Abstract:
This invention relates to a composition comprising a mixture of herbicidal compounds and a method for controlling the growth of undesired vegetation in upland cereal and rice crops by applying to the crop after transplantation or emergence an effective amount of certain sulfonylurea herbicides, alone or the above composition comprising a mixture of herbicidal compounds.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 07/407,066 filed Sept. 14, 1989, now abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 07/288,511, filed Dec. 22, 1988, now abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 07/219,270 filed July 15, 1988, now abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 194,549 filed May 16, 1988, now abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 157,548 filed Feb. 12, 1988, now abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 082,697 filed Aug. 7, 1987, now abandoned. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to novel compositions comprising mixtures of two herbicides and to a method of controlling undesired vegetation in the growth of upland cereal and rice crops by the application of an effective amount of one of the herbicides that comprise the mixture, alone or the composition comprising the mixture. 
     New compounds effective for controlling the growth of undesired vegetation are in constant demand. In the most common situation, such compounds are sought to selectively control the growth of weeds in useful crops such as cotton, rice, corn, wheat and soybeans, to name a few. Unchecked weed growth in such crops can cause significant losses, reducing profit to the farmer and increasing costs to the consumer. There is especially a need for finding compounds that selectively control the growth of undesired vegetation in growing rice. Rice is a staple crop for millions of people of the world whose diet depends on its availability. There are many products commercially available for such purposes, but the search continues for products which are more effective, less costly and environmentally safe. 
     The &#34;sulfonylurea&#34; herbicides are an extremely potent class of herbicides discovered within the last few years. A multitude of structural variations exist within this class of herbicides, but they generally consist of a sulfonylurea bridge, --SO 2  NHCONH--, linking two aromatic or heteroaromatic rings. 
     Rice and upland cereals such as wheat, barley, oats etc. satisfy the food need of a large portion of the world&#39;s population. The continued population increase and concomitant food shortage increase the need for improvements in the production of such crops. Improving the efficiency of producing such crops by controlling undesirable weeds through the application of herbicides is continually being sought. Along with this improvement the application of herbicides to crops such as rice and wheat without injury thereto is also being sought. 
     The compound N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) propionamide (propanil) has been found very effective for controlling weeds in rice crops. U.S. Pat. No. 3,382,280 discloses herbicidal propanil. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,394,506 discloses compounds within the scope of Formula I of the present invention. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,383,113 also discloses compounds within the scope of Formula I of the present invention. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,645,527 discloses the use of certain sulfonamides to protect cereal crops from injury by compounds within the scope of Formula I of the present invention where X is CH 3 , Y is OCH 3  and Z is N. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 3,816,092 discloses a method for applying propanil to obtain a herbicidal effect. 
     There is, however, no disclosure in any of the above references of the use of the compounds they describe for control of vegetation with safety to rice or in the combination disclosed herein. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to compositions comprising mixtures of compounds of ##STR1## wherein X is CH 3  or OCH 3  ; 
     Y is OCH 3  ; and 
     Z is N or CH, 
     provided that when Z is CH then X is OCH 3  and when Z is N then X is CH 3 , 
     with compounds selected from 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, bensulfuron methyl, thiobencarb, dimepiperate, esprocarb, dymron and propanil. 
     The preferred mixtures of the invention are the compounds of Formula I wherein Z is N, X is CH 3  and Y is OCH 3  (metsulfuron methyl) with bensulfuron methyl or propanil. 
     The combination of a herbicidally effective amount of metsulfuron methyl and propanil produces a synergistic effect in the control of weeds, such as nutsedge. 
     This combination also provides a broad weed spectrum control that includes grasses such as barnyard grass and broadleaves such as cocklebur. The combination of compound I and II controls upland weeds and aquatic weeds. On applications to rice crops said applications can be made to dry seeded, water seeded or transplanted rice. The combination may be applied postemergent after planting the crop but preemergent and/or postemergent to the weeds prior to establishment of permanent flood on rice. That is, the combination may be applied to rice after flooding when the water is removed prior to permanent flooding. 
     What is meant by upland cereal is oats, wheat, barley, rye and triticale. 
     The combination of compound I and II permits the usage of lower rates of application with longer residual activity and also easier water management. 
     This invention also relates to a method for controlling the growth of undesired vegetation in a rice crop and upland cereals by applying to the crop after transplantation or emergence of the rice plants an effective amount of a compound of Formula I, alone or in combination with other herbicides. 
     The preferred methods of the invention for reasons of either more effective weed control or better crop tolerance are: 
     1. A method for controlling the growth of undesired vegetation in a rice crop by applying to the crop after transplantation or emergence of the rice plants an effective amount of a compound of Formula I wherein Z is N, X is CH 3  and Y is OCH 3 . 
     2. A method for controlling the growth of undesired vegetation in a rice crop by applying to the crop after transplantation or emergence of the rice plants an effective amount of a compound of Formula I wherein Z is CH, X and Y are OCH 3 . 
     3. A method of Preferred I in admixture with a herbicidally effective amount of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. 
     4. A method of Preferred 1 in admixture with a herbicidally effective amount of bensulfuron methyl. 
     5. A method of Preferred 1 in admixture with S-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]diethylcarbamothioate (Thiobencarb). 
     6 A method of Preferred 1 in admixture with S-1-methyl-l-phenylethylpiperidine-1-carbothioate (Dimepiperate). 
     7. A method of Preferred 1 in admixture with S-benzyl-N-ethyl-N-(1,2-dimethyl)-propylthiol carbamate (Esprocarb). 
     8. A method of Preferred 1 in admixture with 1-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)-3-p-tolylurea (Dymron). 
     9. A method of Preferred 1 in admixture with N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)propionamide (Propanil). 
     Undesired vegetation, especially broadleafed weeds, in a rice crop may be controlled by applying to the crop after transplantation or emergence an effective amount of a compound of Formula I. 
     Compounds of Formula I may be combined with other rice herbicides, such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, benzsulfuron methyl, S-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]diethylcarbamothioate, S-1-methyl-1-phenylethylpiperidine-1-carbothioate, S-benzyl-N-ethyl-N-(1,2-dimethyl)propylthiol carbamate or 1-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)-3-p-tolylurea to broaden the spectrum of weed control. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The compounds of Formula I are known in the art Their chemical names are: 
     methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoate (X is CH 3 , Y is OCH 3  and Z is N.) 
     methyl 2-[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoate (X is OCH 3 , Y is OCH 3  and Z is CH.) 
     In addition, methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoate is known under the common name of metsulfuron methyl. 
     The compounds of Formula I wherein X is OCH 3 , Y is OCH 3 , and Z is CH and wherein X is CH 3 , Y is OCH 3  and Z is N can be prepared by the processes specifically taught in Examples 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 12 and 13 of U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,394,506 and 4,383,113. 
     Propanil and its preparation is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,382,280. The use of propanil is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,816,092. 
     As discussed in the Utility section, the compounds of the instant invention are particularly effective in controlling broadleafed weeds and sedges when combined with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), its agriculturally suitable esters or salts, or with benzsulfuron methyl, or with Thiobencarb, or with Dimepiperate, or with Esprocarb, or with Dymron or with propanil. 2,4-D, its esters and salts are well known in the art of weed control. Some of its more frequently used esters are prepared from 2-propanol, n-butanol, 2-butoxyethanol and 6-methyl-1-heptanol. Some of its more frequently used salts are sodium, diethanolamine, diethylamine, dimethylamine, ethanolamine, methylamine and triethanolamine. Neither the list of esters nor the list of salts is intended to be limiting. 
     The complete chemical name of benzsulfuron methyl is methyl 2-[[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]methyl]-benzoate. It is sold under the tradename of Londax® Herbicide by E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company for weed control in rice. It is specifically disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,420,325 and can be prepared by the general processes described therein. 
     Formulations 
     Useful formulations of the compounds of Formula I can be prepared in conventional ways. They include dusts, granules, pellets, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates and the like. Many of these may be applied directly. Sprayable formulations can be extended in suitable media and used at spray volumes of from a few liters to several hundred liters per hectare. High strength compositions are primarily used as intermediates for further formulation. The formulations, broadly, contain about 1to 99% by weight of active ingredient(s) and at least one of (a) about 0.1% to 20% surfactant(s) and (b) about 5% to 99% solid or liquid diluent(s). More specifically, they will contain these ingredients in the following approximate proportions: 
     
         ______________________________________      Percent by Weight      Active      Ingredient(s)               Diluent(s)                         Surfactant(s)______________________________________Wettable powders        20-90       0-74      1-10Oil Suspensions,         5-50      40-95      0-15Emulsions, Solutions,(including Emulsifi-able Concentrates)Aqueous Suspensions        10-50      40-84      1-20Dusts         1-25      70-99     0-5Granules and Pellets         1-95       5-99      0-15High Strength        90-99       0-10     0-2Compositions______________________________________ 
    
