Abstract:
A control device including: an oil pump configured to be driven by an engine; an oil amount adjusting apparatus configured to adjust an oil level in an oil storage container of a vehicle automatic transmission; the oil amount adjusting apparatus including: a discharge tube provided upright on a bottom wall of the oil storage container in a liquid-tight manner; the discharge tube being configured to discharge oil that exceeds a discharge height that is defined by a height of the discharge tube; a controller configured to control the engine so as to obtain an oil surface height that is appropriate for adjustment of the oil level by the oil amount adjusting apparatus, the controller being configured to control a revolution number of the engine so as to maintain the oil surface height of the oil in a predetermined appropriate range regardless of a temperature of the oil.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0002]    The present invention relates to an oil amount adjusting mechanism for an automatic transmission that adjusts an oil level in an oil storage container and particularly to a technique that maintains an oil surface height in an appropriate range for a relatively long time and extends an operation time in which the oil amount adjusting mechanism adjusts the oil level. 
         [0003]    2. Description of Related Art 
         [0004]    A hydraulic device for a vehicle that requires oil when an automatic transmission operates is housed in a case of the automatic transmission in a liquid-tight manner. An example of a structure that adjusts an oil level of the oil stored in an oil storage container that is provided in a lower section of the case may be an overflow type oil amount adjusting mechanism disclosed by Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2010-007792 (JP 2010-007792 A) and so forth. The oil amount adjusting mechanism sets the oil level by vertically disposing a discharge tube in a drain hole in a bottom wall of the oil storage container and discharging the oil that exceeds a discharge height that is determined by the length of the discharge tube from the drain hole through the discharge tube. 
         [0005]    The oil amount adjusting mechanism for the automatic transmission sets the oil level such that an appropriate oil amount is obtained in a condition that the discharge height of the discharge tube is predetermined and the oil is at a prescribed temperature. For example, during adjustment of the oil level, the oil level varies when the oil temperature differs from the prescribed temperature even if the oil amount is the same. Therefore, as disclosed in JP 2010-007792 A, Japanese Patent Application Publication 2006-177450 (JP 2006-177450 A), and Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-325235 (JP 11-325235 A), the oil amount adjusting mechanism adjusts the oil level after the oil is warmed to the prescribed temperature by driving an engine. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0006]    However, such a method as above has a problem that the oil temperature relatively quickly exceeds the prescribed temperature, a time allowed for an oil level adjusting operation by the oil amount adjusting mechanism becomes relatively short, and work efficiency is thus lowered. 
         [0007]    The present invention provides a control device that extends an oil level adjusting operation time by an oil amount adjusting mechanism for a vehicle automatic transmission and improves work efficiency. 
         [0008]    The inventors conducted various analyses and examinations on the basis of the above circumstance and found a fact described below. First, the oil temperature is increased while a constant engine revolution number is maintained in a vehicle that includes an oil pump driven by the engine. In this case, a returning oil amount from each section of the automatic transmission increases due to an increase in the oil volume and a decrease in the oil viscosity, resulting in a rise in the oil surface height. On the other hand, the engine revolution number is increased while a constant oil temperature is maintained. In this case, the oil surface height is determined according to the balance between a pumped-up oil amount by the oil pump and the returning oil amount from each section of the automatic transmission. Because the pumped-up oil amount is more sensitive to the engine revolution number in general, the oil surface height lowers. According to these phenomena, the engine revolution number is controlled to increase according to the oil temperature, the oil surface height can thereby be maintained regardless of the oil temperature, and the operation time can thus be extended. 
         [0009]    An aspect of the present invention provides a control device including an oil pump configured to be driven by an engine; an oil amount adjusting apparatus configured to adjust an oil level in an oil storage container of a vehicle automatic transmission, the oil amount adjusting apparatus including: a discharge tube provided upright on a bottom wall of the oil storage container in a liquid-tight manner, the discharge tube connecting to a drain hole that is formed in the bottom wall of the oil storage container, the discharge tube configured to discharge oil in the oil storage container through the drain hole and the discharge tube, the discharge tube being configured to discharge oil that exceeds a discharge height that is defined by a height of the discharge tube; a controller configured to control the engine so as to obtain an oil surface height that is appropriate for adjustment of the oil level by the oil amount adjusting apparatus, the control apparatus configured to control a revolution number of the engine so as to maintain the oil surface height of the oil in a predetermined appropriate range regardless of a temperature of the oil. 
