Abstract:
In a backlight unit including fluorescent tubes and a diffusion unit overlapped with each other, optical materials with different transmittances are contained in a holding layer positioned between a diffusion plate and a lenticular lens layers.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a backlight unit that emits light, and to a liquid crystal display device that uses the light from the backlight unit. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     Various kinds of backlight units are conventionally developed that provide light to liquid crystal display panels (non-luminous type display panels) in liquid crystal display devices. As light sources incorporated in area light type backlight units or the like, there may be mentioned, fluorescent tubes, such as hot-cathode tubes or cold-cathode tubes, and LEDs (light emitting diodes). 
     These light sources, when used in modern slim-type, large-screen liquid crystal televisions (liquid crystal display devices), cause various problems. For example, to emit light to a large-screen liquid crystal display panel, a relatively large number of light sources are required to be incorporated in a backlight unit. This increases the size of the backlight unit itself, and thus makes it difficult to obtain a slim-type liquid crystal television. Furthermore, the use of a large number of light sources leads to an increase in the cost of the backlight unit. 
     To prevent the size and the cost of the backlight unit from increasing, an increase in the light emission amount of the light sources in the backlight unit is required. With light sources having a large light emission amount (in short, with high-efficiency light sources), the increase in the size of the backlight unit is prevented due to a reduction in the number of light sources, which in turn reduces the cost of the backlight unit. 
     When the number of light sources in a backlight unit is reduced by employing high-efficiency light sources, however, the intervals between light sources are relatively widened. Consequently, for example, in a case where the light sources are fluorescent tubes, as shown in a sectional view in  FIG. 14 , the intervals V′ between fluorescent tubes  141  and  141  are widened. As a result, whereas portions over the fluorescent tubes  141  are bright, portions over the intervals V′ between the fluorescent tubes  141  and  141  are dim. (Note that “over” means the direction opposite to the direction from the fluorescent tube  141  to a reflecting frame  142 ). That is, there arises a relatively large difference in brightness (unevenness in light amount) between the portions over the fluorescent tubes  141  and the portions over the intervals between the fluorescent tubes  141  and  141 , and this unevenness in light amount leads to unevenness in the light amount of a liquid crystal display device. 
     To solve such problems of unevenness in light amount, an idea has been proposed, as in JP 08-122774, of using a multi-layer type light diffusion plate (also called a diffusion unit) including a lenticular lens layer. 
     The diffusion unit disclosed in JP 08-122774, however, is not used for preventing unevenness in light amount in a liquid crystal display device, but is used for adjusting viewing angle in a liquid crystal display device. Consequently, although the diffusion unit is incorporated in a liquid crystal display device, it is unclear whether or not it can prevent unevenness in light amount. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Preferred embodiments of the present invention provide a diffusion unit capable of preventing unevenness in light amount, and provide a liquid crystal display device that incorporates such a diffusion unit. 
     According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a backlight unit includes: a plurality of light sources; and a diffusion unit in which a lenticular lens layer is disposed, with an optical member containing dispersed particles interposed in between, on a diffusion plate receiving light from the light sources, the diffusion unit being laid over the light sources. 
     One example is a backlight unit in which a plurality of optical members with different transmissivities are included in an interposed layer located between the diffusion plate and the lenticular lens layer. 
     A more specific example is a backlight unit in which linear-shaped optical members are arrayed in parallel or substantially parallel in the interposed layer in the diffusion unit, and in which when a region defined by linear optical members with the same transmissivity being gathered together is called a transmissive region, a plurality of transmissive regions with different transmissivities are formed in the surface of the interposed layer. 
     In the backlight unit described above, it is preferable that the transmissive regions (first transmissive regions) laid at least over the light sources in the overlay direction of light sources and the diffusion unit have a lower transmissivity than the transmissive regions (second transmissive regions) laid only over the intervals between the light sources in the overlay direction of the light sources and the diffusion unit. 
     With this design, the light with a relatively high intensity (head-on light, etc.) from the light sources reaches the first transmissive regions laid at least over the light sources. However, since the first transmissive regions have a relatively low transmissivity, the amount of light which manages to travel by passing through them is small. Thus, in the first transmissive regions, no rise in brightness resulting from the passage of an excessive amount of light occurs. 
     On the other hand, the light which travels by passing through the intervals between light sources reaches the second transmissive regions laid only over the intervals between light sources. However, since the second transmissive regions have a relatively high transmissivity, it is easier for the amount of light which travels by passing through them to reach a certain amount. Thus, no drop in brightness resulting from a shortage of light occurs. As a result, no unevenness in the amount of backlight occurs in the backlight unit described above. 
     Another example is a backlight unit in which a plurality of optical members with different reflectivities are contained in an interposed layer located between the diffusion plate and the lenticular lens layer. 
     A more specific example is a backlight unit in which linear-shaped optical members are arrayed in parallel or substantially parallel with gaps secured therebetween in the interposed layer, and when a region formed by linear optical members with the same reflectivity being gathered together is called a reflective region, a plurality of reflective regions with different reflectivities are provided in the surface of the interposed layer. 
     In the backlight unit described above, it is preferable that the reflective regions (first reflective regions) laid in the overlay direction of light sources and the diffusion unit, at least over the light sources and at least over portions of the intervals between light sources lying in the array direction of the optical members have a higher reflectivity than the reflective regions (second reflective regions) laid, in the overlay direction of the light sources and the diffusion unit, at least over the centers of the intervals between light sources lying in the array direction of the optical members. 