     Lower or higher levels of active ingredient can, of course, be present depending on the intended use and the physical properties of the compound. Higher ratios of surfactant to active ingredient are sometimes desirable, and are achieved by incorporation into the formulation or by tank mixing. 
     Typical solid diluents are described in Watkins, et al., &#34;Handbook of Insecticide Dust Diluents and Carriers&#34;, 2nd Ed., Dorland Books, Caldwell, N.J., but other solids, either mined or manufactured, may be used. The more absorptive diluents are preferred for wettable powders and the denser ones for dusts. Typical liquid diluents and solvents are described in Marsden, &#34;Solvents Guide,&#34; 2nd Ed., Interscience, New York, 1985. Solubility under 0.1% is preferred for suspension concentrates; solution concentrates are preferably stable against phase separation at 0° C. &#34;McCutcheon&#39;s Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual&#34;, MC Publishing Corp., Ridgewood, N.J., as well as Sisely and Wood, &#34;Encyclopedia of Surface Active Agents&#34;, Chemical Publishing Co., Inc, New York, 1964, list surfactants and recommended uses. All formulations can contain minor amounts of additives to reduce foaming, caking, corrosion, microbiological growth, etc. 
     The methods of making such compositions are well known. Solutions are prepared by simply mixing the ingredients. Fine solid compositions are made by blending and, usually, grinding as in a hammer or fluid energy mill. Suspensions are prepared by wet milling (see, for example, Littler, U.S. Pat. No. 3,060,084). Granules and pellets may be made by spraying the active material upon preformed granular carriers or by agglomeration techniques. See J. E. Browning, &#34;Agglomeration&#34;, Dec. 4, 1967, pp. 147ff. and &#34;Perry&#39;s Chemical Engineer&#39;s Handbook&#34;, 5th Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1973, pp. 8-57ff. 
     For further information regarding the art of formulation, see for example: 
     H. M. Loux, U.S. Pat. No. 3,235,361, Feb. 15, 1966, Col. 6, line 16 through Col. 7, line 19 and Examples 10 through 41; 
     R. W. Luckenbaugh, U.S. Pat. No. 3,309,192, Mar. 14, 1967, Col. 5, line 43 through Col. 7, line 62 and Examples 8, 12, 15, 39, 41, 52, 53, 58, 132, 138-140, 162-164, 166, 167 and 169-182; 
     H. Gysin and E. Knusli, U.S. Pat. No. 2,891,855, June 23, 1959, Col. 3, line 66 through Col. 5, line 17 and Examples 1-4; 
     G. C. Klingman, &#34;Weed Control as a Science&#34;, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1961, pp. 81-96; and 
     J. D. Fryer and S. A. Evans, &#34;Weed Control Handbook&#34;, 5th Ed., Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1968, pp. 101-103. 
    
    
     EXAMPLE 1 
     Wettable Powder 
     
         ______________________________________2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, sodium salt                    60%methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-                    1%1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]-amino]sulfonyl]benzoatedodecylphenol polyethylene glycol ether                    2%sodium ligninsulfonate   4%sodium silicoaluminate   6%sodium carbonate         2%montmorillonite (calcined)                    25%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are thoroughly blended. The liquid surfactant is added by spraying upon the solid ingredients in the blender. After grinding in a hammermill to produce particles essentially all below 100 microns, the material is reblended and sifted through a U.S.S. No. 50 sieve (0.3 mm opening) and packaged. 
     EXAMPLE 2 
     Wettable Powder 
     
         ______________________________________methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-                       40%2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoatedioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate                       1.5%sodium ligninsulfonate      3%low viscosity methyl cellulose                       1.5%attapulgite                 54%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are thoroughly blended, passed through an air mill, to produce an average particle size under 15 microns, reblended, and sifted through a U.S.S. No. 50 sieve (0.3 mm opening) before packaging. 
     EXAMPLE 3 
     Granule 
     
         ______________________________________wettable powder of Example 2                25%gypsum               64%potassium sulfate    11%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are blended in a rotating mixer and water sprayed on to accomplish granulation. When most of the material has reached the desired range of 1.0 to 0.42 mm, (U.S.S. #18 to 40 sieves), the granules are removed, dried and screened. Oversize material is crushed to produce additional material in the desired range. These granules contain 10% active ingredient. 
     EXAMPLE 4 
     Oil Suspension 
     
         ______________________________________methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-2-                    25%pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-benzoatepolyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate                     5%highly aliphatic hydrocarbon oil                    70%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are ground together in a sand mill until the solid particles have been reduced to under about 5 microns. The resulting thick suspension may be applied directly, but preferably after being extended with oils or emulsified in water. 
     EXAMPLE 5 
     Aqueous Suspension 
     
         ______________________________________methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-                      25%2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoatehydrated attapulgite       3%crude calcium ligninsulfonate                      10%sodium dihydrogen phosphate                      0.5%water                      61.5%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are ground together in a ball or roller mill until the solid particles have been reduced to diameters under 10 microns. 
     EXAMPLE 6 
     Wettable Powder 
     
         ______________________________________methyl 2-[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)-                      95%amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoatedioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate                      0.5%sodium ligninsulfonate     1.5%synthetic fine silica      3.0%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are blended and ground in a hammermill to produce particles, almost all of which are below 100 microns in size. This material is sifted through a U.S.S. No. 50 (0.3 mm) screen and then packaged. 
     EXAMPLE 7 
     Granule 
     
         ______________________________________wettable powder of Example 6                8%wettable powder of Example 2                2%attapulgite granules 90%(U.S.S. No. 20-40 mesh)______________________________________ 
    
     A slurry of the wettable powders is sprayed onto the surface of the granules, which are being mixed in a blender. After the slurry has been added, the granules are removed from the blender, dried and packaged. 
     EXAMPLE 8 
     Oil Suspension 
     
         ______________________________________2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, butoxyethyl                      24.6%estermethyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-                      0.4%1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]-amino]sulfonyl]benzoatepolyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate                      5%highly aliphatic hydrocarbon oil                      70%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are ground together in a sand mill until the solid particles have been reduced to under about 5 microns. The resulting thick suspension may be applied directly, but preferably after being extended with oils or emulsified in water. 
     EXAMPLE 9 
     Extruded Pellet 
     
         ______________________________________methyl 2-[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]-                       25%carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoateanhydrous sodium sulfate    10%crude calcium ligninsulfonate                        5%sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate                        1%calcium/magnesium bentonite 59%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are blended, hammermilled and then moistened with about 12% water. The mixture is extruded as cylinders about 3 mm diameter which are cut to produce pellets about 3 mm long. These may be used directly after drying, or the dried pellets may be crushed to pass a U.S.S. No. 20 sieve (0.84 mm openings). The granules held on a U.S.S. No. 40 sieve (0.42 mm openings) may be packaged for use and the fines recycled. 
     EXAMPLE 10 
     Granule 
     
         ______________________________________methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-                     10%2-yl]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoatemethyl 2-[[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-                     50%pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino-sulfonyl]methyl]benzoatewetting agent              1%dispersing agent           2%crude ligninsulfonate salt (containing                     10%5-20 of the natural sugars)attapulgite clay          27%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are blended and milled to pass through a 100 mesh screen. This material is then added to a fluid bed granulator, the air flow is adjusted to gently fluidize the material, and a fine spray of water is sprayed onto the fluidized material. The fluidization and spraying are continued until granules of the desired size range are made. The spraying is stopped, but fluidization is continued, optionally with heat, until the water content is reduced to the desired level, generally less than 1%. The material is then discharged, screened to the desired size range, generally 14-100 mesh (1410-149 microns), and packaged for use. 
     EXAMPLE 11 
     Wettable Powder 
     
         ______________________________________methyl 2-[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)-                    80%amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoatesodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate                    2%sodium ligninsulfonate   2%synthetic amorphous silica                    3%kaolinite                13%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are blended and then ground in a hammermill to produce particles with an average particle size less than 25 microns in diameter. The material is reblended and sifted through a U.S.S. No. 50 sieve (0.3 mm opening) before being packaged. 
     EXAMPLE 12 
     Wettable Powder 
     
         ______________________________________methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-                       4%triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]-sulfonyl]benzoatemethyl 2-[[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)-                       36%amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]methyl]benzoatedioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate                       1.5%sodium ligninsulfonate      3%low viscosity methyl cellulose                       1.5%attapulgite                 54%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are thoroughly blended, passed through an air mill, to produce an average particle size under 15 microns, reblended, and sifted through a U.S.S. No. 50 sieve (0.3 mm opening) before packaging. 
     All compounds of the invention may be formulated in the same manner. 
     EXAMPLE 13 
     Extruded Pellet 
     
         ______________________________________methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-                 1%1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]-amino]sulfonyl]benzoatemethyl 2-[[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-                 24%pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino-sulfonyl]methyl]benzoateanhydrous sodium sulfate                 10%crude calcium ligninsulfonate                 5%sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate                 1%calcium/magnesium bentonite                 59%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are blended, hammermilled and then moistened with about 12% water. The mixture is extruded as cylinders about 3 mm diameter which are cut to produce pellets about 3 mm long. These may be used directly after drying, or the dried pellets may be crushed to pass a U.S.S. No. 20 sieve (0.84 mm openings). The granules held on a U.S.S. No. 40 sieve (0.42 mm openings) may be packaged for use and the fines recycled. 
     EXAMPLE 14 
     Wettable Powder 
     
         ______________________________________methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-                     65%2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoatedodecylphenol polyethylene glycol ether                     2%sodium ligninsulfonate    4%sodium silicoaluminate    6%montmorillonite (calcined)                     23%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are thoroughly blended. The liquid surfactant is added by spraying upon the solid ingredients in the blender. After grinding in a hammermill to produce particles essentially all below 100 microns, the material is reblended and sifted through a U.S.S. No. 50 sieve (0.3 mm opening) and packaged. 
     EXAMPLE 15 
     Wettable Powder 
     
         ______________________________________2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid,                      49.5%sodium saltmethyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-                      0.5%2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoatesodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate                      2%low viscosity methyl cellulose                      2%diatomaceous earth         46%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are blended, coarsely hammermilled and then air milled to produce particles of active essentially all below 10 microns in diameter. The product is reblended before packaging. 
     EXAMPLE 16 
     Wettable Powder 
     
