Abstract:
Socket and ratchet wrench combinations having systems for positively locking the socket to the ratchet wrench are disclosed. The disclosed sockets have at least one circumferential axially aligned annular groove extending about their exterior surface with one or more openings in the side of the groove(s) for receiving sections on the ratchet wrench which cooperate with the socket&#39;s groove(s) to positively lock the socket to the wrench.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
       [0001]    This application is a nonprovisional application claiming the benefit under 35 USC 119(e) of U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60/184,967, filed on Feb. 25, 2000. 
     
    
     
       TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    The invention relates generally to socket ratchet wrenches, and more particularly to means for positively locking sockets to said ratchet wrenches.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0003]    The prior art is replete with socket retention systems for ratchet wrenches, the most popular of which is the spring loaded ball/detent system in which a spring loaded ball built into the side of the square male drive post of a ratchet wrench is received in a detent provided on the inside surface of the socket&#39;s square hole for receiving the male drive post. A push button locking mechanism for this system has also been developed and is commonly found in many Sears Craftsman ratchet wrenches.  
           [0004]    While these systems work quite well for ratchet wrenches utilizing the square male drive post system, they will not work on the newer “pass through” ratchet wrenches which allow the shaft of a bolt to pass through the head of the wrench and which thereby eliminate the need for deep well sockets. Accordingly, other types of socket retention systems have been developed for “pass through” ratchet wrenches such as the rubber grommet type system of the MAC Tools Flex wrench ratchet wrench and the wire/groove type systems used in the Eliminator made by Danaher Corporation and the O&#39;Ratchet made by Summit Tools of Texas.  
           [0005]    While all of these systems undoubtedly work to some degree at least until they wear out or require adjustment, none is believed to disclose or suggest the socket ratchet wrench of the present invention which provides positive locking of the socket to the ratchet wrench head and does so by preferably but not necessarily using a permanent magnet in its operation. The use of a permanent magnet provides the following advantages:  
           [0006]    (1) Stronger, smoother, less expensive and longer lasting “pass through” ratchet wrenches due to the use of a magnetic ratchet system that uses components such as ball bearing pawls which are much stronger and provide much smoother operation than conventional ratcheting mechanisms. Such a magnetic ratchet system is disclosed in our U.S. Pat. No. 5,970,825 and in our copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/227,627, both of which are hereby incorporated by reference. Longer ratchet life is facilitated because the system does not require sharp ratchet teeth which can break nor any springs for pushing a pawl into engagement with the ratchet wheel which eventually wear out.  
           [0007]    (2) Magnetic holding or attraction of the socket in or on the wrench&#39;s ratchet wheel, i.e. on the square male drive post of the ratchet wheel of a conventional socket wrench or in the hole of the newer “pass through” ratchet wrenches.  
           [0008]    (3) Facilitates positive locking of the socket to the wrench head by magnetically holding or attracting the socket in or on the wrench.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0009]    The present invention addresses the foregoing concerns by providing provides a socket and wrench combination including a wrench socket having first locking means on its exterior surface and a wrench for receiving the socket and having second locking means for cooperating with the first locking means of the socket to positively lock the socket to the wrench. Positive locking of the socket to the wrench is preferably provided at least 90% of the time as the socket is rotated relative to the wrench head during normal use of the wrench and more preferably 100% of the time.  
           [0010]    In a preferred embodiment, the socket&#39;s first locking means includes a circumferential axially aligned groove provided in the outside surface of the socket which as indicated extends circumferentially around the socket and is axially aligned about the socket&#39;s rotational axis, i.e. the axis the socket rotates about when it is inserted in the wrench head. The groove has one or more side openings for receiving the wrench&#39;s second locking means. The wrench head locking means includes one or more fixed sections referred to herein as flats which are received in the groove through the groove&#39;s side opening(s) when the socket is inserted and rotated in the wrench head. The flat(s) ride in the groove when the socket is rotated relative to the wrench head and, as such, positively lock the socket to the wrench head, i.e. while they are riding in the groove. When it is desired to remove the socket from the wrench head, the socket is rotated until the flats(s) line up with the groove&#39;s side opening(s) at which point the socket may be removed from the wrench head.  