     With this design, a large portion of the light which diverges as it travels from the light sources reaches the first reflective regions—laid at least over the light sources—from which the light is then reflected in various directions. Here, the reflected light travels so as to return to the diffusion plate, from which the light traveling to the first reflective regions has originated. This returning light is then reflected on one surface of the diffusion plate, and travels toward the interposed layer again. When the reflected light travels toward the gaps between optical members, the light then passes through the gaps. That is, by being reflected by the first reflective regions, the light which has failed to pass through the optical members passes through the diffusion unit (the reflected light is reused). 
     In addition, the second reflective regions—laid at least over the centers of the intervals between the light sources lying in the array direction of the optical members—tend to be portions that light is most unlikely to reach; however, the second reflective regions have a relatively low reflectivity. Thus, light tends to be transmitted through rather than be reflected on the second reflective regions. As a result, no unevenness in the amount of backlight occurs in the backlight unit described above. 
     Still another example is a backlight unit in which, in an interposed layer located between the diffusion plate and the lenticular lens layer, when the intervals between optical members created by the optical members being laid discontinuously is called gaps through which light can pass, a plurality of gaps with different areas are formed in the surface of the interposed layer. 
     More specific example is a backlight unit, in which, in the interposed layer of the diffusion unit, gaps with the same area are gathered together as a result of linear optical members with the same area being gathered together, and when a region formed by gaps with the same area being gathered together is called a light-passage region, a plurality of light-passage regions with different gap ratios are provided in the surface of the interposed layer. 
     In the backlight unit described above, it is preferable that the light-passage regions (first light-passage regions) laid at least over the light sources in the overlay direction of the light sources and the diffusion unit have a lower gap ratio than the light-passage region (second light-passage regions) laid only over the intervals between light sources in the overlay direction of the light sources and the diffusion unit. 
     With this design, a relatively large amount of light from the light sources reaches the first light-passage regions laid at least over the light sources. However, due to the first light-passage regions having a relatively low gap ratio, only a small amount of light manages to travel by passing through the gaps. Thus, in the first light-passage regions, no increase in brightness resulting from the passage of an excessive amount of light occurs. 
     On the other hand, light which travels by passing through the intervals between light sources reaches the second light-passage regions laid only over the intervals between light sources. However, due to the second light-passage regions having a relatively high gap ratio, it is easier for the amount of light which travels by passing through the intervals to reach a certain amount, and thus no drop in brightness resulting from a shortage of light occurs. As a result, no unevenness in the amount of backlight occurs in the backlight unit described above. 
     It is preferable that the optical members contained in the first light-passage regions have a lower transmissivity than the optical members contained in the second light-passage regions. 
     With this design, whereas the light which manages to travel by passing through the optical members contained in the first light-passage regions tend to be reduced, the light which travels by passing through the optical members contained in the second light-passage regions tend to be increased. Thus, rise in brightness in the first light-passage regions and drop in brightness in the second light-passage regions are reliably prevented, and thus unevenness in the amount of backlight is further prevented from occurring in the backlight unit described above. 
     Preferably, in the first light-passage regions located next to the center of the surface of the diffusion unit, a plurality of portions with different gap ratios are laid, and among the portions, the portions having a high gap ratio are located closer to the center of the surface of the diffusion unit, while portions having a low gap ratio be located away from the center of the surface of the diffusion unit. 
     With this design, no shortage of brightness occurs in the portions located closer to the center of the surface of the diffusion unit in the first light-passage region. Thus, relatively high brightness is secured at the screen center of the liquid crystal display device incorporating the backlight unit described above. Thus, no degradation in the display quality of the liquid crystal display device occurs that results from a shortage of brightness at the screen center in the liquid crystal display device. 
     In a case where the plurality of portions with different gap ratios in the first light-passage regions divide into two kinds, the backlight unit may be, as one example, so designed that the portions with a high gap ratio have the same gap ratio as the second light-passage regions laid next to the first light-passage regions, and that the portions with a low gap ratio have a lower gap ratio than the second light-passage regions laid next to the first light-passage regions. 
     There is no particular restriction on the light sources in the backlight unit. They may be, for example, fluorescent tubes which are linear light sources or light-emitting elements which are point light sources. However, it is preferable that the linear light sources be arrayed in the same direction in which the optical members are arrayed. This permits the linear light from the linear light sources to effectively reach the optical members which are transmissive, reflective or the like. 
     On the other hand, when the light sources are point light sources and these are arrayed in a matrix, the continuous point light from the point light sources arrayed in the same direction in which rows extend can be regarded as forming linear light, and the continuous point light from the point light sources arrayed in the same direction in which columns extend can be regarded as forming linear light. Thus, in a case where the point light sources are arrayed in a matrix, preferably, the direction in which rows extend or the direction in which the columns extend is the same as the direction in which the optical members are arrayed. This permits the continuous light from the point light sources (linear light) to effectively reach the optical members which are transmissive, reflective or the like. 
     Although there is no particular restriction on the material of dispersed particles contained in the optical members, examples of the dispersed particles include particles of titanium oxide. 
     On the surface of each lenticular lens in the lenticular lens layer, there are formed a plurality of bumps; preferably, the length direction of the bumps extends in the same direction in which the optical members extend. 
