Abstract:
A fuel injection pump system specifically designed to provide a variety of fuels, including aviation kerosene-jet fuel, arctic fuels and diesel fuels to a single cylinder compression ignited engine using a single bore fuel injection pump and governor in a single housing. The fuel injection pump system includes a housing enclosing a fuel injection pump with governor system which is attached directly to the engine casing thereby using the engine&#39;s oil for lubrication of the fuel injection pump. The internally attached governor system enables the engine to idle smoothly at a predetermined speed and also provide high-speed protection by reducing fuel at predetermined RPM settings. A uniquely designed plunger and barrel in the fuel injection pump incorporates an anti-knock helix shaped plunger that changes the idle injection timing for sound attenuation.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
         [0001]    Not applicable to this application.  
         STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT  
         [0002]    Not applicable to this application.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0003]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0004]    The present invention relates generally to fuel injection pump systems and more specifically it relates to a fuel injection pump system for providing a variety of fuels, including aviation kerosene-jet fuel, arctic fuels and diesel fuels, to a compression ignited engine.  
           [0005]    2. Description of the Related Art  
           [0006]    Fuel injection pump devices have been in use for years. Typical fuel injection pump devices are stand-alone systems, mechanically or electrically controlled that deliver fuel to an internal combustion engine. The pump often includes a plunger that reciprocates in a barrel bore to pressurize the fuel. Such systems include a means for controlling the fuel delivery.  
           [0007]    Lubrication of a fuel injection pump using aviation kerosene-jet fuel, arctic fuel or diesel fuel can be a significant problem as these fuels are dryer and less viscous than most fuels. Fuel injection pumps are normally designed to handle one type of fuel and therefore are limited in their application.  
           [0008]    Current systems do not incorporate a governor internal to the system to enable the engine to idle smoothly at predetermined speeds nor are fuel systems typically designed with an internal governor to assist the engine by reducing fuel flow at high engine revolutions per minute (RPMs).  
           [0009]    Examples of patented devices which are related to the present invention include U.S. Pat. No. 6,247,450 to Jiang; U.S. Pat. No. 6,238,190 to Czarnecki; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,032,875 to Grimshaw-Jones.  
           [0010]    While these devices may be suitable for the particular purpose to which they address, they are not as suitable for providing a variety of fuels to a single cylinder compression ignited engine using a single bore fuel injection pump and governor in a single housing.  
           [0011]    In these respects, the fuel injection pump system according to the present invention substantially departs from the conventional concepts and designs of the prior art, and in so doing provides an apparatus primarily developed for the purpose of working with a variety of different fuels in a single cylinder compression ignited engine using a single bore fuel injection pump and governor in a single housing.  
         BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0012]    In view of the foregoing disadvantages inherent in the known types of fuel injection pump systems now present in the prior art, the present invention provides a new fuel injection pump system construction wherein the same can be utilized for providing a variety of fuels to a single cylinder compression ignited engine using a single bore fuel injection pump and governor in a single housing.  
           [0013]    The general purpose of the present invention, which will be described subsequently in greater detail, is to provide a new fuel injection pump system that has many of the advantages of the fuel injection pump systems mentioned heretofore and many novel features that result in a new fuel injection pump system which is not anticipated, rendered obvious, suggested, or even implied by any of the prior art fuel injection pump systems, either alone or in any combination thereof.  
           [0014]    To attain this, the present invention generally comprises a housing enclosing a fuel injection pump with governor system which is attached directly to the engine casing thereby using the engine&#39;s oil and compression for lubrication of the fuel injection pump. The internally attached governor system enables the engine to idle smoothly at a predetermined speed and also provide high-speed protection by reducing fuel at predetermined RPM settings. A uniquely designed plunger and barrel in the fuel injection pump incorporates an anti-knock helix-shaped plunger that changes the idle injection timing for sound attenuation.  
           [0015]    There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, the more important features of the invention in order that the detailed description thereof may be better understood, and in order that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. There are additional features of the invention that will be described hereinafter and that will form the subject matter of the claims appended hereto.  
           [0016]    In this respect, before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of the description and should not be regarded as limiting.  
           [0017]    A primary object of the present invention is to provide a fuel injection pump system that will overcome the shortcomings of the prior art devices.  
           [0018]    A second object is to provide a fuel injection pump system for providing a variety of fuels, including aviation kerosene-jet fuel, arctic fuels and diesel fuels, to a single cylinder compression ignited engine using a single bore fuel injection pump and governor in a single housing.  
           [0019]    Another object is to provide a fuel injection pump system that is adequately lubricated under various RPM conditions.  
           [0020]    An additional object is to provide a fuel injection pump system that is adequately lubricated when using a variety of fuels.  
           [0021]    A further object is to provide for smoother engine operation by utilizing a fuel injection pump system that rotates counterclockwise.  
           [0022]    Another object is to provide a fuel injection pump system that is compact in structure.  
