Abstract:
A device for supporting and fixing at a predetermined position an optical member such as a lens barrel supporting therewithin a lens or a mirror which takes part in projecting the image of an original to be copied upon a photosensitive medium. The device has a plate member formed with a supporting surface for supporting the optical member by press cutting and an element for pressing the optical member against said supporting surface of the plate member.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention relates to the optical device of a copying apparatus, and more particularly to a supporting device for lens or mirror. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings schematically shows an example of the electrophotographic copying apparatus. The image of an original to be copied placed on an original carriage 1 moved in the direction of arrow is projected upon a photosensitive drum 5, rotated in the direction of arrow in synchronism with the original carriage 1, by a projection optical system comprising a plane mirror 2, a lens 3 and a plane mirror 4. The electrostatic image formed on the photosensitive drum 5 by the image projection is developed with toner. The developed image is transferred to paper. The toner image transferred to the paper is treated for fixation while, on the other hand, the drum 5 after the image transfer is cleaned. 
     In the copying apparatus as described above, the support the lens at a predetermined position in the original image projection light path, there has been a method using a casting bed having a V-shaped groove or an arcuately concave groove. However, this method encounters difficulties in providing the accuracy of the groove and is costly. It is also apt to create irregularity of the accuracy among individual devices. Also, in the case as shown in FIG. 2 of the accompanying drawings wherein a metal sheet is formed into a V-shaped or an arcuately shaped groove and a cylindrical lens barrel is received in such groove, the cost involved is low but the sheet thickness differs from one sheet to another and therefore, in each individual device, there occurs a bend dimensional error corresponding to the sheet thickness error Δt and the error Δx (distance between O and O&#39;) of the lens axis from its regular position with the hatched portion as the standard becomes Δx=Δt/(cos θ/2), thus creating irregularity. 
     Such poor accuracy of the lens position lead to unclearness of resultant copies and this in turn leads to the inconvenience that complicated and cumbersome fine adjustment must be effected in each individual device. 
     Also, the usually practised method of mounting a plane mirror in the copying apparatus as shown in FIG. 1 is to adhesively secure or hold the back side of the reflecting surface of the mirror to or against the bent surface portion of two plate members, but this method encounters difficulties in keeping the accuracy of the angle of the bend thereof or of the relative angle between the two plates and requires fine adjustment in each individual device during the mass projection of devices and thus, it is inefficient. That is, a bend mold is usually made so as to correspond to the maximum value of the allowable error of the plate thickness, irregularity occurs to the right angle of the bend due to the irregularity of the plate thickness. In FIG. 3 of the accompanying drawings, if the plate thickness irregularity is Δt and the length of the bent portion is L, then the bend error Δθ becomes sin Δθ=Δt/L and this optically much far exceeds the tolerance, so that the planarity of the mirror M cannot be maintained. Also, if the angle between the bends of the two plates differs, the mirror will become distorted and again, sufficient planarity of the mirror cannot be maintained. In such case, resultant copy images will become unclear. 
     To offset such disadvantage, a method of using a casting as the mounting bed and milling the mirror mounting surface or a method using a diecast mounting bed has been attempted, but sufficient accuracy of inclination and planarity could not be obtained and it has finally been necessary to effect complicated and cumbersome fine adjustment in each individual device. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is a primary object of the present invention to provide the optical device of a copying apparatus which can provide good images. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide the optical device of a copying apparatus in which an optical member is held with high accuracy. 
     It is still another object of the present invention to provide the optical device of a copying apparatus in which an optical member is held with high accuracy by a simple construction. 
     It is yet still another object of the present invention to provide the optical device of a copying apparatus in which an optical member is held with reduced irregularity of accuracy among individual devices. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide the optical device of a copying apparatus which can reduce the cost of manufacture. 
     The dimensional accuracy of cutting surfaces formed in plate members by press cutting can be maintained constant for each plate member during mass production and has little or no relation to the thickness of the plate members, and the present invention supports the optical member in the device with high accuracy by making the most of the advantage of such press cutting technique. 
