Abstract:
The present invention relates to a column redundancy circuit for a semiconductor memory whose memory array is divided into a plurality of array units to be properly operated at a high frequency. The plurality of array units in the memory array include a plurality of normal memory cells and a plurality of redundancy memory cells. The normal data stored in the normal memory cells and the redundancy data stored in the redundancy memory cells are outputted to a switch unit. A column redundancy unit outputs a redundancy enable signal according to a column address, a row address and a fuse short state. According to the logical state of the redundancy enable signal, the switch unit selects the normal data or redundancy data from the memory array, and outputs it to a main amplifier.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a column redundancy circuit for a semiconductor memory. In particular, the invention relates to a column redundancy circuit for a semiconductor memory which facilitates the proper operation at high frequency of a high integration semiconductor circuit, whose memory array is divided into a plurality of array units, by selecting one of a normal data and a redundancy data which are outputted from the memory array. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     A column redundancy circuit using a column address signal as an input and connected to a memory array is known as a conventional column redundancy circuit. FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the conventional column redundancy circuit. 
     A clock buffer  1  buffers an external clock signal EX_CLK, and outputs the buffered clock to a pulse width control unit  5 . An address buffer  2  buffers an external address EX_ADD, and outputs the buffered address to both an address counter  3  and a column predecoder  6 . In a burst mode, the address counter  3  counts the buffered external address EX_ADD, and outputs an internal address IN_ADD to a column redundancy unit  4  and the column predecoder  6 . The column redundancy unit  4  determines whether to repair each memory array unit according to the external address EX_ADD and the input internal address IN_ADD, and outputs corresponding redundancy information RE_INF to a pulse width control unit  5 . 
     The pulse width control unit  5  serves to output to the column predecoder  6  the internal clock signal IN_CLK for determining a pulse width of a column selecting signal according to the buffered external clock signal EX_CLK, and to output to a column decoder  7  a redundancy clock signal CLK_RE_INF having the redundancy information RE_INF. 
     The column predecoder  6  enables a normal address path in a non-redundancy mode, i.e., where a repair operation is not performed. Conversely, the column predecoder  6  disables the normal address path in a redundancy mode (i.e., where the repair operation is carried out), predecodes a column address from the address buffer  2 , and outputs the predecoded column address Y_ADD to the column decoder  7 . A pulse width of the predecoded column address Y_ADD is determined by the external clock signal EX_CLK from the clock buffer  1 . 
     The column decoder  7  determines whether to repair according to the redundancy clock signal CLK_RE_INF, and outputs a normal column selecting signal NYS or a redundancy column selecting signal RYS to a memory array  8 . That is, the column decoder  7  outputs the normal column selecting signal NYS when in the non-redundancy mode, and outputs the redundancy column selecting signal RYS when in the redundancy mode. The normal column selecting signal NYS and the redundancy column selecting signal RYS are signals for selecting a sense amplifier (not shown) in the memory array  8 . 
     The memory array  8  consists of a plurality of normal memory cells and a plurality of redundancy memory cells. When the column decoder  7  outputs the normal column selecting signal NYS, the data stored in the normal memory cells of the memory array are read. When the column decoder  7  outputs the redundancy column selecting signal RYS, the data stored in the redundancy memory cells of the memory array  8  are read. The data read are inputted to a main amplifier  9  via an input/output line LIOT/B, amplified and sent to an output buffer (not shown). 
     FIGS. 2A and 2B are timing diagrams of the circuit in FIG.  1 . FIG. 2A is a timing diagram in the non-redundancy mode, and FIG. 2B is a timing diagram in the redundancy mode. As shown in both figures, when the external clock signal EX_CLK is inputted, if a column address strobe signal CAS is inputted, the external address EX_ADD and the internal address IN_ADD change state. When a first predetermined time t 1  lapses after the internal address IN_ADD transitions in a non-redundancy mode, the redundancy information signal RE_INF is at a high level, and the redundancy clock signal is also at a high level. That the redundancy information signal RE_INF is at a high level implies that the column redundancy circuit is operating in the non-redundancy mode. That the redundancy information signal RE_INF is at a low level means that the column redundancy circuit is operating in the redundancy mode. 
