Abstract:
According to the invention, there is provided an inbred corn line, designated PHJ65. This invention thus relates to the plants and seeds of inbred corn line PHJ65 and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing the inbred line PHJ65 with itself or with another corn plant. This invention further relates to hybrid corn seeds and plants produced by crossing the inbred line PHJ65 with another corn line or plant and to crosses with related species.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention is in the field of corn breeding, specifically relating to an inbred corn line designated PHJ65. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The goal of plant breeding is to combine in a single variety/hybrid various desirable traits For field crops, these traits may include resistance to diseases and insects, tolerance to heat and drought, reducing the time to crop maturity, greater yield, and better agronomic quality. With mechanical harvesting of many crops, uniformity of plant characteristics such as germination and stand establishment, growth rate, maturity, and fruit size, is important. 
     Field crops are bred through techniques that take advantage of the plant&#39;s method of pollination. A plant is self-pollinated if pollen from one flower is transferred to the same or another flower of the same plant. A plant is cross-pollinated if the pollen comes from a flower on a different plant. 
     Plants that have been self-pollinated and selected for type for many generations become homozygous at almost all gene loci and produce a uniform population of true breeding progeny. A cross between two homozygous lines produce a uniform population of hybrid plants that may be heterozygous for many gene loci. A cross of two plants each heterozygous at a number of gene loci will produce a population of hybrid plants that differ genetically and will not be uniform. 
     Corn plants (Zea mays L.) can be bred by both self-pollination and cross-pollination techniques. Corn has separate male and female flowers on the same plant, located on the tassel and the ear, respectively. Natural pollination occurs in corn when wind blows pollen from the tassels to the silks that protrude from the tops of the incipient ears. 
     The development of corn hybrids requires the development of homozygous inbred lines, the crossing of these lines, and the evaluation of the crosses. Pedigree breeding and recurrent selection breeding methods are used to develop inbred lines from breeding populations. Breeding programs combine the genetic backgrounds from two or more inbred lines or various other broad-based sources into breeding pools from which new inbred lines are developed by selfing and selection of desired phenotypes. The new inbreds are crossed with other inbred lines and the hybrids from these crosses are evaluated to determine which of those have commercial potential. 
     Pedigree breeding starts with the crossing of two genotypes, each of which may have one or more desirable characteristics that is lacking in the other or which complement the other. If the two original parents do not provide all of the desired characteristics, other sources can be included in the breeding population. In the pedigree method, superior plants are selfed and selected in successive generations. In the succeeding generations the heterozygous condition gives way to homogeneous lines as a result of self-pollination and selection. Typically in the pedigree method of breeding five or more generations of selfing and selection is practiced: F 1  →F 2  ; F 2  →F 3  ; F 3  →F 4  ; F 4  →F 5 , etc. 
     Backcrossing can be used to improve an inbred line. Backcrossing transfers a specific desirable trait from one inbred or source to an inbred that lacks that trait. This can be accomplished for example by first crossing a superior inbred (A) (recurrent parent) to a donor inbred (non-recurrent parent), which carries the appropriate gene(s) for the trait in question. The progeny of this cross is then mated back to the superior recurrent parent (A) followed by selection in the resultant progeny for the desired trait to be transferred from the non-recurrent parent. After five or more backcross generations with selection for the desired trait, the progeny will be heterozygous for loci controlling the characteristic being transferred, but will be like the superior parent for most or almost all other genes. The last backcross generation would be selfed to give pure breeding progeny for the gene(s) being transferred. 
     A single cross hybrid corn variety is the cross of two inbred lines, each of which has a genotype which complements the genotype of the other. The hybrid progeny of the first generation is designated F 1 . In the development of hybrids only the F 1  hybrid plants are sought. Preferred F 1  hybrids are more vigorous than their inbred parents. This hybrid vigor, or heterosis, can be manifested in many polygenic traits, including increased vegetative growth and increased yield. 
     The development of a hybrid corn variety involves three steps: (1) the selection of plants from various germplasm pools; (2) the selfing of the selected plants for several generations to produce a series of inbred lines, which, although different from each other, each breed true and are highly uniform; and (3) crossing the selected inbred lines with unrelated inbred lines to produce the hybrid progeny (F 1 ). During the inbreeding process in corn, the vigor of the lines decreases. Vigor is restored when two unrelated inbred lines are crossed to produce the hybrid progeny (F 1 ). An important consequence of the homozygosity and homogeneity of the inbred lines is that the hybrid between any two inbreds will always be the same. Once the inbreds that give a superior hybrid have been identified, the hybrid seed can be reproduced indefinitely as long as the homogeneity of the inbred parents is maintained. 
     A single cross hybrid is produced when two inbred lines are crossed to produce the F 1  progeny. A double cross hybrid is produced from four inbred lines crossed in pairs (A×B and C×D) and then the two F 1  hybrids are crossed again (A×B)×(C×D). Much of the hybrid vigor exhibited by F 1  hybrids is lost in the next generation (F 2 ). Consequently, seed from hybrid varieties is not used for planting stock. 
     Corn is an important and valuable field crop. Thus, a continuing goal of plant breeders is to develop high-yielding corn hybrids that are agronomically sound based on stable inbred lines. The reasons for this goal are obvious: to maximize the amount of grain produced with the inputs used and minimize susceptibility to environmental stresses. To accomplish this goal, the corn breeder must select and develop superior inbred parental lines for producing hybrids. This requires identification and selection of genetically unique individuals which in a segregating population occur as the result of a combination of crossover events plus the independent assortment of specific combinations of alleles at many gene loci which results in specific genotypes. Based on the number of segregating genes, the frequency of occurrence of an individual with a specific genotype is less than 1 in 10,000. Thus, even if the entire genotype of the parents has been characterized and the desired genotype is known, only a few if any individuals having the desired genotype may be found in a large F 2  or S 0  population. Typically, however, the genotype of neither the parents nor the desired genotype is known in any detail. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     According to the invention, there is provided a novel inbred corn line, designated PHJ65. This invention thus relates to the seeds of inbred corn line PHJ65, to the plants of inbred corn line PHJ65, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing the inbred line PHJ65 with itself or another corn line. This invention further relates to hybrid corn seeds and plants produced by crossing the inbred line PHJ65 with another corn line or a related species. 
