Abstract:
The present invention relates to a multi-layer body which is a paper document with a hot stamping film embossed thereon. The hot stamping film has a laser-sensitive layer in which a laser-induced color image is produced by laser treatment. Arranged on the document are further security identifications such as a security print, which is in the form of guilloche patterns, fluorescent threads, and a security strip. Water marks are also provided in the paper document.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a National Phase application of International Application No. PCT/DE02/01676 filed May 8, 2002, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention concerns a multi-layer body comprising a layer composite which is formed with a substrate and which has at least one layer having laser-sensitive material—referred to hereinafter as a laser-sensitive layer. 
     Multi-layer bodies of that kind can be produced for example using a transfer film, preferably a hot stamping film. It is known for films of that kind to be applied to a plastic body to form an identity card or a code card and for individualisation of the card to be effected by way of a laser treatment of the applied film. Laser-induced markings are produced in the laser-sensitive layer in the laser treatment. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The object of the invention is to provide a multi-layer body of the kind set forth in the opening part of this specification, which makes it possible to implement particularly exact and varied laser-induced marking. In particular the invention seeks to provide that the unwanted adverse effects which occur in the laser treatment, in further layers or on the substrate of the multi-layer body, are reduced or eliminated. The invention also aims to provide that it is possible to use substrates of paper material. 
     The invention attains that object with the subject-matter of claim  1 . 
     By virtue of the fact that associated with the laser-sensitive layer is a background layer which reflects preferably to a high degree the laser radiation which impinges in the laser treatment of the laser-sensitive layer, that is to say in the production of the laser-induced markings, or is at least substantially non-transparent for said laser radiation or is at least substantially non-transparent for the non-reflected component of the incident laser radiation, this provides that no laser radiation or at least very little laser radiation is incident in layers beneath the background layer. Additionally or alternatively it can be provided that the background layer is absorbent in respect of the laser radiation so that at least a large part of the non-reflected radiation is absorbed in the background layer. The background layer thus forms a protective layer for layers disposed therebeneath or the substrate. This means that even very laser-sensitive substrates, for example therefore also substrates of paper material, can be readily used. Admittedly, it has been found that the laser-sensitive layer itself already acts as a protective layer for the layers therebeneath and for the substrate, and a large part of the laser radiation which acts in the laser treatment does not completely penetrate the laser-sensitive layer or does not reach the layer disposed therebeneath, and thus prevents serious destruction of the substrate. The background layer however affords substantially increased security so that it is now possible to produce particularly exactly defined and varied laser-induced marking and in addition substantially greater degrees of freedom of design in regard to the configuration of the layer composite are achieved. 
     Alternatively or additionally the background layer can also be used to achieve a color enhancement or strengthening effect or a brightening effect in respect of the laser-induced marking produced in the laser-sensitive layer disposed thereover. Special brightener substances which produce that effect can also be provided in the background layer. 
     Preferably the background layer is arranged under the laser-sensitive layer only in a partial region, more specifically advantageously only beneath the region in which the arrangement of the laser-induced marking is intended, that is to say in the delimited partial region of the laser-sensitive layer, in which the laser-induced marking is to be positioned. 
     Particularly advantageous embodiments provide that a plurality of mutually superposed laser-sensitive layers are provided in the layer composite. In those cases it is advantageous if a background layer is provided in particular between the laser-sensitive layers. 
     In preferred embodiments it is provided that a transfer or laminating film is applied to the substrate and one or more layers are provided in the film, at least one layer being in the form of the laser-sensitive layer. The background layer can also be provided in the film, but alternatively also as a constituent part of the substrate, for example as a surface layer of the substrate. In other embodiments it is provided that the multi-layer body is laminated from a plurality of overlay films and inlets. At least one of the overlay films can be in the form of the laser-sensitive layer or can have the laser-sensitive layer. It can be for example in the form of a laminating film which is provided with the laser-sensitive layer by way of the application of a hot stamping film. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Preferred embodiments by way of example are described in greater detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying Figures in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a view in section of an embodiment of a multi-layer body comprising a paper material substrate to which a multi-layer film is applied in region-wise manner, 
         FIG. 2  is a plan view of the embodiment of  FIG. 1 , 
         FIG. 3  is a plan view corresponding to  FIG. 2  of a modified embodiment, 
         FIGS. 4 to 6  are sectional views of embodiments of transfer films with a laser-sensitive layer and an associated background layer, 
         FIGS. 7 to 9  are sectional views of embodiments of laminating films with a laser-sensitive layer and an associated background layer, and 
