Abstract:
An archery training system provides an archer the ability to safely condition psychologically and physically without the need of a bow and arrow while maintaining the sensation of using a bow and arrow. The archery training system is easily portable or stowed, and offers a combination of variables replicating the activity of compound bow shooting, such as a counter balanced replication of a grasped bow while drawing a bowstring, the utilization of accessory bow sights for target acquisition and aiming, the adjustability to accommodate the various hand grip styles unique to each archer, and immediate visual feedback to performance or shooting technique.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims the benefit of the filing date of U.S. Provisional Patent Application 62/009,050 entitled “Mechanical Release Archery Training Device” to Justin D. Tafoya, filed on Jun. 6, 2014, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     Aspects of this document relate generally to archery and, more specifically, to an archery training system. 
     BACKGROUND 
     In 2012, the Archer Trade Association (ATA) conducted the first nationwide archery survey. The ATA reported that 18.9 million Americans age 18 and older participated in archery and/or bow hunting that year. This number has only increased since then. The New York Times reported in 2008 that 90% of “elite archers” would suffer from target panic at least once in their lifetime. If the 2008 rate of target panic held true for those archers surveyed in 2012 by the ATA, then approximately 17 million of those active archers would suffer from target panic. 
     Archery, like many sports, requires training of the mind and muscles. Repetitive conditioning of these two characteristics by an archer will facilitate the development of muscle memory, psychological confidence, and the proper body mechanics required to achieve desired arrow placement when shot at a target. Target panic is a psychological condition that causes the archer to prematurely shoot the arrow or actuate the mechanical release aid trigger prior to desired target acquisition, thereby, debilitating the archer from being able accurately and confidently place sight pins on target. There are various recommendations to resolving target panic that require the use of a bow and arrow. However, the recommendations do not alleviate the psychological impairments associated with physically shooting an arrow and risking an undesired flight path of an arrow or missing the target altogether. 
     Other common problems or challenges archers experience in addition to target panic include “punching” of the mechanical release aid trigger, muscle fatigue, and inadequate personal time to condition mentally and physically. “Punching” of an archer&#39;s trigger release aid occurs when the archer is unable to steady the sights pins on target and the archer rapidly triggers the release aid as the desired pin passes through the target. Muscle fatigue is associated with the amount of time an archer is able to dedicate to training in the activity of archery and the availability of training resources. 
     Archers cannot practice shooting their bow without nocking and then shooting an arrow. If an archer dry fires a compound bow (i.e., shooting the bow without using an arrow), the bow will most likely be damaged or ruined. Dry firing an actual bow creates atypical stresses and often results in breaking or damaging the bow string, cracking or shattering the bows limbs, damaging the cams, or other harm. 
     Conventional devices exist to try to help archers develop proper shooting form and muscle strength, control and memory. Thus, archers are able to dry fire these devices to practice archery without actually shooting an arrow. However, these devices are lengthy, or they are bulky mechanisms that attach to a bow or have their own handles. Such devices are not easily portable or stowed, and do not offer a combination of variables replicating the activity of compound bow shooting, such as a counter balanced replication of a grasped bow while drawing a bowstring, the utilization of accessory bow sights for target acquisition and aiming, the adjustability to accommodate the various hand grip styles unique to each archer, and immediate visual feedback to performance or shooting technique. 
     Applicants believe that the material incorporated above is “non-essential” in accordance with 37 CFR §1.57, because it is referred to for purposes of indicating the background of the disclosure or illustrating the state of the art. However, if the Examiner believes that any of the above-incorporated material constitutes “essential material” within the meaning of 37 CFR §1.57(c)(1)-(3), applicants will amend the specification to expressly recite the essential material that is incorporated by reference as allowed by the applicable rules. 
     SUMMARY 
     Aspects of this document relate generally to an archery training system that provides an archer the ability to safely condition psychologically and physically without the need of a bow and arrow while maintaining the sensation of using a bow and arrow. An archery training system that is easily portable or stowed, and offers a combination of variables replicating the activity of compound bow shooting, such as a counter balanced replication of a grasped bow while drawing a bowstring, the utilization of accessory bow sights for target acquisition and aiming, the adjustability to accommodate the various hand grip styles unique to each archer, and immediate visual feedback to performance or shooting technique. 
     Aspects and applications of the disclosure are described below with reference to the DRAWINGS and the DETAILED DESCRIPTION. Unless specifically noted, it is intended that the words and phrases in the specification and the claims be given their plain, ordinary, and accustomed meaning to those of ordinary skill in the applicable arts. The inventor is fully aware that he can be his own lexicographer if desired. The inventor expressly elects, as his own lexicographer, to use only the plain and ordinary meaning of terms in the specification and claims unless they clearly state otherwise and then further, expressly set forth the “special” definition of that term and explain how it differs from the plain and ordinary meaning Absent such clear statements of intent to apply a “special” definition, it is the inventor&#39;s intent and desire that the simple, plain and ordinary meaning to the terms be applied to the interpretation of the specification and claims. 
     The inventor is also aware of the normal precepts of English grammar. Thus, if a noun, term, or phrase is intended to be further characterized, specified, or narrowed in some way, then such noun, term, or phrase will expressly include additional adjectives, descriptive terms, or other modifiers in accordance with the normal precepts of English grammar. Absent the use of such adjectives, descriptive terms, or modifiers, it is the intent that such nouns, terms, or phrases be given their plain, and ordinary English meaning to those skilled in the applicable arts as set forth above. 
     The foregoing and other aspects, features, and advantages will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the DETAILED DESCRIPTION, DRAWINGS, and the CLAIMS. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Implementations will hereinafter be described in conjunction with the following DRAWINGS (which are not necessarily to scale), where like designations denote like elements, and: 
         FIG. 1  is a front perspective drawing of an implementation of an archery training system. 
         FIG. 2  is a rear perspective drawing of the implementation of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  is a front view showing the face of the archery training system according to the implementation in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 4  is a rear perspective exploded view of the implementation of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 5  is a depiction of a user dry firing an archery training system at an actual or virtual target according to the implementations of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 6  depicts implementations of an archery training system including electrical components. 
         FIG. 7  shows various implementations of an electronic sight according to the implementations of  FIG. 6 . 
         FIG. 8  shows a circuit diagram of various implementations of an archery training system including electrical components according to the implementations of  FIG. 6 . 
         FIG. 9  depicts additional implementations of an archery training system including electrical components such as a motorized tensioner. 
         FIG. 10  is a detailed view of the tensioning area according to the implementations of  FIG. 9 . 
         FIG. 11  is a first detailed view of a motorized tensioner according to the implementations of  FIG. 9 . 
         FIG. 12  is a second detailed view of a motorized tensioner according to the implementations of  FIG. 9 . 
         FIG. 13  illustrates an archery training system used with an electronic simulator. 
         FIG. 14  illustrates an archery training system used with a video game. 
         FIG. 15  depicts an exploded side perspective view of implementations of a rod tensioner. 
         FIG. 16  depicts a side perspective view of implementations of a rod tensioner according to the implementations of  FIG. 15 . 
         FIG. 17  depicts perspective views of implementations of an archery training system with a rod tensioner according to the implementations of  FIG. 15 . 
         FIGS. 18A-20  illustrate various implementations of a fixed interconnector. 
         FIG. 21  illustrates a rear perspective view of various implementations of an archery training system with fixed interconnectors according to the implementations of  FIGS. 18A-20 . 
         FIGS. 22-24  illustrate various implementations of a fixed interconnector. 
         FIG. 25  illustrates a rear perspective view of various implementations of an archery training system with fixed interconnectors according to the implementations of  FIGS. 22-24 . 
         FIGS. 26A-29  illustrate various implementations of an adjustable interconnector. 
         FIG. 30  illustrates a rear perspective view of various implementations of an archery training system with adjustable interconnectors according to the implementations of  FIGS. 26-29 . 
         FIG. 31  is a perspective view of an archery strength trainer. 
         FIGS. 32-37  illustrate various views and implementations of an archery release aid configured to mimic the finger positioning of a traditional bow. 
         FIG. 38  is a rear perspective exploded view of a stabilizer. 
         FIG. 39  is a side exploded view of a stabilizer according to the implementations of  FIG. 38 . 
         FIG. 40  is a rear perspective view of a stabilizer bracket of a stabilizer according to the implementations of  FIG. 38 . 
         FIG. 41  is a side view of a stabilizer bracket according to the implementations of  FIG. 40 . 
         FIG. 42  is a front perspective view of a stabilizer bracket according to the implementations of  FIG. 40 . 
         FIG. 43  is a front view of a stabilizer bracket according to the implementations of  FIG. 40 . 
         FIG. 44  is a side exploded view of a handle structure coupled with a stabilizer according to the implementations of  FIG. 38 . 
         FIG. 45  is a side view of a handle structure coupled with a stabilizer according to the implementations of  FIG. 38 . 
         FIG. 46  is a front perspective exploded view of a handle structure coupled with a stabilizer according to the implementations of  FIG. 38 . 
