   1.04   0.91   1.09       Portland Cement: Type I   29.00   28.21   29.78   27.68   30.31   26.34   31.60       Pozzolan: VCAS-8 White   3.22   3.13   3.31   3.08   3.37   2.93   3.51       Synthetic Pozzolan       Non-reactive Diluent:   0.09   0.09   0.10   0.09   0.10   0.09   0.10       Benzyl Alcohol       Hollow Spheres: 3M   0.37   0.36   0.38   0.36   0.39   0.34   0.41       Scotchlite K37                                   Sub-total   54.64   53.15   56.12   52.17   57.13   49.65   59.55                        Examples                81   82   83   84   85   86   87           Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %               Part A Components       Water-based amine curing   19.33   21.50   17.21   20.41   18.26   19.98   18.69       agent: Waterpoxy 751       Defoamer (silicone): BYK-022   0.33   0.37   0.30   0.35   0.32   0.35   0.32       Titanium Dioxide   8.28   9.22   7.37   8.75   7.83   8.56   8.01       Talc extender pigment:   5.27   5.86   4.69   5.56   4.98   5.44   5.09       Vertal 92       Talc extender pigment:   2.52   2.81   2.25   2.67   2.39   2.61   2.44       Nytal 300       Deionized Water   6.73   7.48   5.99   7.10   6.35   6.95   6.50       Rheology Modifier:   0.32   0.35   0.28   0.33   0.30   0.33   0.31       Optiflow H600       Defoamer (silicone):   0.88   0.98   0.79   0.93   0.83   0.91   0.85       DeeFo 725E       Hollow Spheres: 3M   0.78   0.86   0.69   0.82   0.73   0.80   0.75       Scotchlite K37                                   Sub-total   44.44   49.44   39.56   46.93   41.99   45.93   42.97       Part B Components       Reactive Diluent: Air   2.04   1.86   2.22   1.95   2.14   1.99   2.10       Products Epodil 748       Epoxy Resin: Huntsman   18.4   16.75   20.02   17.58   19.22   17.91   18.89       GY6010       Rheology Modifier:   0.32   0.29   0.35   0.31   0.33   0.31   0.33       Garamite 1958       Dispersant: BYK Anti-   0.43   0.39   0.47   0.41   0.45   0.42   0.44       Terra-U 100       Adhesion Promoter: OSi   0.15   0.14   0.16   0.14   0.16   0.15   0.16       Silquest A-187       Defoamer (silicone): BYK-024   1.02   0.93   1.11   0.97   1.06   0.99   1.05       Portland Cement: Type I   29.53   26.88   32.13   28.21   30.84   28.74   30.32       Pozzolan: VCAS-8 White   3.28   2.99   3.57   3.13   3.43   3.19   3.37       Synthetic Pozzolan       Hollow Spheres: 3M   0.38   0.35   0.41   0.36   0.40   0.37   0.39       Scotchlite K37                                   Sub-total   55.56   50.56   60.44   53.07   58.01   54.07   57.03                        Examples                88   89   90   91   92   93   94           Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %               Part A Components       Water-based amine curing   17.93   19.78   16.08   18.85   17.00   18.48   17.37       agent: Waterpoxy 751       Defoamer (silicone): BYK-022   0.31   0.34   0.28   0.33   0.29   0.32   0.30       Titanium Dioxide   15.36   16.95   13.79   16.16   14.57   15.84   14.89       Talc extender pigment:   4.88   5.39   4.38   5.14   4.63   5.04   4.73       Vertal 7       Barytes extender pigment   2.34   2.58   2.10   2.46   2.22   2.41   2.27       Deionized Water   6.54   7.22   5.87   6.88   6.21   6.75   6.34       Rheology Modifier:   0.29   0.32   0.26   0.31   0.28   0.30   0.28       Optiflow H600       Defoamer (silicone):   0.82   0.90   0.74   0.86   0.78   0.84   0.79       DeeFo 725E                                   Sub-total   48.48   53.49   43.50   50.98   45.99   49.98   46.98       Part B Components       Reactive Diluent: Air   1.90   1.71   2.08   1.80   1.99   1.84   1.95       Products Epodil 748       Epoxy Resin: Huntsman   17.06   15.41   18.71   16.24   17.89   16.57   17.56       GY6010       Rheology Modifier:   0.30   0.27   0.32   0.28   0.31   0.29   0.30       Garamite 1958       Dispersant: BYK Anti-   0.40   0.36   0.44   0.38   0.42   0.39   0.41       Terra-U 100       Adhesion Promoter: OSi   0.14   0.13   0.15   0.13   0.15   0.14   0.14       Silquest A-187       Defoamer (silicone): BYK-024   0.94   0.85   1.04   0.90   0.99   0.92   0.97       