Abstract:
Disclosed is a circuit being capable of controlling RF-power levels without application of an additional controller to a booster module when trying to utilizing an hand-held radio telephone as a mobile radiophone for use in a vehicle. The circuit selects a correct level of RF-power output suitably corresponding to a desired mode of the mobile radiophone, in accordance with generating a plurality of bits of logic control signal. The circuit comprises a first voltage source of logic high level, second voltage source of logic low level, a switching circuit for selectively outputting the first or second voltage source through each bit of output port switched according to the first or second logic control signal, and apparatus for producing the radio-frequency power control voltage to control said radio-frequency power, by combination of resistors each having a given value according to the first and second voltage sources.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application makes reference to, and claims the benefits available under Title 35 U.S.C. §120 of a co-pending application entitled RADIO-FREQUENCY POWDER CONTROL CIRCUIT OF MOBILE RADIOPHONE filed in the U.S. Patent &amp; Trademark Office on the 5th of September in the year 1989 and assigned Ser. No. 07/402,643. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a radio-frequency (RF) power level control circuit for use in a mobile radio telephone, and more particularly to a circuit capable of being applied to a vehicle radio telephone by controlling a booster module thereof, with utilizing an RF power control system of hand-held mobile radio telephone. 
     Generally, the mobile radio telephone includes a vehicle radiophone (hereinafter referred to as car phone) and a portable hand-held phone (hereinafter referred to as HHP). The mobile radio communication system for operating the car phone and HHP employs a so-called cellular radio communication method. The cellular radio communication method divides its entire service area into a plurality of sub-areas called cells and employs a different frequency for each of the cells, wherein so far as there is no frequency interference between the cells, the frequency band used in other cells may be employed again to increase the communication efficiency and capability and to improve the communication quality. The known cellular communication method may be represented by the AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone Service ) system developed by the Bell Laboratory or ARTS (American Radio Telephone Service) system developed by AT &amp; T. A mobile radio communication system includes a mobile telephone switching office, cell sites, and mobile radiophones. The mobile telephone switching office communicates with the cell sites on wire, while the cell site communication with the mobile radiophone is wireless. The mobile telephone switching office interconnects the wire telephone line network with the mobile radio communication system, and controls the channels allotted for the cell sites. The cell site controls various signals dealing with the wire telephone network in cooperation with the mobile telephone switching office, monitors the signal intensity of mobile radiophones within its own cell area to provide the information of the signal intensity to the mobile telephone switching office, and transfers to mobile radiophones the information received from the mobile telephone switching office. Thus, telephone subscribers connected to the mobile telephone switching office can communicate with a selected mobile radiophone. Upon using this system, if RF-signal power of a certain mobile radiophone near the cell site is controlled to increase, the communication sensitivity to the other mobile radiophone distant from the cell site will decrease. Hence, the cell site monitors the signal sensitivity of the mobile radiophone within its cell in order to adjust the signal sensitivity. To achieve the improvement of communication sensitivity, the mobile radio telephone system prescribes the effective radiation power (ERP) according to the classification of the mobile radiophones, as shown in the following table 1. 
     
                       TABLE 1______________________________________EIA Specification (Power Output and Power Control)Power Level MAC          ERP(dBw) according to Power Class(PL)           I         II        III______________________________________PL0 000        6         2         -2PL1 001        2         2         -2PL2 010        -2        -2        -2PL3 011        -6        -6        -6PL4 100        -10       -10       -10PL5 101        -14       -14       -14PL6 110        -18       -18       -18PL7 111        -22       -22       -22______________________________________ 
    
     Therefore, by monitoring the signal sensitivity of the mobile radiophone, the a cell site outputs the mobile attenuation code (MAC) signal of three bits in order to control the signal intensity. Receiving the MAC signal, the mobile radiophone radiates the RF signal for the Power Level of a given class. The Power Class is determined according to the classes of the mobile radiophone as shown in Table 1, for example, the car phone is classified into class I, and a HHP is classified into class III. Thus, the total number of power levels for the car phone is 8, and each level is reduced by 4-dB starting from the highest level (PL0). On the other hand, the total number of power levels for HHP is 6 (since, PL0-PL2 are common), and each level is reduced by 4-dB starting from the highest level (PL0-PL2). 
