Abstract:
Electricity is produced by taking advantage of the differences in the physical properties of carbon dioxide as compared to air. The amount of expansion of CO 2  makes it possible to push a piston forcing water through a turbine to produce electricity. CO 2  is not lost since it is not allowed to pass through the water turbine.  
     Carbon dioxide is in 2 pipes. The inside pipe is 17 inches and the outside pipe is 2 feet in diameter. The carbon dioxide is compressed by air from underground storage from 40 bar to 100 bar in the inside pipe and from 40 bar to 80 bar in the outside pipe. There are three underground storage areas, two containing air and one containing CO 2 .  
     The heat produced by compression in both the inside pipe and the outside pipe diminishes the Van Der Waal forces which hold the carbon dioxide molecules close together and allows expansion in the outside pipe which pushes water through the water turbine. The carbon dioxide in the inner pipe stays compressed by locking the piston in place. The carbon dioxide in the inner pipe produces heat when this occurs. There is an energy phase and a repair phase. For continuing production of energy, there must be two set ups which alternate by going through the energy phase or repair phase. Electricity may be produced by this method on the scale of 1,000 to 3,000,000 Kw as much as a “good size” steam power plant.

Description:
REFERENCES CITED  
     U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS  
       [0001]    [0001]                                                 U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS                                      986,577   3/1911   Kiriloff           3,436,914   4/1969   Rosfelder           3,595,012   7/1971   Beck, Jr.           3,670,630   6/1972   Kriedt           3,996,741   12/1976   Herberg           4,181,455   1/1980   Stanwick           4,211,077   7/1980   Cassidy           4,219,544   8/1980   Stanwick           4,250,230   Feb. 10, 1981   Terry           4,345,433   8/1982   Stanwick           4,528,811   Jul. 16, 1985   Stahl           4,549,396   Oct. 29, 1985   Garwood et al.           4,539,303   Nov. 3, 1985   MacLean et al.           4,467,857   Feb. 4, 1986   Houseman et al.           4,729,224   Mar. 8, 1988   McAteer           4,921,765   May 1, 1990   Gmeindl et al.           4,942,734   Jul. 24, 1990   Markbreiter et al.           4,978,832   Dec. 18, 1990   Rubin           4,999,995   Mar. 19, 1991   Nurse           5,025,631   Jun. 25, 1991   Garbo           5,111,662   May 12, 1992   Nicolin et al.           5,233,837   Aug. 10, 1993   Callahan           5,342,702   Aug. 30, 1994   MacGregor           5,394,685   Mar. 7, 1995   Keston et al.           5,435,274   Jul. 25, 1995   Richardson, Jr.           5,579,640   Dec. 3, 1996   Gray, Jr. et al.           5,713,202   Feb. 3, 1998   Johnson           5,724,805   Mar. 10, 1998   Golomb et al.           5,787,605   Aug. 4, 1998   Okul et al.           5,797,583   Aug. 25, 1998   Murata et al.           5,816,048   Oct. 6, 1998   Bronicki et al.           5,819,522   Oct. 13, 1998   Tops. o slash. e; Axel                        
     
    
     
       STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT  
         [0002]    Not applicable.  
         REFERENCE TO A “MICROFICHE APPENDIX” 
         [0003]    Not applicable.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       TECHNICAL FIELD  
         [0004]    This invention produces electricity by using the hydroelectric method. Water is pushed through a water turbine by CO 2  at the pressure of 80 bar. The CO 2  at 80 bar displaces water contained in a, tank or pipe at the beginning. No carbon dioxide goes through the turbine.  
         BACKGROUND ART  
         [0005]    The Richardson invention U.S. Pat. No.5,435,274 differs from the instant patent invention U.S. Pat. No.9,638,298. The Richardson invention uses an underwater carbon arc which results in “mixture of gases, being non-self combustible but combustible as a fuel gas in the presence of air, and comprising gaseous hydrogen in major amount and carbon oxides in minor amount, mainly carbon monoxide”. In contrast, the instant patent invention U.S. Pat. No.9,638,298 uses the CO 2  physical properties to generate energy as described below to make electricity without combustion of a fuel gas.  
