Abstract:
Environmental protection methods for power connectors normally suited only for indoor use that allows said connectors to be used in the harsh outdoor environment of powersports vehicles such as motorcycles, all terrain vehicles, snowmobiles and other special purpose vehicles. The resulting environmentally protected low power connectors provide a small, lightweight, easy to mount, low-cost power source for a wide variety of low power accessories.

Description:
FIELD OF INVENTION 
     This invention relates to electrical power connectors for motorcycles, all terrain vehicles, snowmobiles and other vehicle commonly referred to as powersports vehicles and also but not limited to other special purpose vehicle such as golf carts and powered wheel chairs. 
     BACKGROUND OF INVENTION 
     Owners and users of motorcycles, all terrain vehicles, snowmobiles, commonly called powersports vehicles and other special purpose vehicles such as golf carts and powered wheel chairs are frequently modified from their original equipment manufactured configuration to add a variety of accessories that enhance the vehicle capability and the operator&#39;s experience. These added accessories may be roughly divided into three categories: low power up to 2 amp or 20 watts, medium power of 2 to 5 amps or 20 to 60 watts and high power of 6 amps or 80 watts and greater. Examples of low power accessories may include navigation systems such as global positioning systems, cell phones, entertainment systems, radar detectors, intra-vehicle rider to passenger communication systems, inter-vehicle short range communication systems, personal digital assistants and small computers. Medium power accessories may include on-road auxiliary lighting and single articles of heated clothing. High power devices may include high intensity off-road lighting, external battery chargers and multiple articles of heated clothing. 
     A search of available vehicle accessories shows that there exist many more types of low power accessories than medium or high power accessories. Moreover, low power accessories are commonly able to be easily removed from the vehicle for personal use. For example a cell phone is normally carried on the person but can be mounted in a quick detach cradle on a vehicle for hands-free use. High power accessories are more commonly attached more permanently on the vehicle. For example high power off road lights must be mounted rigidly to ensure proper beam aiming and require special purpose wiring capable of carrying high current. 
     In spite of the fact that most accessories fall into the low power category, the availability of power connectors with convenient vehicle mounting methods, quick detach capability and sized for low power are non-existent in the market. Currently available accessory power connectors include DIN ISO 4165 jack/plug connector pairs, SAE two pin male/female connector pairs and cigar lighter sockets. These connector/socket systems are capable of carrying as much as 10 to 20 amps or ten times the required power levels of low power accessories. These large connectors may be acceptable for connecting low power accessories in automobiles and trucks that have large passenger compartments where space is not an issue. However, they are not well suited to the aforementioned powersports vehicles that have very limited mounting space. Moreover, some connectors such as the DIN ISO 4165 type and cigar lighters have marginal or no environmental sealing when the connection is made. Lastly, these large connectors typically require heavy mounting methods such as thick metal brackets or bulky screw clamps. 
     There exists readily available compact, lightweight, low voltage coaxial barrel jack/plug type connector that are commonly used to power home and office electronics. Said coaxial barrel connectors would be suitable for powersports and specialty vehicle use were it not for the fact that they are designed for indoor use and have neither environmental protection nor any mounting apparatus. Both of these connector types are typically available as free-hanging cable connectors, printed circuit board mounted or as panel mounted devices for use in electrical equipment cabinets and chassis. While these configurations have been adapted to vehicle use, the results can be unsightly, awkward, and prone to environmental damage and in some cases unsafe. 
     The primary object of this invention is to provide the owners and users of powersports vehicles and specialty vehicles environmental protection that allow the utilization of readily available, compact coaxial barrel connector. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     To achieve the above objectives, and in accordance with the purpose of the invention broadly described herein firstly, an encapsulation for coaxial barrel connectors comprising of: an encapsulated coaxial barrel socket with an external sealing feature protruding from and encircling the mating end of the coaxial barrel socket, a corresponding environmentally protected coaxial barrel plug with an internal intrusive sealing feature shaped to fit snugly against the sealing feature of the coaxial barrel socket thus providing environmental protection. 
     The encapsulation may be made from any resilient, weather resistant material such as synthetic rubber or a thermoplastic elastomer. The material may be of different colors for different axial barrel connector pairs to allow the user to distinguish between different power connections such as direct battery connection, ignition switched connection or auxiliary switched connection. 
     The sealing feature of the coaxial barrel socket or coaxial barrel plug or both the coaxial barrel socket and coaxial plug may be integrally formed with the encapsulation or be comprised of separate parts as will be described herein. 
     The encapsulated coaxial barrel socket or plug may be formed as a linear cylinder, right angle or some intermediate angle to provide the user options for efficient cable routing. 
     Secondly the present invention describes a cap with a restraining lanyard that provides environmental protection for the coaxial barrel socket when a coaxial barrel plug connection is not present. The protective cap is so formed as to provide the same intrusive sealing feature as described for the coaxial barrel plug. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  shows a coaxial barrel jack with environmental protective encapsulation to form an environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack. 
