Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for providing a system that is operated by a first party, with position information from a mobile unit provided with a unique identity that belongs to a second party. The first party provides a service that is dependent of the position of the mobile unit, and the second party activates the use of the service. The method comprises the steps to send a signal from the mobile unit via a communication network, when the second party activates the use of the service, to a toll number associated with a certain charge, the signal comprises information regarding the identity of the mobile unit and position indication provided by the communication network, and to debit said charge from an account connected to the mobile unit and said second party. The invention also relates to a mobile unit and a system.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD  
       [0001]     The present invention relates to a technical field according to the method as defined in the preamble of claim  1 . The invention also relates to a mobile unit as defined in the preamble of claim  16  and a system as defined in the preamble of claim  21 .  
       BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION  
       [0002]     In present systems for managing road tolls, there is a large initial cost regarding the building of infra structure, e.g. roads, toll stations, charging systems, and costs for operating the system with employed personnel. These costs must thereafter be paid by those who will use the area within the toll station for driving, and thus an increase in investment and maintenance costs. An example of a method for managing debiting in such a toll system is described in the published international patent application WO 99/31629.  
         [0003]     In the alarm and protective transport systems that are currently used today, there is in most cases a dependency of positioning via GPS, which in it self is a very accurate technique, but unfortunately has some built-in weaknesses such as that at least three GPS satellites must be visible from the mobile unit for it to be able to calculate its position. A mobile unit is normally kept in a pocket, within a container, on a covered van, etc. and there is then impossible for the unit to update its position.  
         [0004]     The telephone network may be used to find the position of a mobile telephone within a certain geographical region. Such a method is described in the published international patent application WO 00/59254, where mobile base stations are used to calculate the position of possible mobile telephones in an avalanche area. By weighting the received signals, using their different signal strength, between the base stations it is possible to determine the position of the mobile telephone, and thereby the person that may be buried in the avalanche.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0005]     The object if the present invention is to provide a method and a mobile unit to supply a system with positioning information from the mobile unit to use this information to locate the mobile unit without the disadvantages mentioned above.  
         [0006]     This object is achieved by the method as defined in the characterizing part of claim  1 , and the mobile unit as defined in the characterizing part of claim  16 , which is based on using an already built telephone network that in turn is based on a division of a geographic location, e.g. a city, into a plurality of cells, where the poisoning information from the mobile unit may be determined from the cells that receive signals from the mobile unit.  
         [0007]     It is also an object to provide a system for tracking a mobile unit without the disadvantages mentioned above.  
         [0008]     This object is achieved by the system as defined in the characterizing part of claim  21 .  
         [0009]     An advantage with the present invention is that it is simple to build up a toll system without heavy infrastructural costs.  
         [0010]     Another advantage is that the present invention is simple to use compared to prior art techniques, for instance it is possible to follow transports of goods since the mobile unit regularly sends out its positioning information to a receiver.  
         [0011]     A further advantage is that it is possible to connect sensors, and even alarm buttons, to the mobile unit to thereby be able to use the unit as a personal alarm, be able to detect unwanted movement of a car, boat, marine engine, etc.  
         [0012]     A further advantage with the invention is that a reliable system is obtained, where included parts are not expensive to manufacture.  
         [0013]     Further advantages and objects with the present invention will be apparent for skilled person in the arts from the following detailed description. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0014]     The different embodiments shown in the appended drawings are schematic and should only be seen as illustrations to clarify the invention, and should not be interpreted as limitations of the invention.  
         [0015]      FIG. 1  shows a system for managing debiting of toll charges according to the invention.  
         [0016]      FIG. 2  shows an overview of a toll area with adherent cells.  
         [0017]      FIG. 3  shows a personal alarm system according to the invention.  
         [0018]      FIG. 4  shows an anti-theft system according to the invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0019]      FIG. 1  shows a schematic view of a toll system  10 , where a vehicle  11  is shown in a position A, denoted  11   A , outside a border  12  for the area that demand payment of a toll charge to be allowed to enter. The same vehicle  11  is also depicted in a position B within the toll zone  13 , where the vehicle is shown with dashed lines and denoted  11   B .  