     In a liquid crystal display device, etc. incorporating a backlight unit, typically, data lines, which feed data signals to the pixels of a liquid crystal display panel, are arrayed in parallel. In some cases, the direction in which the data lines are arrayed is the same as the direction in which the optical members are arrayed in the backlight unit. However, in the backlight unit, moiré, which is caused by the arrangement of the optical members and the arrangement of data lines, is prevented by the plurality of bumps. 
     A liquid crystal display device having a backlight unit as described above and a liquid crystal display panel that receives light from the backlight unit can also be said to be within the scope of the present invention. 
     According to various preferred embodiments of the present invention, a diffusion unit includes, in its surface, regions with different characteristics (in terms of transmittance, reflectance, etc.). Thus, with the plurality of regions with different characteristics it has, the diffusion unit can vary differently the amount of light from light sources. As a result of light amount being varied, unevenness in the amount of backlight from the backlight unit is prevented. As a result, also in a liquid crystal display device incorporating the backlight unit, unevenness in light amount is prevented, and display quality is enhanced. 
     These and other elements, features, characteristics, steps, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof with reference to the drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is an enlarged view of the shorter-side section in  FIG. 13  described later. 
         FIG. 2A  is an enlarged sectional view of the first transmissive region shown in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 2B  is an enlarged sectional view of the second transmissive region shown in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  is an enlarged sectional view showing another example of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 4A  is an enlarged sectional view of the first reflective region shown in  FIG. 3 . 
         FIG. 4B  is an enlarged sectional view of the second reflective region shown in  FIG. 3 . 
         FIG. 5  is an enlarged sectional view showing another example of  FIGS. 1 and 3 . 
         FIG. 6A  is an enlarged sectional view of the first light-passage region shown in  FIG. 5 . 
         FIG. 6B  is an enlarged sectional view of the second light-passage region shown in  FIG. 5 . 
         FIG. 7  is an enlarged sectional view showing another example of  FIG. 5 . 
         FIG. 8A  is an enlarged sectional view showing the first light-passage region next to, on one side of, the center Z of the surface of the diffusion unit  1  shown in  FIG. 7 . 
         FIG. 8B  is an enlarged sectional view showing the first light-passage region next to, on the other side of, the center Z of the surface of the diffusion unit  1  shown in  FIG. 7 . 
         FIG. 9  is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device incorporating LEDs as light sources. 
         FIG. 10A  is a plan view showing the row direction of LEDs arrayed in a matrix, and optical members arrayed in the same direction as the row direction. 
         FIG. 10B  is a plan view showing the column direction of LEDs arrayed in a matrix, and optical members arrayed in the same direction as the column direction. 
         FIG. 11  is an enlarged sectional view of a lenticular lens layer. 
         FIG. 12  is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device incorporating fluorescent tubes as light sources. 
         FIG. 13  is a three-view drawing of a liquid crystal display device. 
         FIG. 14  is a sectional view of a conventional backlight unit incorporated in a liquid crystal display device. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     First Preferred Embodiment 
     A first preferred embodiment according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that reference signs and hatchings in some drawings are omitted for the sake of convenience; in such cases, other drawings are to be referred to. Note also that a solid black circle on a drawing means a direction perpendicular to the plane of the figures. 
     As shown in an exploded perspective view in  FIG. 12  and a three-view drawing (a plan view, a shorter-side sectional view, and a longer-side sectional view) in  FIG. 13 , a liquid crystal display device  59  has a liquid crystal display panel  51  and a backlight unit  52 . 
     The liquid crystal display panel  51  preferably is a non-luminous type display panel, and it performs a display function by receiving light (backlight) from the backlight unit  52 . Thus, when the light from the backlight unit  52  evenly illuminates the entire surface of the liquid crystal display panel  51 , the display quality of the liquid crystal display panel  51  is enhanced. 
     The backlight unit  52  includes, so as to produce backlight, fluorescent tubes (light sources)  41 , a reflecting frame  42 , and a diffusion unit  1 . 
     The fluorescent tubes (linear light sources)  41  are cold-cathode tubes or hot-cathode tubes, and are linear in shape (bar-shaped, column-shaped, or otherwise shaped) as shown in  FIG. 12  and  FIG. 13 . Moreover, as these fluorescent tubes  41 , a plurality of them are incorporated, arrayed in parallel, inside the backlight unit  52  (though only part of those fluorescent tubes are shown in the drawings for the sake of convenience). Note that, hereinafter, the array direction of the fluorescent tubes  41  will be referred to as the first direction D 1 , and the linear direction (length direction) of the fluorescent tubes  41  will be referred to as the second direction D 2 . 
     The reflecting frame  42  is a box-shaped member having an open side, and the interior surface of the box shape is covered with a light-reflective resin, metal, or other material. The fluorescent tubes  41  are located inside the box shape. Thus, a portion of the radiating light (light radiating from the centers of the fluorescent tubes  41 ) emitted from the fluorescent tubes  41  is reflected and directed into the diffusion unit  1 , etc. Note that the member forming the reflecting frame  42  may itself be formed of a light-reflective resin, metal, or other material. This makes it possible to omit resin, metal, or another material with which to cover the interior surface of the reflecting frame  42 . 
