Abstract:
A Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) module and a Bluetooth module for a mobile communication terminal. A baseband unit for WLAN and Bluetooth, generates a signal indicating whether WLAN and Bluetooth services are in progress. A switch switches the at least two antennas to the Bluetooth module if only the Bluetooth service is in progress and switches the at least two antennas to the WLAN module if only the WLAN service is in progress. Therefore, antenna diversity is achieved if only one of the WLAN and Bluetooth services is in progress.

Description:
PRIORITY 
     This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to an application entitled “Apparatus And Method For Efficiently Using Antennas In A Mobile Communication Terminal Having Bluetooth And Wireless Local Area Network Modules” filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on Jan. 17, 2005 and assigned Ser. No. 2005-4042, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates generally to an apparatus and method for efficiently using antennas in a mobile communication terminal having wireless communication modules (such as Bluetooth) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) modules, and in particular, to an apparatus and method for achieving antenna diversity and thus improving the reception sensitivity of Bluetooth and WLAN signals in a mobile communication terminal having Bluetooth and WLAN modules. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     Recent years have witnessed the proliferation of mobile communication terminals due to their portable convenience. The growing use of the mobile communication terminals has driven service providers and terminal manufacturers to develop terminals with additional and more convenient functions in order to attract more users. 
     Traditionally, mobile communication terminals support only Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN) such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) and Personal Communication Service (PCS). As they have recently been further equipped with more and convenient functions, WLAN and Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) systems including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802/a/b/g, Bluetooth and Zigbee are added to the mobile communication terminals. 
     A WLAN transmits and receives over the air using radio frequency (RF) or light, thus ensuring user mobility and facilitating extension, repair and maintenance. Especially the IEEE 802.11 system offers a data rate of 11 Mbps in the 2.4 GHz band. 
     Bluetooth is a standard for short-range, low-cost radio links between electronic devices such as mobile personal computers (PCs) and mobile phones. It allows transfer of voice and data between digital devices without using cables. Bluetooth operates at 2.4 GHz, serving up to 1 Mbps in a range limited to 10 m. 
       FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a conventional mobile communication terminal having Bluetooth and WLAN modules. Referring to  FIG. 1 , a mobile communication terminal  100  includes a WWAN antenna  101 , a communication module  107 , a controller  109 , a memory  111 , a WLAN antenna  103 , a WLAN module  113 , a Bluetooth antenna  105 , and a Bluetooth module  115 . The communication module  107  covers all of 1 st  generation analog communications, 2 nd  generation CDMA, 2.5 th  generation PCS, and 3 rd  generation Code Division Multiple Access 2000 (CDMA2000). 
     The controller  109  provides overall control to the mobile communication terminal  100 . For example, it processes and controls voice and data received from the communication module  107 , the WLAN module  113 , and the Bluetooth module  115 . 
     The memory  111  includes a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), and a flash ROM (not shown). The ROM stores the micro-codes of programs, needed for processing and controlling in the controller  109 , and reference data. The RAM is a working memory of the controller  109 , for temporarily storing data generated during execution of the programs. The flash ROM stores updatable data to be kept, such as a phone book and incoming/outgoing messages. 
     The WWAN antenna  101  transmits/receives RF signals in a band of 869 to 894 MHz in CDMA and in a band of 1930 to 1990 MHz in PCS. The communication module  107  processes RF signals received and transmitted through the WWAN antenna  101  according to a CDMA standard (e.g. IS-95). 
     When receiving an RF signal through the WWAN antenna  101 , the communication module  107  downconverts the RF signal to a baseband signal and despreads and channel-decodes the baseband signal. For transmission, the communication module  107  spreads and channel-encodes transmission data, upconverts the coded data to an RF signal, and transmits the RF signal through the WWAN antenna  101 . 
