Abstract:
A bellows of a gangway between two articulately connected vehicles, of a canopy roof of an air passenger stair or a bridge or of a gangway into a building, comprises several successively arranged frames and all the frames are divided, preferably in a plane, on two opposite sides, thus forming several bellows parts.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application claims priority of German patent application DE 20 2015 002 559.5 filed Apr. 2, 2015, German patent application DE 20 2015 003 056.4 filed Apr. 25, 2015, European patent application EP 15 178 796.7 filed Jul. 29, 2015, European patent application EP 15 180 000.0 filed Aug. 6, 2015 and European patent application EP 15 182 472.9 filed Aug. 26, 2015. 
       FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The invention relates to a bellows, e.g. of a gangway between two articulately connected vehicles, of a canopy roof of an air passenger stair or bridge or of a gangway into a building, wherein the bellows comprises several successively arranged frames. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    A bellows of the afore-mentioned type is known from road vehicles, rail-bound vehicles and air passenger stairs or bridges. A bellows serving as a protective element between two building parts or into a building part is also known. 
         [0004]    In road vehicles, for example in an articulated bus, the bellows of the gangway usually encloses a platform and the articulation, whereas in rail-bound vehicles, e.g. tramways or high-speed trains, the bellows encloses a platform or a bridge as a gangway device. In particular in high-speed trains, the gangway often includes one bellow mounted within another, i.e. an outer bellows and an inner bellows. 
         [0005]    Rail vehicles, such as the TGV, are known to have individual carriages mounted on so-called Jacobs bogies in the area of the gangway. It is also known that bellows may be worn out relatively quickly depending on the material used. Because the carriages are mounted on Jacobs bogies in the TGV, separating the carriages for replacing the bellows can only be done with considerable effort. On the other hand, the gangway between two carriages is not directly connected to the carriages, but is connected to the respective carriage by a tunnel-like passage. The bellows to be replaced have a tunnel-like passage or tunnel-like intermediate space with a smaller cross-section than the bellows. This means that a replacement of the bellows can only take place if the carriages, between which the bellows to be replaced are located, are actually taken down from the Jacobs bogie. 
         [0006]    Also, there are bellows of gangways between rail vehicles, which are very big, for example bellows of gangways of double-decker carriages. 
         [0007]    The bellows of air passenger bridges or stairs are often more than three meters in height and very broad. Transporting such bellows is thus complicated. The same is true with regard to bellows between two building parts or into a building part. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0008]    This invention simplifies the replacement of the bellows, in particular in a TGV. Moreover, this invention makes it easier to transport larger bellows in a space-saving manner. 
         [0009]    According to the invention, the problem is solved by dividing all the frames of the bellows, preferably in a plane, on two opposite sides, thus forming several bellows parts. This means that the frames are designed so that they are divided in the area of their respective lateral wall, advantageously in one plane, i.e. that all the frames are divided at the same height. In a box-shaped circumferential bellows, each frame forms two frame parts; in a cross-sectionally U-shaped bellows, three frame parts are formed. The idea underlying the invention is thus to fold the bellows parts of the bellows in the area of the separation, in order to be able, during a refurbishment of the TGV, to transport the bellows as a whole through the tunnel-like intermediate space between the carriage and the place of installation of the bellows. As stated earlier, the tunnel-like passage has a lesser cross-section than the outer cross-section of the bellows itself. In this context, it is furthermore provided that the length of the separation of the frames, i.e. of the gap between the front sides of the bellows in the area of the separation, i.e. the length of the separation section is such that the two bellows parts can be folded on top of each other. In the folded state, the bellows may be transported in a space-saving manner, particularly in the case of large bellows, e.g. of air passenger bridges. In the case of a bellows of a canopy roof of an air passenger bridge, the height of the separation of the legs in a lateral wall can be different from that of the opposite lateral wall. This is the case with bellows of air passenger bridges that have legs of unequal lengths. In this respect, the legs may be folded on top of each other not only toward the front but also laterally. 
