Abstract:
Methodologies enabling BEoL VNCAPs in ICs and resulting devices are disclosed. Embodiments include: providing a plurality of mandrel recesses extending horizontally on a substrate, each of the mandrel recesses having an identical width and being separated from another one of the mandrel recesses by an identical distance; providing a plurality of routes, each of the plurality of routes being positioned in a different one of the mandrel recesses; and providing first and second vertical segments on the substrate, the first vertical segment being connected to a set of the plurality of routes and separated from the second vertical segment, and the second vertical segment being separated from the set of routes.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to manufacture of semiconductor devices. The present disclosure is particularly applicable for integrating back-end of line (BEoL) vertical natural capacitors (VNCAPs) into integrated circuits (ICs) utilizing SADP technology. 
     BACKGROUND 
     In fabrication of semiconductor devices, BEoL VNCAPs frequently offer higher capacitance density and lower cost over other technologies such as metal-insulator-metal (MIM) planar capacitors. Initially, traditional BEoL VNCAP designs utilized litho-etch (LE) processes for a 45 to 90 nanometer (nm) technology node. Next, traditional BEoL VNCAP designs utilized litho-etch-litho-etch (LELE) processes for a 45-28 nm technology node. However, to allow for even smaller technology nodes, traditional litho-etch-litho-etch-litho-etch (LELELE) processes may increase cost and manufacturing risk while reducing a yield of resulting devices, particularly for a 10 nm technology node and beyond. 
     A need therefore exists for a methodology enabling incorporation of BEoL VNCAPs in ICs, particularly, for the 10 nm technology node and beyond, and a resulting device. 
     SUMMARY 
     An aspect of the present disclosure is a method of enabling integration of capacitor components in an IC by, inter alia, providing a set of routes (e.g., patterns) in mandrel recesses connected to a first vertical segment (e.g., strap) and separated from a second vertical segment (e.g., strap). 
     Another aspect of the present disclosure is a device having, inter alia, a plurality of third routes (e.g., floating fingers) separated from first and second nets, each of the third routes extending horizontally on one of equally spaced vertical positions and separating one route of a first net from one route of a second net (e.g., interdigitated). 
     Additional aspects and other features of the present disclosure will be set forth in the description which follows and in part will be apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from the practice of the present disclosure. The advantages of the present disclosure may be realized and obtained as particularly pointed out in the appended claims. 
     According to the present disclosure, some technical effects may be achieved in part by a method including: providing a plurality of mandrel recesses extending horizontally on a substrate, each of the mandrel recesses having an identical width and being separated from another one of the mandrel recesses by an identical distance; providing a plurality of routes, each of the plurality of routes being positioned in a different one of the mandrel recesses; and providing first and second vertical segments on the substrate, the first vertical segment being connected to a set of the plurality of routes and separated from the second vertical segment, and the second vertical segment being separated from the set of routes. 
     Aspects include providing a plurality of second routes in a plurality of non-mandrel recesses extending horizontally on the substrate and separated from the first vertical segment, each of the non-mandrel recesses being positioned on a midpoint between two adjacent mandrel recesses of the mandrel recesses and having the identical width. Additional aspects include: providing the second routes abutting the second vertical segment and separated from the first set of routes; and providing the second vertical segment in a non-mandrel region. Some aspects include: providing a mandrel region partially surrounding the second vertical segment; providing a block mask over the mandrel region, the block mask being separated from the second vertical segment; and etching, after providing the block mask, the block mask preventing etching of a covered portion of the mandrel region. Further aspects include: providing the second vertical segment in a mandrel region and abutting a second set of the first routes, each route of the second set being separated from a route of the first set by one route of the second routes; and providing the second routes separated from the second vertical segment. Additional aspects include: providing a mandrel region including first and second vertical portions overlapping the first and second vertical segments, respectively, and a plurality of horizontal portions overlapping the mandrel recesses, each of the horizontal portions abutting the first and second vertical segments, having a width equal to the identical width, and being separated from another one of the horizontal portions the identical distance; providing a block mask including a plurality of alternating third and fourth vertical portions on the horizontal portions, the third and fourth vertical portions abutting the second and first vertical segments, respectively; and etching, after providing the block mask, the block mask preventing etching of a covered portion of the mandrel region. Some aspects include a method, wherein the second vertical segment is connected to a second set of the first routes and separated from routes of the first set, the method further including: providing a mandrel region including first and second vertical portions overlapping the first and second vertical segments, respectively, and a plurality of first horizontal portions overlapping the mandrel recesses, each of the first horizontal portions extending a separation distance between the first and second vertical portions, abutting the first and second vertical portions, having a width equal to the identical width, and separated from another one of the first horizontal portions by the identical distance; providing a block mask including: a plurality of alternating third and fourth vertical portions on the first horizontal portions, the third and fourth vertical portions abutting the second and first vertical segments, respectively; and a plurality of second horizontal portions extending horizontally an entire distance separating the first and second vertical segments, each of the second horizontal portions separating one of the first horizontal segments from one of the third or fourth vertical portions; and etching, after providing the block mask, the block mask preventing etching of a covered portion of the mandrel region. Additional aspects include: providing the plurality of first routes and the first and second vertical segments in a first level of the substrate; and providing a plurality of third and fourth routes in a second level of the substrate, the third routes being connected to the first routes, and the fourth routes being separated from the first routes, wherein each route of the third and fourth routes extends in a direction perpendicular to each route of the first routes, or each route of the third and fourth routes extends in a direction parallel to each route of the first routes. 