     When a second predetermined time t 2  lapses after the first predetermined time t 1 , the normal column selecting signal NYS is enabled in the non-redundancy mode, as shown in FIG. 2A, and the redundancy column selecting signal RYS is enabled in the redundancy mode, as depicted in FIG.  2 B. 
     The second predetermined time t 2  is for determining whether the column predecoder  6  and the column decoder  7  operate the column redundancy circuit in the non-redundancy mode or the redundancy mode. This second predetermined time t 2  is identical in the normal mode and the redundancy mode. 
     The second predetermined time t 2  is clearly longer than when the normal column selecting signal NYS is outputted without a determination of whether to repair. As the second predetermined time t 2  becomes longer, the overall processing speed of the column redundancy circuit is delayed. 
     In order to overcome such a disadvantage, another conventional redundancy circuit is provided. 
     FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating such a conventional redundancy circuit, As shown therein, the clock buffer  1 , the address buffer  2  and the address counter  3  are identical in constitution and operation to those in FIG. 1. A pulse width control unit  31  outputs to a column predecoder  32  an internal clock signal IN_CLK for determining a pulse width of a column selecting signal according to a buffered external clock signal EX_CLK. An externally-inputted column address Y_ADD is inputted to a column decoder  33  via the address buffer  2  and then outputted to the column predecoder  32 . The column decoder  33  outputs a column selecting signal YS to the memory array  34 . Here, the column address Y_ADD and the column selecting signal YS do not relate to a repair operation. The memory array  34  includes normal memory cells and redundancy memory cells. The memory array  34  is not divided into a plurality of array units, unlike the memory array  8  as illustrated in FIG.  1 . The data stored in the normal memory cells are inputted to a main amplifier  35  through a normal input/output line NLIOT/B, and the data stored in the redundancy memory cells are inputted to the main amplifier  35  via a redundancy input/output line RLIOT/B. 
     The column redundancy unit  36  determines whether to use data from the normal input/output line NLIOT/B or the redundancy input/output line RLIOT/B, and outputs redundancy information RE_INF to the main amplifier  35 . According to the redundancy information RE_INF, the main amplifier  35  amplifies and outputs one of the data inputted to the normal input/output line NLIOT/B and the redundancy input/output line RLIOT/B. 
     As described above, in the circuit as shown in FIG. 3, when the column selecting signal YS (identical to the normal column selecting signal NYS as shown in FIG. 1) is outputted to the memory array  34 , whether to repair is not determined prior to output, unlike the circuit in FIG.  1 . Accordingly, extra time to determine whether to repair is not necessary. Thus, the circuit in FIG. 3 is faster in operation than the circuit in FIG.  1 . 
     However, in FIG. 3 the memory array is not divided into array units, and thus redundancy efficiency is reduced. In addition, if the memory array is divided into a plurality of array units, and hence the number of the array units is increased, a load of the redundancy input/output line RLIOT/B is also increased. Accordingly, in order to employ the circuit of FIG. 3, the number of the array units must be limited. Thus, this circuit is not suitable for a high integration circuit where the memory array is divided into many array units. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a column redundancy circuit for a semiconductor memory which can improve an operational speed of a high integration semiconductor circuit where a memory array is divided into a number of array units. 
     In order to achieve the above-described object of the present invention, among others, there is provided a column redundancy circuit for a semiconductor memory, including a memory array including a plurality of array units respectively having a plurality of normal memory cells and a plurality of redundancy memory cells, each array unit outputting a normal data stored in the normal memory cell, and outputting a redundancy data stored in the redundancy memory cell; a column redundancy unit for outputting a redundancy enable signal according to a column address, a row address and a fuse short state; and a switch unit for selecting one of the normal data and the redundancy data from the memory array according to a logical state of the redundancy enable signal, and for outputting the selected data to a main amplifier. 