         [0010]    It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the separation of the frames in the area of their bottom third reaches up to half the height of the respective lateral wall, depending on the size of the bellows. As a consequence, the bottom third, respectively the half of the bellows can be folded onto the upper part of the bellows, so that the bellows can now be brought easily through the tunnel-like intermediate space to the place of installation, or transported by truck in a space-saving manner. In another variation, the legs may be divided in a U-shaped bellows so that the two leg parts fold laterally. 
         [0011]    According to another feature of the invention, the frame parts in the area of the separation of the frames may be connectable with each other by means of transition profiles. The transition profiles may be provided for increasing the stability in the area of the separation after the installation of the bellows and the profiles bridge the gap between the ends of the two frame parts to provide stability. The transition profiles may be connected to the frame parts by gluing, riveting or screwing. 
         [0012]    In particular, it is provided that the bellows frames of the bellows comprise the separation. The fastening frames may be not divided, since they are already located at the front side of the vehicle, of the air passenger bridge, stair or of the building, and thus do not need to be replaced. Bellows of gangways, specifically in carriages for transporting vehicles, such as used for passing under the English Channel, in which the bellows are attached to the front side of the vehicle by screw-on frames, are also known. These screw-on frames remain on the bellows and are divided in the same way as a conventional bellows frame. If the bellows consists of two bellows halves, the coupling frames between the bellows halves may be separated from the bellows. As stated earlier, the bottom part of the bellows in the area of the bellows frame may be entirely folded onto the upper part of the bellows. However, it is essential that the folds or corrugations may be designed so as to be continuous in the area of the separation of the bellows frames. This means that the folds or corrugations, made of the reinforcing material coated with an elastomer, bridge the separation of the frames in the area of the separation of the frames. This does not hinder the folding movement of the bottom part of the bellows onto the upper part of the bellows, since the corrugations or fold are highly elastic. Since the folds or corrugations are continuous, i.e. continue in the area of the separation, there is no problem with regard to penetration of moisture. 
         [0013]    In addition, the bellows may have a half corrugation, i.e. half a corrugation or half a fold, in the transition to the fastening frame, said half corrugation including a beading at its end. The beading is grasped by the fastening frame, the beading being designed as an elastomer profile. The beading can be pressed by the fastening frame, e.g. against the front wall of the gangway of the vehicle or of the air passenger bridge or stair, so that the interior space is sealed against penetration of moisture. 
         [0014]    Furthermore, the fastening frame may comprise a cross-sectionally L-shaped recess for receiving the beading, the L-shaped recess being at least partially closeable by means of a clamping frame. Thus the beading is pressed not only e.g. against the front wall of the passage of the carriage body of the vehicle, but also against the L-shaped recess in the fastening frame. This ensures higher tightness against the ingress of moisture. 
         [0015]    According to another aspect, the clamping frame itself can have a jaws-like opening for receiving a half corrugation of an interior corrugated bellows, which means that the gangway comprises a so-called double corrugated bellows, wherein the two bellows of the double corrugated bellows are mounted inside one another. Such a construction is used in particular in high-speed trains, in order to reduce pressure surges when traveling through tunnels or when two trains meet. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0016]    In the following, the invention is exemplarily described in more detail by means of the drawings and based on the bellows of a gangway between two articulately connected vehicles. However, unless otherwise specified, the following explanations also apply correspondingly to bellows of air passenger bridges or stairs as well as bellows between buildings or into a building. 
           [0017]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view of the double corrugated bellows as mounted in a vehicle; 
           [0018]      FIG. 2  is a front view onto the double corrugated bellows according to  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0019]      FIG. 3  is a schematic sectional view of the manner in which the double corrugated bellows is fastened to a vehicle; 
           [0020]      FIG. 4  is a schematic view of the bellows of a cross-sectionally U-shaped roof of an air passenger bridge or stair; and 
           [0021]      FIG. 5  shows the bellows according to  FIG. 4 , wherein the legs are folded on top of each other. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0022]    According to  FIG. 1 , the vehicle is labelled  1 . A tunnel-shaped passage  5  having a clear cross-section that is smaller than the outer cross-section of the bellows  10  is located between the actual vehicle, i.e. the carriage that receives the passengers, and the bellows  10 . This means that the bellows  10  cannot be easily transported through the tunnel-shaped passage  5 . The bellows  10  encloses the gangway device  7  formed as a platform, a rack  8 , which serves to receive the Jacobs bogie, not shown, being located under the gangway device  7 . 