         FIG. 2  shows an embodiment of an environmental protective cap with integral lanyard that mates with the environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack of  FIG. 1  to provide an environmental seal when the environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack is not mated with an environmentally protected coaxial barrel plug. 
         FIG. 3  shows the environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack of  FIG. 1  mated with the environmental protective cap of  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 4  shows an embodiment of an environmentally protected coaxial barrel plug sealing cap molded as a separate part. 
         FIGS. 5A and 5B  show an exploded view and assembled view of an embodiment of an environmentally protected coaxial barrel plug with the seal cap shown in  FIG. 4 . 
         FIGS. 6A and 6B  show an exploded view and assembled view of an embodiment of an environmentally protected coaxial barrel plug with a right angle configuration and sealing cap. 
         FIGS. 7A and 7B  show an exploded view and assembled view of an environmentally protected coaxial barrel plug mated with an environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack. A cutaway in  FIG. 7B  shows the interface between the mated environmental sealing elements. 
         FIGS. 8A and 8B  illustrate exploded and assembled views of an environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack, environmental seal cap and mounting bracket. 
         FIGS. 9A and 9B  show exploded and assembled views of an embodiment for panel mounting a coaxial barrel connector that is compatible with the environmentally protected coaxial barrel plug. The embodiment shown includes an environmental seal part that mates with the environmental seal part of the environmentally protected coaxial barrel plug. This part may thread onto to the coaxial barrel jack in addition to the normal retaining nut or be used in place of the retaining nut to secure the barrel jack. The figure also illustrates the environmental seal cap and lanyard shown in  FIG. 2 . 
         FIGS. 10A and 10B  show exploded and assembled views of an environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack embodiment that consists of separable parts that make it suitable for field installation. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the invention as illustrated in the accompanying figures. It should be noted that no reference is made to the cabling or vehicle connections as these connections are common vehicle power and ground cables and are well known to anyone skilled in the art. In addition, strain relief features are shown on all cables but are not included as numbered items as they are common to power cables, well documented by prior art and thoroughly understood by anyone skilled in the art. 
       FIG. 1  shows the basic building block of the connector system, an environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack  100  with a coaxial barrel jack encapsulation  10  made of a resilient weather resistant material such as such as synthetic rubber or thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). Said encapsulation  10  is shown as having a generally rounded section but other shapes such as hexagonal, elliptical or a combination of shapes could be employed. Said coaxial barrel jack encapsulation  10  includes a sealing lip  11  oriented circumferentially about the end most part of the body. Said sealing lip  11  shown has a generally round cross section profile for ease of mating and de-mating the corresponding connector but other shapes are possible as well. The coaxial barrel jack encapsulation  10  may have two fixing radial grooves  12  to provide a more robust locating function for the fixing parts that will be described later. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates an embodiment of a protective cap  25  made of a resilient weather resistant material such as such as synthetic rubber or thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). Said protective cap consists of a molded hat section ring  20  with an integrally molded internal radial sealing element  21  that is shaped to mate with the sealing lip  11  of the coaxial barrel jack encapsulation  10 . Said hat section ring  20  may also include a protruding cylindrical plug  22  to aid the guiding of said hat section ring  20  onto coaxial barrel jack encapsulation  10 . Said hat section ring  20  also includes a lanyard  23  which is preferably molded integrally with said hat section ring  20  and terminating in an integral attachment ring  24 . Said attachment ring  24  is sized to fit freely over the protruding cable of the environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack  100  so as to be retained securely to the environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack  100 . 
       FIG. 3  shows the assembly of the environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack  100  and the protective cap  25 . This figure also illustrates the position of the coaxial barrel jack  30  within the encapsulation  10 . 
       FIG. 4  shows an embodiment of a external seal ring  40  made of a resilient weather resistant material such as such as synthetic rubber or thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) generally shaped in a hat configuration. Said external seal ring  40  provides the environmental protective function for all configurations of the environmentally protected coaxial barrel plugs that will be described herein. Said external seal ring  40  includes an intrusive radial seal groove  41  located at its lower edge, shaped to mate with the sealing lip  11  of encapsulation  10 . Said sealing cap  40  also includes a circular opening  42  at the top of the hat section to provide a securing feature to position the seal cap on the environmentally protected coaxial barrel plug to be described in later paragraphs. 