         [0010]    According to the control device that is configured as described above, the revolution number of the engine is controlled so as to maintain the oil surface height of the oil in a predetermined appropriate range regardless of the temperature of the oil. Therefore, an oil level adjusting operation time by the oil amount adjusting mechanism of the vehicle automatic transmission can be extended, thus improving the work efficiency. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
         [0011]    Features, advantages, and technical and industrial significance of exemplary embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like numerals denote like elements, and wherein: 
           [0012]      FIG. 1  conceptually illustrates configurations of a drive system and a control system . in accordance with a vehicle drive device to which the present invention is applied; 
           [0013]      FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view for illustrating a configuration of an oil amount adjusting mechanism provided in an oil pan in the vehicle drive device in  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0014]      FIG. 3  is a function block diagram that illustrates essential parts of a control function included in an electronic control device in the vehicle drive device in  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0015]      FIG. 4  is a map that illustrates the relationship between an oil temperature and a target engine revolution number and is used when the engine revolution number is controlled according to the oil temperature to maintain an oil surface height regardless of the oil temperature in an oil surface height maintenance control section in the electronic control device in  FIG. 3 ; 
           [0016]      FIG. 5  is a flowchart that illustrates an example of a control operation that allows an operator to execute an oil level adjusting operation by using the oil amount adjusting mechanism in  FIG. 2  in the electronic control device in  FIG. 3 ; and 
           [0017]      FIG. 6  is a time chart in a case where the control operation illustrated in  FIG. 5  is executed. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
       [0018]    An embodiment of the present invention will hereinafter be described in detail with reference to drawings. 
         [0019]      FIG. 1  schematically illustrates configurations of a drive system and a control system of a vehicle drive device  10  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 1 , the vehicle drive device  10  includes an engine  12  that functions as a drive source, driving force generated by the engine  12  is transmitted to an unillustrated pair of driving wheels via a torque converter  14  and an automatic transmission (vehicle automatic transmission)  16 . 
         [0020]    The engine  12  is an internal combustion engine such as a gasoline engine of an in-cylinder injection type in which fuel is directly injected in a combustion chamber, for example. An output control device  18  is provided that includes a throttle actuator that controls opening and closing of an electronic throttle valve, a fuel injection device that controls fuel injection, an ignition device that controls ignition timing, and the like for controlling the drive (output torque) of the engine  12 . The output control device  18  controls opening and closing of the electronic throttle valve by the throttle actuator for throttle control according to a command supplied from an electronic control device (control device)  40  that will be described below. Further, the electronic control device  40  controls the fuel injection by the fuel injection device for fuel injection control and the ignition timing by the ignition device for ignition timing control and thereby executes output control of the engine  12 . 
         [0021]    A plurality of members that require oil such as gears for shifting and a hydraulic clutch are contained in a case  20  of the automatic transmission  16 , and oil supplied thereto is stored in an oil pan (oil storage container)  22  that is connected to a lower portion of the case  20 . An oil pump  24  is coupled to a pump wheel  14   p  of the torque converter  14 . When the oil pump  24  is driven by rotation of a crankshaft  12   a  of the engine  12 , the oil stored in the oil pan  22  is pumped up. The pumped-up oil is supplied to each of the members in the automatic transmission  16  that requires the oil. 
         [0022]    The oil stored in an oil pan  22  is in advance adjusted to an appropriate oil amount and sealed therein. For example, if the oil amount is excessive, the areas of rotational members such as the gears that are immersed in the oil becomes large, the rotational resistance (stirring resistance) of the rotational members thus becomes high, and fuel efficiency is lowered. On the other hand, when the oil amount is insufficient, sufficient oil cannot be supplied to the gears and the hydraulic clutch, resulting in seizure of the gears and influencing the shifting. Therefore, an appropriate oil amount that restricts lowering of the fuel efficiency in a range where the seizure and the influence on the shifting are prevented is experimentally obtained in advance, and the obtained oil amount is sealed in the oil pan  22 . 
         [0023]    When the oil amount that is stored in the oil pan  22  is adjusted, an oil amount adjusting mechanism  26  provided in the oil pan  22  is used.  FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view of the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26 . 