         ______________________________________S-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]diethylcarbamothioate                      60%methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-                      1%1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]-amino]sulfonyl]benzoatedodecylphenol polyethylene glycol ether                      2%sodium ligninsulfonate     4%sodium silicoaluminate     6%sodium carbonate           2%montmorillonite (calcined) 25%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are thoroughly blended. The liquid surfactant is added by spraying upon the solid ingredients in the blender. After grinding in a hammermill to produce particles essentially all below 100 microns, the material is reblended and sifted through a U.S.S. No. 50 sieve (0.3 mm opening) and packaged. 
     EXAMPLE 17 
     Wettable Powder 
     
         ______________________________________S-1-methyl-1-phenylethylpiperidine-1-carbothioate                     60%methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-                     1%1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]-amino]sulfonyl]benzoatedodecylphenol polyethylene glycol ether                     2%sodium ligninsulfonate    4%sodium silicoaluminate    6%sodium carbonate          2%montmorillonite (calcined)                     25%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are thoroughly blended. The liquid surfactant is added by spraying upon the solid ingredients in the blender. After grinding in a hammermill to produce particles essentially all below 100 microns, the material is reblended and sifted through a U.S.S. No. 50 sieve (0.3 mm opening) and packaged. 
     EXAMPLE 18 
     Wettable Powder 
     
         ______________________________________S-benzyl-N-ethyl-N-(1,2-dimethyl)-propylthiol                     60%carbamatemethyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-                     1%1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]-amino]sulfonyl]benzoatedodecylphenol polyethylene glycol ether                     2%sodium ligninsulfonate    4%sodium silicoaluminate    6%sodium carbonate          2%montmorillonite (calcined)                     25%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are thoroughly blended. The liquid surfactant is added by spraying upon the solid ingredients in the blender. After grinding in a hammermill to produce particles essentially all below 100 microns, the material is reblended and sifted through a U.S.S. No. 50 sieve (0.3 mm opening) and packaged. 
     EXAMPLE 19 
     Wettable Powder 
     
         ______________________________________1-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)-3- -p-tolylurea                   60%methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-                   1%1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]-amino]sulfonyl]benzoatedodecylphenol polyethylene glycol ether                   2%sodium ligninsulfonate  4%sodium silicoaluminate  6%sodium carbonate        2%montmorillonite (calcined)                   25%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are thoroughly blended. The liquid surfactant is added by spraying upon the solid ingredients in the blender. After grinding in a hammermill to product particles essentially all below 100 microns, the material is reblended and sifted through a U.S.S. No. 50 sieve (0.3 mm opening) and packaged. 
     EXAMPLE 20 
     Wettable Powder 
     
         ______________________________________Propanil                60%methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-                   1%1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]-amino]sulfonyl]benzoatedodecylphenol polyethylene glycol ether                   2%sodium ligninsulfonate  4%sodium silicoaluminate  6%sodium carbonate        2%montmorillonite (calcined)                   25%______________________________________ 
    
     The ingredients are thoroughly blended. The liquid surfactant is added by spraying upon the solid ingredients in the blender. After grinding in a hammermill to produce particles essentially all below 100 microns, the material is reblended and sifted through a U.S.S. No. 50 sieve (0.3 mm opening) and packaged. 
     Utility 
     The compounds of this invention are useful for the control of both upland and aquatic weeds in rice and upland cereal crops such as wheat and may be used in both transplanted and direct seeded rice. They are applied postemergence to the crop and may be applied from 7 days after transplanting or emergence to the time the rice crop has closed and no longer needs chemical weed control. They may be applied as a foliar spray in sufficient water to evenly distribute the treatment. Additives may be included in the spray to aid in penetration of the treatment. 
     According to the method of this invention in the case of rice, it is preferred to apply metsulfuron methyl in combination with propanil to the field when not in water-filled condition, after seeding or transplantation of rice. The optimal timing and method of application could be selected based on the location of the field, the timing of rice cultivation, the variety of rice, and the kind and growth condition of the weeds to be controlled. 
     Metsulfuron methyl in combination with propanil are particularly effective on sedges. In particular, metsulfuron methyl with propanil are useful for the control of troublesome broadleaf and grass weeds in direct-seeded upland rice (Oryza sativa) and in direct-seeded paddy rice. These mixtures could also be used for weed control in transplanted paddy rice and for weed control in cereal crops such as barley (Hordeum vulgare), triticale (Triticum-Secale), and wheat (Triticum aestivum) or in combination with commercial insecticides, fungicides or other herbicides. Examples of herbicides suitable for use with metsulfuron methyl and propanil are those herbicides of the triazine, triazole, imidazolinone, uracil, urea, amide, diphenylether, cineole, carbamate, dinitroaniline, and bipyridilium types. 
     The compounds of the invention are also effective in controlling broadleafed weeds and may be combined with other rice herbicides to broaden the spectrum of weed control. They are particularly effective on broadleafed weeds and sedges when combined with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), its agriculturally suitable esters or salts, or with benzsulfuron methyl. 
     Particularly useful combinations with 2,4-D comprise ratios of instant compound to 2,4-D of 4:125 to 1:625. Particularly useful combinations with benzsulfuron methyl comprise ratios of instant compound to benzsulfuron methyl of 1:2 to 1:50. The compounds of this invention may also be mixed with other rice herbicides including thiobencarb, esprocarb, dymron, dimepiperate, butachlor, molinate, ethyl 5-[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]-carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-1-methyl-1-H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, naproanilide, bentazon, cinmethylin, chlormethoxnyl, quinchlorac, pretilachlor, MCPA, propanil, diflufenican, oxadiazon, and pyrazolate. 
     Except for the combination of metsulfuron methyl and propanil the application rates of the compounds of this invention may vary from 0.5 to 10 g/ha (preferably 1 to 5 g/ha) depending on weeds to be controlled, stage of growth of the crop and weeds, crop variety and environmental conditions at the time of application. One with ordinary skill in the art can select the rate to be used in each situation. 
     A herbicidally effective amount of the combination of metsulfuron methyl and propanil is generally the application of 500 to 25,000 g/ha. Preferably this amount is 625 to 6800 g/ha and most preferably this amount is 1500 to 5000 g/ha. What encompasses a herbicidally effective amount of the combination will vary according to the conditions of the field soil, weather conditions, location and others such as the crop and weeds and crop variety. 
     The amount of metsulfuron methyl relative to propanil is generally in a weight ratio of metsulfuron methyl to propanil of from 1:156 to 1:13600. Preferably this ratio is 1:200 to 1:4000, most preferably from 1:500 to 1:2000 and particularly 1:500 to 1:1000 of metsulfuron methyl to propanil by weight. 
     The examples below clearly demonstrate the utility of the compounds of this invention both alone and in mixtures. 
     EXAMPLES OF TEST A 
     Methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoate (Compound 1) and mixtures thereof with other compounds were applied as a spray (using a hand sprayer) to rice (either transplanted or direct seeded) in several rice growing areas in Southeast Asia and in the U.S. Tables 1-26 contain the results of these tests and clearly exemplify the utility of this invention. The details of each application are included in the appropriate table. ##STR2## 
     
                       TABLE 1______________________________________Herbicidal efficacy.sup.1 of Compound 1 in ThailandTREAT- RATE.sup.2            SZ.sup.5 CY.sup.5                            SZ.sup.5                                   SZ.sup.5MENT.sup.3  (GAI/HA)  2WAA.sup.4                     2WAA.sup.4                            4WAA.sup.4                                   6WAA.sup.4______________________________________Trial 1  2         100      33     100    100  3          99      67     100    100  4         100      67     100    100  6         100      67     100    100Trial 2  2          97       0      99     99  3         100      67     100    100  4          99      33      99    100  6         100      67     100    100______________________________________ .sup.1 100 denotes complete control, and 0 denotes no control. .sup.2 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.3 Treatments applied at 36 days after seeding. .sup.4 WAA = weeks after application (evaluation). .sup.5 Abbreviations: SZ = Sphenoclea zeylanica CY = Cyperus species 
    
     
                                           TABLE 2__________________________________________________________________________Effects of Compound 1 on rice growth in Thailandbased on an average of three results           PHYTOTOXICITY.sup.2TREATMENT    GAI/HA.sup.1           7 DAS.sup.3                 14 DAS.sup.3                       21 DAS.sup.3                             28 DAS.sup.3__________________________________________________________________________Compound 1     3     1.67  1.0   0     0Compound 1     6     1.33  1.0   0     02,4-D (SODIUM    600    2.33  1.33  0     0SALT)2,4-D (BUTYL    600    2.0   1.67  0     0ESTER)Compound 1 +    3 + 600           2.33  1.0   0.67  02,4-D (SODIUMSALT)Compound 1 +    3 + 600           2.67  1.33  0     02,4-D (BUTYLESTER)Compound 1 +    3 + 600           2.0   1.0   0     0PROPANIL__________________________________________________________________________ .sup.1 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.2 Phytotoxicity scale is: 0 = no effect 3 = unacceptable 10 = 100% plant death .sup.3 DAS = days after seeding (application time). 
    
     
                                           TABLE 3__________________________________________________________________________Herbicidal efficacy of Compound 1 andcombinations with 2,4-D in Thailandbased on an average of three results    RATE.sup.1    (GAI/ FIMBRISTYLIS MILIACEA CONTROL.sup.2TREATMENT    HA)   7 DAS.sup.3                14 DAS.sup.3                       21 DAS.sup.3                             28 DAS.sup.3__________________________________________________________________________Compound 1     3    53    20      0     0Compound 1     6    73    40      0     02,4-D (SODIUM    600   96    95     93    98SALT)2,4-D (BUTYL    600   94    98     60    43ESTER)Compound 1 +    3 + 600          97    90     92    1002,4-D (SODIUMSALT)Compound 1    3 + 600          70    47     27    432,4-D (BUTYLESTER__________________________________________________________________________ .sup.1 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.2 % Control evaluated at 6 weeks after application. .sup.3 DAS = days after seeding (application time). 
    
