Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing a lens system mount ( 4 ) for a lens system ( 1 ) of a camera, which can be used for vehicle applications, comprising the following method steps: The lens system mount ( 4 ) and a front housing shell ( 5 ) of the camera are produced as a single component in one working operation. The lens system mount ( 4 ) and the front housing shell ( 3 ) are made from metallic materials or plastic material with glass-fiber contents. The system mount ( 4 ) manufactured as a single piece with the front housing shell ( 3 ) is adapted to the length of the lens system ( 1 ) by machining.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0002]    The present invention relates to a camera module for use in motor vehicles. 
         [0003]    2. Description of Related Art 
         [0004]    Camera modules used in motor vehicle operation are not only subject to high mechanical stresses, but to considerable temperature fluctuations as well, and to the effects of moisture. When a camera module is used that does not have a completely impervious design, under the climatic conditions typical of automotive applications, this can lead to dew formation in the optical path on the one hand, and to degradation of the image quality on the other hand. Moisture condensation is often observed when high relative air humidity has set in in the interior of the camera module for a length of time at elevated temperatures, and the camera module is then cooled within a very short period of time. 
         [0005]    Optical recording units constructed from an objective lens and a sensor chip are typically designed to be hermetically sealed. The ingress of moisture resulting from vapor permeability that may be excessive for many of the materials used can be controlled by using absorbing agents, such as zeolite, for example. Besides gluing the front lens element of a lens stack in place, it is conceivable to use sealing rings, thus, for example, O-ring seals of various materials. This is a practical approach for achieving an impervious design. Compared to fixing in place by gluing, sealing rings made of elastomer material, for example, advantageously make a post-processing possible. Moreover, when sealing rings are used, there is no risk of contamination. 
         [0006]    To reliably ensure the sealing action when a sealing ring is used, a defined compression of the sealing ring is produced by the engagement of the threaded connection. However, because manufacturing variances are inherent in the structural heights within a lens stack, which may include a plurality of lenses, a constant compression is not ensured for all pieces when a sealing ring is clamped between the frontmost lens surface and a contact mass, such as a ring-shaped area in the tubular housing of the objective lens. Moreover, it must be ensured that the sealing ring is not unevenly clamped, which can result, for example, from localized overstraining when the parts are screwed in place during assembly. To ensure the requisite image quality for objective lenses in the application cases mentioned at the outset, it is important to have as few deviations as possible in the positioning of the individual lenses. Thus, the individual lenses of a lens stack require appropriate guidance; the guidance of the individual lenses must not be adversely affected by skewed sealing rings. When a seal is resting on a front surface, any encroachment on the available beam diameter is disadvantageous, since the edge thickness of the front lens cannot be arbitrarily reduced. 
         [0007]    A waterproof camera is described in published Japanese Patent Application No. JP 2002 090603. The waterproof camera is equipped with a camera housing which has a front part and a rear part. A lens stack is accommodated inside of the camera housing. Within the lens stack, a hollow space is formed behind the front lens. A lens allowing wide angle shots is situated inside the hollow space. The front lens of the lens stack is provided at the opening of the lens stack and, in addition, is used as seal. A projection at the edge of the lens stack is caulked onto the lens side in a thermal joining process. An O-ring seal is provided between the outer periphery of the lens and the peripheral surface of an inner wall for the lens stack to seal off the annular gap therebetween. In addition, another O-ring seal is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the edge part of the lens stack and the inner peripheral surface of the edge part of the front camera housing, in order to seal the clearance space therebetween. 
         [0008]    Published Japanese patent application JP 2001 352469 describes an optical device in which the components required for its assembly are reduced in number. A front lens is used as front cover of a camera housing. The front lens is inserted into a recess of the housing, whose edges are formed in such a way that the optical recording area is not restricted. The design of the camera housing fixes the front lens and a rear lens in their position. Due to the design of the camera housing of the camera according to JP 2001 352469, it is impossible to achieve a compact design of the camera. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0009]    According to the present invention, a compact and impervious design of a camera suitable for use in motor vehicles is provided, which is minimized with regard to the number of mechanical components and the mechanical interfaces and in which, during the assembly, the image sensor is positioned relative to the objective lens with the aid of a mechanical adjusting device. The mechanical adjusting advice may be a hexapod, for instance, which is able to be guided very precisely within six degrees of freedom. 
