Abstract:
The present relates to an automatic lathe, and more particularly, to an automatic lathe capable of mounting various tools with arranging a tool turret ( 10 ), which is transferable in three axes, to a conventional automatic lathe provided with a rear tool post fixed to a body ( 1 ), and a gang type tool post ( 20, 30 ) transferring in two axes, between the gang type tool post ( 20, 30 ) and a main shaft ( 2 ) so that they are opposite to each other, thereby carrying out special machining, and can improve an working efficiency of the workers by arranging the tool to facilitate the tooling and tool exchange.

Description:
REARGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0002]    The present invention relates to an automatic lathe, and more particularly, to an automatic lathe capable of mounting various tools with arranging a tool turret, which is transferable in three axes, to a conventional automatic lathe provided with a rear tool post fixed to a body, and a gang type tool post transferring in two axes, between the gang type tool post and a main shaft so that they are opposite to each other, thereby carrying out special machining, and can improve an working efficiency of workers by arranging the tool to facilitate tooling and tool exchange. 
         [0003]    2. Background of the Related Art 
         [0004]    Recently, an automatic lathe is largely required among machining tools, because it can realize an automatization of machining works and achieve high speed of the machining works, and because various special tools can be mounted to it according to the mass production of the various complicated products. 
         [0005]    Accordingly, a tool turret has been required for the automatic lathe so that a lot of various tools can be mounted to it, however, the conventional automatic lathe was restricted in the mountable tools because a cross tool post and an outer-diameter tool post were mounted above a guide bush and only a rear tool post was mounted at the left side or right side of a sub-shaft (sub-spindle), so that it was difficult to carry out special machining. In addition, in case of an automatic lathe provided with a tool turret, it was difficult for the tooling and the exchange of tools because the tool turret was mounted above a main shaft. 
         [0006]    Moreover, since the conventional automatic lathe was constructed so that only the tool could be mounted and separated from the main body of the cross tool post, abundant time and expense was required to exchange a plurality of bearings, when problems were require for a plurality of bearings mounted to the main body due to repeated high speed rotation of the bearings. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0007]    Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art, and it is a primary object of the present invention to provide an automatic lathe, which can increase the number of tools to be mounted, provide tools for special process, and facilitate the tooling and the tool exchange, by constructing that a tool turret is additionally mounted at a lower portion of a guide bush of the automatic lathe provided with a gang type tool post consisted of a cross tool post and an outer-diameter tool post, and a rear tool post. 
         [0008]    Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic lathe, which can reduce occurrence of noise by constructing to transfer dynamic power from a motor to the tools mounted at a cross tool post by means of splines. 
         [0009]    Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic lathe, which can facilitate the exchange of bearings, reduce tooling time, and facilitate the tooling by constructing a housing detachable to a cross tool post separately and mounting a plurality of bearings at the housing, so that the housing can be detached when the bearings were damaged. 
         [0010]    To accomplish the above objects of the present invention, according to the present invention, there is provided an automatic lathe comprising a main shaft for transferring a machining material, a guide bush positioned on an extended line of the main shaft for guiding the machining material, a sub-shaft for chucking the other end of the machining material, a tool turret mounted at the lower portion of the guide bush for mounting various tools, a cross tool post mounted above the guide bush for carrying out machining such as drilling, milling, and the like, an outer-diameter tool post for carrying out thread machining, and the like, and a rear tool post mounted above the sub-shaft for carrying out machining such as drilling, milling, and the like of a rear surface of the material. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0011]    The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
           [0012]      FIG. 1  is an illustrative construction view of an automatic lathe according to the present invention; 
           [0013]      FIG. 2  is an enlarged view of a portion of the present invention; 
           [0014]      FIG. 3  is an illustrative operation view of a tool post and shafts of the automatic lathe according to the present invention; 
           [0015]      FIG. 4  is an illustrative construction view of a cross tool post used in the present invention; 
           [0016]      FIG. 5  is an illustrative installation view of the cross tool post used in the present invention; 
           [0017]      FIG. 6  is an illustrative separation view of the cross tool post used in the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
       [0018]    Hereinafter, the automatic lathe of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the appended drawings. 
         [0019]    At first,  FIG. 1  is an illustrative construction view of an automatic lathe according to the present invention, and  FIG. 2  is an enlarged view of a portion of the present invention. 
         [0020]    The automatic lathe of the present invention comprises a main shaft  2  for transferring a machining material, a guide bush  3  positioned on an extended line of the main shaft  2  for guiding the machining material, a sub-shaft  4  for chucking the other end of the machining material, a tool turret  10  mounted at a lower portion of the guide bush  3  for mounting various tools, a cross tool post  20  mounted above the guide bush  3  for carrying out the machining such as drilling, milling, and the like, an outer-diameter tool post  30  for carrying out thread machining, and the like, and a rear tool post  40  mounted above the sub-shaft for carrying out the machining such as drilling, milling, and the like to a rear surface of the material. Non-explained numerals are a body  1 , a door  5 , a control box  6 , and a bed  7 . 
         [0021]    Herein, the bed  7  is arranged to be inclined to about 60° and not vertically with respect to the bottom surface of the lathe, so that it is possible to smoothly discharge chips dropped to the bottom, which were produced during the machining of the machining material at the cross tool post, the outer-diameter tool post, and the rear tool post, without directly dropped to the tool turret  10 . 
         [0022]      FIG. 3  is an illustrative operation view of a tool post and shafts of the automatic lathe according to the present invention, in which a main shaft is transferred in the Z 1  direction together with transferring the machining material by chucking it, and a sub-shaft is transferred in the X 3  direction in addition to the Z 3  direction. 
