Abstract:
An automated teller machine ( 10 ) having a secure enclosure ( 26 ); a lock ( 30 ) for securing the secure enclosure ( 26 ) and a processor ( 24 ) for controlling teller machine functionality and additionally the lock ( 30 ).

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    The present invention relates to a locking arrangement for a secure enclosure, and in particular a locking arrangement for a self-service terminal, such as an automated teller machine.  
           [0002]    Automated teller machines use a variety of conventional high security safe locks, for example, conventional three wheel high security locks that need a three wheel combination to be opened. These three wheel locks are, however, difficult to open, even with practice. This can cause serious security problems. In addition, often the lock wheels are not fully spun on closing, so the lock can be re-opened without having to dial up the three wheel combination. Furthermore, it can be difficult to change the combinations for these locks, so they can remain set on the same combination number for years. In a bank environment dozens of people get to know this potentially lucrative opening number. Clearly, this is a security risk.  
           [0003]    Other locks that are in common usage are electronic keypad combination locks. An advantage of these is that they can be re-programmed so that the combination number can be altered as and when desired. This solves the usability aspect. However, even the cheapest of these locks is around three times the cost of a mechanical lock. Much of this cost is because of the electronics and processors that have to be embedded in the lock to give the necessary intelligence to activate the locking mechanism.  
           [0004]    Another more recent lock is the so-called audit trail lock. This includes a processor that can be programmed using a series of unique personal identification numbers (PINs) to identify who entered the safe; when they entered; when they exited; whether they gave the correct daily cash in transit (CIT) code, and whether they gave the correct exit code. The use of a 500-event memory has become commonplace in this type of lock. This has proven to be an invaluable tool to prevent “shrinkage” of cash, especially for the CIT industry. The lock can be interrogated at the safe by using, for example, dedicated hardware, such as printers, to download audit trail information from the lock. The main drawback with these audit trail locks is the price, which can be more than ten times the cost of a conventional lock. In addition, the best of them need a complete infrastructure and special hardware to allow auditing and monitoring of risky sites.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0005]    An object of the invention is to provide an improved lock for use in secure enclosures, in particular for use in self-service machines, such as automated teller machines.  
           [0006]    According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device or machine, such as self-service machine, for example an automated teller machine, the device or machine having a secure enclosure; a lock for securing the secure enclosure and a controller, for example a processor, for controlling device or machine functionality and additionally the lock.  
           [0007]    As part of its inherent intelligent capabilities at delivering cash and related services to the public, the modem ATM has a processing ability that can far outstrip the best lock processing for top-of-the-range electronic audit trail locks. By using this processing capability to control both the teller machine functionality and additionally a lock, a simple lock can be made to operate in a manner that surpasses the capabilities of audit trail locks.  
           [0008]    Preferably, the controller/processor is connected to the lock via a secure communications link. For example, the controller/processor may be operable to generate encrypted control commands for sending to a decryptor in the secure enclosure, wherein the decryptor is operable to decrypt the control command and pass the decrypted command to the lock.  
           [0009]    Preferably, the lock is an electronic solenoid lock.  
           [0010]    A detector may be provided for detecting tampering with the safe. The detector may be operable to send an alarm signal to the controller/processor when tampering is detected.  
           [0011]    A spoiler mechanism actuatable in response to a control signal from the controller/processor may be provided. The spoiler mechanism is operable to cause damage to the contents of the secure enclosure in the event that tampering is detected. The spoiler mechanism may be operable to spray fluid over the contents of the secure enclosure. The fluid may be such as to render the contents of the secure enclosure unusable. For example, the fluid may be paint.  
           [0012]    According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for controlling a device or machine, such as a self-service machine, for example an automated teller machine, the device or machine having a secure enclosure that is securable using a lock, the system comprising controller, for example a processor, that is adapted or configured to control device or machine functionality and additionally the lock. The controller may be provided in the device or machine or may be provided separately or remotely therefrom.  
           [0013]    According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a controller for controlling a device or machine, such as a self-service machine, for example an automated teller machine, the device or machine having a secure enclosure that is securable using a lock, the controller, for example a processor, being adapted or configured to control device or machine functionality and additionally the lock. The controller may be provided in the device or machine or may be provided separately or remotely therefrom.  
           [0014]    According to still another aspect of the invention, there is provided a computer program, preferably on a data carrier or a computer readable medium, for controlling a device or machine, such as a self-service machine, for example an automated teller machine, the device or machine having a secure enclosure that is securable using a lock, the computer program having code or instructions for controlling device or machine functionality and additionally the lock. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING  
       [0015]    An automated teller machine in which the invention is embodied will now be described with reference to FIG. 1, which is a diagrammatic representation of an automated teller machine. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION  
       [0016]    [0016]FIG. 1 shows an ATM  10  that has an outer housing  12 , with a front fascia  14  having a screen  16  for presenting information to a user, a keypad  18  for receiving user inputs, a slot  20  for receiving a magnetic card and a dispenser slot  22  through which money from a dispenser mechanism (not shown) is dispensed. Also provided is a transfer mechanism (not shown) for transferring a card entered into the slot  20  to a card reader (not shown). Connected to the screen  16 , the keypad  18  and the card reader is a core module  24 . This is provided in the housing  12 , together with a safe  26  for storing money that is to be dispensed from the ATM. The safe  26  has a door  28  that is lockable using an electronic solenoid lock  30 . The door  28  of the safe  26  is only opened when the ATM has to be replenished with money.  