     DEFINITIONS 
     In the description and examples that follow, a number of terms are used herein. In order to provide a clear and consistent understanding of the specification and claims, including the scope to be given such terms, the following definitions are provided: 
     ABS=absolute measurement and % MN is percentage of means of the experiments in which inbred or hybrid was grown unless otherwise defined. 
     BAR PLT=BARREN PLANTS. This is the percent of plants per plot that were not barren (lack ears). 
     BRT STK=BRITTLE STALKS. This is a measure of the stalk breakage near the time of pollination, and is an indication of whether a hybrid or inbred would snap or break near the time of flowering under severe winds. Data are presented as percentage of plants that did not snap. 
     BU ACR=YIELD (BUSHELS/ACRE). Actual yield of the grain at harvest adjusted to 15.5% moisture. ABS is in absolute terms and % MN is percent of the mean for the experiments in which the inbred or hybrid was grown. 
     CLD TST=COLD TEST. This is the percentage of kernels that germinate under cold soil conditions. 
     COB SC=COB SCORE. The cob score is a rating of how well the grain is shelled off the cob and how badly the cob is broken up going through the combine. This is given as a 1 to 9 score with 9 being very good. A high score indicates that the grain shells off of the cob well, and the cob does not break. 
     DRP EAR=DROPPED EARS. This is a measure of the number of dropped ears per plot and represents the percentage of plants that did not drop ears prior to harvest. 
     EAR HT=EAR HEIGHT. The ear height is a measure from the ground to the top developed ear node attachment and is measured in inches. 
     EAR SZ=EAR SIZE. A 1 to 9 visual rating of ear size. The higher the rating the larger the ear size. 
     EST CNT=EARLY STAND COUNT. This is a measure of the stand establishment in the spring and represents the number of plants that emerge on a per plot basis for the inbred or hybrid. 
     GDU SHD=GDU TO SHED. The number of growing degree units (GDUs) or heat units required for an inbred line or hybrid to have approximately 50 percent of the plants shedding pollen and is measured from the time of planting. Growing degree units are calculated by the Barger Method, where the heat units for a 24-hour period are: ##EQU1## 
     The highest maximum temperature used is 86° F. and the lowest minimum temperature used is 50° F. For each inbred or hybrid it takes a certain number of GDUs to reach various stages of plant development. 
     GDU SLK=GDU TO SILK. The number of growing degree units required for an inbred line or hybrid to have approximately 50 percent of the plants with silk emergence from time of planting. Growing degree units are calculated by the Barger Method as given in GDU SHD definition. 
     GRN QUL=GRAIN QUALITY. This is a 1 to 9 rating for the general quality of the shelled grain as it is harvested based on such factors as the color of the harvested grain, any mold on the grain, and any cracked grain. High scores indicate good grain quality. 
     MST=HARVEST MOISTURE. The moisture is the actual percentage moisture of the grain at harvest. 
     PLT HT=PLANT HEIGHT. This is a measure of the height of the plant from the ground to the tip of the tassel in inches. 
     POL SC=POLLEN SCORE. A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the amount of pollen shed. The higher the score the more pollen shed. 
     PRM=PREDICTED RM. This trait, predicted relative maturity (RM), is based on the harvest moisture of the grain. The relative maturity rating is based on a known set of checks and utilizes standard linear regression analyses and is referred to as the Minnesota Relative Maturity Rating System. 
     RT LDG=ROOT LODGING. Root lodging is the percentage of plants that do not root lodge; plants that lean from the vertical axis at an approximately 30° angle or greater would be counted as root lodged. 
     SCT GRN=SCATTER GRAIN. A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the amount of scatter grain (lack of pollination or kernel abortion) on the ear. The higher the score the less scatter grain. 
     SDG VGR=SEEDLING VIGOR. This is the visual rating (1 to 9) of the amount of vegetative growth after emergence at the seedling stage (approximately five leaves). A higher score indicates better vigor. 
     SEL IND=SELECTION INDEX. The selection index gives a single measure of the hybrid&#39;s worth based on information for up to five traits. A corn breeder may utilize his or her own set of traits for the selection index. One of the traits that is almost always included is yield. The selection index data presented in the tables represent the mean value averaged across testing stations. 
     STA GRN=STAY GREEN. Stay green is the measure of plant health near the time of black layer formation (physiological maturity). A high score indicates better late-season plant health. 
     STK CNT=NUMBER OF PLANTS. This is the final stand or number of plants per plot. 
     STK LDG=STALK LODGING. This is the percentage of plants that did not stalk lodge (stalk breakage) as measured by either natural lodging or pushing the stalks and determining the percentage of plants that break below the ear. 
     TAS BLS=TASSEL BLAST. A 1 to 9 visual rating was used to measure the degree of blasting (necrosis due to heat stress) of the tassel at time of flowering. A 1 would indicate a very high level of blasting at time of flowering, while a 9 would have no tassel blasting. 
     TAS SZ=TASSEL SIZE. A 1 to 9 visual rating was used to indicate the relative size of the tassel. The higher the rating the larger the tassel. 
     TAS WT=TASSEL WEIGHT. This is the average weight of a tassel (grams) just prior to pollen shed. 
     TEX EAR=EAR TEXTURE. A 1 to 9 visual rating was used to indicate the relative hardness (smoothness of crown) of mature grain. A 1 would be very soft (extreme dent) while a 9 would be very hard (flinty or very smooth crown). 