           [0023]    An additional object is to provide a fuel injection pump system that can use a variety of fuels interchangeably.  
           [0024]    Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become obvious to the reader and it is intended that these objects and advantages are within the scope of the present invention.  
           [0025]    To the accomplishment of the above and related objects, this invention may be embodied in the form illustrated in the accompanying drawings, attention being called to the fact, however, that the drawings are illustrative only, and that changes may be made in the specific construction illustrated and described within the scope of the appended claims.  
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0026]    Various other objects, features and attendant advantages of the present invention will become fully appreciated as the same becomes better understood when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts throughout the several views, and wherein:  
         [0027]    [0027]FIG. 1 is a side view of the present invention.  
         [0028]    [0028]FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the present invention along line  2 - 2  of FIG. 1.  
         [0029]    [0029]FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the present invention along line  2 - 2  of FIG. 1 indicating fuel flow direction and cam lobe rotation.  
         [0030]    [0030]FIG. 4 is a front view of the present invention.  
         [0031]    [0031]FIG. 5 is a side view of the present invention mounted to an engine housing indicating the counterclockwise rotation of the camshaft.  
         [0032]    [0032]FIG. 6 is a side view of the engine housing.  
         [0033]    [0033]FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the housing of the present invention along line  7 - 7  of FIG. 3.  
         [0034]    [0034]FIG. 8 is a side view of the present invention with the back plate of the housing removed.  
         [0035]    [0035]FIG. 9 is a side view of a second embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0036]    [0036]FIG. 10 is an exploded side view of the second embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0037]    [0037]FIG. 11 is a split view of the second embodiment of the present invention.  
     
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0038]    Turning now descriptively to the drawings, in which similar reference characters denote similar elements throughout the several views, FIGS. 1 through 11 illustrate a fuel injection pump system  10 , which comprises a housing  20  containing a counterclockwise cam-driven plunger  36  and mechanical governor  60 . The housing  20  for the fuel injection pump system  10  includes a mating flange  29  which correspondingly attaches to the engine housing  70 . This mounting arrangement provides for engine oil distribution to be accomplished by taking advantage of crankcase oil pressure.  
         [0039]    As best seen in FIG. 2, the plunger assembly  30  includes a cam lobe  52  which is in rotational contact with the tappet  32 . The tappet  32  is in physical contact with the first spring seat  34  as shown in FIG. 2. The first spring seat  34  is attached to the drive end of the plunger  36 . The second end of the plunger  36  is helically shaped. The first spring seat  34  is held in position against the tappet  32  by a spring  38  positioned between the first spring seat  34  and the second spring seat  39 . The plunger  36  is positioned and can axially slide within the barrel bore sleeve  35 . The side wall of barrel bore sleeve  35  includes an opening  23  which is in fluid connection with the fuel inlet  24 . A pinion sleeve  31  is in contact with the plunger  36  to rotationally turn the plunger  36  to meter fuel. The pinion sleeve  31  is controlled by the fuel delivery control rack  37  in a conventional manner.  
         [0040]    A mechanical governor  60  is housed internally to the fuel injection pump system  10  and is connected to the fuel delivery control rack  37 . In addition, a throttle assembly  22  is connected to the fuel delivery control rack  37 .  
         [0041]    A retraction delivery valve  42  is positioned axially opposite the plunger  36  in the barrel bore  33 . The retraction delivery valve  42  moves axially in relation to the opening  46  of the fuel injection system  10  and is biased towards the closed position by a second spring  44 . The delivery valve assembly  40  is maintained in position on the fuel injection pump system  10  by the valve assembly holder  48 . As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 an alternate housing may include a receivable flange  25  to accept a threaded delivery valve assembly  40 . However, it can be appreciated by one skilled in the art that the delivery valve assembly  40  may be attached to a housing  20  using a variety of different methods.  
         [0042]    The housing  20  to the fuel injection pump system  10  includes connections to the fuel inlet  24 , the throttle assembly  22 , a fuel bleed off screw  21 , an oil inlet  26 , and a rack cap  28 . The housing  20  includes a mounting flange  29  which allows the fuel injection pump system  10  to be connected to the engine housing  70 .  
         [0043]    The cam lobe  52  is attached to the camshaft  58 . As best seen in FIG. 5 when the fuel injection pump system  10  is attached to the engine housing  70  the camshaft is in mechanical connection with first drive gear  54 . The camshaft housing  53  includes an aperture  55  to provide fluid connection between the fuel injection pump system  10  and the engine housing  70 . As seen in FIG. 6, to facilitate this fluid connection the engine housing  70  should include an engine housing aperture  72  located at a position opposite the aperture  55  on the fuel injection pump system  10 .  
         [0044]    [0044]FIGS. 9 through 11 illustrate a second embodiment of the fuel injection pump system  10 . This embodiment includes a modified split housing comprising a first section  62  and a second section  64 . Dowels  66  are attached to the first section  62  and are insertable into corresponding adjustment apertures  69  in the second section  64 .  
