Abstract:
A submersible pump installation for a subsea well has an electrical connection that is hydraulically made up with provisions to avoid contact with sea water. The submersible pump is suspended by a suspension head located in a tubular member at the subsea wellhead. An electrical insulator is movably carried in a passage extending through a wall of the tubular member. An electrical connector pin is carried in the insulator. A piston moves the insulator into contact with the suspension head, then the connector pin into engagement with the electrical connector located in the suspension head. A seal and dielectric fluid in the suspension head serve to prevent contamination by liquids in the subsea wellhead.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention relates in general to submersible pump electrical connections, and in particular to an electrical connection located in a subsea well for connecting power cables of a submersible pump. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     Submersible pumps of the type concerned herein are pumps having an electrical motor downhole which drives a centrifugal pump mounted above the motor. Power cables extend from the pump, which may be thousands of feet deep in the well, to the wellhead at the surface. The power cables at the surface are connected to a power source, normally a transformer connected to the utility lines. 
     In subsea wells that are located in fairly deep water, the Christmas tree or wellhead will be located on the ocean floor. There are several patents that disclose installing a submersible pump assembly in such a well, such as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,003,428, Zehren, Jan. 18, 1977, and the patents cited therein. When lowered to its proper place in the well, a connection must be made between the downhole interior power cables extending from the motor to the Christmas tree, and the exterior power cables extending from the Christmas tree to a power source at the surface. The &#39;428 patent shows means for making this electrical connection without using a diver. However, the &#39;428 patent does not address the possibility sea water being located in the environment surrounding the electrical connection. Even small amounts of sea water could cause faults because of the fairly high voltages and high power passing through the electrical connections. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An improved electrical connection is shown herein for use in connecting a subsea well submersible pump installation. The wellhead assembly includes a tubular member within which a suspension head for the submersible pump locates. The internal power cable extends from the motor to the suspension head, and an electrical connection to the external cable is made at the suspension head. An electrical insulator is movably carried in a passage located in the wellhead member adjacent the suspension head. An electrical connector is carried inside the insulator. Piston means moves the insulator into abutment against the suspension head, and moves the electrical connector in the insulator into engagement with the electrical connector in the suspension head. The movement of the insulator reduces the chance for sea water from entering the connection in the suspension head. 
     Preferably, the insulator is first moved into abutment with the suspension head, then the connector pin in the movable insulator is moved into engagement with the connector inside the suspension head. The connector pin is recessed initially within the movable insulator to avoid contact with the sea water. A movable barrier or piston inside the suspension head is penetrated by the connector pin during insertion. The piston in the suspension head squeezes dielectric fluid around the connection to further shield against the entry of contaminating liquid. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electrical connecting assembly for a submersible pump subsea wellhead installation constructed in accordance with this invention. 
     FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assembly of FIG. 1, taken along the line II--II of FIG. 1. 
     FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the connector assembly of FIG. 1, with the inner and outer portions of the connector assembly shown prior to connection. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     Referring to FIG. 1, a tubular member 11, which is part of a subsea well Christmas tree (not shown) has an axial passage 13. U.S. Pat. No. 4,003,428, Jan. 18, 1977, Zehren, shows more details of a Christmas tree of which tubular member 11 may be a part. Passage 13 has an upwardly facing shoulder 15. An orienting guide or groove 17 extends helically down the passage 13 above the shoulder 15. A suspension head 19 is adapted to locate on shoulder 15 for suspending a submersible pump (not shown). The submersible pump may be of a type as shown in the above-mentioned patent. 
     Suspension head 19 has a key or tab 20 that engages guide 17, causing suspension head 19 to rotate into the proper orientation as it is being lowered into the tubular member 11. Suspension head 19 has a lower portion 21 to which the submersible pump cable is secured. A neck 23 protrudes upwardly from suspension head 19 for receiving a handling tool of a type that may be as shown in the above-mentioned patent. Three electrical power cables 25 extend upwardly along the lower portion and into the suspension head 19. Cables 25 are used to transmit power down to the pump, and signals proportional to pressure and temperature may be superimposed on the power cables for transmission to the surface. 
