Abstract:
Cubipods are heavy concrete objects used as protection means for dyke or breakwater mantles on coasts or the like and have a cubic or orthohedral shape with projections on the faces ( 3 ) thereof; the number, position and geometric shape of said projections ( 2 ) may vary. The mould comprises a table ( 4 ) with a plate ( 6 ) wherein is hollowed a recess ( 5 ) corresponding with the lower projection of the cubipod ( 1 ) and has support legs ( 9 ) on a rigid plinth ( 10 ). A prismatic casing ( 11 ) with the cubipod ( 1 ) shape but lacking the upper base, rests on the table ( 4 ). A frame of profiles ( 18, 19 ) with a hood ( 17 ) for forming the upper projection is hinged on an upper edge. Mould removal is achieved by raising the casing ( 11 ), after taking away a number of dihedral surfaces ( 14 - 15 ) which form the lower face of the projections ( 2 ) and lower part of the casing.

Description:
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The present invention according to what is expressed in the statement of this specification, relates to a mould for manufacturing concrete cubipods, these being of a cubic or orthohedral shape and provided at their faces or at part of them, with some preferably truncated pyramid-shaped protuberances or projections, with square base, although they can also adopt other geometrical forms such as pyramidal, hemispherical, etc. 
         [0002]    Said projections may be centered at the faces of the cube or cuboid, or may vary both, in position and in number. 
         [0003]    These cubipods are heavy and large sized elements and constructed from concrete, with which sloping dyke mantles for protecting the coasts against swell or other sea constructions (breakwaters, jetties) are formed. Its assembly is carried out by randomly locating them and by obtaining a good joining among them at the different layers of the structure, preventing the coupling between their faces due to the projections. 
         [0004]    It is an object of the invention to offer a mould allowing a readily and quickly construction of these cubipods, making it also a simple operation the removal of the mould. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0005]    In the invention patent no. 200501750 an element for forming dyke mantles is disclosed, with which the known problems are attempted to be solved when manufacturing an artificial breakwater for shelter and protection of the coasts, these being elements of the type previously mentioned in order to achieve a good joining among pieces. 
       DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0006]    Generally, the mould for manufacturing concrete cubipods, allows manufacturing this type of elements with different shapes and sizes, only by providing the mould or formwork to possess at the suitable places corresponding to the projections, the movable devices allowing the removal of formwork, once the concrete poured in the mould is set, to be readily carried out without displacement of mass or heavy parts thereof, by means of the simple raising of the formwork with a suited tool constructed for that purpose, detaching the metal side walls from the concrete block formed. 
         [0007]    The mould under discussion includes a rigid support structure defining a table comprising sheets and profiles arranged over metal legs anchored to a rigid plinth, its geometry being determined by the bottom of the mould or bottom face of the block to be formed, including its lug, or lugs. In order to simplify the description we will refer to the construction of a cube with projections centered on its faces and with a truncated pyramid shape as we will see in the preferred embodiment. This base shall support the weight of the rest of the moving formwork of the concrete formed piece. 
         [0008]    The moving formwork is a sheet casing or prismatic surface (the lateral one of the cube) with reinforcement laminated metal profiles (both vertical and horizontal) which provide the proper rigidity and strength to the assembly. This casing fits in the table and is fixed to it with suitable pins, being slightly truncated pyramid-shaped in order to facilitate the removal of the mould and is provided, on its walls, with the sheet lugs or projections which determine the recesses which will be filled with concrete in order to constitute the projections. 
         [0009]    In order to be able to remove the formwork by raising it, the bottom face of the truncated pyramid-shaped projections and the rectangular portion of the cube located under the projection form a dihedral surface which is hinged at the minor base of said projection. Thus, it is not necessary to dismantle or separate formwork parts but only to release the fixing pins which held the closed position. 
         [0010]    The projection of the upper base is formed at a final stage, once the pouring of the fresh concrete has been effected by filling the mould up to the rim of the casing or “jelly mould”. One of the upper edges is hinged to a frame of profiles to which a truncated pyramid-shaped hood with the geometry of the projection to be formed is joined. Once folded, placed in position and anchored with pins, it is filled with new concrete pouring. 
         [0011]    With this arrangement, the manufacturing process of the cubipod with the mould being described is the following:
       The casing or jelly mould is placed on the table, fixing it by means of the proper pins. The formwork is cleaned, the side moving panels or dihedral plates of the bottom part of the lugs or projections are closed and all the interior part is impregnated with concrete release agent when necessary.   Fresh concrete is poured in the interior of the mould up to the rim of the upper edge (by gravity or by pumping), suitably vibrating it.   The moving frame carrying the truncated pyramid-shaped hood with which the upper lug or projection should be formed is tilted and fixed by means of pins.   The concrete is poured or pumped in said hood by its upper face and it is vibrated in order to achieve the joining with the rest of the block.   After the time corresponding to the hardening or setting of the concrete has passed, the moving dihedral plates are released (both from the upper lug and the side lugs) and the mould is pulled by means of a tool for that purpose in order to detach the metal side walls of the block.   Once the suitable strength in the concrete of the cubipod for being able to remove the mould without any risks for its integrity has been achieved, the suited tool for raising the mould is utilized, placing it in another table for the next manufacturing.   Once the suitable strength in the concrete of the block for its handling has been achieved, it is raised for its storing, clearing the table.   The table is cleaned and prepared for the next block.       
