Abstract:
A head mounted magnifying camera is communicated with a computer system with a head-mounted display having a center of a field of view. A magnified view of a live dental area of interest is provided, image capture of the live dental area of interest is performed and downloaded into the computer system, or an image of a stored dental area of interest is uploaded from the computer system and matched to the live dental area of interest. The image of the live dental area of interest is automatically tracked in the computer system, and the image of the live dental area of interest is kept in the center of the field of view of the head-mounted display.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
       [0001]    Field of the Technology 
         [0002]    The invention relates to the field of dental loupes and image tracking and capture. 
         [0003]    Description of the Prior Art 
         [0004]    Google Glass is a wearable computer with an optical head-mounted display (OHMD). It was developed by Google with the mission of producing a mass-market ubiquitous computer. Google Glass displays information in a smartphone-like hands-free format. Wearers communicate with the Internet via natural language voice commands. Google Glass became officially available to the general public on May 15, 2014. The development and manufacture of head mounted computer displays, such as marketed under the brand, Google Glass, has made computer displays readily available to the computer user in a display unit mounted in a glasses frame. This allows the user to see and interact by appropriate means with a computer system, while simultaneously allowing the user operate both hands-free and to have substantially unimpeded view of any other field of view. Google Glass essentially duplicates an aviators view of instrument readings on the cockpit glass or face shield while allowing simultaneous normal viewing through the same cockpit glass or face shield. 
         [0005]    Using these features several proofs of concept for Google Glass have been proposed in healthcare. These uses have generally been used for audiovisual communication and information retrieval during a variety of medical procedures. 
         [0006]    On Mar. 31, 2014, a startup company Dentyzion, founded by four dental students at the University of Michigan School of Dentistry, announced the world&#39;s first Google Glass loupes. The dental technology and digital marketing consulting company designed the add-on to Glass and collaborated with SurgiTel who manufactured the magnifying optics according to the model. The loupe lenses are critical for Glass&#39; functionality in dentistry and surgery by allowing dentists and surgeons to continue to use magnification while using Google Glass. The design is reported to have been well received amongst dental students and faculty at the University of Michigan. SurgiTel&#39;s Micro 2.5x optics that were installed are light weight and do not affect the comfort and balance for Glass users, Dentyzion is currently collaborating with the University of Michigan to implement Google Glass in the dental curriculum. Dentyzion, however, merely mechanically mounted dental loupes into the frames of a Google Glass having a telescopic camera directed to the same or nearly the same field of view of the loupes for the purposes of creating an audiovisual source for use in and for enhancing dental education. 
         [0007]    Users of dental loupes can readily testify that it takes practice and training to use them, since the magnified field of view seen through the loupes can rapidly change as the user moves his head. The problem becomes particularly acute, when the user changes his line of sight to another field of view other than that seen through the loupes and then returns his eyes to the field of view provided by the loupes. Typically, the angle or position of the head has changed enough when the user changes his line of sight, so that upon return to the field of view of the loupes, a completely different location is seen in magnified view than that which was being viewed before the user looked away. The user then has to move his head angle to hunt for the prior magnified field of view based on a magnified scene or view that may not be clearly related in the user&#39;s mind to the prior field of view which is desired. This hunting for the prior field of view is distracting and may entail wasted time and effort from the desired task at hand unless the user is practiced in mentally switching between scales and views in an effortless manner. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY 
       [0008]    The illustrated embodiments of the invention include a method including the steps of providing a head mounted magnifying camera communicated with a computer system with a head-mounted display having a center of a field of view, providing a magnified view of a live dental area of interest, actuating image capture of the live dental area of interest and downloading it into the computer system, or uploading an image of a stored dental area of interest from the computer system and matching it to the live dental area of interest, automatically tracking the image of the live dental area of interest in the computer system, and keeping the image of the live dental area of interest in the center of the field of view of the head-mounted display. 
         [0009]    The method further includes the step of automatically compensating for small movements of the head mounted magnifying camera shifting the center of the field of view by using a tracking program in the computer system to keep the live dental area of interest in the center of the field of view of the head-mounted display. 
