Abstract:
The slurry distributor comprises two or more square pipe sections in end-to-end relation having an inlet at one end for connection to a slurry supply and provided with discharge openings equally spaced longitudinally thereof; on each side of the square pipe for discharge of the slurry, the openings being successively obstructed manually or by deposited solids from the slurry itself piling up on the original ground level. The distributor is used to control the slurry composition for dyke building and general tailings disposal consisting of mine tailings.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to slurry distributors for the control of slurry composition, building dykes and general tailing disposal from mine tailings to form a retaining area for mine tailings and concentration process water protection berms and dykes. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     It is known to provide a main large diameter pipe fed with slurry made of mine residues and having a series of small diameter spigots, which can be successively closed or opened manually on one side. 
     The slurry is discharged at selected points on the ground for dyke building and when the slurry pile is sufficiently high at one spigot the latter is closed and opened again after extending the branch to an adjacent location. Once a certain area has been filled with the slurry, the branches are disconnected from the main pipe and again have to be connected after moving the entire assembly to another site. 
     This system has several disadvantages. It requires a large pumping capacity because of the resistance to the flow of slurry through the small diameter spigots. It is labor intensive since the branches have to be extended continuously. The branches are connected to and disconnected from the main pipe each time the system is moved to another site. The main drawback is the fact that the starter dyke which must be mechanically built to form an abutment for the succeeding deposition of the slurry must be quite high and wide requiring several weeks of work by mechanical earth movers such as bulldozers to place the required volume for the starter dyke. This represents a major portion of the cost of building or increasing the height of the retaining dyke. In addition, this system does not lend itself to general tailings disposal. 
     It is also known that for small smaller slurry flow requirements to provide a pipe with holes in the bottom suspended on wood racks. This method allows the deposition of the coarse portion of the tailings through the holes until they are successively obstructed. A length of this perforated pipe is installed perpendicular to the starter dyke. 
     This system has several disadvantages. It can only be used for general tailings disposal and is not efficient (in many cases inadequate) for dyke construction because it does not allow for a uniform distribution of the slurry material from the beginning to the end of the pipe, hence the deposition angle formed at each successive hole becomes flatter and flatter. It does not allow for control of the slurry composition. 
     OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION 
     It is therefore the general object of the present invention to overcome the above noted disadvantages in that the system of the invention requires starter dykes of minimum size, are less labor intensive in that no work is required to the distributor duct until it is displaced from one site to the other several days later and in that it requires less pumping capacity (20%) than conventional systems with branches fitted with spigots. 
     A second object of the present invention is the provision of a slurry distributor, which is less expensive to build and maintain than conventional distributors, and which is easily installed, advanced and removed onto and from a dyke building site. 
     A third object of the present invention is the provision of a slurry distributor, which can be used for general tailings disposal due to its capacity control the tailings composition and provide a uniform distribution of the slurry material along the entire length of the distributor. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention is directed to a slurry distributor which comprises a duct with an inlet end and an outer end, supports under said duct for supporting the same above ground in generally horizontal position, said duct having longitudinally spaced slurry discharge openings, said inlet end adapted to be connected to a supply of slurry under pressure whereby said slurry can be discharged from said duct directly unto the ground with the solid content of said slurry gradually forming dyke portions under and adjacent said duct along the length thereof and progressively obstructing said openings from said inlet end to said outer end. The duct is of generally rectangular cross-section and has a ceiling, a floor and side walls, said discharge openings made in said side walls, said opening arranged in pairs, the opening of each pair are aligned across of said duct and further including inverted V-shape baffles on said floor with the apices of said V-shape baffles meeting along the centre line of said floor and said baffles diverging in a direction opposite to said inlet end and ending at said openings. 
     Preferably, flat strips are secured at an angle to said side walls and to said floor and extending upstream from a single pair of registering discharge openings just upstream of the support. 
     Preferably, the top of the discharge openings on one side of said duct are at a lower level than the top of the discharge openings on the other side of said duct. 
