Abstract:
A fishing contest is implemented by entering a plurality of lures in the fishing contest, receiving fishing data used to judge the fishing contest from the plurality of lures, and determining a winner of the fishing contest in response to the received fishing data. Each lure includes a memory that stores a unique identifier value. This unique identifier value is stored in a database when the lure is entered in the contest. The fishing data that later becomes associated with the lure during the course of fishing (e.g., fish size, time the fish was caught, ambient conditions) is subsequently downloaded along with the unique identifier. The unique identifier stored in the data base is compared with the unique identifier downloaded with the fishing data to verify the fishing data. The verified fishing data is analyzed at the end of the contest to determine a winner.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    The present invention is a continuation of commonly-owned, co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/386,914 filed Mar. 21, 2006. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The present invention relates to a fishing system. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fishing lure that gathers environmental data that is subsequently stored in a database. 
       RELATED ART 
       [0003]      FIG. 1  is a side view of a generic fishing lure  100 . Lure  100  includes a body  101 , line attachment ring  110 , hook attachment rings  111 - 112  and hooks  121 - 122 . Body  101  is typically made of rubber or plastic. A material, such as balsa wood, may be located inside of body  101  to affect the buoyancy of lure  100 . Body  101  can have many different shapes, colors, markings or textures. For example, body  101  may include markings  102 A- 102 B, which make lure  100  look more like a little fish. 
         [0004]    Hooks  121  and  122  are attached to hook attachment rings  111 - 112 , respectively, such that these hooks  121 - 122  dangle from body  101 . A fishing line  120  is attached to line attachment ring  110  (typically by a leader). The other end of fishing line  120  is connected to a fishing rod (not shown). The fishing rod is used to cast lure  100  into the water. Lure  100  is then pulled through the water (via a reel on the fishing rod). Live fish are attracted by the movement and physical characteristics of lure  100 . A live fish attempting to eat lure  100  will likely be caught on one or more of hooks  121 - 122 , thereby enabling the fisherman to reel in the fish. 
         [0005]    There are many variables involved with catching fish. Such variables include the lure characteristics, time of day, location, water temperature, water depth, water clarity. Many different types of lures have been developed to catch fish. These lures have typically been designed through a trial-and-error process, taking into consideration the above-described variables. For example, it may be desirable to design a lure that is optimized for use on a warm overcast day in relatively deep water. However, it is difficult to collect the large amounts of data necessary for designing optimized lures for different fishing conditions. It would therefore be desirable to have a system for collecting data that quantifies the variables that exist when fish are caught. Such data could then be farmed to determine which types of lures work best in certain fishing conditions. 
         [0006]    Fishing is a quiet activity that is typically engaged by individuals or small groups of people. It is therefore typical for a fisherman to feel some isolation from his fellow fishermen. It would therefore be desirable to provide a common bond between individual fishermen, such that fishermen can feel part of a larger community. 
         [0007]    In the past, a common bond between fishermen has been provided by fishing contests. However, it is typically difficult to gather sufficient numbers of fishermen at a certain location at a certain time in order to establish a contest. 
         [0008]    Professional fishing contests have become a popular pastime, wherein anglers compete to catch the largest and/or the most fish. However, these fishing contests are typically only open to select professional fishermen. It would further be desirable to be able to make fishing contests available to the public on a regional or nationwide basis. It would also be desirable to have an improved system for tracking the progress of professional fishing contests. 
         [0009]    The fishing experience typically extends beyond the actual act of fishing. For example, fishermen often enjoy preparing the lures that they will use on a particular fishing excursion. It would therefore be desirable to be able to provide data that identifies what type of lure may be successful in certain fishing conditions. 
         [0010]    Moreover, fishermen like to share information and/or their fishing experiences with others. It would therefore be desirable to have a system capable of establishing a forum or mentor network for fishermen from various regions (or the same region). 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0011]      FIG. 1  is a side view of a conventional fishing lure. 
           [0012]      FIG. 2  is a schematic diagram of a fishing system, which includes a lure, a charging unit and a control unit. 
           [0013]      FIG. 3  is a block diagram of electrical/mechanical control elements located within the lure of  FIG. 2  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0014]      FIG. 4A  is a schematic diagram illustrating a hook release system and a strain gauge system, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0015]      FIGS. 4B and 4C  are side views of the hook release system and the strain gauge system of  FIG. 4A  in closed and opened states, respectively. 
           [0016]      FIGS. 5A and 5B  are cross sectional side views of a valve used to trap a water sample in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0017]      FIG. 6A  is an exposed top view of an aileron system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0018]      FIGS. 6B ,  6 C and  6 D are exposed side views of the aileron system of  FIG. 6A  in three various positions. 
           [0019]      FIG. 7  is an exposed top view of a rudder system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0020]      FIG. 8  is a block diagram of control elements located within the control unit of  FIG. 2  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0021]      FIG. 9  is a schematic diagram of a water field testing device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0022]      FIG. 10  is a schematic diagram of a T-square device used to measure the length and weight of a fish in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. 
       
    
    
       [0023]    The present invention will be more fully understood in view of the drawings and the following description. 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0024]      FIG. 2  is diagram illustrating a fishing system  200  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Fishing system  200  includes fishing lure  201 , charging unit  202  and control unit  203 . Lure  201  includes body  205 , line attachment ring  210 , hook attachment system  211 , hook  215 , rudder system  220 , aileron system  230 , water channel  240 , valve system  245 , and electronic/mechanical (E/M) control system  300 . Lure  201  can also include markings, similar to markings  102 A and  102 B. However, such markings are not shown in  FIG. 2  for reasons of clarity. In accordance with one embodiment, markings and colorings are provided on body  205  by placing a pre-marked/pre-colored plastic shrink wrap sleeve over body  205 , and heating the sleeve, such that the plastic shrinks to conform with the surface of body  205 . Such a sleeve can subsequently be removed and replaced with another sleeve, thereby changing the appearance of the lure any number of times. Although body  205  is shown as having a specific shape, it is understood that body  205  can have different shapes in different embodiments of the present invention. Moreover, although lure  201  is shown with one hook  215 , it is understood that other numbers and types of hooks can be used in other embodiments. For example, lure  201  can utilize spinners, flies, a hook and sinker, trolling jigs or plugs. 