         [0045]    In use, the camshaft  58  is rotated in a counterclockwise direction by the first drive gear  54 . The cam lobe  52  attached to the camshaft  58  correspondingly rotates in a counter clockwise direction. As the cam lobe  52  rotates against the tappet  32 , the tappet  32  moves the plunger  36  towards the retraction delivery valve  42  and against the spring  38 . As the plunger  36  travels away from the retraction delivery valve  42  fuel enters the barrel bore  33  through the opening  23  from the fuel inlet  24 . As the cam lobe  52  continues to rotate and force the plunger  36  back towards the retraction delivery valve  42  the retraction delivery value  42  is forced against the second spring  44  and fuel is ejected out the nozzle outlet  46 .  
         [0046]    The amount of fuel which ejects from the nozzle outlet  46  with each pumping stroke of plunger  36  is controlled by the pinion sleeve  31  connected to the fuel delivery control rack  37 . Conventional technology is used in metering the amount of fuel.  
         [0047]    In operation the fuel metering at idle conditions is controlled by the mechanical governor  60 , which using conventional technology provides a steady rate of fuel metering at a designed setting to maintain a smooth rate of idle. As the operator increase the engine speed through utilization of the throttle assembly  22  the governor  60  becomes ineffective as the spring rate of the governor  60  set for idle is surpassed. As the engine speed reaches a predetermined maximum speed the governor  60  is again activated and the fuel rate is reduced by the governor&#39;s  60  interaction with the fuel delivery control rack  37 . Clearly, idle speed and maximum RPMs can be set by adjustments of the governor  60 .  
         [0048]    To keep the fuel injection pump system  10  adequately lubricated, oil enters the housing  20  through the oil inlet  26 . The location of the oil inlet  26  results in oil being dispersed onto the tappet  32  and cam lobe  52 . The oil then travels though the oil outlet aperture  55  in the camshaft housing  53  into the oil inlet aperture  72  in the engine housing  70 . The oil is then circulated in the engine housing and eventually returns into the housing  20  through the oil inlet  26 . This constant circulation of oil keeps the fuel injection pump system  10  lubricated.  
         [0049]    In the second embodiment, the fuel injection pump system  10  includes a two-piece housing that attaches between the mating flange  29  and the engine housing  70 . The first section  62  can be rotated and fixed in relation to the second section  64 . By turning the first section  62  the cam lobe&#39;s  52  position changes in relation to the tappet  32 . This adjustment can be used to modify the timing between the plunger  36  sequence and the first drive gear  54 . This adjustment may be necessary in using a variety of different fuels.  
         [0050]    As to a further discussion of the manner of usage and operation of the present invention, the same should be apparent from the above description. Accordingly, no further discussion relating to the manner of usage and operation will be provided.  
         [0051]    With respect to the above description then, it is to be realized that the optimum dimensional relationships for the parts of the invention, to include variations in size, materials, shape, form, function and manner of operation, assembly and use, are deemed to be within the expertise of those skilled in the art, and all equivalent structural variations and relationships to those illustrated in the drawings and described in the specification are intended to be encompassed by the present invention.  
         [0052]    Therefore, the foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shown and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention.  
                                             Index of Elements for Fuel Injection Pump System                                    □   ENVIRONMENTAL ELEMENTS           □           □           □           □           □           □           □           □           □           □   10. Fuel Injection Pump System           □   11.           □   12.           □   13.           □   14.           □   15.           □   16.           □   17.           □   18.           □   19.           □   20. Housing           □   21. Fuel Bleed-Off Screw           □   22. Throttle Assembly           □   23. Opening           □   24. Fuel Inlet           □   25. Receivable Flange           □   26. Oil Inlet           □   27. Housing Attachment           □   28. Rack Cap           □   29. Mounting Flange           □   30. Plunger Assembly           □   31. Pinion Sleeve           □   32. Tappet           □   33. Barrel Bore           □   34. First Spring Seat           □   35. Barrel Bore Sleeve           □   36. Plunger           □   37. Fuel Delivery Control Rack           □   38. Spring           □   39. Second Spring Seat           □   40. Delivery Valve Assembly           □   41.           □   42. Retraction Delivery Valve           □   43.           □   44. Second Spring           □   45.           □   46. Nozzle Outlet           □   47.           □   48. Valve Assembly Holder           □   49.           □   50. Drive Components           □   51.           □   52. Cam Lobe           □   53. Cam Shaft Housing           □   54. First Drive Gear           □   55. Oil Outlet Aperture           □   56.           □   57.           □   58. Cam Shaft           □   59.           □   60. Governor           □   61.           □   62. First Section           □   63.           □   64. Screw Section           □   65.           □   66. Dowel           □   67.           □   68.           □   69. Adjustment Aperture           □   70. Engine Housing           □   71.           □   72. Oil Inlet Aperture           □   73.           □   74.           □   75.           □   76.           □   77.           □   78.           □   79.