Abstract:
A camera lens drive mechanism includes a lens cylinder, and the lens hollow is able to fit over a lens. A conductor coil is wound around an outer surface of the lens cylinder, and a coil spring is surrounding the lens hollow cylinder. A magnetic body is opposite to the conductor coil for the magnetic line of force from the magnet can cut across the conductor coil. An active force is induced on the coil when a current is conducted in the conductor coil, and then the lens cylinder is pushed also. The magnitude of the active force can be controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the current in the conductor coil.

Description:
BACKGROUND  
       [0001]     1. Field of Invention  
         [0002]     The present invention relates to a driving mechanism for a camera lens. More particularly, the present invention relates to a driving mechanism for an auto-focus camera lens.  
         [0003]     2. Description of Related Art  
         [0004]     Due to advances in photography, almost all modern camera equipment has the ability to focus such that an object can be clearly imaged in the camera no matter whether the object is near or far. Adjusting the lens makes the light irradiated into the camera aggregated at an optimum position, the so-called focus, and then an image can be clearly recorded by the camera.  
         [0005]     Manual focus is used for tronal cameras; in other words, the position of a traditional camera lens is manually adjusted to a point determined by a user&#39;s naked eye. Although advanced users may obtain a better effect by manual focus, it may be too difficult for amateur users; therefore, the fully automatic camera has been presented to the public. A fully automatic camera can automatically determine a proper focal distance before an image is recorded; thus, the difficulty in using the camera and the possibility of a faulty focus can be reduced.  
         [0006]     Generally, there are a processor and a lens driving mechanism in a camera for the simple auto-focus method. The processor has the ability to receive a light signal and determine the optimum lens position by some algorithms, and then the lens is shifted to that optimum position by the lens driving mechanism. An ordinary driving mechanism uses a typical rotary motor to shift a lens, and because the lens must shift straight back and forth, a transmission is needed between the rotary motor and the lens for transforming a rotary motion to a linear motion. Generally, the transmission is achieved by a cam and a gear wheel mechanism, making the transmission extensive and hard to apply in portable products, such as mobile phones.  
         [0007]     Furthermore, according to the tendency for electronic products to be integrated, a camera may not only be a camera, but also a mobile phone or a PDA (personal digital assistant); thus, miniaturization of an electronic product is an important consideration. In the traditional lens driving method, both the rotary motor and also the transmission occupy a large volume. Consequently, the limitations of traditional cameras with respect to miniaturization are obvious.  
         [0008]     According to the foregoing description, a lens driving mechanism with more accuracy, better control ability and less volume is certainly needed because modern standards of focusing accuracy and miniaturization of products are critical.  
       SUMMARY  
       [0009]     It is therefore an objective of the present invention to provide a lens driving mechanism with good control ability.  
         [0010]     It is another objective of the present invention to provide a lens driving mechanism with high position accuracy.  
         [0011]     It is still another objective of the present invention to provide a lens driving mechanism with a small volume.  
         [0012]     It is another objective of the present invention to provide a lens driving mechanism with low cost.  
         [0013]     In accordance with the foregoing and other objectives of the present invention, the lens driving mechanism comprises a mechanism cylinder, a magnetic body (made by a permanent-magnet material), a conductor coil, an elastic component, a lens cylinder and a lens. Both the mechanism cylinder and the lens cylinder are hollow and have an opening at both ends, wherein the mechanism cylinder is large enough to contain the lens cylinder. The lens is fastened in the lens cylinder, and the conductor coil encircles an outer surface of the lens cylinder, wherein the lens cylinder has a flange perpendicularly extending from its outer surface for bearing the elastic component such that the elastic component can surround the lens cylinder. The magnetic body is fastened on an inner surface of the mechanism cylinder such that the magnetic body can face at least one part of the conductor coil when the lens cylinder is placed into the mechanism cylinder; that is to say, there is at least one part of the conductor coil in the magnetic line of force of the magnet at any time and the magnetic line of force perpendicularly cuts across the conductor coil.  