         [0024]    As shown in  FIG. 2 , the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26  includes a columnar drain hole  22   b  that is formed, in a bottom wall  22   a  of the oil pan  22 , a tubular discharge tube  28  that is vertically disposed in the drain hole  22   b  in a liquid-tight manner, a tubular seat plug  30  that is fixed to an outer periphery of the drain hole  22   b  on an inner wall surface  22   c  of the bottom wall  22   a  of the oil pan  22  by welding or the like in a liquid-tight manner so as to fix the discharge tube  28  to the bottom wall  22   a  of the oil pan  22 , and a drain plug  32  that blocks the drain hole  22   b.  In the discharge tube  28  fixed to the seat plug  30 , a discharge height H of the discharge tube  28 , that is, a height H from an upper end of the discharge tube  28  to the bottom wall  22   a  of the oil pan  22  in an axis C direction of the discharge tube  28  is set the same as an oil surface height (oil level) H oil  for the optimal oil amount at a predetermined oil temperature, for example, 40° C. in this embodiment. 
         [0025]    The vehicle drive device  10  includes a control system exemplified in  FIG. 1 . The electronic control device  40  shown in  FIG. 1  is configured to include a “microcomputer” that includes a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, an input-output interface, and the like. The CPU utilizes a temporary storage function of the RAM to perform signal processing according to a program that is in advance stored in the ROM and thereby executes various kinds of control such as drive control of the engine  12 . 
         [0026]    As shown in  FIG. 1 , the electronic control device  40  is supplied with various kinds of input signals detected by each sensor provided in the vehicle drive device  10 . For example, a signal that indicates an engine revolution number NE (rpm) detected by an engine revolution speed sensor  42 , a signal that indicates an oil temperature T oil  (° C.) in the oil pan  22  that is detected by an oil temperature sensor  44 , a signal that indicates an operational position or the like of an ignition switch  46 , a signal that indicates a vehicle speed V (km/h) detected by a vehicle speed sensor  48 , a signal that indicates a shift position PSH of the shift lever that is detected by a shift position sensor  50 , and the like are input to the electronic control device  40 . 
         [0027]    The electronic control device  40  supplies various kinds of output signals to each device provided in the vehicle drive device  10 . For example, a signal that is supplied to an output control device  18  of the engine  12  for drive control of the engine  12 , a signal that is supplied to a diagnostic tool  54  as an information display device with a liquid crystal panel, for example, that is connected to the electronic control device  40  via an I/F (interface)  52 , a signal that is supplied to a position lamp  56  for a D range that is provided in an instrumental panel, and the like are supplied from the electronic control device  40  to each section. 
         [0028]      FIG. 3  is a function block diagram that illustrates essential parts of a control function included in the electronic control device  40 . An oil amount adjusting mode determination section  58  shown in  FIG. 3  makes a determination whether or not an oil amount adjusting mode for adjusting the oil amount stored in the oil pan  22  by the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26  is in progress. The oil amount adjusting mode determination section  58  determines that the oil amount adjusting mode is in progress if the following two operations are sequentially made when the vehicle is standing still, the ignition switch  46  is turned ON, and the engine  12  is operating. In a first operation, the diagnostic tool  54  is connected to the electronic control device  40  via the I/F  52 , and, an operation in which the shift lever is moved from an N position to the D position and returned from the D position to the N position is performed within 1.5 seconds, and this N to D and D to N operations are carried out for 6 seconds continuously. In a second operation, the shift lever is moved to a non-travel position such as the N position or a P position. Meanwhile, the oil amount adjusting mode determination section  58  determines that the oil amount adjusting mode is canceled and the oil amount adjusting mode is not in progress if the above condition is not satisfied in the oil amount adjusting mode, for example, in a case where the ignition switch  46  is turned OFF or the vehicle starts traveling. After the oil amount adjusting mode determination section  58  determines whether or not the oil amount adjusting mode is in progress, the determination is displayed on the diagnostic tool  54 . 
         [0029]    An oil temperature determination section  60  consistently detects the oil temperature T oil  (° C.) by the signal from the oil temperature sensor  44 . The oil temperature determination section  60  determines whether or not the detected oil temperature T oil  exceeds a prescribed temperature T 1  (° C.) that is predetermined (T oil &gt;T 1 ), for example, 40° C. in this embodiment. The oil temperature of 40° C. is set so that the discharge height H of the discharge tube  28  in the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26  becomes the same as the oil surface height H oil  for the optimum oil amount. 