         [0025]    Aileron system  230  includes ailerons located on the left and right sides of lure  201 . In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, these ailerons are capable of rotating along a horizontal axis, in the directions illustrated by the bi-directional arrow adjacent to aileron system  230 . Similarly, rudder system  220  includes rudders located on the top and bottom sides of lure  201 . In accordance with one embodiment, these rudders are capable of rotating about a vertical axis. As described in more detail below, E/M control system  300  is programmable to control the rotation of the ailerons and rudders, thereby controlling the path of lure  201  in the water. In general, aileron system  230  controls the vertical movement of lure  201 , while rudder system  220  controls the horizontal movement of lure  201 . 
         [0026]    In another embodiment, the rudders on the top and bottom sides of lure  201  are fixed. In yet another embodiment, lure  201  does not include aileron system  230  or rudder system  220 . 
         [0027]    Water channel  240  extends through body  205  of lure  201 . Valve system  245  is located near the rear end of water channel  240 . As described in more detail below, water channel  240  is used to retrieve a water sample. In general, both ends of water channel  240  are initially open while lure  201  is moving through the water, thereby allowing water to flow through water channel  240 . At some point before the lure  201  is removed from the water, valve system  245  closes, thereby trapping a water sample in water channel  240 . The valve system  245  also allows the fisherman to subsequently release the water sample from water channel  240 , such that test can be performed on the water sample. As described in more detail below, valve system  245  can be closed by E/M control system  300 , or by strictly mechanical elements. In an alternate embodiment of the present invention, lure  201  does not include water channel  240 . In this embodiment, the fisherman may manually take a water sample, or may not take a water sample at all. 
         [0028]    Charging unit  202  is used to charge a rechargeable battery present in E/M control system  300 . Charging unit  202  includes a charging base  250  and an electrical plug  251 . Electrical plug  251  is plugged into a standard AC outlet, thereby energizing charging base  250 . Lure  201  is designed to dock with charging base  250 , thereby placing a charging element within charging base  250  in close proximity with a recharging circuit in E/M control system  300  (see,  FIG. 3 ). In the described embodiment, a contact-less recharging mechanism is used, thereby allowing the recharging circuit and the battery in E/M control system  300  to be retained in a water-tight capsule within body  205 . Contact-less charging is a well known process, which is typically performed by transferring energy via magnetically coupled transformer windings. In other embodiments, the rechargeable battery can be charged by other processes, including solar power, a 12 Volt DC source or 9 Volt batteries. 
         [0029]      FIG. 3  is a block diagram of E/M control system  300  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. E/M control circuit  300  includes microprocessor  301 , indicator light  302 , digital camera  303 , hook release mechanism  304 , strain gauge system  305 , electrical/mechanical actuator  306 , depth sounder  307 , depth gauge  308 , temperature sensor  309 , communication port  310 , light sensor  311 , water quality detector  312 , rechargeable battery  315  and recharging circuit  316 . All of these elements are sealed to be waterproof within body  205 . Rechargable battery  315  supplies the required power to the other elements of E/M control system  300 . Charging base  250  charges battery  315  through recharging circuit  316  in the manner described above. In the described embodiment, rechargeable battery  315  includes a plurality of lithium-ion/manganese dioxide batteries. Such batteries are available from VARTA Geratebatterie GmbH, Daimlerstr. 1, D-73479 Ellwangen/Jagst, as part number MC621 or MC614, having a nominal voltage of 3 Volts and a capacity of about 1.1 to 1.5 mAh. Other batteries can be used in other embodiments. 
         [0030]    Processor  301  includes memory  320 , unit identification storage element  325  and clock  330 . Although these elements are shown as being internal to processor  301 , it is understood that in other embodiments, one or more of these elements may be implemented outside of processor  301 . In general, memory  320  stores data provided by the other elements of E/M control system  300 . Unit identification storage element  325  is a non-volatile memory configured to store a serial number, which uniquely identifies lure  201 . This serial number is preferably encrypted to prevent a user from easily accessing this number. Prior to using the fishing system  200 , the fisherman registers lure  201  by mail or by Internet, such that the serial number of lure  201  is associated with the fisherman. Clock  330  is a timekeeping reference, which keeps track of the present time and date. In accordance with one embodiment, clock  330  is automatically set via the U.S. atomic clock radio signal, such that accurate recordings are ensured. In accordance with another embodiment, clock  330  is externally programmed through communication port  310 . More specifically, clock  330  may be programmed by control unit  203  (which automatically receives the correct time and date through a wireless network). In one embodiment, processor  301  is implemented using a BASIC Stamp 2 Module available from Parallax Inc. as part number BS2-IC. This microcontroller is a 24-pin DIP module having its own processor, memory, clock and interface via 16 I/O pins. Processor speed is about 20 MHz, program execution speed is about 4000 instructions per second, RAM size is 32 bytes, EEPROM program size is 2K Bytes (about 500 instructions), and the module size is about 1.2″×0.6″×0.4″. It is important to note that other processors can be used in other embodiments. 
         [0031]    Indicator light  302  is typically visible on an exterior surface of lure  201 . Indicator light  302  is controlled by processor  301 , and can be used to identify various information concerning the state of lure  201 . For example, processor  301  may turn on indicator light  302  while battery  315  is charging. Similarly, processor  301  may cause indicator light  302  to flash in predetermined patterns to convey information related to the state of lure  201 . For example, a first flashing pattern may indicate that battery  315  must be recharged, a second flashing pattern may indicate that microprocessor  301  has successfully captured data associated with catching a fish, a third flashing pattern may indicate that microprocessor  301  was successfully programmed, a fourth flashing pattern may indicate that microprocessor  301  was successfully reset, and a fifth flashing pattern may indicate a malfunction within E/M control system  300 . Indicator light  302  may not be included in some embodiments of the present invention. 
         [0032]    E/M control system  300  includes several sensors that collect information that identifies the ambient fishing conditions. These sensors include strain gauge  305 , depth sounder  307 , depth gauge  308 , temperature sensor  309 , light sensor  311 , water quality detector  312  and digital camera  303 . 