         [0017]    The core module  24  may be implemented in hardware or using a computer program. It is operable to control the overall ATM functionality, such as reading and interpreting magnetic cards inserted into the housing  12  and receiving and acting on user inputs. The core  24  is also optionally connected to a central server  32 , so that remote control and/or inspection and/or interrogation of the ATM are possible. All of this is standard. However, in addition to this, the core electronics module  24  is adapted to control the electronic lock  30 . In particular, the core module  24  is operable to cause the lock  30  to be released so that the safe door  28  can be opened. The core module  24  is also operable to cause the lock  30  to be secured, when the door is closed. Of course, it will be appreciated that this may not always be necessary, because many locks can be automatically activated when the door is closed.  
         [0018]    In order to ensure the integrity of the communication channel, the core electronics module  24  is connected to the lock  30  via a secure link  32 . This secure link  32  includes an encryptor that is implemented in the core electronics  24 , some form of cable  34  and a decryptor  36  that resides within the safe  26 . All control signals sent to the lock  30  from the core module  24  are encrypted and passed to the decryptor  36 . Hence, even although the processing core  24  is placed outside the safe  26 , there is no associated security risk. No one tapping the signals from the core  24  would be able to break into the line  32  and mimic the signals needed to open the lock.  
         [0019]    Any suitable encryption technique could be used to encrypt the command signals for the lock  30 . In particular, any of the encryption standards that are already in existence for financial and other institutions could be used.  
         [0020]    The ATM  10  is adapted to control the lock  30  in response to user inputs. These can be received from the keypad  18  or the remote server- 32  or an enhanced operator panel (EOP) (not shown), which is typically provided separately from the user keypad  18  on the front fascia  14 . For high security environments, this option may necessitate encrypting the communication lines to the keypad  18  and EOP module. Such encryption is already commonplace for customer inputs such as keyboards, and so will not be described herein in detail.  
         [0021]    In order for the core module  24  to implement audit trail functionality, each authorized user, for example, the service personnel who refill the safe  26 , is allocated a unique personal identification number (PIN) or combination number. This information is stored in an access control file. To open the safe  26 , a PIN number has to be input to the core module  24 , where it is checked against the list of authorized numbers in the control access file. In the event that the number entered is not on the list, the core module  24  does not send an activation signal to the lock  30 . In contrast, if the number entered is on the list, the core module  24  generates and sends an appropriately encrypted signal to the decryptor  36 , which decrypts the message and sends a control signal to open the lock  30 .  
         [0022]    Each time a PIN is accepted and a command signal is generated and sent, the core module  24  records the PIN entered in a suitable log, together with the time at which it was entered. In this way, by subsequently referring to the log, it is possible to uniquely identify who opened the lock and when.  
         [0023]    The data for access control, that is the list of authorized PINs, and audit trail log could be stored within the core  24 . Alternatively, the data could be stored or maintained in the remote server  32  and transferred in real time between the server  32  and the core  24  as and when desired.  
         [0024]    The list of authorized PINs could be updated manually by service personnel at each ATM. Alternatively, when the ATM  10  is connected to a remote server  32 , the data could be up-dated remotely by server  32 .  
         [0025]    The lock  30  itself could be a solenoid device with, for example a 9V input to drive the lock. It would be easy to downgrade existing electronic locks to provide a suitable lock to do this cheaply. Electronic solenoid locks have a lockbolt. This is used to secure the safe door closed. By enabling the solenoid using a control signal from the core module  24 , the lockbolt can be moved to an open position. To allow this, the lock could have a simple handle to withdraw the lockbolt, once the lock&#39;s solenoid had been enabled. Alternatively the lock could be made with no handle at all, and the lockbolt could be withdrawn automatically when the solenoid is enabled. In either case, the solenoid of the lock firstly has to be enabled by an appropriate control signal from the core  24 .  
         [0026]    In order to provide additional security, a detector  38  may be provided in association with the lock  30  and/or the door  28  of the safe  26  for detecting tampering with the safe  26 . The detector  38  is connected to the core module  24  via the secure link  32  and is operable to send an alarm signal thereto when tampering is detected. In this case, it should be noted that a safe encryptor is provided for encrypting messages from the detector  38  to the core  24 . This could be provided separately or as part of the safe decryptor module  36 . In the event that tampering is detected, the detector  38  is operable to generate an alarm signal. This is sent to the safe encryptor, where it is encrypted and forwarded to the core processor  24 . Once received at the core  24 , the signal is decrypted and recognized as being an alarm. The core  24  may then activate an audible alarm. Alternatively, when the ATM  10  is networked, the core  24  may generate an alarm signal and send it to the remote server  32 , where appropriate action can be taken. In this way, the system can be adapted to provide a so-called silent alarm.  
