Abstract:
The disclosure is directed to a method of manufacturing a booklet from a rectangular sheet of paper having information regarding a drug product printed thereon. The method comprises applying a first portion of glue to a first face of the sheet of paper along a single linear path, applying a second portion of glue to a second face of the sheet of paper along a single linear path, making a plurality of parallel folds in the sheet of paper in a direction transverse to the single linear paths along which the glue was applied to produce an intermediate item, and trimming the intermediate item in a direction parallel to the plurality of parallel folds to cause the first and second of the plurality of parallel folds to be removed from the intermediate item.

Description:
This is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 10/138,315 filed in the Patent Office on May 6, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,018,499 which is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 09/983,603 filed in the Patent Office on Oct. 25, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,406,581, which is a division of U.S. Ser. No. 09/249,168 filed in the Patent Office on Feb. 12, 1999, now abandoned, which claims priority from U.S. Ser. No. 60/076,706 filed in the Patent Office on Mar. 4, 1998. All of the patent applications referred to in this paragraph are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. 

   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention relates generally to printed material and to methods of manufacturing printed material. The present invention relates more specifically to printed material having printed information concerning drugs or other commercial products. 
   The present invention provides a new form of printed material, referred to herein as a booksert, having substantial benefits over existing printed materials, and especially useful in conjunction with drug products and other commercial products. 
   Printed materials for providing printed information related to commercial products, such as warnings, instructions, etc., are known. Known printed materials include booklets (e.g., with stapled bindings), package outserts and package inserts. 
   Known booklets also have a number of drawbacks. Typically, they are complicated to manufacture. They can also be difficult to print upon or may have less room for copying. In addition, booklets having stapled bindings can be problematic in that staples can scratch users, items, and the like. 
   While a variety of booklets, inserts and outserts are known, existing printed materials have a number of limitations and drawbacks. There remains a continued need in the art for new and improved printed materials and, in particular, for new and improved printed materials for use with drug products and other commercial products, as well as for new and improved methods of manufacturing such printed materials. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention is directed to a method of manufacturing only a single booklet from a single rectangular sheet of paper, the single rectangular sheet of paper having information regarding a drug product printed thereon. The method comprises applying glue to the single rectangular sheet of paper having the information regarding the drug product printed thereon, the rectangular sheet of paper having a first pair of sides that are parallel to each other and a second pair of sides that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the first pair of sides of the rectangular sheet of paper, the single rectangular sheet of paper having a first face and a second face. 
   Applying the glue comprises applying a first portion of glue to the first face of the single rectangular sheet of paper, the first portion of glue being applied along only a single linear path on the first face of the single rectangular sheet of paper; and applying a second portion of glue to the second face of the single rectangular sheet of paper, the second portion of glue being applied along only a single linear path on the second face of the single rectangular sheet of paper, the single linear path on the first face of the single rectangular sheet of paper coinciding with the single linear path on the second face of the single rectangular sheet of paper. 
   The method includes making a plurality of parallel folds in the rectangular sheet of paper to produce an intermediate item after glue is applied to the rectangular sheet of paper, the plurality of parallel folds being made so that only the single booklet is formed from the single rectangular sheet of paper, the plurality of parallel folds being made in a direction parallel to one of the pairs of sides of the rectangular sheet of paper and the parallel folds being made in a direction transverse to the single linear paths along which the glue was applied to the rectangular sheet of paper so that the intermediate item has a first folded side coinciding with a first of the plurality of folds and a second folded side coinciding with a second of the plurality of folds. After the plurality of parallel folds are made, trimming the intermediate item in a direction parallel to the plurality of parallel folds to cause the first and second of the plurality of parallel folds to be removed from the intermediate item. 
   The method may include making a first transverse fold in the intermediate item after the plurality of parallel folds are made, the first transverse fold being made in a direction that is parallel to the single linear paths along which the glue was applied to the rectangular sheet of paper, and the first transverse fold being made along a line that generally coincides with the single linear paths along which the glue was applied to the rectangular sheet of paper; making a second transverse fold in the intermediate item in a direction parallel to the single linear paths along which the glue was applied to the rectangular sheet of paper; and making a third transverse fold in the intermediate item in a direction parallel to the single linear paths along which the glue was applied to the rectangular sheet of paper. 