         [0033]    Strain gauge system  305  provides a measurement of the tension applied to the fishing line. In accordance with one embodiment, strain gauge system  305  includes a strain gauge, which is formed by an elastomeric piezoelectric material (hereinafter ‘piezo material’). The resistance of the piezo material varies in response to the applied strain. The piezo material is anchored within lure  201 . As described in more detail below, hook release system  304  is connected to the piezo material in a manner which causes this material to be placed under increased strain when the strain on the hook  215  is increased. The piezo material is electrically connected to processor  301 , which measures the resistance of the piezo material in order to identify the strain applied to hook  215 . In accordance with one embodiment, the piezoelectric material is a pressure activated conductive rubber, such as ZOFLEX™ ZF40, which is available from Xilor Inc. Processor  301  monitors the strain(s) reported by strain gauge system  305 . Processor  301  is programmed to perform certain operations when the detected strain exceeds a predetermined threshold strain. The predetermined threshold strain is selected to be less than the strain associated with hooking a fish on lure  201 . The predetermined threshold strain is also selected to be less than the strain associated with a fisherman pulling on lure  201  while a hook is irretrievably embedded in an underwater obstruction. However, the predetermined threshold strain is selected to be greater than the strain associated with other normal fishing activities (e.g., casting lure  201 , pulling lure  201  through water, or having a fish nibble on lure  201 ). By selecting the predetermined threshold strain in this manner, processor  301  can accurately detect when a fish has been hooked or when lure  201  is stuck. 
         [0034]    Upon detecting that the measured strain exceeds the predetermined threshold strain (i.e., when a fish is hooked or lure  201  is stuck), processor  301  collects data from the various sensors present in E/M control system  300 , and stores this data in memory  320 . Note that this data can include the measured strain. The other sensors in E/M control system  300  are described in more detail below. If the measured strain exceeded the predetermined threshold strain because a fish was hooked on lure  201 , then the data stored in memory  320  is subsequently downloaded to control unit  203 , thereby recording details associated with the caught fish. 
         [0035]    If the measured strain exceeded the predetermined threshold strain because the hooks of lure  201  became irretrievably stuck, then microprocessor  301  erases the data stored in memory  320 , and instructs hook release system  304  to release hook  215 , thereby allowing lure  201  to be retrieved. Hook release system  304  is described in more detail below. 
         [0036]    Processor  301  differentiates between a hooked fish and a stuck lure by monitoring the time that the measured strain continuously exceeds the predetermined threshold strain. The fisherman is instructed to continuously pull on lure  201  for a relatively long predetermined time period (e.g., one minute) in the event that lure  201  becomes stuck. The predetermined time period is selected to be long enough that normal fishing activities (e.g., landing a fish) would never result in a measured strain that continuously exceeds the predetermined threshold strain for the predetermined time period. Upon detecting that the measured strain continuously exceeds the predetermined threshold strain for the predetermined time period, processor  301  identifies the event as a stuck lure. In this manner, processor  301  is reliably able to identify when lure  201  is irretrievably stuck. Conversely, microprocessor  301  never activates hook release system  304  during normal fishing activities. 
         [0037]    In accordance with another embodiment, strain gauge system  305  is coupled between line attachment ring  210  and body  205 . However, in this embodiment, processor  301  must be prevented from performing undesired operations during the casting process (when the detected strain may exceed the predetermined threshold strain). 
         [0038]    Turning now to the other sensors in E/M control system  300 , depth sounder  307  is an active device, which is controlled by processor  301  to transmit an acoustic signal while lure  205  is in the water. Processor  301  causes depth sounder  307  to periodically transmit the acoustic signal. The acoustic signal reflects off the bottom of the body of water (e.g., the lake bottom) and returns to depth sounder  307 . Depth sounder  307  detects the reflected acoustic signal. In response, depth sounder  307  transmits signals to processor  301  which are representative of the distance from the lure  201  to the bottom of the body of water (i.e., the depth of the water). In general, processor  301  determines the time elapsed between the time that the acoustic signal was transmitted from depth sounder  307 , and the time the reflected acoustic signal was received by depth sounder  307 , and uses this information (along with the known signal propagation speed in water) to calculate the depth of the water. 
         [0039]    Each time that processor  301  calculates the water depth, the result is stored in memory  320 . In one embodiment, processor  301  overwrites the same location in memory each time the water depth is calculated. In this embodiment, processor  301  may disable depth sounder  307  upon detecting that the measured strain exceeds the predetermined threshold strain. By disabling depth sounder  307  in this manner, memory  320  will effectively store a water depth calculation which is representative of the water depth where the fish strikes lure  201 . In another embodiment, processor  301  stores each water depth calculation separately within memory  320 . In accordance with one embodiment, depth sounder  307  is a piezoceramic transducer available from cryotech.com.tw as part number 25C-10 EAR. This device operates at 25 KHz, includes both a transmitter and receiver, has an outside diameter of 9.9 mm, and is enclosed and waterproof. Other depth sounders  307  can be used in other embodiments. 
         [0040]    Turning now to the next sensor, depth gauge  308  is a passive device, which measures the external water pressure applied to lure  201 . This pressure increases as the depth of lure  201  increases. Thus, depth gauge  308  provides a measurement of the depth of lure  205  under the water surface. Depth gauge  308  continuously provides a pressure measurement to processor  301 . Processor  301  may periodically record this pressure (lure depth) measurement in memory  320 . Alternately, processor  301  may record the pressure (lure depth) measurement in memory  320  only when the measured strain exceeds the predetermined threshold strain (i.e., when a fish is hooked on lure  201 , or lure  201  becomes stuck). In accordance with one embodiment, depth gauge  308  is available from Intersema Sensoric SA, Ch. Chapons-des-Pres 11, CH-2022 BEVAIX, Switzerland, as part number MS54xx (RoHS). Other depth gauges can be used in other embodiments. 
         [0041]    Temperature sensor  309  is a passive device, which measures the temperature of the water when lure  201  is submerged. Temperature sensor  309  should be locates as close to the outer surface of body  205  as possible to obtain an accurate temperature measurement. Temperature sensor  309  continuously provides a temperature measurement to processor  301 . Processor  301  may periodically record the water temperature measurement in memory  320 . Alternately, processor  301  may record the water temperature measurement in memory  320  only when the measured strain exceeds the predetermined threshold strain (i.e., when a fish is hooked on lure  201 , or lure  201  becomes stuck). In accordance with one embodiment, the functionality of temperature sensor  309  is provided by the above-described depth gauge available from Intersema Sensoric SA. 
