Abstract:
A process in a computer managed communication network such as the World Wide Web with user access via a plurality of data processor controlled interactive display stations and with a system for displaying documents, e.g. Web pages, transmitted to said display stations from locations remote from said stations which provides the user with the option of bookmarking a whole document or just sections of the document. Conventional means associated with one of said receiving display stations are provided for bookmarking selected transmitted documents, e.g. whole Web pages to thereby store at said receiving display station, direct links to the documents for future access. In combination with this function, the invention provides the document or Web page creator with the facility of defining one or more sections of the document or Web page as independent secondary documents together with the facility at the receiving display station for optionally bookmarking any secondary document to thereby store at the receiving display station, a direct link to the secondary document without accessing the basic transmitted document.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
   The present invention relates to computer managed communication networks, such as the world wide web, and particularly to ease of use of interactive computer controlled display interfaces to networks for substantially reducing the time and resources required to access portions of complex and/or lengthy web pages. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   The 1990&#39;s decade has been marked by a technological revolution driven by the convergence of the data processing industry with the consumer electronics industry. The effect has in turn driven technologies which have been known and available but relatively quiescent over the years. A major one of these technologies is the internet related distribution of documents, media and programs. The convergence of the electronic entertainment and consumer industries with data processing exponentially accelerated the demand for wide ranging communications distribution channels and the World Wide Web (Web) or Internet, which had quietly existed for over a generation as a loose academic and government data distribution facility, reached “critical mass” and commenced a period of phenomenal expansion. With this expansion, businesses and consumers have direct access to all matter of documents, media and computer programs. 
   In addition, Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), which had been the documentation language of the Internet or Web for years, offered direct links between pages and other documentation on the Web and a variety of related data sources which were at first text and then evolved into media, i.e. “hypermedia”. This even further exploded the use of the Internet or Web. It was now possible for the Web browser or wanderer to spend literally hours going through document after document and accompanying media events in often less than productive excursions through the Web. These excursions often strained the user&#39;s time and resources. In order for the Internet to mature to its great expectations to solid commercial fruition, it will be necessary for the Internet to greatly reduce its drain on time and related resources. A significant source of this drain is in the Web page, the basic document page of the Web. Web pages still do not have much in the way of interface standards. Although many Web pages are professionally designed and, thus, relatively efficient to use, there are still a great many Web pages which are very cumbersome to access and to use. This may be due to the length and organization of the page which causes the user to load and then scroll through the lengthy page to reach the area of interest on the page. Even lengthy Web page browsing cycles in reaching areas of interest would be tolerable if the user could, upon finding the area, create a bookmark which would take him directly to the page area or section without going through the process of bookmarking and thereby accessing the entire long Web page and then going through the page until the area of interest is reached. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention overcomes these prior art problems by providing a method and program whereby a user may easily bookmark sections of a network, e.g. Web transmitted documents. The user then has the option of bookmarking the whole document or just sections of the document. The invention is directed to a computer managed communication network, such as the Web, with user access via a plurality of data processor controlled interactive display stations and with a system for displaying documents, e.g. Web pages transmitted to said display stations from locations remote from said stations. The invention provides for the conventional means associated with one of said receiving display stations for bookmarking selected transmitted documents, e.g. whole Web pages to thereby store at said receiving display station, direct links to the documents for future access. In combination with this function, the invention provides the document or Web page creator with the facility of defining one or more sections of the document or Web page as independent secondary documents together with the facility at the receiving display station for optionally bookmarking any secondary document to thereby store at the receiving display station, a direct link to the secondary document without accessing and first passing through the basic transmitted document. The invention is implemented by designing both the basic and secondary documents as hypertext, particularly HTML documents, and defining the secondary documents within the basic document or Web page through the use of JavaScript. 
