Abstract:
Injury to the digits, hand and wrist are associated with the frequent usage of portable hand-held electronic devices (“PEDs”), including but not limited to smartphones. This is true as well for injury to the neck and shoulder areas. The potential for injury to the digits, hand and wrist in particular is anticipated to be exacerbated by the larger smartphones, and especially the tablet-like smartphones. The ergonomic accessory of the invention has several embodiments whose design is intended to ameliorate if not prevent such injuries. Certain embodiments are partially or fully case-like in form so that they envelope to a greater or lesser degree, such hand-held electronic devices. Another embodiment attaches to a PED through an element of the PED such as the charging socket. The accessory also removably attaches the hand of the user or provides a secure holding surface for the user.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This non-provisional application claims priority from U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 62/082,314, filed Nov. 20, 2014 and entitled “Adjustable Accessory Having Optional Wearable Technology for Connecting a Hand Held Device to the Finger(s) of the Device User.” 
     
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Field of the Invention 
       [0002]    An ergonomic accessory having the various embodiments of the present invention are intended to facilitate the safe use of portable hand-held electronic devices (“PEDs”), particularly smartphones and the larger tablet-like devices often referred to as “phablets.” In certain embodiments, this ergonomic accessory is designed to envelope to a greater or lesser degree, and thus attach to a PED in a partial, or fully, case-like manner. Another embodiment involves connection of the ergonomic accessory of the present invention directly to a PED at a single point, or locus, of attachment. This ergonomic accessory, depending on specifically which of the proposed embodiments is chosen and which of the various ergonomic features are employed in its design, is securely joined to the hand of the user by a simple gripping action, or by connection to one or more of the digits of the hand in a tethering action by way of a strategically placed ergonomic cord, the result being a conjoinment of user and PED. 
       The Related Art 
       [0003]    The human hand, and the extended hand/wrist “system,” are extraordinarily complex anatomically, comprising a carefully articulated construct of bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles and nerves. Misuse, including excessively frequent, prolonged and/or forceful use, may lead to a variety of adverse musculoskeletal and nervous system health effects commonly referred to as Repetitive Strain Injuries (“RSI&#39;s”), known also as “repetitive stress injuries” or “cumulative trauma disorders.” Signs of such injury may include aches, pains, soreness, a burning or tingling sensation, spasms, tenderness, swelling and fatigue. Continued overuse may in turn lead to chronic musculoskeletal injuries such as arthritis (particularly at the base of the thumb), tendonitis, bursitis, and de Quervain Syndrome (inflammation, or stenosing tenosynovitis, of the tendon sheath in the thumb). Perhaps the most well known and widely treated such injury is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, involving inflammation of the sheath surrounding the nerve bundle connecting hand to arm as, for example, a result of excessive keyboard use. 
         [0004]    Problems of this type have long been well known and documented in traditional industries. Such injuries started to surface anew globally in the workplace in the 1970s as attributed to the widespread use of computers requiring long periods of repetitive motions at a keyboard. Beginning in the 1980s, with the advent of new personal technologies, issues known in the common vernacular as “Nintendo Thumb” and “Gamer&#39;s Grip” were emerging. More recently, neologisms such as “BlackBerry Thumb,” “Cellphone Thumb,” and “Texter&#39;s Thumb” (all more broadly referred to by some as “iPhonitis”) have been applied to injuries related to the use of smartphones in particular. 
         [0005]    Recently too, what is referred to as “Text Neck” has drawn a focused concern. This painful condition may result from the extreme bending forward of the head, and the consequent strain to the musculoskeletal system in the neck and shoulder/upper back area, necessary to view and manipulate the screen of a PED when held in its customary (i.e., more horizontal than vertical) position. Overly frequent and/or prolonged PED usage can precipitate or exacerbate this condition. 
         [0006]    Determining a specific diagnosis from the symptoms described above may be difficult enough, and drawing a definitive linkage to excessive use of PEDs may be even more speculative yet in each individual circumstance. However, it is clear that as PEDs assume an even more fundamental role in everyone&#39;s day-to-day lives, the health issues described above are becoming of increased concern and greater in apparent incidence. Evidence of such problems, certainly from at least an anecdotal viewpoint, are on the rise. The increasing trend toward the use of the larger smartphones (i.e. “phablets”) of increased screen size, is fully expected to exacerbate hand injury potential. 
         [0007]    Usage of PEDs, smartphones in particular, involves the simple act of gripping the device to make it secure in the hand and to facilitate its manipulation. An excessively tight grip may lead to undue pressure on the soft tissue of the hand and digits; the resultant tissue compression, and its accompanying impact on the nerves and the obstruction of free blood flow, may lead to numbness, a tingling sensation, and other disorders, This is especially so with overly frequent or prolonged PED usage. 
         [0008]    Smartphone usage also involves manipulation of the controls of the device by pushing buttons and touching and tapping at the screen surface. The fingers, in various modes and combinations, may be used for these purposes. Soft tissue issues similar to those described above may also occur in the fingers as a result of excessively frequent, prolonged and/or forceful such use. 
         [0009]    The thumb alone may be principally involved in the operation of a PED/smartphone when the device is used in one hand only (thereby leaving the second hand free to accomplish other tasks). Soft tissue injury and other more serious problems to the thumb may occur, such as irritation, swelling, strained muscles and inflammation of the tendon sheath of the thumb. Further problems may occur at the base of the thumb when the device is pressed too firmly at this location or when the thumb is repeatedly used in an awkward position to reach all smartphone screen areas. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0010]    The accessory of the present invention, depending on which of its proposed embodiments is chosen, incorporates key ergonomic features, or elements, designed to mitigate adverse health effects to the hand and digits as well as to the neck/upper torso area. 