         [0010]    The method further includes the steps of providing a micro-pan and tilt mechanism coupled to the camera or a lens of the camera for larger movements of the head that take live dental area of interest out of the center of the field of view beyond that which can be compensated by the tracking program; and automatically moving the camera angle using the micro-pan and tilt mechanism to keep the live dental area of interest in the center of the field of view of the head-mounted display. 
         [0011]    The step of automatically tracking the image of the live dental area of interest in the computer system includes the steps of providing a micro-pan and tilt mechanism coupled to the camera or a lens of the camera; and automatically moving the camera angle using the micro-pan and tilt mechanism to keep the live dental area of interest in the center of the field of view of the head-mounted display. 
         [0012]    The method further the steps of storing a wide field of view around the image of the live dental area of interest that exceeds the range of the pan and tilt mechanism&#39;s ability to stay pointed at the live dental area of interest, displaying an “out-of-frame” message or icon in the head-mounted display, controlling the pan and tilt mechanism to direct the head-mounted camera to the live dental area of interest and/or displaying directional arrows in the head-mounted display to cue the user to the direction in which the head-mounted camera needs to be turned in order to bring the of the live dental area of interest toward the center of the field of view by using an image recognition program in the computer system, using the stored wide field of view around the image of the live dental area of interest, reacquiring at least a portion of the wide field of view around the image of the live dental area of interest, identifying the desired live dental area of interest by the image recognition program, and moving the desired live dental area of interest into the center of the field of view using the tracking program. 
         [0013]    The step of storing a wide field of view around image of the live dental area of interest includes taking and storing a fast image capture of an enhanced wide field of view using a telescopic camera control. 
         [0014]    The step of storing the wide field of view is stored in a fast frame shot at the time of image capture during a time interval which is short enough so that the user does not perceive that the camera has taken a telescopic enhanced wide field of view image. 
         [0015]    The step of storing a wide field of view around image of the live dental area of interest includes taking a high resolution wide angle image, but displaying only a center portion of the high resolution wide angle image in the head-mounted display in a magnified view. 
         [0016]    The method further includes releasing or erasing the captured mage by a deactivation command from the user. 
         [0017]    The illustrated embodiments of the apparatus also include a computer system with a memory, a head mounted magnifying camera communicated with the computer system for providing a magnified image of a live dental area of interest, and a head-mounted display having a center of a field of view and communicated with the computer system, where the computer system automatically tracks the magnified image of the live dental area of interest to keep it in the center of the field of view of the head-mounted display, and where the memory stores a captured image of the live dental area of interest. 
         [0018]    The computer system automatically compensates for small movements of the head mounted magnifying camera shifting the center of the field of view to keep the live dental area of interest in the center of the field of view of the head-mounted display by image tracking. 
         [0019]    The apparatus further includes a micro-pan and tilt mechanism coupled to the camera or a lens of the camera for larger movements of the head that take live dental area of interest out of the center of the field of view beyond that which can be compensated by the tracking program, and the computer system automatically moves the camera angle using the micro-pan and tilt mechanism to keep the live dental area of interest in the center of the field of view of the head-mounted display by image tracking. 
         [0020]    The apparatus further includes a micro-pan and tilt mechanism coupled to the camera or a lens of the camera; and the computer system automatically moves the camera angle using&#39;the micro-pan and tilt mechanism to keep the live dental area of interest in the center of the field of view of the head-mounted display by image tracking. 
         [0021]    The computer system stores an image with a wide field of view around the image of the live dental area of interest that exceeds the range of the pan and tilt mechanism&#39;s ability to stay pointed at the live dental area of interest, displays an “out-of-frame” message or icon in the head-mounted display, controls the pan and tilt mechanism to direct the head-mounted camera to the live dental area of interest and/or displays directional arrows in the head-mounted display to cue the user to the direction in which the head-mounted camera needs to be turned in order to bring the of the live dental area of interest toward the center of the field of view using image recognition on the stored wide field of view around the image of the live dental area of interest, reacquires at least a portion of the wide field of view around the image of the live dental area of interest, identifies the desired live dental area of interest by image recognition, and moves the desired live dental area of interest into the center of the field of view by image tracking. 
         [0022]    The computer system stores the wide field of vied around image of the live dental area of interest by taking and storing a fast image capture of an enhanced wide field of view using a telescopic camera control. 