           [0011]    In a particularly preferred embodiment, the wrench of the present invention additionally includes a permanent magnet for attracting the socket after it is at least partially inserted in or mounted on the wrench head. The preferred magnet may be the ring magnet described in our U.S. Pat. No. 5,970,825 and in our copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/227,627, both of which are hereby incorporated by reference. As described therein, the magnetic force of the ring magnet attracts the socket after it is received by (i.e. mounted on or inserted in) the wrench head of the wrench.  
           [0012]    As also described in our foregoing patent and patent application, the magnetic force provided by the ring magnet is generally strong enough to hold the socket in the wrench in most situations. However, if the socket were to jam or otherwise stick to a nut or bolt head, the magnetic force may be easily exceeded if one pulls on the wrench in an attempt to loosen or free the socket from the nut or bolt head. Accordingly, the positive locking systems of the present invention will enable one to pull on the wrench and free the jammed socket without having to worry about pulling the wrench off the socket.  
           [0013]    The positive locking systems of the present invention can also be incorporated into an extension bar(s), the weight of which often exceeds or comes close to exceeding the strength of the ring magnet or for that matter the strength of a conventional wrench&#39;s socket retention means which thereby causes the extension to fall off the wrench head. With the extension locked to the wrench head as provided by the present invention such falling off of the extension will no longer be a problem regardless of the socket retention means employed.  
           [0014]    As mentioned, the locking systems of the present invention are preferably used in conjunction with a permanent magnet which attracts the socket and preferably holds it in place, actually pulls the socket inwardly into the wrench head towards or against the ratchet wheel. In addition to holding the socket in the wrench when it is in an unlocked position, it has been found that the inward pulling or holding of the socket by the force of the magnet also prevents the socket from moving outwardly or upwardly in the wrench head even when the socket is positively locked to the wrench. Such upward movement could occur if the wrench were not provided with a magnet or some or means for holding the socket in place if, for example, the wrench were held in an upside down position when the socket&#39;s flat sides and flats of the wrench cap happen to align. Such upward movement is undesirable because it can interfere with the ratcheting operation of the wrench and cause the wrench to jam.  
           [0015]    Be that as it may, the positive locking systems of the present invention do not require a permanent magnet and will work with conventional wrenches having conventional socket retention means such as the conventional spring loaded ball/detent mechanism or the rubber grommet type system of the Mac Tools Flex wrench ratchet wrench or the wire mechanisms used in the Eliminator made by Danaher Corp and the O&#39;Ratchet made by Summit Tools of Texas. It is believed that the socket retention systems of the conventional systems can also hold or be slightly modified to hold the socket in the wrench after it is positively locked to the wrench to prevent the socket from moving upwardly in the wrench head and causing the ratcheting mechanism to jam.  
           [0016]    Therefore, while all disclosed embodiments of the present invention use the magnetic force of a permanent magnet to magnetically attract or hold a socket in place that has been received or inserted into the wrench, the scope of the present invention is not intended to be limited to such wrenches and it is specifically considered to be within the scope of the present invention to cover the use of positive locking systems on any ratchet wrench including those employing conventional spring loaded pawl ratchet mechanisms and conventional socket retention mechanisms such as those described above. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0017]    The invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numerals indicate like elements, and wherein reference numerals sharing the same last two digits identify similar corresponding elements (except where the elements are obviously different) throughout the various disclosed embodiments in this application and in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/227,627 which is hereby incorporated by reference, and in which:  
         [0018]    [0018]FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a socket and ratchet wrench combination provided with a positive locking system of the present invention.  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the components of the socket and ratchet wrench combination of FIG. 1.  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 3 is a bottom plan view of the wrench head of the wrench of FIG. 1.  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 4 is a bottom plan view of the wrench head of the wrench of FIG. 3 which additionally shows the socket of FIG. 1 inserted in the wrench and the nut of FIG. 1 inserted in the socket.  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view taken along lines  5 - 5  of FIG. 4.  
         [0023]    [0023]FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view similar to that of FIG. 7. However, in FIG. 6 the socket has been rotated slightly from its position shown in FIG. 7 so that the flats of the wrench&#39;s cap are located in the annular groove of the socket to prevent one from being able to pull the socket out of the wrench.  