           [0006]    The hydroelectric plants today are located at a dam site or a place of pumped storage or at a place where compressed air is stored. This invention does not need to operate near a dam site. It is best that it is located near a lake, river or reservoir of water. This invention recycles air, CO 2  and water. Only, leakage of water, CO 2  and air at the valve sites need to be replaced.  
           [0007]    Today, there is much pollution caused by coal-fired power plants. When natural gas burns clean, CO 2  is still produced and is a pollutant. The fuel for the power plant in this invention is compressed CO 2  and compressed air stored underground.  
           [0008]    This power plant needs CO 2  which may be supplied by a fossil fuel power plant.  
           [0009]    Sequestration of the CO 2  produced by a fossil-fuel power could provide the incentive for purifying the smoke emitted by a fossil fuel plant.  
         SUMMARY  
         [0010]    This invention produces electricity from CO 2  and is not dependent upon combustible fuel for operation. A supply of CO 2  and air are required to start the process and the production plant needs to be near a water source. Also ideally, production of electricity described in this invention would take place near a steam plant and would use the hot condensate from that plant. This heat may be used to cause CO 2  to expand from the density of 933·m −3  at the pressure of 40 bar at 0 degrees C. to the density of 281 Kg·m −3  at the pressure of 80 bar at 40 degrees C.  
           [0011]    Steel pipes are required to contain the CO 2  and air above ground level in the hydroelectric apparatus. Underground storage balloon-type liners 16 ft. in diameter are required at multiple levels to contain CO 2  and air at the pressures of 1.1 bar, 20 bar, 40 bar, 60 bar, 70 bar, 75 bar, 80 bar and 100 bar. Commercial compressors at the beginning are used to supply the air and CO 2  to fill the balloon-type structure liners underground at multiple levels. There are two times the storage of air and CO 2  at 40 bar and 80 bar. The different levels of stored pressures allow most of the air to be recycled at the different levels. There is an inner and outer pipe where heat exchanges take place in the hydroelectric apparatus. The piston in the inner pipe moves 4.2% to the left in a 2000 ft. pipe 17 inches in diameter. This movement produces heat which adds to the heat in the outside pipe which is also heated by a piston pushed to right by air from storage 3% causing the pressure of CO 2  to increase from 40 bar to 80 bar. The piston in the outside pipe remains locked in place at this time. The heat from compression in both pipes causes the CO 2  in the outside pipe to expand 3.32 times. The movement of pistons are controlled by a computer program that open and close the valves to and from the underground balloon-type liners 16 ft. in diameter. These liners provide sustained air and CO 2  pressure since the volume of storage balloon-type liners 16 ft. in diameter to the volume in the compressor pipe 2 ft. in diameter is 64 to 1.  
           [0012]    There is an increase in volume of 2.32 times. Expansion of 2 times makes a production of energy possible when CO 2  at 80 bar displaces and pushes water through 2 pipes and drives a water turbine at the pressure of 80 bar. In addition, the 0.32 times increase makes it possible for 10.5 pipes 1500 ft. in length (equivalent feet) which contains CO 2  at the pressure of 40 bar to change to 80 bar in each of the ten pipes with only a 3% movement of the piston.  
           [0013]    This invention does need some extra CO 2  since there may be some leakage of CO 2  at the valve sites. A conventional fossil fuel steam plant could provide this CO 2  and at the same time make the process of sequestration of CO 2  more economical than piping of CO 2  to the ocean as many scientists recommend. To be able to recycle, one volume of CO 2  at the pressure of 80 bar having a density of 281 Kg·m −3  is added to 2 volumes of 3000 ft. of 2 ft. diameter pipe of CO 2  at the pressure of 40 bar at 0 degrees C. A cooling effect is produced and CO 2  becomes a liquid when the CO 2  is allowed to expand and decrease in pressure. Recycling is now made possible.  