       FIG. 5A  shows an exploded view of an embodiment of an environmentally protected coaxial barrel plug  50  consisting of a coaxial barrel plug  52  with an coaxial barrel plug encapsulation  55  made of a resilient weather resistant material such as such as synthetic rubber or thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). Said coaxial barrel plug encapsulation  55  is shown as having a generally rounded cylindrical section but other shapes such as hexagonal, elliptical or a combination of shapes could be employed. Said coaxial barrel plug encapsulation  55  includes a radial capture groove  51  oriented circumferentially about the end most part of the body into which the external seal ring  40  is fit. The coaxial barrel plug  52  protrudes from said coaxial barrel plug encapsulation  55  in a coaxial alignment with the coaxial barrel plug encapsulation  55  and two conductor cable  57  so as to extend past the external seal ring  40 . 
       FIG. 5B  shows an assembled view of the environmentally protected coaxial barrel plug  50  with coaxial barrel plug  52 , coaxial barrel plug encapsulation  55 , two-conductor cable  57  and external seal ring  40  arranged as a vertical assembly. 
       FIG. 6A  shows an exploded view of an embodiment of a right angle environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack  60  consisting of a coaxial barrel plug  52  with an right angle coaxial barrel jack encapsulation  65  made of a resilient weather resistant material such as such as synthetic rubber or thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). Said encapsulation  65  is shown as having the generally shape of a truncated obround but other shapes such as hexagonal, elliptical or a combination of shapes could be employed. Said encapsulation  65  includes the radial capture groove  51  oriented circumferentially about the end most part of the body into which the external seal ring  40  is fit. The coaxial barrel plug  52  protrudes from said encapsulation  65  in a right angle alignment with the encapsulation  65  and two-conductor right angle cable  67  so as to extend past the external seal ring  40 . 
       FIG. 6B  shows an assembled view of the right angle environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack  60  with coaxial barrel plug  52 , encapsulation  65 , cable  67  and external seal ring  40  arranged as a right angle assembly. 
     All embodiments described herein show the external seal ring  40  as a separate part as this embodiment provides the greatest versatility and lowest manufacturing cost. However, the external seal ring  40  could be molded integrally with the coaxial barrel plug encapsulation. 
       FIG. 7A  shows an exploded view of an encapsulated coaxial barrel connector set consisting of the environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack  100  and the environmentally protected coaxial barrel plug  50 . 
       FIG. 7B  shows the assembled view of an environmentally protected coaxial barrel connector set consisting of the environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack  100  and the environmentally protected coaxial barrel plug  50 . The figure further shows a cut away of the mating area between the environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack and environmentally protected coaxial barrel plug that illustrates how the sealing lip  11  mates with the radial seal groove  41  to form an environmental seal. 
       FIG. 8A  shows and exploded view of one embodiment of the parts that make up a mounted environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack  10 , mounting bracket  80  and external seal ring  40 . As is shown in this embodiment, the assembly may be secured by two o-rings  140  with high performance double stick acrylic tape  141  securing the complete assembly to the vehicle. 
       FIG. 8B  shows the assembled view of the above embodiment. This view shows how the radial fixing grooves  84  of the saddle element  85  along with the radial grooves  12  of the environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack  100  securely capture the o-rings  140  preventing movement of the environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack  100  with respect to the mounting bracket  80 . 
       FIGS. 9A and 9B  shows an exploded and assembled view of an embodiment of a panel mount coaxial barrel jack  175 . Said panel mount coaxial barrel jack includes a standard commercially available coaxial barrel jack  172  to which is soldered the power cables  173  and a covering  174 . This covering  174  may be an encapsulation as described for the previous embodiments or common shrink tubing. The panel mount coaxial barrel jack  175  is secured to the vehicle with a panel nut  171  under which is captured the protective cap  25 . Lastly an environmental seal nut  170  is secured to the assembly to provide the seal lip  11  to which the environmentally protected coaxial barrel plugs  50  or right angle environmentally protected coaxial barrel plug  60  mates. 
       FIG. 10A and 10B  shows an exploded and assembled view of an embodiment of a field applied environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack  200 . Such an embodiment allows fabrication of wire harnesses in the field using common hand tools. Said field applied environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack  200  consists of a commonly available coaxial barrel jack core  202  with a threaded section  203  on the barrel and solder lugs  205  for wire connections. A threaded coaxial barrel jack encasement  201  has internal threads  204  that allows it to be installed easily onto said field applied environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack  200 . Said barrel jack encasement  201  includes a sealing lip  11  located as in coaxial barrel jack encapsulation  10  to provide the sealing function. A similar construction may be employed for the other plug and jack embodiments disclosed herein to allow field installation. 
       FIG. 20   b  illustrates the assembled field applied environmentally protected coaxial barrel jack  200 . 
     It is evident from the above description, a wide variety of connector configurations may be fashioned from the present invention. Different plug and jack sizes may be encapsulated in a variety of shapes using different materials to meet the needs of differing connection types and vehicle fitments. Accordingly, additional advantages and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. The invention in its broader aspects is, therefore, not limited to the specific details, representative apparatus and illustrative examples shown and described. Accordingly, departures from such details may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the applicant&#39;s general inventive concept.