Abstract:
A process of forming the wall of the mouth of a cylindrical, metal container or packaging from a tubular ring that may or may not be molded that has to accommodate a sealing lid equipped with an elastic seal secured by a vacuum created in the container is characterized essentially by the use of a single element, the head carrying out the deformation of the internal diameter of the container by expansion to produce a bead together and simultaneously with a contraction that produces shrinkage above the bead of the mouth, the head comprising an expansible stationary part and a moving part that turns around the stationary part, the parts of the head being coaxial, which has the effect of compressing the metal and hardening it by organizing the metal molecules under two simultaneous stresses, which hardens the packaging and allows it to withstand the vacuum applied thereto.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to a process for forming the wall of the mouth of a metal container or packaging and the device for this purpose and the packaging or container obtained. 
     The packaging, according to the invention, is produced from a tubular ring that may or may not be molded to improve its strength. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART 
     The packaging or container in question is of the type that should accommodate a lid equipped with an elastic seal and secured by the vacuum created in the pre-filled container, at the top of said container, with said vacuum being able to be obtained according to the technology defined according to the patents or patent applications previously filed by the company 
     SODETECH: 
     
         
         
           
             N° 01.11155/2,829,106 of Aug. 28, 2001 for: “process and device for the vacuum sealing of a container for foodstuffs;” 
             N° 09.00966/2,942,618 of Mar. 2, 2009 for: “process and installation for continuous vacuum packaging of food products;” 
             N° 10.00602 of Feb. 12, 2010 for “steam and cold water injection head for carrying out continuous vacuum packaging of food products.” 
           
         
       
