Abstract:
The invention relates to a reflector arrangement comprising a reflector and a light guide. It is characterized in that the use of film hinges permits simpler and lower-cost assembly than has heretofore been possible with comparable reflector arrangements.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
   This application is the National Stage of International Application No. PCT/DE2005/001119, filed on Jun. 23, 2005, which claims the priority to German Patent Applications Ser. No. 102004032948.6, filed on Jul. 7, 2004, and Ser. No. 102005016849.3, filed on Apr. 12, 2005. The contents of all of the above-identified applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties. 
   FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
   The invention relates to a reflector arrangement comprising a reflector and an optical waveguide. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   Arrangements of this kind are used to guide light from a light source to a desired location with as little loss as possible and there to couple it out of the light guide in accordance with the application, particularly through a window. Depending on the intended use, the widest variety of light sources are combined with such reflector arrangements. Light-emitting or laser diodes, inter alia, can be employed as light sources. 
   Reflector arrangements find application as general illuminants or as efficient background lighting for liquid crystal displays (LCDs). In such cases, the light is usually guided from the light source to a window, from which it is extracted as uniformly as possible. The light guide often has a roughened surface at the site of the exit window, to homogenize the exiting light. The light guide is usually made from transparent materials, such as for example polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or epoxy resin. To minimize losses, the reflector surrounds the light guide in subregions. To be able to surround the light guide, the reflector is formed of plural elements that must be assembled around the light guide during the assembly process. 
   U.S. Pat. No. 6,259,082 B1 discloses an arrangement composed of a reflector and a light guide in which the reflector is constructed of plural elements that surround the light guide. A variety of equipment and tools is needed to fabricate the individual elements. These parts must then be fitted together during the assembly of such an arrangement. Each of the elements is therefore associated with logistical expenditure. More elements generally make for an increased number of work steps, which can additionally create sources of error in the production process. Large numbers of elements are also, on the whole, associated with higher costs. 
   The object of the invention is to disclose a reflector arrangement of the initially cited kind, which permits an improvement in a cost-effective manner. 
   The invention achieves this object by means of the features of claim  1 . Configurations of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims. 
   In the present invention, at least one reflector shaped body is fixedly connected to at least one other shaped body of the reflector via a bendable connector, a so-called film hinge. This reduces the expenditure associated with assembly. Assembly expenditure is limited to the following steps: placing the light guide in the reflector; folding the reflector together; securing the movable parts. 
   An advantageous embodiment of the invention results if the reflector is implemented in one piece with at least one film hinge, disposed between shaped bodies of the reflector and thereto-assigned fastening means. This advantageously reduces the number of individual parts needed overall. The logistical expenditure involved in shipping the parts and keeping them in stock and the assembly expenditure are reduced, since fewer individual parts are needed to make a reflector arrangement. 
   A further advantageous embodiment of the invention results if the reflector, together with the film hinge(s), is produced in one piece by injection molding or another molding process. Only one mold with one cavity is therefore needed. In addition, limitation to a single injection point on the mold is thereby feasible. This has economic advantages with regard to production. 
   In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a film hinge is implemented as at least segmentally continuous along the extension of the axis of the hinge. The axis of the hinge is the axis about which shaped bodies of a reflector rotate or fold. It usually lies on a common edge of different shaped bodies. 
   A further advantageous embodiment of the invention results if a film hinge is implemented not as continuous, but as locally interrupted. 
   In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the reflector arrangement contains an angled light guide. 
   In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the assembled reflector surrounds the light guide. 
   A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that shaped bodies of the reflector that are connected by a film hinge can be secured to one another by means of fasteners. 
   A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that shaped bodies of the reflector that are connected by a film hinge can be secured to the light guide by means of fasteners. 
   A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that shaped bodies of the reflector that are connected by a film hinge can be secured both to one another and to the light guide by means of fasteners. 
   In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a snap mechanism is provided as fastening means for the reflector arrangement. Assembly thus is reduced to inserting the light guide, folding the molded parts together and engaging the snap. The error rate in assembly is also reduced in this way. 
   In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a latch is provided as fastening means for the reflector arrangement. Assembly thus is reduced to inserting the light guide, folding the molded parts together and engaging the latch. The error rate in assembly is also reduced in this way. Latching, in contrast to snapping, permits fastening in a plurality of discrete positions. 