     The diffusion unit  1  is a unit preferably including a plurality of sheets, and is laid over the fluorescent tubes  41  so as to cover them (the direction of overlaying is called the overlay direction P). Thus, the diffusion unit  1  receives the light (emitted light) from the fluorescent tubes  41  and the light (reflected light) from the reflecting frame  42 . In addition, to refract or otherwise treat the received light, the diffusion unit  1  includes a diffusion plate  2  and a lenticular lens layer  3 . Moreover, optical members OD are interposed between the diffusion plate  2  and the lenticular lens layer  3 . 
     Note that unillustrated adhesive (an adhesive layer) is applied to the contact portion between the optical members OD and the diffusion plate  2 , and to the contact portion between the optical members OD and the lenticular lens layer  3 . Thus, the diffusion plate  2  and the lenticular lens layer  3  are preferably integral with each other. 
     Here, the diffusion unit  1  will be described in detail. The diffusion plate  2  incorporated in the diffusion unit  1  is preferably formed of a light reflective resin, such as polycarbonate or methacrylate methylstyrene. 
     On the other hand, the lenticular lens layer  3  is preferably formed of polyethylene terephthalate or the like and has a planar supporter  3   a  and cylindrical lenses (lenticular lenses) LS formed on the supporter  3   a  (see  FIGS. 2A and 2B  described later). In addition, as the cylindrical lenses LS, a plurality of such lenses are arrayed in parallel on the surface of the supporter  3   a . Note that the array direction of the cylindrical lenses LS is the same as the first direction D 1 , which is the array direction of the fluorescent tubes  41 , and furthermore, the length direction of the cylindrical lenses LS is the same as the second direction D 2 , which is the length direction of the fluorescent tubes  41 . 
     The optical members OD are contained in a space (interposed layer  23 ) created as a result of the diffusion plate  2  and the lenticular lens layer  3  facing each other with an interval in between. Thus, the two sheets  2  and  3  are bonded together and made integral by the strength of the adhesive applied to the optical members OD. Note that the optical members OD are preferably formed into the shape of lines (or plates or the like) arrayed in parallel with intervals SP therebetween in the surface of the interposed layer  23  (see  FIGS. 2A and 2B  described later). Note that the array direction of the optical members OD is the same as the first direction D 1 , which is the array direction of the cylindrical lenses LS, and the linear direction (length direction) of the optical members OD is the same as the second direction D 2 , which is the length direction of the cylindrical lenses LS. 
     A plurality of the optical members OD are contained in the interposed layer  23 , but not all the optical members OD have the same characteristics. A description will now be given of the points where their characteristics vary. First, a description will be given from the viewpoint of the transmittance of the optical members OD. 
     From the viewpoint of transmittance as one of their characteristics, a plurality of optical members OD with different transmissivities are contained in the interposed layer  23 . That is, instead of optical members OD all having the same transmissivity, optical members OD having different transmissivities are mixedly contained in the interposed layer. More specifically, when a region formed by linear optical members OD with the same transmissivity being gathered together is called a transmissive region PA, a plurality of transmissive regions PA with different transmissivities are formed in the surface of the interposed layer  23 . Thus, a plurality of transmissive regions PA with different transmissivities lie mixedly in the surface of the diffusion unit  1 . 
     This backlight unit  52  is shown in detail in  FIG. 1 , which is an enlarged sectional view of the shorter-side section in  FIG. 13 , and in  FIGS. 2A and 2B  (which are enlarged sectional views of the portions encircled by broken lines in  FIG. 1 ). Note that W PA1 , which represents the width (shorter-side) of the optical members OD in the later-described first transmissive regions PA 1 , and W PA2 , which represents the width of the optical members OD in the later-described second transmissive regions PA 2 , are the same. 
     It is preferable that the transmissive regions PA (called the first transmissive regions PA 1 ) laid over the fluorescent tubes  41  in the overlay direction P of the fluorescent tubes  41  and the diffusion unit  1  have a lower transmissivity than the transmissive regions PA (called the second transmissive regions PA 2 ) laid only over the intervals between the fluorescent tubes  41  and  41  in the overlay direction P of the fluorescent tubes  41  and the diffusion unit  1 . 
     Although, generally, the light from the fluorescent tubes  41  diverges as it travels, it appears linear in shape owing to the linear shape of the fluorescent tubes  41 . Such light is called linear light, and of linear light, the portions of light (called the head-on light; see the dash-and-dot-line arrows) traveling from the fluorescent tubes  41  into the diffusion unit  1  along the overlay direction P, in particular, have a relatively high intensity. Thus, the portions of the diffusion unit  1  where it is laid over the fluorescent tubes  41  in the overlay direction P tend to be relatively bright. By contrast, the head-on light cannot reach the portions of the diffusion unit  1  where it is laid over the intervals between the fluorescent tubes  41  and  41  in the overlay direction P. Thus, these portions tend to be relatively dim. 
     Here, the backlight unit  52  includes the first transmissive regions PA 1  in the portions of the diffusion unit  1  where it is laid over the fluorescent tubes  41  in the overlay direction P, and includes the second transmissive regions PA 2  in the portions of the diffusion unit  1  where it is laid over the intervals between the fluorescent tubes  41  and  41 . Accordingly, in this backlight unit  52 , the head-on light reaches the first transmissive regions PA 1 , and the light that travels by passing through the intervals between the fluorescent tubes  41  and  41  reaches the second transmissive regions PA 2 . 