         [0011]    First, the ergonomic accessory, in one embodiment, employs flexible, resilient and compliant cushions integrated into a case-like structure that fully circumscribes the edges of a PED. These cushioned elements are placed at the customary gripping positions of the PED such that the desired ergonomic benefits are realized. 
         [0012]    Second, the ergonomic accessory, in another embodiment, incorporates a tether element, or cord, attached at a peculiar and particular location on the accessory body in a configuration designed to couple and conjoin the digit(s) and hand of the user to the PED. The tether element joins the body of the ergonomic accessory at two points in such manner that when the ergonomic accessory is attached to the PED, the digit(s), when inserted beneath the tether, will lay between the tether element and the PED. This type of tethering arrangement is proposed in two embodiments, one in which the tether element is located at the side edge of a PED, and one in which the tether element is at the rear face of a PED, when the ergonomic accessory to which the tether element is combined is clipped, or joined to, the PED. The body of the ergonomic accessory is proposed to be of a partial case-like form, and alternatively it may be in the form of a full case-like form which completely circumscribes the periphery of a PED. 
         [0013]    The first and second general embodiments of the ergonomic accessory may be employed separately as described, or both embodiments may be combined together in a single embodiment providing the full range of ergonomic advantages. 
         [0014]    Alternatively, in a further embodiment of the ergonomic accessory of the invention, the tether element may attach at a single point at the bottom edge of a PED in various manners. The tether element is designed to envelope one or more digits in a loop fashion at its far end with the result of joining the user to the PED such that the accessory&#39;s ergonomic benefits are employed. 
         [0015]    The ergonomic purposes and benefits of these various embodiments of the accessory of the present invention are set forth in detail below. 
         [0016]    A highly flexible, elastic and compressible element will, to a greater or lesser degree, comprise both side edges of a case-like PED/smartphone ergonomic accessory. By compressing and conforming to the shape of the hand and digits pressing along the edges of the accessory, such cushioned side-edge elements of the ergonomic accessory will spread the grip forces acting against the user&#39;s soft tissue. Thus, for any given magnitude of grip force that may be exerted, grip pressure (measured as force per unit of area upon which such force is exerted) on the soft tissue will be reduced as the force is extended over a greater total tissue surface area. Soft tissue injury potential will accordingly be diminished. 
         [0017]    The sufficiently flexible, form-changing ergonomic side-edge cushion elements of the ergonomic accessory of the present invention will do even more to mitigate soft tissue injury due to mechanical compression. By virtue of conforming to the contours of the hand and digits, the cushioned side-edge elements will, in the first instance, allow for a softening of the grip on the PED necessary to hold and manipulate it without fear of losing control of and/or dropping the device. Simply put, the PED will not so easily be able to slide out of the hand as would be the situation with conventional PED cases having hard, smooth, glossy or polished—and thus slippery—surfaces. The end result is an even further reduction in the pressure exerted against the soft tissue of the hand and digits which is necessary to control a PED. 
         [0018]    A textured surface to the ergonomic side-edge cushion elements, coupled with the use of a “sticky” non-slip surficial material used in their construction, will enhance these ergonomic benefits by producing a yet further incremental reduction in the need to tighten the grip on a PED necessary to secure and use it. Additionally, these ergonomic side-edge elements will not only be highly compressible, they will be highly elastic, rebounding to their original shape very quickly. These elastic edges will thus be available to be recompressed so as to provide the desired cushioning effect again and again as the hand and digits are continually moved along the PED edges. The extent to which the side-edge ergonomic elements will be designed to change shape against grip forces will, while maintaining the desired ergonomic benefit, be tempered by the need to allow unfettered movement of the hand and digits necessary for free use of a PED. 
         [0019]    A tether element is incorporated into one embodiment of the ergonomic accessory. When the ergonomic accessory is coupled to a PED in the manner intended by virtue of its design, this tether element will be positioned peculiarly, particularly and importantly to reside most proximate to, and facing, the palm of the hand in which the device is used. This ergonomic tether element is described herein in different embodiments to be placed on the ergonomic accessory at its side edge or at its rear face. The ergonomic accessory itself may, as preferred, be of a partial, or a full, case-like design. 
         [0020]    The ergonomic tether element will have elastic properties and will have an optimum level of initial elastic tension in its unused, or “resting” position so as to provide both comfort to the user and a secure joining action of the digits of the hand to the ergonomic accessory/PED couplet. To achieve the proper level of tension (and thus tightness) for individual functionality and comfort purposes, the initial tension level of the ergonomic tether element can be adjusted by way of a friction slide incorporated into the ergonomic accessory&#39;s design. It is intended that the PED user will insert any digit or combination of digits between the tether and the ergonomic accessory/rear PED surface. In so doing, the tether element will serve to comfortably enfetter, or conjoin, the user to the PED. 
         [0021]    The user may insert the digits as little, or as far forward beneath the tether element as he or she wishes to do. In any and all such positions employed, the PED will be securely held for use in defiance of the effects of gravity. In addition, the tether, due to its positioning on the ergonomic accessory, prevents the PED from flipping, or rotating, out of the hand even when the PED is balanced at the very tips of the fingers. 
         [0022]    By virtue of the design and properties described above, the tether element of the ergonomic accessory allows the PED user to rotate the palm of the hand to a more vertical position (in relation to the horizontal plane of the screen of the PED) when compared to the use of uncased PEDs or conventional PED cases. This is a subtle but critical advantage in that it allows the thumb to be placed more “over the top” of the screen, thus enabling it to more easily reach all sectors of the device&#39;s screen, both near and far, including those screen sectors referred to as the “strain” areas. This places a lower level of strain on the thumb through its less awkward positioning and a reduction in movement required at the extremes of its range of motion. What is accomplished here is a reduction in the degree of abduction of the thumb, an important predisposing factor in the production of RSI to the thumb. This is a special advantage to the use of the larger hand-held phablet devices which are seen in increasing usage. Viewed another way, the thumb has “grown longer” in terms of its ability to manipulate the previously more remote, less reachable screen areas that fall out of the user&#39;s “comfort zone.” The key to enabling these extreme positional placements and movements of the thumb, and providing the functional and ergonomic benefits described, is the ergonomic accessory&#39;s unique positioning of the tether at the extreme edge of the PED proximate to the palm of the hand. Noteworthy too, the more vertical repositioning of the hand allowed through use of the tether has an additional benefit to the wrist, allowing it to remain in a more neutral position of lesser strain. 
