Abstract:
A data transmission system contains a transmitting and/or receiving unit on a track side and a transmitting and/or receiving unit on a vehicle side. Accordingly, the transmitting and/or receiving unit on the vehicle side contains at least one transmitting and/or receiving element on the vehicle side which is mounted in the region of a track vehicle door. The unit is covered by the track vehicle door and separated from the rail track when the track vehicle door is closed and remains uncovered by the same when the track vehicle door is open.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Field of the Invention 
     The invention relates to a data transmission system for data transmission between a rail vehicle and a trackside device, having the features according to the precharacterizing clause of claim  1 . 
     By way of example, such data transmission systems are known from subway systems and suburban railroad systems. They have a trackside transmitting and/or receiving device and a vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving device and are used to transmit data between the rail vehicle and the track. By way of example, video monitoring signals are transmitted from the rail vehicle to the track in order that it is possible to determine when a problem situation has arisen in the course of trackside monitoring of the rail vehicle. For example, on the track side, the police can be informed when the video data indicates that crimes have occurred within the rail vehicle. In addition, for example, the fire service can be informed if it is found that a fire has broken out within the rail vehicle. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention is based on the object of specifying a data transmission system which allows particularly reliable transmission of data between the rail vehicle and the track and/or conversely from the track to the rail vehicle. 
     According to the invention, this object is achieved by a data transmission system having the features claimed in patent claim  1 . 
     Advantageous refinements of the data transmission system according to the invention are specified in dependent claims. 
     The invention accordingly provides that the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving device has at least one vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving element, which is fitted in the area of a rail vehicle door and covered by the rail vehicle door and is separated from the rail track when the door is in the closed state, and is not covered by the rail vehicle door when the rail vehicle door is open. 
     One major advantage of the data transmission system according to the invention is that it prevents the data traffic between the rail vehicle and the track from being endangered by dirt on the transmitting and/or receiving element on the rail vehicle side. Because the rail vehicle door covers the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving element, according to the invention, this ensures that the transmitting and/or receiving element cannot become dirty while the rail vehicle is traveling. The vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving element is exposed, and can be used for transmitting and receiving, only when the rail vehicle is stationary and the rail vehicle door is opened. The risk of becoming dirty is considerably reduced when the rail vehicle is stationary, as a result of which failure of the data transmission because of dirt is considerably less probable than in the case of conventional data transmission systems, in which the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving elements are always exposed to the rail track. 
     In order to prevent sensors from becoming dirty, it is analogously considered to be advantageous for at least one trackside transmitting and/or receiving element of a trackside transmitting and/or receiving device to be arranged in the area of a platform protection door such that it is covered by the platform protection door, and is separated from the rail track, when the platform protection door is closed, and remains uncovered by the platform protection door when the platform protection door is open. 
     The trackside transmitting and/or receiving element and the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving element are preferably arranged such that, when the rail vehicle door is positioned in front of the platform protection door, data transmission is possible between the two transmitting and/or receiving elements. For example, the trackside transmitting and/or receiving element and the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving element are arranged such that the two transmitting and/or receiving elements are opposite one another when the rail vehicle door is positioned in front of the platform protection door. 
     In order to allow as high a data transmission rate as possible, it is considered to be advantageous for the vehicle-side and the trackside transmitting and/or receiving device each to have at least two or more transmitting and/or receiving elements, and for these to be operated in parallel. 
     The vehicle-side and the trackside transmitting and/or receiving device preferably each have at least two or more transmitting and/or receiving elements, which are arranged such that they are opposite in pairs when the rail vehicle door is positioned in front of the platform protection door. 
     Furthermore, the invention relates to a rail vehicle having a vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving device. 
     In a rail vehicle such as this, to prevent reliable data transmission between the rail vehicle and the track from being prevented or at least being made more difficult by dirt effects, the invention provides that the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving device has at least one vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving element which is fitted in the area of a rail vehicle door and covered by the rail vehicle door, and is separated from the rail track, when the rail vehicle door is closed, and remains uncovered by the rail vehicle door when the latter is open. 
     Advantageous refinements of the rail vehicle according to the invention are specified in dependent claims. For the advantages of the rail vehicle according to the invention, reference should be made to the above statements relating to the data transmission system according to the invention. 
     In order to allow video monitoring of the rail vehicle, it is considered to be advantageous for the rail vehicle to have a video monitoring system which is connected to the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving device, produces video data and temporarily stores this video data and for the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving device to be designed such that, when stopped at a platform, it transmits the temporarily stored video data to a trackside transmitting and/or receiving device. 
     Furthermore, the invention relates to an arrangement having at least one trackside transmitting and/or receiving device and having at least one platform protection door. 
