Abstract:
A hand attachable drainage valve having diagonally opposite ears with inwardly curved finger grasping areas between the ears to permit user with either larger or small hands to find a gripping postion that is comfortable for the user&#39;s fingers to grasp and guide the drainage valve into threaded engagement with the irrigation pipe and rotatingly secure the drainage valve to an irrigation pipe through hand pressure.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims priority from provisional application 60/136,093 filed May 26, 1999. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relaters generally to drain valves and more specifically to an ergonomic irrigation drain valve that include a set of ears and finger reliefs that permit the drainage valve to easily be attached and comfortably secured by persons with either large hands or small hands. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The concept of irrigation drain valves is old in the art. One of the earlier drain valves that is attached by threads to a pipe is shown in King Sr. patent U.S. Pat. No. 4,890,640. In patent 4,890,640 a dispersal pad is attached to a flange projecting from the center of the drain valve. Located on the opposite side of the drain valve is a threaded nipple end for engaging a threaded recess. In field installation of these drain valves the user grasps the edges of the circular rim in one hand while guiding the threaded nipple end into a threaded recess in an irrigation pipe. As the outside diameter of the drain valves are generally on the order of about 2 inches in diameter and the size and finger span of users vary it may or may not be equally comfortable or easy for persons of different hand sizes to grasp the edge of the pad area while attempting to guide the nipple into the threaded recess. Once engaged, the operator hand tightens the drain valve by rotating the pad end of the drain valve. To facilitate hand tightening some drain valves have included spike like radial projections on the edged of the housing for the user to engage. 
     The present invention provides an ergonomic drain valve that is easy to grasp by persons with either small or large hands so that the nipple on the drain valve can be easily guided into the irrigation system and once engaged the drain valve can easily be hand tightened. 
       
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,953,581 discloses a self drain valve for threadingly engaging a threaded recess with the drain valve having a circular pad housing with radial protrusions thereon for threadingly engaging a threaded recess. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4.890,640 discloses a drain valve for threadingly engaging a threaded recess with the drain valve having a circular pad housing and no radial protrusions. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 3,267,960 shows a drain valve for threadingly engaging a threaded recess with the drain valve having a hexagonal shaped head. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,640,991 shows a drain valve that is spike attached to an irrigation pipe with the drain valve having a circular pad housing 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Briefly, the invention comprises a hand attachable drainage valve having diagonally opposite ears with inwardly curved finger relief areas between the ears to permit a user with either large or small hands to find a gripping postion that is ergonomically comfortable for the user fingers so the user can guide the drainage valve into threaded engagement with an irrigation pipe and then rotatingly secure the drainage valve to an irrigation pipe through hand pressure. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a partial side view of a hand attachable drainage valve; 
     FIG. 2 is a top view of the hand attachable drainage valve of FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the hand attachable drainage valve of FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 4 is a top view of the hand attachable drainage valve of FIG. 1 held in dominate finger guide postion; 
     FIG. 5 is a top view of the hand attachable drainage valve of FIG. 1 held by fingers and thumb in the relief areas; and 
     FIG. 6 is a top view of the hand attachable drainage valve of FIG. 1 held between a finger and thumb. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     FIG. 1 is a partial side view of a hand attachable drainage valve  10  having a housing  25  with a threaded neck or nipple  11  for engaging a threaded recess in an irrigation pipe. Housing  25  comprises a flange that extends radially outward from the neck to form a support for a circular drain pad  30 . A screen  21  is located on the top of neck  11  to prevent dirt from entering into the drainage valve. Housing  25  has a thickness designated by “w” with the thickness sufficient so that a user can comfortably grasp and squeeze the drainage valve as the drainage valve is hand connected to an irrigation system. Typically, housing  25  has a thickness on the order of ¼ of an inch or more. Preferably housing  25  is made from a polymer plastic such as PVC. 