    
     These references illustrate the research conducted by the applicant company in the use of a deep vacuum both to facilitate sterilization while preserving as much as possible the natural organoleptic qualities of the products as well as to facilitate sealing by the lid. 
     The concept of deep vacuum is variable on the order of 900 mb (nine hundred millibars) at the temperature of four degrees Centigrade. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     To this end, this invention relates to both the process for forming the wall of the mouth of the container and the container obtained and the device for this purpose. 
     The process, according to the invention, of forming the wall of the mouth of a cylindrical, metal container or packaging from a tubular ring that may or may not be molded that has to accommodate a sealing lid equipped with an elastic seal secured by a vacuum created in the container is characterized essentially by the use of a single element, the head carrying out the deformation of the internal diameter of the container by expansion to produce a bead together and simultaneously with a contraction that produces shrinkage above the bead of the mouth, the head comprising an expansible stationary part and a moving part that turns around the stationary part, said parts of the head being coaxial, which has the effect of compressing the metal and hardening it by organizing the metal molecules under two simultaneous stresses, which hardens the packaging and allows it to withstand the vacuum that is applied to it. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES 
       Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge from reading the description below of an embodiment of the invention given by way of nonlimiting example and illustrated by the attached drawings in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a view of the container made after implementing the process according to the invention, 
         FIGS. 2 ,  3 ,  4 ,  5 , and  6  are views of the device used to carry out the first phase of the operation, namely the expansion together with the shrinkage of the mouth and the flange, 
         FIG. 7 , the drawing on page  6 , is a view of the container or packaging as obtained after the first phase, 
         FIGS. 8 ,  9  and  10  depict the device to implement the second phase of the invention that makes it possible to obtain the product shown in  FIG. 1 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The container or packaging obtained after the process is implemented according to the invention as shown in  FIG. 1  is carried out starting with a cylindrical metal ring  1  that is ductile or considered to be malleable (single laminate metal), which may or may not be molded and that has at its base a crimped lid  2  ( FIG. 1 ). The base of the ring may or may not be equipped with an extension cone  3  ( FIG. 1 ). 
     The diameter of the extension cone  3  can be, for example, 157 millimeters. 
     The metal of the ring can originally have, for example, a hardness of 57 on the Rockwell scale and a thickness that can be, for example, 0.27 hundredth of a millimeter. 
     At its opening or mouth  4  ( FIG. 1 ), the container exhibits successively from bottom to top a collar or reinforcing annular boss  5  ( FIG. 1 ), then an annular shrinkage  6  ( FIG. 1 ) and a rolled flange  7  ( FIG. 1 ) that accommodates a lid  8  ( FIG. 1 ), the internal circumference of which is equipped with a flexible seal  9  ( FIG. 1 ) that is flattened on the rolled flange  7  ( FIG. 1 ) under the action of the vacuum produced in the packaging according to any known technique and preferably according to the technology described in the preceding patents of the company SODETECH on this subject. 
     The creation of the bead by expansion can, for example, bring the internal diameter at the bead to 157 millimeters. The annular shrinkage  6  can, for example, produce an internal diameter of the opening of the can of 145 millimeters. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a general view of the device for implementing the first operation to carry out on the packaging, i.e., a deformation by expansion of its internal diameter at the opening or mouth to create a bead under the latter and a simultaneous operation of contraction of its upper diameter as well as the production of an extending peripheral flange. 
     For this purpose, the device comprises, on a rotary element  10  ( FIG. 2 ), a magnetic plate  11  ( FIG. 2 ) that can move from top to bottom by any known means. 
     The magnetic plate  11  ( FIG. 2 ) receives the packaging and raises it towards the shaping head  12  ( FIG. 2 ) that is depicted in greater detail in  FIGS. 3 ,  4 ,  5 , and  6 . 
     The head  12  ( FIG. 2 ) is a head that carries out jointly and simultaneously the deformation of the internal diameter by expansion to produce the bead or annular boss  5  ( FIG. 1 ) and a contraction operation  6  ( FIG. 1 ) above the bead  5  ( FIG. 1 ) and at the mouth or opening  4  ( FIG. 1 ) of the can. 
     The head  12  ( FIG. 2 ) comprises two essential components, a stationary part  13  ( FIG. 3 ) and a moving part  14  ( FIG. 3 ), which turns around part  13  ( FIG. 3 ). Part  13  ( FIG. 3 ) is illustrated in greater detail in  FIG. 5 . 
     It comprises a matrix  15  ( FIG. 3 ) through which a dual shaft passes, one  16  ( FIG. 3 ) being coaxial to the other  17  ( FIG. 3 ). 
     The shaft, which moves from bottom to top and conversely, controls the outward positioning or the retraction of the elements producing the expansion consisting of the bead  5  ( FIG. 1 ). 
     These elements consist of a disk divided into sectors  18  ( FIG. 6 ) supported by a plate  19  ( FIG. 6 ) on which they slide from the center towards the periphery and therefore project outward. 
     To facilitate understanding,  FIG. 6  shows a single one of the sectors  20  expanding, but it is clear that their expansion as illustrated in  FIG. 5  is simultaneous after introduction of the packaging around the base of the matrix while they are in a retracted position on the plate  19  ( FIG. 5 ). 
     The expansion of the sectors  18 / 20  ( FIG. 6 ) keeps the container in position together with the operation of contracting its neck. 
     Each sector  18  ( FIG. 6 ) is equipped with an oblong, axial slot  21  ( FIG. 6 ) that works with a guide  22  ( FIG. 6 ), which makes its extraction or retraction possible. 
     A male cone  23  ( FIG. 5 ) is mounted axially to the stationary matrix  13  ( FIG. 5 ) and controlled in upward and downward movement by the internal shaft  17  ( FIG. 3 ). This male cone  23  acts by lowering and pushing on an intermediate part forming a female cone  24  ( FIG. 5 ), consisting of multiple sections, and actually as many as the sector  20  ( FIG. 5 ), of which the vertical back  24  ( FIG. 5 ) of each of said sections acts by pushing on a corresponding sector  20  ( FIG. 5 ) to put said sector into extraction position in such a way that all of the sectors being extracted can cause expansion of the diameter of the packaging to produce the bead or annular boss  5  ( FIG. 1 ). 
     Under the intermediate part  24  ( FIG. 5 ), a female cone  25  ( FIG. 5 ) is located at the end of the moving shaft  17  ( FIG. 3 ) whose inclined walls in contact with the corresponding, additional walls of the part  24  ( FIG. 5 ) make possible, by moving the cone  25  ( FIG. 5 ) upwards, its withdrawal towards the central axis and the retraction of the sectors  20  ( FIG. 5 ). 
     A stationary crown  26  ( FIG. 5 ) is mounted annularly to the matrix  13  ( FIG. 3 ) above the sectors  20  ( FIG. 5 ), and said crown, during extension of the sectors  20  ( FIG. 5 ), is set back from the latter. Said crown  26  ( FIG. 5 ) has a vertical lower portion  27  ( FIG. 5 ) that corresponds to the shrinkage  6  ( FIG. 1 ) of the neck or mouth of the container and an upper portion  28  ( FIG. 5 ) inclined outwards that corresponds to the production of the annular flange  7  ( FIG. 7 ) that will subsequently be rolled. 
     The moving part  14  ( FIGS. 3-4 ) that turns around the stationary part  13  ( FIG. 3 ) comprises two rollers  29  ( FIGS. 3 and 4 ) actuated while drawing near to the neck of the packaging and that, simultaneously with the expansion of the boss  5  ( FIG. 1 ), produce, in cooperation with the crown  26  ( FIG. 5 ), the shrinkage  6  ( FIG. 1 ) and the peripheral flange  7  ( FIG. 7 ) that will be turned down and rolled. The packaging at the end of this first operation is depicted in  FIG. 7 . 
     In  FIG. 3 , one of the rollers  29  ( FIGS. 3 and 4 ) is depicted in position and the other at a distance as seen in the detail of  FIG. 4 . This representation is designed to facilitate understanding of the operation. 
     By withdrawal of the sectors  20  ( FIG. 5 ), the packaging will be released and brought by the magnetic plate  11  ( FIG. 2 ) towards the production station of the second operation of the process according to the invention, i.e., the flattening of the peripheral flange of the opening or the neck of the packaging and its rolling that, as depicted in  FIG. 1 , can serve as a support for the lid. 
     The device that makes it possible to carry out this second operation is depicted in  FIGS. 8 ,  9  and  10 . 
     The essential elements of this rotary device are the following:
         Radial rollers  30  ( FIG. 9 ) that are used to flatten the flange of the neck of the packaging, which, as shown  7  ( FIG. 7 ), is in an inclined position at the end of the first operation;   Adjusting knobs  31  ( FIGS. 9 and 10 ) that can move towards the container, each having an annular groove  32  ( FIG. 10 ) that turns down the flange, as shown in detail in  FIGS. 9 and 10 , which ultimately produces the rolled flange  7  ( FIG. 1 ).       