     TILLER=TILLERS. A count of the number of tillers per plot that could possibly shed pollen was taken. Data is given as percentage of tillers: number of tillers per plot divided by number of plants per plot. 
     TST WT=TEST WEIGHT UNADJUSTED. The measure of the weight of the grain in pounds for a given volume (bushel). 
     TST WTA=TEST WEIGHT ADJUSTED. The measure of the weight of the grain in pounds for a given volume (bushel) adjusted for percent moisture. 
     YLD=YIELD. It is the same as BU ACR ABS. 
     YLD SC=YIELD SCORE. A 1 to 9 visual rating was used to give a relative rating for yield based on plot ear piles. The higher the rating the greater visual yield appearance. 
     MDM CPX=Maize Dwarf Mosaic Complex (MDMV=Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus &amp; MCDV=Maize Chlorotic Dwarf Virus): Visual rating (1-9 score) where a &#34;1&#34; is very susceptible and a &#34;9&#34; is very resistant. 
     COM SMT=Common Smut (Ustilago maydis): Percentage of plants that did not have infection. 
     SLF BLT=Southern Leaf Blight (Bipolaris maydis, Helminthosporium maydis): Visual rating (1-9 score) where a &#34;1&#34; is very susceptible and a &#34;9&#34; is very resistant. 
     NLF BLT=Northern Leaf Blight (Exserohilum turcicum, H. turcicum): Visual rating (1-9 score) where a &#34;1&#34; is very susceptible and a &#34;9&#34; is very resistant. 
     COM RST=Common Rust (Puccinia sorghi): Visual rating (1-9 score) where a &#34;1&#34; is very susceptible and a &#34;9&#34; is very resistant. 
     EYE SPT=Eyespot (Kabatiella zeae): Visual rating (1-9 score) where a &#34;1&#34; is very susceptible and a &#34;9&#34; is very resistant. 
     GLF SPT=Gray Leaf Spot (Cercospora zeae-maydis): Visual rating (1-9 score) where a &#34;1&#34; is very susceptible and a &#34;9&#34; is very resistant. 
     STW WLT=Stewart&#39;s Wilt (Erwinia stewartii): Visual rating (1-9 score) where a &#34;1&#34; is very susceptible and a &#34;9&#34; is very resistant. 
     HD SMT=Head Smut (Sphacelotheca reiliana): Percentage of plants that did not have infection. 
     EAR MLD=General Ear Mold: Visual rating (1-9 score) where a &#34;1&#34; is very susceptible and a &#34;9&#34; is very resistant. This is based on overall rating for ear mold of mature ears without determining specific mold organism, and may not be predictive for a specific ear mold. 
     ECB DPE=Dropped ears due to European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis): Percentage of plants that did not drop ears under second brood corn borer infestation. 
     ECB 2SC=European Corn Borer Second Brood (Ostrinia nubilalis): Visual rating (1-9 score) of post flowering damage due to infestation by European Corn Borer. A &#34;1&#34; is very susceptible and a &#34;9&#34; is very resistant. 
     ECB 1LF=European Corn Borer First Brood (Ostrinia nubilalis): Visual rating (1-9 score) of pre-flowering leaf feeding by European Corn Borer. A &#34;1&#34; is very susceptible and a &#34;9&#34; is very resistant. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Inbred corn line PHJ65 is a yellow, dent corn inbred that is best used as a male parental line in crosses for producing first generation F1 corn hybrids. PHJ65 is best adapted to the southern region of the United States. The inbred can be used to produce hybrids from approximately 125-137 relative maturity based on the Minnesota Relative Maturity Rating System for harvest moisture of grain. PHJ65 would make an excellent male since it has a large tassel and high pollen yield. PHJ65 has good resistance to MDMV, Southern leaf blight, Stewart&#39;s wilt, and ear mold. 
     The inbred has shown uniformity and stability within the limits of environmental influence for all the traits as described in the Variety Description Information (Table 1) that follows. Most of the data in the Variety Description Information was collected at Johnston, Iowa. The inbred has been self-pollinated and ear-rowed a sufficient number of generations with careful attention paid to uniformity of plant type to ensure homozygousity and phenotypic stability. The line has been increased both by hand and in isolated fields with continued observation for uniformity. No variant traits have been observed or are expected in PHJ65. 
     Inbred corn line PHJ65, being substantially homozygous, can be reproduced by planting seeds of the line, growing the resulting corn plants under self-pollinating or sib-pollinating conditions with adequate isolations, and harvesting the resulting seed, using techniques familiar to the agriculture arts. 