     FIG. 2 is a top view of the hand attachable drainage valve of FIG. 1 showing the housing  25  with the four protruding ears  12 ,  14 ,  16  and  19  with ears  14  and  19  and ears  12  and  16  located diagonally opposite of each other. Each of the ears have an outward curve or convex shape and an outside edge that extends along a radius R 2  over a circumferential distance indicated by C 1 . Located between the ears are a set of inwardly curving finger grasping areas or finger reliefs  13 ,  15 ,  18  and  20  with finger relief  13  and  18  and finger relief  15  and  20  located opposite of each other. Each of the finger relief areas have an inward curve or concave shape and an outside edge that curves outward from a radius R 1  to the outside radius R 2  over a circumferential distance indicated by C 2 . The finger reliefs are generally characterized by a concave region while the ears are generally characterized by a convex shape so that the housing generally exhibits a square shape. For providing enhanced gripping each of the finger reliefs have parallel, spaced friction ridges  29  thereon. Thus each of ears  12 ,  14 ,  16  and  19  form an outer peripheral region of housing  25  which, if desired, can be grasped by a finger of a user and each of finger reliefs  13 ,  15 ,  18  and  20  extend along an inner peripheral region of housing  25  to form inwardly curved areas that can be comfortably grasped by a user. Thus the peripheral region of flange  25  is such that there are comfortable finger engaging areas along the entire peripheral region even though the finger reliefs are integral therewith. 
     FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the hand attachable drainage valve of FIG. 1 showing the drainage pad  30  which is heat sealed to the polymer plastic housing as indicted by ridge  31 . A central circular member  33  extends downward around the periphery of the drainage pad. The minimum radius of the finger relief areas  13 ,  15 ,  18  and  20  is designated by R 1  and the radius of curvature of the ears  12 ,  14 ,  16  and  19  are designated by R 2  with the radius R 2  greater than R 1 ′. 
     FIGS. 4,  5  and  6  illustrate the multiple gripping postion of ergonomic drain valve  10 . FIG. 4 illustrates a three finger and thumb grip with an index finger  30  positioned on ear  19 , a first interior finger  31  positioned on relief area  18 , a second finger  32  positioned on relief  15  and a thumb  35  positioned on relief  13 . The postion shown in FIG. 4 enables the index finger to provide a stronger influence since it is positioned at the larger radius and therefor the torque applied by index finger  30  is enhanced. As the index finger is usually a dominate or more controllable finger it allows the user to provide enhanced guidance in engaging the nipple to the threaded recess. Some users will find this postion a more comfortable hand postion to attach and secure drain valve  10 . 
     FIG. 5 illustrates a second grasping postion wherein index finger  30  engages relief area  20 , a first interior finger  31  is positioned on relief area  18 , a second relief finger  32  positioned on relief area  15  and thumb  35  engages relief area  35 . Some users will find this postion more comfortable to attach and secure drain valve  10  since the fingers are spaced circumferentially around the drain valve. 
     FIG. 6 shows a third grasping position on drain valve  10  wherein drain valve  10  is supported between index finger  30  and thumb  35  of a user. That is, index finger  30  engages relief area  18  and thumb  35  engages relief area  13 . As the curvature of the inward curved relief areas generally match the convex shape of the users finger and thumb, a user with a large hand can grasp the valve with two fingers and quite easily engage the nipple with a threaded recess as well as secure the drain valve to the irrigation pipe. Some users will find this postion a more comfortable postion to attach and secure drain valve  10  since only a finger and thumb are used to secure the drain valve. 
     Thus it will be appreciated that the drain valve of the provides for multiple hand hold positions to provide the most ergonomic grip for a users hand. Consequently, even large or small hands can easily and comfortably engage and secure the drain valve to an irrigation pipe. It should be pointed out that an irrigation field may contain hundreds of drain valves and reducing the hand and wrist stress in application of the drain valves is welcomed by those in the field. 
     In summary, in operation of the drainage valve the user grasp the finger relief areas or the ears with the fingers of one hand and guides the nipple end  11  into threaded engagement with a connector on an underground water system. The width and spacing of the finger relief areas allow a person to adopt a hand postion that enable the user to easily grasp and twist the drainage valve so that the drainage valve can be finger tightened onto the connector. It should be pointed out that while four finger relief areas and four ears are included more or less ears or finger relief areas could be used with the drain valve; however, for the most ergonomically adaptable it is preferred to have at least two finger relief areas.