         FIG. 47  is a front perspective view of a handle structure coupled with a stabilizer according to the implementations of  FIG. 38 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying DRAWINGS which form a part hereof, and which show by way of illustration possible implementations. Moreover, numerous specific details are set forth below in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various aspects of the disclosure. It will be understood, however, by those skilled in the relevant arts, that the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, known structures and devices are shown or discussed more generally in order to avoid obscuring the disclosure. In many cases, a description of the operation is sufficient to enable one to implement the various forms of the disclosure. As a matter of convenience, various components will be described using exemplary materials, sizes, shapes, dimensions, and the like. However, this document is not limited to the stated examples and other configurations are possible and within the teachings of the present disclosure. 
     The disclosed archery training system may assist archers improve shooting technique, improve performance and confidence, build muscle memory and strength, and overcome archery-related psychological impairments like “target panic.” The archery training system may come with its own or may include the archer&#39;s own mechanical release aid and/or own bow sight attached, which offers the option of safely training “dry fire” archery practice without the need of a bow and arrow. Accordingly, the disclosed archery training system allows archers to practice critical elements of archery without damaging their bows. There are many features of the archery training system and method implementations disclosed herein, of which one, a plurality, or all features or steps may be used in any particular implementation. 
       FIGS. 1-5  illustrate an archery training system  1  according to some implementations.  FIGS. 1 and 2  are, respectively, front and rear perspective drawings of an implementation of the archery training system  1 .  FIG. 3  is a front view showing the face of the archery training system  1  and  FIG. 4  is a rear perspective exploded view.  FIG. 5  is a depiction of an archery training system  1  used with an actual or virtual target. Similarities between the look, weight, balance, response, and feel of the archery training system  1  and actual compound or traditional bows may be intentionally added to help the user more effectively physically and mentally train through dry firing archery training system  1  to become a better archer when using an actual bow and arrow. 
     Archery training system  1  may include a handle structure  10 , top resistance band  90 , and optionally a bottom resistance band  92 . Handle structure  10  is held by a user at handle  26  in a fashion similar to a compound bow or a traditional bow by having the long axis of the handle structure  10  held approximately orthogonal to the horizon and approximately parallel to the long axis of the user&#39;s body. For ease of reference, handle structure  10  is described in terms of three general areas of handle structure  10  that are not necessarily mutually exclusive: the housing unit  30 , the handle area  20 , and the tensioning area  40 . 
     Archery training system  1  may include the following components: a molded or shaped handle structure  10 ; a balancer  60  attached to the handle structure  10 ; a top resistance band  90  with a distal section  94  coupled to a top interconnector  91  and a proximate section  95  that feeds through the balancer  60  entering the rear, exiting the face, feeding through handle structure  10  via top port  22  and bottom port  24  and is secured to the top tensioner  70 ; a bottom resistance band  92  with a distal section  96  coupled to a bottom interconnector  93  and a proximate section  97  that is secured to the bottom tensioner  72 ; and a sight window  31  having a right sight post  32  and a left sight post  36  with sight guide holes  33 ,  34 ,  37 , and  38  and housing sight mount inserts  67 , which are available for attaching an archer&#39;s bow sight or other sighting device (see, sight  100  of  FIG. 5 ). Either one or both of top interconnector  91  and bottom interconnector  93  may contain a flexible or rigid loop, which may be adapted to be engaged by an archery release aid  85 . In some implementations, the handle structure is shaped or curved to mimic the look, feel, or weight of a compound or traditional bow. 
     The housing unit  30  of handle structure  10  houses the balancer  60  within the sight window  31 . The sight window  31  allows the user to view a target in front of the archery training system  1  with or without the aid of a sight  100  attached to the housing unit  30 . The balancer  60  is designed to mount between right sight post  32  and left sight post  36  and articulate vertically within sight window  31  by two threaded bolts  65  connected to the balancer “T”  64  through washers  66  and guide holes  35  and  39 . The balancer pass-through  62  of balancer  60  is hollow to allow the top resistance band  90  to freely pass through it as the user draws back on the one or both resistance bands  90  and  92 . 
     The user may optionally attach a sight  100  to the right or left sight posts  32  and  36 . The most common sights  100  have a ring housing several pins, but numerous variations of sights  100  are commercially available. Many sights  100  have standardized spacing of holes to couple with a bow (or handle structure  10 ). The spacing of sight guide holes  33  and  34  as well as sight guide holes  37  and  38  may be spaced to easily couple with the standardized spacing of sight  100  or an adapter. A sight  100  coupled to handle structure  10  may be, for example, the user&#39;s own bow sight utilized for hunting, a practice bow sight, or a bow sight specifically designed for the archery training system  1 , such as a mechanical trainer sight, an electrical trainer sight, and/or a video game trainer sight. All of these sights, and other sights sold for use with a bow, are contemplated when we use the terms “sight” or “bow sight” herein.  FIG. 5  illustrates an implementation employing a sight  100  attached to the housing unit  30  of the handle structure  10 . 
     Referring still to  FIGS. 1-5 , the handle area  20  allows the user to grip the handle structure  10  at handle  26  with the non-shooting (i.e., the hand not used to draw back a string and arrow, which is often the user&#39;s non-dominant hand). Handle  26  may be shaped to be held by either the left or right hand of the user to freely accommodate the user&#39;s preferred shooting hand. Alternative implementations utilize a handle  26  shaped specifically for either one hand or the other. Handle area  20  contains a hollow section  23  through handle  26 , which is open at the top and bottom, respectively, via top port  22  and bottom port  24 . Hollow section  23  and ports  22  and  24  are sufficiently large to allow top resistance band  90  to freely pass through, or of a larger diameter if additional larger elements are attached to top resistance band  90  (e.g., interconnectors  200  or  220  as shown in  FIGS. 18A-31 ). 
     Stabilizer connector  45  houses threaded stabilizer insert  52  positioned approximately orthogonal to the long axis of handle structure  10 , which allows the user to optionally attach a variety of different bow stabilizers (e.g., stabilizer  280  as shown in  FIGS. 38-47 ) to handle structure  10  to more accurately mimic the feel of shooting a real bow with an attached stabilizer. Stabilizers are commercially available in many different sizes, shapes, and weights, and many utilize a standardized threaded connector, which may couple with the threaded stabilizer insert  52 . Stabilizers may improve bow performance in one or more of the following ways: reducing torque, moving the center of gravity, improving the moment of inertia, helping to keep a bow steady when shooting, dampening vibrations, and reducing hand shock. In some implementations, a stabilizer according stabilizer  280  of  FIG. 38  may be implemented. In further implementations, the user may connect additional accessories to stabilizer connector  45  other than a stabilizer (e.g., strength training weights, wrist slings, and the like). 
     The tensioning area  40  of handle structure  10  includes top tensioner  70  and bottom tensioner  72 . Top spool  73  of top tensioner  70  couples with the proximate section  95  of top resistance band  90 . Top adjustment knob  75  axially bisects and physically engages via hex shape key and lock style mechanism with top spool  73 , passes through washers  77  and hollow top tensioner guide hole  49 , and terminates in a twisting nut  79 . The user can select the amount of tension for the top resistance band  90  by rotating the top adjustment knob  75  counterclockwise and then inserting locking pin  80 . Locking pin  80  is configured to lock the position of top tensioner  70  by passing through one or more sets of holes in top spool  73  and into top locking pin housing  50 . 
     In a relatively similar fashion, bottom spool  74  of bottom tensioner  72  couples with the proximate section  97  of bottom resistance band  92 . Bottom spool  74  is housed in the space provided by the bottom tensioner slot  41 . Bottom adjustment knob  76  axially bisects and physically engages via hex shape key and lock style mechanism with bottom spool  74 ; passes through hollow bottom tensioner guide holes  43  and  47 , washers  77 , and bushing  78 ; and terminates in a twisting nut  79 . The user may adjust the amount of tension for the bottom resistance band  92  by rotating the bottom adjustment knob  76  counterclockwise and then inserting locking pin  80 . Locking pin  80  is configured to lock the position of bottom tensioner  72  by passing through bottom locking pin housing  44 , one or more sets of holes in bottom spool  74 , and bottom locking pin housing  48 . 
     Top resistance band  90  and bottom resistance band  92  may be tubular elastic bands made of rubber elastomer (e.g., such as surgical tubing or athletic resistance bands). The top interconnector  91  at the distal section  94  of top resistance band  90  and the bottom interconnector  93  at the distal section  96  of bottom resistance band  92  may be left unattached and freely move when the archery trainer device  1  is not being used. Interconnectors  91  and  93  may have looped ends designed for release aids. During dry firing, distal sections  94  and  96  of resistance bands  90  and  92  will be located near the user&#39;s torso and shooting hand. Handle structure  10  and balancer  60  are configured such that, when fully drawn during dry firing, top resistance band  90  (or at least most of the full length of top resistance band  90  are) positioned substantially orthogonal to the long axis of handle structure  10  (e.g., positioned at 90°±20°; 90°±15°; or 90°±10°). Top resistance band  90  freely moves through balancer pass-through  62  of balancer  60 , which articulates vertically by pivoting around the axis of bolts  65  and guide holes  35  and  39 . Upon exiting the front of balancer  60 , the top resistance band  90  bends downwards and passes through hollow section  23  to couple to top tensioner  70 . Thus, the top resistance band  90  roughly aligns parallel with the long axis of the handle structure  10  as it passes through hollow section  23  (i.e., within about ±30° of being parallel). 