     
                       TABLE 1______________________________________VARIETY DESCRIPTION INFORMATIONINBRED = PHJ65______________________________________    Type: Dent        Region Best Adapted: SouthA.  Maturity: Average across maturity zones. Zone: 0    Heat Unit Shed: 1670    Heat Unit Silk: 1710    No. Reps: 35HEAT UNITS = ##STR1##B.  Plant Characteristics:    Plant height (to tassel tip): 267 cm    Length of top ear internode: 11 cm    Number of ears per stalk: Single    Ear height (to base of top ear): 100 cm    Number of tillers: None    Cytoplasm type: NormalC.  Leaf:    Color: (K166) Very Dark Green    Angle from Stalk: &lt; 30 degrees    Marginal Waves: (WF9) Few    Number of Leaves (mature plants): 22    Sheath Pubescence: (OH26) Heavy    Longitudinal Creases: (OH56A) Few    Length (Ear node leaf): 91 cm    Width (widest point, ear node leaf): 10 cmD.  Tassel:    Number lateral branches: 20    Branch Angle from central spike: 30-40 degrees    Pollen Shed: Heavy based on Pollen Yield Test    (104% of experiment means)    Peduncle Length (top leaf to basal branches): 21 cm    Anther Color: Yellow    Glume Color: GreenE.  Ear (Husked Ear Data Except When Stated Otherwise):    Length: 13 cm    Weight: 71 gm    Mid-point Diameter: 38 mm    Silk Color: Yellow    Husk Extension (Harvest stage): Very Long (&gt; 10 cm)    Husk Leaf: Medium (8-15 cm)    Taper of Ear: Slight    Position of Shank (dry husks): Upright    Kernel Rows: Straight, Distinct Number = 14    Husk Color (fresh): Light Green    Husk Color (dry): Buff    Shank Length: 12 cm    Shank (No. of internodes): 8F.  Kernel (Dried):    Size (from ear mid-point)    Length: 10 mm    Width: 7 mm    Thick: 5 mm    Shape Grade (% rounds): 40-60 (43% medium round based    on Parent Test Data)    Pericarp Color: Colorless    Aleurone Color: Homozygous Yellow    Endosperm Color: Yellow    Endosperm Type: Normal Starch    Gm Wt/100 Seeds (unsized): 25 gmG.  Cob:    Diameter at mid-point: 22 mm    Strength: Strong    Color: WhiteH.  Diseases:    Corn Lethal Necrosis (MCMV = Maize Chlorotic Mottle    Virus and MDMV = Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus):    Intermediate Maize Dwarf Mosaic Complex (MDMV &amp;    MCDV = Maize Dwarf Virus): Resistant    Anthracnose Stalk Rot (C. graminicola): Intermediate    S. Leaf Blight (H. maydis): Resistant    N. Leaf Blight (H. turcicum): Intermediate    Gray Leaf Spot (C. zeae): Intermediate    Stewart&#39;s Wilt (E. stewartii): Resistant    Common Smut (U. maydis): Susceptible    Head Smut (S. reiliana): Susceptible    Fusarium Ear Mold (F. moniliforme): ResistantI.  Insects:    European Corn Borer-1 Leaf Damage (Pre-flowering):    Susceptible    European Corn Borer-2 (Post-flowering): Susceptible    The above descriptions are based on a scale of 1-9, 1 being    highly susceptible, 9 being highly resistant.    S (Susceptible): Would generally represent a score of 1-3.    I (Intermediate): Would generally represent a score of 4-5.    R (Resistant): Would generally represent a score of 6-7.    H (Highly Resistant): Would generally represent a score    of 8-9. Highly resistant does not imply    the inbred is immune.J.  Varietyl Most Closely Resembling:Character         InbredMaturity          PHP60Usage             PHW88______________________________________ *If maximum is greater than 86 degrees fahrenheit, then 86 is used and if minimum is less than 50, then 50 is used. Heat units accumulated daily an can not be less than 0. 
    
     Data for Items B, C, D, E, F, and G is based primarily on a maximum of four reps from Johnston, Iowa grown in 1988-89, plus description information from the maintaining station. 
     ELECTROPHORESIS RESULTS 
     Isozyme Genotypes for PHJ65 
     Isozyme data were generated for inbred corn line PHJ65 according to the procedures described in Stuber, C. W., Wendel, J. F., Goodman, M. M., and Smith, J. S. C., &#34;Techniques and Scoring Procedures for Starch Gel Electrophoresis of Enzymes from Maize (Zea mays L.)&#34;, Technical Bulletin No. 286, North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, N.C. (1988). 
     The data in Table 2 compares PHJ65 with its parents PHG63 and PHG65. 
     
                       TABLE 2______________________________________ELECTROPHORESIS RESULTS FOR PHJ65AND ITS PARENTS PHG63 AND PHG65            PARENTSLoci     PHJ65         PHG63   PHG65______________________________________ACP1     4             4       2ADH1     4             4       4CAT3     9             9       9DIA1     8             8       12GOT1     4             4       4GOT2     4             4       4GOT3     4             4       4IDH1     4             4       4IDH2     6             6       4MDH1     6             6       6MDH2     3.5           3.5     3MDH3     16            16      16MDH4     12            12      12MDH5     12            12      12MMM      4             4       4PGM1     9             9       9PGM2     4             4       4PGD1     3.8           3.8     3.8PGD2     5             5       5PHI1     4             4       4______________________________________ 
    
     INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY 
     This invention also is directed to methods for producing a corn plant by crossing a first parent corn plant with a second parent corn plant wherein the first or second parent corn plant is an inbred corn plant from the line PHJ65. Further, both first and second parent corn plants can come from the inbred corn line PHJ65. Thus, any such methods using the inbred corn line PHJ65 are part of this invention: selfing, backcrosses, hybrid production, crosses to populations, and the like. All plants produced using inbred corn line PHJ65 as a parent are within the scope of this invention. Advantageously, the inbred corn line is used in crosses with other, different, corn inbreds to produce first generation (F 1 ) corn hybrid seeds and plants with superior characteristics. 
     As used herein, the terms &#34;plant and plant parts&#34; include plant cells, plant protoplasts, plant cell tissue culture from which corn plants can be regenerated, plant calli, plant clumps, and plant cells that are intact in plants or parts of plants, such as embryos, pollen, flowers, kernels, ears, cobs, leaves, husks, stalks, roots, root tips, anthers, silk and the like. 
     Tissue culture of corn is described in European Patent Application, publication 160,390, incorporated herein by reference. Corn tissue culture procedures are also described in Green and Rhodes, &#34;Plant Regeneration in Tissue Culture of Maize,&#34; Maize for Biological Research (Plant Molecular Biology Association, Charlottsville, Va. 1982, at 367-372). Thus, another aspect of this invention is to provide cells which upon growth and differentiation produce the inbred line PHJ65. 
     The utility of inbred line PHJ65 also extends to crosses with other species. Commonly, suitable species will be of the family Graminaceae, and especially of the genera Zea, Tripsacum, Coix, Schlerachne, Polytoca, Chionachne, and Trilobachne, of the tribe Maydeae. Of these, Zea and Tripsacum, are most preferred. Potentially suitable for crosses with PHJ65 may be the various varieties of grain sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. 