     In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a column redundancy circuit for a memory array having a plurality of array units, each array unit outputting a normal data from normal memory cells and a redundancy data from redundancy memory cells, includes a column decoder to output a normal column selecting signal and a redundancy column selecting signal to the memory array based on a column address; a column redundancy unit to output a redundancy enable signal based on the column address; a switch unit to select one of the normal data and the redundancy data output from the memory array based on the redundancy enable signal; and a main amplifier unit to amplify the selected data received from the switch unit. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The present invention will become better understood with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are given only by way of illustration and thus are not limitative of the present invention, wherein like reference numerals designate like elements, and wherein: 
     FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a conventional column redundancy circuit which uses a column address of a semiconductor memory; 
     FIG. 2A is a timing diagram of the circuit of FIG. 1 in a non-redundancy mode; and 
     FIG. 2B is a timing diagram of the circuit of FIG. 1 in a redundancy mode; 
     FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating another conventional redundancy circuit of a semiconductor memory; 
     FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a column redundancy circuit which uses a column address of a semiconductor memory in accordance with a preferable embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 5 is a detailed structure view illustrating a memory array, a switch unit, and a main amplifier in FIG. 4; 
     FIG. 6 is a detailed circuit view illustrating a column redundancy unit in FIG. 4; 
     FIG. 7A is a timing diagram of the circuit in FIG. 4 in a non-redundancy mode; and 
     FIG. 7B is a timing diagram of the circuit in FIG. 4 in a redundancy mode. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     A column redundancy circuit for a semiconductor memory in accordance with the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
     FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating the column redundancy circuit using a column address of the semiconductor memory in accordance with a preferable embodiment of the present invention. The clock buffer  1 , the address buffer  2  and the address counter  3  as shown in FIG. 4 are identical in constitution and operation to those as shown in FIG. 1, and thus further description thereof is omitted. 
     A pulse width control unit  41  outputs an internal clock signal IN_CLK for controlling a pulse width of a column selecting signal to a column predecoder  42  and a column decoder  43  according to an external clock signal EX_CLK buffered in the clock buffer  1 . A column decoder  43  receives a predecoded column address and the internal clock signal IN_CLK, and outputs a normal column selecting signal NYS and a redundancy column selecting signal RYS to a memory array  44 , regardless of whether operating in a redundancy or a non-redundancy mode. 
     The memory array  44  includes a plurality of normal memory cells and a plurality of redundancy memory cells. In more detail, referring to FIG. 5, the memory array  44  consists of a plurality of array units  441 - 446 . Each array unit includes the plurality of normal memory cells and the plurality of redundancy memory cells. In addition, each array unit is connected to normal input/output lines LIO_N and local redundancy input/output lines LIO_R. The plurality of normal input/output lines LIO_N are connected to global normal input/output lines MIO_N, and the plurality of local redundancy input/output line LIO_R are connected to global redundancy input/output lines MIO_R. 
     The normal data stored in the normal memory cells addressed by the normal column selecting signal NYS from the column decoder  43  are outputted to a switch unit  46  through a global normal input/output line MIO_N. The redundancy data stored in the redundancy memory cells addressed by the redundancy column selecting signal RYS from the column decoder  43  are outputted to the switch unit  46  through a global redundancy input/output line MIO_R. 
     A column redundancy unit  45  receives the external address and the internal address, determines the redundancy mode, and outputs a redundancy enable signal EN_RE to the switch unit  46 . In more detail, referring to FIG. 6, the column redundancy unit  45  includes a plurality of enable units  450 - 457 , each outputting a column address true signal Y_ADDT or a column address bar signal Y_ADDB according to row addresses X_ADD 0 , X_ADD 1  (i.e., bits) and fuse states F 0 , F 1 . The setting of such fuse states is known in the art, and will not be further explained here. The column redundancy unit  45  also includes a combination unit  460  combining signals outputted from the plurality of enable units  450 - 457 , and outputting the redundancy enable signal EN_RE to the switch unit  46 . 
     The number of the plurality of enable units  450 - 457  is identical to that of the column address bits. A first enable unit  450  includes: a two-input NAND gate N 61  receiving a read/write enable signal R/W at one input terminal; a plurality of fuses F 0 , F 1 ; a plurality of switching transistors N 1 , N 2  having their gate connected to receive row addresses X_ADD 0 , X_ADD 1 , and being connected to the other input terminal of the NAND gate N 61  through the fuses F 0 , F 1 ; and two transmission gates T 1 , T 2 . FIG. 6 only illustrates two fuses F 0 , F 1  and two switching transistors N 1 , N 2  for convenience. However, the number of transmission gates, fuses and switching transistors is identical to the number of the row address bits. 
