Abstract:
A driver IC (integrated circuit) for a display device allowing simple designing and production and yet capable of obviating display quality difference is provided. The driver IC includes a plurality of drive signal output terminals arrange to have variable drive capacities which vary depending on loads of respective signal electrodes of the display device to which the output terminals are connected so as to supply the respective signal electrodes of the display device with drive signal waveforms having identical time constant. The driver IC preferably includes a number of juxtaposed transistors corresponding to but larger in number than the drive signal output terminals, wherein the respective drive signal output terminals are connected to prescribed numbers of transistors so as to have different drive capacities depending on loads of the signal electrodes of the display device to which the output terminals are connected.

Description:
This application is a division of application Ser. No. 09/362,054, filed Jul. 28, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,489,940. 

   FIELD OF THE INVENTION AND RELATED ART 
   The present invention relates to a display device driver IC (i.e., an integrated circuit for driving a display device) for applying drive signals to electrodes of a display device, and particularly a liquid crystal device driver IC having drive signal output terminals having improved drive performances. 
   Hitherto, for driving a liquid crystal device having electrodes arranged in a matrix form, a driver IC for supplying drive signals to the electrodes is designed to have a plurality of terminals having equal drive capacities. 
   Incidentally, the drive of a liquid crystal panel comprising matrix electrodes as an example of conventional liquid crystal device along a signal electrode (a scanning electrode or a data electrode) constituting the matrix electrodes is electrically equivalently represented by a ladder circuit as shown in FIG.  16 . Now, if the resistance and capacitance per unit length of the matrix electrode or signal electrode are denoted by r and c, respectively, and the overall resistance and capacitance along the matrix electrode are denoted by R and C, respectively, a voltage waveform V appearing at a point B in response to a voltage input V 0  applied to a point A of the ladder circuit is given as a solution of the following partial differential formula: 
             ∂   2     ⁢   V       ∂     x   2         =     rc   ⁢         ∂     V   0         ∂   t       .           
 
The solution is expressed as follows. 
               V     V   0       =       ⁢       -     4   π       ⁢       ∑     n   =   0     ∞     ⁢           (     -   1     )     n         2   ⁢   π     +   1       ⁢     exp   ⁡     (       -       (       (       2   ⁢   n     +   1     )     ⁢     π   /   2       )     2       ⁢     t   /   CR       )                         =       ⁢     1   -       4   π     ⁢     (     (       exp   ⁡     (     -         π   2     ⁢   t       4   ⁢   CR         )       -       1   3     ⁢     exp   ⁡     (       3   ⁢     π   2     ⁢   t       4   ⁢   CR       )         +   …                       
 
   The above formula provides plots of relative voltage V/V 0  versus time (on a scale of time constant CR) as shown in FIG.  17 . 
   Now, in a region of t&gt;CR, the second term and so on can be negligible as sufficiently small, so that a time t 0  in which voltage response reaches 90% of the input (V/V 0 =0.9) can be approximately represented by the following equation: 
         V     V   0       =     0.9   =     1   -       4   π     ⁢   exp   ⁢     (     -         π   2     ⁢     t   0         4   ⁢   CR         )               
 
The above equation can be converted as follows:
 
0.1=(4/π)·exp(−π 2   t   0 /4 CR )
 
π/40=exp(−π 2   t   0 /4 CR ).
 
By taking natural logarithm of both sides,
 
ln(π/40)=−π 2   t   0 /4 CR 
 
 t   0 =−(4/π 2 )ln(π/40)· CR. 
 
As −(4/π 2 )=ca. −41, and
 
 ln(π/40)= ca.− 2.5,
 
the above equation is reduced to
 
 t   0   =ca.CR. 
 