         [0027]    As a further security measure, a spoiler mechanism  40  may be provided. This is adapted to cause damage to the contents of the safe  26  in the event that tampering is detected. The spoiler mechanism  40  may be operable to spray fluid over the contents of the safe  26 . The fluid may be such as to render the contents of the secure enclosure unusable. For example, the fluid may be paint. The spoiler mechanism  40  may be actuatable in response to a control command sent over the secure link  32  from the core module  24 . Alternatively, the control command may be generated by the detector  38  and sent directly to the spoiler mechanism  40 .  
         [0028]    There are various ways in which the ATM  10  in which the invention is embodied could be implemented. In one example, a CIT worker could access the ATM safe  26  using an access level card (not shown) that can be inserted into the card slot  20  and read by the conventional card reader. To do this, the authorized person would be provided with a card and a PIN to give a preliminary identity verification. He could then input the lock combination, possibly together with his own unique lock PIN, either from the lock keypad, or alternatively from the customer keypad or EOP. It should be noted that these latter options mean that there need be no external keypad on the safe door  28  at the lock  30 . As mentioned previously, audit trail data concerning times of access and personnel identity could be stored at the ATM, or transmitted immediately to the central server  32 . Once the lock  30  is released, the service personnel can replenish the safe  26 . After this is done, the safe door  28  is closed and the lock  30  is either manually or automatically moved to its secured position. Once this is done, a signal may be sent to the core  24  to confirm that the safe  26  is again secured.  
         [0029]    Because of the extensive processing capabilities of most ATMs, many useful security functions can be simply and efficiently implemented. For example, the core module  24  could set time windows for planned access for particular personnel. This means that access to the safe  26  by authorized personnel can be set so that they are only allowed to open the safe at certain times, e.g. for thirty minutes after bank closing. Alternatively, this time window could be set by the server  32  and downloaded to the core processor  24 . As an additional or alternative feature, verification of the person accessing the safe could be done by someone at the central server  32 , rather than by the core processor  24 . In this way, using the ATM network, there is provided a remote verification capability to allow the safe to be opened.  
         [0030]    Whilst in the example shown in FIG. 1, a separate decryptor  36  is mounted adjacent to the lock  30 , decryption could be done using a processor associated with or provided as part of the lock  30 . However, an advantage of having a separate decryptor  36  is that it makes scalability easier. This is because in a single network the ATMs may use a variety of different locks having different processing needs or requirements. For example a basic keypad lock might need very little decryption or processing whereas a high-end multi-function audit trail lock may permit better encryption/decryption capabilities. By having a separate decryptor all locks in a network can be retrofitted with the lock arrangement in which the invention is embodied, without having to take into account the capabilities of the existing locks. A further advantage of having a separate decryptor is that several locks could be run off it. This could be useful, because two locks are usually used on high security safes.  
         [0031]    The present invention has many advantages. It provides a very cheap electronic lock for safes and high security ATM applications, using the extensive processing capabilities of the ATM to become multi-functional. Additionally, it can be scaled up to become a high-end audit trail lock at little extra cost. Furthermore, direct communication with a central server allows remote audit; remote enable; remote user PIN change after preset time; remote user enable/disable; remote monitoring, including lock status, alarm signals etc; remote authentications, including who, what and when; and remote updates. For example, the remote server could up-date allowable time windows for opening, remote enabling of new authorized personnel at the ATM, and totally remote locking. In addition, it is easy to program in time delays, an anti-hold-up alarm, that is a silent alarm, dual access codes, and verification codes that are indicative of task completion by CIT or serviceman. Furthermore, the arrangement provides for the control of two or more locks via one processing and encryption package.  
         [0032]    Using the ATM in-built processing capability means that the bank does not need to manage a network for the ATMs controlled at the server, and an additional, separate network controlled by their CIT and servicing organizations. Furthermore, using existing, in-built processing capability means that the lock can incorporate most audit trail and high security lock functions available today, at a fraction of the cost. As well as this it can be used as an intelligent hub to monitor and distribute alarm signals and can be used as the initiator for spoiling/degradation devices in the event of intrusion. Furthermore, no special hardware is needed for print-outs of any audit trail information, instead the standard ATM printer can be used.  
         [0033]    A skilled person will appreciate that variations of the disclosed arrangements are possible without departing from the invention. For example, whilst the invention has been described with reference to an ATM, it will be appreciated that it could be used in any system that has processing capability that is provided for one function, which processing capability can be extended to be used to control a lock for an associated secure enclosure, such as a safe. For example, the invention may be used in slot machines or vending machines, each of which may include processors for controlling functionality, but also need a secure enclosure for holding money input by users. Accordingly, the above description of a specific embodiment is made by way of example only and not for the purposes of limitation. It will be clear to the skilled person that minor modifications may be made without significant changes to the operation described.