         [0023]    The tethering arrangement described above allows for a looser grip (if not entirely eliminating the need for employment of any gripping action at all) on the PED without fear of it being dropped. This means a more relaxed hand. The correspondingly “softer touch” of the thumb that this enables helps to compensate for its lower degree of dexterity (when compared to the fingers). The net effect is even less strain on the thumb. And, by allowing the thumb to operate more in its comfort zone, rather than at the strained extremes of its range of motion, speedy use of a smartphone—particularly during texting—is not compromised as it might otherwise be. 
         [0024]    The tethering arrangement also reduces the need for excessive movement of the four digits of the hand (i.e., those other than the thumb), and the larger hand, to control the PED and manipulate the touch screen, reducing in turn the potential for fatigue and the more serious adverse repetitive motion injury effects. 
         [0025]    While, in the use of the ergonomic accessory, the tether element is at its ends fixed in position in relationship to the body of the PED (as may be true of other alternative devices intended to connect the user to the PED), as a concept the tethering arrangement alone confers the advantage of allowing the hand and digits to “roam” spatially in a generally unimpeded way vis a vis the body and screen of the PED. The effect is as though the tether itself is moving in the way that its functionality is maintained. Viewed another way, the PED is in a sense “floating” on the fingertips of the user. The fingers held by the tether element are still able to freely move up and down in the direction of the vertical axis of the PED, and to move further in or out from the grasp of the tether element along the longitudinal axis, or width, of the PED, all the while enabling the ergonomic benefits of the tether as described above to be maintained as the thumb reaches for all areas of the screen, near and far and whenever and wherever needed. As these ergonomic benefits are conferred, the tether element continues to do its job holding the user&#39;s digits in a loose relationship (where such looseness too, is an ergonomic advantage), lightly but securely, to the PED. 
         [0026]    The tethering arrangement also eliminates the fear of the PED being dropped. Wrist flexion and torsion can thereby be reduced when the effects of gravity are no longer to be feared. The consequent ability to maintain the wrist in a “neutral” position where it is straight, and not bent, will reduce the potential for overuse and injury surfacing at the wrist as well as the hand. 
         [0027]    In another embodiment, a cord element of the ergonomic accessory of the present invention may connect to a PED at a single point either directly through a connecting component, or by attachment to a partial or full case-like component enveloping to varying degrees, the PED. At an intermediate point in its length, the cord element is proposed to be looped around one or more digits of the PED user, as preferred, thus completing the PED/user connection. In so doing, all of the ergonomic benefits described in the above section will obtain. 
         [0028]    In this embodiment, the ergonomic accessory has the broader purpose of serving as a physical platform into which, as may be desired, a broad and potentially unlimited variety of external technological components related to the function and capability of PEDs may be introduced in a “wearable” form. Decorative components may be added to the cord element as well such that it becomes an item of jewelry, or fashion. 
         [0029]    Conventionally, a PED is used with the screen more in the fully, or near fully, horizontal position such that the device can be held securely and not dropped. The result is that the user is viewing the screen with the head tilted downward, very often to an extreme degree. This places the head/neck/shoulder musculoskeletal complex in an unnatural position whereby excessive strain may obtain. Such excessive strain may in turn lead to concomitant pain, injury and other adverse manifestations. This is the essence of what is referred to as the “Text Neck” issue. (The ergonomic design of computer workstations, by considering the viewing angle toward keyboard and video display, involves a focus on eliminating this type of postural extreme so as to provide for user comfort, greater productivity and a reduced injury potential.) 
         [0030]    A key ergonomic benefit to the tether or cord elements of the ergonomic accessory of the present invention in its several embodiments, is that in contrast to what is described above, it enables the PED to be held in the near-vertical, or if desired even the fully-vertical, position for viewing and manipulation of the screen. Such is the case even when only the very tips of the fingers are inserted into the tether element as shown in the first two of these figures. This upright use of the PED can be accomplished without fear of a loss of control or dropping of the device. The result is that with head-on viewing of a vertically-positioned screen, the head need not be pitched forward at all, and certainly not to any extreme, thus confronting and providing a solution to the “Text Neck” risk at very outset. And, while this vertical use of the PED is enjoyed, the wrist is held in a more neutral position as a subsidiary, and itself important, ergonomic advantage. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0031]      FIG. 1  is an elevation view of a first embodiment of the ergonomic accessory. 
           [0032]      FIGS. 2A and 2B  illustrate the first embodiment of the invention in actual usage with different positions of a hand. 
           [0033]      FIG. 2C  illustrates a typical pattern of deformation of cushions of the first embodiment of the invention. 
           [0034]      FIGS. 3A and 3B  are perspective views of a second embodiment of the ergonomic accessory having a side-mounted tether element. A dotted line depiction of a PED is included. 
           [0035]      FIG. 3C  is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the ergonomic accessory having a side-mounted tether element. 
           [0036]      FIG. 3D  illustrates the second embodiment of the invention with a liner element  102 . 
           [0037]      FIG. 3E  illustrates a fourth embodiment of the ergonomic accessory which employs a slight camber to provide purchase with the PED. 
           [0038]      FIG. 3F  is an inside elevation view of the second embodiment of the invention. 