     Preferably, the duct is made of two laterally spaced I-beam sections with the web of said I-beam forming said side walls and of top and bottom plates secured to the top and bottom flanges of said beam and forming with said flanges said ceiling and said floor of said duct. 
     Preferably, each discharge opening has along its sides vertically arranged guide ways located externally of said top and bottom flanges of said I-beam, and closure plates vertically guided in said guide ways. 
     Preferably, the duct is composed of two or more duct sections in end-to-end relation with connectors at each end of each section for connecting said sections. 
     Preferably, each duct section has a hook fixed to and upwardly protruding from its ceiling at the centre of gravity of said section to be bodily lifted and transported. 
     Preferably, said connectors include a pair of transversely registering ears upstanding from each end of said section, the ears at one end overlapping and removable attached to the ears at another end of an adjacent section whereby an additional section can be connected pin to an already installed section while inclined and then lowered to become in abutment with said already installed section with the adjacent ends of said two sections in abutment and in alignment. 
     Preferably, the openings on both sides of said duct have a sill at the same level above said floor but below the apices of said baffles and the openings on one side of the duct are higher than the openings on the other side of said duct. 
     Preferably, each of said supports is a box-like member with a downward extending skirt at the bottom of said support. 
     Preferably, a connector removable fitted to said inlet end of said duct, having a rectangular cross-section at one end to conform with the cross-sectional shape of said duct and having circular cross-section at the other end to be connected to a slurry supply cylindrical pipe. 
     Preferably, spaced apart sleeve members are secured to the underside of one of said duct sections spaced apart to receive the forks of a fork-truck and inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of said duct section so that said duct section is inclined to the horizontal when lifted by the forks of said lift truck. 
     Preferably, there are hook means at the center of gravity of said duct section protruding upwardly from the ceiling of the same. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     In the annexed drawings, like reference characters indicate like elements throughout. 
     FIG. 1 is a side elevation of the distributor of the invention installed on a dyke building site; 
     FIG. 1 a  is an enlarged view of a portion of one of the two duct sections; 
     FIG. 2 is a side elevation of two duct sections showing their coupling portions; 
     FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the view of the coupling portions shown in FIG. 2; 
     FIG. 4 is a cross-section of one duct section taken along line  4 — 4  of FIG. 6; and 
     FIG. 5 is a cross-section taken along line  5 — 5  of FIG. 4; and 
     FIG. 6 is a top plan section of one portion of the duct of the invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     The distributor of the invention consists of a pipe or duct  2  of generally rectangular cross-section being for instance fifteen inches wide by twenty inches high. The duct is composed for instance of two duct sections, namely duct section  4  which may have seventy feet in length and duct section  6  which may have forty feet in length. 
     Each duct section is formed by two laterally spaced I-beams  8  as shown in FIG. 4, the top flanges  10  of each I-beam together with an intervening plate  12  welded thereto form the ceiling of the duct while the bottom flanges  14  and the bottom plate  16  welded thereto form the floor of the duct. The web  18  of I-beams  8  form the side walls of the duct. These side walls are provided with left and right discharge openings  20  and  22  respectively looking in the direction of flow of the slurry as shown by arrow A in FIGS. 1 and 6. 
     These discharge openings are arranged in pairs the openings of each pair aligned across the duct and each pair of openings are equally longitudinally spaced for a distance of, for instance, about ten feet along the length of duct  2  as shown in FIG.  1 . The number, placement and size of the openings is determined from the characteristics of the slurry material flowing in the duct. Each opening  20  and  22  has a sill  24  which is spaced above the floor  14 ,  16 , the left discharge openings  20  have a top edge  26  which is at a lower level than the top edge  28  of right discharge openings  22  for a purpose which will be later described. 
     Each opening can be closed in a non-waterproof manner by means of a slide door  30  having a handle  31 . As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the slide door is guided for up and down movement by means of guideways formed on each side of the opening by an L-shaped vertical bar  32  and vertical angle irons  34  extended by a flat vertical bar  36 . The door is also guided by a flat horizontal bar  38  and comes to rest on an angle bar  39 . 
