Abstract:
A semiconductor device according to the present invention includes a first semiconductor chip having a semiconductor substrate area and a transistor forming area, at least one first electrode formed on the periphery of the semiconductor substrate area, at least one second electrode formed on the periphery of the transistor forming area, a second semiconductor chip mounted on the semiconductor substrate area of the first semiconductor chip, at least one third electrode formed on the second semiconductor chip, a plurality of leads disposed around the first semiconductor chip, at least one first metal wire which connects the first electrode of the first semiconductor chip and the third electrode of the second semiconductor chip, at least one second metal wire which connects the second electrode of the first semiconductor chip and each of the leads, and an encapsulating resin for sealing the first and second semiconductor chips, the first and second metal wires and some of the leads.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0002]    The present invention relates to a semiconductor device wherein a plurality of semiconductor chips are stacked on one another and sealed with a resin. “This application is a counterpart application of Japanese Application Serial Number 258788/2000, filed Aug. 29, 2000, the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference.” 
           [0003]    2. Description of the Related Art  
           [0004]    A semiconductor device of a type wherein a plurality of laminated semiconductor elements are sealed with a resin, has heretofore been called a “Multi Chip Package (MCP)”. One example of a sectional structure of the MCP is shown in FIG. 4. In FIG. 4, an MCP  400  has such a structure as described below. A first semiconductor chip  403  is placed on a die pad  401  as a base chip. A second semiconductor chip  405  smaller than the first semiconductor chip  403  is placed over the first semiconductor chip  403  with an adhesive resin  404  interposed there between. Electrodes of the second semiconductor chip  405  are connected to the first semiconductor chip  403  by bonding wires  409 . Electrodes of the first semiconductor chip  403  are connected to their corresponding leads  402  by bonding wires  410 . Further, the first and second semiconductor chips  403  and  405 , the bonding wires  409  and  410 , the die pad  401  and some of the leads  402  are sealed with an encapsulating resin  408 .  
           [0005]    Thus, in the semiconductor device wherein the plurality of semiconductor chips are vertically stacked on one another inside one package, the use of materials high in dissipation as those for the encapsulating resin  408  constituting the package and the die pad  401  has been considered as measures against the radiation of the MCP with a view toward controlling a mutual adverse effect on the first and second semiconductor chips  403  and  405  due to heat generated therefrom during operation thereof.  
           [0006]    However, such an MCP as described above has a possibility that when power used up or consumed by the first and second semiconductor chips  403  and  405  increase even if the countermeasures against the radiation have been taken by using the materials for the encapsulating resin constituting the package and the die pad as those high in dissipation, the semiconductor chips per se will malfunction due to their self-heating, thereby degrading the reliability of their functions.  
           [0007]    Thus, control of a rise in surface temperature of each of the semiconductor chips per se due to self-heating of the semiconductor chips placed inside the package has been desirable for the MCP referred to above.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0008]    An object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device capable of controlling a rise in temperature, which occurs inside a package due to heat (self-heating) radiated from a semiconductor chip.  
           [0009]    In order to achieve the above object, a semiconductor device according to the present invention comprises a first semiconductor chip having a semiconductor substrate area and a transistor forming area, at least one first electrode formed on the periphery of the semiconductor substrate area, at least one second electrode formed on the periphery of the transistor forming area, a second semiconductor chip mounted on the semiconductor substrate area of the first semiconductor chip, at least one third electrode formed on the second semiconductor chip, a plurality of leads disposed around the first semiconductor chip, at least one first metal wire which connects the first electrode of the first semiconductor chip and the third electrode of the second semiconductor chip, at least one second metal wire which connects the second electrode of the first semiconductor chip and each of the leads, and an encapsulating resin for sealing the first and second semiconductor chips, the first and second metal wires and some of the leads.  