     Another aspect of the present disclosure is a device including: a first net including a plurality of first routes, each of the first routes extending horizontally on one vertical position of a plurality of equally spaced vertical positions on a substrate; a second net including a plurality of second routes, each of the second routes extending horizontally on one of the vertical positions, the first and second nets being separated; and a plurality of third routes separated from the first and second nets, each of the third routes extending horizontally on one of the vertical positions and separating one of the first routes from one of the second routes. 
     Some aspects include: the first net further including a fourth route extending vertically on the substrate and abutting the first routes; and the second net further including a fifth route extending vertically on the substrate and abutting the second routes. Further aspects include the first, second, and third routes being positioned in an area between the fourth and fifth routes. Additional aspects include: the first, second, and third routes having an identical width, each of the first, second, and third routes being separated from an adjacent one of the first, second, and third routes by a distance equal to the identical width. Some aspects include a device, wherein the first, second, and third routes are in a first layer of the device, the device further including: a second layer adjacent to the first layer including a fourth route of the first net, a fifth route of the second net and a sixth route separated from the first and second nets, each of the fourth, fifth, and sixth routes having the identical width and being separated by the distance equal to the identical width. Further aspects include: the fourth, fifth, and sixth routes each extending in a direction parallel to the first, second, and third routes, each of the fourth routes overlapping one of the second routes or one of the third routes, each of the fifth routes overlapping one of the first routes or one of the third routes, and each of the sixth routes overlapping one of the first routes or one of the second routes. Additional aspects include the fourth, fifth, and sixth routes each extending in a direction perpendicular to the first, second, and third routes. Some aspects include the first and second routes being formed by a mandrel metal of a SADP technology and the third route being formed by a non-mandrel metal of the SADP technology. 
     Another aspect of the present disclosure is a method including: providing a plurality of first routes in a plurality of alternating mandrel and non-mandrel recesses extending horizontally in a first level of a substrate, each of the plurality of first routes having an identical width and being separated from an adjacent route of the plurality of first routes by the identical width; providing first and second vertical segments in the first layer connected to first and second sets of the plurality of first routes, respectively, and separated from routes of the second and first sets of routes, respectively, each route of the first set being separated from another route of the first set by one route of the second set; providing third and fourth sets of a plurality of second routes of alternating mandrel and non-mandrel recesses extending horizontally in a second level of the substrate, the third set being separated from the fourth set, wherein each route of the second routes extends in a direction perpendicular to each route of the first routes or each route of the second routes extends in a direction parallel to each route of the first routes; providing a first via connecting routes of the first and third sets; and providing a second via connecting routes of the second and fourth sets. 
     Some aspects include: providing routes of the first and second sets in the mandrel recesses and the non-mandrel recesses, respectively; providing a mandrel region partially surrounding the second vertical segment; and providing a block mask over the mandrel region, the block mask being separated from the second vertical segment. Further aspects include a method, wherein the plurality of first routes further includes a third set separated from the first and second vertical segments, each route of the first set being separated from a route of the second set by one route of the third set, the method further including: providing a mandrel region including first and second vertical portions overlapping the first and second vertical segments, respectively, and a plurality of horizontal portions, each of the horizontal portions overlapping one of the mandrel recesses, extending a separation distance between the first and second vertical segments, abutting the first and second vertical segments, having a width equal to the identical width, and being separated from another one of the horizontal portions by an identical distance; and providing a block mask including a plurality of alternating third and fourth vertical portions overlapping the horizontal portions, the third and fourth vertical portions being adjacent to the second and first vertical segments, respectively. Additional aspects include a method, wherein the identical distance is a multiple of the identical width, and routes of the third set are separated from routes of the first and second sets. 