     The two transmission gates T 1 , T 2  are turned on/off according to a level of an output signal from the NAND gate N 61  and a level of an input terminal thereof. A first column address true signal Y_ADD 0 T is passed through the first transmission gate T 1 , and a first column address bar signal Y_ADD 0 B is passed through the second transmission gate T 2 . The first transmission gate T 1  and the second transmission gate T 2  have a complementary relationship. That is, when the column address true signal Y_ADD 0 T is passed, the column address bar signal Y_ADD 0 B is interrupted. Similarly, when the column address bar signal Y_ADD 0 B is passed, the column address true signal Y_ADD 0 T is interrupted. The other enable units  451 - 457  are identical in constitution to the first enable unit  450 . However, each enable unit  451 - 457  outputs different address signals. For instance, the second enable unit  451  selectively outputs a second column address true signal Y_ADD 1 T or a second column address bar signal Y_ADD 1 B. 
     When the column address true signals Y_ADD 0 T-Y_ADD 7 T or the column address bar signals Y_ADD 0 B-Y_ADD 7 B outputted from the plurality of enable units  450 - 457  are all at a high level, the combination unit  460  outputs the redundancy enable signal EN_RE having a high level to the switch unit  46 . For this embodiment, the combination unit  460  includes: NAND gates N 62 , N 63 , N 64  NANDing a predetermined number of output signals among the output signals from the enable units  450 - 457 , respectively; a NOR gate NOR 6  NORing output signals from the NAND gates N 62 , N 63 , N 64 ; and two inverters  161 ,  162  buffering a level of the output signal from the NOR gate NOR 6 , and outputting the redundancy enable signal EN_RE. 
     The operation of the first enable unit  450  will now be explained. It is presumed that the read/write enable signal R/W is enabled (i.e., one input terminal of the first NAND gate N 61  is at a high level). 
     The plurality of row addresses X_ADD 0 , X_ADD 1  which are inputted from the address buffer  2  are sequentially coded. After a first row address X_ADD 0  is coded, a second row address X_ADD 1  is coded. In case the first row address X_ADD 0  is coded, the first switching transistor N 1  is turned on. In this state, if the first fuse F 0  is disconnected, the terminal at the other side of the first NAND gate N 61  is at a high level. Conversely, if the first fuse F 0  is connected, the terminal at the other side of the first NAND gate N 61  is at a low level. 
     When the first fuse F 0  is disconnected, the NAND gate N 61  outputs a low-level signal. As a result, the first transmission gate T 1  is turned on, and the column address true signal Y_ADD 0 T is passed therethrough. Conversely, when the first fuse F 0  is not disconnected, namely when the terminal at the other side of the NAND gate is at a low level, the first transmission gate T 1  is turned off. Also, the second transmission gate T 2  is turned on, and the column address bar signal Y_ADD 0 B is passed therethrough. 
     As described above, the first enable unit  450  outputs the first column address true signal Y_ADD 0 T or the first column address bar signal Y_ADD 0 B according to whether the fuse corresponding to the X_ADD signal in question is connected or disconnected. 
     In addition, the second enable unit  451  outputs the second column address true signal Y_ADD 1 T or the second column address bar signal Y_ADD 1 B according to whether a corresponding fuse (not shown) is connected or disconnected. 
     The eight enable units  450 - 457  respectively output the first to eighth column address true signals Y_ADD 0 T or the first to eighth column address bar signals Y_ADD 0 B according to the first address signal X_ADD 0  to be coded. 
     The signals outputted from the first to third enable units  450 - 452  are NANDed in the second NAND gate N 62 . The signals outputted from the fourth to sixth enable units  453 - 455  are NANDed in the third NAND gate N 63 , and the signals outputted from the seventh and eighth enable units  456 ,  457  are NANDed in the fourth NAND gate N 64 . According to the present invention, the address signals respectively outputted from the eight enable units  450 - 457  are NANDED in the three NAND gates N 62 -N 64 . However, the number of the NAND gates may be changed, if necessary. 
     The switch, unit  46  is enabled by the read/write enable signal R/W, and outputs the redundancy data passing through the global redundancy input/output line MIO_R of the memory array  44  to the main amplifier  47  through an input/output line CIO, or outputs the normal data passing through the global normal input/output line MIO_N of the memory array  44  to the main amplifier  47  through the output line CIO according to the redundancy enable signal EN_RE. 