     The resistance bands  90  and  92  may be of sufficient strength to be able to support the resistive forces created by expansion thereof. This force may be approximately 1-70 pounds. However, in alternate implementations, different resistance bands  90  and  92  may be used which result in variances of resistive force, also referred to herein as tension. Additionally, in other implementations, the resistance bands  90  and  92  may be replaced by other types of pressure, compression, and/or tension devices or items that provide similar levels of resistive force/tension. For example, one or both of resistance bands  90  and  92  may be rigid or flexible bands attached to a flywheel, cam, or other resistance device. 
     It may be noted that the top resistance band  90  may be approximately 15-31 inches in length and the bottom resistance band  92  may be approximately 13-29 inches in length to enable adequate adjustment of tension and draw length. In one implementation, the top resistance band  90  is about 31 inches in length and the bottom resistance band  92  is about 29 inches in length. Further, the length of interconnectors  91  and  93  of the resistance bands  90  and  92  may be approximately 0.2 to 4 inches (e.g., 1 inch). Other sizes of tensioners and lengths of bands can work. 
     The top and bottom spools  73  and  74  are sufficiently wide for resistance bands  90  and  92  to spool around an inner diameter, and have an inner diameter of approximately 0.3-2.5 inches and an outer diameter (for each side of the spool) of approximately 0.7-4.0 inches. In one implementation, top spool  73  has an inner diameter of about 0.5 inches and an outer diameter of about 1.5 inches, while bottom spool  74  has an inner diameter of about 1.5 inches and an outer diameter of about 2.0 inches. The proximate ends of resistance bands  90  and  92  may fixedly or loosely attach to spools  73  and  74  in a variety of ways, such as: screws and plates, screws, a slot in the inner diameter of the spool  73  or  74 , tying the resistance band  90  or  92  around the inner diameter, adhesives, a notch or bight, and so forth. 
     Handle structure  10  may be approximately 14-24 inches tall, or in some implementations, approximately 16-19 inches tall (e.g., 17.5 inches). Handle structure  10  may be approximately 1-3 inches wide and 1-3.5 inches deep at the top tensioner guide hole  49  (e.g., 1.3 inches wide by 1.5 inches deep), and approximately 2-4 inches wide at the sight window  31  (e.g., 2.5 inches) (where “wide” is the x-axis and “deep” is the z-axis when viewing the face of the handle structure  10 ). The opening in handle structure  10  created by sight window  31  may be approximately 1.5-3.0 inches wide by 4-8 inches tall (e.g., 2.1 inches wide by 5.75 inches tall). Right and left sight posts  32  and  36  may each be approximately 0.15-0.9 inches wide (e.g., 0.4 inches). Balancer  60  may have a diameter of about 0.3-0.9 inches, be approximately 1.2-2.8 inches wide (at the balancer “T”  64 ), and be approximately 2-6 inches deep (i.e., the length of the balancer pass-through  62 ). In one implementation, the balancer  60  has a diameter of 0.5 inches, a width of 2 inches, and a depth of 4.25 inches. The free space of hollow section  23  may have a minimum diameter of at least 0.25-1.3 inches (e.g., 0.5 inches), and may have a circular, elliptical, oblong, rectangular, or other shaped cross-section. Bottom tensioner slot  41  may be approximately 0.5-1.8 inches wide by 2-4 inches tall (e.g., 0.7 inches wide by 3 inches tall) and sized sufficient to house the bottom spool  74 . Right and left tensioner posts  42  and  46  may each be approximately 0.15-0.9 inches wide (e.g., 0.3 inches). 
     The dimensions of the handle structure  10  and other disclosed elements are related to the materials used to construct the elements in addition to attributes of the intended user. As such, the disclosed dimensions are anticipated to change by some degree depending on material choice and user attributes (e.g., differing sizes based on the user&#39;s age, gender, ability, or preference). For example, a child&#39;s version may be smaller than an adult version and possibly even smaller than the ranges of dimensions disclosed for handle structure  10  above. 
     It should be known that the terms nut, bolt, insert, and knob are used to cover all types of external or internal threaded items that can be substituted and used herein. It should also be known that the term looped is used to cover all types of ropes, strings, cables, wire, rings, or other items such that can be substituted and used herein, which may range from flexible to rigid. In addition, it should be known that the term resistance band is used to cover all types of elastic and items creating tension that can be substituted and used herein. 
     Handle structure  10  may be manufactured from plastic, wood, laminates, metal, fiber reinforced plastics (e.g., carbon or glass fibers in acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (“ABS”) plastic), or another sturdy material. The balancer  60  may likewise be manufactured from a variety of materials, such as plastics (e.g., ABS), metals, and so forth. The top resistance band  90  and bottom resistance band  92  may be manufactured from rubber, latex, or another elastic material. For the purposes of this disclosure, we focus on resistance bands  90  and  92  constructed using elastomer tubing or cables made from rubber or latex, but other elastic materials are available (e.g., sheathed elastic cords, elastic straps, and so on). Both resistance bands  90  and  92  may be constructed using the same materials, or may also use different materials. The top and bottom interconnectors  91  and  93  may be flexible or rigid and may be manufactured from plastic, metal, nylon, or another material with good properties for interconnectors, cords, loops, or rings. The disclosed threaded and non-threaded: bolts, nuts, washers, pins, inserts, bushings, and knobs (e.g., threaded bolts  65 , washers  66 , and sight mount inserts  67 ) may be manufactured from one or more machined metal (e.g., stainless steel, aluminum, brass, etc.), plastic, or another sturdy material. For example, the adjustment knobs  75  and  76  may have a stainless steel threaded shaft with an ABS plastic handle portion. The top and bottom spools  73  and  74  may be manufactured from metal (e.g., aluminum), plastic, or another sturdy material. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates a user dry firing an archery training system  1 . In operation, a user of the archery training system  1  will grasp the handle structure  10  with the non-shooting hand, meaning the left hand if the user shoots right-handed or the right hand if the user shoots left-handed. With the other hand (i.e., the shooting hand) the user will engage a release aid  85  to one or both interconnectors  91  and  93  of resistance bands  90  and  92 . If the release aid  85  is a version using a one-sided hook, then the user will feed the looped end of top interconnector  91  through the looped end of bottom interconnector  93  and attach the hooked-version release aid  85  to looped end of top interconnector  91 . A clasp-style release aid  85  can be attached in the same manner or clasped around looped ends of both interconnectors  91  and  93  at the same time. Then the user fully extends the arm grasping the handle structure  10  so that the balancer  60  is positioned roughly perpendicularly to the user&#39;s body for example. The user&#39;s hand with the release aid  85  (normally used to draw a bowstring) draws rearward from the handle structure  10  expanding resistance bands  90  and  92 , thereby mimicking the motion and feel of drawing a bowstring. When the top resistance band  90  exposed from the balancer  60  expands rearward relative to the handle structure  10 , thereby creating weighted tension approximately equal to the draw weight of a fully drawn bowstring (e.g., approximately 1-70 pounds, 1-40 pounds, 3-30 pounds, or 3-22 pounds). When the bottom resistance band  92  expands rearward relative to the handle structure  10 , it creates weighted tension counterbalancing the force or tension generated by an expanded top resistance band  90  (e.g., approximately 1-70 pounds, 1-40 pounds, 3-30 pounds, or 3-19 pounds). Bottom resistance band  92  may be adjusted to better counterbalance the handle structure  10  and/or the extended top resistance band  90  according to the user&#39;s preference and shooting style. When the user&#39;s release aid  85  is triggered to release interconnector  91  of top resistance band  90 , each resistance band will retract to original position in a safe and controlled manner. Application of the archery training system  1  as described will be repeated as desired to achieve muscle strengthening, psychological confidence, and shooting form enhancement specific to the manipulation of a release aid  85 . 
     Referring still to  FIGS. 1-5 , the user can adjust the tension of top resistance band  90  by removing locking pin  80  from the top locking pin housing  50 , loosening top adjustment knob  75 , rotating top spool  73  counterclockwise to increase tension or clockwise to decrease tension, tightening top adjustment knob  75 , and then inserting locking pin  80  through top spool  73  and into top locking pin housing  50 . In this manner, the user may rotate top spool  73  by turning top adjustment knob  75  a number of top turns  55  (e.g., 0.25 to 4.00 turns, 0.25 to 1.50 turns, etc.). The user can adjust the tension of bottom resistance band  92  by removing locking pin  80  from the bottom locking pin housings  44  and  48 , loosening bottom adjustment knob  76 , rotating bottom spool  74  counterclockwise to increase tension or clockwise to decrease tension, tightening bottom adjustment knob  76 , and then inserting locking pin  80  through bottom spool  74  and bottom locking pin housings  44  and  48 . In this manner, the user may rotate bottom spool  74  by turning bottom adjustment knob  76  a number of bottom turns  56  (e.g., 0.25 to 4.00 turns, 0.25 to 1.50 turns, etc.). The number of top turns  55  and number of bottom turns  56  are measured with respect to an original position of spools  73  and  74 . For example, spools  73  and  74  may be configured to turn in increments of 1/10, ⅛, ¼, or ½ of a turn (i.e., a full rotation of spools  73  or  74 ). 
     Thus, in operation, when the user holds handle structure  10  at handle  26  and then draws or pulls rearward with release aid  85  coupled to interconnectors  91  and  93 , resistance bands  90  and  92  both expand creating draw tension (by top resistance band  90 ) and counter tension (by bottom resistance band  92 ) to balance the handle structure  10 . When the release aid  85  is operated or triggered per manufacturer design, the resistance bands  90  and  92  retract to original size away from the user safely. Thus, the user may safely “dry fire” archery training system  1 . 
     Tables 1 and 2 below list examples according to some implementations of the resulting tension a user feels during dry firing of archery training system  1  depending on: the top draw length  98 , the bottom draw length  99 , the number of top turns  55 , and the number of bottom turns  56 . Table 1 lists the resulting tension the user feels from top resistance band  90  depending on the user&#39;s set top draw length  98  and the number of top turns  55  the user turned top spool  73  of top tensioner  70 . For example, with a top draw length  98  set to 26 inches, the user may change the tension from 9 pounds at the original position (i.e., top number of turns  55 =0.00 turns) to 12 pounds of tension by rotating top spool  73  counterclockwise by three quarters of a full rotation (i.e., top number of turns  55 =0.75 turns) (see Table 1). 
     