   In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, contact surfaces for gluing are provided as fastening means for the reflector arrangement. Assembly thus is reduced to inserting the light guide, folding the molded parts together and gluing the contact surfaces. The error rate in assembly is also reduced in this way. 
   In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, contact surfaces for welding are provided as fastening means for the reflector arrangement. Assembly thus is reduced to inserting the light guide, folding the molded parts together and welding the contact surfaces. The error rate in assembly is also reduced in this way. 
   In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, contact surfaces for swaging are provided as fastening means for the reflector arrangement. Assembly thus is reduced to inserting the light guide, folding the molded parts together and swaging the contact surfaces. The error rate in assembly is also reduced in this way. 
   A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the reflector performs a holding function for the light guide. A holding function of the reflector with respect to the light guide can be achieved merely by fitting the reflector exactly to the light guide and having it partially surround the latter. Direct holding modalities are also possible, however. Guide rails, latch lugs or snap lugs may be cited as examples. 
   In embodiments where a fastener is disposed between the reflector and the light guide, or the reflector at least partially surrounds the light guide in subregions, the reflector can also additionally perform a securing function for the light guide. 
   A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the reflector comprises one or more light exit windows. 
   A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the reflector comprises one or more light entrance windows. 
   The invention will be described below with reference to exemplary embodiments which are illustrated in the figures of the drawing. Elements of the same kind have been provided with the same respective reference numerals. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  is a perspective representation of a reflector arrangement according to the invention in the closed and open states, 
       FIG. 2  is a schematic cross section through the embodiment according to  FIG. 1 , 
       FIG. 3  is a schematic cross section of a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, 
       FIG. 4  is the perspective representation of a specific embodiment comprising a fastening means, 
       FIG. 5  is the perspective representation of a specific embodiment comprising contact surfaces, 
       FIG. 6  is a cross-sectional representation of a further embodiment of the reflector arrangement, comprising rod-shaped light guides, 
       FIG. 7  depicts various embodiments of film hinges according to the invention and 
       FIG. 8  is a schematic cross section through an embodiment comprising fastening means between the light guide and the reflector. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     FIG. 1 , in conjunction with  FIG. 2 , depicts a first exemplary embodiment of the invention.  FIG. 1   a  shows a reflector arrangement in a first embodiment and mode of perspective representation. The arrangement includes the reflector  2  and the light guide  3 , which in this embodiment is implemented as an angled light guide. Angled light guides are particularly suitable as deflecting light guides. Deflecting light guides are light guides in which the main direction of incoming radiation and the main direction of outgoing radiation are different.  FIG. 1   a  shows the arrangement in the usable, assembled state. Hence, in this perspective only the portion of the light guide  3  from which the light is extracted can be seen through the light exit window  5 . 
   The fastener assigned to the film hinge  1  is implemented in this embodiment as a snap lug  6   b  comprising a snap bracket  6   a.    
     FIG. 1   b  shows this same embodiment of the reflector arrangement in the pre-assembled state. The light guide  3  is inserted in the opened reflector  2 . A side wall of the reflector  2  is provided with a film hinge  1  with the aid of which the reflector  2  can be opened or closed. 
   The implementation of the light guide  3  as an angled light guide can be clearly recognized in this representation. This embodiment permits simple assembly by inserting the light guide  3  into the reflector  2  from above and folding the reflector  2  shut with the aid of the film hinge  1 , the foldable side wall being snapped into place by means of fastening elements  6 a and  6 b. Other fastening elements are feasible besides this specific embodiment of the fastening elements comprising a snap lug  6   b  and a snap bracket  6   a.    
     FIG. 2  is a cross section through the embodiment of  FIG. 1 , clarifying the operation of this embodiment. Light is coupled through a light entrance window  4  into the light guide  3 , and guided through light guide  3  to exit window  5 . The reflector  2  serves to reflect stray light back into the light guide  3  and thereby reduce losses. The light is able to exit the arrangement through light exit window  5 . Arrows in the cross-sectional representation serve to illustrate exemplary beam paths. The reflector  2  embraces the light guide  3 , but leaves the regions of light exit window  5  and light entrance window  4  bare. A function of securing the light guide  3  can also be performed by the reflector  2 . In this specific embodiment, a securing effect can be realized merely by having reflector  2  tightly surround light guide  3 . 