     However, since the largest output level of such a HHP is about 0.6-watt and it further decreases upon use in a vehicle, the probability of communication success therein becomes low. Thus, when trying to employ the HHP in a vehicle, an output level thereof has to be amplified over 3-watts, that is, the maximum output level of the car phone. To overcome such a drawback, there is employed a booster capable of amplifying an output of the HHP up to close to that an of the car phone and making the communication by taking an antenna designed for use in the car phone, with gain of which is at least three times as high as that of an HHP-antenna. In such a construction, the HHP is disposed on a driver&#39;s seat, and the booster module is disposed in the trunk of a car. In addition, the HHP and the booster module are coupled to each other through a high-frequency cable of preferably 50-ohms, in which the booster module takes its power source from a battery of a car. As shown in the above table 1, while the number of RF-power levels in the HHP is six since three power levels PL0, PL1 and PL2 are the same, the number of RF-power levels of the car phone is eight. Hence, when the HHP of known arts is to be used as the mobile radio telephone for vehicles, an additional control circuit should be adapted, so that the RF control output according to class III of the HHP could be applied to that of class I of the car phone, within the booster module 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to provide a circuit capable of controlling RF-power levels without application of an additional controller onto a booster module when trying to utilize a hand-held radio telephone as a mobile radiophone for use in a vehicle. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide a circuit capable of selecting a correct level of RF-power output suitably corresponding to a desired mode of the mobile radiophone, due to the generation of a logic control signal having a plurality of bits. 
     Still another object of the invention is to provide an RF-power level control circuit to enable easy and efficient control of the output level in the mobile radiophone as well as a booster module thereof. 
     To achieve the above objects and other advantages of the invention, the RF-power level control circuit includes: a comparing amplifier for comparing a radio-frequency power control voltage Vo with a feedback voltage Vf and thereby amplifying the compared voltage; a first power amplifier for amplifying a radio-frequency input signal received from a modulator to a radio-frequency power-level just suitable to the mode for a hand-held mobile radiophone, according to output of the comparing amplifier; a second power amplifier of booster module, coupled to the output of the first power amplifier, for amplifying the output into another radio-frequency power-level suitable to the mode for the vehicle mobile radiophone; first voltage source of logic high level; second voltage source of logic low level; a switching circuit for selectively outputting the first or second voltage source through each bit of output port switched according to the first or second logic control signal; and a device for producing the radio-frequency power control voltage to control the radio-frequency power, by combination of resistors each having a given value according to the first and second voltage sources, each of the output ports of the switching circuit being connected with one of the resistors in series, the resistors connected with another resistor at a common point. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ATTACHED DRAWINGS 
     For a better understanding of the invention and to show how the same may be carried into effect, reference will now be made, by way of example, to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings, in which: 
     FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention; and 
     FIG. 2 shows an equivalent circuit of FIG. 1 according to a specific logic control signal. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     Referring to FIG. 1, showing a preferred embodiment in which there is taken a 5-bit logic control signal, the inventive circuit includes a switching circuit 1 for selectively outputting a first or second source voltage through each output port (A to E) thereof corresponding to each bit of the logic control signal supplied from a logic controller (not shown). A source voltage supplying terminal Vcc is connected with variable resistor VR1 and resistor R7. The other end of the resistor R7 is grounded. In response to the logic control signal of five bits generated by the logic controller for controlling the entire operation of the mobile radiophone, the switching circuit 1 selectively outputs through each output terminals A,B,C,D and E, a first voltage Vd is provided between the variable resistor VR1 and resistor R7 and a second voltage Vs is of ground potential. Connected to the output terminals A through E of the switching circuit 1 are resistors R1 to R5 respectively whose other ends are connected together and attached to another resistor R6. The combination of resistors R1 to R6 produces an RF power control voltage Vo in response to the first and the second voltages Vd and Vs. Comparing amplifier 2 compares the RF power control voltage Vo with a feedback voltage Vf as well as amplifying the compared voltage. A first power amplifier a 3 amplifies RF input signal received from a modulator (not shown) into an RF power-level suitable to the HHP, according to the output of the comparing amplifier 2. Second power amplifier 4 of booster module is coupled to the output of the first power amplifier 3, which is amplified into another RF power-level suitable to the car phone through the second power amplifier. 
     According to the invention, it should be noted that the number of input/output ports of the switching circuit 1 and resistors coupled thereto may be expanded as the bit number of the logic control signal increases. 
     According to the circuit described above, in the HHP mode is generated a first logic control signal so as to produce six voltage levels of RF-power suitable for the class III of table 1, wherein its RF output is amplified to a given level of the HHP mode in the first power amplifier 3 to thereafter go into the air through a HHP-antenna, whereas in the booster mode is generated a second logic control signal so as to produce eight voltage levels of RF-power suitable for class I of table 1, wherein its RF output is amplified to a given level of the car phone mode according to the second power amplifier 4 of the booster module to thereafter go into the air through a car phone antenna. 
     FIG. 2 shows an equivalent circuit to the inventive circuit of FIG. 1, when the logic control signal is &#34;10011&#34; in binary code. 