       
         
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Top 
                   
               
               
                 Draw 
                   
               
               
                 Length 
                 Top Spool 73 Rotated by_.__ Top Number of Turns 55 
               
             
          
           
               
                 98 (in 
                 0.00 
                 0.25 
                 0.50 
                 0.75 
                 1.00 
                 1.25 
                 1.50 
               
             
          
           
               
                 inches) 
                 Resulting Tension of Top Resistance Band 90 (in lbs.) 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 20″ 
                 3 
                 4 
                 5 
                 6 
                 7 
                 8 
                 9 
               
               
                 21″ 
                 4 
                 5 
                 6 
                 7 
                 8 
                 9 
                 10 
               
               
                 22″ 
                 5 
                 6 
                 7 
                 8 
                 9 
                 10 
                 11 
               
               
                 23″ 
                 6 
                 7 
                 8 
                 9 
                 10 
                 11 
                 12 
               
               
                 24″ 
                 7 
                 8 
                 9 
                 10 
                 11 
                 12 
                 13 
               
               
                 25″ 
                 8 
                 9 
                 10 
                 11 
                 12 
                 13 
                 14 
               
               
                 26″ 
                 9 
                 10 
                 11 
                 12 
                 13 
                 14 
                 15 
               
               
                 27″ 
                 10 
                 11 
                 12 
                 13 
                 14 
                 15 
                 16 
               
               
                 28″ 
                 11 
                 12 
                 13 
                 14 
                 15 
                 16 
                 17 
               
               
                 29″ 
                 12 
                 13 
                 14 
                 15 
                 16 
                 17 
                 18 
               
               
                 30″ 
                 13 
                 14 
                 15 
                 16 
                 17 
                 18 
                 19 
               
               
                 31″ 
                 14 
                 15 
                 16 
                 17 
                 18 
                 19 
                 20 
               
               
                 32″ 
                 15 
                 16 
                 17 
                 18 
                 19 
                 20 
                 21 
               
               
                 33″ 
                 16 
                 17 
                 18 
                 19 
                 20 
                 21 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Table 2 lists the resulting tension the user feels from bottom resistance band  92  depending on the user&#39;s set bottom draw length  99  and the number of bottom turns  56  the user turned bottom spool  74  of bottom tensioner  72 . For example, with a bottom draw length  99  set to 18 inches, the user may change the tension from 18 pounds at the original position (i.e., bottom number of turns  56 =0.00 turns) to 5 pounds of tension by rotating bottom spool  74  counterclockwise by one and one quarter rotations (i.e., bottom number of turns  56 =1.25 turns) (see Table 2). In other words, the original or start position of the bands the when the spools are turned counter clockwise until the top band is within 1 inch of the balancer opening. Then the initial adjustment for draw lengths 15″-19″ is clockwise thereby resulting in the measurements of Table 2. 
     
       
         
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Bottom 
                   
               
               
                 Draw 
                   
               
               
                 Length 
                 Bottom Spool 74 Rotated by_.__ Bottom Number of Turns 56 
               
             
          
           
               
                 99 (in 
                 0.00 
                 0.25 
                 0.50 
                 0.75 
                 1.00 
                 1.25 
                 1.50 
               
             
          
           
               
                 inches) 
                 Resulting Tension of Bottom Resistance Band 92 (in lbs.) 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 15″ 
                 15 
                 11 
                  9 
                 6 
                 5 
                 3 
                 nr 
               
               
                 16″ 
                 16 
                 12 
                 10 
                 7 
                 6 
                 4 
                 nr 
               
               
                 17″ 
                 17 
                 13 
                 11 
                 8 
                 7 
                 5 
                 4 
               
               
                 18″ 
                 18 
                 14 
                 12 
                 9 
                 8 
                 6 
                 5 
               