           [0039]      FIG. 3G  is an exploded end section view of  FIG. 3F . 
           [0040]      FIG. 3H  is a cut-away perspective view of  FIG. 3D . 
           [0041]      FIGS. 4A-4F  illustrate various views of the second embodiment of the invention in actual usage. 
           [0042]      FIG. 5  is a perspective view of a fifth embodiment of the ergonomic accessory. 
           [0043]      FIGS. 6A-6F  illustrate various views of the fifth embodiment of the invention in actual usage. 
           [0044]      FIG. 7A  is a perspective view of a sixth embodiment of the ergonomic accessory. 
           [0045]      FIG. 7B  is a perspective view of a seventh embodiment of the ergonomic accessory. 
           [0046]      FIG. 8  is a perspective view of an eighth embodiment of the ergonomic accessory. 
           [0047]      FIG. 9  is a perspective view of the eighth embodiment of the invention connecting a finger with a PED. 
           [0048]      FIG. 10  illustrates the use of adjustable elements of the eighth embodiment of the invention. 
           [0049]      FIG. 11  illustrates various decorative and technological elements that may be appended to the eighth embodiment of the invention. 
           [0050]      FIG. 12A-12C  are provided to illustrate alternate ring designs that can be used with the eighth embodiment of the invention. 
           [0051]      FIG. 13  illustrates various additional elements that may be appended to the eighth embodiment of the invention. 
           [0052]      FIG. 14  illustrates the locations where items of wearable technology and PED peripherals may be placed on the eighth embodiment of the invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0053]    Generally speaking, the ergonomic accessory comprises a first means of securely attaching the accessory to a PED or other personal device and a second means of a) removably attaching such device to the hand of an individual who uses the PED or b) providing a secure holding surface for the hand of the user. Of course, the accessory can be removed from the PED if a person wishes to do so, but it is sufficiently secured to the device so that it won&#39;t be removed or come off unintentionally. 
         [0054]    Referring to  FIG. 1 , this first embodiment of the ergonomic accessory of the present invention  1  employs compressible side-cushion elements  3  which are attached as added ergonomic elements to conventional PED cases which are sited to receive and securely hold them in a PED, such as what is commonly referred to as a “bumper” case  2 , having two opposing elongated sides with a cushion affixed to each side. The compressible material from which these side-cushion elements  3  are fabricated are highly elastic in nature such that the cushions will compress and rebound very quickly so as to continually be available to provide a cushioning effect as the digits and hand are moved in the manner necessary to operate the PED. The skin, or surficial covering material  4 , for these cushion elements  3  is textured to minimize the possibility of the PED slipping out of the hand at any given grip force being used to hold the PED. In addition, the surficial material  4  is comprised of a substance, such as urethane, that possesses an inherently “sticky” characteristic. The net benefit of these properties, texture and stickiness, is that a PED may be handled, controlled and manipulated with a looser grip. A looser, more relaxed grip in turn minimizes the potential for ergonomic injury to soft tissue of the hand and to the joints given repetitive, overly frequent and prolonged PED usage. 
         [0055]      FIG. 2A  shows the accessory  1  in typical “bumper” case  2  form as it may be positioned to protect a PED  5 .  FIG. 2A  shows the hand, and the digits of the hand, as they may typically be employed to grasp the side-cushion elements  3  so as to operate the PED  5 . This view,  FIG. 2A , shows how the side-cushion elements  3  are strategically placed so as to provide contact with the soft tissue of the hand and digits in an ergonomically protective manner. 
         [0056]      FIG. 2B  is similar to  FIG. 2A , except that it more clearly shows the concordant pattern of deformation of the side-cushions  3  in response, and in relationship to, the grasping positions of the hand and digits. 
         [0057]      FIG. 2C  depicts such deformations  6  along the lengths, and at the lower-right corner of, the side-cushion elements  3  with the hand and digits, and the PED  5 , not shown in this drawing. This view shows how these side-cushion element  3  deformations  6 , whether shallow or deep, will help prevent the PED from slipping out of the hand. This feature, together with the textured, “sticky” properties of the surface  4  of the side-cushion elements  3  earlier alluded to, are key to enabling the PED to be controlled and operated with ergonomically-improved lighter grip forces. 
         [0058]      FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3D-3H  depict a second embodiment of an ergonomic accessory  100  employing a tether element  103  attached to the accessory body  101  at two locations, namely at both ends of the tether element  103 . In this particular embodiment, the tether element  103  is attached to the body  101  of the ergonomic accessory  100  so that, when coupled to a PED  108  (depicted in dotted lines) in its manner of intended usage, this tether element  103  is positioned at the side edge of both the ergonomic accessory  100  and the PED  108  proximate to the palm of the hand of the user (as depicted in the various views provided in  FIGS. 4A-4G ). 
         [0059]    In  FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3D-3H , the body  101  of the ergonomic accessory  100  is in the form of a partial PED “case,” such that it envelopes and is affixed to only one side and two adjacent corners of a PED, and not the four sides and four corners of a PED in the manner of a the typical PED protective case. This accessory  100  design is intended to be minimally intrusive to the aesthetics, feel, operation and storage of the PED. As such, the accessory  100 , is “minimalist” in nature such as it is, is intended to primarily and uniquely serve its ergonomic purposes and provide its ergonomic benefits as heretofore described. 
         [0060]      FIG. 3C  shows, alternatively, a third embodiment  100   a  with its body  101   a  depicted in a full protective “bumper case”-like design. While the body  101   a  of the ergonomic accessory may actually be designed to take many forms in serving as a partial case-like or full PED case, the tether element  103  on the other hand must remain in its position and design as the key, unique and unalterable ergonomic component of the accessory of the present invention. 