     There are three inner connector assemblies 27 mounted 120 degrees apart in the suspension head 19, as shown in FIG. 2. The connector assemblies 27 face laterally outward and each are connected to one of the power cables 25 extending down into the well. The tubular member 11 has three mating outer connector assemblies 29 that will engage the inner connector assemblies 27 to transmit power from a power source (not shown) to the submersible pump downhole, and for receiving pressure and temperature signals in some cases for transmission to a readout instrument at a remote location. Each outer connector assembly 29 is connected to an external cable 31 leading to a remote location. 
     Each outer connector assembly 29 has a hydraulic cylinder or housing 33 mounted to a sidewall of tubular member 11. The outer connector assembly 29 also includes an outer insulator 35 that extends radially through a passage 37 located in the sidewall of the tubular member 11. Each passage 37 intersects the axis of passage 13 at a 90 degree angle. As shown in FIG. 3, each outer insulator 35 is a resilient member that provides electrical insulation and has a sealing face 39 on its inner end. Sealing face 39 is cylindrical, of smaller diameter than the diameter of outer insulator 35, and protrudes inwardly. Sealing face 39 is convex and concentric with the longitudinal axis of the outer insulator 35. A passage 41 extends longitudinally through the outer insulator 35 along the axis of the outer insulator 35. Passage 41 terminates in a slit 43 at the sealing face 39. Slit 43 remains in a closed position, as shown in FIG. 3, unless forced open. 
     A piston 45 is reciprocally carried in the hydraulic cylinder 33, as shown in FIG. 1. Piston 45 is formed of electrical insulation material, such as phenolic, and reciprocates between two stops 47 and 49. Hydraulic hoses 51 and 53 supply hydraulic fluid pressure to move the piston 45 between the inner and outer positions. Hoses 51 and 53 lead to a remote source of hydraulic pressure. The outer end of the outer insulator 35 is secured to the piston 45 for movement therewith. Piston 45 will move the outer insulator 35 from an outer or recessed position, generally as shown in FIG. 3 to an inner or protruding position as shown in FIG. 1. In the recessed position, the sealing face 39 will be recessed within passage 37 and will not protrude past the wall of passage 13. 
     An outer electrical connector, preferably a male connector pin 55 is reciprocally carried within the passage 41 of the outer insulator. Connector pin 55 is a metal pin with a pointed tip on its inner end. The outer end, as shown in FIG. 1, is rigidly secured to a piston 57 carried in the hydraulic cylinder 33. Piston 57 will reciprocate between stops 59 and 61. Hydraulic fluid pressure is supplied through a hydraulic hose 63 and hydraulic hose 53 from a source at a remote location. Piston 57 is made up of a non-electrically conductive material. An electrical insulator 65 extends around a portion of the pin 55, and will contact the inner piston 45 when piston 57 is moved to the inner position in contact with stop 59. The movement of piston 57 causes the connector pin 55 to move with respect to the outer insulator 35 and extend past the sealing face 39 through the slit 43. 
     Referring again to FIG. 3, an inner insulator 67 is located within a cavity 69 in the suspension head 19. Insulator 67 contains an inner connector 71. Inner connector 71 is bonded to the cable 25 and is electrically conductive. Inner connector 71 is preferably a female connector having a socket, a closed inner end, an open outer end and grooves or threads 73 contained within. Insulator 67 and connector 71 will remain permanently with the suspension head 19. 
     A removable insulator 75 is also located in the cavity 69 in the suspension head 19. Insulator 75 has a cavity 77 therein that has an axis that intersects the axis of the inner connector 71 and also coincides with the axis of the outer insulator passage 41 when the suspension head has landed. Cavity 77 contains a dielectric fluid 79, which is preferably a silicon gel that serves to prevent contact of electrically conductive liquids with the electrical connectors 71 and 55. Cavity 77 has a central enlarged area 77a of slightly larger diameter than the remaining portions of the cavity 77. 
     A piston 81 is located in the cavity 77, with its axis coinciding with the axis of the inner connector 71. Piston 81 is made up of an insulating material that is soft enough to be penetrated by the pointed tip of the connector pin 55. Piston 81 has a diameter that is approximately the same as the diameter of cavity 77, but smaller than the diameter of the enlarged area 77a, to allow the dielectric fluid 79 to flow around the piston 81 when it is moved toward the connector 71. 