Portland Cement: Type I   27.39   24.72   30.03   26.06   28.71   26.59   28.18       Pozzolan: VCAS-8 White   3.04   2.75   3.34   2.90   3.19   2.95   3.13       Synthetic Pozzolan       Hollow Spheres: 3M   0.35   0.32   0.39   0.34   0.37   0.34   0.36       Scotchlite K37                                   Sub-total   51.52   46.51   56.50   49.02   54.01   50.02   53.02                        Examples                        95   96               Weight %   Weight %                       Part A Components           Water-based amine curing agent: Waterpoxy 751   16.53   16.80           Defoamer (silicone): BYK-022   0.32   0.32           Titanium Dioxide   15.78   15.74           Pozzolan: VCAS-8 White Synthetic Pozzolan   3.76   11.24           Deionized Water   6.68   6.16           Rheology Modifier: Optiflow H600   0.30   0.30           Defoamer (silicone): DeeFo 725E   0.84   0.84           Hollow Spheres: 3M Scotchlite K37   0.99   0.00           Sub-total   45.21   51.39           Part B Components           Reactive Diluent: Air Products Epodil 748   1.77   1.77           Epoxy Resin: Huntsman GY6010   15.56   15.75           Rheology Modifier: Garamite 1958   0.28   0.28           Adhesion Promoter: OSi Silquest A-187   0.18   0.18           Dispersant: BYK Anti-Terra-U 100   0.41   0.41           Defoamer (silicone): BYK-024   0.59   0.88           Portland Cement: Type I   33.82   26.24           Non-reactive Diluent: Benzyl Alcohol   2.18   2.18           Hollow Spheres: 3M Scotchlite K37   0.00   0.94           Sub-total   54.79   48.61                      
 
         [0041]     Further embodiments of the composition are described by the following untested examples. The following examples are provided by way of illustration not limitation, and the changes reflected are equally applicable to each of the compositions specifically described in Examples 1 through 96.  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Untested Examples                97   98   99   100   101   102           Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %   Weight %                        Non-Aqueous Components                Epoxy Resin   Huntsman GY6010   14.31   13.04   13.04   11.48   12.12   12.61       Reactive Diluent   Air Products Epodil 748   1.61   1.46   1.46   1.29   1.36   1.42       Adhesion   OSi Silquest A-187   0.16   0.15   0.15   0.13   0.14   0.14       Promoter       Dispersant   BYK Anti-Terra-U   0   0   0   0   0   0.44           100       Defoamer   Silicone   0   0   0   0   0   0.95       Portland Cement   Type I   38.15   0   0   0   39.58   36.47           Type V   0   35.82   35.82   32.41   0   0       Pozzolan   Calcined Kaolin   0   7.18   7.18   0   0   0           Fly Ash   0   0   0   6.71   0   0           White Synthetic   0   0   0   0   0   4.05       Titanium   Huntsman TR-60   6.16   0   0   0   0   1.06       Dioxide       Hollow Spheres       1.61   2.34   2.34   4.27   2.28   0       Non-reactive   Rutgers Novares LS   2.20   2.00   2.00   1.76   1.86   0       Diluent   500           Benzyl Alcohol   0   0   0   0   0   2.35       Sub-total       64.19   61.99   61.99   58.06   57.34   59.49            Aqueous Components                Water-based   Cognis Waterpoxy   5.35   16.49   16.49   14.52   10.93   15.87       amine curing   751       agent   Anquamine 287   12.65   0   0   0   4.63   0       Deionized Water           4.74   4.74   1.35   0   7.24       Dispersant   Tamol 165A   0   0   0   0   0   0.13       Titanium   Huntsman TR-60   0   0   0   11.30   11.86   16.19       Dioxide       Concrete Super   Lignotech Norlig   0.20   0   0   0   0   0       Plasticizer   24C       Latex Emulsion   Synthomer 29Y46   17.41   0   0   0   15.05   0           SBR           Rohm &amp; Haas   0   16.27   16.27   14.33   0   0           Rhoplex MC-1834       Non-reactive   Benzyl Alcohol   0   0.18   0   0   0   0       Diluent   Rutgers Novares LS   0.2   0   0.18   0.16   0.17   0           500       Defoamer   BYK-Chemie   0   0   0.16   0   0   0           BYK-011 (non-           silicone)           BYK-022 (silicone)   0   0   0   