     
                                           TABLE 4__________________________________________________________________________Effects of Compound 1 on rice growth in Thailandbased on an average of three results           PHYTOTOXICITY.sup.2TREATMENTS    GAI/HA.sup.1           7 DAS.sup.3                 14 DAS.sup.3                       21 DAS.sup.3                             28 DAS.sup.3__________________________________________________________________________Compound 1     3     1.67  1.0   0.67  0Compound 1     6     1.67  1.0   1.0   02,4-D (SODIUM    600    5.0   3.67  3.0   1SALT)2,4-D (BUTYL    600    3.67  2.33  2.67  3ESTER)Compound 1 +    3 + 600           4.67  2.67  4.33  1.672,4-D (SODIUMSALT)Compound 1 +    3 + 600           3.33  2.33  4.0   2.02,4-D (BUTYLESTER)__________________________________________________________________________ .sup.1 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.2 Phytotoxicity scale is: 0 = no effect 3 = unacceptable 10 = 100% plant death .sup.3 DAS = days after seeding (application time). 
    
     
                                           TABLE 5__________________________________________________________________________Herbicidal efficacy of Compound 1 inrelation to application timing in Indonesia    RATES.sup.2          MV.sup.3 CI.sup.3                           PS.sup.3                                 RICETREATMENT.sup.1    GAI/HA.sup.2          1.sup.4             2  3  1 2  3  1 2 3 1  2  3__________________________________________________________________________          % CONTROLCompound 1    2     80  80                100                    0                     0  0  0 0 0 0  0  0.sup. (3 WAT).sup.5    3     80 100                100                   20                     0  0  0 0 0 0  0  0    4     100             100                100                   20                     0  0  0 0 0 0  0  0    6     80 100                100                   20                     0  0  0 0 0 0  0  0    8     100             100                100                   20                     0  0  0 0 0 0  0  0Compound 1    2     80 100                100                    0                     0  0  0 0 0 0  0  0(4 WAT)    3     80 100                100                    0                     0  0  0 0 0 0  10 0    4     80 100                100                   20                     20 0  0 0 0 20 20 0    6     80 100                100                   20                     20 0  0 0 0 20 20 0    8     100             100                100                   20                     20 0  0 0 0 20 20 0Compound 1    2     80  80                 80                    0                     0  0  0 0 0 10 0  0(5 WAT)    3     80 100                100                   50                     20 0  0 0 0 10 0  0    4     80 100                100                   60                     30 0  0 0 0 30 0  0    6     80 100                100                   60                     40 0  0 0 0 0  0  0    8     100             100                100                   60                     60 30 0 0 0 30 10 0__________________________________________________________________________ .sup.1 Plots drained prior to application and reflooded 3 days later. .sup.2 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.3 Abbreviations: MV = Monochoria vaginalis CI = Cyperus iria PS = Pistia stratioides .sup.4 Weeks after application (evaluation). .sup.5 WAT = weeks after transplanting (application). 
    
     
                                           TABLE 6__________________________________________________________________________Herbicidal efficacy of Compound 1 in Indonesia    RATES.sup.2          SM.sup.3                SJ       MV       EC    RICETREATMENT.sup.1    GAI/HA.sup.2          2.sup.4            5 7 2  5  7  2  5  7  2 5 7 2__________________________________________________________________________          % CONTROLCompound 1    3     30            70              80                60  90                      70 100                            100                               100                                  20                                    30                                      0 10    4     40            70              80                60 100                      70  90                            100                               100                                  20                                    30                                      0 10    6     30            90              90                90 100                      80 100                            100                               100                                  20                                    30                                      0 10    8     40            80              90                80 100                      80 100                            100                               100                                  20                                    30                                      0 10Compound 1 +    3 + 515          20            70              80                90 100                      100                         100                            100                               100                                  20                                    30                                      0 10HERBA-   4 + 515          30            90              80                80  90                      100                          90                            100                               100                                  20                                    30                                      0 10ZOL.sup.5    6 + 515          30            70              90                80 100                      80 100                            100                               100                                  20                                    40                                      0 10HERBAZOL 515   10            50              30                80 100                      90  80                             50                                50                                  20                                    30                                      0 10    1033   0            50              30                100                   100                      90 100                             50                                50                                  20                                    30                                      0 10__________________________________________________________________________ .sup.1 Application was at 2 weeks after transplanting. Plots were drained prior to application and reflooded 3 days after application. .sup.2 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.3 Abbreviations: SM = Salvinia molesta MV = Monochoria vaginalis SJ = Scripus juncoides EC = Echinochloa crusgalli .sup.4 Weeks after application (evaluation). .sup.5 2,4D amine salt. 
    
     
                       TABLE 7______________________________________Effects of herbicide treatments on thecrop tolerance of transplanted riceTREATMENTS  CROP TOLERANCE.sup.1GAI/HA.sup.2       1 WAA.sup.3                2WAA      4WAA  6WAA______________________________________Compound 13           0        0         0     04           0        0         0     06           1        0         0     08           1        1         0     0Compound 1 +HERBAZOL.sup.43 + 515     0        0         0     04 + 515     1        0         0     06 + 515     2        1         0     0HERBAZOL  515       1        1         0     01,030       2        2         0     0______________________________________ .sup.1 Crop tolerance rating: 0 = no effect; 10 = completely killed .sup.2 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.3 WAA = weeks after application (evaluation). .sup.4 2,4D amine salt. 
    
     
                       TABLE 8______________________________________Herbicidal efficacy of Compound 1 andcombinations with 2,4-D in MalaysiaTREAT-  RATES.sup.2MENT.sup.1   GAI/HA    SG.sup.3                    MV    SZ   CD   FM   MC______________________________________       % CONTROLCom-    1         80      95    0    0    0    20pound 1 2         100     95   100  100  100   95   3         95     100   100   95   50  100   4         95     100   100  100   50   95   5         100    100   100  100   20  1002,4-D.sup.4   500       50      90   100   95  100   0   1000      75     100   100  100  100   0Com-    1 + 500   90      95   100   67  100   95pound 1 +   2 + 500   95     100   100   95  100  1002,4-D   3 + 500   100    100   100  100  100  100   4 + 500   100    100   100  100  100  100   5 + 500   100    100   100   95    95 100______________________________________ .sup.1 Applications at 30 days after seeding. Evaluation at 22 days after treatment. .sup.2 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.3 Abbreviations: SG = Scripus grossus MV = Monochoria vaginalis SZ = Sphenoclea zeylanica CD = Cyperus difformis FM = Fimbristylis miliacea MC = Marsilea crenata .sup.4 2,4D was dimethylamine salt. 
    
     
                       TABLE 9______________________________________Broadleaf weed control with a late-postapplication of Compound 1 in Beaumont, TexasRATEG/HA  RICE    EC     SE   AI  CC   COM   EA   SEDGE______________________________________% INJURY OR CONTROL3     3       26     68   68  11   13    13   436     5       30     62   62  19   24    23   5612    6       24     46   46  18   23    15   56______________________________________ 1. Compound 1 applied with 0.25% AG98 wetting agent. 2. Application rate is stated in units of grams active ingredient per hectare. 3. Treated 30 days after seeding (24 days after emergence) to wet soil; flooded 24 days after emergence (6 days after application); evaluated at 70 days after seeding. 4. Abbreviations: EC = Echinochloa colonum SE = Sesbania exaltata AI = Aeschynomene indica CC = Caperonia castaniifolia COM = Commelina communis EA = Eclipta alba SEDGE = Annual sedge (?) 
    
     
                       TABLE 10______________________________________Field Test Results of Compound 1 + Bensulfuronmethyl for weed control in direct seeded rice           WEEDS           CONTROL.sup.2                       YIELD           at 4 WAA    TONS/TREATMENTS  GAI/HA.sup.1                 SZ.sup.3                        CI.sup.4                              MC.sup.5                                   HA______________________________________COMPOUND 1   2        7.93   0     10   3.62COMPOUND 1   4        9.33   0     10   3.62BENSULFURON 10        0      2     0    3.04METHYLBENSULFURON 20        6      8     3.33 3.34METHYLCOMPOUND 1 +       2 + 10    9.1    6.33  10   3.64BENSULFURONMETHYLCOMPOUND 1 +       4 + 10    9.93   5.0   10   3.79BENSULFURONMETHYLCOMPOUND 1 +       2 + 20    8.33   5.67  10   3.50BENSULFURONMETHYLCOMPOUND 1 +       4 + 20    10     9.0   10   3.72BENSULFURONMETHYLUNTREATED   --        0      0     0    2.75______________________________________ .sup.1 Application rate is stated in units of grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.2 10 is complete control, and 0 is no control, WAA = weeks after application (evaluation). .sup.3 SZ = Sphenoclea zeylanica .sup. 4 CI = Cyperus iria .sup.5 MC = Marsilea crenata 
    