     Corn is used as human food, livestock feed, and as raw material in industry. The food uses of corn, in addition to human consumption of corn kernels, include both products of dry- and wet-milling industries. The principal products of corn dry milling are grits, meal and flour. The corn wet-milling industry can provide corn starch, corn syrups, and dextrose for food use. Corn oil is recovered from corn germ, which is a by-product of both dry- and wet-milling industries. 
     Corn, including both grain and non-grain portions of the plant, is also used extensively as livestock feed, primarily for beef cattle, dairy cattle, hogs, and poultry. 
     Industrial uses of corn are mainly from corn starch from the wet-milling industry and corn flour from the dry-milling industry. The industrial applications of corn starch and flour are based on functional properties, such as viscosity, film formation, adhesive properties, and ability to suspend particles. The corn starch and flour have application in the paper and textile industries. Other industrial uses include applications in adhesives, building materials, foundry binders, laundry starches, explosives, oil-well muds, and other mining applications. 
     Plant parts other than the grain of corn are also used in industry. Stalks and husks are made into paper and wallboard and cobs are used for fuel and to make charcoal. 
     The seed of inbred corn line PHJ65, the plant produced from the inbred seed, the hybrid corn plant produced from the crossing of the inbred, hybrid seed, and various parts of the hybrid corn plant can be utilized for human food, livestock feed, and as a raw material in industry. 
     EXAMPLE 
     Inbred and Hybrid Performance of PHJ65 
     In the examples that follow the traits and characteristics of inbred corn line PHJ65 are given as a line and in hybrid combination. The data collected on inbred corn line PHJ65 is presented for the key characteristics and traits. 
     The results in Table 3A compares PHJ65 to its PHG63 parent. PHJ65 has better yield than PHG63. PHJ65 is taller with higher ear placement and flowers (GDU SHD and GDU SLK) later than PHG63. Root lodging and common rust resistance is less for PHJ65 but it has better common smut and maize dwarf mosaic virus complex resistance than PHG63. 
     The results in Table 3B show that PHJ65 yields more, has a higher test weight, and less grain moisture at maturity than its PHG65 parent. PHJ65 is taller with higher ear placement and flowers (GDU SHD and GDU SLK) earlier than PHG65. PHJ65 has better seedling vigor and better early stand establishment than PHG65. The common smut resistance of PHJ65 is better but it has less resistance to ear mold and first brood European corn borer than PHG65. 
     Table 3C compares PHJ65 with PHJ31. The results show that PHJ65 yields less, has higher test weight, and lower grain moisture at maturity than PHJ31. PHJ65 is a taller inbred with higher ear placement, sheds pollen (GDU SHD) later, and silks (GDU SLK) earlier than PHJ31. PHJ65 has greater pollen yield and a larger tassel compared to PHJ31. PHJ65 is more resistant to the maize dwarf mosaic virus complex and Southern corn leaf blight and more susceptible to stalk and root lodging, ear mold, and first brood European corn borer than PHJ31. 
     The results in Table 3D show that PHJ65 yields less, has similar test weight, and more grain harvest moisture compared to PHM57. PHJ65 is a taller inbred with higher ear placement and flowers (GDU SHD and GDU SLK) later than PHM57. The pollen yield is greater and tassel size bigger for PHJ65 than PHM57. PHJ65 has resistance to gray leaf spot, maize dwarf mosaic virus complex, and Southern corn leaf blight but more susceptible to stalk and root lodging, common rust, Stewart&#39;s wilt, and first brood European corn borer than PHM57. 
     Table 3E results compare PHJ65 with PHP60. PHJ65 has lower yield and test weight, and higher grain moisture at maturity than PHP60. PHJ65 is taller, has higher ear placement, and flowers (GDU SHD and GDU SLK) later than PHP60. The pollen yield is greater and tassel size larger for PHJ65 compared to PHP60. PHJ65 has better resistance to ear mold, gray leaf spot, Southern corn leaf blight, and first brood European corn borer than PHP60 but is more susceptible to root lodging, common smut, Stewart&#39;s wilt, and second brood European corn borer. 
     Table 3F shows that PHJ65 yields less, has lower test weight, and similar grain harvest moisture compared to the line PHJ31/PHM57. PHJ65 is taller but has lower ear placement and flowers (GDU SHD and GDU SLK) later than PHJ31/PHM57. PHJ65 has better stalks but poorer roots and is more susceptible to a number of agronomically important diseases and first brood European corn borer than PHJ31/PHM57. 
     The results in Table 4A compare PHJ65 to line PHJ31/PHM57 crossed to the same inbred testers. In this comparison they have similar yield and test weight but the PHJ65 hybrids have less grain moisture at maturity than the PHJ31/PHM57 hybrids. PHJ65 hybrids are taller than PHJ31/PHM57 hybrids but they have similar ear height. The stalks are similar but root lodging resistance and stay green is better for PHJ65 hybrids than PHJ31/PHM57 hybrids. 
     The results in Table 4B compare PHJ65 to PHP60 crossed to the same inbred testers. The results show that PHJ65 hybrids have similar yield and test weight but more grain moisture at maturity compared to PHP60 hybrids. PHJ65  hybrids are taller, have similar ear height, and flower (GDU SHD) later than PHP60 hybrids. The PHJ65 hybrids have better seedling vigor, stalk lodging resistance, and stay green, but are more susceptible to root lodging than the PHP60 hybrids. 