 
         [0020]    The mould is also prepared with the proper mechanisms for its partial opening, its placing and other means which facilitate the work of the operators on it, such as platforms or passageways, handrails, etc. 
         [0021]    In order to facilitate the understanding of the characteristics of the invention and being an integral part of this specification, some figures sheets are attached on which figures, with an illustrative but not limiting character, the following has been represented: 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0022]    FIG.  1 .—Is a perspective view of the cubipod to be constructed with the mould object of the invention. 
           [0023]    FIG.  2 .—Is a perspective view of the support base or table of the mould object of the invention. 
           [0024]    FIG.  3 .—Is a perspective view of the mould complete and prepared for pouring the concrete. 
           [0025]    FIG.  4 .—Is a view identical to  FIG. 3 , with the mould filled with concrete. 
           [0026]    FIG.  5 .—Is a view similar to  FIG. 4 , with the truncated pyramid-shaped hood down in order to form the upper projection of the cube. 
           [0027]    FIG.  6 .—Is a view identical to  FIG. 5 , once the hood has been filled with the concrete. 
           [0028]    FIG.  7 .—Is a perspective view showing a stage previous to the removal of the mould. 
           [0029]    FIG.  8 .—Is a perspective view showing a stage subsequent to  FIG. 7 , once the moving formwork or casing of the mould has been removed, after the time for the setting of the concrete has passed. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
       [0030]    Referring to the numbering adopted in the figures and specially with respect to  FIG. 1  wherein is shown the body or piece to be built in the mould object of the invention, according to a preferred embodiment, we can see that the cubipod thus defined is generally referred to with number  1  and presents the shape of a cube or hexahedron with truncated pyramid-shaped projections or bulkiness  2  with square base and centered on its faces  3 . 
         [0031]    In turn, the mould object of the invention is shown in  FIGS. 2 to 8  and formed by a table  4  ( FIG. 2 ) with the dimensions of the base of the cube or cuboid (in this case cube) and with the sheet recesses corresponding to the projections provided at the face, (in this case one and centered). The plate  6  carries a window  7  having integrally joined the inverted truncated pyramid-shaped surface forming in this case the recess  5 . The plate  6  rests on the frame of profiles  8  with metal legs  9  anchored to the plinth  10 . 
         [0032]    In  FIG. 3  can be seen that over the table  4  the casing constituting the rest of the formwork or mould has been coupled, referenced to with  11  and materializing the side surface of the cubic shape of the body  1  including the corresponding recesses  5  in order to form the truncated pyramid-shaped projections  2 . 
         [0033]    The casing  11  is rigidized with horizontal  12  and vertical  13  profiles, being anchored to the table  4  with pins. The recesses  5  are formed also with rigidizing sheets and profiles but they have the particularity that their bottom face  14 , trapezoidal (see  FIG. 7 ), together with the rectangular bottom portion  15  ( FIG. 7 ) of the corresponding face of the casing  11  form a dihedral surface materialized by a plate upperly hinged at the axis  16 . In  FIG. 3  these dihedron close the recess  5  and side walls of the mould, being anchored with pins. When removing the mould these pins are released and the dihedral plates are separated as it is captured in  FIG. 7 . Thus there is no hindrance for raising the mould since the truncated pyramid-shaped projections  2  do not hinder this raising movement, as we will see more clearly in relation with the  FIG. 8 . The concrete block constructed will be located over the table  4 . 
         [0034]    Back to  FIG. 3 , the truncated pyramid-shaped hood  17  can be seen in the raised position integrally joined to the rigidizing frame of profiles  18  and  19 , hinged at the snout of the casing  11  at semiaxis  20 . In this position the mould is filled up to the rim as shown in  FIG. 4 . Then this frame is taken away and the hood  17  remains coupled and ready for being able to form the last upper projection, such as shown in  FIG. 5 , being anchored with pins  21 . Next, the concrete is poured until filling the hood  17 , vibrating it such that it perfectly joins together to the rest of the block. 
         [0035]    In  FIG. 7  the removal of the mould is started by first raising the hood  17  and then raising the casing or mould, once the dihedral plates  14 - 15  have been released as we previously mentioned. 
         [0036]    The casing  11  has externally and integrally joined a working platform  22  with safety handrail  23 .