     Thus, the head-on light with a relatively high intensity passes through the first transmissive regions PA 1 , which have a lower transmissivity than the second transmissive regions PA 2 ; that is, it passes through the transmissive regions PA 1  with a relatively low transmissivity. This reduces the amount of light which manages to travel by passing through the first transmissive regions PA 1 . As a result, in the first transmissive regions PA 1 , no rise in brightness resulting from the passage of an excessive amount of light occurs. 
     The light that travels by passing through the intervals between the fluorescent tubes  41  and  41 , on the other hand, has a lower intensity than the head-on light. This light with a low intensity passes through the second transmissive regions PA 2  with a higher transmissivity than the first transmissive regions PA 1 ; that is, it passes through the second transmissive regions PA 2  with a relatively high transmissivity. This makes it easier for the amount of light which travels by passing through the second transmissive regions PA 2  to reach a certain amount. As a result, in the second transmissive regions PA 2 , no drop in brightness resulting from a shortage of light occurs. 
     Thus, in the backlight unit  52  above, that is, in a backlight unit in which the transmissivity TY 1 , which is the transmissivity of the first transmissive regions PA 1 , is lower than the transmissivity TY 2 , which is the transmissivity of the second transmissive regions PA 2  (TY 1 &lt;TY 2 ), no excessive rise or drop in brightness occurs in the surface of the diffusion unit  1 , and thus no unevenness in the amount of backlight occurs. In particular, no unevenness in the amount of light (lamp unevenness) resulting from an image of the fluorescent tubes  41  being projected on the liquid crystal display panel  51  occurs. 
     What has been described in terms of light transmissivity above can also be described in terms of light absorptivity (the same reference signs will be adhered to for the same regions etc., even with different names). Specifically, a plurality of optical members OD with different absorptivities may be contained in the interposed layer  23 . That is, instead of optical members OD all having the same absorptivity, optical members OD having different absorptivities are mixedly contained in the interposed layer. More specifically, when a region formed by linear optical members OD with the same absorptivity being gathered together is called an absorptive region PA, a plurality of absorptive regions PA with different absorptivities are formed in the surface of the interposed layer  23 . Thus, a plurality of transmissive regions PA having different absorptivities lie mixedly in the surface of the diffusion unit  1 . 
     In such a case, as shown in  FIGS. 1 ,  2 A and  2 B, it is preferable that the absorptive regions PA (called the first absorptive regions PA) laid over the fluorescent tubes  41  in the overlay direction P of the fluorescent tubes  41  and the diffusion unit  1  have a higher absorptivity than the absorptive regions PA (called the second absorptive regions PA 2 ) laid only over the intervals between the fluorescent tubes  41  and  41  in the overlay direction P of the fluorescent tubes  41  and the diffusion unit  1 . 
     This causes light such as the head-on light reach the first absorptive regions PA 1 , and causes the light that travels by passing through the intervals between the fluorescent tubes  41  and  41 , reach the second absorptive regions PA 2 . Thus, the head-on light is absorbed in the absorptive regions PA 1 , which have a higher absorptivity than the second absorptive regions PA 2 ; that is, it is absorbed in the absorptive regions PA 1  with a relatively high absorptivity. This reduces the amount of light which is not absorbed in the first absorptive regions PA 1  and which thus, for example, manages to travel by passing through the first absorptive regions PA 1 . As a result, in the first transmissive regions PA 1 , no rise in brightness resulting from the passage of an excessive amount of light occurs. 
     The light that travels by passing through the intervals between the fluorescent tubes  41  and  41 , on the other hand, is absorbed in the second absorptive regions PA 2 , which have a lower absorptivity than the first absorptive regions PA 1 ; that is, it is absorbed in the second absorptive regions PA 2  with a relatively low absorptivity. This makes it easier for the amount of light which is not absorbed in the second transmissive regions PA 2  and which thus, for example, manages to travel by passing through the second transmissive regions PA 2  to reach a certain amount. As a result, in the second transmissive regions PA 2 , no drop in brightness resulting from a shortage of light occurs. 
     Thus, in the backlight unit  52  above, that is, in a backlight unit in which the absorptivity AY 1 , which is the absorptivity of the first absorptive regions PA 1 , is higher than the absorptivity AY 2 , which is the absorptivity of the second absorptive regions PA 2  (AY 1 &gt;AY 2 ), no excessive rise or drop in brightness occurs in the surface of the diffusion unit  1 , and thus no unevenness in the amount of backlight occurs. 
     Second Preferred Embodiment 
     A second preferred embodiment will now be described. Note that members having similar functions to those used in the first preferred embodiment are identified by common reference numerals, and no description of them will be repeated. The description of this preferred embodiment pays attention to, among the characteristics of the optical members OD, their reflectance. 
     From the viewpoint of reflectance as one of their characteristics, a plurality of optical members OD with different reflectivities are contained in the interposed layer  23 . That is, instead of optical members OD all having the same reflectivity, optical members OD having different reflectivities are mixedly contained in the interposed layer. More specifically, when a region formed by linear optical members OD with the same reflectivity being gathered together is called a reflective region RA, a plurality of reflective regions RA with different reflectivities are formed in the surface of the interposed layer  23 . Thus, a plurality of reflective regions RA having different reflectivities lie mixedly in the surface of the diffusion unit  1 . 