     The floor  14 ,  16  of the duct  2  is provided with deflector baffles  40  formed of angle irons secured in upside down position and diverging in the direction of the slurry flow as shown at A in FIG.  6 . Baffles  40  are welded to flanges  14  and to centre filler plate  44 . 
     The apices  42  of the deflector baffles  40  are at a level slightly higher than the level of the sills  24  of the left and right discharge openings  20 ,  22  as shown FIG.  4 . Deflector plates  46  are secured at an angle to the sidewalls and floor at each corner thereof and extend upstream from baffles  40  as clearly shown in FIG. 6. A floor hole  48  is made through the floor  14 ,  16  just upstream from the baffles  40  and support  70  as shown in FIG.  6 . 
     The inlet end of the duct section  4  is connected to a connector tube  50  which has a cylindrical inner end  52  to be connected to a standard cylindrical pin for supplying slurry under pressure. The connector tube  50  has an outer end portion  54  of rectangular cross-section sized to form a but joint with the inner end of duct section  4 . 
     As shown FIGS. 2 and 3, the inner end of duct section  6  is provided with a pair of upstanding ears  56  supporting a cross-pin  58  adapted to engage the recesses  60  of ears  62  upstanding from duct section  4  when duct section  6  is upwardly inclined with respect to duct section  4 . Subsequent, lowering of duct section  6  brings the two adjacent ends of the sections  4 ,  6  in abutment. 
     Duct section  4  (see FIG. 1) is provided with a hook  64  at its centre of gravity for handling the duct section  4  with a loader or the like. Also, straps  66  are disposed on each side of the hook  64  for raising and lowering the duct section by means of a fork truck or the like. 
     Similarly, as shown in FIG. 1 a,  duct section  6  is provided at its centre of gravity with a hook  64  and a pair of upstanding straps  66  and it is further provided with fork receiving sleeves  68  protruding from the floor of the duct section and inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the section whereby said duct section can be manipulated by a fork truck while at a suitable inclination for hooking onto the previously laid duct section  4  by means of the connector assembly  56  to  62 . 
     The duct  2  is supported in generally horizontal position above ground G by means of a support  70  in the form of a box provided at its bottom with a skirt  72  to be inserted into the ground so as to stabilize a support  70 , which is positioned under the connector assembly  56  to  62 . 
     The slurry is normally composed of water and 20 to 60% solid material by weight of different size distribution. This material comes from the residues of the ore concentration operation and serves to build a dyke to eventually form a retaining pond for receiving the mine tailings. A starter dyke is first made using bulldozers or other mechanical equipment, this starter dyke of generally trapezoidal cross-section is made as small as possible in cross-section because of the heavy expenditure involved in the use of mechanical earth moving equipment as opposed to hydraulically depositing the material with the slurry distributor. 
     The duct  2  is laid along and a suitable distance determined by slurry characteristics from the starter dyke on the pond side thereof and is connected by the connector tube  50  to a slurry supply under pressure. The slurry is discharged from the discharge openings  20 ,  22  closest to the connector tube and gradually forms a mound on each side of and underneath the duct  2  which becomes sufficiently high to obstruct these first upstream openings  20 ,  22 . The slurry continues to the next downstream pair of discharge openings and is discharged at this site to form a mound. The process is continued until the deposited material successively obstructs all the openings. 
     The material is also directly discharged underneath the duct by the floor holes  48 . To prevent the discharge of granular material to build up to a level higher than duct  2 , the slide doors  30  are inserted to close the no-longer discharging openings  20 ,  22 . 
     The support  72  becomes fully embedded into the deposited material. 
     One side of the discharge openings  20  is facing the starter dyke. 
     These openings have a lower height than the discharge opening  22  so that the finer portion of the slurry is trapped within the top of duct  2  and is not discharged from this side of the duct, only the coarser material being discharged so that the dyke can be built with as steep a slope as possible on the side of the starter dyke. 
     After the duct has become practically embedded in the granular material, it is moved to another site further along the length of the starter dyke to continue the building of the main dyke.