Abstract:
A golf club head comprising a body and a plurality of metal tubes is disclosed herein. The body comprises a face section, a sole section, and a return section, and also defines a hollow interior. Each of the plurality of metal tubes extends from the return section to the sole section to reduce stresses placed on the face during impact with a golf ball. The body and the metal tubes preferably are composed of a titanium alloy or stainless steel. After the metal tubes are inserted into apertures in the return section and the sole section of the body, each metal tube is mechanically attached to the body using a tool that causes the ends of each metal tube to flare outwards.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present invention is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/997,199, filed on Jan. 15, 2016, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/788,326, filed on Jun. 30, 2015, and is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/794,578, filed on Jul. 8, 2015, both of which are continuations-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/755,068, filed on Jun. 30, 2015, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/498,843, filed on Sep. 26, 2014, and issued on Feb. 16, 2016, as U.S. Pat. No. 9,259,627, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/173,615, filed on Feb. 5, 2014, and issued on Nov. 10, 2015, as U.S. Pat. No. 9,180,349, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/898,956, filed on Nov. 1, 2013, and which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/039,102, filed on Sep. 27, 2013, and issued on Sep. 16, 2014, as U.S. Pat. No. 8,834,294, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/797,404, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, now abandoned, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 61/665,203, filed on Jun. 27, 2012, and 61/684,079, filed on Aug. 16, 2012. The present application is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/622,606, filed on Feb. 13, 2015, and issued on May 24, 2016, as U.S. Pat. No. 9,345,936, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/906,572, filed on May 31, 2013, and issued on Feb. 17, 2015, as U.S. Pat. No. 8,956,244, the disclosure of each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety herein. 
    
    
     STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
     Not Applicable 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a golf club head. More specifically, the present invention relates to a golf club head with stress-reducing tubes disposed proximate a striking face and methods of manufacturing the golf club head. 
     Description of the Related Art 
     The prior art discloses various golf club heads having interior structures and methods of making such structures. For example, Yabu, U.S. Pat. No. 6,852,038 for a Golf Club Head And Method OF Making The Same, discloses a golf club head with a sound bar and a method of casting said sound bar, Galloway, U.S. Pat. No. 7,118,493 for a Multiple Material Golf Club Head discloses a golf club head with a composite aft body having an interior sound component extending upward from a sole section of a metal face component, Seluga et al., U.S. Pat. No. 8,834,294 for a Golf Club Head With Center Of Gravity Adjustability discloses a golf club head with a tube having a mass for adjusting the CG of a golf club head, and Dawson et al., U.S. Pat. No. 8,900,070 for a Weighted Golf Club Head discloses a golf club head with an interior weight lip extending from the sole towards the face. However, the prior art fails to disclose an interior structure that increases ball speed through reducing stress in the face at impact, with a minimal increase in mass to the golf club head, and that is manufactured quickly and at a low cost. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The golf club head comprises interior metal tubes to reduce the stress in a face during impact with a golf ball. In some embodiments, the tubes are composed of a titanium alloy. 
     One aspect of the present invention is a golf club head comprising a body and a plurality of metal tubes. The body comprises a face section, a sole section and a return section. 
     The body defines a hollow interior. Each of the plurality of metal tubes extends from the return section to the sole section. 
     Another aspect of the present invention is a method of installing metal tubes in a golf club head having apertures in top and bottom surfaces comprising inserting the tubes into the apertures and then flaring their ends outwards to mechanically lock them to the club head. 
     Yet another aspect of the present invention is a golf club head comprising a body comprising a face section, a sole section, and a return section, the body defining a hollow interior, and a plurality of metal tubes, each of the plurality of metal tubes extending from the return section to the sole section, wherein the return section comprises a first plurality of apertures, wherein the sole section comprises a second plurality of apertures, wherein each of the first plurality of apertures corresponds to a metal tube of the plurality of metal tubes, wherein each of the second plurality of apertures corresponds to a metal tube of the plurality of metal tubes, and wherein at least one of the metal tubes of the plurality of metal tubes is mechanically attached to the body. In some embodiments, each of the plurality of metal tubes may be mechanically attached to the body, and in further embodiments each of the plurality of metal tubes may have an upper end and a lower end, each of which may comprise a flared structure to mechanically lock the metal tubes to the body. 