     The WLAN antenna  103  transmits/receives an RF signal in the 2.4 GHz band to/from an access point (AP) in the case of IEEE 802.11b. For reception, the WLAN module  113  downconverts an RF signal received through the WLAN antenna  103  to a baseband signal, converts the baseband signal to a digital signal through a low-pass filter (LPF) and an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter, and provides the digital data to the controller  109 . For transmission, the WLAN module  113  modulates transmission data, converts the WLAN digital information to a baseband analog signal through a digital-to-analog (D/A) converter, upconverts the baseband analog signal to an RF signal, and transmits the RF signal through the WLAN antenna  103 . The WLAN module  113  is so configured that transmission is enabled with reception disabled and reception is enabled with transmission disabled. 
     The Bluetooth antenna  105  transmits/receives an RF signal in the 2.4 GHz band at a data rate of 1 Mbps, for short-range radio communications at a low rate. The Bluetooth module  115  downconverts a received RF signal to a baseband signal, converts the analog signal to a digital signal, and provides the digital signal to the controller  109 . It also converts transmission data to an analog signal, upconverts the analog signal to an RF signal, and transmits the RF signal through the Bluetooth antenna  105 . 
     As described above, the WLAN module  113  and the Bluetooth module  15  operate in independent RF paths. Although they use the same 2.4 GHz Industrial Scientific Medical (ISM) band, both modules are so configured that their baseband units (not shown) exchange predetermined signals and correspondingly operate according to their priority levels in order to ensure coexistence between them. 
     If one of the WLAN and Bluetooth systems is used in the 2.4 GHz ISM band, the RF antenna of the other system becomes idle. Moreover, in the case of applying antenna diversity with the purpose of increasing the reception rates of the WLAN and Bluetooth systems, each system requires a plurality of antennas which occupy more area. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An object of the present invention is to substantially solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages below. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for sharing antennas between a Bluetooth system and a WLAN system in a mobile communication terminal having Bluetooth and WLAN modules. Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for achieving antenna diversity by sharing antennas between a Bluetooth system and a WLAN system in a mobile communication terminal having Bluetooth and WLAN modules. 
     The above objects are achieved by providing an apparatus and method for efficiently using antennas in a mobile communication terminal having a WLAN module and a Bluetooth module. 
     According to one aspect of the present invention, in an apparatus for achieving antenna diversity in a mobile communication terminal that operates in a plurality of communication modes at the same frequency, at least two antennas are provided. A baseband unit generates a predetermined signal indicating whether communications are in progress in the plurality of communication modes. A switch switches the at least two antennas to operate in a first communication mode if the predetermined signal indicates that communications are in progress only in the first communication mode, and switches the at least two antennas to operate in a second communication mode if the predetermined signal indicates that communications are in progress only in the second communication mode. Therefore, antenna diversity is achieved if all of the communication modes are not in use for communications. 
     According to another aspect of the present invention, in an apparatus for achieving antenna diversity in a mobile communication terminal having a WLAN module and a Bluetooth module using the same frequency, at least two antennas are provided. A baseband unit for WLAN and Bluetooth generates a signal indicating whether WLAN and Bluetooth services are in progress. A switch switches the at least two antennas to the Bluetooth module if only the Bluetooth service is in progress and switches the at least two antennas to the WLAN module if only the WLAN service is in progress. Therefore, antenna diversity is achieved if only one of the WLAN and Bluetooth services is in progress. 
     According to a further aspect of the present invention, in a method of achieving antenna diversity in a mobile communication terminal that operates in a plurality of communication modes at the same frequency, if communications are in progress only in a first communication mode, antennas that are intended to operate for the other communication modes are operated in the first communication mode. If communications are in progress only in a second communication mode, antennas that are intended to operate for the other communication modes are operated in the second communication mode. Therefore, antenna diversity is achieved if all of the communication modes are not in use for communications. 