   The features and advantages of the invention will become clear from the following description of the preferred embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The present invention is illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate like parts, and in which: 
       FIG. 1  is a top plan view of a sheet used to make a booksert according to a first preferred aspect of the invention; 
       FIG. 2  is a top plan view of the sheet shown in  FIG. 1  after folding the sheet at a first fold-line, 
       FIG. 3  is a top plan view of the sheet shown in  FIG. 2  after folding the sheet at a second fold-line; 
       FIG. 4  is a top plan view of the sheet shown in  FIG. 3  after trimming the edges of the sheet and folding the sheet about an axis through the glue strip forming the binding of the booksert; 
       FIG. 5  is an elevational side view of the booksert shown in  FIG. 4  with the glue strip at the left side of the FIGURE; 
       FIG. 6  is a top plan view of a booksert illustrating a second preferred aspect of the invention wherein the booksert is further folded into a compact final configuration; 
       FIG. 7  is a top plan view of the booksert shown in  FIG. 6  after folding the booksert over a fourth fold-line; 
       FIG. 8  is a top plan view of the booksert shown in  FIG. 7  after further folding the booksert over a fifth fold-line; 
       FIG. 9(A)  is a top plan view of an exemplary embodiment of the removable insert; 
       FIG. 9(B)  is an elevational side view of the insert shown in  FIG. 9(A) ; 
       FIG. 10(A)  is an elevational side view of a sheet used to create a booksert according to a first construction; 
       FIGS. 10(B) and 10(C)  are schematic diagrams showing steps for folding the sheet shown in  FIG. 10(A) ; 
       FIG. 11(A)  is an elevational side view of a sheet used to create a booksert according to another construction of the invention; 
       FIGS. 11(B) and 11(C)  are schematic diagrams showing steps for folding the sheet shown in  FIG. 11(A) ; 
       FIG. 12(A)  is an elevational side view of a sheet used to create a booksert according to another construction of the invention; and 
       FIGS. 12(B) and 12(C)  are schematic diagrams showing steps for folding the sheet shown in  FIG. 12(A) ; 
       FIG. 13  is a perspective view of a twelve page booksert according to another embodiment of the invention; 
       FIG. 14  is a perspective diagram showing a first stage of manufacturing the booksert shown in  FIG. 13 ; 
       FIG. 15  is a perspective diagram showing a second stage of manufacturing the booksert shown in  FIG. 13 ; 
       FIG. 16  is a perspective diagram showing a third stage of manufacturing the booksert shown in  FIG. 13 ; 
       FIG. 17  is a perspective diagram showing a fourth stage of manufacturing the booksert shown in  FIG. 13 ; 
       FIG. 18  is a perspective view of a sixteen page booksert according to another embodiment of the invention; 
       FIG. 19  is a perspective diagram showing a first stage of manufacturing the booksert shown in  FIG. 18 ; 
       FIG. 20  is a perspective diagram showing a second stage of manufacturing the booksert shown in  FIG. 18 ; 
       FIG. 21  is a perspective diagram showing a third stage of manufacturing the booksert shown in  FIG. 18 ; 
       FIG. 22  is a perspective diagram showing a fourth stage of manufacturing the booksert shown in  FIG. 18 ; 
       FIG. 23  is a perspective view of a twenty-four page booksert according to another embodiment of the invention; 
       FIG. 24  is a perspective diagram showing a first stage of manufacturing the booksert shown in  FIG. 23 ; 
       FIG. 25  is a perspective diagram showing a second stage of manufacturing the booksert shown in  FIG. 23 ; 
       FIG. 26  is a perspective diagram showing a third stage of manufacturing the booksert shown in  FIG. 23 ; 
       FIG. 27  is a perspective diagram showing a fourth stage of manufacturing the booksert shown in  FIG. 23 ; and 
       FIG. 28  is a perspective diagram showing a fifth stage of manufacturing the booksert shown in  FIG. 23 . 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
   The present invention provides a unique form of printed material, referred to herein as a booklet or booksert, and method of manufacturing the same. The preferred bookserts described herein can be readily made with a single sheet of material without the use of staples or other complex structure. While various preferred embodiments are described below, other alternative embodiments can be made using principles of the present invention. 