     A metal, electrically conductive sleeve 83 is secured to the inner side of piston 81 for movement therewith. Sleeve 83 has a closed end 85 on its inner end. The outer diameter of sleeve 83 is approximately the inner diameter of the inner connector 71. The inner diameter of sleeve 83 is approximately the outer diameter of the connector pin 55. A flat rubber seal 87 extends across the outer face of the piston 81. Seal 87 is affixed within a recess 89, which is cylindrical and coaxial with the cavity 77. Seal 87 can be pierced by the tip of the connector pin 55. Recess 89 has a diameter the same as the sealing face 39 of the outer insulator 35. The depth of recess 89 is approximately the depth of the sealing face 39, so as to closely receive the sealing face 39 when the assemblies 27 and 29 are in the engaged position. 
     In operation, the tubular member 11 will be mounted into the Christmas tree of the subsea well. The outer connector assembly 29 will be connected to the tubular member 11. The pistons 45 and 57 will be in the retracted position. The sealing face 39 will be recessed within the 37 (FIG. 3), and the tip of the connector pin 55 will be recessed within the passage 41. 
     Electrical power cables 25 will be connected to inner connectors 71. The submersible pump is lowered into the well, through the tubular member 11 in a manner that may be as shown in the U.S. Pat. No. 4,003,428, previously mentioned. The key 20 of the suspension head 19 will contact the orienting guide 17 and rotate the suspension head 19 to align the inner connector assemblies 27 with the outer connector assemblies 29. Suspension head 19 will land on the shoulder 15 and support the submersible pump. 
     Once in place, hydraulic fluid pressure is supplied through hose 53 to move each piston 45 inward, with hydraulic fluid being returned from the hose 51. Each outer insulator 35 will move inwardly, and the sealing face 39 will enter the recess 89 and abut against the seal 87. Most of any sea water surrounding the suspension head 19 will be purged from recess 19 by the sealing face 39. 
     Then, hydraulic fluid pressure is supplied through hose 63 to push each piston 57 inwardly. Each connector pin 55 will extend through the slit 43 (FIG. 3), pierce the seal 87, and begin pushing the piston 81 to the left. As the piston 81 moves to the left, the dielectric fluid 79 will squeeze into the interior of the connector 71, and will flow around the edges of the piston 81, coming into contact with the inner side of the seal 87, and into contact with the connector pin 55. The piston 81 will continue to move inwardly, with the sleeve 83 entering the interior of connector 71, to establish electrical contact between the cable 25 and the sleeve 83. When the sleeve 83 is unable to move any farther inwardly, the connector pin 55 will pierce the piston 81 and enter the interior of the sleeve 83. This establishes electrical contact between the connector pin 55 and the cable 25. The stop 59 (FIG. 1) will prevent any farther movement inwardly of the connector pin 55. The insulator 65 will be in abutment with the piston 45, shielding the connector pin 55, should leakage of sea water into the housing 33 occur. The pierced seal 89 assists in preventing the entry of sea water. 
     Submersible pumps must be pulled periodically for maintenance and replacement. When pulling the pump, first hydraulic fluid pressure will be supplied to hose 53 (FIG. 1) to move the connector pin 55 outwardly. The connector pin 55 will withdraw into passage 41, and the slit 43 will close to prevent sea water from entering passage 41. Then, hydraulic fluid pressure is supplied to hose 51 (FIG. 1) to cause piston 45 to move outwardly. This retracts the outer insulator 35, removing its sealing face 39 from recess 89, and from the passage 13. A handling tool (not shown) generally as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,003,428, will be lowered to connect with the neck 23 to pull the submersible pump through the passage 13 and to the surface. When the pump is being lowered again, after maintenance, the insulator 75, sleeve 83, seal 87, and piston 81 are replaced with another unit filled with dielectric fluid 79. The same connector pins 55 and insulators 35 can be actuated to make the electrical connection. 
     The invention has significant advantages. The connections are made remotely by the use of hydraulic pistons, and without significant contact of the electrical connectors with contaminating liquid contained in the Christmas tree. The penetrable seal and the silicon gel further protect the contacts from the entry of contaminating liquid. 
     While the invention has been shown in only one of its forms, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that it is not so limited but is susceptible to various changes without departing from the scope of the invention.