           [0010]    Further, in order to achieve the above object, another semiconductor device according to the present invention comprises a first semiconductor chip having a first area and a second area which surrounds the first area, at least one first electrode formed on the periphery of the first area, at least one second electrode formed on the periphery of the second area, a second semiconductor chip mounted on the first area of the first semiconductor chip, at least one third electrode formed on the second semiconductor chip, a plurality of leads disposed around the first semiconductor chip, at least one first metal wire which connects the first electrode of the first semiconductor chip and the third electrode of the second semiconductor chip, at least one second metal wire which connects the second electrode of the first semiconductor chip and each of the leads, and an encapsulating resin for sealing the first and second semiconductor chips, the first and second metal wires and some of the leads. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0011]    While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which is regarded as the invention, it is believed that the invention, the objects and features of the invention and further objects, features and advantages thereof will be better understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:  
         [0012]    [0012]FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor device according to each of first and second embodiments of the present invention;  
         [0013]    [0013]FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 3 is a plan view depicting the semiconductor device according to the second embodiment of the present invention; and  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional semiconductor device. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0016]    Preferred embodiments of the present invention will hereinafter be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.  
         [0017]    A plan view of a semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. Plan views of an upper semiconductor chip and a lower semiconductor chip stacked on each other, which are employed in the first embodiment of the present invention, are respectively shown in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 1, a lower semiconductor chip  103  is mounted over a die pad  101  with an adhesive layer  104  interposed there between. As shown in FIG. 2 here, for example, a substantially central area of the lower semiconductor chip  103  serves as a semiconductor substrate area  111  with no MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor formed therein. A peripheral area  112  of the semiconductor substrate area  111  serves as an area in which a MOS transistor is formed. An upper semiconductor chip  105  is placed over the semiconductor substrate area  111  of the lower semiconductor chip  103 , i.e., an area of the lower semiconductor chip  103 , which is free of the formation of elements which generate heat upon operation of the MOS transistor or the like, with an adhesive layer  104  interposed there between. The die pad  101 , lower semiconductor chip  103  and upper semiconductor chip  105  are sealed with an encapsulating resin  108 . A plurality of electrode pads  106 , each of which is supplied with an input signal, a source potential or a ground potential, or outputs an output signal therefrom, are formed on the surface of the upper semiconductor chip  105  along the periphery of the upper semiconductor chip  105 .  
         [0018]    On the other hand, a plurality of electrode pads  107 A are formed on the peripheral area  112  along the periphery of the semiconductor substrate area  111  of the lower semiconductor chip  103  so as to be electrically connected to the upper semiconductor chip  105 . A plurality of electrode pads  107 B are formed on the peripheral area  112  of the lower semiconductor chip  103  along the outer periphery of the peripheral area  112  of the lower semiconductor chip  103  so that the lower semiconductor chip  103  or the upper semiconductor chip  105  and leads  102  are electrically connected to one another.  
         [0019]    As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of electrodes  106  of the upper semiconductor chip  105  and a plurality of electrodes  107 A of the lower semiconductor chip  103  are electrically connected to one another by metal wires  109 . The plurality of electrode pads  107 B of the lower semiconductor chip  103  and the plurality of leads are electrically connected to one another by metal wires  110 . Thus, signals inputted from the outside of the semiconductor device  100  are respectively transmitted to the lower semiconductor chip  103  through the metal wires  110 . After the input signals have been inputted to the lower semiconductor chip  103 , they are transmitted to the upper semiconductor chip  105  through the MOS transistor, electrode pads  107 A and metal wires  109  formed on the peripheral area  112  of the lower semiconductor chip  103 . On the other hand, signals outputted from the lower semiconductor chip  103  to the outside of the semiconductor device  100  are transmitted via the metal wires  110  and the leads  102 , whereas signals outputted from the upper semiconductor chip  105  to the outside of the semiconductor device  100  are respectively transmitted via the metal wires  109 , the MOS transistor, electrode pads  107 B, and metal wires  110  formed on the peripheral area  112  of the lower semiconductor chip  103 , and the leads  102 .  