     FIGS. 1–5  show a preferred method of manufacturing a booksert according to a first aspect of the present invention, wherein a single rectangular sheet  10  with three approximately equal-size regions A, B and C is used to construct a multi-page booksert  20 ,  FIG. 5 , having a removable insert  30 . 
   First, a glue strip  11  is applied along a center of the region C. In  FIG. 1 , the glue strip  11  extends along about one third of the length of the upper surface of the sheet  10 . The length and width of the glue strip can be varied as desired depending on circumstances. In one exemplary embodiment, the glue strip  11  can be about 3 mm wide and about 90 mm long. 
   Second, the sheet  10  is folded at a fold-line  12  between the regions A and B. In  FIG. 1 , the fold-line  12  is located at a position about two thirds of the distance between the left and right ends of the sheet  10 . As discussed below, the sheet  10  can be folded forwards. (e.g., arrow  1   a ) or rearwards (e.g., arrow  1   b ). After this step, the product is configured as shown in  FIG. 2  with regions A and B overlapping one another. 
   Third, the sheet  10  is folded at a fold-line  13  between the regions A/B and C. In  FIG. 2 , the fold-line  13  is located at a position about one half of the distance between the left and right ends of the sheet  10 . At this stage, the product is configured as shown in  FIG. 3  with all of the regions A, B and C overlapping one another. As also shown in  FIG. 3 , the glue strip  11  (shown with broken lines) along the region C thus adheres to the overlapping region there-above. 
   Fourth, the side edges  14  and  15  (shown in broken cross-hatching) are trimmed off to form the booksert. This trimming action separates the regions A, B and C by removing the connections along the fold-lines  12  and  13  to form separate sheets. This trimming action also ensures that the pages of the booksert are aligned along their edges. The amount of material removed in this trimming step can be varied as desired. In one exemplary embodiment, the width of the side edges  14  and  15  removed can be about ⅛ inch. 
   Fifth, the booksert is folded over the axis through the glue strip  11  to form the booksert  20  as shown in plan view in  FIG. 4  with the glue strip  11  proximate the top side.  FIG. 5  shows the booksert  20  in an upright position, with the glue strip  11  proximate the left side. The regions B and C which are glued together via the glue strip  11  create an integral booksert  20 , while the non-glued interior region A Create a removable insert  30 . The booksert  20  has eight pages, comprising the front and back surfaces of the portions C 1  and C 2  and B 1  and B 2 , while the insert  30  has 4 pages, comprising the front and back surfaces of the portions A 1  and A 2 . 
   As a result, a booksert  20  having a removable insert  30  is formed from a single sheet  10 . The size and shape of the booksert can be selected as desired—e.g., by selecting an appropriately sized sheet  10 . 
     FIGS. 6–8  show additional preferred steps of manufacturing the booksert according to a second preferred aspect of the invention.  FIG. 6  shows a side view like that shown in  FIG. 4 , except that booksert is oriented with the glue strip  11  proximate the left side. In addition, the structure shown in  FIG. 6  is like that shown in  FIG. 4 , except that the booksert shown in  FIG. 6  has different dimensions. The booksert in  FIG. 6  is configured such that the width W along the side containing the glue strip  11  is smaller than the length L. In one preferred embodiment, the width W is about 3–4 inches (preferably about 3½ inches) and the length L is about 5–6 inches (preferably about 5½ inches). 
   According to the second preferred aspect shown in  FIGS. 6–8 , the booksert  20  can be delineated by three approximately equal-size regions AA, BB and CC which are to be further folded with respect to each other to provide a compact and convenient final product. 
   First, the booksert  20  is folded at a fold-line  22  between the regions AA and BB. As shown in  FIG. 6 , the fold-line  22  is located at a position about two thirds of the distance between the left and right ends of the booksert  20 . After this step, the product is configured as shown in  FIG. 7  with the regions AA and BB overlapping one another. 
   Second, glue spots  24  and  25  are provided on the surface of the region AA. Preferably, the glue spots  24  and  25  are made with a pressure sensitive a glue. 