     
                                           TABLE 11__________________________________________________________________________Field Test Results of Compound 1 +Bensulfuron methyl appliedat 7 DAS.sup.1 for weed control in direct seeded rice           PHYTO.sup.3                WEED CONTROL.sup.4                           YIELD     GM.A.I..sup.2 /           at   at 6 WAA   TONS/TREATMENTS     HA    2 WAA                SZ.sup.5                     CD.sup.6                           HA__________________________________________________________________________COMPOUND 1      4    0    10   10    4.90BENSULFURON     10    0    10   10    4.92METHYL    15    0    10   10    4.99     20    0    10   10    5.01     30    0    10   10    4.67COMPOUND 1 +     4 + 10           0    10   10    5.35BENSULFURON     4 + 15           0    10   10    4.56METHYL    4 + 20           0    10   10    4.73COMPOUND 1 +      4 + 750           0    10   10    4.812,4-D (NA)72,4-D (NA)     1,500 0    6.0  10    4.13UNTREATED --    0    0     0    3.55__________________________________________________________________________ .sup.1 DAS = Days after seeding .sup.2 Application rate is stated in units of grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.3 Phytotoxicity is rated on a scale of: 0 = no effect 3 = unacceptable 10 = 100% plant death .sup.4 Control is rated on a scale of: 0 = no control 10 = complete control WAA = weeks after application .sup.5 SZ = Sphenoclea zeylanica .sup.6 CD = Cyperus difformis .sup.7 Sodium salt of 2,4D. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 12__________________________________________________________________________Field Test Results of Compound 1 +Bensulfuron methyl applied at 18 DAS.sup.1for weed control in direct seeded rice                WEED           PHYTO.sup.3                CONTROL.sup.4                             YIELD     GM.A.I..sup.2 /           at   at 6 WAA     TONS/TREATMENTS     HA    2 WAA                SZ.sup.5                   CI.sup.6                      FM.sup.7                          JL.sup.8                             HA__________________________________________________________________________COMPOUND 1      4    0    6.33                   0.33                      0   7.67                             4.65BENSULFURON     10    0    5.67                   6.67                      10  8.0                             4.61METHYL    15    0    6.67                   9.0                      9.67                          7.67                             4.49     20    0    5.67                   9.33                      10  9.50                             4.61     30    0    9.67                   9.67                      10  8.67                             5.17COMPOUND 1 +     4 + 10           0    10 8.83                      10  9.50                             5.40BENSULFURON     4 + 15           0    10 10 10  10 5.40METHYL    4 + 20           0    10 9.63                      9.67                          10 5.06COMPOUND 1 +      4 + 750           0    9.0                   9.67                      9.0 10 5.042,4-D (NA).sup.92,4-D (NA)     1,500 0    4.67                   9.33                      9.33                          10 4.59UNTREATED --    0    0  0  0   0  4.31__________________________________________________________________________ .sup.1 DAS = Days after seeding .sup.2 Application rate is stated in units of grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.3 Phytotoxicity is rated on a scale of: 0 = no effect 3 = unacceptable 10 = 100% plant death WAA = weeks after application .sup.4 Control is rated on a scale of: 0 = no control 10 = complete control WAA = weeks after application .sup.5 SZ = Sphenoclea zeylanica .sup.6 CI = Cyperus iria .sup.7 FM = Fimbristylis miliacea .sup.8 JL = Jussiaea linifolia .sup.9 Sodium salt of 2,4D. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 13__________________________________________________________________________Field Test Results of Compound 1 +Bensulfuron methyl applied at 25 DAS.sup.1for weed control in direct seeded rice           PHYTO.sup.3                WEED CONTROL.sup.4                           YIELD     GM.A.I..sup.2 /           at   at 6 WAA   TONS/TREATMENTS     HA    2 WAA                SZ.sup.5                     CI.sup.6                           HA__________________________________________________________________________COMPOUND 1      4    0    9.53 0     5.04BENSULFURON     10    0    9.17 9.67  4.77METHYL    15    0    9.80 9.83  4.85     20    0    9.50 10    5.40     30    0    9.93 10    5.51COMPOUND 1 +     4 + 10           0    10   9.5   5.57BENSULFURON     4 + 15           0    10   10    5.51METHYL    4 + 20           0    9.83 10    5.34COMPOUND 1 +      4 + 750           0    10   10    4.832,4-D (NA).sup.72,4-D (NA)     1,500 0    6.67 10    4.59UNTREATED --    0    0    0     4.27__________________________________________________________________________ .sup.1 DAS = Days after seeding .sup.2 Application rate is stated in units of grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.3 Phytotoxicity is rated on a scale of: 0 = no effect 3 = unacceptable 10 = 100% plant death WAA = weeks after application .sup.4 Control is rated on a scale of: 0 = no control 10 = complete control WAA = weeks after application .sup.5 SZ = Sphenoclea zeylanica .sup.6 CI = Cyperus iria .sup.7 Sodium salt of 2,4D. 
    
     
                       TABLE 14______________________________________Field Test Results of Compound 1 +Bensulfuron Methyl, Applied 7 DAS.sup.1,for weed control in direct seeded rice in thePhilippines, average of 3 repetitions                 %        %      %        PHYTO.sup.3                 WEED     BYG.sup.4                                 SEDGETREATMENTS   (1-9)    COVER    COVER  COVERG AI/HA.sup.2        30 DAA   47 DAA   47 DAA 47 DAA______________________________________COMPOUND 1 1.65 +        1.7      20       18     5BENSULFURONMETHYL 8.25COMPOUND 1 2.40 +        2.3      28       17     3BENSULFURONMETHYL 12.0COMPOUND 1 3.33 +        4.3       3        3     0.5BENSULFURONMETHYL 16.5COMPOUND 1 1.65        2        29       26     5COMPOUND 1 2.40        2.3      35       35     6COMPOUND 1 3.33        3.3      35       35     4COMPOUND 1 8.25        1.3      29       29     4COMPOUND 1 12.0        1        20       17     2COMPOUND 1 16.50        1.7      28       28     2Untreated Check        1        46       27     18______________________________________ .sup.1 DAS = Days after seeding .sup.2 Application rate is stated in units of grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.3 Phytotoxicity is rated on a scale of: 1 = no effect 9 = 100% plant death DAA = days after application .sup.4 Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crusgalli) 
    
     
                                           TABLE 15__________________________________________________________________________Effects of Compound 1 in CombinationWith Thiobencarb, Dimepiperate, Esprocarband Dymron on Rice Growth          RATE  CROP TOLERANCE.sup.5 (Nihonbare)TREATMENT      GAI/HA.sup.1                VA.sup.2                      PH.sup.3                            DW.sup.4__________________________________________________________________________Compound 1     4     0     103   107Compound 1 and Thiobencarb          4 + 2100                0     102   110Compound 1 and Dimepiperate          4 + 3000                0     104   110Compound 1 and Esprocarb          4 + 2100                0     101   106Compound 1 and Dymron          4 + 2100                0     102   101Compound 1     8     3      95    83Compound 1 and Thiobencarb          8 + 2100                0     101   108Compound 1 and Dimepiperate          8 + 3000                0     103   103Compound 1 and Esprocarb          8 + 2100                0.5    99    98Compound 1 and Dymron          8 + 2100                1.0   100    96Thiobencarb    2100  0     102   112Dimepiperate   3000  0     102   106Esprocarb      2100  0      92    94Dymron         2100  0     102   107Untreated      --    0     100   100__________________________________________________________________________ .sup.1 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.2 Visual crop injury (relative to untreated check) scale of: 0 to 100% 0 = no injury 100 = 100% plant death. .sup.3 Plant Height (relative to untreated check) on scale of: 0 to 100%. .sup.4 Dry Weight (relative to untreated check) on scale of: 0 to 100%. .sup.5 Crop tolerance  Compounds were applied to transplanted rice 5 days after transplanting (var. Nihonbare) 2.0 to 2.2 leaf stage. Ratings were taken 15 days after application. Results are the average of three replications. 
    
     
                       TABLE 16______________________________________Herbicidal Efficacy of Compound 1in United StatesRATE      % CONTROL OR INJURY.sup.1GAI/HA.sup.3     EA.sup.2     SE.sup.2 RICE______________________________________ 7        97           97       314        98           98       1021        98           98       5______________________________________ .sup.1 Evaluations made 57 days after application. .sup.2 Abbreviations: EA = Eclipta SE = Sesbania exaltata .sup.3 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. 
    
     
                       TABLE 17______________________________________Herbicidal Efficacy of Compound 1and 2,4-D in Thailand   RATE    % CONTROL OR INJURY.sup.1TREATMENT GAI/HA.sup.3               CD     LL    MC.sup.2                                 SZ   RICE______________________________________Compound 1     4         100     87   100  100  16.6Compound 1 +     4         100    100   100  100  24.42,4-D     750______________________________________ .sup.1 Evaluations made 14 days after treatment. .sup.2 Abbreviations: CD = Cyperus difformis LL = Ludwigia linifolia MV = Monochoria vaginalia SZ = Sphenoclea zeylanica .sup.3 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. 
    
     
                       TABLE 18______________________________________Herbicidal Efficacy of Compound 1,Benzsulfuron methyl and2,4-D in Thailand   RATE     % CONTROL OR INJURY.sup.1TREATMENT GAI/HA.sup.3                CD      LL    SZ    RICE______________________________________Compound 1      4         100     100    98   0Bensulfuron     10         100     100    99   0methyl    15         100     100   100   0     20         100     100   100   0Compound 1 +      4         100     100   100   0Bensulfuron     10methylCompound 1 +      4         100     100   100   0Bensulfuron     15methylCompound 1 +      4         100     100   100   0Bensulfuron     20methyl2,4-D     1500       100     100    90   0Compound 1 +      4         100     100   100   02,4-D     750______________________________________ .sup.1 Evaluation made 13 days after treatment. .sup.2 Abbreviations: CD = Cyperus difformis LL = Ludwigia linifolia SZ = Sphenoclea Zeylanica .sup.3 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. 
    
     
                       TABLE 19______________________________________Herbicidal Efficacy of Compound 1Benzsulfuron Methyl and 2,4-D in Thailand   RATE     % CONTROL OR INJURY.sup.1TREATMENT GAI/HA.sup.3                CD      LL    SZ    RICE______________________________________Compound 1      4         100      93    93   0Bensulfuron     10         100     100    88   0methyl    15         100     100   100   0     20         100     100   100   0Compound 1 +      4         100     100   100   0Bensulfuron     10methylCompound 1 +      4         100     100   100   0Bensulfuron     15methylCompound 1 +      4         100     100   100   0Bensulfuron     20methyl2,4-D     1500       100      97    86   0Compound 1 +      4         100     100   100   02,4-D     750______________________________________ .sup.1 Evaluation made 13 days after treatment. .sup.2 Abbreviations: CD = Cuperus LL = Ludwigia linifolia SZ = Sphenoclea zeylanica .sup.3 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. 
    