   Thus, a time t 0  in which a voltage output at the remotest point rises up to 90% of the input voltage, i.e., a 0-90% time constant can be expressed by a product of the wiring resistance (R) and the capacitance (C). 
   The above calculation is based on an assumption that the drive capacity of a driver IC is infinitely large, but the drive capacity of an actual driver IC is limited, so that the time constant, i.e., a rise time, depends on the capacity. 
   A driver IC has an on-resistance which varies depending on operation points so that the drive capacity exhibits a non-linear characteristic. However, in order to obtain a time constant of drive waveform, the drive capacity is generally approximated as a linear characteristic based on a constant on-resistance Ron. 
   Accordingly, a 0-90% time constant t 0-90  when a panel represented by the equivalent circuit shown in  FIG. 16  is driven by a diver IC having an on-resistance Ron is calculated as follows.
 
 t   0-90   =C ( R+Ron ).
 
   Incidentally, a driver IC is designed to have an on-resistance Ron so that the 0-90% time constant t 0-90  satisfies a required standard. 
   Conventionally, driver ICs  40  for driving a panel having matrix electrodes including data signal electrodes S and scanning signal electrodes C as shown in  FIG. 18  have been designed to have equal on-resistances Ron at the respective drive signal output terminals. This is because loads determined by a combination of capacitances along data signal electrodes S or scanning signal electrodes C with wiring resistances are equal for the respective data signal electrodes and for the respective scanning signal electrodes. 
   Further, as the capacitances and wiring resistances of the data signal electrodes S and the scanning signal electrodes C respectively vary depending on pixel arrangements and sizes of respective panels, the driver ICs  40  have been designed and produced for each panel having a difference pixel arrangement. 
   On the other hand, in the case of a liquid crystal device including electrodes of different widths for realizing areal gradational display as shown in  FIG. 19 , electrodes S 1  and S 2  having different widths have mutually different capacitances and wiring resistances (and also electrodes C 1  and C 2  do). 
   Now, drive voltage responses are considered when such electrodes having different widths are supplied with drive signals from driver ICs  40  having equal capacities. For example, when a scanning electrode C 1  of a narrower width having a capacitance CS and a resistance RS is driven by a driver IC  40  having an on-resistance Ron as shown in  FIG. 20 , the response at the remotest point from the IC  40  results in a waveform as shown in FIG.  21 . On the other hand, when a scanning electrode of a broader width having a capacitance 4CS and a resistance RS/4 is driven by a driver IC  40  having also an on-resistance Ron as shown in  FIG. 22 , the response at the remotest point from the IC  40  results in a waveform as shown in FIG.  23 . 
   The 0-90% time constant Ta 0-90  and Tb 0-90  in the drive waveforms shown in  FIGS. 21 and 23 , respectively, approximately calculated as follows:
 
