Abstract:
This disclosure describes continuous epimerization-crystallization process for the isolation of [S-(R*, S*)]-1-(3-acetylthio-3-benzoyl-2-methylpropionyl)-L-proline from a diasteromeric mixture thereof with [S-(R*, R*)]-1-(3-acetylthio-3-benzoyl-2-methylpropionyl)-L-proline.

Description:
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention is concerned with a novel process for resolving a diastereomeric mixture of [S-(R*,S*)]-1-(3-acetylthio-3-benzoyl-2-methylpropionyl)-L-proline (I) and [S-(R*,R*)]-1-(3-acetylthio-3-benzoyl-2-methylpropionyl)-L-proline (II). ##STR1## In the original synthesis of (I), as set forth in Example 12 of U.S. Pat. No. 4,226,775, the crude product is obtained as an oily mixture of diastereomers, the desired (I) and the undesired (II). The ratio of (I) and (II) varies from 1:2 to 3:1. The isolation of (I) from the mixture, as set forth in Example 69 of U.S. Pat. No. 4,226,775, was originally accomplished by sequential column chromatography, high pressure liquid chromatography, and a final slow crystallization in low yields. This procedure is completely impractical for scale-up to prepare larger quantities of material. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     An alternative procedure for the isolation of (I) from a mixture of (I) and (II) has also been developed which consists of a very slow evaporative crystallization from diethyl ether followed by another slow recrystallization from n-hexane-ethyl acetate. The disadvantages of this procedure are: (a) diethyl ether cannot be used in a plant environment; (b) a initial ratio of at least 2:1 of (I):(II) is required for crystallization; (c) the process is tedious and slow; (d) yields are low; and (e) the undesired diastereomer (II) containing significant amounts of the desired diastereomer (I) has to be discarded in the mother liquors. 
     It has now been discovered that when a mixture of (I) and (II) is equilibrated in a specific solvent system in which (I) has limited solubility, a continuous crystallization of (I) occurs in conjunction with a continuous epimerization of (II) to (I) whereby nearly all of (II) also crystallizes out as (I). The specific solvent system operable in this novel process of the present invention consists of trifluoroacetic acid and an organic solvent in the ratio of one part of trifluoroacetic acid to from about two parts to about ten parts of organic solvent. The organic solvent may be a single compound such as chloroform, dibutyl ether, chlorobenzene, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate and the like or mixtures thereof in any proportion. The continuous epimerization-crystallization process of the present invention is carried out in the solvent system at a temperature of from about 45° C. to about 75° C. for a period of time of from about 8 to about 24 hours. At the end of this period of time, the crystallized (I) is removed by filtration, washed with n-hexane and dried. 
     The invention will be described in greater detail in conjunction with the following specific examples. 
    
    
     EXAMPLE 1 
     A total of 57.5 g. (0.158 mol.) of crude (I)+(II) (ratio 3:5) was dissolved in 280 ml. of di-n-butyl ether and 20.5 ml. of CF 3  CO 2  H while heating at 50°-70° C. Once solution had been effected, seeds were added and the mixture stirred in an oil bath at about 60° C. for 24 hours. The mixture was cooled and filtered and the crystals were washed with 50 mls. of di-n-butyl ether and 100 mls. of hexane. The dry weight of the white crystalline product (I) was 32.8 g. (0.090 mol.). This represents a 57% recovery from crude product mixture, m.p. 152°-153° C.  13  C NMR analysis indicates a purity of 98 +  %. 
     EXAMPLE 2 
     A solution of 60.0 g. (0.165 mol.) of crude (I)+(II) was prepared by dissolution in 200 mls. of 1:5 trifluoroacetic acid:chloroform. The solution refluxed for 8 hours with seed crystals and allowed to cool. The product, (I), was filtered and washed with cold hexane. The dry weight of the white crystalline product was 27.6 g. (0.076 mol.) for a 46.1% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 3 
     A solution of 60.0 g. (0.165 mol.) of crude (I)+(II) was prepared by dissolution in 250 ml. of 1:4 trifluoroacetic acid:chlorobenzene. Seed crystals were added and the solution was heated at 65° C. for 16 hours. Upon cooling, the solid was filtered, washed with hexane and air dried. Isolated are 30.0 g. (0.082 mol.) of product I corresponding to a 49.7% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 4 
     Crude (I)+(II) 60.0 g. (0.165 mol.) was dissolved in 217 ml. of 1:3:6 trifluoroacetic acid:acetonitrile:chlorobenzene. Seeds were added and the solution heated at 55°-70° C. for 24 hours. The product, (I), was filtered after cooling, washed with hexane and air dried. Isolated were 31.3 g. (0.086 mol.), representing a 52.1% yield. 
     EXAMPLE 5 
     Crude (I)+(II) 60.0 g. (0.165 mol.) was dissolved in 1:6:6 trifluoroacetic acid:ethyl acetate:di-n-butyl ether (270 ml.). Seeds were added and the solution warmed at 65° C. for 24 hours. Product was filtered upon cooling, washed with hexane and air dried. Isolated were 29.7 g. (0.082 mol.), representing a yield of 49.7%.