         [0061]      FIG. 3A  shows the ergonomic accessory  100  with the side-tether element  103  in its “resting,” or unused, position as it lays against the side of the body  101  of the ergonomic accessory  100 .  FIG. 3B  provides the identical view, except that the tether element  103  to the ergonomic accessory is shown in its “stretched” position. In this position, the tether element  103  is separated away from body  101  of the accessory  100  such that the digit(s) of the hand may be inserted between the accessory body  101  and the tether  103  itself. This stretching of the tether element  103  is done simply by the user of the accessory  100  grabbing the tether element  103  between thumb and another digit and pulling on it. 
         [0062]      FIGS. 3D and 3E  depict the ways in which the ergonomic accessory  100  is designed so as to have a purchase on a PED  108 . 
         [0063]    In  FIG. 3D , the liner element  102  is comprised of urethane, or a urethane-like flexible plastic material, having a sticky surface. Liner element  102  is shaped and sized so as to serve as an inner liner to the ergonomic accessory body  101 . Element  102  is inserted into the inside of the ergonomic accessory is body  101  as suggested by the arrow in  FIG. 3D . The outer surfaces of liner element  102  is glued where it comes into contact with the inner surfaces of accessory body  101 . Liner element  102  comprises a very thin layer. When the ergonomic accessory  100 , so lined with element  102 , is coupled to a PED  108 , the liner  102 /accessory body  101  couplet is dimensioned such that the liner  102  will be slightly compressed. As such, the ergonomic accessory  100  exerts a gripping force against the surfaces of the PED  108  to which the accessory  100  and liner  102  comes into contact. This gripping action created by the compressed, sticky liner element  102  will help ensure that the PED  108  will not escape from the hold of the ergonomic accessory  100  under normal usage. This means in turn that a firm tethering of the PED  108  to the digit(s)/hand of the user will be ensured vis a vis the ergonomic accessory  100  as so designed. 
         [0064]    In furtherance of the need to ensure that the ergonomic accessory  100  will have a sufficiently tight hold on the PED  108 , the accessory  100   b  may optionally be fabricated so as to have a slight camber, shown somewhat exaggerated in the view of the fourth embodiment provided in  FIG. 3E . When the PED  108  is fitted into the ergonomic accessory  100   b,  the camber on the accessory  100   b  will be relieved. The action, in which the ergonomic accessory will assume a straight-line, rather than bent or cambered, shape so as to conform to the straight edge of the PED  108 , will provide a clamping effect which will further the hold of the ergonomic accessory  100   b  upon the PED  108 . This clamping effect and these gripping forces will be exerted upon the PED  108  by the inside surfaces of the accessory  100   b  along both its short top and bottom (i.e., lateral) extensions caused by the rotational stress upon the vertical axis of the ergonomic accessory  100   b  as it wishes to return to its originally fabricated cambered shape. 
         [0065]      FIG. 3F  is an elevation view of the inside surface of the body element  101  of the ergonomic accessory  100 . This shows the left-most end of the tether element  103  being bound to the body element  101  by a “stop” element  104  having a hole through which the tether element  103  is threaded. This end of the tether element  103  is enlarged such that it remains in connection with stop element  104 . The stop element  104  is not physically integrated into, or otherwise adhered to, the body element  101 . This stop element  104  is large enough such that it cannot be pulled through the opening in the body element  101  through which the tether has been inserted. 
         [0066]    The inside view of the ergonomic accessory  100  body element  101  provided by  FIG. 3F  also shows the means by which the second, or right-most, end of the tether is connected to the accessory. This end of the tether element  103  is likewise threaded through a second stop element  105 . This stop element  105  is sized to fit snugly into a channel element  106  which is integral to the body element  101  of the ergonomic accessory  100 . This channel element  106  acts as a friction slide which enables the tether element  103  to be adjusted in length to accommodate differing preferences in respect of elastic tension. Changing the length dimension of the tether element  103  allows for the variations in digit dimensions, number of digit(s) chosen to be enveloped by the tether element  103 , and for personal preferences with respect to the actual tightness and force of the tether acting against the digits. Changing the length of tether element  103 , and thus its degree of elastic tension, will determine whether the PED  108  feels more or less secure in its attachment to the digits/hand, and it will have an effect upon the degree of maneuverability of the digits as they are pressed against the rear surface of the PED  108 . 
         [0067]      FIG. 3G  is a cross-sectional view of the channel element  106 . This view shows that the side edges of the channel element  106  are slightly cambered to the extent that when the tether element  103  stop element  105  is inserted and then moved along the channel element  106 , the channel element&#39;s sides become “sprung.” This action produces a force, and thus the greater degree of friction, necessary for the stop element  105  to remain in its selected position within the channel element  106  so as to maintain the desired tether element  103  length as it has been preferentially positioned. The slide element  105  can be reached and manually moved back and forth within the channel element  106  before clipping the ergonomic accessory  100  to a PED  108 .  FIG. 3H  is a perspective view, with cutaways, to further illustrate these component features to the ergonomic accessory  100  as herein described. 
         [0068]      FIGS. 4A-4G  generally show how the ergonomic accessory  100  can be used, coupling the hand to a PED  108  by way of the positioning and action of the tether element  103 . These views show that two digits have been inserted and enwrapped by the tether element  103  to varying degrees. The number of digits so inserted, and the extent to which they have been inserted are variables that are matters of personal comfort, and the need for greater or lesser security in the coupling of PED to hand. The manner and extent to which the digits are inserted within the envelope of the ergonomic tether element  103  more importantly yet will determine the extent to which the PED  108  is operated in an ergonomically efficient and effective way. 
         [0069]      FIG. 4A  specifically provides a view looking upward toward the coupled PED  108  and ergonomic accessory  100  as they are suspended from a downward-pointing arm. This view illustrates the “pinching” action of the tether element  103 , clamping the fingers against the rear of the PED  108 . Frictional forces between the skin of the digits and the tether element  103 , and between the skin of the clamped digits and the rear surface of the PED  108 , prevent the PED  108  from falling out of the hand to the ground. 