         [0030]    When the oil temperature T oil  becomes the temperature T 1  that is appropriate for the oil level adjusting operation by the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26 , an oil surface height maintenance control section  62  controls the engine revolution number NE according to the oil temperature T oil  so as to extend a period in which the oil surface height H oil  at the oil temperature T 1  is maintained in an appropriate range. In other words, the oil surface height maintenance control section  62  performs next control if the oil amount adjusting mode determination section  58  determines that the oil amount adjusting mode is in progress and the oil temperature determination section  60  determines that the oil temperature exceeds the appropriate temperature for the oil level adjusting operation by the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26 , that is, the prescribed temperature T 1  (40° C.). The oil surface height maintenance control section  62  uses a map shown in  FIG. 4  to set a target engine revolution number NE T  (rpm) from the oil temperature T oil  detected by the oil temperature sensor  44  and controls the output control device  18  such that the engine revolution number NE becomes the target engine revolution number NE T . The oil surface height maintenance control section  62  finishes the control, for example, if the engine revolution number NE becomes a prescribed engine revolution number NE 1  (for example, 1500 rpm) or higher when the oil surface height maintenance control section  62  uses the map in  FIG. 4  to control the engine revolution number NE according to the oil temperature T oil  so as to maintain the oil surface height H oil  in the appropriate range. The oil surface height maintenance control section  62  thereafter controls the engine  12  to drive at a normal engine revolution number, that is, an idling engine revolution number. 
         [0031]    The map of  FIG. 4  used by the oil surface height maintenance control section  62  is experimentally set in advance such that the oil surface height H oil  is maintained regardless of the oil temperature T oil  in consideration of the oil surface height H oil  that rises in response to the oil temperature T oil  that increases at a constant engine revolution number NE of the engine  12  and the oil surface height H oil  that lowers in response to the engine revolution number NE that increases at a constant oil temperature T oil . When the oil temperature T oil  is increased at the constant engine revolution number NE of the engine  12 , the oil surface height H oil  rises in response to an increase in a returning oil amount from each section in the automatic transmission  16  due to an increase in the oil volume and a decrease in the oil viscosity. Meanwhile, when the engine revolution number NE is increased at the constant oil temperature T oil , the oil surface height H oil  lowers because a pumped-up oil amount by the oil pump  24  exceeds the returning oil amount from each section of the automatic transmission  16 . 
         [0032]    A lamp indication control section  64  controls turning-on or flashing of the position lamp  56  of the D range to notify an operator whether or not the oil level adjusting operation can be executed by the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26 . In other words, the lamp indication control section  64  turns on the position lamp  56  of the D range if the oil amount, adjusting mode determination section  58  determines that the oil amount adjusting mode is in progress and the oil temperature determination section  60  determines that the appropriate temperature T 1  for the oil level adjusting operation by the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26  is obtained. The lamp indication control section  64  keeps the position lamp  56  of the D range turned on while the oil surface height maintenance control section  62  controls the engine revolution number NE according to the oil temperature T oil  so as to maintain the oil surface height H oil  in the appropriate range. When the engine revolution number NE exceeds the prescribed engine revolution number NE 1  in the oil surface height maintenance control section  62 , the position lamp  56  of the D range is turned on. That is, the lamp indication control section  64  notifies the operator by turning on the position lamp  56  of the D range that the oil level adjusting operation by the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26  can be executed and notifies the operator by flashing the position lamp  56  of the D range that the oil level adjusting operation cannot be executed. The lamp indication control section  64  turns off the position lamp  56  of the D range if the oil amount adjusting mode determination section  58  determines that the oil amount adjusting mode is not in progress. 
         [0033]      FIG. 5  is a flowchart that illustrates an example of a control operation that allows the operator to execute the oil level adjusting operation by using the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26  in the electronic control device  40 .  FIG. 6  is a time chart in a case where the control operation illustrated in  FIG. 5  is executed. 
         [0034]    A determination is first made in step (“step” will be omitted hereinafter) S 1  that corresponds to the oil amount adjusting mode determination section  58  whether or not the oil amount adjusting mode is performed. If the determination in S 1  is negative, this routine is finished. However, if the determination is affirmative (at a point t 1  in  FIG. 6 ), S 2  that corresponds to the oil temperature determination section  60  is executed. A determination is made in above S 2  whether or not the oil temperature T oil  exceeds the temperature T 1  that is appropriate for the oil level adjusting operation by the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26 . If the determination in S 2  is negative, above S 2  is repeatedly executed. However, if the determination is affirmative (at a point t 2  in  FIG. 6 ), S 3  that corresponds to the lamp indication control section  64  is executed. In above S 3 , the position lamp S 6  of the D range is turned on. 