 Ta   0-90   =CS ×( Ron+RS )= CS·Ron+CS·RS 
 
 Tb   0-90 =4 CS ×( Ron+RS/ 4)=4 CS·Ron+CS·RS 
 
∴ Tb−Ta =3 CS·Ron 
 
   Thus, the drive of a broader electrode C 2  requires a response time (rise time or fall time) which is longer by 3CS·Ron than the drive of a narrower electrode C 1 . 
   As a result, the energies applied to the liquid crystal via a broader electrode and a narrower electrode can be different from each other, resulting in a substantial difference in picture display quality. 
   On the other hand, as picture display quality can be degraded also in case where a smaller energy is applied to a liquid crystal, the on-resistance of driver ICs for driving electrodes of different widths is set to be suitable for driving electrodes of broader electrodes. In such a case of using driver ICs having an on-resistance Ron suitable for a broader electrode, however, there are liable to cause difficulties in drive of a narrower electrode, such as a larger current flow through the narrower electrodes resulting in fluctuation of power supply potential or ground potential for the liquid crystal device, occurrence of radiation noise, heat generation and increase in current consumption. 
   Further, in designing and production of driver ICs, an additional area is required for output transistors and is liable to occupy the largest area on a chip, so that a larger semiconductor chip is required to incur a cost increase. 
   In order to obviate difficulties, such as a lowering in picture display quality, fluctuation of power supply potential or ground potential, occurrence of radiation noise, heat generation and an electric current consumption, the drive capacities of driver ICs have to be optimized, so that development of driver ICs has been effected for each panel size. 
   As a result, designing and development of a diversity of driver ICs have been required so as to comply with a diversity of display panels requiring special driver ICs exclusively designed and developed therefor, thus having incurred increases in period and cost for development. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, a principal object of the present invention is to provide a display device driver IC allowing simple designing and development and yet capable of preventing an occurrence of fluctuation in display quality. 
   According to the present invention, there is provided a driver IC (integrated circuit) for supplying drive signals to a plurality of signal electrodes of a display device for driving the display device, wherein said driver IC comprises a plurality of drive signal output terminals having drive capacities which vary depending on loads of respective signal electrodes of the display device to which the output terminals are connected so as to supply the respective signal electrodes of the display device with drive signal waveforms having identical time constant. 
   According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a driver IC for supplying drive signals to a plurality of signal electrodes of a display device for driving the display device, wherein said driver IC comprises a plurality of drive signal output terminals arrange to have variable drive capacities which vary depending on loads of respective signal electrodes of the display device to which the output terminals are connected so as to supply the respective signal electrodes of the display device with drive signal waveforms having identical time constant. 
   Preferably, the driver IC are designed to include a number of juxtaposed transistors corresponding to but larger in number than the drive signal output terminals, and the respective drive signal output terminals are connected to prescribed numbers of transistors so as to have different drive capacities depending on loads of the signal electrodes of the display device to which the output terminals are connected. 
   These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon a consideration of the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a liquid crystal apparatus including a liquid crystal display unit as an example of display device to which the invention is suitably applicable. 
       FIG. 2  is a schematic plan view for showing an electrode arrangement constituting the liquid crystal display unit shown in FIG.  1  and peripheral driver ICs for driving the display unit. 
       FIGS. 3 and 4  are equivalent circuit diagrams for drive of a narrower scanning electrode and a broader scanning electrode, respectively, in a matrix electrode in the liquid crystal display unit, with associated drive signal output terminals. 
       FIGS. 5 and 6  are voltage response characteristic signal waveforms at remotest panel ends according to the equivalent circuits shown in  FIGS. 3 and 4 , respectively. 
       FIG. 7  is a plan view showing an ordinary planar pattern of a MOS transistor as an example of transistor included in a driver IC according to the invention. 
       FIG. 8  is a plan view showing a basic structure of a driver IC including the MOS transistor. 
       FIGS. 9-12  are plan views showing planar patterns of driver ICs according to first to fourth embodiments, respectively, of the invention. 
       FIG. 13  is an equivalent circuit diagram for the driver IC according to the second embodiment (FIG.  10 ). 
       FIGS. 14 and 15  are equivalent circuit diagrams of driver ICs (fifth and sixth embodiments) including transistors of different drive capacities according to different connections. 
       FIG. 16  is an equivalent circuit diagram for conventional drive of a liquid crystal device along a signal electrode. 
       FIG. 17  is a drive voltage response characteristic curve at a remotest electrode end (at B point) of the equivalent circuit shown in FIG.  16 . 
       FIG. 18  is a plan view showing a conventional electrode matrix of a liquid crystal device. 
       FIG. 19  is a plan view showing a conventional electrode matrix including signal electrodes having different widths. 
       FIGS. 20 and 22  are equivalent circuit diagrams for drive of a liquid crystal device along a narrower scanning electrode and a broader scanning electrode, respectively, in the electrode matrix shown in FIG.  19 . 
       FIGS. 21 and 23  show drive voltage response characteristics obtained by the circuits shown in  FIGS. 20 and 22 , respectively. 
       FIGS. 24 and 25  are plan views showing electrode matrixes for a 12-inch SVGA panel and a 15-inch XGA panel, respectively. 
       FIGS. 26 and 28  are equivalent circuit diagrams for drive of the panels shown in  FIGS. 24 and 25 , respectively, along a data electrode, thereof. 
       FIGS. 27 and 29  show drive voltage response characteristics obtained by the circuits shown in  FIGS. 26 and 28 , respectively. 
       FIG. 30  is a schematic sectional view of a liquid crystal device showing a laminar structure adopted in such a liquid crystal device. 
   

   DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
   First of all, a structure of a liquid crystal device as an example of display device suitable to be driven by a driver IC according to the present invention is described. 
     FIG. 30  is a sectional view of such a liquid crystal device. Referring to  FIG. 30 , the liquid crystal device includes a liquid crystal layer  1  comprising, e.g., a nematic or chiral smectic liquid crystal composition, preferably a chiral smectic liquid crystal composition disposed in a thickness of at most 5 μm so as to exhibit surface-stabilized bistability according to a model taught by Clark and Lagerwall. Such a liquid crystal layer  201  is disposed between a pair of substrates  202  having thereon on opposing electrodes  203  at least one of which is provided in a plurality so as to form a matrix of electrodes and also alignment film(s)  204 . The substrates  202  are formed of a transparent material, such as glass or plastic sheet. The alignment film(s)  204  formed of, e.g., polyimide, a coupling agent or silicon oxide, may be disposed to align the liquid crystal  201  in an alignment state suitable for an intended drive mode. The spacing between the pair of substrates  202  is determined by spacer beads  205  disposed therebetween to also determine the liquid crystal layer thickness, thus providing a liquid crystal cell structure, which is sandwiched between a pair of polarizers  208  to provide a liquid crystal device to be illuminate with a light source  207 . 
   In addition to the above-mentioned alignment film(s)  204 , it is possible to dispose an insulating layer for preventing a short circuit between the electrodes on the pair of substrates, and also another organic or inorganic layer. The spacer  205  may be composed of, e.g., silica beads. The liquid crystal device can be driven based on switching signals supplied from signal sources (not shown and will be described with reference to FIG.  1 ). The transparent electrodes  203  may be arranged to form a matrix so as to allow a pattern display or pattern exposure, thereby providing a display for a personal computer, a work station, etc., or a light valve for a printer, etc. 
   Such a liquid crystal device as described with reference to  FIG. 30  may be included as a liquid crystal display panel or display unit  6  in a liquid crystal display apparatus as represented by a block diagram of FIG.  1 . Referring to  FIG. 1 , the liquid crystal apparatus includes a graphic controller  1 , from which data is issued and supplied via a drive control circuit  2  to a scanning signal control circuit  3  and a data signal control circuit  4  to be converted into scanning line address data and display data. These data are then supplied to a scanning electrode drive circuit  5  and a data electrode drive circuit  7  as drive circuits. 
   On receiving such scanning line address data, the scanning line drive circuit  5  generates, based on the scanning line address data, a scanning line selection signal and a scanning line non-selection signal which are supplied to scanning electrodes  8  (including broader electrodes  8   a  and narrower electrodes  8   b ) constituting an electrode matrix together with data electrodes  9  (including broader electrodes  9   a  and narrower electrodes  9   b ) of a display unit  6  composed of a liquid crystal device. On the other hand, on receiving the display data, the data electrode drive circuit  7  generates, based on the displayed data, data signals which are supplied to the data electrodes  9  ( 9   a  and  9   b ). 
   Based on the scanning line selection signal and the data signals applied to the scanning electrodes  8  and the data electrodes  9 , respectively, the liquid crystal display unit  6  is driven to display a picture. 
   In this embodiment, the scanning electrodes  8  include broader scanning electrodes  8   a  and narrower scanning electrodes  8   b  which have a substantially equal thickness but have a width ratio (i.e., areal ratio) of 4:1 therebetween as shown in FIG.  2 . Further, the data electrodes  9  include broader data electrodes  9   a  and narrower data electrodes  9   b  which have a substantially equal thickness but have a substantially equal thickness but have a width ratio (i.e., areal ratio) of 2:1 therebetween. 