         [0070]      FIG. 4B  provides a view looking toward the bottom edge of a PED  108  when in use. This view provides one perspective on how the tether element  103  envelopes the digits in a way that prevents the PED  108 , in the manner of its conventional usage, from sliding off of the fingers and out of the hand. This view also suggests that even when the digits are inserted only part way, say, only to the first joint of the digits, the tether element  103  will prevent the PED  108  from “flipping,” or rotating out of the hand counterclockwise under the effects of gravity. This view also shows how the palm of the hand may be rotated to the vertical position, however far the digits may be inserted beneath the tether element  103 , such that the thumb can be positioned to reach all areas of the PED  108  screen. 
         [0071]      FIG. 4C  provides a view facing the rear of the PED  108 . It shows the digits rather minimally inserted beneath the tether element  103 . The positioning of the PED  108  continues to be stabilized by the clamping effect of the tether element heretofore mentioned, such that the PED  108  cannot slide off of or rotate away from the digits and hand. 
         [0072]      FIG. 4D , alternatively, provides a view as if the user is looking down toward the PED  108  as it attaches to the digits by way of the ergonomic accessory  100 . This view shows clearly the physical grasping “envelope” provided by the tether element  103  as it surrounds the digits chosen to be inserted therein. 
         [0073]      FIG. 4E  provides another view as if the user is looking downward toward a PED when in use. This figure shows how the thumb, when the palm of the hand is enabled to be brought to the vertical position (without loss of a hold on, or control of, a PED) through use and benefit of the ergonomic accessory  100 , can reach all far and near extremes of the screen area of a conventionally-sized PED  108  without undue stress on the thumb joints. This figure also shows how this is the case even for a “phablet”  108   b,  shown in dotted lines, whose screen size, and thus those ergonomic “strain zones,” are, by definition, much larger. 
         [0074]      FIG. 4F  provides a view from the user&#39;s perspective similar to  FIG. 4E , except that the palm of the hand has been rotated clockwise away from the PED to a more-horizontal inclination, thus exposing the inside of the digits, the tether element  103  and the PED  108  to full observation. 
         [0075]      FIG. 4G  on the other hand, provides a nearly identical perspective as  FIG. 4F . In this case, however, the two digits enveloped by the ergonomic tether element  103  have been curled, flipping the PED  108  such that the outside surface of the digits and the rear of the PED  108  have been exposed. 
         [0076]      FIG. 5  is a perspective view of a fifth embodiment  200  of the invention. In this embodiment, the tether element  203  is mounted at the rear face of the body element  201 . The adjustable tether element  103  is depicted in both its resting as well as, in dotted lines, its stretched positions. The drawing shows the rear face of a PED  108  and, as the arrow suggests, how it is to be slid and thus clipped into the ergonomic accessory  200 . 
         [0077]      FIGS. 6A-6G  provide several views depicting how the hand of the user is joined to the PED  108  via the alternative embodiment of the ergonomic accessory which employs a rear-mounted tether element  203 . The tether element  203  is positioned at the extreme edge of the PED  108  proximate to the palm of the user&#39;s hand when the body element  201  of the ergonomic accessory  200  is clipped to the PED  108 . This near-hand positioning of the rear-mounted tether element  203  is critical in that, as with the side-mounted tether, it allows the palm of the hand to be rotated counterclockwise (when the PED is in the right hand of the user) so as to be positioned fully over the top of the PED  108  screen, such that all screen areas can be reached without ergonomic strain to the thumb and with the wrist maintained in a more natural “untwisted” position. Fundamentally, all that has been said above in respect of the configuration design, and ergonomic purposes and functionality of the ergonomic accessories  100 ,  100   a  and  100   b  is equally applicable to this alternate embodiment of the accessory  200 , the difference only being the location of the points of connection of the tether element at the rear of the accessory&#39;s body  201  rather than at its side edge. 
         [0078]      FIG. 6A  is a view from below, showing the PED  108  coupled to the ergonomic accessory  200  as these elements, joined to the digits of the hand by the clasping action of the tether element, dangle securely without risk of being dropped. This is the case even when the digits are only minimally inserted within the envelope of the tether element  203  as is shown in this view 
         [0079]      FIG. 6B  shows the hand of a PED  108  as if being viewed from above by the user. This view suggests how easy it is to rotate the palm of the hand and bring it and the thumb well over the top of the screen surface of the PED  108 , thus allowing the thumb to be in a position to manipulate all regions of the screen without strain or awkward positioning. Note too how the wrist is aligned in a more neutral position, straight and without a twist or unnatural strain. 
         [0080]      FIG. 6C  provides another view from a lower-level perspective that shows how the tether element  203  prevents the PED  108  from rotating clockwise out of the hand under the effects of gravity, this being the case even when, as illustrated, the digits are only very partially inserted beneath the tether element  203 . 
         [0081]      FIG. 6D  comprises a view from the top, with the palm of the hand held perpendicular to the ground so as to dangle the PED  108 . The clamping effect on the digits provided by the elastic tether element  203 , coupled with the correlative frictional forces of the skin surface of the digits against the tether element  203  and the rear surface of the PED  108 , prevent the PED  108  from sliding to the ground. 
         [0082]      FIG. 6E  shows that when in use, only the stylized body element  201  of the ergonomic accessory  200 , and not the rear-mounted tether element  203 , is visible to the user. This view again shows as well, how the PED  108  may be both kept secure, controlled and used with the digits being only very slightly inserted within the bounds of the rear tether element  203 . 
         [0083]    With the palm of the hand rotated clockwise to the horizontal,  FIG. 6F  brings into view the rear-mounted element  203  in the manner of its typical use. 