     Additional aspects and technical effects of the present disclosure will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description wherein embodiments of the present disclosure are described simply by way of illustration of the best mode contemplated to carry out the present disclosure. As will be realized, the present disclosure is capable of other and different embodiments, and its several details are capable of modifications in various obvious respects, all without departing from the present disclosure. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The present disclosure is illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawing and in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and in which: 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a multi-level VNCAP with orthogonal adjacent metal level fingers, according to an exemplary embodiment; 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a multi-level VNCAP with parallel adjacent metal level fingers, according to an exemplary embodiment; 
         FIG. 3  illustrates a single layer of a VNCAP for a nominal operating voltage, according to an exemplary embodiment; 
         FIGS. 4 through 6  illustrate a method for providing a single layer of a VNCAP for a nominal operating voltage, according to exemplary embodiments; 
         FIGS. 7 and 8  illustrate a multi-level VNCAP for a nominal operating voltage, according to an exemplary embodiment; 
         FIG. 9  illustrates a single layer of a VNCAP for an operating voltage greater than nominal, according to an exemplary embodiment; 
         FIGS. 10 through 12  illustrate a method for providing a single layer of a first VNCAP for an operating voltage greater than nominal, according to an exemplary embodiment; 
         FIGS. 13 through 15  illustrate multi-level VNCAPs for an operating voltage greater than nominal, according to an exemplary embodiment; 
         FIG. 16  illustrates a single layer of another VNCAP for an operating voltage greater than nominal, according to an exemplary embodiment; 
         FIG. 17  illustrates another method for providing a single layer of a first VNCAP for an operating voltage greater than nominal, according to an exemplary embodiment; and 
         FIGS. 18 and 19  illustrate another multi-level VNCAP for an operating voltage greater than nominal, according to an exemplary embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of exemplary embodiments. It should be apparent, however, that exemplary embodiments may be practiced without these specific details or with an equivalent arrangement. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring exemplary embodiments. In addition, unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities, ratios, and numerical properties of ingredients, reaction conditions, and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term “about.” 
     As previously mentioned, many LELELE processes increase cost and manufacturing risk while reducing a yield of resulting devices, particularly for a 10 nm technology node and beyond. However, SADP technology may be utilized to provide BEoL VNCAPs for a 10 nm technology node and beyond without significantly increasing cost and manufacturing risk, and without reducing a yield of resulting devices. Specifically, the present disclosure addresses and solves the current problems of wide spaces between different capacitor plates, resulting in low overall capacitance and degraded performance, attendant upon integrating VNCAPs into ICs, particularly for a 10 nm technology node and beyond. In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, the problems are solved, for instance by, inter alia, providing a set of routes (e.g., patterns) in mandrel recesses connected to a first vertical segment (e.g., strap) and separated from a second vertical segment (e.g., strap). 
     Still other aspects, features, and technical effects will be readily apparent to those skilled in this art from the following detailed description, wherein preferred embodiments are shown and described, simply by way of illustration of the best mode contemplated. The disclosure is capable of other and different embodiments, and its several details are capable of modifications in various obvious respects. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates a multi-level VNCAP  100  with orthogonal adjacent metal level fingers, according to an exemplary embodiment. Adverting to  FIG. 1 , fingers  101  having a separation distance configured for a nominal voltage level are connected to nets by vias  103  and high voltage fingers  105  having a larger separation distance for a greater than nominal voltage level are connected to nets by large vias  107 . It is noted that using some SADP processes, the large separation distance is a multiple (e.g., 3 times or 72 nm) of the smaller separation distance (e.g., 24 nm). Adverting to  FIG. 2 , fingers  201  of adjacent layers extend parallel to each other and are connected to nets through vias  203 . 