     Other objects and features of the present invention will become fully apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of the copying apparatus. 
     FIG. 2 shows the lens supporting device in the conventional copying apparatus. 
     FIG. 3 shows the mirror supporting device in the conventional copying apparatus. 
     FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 5 shows another example of the mirror supporting portion. 
     FIG. 6 illustrates the method of making the mirror supporting portion of FIG. 5. 
     FIG. 7 shows an effect of the present invention. 
     FIG. 8 shows a connecting plate. 
     FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate how the lens is supported. 
     FIG. 11 shows lens fixing means. 
     FIGS. 12 and 13 illustrate focus adjusting means. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Mirrors 2 and 4 and lens 3 of FIG. 1 are held in the manner as shown in FIG. 4. In FIG. 4, two side plates 6 and 7 made of metal sheets are formed with holes 8, 9, 29 and recesses 32, 33 by the same press metallic mold. Not only the same press metallic mold is used for the making of the side plates 6 and 7 but also the molded portions forming the holes 8, 9, 29 and the recesses 32, 33 are formed by the same metallic mold. Accordingly, the mutual positional relationship between the holes and the recesses in the plate 6 is accurately in accord with that in the plate 7. 
     The reflecting surfaces of the mirrors 2 and 4 bear against one cutting surface of the holes 8 and 9. Plate springs 10 are forced into between the back sides of the mirrors and the other cutting surfaces opposed to said cutting surfaces of the holes 8 and 9. These plate springs 10 resiliently press and support the mirrors 2 and 4 against said one cutting surface. 
     The press cutting surfaces against which said mirrors are pressed may be straight surfaces but may alternatively be formed as shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 5 exemplarily shows the hole 9 in which the mirror 4 is disposed. A projection 12 is formed in the mirror 4 supporting press cutting surface of the plate 6 and two projections 13 are formed in the mirror 4 supporting press cutting surface of the plate 7, so that the reflecting surface of the mirror 4 bears against these three projections and is resiliently held by the aforementioned plate springs 10. These projections 12 and 13 may be formed in the following manner. That is, a hole 9 having three projections 12 and 13 is formed in each of the plates 6 and 7, as shown in FIG. 6, and then the two projections 13 are excised from the plate 6 and one projection 12 is excised from the plate 7. This also holds true with the hole 8 for supporting the mirror 2. Anyway, the mirrors 2 and 4 are three-point-supported by the three projections as described above and moreover, these projected portions are rendered into cutting surfaces formed by the same press mold, whereby the planarity of the mirrors 2 and 4 can be provided with very high accuracy. 
     It is also possible to simply prevent the planarity of the mirrors and the mounting angle of the mirrors to the side plates from becoming irregular among individual devices. Also, even if the plates 6 and 7 are inclined by Δθ from an ideal plane al, the error Δh of the cutting surface b in the y-direction becomes Δh=h(1 -cos θ) and the error Δα of the angle α  becomes Δα=α tan -1  (tan α cos θ)-α, and these are so minute that they can be neglected. The plate thickness t has nothing to do with this. Accordingly, for individual devices, accuracy can be maintained constant. 
     The above-described side plates 6 and 7 are held parallel to each other by a connecting plate 16 shown in FIG. 8. The connecting plate 16 is formed with four helves 28 located at positions corresponding to the two helve holes 29 in each of the plates 6 and 7. These four helves 28 may be simultaneously formed on the plate 16 by the same press metallic mold. By this press cutting, four cutting surfaces 27 are simultaneously formed at positions adjacent to the helves 28. The helves 28 are fitted into the holes 29 of the side plates 6 and 7 to thereby determine the mutual positional relation with respect to the surface directions of the side plates 6 and 7. The surfaces of the plates 6 and 7 bear against said cutting surfaces 27 to thereby hold the plates 6 and 7 parallel to each other. 