         [0024]    [0024]FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view taken along lines  7 - 7  of FIG. 4.  
         [0025]    [0025]FIG. 8 is a side elevation view of the socket of FIG. 1.  
         [0026]    [0026]FIG. 9 is a bottom plan view of the socket of FIG. 8.  
         [0027]    [0027]FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the ratchet wrench of FIG. 1 shown, however, with a different socket of the present invention which has been designed to provide 100% positive locking of the socket to the wrench.  
         [0028]    [0028]FIG. 11 is an enlarged perspective view of the socket of FIG. 10.  
         [0029]    [0029]FIG. 12 is a side elevation view of the socket of FIGS. 10 and 11.  
         [0030]    [0030]FIG. 13 is a bottom plan view of the socket of FIGS. 10 and 11.  
         [0031]    [0031]FIG. 14 is front elevation view of the socket of FIGS. 10 and 11.  
         [0032]    [0032]FIG. 15 is a cross sectional view taken along lines  15 - 15  of FIG. 14.  
         [0033]    [0033]FIG. 16 is a bottom plan view of the wrench head of the wrench of FIG. 1 which also shows the socket of FIGS. 10 and 11 partially inserted into the wrench head and the nut of FIG. 10 inserted in the socket.  
         [0034]    [0034]FIG. 16A is an end elevation view of the wrench head and partially inserted socket depicted in FIG. 16.  
         [0035]    [0035]FIG. 17 is a cross sectional view taken along lines  17 - 17  of FIG. 16.  
         [0036]    [0036]FIG. 18 is a cross sectional view taken along lines  18 - 18  of FIG. 16.  
         [0037]    [0037]FIG. 19 is a cross sectional view similar to that of FIG. 18 showing, however, the socket rotated 90 degrees from its position in FIG. 18.  
         [0038]    [0038]FIG. 20 is a bottom plan view of the wrench head of the wrench of FIG. 1 which also shows the socket of FIGS. 10 and 11 fully inserted into the wrench head and the nut of FIG. 10 inserted in the socket.  
         [0039]    [0039]FIG. 20A is an end elevation view of the wrench head and fully inserted socket depicted in FIG. 16.  
         [0040]    [0040]FIG. 21 is a cross sectional view similar to that of FIG. 22 showing, however, the socket rotated 90 degrees from its position in FIG. 22.  
         [0041]    [0041]FIG. 22 is a cross sectional view taken along lines  22 - 22  of FIG. 20.  
         [0042]    [0042]FIG. 23 is a cross sectional view taken along lines  23 - 23  of FIG. 20. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0043]    FIGS.  1 - 9  illustrate a socket and ratchet wrench combination of the present invention having a unique locking mechanism for positively locking the socket to the wrench after the socket is received by the wrench, i.e. fully inserted into the cut-out  17  of ratchet wheel  16 .  
         [0044]    The ratchet mechanism is similar to that of FIGS.  41 - 46  of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/227,627 which is hereby incorporated by reference, and therefore is not described in detail here. There are, however, some minor differences in the ratchet wheels of this embodiment and that of FIGS.  41 - 16  which should be discussed. As shown in FIG. 1, the sides of ratchet wheel  16  are flat and not provided with the raised portion rim  619  shown in FIG. 42. Cut-out  17  of this embodiment is also shaped differently than the cut-out  617  of FIG. 42 which is hex-shaped. As shown, cut-out  17  has two opposing sides referred to herein as flat sides  112 ,  114  which are the two opposing sides of a hexagon. As can be visualized from the figures, the remaining four sides of what would be a hexagon in this embodiment have been rounded to reduce manufacturing costs. Functionally, the two shapes, i.e. the shape of cutout  17  referred to herein as a “two sided hexagon” and the hexagon of cut-out  617  are the same, i.e. the operation and strength of the two cut-outs are believed to be the same or very similar.  