               
                 19″ 
                 19 
                 15 
                 13 
                 10  
                 9 
                 7 
                 6 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Tables 1 and 2 provide examples of possible tension settings for resistance bands  90  and  92 , but these values for tension may change if resistance bands  90  and  92  are constructed of different materials, have a thicker or thinner gage, tensioning elements are added or removed (e.g., adding elastic bands within a hollow tube), and so forth. 
     The total tension felt by the user is the sum of the tension from the top resistance band  90  and the tension from the bottom resistance band  92 . Tension can be measured by putting end loop  91  through end loop  93 , connecting a scale to end loop  91 , drawing rearward to each respective draw length in relationship to a tape measure for example, and reading the scale measurement respectively. 
     Many additional archery training system implementations are possible. For the exemplary purposes of this disclosure, some implementations include other enhancements, accessories, or add-ons aimed at furthering the user&#39;s experience and application of an archery training system, such as, but not limited to: Weighted threaded male bolts or alternate components that provide the user with vertical resistance similar to that experienced during the operation of a compound bow; Electronic bow sights including pins and electronic ports to connect enhancements, accessories, or add-ons; Electronic archery target or receiving unit; Electronic mechanical release aid or electronic push switch sleeve fitting various mechanical release aids on the market today; Electronic controller built into the handle structure; Electronic handgrip or electronic push switch handgrip adaptor; Archery training, entertainment, and competition video game controlled by the electronic bow sights, electronic handgrip, handle structure, and/or the electronic mechanical release aid; and/or Wrist sling. 
       FIG. 6  depicts implementations including electrical components. Archery training system  1  may be implemented as an electronic training system  3  by including components such as an electronic sight  101 . Sight  100  is coupled to either right sight post  32  (as shown) or left sight post  36 . In certain implementations, sight  100  is an electronic sight  101  having electronically enabled sight elements and/or the ability to interact with additional electronic components. 
     Grip sensor  120  is attached or incorporated into handle  26  of handle structure  10 . Grip sensor  120  is electrically coupled to grip switch  121  (see  FIG. 8 ) and may comprise, for example, a pressure plate that actuates or compresses to activate the electrical components of grip switch  121  when the user grips handle  26 . Grip sensor  120  electronically communicates with electronic sight  101  using the handle to sight bus  140 . 
     Electronic release aid  130  includes an electronic trigger  131  that is electrically coupled to a trigger switch  132  (see  FIG. 8 ). Electronic trigger  131  may electronically communicate with electronic sight  101  using the trigger to sight bus  141 . Electronic sight  101  and additional electronic components may, for example, include: electrically illuminated sight pins; positioning devices that interact with a video game, smart phone application, and the like. 
       FIG. 7  shows various implementations of electronic sight  101 . Electronic sight  101  includes a sight arm  102  attached to a sight ring  110  with at least one (three shown) sight pin  111  attached to and protruding inwards from sight ring  110 . Sight arm may include electronic circuitry  109  receiving power from a battery or other power source (not shown) located in battery slot  108 , all of which is housed within arm housing  103  and covered by arm cover  104 . Electronic sight  101  attaches to right sight post  32  using threaded bolts  106  that couple the sight arm  102  to bow sight guide holes  33  and  34  (using sight mount inserts  67 ). Bolts  106  can similarly attach electronic sight  101  to left sight post  36 . Bolts  106  can be configured to be hidden under arm cover  104  or alternatively be accessible to insert or be removed from bow sight guide holes  33  and  34  while arm cover  104  is fixedly mated with arm housing  103 . Arm cover  104  mates with arm housing  103  and is secured by bolt  112 . Battery slot  108  is covered by battery cover  105 , which is secured by bolt  107 . It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that in some implementations a bolt may be interchangeable with a screw or other removable fasteners. 
     Electronic circuitry  109  may include circuits, logic, firmware, and/or software to control electrical operation of one or more of the electrical and/or electromechanical elements of electronic training system  3 . For example, electronic circuitry  109  may include circuitry  115  and/or transmitter  116  of  FIG. 8 . In alternative implementations, electronic circuitry  109  performs a portion of these controlling functions while an additional controller circuit is incorporated in another area of electronic training system  3  (e.g., coupled to sight area  30 , handle area  20 , or tensioning area  40 ). In further alternative implementations, electronic circuitry  109  is omitted from electronic sight  101  altogether. 
       FIG. 8  shows a circuit diagram of various implementations of electronic training system  3 . Circuitry  115  powered by power source  118  may be implemented and assist a user in archery training. When the user dry fires electronic training system  3  by activating the electronic trigger  131  of electronic release aid  130 , trigger switch  132  is closed. In addition, the grip switch  121  of grip sensor  120  will have already been closed because the user is firmly holding the handle  26  in order to dry fire. With trigger switch  132  and grip switch  121  closed, an electronic pulse may initiate a sequence where transmitter  116  communicates wirelessly or in a wired fashion with receiving unit  117 . Such communication can be for motion tracking methods and other features and methods. 
       FIGS. 9-12  depict additional implementations including electrical components where archery training system  1  may be implemented as a motorized tensioner training system  5 . For example, either one or both of tensioners  70  and  72  may be replaced with a motorized tensioner  160 . Control panel  180  may operate and adjust the one or more motorized tensioner device  160  using a display screen (possibly a touch screen) and/or various buttons, knobs, switches, arrows, and the like. For example, the user may adjust the amount of tension up or down for one or both of resistance bands  90  and  92  (each coupled with a motorized tensioner  160 ) through the interface of control panel  180 . Battery supply  186  may also be added to provide power for control of motorized tensioners  160  or other electronically controlled elements. Electronic sight  101 , electronic release aid  130 , and grip sensor  120  may be electrically coupled to right hub  145  using sight bus  142 , trigger bus  143 , and handle bus  144 . Left hub  146  may also electrically couple electronic elements in certain embodiments, for example, such as when electronic sight  101  is coupled to left sight post  36 . While a wired system has been described, similar components can be configured to provide wireless communication and interaction. 
       FIG. 10  illustrates tensioning area  40  where motorized tensioners  160  can be housed in top recess  170  or bottom recess  171  formed within tensioning area  40  of handle structure  10 . Top and bottom recesses  170  and  171  may be sufficiently large to house motorized tensioners  160  that are attached permanently or are removably affixed to handle structure  10  such that the motorized tensioners  160  do not separate from handle structure  10  when the motorized tensioner training system  5  is dry fired by a user. 
       FIGS. 11 and 12  depict two exploded perspective views of the motorized tensioner  160 . Motorized tensioner  160  may contain a motor  162  located in housing  161  with cover plate  163  having an electronic port  164 . Wires  165  connect motor  162  to electronic port  164 . Drive shaft  168  of motor  162  is configured to protrude from housing  161 . Spool  166  couples with the drive shaft  168  of motor  162 , for example, by using bolt  167  to fixedly secure spool  166  to drive shaft  168 . Spool  166  is configured to couple with the proximate section  95  or  97  of, respectively, either top resistance band  90  or bottom resistance band  92 . In some implementations two motorized tensioners  160  are employed (one coupled to top resistance band  90  and another coupled to bottom resistance band  92 ). In other implementations only one of resistance bands  90  and  92  are coupled with a motorized tensioner  160 , while the other resistance band couples with another type of tensioner (e.g., tensioners  70  or  72 , or rod tensioner  194  discussed below). 
     In some implementations, motorized tensioner training system  5  is operable to variably adjust the tension with a motorized tensioner  160 . Motorized tensioner(s)  160  may be set to have a variable tension to mimic a compound bow having a set tension with a let-off. That is, the variable tension may be set at full strength for most of the user&#39;s draw length, but then reduced to a let-off strength tension for the last portion of the user&#39;s draw length. For example, motorized tensioner(s)  160  may set the tension at 40 pounds (an example of full strength) for most of the user&#39;s draw length, but then reduce the tension to 30 pounds (an example of a let-off tension) for the last portion of the user&#39;s draw length. 
       FIG. 13  illustrates electronic training system  3  or motorized tensioner training system  5  used with an electronic simulator  152 .  FIG. 14  illustrates electronic training system  3  or motorized tensioner training system  5  used with video game console  155  and video display  156 . For the exemplary purposes of this disclosure, in some implementations, an electronic training system  3  or motorized tensioner training system  5  may provide a platform for one or more electronic shooting modes  150 , such as electronic target practice, video gaming, or other technological modes of delivery to provide instant user feedback in an entertaining yet educational way. Electronic target practice may consist of an electronic target board  153  that receives a signal from training system  3 / 5  when the training system  3 / 5  is actuated, thus enabling visual and audio feedback for quality of shot placement. Video gaming may include: a variety of 3D target courses from geographical locations worldwide; electronic bow sight  101  or other circuitry that will detect the rearward pull of resistance bands  90  and  92  and the placement of the sight pins  111  on the various 3D targets during course training, competition, and target practice; and electronic trigger  131  actuation of electronic release aid  130  causing flight of an arrow in the simulated gaming environment, thereby, simulating and providing a safe real world experience for users of all ages and gender. 