     This backlight unit  52  is shown in detail in  FIG. 3 , which is an enlarged sectional view of the shorter-side section in  FIG. 13 , and in  FIGS. 4A and 4B  (which are enlarged sectional views of the parts encircled by broken lines in  FIG. 3 ). Note that W RA1 , which represents the width of the optical members OD in the later-described first reflective regions RA 1 , and W RA2 , which represents the width of the optical members OD in the later-described second reflective regions RA 2 , are the same. 
     It is preferable that the reflective regions RA (called the first reflective regions RA 1 ) laid, in the overlay direction P of the fluorescent tubes  41  and the diffusion unit  1 , over the fluorescent tubes  41  and at least portions of the intervals between the fluorescent tubes  41  and  41  lying in the array direction of the optical members OD (first direction D 1 ) have a higher reflectivity than the reflective regions RA (called the second reflective regions RA 2 ) laid, in the overlay direction P of the fluorescent tubes  41  and the diffusion unit  1 , over at least the centers of the intervals between the fluorescent tubes  41  and  41  lying in the array direction of the optical members OD. 
     Generally, the light from the fluorescent tubes  41  diverges as it travels. That is, the light travels in a form radiating from the fluorescent tubes  41  themselves as shown in the sectional view in  FIG. 3  (see the dash-dot-dot-line arrows). Thus, a large portion of the light which diverges as it travels from the fluorescent tubes  41  reaches the first reflective regions RA 1 , which have a higher reflectivity than the second reflective regions RA 2 , that is, the first reflective regions RA 1  with a relatively high reflectivity, from which the light is then reflected in various directions. 
     Here, the reflected light travels so as to return to the diffusion plate  2 , from which the light traveling to the first reflective regions RA 1  (see the solid-line arrow) has originated. This returning light is then reflected on one surface of the diffusion plate  2 , and travels toward the interposed layer  23  again (see the solid-line arrow). When the reflected light travels toward the gaps SP between optical members OD and OD, the light then passes through the gaps SP. 
     That is, by being reflected by the first reflective regions RA 1 , the light which has failed to pass through the optical members OD passes through the diffusion unit  1 . In this way, the reflected light is reused. Moreover, as a result of a relatively large amount of light being reflected on the first reflective regions RA 1 , only a small amount of light remains unreflected (for example, it is instead transmitted). This prevents a rise in brightness resulting from the passage of an excessive amount of light from occurring in the reflective regions RA 1 . 
     In addition, the second reflective regions RA 2 , laid at least over the centers of the intervals between the fluorescent tubes  41  and  41  lying in the first direction D 1 , which is the array direction of the optical members OD, tend to be portions that light is most unlikely to reach. The second reflective regions RA 2 , however, have a lower reflectivity than the first reflective regions RA 1 , that is, the second reflective regions RA 2  have a relatively low reflectivity. Accordingly, as a result of a relatively small amount of light being reflected on the second reflective regions RA 2 , a large amount of light remains unreflected (for example, it is instead transmitted). Thus, no drop in brightness resulting from a shortage of light occurs in the second reflective regions RA 2 . 
     Thus, in the backlight unit  52  above, that is, in a backlight unit in which the reflectivity RY 1 , which is the reflectivity of the first reflective regions RA 1 , is higher than the reflectivity RY 2 , which is the reflectivity of the second reflective regions RA 2  (RY 1 &gt;RY 2 ), no excessive rise or drop in brightness occurs in the surface of the diffusion unit  1 , and thus no unevenness in the amount of backlight occurs. 
     Third Preferred Embodiment 
     A third preferred embodiment will now be described. Note that members having similar functions to those used in the first and second preferred embodiments are identified by common reference numerals, and no description of them will be repeated. In this preferred embodiment, a description will be given of the gaps SP created between optical members OD and OD. 
     The optical members OD lie discontinuously in the interposed layer  23 . Thus, gaps SP through which light can pass are created between optical members OD and OD. When the proportion occupied by the gaps SP per predetermined area of the diffusion unit  1  is defined as the gap ratio (or called the aperture ratio), the following can be said about the backlight unit  52 . 
     In the surface of the interposed layer  23  in the diffusion unit  1  of the backlight unit  52 , a plurality of gaps SP having different areas are formed; thus, instead of gaps SP all having the same area, gaps SP having different areas are mixedly contained in the interposed layer. 
     More specifically, in the interposed layer  23 , gaps SP with the same area are gathered together as a result of linear optical members OD with the same area being gathered together, and when a region formed by gaps SP with the same area being gathered together is called a light-passage region HA, a plurality of light-passage regions HA with different gap ratios are formed in the surface of the interposed layer  23 . Thus, a plurality of light-passage regions HA with different gap ratios lie mixedly in the surface of the diffusion unit  1 . 
     This backlight unit  52  is shown in detail in  FIG. 5 , which is an enlarged sectional view of the shorter-side section in  FIG. 13 , and in  FIGS. 6A and 6B  (which are enlarged sectional views of the parts encircled by broken lines in  FIG. 6 ). Note that W HA1 , which represents the width of the optical members OD in the later-described first light-passage regions HA 1 , and W HA2 , which represents the width of the optical members OD in the later-described second light-passage regions HA 2 , are not the same, but W HA1 &gt;W HA2 . 