           [0014]    The process of this invention can produce 1000 Kw to 3,000,000 Kw of electricity. Economically, this invention is cost effective in that no combustible fuel is required. It is also cost effective since calculations indicate that 1276 CO 2  power plants each producing 3,000,000 Kw from CO 2  could be built by using approximately the same amount of steel being used in the 492,000 miles of steel used today for main trunk oil and gas pipelines in the U.S. reported in  Fundamentals of Petroleum , Mildred Gerding, Editor, and published by Petroleum Extension Service, 1986.  
           [0015]    One half of CO 2  compressed to 80 bar having the density of 281 Kg·m −3  that power 1276 CO 2  power plants, may be used to compress air at 40 bar to 80 bar as seen in FIG. 3.  
           [0016]    If the process of compressing air at 40 bar to 80 bar takes place, there is enough CO 2  at the density of 281 kg·m −3  at pressure of 80 bar to power 638 CO 2  plants. Each of the 638 CO 2  power plants produce 3,000,000 Kw.  
           [0017]    To insure more recycling, electricity produced by 638 CO 2  power plants may provide the electricity to power commercial compressors of air and CO 2  at 150 bar. This extra air and CO 2  is added to storage. This leaves 319 plants which produce 3,000,000 Kw each plus a large supply of air compressed from 40 bar to 80 bar plus air and CO 2  compressed from 1 bar to 150 bar by commercial compressors.  
           [0018]    According to DOE on the internet in 1999, 141 plants each producing the equivalent of 3,000,000 Kw of electricity resulted in the total net generation of approximately 423,000,000 Kw. 319 plants as result of this invention divided by 141 plants in operation would produce 2.26 times more electricity than produced in the U.S.A. in 1999.  
           [0019]    Being cost effective, this invention could aid in the stimulation of the beginning of hydrogen economy. Electrolysis of water would be economical and profitable.  
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0020]    [0020]FIG. 1. shows by a schematic drawing how CO 2 , air and water can produce electricity. There are 6 pipes which make up the operation part of the apparatus. In addition, there are three storage sites which provide for sustained air pressure and CO 2  pressure. Included are three pistons represented by “P” in three pipes. Valves are all represented by the letter “V”.  
         [0021]    In FIG. 1, there is a valve between surge pipe  4  and compressor pipe  6  which contains a piston “P”.  
         [0022]    There is a valve between surge pipe  5  and pipe  7  which contains a piston “P”.  
         [0023]    A connecting line representing a small diameter pipe is added between the 2 ft. diameter pipe  6  and the 2 ft. diameter pipe  8 , 3000 ft. in length, divided into three 1000 ft. pipes.  
         [0024]    [0024]FIG. 2. “A” shows how the underground storage is distributed on both sides of the shaft. Balloon-like structures 16 ft. in diameter are at multiple levels on both sides of the shaft.  
         [0025]    [0025]FIG. 2. “B” shows how underground storage balloon-type liners are at multiple levels on one side of the shaft only.  
         [0026]    [0026]FIG. 2 “C” shows one underground storage level from 20 ft. to 2000 ft. (attached to the shaft on one side or both sides).  
         [0027]    [0027]FIG. 3. shows by a schematic drawing how CO 2 , air, and water during the repair phase can produce an increase in air pressure. In other words, air at 40 bar is compressed to produce air at 80 bar. Operation pipes and storage sites are seen in FIG. 3.  
         [0028]    [0028]FIG. 4:  
         [0029]    Unique to CO 2  gas: Increase of only 10 degrees C. causes expansion of CO 2  at the temperature of 30 degrees C. to 40 degrees C. at the pressure of 80 bar. Density at 30 degrees C. is 700 Kg·m −3 . Density at 40 degrees C. is 281 Kg·m −3 .  