   It should be noted that while the secondary or framed documents may be bookmarked so that they may be accessed without first accessing or going through their primary transmitted document, i.e. the Web page, nonetheless a feature of the present invention is that once the secondary document is, thus, directly accessed, its related Web page and, consequently, other secondary documents on the Web page may then be accessed through the accessed bookmarked secondary document. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a data processing system including a central processing unit and network connections via a communications adapter which is capable of implementing the receiving display station on which the received Web page may be processed in accordance with the present invention; 
       FIG. 2  is a generalized diagrammatic view of an Internet portion upon which the present invention may be implemented; 
       FIG. 3  is a diagrammatic illustration of a display screen showing a portion of a Web page having a defined frame at an initial stage in bookmarking the frame; 
       FIG. 4  is the display screen of  FIG. 3  at a next stage in bookmarking the frame; 
       FIG. 5  is the display screen of  FIG. 4  at a final stage of bookmarking the frame; 
       FIG. 6  is a general flowchart of a programming set up to implement the present invention for bookmarking secondary pages defined by frames in a Web page; 
       FIG. 7  is a flowchart of an illustrative run of the program set up in  FIG. 6 ; and 
       FIG. 8  is a diagrammatic illustration of the data structure supporting the primary Web page and several secondary framed documents on said Web page to show their relationship. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
   Referring to  FIG. 1 , a typical data processing terminal is shown which may function as a basic computer controlled network receiving terminal used in implementing the present invention for the bookmarking of secondary pages defined by frames in received Web pages. A central processing unit (CPU)  10 , such as one of the PC microprocessors or workstations, e.g. RISC System/6000™ (RS/6000) (RISC System/6000 is a trademark of International Business Machines Corporation) series available from International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), is provided and interconnected to various other components by system bus  12 . An operating system  41  runs on CPU  10 , provides control and is used to coordinate the function of the various components of  FIG. 1 . Operating system  41  may be one of the commercially available operating systems such as the AIX 6000™ operating system or OS/2™ operating system available from IBM (AIX 6000 and OS/2 are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation); Microsoft&#39;s Windows 95™ or Windows NT™, as well as UNIX and AIX operating systems. Application programs  40  controlled by the system are moved into and out of the main memory RAM  14 . These programs include the program of the present invention to be subsequently described in combination with any conventional Web browser, such as the Netscape 3.0™ or Microsoft&#39;s Explorer™. A read only memory (ROM)  16  is connected to CPU  10  via bus  12  and includes the basic input/output system (BIOS) that controls the basic computer functions. Random access memory (RAM)  14 , I/O adapter  18  and communications adapter  34  are also interconnected to system bus  12 . I/O adapter  18  may be a small computer system interface (SCSI) adapter that communicates with the disk storage device  20 . Communications adapter  34  interconnects bus  12  with an outside network enabling the data processing system to communicate with other such systems over a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN), which includes, of course, the Web or Internet. I/O devices are also connected to system bus  12  via user interface adapter  22  and display adapter  36 . Keyboard  24  and mouse  26  are all interconnected to bus  12  through user interface adapter  22 . It is through such input devices that the user may interactively relate to the programs for bookmarking according to the present invention. Display adapter  36  includes a frame buffer  39 , which is a storage device that holds a representation of each pixel on the display screen  38 . Images may be stored in frame buffer  39  for display on monitor  38  through various components such as a digital to analog converter (not shown) and the like. By using the aforementioned I/O devices, a user is capable of inputting information to the system through the keyboard  24  or mouse  26  and receiving output information from the system via display  38 . 
   Before going further into the details of specific embodiments, it will be helpful to understand from a more general perspective the various elements and methods which may be related to the present invention. Since a major aspect of the present invention is directed to documents, such as Web pages, transmitted over networks, an understanding of networks and their operating principles would be helpful. We will not go into great detail in describing the networks to which the present invention is applicable. Reference has also been made to the applicability of the present invention to a global network such as the Internet. For details on Internet nodes, objects and links, reference is made to the text,  Mastering the Internet , G. H. Cady et al., published by Sybex Inc., Alameda, Calif., 1996. 
   Any data communication system which interconnects or links computer controlled systems with various sites defines a communications network. A network may be as simple as two linked computers or it may be any combination of LANs or WANs. Of course, the Internet or Web is a global network of a heterogeneous mix of computer technologies and operating systems. Higher level objects are linked to the lower level objects in the hierarchy through a variety of network server computers. These network servers are the key to network distribution such as the distribution of Web pages and related documentation. The HTML language is described in detail in the text entitled  Just Java , particularly at Chapter 7, pp. 249–268, dealing with the handling of Web pages and also in the above-referenced  Mastering the Internet , particularly pp. 637–642 on HTML in the formation of Web pages. In addition, significant aspects of this invention will involve Web browsers. A general and comprehensive description of browsers may be found in the above-mentioned  Mastering the Internet  text at pp. 291–313. 