       FIG. 3  illustrates a single layer  300  of a VNCAP for a nominal operating voltage, according to an exemplary embodiment. Adverting to  FIG. 3 , the layer  300  includes a first comb formed by a mandrel region having a vertical segment  301  (e.g., strap) and routes  303  (e.g., fingers) and a second comb formed by a non-mandrel region having a vertical segment  305  (e.g., strap) and routes  307  (e.g., fingers). As shown, each of the routes  303  and  307  is placed on one of equally spaced vertical positions  309  and has a width  311  (e.g., 24 nm) equal to a separation distance  313  between the routes  303  and  307 . Furthermore, routes  303  and  307  of the first and second combs, respectively, are interdigitated and connected to other layers to create 3D negative and positive plates. 
       FIGS. 4 through 6  illustrate a method for providing a single layer of a VNCAP for a nominal operating voltage, according to exemplary embodiments. Adverting to  FIG. 4 , a mandrel region is provided on a substrate  400  to form horizontal portions  401 , vertical portion  403 , and a portion  405  to surround an intended vertical segment region  407 . Next, in  FIG. 5 , a non-mandrel region having horizontal portions  501  and vertical segment  503  is provided using a traditional SADP process. For instance, spacers having a width equal to separation distance  313  are placed on sides of horizontal portions  401 , vertical portion  403 , and a portion  405  of the mandrel region, and the resulting non-mandrel region is provided as outside the separation distance  313  from the mandrel region. As shown, the SADP process results in the vertical segment  503  being provided in the intended vertical segment region  407 . 
     Adverting to  FIG. 6 , a block mask  601  is provided over the portion  405  of the mandrel region to form the single layer  300 . As shown, the block mask  601  is separated from (e.g., not overlapping) the horizontal portions  401  and vertical portion  403  of the mandrel region and the horizontal portions  501  and vertical segment  503  of the non-mandrel region. As such, the block mask  601  prevents an etching of portions of the substrate covered by the block mask  601 , thereby preventing metal to be formed in mandrel (and non-mandrel) regions covered by the block mask  601 . That is, spacers abutting the mandrel region (e.g.,  401  and  403 ) and the block mask  601  prevent etching of covered portions, resulting in mandrel recesses being formed in the mandrel region (e.g.,  401  and,  403 ) and non-mandrel recesses being formed in the non-mandrel region (e.g.,  501  and  503 ). Additionally, a conductive material (e.g., metal) may be formed in the mandrel and non-mandrel recesses resulting in mandrel (e.g.,  301  and  303 ) and non-mandrel routes (e.g.,  305  and  307 ), respectively. 
     Adverting to  FIG. 7 , the single layer  300  is positioned on another layer or level having fingers  701  and  703  of the first and second nets, respectively. As shown, the fingers  701  and  703  are positioned to extend orthogonally to routes  303  and  307 . Alternatively, the fingers  701  and  703  are positioned to extend parallel to routes  303  and  307 . Adverting to  FIG. 8 , a cross-sectional view illustrates a VNCAP  800  having the routes  303  and  307  extending orthogonally to a finger  703  and to a finger  801  of another layer or level. As shown, routes  303  and finger  801  are (part of) the same net (e.g., first). Additional levels or layers may be added, for instance, a layer above the finger  801  and a layer below the finger  703  running parallel to the routes  303  and  307 . 
       FIG. 9  illustrates a single layer  900  for a VNCAP operating at a voltage greater than nominal, according to an exemplary embodiment. Adverting to  FIG. 9 , the layer  900  includes a first net having routes  901  and  903 , a second net having routes  905  and  907 , and routes  909  separated, for instance, by an electrical insulator from the first and second nets. As shown, the routes  901 ,  905 , and  909  are each positioned on one of equally spaced vertical positions  911 , have a width  913 , and are separated from each other by a distance  915  equal to the width  913 . Furthermore, the routes  909  are floating or island nodes and positioned between the first and second nets having routes  901  and  905  interdigitated, resulting in an improved capacitive density. 
       FIGS. 10 through 12  illustrate a method for providing a single layer of a VNCAP operating at a voltage greater than nominal, according to exemplary embodiments. Adverting to  FIG. 10 , a mandrel region is provided having horizontal portions  1001  and vertical portions  1003  and  1005 . Next, in  FIG. 11 , a non-mandrel region having non-mandrel portions  1101  extending horizontally on substrate  1000  is provided as a result of using a traditional SADP process, for instance, as described above. Adverting to  FIG. 12 , a block mask having alternating first and second vertical segments  1201  and  1203 , respectively, is provided on the horizontal portions  1001  to provide the single layer  900 . As shown, the segments  1201  and  1203  are abutting (e.g., adjacent but not overlapping) the vertical portions  1003  and  1005  of the mandrel region. As such, the segments  1201  and  1203  prevent an etching of portions of the substrate  1000  covered by the segments  1201  and  1203 , thereby preventing metal to be formed in mandrel regions (e.g.,  1001 ) covered by the segments  1201  and  1203 . 
