Abstract:
The invention implements a means of making objects visible or invisible on HMI display. The object&#39;s visibility can be under the user control and/or under the control of connected controller, thereby making the objects context-sensitive. Context-sensitive visibility helps in designing less congested screens thereby making them more operator-friendly. In addition said screens are safer as they eliminate unintentional activation of nearby controls, and eliminate unnecessary and unauthorized activation of controls.

Description:
BACKGROUND  
         [0001]    1. Field of Invention  
           [0002]    This invention relates to Operator Interface Panels, specifically to means of controlling the visibility of objects displayed on the panels.  
           [0003]    2. Discussion of Prior Art  
           [0004]    The Operator Interface Panels are also known as Touch Panels, Touch Screens, Man Machine Interfaces (MMI) and Human Machine Interface (HMI). In this document, Operator Interface Panel and HMI are used synonymously. This discussion does not include software-based HMIs that run on a PC or a general-purpose computer system. Rather we cover here the operator interface panels with a dedicated microprocessor.  
           [0005]    In many cases Electronic Operator Interface Panels replace much of the hardwired control components from an automation panel, such as Push Button, Indicator Lights, Pilot Lights, Meters, etc. The recent trend in industrial automation shows an increased use of these panels. The reasons for this trend are:  
           [0006]    1. Operator Interface Panels save premium panel space.  
           [0007]    2. Operator Interface Panels are cost effective alternative to hardwired control components.  
           [0008]    3. Automation panels using HMIs can easily be reconfigured as compared to the ones using hardwired controls.  
           [0009]    4. Control components can easily be added or deleted from HMI screens as compared to adding/deleting hardwired components from the panel.  
           [0010]    5. HMIs offer much more than push buttons and pilot lights. For example, the modern HMIs will allow you to use Bar graphs, Trend Graphs, Alarm capabilities, etc., on screens.  
           [0011]    Typically user designs multiple screens or video pages with multiple objects or controls on each page, for use on a HMI. Video pages and screens are used in this document synonymously. Operators navigate through these pages or screens based on their requirements. Screen designers try to place as many objects or controls as possible on each screen to utilize real estate on the operator interface panel display. Typically an operator does not require all the objects placed on one screen to run the machine or process in normal circumstances. Several of the objects are placed on the operational screens to handle exception conditions, such as machine setup and diagnostics. If it were possible to display these objects only when they are needed, the screens will look less congested making them less confusing, while reducing chances of accidental activation of wrong control.  
         OBJECTS AND ADVANTAGES  
         [0012]    The object and advantage of this invention are as follows:  
           [0013]    1. To provide means for controlling visibility of control objects on Operator Interface Panel screens under the control of operator.  
           [0014]    2. To provide means for controlling visibility of control objects on Operator Interface Panel screen under the control of connected controller.  
           [0015]    3. Making objects visible under certain conditions to make them context sensitive.  
           [0016]    4. By using context-sensitive objects, the screens can be made less congested, and more operator friendly.  
           [0017]    5. Less congested screens minimizes the chances of activating a wrong control by touching a nearby control unintentionally.  
           [0018]    6. Invisible objects eliminate the possibility of unnecessary interaction with the controls.  
           [0019]    7. Invisible objects eliminate the possibility of unauthorized interaction with the controls.  
         SUMMARY  
         [0020]    The invention allows a user to control the visibility of objects on an Operator Interface Panel screen. This makes it possible to display context-sensitive objects on the Panel screens, making the screens less congested. This also makes it possible to restrict access to these objects. In addition, since the screen is less congested, and if the objects are properly placed, the chances of accidental activation of a wrong control are reduced, particularly when operator wears gloves. 
       
    
    
     DRAWINGS  
       [0021]    [0021]FIG. 1 shows a typical system involving an operator interface panel or HMI.  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 2 shows major physical components of an HMI.  
         [0023]    [0023]FIG. 3 shows an HMI screen with several objects on it.  
         [0024]    [0024]FIG. 4 shows two screens, both showing a subset of objects from screen shown in FIG. 3.  
         [0025]    [0025]FIG. 5 shows a portion of a dialog box that relates to the visibility of object  
         [0026]    [0026]FIG. 6 shows a portion of the firmware in flow chart form that relates to the visibility 
     