     In some embodiments, each of the body and the plurality of metal tubes may be composed of titanium alloy. In other embodiments, each of the plurality of metal tubes may have a diameter ranging from 2 millimeters to 10 millimeters, and at least one of the metal tubes may have a diameter of approximately 6 millimeters. In any of the embodiments, each of the plurality of metal tubes may have a length ranging from 30 millimeters to 60 millimeters, and each of the plurality of metal tubes may be positioned rearward from an interior surface of the face section a distance ranging from 2 millimeters to 11 millimeters. In other embodiments, the golf club head may further comprise a crown section, which may be affixed to the body over an upper opening to enclose the hollow interior. The crown section may be composed of a carbon composite material, and the body may be composed of titanium alloy. 
     In another embodiment, the plurality of metal tubes may comprise three metal tubes, each of the body and the three metal tubes may be composed of titanium alloy, each of the three metal tubes may have an upper end and a lower end, and each of the upper end and lower end may have a flared structure. In a further embodiment, the golf club head may be selected from the group consisting of a driver-type golf club head and a fairway wood-type golf club head. 
     Another aspect of the present invention is a method comprising the steps of providing a golf club head body comprising a face section, a hollow interior, an upper opening, a return section comprising at least one upper aperture in communication with the hollow interior, and a sole section comprising at least one lower aperture in communication with the hollow interior, wherein the at least one upper aperture is vertically aligned with the at least one lower aperture, providing at least one metal tube sized to fit within the at least one upper aperture and the at least one lower aperture, wherein the at least one metal tube comprises a longitudinal axis, a first end, and a second end, inserting the at least one metal tube into the hollow interior via one of the at least one upper aperture and the at least one lower aperture so that the first end is disposed within the at least one upper aperture and the second end is disposed within the at least one lower aperture, providing a tool having a flared tip, inserting the flared tip into the first end of the at least one metal tube, pressing the tool towards the hollow interior of the golf club head body along the longitudinal axis so that the first end is forced to flare outwards and removing the flared tip from the first end of the at least one metal tube. 
     In a further embodiment, the method may comprise the steps of inserting the flared tip into the second end of the at least one metal tube, pressing the tool towards the hollow interior of the golf club head body along the longitudinal axis so that the second end is forced to flare outwards, and removing the flared tip from the second end of the at least one metal tube. In another, further embodiment, the method may comprise the steps of welding the first end of the at least one metal tube to the golf club head body and welding the second end of the at least one metal tube to the golf club head body, wherein the golf club head body may be composed of a metal material. 
     In yet another embodiment, the method may further comprise the steps of providing a crown section, disposing the crown section over the upper opening of the golf club head body, and permanently affixing the crown section to the golf club head body. If the crown section is composed of a composite material, then the step of permanently affixing the crown section to the golf club head body may comprise bonding the crown section to the golf club head body with an adhesive material. If the crown section and the golf club head body section are each composed of a metal material, then the step of permanently affixing the crown section to the golf club head body may comprise welding the crown section to the golf club head body. 
     In any of these embodiments, the method may further comprise the step of covering the first end of the at least one metal tube with weld material. In any of these embodiments, the at least one metal tube may comprise first, second, and third metal tubes, the at least one upper aperture may comprise first, second, and third upper apertures, the at least one lower aperture may comprise first, second, and third lower aperture, the first upper aperture may be vertically aligned with the first lower aperture, the second upper aperture may be vertically aligned with the second lower aperture, and the third upper aperture may be vertically aligned with the third lower aperture. 
     Having briefly described the present invention, the above and further objects, features, and advantages thereof will be recognized by those skilled in the pertinent art from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a top perspective view of a golf club head of the present invention with a crown section removed to illustrate an interior. 
         FIG. 2  is a top perspective exploded view of the golf club head shown in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  is an enlarged view of the structure circled in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment shown in  FIG. 3  during installation of a metal tube. 
         FIG. 5  is an illustration of the pressure placed on the metal tube during installation in the golf club head. 
         FIG. 6  is another cross-sectional view of the embodiment shown in  FIG. 3  during installation of the metal tube. 