         [0042]    Light sensor  311  is also a passive device, which measures the amount of ambient light that reaches lure  201  while under water. In one embodiment, light sensor  311  is exposed at the top (dorsal) surface of lure  205 . Light sensor  311  continuously provides light exposure information to processor  301 . In accordance with one embodiment, processor  301  periodically records the light exposure measurement in memory  320 , keeping only the most recent measurement. Processor  301  stops updating the light exposure measurement in memory  320  when the measured strain exceeds the predetermined threshold strain (i.e., when a fish is hooked on lure  201 , or lure  201  becomes stuck). The light exposure measurement stored in memory  320  will therefore be representative of the amount of ambient light present when the fish is hooked. This light exposure measurement may be used to determine the existing weather conditions (e.g., sunny or cloudy) or the existing water conditions (e.g., clear or murky). This light exposure measurement may also be used to determine whether to activate a flash when using digital camera  303 . 
         [0043]    In another embodiment, processor  301  saves all of the periodic recorded light exposure measurements. In yet another embodiment, processor  301  only records a light exposure measurement when the measured threshold exceeds the predetermined threshold strain. Light sensor  311  can be implemented, for example, by a sensor commonly available from Photonic Detectors, Inc. as part number PDB-C113. 
         [0044]    Water quality detector  312  is a sensor that is used to detect the quality of water present in water channel  240 . For example, water quality detector  312  may determine whether the water present in water channel  240  contains an excessive amount of metals, toxicity, fertilizer, or other undesirable materials by exposing a test strip to the water in channel  240 . The test strip changes physical or electrical properties in response to water having an excessive amount of the undesirable material. Upon detecting a change in the physical or electrical properties of the test strip, water quality detector  312  provides a signal to processor  301 , which records this result in memory  320 . 
         [0045]    In the described embodiments, digital camera  303  includes a lens and an LED flash, which are exposed at the outer surface of body  205 , and face to the rear (aft) of lure  201 . Processor  301  activates digital camera  303 , thereby causing camera  303  to take a picture, when the measured strain exceeds the predetermined threshold strain. Processor  301  may activate the flash every time the camera takes a picture. Alternately, processor  301  may activate the flash only when the light sensor  311  indicates that the flash is necessary. Alternately, digital camera  303  may have a sensitivity that eliminates the need for a flash. Processor  301  stores the image taken by digital camera  303  in memory  320 . In this manner, digital camera  303  takes a picture of a fish, immediately after the fish has struck lure  201 . In an alternate embodiment, processor  301  may introduce a short delay between the time that the measured strain exceeds the predetermined threshold strain and the time the picture is taken. Introducing this delay may result in a better picture of the fish. In another embodiment, processor  301  may cause digital camera  303  to take a series of pictures upon detecting that the measured strain exceeds the predetermined threshold strain. 
         [0046]    In one embodiment, digital camera  303  may be an extremely sensitive CMOS camera. Alternately, digital cameral  303  may be an infra-red (IR) camera. For example, digital camera  303  may be a capsule camera that includes a CMOS image sensor, such as those available from MagnaChip Semiconductor as part numbers HV7151SPA, HV7161SPA2 or HF7171SPA3. 
         [0047]    In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, data from digital camera  303 , strain gauge  305 , depth sounder  307 , depth gauge  308 , temperature sensor  309  and light sensor  311  is stored at or about the time that the measured strain exceeds the predetermined threshold strain, thereby providing a snapshot of the ambient environmental conditions when a fish is caught. 
         [0048]    In addition to the above-described measurement/sensor devices, E/M control system  300  includes other elements for controlling the movement and/or physical operation of lure  201 . These elements include hook release system  304  and actuator system  306 . 
         [0049]      FIG. 4A  is a schematic diagram illustrating hook release system  304  and strain gauge system  305 , in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Strain gauge system  305  and hook release system  304  collectively include piezo material  401 , anchor bar  402 , base structure  410 , bi-metal strip  420 , hook keeper  421 , heating element  422 , and electrical leads  430 - 432 . Anchor bar  402  extends through piezo material  401 . The ends of anchor bar  402  are fixedly connected to lure  201  (e.g., to body  205  or to a printed circuit board attached to processor  301 ). Base structure  410  includes a metal strip, which is wrapped around piezo material  401 . The top portion of this metal strip is labeled as top metal portion  411 , while the bottom portion of the metal strip is labeled as bottom metal portion  412 . Top and bottom metal portions  411  and  412  are connected by a waterproof adhesive  413  or solder. Base structure  410  is capable of rotating about piezo material  401 . 
         [0050]    Bi-metal strip  420  is fixedly attached to base structure  410  near piezo material  401 . Bi-metal strip  420  extends in parallel with top and bottom metal portions  411  and  412 . Hook keeper  421  can be, for example, a triangular prism attached to the underside of bi-metal strip  420 . In one embodiment, hook keeper  421  is made of steel. During normal conditions, hook keeper  421  is firmly in contact with top metal portion  411 . The rigidity of hook keeper  421  may be enhanced by indenting a portion of the bi-metal strip  420 . 
         [0051]    Electrical lead  430  is electrically connected to one end of heating element  422 , bi-metal strip  420  and the metal strip of base structure  410 . Electrical lead  431  is electrically connected to an end of piezo material  401 , as illustrated. Electrical lead  432  is coupled to the second end of heating element  422 . 
         [0052]    Heating element  422  is formed on the upper surface of bi-metal strip  420 . In one embodiment, heating element  422  is an electric match, which is ignited (and generates heat) in response to a current applied across electrical leads  430  and  432 . In another embodiment, heating element  422  can be a resistor having a high temperature coefficient, thereby allowing the resistor to heat up quickly in response to a current applied across electrical leads  430  and  432 . 
         [0053]    Hook release system  304  and strain gauge system  305  operates as follows. The end of hook  215  that includes the ring is inserted into the space between bi-metal strip  420  and the top metal portion  411  of base structure  410 , until the outer edge of the ring is pushing against the ramped surface of hook keeper  421 . Hook  215  is pushed until bi-metal strip  420  is forced upward, and the ring of hook slides past hook keeper  421 . At this time, bi-metal strip  420  snaps downward, placing hook keeper  421  back in contact with base structure  410 , effectively trapping hook  215  (with the ring of hook  215  encircling hook keeper  421 ).  FIG. 4B  is a side view illustrating hook  215  engaged with the hook release system  304 /strain gauge system  305  of  FIG. 4A . 