         [0030]    Calculations:  
         At                 80                 bar     ,         30   ∘                     C   .              to                     40   ∘                     C   .                  700                   kg   ·     m     -   3             281                   kg   ·     m     -   3                 =     2.49                 times                 At                 40                 bar     ,         0   ∘                     C   .              to                     40   ∘                     C   .              to                   80                 Bar                     933                   kg   ·     m     -   3             281                   kg   ·     m     -   3               =     3.32                 times                             
 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0031]    [0031]FIG. 1. is a schematic drawing showing three underground storage areas  1 ,  2 , and  3 . Storage area  1 , contains air at the pressure of 1.1 bar to 80 bar. Underground storage area  3 , contains air at the pressure of 1.1 bar to 100 bar. Underground storage  2  contains carbon dioxide at the pressure of 1.1 bar to 100 bar. Compressed air and compressed carbon dioxide are stored at pressures of 1.1 bar to 100 bar at different levels of depth underground in 16 ft. diameter balloon type structures (rubber or plastic liners). (Civil engineers may decide to use different size and shape of balloon-like structure liners). Pipe  4  and pipe  5  are steel pipes 3 ft. in diameter having the length of 444.44 ft. Pipe  6  is 2 ft. in diameter having the length of 2000 ft Pipe  7  is 17 inches in diameter and has the length of 2000 ft. Pipe  8  above ground is 2 ft. in diameter having the length of 3×1000 ft. Pipe  9 , also above ground is 2 ft. in diameter and has the length of 3×1000 ft. Water flows through turbines  10 . All valves are represented by “V”. Pistons are represented by “P”.  
       PROCEDURE OF OPERATION  
       [0032]    As seen in FIG. 1, pipe  4  always contains air at the pressure of 80 bar. Pipe  5  contains air at the pressure of 100 bar. Both pipes  4  and  5  act as surge pipes. Both pipes  6  and  7  contain CO 2  at the pressure of 40 bar at this stage. There is a valve between surge pipe  4  and pipe  6 . There is a valve between surge pipe  5  and pipe  7 . There is a connecting pipe between pipe  6  and pipe  8  which at the beginning contains water.  
         [0033]    The air at the sustained pressure of 80 bar from underground storage  1  pushes into the surge pipe  4  and then pushes piston “P” in pipe  6  to the right until the heat of compression is produced. Carbon dioxide begins to expand. At the same time, air at the sustained pressure of 100 bar from underground storage pushes into pipe  5  and then pushes the piston “P” in pipe  7  to the left until heat is produced. The carbon dioxide in pipe  6  expands from density of 933.318 Kg·m −3  to 281.328 Kg·m −3  when it goes from pipe  6  to pipe  8  pushing water through the turbine  10 .  
         [0034]    The temperature in pipe  6  reaches 63.1 degrees C., and the temperature in pipe  7  reaches 86.37 degrees C.  
         [0035]    The temperature of pipe  6  needs only to increase to 40 degrees C. before it expands from density 933 Kg·m −3  to 281 Kg·m −3 . There is expansion of CO 2  3.32 times in pipe  6  pushing into a connecting pipe which connects directly with pipe  8 . This is shown in FIG. 1.  
         [0036]    The expansion of CO 2  in pipe  6 , 3.32 times, makes energy possible when CO 2  at 80 bar displaces and pushes water through pipe  8  and drives a water turbine  10 . Pipe  8  is represented 3×1000 ft. There may be a total of 3 turbines  10 . This completes the energy cycle.  
         Calculations        :            
                 P   2       P   1       =         80                 bar       40                 bar       =       2                   2   .3       =     1.2311444   ×   273      °                 K                 for                   CO   2                                   Diesel                 cycle        :                              Outside                 pipe                 6                     Temperature                 ⋯                 pipe                 6           =                      336        .        1024      °                 K                 -   273.0                                         63.1024      °                 C                           P   2       P   1       =         100   40                   bar     =       2                 .5                   2.5   .3       =     1.3163822   ×              273      °                 K                                      Inside                 pipe                 7                               Temperature                                 =                      359.37      °                 K                   -   273.0        °                              86.37      °                   C   .                                            Temperature                 average                 359.37      °                 K   ×   2     =                              336   .   1024      °                 K   ×   3     =                                                              718.74                                     1008.3072                                       5   /   1727.0472                                                         =                                                                     345.409      °                 K                   -   273.                   °                 K                                                        72.409      °                   C   .                                       
 
         [0037]    The temperature of 72.409° C. insures a temperature of at least 40° C. after heat exchange between pipe  6  and pipe  7  has taken place.  