     In an arrangement such as this, in order to prevent dirt from adversely affecting the transmission quality when data is transmitted between a rail vehicle and the track, or vice versa, the invention provides that the trackside transmitting and/or receiving device has at least one trackside transmitting and/or receiving element which is arranged relative to the platform protection door such that it is covered by the platform protection door and is separated from the rail track when the platform protection door is closed, and remains uncovered by the platform protection door when the platform protection door is open. 
     For the advantages of the arrangement according to the invention, reference should be made to the above statements relating to the data transmission system according to the invention. Advantageous refinements of the arrangement according to the invention are specified in dependent claims. 
     Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for transmitting data from a rail vehicle to a trackside device, and vice versa. 
     In order to achieve a method such as this, in which the transmitting and/or receiving elements which are used for transmission and/or reception may become dirty more slowly than in the past, the invention provides that the rail vehicle is stopped at a platform such that at least one rail vehicle door is located in front of a platform protection door, at least one vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving element, which is covered by the rail vehicle door when the latter is closed, is exposed by opening the rail vehicle door, at least one trackside transmitting and/or receiving element which is covered by the platform protection door when the latter is closed is exposed by opening the platform protection door, and data is transmitted unidirectionally or bidirectionally between the two exposed transmitting and/or receiving elements. 
     For the advantages of the method according to the invention, reference should be made to the above statements relating to the data transmission system according to the invention, since the advantages essentially correspond to one another. 
     Video data which is temporarily stored in the rail vehicle during the course of the method is preferably transmitted from the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving element to the trackside transmitting and/or receiving element. 
     The invention will be explained in more detail in the following text with reference to exemplary embodiments; in this case, by way of example: 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING 
         FIG. 1  shows one exemplary embodiment of a rail vehicle according to the invention, whose rail vehicle door is closed; 
         FIG. 2  shows the rail vehicle as shown in  FIG. 1  with the rail vehicle door half open; 
         FIG. 3  shows the rail vehicle as shown in  FIG. 1  with the rail vehicle door open; 
         FIG. 4  shows one exemplary embodiment of an arrangement having a platform protection door and having a trackside transmitting and/or receiving device, in which, in the illustration shown in  FIG. 4 , the platform protection door is closed; 
         FIG. 5  shows the arrangement as shown in  FIG. 4  with the platform protection door half open; 
         FIG. 6  shows the arrangement as shown in  FIG. 4  with the platform protection door open; 
         FIG. 7  shows one exemplary embodiment of a data transmission system according to the invention, having a rail vehicle which is entering a train station area, 
         FIG. 8  shows a data transmission system as shown in  FIG. 7 , in which the rail vehicle has stopped in front of a platform protection door, and 
         FIG. 9  shows the rail vehicle in front of the platform protection door with the doors open. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     For the sake of clarity, the same reference symbols are always used for identical or comparable components in the figures. 
       FIG. 1  shows a rail vehicle  5  which is equipped with a vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving device  10 . The vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving device  10  has a vehicle-side control device  15  and vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving elements  20  to  26 , which are arranged in the area of a rail vehicle door  30  of the rail vehicle  5 . 
     The arrangement of the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving elements  20  to  26  is chosen such that they are covered by the rail vehicle door  30  when the latter is closed.  FIG. 1  shows the rail vehicle door  30  closed, as a result of which the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving elements  20  to  26  are covered, and are separated from the rail track; in order to illustrate this in a drawing, the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving elements  20  to  26  have been represented by dashed lines. 
     The rail vehicle door  30  therefore protects the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving elements  20  to  26  against dirt which originates from the rail track. For example, when the rail vehicle  5  is travelling, dirt and dust can swirl up from the rail track, and could contaminate the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving elements  20  to  26 . However, the rail vehicle door  30  prevents this, because it provides a covering from the rail track. 
     A video monitoring system  35 , which is connected to a camera  40 , is connected to the vehicle-side control device  15  for the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving device  10 . Video data V from the camera  40  is temporarily stored by the video monitoring system  35 , and is transmitted via the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving device  10  to a trackside transmitting and/or receiving device. This will be explained in more detail further below in conjunction with  FIGS. 7 to 9 . 
       FIG. 2  shows the rail vehicle  10  as shown in  FIG. 1 , after the rail vehicle door  30  has been approximately ⅔ opened. As can be seen, the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving elements  20 ,  21 ,  22  and  23  are now no longer covered by the rail vehicle door  30 . These transmitting and/or receiving elements  20  to  23  are accordingly now represented by solid lines, and no longer by dashed lines. The vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving elements  24  to  26 , in contrast, are still covered by the rail vehicle door  30 , as a result of which they are still denoted by dashed lines. 
       FIG. 3  shows the rail vehicle  5  as shown in  FIG. 1  after the rail vehicle door  30  has been completely opened. As can be seen, all seven vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving elements  20  to  26  are now exposed, and can be seen. They are now accordingly denoted by solid lines. 