     Such electronic target shooting as described here affords universal application of the training system  3 / 5  for users of all skill level across the life continuum such as the provision of an alternative environment for competition, target shooting, and training; and public/private educators will now have an equally safe environment for instruction of novice archers. Examples of electronic components used in such implementations include one or more or all of the following. An electronic control (such as control panel  180 ) built into the handle structure  10  may regulate draw weight (i.e., tension), draw length  98 / 99 , and store multiple user&#39;s settings in addition, but not limited, to navigating electronic gaming components via navigation buttons. The handle  26  may have pressure sensors (such as grip sensor  120 ), or any other mechanism for detecting the drawing of training system  3 / 5 , to activate when resistance from user&#39;s hand in relationship to the preset draw weight and draw length  98 / 99  (in the handle structure) is detected at handle  26 . Once the grip sensor  120  is activated then the electronic bow sight  101  may track sight movement in relationship to the electronic target (e.g., dartboard style target or 3D archery target gaming, etc.). With sight pins  111  placed on or near the target, the electronic trigger  131  of electronic release aid  130  is actuated by the user, which may then cause: 1) a laser signal to be sent to a dartboard-style target similar to the way laser tag works; or 2) an electronic signal is sent to a gaming console  155 , thus triggering arrow flight simulation in the game in relationship to sight pin  111  placement and the target within the game. The simulated images produced by gaming console  155  may be displayed on display device  156 , which may be a television or other display device. If the user chooses not to activate electronic trigger  131  of electronic release aid  130  and “let down” the training system  3 / 5  without firing an arrow, then a “kill switch” button (not shown) may be pressed by the user&#39;s index finger on the handle structure  10 . Further examples, components, accessories, and explanations are provided below. 
       FIGS. 15-17  depict implementations of an archery training system  1  with a rod tensioner  190 .  FIG. 15  depicts an exploded side perspective view of implementations of a rod tensioner  190 .  FIG. 16  depicts a side perspective view of implementations of a rod tensioner  190 .  FIG. 17  depicts perspective views of implementations of an archery training system  1  with a rod tensioner  190 . Rod tensioner  190  may be used instead of top tensioner  70 , bottom tensioner  72 , or motorized tensioner  160 . Rod tensioner  190  may comprise a knob  194  attached to a coupling rod  195  coaxially aligned and coupled with threaded shaft  193 . Knob  194  and coupling rod  195  may be manufactured together, for example, by injection molding plastic over a portion of threaded shaft  193 , which may be metal or another sturdy material. Coupling rod is adapted to couple with resistance bands  90  or  92  (i.e., either proximate section  95  or  97 ) using coupling plate  192  that is secured with bolts  191  to apply pressure to resistance band  90  or  92 . Rod tensioner  190  couples with handle structure  10  by inserting threaded shaft  193  through top tensioner guide hole  49  and screwing twisting nut  79  onto a protruding portion of threaded shaft  193 . Referring specifically to  FIG. 17 , the user may increase tension of top resistance band  90  by rotating knob  194  counterclockwise (or decrease tension by rotating clockwise). 
     In some implementations, bottom tensioner  72  may slightly modified version of rod tensioner  190 . For example, the amount of material of coupling rod  195  can be increased to coaxially extend further along threaded shaft  193  (e.g., extending to about length  196 ) and coupling plate  193  can move further along the axis to couple some distance away from knob  194  (e.g., the width of right tensioner post  42 , 0.1-0.7 inches, and the like). Also, bottom tensioner guide hole can be sized to allow coupling rod  195  to pass through and bottom tensioner guide hole  47  can be threaded to fit threaded shaft  193 . Thus, bottom resistance band  92  may be coupled with the extended coupling rod  195  at a coupling plate  192  centrally located within bottom tensioner slot  41 . 
       FIGS. 18A-21  illustrate various implementations of a fixed interconnector  200 .  FIG. 21  illustrates a rear perspective view of various implementations of an archery training system  1  with fixed interconnectors  200 . Fixed interconnector  200  may be used in place of one or both of top interconnector  91  and bottom interconnector  93 . Fixed interconnector  200  may include an enclosure lid  202  designed to removably attach to enclosure body  201  using bolt  208 , for example, in a clamshell fashion as shown. Enclosure lid  202  has hole  204  such that threaded bolt  208  can be screwed into and through hole  204  to couple with body boss  207 , thereby securely attaching enclosure lid  202  to enclosure body  201 . Fixed interconnector  200  is designed to fixedly attach to the distal section  94  or  96  of resistance bands  90  or  92 , and can attach in a number of ways (“fixedly attach” does not mean “permanently attach” because distal section  94  or  96  can be removed by, for example, opening enclosure  201 / 202 ). Distal section  94  or  96  may attach by being inserted into entry hole  209  at tapered portion  203  and then tying part of distal section  94  or  96  in a knot with a diameter larger than entry hole  209 . Some implementations may insert a stopper within a hollow interior of the elastomeric tube of distal section  94  or  96  where the stopper (not shown) has a diameter larger than entry hole  209 . Or, distal section  94  or  96  may pass through a nut, ring, chock, or similar jamming element (again, larger than the diameter of the entry hole  209 ) and distal section  94  or  96  may be tied around this jamming element such that the knot is either inside or outside the fixed interconnector  200 . 
     Loop  210  is provided to allow a user to engage a release aid  85  with the archery training system  1 . Loop  210  couples with the enclosure body  201  and lid  202 , and may couple in a variety of different ways. For example, both the enclosure body  201  and lid  202  may have a loop notch  205  so that tying loop  210  in a knot larger than the diameter of the loop notches  205  will prevent loop  210  from slipping out of fixed interconnector  200  during the tension experienced by dry firing. In some implementations loop  210  may pass through a nut, ring, chock, or similar jamming element (again, larger than the diameter of the loop notches  205 ). Loop  210  may also wrap around body boss  207  and/or lid boss  206 , which are joined when enclosure lid  202  is bolted to enclosure body  201 . Thus, loop  210  extends from the enclosure body  201  and lid  202  such that loop  210  may engage a release aid  85  without inadvertently detaching from the enclosure body  201  and lid  202 . 
       FIGS. 22-25  illustrate various implementations of a fixed interconnector  215 .  FIG. 25  illustrates a rear perspective view of various implementations of an archery training system  1  with fixed interconnectors  215 . Fixed interconnector  215  may be used in place of one or both of top interconnector  91  and bottom interconnector  93 . Fixed interconnector  215  may include a female portion  216  adapted to couple with a male portion  217  using any one of a variety of coupling or fastening mechanisms, such as male and female threaded couplers as shown in  FIGS. 22-24 . Fixed interconnector  215  is designed to fixedly attach to the distal section  94  or  96  of resistance bands  90  or  92 , and can attach in a number of ways (“fixedly attach” does not mean “permanently attach” because distal section  94  or  96  can be removed by, for example, uncoupling female portion  216  and male portion  217 ). Distal section  94  or  96  may attach by being inserted into entry hole  219  and then tying part of distal section  94  or  96  in a knot with a diameter larger than entry hole  219 . Some implementations may insert a stopper within a hollow interior of the elastomeric tube of distal section  94  or  96  where the stopper (not shown) has a diameter larger than entry hole  219 . Or, distal section  94  or  96  may pass through a nut, ring, chock, or similar jamming element (again, larger than the diameter of the entry hole  219 ) and distal section  94  or  96  may be tied around this jamming element such that the knot is either inside or outside the fixed interconnector  215 . 
     Loop  210  is provided to allow a user to engage a release aid  85  with the archery training system  1 . Loop  210  couples with the fixed interconnector  215  at holes  218 . Loop  210  may, for example, insert into one hole  218 , out another hole  218 , and then the ends of loop  210  are tied or coupled to securely couple to the female portion  216  of fixed interconnector  215 . Alternatively, loop  210  may be tied into a knot or around a nut or stopper located inside the femail portion  216  so that the loop  210  will not slip out of hole(s)  219  because the knot/nut/stopper is larger than hole(s)  219 . Thus, loop  210  extends from fixed interconnector  215  such that loop  210  may engage a release aid  85  without inadvertently detaching from the enclosure body  201  and lid  202 . 
       FIGS. 26-30  illustrate various implementations of an adjustable interconnector  220 .  FIG. 30  illustrates a rear perspective view of various implementations of an archery training system  1  with adjustable interconnectors  220 . Adjustable interconnector  220  may be used in place of one or both of top interconnector  91  and bottom interconnector  93 . In addition, archery training system  1  may be implemented using a fixed interconnector  200  and an adjustable interconnector  220 . Adjustable interconnector  220  may include an enclosure lid  222  designed to removably attach to enclosure body  221  using bolts  227 , for example, in a clamshell fashion as shown. Enclosure lid  222  has holes  224  such that threaded bolts  227  can be screwed into and through holes  224  to couple lid and body portions of first boss  228  and second boss  229 , thereby securely attaching enclosure lid  222  to enclosure body  221 . Each of enclosure body  221  and enclosure lid  222  may have loop holes  223  for threading loop  230  through. Enclosure body  221  may have a sloped pincher  226  configured to operate with a scalloped pincher  225  of enclosure lid  222  such that distal section  94  or  96  is pinched between pinchers  225  and  226  to prevent distal section  94  or  96  from slipping out of the adjustable interconnector  220 . 
     Adjustable interconnector  220  is designed to adjustably attach to the distal section  94  or  96  of resistance bands  90  or  92 , and can attach in a number of ways. Distal section  94  or  96  may adjustably attach by being inserted into entry hole  231  and wrapping around first boss  228  (i.e., between first boss  228  and second boss  229 ) and exiting entry hole  231  (see, e.g.,  FIGS. 26 and 29 ). Thus, distal section  94  or  96  is prevented from slipping out of adjustable interconnector by the compression provided by the bight of distal section  94  or  96  around first boss  228 . Alternatively, distal section  94  or  96  may wrap around second boss  229  instead of first boss  228 . Some implementations may increase the bight on distal section  94  or  96  by wrapping around second boss  229  and then threading the distal end  232  of distal section  94  or  96  between second boss  229  and first boss  228  so that distal section  94  or  96  compresses against itself as it passes on one side of first boss  228 . 
