Abstract:
Embodiments disclosed herein include systems and methods for voltage detection. One embodiment of a method includes receiving, at a voltage detection device, a power command, implementing a power conditioning stage, where the power conditioning stage provides power to electrical components of the voltage detection device, and performing an internal battery charge state built in test (BIT) function. Some embodiments include providing device function, control, sensing, signal processing, and user output functions, sampling a state of charge of a power supply of the voltage detection device, and outputting test result information. Still some embodiments include receiving, via an antenna of the voltage detection device, an indication of an ambient voltage and outputting a warning signal that identifies presence of the ambient voltage.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/625,875, entitled Voltage Detection Device, filed Apr. 18, 2012, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     Embodiments described herein generally relate to a voltage detection device and, more specifically, to a non-contact device that senses alternating current line voltages. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Many voltage detectors are configured as parallel connection devices. Specifically, if a voltage reading is desired across a point in a circuit, a voltage detector is generally connected in parallel with that point in the circuit. As voltage is equal across parallel segments of a circuit, such a configuration often yields accurate voltage readings. Problems exist however, when the voltage to be detected is ambient voltage, which is not associated with (or which radiates from) a physical circuit. As an example, when power lines are severed, live wires often produce large high voltage areas in the surrounding air. Because rescue workers and others may be required to enter that area to attend to victims, extinguish fires, and/or perform other actions, those rescue workers do not want to subject themselves to potentially dangerous voltage levels. As a result, voltage detection in the surrounding areas is desired. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The embodiments set forth in the drawings are illustrative and exemplary in nature and not intended to limit the disclosure. The following detailed description of the illustrative embodiments can be understood when read in conjunction with the following drawings, where like structure is indicated with like reference numerals and in which: 
         FIG. 1  schematically depicts an image of a voltage detection device, according to embodiments disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 2  schematically depicts components of the voltage detection device, according to embodiments disclosed herein; 
         FIGS. 3A-3D  schematically depict various components of a main board of the voltage detection device, according to embodiments disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 4  schematically depicts various components of a daughter board of the voltage detection device, according to embodiments disclosed herein; and 
         FIG. 5  schematically depicts various components of an antenna of the voltage detection device, according to embodiments disclosed herein. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Embodiments disclosed herein include a voltage detection device, which includes a hand-held case assembly with installed logos, light pipe, and attendant hardware, a power supply (e.g., a battery), a main board, and a daughter board. The main board and daughter board may be printed circuit board configurations; however, this is not a requirement. Through these components, embodiments of the voltage detection device include a plurality of operational stage circuits, such as a signal amplifier stage circuit, a voltage processing stage circuit, a microprocessor processing stage circuit, and a device power conditioning stage circuit. With this hardware, software, and functional components, embodiments of the voltage detection device provide a non-contact electronic device that senses at a range from about 40 Hertz to about 70 Hertz alternating current (AC) line voltages and outputs visible and/or audible warning signals based on the detected line voltages. 
     Referring now to the drawings,  FIG. 1  schematically depicts a voltage detection device  100 , according to embodiments disclosed herein. As illustrated, the voltage detection device  100  includes an exterior portion  102 , an antenna  104 , and one or more input/output devices  106 . The exterior portion  102  may include a protective cover, shell, and/or other device for protecting the internal components of the voltage detection device  100 . Additionally, the antenna  104  may be configured for detecting about 40 Hertz to about 70 Hertz of AC line voltages. The antenna  104  may include and/or be coupled to a double sided printed circuit board (PCB) and an attendant connector pin field. The antenna  104  may utilize solid metal planes on each of the PCB to receive radiated AC fields to accumulate a charge from the fields and supply a readable imposed voltage to the amplifier stages discussed below. 