   Third, the booksert  20  is folded at a fold-line  23  between the regions AA/BB and CC. As shown in  FIG. 7 , the fold-line  23  is located at a position about one half of the distance between the left and right ends of the booksert  20 . At this stage, the product is configured as shown in  FIG. 8  with all of the regions AA, BB and CC overlapping one another and held together via the glue spots  24  and  25 . 
   The final product shown in  FIG. 8  can be easily handled and stored. In order to use the product, the product can be opened by manually pulling the region CC to overcome the adherence at the glue spots  24  and  25  to separate regions AA and CC. Then, the booksert can be unfolded to a configuration like that shown in  FIG. 6 . In one preferred embodiment, the front of the final product (on the region CC) can have printed information identifying the contents of the folded booksert and the back of the final product (behind the region BB) can have a bar code or other identification. 
   The preferred embodiments of the present invention have a variety of advantages and uses. For example, because the product created as a booksert with multiple pages, it is simple to handle and to use. The booksert  20  can provide convenient and easy to access printed information for a user. It can be highly beneficial for use with commercial products, such as drug products or the like, wherein printed information is necessary or desired. In addition, the removable insert  30  can also provide a variety of benefits and advantages. For example, the removable insert enables certain information to be easily separated from the remainder of the booksert. In exemplary embodiments, the removable insert may comprise a coupon or a rebate form. 
   In an exemplary embodiment shown in  FIGS. 9(A)–9(B) , the insert  30  can be used as a separate business reply mail portion. In this embodiment, the insert  30  can be used to receive, for example, customer information, product information, warranty information, or customer opinions or survey information. Preferably, the interior between the sides A 1  and A 2  of the folded region A contains areas  31  configured for customers to write information with a pen or pencil. By providing these areas  31  in this interior location, written information can be concealed upon folding the sides A 1  and A 2  against one another. In this regard, the upper and lower edges preferably have activatable glue strips  32  and  33  which can be used to seal the sides A 1  and A 2  together. The activatable glue strips can include a glue that becomes adhesive when desired, such as upon being moistened (e.g., such as used on common envelops). 
   As shown in  FIG. 9(A) , the front surface of the insert  30  can include stamp placement indicia  34  designating an area for receiving a postage stamp, return address indicia  35 , and additional indicia  36  for bar code or other information. 
   As discussed above, the arrows  1   a  and  1   b  in  FIG. 1  illustrate that during construction the region A can be folded over the region B in either a rearward direction  1   b  or a forward direction  1   a.    FIGS. 10(A)–10(C)  illustrate folding in the rearward direction  1   b.    FIGS. 11(A)–11(C)  illustrate folding in the forward direction  1   a . As shown in  FIG. 10(B) , the sheet can first be folded in the direction  1   b  and then folded in the direction  2  to a folded position shown in  FIG. 10  (C). If the device is used to create an insert  30  like that shown in  FIG. 9(A) , the activatable glue strips  32  and  33  can be initially applied as shown in  FIGS. 10(A) and 10(B) . Similarly, as shown in FIG.,  11 (B), the sheet can first be folded in the direction  1   a  and then folded in the direction  2  to a folded position shown in  FIG. 11(C) . If the device is used to create an insert  30  like that shown in  FIG. 9(A) , the activatable glue strips  32  and  33  can be initially applied as shown in  FIGS. 11(A) and 11(B)  with the glue strips  32  and  33  on an opposite side of the sheet  10  from the glue strip  11 . 
     FIGS. 12(A)–12(C)  show another embodiment wherein a glue strip  11  is applied along the central region B. In this embodiment, the region A is then folded in the direction  1   b  and the region C is then folded in the direction  2  shown in  FIG. 12(B)  to a position as shown in  FIG. 12(C) . Thereafter, the booksert can be completed in a manner similar to that described above with reference to, for example,  FIGS. 3–5 . If the device is used to create an insert  30  like that shown in  FIG. 9(A) , the activatable glue strips  32  and  33  can be initially applied as shown in the FIGS. 
   According to yet other embodiments, the booksert of the invention may be constructed without a removable insert.  FIGS. 13–28  illustrate other exemplary embodiments of the invention demonstrating other bookserts and methods of manufacturing the same. 