     Adverting to  FIG. 13 , the single layer  900  is provided on another layer having fingers  1301  (e.g., routes  901 ,  905 , and  909 ). As shown, the fingers  1301  are positioned to extend orthogonally to routes  901 ,  905 , and  909 . Alternatively, the fingers  1301  are positioned to extend parallel to routes  901 ,  905 , and  909 . Adverting to  FIG. 14 , a cross-sectional view illustrates a VNCAP  1400  having the routes  901 ,  905 , and  909  extending orthogonally to a finger  1301  and to a finger  1401  of another layer. As shown, the finger  1301  and the routes  901  are of the first net and finger  1401  and routes  905  are of the second net. Additional levels or layers may be added, for instance, a layer above the finger  1401  and a layer below the finger  1301  running parallel to the routes  901 ,  905 , and  909 . Additionally or alternatively, the layer  900  of  FIG. 9 , can be between two floating fingers  1501  (e.g., routes  909 ) of adjacent layers as shown in  FIG. 15 . 
       FIG. 16  illustrates a single layer  1600  for another VNCAP operating at a voltage greater than nominal, according to an exemplary embodiment. Adverting to  FIG. 16 , the layer  1600  includes a first net having routes  1601  and  1603  and a second net having routes  1605  and  1607 . As shown, the routes  1601  and  1605  are each positioned on one of equally spaced vertical positions  1609  have a width  1611  and are separated from each other by a distance  1613  equal to a multiple (e.g.,  3 ) of the width  1611 . 
       FIG. 17  illustrates a method for providing another single layer of a VNCAP operating at a voltage greater than nominal, according to exemplary embodiments. Adverting to  FIG. 17 , the resulting mandrel and non-mandrel regions of  FIG. 11  are provided on a substrate  1700  as described above to provide the layer  1600  of  FIG. 16 . Additionally, a block mask including alternating first and second vertical portions  1701  and  1703 , respectively, is provided on the horizontal portions  1001  of the mandrel region. Furthermore, the block mask includes horizontal portions  1705  extending an entire distance  1707  separating the vertical portions  1003  and  1005 . As such, the portions  1701 ,  1703 , and  1705  prevent an etching of portions of the substrate  1700  covered by the portions  1701 ,  1703 , and  1705 , thereby preventing metal to be formed in mandrel regions (e.g.,  1001 ) and non-mandrel regions (e.g.,  1101 ) covered by the portions  1701 ,  1703 , and  1705 . 
     Adverting to  FIG. 18 , the single layer  1600  is provided on another layer having fingers  1801  (e.g., routes  1601  and  1605 ). As shown, the fingers  1801  are positioned to extend orthogonally to routes  1601  and  1605 . Alternatively, the fingers  1801  are positioned to extend parallel to routes  1601  and  1605 . Adverting to  FIG. 19 , a cross-sectional view illustrates a VNCAP  1900  having the routes  1601  and  1605  extending orthogonally to a finger  1801  and to a finger  1901  of another layer. As shown, the finger  1801  and the routes  1601  are of the first net and finger  1901  and routes  1605  are of the second net. Additional levels or layers may be added, for instance, a layer above the finger  1901  and a layer below the finger  1801  running parallel to the routes  1601  and  1605 . 
     Simulation results indicated that the inclusion of routes  909 , as illustrated in  FIG. 9 , which are electronically isolated (e.g., separated, floating, etc.) from nets of the BEoL VNCAP (e.g., routes  901  and  905 ) results in an improvement of 50% in capacitance density. 
     The embodiments of the present disclosure can achieve several technical effects, including an integration of capacitive components into ICs, resulting in ICs having a higher capacitive density and a lower cost. The present disclosure enjoys industrial applicability in any of various types of highly integrated semiconductor devices, particularly ICs having BEoL VNCAPs and utilizing SADP technology for a 10 nm technology node and beyond. 
     In the preceding description, the present disclosure is described with reference to specifically exemplary embodiments thereof. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the present disclosure, as set forth in the claims. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded as illustrative and not as restrictive. It is understood that the present disclosure is capable of using various other combinations and embodiments and is capable of any changes or modifications within the scope of the inventive concept as expressed herein.