         [0020]     Two base station antennas for a mobile telephone network, e.g. GSM 900, GSM 1800, PCS 1900, etc. are also shown in  FIG. 1 , where a first base station antenna that defines a first cell  14  is placed outside the toll zone  13 , and a second base station antenna that defines a second cell  15  is placed inside the toll zone  13 . A mobile unit  16 , denoted  16   A  and  16   B , is mounted in the vehicle  11 .  
         [0021]     The mobile unit may in its simplest embodiment consist of a mobile telephone, where a SIM card is mounted connected to a telephone subscription that belong to the person that should pay the toll charge, which in most cases is the owner to the vehicle. The mobile unit  16  is furthermore fixed mounted to the vehicle to make it simpler to use to register the number of occasions the vehicle passes into a toll zone  13 , and how the vehicle  11   B  moves within the toll zone.  
         [0022]     In a more advances embodiment of the mobile unit  16 , the key-pad and the display has been removed. Furthermore, energy saving algorithms has been implemented to increase the operational time for the internally arranged battery, such algorithms makes the unit decrease to a very low power consumption level for periods of time and regularly return back to normal function to check which cell in the mobile network the unit has contact with. In the application for tolls, the unit is always connected to a supply voltage, since the unit always should be used together with the vehicle. If the supply voltage is disconnected by any reason from the unit  16 , its internal battery may continue to work up to several months. The processor and memory capacity on the SIM card, which preferably is mounted in the unit  16 , are also used to manage the simple steps that are required to register toll charges according to the present invention.  
         [0023]     To further clarify how the cells in a mobile network are used to build up a toll zone, a such zone  13  is shown in  FIG. 2  comprising three cells  14 ,  20  and  21 . The dashed line  12  constitutes the boundary for the zone  13  and follows the contour of the lobes of the base stations. The mobile unit should regularly be updated by a list of which cells that together constitutes the toll zone. This update may easily be performed by sending a SMS message to all mobile units  16  with a current list. The SMS message is thereafter unpacked automatically and installed in a suitable memory space (internally on the SIM card or in a separate memory in the unit  16 ). The formulation of the SMS message that is sent is easiest performed on an ordinary personal computer.  
         [0024]     When a vehicle  11   A  is situates outside the toll zone  13 , the mobile unit  16   A  has contact with the base station antenna  14 ′ in the cell  14  and when the boundary  12  is passed by the vehicle  11 B, the base station antenna  15 ′ in cell  15  has also contact with the unit  16   B , which initiates a call to a toll number that debits the holder of the mobile subscription a predetermined amount, e.g. 20 Swedish kronor, since the cell  15  is on the list that defines the toll zone  13 .  
         [0025]     Other types of call may naturally be considered, e.g. SMS, MMS, etc. to register a debit entry of the toll charge.  
         [0026]     This is the classical type of toll charge, but there are a number of variants that easily may be implemented with the help of the present invention.  
         [0027]     Time based debiting: this debit entry depends on the time that the vehicle is present within a toll zone, where the toll zone even could be divided into zones where each has a predetermined time cost. For example, a scenario that is plausible is where it is a desired to reduce and divert traffic away from a certain area, e.g. old town in Stockholm. Therefore, the time based cost for the zone “Old town” is set to an amount that is twice the amount of neighboring zones “södermalm”, “city”, “östermalm”. This time based debiting is implemented by the mobile unit regularly calls a toll number that corresponds to the cost that is appropriate for the zone that the vehicle presently is in.  
         [0028]     In this way it is easy to charge those that only drive within a toll zone  13  and then usually would not pass a boundary  12  and therefore should avoid debiting for entering a toll zone  13  as described above.  
         [0029]     If a vehicle passes through a toll zone  13  on a through route  22 , the charge that is debited when entering of the toll zone  23  may be compensated by fully or partially credit the holder of the mobile telephone subscription when leaving  24  the zone  13 . A condition for such a crediting may be that the transport on the through route is performed within a certain time. In the usual case, the through routes are surrounded by its own cells, since many users of mobile telephones daily use these through routes, and this problem does not occur at all as these cells naturally is not part of the list of cells that belong to the toll zone.  
         [0030]     If there is a problem with defining cells that only are used for through routes, it is possible to arrange special transmitters at suitable locations to exclude the system from generating a debit entry when the mobile unit is present within a toll zone but only passing on the through route.  