         [0054]    When hook  215  is pulled (e.g., by a fish), forces are exerted on piezo material  401 , thereby changing the resistance of piezo material  401 . Processor  301  monitors the resistance of piezo material  401  between electrical leads  430  and  431 , and converts this resistance to a strain measurement. Processor  301  maintains electrical lead  432  in a floating (isolated) state at this time. 
         [0055]    When processor  301  detects that hook  215  is irretrievably stuck, processor  301  causes an electrical current to flow through heating element  422  by applying an appropriate voltage across electrical leads  430  and  432 . Processor  301  maintains electrical lead  431  in a floating state at this time. The current flowing through heating element  422  generates heat, which is transferred to bi-metal strip  420 . When sufficiently heated, bi-metal strip  420  bends upward, thereby moving hook keeper  421  out of the path of the ring end of hook  215 . At this time, hook  215  is effectively released from lure  201 . This release condition is illustrated in  FIG. 4C . A new hook may be attached to lure  201  in the manner described above, thereby allowing this lure to be used again. If heating element  422  is implemented by an electric match, then a new electric match is attached between the ends of electrical leads  430  and  432 . In one embodiment, the electric match may be housed in a replaceable ceramic tube. This ceramic tube may also be used to house other elements, such as a scent ball. 
         [0056]    Actuator system  306  can be used to mechanically control various elements on lure  201  in response to electrical signals provided by processor  301 . For example, actuator system  306  can be used to control valve  245 . 
         [0057]      FIGS. 5A and 5B  are cross sectional views of valve  245  during open and closed states in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Valve  245  includes recessed chamber  510 , buoyant magnetic ball  515 , retainers  520 - 521  and magnetic element  530 . Recessed chamber  510  extends off of water channel  240 . Buoyant magnetic ball  515  can be, for example, a hollow carbon fiber ball impregnated with a magnetic metal. Retainers  520 - 521  restrict the lateral movement of ball  515  within water channel  240 . Magnetic element  530  is located at the bottom of recessed chamber  510 . In the described embodiment, magnetic element  530  is an electromagnet, which is energized and de-energized in response to signals provided by processor  301 . 
         [0058]    When lure  201  is initially cast into the water, processor  301  energizes magnetic element  530 , thereby pulling ball  515  to the bottom of recessed chamber  310  as illustrated in  FIG. 5A . At this time, water flows freely from the front opening  501  of water channel  240  to the rear opening  502  of water channel  240 . 
         [0059]    After water flow has been established in water channel  240 , processor  301  de-energizes magnetic element  530 , thereby releasing ball  515 . Upon being released, ball  515  floats up into water channel  240 , and becomes lodged in retaining element  521 , thereby creating a seal, as illustrated in  FIG. 5B . A water sample is stored in front of ball  515  within water channel  240 . In accordance with one embodiment, processor  301  de-energizes magnetic element  530  upon detecting that the measured strain exceeds the predetermined threshold strain (i.e., when a fish is hooked). 
         [0060]    In an alternate embodiment, magnetic element  530  is implemented with a weak natural magnet, which is not coupled to processor  301 . In this embodiment, magnetic element  530  holds ball  515  down until the buoyant force of the ball  515  overcomes the magnetic force of the natural magnet. At this time, ball  515  automatically releases to the position illustrated in  FIG. 5B . 
         [0061]    When lure  201  is removed from the water, the fisherman removes the water sample trapped in water channel  240 . In accordance with one embodiment, the fisherman removes the water sample from the front opening  501  by blowing into the rear opening  502 . Blowing into the rear opening  502  causes ball  515  to return to the bottom of recessed chamber  510 , and forces the water sample out of the front opening  501  of water chamber  240 . The fisherman holds a container over the front opening  501  to collect the water sample. In one variation, the fisherman may insert a small bellows into the rear opening  202  in order to force the air required to remove the water sample and reseat ball  515 . In another embodiment, the fisherman seals the rear opening  502  of water channel  240  (e.g., by placing a finger over the rear opening  502 ), and squeezes a bellows  540  located within lure  201 , achieving the same result. The use of bellows minimizes the possibility of contaminating the water sample. 
         [0062]    The retrieved water sample can then be sent to a central testing facility, which performs an analysis of the water sample, and then stores the water analysis on a website database. In an alternate embodiment, the quality of the water released from water channel  240  is analyzed in the field using control unit  203 . In yet another embodiment, the water quality is analyzed using a field test separate from control unit  203 , and the results are downloaded to control unit  203 . 
         [0063]    Actuator system  306  can also be used to control the movement of lure  201  in the water. For example, actuator system  306  can be used to independently control aileron system  230  and rudder system  220 . 
         [0064]      FIG. 6A  is partially exposed top view of actuator system  306  and aileron system  230  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.  FIGS. 6B ,  6 C and  6 D are partially exposed side views of actuator system  306  and aileron system  230  in various positions. Aileron system  230  includes fins  601 - 602 , bearing elements  603 - 604 , axle  605 , lever arm  606 , lever end  607 , and ball  620 . Buoyant inserts  601 A and  602 A are located in the rear portions of fins  601  and  602 , respectively. As described in more detail below, buoyant inserts  601 A- 602 A ensure that the rear ends of fins  601  and  602  are raised higher than the front ends of fins  601  and  602  when actuator system  306  is disabled. 
         [0065]    Fins  601 - 602  are fixedly attached to axle  605 . Axle  605  extends through opening  609  in body  205 . Axle  605  also extends through bearing elements  603 - 604 , which are connected to body  205  within opening  609 . In an alternate embodiment, bearing elements  603 - 604  are not included. Axle  605  is capable of rotating freely within a specified range, as described in more detail below. 
         [0066]    Lever arm  606  is a rigid element, which is fixedly attached to axle  605 . Lever end  607  is also a rigid element, which is connected to lever arm  606 . Lure body  205  includes a hollow slot  611 , which surrounds lever arm  607 , and a hollow cylindrical shaft, which surrounds lever end  607 . Ball  620 , which is made of a magnetic metal, is located within hollow slot  611 , under lever end  607 . In accordance with an alternate embodiment, ball  620  is fixedly attached to lever end  607 . In accordance with various embodiments, water may or may not enter hollow slot  611  and hollow shaft  610  during normal operation of lure  201 . 