         FIG. 7  is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment shown in  FIG. 3  when a metal tube is flush with the outer surface of the golf club head. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     A preferred embodiment of the golf club head  10  of the present invention is shown in  FIGS. 1-2 , and a preferred process of installing metal tubes  50  in the golf club head  10  is shown in  FIGS. 3-7 . The golf club head  10  includes a body  20  having a sole section  22 , a face section  30 , a return section  24  extending away from the face section  30 , a hosel  26  for engaging a shaft (not shown), a heel end  23 , a toe end  25 , an upper opening  27 , an aft end  28 , and a hollow interior  29 . A crown section  40  is placed over the upper opening  27  in the body  20  to enclose the hollow interior  29 . 
     Within the hollow interior  29 , multiple metal tubes  50  extend from the sole section  22  upward to the return section  24 . The metal tubes  50  preferably are composed of a titanium alloy, but in other embodiments may be composed of a steel material. The plurality of metal tubes  50  preferably ranges from two tubes to eight tubes. Each of the plurality of metal tubes  50  preferably has a diameter ranging from 2 millimeters to 10 millimeters, and more preferably approximately 6 millimeters. Each of the plurality of metal tubes  50  preferably has a length ranging from 30 millimeters to 60 millimeters. Each of the plurality of metal tubes  50  is preferably positioned within 11 millimeters of an interior surface  32  of the face section  30 . 
     The return section  24  preferably comprises a plurality of upper apertures  52 , each of which preferably corresponds to a metal tube  50  of the plurality of metal tubes  50 . The sole section  22  preferably comprises a plurality of lower apertures  54 , each of which preferably corresponds to a metal tube  50  of the plurality of metal tubes  50 . Each of the plurality of upper apertures  52  is vertically aligned with one of the plurality of lower apertures  54  so that each metal tube  50  can be inserted into the hollow interior  29  of the golf club head  10  in an orientation that is parallel  50  with the interior surface  32  of the face section  30 . The metal tubes  50  each are inserted into the hollow interior  29  of the golf club head  10  via one of the pluralities of upper and lower apertures  52 ,  54 . The metal tubes  50  may be cast, formed, machined, forged, or otherwise manufactured separately from one another or cut from a single metal tube. 
     Once each metal tube  50  is located within the golf club head  10  such that its upper and lower ends  51 ,  53  are disposed within upper and lower apertures  52 ,  54 , the metal tube  50  is permanently fixed to the golf club head  10  using the process illustrated in  FIGS. 4-7 . First, as shown in  FIG. 4 , a tool  100  with a flared end  110  is inserted into the upper or lower end  51 ,  53  of the metal tube  50 . The flared end  110  of the tool  100  has a terminus  112  with a constant diameter D 1  that is slightly smaller than the internal diameter D 2  of the metal tube  50 . The diameter of the flared end  110  changes starting at a transition location  114  spaced from the bottom surface  113 , increasing from the diameter D 1  of the terminus  112  to a maximum diameter D 3  proximate an upper end  115  of the tool  100 . 
     Next, as shown in  FIG. 5 , the tool  100  is pressed into the metal tube  50  along the metal tube&#39;s longitudinal axis  55  so that the metal tube&#39;s  50  upper end  51  flares outwards as it makes contact with the transition location  114  of the flared end  110 . As shown in  FIG. 6 , the tool  100  continues to press into the metal tube  50  along its  50  longitudinal axis  55  until the upper end  51  is flared so wide that it mechanically locks onto the return section  24  and the upper aperture  52 , as shown in  FIG. 6 . If, as shown in  FIG. 6 , the upper end  51  is not entirely flush with the surface of the return section  24 , the excess material  57  can be ground off in a subsequent step so that the upper end  51  is completely flush with the return section  24  as illustrated in  FIG. 7 . 
     This process is repeated for each of the upper and lower ends  51 ,  53  of each metal tube  50  so that all metal tubes  50  are mechanically locked to the golf club head  10  within the upper and lower apertures  52 ,  54 . The seams  60  between each metal tube  50  and the golf club head  10  are then welded to conceal the seam and make the surface of the golf club head  10  easier to finish. The weld material may also cover the upper and lower ends  51 ,  53  of each metal tube  50  to prevent debris from entering the tubes  50  when the golf club head  10  is in use, or a cover (not shown) can be affixed to each upper and/or lower end  51 ,  53  via welding, adhesive, mechanical lock, or another means known to a person skilled in the art. 