     As illustrated in FIG. 5, the switch unit  46  includes a buffer unit  470  having a NAND gate N 7 , a NOR gate NOR 5  and four inverters I 51 -I 54 , and outputting a redundancy switching signal ENR and a normal switching signal ENN. The switch unit  46  also includes a plurality of redundancy switches SWR 1 -SWR 4  switched by the redundancy switching signal ENR, and connecting the global redundancy input/output line MIO_R to the main amplifier  47 . A plurality of normal switches SWN 1 -SWN 4  are switched by the normal switching signal ENN, and connect the global normal input/output line MIO_N to the main amplifier  47 . The output lines CIO are positioned between the plurality of redundancy switches SWR 1 -SWR 4  and the plurality of normal switches SWN 1 -SWN 4 , and connect to the main amplifier  47 . Here, a logical level of the redundancy switching signal ENR is opposite to that of the normal switching signal ENN. The plurality of redundancy switches SWR 1 -SWR 4  and the plurality of normal switches SWN 1 -SWN 4  are electrically connected when an inputted signal is at a high level. 
     The read/write enable signal R/W and the redundancy enable signal EN_RE from the column redundancy unit  45  are NANDed in the NAND gate N 5  of the buffer unit  470 . The NANDed signal is buffered in the first and second inverters I 51 , I 52 , and outputted as the redundancy switching signal ENR. In addition, the read/write enable signal R/W is inverted in the third inverter  153 , and NORed with the redundancy enable signal EN_RE in the NOR gate NOR 5 . The output signal from the NOR gate NOR 5  is inverted in the fourth inverter I 54 , and outputted as the normal switching signal ENN. 
     When the redundancy enable signal EN_RE is at a low level, the redundancy switching signal ENR becomes a high level, thereby electrically connecting the plurality of redundancy switches SWR 1 -SWR 4 . Accordingly, the redundancy data passing through the global redundancy input/output line MIO_R of the memory array  44  is transmitted to the main amplifier  47  through the output line CIO. The normal switching signal ENN becomes a low level, thereby interrupting the plurality of normal switches SWN 1 -SWN 4 . Thus, the normal data is not transmitted to the main amplifier  47 . Conversely, when the redundancy enable signal EN_RE is at a high level, the plurality of normal switches SWN 1 -SWN 4  are electrically connected. Thus the normal data is transmitted to the main amplifier  47  through the output line CIO. 
     FIGS. 7A and 7B are timing diagrams of the circuit in FIG.  4 . FIG. 7A is a timing diagram in a non-redundancy mode, and FIG. 7B is a timing diagram in a redundancy mode. Referring to FIGS. 7A and 7B, the points where the external address EX_ADD and the internal address IN_ADD transition are identical as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B. However, referring to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the redundancy clock signal IN_CLK becomes a high level when a first predetermined time t 1  lapses after the internal address IN_ADD transitions. According to the preferable embodiment of the present invention, as depicted in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the redundancy clock signal IN_CLK becomes a high level as soon as the internal address IN_ADD changes state. In the conventional art, the normal column selecting signal NYS and the redundancy column selecting signal RYS are outputted when the first predetermined time t 1  and the second predetermined time t 2  sequentially lapse after the internal address IN_ADD changes state. However, in accordance with the preferable embodiment of the present invention, the normal column selecting signal NYS and the redundancy column selecting signal RYS are outputted when the second predetermined time t 2  lapses after the internal address IN_ADD transitions. Accordingly, the present invention reduces redundancy enable signal delay by the time from an internal address transition time to an output time of the redundancy clock signal (i.e., the first predetermined time t 1 ). 
     As discussed earlier, the column redundancy circuit in accordance with the present invention improves speed by switching the data outputted from the memory array according to the redundancy information. In addition, in the normal mode, the normal data outputted from the memory array is amplified in the main amplifier, and in the redundancy mode, the redundancy data outputted from the memory array is amplified in the main amplifier. As a result, the present invention can be applied even when a load of the input/output line is high. Furthermore, the present invention can be also applied to a high integration semiconductor memory circuit. 
     As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiment is not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, unless otherwise specified, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalents of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.