         [0031]     It is naturally possible to debit a vehicle when it is leaving a toll zone, but this is not the usual way. The debiting principal is although the same as for entering the zone  13  except that the unit  16  initiates a call only when it detects cells that cannot be found in the list of cells that are a part of the toll zone.  
         [0032]     The advantage with this system is that the toll company directly receives payment of those who are using roads within the zone  13 .  
         [0033]     Another application of the present invention is shown in connection with  FIG. 3 , where a method for localizing a mobile unit in case of an alarm of any kind. Different types of alarm situations will be described in more detail below.  
         [0034]     A mobile unit  16 , that either may be placed together with goods that should be transported from one place to another or may be carried by a person, is provided with a means that is activated to send out a signal to a predetermined receiver under certain preconditions.  
         [0035]      FIG. 3  shows the example when a person  29  carries a mobile unit  16  and where the unit  16  is provided with an alarm button  30 . An alarm is activated when the alarm button is pushed; alternatively it is possible that an alarm is activated if the alarm button is not pushed at predetermined intervals.  
         [0036]     When the alarm is activated a telephone call  31  is established, alternatively a SMS message is sent, to a toll number  32 , whereby the person is charged directly on his/hers phone bill  33  which is attached to the subscription (SIM card) that is placed in the mobile unit  16 , for using the alarm service. The message that is sent via the telephone call, or SMS, is forwarded to an alarm service  34  and contains information regarding who the person  29  is, so called identification, and an approximate position indication which is obtained by the mobile telephone network (e.g. GSM), i.e. indicate the cell within which the person is present. The accuracy for such a position indication is about 150-300 meters, which is enough to be able to fast locate the person in question and send help  35 . The owner to the toll number  32  and the alarm service  34  could of course be the same party.  
         [0037]     In the case when a telephone call is established, the carrier of the mobile unit has preferably already prerecorded a voice message that identifies the carrier, where the voice message is used for identification. The position indication is forwarded preferably as a link to a home page, where the position of the person can be seen. All this information can alternatively be sent in text form via a SMS as described above.  
         [0038]      FIG. 4  shows how a system can be constructed and function to follow the position of an article during transport, but may also be used when tracking stolen boats, marine engines, rental cars, stolen cars, etc.  
         [0039]     In the simplest case there is a functionality programmed into the mobile unit  16  that automatically, at regular intervals, activates it self and sends a message, preferably in the form of a text message (SMS, MMS) to a receiver  40 , with information about the identity of the unit and the position of the unit, which is obtained by knowing which cell in a mobile telephone network the unit is present within.  
         [0040]     By this method it is possible to detect unexpected movements of e.g. transport goods.  
         [0041]     If it is not desired that the unit automatically should be sending updating information regarding its position, where every updating probably will be debited to the holder of the subscription for the SIM card that is in the unit  16 , a SMS could be sent to the unit  16  when needed to activate a tracking of the same. This is especially interesting in case of a theft of e.g. marine engines (the unit could be mounted to an essential part of the engine), boats, cars, different types of valuables, etc. When it comes to marine engines, a such simple measure, as to provide the marine engine with a mobile unit during winter storage on land, could increase the chances of recovering a stolen marine engine essentially.  
         [0042]     For rental cars there is a need to control that the vehicle is not used in a not appropriate way, e.g. transported outside the borders of the country to be sold in another less scrupulous country. By programming the unit  16  with information regarding a number of not allowed cells just outside the countries borders, and furthermore implement functionality that makes the unit regularly sense its position and compare it with the not-allowed cells, a message may be sent to the rental car company only when the car enters such a cell.  
         [0043]     In addition to the functionality that may be built into the mobile unit, it may be complemented with various external sensors  41 , e.g. motion sensors, audio sensors, that activates the unit by unexpected movements, sounds etc.  
         [0044]     A preferred embodiment for managing debiting of alarm/anti-theft services is performed by sending the alarm/position updates via a SMS to a toll number, whereby the appropriate subscribed is debited. Correct information is thereafter forwarded to suitable receiver  34 ,  40  dependent on the service that respective mobile unit  16  is connected to.  
         [0045]     The fundamental principal that makes the described invention function is that each cell in a cellular network has its unique identity. This identity is broadcasted from the antenna within each cell at regular intervals. This principal is well known to a person skilled in the arts, and therefore not explained in more detail.  
         [0046]     The list of cells that is used in the present invention actually contains the broadcasted identity of the cells.