         [0084]      FIG. 6G  brings the rear of the PED  108  into view by a curling action of the digits inserted beneath the tether element  203  such that the PED  108  can be grabbed and held tightly by hooking the thumb over its top edge, should this be desired. 
         [0085]      FIGS. 7A and 7B  show how alternate embodiments of the ergonomic accessory, the sixth embodiment  300  and the seventh embodiment  301  may comprise both side-edge ergonomic cushion elements along with, respectively, a side-mounted tether element  303  and a rear-mounted tether element  304 . These ergonomic cushion and tether elements are shown to be collectively contained within the design of a typical bumper-like PED case  302 , the bumpers being designated by the reference  305 ,  306 ,  307  and  308 . Such combining of these elements, as they have been heretofore described in their individual manifestations, would maximize the ergonomic benefits afforded to the user of a PED. The arrows are provided to illustrate the directions of extension of tethers  303  and  304 . 
         [0086]    Referring to  FIG. 8 , this eighth embodiment  400  of the ergonomic accessory employs a cord element  401  which is attached in various manners to a PED at one end, and to the digit(s) of the hand at its intermediate looped dimension. The ergonomic accessory  400  is comprised of various elements, including the cord element  401 ; a cord-to-PED connector  402  at a first end of the cord element  401 ; a ring element  403 ; a ring face element  404 ; an adjustable slide element  405  and interchangeably, as desired, a decorative ornament or tassel, item of jewelry, or technological component attached at a second end of the cord  401  as element  406 . 
         [0087]    The essential function of this embodiment  400  is to connect, in a wearable manner, a hand-held PED, such as a standard cellphone or smartphone, to the body, and in particular to the digit(s) of the hand of the user of the device such that its ergonomic benefits may obtain. The manner in which this connection and utilization so described is to be achieved is illustrated in  FIG. 9 , with PED and human hand shown. Through this means of use and connection all the ergonomic attributes herein formerly described will be manifested to the full benefit of the user. The connection of the ergonomic accessory  400  is designed to be made to any digit or combination of digits of the hand as a matter of individual choice so as to optimize its ergonomic utility and to enhance the utilization of the PED. So conjoined to the digit(s)/hand, the user, through employment of this eighth embodiment of the accessory of the invention, operate the PED with the thumb of the hand to which it is tethered while maintaining a secure hold on the PED in a manner which allows for actuation of the accessory&#39;s ergonomic benefits. 
         [0088]    Apart from its intended primary ergonomic functionality, this embodiment  400  can serve as a physical platform upon which ornamental elements of fashion or jewelry, may be appended. It may also serve as a platform upon which various manner of electronic technological elements may, as aspects of “wearable technology,” be appended in a way and at locations which will be described below with reference to the accessory&#39;s various constituent elements. Correlative non-ergonomic benefits provided by the accessory of the invention  400 , and those unrelated to aspects of fashion or technology, such as protection against dropping a PED or helping prevent inadvertent loss of the PED, are numerous but will not be discussed in detail herein to the extent that these benefits are secondary to the accessory&#39;s primary ergonomic functionality. Such benefits will be apparent to those having skill in the art based upon the disclosures herein. 
         [0089]    Referring to  FIG. 8 , the cord element  401  provides the physical linkage between the PED and the digit(s) of the user. The cord may be made of any flexible material, including but not limited to plastic, fabric, or metal, and it may be elastic or non-elastic in nature. Where electronic technological elements are incorporated into this embodiment  400 , the cord element  401  may, as necessary so as to transmit electrical current or digital or other information or signals to the PED, be comprised of flexible electrical cord or wire. At one end, the cord  401  may be connected to the PED directly through use of a simple suitable connector element  402  inserted into an affixation element of the PED such as the charge port or the earphone port of the device. The cord element  401  may also be connected to the PED indirectly at this end through a technological component such as an external rechargeable battery pack. At the far extreme of the cord element  401  on the other hand, an ornamental tassel, or pendant, or other item or fashion or jewelry, or technological component (collectively, element  406 ) of any design or functionality may be appended to the cord element  401 . At the approximate mid-point in the length of the cord element  401 , a “loop” (element  401   b  as per  FIG. 10 ) will be created through use of an adjustable slide element  405 . This loop element  401   b  is intended to slide over and around one or more digits of the hand to form a “fingerlet” of sorts. Enveloping the loop element  401   b  partially, and serving the function of creating a fingerlet at this location, a ring or ring-like element  403  may be employed as a decorative element (or, as will be later described, as a possible technological component). A decorative ring face element  404 , separable as an element, or conjoined permanently to the ring element  403 , may be a further feature of this embodiment of the ergonomic accessory  400 . 
         [0090]    Referencing  FIG. 10 , the cord element through use of the slide element  405 , is adjustable in two critical dimensions to account for individual hand sizes, finger dimensions, and individual preference as to the number and identity of the digits chosen to be enveloped by the fingerlet loop element  401   b.  This enables the cord to be adjusted to account for personal preferences in terms of the “feel” of the accessory of the invention  400  and how it may be optimally utilized for its ergonomic purposes and to enhance the efficiency of PED utilization. In short, the slide element  405 , coupled with the ability of the ring element  403  to slide along the cord element, provides for a one-size-fits-all ergonomic accessory  400 . 
         [0091]    Specifically, when the fingerlet loop  401   b /ring  403  elements are grasped, the slide element  405  may be held between the fingers and pulled in the direction away from the loop element  401   b.  This will have the effect of shortening the tether segment  401   a.  If, on the other hand, the connector element  402  is grasped, pulling the slide  405  in the direction away from the connector element  402  will have the reverse effect in lengthening cord segment  401   a.  This adjustment will determine where the PED resides comfortably in the hand, thus accounting for individual variation in hand sizes. 