         FIG. 10  shows an exploded view of a card body laminated from various overlay films and inlets. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The embodiment illustrated in  FIGS. 1 and 2  involves an identity card with various identification signs and individualisation effects, as can be seen from the plan view in  FIG. 2 . The card body—referred to hereinafter as the card  8 —comprises paper material. A multi-layer film is applied to its surface, as can be seen from  FIG. 2 . As its layers, the film has a protective layer  3 , a layer  4  having laser-sensitive material, a background layer  5  and an adhesive layer  6  with which it is glued to the surface of the card  8 . The film is arranged exclusively in a partial region of the card  8 . It is of a rectangular configuration in plan, as can be seen from  FIG. 2 . The film can have been applied to the card  8  by way of a transfer process, for example by hot stamping of a hot stamping film. Such a transfer film is shown in section in  FIG. 4 . The release layer  2  illustrated over the protective layer  3  and the carrier film  1  are detached in the transfer operation which is usually effected under elevated pressure and at elevated temperature. 
     As can be seen from  FIG. 2  provided in the laser-sensitive layer is a laser-induced color image  10   y . That color image  10   y  can be produced by laser-induced bleaching of the laser-sensitive material of the layer  4 . The method of laser-induced bleaching is described in further detail hereinafter. The background layer  5  is provided under the entire region of the laser-sensitive layer  4 . That background layer  5  is not transparent in the visible spectral range so that the substrate  8  is covered in that region. As can be seen from  FIGS. 1 and 2 , provided on the surface of the substrate  8  is an identification mark  81  (see  FIG. 1 ) which is discernible when being viewed from above exclusively in the region outside the color image  10   y  or outside the background layer  5  (see  FIG. 2 ). The identification  81  comprises a security printing  81   d  which in the illustrated embodiment is in the nature of guilloche patterns. Fluorescent threads  81   f  are also arranged in the substrate and on the surface thereof, which reflect upon irradiation with UV-light and which appear as black threads in the visible spectral range. In addition, a water mark  81   w  is provided as a further identification in the substrate  8 , together with a security strip  81   s . The security strip  81   s  can have various identification and individualisation elements, such as for example a diffraction structure and/or a hologram structure, laser-induced markings and so forth. In the illustrated embodiment the security strip  81   s  is incorporated in the substrate  8 . It also passes through the substrate beneath the laser-induced color image  10   y  and is not visible there by virtue of the non-transparent background layer  5 . The security strip  81   f  is visible only in the region in which it extends beyond the laser-induced image  10   y.    
     The embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 3  is a modification of the embodiment shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 . In this embodiment of  FIG. 3 , the background layer  5  is provided only in the left-hand half of the laser-induced color image  10   y  so that it is only in that left-hand partial region in which the background layer  5  is provided that the identification  81  on the substrate  8  is covered and is not visible. No background layer  5  is arranged in the remaining region of the laser-induced image  10   y  so that, in that region, the surface of the substrate  8  and therewith the identification  81  are visible through the laser-induced color image which is transparent with a color shading. This embodiment affords a particularly elevated level of safeguard against forgery as the laser-induced image  10   y  co-operates optically in a particularly varied manner with the other identification elements. 
     In modified embodiments, diffraction structures and/or hologram structures can also be provided in the film layers.  FIGS. 5 and 6  show transfer films which have such a diffraction and/or hologram structure  5   b  in their layer structure. The film in  FIG. 5  corresponds in respect of its structure to the film in  FIG. 4 , in which respect there is only additionally provided an additional lacquer layer  5   c  and a reflection layer  5   r  between the protective layer  3  and the laser-sensitive layer  4 . The diffraction and/or hologram structure  5   b  is provided in the region of the lacquer layer  5   c , the reflection layer  5   r  and the laser-sensitive layer  4 . In the embodiment of  FIG. 6  the additional lacquer layer  5   c  is in the form of a laser-sensitive layer  4   c . This embodiment therefore has in addition to the laser-sensitive layer  4  the laser-sensitive layer  4   c , between which the reflection layer  5   r  extends. The laser-sensitive layers  4  and  4   c  can each be made from the same laser-sensitive material but alternatively they can also be made from two different laser-sensitive materials. In all embodiments illustrated in  FIGS. 4 to 6 , provided under the laser-sensitive layer  4  on the respective side which faces towards the substrate is the background layer  5  which, as in connection with the embodiments shown in  FIGS. 1 to 3 , can act as a protective layer in the laser treatment and also as a brightening agent and color strengthener for the laser-induced image. 
       FIGS. 7 to 9  show laminating films which in their layer structure correspond to the transfer films in  FIGS. 5 and 6 . The overlay film  30  corresponds to the protective layer  3 . The other layers: the laser-sensitive layer  40 , the background layer  50 , the reflection layer  50   r  and the adhesive layer  60  correspond to the laser-sensitive layer  4 , the background layer  5 , the reflection layer  5   r  and the adhesive layer  6  respectively. In a corresponding fashion, the laminating films of  FIGS. 8 and 9  also have a diffraction and/or hologram structure  50   b  corresponding to the diffraction and/or hologram structure  5   b  in  FIGS. 5 and 6 . 
     In the embodiment of  FIG. 10  the multi-layer body is in the form of a body laminated from various overlay films and inlets. The upwardly arranged overlay film  30  has at its underside a plurality of layers which are applied by applying a transfer film to the overlay film. These layers involve a lacquer layer  5   c , a reflection layer  5   r , a laser-sensitive layer  4 , a background layer  5  and an adhesive layer  6 . A diffraction and/or hologram structure  5   b  is provided in the region of the lacquer layer  5   c , the reflection layer  5   r  and the laser-sensitive layer  4 . 