     
                       TABLE 20______________________________________Herbicidal Efficacy of Compound 1,benzsulfuron methyl and 2,4-D in Thailand   RATE    % CONTROL OR INJURY.sup.1TREATMENT GAI/HA.sup.3               CI     FM   LL    SZ   RICE______________________________________Compound 1      4         0      0   67    60   0Bensulfuron     10        77      80  80    23   0methyl    15        90     100  80    60   0     20        95     100  87    53   0Compound 1 +      4        95     100  98    97   0Bensulfuron     10methylCompound 1 +      4        100    100  100   100  0Bensulfuron     15methylCompound 1 +      4        98      90  100   97   0Bensulfuron     20methylCompound 1      4        95      90  100   88   02,4-D     7502,4-D     1500      100    100  100   33.3 0______________________________________ .sup.1 Evaluations made 14 days after treatment. .sup.2 Abbreviations: CI = Cuperus FM = Fimbristylis miliacea LL = Ludwigia linifolia SZ =  Sphenoclea zeylanica .sup.3 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. 
    
     
                       TABLE 21______________________________________Herbicidal Efficacy of Compound 1and 2,4-D in Malaysia    RATETREAT-   GAI/     % CONTROL OR INJURY.sup.1MENT     HA.sup.3 FM.sup.2                     LA   MC   MV   SG   SS______________________________________Compound 1    4 + 330  28      89   78   100  100  63+ 2,4-DCompound 1    4 + 500  28      88   98   100  100  62+ 2,4-D2,4-D    1000     73      93   56   100   74  55______________________________________ .sup.1 Evaluations made 42 days after treatment. .sup.2 Abbreviations: FM = Fimbristylis LA = Ludwigia adscendens MC = Masilea crenata MV = Monochoria vaginalis SG = Saggittaria guayanensis SS = Scirpus spp. .sup.3 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. 
    
     
                       TABLE 22______________________________________Effects of Compound 1 in CombinationWith Thiobencarb and Bensulfuron Methylon Rice Growth     RATE    CROP TOLERANCE.sup.5TREATMENT   GAI/HA.sup.1                 VA.sup.2  PH.sup.3                                   DW.sup.4______________________________________Compound 1  8         0.5       99      92Compound 1 and       8 + 2100  1.5       93      87ThiobencarbCompound 1 and       8 + 75    3.5       62      65Bensulfuron methylCompound 1 and       8 + 2100  1.5       94      88Thiobencarb, and       + 75Bensulfuron methylBensulfuron 75        3.5       84      76Bensulfuron methyl       75 + 2100 1.5       94      83and ThiobencarbThiobencarb 2100      0         99      99Untreated   --        0         100     100______________________________________ .sup.1 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.2 Visual crop injury (relative to untreated check) on scale of: 0 to 100% 0 = no injury 100 = 100% plant death. .sup.3 Plant height (relative to untreated check) on scale of: 0 to 100%. .sup.4 Dry weight (relative to untreated check) on scale of: 0 to 100%. .sup.5 Crop tolerance  compounds were applied to transplanted rice 7 days after transplanting (var. Koshihikari) at the 2.0 to 2.2 leafstage. Ratings were made 21 days after application. Results are the average of three replications. 
    
     
                       TABLE 23______________________________________Effects of Compound 1 in CombinationWith Bensulfuron Methyl and Thiobencarbor Pretilachlor on Rice Growth     RATE    CROP TOLERANCE.sup.5TREATMENT   GAI/HA.sup.1                 VA.sup.2  PH.sup.3                                   DW.sup.4______________________________________Compound 1   2        3         86      73Bensulfuron Methyl       25        2.5       89      79Compound 1 and       2 + 25    3.5       86      69Bensulfuron methylCompound 1  8 + 25    2.5       87      73Bensulfuron methyl          + 2100and ThiobencarbCompound 1 and       2 + 25    2.5       90      72Bensulfuron methyl         + 600and PretilachlorThiobencarb 2100      2         93      81Pretilachlor        600      3         87      71Untreated   --        0         100     100______________________________________ .sup.1 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.2 Visual crop injury (relative to untreated check) on scale of: 0 to 100% 0 = no injury 100 = 100% plant death. .sup.3 Plant height (relative to untreated check) on scale of: 0 to 100%. .sup.4 Dry weight (relative to untreated check) on scale of: 0 to 100%. .sup.5 Crop tolerance  compounds were applied to transplanted rice 7 days after transplanting (var. Koshihikari) at the 2.0 to 2.2 leaf stage. Ratings were made 21 days after application. Results are the average of three replications. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 24__________________________________________________________________________Effects of Compound 1 in CombinationWith Bensulfuron Methyl and Thiobencarbor Pretilachlor on Weed Control      RATE  WEED CONTROL RATINGS.sup.2TREATMENTS GAI/HA.sup.1            EO.sup.3               CD.sup.4                  MV.sup.5                     BL.sup.6                        SJ.sup.7                           SP.sup.8                              CS.sup.9__________________________________________________________________________COMPOUND 1  2    1  10 10 10 7  8  1BENSULFURON      25    1   1 10 10 5  8.5                              6METHYLCOMPOUND 1 AND      2 +   4  10 10 10 9  8.5                              8BENSULFURON      25METHYLCOMPOUND 1,      2 +   8  10 10 10 9  8.5                              9BENSULFURON      25 + 2100METHYL ANDTHIOBENCARBCOMPOUND 1,      2 +   10 10 10 10 9  9  8BENSULFURON      25 + 600METHYL ANDPRETILACHLORTHIOBENCARB      2100  10 10 10  9 7  0  9PRETILACHLOR       600  10 10  5 10 5  3  3UNTREATED  --    0   0  0  0 0  0  0__________________________________________________________________________ .sup.1 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.2 Visual weed control (relative to untreated check) on scale of: 0 to 10 0 = no injury 10 = complete control. .sup.3 EO = Echinochloa oryzicola .sup.4 CD = Cyperus difformis .sup.5 MV = Monochoria vaginalis .sup.6 BL = Lindernia pyxidaria .sup.7 SJ = Scirpus juncoides .sup.8 SP = Sagittaria pygmaea .sup.9 CS = Cyperus serotinus .sup.10 Weeds were treated at the 1.0 leaf stage and evaluated four weeks later. Results are the average of two replications. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 25__________________________________________________________________________Effects of Compound 1 in CombinationWith Bensulfuron Methyl and Thiobencarbor Pretilachlor on Weed Control      RATE  WEED CONTROL RATINGS.sup.2TREATMENTS GM.A.I..sup.1            EO.sup.3               CD.sup.4                  MV.sup.5                     BL.sup.6                        SJ.sup.7                           SP.sup.8                              CS.sup.9__________________________________________________________________________COMPOUND 1  2    1   7 10 10 6  8  0BENSULFURON      25    1  10  9  9 5  8  2METHYLCOMPOUND 1 AND      2 +   3  10 10 10   8.5                             8.5                              3BENSULFURON      25METHYLCOMPOUND 1,      2 +   5  10 10 10 9  8  6BENSULFURON       25 + 2100METHYL ANDTHIOBENCARBCOMPOUND 1,      2 +   6  10 10 10 9  8  3BENSULFURON      25 + 600METHYL ANDPRETILACHLORTHIOBENCARB      2100  6  10 10   9.5                          8.5                           0  2PRETILACHLOR      600   7  10  3  7 2  6  3UNTREATED  --    0   0  0  0 0  0  0__________________________________________________________________________ .sup.1 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.2 Visual weed control (relative to untreated check) on scale of: 0 to 10 0 = no injury 10 = complete control. .sup.3 EO = Echinochloa oryzicola .sup.4 CD = Cyperus difformis .sup.5 MV = Monochoria vaginalis .sup.6 BL = Lindernia pyxidaria .sup.7 SJ = Scirpus juncoides .sup.8 SP = Sagittaria pygmaea .sup.9 CS = Cyperus serotinus .sup.10 Weeds were treated at the 2.0 leaf stage and evaluated four weeks later. Results are the average of two replications. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 26__________________________________________________________________________Herbicidal Efficacy and Crop Tolerance ofCompound 1 and Compound 2 in a Greenhouse Test   RATE   % CONTROL OR INJURY.sup.2TREATMENT   GAI/HA.sup.1          M101.sup.3              LEMONT.sup.4                    CD.sup.5                       AP.sup.6                          AT.sup.7                             SR.sup.8__________________________________________________________________________Compound 1   1       0  10    60 0  80 90   2      10  20    60 0  95 95   4      10  40    80 60 95 95   8      35  50    100                       70 95 95Compound 2   1       0  30    70 0  95  0   2       0  40    80 0  95  0   4      30  70    100                       20 95 80   8      50  80    100                       30 95 80Untreated   --      0   0     0 0   0  0__________________________________________________________________________ .sup.1 Application rate in grams active ingredient per hectare. .sup.2 Visual weed control or crop injury (relative to untreated check) o scale of: 0 to 100% 0 = no injury 100 = 100% plant death. .sup.3 M101 = japonica rice variety M101. .sup.4 LEMONT = indica rice variety Lemont. .sup.5 CD = Cyperus difformis .sup.6 AP = Alternanthera .sup.7 AT = Alisma triviale .sup.8 SR = Sagittaria rigida .sup.9 Rice was transplanted at the 2.0 to 2.5 leaf stage and treated 12 days later. Crop injury and weed control ratings were made 24 days after treatment. 
    