     Thus, the orthographic projection of the plate 6 with respect to the plate 7 is in accord with the shape of the plate 7. The plate 16 is provided with bent portions 35 for fixing the side plates 6 and 7 to the plate 16, and the side plates 6 and 7 may be fastened to the bent portions 35 by screws 36. 
     The connecting plate 16 is formed with a rectangular hole 17 cut by a press metallic mold, as shown in FIG. 8. The press metallic mold portion for cutting this hole 17 is formed into the same metallic mold as that for forming the projections 28. 
     Of the cutting surfaces of the hole 17, the spacing between the longer sides 17&#39; is smaller than the outside diameter of a cylindrical barrel 3&#39; which supports the lens 3 therewithin, while the spacing between the shorter sides 17&#34; is greater than the full length of the barrel 3&#39;. When the connecting plate 16 is mounted in the device, the longer side cutting surfaces 17&#39; are parallel to the optic axis of the lens and accordingly, the surface of the connecting plate 16 is also parallel to the optic axis of the lens. 
     The lens is positioned and fixed in the following manner. That is, the lens barrel 3&#39; is dropped into the press hole 17 of the connecting plate 16. Since the spacing between the cutting surfaces 17&#39; is smaller than the outside diameter of the lens barrel as already described, the lens barrel 3&#39; bears against the upper edges of the two cutting surfaces 17&#39; at two locations of its outer peripheral surface as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, whereby the lens barrel is supported. The lens barrel 3&#39; so supported by the two cutting surfaces 17&#39; of the press hole 17 is integrally fixed to the plate 16 by a band 18. The band 18 has a spring portion 20 in its base as shown in FIG. 11, and by fastening this spring portion 20 to the connecting plate 16 by a screw 19, the lens barrel 3&#39; is resiliently pressed against the upper edges of the cutting surfaces 17&#39;. 
     After having been dropped into the press hole 17, the lens is finely adjusted in the direction of its optic axis in order that the original image on a photosensitive medium may be focused. For this purpose, the screw 19 may be loosened to permit the lens barrel 3&#39; to be slidden along the longer sides 17&#39; of the hole 17. This positioning and adjustment may be more accurately accomplished by carrying out the procedure as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. 
     In FIGS. 12 and 13, reference numeral 22 designates a recess formed in the center of the hole 17 by the same press metallic mold as that used to form the hole 17, so that when the lens barrel 3&#39; is dropped into the hole 17 and supported by the longer side cutting surfaces thereof as already noted, the outer peripheral surface of the lens barrel 3&#39; lightly contacts the upper surface of the recess 22 or is slightly spaced apart therefrom. In the center of this recess, there is a resilient portion 24 formed by cuts 23, and a slot 25 inclined with respect to the optic axis of the lens is formed in the resilient portion 24. A screw 26 is threaded into the lens barrel 3&#39; through the inclined slot 25. If the screws 19 and 26 are loosened and the lens barrel 3&#39; is rotated about the optic axis, the lens barrel 3&#39; is moved back and forth in the direction of the optic axis under the guide of the screw 26 through the slot 25. Instead of providing the above-described recess 22 in the hole 17, a slot such as the above-described slot 25 may be provided in the band 18 and a screw may be threaded into the lens barrel through that slot, whereby positioning and adjustment of the lens 3 in the direction of its optic axis may likewise be accomplished. 
     The mirrors 2, 4 and lens 3 fixed to one another in the described manner are held in the light path by bringing the recessed surface 32 formed in the side plates 6 and 7 by press cutting into engagement with a shaft 30 secured to the body of the copying apparatus and supporting the side plate 6, 7 and the connecting plate 16 for rotation about the shaft 30 while, at the same time, placing the recessed surfaces 33 formed in the side plates 6, 7 by press cutting onto a shaft 31 secured to the body of the copying apparatus and urging the recessed surfaces 33 against the shaft 31 by means of springs 34.