         [0038]    Carbon dioxide has the density of 933.318 Kg·m −3  at 0° C. The density of carbon dioxide is 281.328 Kg·m −3  at 40° C.  
         [0039]    Expansion is:  
         933.318   281.328     =     3.32                 times                           
 
         [0040]    Calculations:  
         [0041]    At 80 bar  
         [0042]    There is an increase of volume of 2.32 times.  
         [0043]    At 0° C. there needs to be an increase of density.  
                 sustained                 of                   CO     2                                at                           933.318                 Kg                 to                 962   .   634                 temperature                       for                   CO     2                                at                 40                 bar                 to                 become                 80                 bar                     933.318                   Kg   ·     m     -   3                     962   ,   634                   Kg   ·     m     -   3                 =     96.9546                 %                             1.000000                        .969546                                .030454                                                
 
         [0044]    If the temperature remains constant at 0 degrees C., there is movement of only 3% when pressure increases from 40 bar to 80 bar in each of the steel 10.5 pipes, 2 ft. in diameter and 1500 ft. in length Reference:  Encyclopedie Des Gaz Encyclopaedia , L&#39;Air Liquide, 1976, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, English Translation by Nissim Marshall.  
         [0045]    Calculations:  
         [0046]    0.32 divided by 0.030454  
         [0047]    10.5×1500 ft. length  
         [0048]    10.5 pipes×1500 ft. Length from 40 bar to 80 bar.  
         [0049]    Use 2 parts of volume increase for energy.  
             V   =            1.5   ×   3   ,   140                   cu   .              ft   .                   =              4710                   cu   .              ft   .     ×   2     =     9420                   cu   .              ft   .                                  9420                   cu   .              ft   .       sec     ×       62.4                 lbs       1                   cu   .              ft   .         ×   2663                   ft   .     ×       1                 hp       550                   ft   .                                lbs        /        sec   ×       .746                 Kw       1                 hp                     =            2   ,   123   ,   160.359                 Kw                                 
 
         [0050]    If the temperature does not reach 40° C. when heat exchange is made between the inner pipe and outer, use 40 bar CO 2  compressed in inner pipe to 120 bar.  
                   P   2       P   1       =           120                 bar       40                 bar                       3   .3       =       1.39038917   ×     273   ∘                   K                =                                                                    379.576                 K     -             273                            106.576                ∘                     C   .                                              Outside                 pipe                 80                 bar                 from                 40                 bar                 2   .3     =       1.231144412   ×     273   ∘                     K   .                  =                                                                                                336.1024   ∘                   K     -               273   /   1000                            63.1024   ∘                     C   .                                                             379.576   ∘                   K                 379.576   ∘                   K                                         336.1024   ∘                   K                 336.1024   ∘                   K                 336.1024   ∘                   K           _                                                  2         Inside                 Pipe                                                                     3         outside                 pipes                                                                                        1767   ,   4592     5     =                   353.49   ∘                   K     -               273.00                            80.49   ∘                     C   .                                                        Need                 outer                 pipe                 to                 get                 at               least                   40   ∘                     C   .              so                   that                 density                     of                 80                 bar                 pipes                 go                 from                     933                   Kg   ·     m     -   3                       to                 281                   Kg   ·       m     -   3       .                                                    
 
         [0051]    Calculations:  
         [0052]    Footage of 2 ft. diameter pipe needed:  
             16       ×       30       ×       2       ×       1.413                                10.5         pipes                 for           sec   /           One                 energy                 phase                 and                        Big                 setups                           operations                       one                 repair                   phase   .                                          +   5.5           pipes                                                                            3        ,   000   ,   000   ,              K                 w         2   ,   123   ,   160   ,              K                 w       =   1.413               =     1356.48   ×   1500                   ft   .                   =     2   ,   034   ,   720                   ft   .              divided                   by                 5   ,   280                   ft   .                   =                385.36                 miles                                                          492   ,   000                 miles       385.36                 miles                     of               main                 trunk                 oil                 and                     gas                   pipelines   .             =              1276                 power                 plants       141                 power                 plants                   =            9.05   ×                       plants                 in                   U   .   S   .   A   .                 based                 on                 steel                 used                     in                 pipes                 2                   ft   .              in                       diameter   .                                                  492   ,   000                 miles       385.36                 miles                     of                 main                 trunk                 oil                 and                 gas                   pipelines   .                       