     The result of these two operations is, for the first, synchronized expansion-contraction to compress the metal and harden it by organizing the metal molecules under two simultaneous stresses while limiting disorders that might result from an expansion operation alone and especially from a contraction operation alone. 
     The second operation in rolling the flange makes it possible to accommodate the lid equipped with its seal. 
     Reinforcement of the packaging or can by the hardening operation as explained allows the packaging to accept, without deformation, sterilization under extremely rapid deep vacuum. This makes it possible to obtain a canned product of better quality than a deep-frozen product. Having the product under vacuum makes it possible to use very little liquid in the packaging, and to increase the quantity of product contained, for example, to go from 1.5 kilograms to 1.8 kilograms, without degradation of the product. 
     The tests performed would show that in the case of canning olives, according to the technique of the invention, the result would produce the equivalent of fresh olives, the negligible quantity of water in the packaging preventing organoleptic degradations of the product. 
     The deep vacuum in the packaging on the order of 900 mb (nine hundred millibars) practically eliminates any oxidation of the product and preserves the vitamins and all the natural components that are soluble in the water of the canned product. 
     The canned product equals the steam-cooked fresh product. 
     The difference obtained from the standpoint of quality of the product is due to the fact that the invention allows us to reduce the liquid in the packaging (the can) to the utmost minimum and that the deep vacuum allows for the transmission of heat to carry out sterilization by the evaporation-condensation technique in which the rapidity of exchange allows us to obtain sterilization by cooking the product very little. This is unlike the current system of heat transmission by conduction, which makes it necessary to overcook in order to sterilize.