Abstract:
A projection illumination system which includes a source light with a projection axis passing generally centrally through this light, and dual-side light-gathering structure, including a reflector and a TIR lens structure generally embracing the source light on opposite sides thereof and along the projection axis, with this light-gathering structure being capable of directing, ultimately outwardly from the source light and unidirectionally along the projection axis, a major percentage of light generated by the source light.

Description:
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to a projection illumination system and apparatus therein, and more particularly to a system employable for tricolor projection, wherein, for a given light source energy level, a much higher percentage, and therefore higher intensity, of light emanates from the system than is possible with prior known projection systems. A preferred embodiment of the invention is described herein in the setting of tricolor video projection--an environment wherein the invention has been found to offer particular utility. 
     In the field of this invention, a consideration which looms as an ever present, significant hurdle and challenge relates to the obtaining of maximum intensity output for a given size or power level of source light. An important objective toward which prior art developments have aimed has been to produce a light projection system which can create on, for example, a projection screen at a &#34;reasonable distance&#34; from the projection structure, a brilliant, high-light-intensity image which can be viewed easily even in fairly bright ambiently illuminated space. 
     A key object of the present invention is to provide a projection system which takes a handsome advance toward achieving this objective by providing an organization of light source and optical elements, or components, which, for a given size of source light, can achieve significantly more output light than is attainable by the best known prior art competitive projection structures. 
     In a typical projection system, a source light is positioned at the focal point of a parabolic mirror located on one side of the light source and &#34;aimed&#34; on the system&#39;s projection axis. Such a &#34;one-side-gathering&#34; mirror gathers, at most, about 50% of the total light produced by the source, and, because of expected and unavoidable reflection losses, reflects only about 90% of this gathered light toward the usual optically &#34;downstream&#34; lens. The lens in such an arrangement ususally does not play any significant role in light-gathering directly from the source light. 
     By way of sharp contrast, and according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the same, at its core, is based upon a dual-side light-gathering arrangement which is very effective, and which includes, fundamentally, three coacting elements: (a) a selected, high-intensity source light: (b) a total internal reflection (TIR) lens structure: and (c) a reflector disposed in the system on the opposite side of the light source in relation to the TIR lens structure. The light source is spaced in close physical relation to the TIR lens structure in a fashion whereby one, fairly larger-percentage portion of output light from the source directly impinges a light-gathering surface expanse in the lens structure, with the reflector (preferably one having spherical curvature) gathering another, fairly large-percentage portion of light from the source, and redirecting this light also toward the same light-gathering surface expanse in the lens structure. 
     With the arrangement of the system proposed according to this invention operating, a major percentage (more than 50%) of the light which is radiated by the light source is directed toward the TIR lens structure for outputting from the system. Experience has shown that the organization proposed by this invention, for a given size or power level of source light, is capable of outputting up to about 50% more light than that which can be output utilizing the best known prior art type systems. 
     Yet another object of this invention is to provide a projection system of the type just generally outlined which is very simple in construction, relatively low in cost, and easily employed in a wide variety of light-projection structures and settings. 
     These and other objects and advantages which are attained by the present invention will become more fully apparent as the description which now follows is read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
     FIG. 1 is a schematic side illustration picturing a preferred form of the present invention. 
     FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing a modified form of the invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Turning attention first of all to FIG. 1, indicated generally at 10 is a high-intensity optical projection system, also referred to herein as an illumination system, which, fundamentally, takes the form of a combination of three cooperating/co-acting components including a TIR lens structure 12, a high-intensity, omniderectionally radiating lamp 14, also referred to as a source light, and a reflector 16. These components herein are arranged in the setting and environment of a tricolor projector, a portion of whose frame is shown fragmentarily at 13. 
     Structure 12 is, essentially, a two-element assembled structure, including elements 12a, 12b which, in accordance with conventional and commercially available technology, may, for example, be a TIR lens made commercially by a company called TIR Technologies, Inc. in Hawthorne, Calif. 
     While lens structure 12 is conventional, several things about it will be mentioned herein. As can be seen, components 12a, 12b are generally curvilinear in nature, and are assembled along a curved, faceted interface 12c which plays a significant role in the total internal reflective performance of the lens. The right-hand face of structure 12, shown at 12d, has generally spherical curvature, and is referred to herein as an output facial expanse in the structure. The left-hand face of the lens structure, shown at 12e, is also referred to herein as a light-gathering surface expanse, and this face also has generally spherical curvature. 