     Arranged beneath that film composite is an overlay film  32  which comprises material doped with carbon and/or carbon black. This doped overlay film is a second laser-sensitive layer. Carbonisation takes place in that layer under a corresponding laser effect, whereby, when the laser conditions are suitably adjusted, it is possible to obtain a gray scale marking. 
     Arranged beneath that doped overlay film  32  are inlets  90  which, in the illustrated embodiment, can comprise paper material. Arranged on the lower side of the lower inlet is an overlay film  30  and thereupon a further overlay film  30 . 
     In order to produce the laser-induced marking in the laser-induced layer, laser irradiation is preferably effected when the coating or film is applied to the substrate. Alternatively however the laser irradiation operation can also be carried out prior to the application procedure, that is to say therefore immediately by irradiation of the film alone. Full-color image production, that is to say the production of a laser-induced marking in the form of a full-color image, can be implemented in embodiments in which the laser-sensitive material consists of a mixture of a cyan pigment component, a magenta pigment component and a yellow pigment component. The composition of the layers for a hot stamping foil is set forth for such an embodiment at the end of the description. 
     In the bleaching operation, a blue or green or red color marking is produced, in a first step, by that location being irradiated with a given laser wavelength with which a given pigment component is bleached. 
     In order to produce the color blue, only the yellow pigment component may be bleached. Blue laser light is used for that purpose. A given minimum intensity is required for the bleaching procedure. In addition a certain pulse duration is not to be exceeded. In order to obtain a green color marking in the first step, only the magenta pigment component may be bleached. Green laser light is used for that purpose. In order to obtain a red color marking in the first stage, only the cyan pigment component may be bleached. Red laser light is used for that purpose. 
     In order at that location to produce a color marking of the color cyan or magenta or yellow, that location is subjected to laser treatment in a second step, more specifically using a laser wavelength with which a pigment component which is not yet bleached at that location is bleached. If a blue color marking has been produced in the first step, the cyan pigment component and the magenta pigment component are unbleached at that location. In order to produce the color cyan at that location, the magenta pigment component has to be bleached in this second step. That is effected with green laser light. That therefore produced a cyan-colored marking at that location. 
     If in the second step, instead of that cyan-colored marking, a magenta-colored marking is to be produced, then the blue color marking produced in the first step has to be treated with red laser light. 
     In that way the cyan pigment is bleached at that location so that therefore the magenta pigment remains unbleached at that location. Therefore there is the magenta-colored marking at that location. 
     In a corresponding manner a cyan-colored marking or a yellow-colored marking can be produced from a green color marking which was produced in the first step and which was formed from remaining unbleached cyan pigment and yellow pigment, more specifically by treatment with blue laser light and red laser light respectively. 
     In a corresponding manner, in the second step a red color marking produced in the first step can be converted into a yellow or magenta-colored marking, more specifically by laser treatment in the second step with green laser light or blue laser light respectively. 
     In order to obtain a transparent location at the location treated in the first and second steps, that is to say to obtain a white location if the background layer  5  is white, that location has to be treated in a third step with a laser beam whose wavelength is so adjusted that the pigment component which has remained unbleached at that location after the second step is bleached, that is to say the yellow color marking has to be bleached with blue laser light, the magenta-colored marking with green light and the cyan-colored marking with red laser light. 
     Further adjacent locations are then treated in the laser-sensitive layer  4  in the same manner in order to produce further color markings in the layer  4  of the stamping film. In that way it is possible to produce a full-color image. 
     Laser treatment can also be used to produce color markings or a full-color image in the coloring agent or agents in the laser-sensitive layer by a color change. The laser treatment can be effected in a corresponding manner with successive process steps. Pigments are involved as coloring agents, that is to say substances for imparting color. The pigments are generally insoluble and are usually inorganic substances. However mostly soluble, organic coloring agents can also be used as the coloring agents. The color change is effected in each case with specific laser conditions which are then applied in the individual steps in the laser treatment. 
     The described bleaching and color conversion process can also be used in a corresponding manner when the laser-sensitive material comprises only one or two coloring agent components. It is also possible to use other coloring agent components and other laser wavelength ranges, in the laser treatment. 
     The laser treatment of the transfer film for producing the color markings can alternatively also be effected prior to applying the film, more especially in particular when the protective layer  3  is in the form of a layer which is not or is only partially transparent in relation to the laser radiation or is in the form of a layer which is not transparent for laser radiation in the given wavelength range, or if there is provided an additional UV-absorbent protective layer. The laser treatment is then effected prior to application of the film, in that the laser beam is directed on to the rear side of the film, that is to say on to the background layer  5  or the adhesive layer  6 , and thus the laser-sensitive layer  4  is treated from the other side, in order to produce the color markings therein, in the same manner. The background layer  5  and the adhesive layer  6  in these uses are transparent or at least partly transparent in relation to the laser radiation in question or are applied only in partial regions. 
     The layers  2 - 6  can be produced in accordance with the following composition: 
     