         [0067]    Actuator system  306  includes electromagnetic elements  651  and  652 , which are located at predetermined heights along the vertical hollow shaft  610 . These electromagnetic elements  651 - 652  are controlled by processor  301  in the manner described below. 
         [0068]    When lure  201  is initially cast into water, electromagnetic elements  651  and  652  are de-activated. As a result, the buoyant inserts  601 A and  602 A rise and ball  620  (which does not float in water) falls to the bottom of hollow shaft  610 , such that fins  601  and  602  are pitched downward as illustrated in  FIG. 6B . As water flows over the pitched down fins  601 - 602 , the lure is forced downward within the water. 
         [0069]    After lure  201  has reached a pre-programmed depth (as determined by depth sounder  307  and/or depth gauge  308 ), processor  301  activates electromagnetic element  651 . As a result, metal ball  620  is attracted to electromagnetic element  651 . The magnetic force applied to metal ball  620  is sufficient to overcome the buoyant forces of buoyant elements  601 A- 602 A, thereby causing metal ball  620  to rise within hollow shaft  610 . The final position of metal ball  620  is illustrated in  FIG. 6C . While in this position, fins  601 - 602  are level, thereby causing lure to move horizontally within the water. Note that if the water flow is fast enough, the force introduced by the water flow alone may be sufficient to move fins  601 - 602  to a horizontal position. 
         [0070]    Lure  201  can be controlled to move back up toward the water surface under predetermined conditions. To accomplish this, processor activates electromagnetic element  652  and de-activates electromagnetic element  651 . Again, the magnetic force applied to metal ball  620  is sufficient to overcome the buoyant forces of buoyant elements  601 A- 602 A, thereby causing metal ball  620  to rise toward the top of hollow shaft  610 . The final position of metal ball  620  is illustrated in  FIG. 6D . While in this position, fins  601 - 602  are pitched upward, thereby causing lure to move up toward the water surface. 
         [0071]    In the foregoing manner, aileron system  230 , actuator system  306  and processor  301  can control the up/down motion of lure  201  in water. Processor  301  can be programmed via control unit  203  to control actuator system  306 . As described above, processor  301  can control aileron system  230  in response to the sensed depth of lure  201 . Alternately, processor  301  can control aileron system  230  in a timed manner (e.g., dive for 5 seconds, level for 5 seconds, rise for 5 seconds, then repeat pattern). Processor  301  can also control aileron system  230  in response to other sensors on lure  201 . 
         [0072]    In an alternate embodiment, the actuator system  306  of  FIGS. 6A-6D  can be replaced with a small screw-drive motor, which moves a permanent magnet in response to signals provided by processor  301 . The metal ball  620  follows the movement of the permanent magnet, thereby creating the desired movement of the aileron system  230 . In one embodiment, the screw-drive motor is a squiggle SQL series linear motor available from New Scale Technologies, Inc., (www.NewScaleTech.com). 
         [0073]      FIG. 7  is a partially exposed top view of rudder system  220  and actuator system  306  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Rudder system  220  is similar to aileron system  230 . The illustrated portion of rudder system  220  includes fin  701 , bearing  703 , axle  705 , lever arm  706 , lever end  707 , vertical opening  709 , horizontal channel  710 , and slot  711 . In the described embodiment, a second fin (not shown) is connected to axle  705  at the bottom side of lure  201 .  FIG. 7  illustrates an embodiment wherein a rigid lever arm  706  is directly connected to magnetic metal ball  707 . (This configuration can be applied to aileron system  230  in an alternate embodiment.) 
         [0074]    Actuator system  306  includes three electromagnetic elements  720 - 722 , which are controlled by processor  301 . The manner of activating/de-activating electromagnetic elements  720 - 722  can be programmed via control unit  203 , in the same manner described above for aileron system  230 . Rudder system  230  is illustrated with electromagnetic element  721  activated, and electromagnetic elements  720  and  722  de-activated. Under these conditions, ball  707  is attracted to electromagnetic element  721 . The alignment of fin  701  causes lure  201  to turn towards the left, as indicated by the large arrow. When electromagnetic element  720  is activated and electromagnetic elements  721 - 722  are deactivated, ball  707  is attracted to electromagnetic element  720 , and lure  201  tends to travel straight. When electromagnetic element  722  is activated and electromagnetic elements  720 - 721  are deactivated, ball  707  is attracted to electromagnetic element  722 , and lure  201  tends to travel to the right. 
         [0075]    If the swing between electromagnetic elements  720 - 722  is relatively large, intermediate electromagnetic elements may be included between electromagnetic elements  720 - 722 , thereby ensuring reliable transitions between fin positions (and providing more possible fin orientations). 
         [0076]    By programming processor  301  in the appropriate manner, the fisherman can control the path of the lure in the water via aileron system  230  and rudder system  220 , thereby providing the fisherman with more options while fishing. This feature will also allow the fisherman to avoid known obstacles in the water by programming the lure path appropriately. 
         [0077]    In an alternate embodiment, the actuator system  306  of  FIG. 7  can be replaced with a small screw-drive motor, which moves a permanent magnet in response to signals provided by processor  301 , thereby positioning ball  707  in the manner described above. 
         [0078]    In addition, to the above-described devices, E/M control circuit  300  includes a communication port  310 , which enables processor  301  to communicate with external devices. In one embodiment, communication port  310  is an infra-red (IR) communication port. Communication port can form one (or both) eye markings on lure  201 . 
         [0079]    Communication port  310  allows the fisherman to program processor  301  to implement the various features described above. This programming will typically be implemented via control unit  203 , which has a corresponding communication port. 
         [0080]    Communication port  310  can also include a remote control receiver/transmitter, which allows the fisherman to remotely communicate with lure  201  while the lure is in the water. Such a remote control receiver/transmitter may be used, for example, to control the rudder system  220  while the lure  201  is in the water. That is, the rudder system  220  can be controlled to move the lure back and forth (i.e., from bank to bank) within a stream or river. If the water flow is fast enough, the fisherman would not even need to reel in the lure  201  in order to achieve this back and forth lure motion. That is, the lure  201  could move back and forth on a line having a fixed length. This would enable the fisherman to keep the lure in a desired area for an extended period of time. 
