Abstract:
A vessel of generally conventional design is provided with a hydrographic survey apparatus in which the transducer of the survey apparatus is mounted on a boom swingable about a substantially horizontal axis between a deployed and stowed position. The boom is located in a slot aligned in a vertical plane along the boat&#39;s centerline and extends downward from the boat&#39;s top deck. The boom is mounted at one end near the bow of the boat by attachment to a drive shaft extending beam-wise or transversely across the slot. The drive shaft is operated by a hydraulic rotary actuator. The transducer is mounted on the free end of the boom and is swingable about the drive shaft into and out of the water. The transducer is thus selectively movable from a stowed position to a deployed position in front of the vessel where it is placed in still non-turbulent water, i.e.; water that is free from mechanical vibration and noise of the survey boat and aquatic turbulence from the hull.

Description:
[0001]    The Applicant hereby claims priority of Provisional Application No. 60/089,096 filed Jun. 12, 1998. 
     
    
     
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    The present invention relates to a hydrographic survey apparatus and survey vessel for mapping and surveying the bottom of an ocean, lake or waterway.  
           [0003]    In the past marine surveyors employed transducers placed in the water alongside or behind a vessel. The transducers direct a number of streams of energy, such as sonar or other pulsed energy toward the bottom of the water while the bottom is traversed by the vessel. The transducer receives reflected signals from the water bottom, and produces a raw signal that can be translated into processed survey data producing a map of the water bottom, and or the contents of the water. Sometimes such equipment is augmented with a global positioning satellite (GPS) navigation aid to provide the transducer with the accurate data.  
           [0004]    Until now the transducer has been hung over the side of a survey vessel or behind the boat in order to troll it through the water. This results in the disadvantage that the transducer is subjected to noise from the boat&#39;s engine and the turbulent movement of water around and against the hull of the boat. Since the transducer may be using a sonar arrangement involving emission and reception of sounds as the essential measuring tool, undesirable noise interference compromises the ability of the transducer to produce a clear and useable signal.  
           [0005]    In addition to the foregoing, survey devices of the type found in the prior art are rather large complex devices that are not easily deployed or stowed. Consequently, these devices, and the vessels with which they are used, can not be easily moved from site to site. Certainly, trailering the vessel together with the survey device is not a viable option. This prevents the use of the vessel and survey device on inland lakes and waterways as they can not be transported to the site.  
           [0006]    It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved survey apparatus that overcomes the shortcomings found in the prior art devices.  
           [0007]    It is another object of the present invention to provide a survey apparats that positions transducer so that it is placed in still non-turbulent water, i.e.; water that is free from mechanical vibration and noise of the survey boat and aquatic turbulence from the hull.  
           [0008]    It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a survey vessel having a mechanically deployable transducer.  
           [0009]    It is a further object of the present invention to provide a hydrographic survey apparatus that is simple and compact in construction enabling the maritime survey apparatus and survey vessel to be trailered from site to site.  
           [0010]    The foregoing objects and advantages as well as others will be apparent from the following disclosure of the present invention.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0011]    In accordance with the present invention, a vessel of generally conventional design is provided with a hydrographic survey apparatus in which the transducer of the survey apparatus is mounted on a boom swingable about a substantially horizontal axis between a deployed and stowed position.  
           [0012]    The boom is located in a slot aligned in a vertical plane along the boat&#39;s centerline and extends downward from the boat&#39;s top deck. The boom is mounted at one end near the bow of the boat by attachment to a drive shaft extending beam-wise or transversely across the slot. The drive shaft is operated by a hydraulic rotary actuator. The transducer is mounted on the free end of the boom and is swingable about the drive shaft into and out of the water. The transducer is thus selectively movable from a stowed position to a deployed position in front of the vessel where it is placed in still non-turbulent water, i.e.; water that is free from mechanical vibration and noise of the survey boat and aquatic turbulence from the hull.  
           [0013]    To facilitate movement of the transducer, the front or prow of the vessel may be cut back to form a straight or barge like prow. In another embodiment, the boom may be simply mounted upon the main forward deck of the vessel such that the vessel&#39;s hull does not have to be modified to form a slot.  
           [0014]    Full details of the present invention are described in the following description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING  
       [0015]    In the drawings:  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of the survey vessel and hydrographic survey apparatus according to the present invention;  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the survey vessel depicted in FIG. 1 showing an exploded view of the hydrographic survey apparatus;  
         [0018]    [0018]FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the survey vessel showing the hydrographic survey apparatus in the stowed position;  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 4 is a side elevational view of the survey vessel showing the hydrographic survey apparatus in the deployed position;  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 5 is a front perspective view an alternative embodiment of the hydrographic survey apparatus according to the present invention; 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
       [0021]    As seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, a survey vessel generally depicted by the numeral  10 , is provide with a slot  12  extending vertically from the top deck  14  downwardly and terminating at the main deck  16 , well above the normal high waterline  18 . The slot  12  extends rearwardly from the prow along the vertical central plane of the boat and terminates in aft, starboard and port bulkheads,  20 ,  22  and  24  respectively. The bulkheads are sealed to each other and to the main deck  16  by welding, caulking or the like so as to maintain the integrity of the slot and the boat water tight. It preferable that the survey vessel  10  be approximately twenty to approximately forty-five feet in length so as to permit the easy trailering of the vessel from one survey site to another. Of course, it will be appreciated that the survey apparatus as disclosed herein may be used or adapted for use with any sized vessel.  