         [0023]    The bellows  10  comprises bellows frames  14 , which clamp strips  15  of a reinforcing material coated with an elastomer for forming the corrugations. As a consequence, the cross-section of the bellows frame  14  is U-shaped. At its end, the bellows  10  may be connected with the passage  5  of the carriage body of the vehicle  1  by means of the fastening frame  16  ( FIG. 3 ). To this end, the bellows  10  has a half corrugation  18  in the transition to the fastening frame  16 , said half corrugation  18  featuring the beading  20  at its end. The beading  20  is mounted in the L-shaped recess  22  of the fastening frame  16  and is pressed against the front sidewall of the passage  5 . The clamping frame  24  comprises a jaws-like opening  26  for the half corrugation  28  of an inner corrugated bellows  30 , wherein the clamping frame  24  also presses against the beading  20 . Like the fastening frame  16 , the clamping frame  24  is also screwed onto the front wall of the passage  5  ( FIG. 3 ). 
         [0024]    In the area of the lateral walls  12  of the bellows  10  serving as an outer corrugated bellows and of the bellows  30  serving as an inner corrugated bellows, the bellows frames  14 ,  32  of the two bellows are divided over a length of several cm thus forming the separation section  21 . However, in this area, the corrugations of the inner and outer corrugated bellows, i.e. the strips  15 ,  33  made of the reinforcement coated with an elastomer, which forms the actual corrugation or a fold is designed so as to be continuous, so that the respective bellows is weakened in the area of the separation but nevertheless tight. This can be seen in more detail in  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 3 , in which bellows frames  14  of the bellows  10  serving as the outer corrugated bellows and the bellows frames  32  of the inner corrugated bellows  30  are respectively divided at the lateral wall  12  thus forming the separation section  21 . This way, two bellows parts  2 ,  3  are formed, which are foldable on top of each other, even though they are connected by the bellows material. After the installation, a transition profile  23  can be provided for stiffening the bellows frames  14 ,  32 , said profile  23  being placed onto the ends of the bellows frames  14 ,  32  in the area of the separation section  21  and quasi bridging the separation section  21 . The transition profile  23  may be fastened by riveting or clamping (not shown). 
         [0025]    The bellows of the canopy roof of an air passenger bridge or stair is shown in  FIGS. 4 and 5 . The bellows  100  is cross-sectionally U-shaped, wherein the bellows frame  114  of the two legs  110 ,  112  is divided in the upper area of the legs and the lateral wall of the bellows, thus forming a total of three bellows parts  101 ,  102 ,  103 , the bellows parts  102 ,  103  being folded on top of each other ( FIG. 5 ). This means that the bellows parts  102 ,  103  are parts of the legs  110 ,  112  of the U-shaped bellows. The bellows frames  114  are disposed on the inner side of the bellows and connect the strips  133  made of the reinforcement coated with an elastomer, e.g. a woven fabric, the strips  133  forming the corrugations or folds. The corrugations or folds may be folded in the web portion of the individual corrugations or folds, for which reason, they form a flat portion  120  in the area of the fold. 
       LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS 
       [0000]    
       
           1  Vehicle 
           2  Bellows part 
           3  Bellows part 
           5  Passage 
           7  Gangway device 
           8  Rack 
           10  Bellows (outer corrugated bellows) 
           12  Lateral wall 
           14  Bellows frame 
           15  Strips of a reinforcement coated with an elastomer for forming a corrugation 
           16  Fastening frame 
           18  Half corrugation 
           20  Beading 
           21  Separation section 
           22  Recess 
           23  Transition section 
           24  Clamping frame 
           26  Opening 
           28  Half corrugation 
           30  Inner corrugated bellows 
           32  Bellows frame 
           33  Strips of a reinforcement coated with an elastomer for forming a corrugation 
           100  Bellows 
           101  Bellows part 
           102  Bellows part 
           103  Bellows part 
           110  Leg 
           112  Leg 
           114  Bellows frame 
           120  Flat portion 
           133  Strips of a reinforcement coated with an elastomer for forming a corrugation