     It is preferable that the light-passage regions HA (called the first light-passage regions HA 1 ) laid, in the overlay direction P of the fluorescent tubes  41  and the diffusion unit  1 , at least over the fluorescent tubes  41  have a lower gap ratio than the light-passage regions HA (called the second light-passage regions HA 2 ) laid, in the overlay direction P of the fluorescent tubes  41  and the diffusion unit  1 , only over the intervals between the fluorescent tubes  41  and  41 . 
     Generally, a relatively large amount of light (the head-on light, etc) reaches the first light-passage regions HA 1 . However, in the first light-passage regions HA 1 , which have a lower gap ratio than the second light-passage regions HA 2 , that is, in the first light-passage regions HA 1  with a relatively low gap ratio, due to the low gap ratio, only a small amount of light manages to travel by passing through the gaps. Thus, even though a relatively large amount of light reaches the first light-passage regions HA 1 , the light does not travel excessively through the gaps SP. As a result, in the first light-passage regions HA 1 , no rise in brightness resulting from the passage of an excessive amount of light occurs. 
     On the other hand, a relatively small amount of light which travels by passing through the intervals between light sources reaches the second light-passage regions HA 2 . However, in the second light-passage regions HA 2 , which have a high gap ratio than the first light-passage regions HA 1 , that is, in the second light-passage regions HA 2  with a relatively high gap ratio, due to the high gap ratio, it is easier for the amount of light which travels by passing through the intervals to reach a certain amount. Thus, even though only a relatively small amount of light reaches the second light-passage regions HA 2 , the light travels sufficiently through the gaps SP. As a result, in the second light-passage regions HA 2 , no drop in brightness resulting from a shortage of light occurs. 
     Thus, in the backlight unit  52  above, that is, in a backlight unit in which the gap ratio GY 1 , which is the gap ratio of the first light-passage regions HA 1 , is lower than the gap ratio GY 2 , which is the gap ratio of the second light-passage regions HA 2  (GY 1 &lt;GY 2 ), no excessive rise or drop in brightness occurs in the surface of the diffusion unit  1 , and thus no unevenness in the amount of backlight occurs. 
     Note that the first light-passage regions HA 1  are the same regions as the first transmissive regions PA 1 , and the second light-passage regions HA 2  are the same regions as the second transmissive regions PA 2 . Thus, it is preferable that the optical members OD contained in the first light-passage regions HA 1  have a lower transmissivity than the optical members OD contained in the second light-passage regions HA 2 . 
     With this design, in the first light-passage regions HA 1  (first transmissive regions PA 1 ), not only the light which manages to travel by passing through the gaps SP is reduced to a relatively small amount, but the light which travels by passing through the optical members OD contained in the first light-passage regions HA 1  is also reduced to a relatively small amount. By contrast, in the second light-passage regions HA 2  (second transmissive regions PA 2 ), not only the light which manages to travel by passing through the gaps SP is increased to a relatively large amount, but the light which travels by passing through the optical members OD contained in the second light-passage regions HA 2  is also increased to a relatively large amount. 
     That is, the adjustment of light amount owing to the gaps SP and the adjustment of light amount by passing through of the optical members OD are performed simultaneously, and thus unevenness in the amount of backlight is further prevented from occurring in the backlight unit. 
     In the liquid crystal display device  59  incorporating the backlight unit  52 , typically, relatively high brightness needs to be secured at the screen center (the center of the liquid crystal display panel  51 ). Thus, if brightness is insufficient in the first light-passage regions HA 1 , which are close to the center Z (see  FIG. 12 ) of the surface of the diffusion unit  1 , the center Z corresponding to the screen center, degraded display quality on the liquid crystal display device  59  may result. 
     This backlight unit  52  is shown in detail in  FIG. 7 , which is an enlarged sectional view of the shorter-side section in  FIG. 13 , and in  FIGS. 8A and 8B  (which are enlarged sectional views of the parts encircled by broken lines in  FIG. 7 ) Specifically, a plurality of portions HA 1   S1  and HA 1   S2  with different gap ratios are laid in the first light-passage regions HA 1   a  and HA 1   b , which are located next to the center Z of the surface of the diffusion unit  1 . Note that W HA1S1 , which represents the width of the optical members OD in the portions HA 1   S1 , and W HA1S2 , which represents the width of the optical members OD in the portions HA 1   S2 , are not the same, but W HA1S1 &lt;W HA1S2 . 
     It is preferable that, among the portions HA 1   S1 , and HA 1   S2 , the portions HA 1   S1 , having a high gap ratio be located closer to the center Z of the surface of the diffusion unit  1 , and the portions HA 1   S2  having a low gap ratio be located away from the center Z of the surface of the diffusion unit  1 . This makes the portions HA 1   S1  brighter than the portions HA 1   S2 , and thus no shortage of brightness occurs in the screen center of the liquid crystal display panel  51 . 
     As shown in  FIGS. 7 ,  8 A and  8 B, in a case where the plurality of portions with different gap ratios in the first light-passage regions HA 1  divide into two kinds (parts HA 1   S1  and portions HA 1   S2 ), the backlight unit  52  may be, as one example, so designed that the portions HA 1   S1 , with a high gap ratio have the same gap ratio as the second light-passage regions HA 2  laid next to the first light-passage regions HA 1 , and that the portions HA 1   S2  with a low gap ratio have a lower gap ratio than the second light-passage regions HA 2  laid next to the first light-passage regions HA 1 . 