         [0022]    Located within the slot  12  is a hydrographic survey apparatus generally depicted by the numeral  26 . The survey apparatus  26  comprises an L-shaped boom  27  having a long leg  28  and a short leg  30 . Secured at the end of the short leg is a cylindrical stub shaft  32  which is mounted to a bushing  34 . The bushing  34  passes through apertures  36  and  38  in the starboard and port bulkheads and is journaled at each end to bearing means enabling the bushing to rotate. The bearing means comprises DELREN Bulkhead Bearings contained interiorly of the hull behind the starboard and port bulkheads  22  and  24 . The bushing  34  is provided with seal means sealing both the apertures  36  and  38  against entry of water making the vertical slot watertight. The bushing  34  fits around and is secured to a drive shaft  40  of a double acting hydraulic rotary actuator  42 . The rotary actuator  42  is of the type that includes a linear two way piston and gearing to translate the linear motion of the piston into rotary movement of the drive shaft  40 . The rotary actuator  42  may be one of the H-Series Rotary Actuators, Models H 6  through H 133  manufactured by OHIO OSCILLATOR, INC.  
         [0023]    The rotary actuator  42  is operably connected by a pair of hoses  44  to a valve device  46 . The valve device  46  permits the operator of the vessel to control the flow of the hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pump  48  into the hydraulic rotary actuator  42 . The operation of the hydraulic pump  48  via the valve device  46  controls the flow of liquid into and out of the rotary actuator  42 , thereby controlling the linear motion of the piston which is translated into the rotational movement of the drive shaft  40 .  
         [0024]    The hydraulic pump  48  and valve device  46  are electronically connected to a power supply and control unit  48  contained in the pilot house of the vessel by electronic leads  49   a  and  49   b , respectively. In this manner, the operator of the vessel can selectively control the operation of valve device  46  via the control unit  48  thereby controlling the operation of the hydraulic pump  48 , rotary actuator and  42  and ultimately the drive shaft  40 .  
         [0025]    Operation of the of the rotary actuator  42  will cause the drive shaft  40  to rotate about its center, thereby causing the boom  27  to swing through an arc of approximately 180 degrees, about the axis of the drive shaft  40 . The operator, via the control unit  48 , can selectively control the rotation of the drive shaft  40  to rotate either in the counterclockwise or clockwise directions. In this manner, the boom  27  can be alternated between a first stowed position wherein the long leg  28  is oriented vertically upward and a second deployed position wherein the long leg  28  extends vertically downward in front of the vessel as best seen in FIG. 4.  
         [0026]    While the boom  27  is shown here as simply L-shaped, it will be understood that this shape may be altered or modified provided the boom allows the transducer to fully move between the stowed and deployed positions, permits freedom of movement on the deck and does not obstruct sight lines. Mounted at the end of the long leg  28  of boom  27  is a pod  50  which holds a transducer capable of conducting underwater hydrographic surveys. The pod  50  is mounted to the boom  27  by a bracket  52  which is secured to a first end of a mounting shaft  54 . A second end of the mounting shaft  54  is inserted within the boom  27  and the mounting shaft is fixedly secured therein.  
         [0027]    The bracket  52  includes a planar surface  53  on which the pod  50  sits and two spaced flanges  55  that extend vertically from the planar surface  53 . When the bracket  52  is secured to the mounting shaft  54 , each flange extends along an opposite side of the mounting shaft  54  as shown in FIG. 2.  
         [0028]    Each flange  55  is provided with a curved throughslot  56  thorough which is inserted one of the mounting bolts. The curved throughslot  56  permits the bracket  52  to be secured to the mounting shaft  54  in an angled or tilted fashion. This enables the operator to manually adjust the angular tilt of the pod  50  and the transducer contained therein. By selectively adjusting the tilt of the transducer, the operator can position the transducer so that it emits signals under and around piers, other vessels or other solid structures such as rock formations or the like. In this manner, the operator can obtain complete and accurate survey information of the geological structure of the survey site.  
         [0029]    The transducer contained within the pod  50  comprises a radar or sonic sensing system, in which one or more radio or sonic wave beams are broadcast into the water and their echo is received and converted into an electrical signal indicative of the shape and distance of the object causing the echo.  