       FIG. 4  shows one exemplary embodiment of the arrangement having a platform protection door  100 . The platform protection door  100  is part of a platform protection wall  105  which physically separates the rail track  110  from the platform area  115  in a station, which is not shown in any more detail, such that the passengers cannot fall onto the rail track  110  from the platform area  115 . The platform protection door  100  is preferably always closed, except when a rail vehicle is positioned in front of the platform protection door  100  such that the passengers can enter the rail vehicle from the platform area  115 , and can exit from the rail vehicle. The platform protection door  100  is therefore preferably opened only for entering into rail vehicles or for exiting from rail vehicles. 
     Furthermore,  FIG. 4  shows a trackside transmitting and/or receiving device  120  which comprises a trackside control device  125  as well as trackside transmitting and/or receiving elements  130  to  136 . 
     The trackside transmitting and/or receiving elements  130  to  136  are arranged in the area of the platform protection door  100  such that they are covered by the platform protection door  100  and are separated from the rail track  110  when the platform protection door  100  is closed. The platform protection door  100  therefore protects the trackside transmitting and/or receiving elements  130  to  136  against dirt originating from the rail track  110 . For example, when rail vehicles are entering and leaving the station, dust and dirt can swirl up from the rail track  110  and could contaminate the trackside transmitting and/or receiving elements  130  to  136 . However, this is prevented by the platform protection door  100 , since it provides a covering from the rail track  110 . 
     In the illustration shown in  FIG. 4 , the platform protection door  100  is closed, as a result of which the trackside transmitting and/or receiving elements  130  to  136  are covered; they are accordingly represented only by dashed lines. 
       FIG. 5  shows the platform protection door after it has been about two-thirds opened. As can be seen, the transmitting and/or receiving elements  130  to  133  are now no longer covered by the platform protection door  100 ; they are accordingly now denoted by solid lines. The transmitting and/or receiving elements  134  to  136  are still covered by the platform protection door  100  when the latter is in this position, as a result of which they are denoted by dashed lines. 
     In the illustration shown in  FIG. 6 , the platform protection door  100  has been completely opened. As can be seen, the trackside transmitting and/or receiving elements  130  to  136  are now completely exposed, and are available and ready for transmission and/or reception with vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving elements. 
       FIG. 7  shows one exemplary embodiment of a data transmission system, which comprises a vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving device  10  as well as a trackside transmitting and/or receiving device  120 . In the illustration shown in  FIG. 7 , the rail vehicle  5  is entering a station area, in which case both the rail vehicle door  30  and the platform protection door  100  are still closed. The vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving elements  20  to  26  are accordingly still covered by the rail vehicle door  30 ; in a corresponding manner, the platform protection door  100  covers the trackside transmitting and/or receiving elements  130  to  136 . 
     In the illustration shown in  FIG. 8 , the rail vehicle  5  is positioned in front of the platform protection wall  105  such that the rail vehicle door  30  is positioned behind the platform protection door  100 . The positioning is preferably chosen such that the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving elements  20  to  26  and the trackside transmitting and/or receiving elements  130  to  136  are opposite one another in pairs. In the illustration shown in  FIG. 8 , the platform protection door  100  and the rail vehicle door  30  are still closed. 
     Once the rail vehicle  5  has come to rest, the platform protection door  100  and the rail vehicle door  30  are opened, as a result of which the trackside transmitting and/or receiving elements as well as the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving elements are exposed and are opposite one another in pairs, such that unidirectional or bidirectional data transmission is now possible. 
     The data transmission system shown in  FIGS. 7 to 9  may be operated, for example, by using the camera  40  in the rail vehicle  5  to record video data V while the rail vehicle is moving, with this video data V relating to the vehicle interior of the rail vehicle  5  or to the track on which the rail vehicle  5  is moving. The video data V is transmitted to the video monitoring system  35  and is temporarily stored there until the rail vehicle  5  has entered the respective next station area and data transmission is possible with the trackside transmitting and/or receiving device  120  there. 
     As soon as the rail vehicle  5  has been positioned in front of the platform protection door  100  and the rail vehicle door  30  and the platform protection door  100  have been opened, the video monitoring system  35  starts to transmit the temporarily stored video data V via the vehicle-side control device  15  and the vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving elements  20  to  26  to the trackside transmitting and/or receiving elements  130  to  136 , and therefore, in consequence, to the trackside transmitting and/or receiving device  120 . 
     In order to achieve a high data transmission rate, the video data V is preferably transmitted in parallel form, with the data being split between the total of seven transmitting and/or receiving elements  20  to  26  and  130  to  136 , respectively, which are opposite one another in pairs, and being transmitted via the respectively associated transmitting and/or receiving element pairs. 
     By way of example, the transmitting and/or receiving elements  20  to  26  and  130  to  136 , respectively, may be elements which can transmit and/or receive electromagnetic radiation. For example, infrared radiation or radar radiation is transmitted between the transmitting and/or receiving elements, for data transmission.