   The scanning signal drive circuit  5  is equipped with a driver IC  10  comprising a plurality of drive signal output terminal transistors  10   a.  Now, a narrower scanning electrode  8   b  is assumed to have a resistance RS and a capacitance CS per unit length along its extension, and an output terminal transistor  10   a  for driving the electrode  8   b  is set to have a drive capacity as represented by an on-resistance Ron. On the other hand, a broader scanning electrode  8   a  is assumed to have a resistance RS/4 and a capacitance  4  CS per unit length along its extension, and an output terminal transistor  10   a  for driving the electrode  8   b  is set to have a drive capacity as represented by an on-resistance Ron/4. Then, the two types of transistor-electrode combinations are represented by equivalent circuits of  FIGS. 3 and 4 , respectively. 
   In this embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 3 , a narrower electrode  8   b  (more specifically a liquid crystal device along the electrode  8   b ) is driven by one transistor  10   a  in the scanning electrode drive circuit  5 , but a broader electrode  8   b  is driven by 4 transistors  10   a  disposed in parallel in the scanning electrode drive circuit  5 . As a result, the voltage responses (degree of voltage waveform rounding) at the ends of the respective electrodes  8   b  and  8   a  remotest from the scanning signal driver IC  10  become identical to each other as shown in  FIGS. 5 and 6 , respectively. 
   In this way, in the case of driving scanning electrodes  8   a  and  8   b  having mutually different resistances and capacitances (loads), if the drive capacities of the respective drive signal output terminals are varied depending on the resistances and capacitances of the respective electrodes  8   a  and  8   b,  more specifically, if a plurality of transistors  10   a  are juxtaposed and connected in parallel to the broader electrode  8   a  by changing the overall drive capacity (on-resistance) of the transistors to Ron/4, it becomes possible to apply an identical level of energy to the liquid crystal or liquid crystal pixels connected to electrodes having different resistances and capacitances, thus making it possible to prevent a difference in picture display quality between the pixels. 
   Further, it becomes possible to prevent a fluctuation in power supply potential or ground potential, occurrence of radiation noise, heat radiation and increase in current consumption at the liquid crystal display unit  6 . Further, it becomes possible to provide an inexpensive driver IC having optimum output transistor sizes. 
   Next, a method of changing the drive capacity of drive signal output terminals is explained with reference to a driver IC including MOS transistors. 
     FIG. 7  is a plan view illustrating a general physical shape of a MOS transistor including a drain diffusion layer  11 , a source diffusion layer  12  and gate polysilicon  13 . 
   A drain output is outputted to a drain aluminum wire  14  through a contact  16  between the drain electrode and the drain diffusion layer  11 . Further, a source potential is supplied from a source aluminum wire  15  through a contact  17  between a source electrode and the source diffusion layer  12 , and a gate signal is supplied through a contact  18  between the gate polysilicon  13  and an aluminum wire (not shown). 
   The on-resistance Ron of such a MOS transistor is determined by a ratio W/L between a gate width W and a gate length L, and the gate length L is determined by a required withstand voltage and a production process of the IC. Accordingly, the change in drive capacity of a MOS transistor is effected by changing the gate width W depending on the required drive capacity. 
   Thus, the change in drive capacity of drive signal output terminal of a driver IC may be performed by increasing or decreasing the gate width W depending on varying loads. In this embodiment, a photomask for forming the above-mentioned layers  11  and  12  of the transistor is changed to form connection wires for connecting a prescribed number of transistors. 
     FIG. 8  illustrates a basic physical shape of drive signal output terminal transistors of a driver IC of which the drive capacity is to be changed by changing a photomask for a part of the layers. 
   Each drive signal output terminal is generally composed of a plurality of transistors connected to respective liquid crystal drive power sources for switching between the liquid crystal drive power sources, but only one transistor is indicated as a representative of such plural transistors since they have an identical organization. 
   Referring to  FIG. 8 , numeral “19” denotes a bump or bonding pad for taking a drain output of a transistor out of an IC chip. The IC includes a first transistor  20  and a third transistor  22  of which the drain electrodes are connected to the output pads  19  via the drain aluminum wires  14 . Further, second and fourth transistors  22  and  24  have drain electrodes not connected to the output pads  19 . The transistors  20 ,  21 ,  22  and  23  respectively have a drive capacity Ron. 