         [0045]    Washer  92  of this embodiment is also simpler than washer  692  in that it no longer has a raised rim such as raised rim  641 . Cap  64  while similar to cap  664  differs in that instead of being provided with a circular cap hole like cap hole  669  it is provided with a two-sided hexagon shape that is identical to that of cut-out  17 . The flat sides of this two-sided hexagonal cap hole  69  are referred to herein as flats or sections  122 ,  124  and as described below, they play an important role in locking socket  27  to wrench  10 .  
         [0046]    Turning now to socket  27 , it will be appreciated from FIGS. 1, 7 and  8  that unlike the hex shape of socket  627  the driven end  37  of socket  27  is provided with a two sided hexagonal shape so that it can be received in the identically shaped cutout  17  of ratchet wheel  16  and driven thereby. It will also be appreciated that the flat sides of driven end  37  are identified by numerals  132 ,  134 . In addition, it will be appreciated that socket  27  is provided with an annular groove  136  which extends circumferentially around the exterior of socket  27  and is axially aligned about the socket&#39;s longitudinal rotational axis. As shown, groove  136  is located on the upper end of the socket&#39;s driven end  37  actually between the driven end  37  and the socket&#39;s driving end  33 . As also shown, flat surfaces  132 ,  134  extend into the sides of groove and thereby define side openings  142 ,  144  of the groove, the importance of which will be described shortly.  
         [0047]    To insert socket  27  into the wrench via cap hole  69 , the socket is first positioned so that its flat sides  132 ,  134  line up with flats  122 ,  124  of cap  64  and sides  112 ,  114  of the ratchet wheel  16 . The socket is then inserted into the wrench through cap hole  69  so that it is positioned as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7. However, there is no need to push the socket into the wrench since the magnetic force provided by magnet  22  actually pulls the socket into the position of FIGS. 5 and 7 as soon as it is inserted through cap hole  69 . The magnetic force also holds the socket in this position until it is decided to remove the socket. If, however, the socket is rotated slightly as shown in FIG. 6, flats  122 ,  124  of the wrench&#39;s cap  64  will ride or move into the annular groove  136  of the socket and thereby prevent one from being able to pull the socket out of the wrench. When the socket is in this position it is considered to be “positively locked” to the wrench as the term is used herein.  
         [0048]    Such rotation of the socket to positively lock the socket to the wrench can be provided by simply turning or rotating the socket after it is inserted in the wrench via cap hole  69 . However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that positive locking will also occur automatically when a return stroke is made with the wrench since the socket rotates in the wrench&#39;s head  13  (i.e. relative to the wrench) when a return stroke is made with the wrench. Thus, it will be appreciated that the socket will generally be positively locked to the wrench while it is being used. Indeed, the only time that the socket will not be locked to the wrench is when the flat sides  132 ,  134  of the socket happen to line up with flats  122 ,  124  of the cap which is estimated to occur less than 5% of the time. However, even when this occurs it will be appreciated that the magnet will still hold the socket in the wrench.  
         [0049]    While as indicated the socket will normally be positively locked to the wrench after it has been used, if one wants to remove the socket from the wrench one merely has to rotate or turn the socket until the flat sides  132 ,  134  of the socket line up with the flats  122 ,  124  of the cap. One may then pull on the socket to remove it from the wrench. The socket can also be pushed out of the wrench by simply pushing on its end edge  49  through hole  51 .  
         [0050]    As indicated above, the positive locking provided by the present invention is highly desirable since it insures that the socket will not be left on a bolt head or nut when the wrench is lifted off the nut or bolt head. It also allows the user to pull on the socket with the wrench to free the socket if it happens to jam or otherwise stick to a nut or bolt head. Positive locking also insures that long socket extension arms provided with the locking system of the present invention will not fall out of the wrench which is a problem in conventional wrenches due to the weight of such extensions.  
         [0051]    It will also be appreciated that positive locking of the socket to the wrench (which occurs approximately 95% of the time in the embodiment of FIGS.  1 - 9  as indicated above) can be increased up to perhaps 98% of the time by orienting flats  122 ,  124  and the corresponding flat sides  132 ,  134  of the socket and  112 ,  114  of the wheel at a slight angle to each other so that the socket can only be inserted and removed in one position for every 360 degree rotation of the socket, i.e. inserted in one position for each complete turn of the socket. This could also be accomplished by providing the wrench with only one flat and the socket and wheel with only one corresponding flat side. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, these arrangements differ from the embodiment of FIGS.  1 - 8  which allows insertion and removal of the socket in two positions (180 degrees apart) for every 360 degree rotation of the socket.  