     
                       TABLE 27______________________________________Expected.sup.1 and Observed Activity of Combinationsof Compound 1 and Benzsulfuron Methyl on Weeds                Table/Compound    Rate     Species  Expected                                 Observed______________________________________1 + Benzsulfuron       2 + 10   10/SZ    7.9     9.1Methyl      2 + 10   10/CI    2.0     6.33       4 + 10   10/SZ    9.3     9.93       4 + 10   10/CI    2.0     5.0       4 + 20   10/SZ    9.7     10       4 + 20   10/CI    8.0     91 + Benzsulfuron       4 + 10   12/SZ    8.4     10Methyl      4 + 15   12/SZ    8.8     10       4 + 20   12/SZ    8.4     101 + Benzsulfuron       4 + 10   12/CI    6.8     8.33Methyl      4 + 15   12/CI    9.0     10       4 + 20   12/CI    9.4     9.631 + Benzsulfuron       4 + 15   12/JL    9.46    10Methyl      4 + 20   12/JL    9.88    101 + Benzsulfuron       4 + 15   13/CI    9.83    10Methyl1 + Benzsulfuron       4 + 10   20/CI    77      95Methyl      4 + 10   20/FM    80      100       4 +  10  20/LL    93.4    98       4 + 10   20/SZ    69.2    971 + Benzsulfuron       4 + 15   20/CI    90      100Methyl      4 + 15   20/LL    93.4    100       4 + 15   20/SZ    84      1001 + Benzsulfuron       4 + 20   20/CI    95      98Methyl      4 + 20   20/LL    95.7    100       4 + 20   20/SZ    81.2    971 + Benzsulfuron       2 + 25   24/EO    1.9     4Methyl      2 + 25   24/SJ    8.5     91 + Benzsulfuron       2 + 25   25/EO    1.9     3Methyl      2 + 25   25/SJ    8.0     8.5       2 + 25   25/CS    2.0     3______________________________________ .sup.1 Kolby.sup.2 equation for calculating synergism. ##STR3## E = expected value A = observed value for Compound 1 B = observed value for benzsulfuron if the observed value minus the expected value is positive, the combination is considered synergistic. For example: Table 20 A = 60 on SZ at 4 g/ha B = 23 on SZ at 10 g/ha ##STR4## E = 69.2 The observed value of Compound 1 in combination with benzsulfuron methyl on sphenoclea zeylanica at the 4 and 10 g rate respectively is 97. Observed - Expected 97 - 69.2 = +27.8 .sup.2 Kolby, S. R., Weeds 15:20-22, 1967. 
    
     
                       TABLE 28______________________________________Expected and Observed Activity of Combinationsof Compound 1 and Benzsulfuron Methyl on Rice               TableCompound    Rate    Species   Expected                                Observed______________________________________1 + Benzsulfuron       2 + 25  23/Va     4.75   3.5______________________________________ 
    
     The expected injury to rice (as calculated by the Kolby equation) is reduced by the combination of Compound No. 1 with benzsulfuron methyl. This constitutes a substantial safening of the rice crop. 
     Selective herbicidal properties of mixtures of metsulfuron methyl and propanil are illustrated in the following greenhouse tests as Test B, C, D and E. 
     Test B 
     Seeds of barley (Hordeum vulgare), barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides), chickweed (Stellaria media), cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum), corn (Zea mays), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), crabgrass (Digitaria spp.), downy brome (Bromus tectorum), giant foxtail (Setaria faberi), green foxtail (Setaria viridis), jimsonweed (Datura stramonium), lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), morningglory (Ipomoea spp.), rape (Brassica napus), rice (Oryza sativa), sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia), soybean (Glycine max), sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), teaweed (Sida spinosa), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), wheat (Triticum aestivum), wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus), and wild oat (Avena fatua) and purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) tubers were planted into a sandy loam soil with approximately one percent organic matter. These crop and weed species were allowed to grow to the two to three leaf stage (approximately two to eighteen cm) before the plants were treated postemergence with various ratios of mixtures of metsulfuron methyl and propanil. Both test chemicals were dissolved in a non-phytotoxic solvent before the compounds were applied to the plants. Treated plants and controls were maintained in a greenhouse for approximately twenty days, after which all species were compared to controls and visually evaluated. Plant response ratings, summarized in Table 29, are based on a scale of 0 to 100 where 0 is no effect and 100 is complete control. A dash (-) response means no test result. The ratio of Compound I to Compound II can be determined from the application rates of each compound as listed in the table. 
     
                       TABLE 29______________________________________Plant Response______________________________________      Compound I (alone)      Application Rate (g/ha)        0.5    1          2    4______________________________________Barley        0      0         20   20Barnyardgrass         0      0         20   60Blackgrass   40     40         60   60Chickweed    80     90         100  100Cocklebur    20     20         30   70Corn         20     30         30   50Cotton       20     30         60   80Crabgrass     0      0          0   30Downy brome   0      0          0    0Giant foxtail         0      0          0    0Green foxtail         0      0          0    0Jimsonweed    0     30         70   90Lambsquarters        30     50         80   90Morningglory  0      0          0   90Nutsedge      0      0          0    0Rape          0     60         90   100Rice         20      0          0   40Sicklepod     0      0         70   80Soybean      20     50         70   80Sugar beet   60     90         100  100Teaweed      70     50         70   80Velvetleaf   40     60         90   100Wheat         0      0          0    0Wild buckwheat        30     90         90   90Wild oat     10      0         20    0______________________________________Propanil at      Compound I (g/ha)250 g/ha   Zero     0.5    1      2    4______________________________________Barley      0        0      0      0   20Barnyardgrass       0        0     20     30   40Blackgrass  0        0     30     50   50Chickweed   0       90     90     100  100Cocklebur  50       50     50     80   80Corn        0       20     30     30   80Cotton     60       60     60     70   80Crabgrass  30       20     100    80   70Downy brome       0        0      0      0   20Giant foxtail       0        0      0      0   20Green foxtail       0        0      0     20   30Jimsonweed  0       70     70     70   90Lambsquarters      50       70     100    100  100Morningglory      30       70     70     90   90Nutsedge    0        0      0      0   --Rape       20       70     90     100  100Rice        0       20     30     30   40Sicklepod  30       60     50     70   70Soybean    10       40     60     80   100Sugar beet 30       80     80     100  100Teaweed     0       20     40     80   90Velvetleaf 80       80     90     100  100Wheat       0        0      0      0    0Wild buckwheat       0       30     80     90   90Wild oat    0        0     10     10   30______________________________________Propanil at      Compound I (g/ha)500 g/ha   Zero     0.5    1      2    4______________________________________Barley      0        0      0     10   30Barnyardgrass      20       30     40     60   70Blackgrass  0       20     50     50   70Chickweed   0       90     100    100  100Cocklebur  40       70     70     60   80Corn        0       20     40     40   80Cotton     80       80     80     80   90Crabgrass  50       20     20     100  100Downy brome       0        0      0      0   20Giant foxtail       0        0     20     30    0Green foxtail      20       20     20     30   30Jimsonweed 70       70     70     90   100Lambsquarters      80       80     80     90   90Morningglory      70       70     80     80   80Nutsedge    0        0      0      0    0Rape       60       90     90     100  100Rice        0       20     10     30   40Sicklepod  30       40     70     --   80Soybean    30       70     70     100  100Sugar beet 70       90     100    100  100Teaweed    20       50     70     70   80Velvetleaf 80       80     80     90   100Wheat       0        0      0      0    0Wild buckwheat       0       30     50     90   100Wild oat   20       20     20     30   40______________________________________Propanil at      Compound I (g/ha)1000 g/ha  Zero     0.5    1      2    4______________________________________Barley      0        0      0     20   20Barnyardgrass      30       40     60     30   40Blackgrass 20       40     50     60   70Chickweed  20       90     90     100  100Cocklebur  30       70     70     70   70Corn        0       30     30     60   80Cotton     80       80     --     90   90Crabgrass  50       80     80     40   50Downy brome       0       20      0      0    0Giant foxtail      40        0      0     20   40Green foxtail      20       30     30     30   30Jimsonweed 70       80     50     80   90Lambsquarters      100      100    80     90   100Morningglory      80       100    100    80   90Nutsedge    0        0      0      0    0Rape       90       100    100    100  100Rice       70       20     20     40   50Sicklepod  80       100    100    70   100Soybean    20       40     50     100  100Sugar beet 60       100    90     90   100Teaweed    30       --     70     70   100Velvetleaf 90       90     90     90   95Wheat       0        0      0      0    0Wild buckwheat       0       20     80     90   90Wild oat   20       20     30     30   40______________________________________Propanil at      Compound I (g/ha)2000 g/ha  Zero     0.5    1      2    4______________________________________Barley      0        0      0     20   20Barnyardgrass      60       90     80     80   70Blackgrass 30       30     70     60   80Chickweed  30       90     100    100  100Cocklebur  80       80     80     80   80Corn       20       20     20     50   70Cotton     90       90     100    100  100Crabgrass  100      100    100    100  100Downy brome      30       30     30     30   30Giant foxtail      50       70     --     80   60Green foxtail      50       70     50     50   40Jimsonweed 40       90     70     100  90Lambsquarters      100      100    100    100  100Morningglory      100      90     100    100  100Nutsedge    0        0      0      0    0Rape       100      100    100    100  100Rice       30       40     50     50   60Sicklepod  100      100    100    100  100Soybean    30       80     80     90   90Sugar beet 100      100    100    100  100Teaweed    70       --     70     80   80Velvetleaf 100      100    100    100  100Wheat      20       20     20     20   20Wild buckwheat      --       80     80     90   90Wild oat   30       60     50     50   60______________________________________Propanil at      Compound I (g/ha)4000 g/ha  Zero     0.5    1      2    4______________________________________Barley     20       30     30     30   50Barnyardgrass      80       90     100    90   100Blackgrass 90       70     70     100  90Chickweed  100      90     100    100  100Cocklebur  30       30     90     90   80Corn       30       30     30     50   80Cotton     100      100    100    100  100Crabgrass  --       100    100    100  100Downy brome      30       70     70     70   70Giant foxtail      30       100    80     100  70Green foxtail      100      --     80     80   80Jimsonweed 80       100    60     70   100Lambsquarters      100      90     90     90   100Morningglory      90       100    100    100  100Nutsedge    0        0      0      0    0Rape       100      100    100    100  100Rice       30       60     60     70   60Sicklepod  100      100    100    100  100Soybean    80       70     90     80   90Sugar beet 100      100    100    100  100Teaweed    50       80     80     80   80Velvetleaf 100      100    --     100  100Wheat      25       25     25     25   25Wild buckwheat       0       80     90     90   90Wild oat   60       100    90     70   70______________________________________ 
    