     
                                           TABLE 3A__________________________________________________________________________PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA__________________________________________________________________________      VARIETY #1 - PHJ65      VARIETY #2 - PHG63           YLD   EAR   BAR PLT   EAR   SDG EST  TIL GDU      VAR  SC    SZ    PLT HT    HT    VGR CNT  LER SHDYEAR REGION      #    ABS   ABS   ABS ABS   ABS   ABS ABS  ABS ABS__________________________________________________________________________TOTAL      1    4.5   6.0   100.0                           97.4  37.4  5.7 27.5 2.1 165.0SUM        2    2.8   3.6   100.0                           83.7  29.4  4.8 21.0 0.0 154.7      LOCS 6     8     1   7     7     6   2    2   10      DIFF 1.7   2.4   0.0 13.7  8.0   0.8 6.5  2.1 10.3      PROB .020+ .005#     .001# .003# .141                                           .314 .500                                                    .000#__________________________________________________________________________         GDU TAS TEX SCT STA RT  COM COM EAR   MDM SLF ECBRE-  VAR SLK SZ  EAR GRN GRN LDG RST SMT MLD   CPX BLT 1LFYEAR GION #   ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS   ABS ABS ABS__________________________________________________________________________TOTAL     1   166.1             8.2 7.0 5.6 5.8 47.6                                 3.7 10.0                                         6.4   5.0 6.5 4.0SUM       2   164.9             8.5 7.8 5.3 5.6 76.5                                 4.3 0.0 7.8   3.5 7.0 4.0     LOCS         9   6   5   7   8   1   3   1   8     1   2   1     DIFF         1.2 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.1 28.9                                 0.7 10.0                                         1.4   1.5 0.5 0.0     PROB         .289             .576                 .242                     .766                         .785    .423    .028+     .795__________________________________________________________________________ * = 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG 
    
     
                                           TABLE 3B__________________________________________________________________________PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA__________________________________________________________________________              VARIETY #1 - PHJ65              VARIETY #2 - PHG65              BU  BU  YLD       EAR BAR PLT   EAR   SDG         VAR  ACR ACR SC  MST   SZ  PLT HT    HT    VGRYEAR    REGION         #    ABS % MN                      ABS ABS   ABS ABS ABS   ABS   ABS__________________________________________________________________________TOTAL SUM     1    37.3                  76  5.0 23.2  5.8 100.0                                        87.1  33.4  5.7         2    32.3                  64  4.0 26.7  4.5 100.0                                        74.9  29.6  4.2         LOCS 2   2   5   2     6   1   8     8     6         DIFF 5.0 12  1.0 3.6   1.3 0.0 12.2  3.8   1.5         PROB .614                  .590                      .298                          .009# .140    .001# .005# .017+__________________________________________________________________________           EST   TIL GDU GDU   TAS  TEX TST  GRN SCT STA      VAR  CNT   LER SHD SLK   SZ   EAR WT   QUL GRN GRNYEAR REGION      #    ABS   ABS ABS ABS   ABS  ABS ABS  ABS ABS ABS__________________________________________________________________________TOTAL      1    34.0  2.1 165.4                         167.1 8.5  7.3 56.5 8.0 6.6 5.8SUM        2    23.8  8.3 166.4                         170.4 7.7  8.0 54.5 8.0 6.2 6.8      LOCS 5     2   9   8     6    3   2    1   5   9      DIFF 10.2  6.3 1.0 3.3   0.8  0.7 2.0  0.0 0.4 1.0      PROB .004# .656                     .516                         .032+ .093*                                    .423                                        .072*    .784                                                     .108__________________________________________________________________________                             RT  COM COM EAR  SLF STW ECB                        VAR  LDG RST SMT MLD  BLT WLT 1LF          YEAR    REGION                        #    ABS ABS ABS ABS  ABS ABS ABS__________________________________________________________________________          TOTAL SUM     1    50.8                                 3.7 10.0                                         6.4  6.7 9.0 3.5                        2    49.8                                 3.7 8.0 7.6  6.3 9.0 4.5                        LOCS 2   3   1   7    3   1   2                        DIFF 1.0 0.0 2.0 1.1  0.3 0.0 1.0                        PROB .957                                 .000    .066*                                              .742    .500__________________________________________________________________________ * = 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG 
    
     
                                           TABLE 3C__________________________________________________________________________PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA__________________________________________________________________________           VARIETY #1 - PHJ65           VARIETY #2 - PHJ31           BU  BU  YLD       EAR BAR  PLT   EAR   SDG EST      VAR  ACR ACR SC  MST   SZ  PLT  HT    HT    VGR CNTYEAR REGION      #    ABS % MN                   ABS ABS   ABS ABS  ABS   ABS   ABS ABS__________________________________________________________________________TOTAL      1    33.8               64  4.7 22.8  6.0 100.0                                      84.8  31.9  5.3 38.8SUM        2    44.1               74  5.3 25.8  6.1 100.0                                      66.9  24.5  5.3 40.5      LOCS 6   6   7   6     8   1    8     8     9   10      DIFF 10.3               11  0.6 2.9   0.1 0.0  17.9  7.4   0.1 1.7      PROB .401               .641                   .386                       .018+ .785     .004# .002# .886                                                      .342__________________________________________________________________________              TIL GDU GDU   POL TAS   TEX TST GRN SCT STA         VAR  LER SHD SLK   SC  SZ    EAR WT  QUL GRN GRNYEAR    REGION         #    ABS ABS ABS   ABS ABS   ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS__________________________________________________________________________TOTAL SUM     1    0.8 163.8                      165.5 7.5 7.7   7.0 55.8                                              8.3 5.6 5.8         2    0.0 161.8                      169.3 5.5 6.6   7.0 54.9                                              7.3 5.0 6.3         LOCS 5   13  10    2   9     6   6   2   7   12         DIFF 0.8 2.0 3.8   2.0 1.1   0.0 0.9 1.0 0.6 0.4         PROB .374                  .221                      .039+ .500                                .013+ .000                                          .243                                              .295                                                  .493                                                      .551__________________________________________________________________________                       STK RT  COM COM EAR MDM SLF STW ECB                  VAR  LDG LDG RST SMT MLD CPX BLT WLT 1LF    YEAR    REGION                  #    ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS__________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM     1    95.0                           50.8                               3.7 10.0                                       6.7 5.0 6.7 9.0 3.0                  2    98.1                           63.3                               2.3 10.0                                       7.1 3.0 5.7 9.0 8.0                  LOCS 1   2   3   1   9   1   3   1   1                  DIFF 3.1 12.5                               1.3 0.0 0.4 2.0 1.0 0.0 5.0                  PROB     .467                               .383    .377    .225__________________________________________________________________________ * = 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG 
    
     