     With this design, instead of portions with a gap ratio that neither the first light-passage regions HA 1  nor the second light-passage regions HA 2  has being newly formed, portions with the same gap ratio as the second light-passage regions HA 2  are only extended into the first light-passage regions HA 1 . This makes it easy to fabricate the diffusion unit  1 . 
     Note that, although there is no particular restriction on the gap ratio, the first light-passage regions HA 1  are given a gap ratio of about 20% (more specifically, a gap ratio higher than 0% but lower than 30%), and the second light-passage regions HA 2  are given a gap ratio of about 30%, for example. 
     Other Preferred Embodiments 
     It is to be understood that the preferred embodiments described above are not meant to limit the present invention, which allows many variations and modifications within the scope not departing from the spirit of the invention. 
     For example, although the description above deals with an example in which fluorescent tubes  41  are preferably used as light sources, this is not meant to limit the invention; as shown in an exploded perspective view in  FIG. 9 , it is also possible, instead, to use LEDs (light emitting diodes)  48 , which are point light sources, as light sources. 
     In a case where the LEDs  48  are arrayed in a matrix, as shown in  FIG. 10A , preferably, the row direction X of the LEDs  48  arrayed in a matrix is the same as the first direction D 1 , which is the array direction of the optical members OD. On the other hand, as shown in  FIG. 10B , preferably, the column direction Y of the LEDs  48  arrayed in a matrix is the same as the first direction D 1 , which is the array direction of the optical members OD. 
     That is, when the LEDs  48  are arrayed in a matrix, it is preferable that the direction in which rows extend (row direction X) or the direction in which columns extend (column direction Y) in the matrix be the same as the array direction (first direction D 1 ) of the optical members OD. 
     Generally, the light traveling from LEDs  48  that are arrayed in the row direction X or the column direction Y in a matrix into the diffusion unit  1  can be said to be continuous light (linear light). Thus, if the optical members OD are arrayed in the same direction as the array direction of continuous light (namely the row direction X or the column direction Y), as in the backlight unit  52  incorporating the fluorescent tubes  41 , the occurrence of unevenness in the amount of backlight is prevented. 
     Two directions (the row direction X or the column direction Y) can be assumed as the array direction of continuous light, and thus, in a case of the backlight unit  52  incorporating the LEDs  48 , two directions can be assumed also as the array direction of the various regions described above (the first transmissive regions PA 1  and the second transmissive regions PA 2 , the first absorptive regions PA 1  and the second absorptive regions PA 2 , the first reflective regions RA 1  and the second reflective regions RA 2 , and the first light-passage regions HA 1  and the second light-passage regions HA 2 ). 
     The first transmissive regions PA 1 , the first absorptive regions PA 1 , the first reflective regions RA 1 , and the first light-passage regions HA 1  are laid, as seen in the overlay direction P, not only over the LEDs  48 , but also over the intervals between the LEDs  48  and  48 . Thus, these regions PA 1 , RA 1 , and HA 1  can be said to be regions that are laid at least over the LEDs  48  in the overlay direction P. By contrast, the second transmissive regions PA 2 , the second absorptive regions PA 2 , the second reflective regions RA 2 , and the second light-passage regions HA 2  can be said to be regions that are not laid over the LEDs  48  in the overlay direction P (regions laid only over the intervals between the LEDs  48  and  48 ). 
     So long as the optical members OD include at least a base ingredient and dispersed particles, there is no particular restriction on their materials. Examples of the base ingredient include acrylic resin, and examples of the dispersed particles include particles of titanium oxide. 
     In a case of optical members OD containing acrylic resin with titanium oxide dispersed in them as mentioned above, through adjustment of, for example, the composition of titanium oxide, the particle diameter of titanium oxide, and the dispersion amount of titanium oxide, there have been obtained optical members OD that offer various characteristics (in terms of transmittance, absorptance, and reflectance). 
     There is no particular restriction on the location of the optical members OD; however, as shown in  FIGS. 2 ,  4 ,  6 , and  8 , it is preferable that the optical members OD be laid over the seams VY (valleys VY) between the cylindrical lenses LS and LS in the overlay direction P. The reason is that the light incident on the valleys VY is less affected by the refraction by the cylindrical lenses LS, and thus, covering the valleys VY with the optical members OD helps prevent generation of light traveling without being affected by refraction. 
     In the liquid crystal display device  59  incorporating the backlight unit  52 , typically, data lines, which feed data signals to the pixels of the liquid crystal display panel  51 , are arrayed in parallel. In some cases, the array direction of the data lines is the same as the array direction of the optical members OD in the backlight unit  52 . In such a case, moiré, which is caused by the arrangement of the optical members OD and the arrangement of data lines, appears on the liquid crystal display panel  51 . 
     In order to prevent moiré, on the surface of each cylindrical lens LS in the lenticular lens layer  3 , as shown in a sectional view in  FIG. 11 , there are formed a plurality of bumps GB, GB, and GB; preferably, the length direction of the bumps GB, GB, and GB extends in the same direction in which the optical members OD extend. 
     With this design, by the bumps GB, GB, and GB, the regularity which occurs between the arrangement of the optical members OD and the arrangement of the data lines is cancelled, and thus moiré is prevented. 
     While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it is to be understood that variations and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing the scope and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention, therefore, is to be determined solely by the following claims.