   A generalized diagram of a portion of an Internet, which the computer  56  controlled display terminal  57  used for Web page or other document display of the present invention, is connected as shown in  FIG. 2 . Computer  56  and display terminal  57  are the computer system shown in  FIG. 1  and connection  58  ( FIG. 2 ) is the network connection shown in  FIG. 1 . Reference may be made to the above-mentioned  Mastering the Internet , pp. 136–147, for typical connections between local display workstations to the Internet via network servers, any of which may be used to implement the system on which this invention is used. The system embodiment of  FIG. 2  is one of these known as a host-dial connection. Such host-dial connections have been in use for over 30 years through network access servers  53  which are linked  51  to the Internet  50 . The servers  53  are maintained by a service provider to the client&#39;s display terminal  57 . The host&#39;s server  53  is accessed by the client terminal  57  through a normal dial-up telephone linkage  58  via modem  54 , telephone line  55  and modem  52 . The HTML files representative of the Web pages are downloaded to display terminal  57  through controlling server  53  and computer  56  via the telephone line linkages from server  53  which may have accessed them from the internet  50  via linkage  51 . 
   Operating with HTML documents in frames and the construction of such documents is described in the text,  Dynamic HTML in Action , Michele Petrovsky, published by Osborne, McGraw-Hill, Berkeley, Calif., 1998, particularly at pages 150–157. The frames are not documents, they define the parameters which documents with assigned HTML tags fill. In most conventional Web browsers, a window is anything within which you may display a defined HTML document. In the present invention, since the HTML contents of the frames defining the basic Web page and its related secondary documents are related, their respective frames may be referenced to each other in a frame set.  FIG. 8  is a very generalized illustration of a data structure defining a frame set showing the relationships of the basic Web page frame and its related secondary documents. To simplify, for purposes of illustration, the frame set may be considered to comprise a stack of frames arranged in an overlapping window data structure. The frames in which the respective HTML contents of Web page and its secondary documents are stored, each comprise a main frame such as frame  81  containing the basic Web page HTML and main frames  82  to  84 , each respectively containing the HTML contents of a secondary document within the Web page, as well as an individual HTML name. Each of these main frames has an associated global frame  80  which contains the global information correlating the main frame with the other main frames in the set. In this manner, as will be hereinafter described in greater detail, after the HTML contents of and the name of a particular secondary document frame  82 – 84  have been individually bookmarked, when the secondary document is directly accessed through its bookmark and displayed, its associated Web page and other secondary documents may be accessed based upon the connecting information in the global frames  80 . 
   Now with respect to  FIGS. 3 through 5 , we will provide an illustrative example of how the present invention may be used to bookmark a Web page in the customary manner on a browser and how secondary documents on the page may be bookmarked in accordance with the present invention. When the screen images are described, it will be understood that these may be rendered by storing image and text creation programs, such as those in any conventional window operating system and in a standard browser program in the RAM  14  of the system of  FIG. 1 . The operating system is diagrammatically shown in  FIG. 1  as operating system  41 . The display screens of  FIGS. 3 through 7  are presented to the viewer on display monitor  38  of  FIG. 1 . In accordance with conventional techniques, the user may control the screen interactively through a conventional I/O device such as mouse  26 , FIG.  1 , which operates through user interface  22  to call upon programs in RAM  14  cooperating with the operating system  41  to create the images in frame buffer  39  of display adapter  36  to control the display on monitor  38 . 
   The initial display screen of  FIG. 3  shows a display screen where a browser program, Microsoft Internet Explorer™, has been used to access a Web page  63  into display space  61 . In addition, the selecting of a link  62 , “Satisfaction”, from the options on the Web page  63 , which has resulted in the accessing and display of secondary document  64 , entitled “Satisfaction”. At this point, the user may add a bookmark back to his whole Web page  63  by clicking on “Favorites” (bookmark) option  67  on the basic menu bar which will cause the browser program to add the whole Web page entitled “IBM Easy” to be bookmarked in the conventional browser manner. If the user wishes to bookmark the secondary document  64 , then the user presses bookmarking feature  65  (Favorites) when the user cursor is within secondary document  64 . This is the feature provided by this invention to be used only for the bookmarking of secondary documents. This results in the appearance of prompt  66 , but this time the user follows its instructions and goes on to select the Favorites option  67  from the menu bar that results in drop down menu  68 ,  FIG. 4 , which in addition to a selection of already bookmarked Favorites contains the option  71  “Add to Favorites”. Then, when the user selects the option  71  the result is dialog panel  72  appearing,  FIG. 5 , from which, the user then may, by confirming the option  73  by pressing the standard OK button, cause the secondary document  64  to be bookmarked and added to the list of bookmarked documents in Favorites menu  68 . It should be noted that this confirmatory selection  73  results in whichever frame in the stored frame set shown in  FIG. 8  being brought to the top of the stack. If we would assume that the HTML for document  64  would be in frame  84  then that frame  84  would be brought to the top of the frame set stack so that it could be appropriately bookmarked. When a bookmarked secondary document is subsequently accessed through its bookmark, it still retains its connections with the basic Web page and other secondary documents on the Web page by means of JavaScript code embedded in HTML text of the secondary bookmarked document. Thus, when a secondary bookmarked document is accessed through its bookmark, the basic browser being used interprets the JavaScript code in the bookmarked secondary document and displays all other secondary documents associated with it. 