     Additionally, the input/output devices  106  may include a power option  106   a  and an output device. The output device may include a speaker  106   b  and/or visual display device  106   c , each for providing a visual display and/or warning signal. The power option  106   a  may include a power button, slide switch, or other device for receiving a power command and thus activating and/or deactivating the voltage detection device  100 . The speaker  106   b  may include any audio producing device, such as a miniature, waterproof polyethylene coned micro-speaker or enunciator that is capable of about a 95 decibel audio response (alarm output). The speaker  106   b  may be configured to provide audio alerts, based on a predetermined threshold of detected AC line voltage. Similarly, the visual display device  106   c  may be configured as a light emitting diode (LED), liquid crystal display (LCD), and/or other visual indicator for alerting a user of in-line voltages that meet a predetermined threshold. Thus, when the voltage detection device  100  receives an indication of an ambient voltage, the speaker  106   b  and/or the visual display device  106   c  may activate. 
       FIG. 2  schematically depicts components of the voltage detection device  100 , according to embodiments disclosed herein. As illustrated, the voltage detection device  100  may include the input/output devices  106 , a main board  202 , a daughter board  204 , and the antenna  104 . A power supply  206  is also provided and may be embodied as a battery or other power supply. These devices may be coupled to each other via a communications medium  208 , which may be configured as a wire, bus, or other medium for facilitating communication among the various components of the voltage detection device  100 . It should be understood that while many of the features depicted herein are described as being implemented by circuitry, these are merely examples. In some embodiments, the circuitry may be implemented via firmware, software, and/or another type of non-transitory computer-readable medium. In some embodiments, the circuitry is implemented via instructions stored on a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executed by a processor. 
       FIGS. 3A-3D  schematically depict various components of a main board  202  of the voltage detection device  100 , according to embodiments disclosed herein. As illustrated, the main board  202  may include a processor  322  and/or other components for providing the functionality described herein. The processor  322  may include a plurality of inputs and/or outputs and may be connected to a supervisor component. The processor depicted in  FIG. 3A  includes a 64-pin configuration, but other configurations may also be implemented. Similarly, the supervisor component is depicted in  FIG. 3A  as including an 8-pin configuration. This also is merely an example. 
     Referring specifically to  FIGS. 3B-3D , the main board  202  may also include a frequency modulated (FM) intermediate frequency (IF) system component  326 . The FM IF system component  326  is depicted as a 16-pin component, but this is also just an example. FIG.  3 B also includes an 8-pin slide switch  328 , a power supply  330 , amplifiers  332   a ,  332   b , an antenna input connector  334 , and/or other components for performing the functionality described herein. 
       FIG. 4  schematically depicts various components of a daughter board  204  of the voltage detection device  100 , according to embodiments disclosed herein. As illustrated, the daughter board  204  may include one or more components, such as the speaker  106   b  and the visual display device  106   c . Also included is a logic gate component  406 , and/or other components, such as transistors, resistors, capacitors, etc. 
     It should be understood that while the daughter board  204  is depicted in  FIG. 4 , this is merely an example. Some embodiments only include a single circuit board for providing the functionality herein. 
       FIG. 5  schematically depicts various components of an antenna  104  of the voltage detection device  100 , according to embodiments disclosed herein. As described above, the antenna  104  may be coupled to the main board  202  and/or the daughter board  204  and may be configured for detecting in line AC voltages. 
     Specifically, the main board  202 , the daughter board  204 , and/or the antenna  104  may be configured to provide a plurality of operational stages. As an example, the voltage detection device  100  may include a signal amplifier stage circuit, a voltage processing stage circuit, a microprocessor processing stage circuit, a device power conditioning stage circuit, and/or other stages. The signal amplifier stage circuit may include an amplifier on the main board  202  and/or daughter board  204  that includes a plurality of high temperature stability, ultra low noise amplifiers. The amplifiers may be coupled to filtering elements to eliminate ultra low frequencies (such as less than about 40 Hertz) and very low frequencies (such as greater than about 70 Hertz). These amplifier gains may be adjusted to very high gain levels to accommodate the sensing of low sensed AC field signal strength accomplishing high sensitivities of near and far fields. 