         [0081]    Communication port  310  can also include a device that enables two-way tethered (wired) communication between the fisherman and lure  201 . In this embodiment, the wired communication is enabled by a fiber-optic fishing line or a communication link (i.e., wire or fiber-optic cable) attached to the fishing line. Communication over a wire can be performed, for example, using Morse code. Much more information can be provided over a fiber-optic cable. For example, a live video feed can be provided from the camera  303  on lure  201 . This live video feed could be broadcast on television during a professional fishing contest. 
         [0082]      FIG. 8  is a block diagram of control unit  203  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. It is understood that in alternate embodiment, not all of the elements of control unit  203  will be required. Control unit  203  includes processor  801 , wireless network port  802 , wireless communication port  803 , wired communication port  804 , digital camera  805 , GPS chipset  806 , memory  807 , user interface  808 , water field testing device  809  and scale  810 . 
         [0083]    Control unit  203  communicates with lure  201  via wireless communication port  803 . In the described embodiment, wireless communication port  803  is an infra-red (IR), Bluetooth or radio frequency (RF) port, which enables communication with lure  201  via communication port  310  of lure  201 . The fisherman may place communication ports  310  and  803  in close proximity, thereby enabling control unit  203  to communicate with lure  201 . User interface  808  enables the fisherman to initiate a transfer (download) of data from lure  201 . Upon receiving the download request from user interface  808 , processor  801  transmits a read request to lure  201  via communication ports  803  and  310 . Upon receiving the request, processor  301  within lure  201  retrieves the contents of memory  320  (e.g., the information collected while catching a fish) and the contents of unit identification storage circuit  325  (e.g., the serial number of lure  201 ). Processor  301  causes this retrieved information to be transmitted to processor  801  (via communication ports  310  and  803 ). Processor  801  stores the retrieved information in memory  807 . 
         [0084]    After storing the retrieved information in memory  807 , processor  801  automatically queries GPS chipset  806 , thereby obtaining the current GPS coordinates (i.e., location) of the fisherman. Processor  801  stores these GPS coordinates in memory  807 . In one embodiment, GPS chipset  806  is a Lassen SQ BPS module available from Trimble Navigation Ltd., 645 North Mary Avenue, Sunnyvale, Calif. 94086. 
         [0085]    At this time, the fisherman can enable the digital camera  805  via the user interface  808 . Once enabled, the digital camera  805  can be used to take a clear picture of a fish that was caught, along with the markings/colorings on the lure  201  used to catch the fish. Processor  801  stores this fish picture in memory  807  and/or transmits this fish picture to a network for display or verification. 
         [0086]    The fisherman can also enable water field testing device  809  via the user interface  808 . Once enabled, the fisherman places a water sample (typically retrieved from water channel  240 ) into the water field testing device  809  (through an opening in control unit  203 ). Water field testing device  809  may then perform water testing in the following manner. 
         [0087]      FIG. 9  is a schematic diagram of water field testing device  809  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Water field testing device  809  includes water reservoir  901 , valves  902 - 907 , mixing vials  911 - 912 , chemical vials  921 - 922 , backlights  931 - 932 , color charts  941 - 942 , laser  950  and laser positioning device  952 . 
         [0088]    Water field testing device  809  operates as follows in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The fisherman initially transfers the water sample from lure  201  into water reservoir  901 , such that the water sample is placed into contact with valves  902  and  903 . Chemical vials  921  and  922  are replaceable elements, which are inserted into water field testing device  809  as illustrated. Chemical vials  921  and  922  contain different chemicals for identifying the presence of impurities and trace elements in the water sample. Chemical vials  921 - 922  can be joined together to form a single cartridge, which is easily inserted or removed from water field testing device  809 . Valves  906  and  907  separate the chemicals in vials  921  and  922  from mixing vials  911  and  912 , respectively. Valves  904  and  905  are connected to a common plunger (not shown). When this plunger is pulled, the resulting pressure opens valves  902 - 907 . As a result, the water sample is drawn into mixing vials  911 - 912  through valves  902 - 903 , respectively, and the test chemicals are drawn into mixing vials  911 - 912  through valves  906 - 907 , respectively. The fisherman may then gently shake water field testing device  809  to mix the water sample with the test chemicals. 
         [0089]    The test chemicals are selected to turn certain colors in the presence or absence of selected impurities or trace elements. For example, the test chemical introduced by chemical vial  921  may turn various shades of a known color (e.g., blue) in the presence of various concentrations of mercury. The associated color chart  941  shows these various shades of the known color, which are labeled A to H. After the contents of mixing vial  911  have had a chance to combine and turn to the resulting color, backlight  931  is turned on. The fisherman compares the actual color of the contents of mixing vial  911  with the color chart  941  to determine the shade on the color chart  941  which most closely matches the color of the contents of mixing vial  911 . 
         [0090]    In one embodiment, the fisherman can use laser positioning system  952  to move laser  950  along axis  955 , until the laser beam  951  intersects the region of the color chart  941  which most closely matches the color of the contents of mixing vial  911 . The movement of laser  950  may be implemented, for example, by a jog wheel controller. When laser  950  has been properly positioned, the fisherman actuates an ‘enter’ switch (e.g., presses the jog wheel controller inward), thereby sending a signal to processor  801  which identifies the position of laser  950  (e.g., P 0 -P 7 ). Processor  801  stores this signal, which represents the result of the first water test, in memory  807 . In an alternate embodiment, color chart  941  can be labeled with numbers identifying the different color hues, and the fisherman can simply enter the number of the color chart  941  that corresponds with the color of the contents of mixing vial  911 . 
         [0091]    When the fisherman has entered the result associated with mixing vial  911 , backlight  931  is turned off, and backlight  932  is turned on. The process is then repeated for mixing vial  912  and color chart  942 . 
         [0092]    Although water field testing device  809  has been described in connection with a pair of water tests, it is understood that other numbers of water tests can be performed in other embodiments. In one embodiment, there are 35 different chemical vials provided to test for 35 corresponding water impurities and trace elements. 
         [0093]    The fisherman can also weight the fish that was caught by attaching the fish to scale  810  (e.g., via an external connector on control unit  203 ). Processor  801  receives the results of the weighing, and stores the measured weight of the fish in memory  807 . In one embodiment, scale  810  is implemented by a tension load cell available from Measurement Specialties (www.meas-spec.com) as part number FT24. 