       
         
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 Release layer (separation layer): 
                   
               
               
                 toluene 
                 99.5 parts 
               
               
                 ester wax (dropping point 90° C.) 
                  0.5 parts 
               
               
                 Protective layer 3 (protective lacquer layer): 
               
               
                 methylethylketone 
                 61.0 parts 
               
               
                 diacetone alcohol 
                  9.0 parts 
               
               
                 methylmethacrylate (Tg = 122° C.) 
                 18.0 parts 
               
               
                 polyethylene dispersion (23% in xylene) (softening 
                  7.5 parts 
               
               
                 point 140° C.) 
               
               
                 high-molecular dispersing additive (40%, amino number 20) 
                  0.5 parts 
               
               
                 extender (aluminum silicate) 
                  4.0 parts 
               
               
                 Laser-sensitive layer 4 (first color lacquer layer): 
               
               
                 methylethylketone 
                 34.0 parts 
               
               
                 toluene 
                 26.0 parts 
               
               
                 ethylacetate 
                 13.0 parts 
               
               
                 cellulose nitrate (low viscosity, 65% in alcohol) 
                 20.0 parts 
               
               
                 linear polyurethane (Fp &gt; 200° C.) 
                  3.5 parts 
               
               
                 high-molecular dispersing additive (40%, amino number 20) 
                  2.0 parts 
               
               
                 e.g. Pigment Blue 15:4 
                  0.5 parts 
               
               
                 Pigment Red 57:1 
                  0.5 parts 
               
               
                 Pigment Yellow 155 
                  0.5 parts 
               
               
                 Background layer 5 (second color layer lacquer): 
               
               
                 methylethylketone 
                 40.0 parts 
               
               
                 toluene 
                 22.0 parts 
               
               
                 ethylene vinylacetate terpolymer (Fp = 60° C.) 
                  2.5 parts 
               
               
                 polyvinylchloride (Tg: 89° C.) 
                  5.5 parts 
               
               
                 polyvinylchloride (Tg: 40° C.) 
                  3.0 parts 
               
               
                 dispersing additive (50%, acid number 51) 
                  1.0 parts 
               
               
                 titanium dioxide (d = 3.8–4.2 g/cm 3 ) 
                 26.0 parts 
               
               
                 Adhesive layer 6: 
               
               
                 methylethylketone 
                 55.0 parts 
               
               
                 toluene 
                 12.5 parts 
               
               
                 ethanol 
                  3.5 parts 
               
               
                 polyvinylacetate (softening point 80° C.) 
                  6.0 parts 
               
               
                 butyl/methylmethacrylate (Tg: 80° C.) 
                  8.0 parts 
               
               
                 ethylmethacrylate resin (Tg: 63° C.) 
                  3.0 parts 
               
               
                 methacrylate copolymer (Tg: 80° C.) 
                  5.0 parts 
               
               
                 unsaturated polyester resin (softening point 103° C.) 
                  3.5 parts 
               
               
                 silicon dioxide 
                  3.5 parts