     Test C 
     Seeds of barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum), giant foxtail (Setaria faberi), hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata), morningglory (Ipomoea spp.), and Texas panicum (Panicum taxanum) were planted into a silt loam soil with approximately three percent organic matter. These weed species were allowed to grow to the two to three leaf stage (approximately eight to eighteen cm) before they were treated postemergence with mixtures of Compounds 1 and propanil dissolved in a non-phytotoxic solvent. Treated and untreated plants were placed in a greenhouse and visually evaluated for response injury approximately ten days after herbicide application. Each spray mixture of Compounds 1 and propanil was replicated three times. Response ratings, summarized in Table 30, are from 0 to 100 where 0 is no injury and 100 is plant death. The three letter code abbreviations listed in Table 30 have the following meanings: 
     REP=sample replication number 
     ECC=barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) 
     IPH=ivy-leaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea) 
     PAT=Texas panicum (Panicum texanum) 
     SEE=Hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) 
     SFA=Giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) 
     XAP=Cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum) 
     
                       TABLE 30______________________________________Weed Responses to Mixtures ofCompound I with PropanilPropanil  Cmpd I(g/ha) (g/ha)   REP    ECC  IPH  PAT  SEE  SFA  XAP______________________________________  0    1        1      30   90    0   100   0   60  0    1        2      50   95    0   100   0   60  0    1        3       0   90    0   100   0   70  0    2        1      70   95    0    80   0   100  0    2        2      80   90    0   100   0   70  0    2        3      70   95    0   100  40   80  0    3        1      90   95   60   100  80   95  0    3        2      90   100   0   100  40   70  0    3        3      90   95   50   100  60   95 500   0        1      50    0    0    50  50    0 500   0        2      40    0    0    70  40    0 500   0        3      40    0   50    70  50    0 500   1        1      60   100   0   100   0   80 500   1        2      60   100   0   100  50   80 500   1        3      60   95    0    95  40   70 500   2        1      60   98    0    95   0   90 500   2        2      80   100   0   100  80   90 500   2        3      95   100   0    95  70   80 500   3        1      95   100  40   100  95   95 500   3        2      80   100   0   100  90   70 500   3        3      95   95    0   100  70   801000   0        1      70    0   50   100  80   501000   0        2      90   60    0    90  60   501000   0        3      60   40   50    60  60   401000   1        1      80   95   90    95  70   801000   1        2      95   100   0   100  70   901000   1        3      80   90    0   100  80   801000   2        1      95   98    0    98  70   951000   2        2      95   100   0    95  80   951000   2        3      95   95    0    95  80   901000   3        1      98   100  40   100  80   951000   3        2      90   95   40    95  90   801000   3        3      95   100  50   100  90   952000   0        1      80   80   50   100  100  502000   0        2      100  70   60   100  90   802000   0        3      100  80   90   100  100  802000   1        1      90   95   100  100  95   1002000   1        2      98   95   90   100  100  1002000   1        3      95   95   40   100  95   902000   2        1      98   98   80   100  100  952000   2        2      100  100  60   100  95   952000   2        3      95   95   50   100  100  952000   3        1      100  98   70   100  100  952000   3        2      95   100  100  100  100  952000   3        3      100  100  40   100  100  100______________________________________ 
    
     Test D 
     The synergistic activity of mixtures of Compound I and propanil on yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) is illustrated in this test. Experimental test methods and results, methods of data analysis, and observed and predicted test results based upon Colby&#39;s equation to determine synergism are presented in the following information. 
     Tubers of yellow nutsedge were planted in 10-cm diameter plastic pots filled with eight cm of pasteurized silt loam soil with approximately three percent organic matter. The tubers were allowed to germinate and grow for one week before the plants were thinned to 5 uniform plants per pot. At two weeks after planting when the nutsedge was approximately 25 cm tall, the pots were treated postemergence with the indicated mixtures of Compounds I and propanil dissolved in a non-phytotoxic solvent. Each treatment was replicated three times. Treated and untreated plants were placed in a greenhouse. At three days after treatment, the pots were flooded with 5 cm of water to simulate a paddy environment. Approximately 2 weeks after treatment, fresh weights of the aerial portions of plants for each treatment were taken. Fresh weight responses are summarized in Table 31. 
     
                       TABLE 31______________________________________Nutsedge response to mixtures ofCompound I with PropanilPropanil  CMPD I   Nutsedge fresh wt in grams(g/ha)    (g/ha)   REP 1      REP 2 REP 3______________________________________  0       0        47.78      49.41 46.451000      0        42.70      35.73 42.352000      0        40.00      39.89 37.813000      0        27.97      28.48 28.774000      0        22.24      17.61 22.15  0       1        42.09      41.24 41.581000      1        25.48      19.47 27.762000      1        24.56      29.70 29.583000      1        26.51      29.42 23.754000      1        17.91      17.70 23.50  0       2        32.90      39.95 31.101000      2        30.91      24.68 24.312000      2        27.68      18.87 20.573000      2        23.11      25.08 24.824000      2        14.43      14.12 24.45  0       4        28.55      31.95 28.131000      4        23.86      27.58 29.582000      4        25.01      17.05 23.443000      4        21.96      21.10 12.244000      4        15.95      12.14 18.00  0       6        37.05      25.30 32.441000      6        23.95      26.78 27.792000      6        19.73      26.21 20.423000      6        20.22      16.14 16.194000      6        19.85      10.42 10.77  0       8        24.69      27.32 24.981000      8        29.28      25.44 24.622000      8        20.17      12.95 23.403000      8        14.80      14.84 22.274000      8        18.77      19.81 25.69______________________________________ 
    
     Means of the three replicates for each set of treatments were converted to percent control using the formula: ##EQU1## 
     Expected plant responses were calculated with Colby&#39;s equation (see Colby, S. R. Calculating synergistic and Antagonistic Responses of Herbicide combinations. Weeds 15:20-22, 1967) which is: ##EQU2## where: CI=the percent inhibition of growth by Compound I at treatment rate A g/ha. 
     CII=the percent inhibition of growth by Compound II at treatment rate B g/ha. 
     E=the expected percent inhibition of growth by Compound I plus Compound II at treatment rate A plus B g/ha. 
     Thus when the observed response is greater than expected, the combination is synergistic. The synergistic response of mixtures of Compounds I and propanil on nutsedge is demonstrated in Table 32. 
     
                       TABLE 32______________________________________Herbicidal Effects of Mixtures ofCompound I and Propanil            Mean      % Control                              % ControlPropanil   CMPD I   Fresh     (Actual (Expected(g/ha)  (g/ha)   Weight    Observed)                              Colby)______________________________________  0     0        47.88      0      --  0     1        41.64     13      --  0     2        34.65     28      --  0     4        29.54     38      --  0     6        31.60     34      --  0     8        25.66     46      --1000    0        40.26     16      --1000    1        24.24     49      271000    2        26.63     44      391000    4        27.01     44      481000    6        26.17     45      451000    8        26.45     45      552000    0        39.23     18      --2000    1        27.95     42      292000    2        22.37     53      412000    4        21.83     54      492000    6        22.12     54      462000    8        18.84     61      563000    0        28.41     41      --3000    1        26.56     45      483000    2        24.34     49      573000    4        18.43     62      633000    6        17.52     63      613000    8        17.30     64      684000    0        20.67     57      --4000    1        19.70     59      624000    2        17.67     63      694000    4        15.36     68      734000    6        13.68     71      724000    8        21.42     55      77______________________________________ 
    
     Test E 
     The synergistic activity of mixtures of Compound I and propanil on Echinochloa crus-gali (barnyardgrass) and especially Fimbristylis (sedge) is further illustrated in this test, conducted on field trials in the Dominican Republic. 
     Mixtures of Compound I and propanil were applied as a spray directly to the seedlings 18-21 days after seeding. Paddy fields are drained 1-2 days prior to application and flooded again the next day of application. The results are tabulated below in Table 33. 
     
                       TABLE 33______________________________________Test ResultsCompound   Use Rate   Phyto.  Weed Control (%)Sedge      g ai/ha    (%)     Ec    Bl______________________________________I and Propanil        6 + 3400 0       95    100   100I and Propanil      4.8 + 3400 0       95    100   1001,4-D+ Propanil       72 + 3400 0       90     60    50I          6          0        0    100    0I          4.8        0        0    100    0Propanil   3400       0       90     10    10______________________________________ Ec: Echinochloa crusgali Bl: Heteranthera limosa, Ludwigia spp. Sedge: Fimbristylis spp.