     FIGS. 13–17  show a method of manufacturing a twelve page booksert  200  from a folded, glued and trimmed single sheet of material. The method includes the following steps. 
   First, a glue strip  111  is applied along a center of a region B. In  FIG. 13 , the glue strip  111  extends along about one third of the length of the upper surface of the sheet  100 . 
   Second, the sheet  100  is folded at a fold-line # 1  between the regions C and B. In  FIG. 13 , the fold-line # 1  is located at a position about one third of the distance between the left and right ends of the sheet  100 . After this step, the product is configured as shown in  FIG. 15  with regions C and B overlapping one another. 
   Third, a glue strip  112  is applied along the center of the region A (this can also be applied at the same time as the application of the glue strip  111 ). The sheet  100  is then folded at a fold-line # 2  between the regions A and B/C. In  FIG. 15 , the fold-line # 2  is located at a position about one half of the distance between the left and right ends of the sheet  100 . After this stage, the product is configured as shown in  FIG. 16  with all of the regions A, B and C overlapping one another. As a result, all of the sheets are connected together at the central glue regions  111  and  112 . 
   Fourth, then the booksert is folded around the fold-line # 3  so that it assumes the configuration shown in  FIG. 17 . At that time, the side edges  140  and  150  (shown with dashed lines) are trimmed off to form the booksert  200 . This trimming action separates the regions A, B and C by removing the connections along the fold-lines to form separate sheets. This trimming action also ensures that the pages of the booksert are aligned along their edges. 
   In this manner, an integral booksert having 12 pages is easily formed from a single sheet of material. The final size and shape of the booksert can be selected as desired. However, the present invention advantageously enables the easy fabrication of small bookserts that can be used along with products and the like. For example, the product shown in  FIG. 17  can be formed, in one exemplary construction, to have a length L- 3  of about 3½ to 4 inches and a width W- 2  of about 2½ to 3 inches. 
     FIGS. 18–22  show a method of manufacturing a sixteen page booksert  200 ′ from a single sheet of material. The method includes the following steps. 
   First, a glue strip  111 ′ is applied along a center of the region A. In  FIG. 19 , the glue strip  111 ′ extends along about one half of the length of the upper surface of the sheet  100 ′. 
   Second, the sheet  100 ′ is folded at a fold-line # 1 ′ between the regions A and B. In  FIG. 19 , the fold-line # 1 ′ is located at a position about one half of the distance between the left and right ends of the sheet  100 ′. After this step, the product is configured as shown in  FIG. 20  with regions A and B overlapping one another. 
   Third, a glue strip  112 ′ is applied along the center of the region A- 1  (this could also be applied at the same time as the application of the glue strip  111 ′). The sheet  100 ′ is then folded at a fold-line # 2 ′ between the regions A- 1  and B- 1 . In  FIG. 20 , the fold-line # 2 ′ is located at a position about one half of the distance between the left and right ends of the sheet  100 ′. After this stage, the product is configured as shown in  FIG. 21  with all of the regions A- 1  and B- 1  overlapping one another. As a result, all of the sheets are connected together at the central glue regions  111 ′ and  112 ′. 
   Fourth, then the booksert is folded around the fold-line # 3 ′ so that it assumes the configuration shown in  FIG. 22 . At that time, the side edges  140 ′ and  150 ′ (shown with dashed lines) are trimmed off to form the booksert  200 ′. This trimming action separates the regions A, B, A- 1 , B- 1  by removing the connections along the fold-lines to form separate sheets. This trimming action also ensures that the pages of the booksert are aligned along their edges. 
   In this manner, an integral booksert having 16 pages is easily formed from a single sheet of material. The final size and shape of the booksert can be selected as desired. However, the present invention advantageously enables the easy fabrication of small bookserts that can be used along with products and the like. For example, the product shown in  FIG. 22  can be formed, to have a length L- 3  and a width W- 2  sized like that of a 12 page booksert as discussed above. 
     FIGS. 23–28  show a method of manufacturing a twenty-four page booksert  200 ″ from a single sheet of material. The method includes the following steps. 
   First, a glue strip  111 ″ is applied along a center of the region A. In  FIG. 19 , the glue strip  111 ″ extends along about one half of the length of the upper surface of the sheet  100 ″. 