     In each of the embodiments disclosed herein, the golf club head  10  preferably has a Characteristic Time (CT) of the face close to, but not exceeding, the 257 microsecond (“μS”) limit set by the USGA. In any of the embodiments disclosed herein, when the golf club head  10  is designed as a driver, it preferably has a volume from 200 cubic centimeters to 600 cubic centimeters, more preferably from 300 cubic centimeters to 500 cubic centimeters, and most preferably from 420 cubic centimeters to 470 cubic centimeters, with a most preferred volume of 460 cubic centimeters. In fact, in the preferred embodiment, the golf club head  10  has a volume of approximately 450 cc to 460 cc. 
     The volume of the golf club head  10  will also vary between fairway woods (preferably ranging from 3-woods to eleven woods) with smaller volumes than drivers. When designed as a driver, the golf club head  10  preferably has a mass no more than 215 grams, and most preferably a mass of 180 to 215 grams; when designed as a fairway wood, the golf club head  10  preferably has a mass of 135 grams to 200 grams, and preferably from 140 grams to 165 grams. 
     In each of the embodiments disclosed herein, the face section  30  preferably has a varying thickness such as that described in U.S Pat. No. 7,448,960, for a Golf Club Head With Variable Face Thickness, which pertinent parts are hereby incorporated by reference. 
     Other alternative embodiments of the thickness of the face section  30  are disclosed in U.S Pat. No. 6,398,666, for a Golf Club Striking Plate With Variable Thickness, U.S. Pat. No. 6,471,603, for a Contoured Golf Club Face and U.S. Pat. No. 6,368,234, for a Golf Club Striking Plate Having Elliptical Regions Of Thickness, all of which are owned by Callaway Golf Company and which pertinent parts are hereby incorporated by reference. Alternatively, the face section has a uniform thickness. 
     In each of the embodiments disclosed herein, the body  20  is preferably cast from molten metal in a method such as the well-known lost-wax casting method and the crown section  40  is composed of a carbon composite material. The metal for casting is preferably titanium or a titanium alloy such as 6-4 titanium alloy, alpha-beta titanium alloy or beta titanium alloy for forging, and 6-4 titanium for casting. Alternatively, the body  20  is composed of 17-4 steel alloy. Additional methods for manufacturing the body  20  include forming the body  20  from a flat sheet of metal, super-plastic forming the body from a flat sheet of metal, machining the body  20  from a solid block of metal, electrochemical milling the body  20  from a forged pre-form, casting the body  20  using centrifugal casting, casting the body  20  using levitation casting, and like manufacturing methods. 
     In other embodiments, the golf club head  10  may have a multi-material composition such as any of those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,244,976, 6,332,847, 6,386,990, 6,406,378, 6,440,008, 6,47,604, 6,491,592, 6,527,650, 6,565,452, 6,575,845, 6,478,692, 6,582,323, 6,508,978, 6,592,466, 6,602,149, 6,607,452, 6,612,398, 6,663,504, 6,669,578, 6,739,982, 6,758,763, 6,860,824, 6,994,637, 7,025,692, 7,070,517, 7,112,148, 7,118,493, 7,121,957, 7,125,344, 7,128,661, 7,163,470, 7,226,366, 7,252,600, 7,258,631, 7,314,418, 7,320,646, 7,387,577, 7,396,296, 7,402,112, 7,407,448, 7,413,520, 7,431,667, 7,438,647, 7,455,598, 7,476,161, 7,491,134, 7,497,787, 7,549,935, 7,578,751, 7,717,807, 7,7490,96, and 7,749,097, the disclosure of each of which is hereby incorporated in its entirety herein. 
     From the foregoing it is believed that those skilled in the pertinent art will recognize the meritorious advancement of this invention and will readily understand that while the present invention has been described in association with a preferred embodiment thereof, and other embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings, numerous changes, modifications and substitutions of equivalents may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention which is intended to be unlimited by the foregoing except as may appear in the following appended claims. Therefore, the embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined in the following appended claims.