     According to still another aspect of the present invention, in a method of achieving antenna diversity in a mobile communication terminal having a WLAN module and a Bluetooth module using the same frequency, a WLAN antenna is connected to a first WLAN RF path and a Bluetooth antenna is connected to a second WLAN RF path, if only the WLAN module is in use for communications. The WLAN antenna is connected to a second Bluetooth RF path and the Bluetooth antenna is connected to a first Bluetooth RF path, if only the Bluetooth module is in use for communications. Therefore, antenna diversity is achieved if only one of the WLAN and Bluetooth modules is in use for communications. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a conventional mobile communication terminal having Bluetooth and WLAN modules; 
         FIG. 2  is a block diagram of a mobile communication terminal for achieving antenna diversity using Bluetooth and WLAN antennas according to the present invention; and 
         FIG. 3  is a diagram of an antenna switch used to achieve antenna diversity using the Bluetooth and WLAN antennas according to the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described herein below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail since they would obscure the invention in unnecessary detail. 
       FIGS. 2 and 3  are block diagrams of a mobile communication terminal for achieving antenna diversity using Bluetooth and WLAN antennas according to the present invention. 
       FIG. 2  is a block diagram of a mobile communication terminal for achieving antenna diversity using Bluetooth and WLAN antennas according to the present invention.  FIG. 3  is a block diagram of an antenna switch used to achieve antenna diversity using the Bluetooth and WLAN antennas illustrated in  FIG. 2 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 2 and 3 , a mobile communication terminal  200  includes a WWAN antenna  201 , a communication module  207 , a controller  209 , a memory  211 , a WLAN antenna  203 , a WLAN module  213 , a Bluetooth antenna  205 , a Bluetooth module  215 , and an antenna switch  217 . The communication module  207  covers all of 1 st  generation analog, 2 nd  generation CDMA, 2.5 th  generation PCS, and 3 rd  generation CDMA 2000 communications. 
     The controller  209  provides overall control to the mobile communication terminal  200 . For example, it processes and controls voice and data communications. 
     The memory  211  includes a ROM, a RAM, and a flash ROM (not shown). The ROM stores the micro-codes of programs, needed for processing and controlling in the controller  209 , and reference data. The RAM is a working memory of the controller  209 , for temporarily storing data generated during execution of the programs. The flash ROM stores updatable data to be kept, such as a phone book and incoming/outgoing messages. 
     The WWAN antenna  201  transmits/receives RF signals in a band of 869 to 894 MHz in CDMA and in a band of 1930 to 1990 MHz in PCS. The communication module  207  processes RF signals received and transmitted through the WWAN antenna  201  according to a CDMA standard (e.g. IS-95). 
     When receiving an RF signal through the WWAN antenna  201 , the communication module  207  downconverts the RF signal to a baseband signal and despreads and channel-decodes the baseband signal. For transmission, the communication module  207  spreads and channel-encodes transmission data, upconverts the coded data to an RF signal, and transmits the RF signal through the WWAN antenna  201 . 
     The WLAN antenna  203  transmits/receives an RF signal in the 2.4 GHz band to/from an AP for IEEE 802.11b. As illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the WLAN module  213  includes an RF unit  301  and a baseband (BB) unit  303 . The RF unit  301  downconverts an RF signal received through the WLAN antenna  203  and the Bluetooth antenna  205  to a baseband signal, and provides the baseband signal to the BB unit  303 . It also upconverts a baseband signal received from the BB unit  303  to an RF signal and transmits the RF signal through the WLAN antenna  203  and the Bluetooth antenna  205 . 
     The BB unit  303  is interposed between the RF unit  301  and the controller  209  and processes baseband signals. For example, upon receipt of a baseband signal from the RF unit  301 , the BB unit  303  converts the baseband analog signal to a digital signal through an LPF and an A/D converter, and provides the digital data to the controller  209 . For transmission, the BB unit  303  converts digital information to be transmitted to a baseband analog signal through a D/A converter and provides the baseband analog signal to the RF unit  301 . In addition, the BB unit  303  generates a signal indicating whether the WLAN service is on-going or not and transmits it to a BB unit  305  of the Bluetooth module  215 , and receives from the BB unit  305  a signal indicating whether the Bluetooth service is on-going or not in order to ensure coexistence between both systems. These signals are delivered on a coexistence signal channel  309 . 