     Similarly, the voltage processing stage may utilize a custom integrated circuit block that converts amplified half wave AC signal into a fully rectified direct current (DC) signal via an internal full wave rectification bridge for further signal processing. Another functional element of the processing stage circuitry includes 5 in-line stages of logarithmic amplification to add additional gain to the pre-processed DC signal. The voltage processing stage circuitry may also include a high precision logarithmic voltage to current converter circuit that converts the processed DC signal into a measurable DC. Another element of the voltage processing stage circuitry includes a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) subsection that effectively acts as a precise, low thermal drift signal strength meter that provides the processor  322  and related subsections analog to digital converter to measure and provide analog input/outputs to drive the input/output devices  106  to provide the user with situational cues as to the proximity of the detected AC fields. 
     Similarly, the microprocessor processing stage may include the processor  322  from  FIG. 3 . The processor  322  may execute software that causes the processor  322  to measure the pre-signal conditioned DC signal, utilizing an analog to digital converter capable of providing about 1023 measurement steps of the incoming preconditioned DC signal level provided by the RSSI section of the voltage processing stage. The processor  322  may provide a plurality of functional attributes, such as an internal battery charge state built in test (BIT) function component for testing a current state of a power supply, an audible alarm annunciation function, and a visual alarm indicator function. 
     The internal battery charge state BIT function component may include a dedicated analog to digital converter channel that reads the charge state and voltage level of the power supply at system startup. The BIT function additionally indicates if the voltage detection device  100  is in an acceptable operational state by providing a predetermined output. As an example, the BIT function can output a continually repeating audible alarm that indicates the power supply state meets a predetermined threshold. As another example, the BIT function can rapidly output visual and audible alarms that indicate that the voltage detection device  100  has passed a self-test cycle. 
     Similarly, the audible alarm annunciation function may include the speaker  106   b  from  FIG. 1 . As discussed above, the speaker  106   b  may include a miniature, waterproof polyethylene coned micro-speaker that is capable of about a 95 decibel audible alarm output. The audible output provides audible cues to the user as to the relative proximity and/or location of a detected AC source. The visual alarm indicator function utilizes the visual display device  106   c  from  FIG. 1 , such as a high brightness red optical LED to provide a visual response, such as a warning signal (e.g., flashing for 5 seconds) to the user as to the relative proximity and/or location of a detected AC source. The LED indicator may be focus transparent light-pipe affixed through the wall of the external portion  101  (also  FIG. 1 ). 
     Embodiments of the device power conditioning stage includes a master power switch, the power supply, a high quality, low thermal drift voltage regulator circuitry, and attendant noise filtering components that provide electronic circuitry of the device a stable, clean power supply. 
     In operation, the voltage detection device  100  is powered on by a user selecting the power option  106   a  ( FIG. 1 ). The power conditioning stage may be implemented and provides power to the electrical components of the voltage detection device  100 . The processor  322  ( FIG. 3 ) boots and performs the internal battery charge state BIT function. The processor  322  initializes the firmware control software to provide device function, control, sensing, signal processing, and user output functions. The processor  322  then samples the state of charge of the power supply  206  and outputs test result information via an audible and/or visual output, as described above. 
     As illustrated above, various embodiments of the voltage detection device  100  are disclosed. These embodiments provide a mechanism for a user to determine the location, direction, intensity, and/or other parameters of a voltage source that could cause harm to those in the vicinity. This voltage detection device  100  may be operated without physical connection to the source of the ambient voltage, thereby allowing the user to detect the voltage from a safe distance. 
     While particular embodiments and aspects of the present disclosure have been illustrated and described herein, various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Moreover, although various aspects have been described herein, such aspects need not be utilized in combination. Accordingly, it is therefore intended that the appended claims cover all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of the embodiments shown and described herein.