         [0023]    The computer system takes and stores the fast image capture by taking a fast frame shot at the time of image capture during a time interval which is short enough so that the user does not perceive that the camera has taken a telescopic enhanced wide field of view image. 
         [0024]    The computer system stores an image with a wide field of view around the image of the live dental area of interest by taking a high resolution wide angle image, but displaying only a center portion of the high resolution wide angle image in the head-mounted display in a magnified view. 
         [0025]    While the apparatus and method has or will be described for the sake of grammatical fluidity with functional explanations, it is to be expressly understood that the claims, unless expressly formulated under 35 USC 112, are not to be construed as necessarily limited in any way by the construction of “means” or “steps” limitations, but are to be accorded the full scope of the meaning and equivalents of the definition provided by the claims under the judicial doctrine of equivalents, and in the case where the claims are expressly formulated under 35 USC 112 are to be accorded full statutory equivalents under 35 USC 112. The disclosure can be better visualized by turning now to the following drawings wherein like elements are referenced by like numerals. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0026]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram of remote head-mounted camera and display subsystem wirelessly communicated with a computer system. 
           [0027]      FIG. 2  is a depiction of a using wearing the head-mounted camera and display subsystem of  FIG. 1 . 
           [0028]      FIG. 3  is a flow diagram of the operation of the apparatus of  FIGS. 1 and 2  according to the illustrated embodiments of the invention. 
       
    
    
       [0029]    The disclosure and its various embodiments can now be better understood by turning to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments which are presented as illustrated examples of the embodiments defined in the claims. It is expressly understood that the embodiments as defined by the claims may be broader than the illustrated embodiments described below. 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0030]    In the illustrated embodiment of the invention the dental loupes are replaced by a head mounted magnifying camera communicated with a computer system with a head-mounted display, similar to that shown as Google Glass disclosed in US Pat. Pub. 2013/0044042 incorporated herein by reference, except that the camera is modified in various particulars as set forth below and its output is used to provide a magnified view of the dental area of interest subject to certain controls as disclosed below. Head-mounted camera and display system  12 , which includes a camera  22  and close-up display  24  mounted in a glasses frame  28 , is worn by a user or dental practitioner as shown in  FIG. 2 . Head-mounted camera and display system  12  communicates wirelessly to a computer system  20 , which includes a processor  14 , display  16  and memory  18  as shown in  FIG. 1 . 
         [0031]    The user first turns on Google Glass  22  at step  30 . Once the user acquires the desired view of the tooth or dental area of interest, he actuates image capture at step  32  in  FIG. 3  with any kind of motion using a foot switch, orally or facially activated switch, finger flexure switch, uttering a word such as “capture”, or blinking an eye or uploads a stored dental image from memory  18  by an appropriate command. Thereafter, an automatic tracking program in the computer system  20  to which the head mounted magnifying camera  22  is communicated, keeps the captured image in the center of the head-mounted display  24  in step  34 . Image tracking programs are well known to the art. 
         [0032]    Small movements of the camera  22  shifting the live field of view (FOV) as detected at step  36  can be automatically compensated by the tracking program to keep the live view matching the stored captured image in the center of the head display  24  as determined by an image identification program. For larger movements of the head that would tend to take the location of the desired captured image out of the field of live view of the camera  22  a conventional micro-pan and tilt mechanism (not shown) included in frame  28  and coupled to camera  22  or included in camera  22  and coupled to the lens of the camera  24  automatically moves the camera angle in step  38  to keep the location of the captured image in the live field of view of the camera  22  and hence in the center of the screen of the head-mounted display  24 . 
         [0033]    For extremely large movements that exceed the range of even the pan and tilt mechanism&#39;s ability to stay pointed at the location of the captured image as determined at step  40 , the computer system  20  stored a wide field of view around the captured image at the time of actuation at step  32  in memory  18 . This can be accomplished by a fast image capture of a wider field of view using conventional telescopic camera control included in camera  22 . The wider field of view is taken in a fast enough frame shot at the time of image capture such that the user is unaware that the camera  22  has even taken the wide angle shot. 
         [0034]    Alternatively, the camera  22  can be permanently adjusted to take high resolution wide angle shots. The captured image in the computer is thus a wide angle shot, but only the center of the high resolution live shot is displayed in the head-mounted display  24  in magnified scale under software control in processor  14 . 