         [0023]    The gang type tool post consisted of an outer-diameter tool post  30  and a cross tool post  20  can be transferred in the X 1  direction and the Y 1  direction, and the transferring in the Z direction is not required because it is accomplished in the main shaft  2  and the sub-shaft  4 . 
         [0024]    The rear tool post  40  is fixed to the body to machine the rear surface (a cutting surface of the material, after it is chucked) of the machining material chucked to the sub-shaft  4 . 
         [0025]    The tool turret  10  can be transferred in all directions including the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction, however, the tool turret  10  used in the present invention can be transferred in three axes directions, although the usual tool turret is generally transferred in two axes including the Z direction. 
         [0026]    In the present invention, the X direction represents for a width direction of the machining material from the upper side to the lower side, the Y direction represents for a width direction of the machining material from the left side to the right side, and the Z direction represents for an axis direction of the main shaft, in other words, a transferring direction of the machining material. 
         [0027]    The reason of dividing the X direction into X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , and the like is to distinguish the transferring directions of respective tool posts, and all directions of X 1 , X 2 , and X 3  are parallel with the X direction. The remaining Y and Z directions are disposed as above based on the same reasons. 
         [0028]    At first, when the machining material is transferred through the main shaft  2 , the machining is carried out at the state of the machining material chucked by the guide bush  3 . In this instance, each tool posts can be controlled at the same time without intervened from each other. 
         [0029]    In other words, when the machining material is mounted to the sub-shaft  4  and the main shaft  2 , the rear surface machining of the machining material W mounted at the sub-shaft  4  is carried out by a rear tool post  40  and the machining material w 1  mounted at the main shaft  2  can be simultaneously carried out by the outer-diameter tool post  30  and the cross tool post  20 . 
         [0030]    Also, it is possible to machine a hole eccentric to the center because the sub-shaft  4  can be transferred to the X direction in addition to the z direction, and it is possible to carry out all the complicated machining such as eccentric taper machining, machining of an eccentric hole, and machining of a special design, and the like because the tool turret can be transferred in all three axial directions. 
         [0031]    If it is required to machine the rear surface of the machining material after cutting it, the machining is carried out at the tool turret  10  and the rear tool post  40  after chucking the cut material with the sub-shaft  4 , and the finished product is discharged through a product outlet (not shown) formed at the lower portion of the sub-shaft  4 . 
         [0032]      FIG. 4  is an illustrative construction view of a cross tool post used in the present invention, in which the cross tool post  20  of the present invention comprises a cross drill motor, which is a power generating device, a plain gear  102  rotated by the cross drill motor  101 , an idle gear  106  rotated by the plain gear  102 , an idle shaft  107  engaged with the idle gear  106  for revolving, and a cross drill portion engaged with the idle shaft  107 . 
         [0033]    Herein, the cross drill portion comprises a splined shaft  108 , a rotating tool  105  engaged with the shaft  108 , and a housing  110  for accommodating the shaft  108  and the tool  105 , and is provided with a plurality of bearings  103 ,  104 . Non-explained numerals are a bolt  116  without a head, a stop screw  117 , a retainer  111 , a main body  109  of the cross tool post, a collar  112 , a parallel key  118 , a ball bearing  113 , and a plate spring  114 . 
         [0034]    At first, when the cross drill motor  101  is rotated, the plain gear  102  is also rotated by the motor shaft, the idle gear  106  and the idle shaft  107  are rotated by the plain gear  102 , and the shaft  108  of the cross drill portion, which is engaged at the inside of the idle shaft  107 , is rotated. 
         [0035]      FIG. 5  is an illustrative installation view of the cross tool post used in the present invention. In case of the automatic lathe of the present invention, a plurality of cross drill portions is engaged with the main body  109  of the cross tool post so that they are rotated. 
         [0036]    As shown in  FIG. 6 , the cross drill portion can be detached entirely from the main body  109  of the cross tool post, and a plurality of bearings  103 ,  104  is mounted to the housing  110 . 
         [0037]    In other words, with regard to the conventional cross drill of the automatic lathe, it was difficult to exchange bearings when they were damaged due to repeated high speed rotation, because they were mounted in grooves formed at the main body of the cross tool post. However, according to the present invention, a plurality of bearings  103 ,  104  is mounted in the housing  110 , which can be easily detached from the main body  109  of the cross tool post, to facilitate the maintenance, repair and exchange of them when they are damaged. 
         [0038]    In addition, it is possible to reduce the noise and the expense of making the product in comparison with the conventional cross tool post, which transferred the dynamic power by using only gears, because the tool  105  such as the cross drill, and the like is rotated by splines, after the idle shaft  107  is splined at the inside and the splined shaft  108  at the outside is engaged with the idle shaft  107  and rotated. 
         [0039]    As described above, in the automatic lathe according to the present invention, the tool turret is mounted to the lower portion of the guide bush thereby enlarging the work space, so that it is possible to carry out the machining of a complicated three-dimensional shape by using various tools, and it is possible to simultaneously machine a machining material with the gang type tool and the tool mounted to the tool turret thereby reducing the machining time drastically. 
         [0040]    Also, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of the noise, the time consumed in the assembly, and the expense for the machining of the gears by constructing the automatic lathe so that the dynamic power can be transferred to the tool mounted to the cross tool post from the motor by means of splines. In addition, it is possible to easily exchange bearings, reduce the tooling time, and facilitate the tooling, when they are damaged, by constructing that the housing can be detached to the cross tool post separately and mounting a plurality of bearings in the housing. 
         [0041]    While the present invention has been described with reference to the particular illustrative embodiments, it is not to be restricted by the embodiments but only by the appended claims. Also, it is to be appreciated that those skilled in the art can change or modify the embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.