                =              1276                 power                 plants       141                 power                 plants         =           9.05   ×          plants                 in                   U   .   S   .   A   .                          based                 on                 steel                 used                          in                 pipes                 2                   ft   .              in                            diameter   .                                                
 
       UNDERGROUND STORAGE OF AIR AND CO 2    
       [0053]    Underground storage of air and CO 2  at the pressure of 1.1 bar to 100 bar provide sustained pressure to pipe  4  and pipe  5  in FIG. 1. Pipe  4  and pipe  5  may have a diameter of 2 ft. and can contain air and CO 2  at pressure of 200 bar if the ambient temperature is 273 degrees K.  
         [0054]    This invention only requires the pressure be as high as 100 bar. If more air at high pressure is needed such as 120 bar, air may be stored in 2 ft. diameter pipes underground.  
         [0055]    As the pressure of air on carbon dioxide underground increases, the balloon-type structure liners are placed at a greater depth underground.  
         [0056]    The balloon-like liners may be 16 feet in diameter or they may be 500-1000 length 32 ft. wide and 16 ft. in height.  
         [0057]    Underground storage provides sustained pressure and at the same time produces 2,152,659 Kw of electricity.  
         [0058]    [0058]FIG. 2 “A” shows storage underground. The shaft  2  is similar to that type of shafts used in coal mines. The different levels  3  of storage are on both sides of the mining shaft  2 .  
         [0059]    [0059]FIG. 2 “B” multiple levels  3  of stored air are on one side only of the mining shaft  2 .  
         [0060]    [0060]FIG. 2 “C” has only one shaft and one level  3  to place balloon-type structure. The depth of this level  3  may be located at the depth of 20 ft. to 2,000 ft.  
         [0061]    Civil engineers would decide what type of storage area would need to be constructed for each job.  
         [0062]    [0062]FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing of the apparatus which acts as a compressor of air from 40 bar to 80 bar.  
         [0063]    Prior Condition to Compression  
         [0064]    There are 3 storage areas. Storage area  1  is at the left in drawing FIG. 3, and contains air at the pressures of 1.1 bar, 20 bar, 40 bar, 60 bar, 70 bar, 75 bar, and 80 bar.  
         [0065]    Storage area  2  is the middle of drawing in FIG. 3 and contains CO 2  at pressures of 1. 1 bar, 20 bar, 40 bar, 60 bar, 70 bar, 75 bar, 80 bar and 100 bar.  
         [0066]    Storage area  3  is on the right side in drawing, FIG. 3 and contains air of 1.1 bar, 20 bar, 40 bar, 60 bar, 70 bar, 75 bar, 80 bar and 100 bar.  
         [0067]    Storage of air and CO 2  underground is in 16 ft. diameter balloon-type liners 2000 ft. in length in the balloon-type liners that line tunnels which are at different levels of depth. Higher pressure of air and CO 2  require greater depth of the tunnels which contain balloon-type liners.  
         [0068]    Pipe  4  at the beginning contains CO 2  at the pressure of 40 bar. Pipe  5  also contains CO 2  at the pressure of 40 bar at the beginning. Pipe  6  and pipe  7  contain air at pressure of 40 bar at the beginning.  
         [0069]    Procedure of FIG. 3.  
         [0070]    Air at sustained pressure of 60 bar, 70 bar, 75 bar, and 80 bar push into pipe  4  from storage  1  and pushes piston “P” to the right until pressure increases to 80 bar. The heat of compression in pipe  4  increases the temperature of CO 2  to 63 degrees C. as calculated.  