         [0030]    Preferably, the transducer is one of the conventional multi beam transducer systems manufactured by the ODOM HYDROGRAPHIC, SYSTEMS, INC. However, other transducer systems other than those manufactured by ODOM may also be used.  
         [0031]    To facilitate the easy swinging of the boom  27  and to insure that sufficient space is provided for the pod  50  as it passes in front of the prow, it may be desirable to cut-back the prow of the vessel, reducing its sharp pointed configuration, to provide a flat, barge like appearance at least above the water line. The size and configuration of the prow of the boat is not critical and will of course be determined in connection with the configuration and length of the boom, the position at which the boom is mounted to the drive shaft, and the position at which the rotary actuator is mounted to the main deck.  
         [0032]    The vessel  10  will be provided with various equipment and systems to carry out its function as a hydrographic survey vessel. For example, the transducer operating system will include a data processor  58  for operating the transducer, itself and for processing the raw data; recorder devices to record the data both as a visual display as well as written graph. As shown the data processor  58  is electronically connected to the transducer via a plurality of electronic leads  60 . The electronic leads  60  power the transducer and permit the transmission of data to and from the data processor  58 .  
         [0033]    The equipment may also be associated with a Global Positioning Satellite Navigation System (GPS) to record and track accurately the position of the vessel with regard to its survey. Such equipment may be housed below deck or in the pilot house for easy access.  
         [0034]    In normal non-operating conditions, the boom is held in its upright first position. When the vessel reaches the area to be surveyed, the rotary actuator  42  is initiated and the boom  27  swings 180 degrees lowering the pod  50  into the water below and forward of the vessel itself. In this position, the pod  50  rests in relatively still and clean water (i.e. water free of turbulence caused by vibration and movement of the vessel, its wake and engine froth).  
         [0035]    It should be appreciated that other means may be utilized to effectuate the rotary motion of the boom actuator  42 . For example, an pneumatic system may be utilized or a two way electric motor may also be used. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that numerous other means may also be utilized to effectuate the rotary action of the actuator and are within the scope of the present invention.  
         [0036]    [0036]FIG. 5 depicts an alternative embodiment of the hydrographic survey apparatus according to the present inventions. In FIG. 5, the L-shaped boom  27  is mounted on the top deck  14  of a conventional vessel  10   a  which has not been modified and which maintains a cutter like prow. The rotary actuator  42  (not shown) is contained within a protective cowling  62  to maintain the rotary actuator clean and dry.  
         [0037]    Because survey vessel  10   a  has no bow slot, the boom must be affixed to the main deck sufficiently close to the bow to permit the short leg  30  to project clear beyond the bow in the deployed position allowing the long arm to fully enter the water.  
         [0038]    It is apparent that the boom and hydraulic actuator, transducer may be mounted on any type of boat hull and still perform the function according to the present method.  
         [0039]    In order to conduct a survey session, the operator sails to the area to be surveyed while the boom is maintained in its upward or first position. Suitable lashing or ties can be used, preventing vibration of the boom relative to the vessel.  
         [0040]    Once the vessel reaches the survey site the operator deploys and activates the transducer causing the transmission of energy signals in and through the water, the transducer receiving in return the reflected signals. The received signals are transmitted by cable extending from the transducer to the data processor where they are converted into data capable of visual display or recording, as a map of the sea or water. An input from a global positioning satellite (GPS) navigation can be included via the processor so that exact geographic coordinates can continually be matched with incoming data to provide complete and useful hydrographic survey results. To this end the alignment of the transducer and boom with the centerline of the boat allows for a more accurate cooperation between the transducer and the GPS navigation system eliminating the need for adjustments to make the GPS register with the transducer. Since the data streams of both systems depend on the exact position of the receiving equipment, i.e., the transducer for the bottom-mapping data and the GPS antenna for the geographic coordinates to be matched to the bottom-mapping data; such automatic registration eliminates a great deal of operation difficulty.  
         [0041]    At the end of a survey session, the operator reverses the hydraulic actuator bringing the transducer out of the water restoring the boom to is upright stored position.  
         [0042]    An important advantage of deploying the transducer at the front of the vessel lies in the fact that the transducer will move through the water in clean or still water, free from any extraneous noises and vibrations produced by the vessel itself as well as any extraneous noise and vibration of aquatic turbulence which might come from water striking the hull of the boat or wave disturbances or a wake resulting from the boat&#39;s motion. Thus a more reliable and stronger signal can be produced for processing.  
         [0043]    An additional advantage of the present invention is that it permits the survey vessel operator to quickly and conveniently mechanically deploy and stow the transducer from below deck within the pilot house. There is no need for the operator to go on deck to operate or attend to the transducer. Thus the number of men required to operate the survey apparatus is minimized and the operability of the survey vessel in times of cold and inclement weather is possible.  
         [0044]    The foregoing description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form described. Obvious modifications or variations are possible in light of the teachings without departing from the scope of the present invention.