     The Bluetooth antenna  205  transmits/receives an RF signal in the 2.4 GHz band at a data rate of 1 Mbps, for short-range radio communications at a low rate. As illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the Bluetooth module  215  includes an RF unit  307  and the BB unit  305 . The RF unit  307  downconverts an RF signal received through the Bluetooth antenna  205  and the WLAN antenna  203  to a baseband signal, and provides the baseband signal to the BB unit  305 . It also upconverts a baseband signal received from the BB unit  305  to an RF signal and transmits the RF signal through the Bluetooth antenna  205  and the WLAN antenna  203 . 
     The BB unit  305  is interposed between the RF unit  307  and the controller  209  and processes baseband signals. As described before, the BB unit  303  and the BB unit  305  generate signals indicating whether the WLAN system and the Bluetooth system are operating and exchange them on the coexistence signal channel  309 . 
     As described above, since the WLAN module  213  and the Bluetooth module  215  operate in independent RF paths, the BB unit  303  and the BB unit  305  generate 2-bit signals indicating whether the WLAN module  213  and the Bluetooth module  215  are now operating, and exchange the signals with each other. The two systems then operate according to their priority levels based on the received signals, to thereby ensure their coexistence. For example, if the WLAN module  213  is operating, the BB unit  303  generates a signal of “10”. If the WLAN module  213  is inoperative, the BB unit  303  generates a signal of “00”. If the Bluetooth module  215  is operating, the BB unit  305  generates a signal of “01”. If the Bluetooth module  215  is inoperative, the BB unit  305  generates a signal of “00”. 
     When one of the two systems is in use, the 2-bit signals serve to control the antenna switch  217  to use the antenna of the other system for the operating system. 
     Referring to  FIG. 3 , the antenna switch  217  includes a 4×2 switch or two 2×1 switches. The antenna switch  217  OR-operates the 2-bit signals and switches the WLAN antenna  203  and the Bluetooth antenna  205  to an appropriate RF path. 
     For example, when the user uses only the WLAN service, the OR-gated coexistence channel signal is “10” (“10” for WLAN and “00” for Bluetooth). Thus, a switch A connects the WLAN antenna  203  to WLAN RF PATH  1  and a switch B connects the Bluetooth antenna  205  to WLAN RF PATH  2 , thereby supporting antenna diversity for the WLAN module  213 . 
     When the user uses only the Bluetooth service, the OR-gated coexistence channel signal is “01” (“00” for WLAN and “01” for Bluetooth). Thus, the switch A connects the WLAN antenna  203  to Bluetooth RF PATH  2  and the switch B connects the Bluetooth antenna  205  to Bluetooth RF PATH  1 , thereby supporting antenna diversity for the Bluetooth module  215 . 
     If the user uses both the WLAN service and the Bluetooth service, the OR-gated coexistence channel signal is “11” (“10” for WLAN and “01” for Bluetooth). Thus, the switch A connects the WLAN antenna  203  to WLAN RF PATH  1  and the switch B connects the Bluetooth antenna  205  to Bluetooth RF PATH  1 . 
     While the antenna switch  217  is controlled by the signals generating from the BB units  303  and  305 , indicating whether the WLAN and Bluetooth systems are operating in the above embodiment, it can be contemplated as another embodiment that the controller  209  determines the states of both systems and correspondingly controls the antenna switch  217 . 
     In accordance with the present invention, in the case where Bluetooth and WLAN operate in independent RF paths in a mobile communication terminal having Bluetooth and WLAN modules, one system in use shares the antenna of the other system or one system with a higher priority level shares the antenna of the other system. Therefore, antenna diversity can be achieved without the need for additional antennas. Power consumption is reduced when the antenna of the other system becomes idle, compared to what might otherwise be encountered when one system only is operative. 
     While the invention has been shown and described with reference to a certain preferred embodiment thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.