     Some implementations of adjustable interconnector  220  may use a clamp or other adjustably compressive element (not shown) to couple around a portion of distal section  94  or  96  nearest distal end  232  (and protruding outside of adjustable interconnector  220 ). This clamp or other adjustably compressive element tightly compresses distal section  94  or  96  or can slide up or down distal section  94  or  96  when not compressed. Further, this clamp or other adjustably compressive element prevents distal section  94  or  96  from slipping out of the adjustable interconnector  220  by being large enough to jam itself against entry hole  231  without slipping entirely out of adjustable interconnector  220 . The clamp or other adjustably compressive element may, for example, be a: clamp, clasp, latch, cam, fastener, and the like. 
     Scalloped pincher  225  and sloped pincher  226  may also apply pressure to distal section  94  or  96  by clamping down on distal section  94  or  96  by the shape and degree of the scallops and slopes. Some implementations apply enough pressure to distal section  94  or  96  through scalloped pincher  225  and sloped pincher  226  so that they are the primary mechanism of preventing slippage. Other implementations may apply some pressure to distal section  94  or  96  through scalloped pincher  225  and sloped pincher  226 , but also rely on other compressive or bighting mechanisms to prevent slippage. Further implementations may omit scalloped pincher  225  and sloped pincher  226  altogether (e.g., entry hole  231  would have non-pinching edges). 
     Loop  230  is provided to allow a user to engage a release aid  85  with the archery training system  1 . Loop  230  couples with the enclosure body  221  and lid  222 , and may couple in a variety of different ways. For example, both the enclosure body  221  and lid  222  may have holes  223  so that loop  230  can pass through holes  223  and create a loop  230 . Alternative implementations may couple loop  230  using loop notches  205  or holes  219  (see fixed interconnector  200  and fixed interconnector  215 ) instead of holes  223 . It follows that fixed interconnector  200  or fixed interconnector  215  may also use holes  223  to couple with loop  210  instead of loop notches  205  or holes  219 . A person of ordinary skill in the art can (a) couple loop  230  to adjustable interconnector  220 , (b) couple loop  210  to fixed interconnector  200 , or (c) couple loop  210  to fixed interconnector  215  using a variety of other coupling or fastening mechanisms not expressly discussed here (e.g., couplers, fasteners, knots, bights, chocks, plugs, stoppers, loops, clasps, etc.), and these other couplers and fasteners are implicitly included in this disclosure. 
     Moreover, it follows that a person of ordinary skill in the art may readily envision other mechanisms to fixedly couple distal section  94  or  96  to fixed interconnector  200  or to adjustably couple distal section  94  or  96  to adjustable interconnector  220  by using numerous additional coupling or fastening mechanisms not expressly discussed here. For example, couplers, fasteners, knots, bights, chocks, plugs, stoppers, loops, clasps, and so forth may be used. These additional couplers and fasteners are implicitly included in this disclosure. 
       FIG. 31  is a perspective view of various implementations of an archery strength trainer  7 . Strength trainer  7  may be implemented using, for example, any one of archery training system  1 , electronic training system  3 , or motorized tensioner training system  5 . In strength trainer  7 , top and bottom resistance bands  90  and  92  are omitted, a strength resistance band  242  is added, and the tensioners ( 70 ,  72 ,  160 , or  190 ) are not coupled to any resistance bands ( 90 ,  92 , or  242 ). Strength resistance band  242  is manufactured to provide sufficient resistance to allow the user to increase the strength of muscles used in archery by dry firing strength trainer  7 . Strength trainer  7  may employ a set of various strength resistance bands  242  having different resistance values that may be color coded for ease of use (e.g., green band=10 lbs., blue band=20 lbs., yellow band=30 lbs., black band=40 lbs., red band=50 lbs., and so forth). Strength resistance band  242  may include a top distal section  244 , a bottom distal section  246 , and a bottom distal end  248 . Strength resistance band  242  couples with handle structure  10  by passing through balancer pass-through  62 , top port  22 , hollow section  23 , and bottom port  24  in a manner similar to top resistance band  90  of archery training system  1  (see  FIGS. 1-3 ). However, strength resistance band  242  differs from top resistance band  90 , for example, because bottom distal section  246  does not couple with top tensioner  70 . Instead, bottom distal section  246  of strength resistance band  242  bends outwards upon exiting bottom port  24  to extend away from handle structure  10 . Bottom distal section  246  may couple with various interconnectors, such as interconnector  91 / 93 , fixed interconnector  200 , or adjustable interconnector  220  (as shown). Similarly, top distal section  244  may couple with an interconnector such as interconnector  91 / 93 , fixed interconnector  200  (as shown), or adjustable interconnector  220 . Top and bottom distal sections  244  and  246  may couple with interconnectors  91 ,  93 ,  200 , or  220  in manners similar to the way these interconnectors couple with distal sections  94  and  96  as described herein. 
     The user may practice strength-training exercises with strength trainer  7 , for example, by coupling a release aid  85  (not shown) to loops  210 / 230  of interconnectors  200 / 220  in manners similar to those described above (e.g., the discussion of release aid  85  for  FIGS. 1-6 ), and then dry firing strength trainer  7 . Alternative implementations may utilize a fixed aid (not shown) akin to release aid  85 , except that the fixed aid does not release from loops  210 / 230  as strength resistance band  242  is extended and distended during dry fire practicing for strength building. In some implementations, adjustable interconnector(s)  220  may couple with bottom distal section  246  and/or top distal section  244 . In implementations utilizing at least one adjustable interconnector  220 , the resistance value of strength resistance band  242  can be increased by adjusting the location of adjustable interconnector  220  axially to shorten strength resistance band  242  (or decreasing the resistance value by lengthening band  242  by moving interconnector  220 ). Adjusting the length can adjust the resistance by some degree because of progressive resistance of bands. 
       FIGS. 32-36  illustrate various views and implementations of an archery release aid configured to mimic the finger positioning of a traditional bow, and is designated a finger release aid  250 . Finger release aid  250  may comprise body  251  fixedly attached to a proximate portion of nock  252 , where body  251  also includes: a top arm  257  having a distal portion fixedly attached to a top string  253 , and a bottom arm  258  having a distal portion fixedly attached to a bottom string  254 , such that the distal portion of nock  252  fixedly attaches to both top string  253  and bottom string  254  in the area between top arm  257  and bottom arm  258 . Top string  253  and bottom string  254  are constructed to mimic the feel of shooting a traditional bow (rather than a compound bow) with fingers placed on a bow string above and below a nock from an actual arrow. For example,  FIGS. 35 and 36  depict the user&#39;s fingers placed on top and bottom string  253  and  254  of finger release aid  250  to mimic the feel of shooting a traditional bow during dry firing. In some implementations top string  253  and bottom string  254  are one continual string that passes through a hole or nock at the distal portion of nock  252  and is secured to top arm  257  and bottom arm  258  (e.g., being tied off or frayed and melted after passing through holes), and may be, for example a commercially available bow string such as a preferred bow string of the user. In some implementations, nock  252  has at least two vertical holes (not shown) configured to allow string  253 / 254  to pass there through at different points along the axis of nock  252  and thereby allowing the user to adjust the angles of string  253 / 254  according to draw length and preference. In other implementations, nock  252  may have an additional sleeve or other component that slidably moves along nock  252 . 
       FIG. 37  depicts angles between various elements of the finger release aid  250 . Finger release aid  250  is constructed to mimic the actual angles of a bowstring near an arrow&#39;s nock and to promote proper shooting form by the placement and shape of bottom slit  256  and/or top slit  255 .  FIG. 37  shows exemplary angles for constructing finger release aid  250 . Finger release aid  250  is depicted with the axis of nock  252  set along x-axis  260 , with y-axis  261  intersecting x-axis  260  at the point an arrow&#39;s nock would press against a bow string, which is denoted as origin  262 . Angle θ (theta)  263  is the angle between y-axis  261  and top string  253 , and may have an angle of approximately: 5° to 40°, 17° to 33°, 17° to 23°, or 19° to 21°. Angle φ (phi)  264  is the angle between y-axis  261  and bottom string  254 , and may have an angle of approximately: 5° to 40°, 13° to 27°, 13° to 19°, or 15° to 17°. Angle ω (omega)  266  is the angle between y-axis  261  and depth  267  of bottom slit  256 , and may have an angle of approximately: 40° to 70°, 50° to 60°, or 53° to 57°. In some implementations, angle θ (theta)  263  is approximately 20°, angle φ (phi)  264  is approximately 16°, and angle ω (omega)  266  is approximately 55°. In certain implementations angle θ (theta)  263  and angle φ (phi)  264  approximately correspond to the user&#39;s draw length such that an increased draw length results in increases in one or both of angle θ (theta)  263  and angle φ (phi)  264 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 32-37 , body  251  includes a top slit  255  positioned near nock  252  and configured to releasably couple with top interconnector  91 , and also includes a bottom slit  256  positioned in the bottom region of body  251  and configured to releasably couple with bottom interconnector  93 . As with some implementations of release aid  85  and electronic release aid  130 , finger release aid  250  is designed in some implementations to couple with top resistance band  90 , which provides the primary tension, and bottom resistance band  92 , which provides counterbalance tension to better mimic the feeling of an actual bow. The shape and position within body  251  of top slit  255  and bottom slit  256  are specifically designed to teach the user proper form by sloping bottom slit  256  and/or top slit  255  such that the coupled interconnector  91 / 93  will slip out if the user tilts finger release aid  250  too much in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction (i.e., tilting around origin  262  of  FIG. 37 ). For example, certain implementations shape top slit  255  so that top interconnector  91  will slip out when finger release aid  250  is tilted counterclockwise too much, but bottom slit  256  is more narrowly shaped so that bottom interconnector  93  does not slip out of bottom slit  256  and remains inserted even after top interconnector  91  has slipped out of top slit  255 . 