0   0   0.29           DeeFo 725E   0   0   0   0   0   0.73           (silicone)           Tego Foamex 805   0   0.33   0.17   0.29   0   0           (silicone)       Leveling Agent   Troysol LAC   0   0   0   0   0   0.05       Corrosion   Cortec MCI-2000   0   0   0   0   0.02   0       Inhibitor                               Sub-total       35.81   38.01   38.01   41.94   42.66   40.5                        Untested Examples                    103   104           Weight %   Weight %                            Non-Aqueous Components                    Liquid Amine Resin   Huntsman Jeffamine D-400   14.45   14.45           Portland Cement   Lehigh Type I   42.01   42.01           Hollow Spheres   Scotchlite K-37 Glass Bubbles   2.41   0           Sub-total       58.86   56.46                Aqueous Components                    Water-dispersed Epoxy Resin   Resolution Epi-Rez 3510-W-60   41.14   41.14           Titanium Dioxide   Huntsman TR-60   0   2.41           Sub-total       41.14   43.55                      
 
         [0042]     Any of the disclosed embodiments of the composition may be used in a process to protectively coat a surface in its entirety with a smooth, non-porous, self-leveling, substantially aggregate free, thin film coating to protect, enhance, and beautify structural surfaces such as masonry building structures, ferrous metal structures, and non-ferrous metal structures, in industries including food and beverage processing, water and wastewater processing, power generation, pulp and paper, pharmaceutical and biotech, industrial process manufacturing, and water tanks. A wide variety of colors may be mixed into the composition, and the smooth non-porous coating covers both vertical and horizontal surfaces with a slump resistant, substantially uniform thickness coating that protects from corrosion and water penetration. The process involves preparing the two-part composition according to the present invention, mixing the two parts with an appropriate amount of water, and applying the coating to the surface. The non-structural coating is typically applied without troweling to substantially all of the substrate to be protected. The formula may be applied with a brush, roller, or airless sprayer and will achieve a high build film in a single application, although multiple coats may be applied at the discretion of the user.  
         [0043]     Of critical significance, the embodiments of the claimed coating composition have flow characteristics and physical properties necessary to provide coating compositions capable of smooth, slump resistant, thin film application to large vertical surfaces using an airless sprayer to achieve a high build film in a single application. Accordingly, the inorganic components of the composition, including the hydraulic cement, the pigment, and the hollow spheres are powders having particle diameter up to approximately 90 microns.  
         [0044]     Thus, a waterborne epoxy composition is disclosed which utilizes hydraulic cement powder as an element of the epoxy composition to provide a desired initial application coat thickness with good fluidity and enhanced cure time while still providing protection against corrosion and other environmental threats. The coating composition also provides corrosion resistance equal to organic solvent based and solvent free epoxy coatings.  
         [0045]     While preferred embodiments and particular applications of this invention have been shown and described, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that many other modifications and applications of this invention are possible, including using the teaching to develop coating compositions having three or more components, without departing from the inventive concepts herein. It is, therefore, to be understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, this invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described, and the invention is not to be restricted except in the spirit of the appended claims. Though some of the features of the invention may be claimed in dependency, each feature has merit if used independently.