                                           TABLE 3D__________________________________________________________________________PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA__________________________________________________________________________           VARIETY #1 - PHJ65           VARIETY #2 - PHM57           BU    BU    YLD      EAR BAR  PLT   EAR   SDG      VAR  ACR   ACR   SC  MST  SZ  PLT  HT    HT    VGRYEAR REGION      #    ABS   % MN  ABS ABS  ABS ABS  ABS   ABS   ABS__________________________________________________________________________TOTAL      1    28.3  51    4.4 23.8 6.0 100.0                                         88.1  33.0  4.9SUM        2    58.9  95    5.1 20.8 6.0 100.0                                         66.1  28.8  4.7      LOCS 9     9     7   9    8   1    9     9     13      DIFF 30.6  45    0.7 3.0  0.0 0.0  21.9  4.2   0.2      PROB .008# .012+ .182                           .054*                                .000     .000# .046+ .656__________________________________________________________________________              EST TIL GDU  GDU   POL  TAS   TEX TST GRN         VAR  CNT LER SHD  SLK   SC   SZ    EAR WT  QULYEAR    REGION         #    ABS ABS ABS  ABS   ABS  ABS   ABS ABS ABS__________________________________________________________________________TOTAL SUM     1    41.1                  0.8 166.1                           171.1 7.0  7.2   7.0 55.1                                                    8.3         2    41.7                  2.7 165.9                           168.5 5.7  5.6   6.7 55.5                                                    7.8         LOCS 14  5   17   17    3    11    6   9   2         DIFF 0.6 1.9 0.2  2.7   1.3  1.5   0.3 0.4 0.5         PROB .717                  .568                      .885 .048+ .057*                                      .007# .465                                                .718                                                    .000#__________________________________________________________________________         SCT  STA STK RT  COM   COM EAR GLF                                           MDM SLF STW ECBRE- VAR  GRN  GRN LDG LDG RST   SMT MLD SPT                                           CPX BLT WLT 1LFYEAR GION    #    ABS  ABS ABS ABS ABS   ABS ABS ABS                                           ABS ABS ABS ABS__________________________________________________________________________TOTAL    1    5.6  6.0 95.0                      50.8                          3.7   10.0                                    6.6 6.0                                           5.0 6.7 4.0 4.0SUM      2    4.6  6.5 100.0                      86.3                          4.7   4.0 6.4 4.0                                           2.0 5.3 8.0 8.0    LOCS 7    13  1   2   3     1   9   1  1   3   1   1    DIFF 1.0  0.5 5.0 35.5                          1.0   6.0 0.1 2.0                                           3.0 1.3 4.0 4.0    PROB .086*              .418    .191                          .000#     .799       .184__________________________________________________________________________ * = 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG 
    
     
                                           TABLE 3E__________________________________________________________________________PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA__________________________________________________________________________            VARIETY #1 - PHJ65            VARIETY #2 - PHP60            BU    BU    YLD         EAR  BAR  PLT   EAR      VAR   ACR   ACR   SC    MST   SZ   PLT  HT    HTYEAR REGION      #     ABS   % MN  ABS   ABS   ABS  ABS  ABS   ABS__________________________________________________________________________TOTAL      1     30.4  51    3.7   24.4  5.1  51.5 87.3  34.2SUM        2     90.9  144   6.0   21.9  5.9  87.6 75.3  30.0      LOCS  8     8     13    8     12   3    10    10      DIFF  60.6  93    2.3   2.6   0.8  36.1 12.1  4.2      PROB  .000# .000# .000# .024+ .201 .261 .025+ .057*__________________________________________________________________________              SDG   EST TIL  GDU   GDU   POL   TAS   TEX         VAR  VGR   CNT LER  SHD   SLK   SC    SZ    EARYEAR    REGION         #    ABS   ABS ABS  ABS   ABS   ABS   ABS   ABS__________________________________________________________________________TOTAL SUM     1    5.2   38.1                        0.8  166.1 170.8 7.7   7.5    6.9         2    4.3   37.3                        19.8 159.7 163.3 5.3   4.2   7.3         LOCS 17    16  5    26    25    3     17    8         DIFF 0.9   0.8 19.0 6.4   7.5   2.3   3.3   0.4         PROB .015+ .675                        .324 .000# .000# .020+ .000# .197__________________________________________________________________________           TST   GRN SCT   STA  RT   COM COM EAR  GLF SLF      VAR  WT    QUL GRN   GRN  LDG  RST SMT MLD  SPT BLTYEAR REGION      #    ABS   ABS ABS   ABS  ABS  ABS ABS ABS  ABS ABS__________________________________________________________________________TOTAL      1    54.6  7.5 4.9   6.1  61.7 3.7 10.0                                             6.8  6.0 6.8SUM        2    57.2  7.8 6.0   6.2  83.1 4.7 0.0 5.9  5.0 6.0      LOCS 8     2   12    18   3    3   1   13   1   4      DIFF 2.6   0.3 1.1   0.1  21.4 1.0 10.0                                             0.9  1.0 0.8      PROB .001# .910                     .030+ .867 .147 .423    .089*    .215__________________________________________________________________________                                              STW ECB  ECB                                         VAR  WLT 1LF  2SC                           YEAR    REGION                                         #    ABS ABS  ABS__________________________________________________________________________                           TOTAL SUM     1    6.5 3.4  3.0                                         2    7.5 2.8  5.0                                         LOCS 2   5    1                                         DIFF 1.0 0.6  2.0                                         PROB .500                                                  .070*__________________________________________________________________________ * = 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG 
    
     