     Now, the operation of the inventive circuit will be described in detail with reference to the aforementioned FIGS. 1 and 2. According to the EIA specification, when using the HHP only in its original HHP mode, the maximum output level of RF-power (PL0, PL1, PL2) in X-node of the HHP antenna port through the first power amplifier 3, would be 0.6-watt, and the remaining output levels (PL3 to PL7) each would decrease by 4-dB, preferably. However, when adapting the booster module to utilize the HHP as a car phone, eight power levels in total should be outputted and controlled therein, since there are the same six power levels as in the X-node and two additional power levels (PL0, PL1) each increased by 4-dB from the maximum X-node output, in the Y-node of the car-phone antenna port through the second power amplifier 4. Thus, to achieve these requirements, each logic level corresponding to each MAC signal is measured one by one, and, in advance, is stored into an internal memory in the logic controller controlling the entire operation of HHP. Thereafter, by receiving a 3-bit MAC signal transmitted from a cell site, it is read a logic level corresponding to said MAC signal. Then, a 5-bit first or second logic control signal according to the MAC signal should be produced in response to selection of the HHP mode or the booster mode. In the above description, the first logic control signal is a logic control signal for generating eight power levels prescribed according to the class I, and the second logic control signal is another logic control signal for generating six power levels prescribed according to the class III. Here, the reason why the 5-bit logic control signal is used, is that at least 31 levels of signals should be produced to select a correct power level exactly suitable for the HHP mode or the booster mode. 
     If the logic controller generates a 5-bit logic control signal, RF-power control levels of 31 states. Namely, the logic states will be provided reaching from &#34;00001&#34; to &#34;11111&#34; except &#34;00000&#34; are set. Here, &#34;0&#34; indicates the second voltage Vs of low logic level, and &#34;1&#34; indicates the first voltage Vd of high logic level. The first voltage Vd is obtained by dividing the supplying voltage Vcc generated from a 5 volts regulator (not shown) by variable resistor VR1 and resistor R7, and the second voltage Vs is of ground potential. 
     Hence, if the logic controller generates an arbitrary logic control signal of 5 bits, the switching circuit 1 is switched according to the logic control signal to selectively output the first voltage Vd or the second voltage Vs through the output terminals A, B, C, D and E. The outputs of the switching circuit are combined through resistors R1-R6 to make an RF-power control voltage Vo inputted into the comparing amplifier 2. For example, if the output of switching circuit 1 is A=1, B=0, C=0, D=1, and E=1, its equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 2, and Vo is given by the following equation. ##EQU1## 
     The supplying voltage Vcc is varied through the variable resistor VR1 to produce the first voltage Vd whereby all the 31 output levels may be precisely adjusted. Hence, once the value of the first voltage Vd is determined, it is set at a center value of variable resistor VR1. In this case, it is desirable for the setting of the voltage Vd to be adjusted very fine (Vd=±0.3V) during adjusting of the variable resistor VR1 from the beginning to the end. The reason to do so, is that because the output voltage VO in low power levels (i.e., PL6, PL7) is finely controlled by the characteristics of the first and second power amplifier 3 and 4 a wide range of values for the first voltage Vd is not necessary, and even if the variable resistor VR1 is displaced due to vibrations and impacts caused by movement of the mobile radiophone, the output voltage should not deviate from the prescribed RF-power level specification. Also, the RF power control levels of 31 states are determined by the values of resistors R1-R6. Properly selecting the values of the resistors, the levels may be sequentially arranged from the level 1 (00001) to the level 31 (11111). For example, if the first voltage Vd is 4.5 V and the second voltage Vs is OV, and there are set R1=10K, R2=20K, R3=39K, R4=80K, R5=160K and R6=56K, each in ohms, then the power levels of the 31 states are as shown in the following Table 2 
     
                       TABLE 2______________________________________Power Level     A      B      C    D    E    Output Voltage______________________________________1         0      0      0    0    1    0.1332         0      0      0    1    0    0.2653         0      0      0    1    1    0.3984         0      0      1    0    0    0.5445         0      0      1    0    1    0.6766         0      0      1    1    0    0.8097         0      0      1    1    1    0.9418         0      1      0    0    0    1.0609         0      1      0    0    1    1.19310        0      1      0    1    0    1.32511        0      1      0    1    1    1.45812        0      1      1    0    0    1.60413        0      1      1    0    1    1.73614        0      1      1    1    0    1.86915        0      1      1    1    1    2.00116        1      0      0    0    0    2.12017        1      0      0    0    1    2.25318        1      0      0    1    0    2.38519        1      0      0    1    1    2.51820        1      0      1    0    0    2.66421        1      0      1    0    1    2.79622        1      0      1    1    0    2.92923        1      0      1    1    1    3.06124        1      1      0    0    0    3.18025        1      1      0    0    1    3.31326        1      1      0    1    0    3.44527        1      1      0    1    1    3.57828        1      1      1    0    0    3.72429        1      1      1    0    1    3.85630        1      1      1    1    0    3.98931        1      1      1    1    1    4.121______________________________________ 
    