         [0020]    Now, the electrode pads  106  of the upper semiconductor chip  105  and the electrode pads  107 B of the lower semiconductor chip  103  may electrically be connected to one another by their corresponding metal wires. The electrode pads  107 B of the lower semiconductor chip  103  and the leads  102  may electrically be connected to one another by their corresponding metal wires  110 . As compared with the case in which the electrode pads  106  of the upper semiconductor chip  105  are directly connected to their corresponding leads  102  by means of the metal wires, such connections as described above make it possible to lower the possibility that when the lower semiconductor chip  103  and the upper semiconductor chip  105  are sealed with the encapsulating resin  108 , the metal wires will be caused to flow, thereby contacting adjacent metal wires.  
         [0021]    If the semiconductor substrate area  111  of the lower semiconductor chip  103  and the upper semiconductor chip  105  are supposed to be substantially identical to each other in the above-described semiconductor device, then the curvature of each of the metal wires  109  for electrically connecting the lower semiconductor chip  103  and the upper semiconductor chip  105  increases, thus resulting in an increase in stress applied to the metal wire  109 , thereby causing the potential for breaking of each wire. In the semiconductor device according to the present invention, however, the semiconductor substrate area  111  of the lower semiconductor chip  103  serves as an area slightly larger than the upper semiconductor chip  105  mounted thereon. It is therefore possible to restrain stress applied to the metal wires  109  which connect between the plurality of electrode pads  106  of the upper semiconductor chip  105  and the plurality of electrode pads  107 A of the lower semiconductor chip  103 .  
         [0022]    According to the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention as described above, the upper semiconductor chip  105  mounted over the lower semiconductor chip  103  is placed on the semiconductor substrate area  111  of the lower semiconductor chip  103 , i.e., the area free-of the formation of the elements accompanied with the heat generated upon operation of the MOS transistor and the like in the semiconductor device wherein the two semiconductor chips are stacked on each other. Therefore, the transfer of heat from the upper semiconductor chip  105  to the lower semiconductor chip  103  or vice versa is restrained upon the operation of the semiconductor device. As a result, a rise in temperature inside the semiconductor device at its operation can effectively be restrained.  
         [0023]    A plan view of a semiconductor device according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 3. A cross-sectional view illustrative of an upper semiconductor chip and a lower semiconductor chip stacked on each other, which are employed in the second embodiment of the present invention, is similar to that illustrative of the upper semiconductor chip and the lower semiconductor chip employed in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1. The second embodiment is effective for the manufacture of a microcontroller used as a flash ROM (Read Only Memory) version in particular.  
         [0024]    As shown in FIG. 1, a lower semiconductor chip  103  is mounted over a die pad  101  with an adhesive layer  104  interposed there between. The lower semiconductor chip  103  functions as a microcontroller used as a mask ROM version. In the lower semiconductor chip  103  as shown in FIG. 3, a transistor having the function of a mask ROM is formed in a substantially central area  311  thereof, for example, and a MOS transistor for serving as the microcontroller, is formed in a peripheral area  112  of a semiconductor substrate area  311 . An upper semiconductor chip  105  having a function of a flash memory is placed over the central area  311  of the lower semiconductor chip  103 , i.e., a mask ROM-formed area of the lower semiconductor chip  103  with an adhesive layer  104  interposed there between.  
         [0025]    The die pad  101 , lower semiconductor chip  103  and upper semiconductor chip  105  are sealed with an encapsulating resin  108 . A plurality of electrode pads  106 , each of which is supplied with an input signal, a source potential or a ground potential, or outputs an output signal therefrom, are formed on the surface of the upper semiconductor chip  105  along the periphery of the upper semiconductor chip  105 .  