         [0071]    To insure that temperature in pipe  4  increases from 0 degrees C. to at least 40 degrees C., air from storage at 60 bar, 70 bar, 75 bar, 80 bar and 100 bar pushes into pipe  5  and compresses CO 2  at 40 bar to 100 bar.  
         [0072]    The temperature increases in pipe  5  to 86 degrees C. as calculated by using the diesel cycle equation.  
         [0073]    Pipe  5  acts only as a heater to the CO 2  in pipe  4 .  
         [0074]    It is very important that temperature increases at least to 40 degrees C.  
         [0075]    If temperature increases more than 40 degrees C. in pipe  4 , expansion will be more than 3.32 times.  
         [0076]    At 40 degrees C. and 80 bar in pipe  4 , the CO 2  in pipe  4  expands 3.32 times. The increase of 2.32 times the volume of CO 2  at 80 bar pushes CO 2  into pipe  6  and pipe  7  which are both 3000 ft. in length.  
         [0077]    Pistons in pipe  6  and pipe  7  are pushed to right by CO 2  at 80 bar until 3000 ft. of air at 40 bar in both pipes  6  and  7  are compressed to 1500 ft. of air at 80 bar in pipes  6  and  7 .  
         [0078]    The result is that 6000 ft. of air at 40 bar is compressed to 3000 ft. of air at 80 bar. The diameter of both pipe  6  and pipe  7  is 2 feet.  
       Repair Phase  
       [0079]    After CO 2  at pressure of 80 bar and density of 281 Kg·m −3  pushes the third piston “P” to the right, and water has been pushed through turbine  10 , the CO 2  in pipes  6  and  8  pushes into storage underground at the pressure of 80 bar, 75 bar, 70 bar, 60 bar, 40 bar down to 20 bar, down to 1.1 bar. No CO 2  or air is lost except for small leakage around valves.  
         [0080]    When all the compressed air and CO 2  have been returned to underground storage areas of  1 ,  2 , and  3 , part of the repair phase has taken place.  
         [0081]    The density of 281 Kg·m −3  should be returned to the density of 933 Kg·m −3 . To do this, two volumes of CO 2  at the density of 933 Kg·m −3  and 0 degrees C. is added to 3.32 volumes of CO 2  at the density of 281 Kg·m −3  and at 40 degrees C. This mixture is allowed to expand resulting in liquid CO 2 .  
         [0082]    It may be best to add another volume of CO 2  at the same density of 933 Kg·m −3  at the same temperature.  
         [0083]    Calculations: 2.32 volumes increase when expanded from 
         933 Kg·m −3  to 281 Kg·m −3   
         [0084]    Density=933 Kg·m −3 ×3=2799 (3 volumes) 
         2799 divided by 5.32 volumes=526 Kg·m −3  density 
         [0085]    Then the CO 2  is allowed to expand, causing the CO 2  to become a liquid.  
         [0086]    [0086]FIG. 3, a schematic drawing described in detail in the Descriptions, explains how CO 2  at 40 bar is changed to CO 2  in 80 bar. Commercial compresses are used to compress air and CO 2  to storage at the pressure of 150 bar. This compressed air and CO 2  pushes into storage to keep pressure in storage area  1  at 80 bar, storage area  2  of CO 2  at 100 bar, and storage area  3  of air at 100 bar.  
         [0087]    It is not mandatory for the CO 2  gas to return to a liquid since 10.5 2 ft. diameter steel pipes 1500 ft. in length contain CO 2  at the pressure of 80 bar resulting from the described operation as shown by FIG. 1.  
         [0088]    Recycling is ready to take place. The energy phase is ready to occur again. There are two set-ups that operate simultaneously. One set-up goes through the energy phase while the other set-up goes through the repair phase. By alternating and using two set-ups the production of electricity is continuous.  
       CONCLUSION  
       [0089]    As described above, CO 2  can be used to produce electricity in a cost effective manner. No pollution occurs in this invention because there is no combustion of fossil fuels required.