    
     DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
       [0027]    [0027]FIG. 1 shows a typical system involving an HMI. The system consists of an HMI  12 , a Controller  13 , and a controlled entity  14 . Typically a PC  11  or a workstation is used only to program the HMI (and hence shown with dashed arrows connected to the HMI).  
         [0028]    HMIs are used in various industrial automation control systems, including machine controls, process control, etc. HMIs allow operators to interact with machine, process or any other controlled entity by reading and writing to controller&#39;s memory  14 . HMI accesses controller memory using addresses for memory locations.  
         [0029]    [0029]FIG. 2 shows an HMI&#39;s construction showing major physical parts of the HMI. HMI  12  typically consist of a flat Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) graphical screen  12 B, a touch screen  12 A, and associated electronics  12 C, and firmware to display graphical shapes, messages, and data information. The FIG. 2 shows the LCD screens for illustration, but the concept is valid even if the display were using any other display technology, such as CRT, EL, or any new maturing technologies. Touch screen is used for operator inputs to the HMI firmware. Although, only touch screen is shown here for means of inputting information by operator, the invention is valid for alternative input means, such as membrane keypad or a combination of touch screen and membrane keypads.  
         [0030]    Typically a PC  11  running screen-design software is used to design screens for HMIs. The designed-screens are then transferred to the HMI  12 . These screens consists of graphical representations of various control components, such as Push Buttons, Pilot Lights, Indicator Lights, Meters, Message Displays, Numeric Entry Buttons (keypads), Line graphs, Bar graph, etc, collectively called as Objects here.  
         [0031]    [0031]FIG. 3 shows an arbitrary screen  30  showing several objects on it. Only two types of objects  31   32  are shown here for illustration. The objects on screen could be any combination of supported objects. Again, just for illustration, assume that all nine objects (five of type Objects  31 , and four of type Object  32 ) are required for the operation of machine/process. Assume that five objects  31  are required in normal operation condition, and four objects  32  are required when machine has some fault. Obviously, the four objects  32  are not required under normal condition of machine, and can be hidden from the operator under normal operation.  
         [0032]    [0032]FIG. 4 shows two screens  40  and  41  with only one type of objects displayed in each of the two screens. Screen  40  displays five objects  31 , and screen  41  shows four objects  32 . Compared to Screen  30 , each of the screen  40  and  41  are less congested Objects  31  and  32  are shown for illustration. These could be any mix of the objects supported by the HMI.  
         [0033]    [0033]FIG. 5 shows a portion of the dialog box related to visibility of objects.  
         [0034]    [0034]FIG. 6 shows a firmware flow chart related to the visibility of objects.  
         [0035]    Included is also a CD that has computer readable screen design software &amp; firmware of an HMI.  
         [0036]    Operation  
         [0037]    In operation a user would design multiple screens for allowing an operator to interact with controller of the machine/process. The interaction with controller usually means, reading and writing to controller&#39;s memory using controller&#39;s communication protocol. The screens are designed to mimic real life hardwire control components. For example, screens would have on them Push Button, Indicator Light, Meters, etc.  
         [0038]    An object can be placed on a screen purely for cosmetic purposes (such as a bitmap of a company logo), or for display of information (such as displaying a message or a numeric value, say temperature of a chamber), or can have some action associated with them (for example, a push button). A Push Button, when touched, will manipulate (set, reset, toggle, etc) a bit in the controller memory mimicking pressing of a real physical Push Button. The objects, which display some information or react to touch, are associated with the controller memory addresses during screen design.  
         [0039]    Screen design is a very subjective thing. What is placed on the screen or how many objects are placed on one screen is very subjective. The invention allows user to hide or make some objects invisible based on controller state or conditions.  
         [0040]    In this invention, each visual object that can be placed on a screen of the HMI has a visibility property associated with it (FIG. 5, 51). During screen design, programmer uses dialog box (FIG. 5) to define visibility property of each object ( 52 ,  53 ). Mark the check box Visibility/Tag to enable visibility property for an object. Then provide a discrete variable tag, and the state (on or off) of the variable that would make the object visible. The firmware continuously monitors the controller memory bits (called Tag name  52  in FIG. 5) of all the visibility-enabled objects of currently displayed screen (Flow chart FIG. 6) to determine if the object should be displayed or be made invisible.  
         [0041]    The firmware checks for each object (currently visible or invisible) of the current screen to see if user has programmed visibility control for the object ( 61 ,  62 ). If the Visibility property has been programmed, then, firmware checks if the object is currently visible or invisible ( 63 ). If the object is visible, then the condition to make it invisible ( 64 ) is checked (the State of Tag bit ( 51 ) and the programmed condition if it should be made visible when the Tag Bit is ON or OFF ( 52 )). If condition is true, then the object is made invisible by painting the background in the area of the HMI screen occupied by the object ( 66 ).  
         [0042]    If the object is already invisible, then the condition to make it visible is checked ( 65 ). If condition is True, then the object is painted in its area ( 67 ). This way under controller&#39;s control the object&#39;s visibility on the screen is controlled.  
         [0043]    Included CD has a screen design software, called PowerPanel Programming software. The software runs on a PC running Windows 98, NT,  2000  or XP operating system with at least 800×600 screen resolution. To install the software follow the instructions given below:  
         [0044]    1. The CD is has an auto run feature, i.e. once you insert the CD, it would automatically run the setup program to install the screen design software. Follow on screen instructions to install the software.  
         [0045]    2. If for any reason, the CD does not auto run, please explore the CD, Find Setup.exe file and run it. Follow on screen instruction to complete the installation.  
         [0046]    To experience the visibility feature that makes the screens context-sensitive, the software has to be used along with one of Uticor&#39;s Power Panels. Design a few screens with objects and set the visibility feature for a few of theses objects. Transfer the screens to the PowerPanel. Bring the screen that has objects with the visibility tag set on display. Control the visibility bit of an object to make the object appear &amp; disappear from the screen.