                                           TABLE 3F__________________________________________________________________________PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA__________________________________________________________________________           VARIETY #1 - PHJ65           VARIETY #2 - PHJ31/PHM57           BU    BU    YLD        EAR   PLT EAR  SDG EST      VAR  ACR   ACR   SC    MST  SZ    HT  HT   VGR CNTYEAR REGION      #    ABS   % MN  ABS   ABS  ABS   ABS ABS  ABS ABS__________________________________________________________________________TOTAL      1    28.2  51    4.5   24.1 4.8   89.5                                            33.6 5.4 32.6SUM        2    130.4 240   8.3   24.7 8.6   86.5                                            35.5 6.4 34.2      LOCS 4     4     6     4    5     4   4    9   8      DIFF 102.2 189   3.8   0.5  3.8   3.0 1.9  1.0 1.6      PROB .012+ .015+ .018+ .666 .012+ .416                                            .659 .147                                                     .601__________________________________________________________________________           TIL GDU   GDU   POL TAS TEX TST GRN SCT  STA      VAR  LER SHD   SLK   SC  SZ  EAR WT  QUL GRN  GRNYEAR REGION      #    ABS ABS   ABS   ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS  ABS__________________________________________________________________________TOTAL      1    0.0 165.6 171.6 7.5 6.9 7.0 55.3                                           7.8 5.4  5.5SUM        2    9.1 160.3 165.7 9.0 7.3 7.3 56.0                                           8.3 7.6  8.3      LOCS 3   15    15    2   9   6   4   2   5    12      DIFF 9.1 5.3   5.9   1.5 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.5 2.2  2.8      PROB .184               .001# .000# .205                               .272                                   .175                                       .541                                           .500                                               .074*                                                    .000#__________________________________________________________________________                             STK RT  COM EAR   SLF                                                  STW ECB                         VAR LDG LDG RST MLD   BLT                                                  WLT 1LF           YEAR    REGION                         #   ABS ABS ABS ABS   ABS                                                  ABS ABS__________________________________________________________________________           TOTAL         1   98.9                                 76.8                                     3.7 6.6   6.0                                                  6.5 3.5           SUM           2   95.6                                 88.9                                     4.7 8.4   7.0                                                  8.5 7.0                         LOCS                             2   4   3   7     1  2   2                         DIFF                             3.2 12.1                                     1.0 1.9   1.0                                                  2.0 3.5                         PROB                             .662                                 .264                                     .225                                         .032+    .500                                                      .258__________________________________________________________________________ * = 10% SIG + = 5% SIG # = 1% SIG 
    
     
                                           TABLE 4A__________________________________________________________________________AVERAGE INBRED BY TESTER PERFORMANCE COMPARING PHJ65 TO PHJ31/PHM57CROSSED TO THE SAMEINBRED TESTERS AND GROWN IN THE SAME EXPERIMENTS. ALL VALUES AREEXPRESSED AS PERCENT OFTHE EXPERIMENT MEAN EXCEPT PREDICTED RM, SELECTION INDEX, AND YIELD(BU/AC).              SEL                 BU        STK RT  STA TST GRN STK PLT                                                      EAR  INBRED  PRM IND                 ACR                    YLD                       MST LDG LDG GRN WTA QUL CNT HT HTTOTAL  REPLIC. 8   8  8  8  8   6   8   8   8   87  8   4  4__________________________________________________________________________MEAN WTS  PHJ65   127 103                 128                    100                        95 101 105 114 102 106 102 107                                                      101MEAN WTS  PHJ31/PHM57          132 102                 130                    101                       102 101 94  107 101 104  98 101                                                      101  DIFF.    5   1  2  1  7   0  11   7   1   1   3   6  1__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     
                                           TABLE 4B__________________________________________________________________________AVERAGE INBRED BY TESTER PREFORMANCE COMPARING PHJ65 TO PHP60 CROSSED TOTHE SAMEINBRED TESTERS AND GROWN IN THE SAME EXPERIMENTS. ALL VALUES AREEXPRESSED AS PERCENT OFTHE EXPERIMENT MEAN EXCEPT PREDICTED RM, SELECTION INDEX, AND YIELD(BU/AC).__________________________________________________________________________            SEL               BU         GDU PRM STK RT  STA TST GRN SDG  INBRED        PRM IND               ACR                  YLD MST SHD SHD LDG LDG GRN WTA QUL VGRTOTAL  REPLIC.        57  59 59 59  59  2   11  45  30  50  59  33  12__________________________________________________________________________MEAN WTS  PHJ65 131 103               147                   99 101 106 135 108 93  115 99  92  104MEAN WTS  PHP60 129 100               149                  100  98 104 133 97  99  108 101 103 96  DIFF.  2   2  2  1   3   1   2  11   6   7   2  11   9__________________________________________________________________________                                           EST                                              STK                                                 PLT                                                    EAR                                                       DRP                                     INBRED                                           CNT                                              CNT                                                 HT HT EAR                              TOTAL  REPLIC.                                           17 62 32 32 5__________________________________________________________________________                              MEAN WTS                                     PHJ65 98 98 100                                                    98 100                              MEAN WTS                                     PHP60 97 100                                                 97 98 100                                     DIFF.  1  1  3  0__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     DEPOSITS 
     Applicants have made available to the public without restriction a deposit of at least 2500 seeds of inbred PHJ65 with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Rockville, Md. 20852 USA, ATCC Deposit No. 75425. The seeds deposited with the ATCC are taken from the same deposit maintained by Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., 700 Capital Square, 400 Locust Street, Des Moines, Iowa 50309 since prior to the filing date of this application. This deposit of the Inbred Corn Line PHJ65 will be maintained without restriction in the ATCC depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or for the effective life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced if it becomes nonviable during that period.