     Structure 12 performs in such a fashion that light which strikes face 12e passes through and is &#34;processed within&#34; the lens in such a manner that, ideally, output light emanates from face 12d in a collimated fashion, directed uniformly to the right in FIG. 1 (see arrows 15). In the particular embodiment now being described, lens structure 12 takes the form of a body of revolution which is symmetrical about a axis of revolution which, as viewed in FIG. 1, is horizontal and contained within the plane of this figure. The specific design of this lens, including its chosen facial radii and the internal faceting interface, is based upon design parameters well within the skill of those skilled in the art. 
     Lamp 14 herein has a bulb with a diameter of about 10- to about 11-millimeters, is a metal halide type lamp, and has a power output of around 250-watts. The lamp includes what is referred to herein as an optical center which is shown generally at 14a. The right side of the bulb in lamp 14, the side which is nearest to face 12e, is spaced therefrom by a distance of no more than about 1/4- inches. 
     Reflector 16 preferably is nearly hemispherical in configuration, and is positioned with its center of curvature substantially coincident with optical center 14a. 
     With energizing of lamp 14, a first portion of the light output from the lamp directly strikes facial expanse 12e and is gathered thereby for transmission through the lens structure. A large portion of the remainder of light output from lamp 14, referred to herein as a second portion of such light output, directly strikes the interior reflective surface of reflector 16, from which it is reflected back generally through optical center 14a also to strike and be gathered by facial expanse 12e. Because of this arrangement, a very high percentage, and very clearly a majority, of the light output from the lamp is directed through lens structure 12. As a consequence, for any given source lamp in such a setting, the system gathers, and transmits for projection operation, an extremely high percentage of light made available by the source light, and specifically up to about 50% more of such than that which is gathered and transmitted in known conventional projection systems. 
     The organization pictured in FIG. 1 is especially efficient because of the way in which facial expanse 12e and the inside reflective surface of reflector 16 substantially completely surround lamp 14. A way of viewing this arrangement is that lamp 14 is &#34;embraced&#34; on dual, opposite sides along a source, or system, projection axis 17 which lies in the plane of FIG. 1, and which is coincident with the previously mentioned axis of revolution of structure 12. Axis 17 passes through optical center 14a. 
     Turning attention now to FIG. 2, here there is shown a modified system 18 which includes another style of TIR lens structure 20, a lamp 22 which is the same as previously mentioned lamp 14, and a reflector 24 which is substantially the same as previously mentioned reflector 16. The frame of the tricolor projector in which system 18 &#34;resides&#34; is pictured fragmentarily at 19. 
     Structure 20, also a body of revolution, is assembled with two elements 20a, 20b which join along a faceted, curvilinear interface 20c. This structure has a right face 20d having generally spherical curvature, with this face functioning as previously mentioned face 12d in lens structure 12. Structure 20 has an opposite, left face 20e which acts as a light-gathering surface expanse such as does face 12e previously mentioned. Face 20e is substantially planar. 
     Lamp 22, which has an optical center 22a, is positioned closely adjacent face 20e, and herein at a distance of no more than about 1/4- inches. 
     Reflector 24 has the same relationship to lamp 22 physically as does previously mentioned reflector 16 with respect lamp 14. Namely, the center of curvature of reflector 24 is substantially coincident with optical center 22a. 
     In general terms, the system illustrated in FIG. 2 performs in a manner which is very much like that which characterizes the performance of the system of FIG. 1, except that it somewhat less efficiently gathers light from lamp 22. Nevertheless, this system offers performance which significantly excels in relation to the performance of known prior art projection systems. 
     The novel system thus proposed by the present invention deals very effectively with offering a significant advance in the &#34;from-source&#34; percentage of light which is effectively gathered for projection through the system. As has been mentioned, for a given source light power level, the present system has been found to be capable of delivering effectively about 50% more light, and therefore significantly more illumination intensity, than is deliverable by the best known prior art systems. 
     Featuring as is does dual-side light-gathering structure and capability, which structure generally embraces the light source on opposite sides of that source and along the system&#39;s projection axis, enhanced illumination projection capability described herein is readily attained in a very simple, relatively low cost system which can easily be implemented in a wide variety of projection platforms. 
     Accordingly, while a preferred embodiment, and one modification, of the invention have been described herein, it is appreciated that other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.