         [0035]    After an extremely large movement taking the desired location out of the maximum field of view of the camera  22 , an “out-of-frame” message or icon appears in the head-mounted display  24  at step  40 . As the user returns the camera angle toward the original field of view, the live shot will begin to pick up parts of the image in the stored wide angle shot in memory  18  of the view of interest. An image recognition program in processor  14  at step  42  then directs the angle of the camera&#39;s pan and tilt mechanism to the direction of the location of the captured image, or displays directional arrows in the display  24  which cue the user to the direction in which the head mounted camera  22  needs to be turned in order to be once again be pointed at the desired location snatching that of the captured image. Image recognition programs are well known in the art. The last view of the captured image may be maintained as a captured image in display  24  in such an instance. As soon as the live shot regains the location of the desired image, it is identified as such by the image recognition program in processor  14  and moved by the tracking program in processor  14  into the center of the display  24  and maintained there as long as it is in the live field of view of the camera  22 . 
         [0036]    The operator may move around, viewing the entire area or a different view, while the display screen  24  would still be showing a live view of the particular tooth or area in question. The displayed image would change since the camera angle is changing, but the area of interest would stay centered in the field of view, avoiding the need for the user to constantly hunting for the tooth or area by controlling his/her head position. 
         [0037]    The captured image is released or erased by a deactivation command from the user at step  44 , which is an interrupt that can be entered from any point in the program, which again could be made by any kind of motion or saying a word, such as “release”. The computer system may also store multiple captured images which can be orally labeled by the user at the time of capture and reacquired at any time by calling out the file name of the stored captured image, such as by saying the name of the tooth. The user can thus go quickly back using the computer tracking and direction to a previously captured location without the need to recapture the location. 
         [0038]    Record keeping in a database in memory  18  can also be easily achieved by similarly using oral commands from the user at step  32  to store any captured image into a patient record. Thus, well centered images of a tooth before, during and after any procedure may be captured and stored in a readily accessible patient record without the need to stop or delay the procedure for the purposes of making a photographic record. 
         [0039]    Many alterations and modifications may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments. Therefore, it must be understood that the illustrated embodiment has been set forth only for the purposes of example and that it should not be taken as limiting the embodiments as defined by the following embodiments and its various embodiments. 
         [0040]    Therefore, it must be understood that the illustrated embodiment has been set forth only for the purposes of example and that it should not be taken as limiting the embodiments as defined by the following claims. For example, notwithstanding the fact that the elements of a claim are set forth below in a certain combination, it must be expressly understood that the embodiments includes other combinations of fewer, more or different elements, which are disclosed in above even when not initially claimed in such combinations. A teaching that two elements are combined in a claimed combination is further to be understood as also allowing for a claimed combination in which the two elements are not combined with each other, but may be used alone or combined in other combinations. The excision of any disclosed element of the embodiments is explicitly contemplated as within the scope of the embodiments. 
         [0041]    The words used in this specification to describe the various embodiments are to be understood not only in the sense of their commonly defined meanings, but to include by special definition in this specification structure, material or acts beyond the scope of the commonly defined meanings. Thus if an element can be understood in the context of this specification as including more than one meaning, then its use in a claim must be understood as being generic to all possible meanings supported by the specification and by the word itself. 
         [0042]    The definitions of the words or elements of the following claims are, therefore, defined in this specification to include not only the combination of elements which are literally set forth, but all equivalent structure, material or acts for performing substantially the same function in substantially the same way to obtain substantially the same result. In this sense it is therefore contemplated that an equivalent substitution of two or more elements may be made for any one of the elements in the claims below or that a single element may be substituted for two or more elements in a claim. Although elements may be described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, it is to be expressly understood that one or more elements from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination and that the claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination. 
         [0043]    Insubstantial changes from the claimed subject matter as viewed by a person with ordinary skill in the art, now known or later devised, are expressly contemplated as being equivalently within the scope of the claims. Therefore, obvious substitutions now or later known to one with ordinary skill in the art are defined to be within the scope of the defined elements. 
         [0044]    The claims are thus to be understood to include what is specifically illustrated and described above, what is conceptionally equivalent, what can be obviously substituted and also what essentially incorporates the essential idea of the embodiments.