     FIG. 3  shows another embodiment of the reflector arrangement, comprising two light entrance windows  34   a ,  34   b  and two film hinges  31   a ,  31   b.    
   With an embodiment of this kind, the light can be coupled into the reflector arrangement from plural light sources, thereby increasing the usable light intensity at the exit window  35 . The light guide is configured as U-shaped and is secured by the reflector. Arrows in the cross-sectional representation serve to illustrate exemplary beam paths. 
     FIG. 4  is a perspective representation of some details of the embodiment according to  FIG. 1 . Illustrated is the snap connection, in which snap bracket  46   a  is snapped into place over snap lug  46   b . The light guide is arranged behind light entrance window  44 . The fasteners can be implemented as a snap connection, a latch, or glued or hot-swaged elements. Hot swaging is an irreversible fastening method that involves local incipient melting of the elements to be fastened. 
     FIG. 5  is a perspective representation of another fastening arrangement for the reflector elements in an embodiment of the light guide according to  FIG. 1 : fastening by means of contact surfaces is illustrated. Such contact surfaces  57   a  and  57   b  can be secured to each other by various methods. Possible methods are adhesive bonding using a glue, welding and hot swaging the two contact surfaces in the contact region. The light guide is arranged behind light entrance window  54 . 
     FIG. 6  shows another exemplary embodiment of the reflector arrangement, in which the light guide  63  is implemented as a rod-shaped light guide. The representation of  FIG. 5  shows the arrangement in the open, pre-assembled state. 
   This embodiment furnishes a simple way of completely surrounding a light guide except for a light entrance window  64  and a light exit window. The light guide  63  is pushed into the reflector  62  from the side opened by means of film hinges  61   a ,  61   b . The side walls are snapped toward each other and secured by means of lateral fasteners (not shown). 
     FIG. 7 , in  FIGS. 7   a  to  7   f , depicts various inventive embodiments of film hinges. The illustrations are schematic. They consist of cross-sectional representations, in  FIGS. 7   a  to  7   c , and side views, in  FIGS. 7   d  to  7   f , of various embodiments. Film hinges according to the invention can also comprise combinations of the features depicted in  FIGS. 7   a  to  7   f.    
     FIGS. 7   a  and  7   b  represent film hinges  71 ,  81  that are implemented in one piece with the shaped bodies  78   a ,  78   b ,  88   a ,  88   b .  FIG. 7   a  shows an embodiment in which the film hinge  71  is formed by an asymmetrical taper of each shaped body  78   a ,  78   b  at its contact location.  FIG. 7   b  shows an embodiment in which the film hinge  81  is formed by a symmetrical taper.  FIG. 7   c  shows an embodiment according to the invention in which the film hinge  91  is an additional element that connects the two shaped bodies  98   a ,  98   b  and is for example glued to them.  FIG. 7   d  is a rear view of an embodiment in which a continuous film hinge  101  along the fold axis connects the two shaped bodies  108   a ,  108   b .  FIG. 7   e  shows a further embodiment that differs from the embodiment of  FIG. 7   d  in that here the film hinge  111  is only segmentally continuous. It comprises gaps  79   b  along the axis, and can therefore also be characterized as locally interrupted. Such gaps  79   b  can also be employed as windows.  FIG. 7   f  shows another exemplary embodiment, in which the two shaped bodies  128   a ,  128   b  are connected by two film hinges  121   a ,  121   b . In this exemplary embodiment as well, the two film hinges have a common axis. 
     FIG. 8  shows a further advantageous embodiment of a reflector arrangement according to the invention. The light guide  133  is here implemented as an angled light guide such that light which is coupled into the light guide  133  through light entrance window  134  is deflected by the light guide  133  in combination with the reflector  132  and leaves the reflector arrangement from the light exit window  135 . This specific embodiment of the invention includes a fastener that fastens the reflector  132  to the light guide  133 . To with, a shaped body of reflector  132  that comprises a snap bracket  136   a  is snapped onto a snap lug  136   b,  said snap lug  136   b  being part of the light guide  133 . Arrows in the cross-sectional representation serve to illustrate exemplary beam paths.