         [0092]    Once this adjustment is made, the tether fingerlet loop element  401   b  may be adjusted in circumferential dimension to account for preferences in terms of the specific digits wished to be enveloped by the loop element, and finger size. To do this, the user will grasp cord segment  401   c  (while holding the slide element  405 ) and pull it to increase fingerlet loop element  401   b  size (or circumference). Grasping the slide element  405 , and pulling on cord segment  401   d,  on the other hand, will reduce in circumference and size, the loop element  401   b &#39;s dimension. 
         [0093]    Lastly, and once the desired loop element  401   b &#39;s size has been configured per the above procedure, the ring element  403  (since it too, as an independent physical element, slides freely along the cord element in either direction, rather than being fixed to the cord in a permanent way) can be moved to the “apex” of the loop element  401   b  positionally (i.e., that point on the loop element  401   b  furthest from slide element  405 ) to comfortably rest on the digit or digits enveloped by the fingerlet loop element  401   b.    
         [0094]    Depending on how long or short the length of cord segment  401   a  is adjusted to, and depending on the loop element  401   b  dimension desired, the tether element in remaining segmental length  401   d  will vary, being shorter or longer. The result of these adjustments will determine how far from the hand the decorative or technological element  406  will fall from the hand. 
         [0095]    Having made all the dimensional adjustments described above, use of this embodiment of the present invention simply involves insertion of the preferred digit(s) through loop element  401   b  before, or after, connecting to the PED by way of connector element  402 . 
         [0096]    The cord-to-PED connector element  402  (see  FIG. 9 ), in various of its possible manifestations, is shown in  FIG. 11 . In one embodiment, the cord element, through segment  401   a  may be joined to a component connector element that is exact in size to an Apple “Lightning” element  402   a,  Apple 30-pin element  402   c,  or Micro-USB element  402   b  charge connector, thus enabling connection of the ergonomic accessory  400  directly to a PED via its charge port. Alternatively, the cord element may be connected indirectly to a PED into and through an external rechargeable battery pack  402   d  serving as a technological component. All manner of other technological component elements  402   e  through which the cord element may be connected to the PED indirectly may be imagined to be placed at this location as well. This connection of cord element may also be facilitated through use of a partial case-like element  402   f  which grasps the PED securely and to which the cord element is attached through a permanent or quick-disconnect arrangement. A connector element  402   g  designed to couple to the pop-up pin of an Apple iPod may alternatively be employed. As a further example, the cord element may be indirectly connectable to a PED, through incorporation into an ear phone jack assembly element  402   h.    
         [0097]    The ring element  403 , and the ring face element  404 , in two exemplary manifestations in terms of design, are illustrated in  FIGS. 12A-12C . Ring element  403   a  is intended to be of a more traditional ring shape and design. Ring element  403   b  is shown simply in a tubular shape through whose body, in a tunnel arrangement, the cord element  401  runs. The cross sectional view  FIG. 12A , illustrates how this tunnel concept is configured such that the ring body element  403 , however it may be designed, envelopes the cord element  401  in a loose way that permits the ring to travel, in slidable engagement, along the cord so as to make the adjustments in dimensions for the accessory of the invention  400  such that personal hand and digit dimensions can be accommodated as previously described. The ring element  403  is only partially circumferential in terms of surrounding the digit(s). When coupled to the cord element  401 , as it is formed into a loop element  401   b,  the ring/tether composite structure will be fully circumferential to the digit(s), thus securing the PED to the hand. The adjustments to the lengths of the various cord element  401  segments, previously elaborated on, provides for the variation in the degree of snugness of the cord loop element  401   b.  The ring  403  is flexible in construction and material selection so that its flexibly follows the circumferential dimension of the digit(s) of the user as the cord loop element  401   b  is adjusted in size. 
         [0098]    When the ergonomic accessory of the invention  400  is worn, the user appears to be wearing a conventional ring, optionally a decorative ring or item of jewelry and fashion, rather than simply having a bare tether wrapped as a loop around the digit(s). Adding to this concept of the ring element  403  serving as an item of fashion, a ring face element  404  of various designs, such as  404   a  and  404   b,  may be incorporated into the ring by permanent attachment or as a removable (e.g., snap-on/snap-off) interchangeable element. The ring face may be made of any material, may be of any possible design and appearance, and may be etched or otherwise provided with a name, slogan, or any other written design or logo concept. 
         [0099]    Alternatively, the ring element  403 , or the ring element  403 /ring face element  404  complex, rather than serving as a fashion element, may comprise a technologic element connecting wirelessly to a PED. 
         [0100]      FIG. 13  illustrates certain and various functional elements of the ergonomic accessory of the present invention  400  appended to the cord element at its segmental  401   d  end. This is the end of the cord element located furthest from the cord element segment  401   a  which connects to a PED by way of a cord connection element  402 . Such functional elements may include an ornamental tassel or pendant, or other item of fashion or jewelry  406   a.  When the ergonomic accessory of the present invention is affixed to the hand via the fingerlet loop element  401   b,  exemplary decorative/technological elements  406   a - 406   d  in their various possible decorative or technological manifestations, will hang suspended from the hand. The decorative/technological elements, as illustrated in  FIG. 13 , may also be comprised of technological components including, but not limited to, connector elements  406   b,  flash drive elements  406   c,  or external rechargeable battery pack elements  406   d.  To the extent that technological elements may be appended at this end of the cord element, the cord itself may need to be comprised of a flexible electrical cable capable of carrying electrical current, digital signals or other information or signals to and from a PED. 
         [0101]      FIG. 14 , in an illustrative way, identifies the several loci  402 ,  403 / 404  and  406 , for technological elements incorporated into or otherwise appended to, the ergonomic accessory of the present invention  400  which, in this respect, serves as a general platform for wearable technology.