         [0052]    As mentioned above, ring magnet  22  holds the socket in the wrench when it is in an unlocked position, i.e. when flats  122 ,  124  line up with flat sides  132 ,  134  of the socket. In addition, it has been found that this holding action or inward pulling of the socket by the force of the magnet also prevents the socket from moving outwardly or upwardly in the wrench head even when the socket is positively locked to the wrench. Such upward movement could occur if the wrench were not provided with a magnet or some other socket retention means for holding the socket in place if, for example, the wrench were held in an upside down position when the socket&#39;s flat sides and flats of the wrench cap happen to align. Such upward movement is undesirable because it can interfere with the ratcheting operation of the wrench and cause the wrench to jam. Accordingly, it is important that the wrench head be provided with a magnet such as ring magnet  22  or some other socket retention means for holding the socket in place even when it is positively locked to the wrench head. As previously mentioned, socket retention means such as the conventional spring loaded ball/detent mechanism or the rubber grommet type system of the Mac Tools Flex wrench ratchet wrench or the wire mechanisms used in the Eliminator made by Danaher Corp and the O&#39;Ratchet made by Summit Tools of Texas should be capable (perhaps with some slight modification) of holding the socket in place to prevent the socket from moving upwardly in the wrench head even when it is positively locked to the wrench head.  
         [0053]    It should also be mentioned that positive locking of wrench  10  is provided in both directions in which the wrench can be operated, i.e. both the clockwise and counterclockwise (also referred to as forward and reverse directions) which enable tightening and untightening of the nut or bolt head being threaded with the wrench. The mechanism for reversing the direction in which the wrench is operation including the reversing member  38  is disclosed in our U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/227,627 which has been incorporated by reference in this disclosure.  
         [0054]    FIGS.  10 - 23  illustrate a socket  127  of the present invention which has been designed for use with wrench  10  of FIGS.  1 - 9  to provide 100% positive locking, i.e. locking of the socket to the wrench at all times and in both directions in which the wrench is used, i.e. both the forward and reverse directions.  
         [0055]    As shown in FIGS.  11 - 15 , socket  127  is similar to socket  27  of the previous embodiment but instead of being provided with a single annular groove  136  socket  127  is provided with a pair of annular grooves  136 (a) and  136 (b) which are separated by a central ridge  137 . As also shown, central ridge  137  is provided with a pair of flat surfaces or flats  139 ,  141  which are positioned at right angles to flat sides  132 ,  134  of socket  127  as shown in FIGS.  12 - 15 .  
         [0056]    FIGS.  16 - 23  illustrate the process for inserting socket  127  into wrench  10  as well as the various positions of the wrench&#39;s components as the socket is inserted into the wrench. Similar to socket  27 , socket  127  is first positioned so that its flat sides  132 ,  134  line up with flats  122 ,  124  of the wrench&#39;s cap  64  and sides  112 ,  114  of the wrench&#39;s ratchet wheel  16 . The socket is then inserted into the wrench through cap hole  69  as shown in FIGS. 17, 18 so that its center ridge  137  rests against flats  122 ,  124  of the wrench&#39;s cap  64  (See FIG. 18). The magnetic force provided by the magnet  22  will hold the socket in this position until it is fully inserted into the wrench which is facilitated by turning the socket 90 degrees. This 90 degree turn (in addition to causing flats  112 ,  124  of the cap to ride or move through the socket&#39;s annular groove  136   a ) aligns flats  139 ,  141  of the socket&#39;s center ridge with flats  122 ,  124  of the cap as shown in FIG. 19 and therefore puts the socket in a position which allows the magnetic force of the wrench to pull the socket fully into the wrench as shown in FIG. 21 (FIGS. 20 and 20A also). From these figures, it will also be appreciated that flats  122 ,  124  are now in position to ride or move through the second annular groove  136   b . In addition, it will be appreciated that flats  139 ,  141  of the center ridge define the “second side openings” for the second annular groove  136   b  as that term is generically used in claim  13  appended hereto. As also indicated in claim  13 , the second side openings also allow access to the first groove, i.e. groove  136   a , from its other opposite side, i.e. the side of groove  136   a  defined by central ridge  137 . In addition and as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, access to first annular groove  136   a  is provided on the other side of the first groove by the socket&#39;s flat sides  132 ,  134  which define the “first side openings”  142 ,  144  for the first annular groove  136   a  as that term is used in claim  13 .  