   Based on the basic structure shown in  FIG. 8 , as a first embodiment, drain connection switching aluminum wires  24  for connecting the drain aluminum wires  14  of the second and fourth transistors  21  and  23  to the output pads  19 , and gate connection switching aluminum wires  25  for connecting the gate electrodes of the first and third transistors  20  and  22  to the gate electrodes of the second and fourth transistors  21  and  23 , as shown in  FIG. 9 , are additionally formed by changing a photomask pattern (not shown) for forming the drain aluminum oxides  14 . 
   By additionally forming the drain connection switching aluminum wires  24  and the gate connection switching aluminum wires  25 , it becomes possible to realize a driver IC having drive signal output terminals each having a uniform drive capacity of Ron/2. Thus, by changing only a pattern of photomask for forming aluminum layers for a driver IC, it is possible to easily realize a driver IC having drive signal output terminals having uniform drive capacities of Ron/2. 
   Further, as a second embodiment starting again from the basic structure shown in  FIG. 8 , drain connection switching aluminum wires  24  for connecting the drain aluminum wires of the second and fourth transistors  21  and  23  to one output pad  19 , and gate connection switching aluminum wires  25  for connecting the gate electrode of the third transistor  22  to the gate electrodes of the second and fourth transistors  21  and  23 , as shown in  FIG. 10 , are additionally formed by changing a photomask pattern (not shown) for forming the drain aluminum wires  14 . As a result, it becomes possible to realize a driver IC having a plurality of drive signal output terminals having drive capacities of Ron and Ron/3 alternately. 
   As a third embodiment, starting again from the basic structure shown in  FIG. 8 , gate connection switching aluminum wires  25  as shown in  FIG. 11  are additionally formed by changing a photomask pattern (not shown) for forming the drain aluminum wire  14  so as to realize a driver IC having all drive signal output terminals uniformly having a drive capacity Ron. 
   As a fourth embodiment, starting again from the basic structure shown in  FIG. 8 , drain connection switching aluminum wires  24  and gate connection switching aluminum wires  25  are additionally formed by changing the photomask pattern for forming the drain aluminum wires  14 , and the number of output pads  19  is reduced to a half by changing a photomask pattern for forming a passivation film providing output pad apertures as shown in  FIG. 12 , so as to realize a driver IC having a half number of output terminals each having a drive capacity of Ron/4. 
     FIG. 13  shows an equivalent circuit for the driver IC shown in FIG.  10 . In  FIG. 13 , “3:1” represents a drive capacity ratio (as a reciprocal of on-resistance ratio). 
   When four transistors each having a drive capacity of Ron are used in combination as in the above-described embodiments, it is possible to have output terminals having three drive capacity ratios of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3. 
   On the other hand,  FIGS. 14 and 15  show equivalent circuits giving different drive capacity ratios of 2:1 and 4:1 by combination of 6 transistors having drive capacities of Ron and 1.5 Ron. 
   The above description has been made as embodiments for modifying the output terminal drive capacities of a driver IC  10  contained in a scanning electrode drive circuit  5 , but similar embodiments are given for modifying the output terminal drive capacities of a driver IC  10 A in a data electrode drive circuit  7  (as shown in FIG.  2 ). 
   In the above embodiments, the photomask pattern changes for the aluminum layer and the passivation layer have been used for changing the drive capacities of the drive signal output terminals. In the present invention, it is also possible to accomplish similar effects by changing the photomask patterns for the gate polysilicon, the drain diffusion layer  11  and the source diffusion layer  12 . 
   As a further embodiment,  FIGS. 24 and 25  are schematic plan views showing electrode structure for a 12-inch SVGA-grade display (600×800 pixels) and a 15-inch XGA-grade display (768×1024 pixels), each including a matrix of scanning electrodes  101  and data electrodes  102 . 
   The respective displays have the following dimensions. 
   