   JavaScript is a conventional simple interpreted scripting language that enables Web page developers to embed simple Java-like programming instructions within the HTML text of Web pages. For further information with respect to the use of JavaScript within HTML text in Web page frames, reference is made to the above-mentioned text,  Dynamic HTML in Action , Petrovsky, particularly at pages 150–158 and 184–185. 
   Now with reference to  FIGS. 6 and 7  we will describe a process implemented by the present invention in conjunction with the flowcharts of these figures.  FIG. 6  is a flowchart showing the development of a process according to the present invention for enabling a user of a Web page to bookmark secondary documents within the page. With reference to  FIG. 6 , first, process step  101 , in implementing the program the Web page developer is provided with the facility of creating within the Web page, HTML frames which are independent of the Web page, but nonetheless globally connected to the Web page as described with respect to  FIG. 8 . The developer may, of course, put content into the framed documents, step  102 . Then, step  103 , a conventional Web browser program is provided at the Web page receiving display station, e.g. the computer controlled display of  FIG. 1  or display station  56 ,  57  of  FIG. 2 . The Web browser provides for the bookmarking of Web pages in the conventional manner, step  104 . A program routine is provided at the receiving display station for designating a HTML frame representing a secondary document in the Web page to be added to bookmarks, step  105 , e.g.  FIGS. 3 , and in response to such a request, providing a dialog box for adding such a bookmark, step  106 , (see “Add to Favorites” entry  FIG. 4  and confirmatory dialog box entry  73  in  FIG. 5 ). Lastly, step  107 , a process is provided for bringing the designated HTML frame to the top of the stored frame set data whereby the top frame is added to the conventional list of bookmarks in the browser, as described with respect to  FIG. 8 . 
   The running of the process will now be described with respect to  FIG. 7 . First, step  111 , when there is a received Web page, the browser program loads the page into the receiving computer display, step  111 . Then a determination is made as to whether the user has pressed the bookmark, i.e. “Favorites” button, decision step  112 . If No, there may be a determination made, step  113 , as to whether the session is over. If Yes, then exit. Let us assume No, then the flow returns to  112  where the user continues to work with the page until the bookmark button is pressed and the step  112  decision is Yes. At this point a determination is made via decision step  114  as to whether the user, i.e. cursor, is in the Web page in general or in a particular HTML frame. If there is a No decision from step  114  indicating that the user is not in any frame and, thus, is in the Web page in general, the conventional browser program is permitted to designate the Web page as bookmarked and add the Web page to the standard browser list, step  115 , and the process is then returned to step  112 . On the other hand, if the decision from step  114  is Yes, then the user is urged via prompt  66 ,  FIG. 3 , to select “Add to Favorites” from the Favorites menu  68 ,  FIG. 4 , which then has to be confirmed via dialog box selection  73 ,  FIG. 5 . Note that the user may at this point decide not to add a bookmark at either stage of  FIG. 4  or  FIG. 5 . In such a case, the decision from step  117  would be No and the process would return to step  112 ,  FIG. 7 . However, if the decision from step  117  is Yes, the user chooses to add the bookmarked secondary frame HTML page to the bookmark list, then, step  118 , the frame in the set containing the secondary page will be brought to the top of the stored frame set as described with respect to  FIG. 8  and the bookmarked secondary page will be added to the standard “Favorites” list, step  119 , after which the process returns to step  112  where a determination is made as to further bookmarks. 
   One of the preferred implementations of the present invention is as an application program  40  made up of programming steps or instructions resident in RAM  14 ,  FIG. 1 , during computer operations. Until required by the computer system, the program instructions may be stored in another readable medium, e.g. in disk drive  20 , or in a removable memory such as an optical disk for use in a CD ROM computer input, or in a floppy disk for use in a floppy disk drive computer input. Further, the program instructions may be stored in the memory of another computer prior to use in the system of the present invention and transmitted over a LAN or a WAN, such as the Internet, when required by the user of the present invention. One skilled in the art should appreciate that the processes controlling the present invention are capable of being distributed in the form of computer readable media of a variety of forms. 
   Although certain preferred embodiments have been shown and described, it will be understood that many changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope and intent of the appended claims.