         [0026]    On the other hand, a plurality of electrode pads  107 A are formed on the peripheral area  112  along the periphery of the central area  311  of the lower semiconductor chip  103  so as to be electrically connected to the upper semiconductor chip  105 . A plurality of electrode pads  107 B are formed on the peripheral area  112  of the lower semiconductor chip  103  along the outer periphery of the peripheral area  112  thereof so that the lower semiconductor chip  103  or the upper semiconductor chip  105  and leads  102  are electrically connected to one another.  
         [0027]    As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of electrodes  106  of the upper semiconductor chip  105  and a plurality of electrodes  107 A of the lower semiconductor chip  103  are electrically connected to one another by metal wires  109 . The plurality of electrode pads  107 B of the lower semiconductor chip  103  and the plurality of leads are electrically connected to one another by metal wires  110 . Thus, signals inputted from the outside of the semiconductor device  100  are respectively transmitted to the lower semiconductor chip  103  through the metal wires  110 . After the input signals have been inputted to the lower semiconductor chip  103 , they are transmitted to the upper semiconductor chip  105  through the MOS transistor, electrode pads  107 A and metal wires  109  formed on the peripheral area  112  of the lower semiconductor chip  103 . On the other hand, signals outputted from the lower semiconductor chip  103  to the outside of the semiconductor device  100  are transmitted via the metal wires  110  and the leads  102 , whereas signals outputted from the upper semiconductor chip  105  to the outside of the semiconductor device  100  are respectively transmitted via the metal wires  109 , the MOS transistor, electrode pads  107 B and metal wires  110  formed on the peripheral area  112  of the lower semiconductor chip  103 , and the leads  102 .  
         [0028]    Now, the electrode pads  106  of the upper semiconductor chip  105  and the electrode pads  107 B of the lower semiconductor chip  103  may electrically be connected to one another by their corresponding metal wires. The electrode pads  107 B of the lower semiconductor chip  103  and the leads  102  may electrically be connected to one another by their corresponding metal wires  110 . As compared with the case in which the electrode pads  106  of the upper semiconductor chip  105  are directly connected to their corresponding leads  102  by means of the metal wires, such connections as described above make it possible to lower the possibility that when the lower semiconductor chip  103  and the upper semiconductor chip  105  are sealed with the encapsulating resin  108 , the metal wires will be caused to flow, thereby contacting adjacent metal wires.  
         [0029]    If the central area  311  of the lower semiconductor chip  103  and the upper semiconductor chip  105  are supposed to be substantially identical to each other in the above-described semiconductor device, then the curvature of each of the metal wires  109  for electrically connecting the lower semiconductor chip  103  and the upper semiconductor chip  105  increases, thus resulting in an increase in stress applied to the metal wire  109 , thereby causing the potential for breaking of each wire. In the semiconductor device according to the present invention, however, the central area  311  of the lower semiconductor chip  103  serves as an area slightly larger than the upper semiconductor chip  105  mounted thereon. It is therefore possible to restrain stress applied to the metal wires  109  which connect between the plurality of electrode pads  106  of the upper semiconductor chip  105  and the plurality of electrode pads  107 A of the lower semiconductor chip  103 .  
         [0030]    According to the semiconductor device according to the second embodiment of the present invention as described above, the upper semiconductor chip  105  having the function of the flash memory, which is mounted over the lower semiconductor chip  103 , is placed on the central area  311  of the lower semiconductor chip  103 , i.e., the area in which the mask ROM is formed, in the semiconductor device wherein the two semiconductor chips are stacked on each other. Therefore, a flash ROM-version type microcontroller can be implemented which is capable of retraining or controlling the influence of the transfer of heat from the lower semiconductor chip to the upper semiconductor chip.  
         [0031]    While the present invention has been described with reference to the illustrative embodiments, this description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Various modifications of the illustrative embodiments, as well as other embodiments of the invention, will be apparent to those skilled in the art on reference to this description. It is therefore contemplated that the appended claims will cover any such modifications or embodiments as fall within the true scope of the invention.