         [0035]    Next, in S 4  that corresponds to the oil surface height maintenance control section  62 , the engine revolution number NE is controlled by using the map of  FIG. 4  and according to the oil temperature T oil  so as to maintain the oil surface height H oil  at the temperature T 1  that is appropriate for the oil level adjusting operation in the appropriate range. A determination is next made in S 5  that corresponds to the oil surface height maintenance control section  62  whether or not the engine revolution number NE exceeds the prescribed engine revolution number NE 1 . If the determination in S 5  is negative, above S 3  and S 4  are repeatedly executed. However, if the determination is affirmative (at a point t 3  in  FIG. 6 ), S 6  that corresponds to the oil surface height maintenance control section  62  and the lamp indication control section  64  is executed. In above S 6 , the control executed in S 4  is finished, and the position lamp  56  of the D range flashes. 
         [0036]    Next, in S 7  that corresponds to the oil surface height maintenance control section  62 , the engine  12  is controlled to drive at the normal engine revolution number, that is, the idling engine revolution number. A determination is next made in S 8  that corresponds to the oil amount adjusting mode determination section  58  whether or not the oil amount adjusting mode is finished, that is, the oil amount adjusting mode is not in progress. If the determination in S 8  is negative, above S 6  and S 7  are repeatedly executed. However, if the determination is affirmative, S 9  that corresponds to the lamp indication control section  64  is executed, and the position lamp  56  of the D range is turned off. 
         [0037]    While the position lamp  56  of the D range is turned on between t 2  and t 3  in  FIG. 6 , the operator uses the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26  to perform the oil level adjusting operation. In other words, in this embodiment, the time between t 2  and t 3  in  FIG. 6  serves as an oil level adjusting operation time tb by the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26 . In the oil level adjusting operation by the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26 , the operator first detaches the drain plug  32  of the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26  and introduces the oil through an unillustrated oil introduction hole that is formed in the case  20  of the automatic transmission  16 . The oil surface height H oil  of the oil pan  22  gradually rises when the oil is introduced. When the oil surface height H oil  exceeds the discharge height H of the discharge tube  28 , the oil passes through the discharge tube  28  and is discharged from the drain hole  22   b.  The operator confirms that the oil is discharged from the drain hole  22   b,  stops introducing the oil, and blocks the drain plug  32 . Accordingly, the oil amount stored in the oil pan  22  is adjusted to the optimal oil amount. 
         [0038]      FIG. 4  and  FIG. 6  show broken lines that represent a comparative example where control for keeping a constant engine revolution number is performed after the oil temperature T 1  that is appropriate for the oil level adjusting operation is obtained. Solid lines in  FIG. 4  and  FIG. 6  represent this embodiment. As shown in  FIG. 6 , in this embodiment represented by the solid lines, after the oil temperature T 1  that is appropriate for the oil level adjusting operation is obtained, the engine revolution number NE is controlled according to the oil temperature T oil  so as to extend the period in which the oil surface height H oil  at the temperature T 1  is maintained in the appropriate range. Therefore, the oil level adjusting operation time tb (sec) by the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26  in this embodiment becomes longer than an oil level adjusting operation time ta (sec) by the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26  in the comparative example. 
         [0039]    As described above, according to the electronic control device  40  of this embodiment, the oil surface height maintenance control section  62  controls the engine revolution number NE so as to maintain the oil surface height H oil  in the predetermined appropriate range regardless of the oil temperature T oil . Accordingly, the oil level adjusting operation time tb by the oil amount adjusting mechanism  26  of the automatic transmission  16  can be made longer, thus improving the work efficiency. 
         [0040]    One embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail so far with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is applied to other embodiments. 
         [0041]    For example, when the map of  FIG. 4  is used to control the engine revolution number NE according to the oil temperature T oil , the oil surface height maintenance control section  62  in the above-described embodiment finishes the control when the engine revolution number NE becomes the prescribed engine revolution number NE 1  or higher. However, the control may be finished when the oil temperature T oil  becomes a prescribed oil temperature or higher, for example. 
         [0042]    It should be noted that the above-described embodiment is merely one embodiment but the present invention can be practiced in modes with various modifications or improvements on the basis of knowledge of persons having ordinary skill in the art.