         [0057]    In any event, once the socket is fully inserted into the wrench as shown in FIG. 21 it will be 100% positively locked to the wrench&#39;s head  13 . If one tries to remove the socket by pulling upwardly on it while it is in the position of FIG. 21 the socket will only move outwardly to the position shown in FIG. 19 where the sidewall  143  of the annular groove  136   a  impacts against the underside of flats  122 ,  124  of the cap. Therefore, it will be appreciated that the socket cannot be removed unless it is rotated 90 degrees from its position shown in FIG. 19 to the position of FIGS. 17 and 18 which will permit the socket&#39;s removal by pulling or pushing it out of the wrench as described in connection with the previous embodiment.  
         [0058]    [0058]FIGS. 22 and 23 illustrate the position of socket  127  after it has been rotated 90 degrees from its position in FIG. 21. In this position, the socket&#39;s center ridge  137  is located directly under flats  122 ,  124  of the cap  64  (see FIG. 22) to prevent removal of the socket from the wrench head. While not shown, it will be appreciated that the center ridge will be in this position, i.e. located directly below flats  122 ,  124 , approximately 95% of the time during normal use of the wrench, thereby preventing the socket from being pulled out of the wrench. It will also be appreciated that flats  122 ,  124  will be riding in groove  136   b  during normal use of the wrench as shown in FIGS. 22 and 23 and as previously mentioned if one attempts to pull the socket out of the wrench while flats  122 ,  124  are in groove  136   b  with the center ridge located below the flats, the center ridge will impact up against the underside of the flats  122 ,  124  to prevent the socket&#39;s removal from the wrench. It is only when flats  139 ,  141  of the center ridge  137  line up with flats  122 ,  124  of the cap as shown in FIG. 21 that the center ridge will not impact against flats  122 ,  124 . However, as previously mentioned when this occurs the side wall  143  of the annular groove  136   a  will impact against flats  122 ,  124  to prevent the socket&#39;s removal from the wrench.  
         [0059]    While wrench  10  is provided with two flats  122 ,  124  and two corresponding flat sides  112 ,  114  of the wheel as well as two corresponding flat sides of socket  127 , it will be appreciated that three flats and three corresponding flat sides for the wheel and socket could also be provided which would be spaced  120  degrees apart. Such a wrench/socket combination might be desirable because it might make it easier to insert and remove the socket from the wrench since such a combination would only require a 60 degree turn instead of a 90 degree turn of the socket to move the flats through groove  136   a  to reach groove  136   b . Initial insertion of the socket into the wrench would also be easier since it would only require a maximum turn of 120 degrees (instead of 180 degrees) to align the flat sides of the socket with the flats of the wrench cap.  
         [0060]    From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that the present invention provides unique positive locking systems for socket and ratchet wrench combinations which are ideally suited for use in “pass through” socket and ratchet wrench combinations, particularly that using a permanent magnet and our magnetic ratchet as disclosed in our copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/227,627.  
         [0061]    The invention has been described in detail with reference to particular embodiments thereof, but it will be understood that various other modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of this invention. For example, the positive locking system may be utilized in any socket and ratchet wrench combination including those developed for other “pass through” ratchet wrenches such as the rubber grommet type system of the MAC Tools Flex wrench ratchet wrench and the wire/groove type systems used in the Eliminator made by Danaher Corporation and the O&#39;Ratchet made by Summit Tools of Texas. Indeed, it is believed that these wrenches can be provided with flats or similar type projections which ride in the grooves of the sockets used with these wrenches to provide these wrenches with positive locking capability.