         [0094]      FIG. 10  is a schematic diagram of a T-square device  1000  in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. As described in more detail below, T-square device  1000  can be used to measure the weight of the fish and take a calibrated picture of the fish, such that the length of the fish can be determined. T-square device  1000  includes frame  1005  and optional scale  1006 . Frame  1005  includes targets  1001 - 1002 , measuring stick  1003  and level  1004 . Frame  1005  is fixed in the position shown, such that level  1004  indicates that the T-square device  1000  has a predetermined alignment (e.g., level). Fish  1007  is hung from scale  1006 . In one embodiment, scale  1006  transmits the weight of fish  1007  to handheld device  203 . In another embodiment, scale  1006  displays the weight of fish  1007 , and the camera  805  on handheld device  203  takes a picture of this displayed weight. In yet another embodiment, scale  1006  is replaced with a simple hanger for suspending fish  1007 . 
         [0095]    After fish  1007  has been suspended from frame  1005 , the fisherman positions the handheld device  203 , such that fixed lasers  1020  and  1021  on handheld device  203  transmit beams  1020 A- 1021 A onto targets  1001 - 1002  on frame  1005 . A supporting structure  1010 , such as a monopod or tripod, can be used to stabilize handheld unit  203 . When the beams  1020 A- 1021 A illuminate the corresponding targets  1001 - 1002 , the fisherman takes a picture with camera  805 . The picture will show fish  1007 , illuminated targets  1001 - 1002 , level  1004 , measuring stick  1003  and scale  1006 . Note that lasers  1020 - 1021 , targets  1001 - 1002  and level  1004  result in a calibrated picture of fish  1007 . Thus, the picture can be used to accurately determine the length of fish  1007 . Because all handheld units and t-squares are identical, the calibrated pictures taken by different fisherman can be compared in a meaningful way. The picture taken by camera  805  is stored in memory  807 . 
         [0096]    In an alternate embodiment, targets  1001 - 1002  and lasers  1020 - 1021  are replaced with an acoustic rangefinder on handheld device  203 . This acoustic rangefinder can be, for example, the same device used to implement depth sounder  307  on lure  201 . Before taking a picture, the fisherman must enable the rangefinder. The rangefinder identifies the distance between the handheld device  203 , and transmits the result to processor  801 . In response, processor  801  actuates a speaker, which emits a series of audible beeps. The time between beeps is directly related to the distance between the handheld device  203  and the T-square device  1000 . The fisherman moves the handheld device  203  to a desired, predetermined distance from the T-square device  1000 , using the beeps as a guide. When the beeps are controlled to have a predetermined state (e.g., silent or constant), the handheld device  203  allows the fisherman to take a picture of the fish. Alternately, the picture may be taken automatically when the beeps are controlled to have the predetermined state. This method also provides calibration to the resulting picture. 
         [0097]    When all of the desired information has been stored in memory  807 , this information is downloaded to a dedicated server on the Internet. The fisherman may start this download via the user interface  808 . In response, processor  801  establishes a wireless network (e.g., WiFi) connection via wireless network port  802 . Once the wireless network connection is established, processor  801  transmits the data stored in memory  807  on the wireless network. The dedicated server coupled to the wireless network stores the data retrieved from memory  807  in a large database. 
         [0098]    In an alternate embodiment, processor  801  may transmit the stored data on a wired network using wired network port  804 . Wired network port  804  can be, for example, a USB port or a firewire port. 
         [0099]    Processor  801  can also transmit other instructions and information to lure via wireless communication ports  803  and  310 . For example, processor  801  may transmit instructions that cause processor  301  to test the various elements of E/M control circuit. Processor  301  then returns the results of the test to processor  801  to indicate whether the various elements of E/M control circuit  300  are operating properly. After retrieving data from lure  201 , processor  801  may transmit a reset signal, which causes processor  301  to erase memory  320  and/or recalibrate the various sensors in E/M control circuit  300 . Processor  801  may also transmit instructions to processor  301  that define the desired path of lure  201  in the water. That is, processor  801  may transmit instructions that identify the manner in which actuators  305  control the rudders  230 . The fisherman may enter information identifying the desired path of lure  201  via user interface  808 . 
         [0100]    The information stored in the dedicated server can be used for a variety of applications that enhance the fishing experience. For example, the server may function as a central clearinghouse for region or national fishing contests. These fishing contests may be held for fun or money. For example, each fisherman may pay a nominal fee (e.g., $1) to enter a fishing contest to be held during a certain time and/or in a certain location or locations. Pre-payment of the entry fee would typically be made by credit card over the Internet. Upon receiving payment, the serial number of the entrant&#39;s lure would be validated for the contest. Each fisherman may decide to enter multiple lures in a contest, with an entry fee being paid for each lure. The fisherman would then go fishing at the designated time and/or location. The fisherman would then transmit data associated with any caught fish to the server in the manner described above. At the end of the contest, one or more contest winners could be verified using the information stored in the server, and the results could be displayed on an associated website. Each winner may receive a prize, typically in the form of a credit to their credit card account, free entry to future contests, and/or certificates for a free lure. Portions of the collected entry fees could be used, for example, (1) as prize money for the contest winners (2) to pay for the upkeep of the server/database, (3) to support various environmental causes/charities (4) to establish a mentor program, wherein experienced fishermen are connected with others who are interested in learning about fishing. 
         [0101]    In accordance with another embodiment, the database maintained by the server may be used for environmental research. With enough fishermen adopting the fishing system, large amounts of data would be compiled, including: location, time, date, water quality, water depth, water temperature, water clarity, fish size, and fish appearance. Such a database could be invaluable to environmental researchers. Access to the database could be free or there could be a fee to access the database. 
         [0102]    Although the present invention has been described in connection with several embodiments, it is understood that this invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed, but is capable of various modifications which would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. For example, in different embodiments, E/M control system  300  and control unit  203  may include various subsets of the elements illustrated in  FIGS. 3 and 8 , thereby providing lures with different functionalities. In addition, although the movement of lure has been described using an aileron and rudder system, it is understood that the movement of the lure may be defined by one or more controllable ballast devices may be located within the lure. Moreover, lure  201  can additionally include other features of conventional lures, including for example, a scent chamber for storing a bait ball. Thus, the invention is limited only by the following claims.