         [0014]     When the conductor coil conducts electrical current, a force is induced to push the lens cylinder because the directions of the current and the magnetic line of force are vertical, and the magnitude of the current and the magnetic line of force are directly proportional. The translation of the lens cylinder makes the flange closer and closer to the magnetic body, and then the elastic component exerts a reactive force to the lens cylinder because the elastic component is compressed between the flange and the magnetic body. Thus, the positions of the lens cylinder and the lens element within it are determined by controlling the magnitude of the current for counterbalancing the active force and the reactive force. The positioning accuracy of the lens can be enhanced also, simply by precisely tuning the current magnitude.  
         [0015]     It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are by examples and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0016]     These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with regard to the following description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings where:  
         [0017]      FIG. 1A  illustrates an exploded view of a lens driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0018]      FIG. 1B  illustrates a cross-sectional view of a lens driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0019]      FIG. 2A  is a diagram of a lens driving mechanism in motion according to an embodiment of the present invention; and  
         [0020]      FIG. 2B  is a diagram of a lens driving mechanism in motion according to another embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0021]     Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings and the description to refer to the same or like parts.  
         [0022]     The basic concept of the present invention is using an active force induced by the interaction of electric current and the magnetic line of force to control the position of a lens. In this way, the lens can be linearly driven forward and backward without any additional part motion but with a high positioning accuracy and by simple control.  
         [0023]      FIG. 1A  illustrates an exploded view of a lens driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the main elements of a lens driving mechanism  100 , including a lens cylinder  102 , a lens  108 , a conductor coil  110 , a coil spring  112 , two magnetic bodies  114 , an inner yoke  116  between the magnetic bodies  114  and a mechanism cylinder  118  used to envelop the whole driving mechanism.  
         [0024]     The lens cylinder  102  is able to firmly house the lens  108 , and the conductor coil  110  is wound and fastened onto the outer surface of the lens cylinder  102 . In this embodiment, the conductor coil  110  is fastened by winding the conductor coil  110  in a trench  106  in the outer surface of the lens cylinder  102 . Moreover, a flange  104  extends from the outer surface of the lens cylinder perpendicularly. When the coil spring  112  surrounds the lens cylinder, the flange  104  contacts the coil spring  112  to bear the spring  112  such that the lens cylinder will not pass through the coil spring  112 .  
         [0025]     The mechanism cylinder  118  is able to contain all the foregoing elements, that is, the lens cylinder  102 , which contains the lens  108  and is encircled by the conductor coil  110  and surrounded by the spring  112 . Two annular magnetic bodies  114  and an inner yoke  116  between the magnetic bodies  114  are all fastened on an inner surface of the mechanism cylinder  118 .  
         [0026]      FIG. 1B  shows a cross-sectional view of the lens driving mechanism  100  comprised of the elements shown in  FIG. 1A , clearly depicting the relative position of every element. First, the lens cylinder  102  contains the lens  108 , the outer surface of the lens cylinder is encircled by the trench  106 , the conductor coil  110  is wound along the trench  106 , the coil spring  112  surrounds the lens cylinder  102 , and one end of the coil spring  112  contacts the flange  104  of the lens cylinder  102 . Then, the mechanism cylinder  118  with two magnetic bodies  114  and the inner yoke  116  between the magnetic bodies  114  disposed on the inner surface of the mechanism cylinder is used to house the whole lens cylinder  102 , such that the magnetic bodies  114  and the inner yoke  116  face the conductor coil  110 ; that is to say, the magnetic line of force from the magnetic bodies  114  cuts across the conductor coil  110 . Furthermore, according to  FIG. 1B , when pushed by the lens cylinder  102  toward the right-hand side, the coil spring  112  is compressed between the flange  104  and the magnetic bodies  114 .  
         [0027]      FIG. 2A  shows a way to control the position of a lens according to an embodiment of the present invention. The mechanism cylinder  118  shown in  FIG. 1B  is not shown in  FIGS. 2A and 2B  since the mechanism cylinder  118  in the lens driving mechanism  100  is immoveable. It can be seen that a surface of both magnetic bodies, which contacts the inner yoke  116 , is a positive pole, and the reverse side is a negative pole. According to the characteristics of the magnets, the magnetic line of force is from the positive pole to the negative pole of a magnet. Therefore, the inner yoke  116  is able to guide a segment of the magnetic line of force from the magnetic bodies  114  shown in  FIG. 2A  to the conductor coil  110 ; that is, a magnetic line of force  120  cuts across the conductor coil  110 .  