   Second, the sheet  100 ″ is folded at a fold-line # 1 ″ between the regions A and B. In  FIG. 24 , the fold-line # 1 ″ is located at a position about one half of the distance between the left and right ends of the sheet  100 ″. After this step, the product is configured as shown in  FIG. 25  with regions A and B overlapping one another. 
   Third, a glue strip  112 ″ is applied along the center of the region B- 1  (this can also be applied at the same time as the application of the glue strip  111 ″). The sheet  100 ″ is then folded at a fold-line # 2 ″ between the regions C- 1  and B- 1 . As shown in  FIG. 25 , the fold-line # 2 ″ is located at a position about one third of the distance between the left and right ends of the sheet  100 ″. After this stage, the product is configured as shown in  FIG. 26  with all of the regions C- 1  and B- 1  overlapping one another. 
   Fourth, a glue strip  113 ″ is applied along the center of the region A- 1  (this can also be applied at the same time as the application of the glue strip  111 ″ and/or the glue strip  112 ″). The sheet  100 ″ is then folded at a fold-line # 3 ″ between the regions A- 1  and C- 1 /B- 1 . In  FIG. 26 , the fold-line # 3 ″ is located at a position about one half of the distance between the left and right ends of the sheet  100 ″. After this stage, the product is configured as shown in  FIG. 27  with all of the regions A, B, A- 1 , B- 1 , C- 1  overlapping one another. As a result, all of the sheets are connected together at the central glue regions  111 ″,  112 ″ and  113 ″. 
   Fifth, then the booksert is folded around the fold-line # 4 ″ so that it assumes the configuration shown in  FIG. 28 . At that time, the side edges  140 ″ and  150 ″ (shown with dashed lines) are trimmed off to form the booksert  200 ″. This trimming action separates the regions A, B, A- 1 , B- 1 , C- 1  by removing the connections along the fold-lines to form separate sheets. This trimming action also ensures that the pages of the booksert are aligned along their edges. 
   In this manner, an integral booksert having 24 pages is easily formed from a single sheet of material. The final size and shape of the booksert can be selected as desired. However, the present invention advantageously enables the easy fabrication of small bookserts that can be used along with products and the like. For example, the product shown in  FIG. 22  can be formed, to have a length L- 4  and a width W- 2  sized like that of the length and width of a 12 page booksert as discussed above. 
   The various embodiments of present invention enable the creation of a booksert which can be easily and efficiently manufactured. 
   First, print (e.g., words and/or illustrations) can be placed on individual sheets of material. The print can be arranged on the sheets so that regions of each single sheet will correspond to designated pages after formation of the booksert. Then, the gluing and folding steps can be carried out on the individual sheets as described above. These bookserts can thus be easily manufactured. Handling of multiple sheets is not required, but less preferred embodiments could be manufactured with two or more initial sheets. 
   Bookserts can be easily fabricated in-line and without staples, avoiding the risks of puncturing tubes or devices. Scratching is not a problem. In addition, bookserts can have more room for print or copying. 
   While bookserts can be made in various sizes, the preferred embodiments involve small bookserts that can be easily provided along with commercial products and especially along with drug products. For example, the bookserts can be (a) attached to containers having products (e.g., drug products) therein, (b) placed within bags, cartons or the like having products (e.g., drug products) or product-filled containers therein, or (c) provided along with products (e.g., drug products) at point of sale or the like. In preferred embodiments, bookserts are used along with drug products for providing information related thereto, such as when a purchaser obtains such drug products from a pharmacy or the like. 
   While the preferred embodiments of the invention have been disclosed in detail above, the invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments as disclosed. Those skilled in the art may make numerous uses and modifications of and departures from the specific embodiments described herein without departing from the inventive concepts. As some examples, while preferred embodiments have been described, it is contemplated that bookserts having various other numbers of pages can be made using principles of the invention as described. For example, bookserts having more pages can be made. And, bookserts having as little as 8 pages made—e.g., by folding over a single fold between two regions A and B. In addition, in the embodiments with removable inserts, the booksert portions and the insert portions can be made to have various numbers of pages using the principles of this invention. In addition, the various gluing and folding steps can be modified or altered by those in the art without departing from the spirit of the claimed invention.