     
       
             
             
             
           
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
             
             
             
           
         
             
                 
                 
             
             
                 
               12-inch SVGA 
               15-inch XGA 
             
             
                 
               (FIG. 24) 
               (FIG. 25) 
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
           
             
                 
             
           
        
         
             
                 
               Panel size 
                 
                 
                 
                 
             
             
                 
               vertical 
               180 
               mm 
               230 
               mm 
             
             
                 
               lateral 
               234 
               mm 
               300 
               mm 
             
             
                 
               Data electrode 
               150 
               ohm 
               192 
               ohm 
             
             
                 
               resistance 
             
             
                 
               Scanning electrode 
               200 
               ohm 
               200 
               ohm 
             
             
                 
               resistance 
             
             
                 
               Scanning electrode 
               100 
               μm 
               128 
               μm 
             
             
                 
               width 
             
             
                 
               Cell gap 
               5 
               μm 
               5 
               μm 
             
           
        
         
             
                 
               Permittivity 
               8.855 × 10 −12   
               8.855 × 10 −2   
             
             
                 
               Dielectric constant 
               4 
               4 
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
        
       
     
   
   Then, the capacitance of each data electrode for the 12-inch SVGA panel (C 12 ) is calculated as follows: 
               C   12     =       ⁢       (     8.855   ×     10     -   12         )     ×   4   ×     (     180   ×     10     -   3         )     ×   234   ×         10     -   3       /   800     /   5     ×     10     -   6                     =       ⁢     370   ×     10     -   12       ⁢   F               
 
   Similarly, the capacitance of each data electrode for the 15-inch XGA panel is calculated as follows: 
               C   15     =       ⁢       (     8.855   ×     10     -   12         )     ×   4   ×     (     230   ×     10     -   3         )     ×         (     300   ×     10     -   3         )     /   1024     /                       ⁢     5   ×     10   6                   =       ⁢     1.28   ×   370   ×     10     -   12       ⁢   F               
 
   Accordingly, the drive of each data electrode in the 12-inch SVGA panel by a driver IC having an on-resistance of 1000 ohm can be represented by an equivalent circuit shown in FIG.  26 . 
   A transient analysis of the equivalent circuit when supplied with a step input of 1 volt (V 0 =1 volt) from a time t=0.1 μsec was performed by an SPIC simulator, whereby an output response (V/V 0 ) at the panel terminal shown in  FIG. 27  was attained.  FIG. 27  shows that a response rise of 0-90% requires ca. 0.9 μsec. 
   On the other hand, the drive of each data electrode in the 15-inch XGA panel by driver IC having an on-resistance of 750 ohm and the output response (V/V 0 ) characteristic thereof are shown in  FIGS. 28 and 29 , respectively. 
   As the electrode size is multiplied by 1.28 times for the length, the resistance becomes 1.28 times that in the 12-inch SVGA panel and the capacitance also becomes 1.28 times. The response curve ( FIG. 29 ) shows that a 0-90% response requires ca. 0.9 μsec. 
   In the above embodiment, a driver IC capacity change for a data electrode  102  has been described, but a driver IC capacity change for a scanning electrode  101  can also be effected. 
   Conventionally, two matrix panels formed of identical wire materials and cell gap but having different panel sizes have been driven by driver ICs designed and developed depending on the loads of the panel. According to the present invention, however, it has become possible to provide a driver IC adaptable to a 12-inch SVGA panel and a 15-inch XGA panel by changing the drive capacities. Such drive capacity change of a driver IC depending on a change in panel load corresponding to a panel size increase can be performed by changing only the photomask pattern so that a new driver IC designing becomes unnecessary, the period for development can be shortened and a lowering in production cost can be achieved. 
   The display device according to the present invention is not restricted to a liquid crystal device as shown in  FIG. 30  but can also be applied to an electron discharge device and a plasma-addressed display (PDP) as described in JP-A 5-41166. Examples of the electron discharge device include a surface-conductive type electron discharge device described in JP-A 64-31332 and an FE-type device described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,904,895. 
   As described, according to the present invention, the energies applied to an liquid crystal disposed along electrodes having different loads can be made identical by changing the drive capacity of drive signal output terminals (such as driver ICs) depending on the loads of the electrodes connected to the drive signal output terminals, thereby preventing the occurrence of picture display quality differences. 
   Further, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of changes in power supply potential and ground potential of a display device, radiation noise heat generation and increase in current consumption. Further, the drive capacity change of a drive signal output terminal can be effected by a change of photomask pattern, so that the design and production of a driver IC become simpler to realize a lower cost production.