         [0028]     According to the Lorentz Law, an active force F toward a direction  122  is induced on the conductor coil  110  while the conductor coil  110  conducts electrical current, where the magnitude of the active force F is:
 
 F=rIL×B 
        wherein,     I is the magnitude of the current in the conductor coil  110 ;     L is the total length of the conductor coil  110 ;     B is the magnetic flux density; and     r is the proportion of the length of the conductor coil  110  exposed in the magnetic field to the total length of the conductor coil  110 .        
 
         [0034]     In this embodiment, both the total length L of the conductor coil  110  and the magnetic flux density B of the magnetic line of force  120  cutting across the conductor coil  110  are constants, and the proportion r is 1 because the entire conductor coil  110  surrounded by the magnetic bodies  114  is cut across by the magnetic line of force  120 . Therefore, the only variable relating to the magnitude of the active force F is the magnitude of the current I in the conductor coil  110 , and these are directly proportional; the active force on the conductor coil  110  toward the direction  122  increases with increasing current in the conductor coil  110 .  
         [0035]     When the conductor coil  110  is pushed forward in the direction  122 , the lens cylinder  102  and the lens contained in the lens cylinder  102  are indirectly pushed forward in the direction  122  also because the conductor coil  110  is fastened on the lens cylinder  102 . When the lens cylinder  102  is pushed in the direction  122 , the coil spring  112  is compressed because a space between the flange  104  and the magnetic bodies  114  is reduced. Thus, the coil spring  112  exerts a reactive force to the lens cylinder  102  toward a direction opposite to the direction  122 , and the reactive force increases with increasing compression of the coil spring  112 . In other words, if a substantial shift of the lens cylinder  102  is desired, more current should be applied to the conductor coil  110  to generate a more powerful force toward the direction  122 , counteracted by the reactive force from the coil spring  112 . When the active force and the reactive force are in a state of equilibrium, the lens cylinder  102  and the lens  108  are stably positioned. According to the foregoing description, the lens cylinder  102  can be shifted to a desired location by controlling the magnitude of the current in the conductor coil  110 , and then the lens cylinder  102  can return to its original position by stopping the current in the conductor coil  110 .  
         [0036]     In the embodiment shown in  FIG. 2A , the source of the magnetic line of force is constituted by two annular magnetic bodies  114  and an annular inner yoke  116  used for enhancing magnetic flux density.  FIG. 2B  shows another embodiment according to the present invention, which has just one annular magnetic body. The mechanism shown in  FIG. 2B  is similar to that in  FIG. 2A , except that the source of the magnetic line of force is an annular magnetic body  202 , wherein a surface facing a conductor coil  204  of the magnetic body  202  is a positive pole and the surface on the reverse side of the magnetic body  202  is a negative pole. According to the principle previously described, the direction of the magnetic line of force  206  is from the magnet  202  to the conductor coil  204 , and the conductor coil  204  is cut across by the magnetic line of force  206 . Therefore, an active force toward a direction  208  will be induced when the conductor coil  204  conducts electrical current, and the principle for controlling the mechanism of this embodiment is identical with the embodiment shown in  FIG. 2A .  
         [0037]     Moreover, the magnetic bodies mentioned previously can be made of any magnetic material which is able to continuously provide a steady magnetic field, such as a general magnet or an electromagnet, and a Neodymium-Iron-Borom (Nd—Fe—B) permanent magnet which has the characteristics of high residual magnetic flux density and high coercive force is used in the embodiment described herein. In addition, the inner yoke mentioned previously can be made of any material with high magnetic conductivity, which is able to converge the magnetic line of force to a uniform magnetic field with high magnetic flux density. The coil spring mentioned can be replaced by any elastomer, such as a flat spring or rubber lump.  
         [0038]     According to the foregoing description of the lens driving mechanism, the lens can be shifted to a desired position as long as the conductor coil conducts current with a proper magnitude, and this purpose can be obtained by applying a focus control circuit into a camera with this kind of lens driving mechanism. The focus control circuit is able to compute and output a current with an appropriate magnitude according to real condition; therefore, it may be implemented by a general processor.  
         [0039]     It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the structure of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. In view of the foregoing, it is intended that the present invention cover modifications and variations of this invention provided they fall within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.