     A wide variety of materials may be used to construct finger release aid  250 . Body  251  and nock  252  may be constructed of plastic, metal, wood, or any other rigid material. Top string  253  and bottom string  254  may be constructed of a rigid material (e.g., metal, some plastics, etc.) or a flexible material (e.g., some plastics, natural or synthetic fibers, bow strings, etc.). Nock  252  may be generally cylindrical in shape to mimic the look and feel of the end of an arrow shaft and the shaft&#39;s nock, and may have a diameter of about ¼″ at the proximate portion of nock  252  (coupled to body  251 ) and then taper down to a diameter of about ⅜″ at the distal portion of nock  252  (coupled to strings  253  and  254 ). 
     Referring still to  FIGS. 32-37 , the user may dry fire any one of archery training systems  1 ,  3 ,  5 , or,  7  using finger release aid  250 . The user&#39;s index finger may contact top string  253  (e.g., between the first and second knuckles) just above the nock  252 . The user&#39;s third and fourth fingers (i.e., middle and ring fingers) may contact bottom string  254  (e.g., between the first and second knuckles) just below the nock  252 . The user&#39;s index finger may press in a downward motion in opposition to the upper pressure applied by the user&#39;s third and fourth fingers, thereby squeezing the nock  252  in a manner akin to shooting an actual arrow. See  FIGS. 35 and 36  for a depiction of this implementation. Finger placement may vary depending on the user&#39;s preference. For instance, training of new archers may include the index, third, and fourth fingers all being placed below the nock  252  with each finger wrapping around the string and keeping the string between the first and second knuckles. 
     During dry firing with the finger release aid  130 , the shape and position of one or both of top slit  255  and bottom slit  256  play an important role in training the user how to use proper form when firing a traditional bow. Thus, top slit  255  and/or bottom slit  256  are formed to promote proper form by keeping nock  252  perpendicular to the user&#39;s sagittal plane (assuming the user is standing on a flat surface and shooting parallel to the ground surface). If the user fails to use proper form, at least one interconnector  91 / 93  will slip out of slits  255 / 256 . These mechanics provide instant feedback to the user concerning poor finger shooting form and identify bad habits that need correction. Proper form includes keeping the nock  252  parallel to the ground and perpendicular to the sagittal plane of the user as described above, and may also include equal rearward force being applied to both the top string  253  and bottom string  254  during rearward draw and at a full draw hold position. 
     Specific to the individual user&#39;s preference, when the user is ready to release the finger release aid  250  at full rearward draw, the user relaxes the gripping fingers allowing finger release aid  250  to retract towards the handle structure  10  as resistance bands  90  and  92  return to their original positions of rest. In some implementations, the tension of top resistance band  90  will cause the finger release aid  250  to rotate away from the user (counterclockwise) towards the handle structure  10 , thereby causing top interconnector  91  to slip out of top slit  255  safely away from the user. 
     Thus, dry firing with finger release aid  250  may mimic the actions of finger shooting an arrow while using a traditional archery bow. Again, this provides instant feedback for users that have maintained proper form during the draw, hold and release phases used during finger shooting. 
       FIGS. 38-47  illustrate various views and implementations of a stabilizer  280  added to an archery training system  1 . Stabilizer  280  may also be implemented with electronic training system  3 , motorized tensioner training system  5 , archery strength trainer  7 , or other archery training systems discussed herein. Stabilizer  280  may couple with handle structure  10  at stabilizer connector  45  using stabilizer insert  52 . Stabilizer  280  may comprise a stabilizer bracket  282 , at least one weight  290 , and locking bolt  292 . 
       FIG. 38  is a rear perspective exploded view of a stabilizer  280 .  FIG. 39  is a side exploded view of a stabilizer  280 .  FIG. 40  is a rear perspective view of a stabilizer bracket  282  of stabilizer  280 .  FIG. 41  is a side view of a stabilizer bracket  282 .  FIG. 42  is a front perspective view of a stabilizer bracket  282 .  FIG. 43  is a front view of a stabilizer bracket  282 .  FIG. 44  is a side exploded view of stabilizer  280  coupled to stabilizer connector  45  of handle structure  10 .  FIG. 45  is a side view of stabilizer  280  coupled to handle structure  10 .  FIG. 46  is a front perspective exploded view of stabilizer  280  coupled to handle structure  10 .  FIG. 47  is a front perspective view of stabilizer  280  coupled to handle structure  10 . 
     Stabilizer  280  may, for example, improve archery training system  1  performance in one or more of the following ways: reducing torque, moving the center of gravity, improving the moment of inertia, helping to keep the archery training system  1  steady when dry firing, dampening vibrations, and reducing hand shock. Stabilizer  280  may include a stabilizer bracket  282  adapted to releasably couple with a weight  290  by sliding weight  290  onto weight mount  284  and coupling locking bolt  292  to threaded locking bolt hole  288 . Stabilizer bracket  282  may include a bracket mount  283  adapted to couple with stabilizer connector  45  by coupling bolt  287  to bracket hole  286  and threaded stabilizer insert  52 . Stabilizer bracket  282  may include a flexible bracket damper  285  that flexibly exerts a force against handle structure  10  to dampen movement of stabilizer  280 . In some implementations, the head of locking bolt  292  contains a decoration  293 , such as decal or etching of a symbol or other product-identifying mark. 
     It will be understood that archery training system implementations (e.g., training systems  1 ,  3 ,  5 , and  7 ) are not limited to the specific assemblies, devices and components disclosed in this document, as virtually any assemblies, devices and components consistent with the intended operation of an archery training system implementation may be utilized. Accordingly, for example, although particular assemblies, devices and components are disclosed, such may comprise any shape, size, style, type, model, version, class, measurement, concentration, material, weight, quantity, and/or the like consistent with the intended operation of an archery training system implementation. Implementations are not limited to uses of any specific assemblies, devices and components; provided that the assemblies, devices and components selected are consistent with the intended operation of an archery training system implementation. 
     Accordingly, the components defining any archery training system implementation may be formed of any of many different types of materials or combinations thereof that can readily be formed into shaped objects provided that the components selected are consistent with the intended operation of an archery training system implementation. For example, the components may be formed of: polymers such as thermoplastics (such as ABS, Fluoropolymers, Polyacetal, Polyamide; Polycarbonate, Polyethylene, Polysulfone, and/or the like), thermosets (such as Epoxy, Phenolic Resin, Polyimide, Polyurethane, Silicone, and/or the like), any combination thereof, and/or other like materials; glasses (such as quartz glass), carbon-fiber, aramid-fiber, any combination thereof, and/or other like materials; composites and/or other like materials; metals, such as zinc, magnesium, titanium, copper, lead, iron, steel, carbon steel, alloy steel, tool steel, stainless steel, brass, tin, antimony, pure aluminum, 1100 aluminum, aluminum alloy, any combination thereof, and/or other like materials; alloys, such as aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy, any combination thereof, and/or other like materials; any other suitable material; and/or any combination of the foregoing thereof. 
     Various archery training system implementations may be manufactured using conventional procedures as added to and improved upon through the procedures described here. Some components may be manufactured simultaneously and integrally joined with one another, while other components may be purchased pre-manufactured or manufactured separately and then assembled with the integral components. 
     Accordingly, manufacture of these components separately or simultaneously may involve extrusion, pultrusion, vacuum forming, injection molding, blow molding, resin transfer molding, casting, forging, cold rolling, milling, drilling, reaming, turning, grinding, stamping, cutting, bending, welding, soldering, hardening, riveting, punching, plating, and/or the like. If any of the components are manufactured separately, they may then be coupled with one another in any manner, such as with adhesive, a weld, a fastener (e.g., a bolt, a nut, a screw, a nail, a rivet, a pin, and/or the like), wiring, any combination thereof, and/or the like for example, depending on, among other considerations, the particular material forming the components. 
     Upon reading the teachings of this specification, those with ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, under certain circumstances, considering issues such as changes in technology, user requirements, etc., a variety of fastening devices may be used to “affix”, “couple”, and/or “releasably couple” (as those words are used herein) one or more components of the present disclosure. These fastening devices may include one or more of the following: adhesives, bolts, buckles, clasps, latches, locks, screws, snaps, clamps, connectors, couplings, ties, or other fastening means yet to be developed. 
     Likewise, upon reading the teachings of this specification, those with ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, under certain circumstances, considering issues such as changes in technology, subject requirements, etc., a variety of fastening devices, such as adhesives, belts, bolts, buckles, clasps, latches, locks, screws, snaps, clamps, connectors, couplings, ties or other fastening means yet to be developed may be used in lieu of—or in conjunction with—any of the fasteners or fastening means discussed above. 
     It will be understood that the assembly of archery training system implementations are not limited to the specific order of steps as disclosed in this document. Any steps or sequence of steps of the assembly of mechanical release archery training system implementations indicated herein are given as examples of possible steps or sequence of steps and not as limitations, since various assembly processes and sequences of steps may be used to assemble archery training system implementations. 
     In places where the description above refers to particular implementations, it should be readily apparent that a number of modifications may be made without departing from the spirit thereof and that these implementations may be applied to other implementations disclosed or undisclosed. The accompanying claims are intended to cover such modifications as would fall within the true spirit and scope of the disclosure set forth in this document. The presently disclosed implementations are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the disclosure being indicated by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. All changes that come within the meaning of and range of equivalency of the claims are intended to be embraced therein. 
     Further implementations are within the claims.