     The thirty-one output voltages (Vo) as shown above are set as reference voltages of the comparing amplifier 2, of which a feedback voltage Vf will become a DC-bias voltage in a first-stage amplifier coupling the first power amplifier with a high-frequency output to thereby convert into DC voltage. Thus, the comparing amplifier 2 compares the feedback voltage Vf with the output voltage Vo to perform a differential amplification, thereby controlling output level of the first power amplifier 3. Hence, the comparing amplifier 2 serves to decide a proper output level according to the RF-power level suitable for the HHP, upon its HHP-mode, outputted from the X-node through the first power amplifier, and also to decide a proper output level according to the RF-power level suitable for the car phone, upon the booster mode, to be outputted from the Y-node through the first power amplifier 3 and the second power amplifier 4 in the booster module. Therefore, when employing the radiophone as for the HHP-purpose only, the six levels corresponding to the Effective Radiated Power (ERP) value of class III prescribed according to the EIA specification of the table 1 are selected out of the 31 output voltages to use them as a reference voltage of the comparing amplifier 2, whereas when employing the radiophone as the car phone along with the booster module, eight levels corresponding to the ERP value of class I are selected having reference from the Y-node, to use as a reference voltage in the comparing amplifier 2. Here, the reference voltages in the HHP mode or booster mode are separate from each other. The logic levels corresponding to the values set as said reference voltages are arranged according to selection of the HHP mode or the booster mode to store them into memory within the logic controller. Thus, when user selects either the HHP mode or the booster mode by manipulating a particular key/keys through a key matrix of the HHP, the logic controller produces a logic control signal corresponding to the output level, namely, the ERP value of the selected mode in response to the MAC signal transmitted from the cell site, with reference to the memory content. 
     According to the EIA specification, since the tolerance limit of each power level would be preferably between +2 dB and -4 dB, at the a temperature between -10 and 60 , the ERP value of each power level may be set to about an intermediate value by combining the first source voltage Vd and the resistors R1 to R6 with each other. Owing to the correct setting of the intermediate value as shown above, the ERP value will be prevented from deviating out of the preferably permitted tolerance limit of the power levels, which may arise due to inherent hardware errors of the components of the inventive circuit. In addition, since it would be possible to perform a fine adjustment of the reference voltage values according to the 31 power levels when varying the first source voltage Vd by adjusting the variable resistor VR1, the adjustment of each power level to an intermediate value or the compensation of output error may be easily and effectively made. Furthermore, since the output level error of the first power amplifier 3 in the HHP is very small, the reference voltages become independent upon the second power amplifier 4 of the booster module, thereby achieving easy designing of the booster module. That is, the output range of the second power amplifier 4 of the booster module would be enough if it is equal to, or exceeds the ERP value range (PL0 to PL7) according to class I. Thus, when operating the HHP according to the present invention, the generation of logic control signals and the output voltage corresponding thereto are as follows: 
     
                                           TABLE 3__________________________________________________________________________    Logic Control             Output    OutputPower    MAC  Signal 5-bit             A B C D E Voltage VoLevel    3-bit    HHP       Booster             HHP Booster                       HHP                          Booster__________________________________________________________________________0   000  27 29    11011                 11101 3.578                          3.8561   001  27 25    11011                 11001 3.578                          3.3132   010  27 21    11011                 10101 3.578                          2.7963   011  21 17    10101                 10001 2.796                          2.2534   100  15 14    01111                 01110 2.001                          1.8695   001  11 10    01011                 01010 1.458                          1.3256   101   7  7    00111                 00111 0.941                          0.9417   111   5  4    00101                 00100 0.676                          0.544__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     As described above, when utilizing the HHP as the car phone, since the inventive system does not require an additional circuit to control output of the booster module, the system construction may be easy and its production cost may be saved. In addition, since the system provides reference voltages corresponding to each mode selected, by only selecting either one of the six output voltages suitable for the HHP mode or the eight output voltages suitable for the booster mode, among the plurality of output voltages. Since it is possible to make a precise setting of the ERP values according to each power level by employing a free combination of the first source voltage and a plurality of resistors, it may prevent from deviation of the tolerance limit hardware errors inherent in the component manufacturing, thereby increasing efficiency and reliability of the system. Moreover, since it employs a single variable resistor to change the first source voltage, easy adjustment of output level and time-saving may be obtained. Furthermore, since it will be possible just by adding input/output ports and resistors as needed, to extend a number of the output levels, an easy and economic extension of the system may be achieved. 
     While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment , it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications in detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.