         [0010]    The objective lens, which is formed by a lens stack having a plurality of lenses, is rigidly joined to the camera housing, such as a first housing half-shell of the camera housing. This also defines the position of the lens with respect to affixation devices with whose aid the camera suitable for use in motor vehicles will later be mounted in the vehicle and aligned. The image sensor assigned to the camera is actively operated during its assembly, and the image formation of the test image recorded via the objective lens is automatically analyzed during the assembly with regard to the sharp definition in different image sections and for different positioning. While the camera is assembled, the image sensor assigned to the camera is varied in its position relative to the lens stack in order to determine the optimal assembly position. As a result, corrections with regard to the positioning of the image sensor are still possible during the assembly process of the camera. 
         [0011]    According to the present invention, an objective lens housing for accommodating a lens stack that encompasses a plurality of lenses, and a front housing shell of the camera which is suitable for use in motor vehicles, are able to be produced as one workpiece. It may be obtained from metal materials such as diecast aluminum, and thixomold, for example, or by way of deep-drawing. When using metal materials to produce the front housing shell of a camera suitable for use in motor vehicles, the imperviousness of the housing shell is ensured. Instead of the aforementioned metal materials, the front housing shell of the camera suitable for use in motor vehicles may also be made of plastic reinforced by glass fiber. The imperviousness of this material with regard to water vapor is produced via a metal film applied with the aid of plasma-coating technology. 
         [0012]    The mount for the lens stack, i.e., the tubular section of the objective lens housing, may be produced via chip-forming machining methods, for instance by post-lathing an aluminum diecast component. In the process, a precise alignment of the tubular section of the objective lens housing with respect to the affixation devices disposed on the outside of the housing shell is able to be achieved. The fitting of the objective lens, i.e., the installation of the lens stack including a plurality of lenses, into the front housing shell as well as its testing may carried out at a vendor&#39;s facility, as the case may be. The fitting of the objective lens mount formed in the front housing shell may be implemented both via the outer side and via the inside, and also from both directions. If the fitting of the objective lens mount of the front housing shell takes place at the rear side and the lens stack is screwed in with the aid of a screw-in element, a sealing ring may be installed, which seals a lens pointing in the direction of the exterior of the housing from the interior of the objective lens mount integrally formed on the front housing shell, and in this way provides sealing with respect to the inside of the front housing shell. 
         [0013]    The design approach provided according to the present invention makes it possible to dispense with a lens mount for accommodating the lens stack that would otherwise have to be separately installed in the housing of a camera suitable for use in motor vehicles. This also shortens the tolerance chain with regard to manufacture-related imprecisions, and it reduces the number of components. In addition, uncomplicated sealing of the camera housing is achievable. Furthermore, the design approach provided according to the present invention has the advantage of adapting the length of the objective lens mount, i.e., the tubular section, to the different applications during the post-machining, such as the post-lathing, which aids the component sharing principle. For instance, the front housing half-shell with integrated objective lens mount is able to be produced as aluminum diecast component, for example, which may be adapted to the particular application purpose via the chip-forming machining methods. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
         [0014]      FIG. 1  shows a section through a housing half-shell of a camera suitable for use in motor vehicles, the camera having an integrated objective lens mount and a lens stack situated therein. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0015]    A front housing shell  3  of a camera suitable for use in motor vehicles is shown in the illustration according to  FIG. 1 . Front housing shell  3  of a housing  2  includes an objective lens mount  4  to accommodate a lens stack  5  that encompasses a plurality of lenses. Lens stack  5  forms an objective lens  1  of the camera suitable for use in motor vehicles. 
         [0016]    Lens stack  5  includes an outer lens  6 , which is sealed from front housing shell  3  with the aid of a sealing ring  7 . To this end, front housing shell  3  has a recess  8  for sealing ring  7 . Recess  8  for sealing ring  7  is formed in front housing shell  3  in such a way that gripping edges  9  grasp sealing ring  7 , gripping edges  9  at the same time forming a bearing surface for outer lens  6 . On its side pointing toward the outside, it is provided with a convex curvature  10  and, on its side pointing toward the interior of front housing shell  3 , it is provided with a concave curvature  11 . Outer lens  6  is resting on an annular spacer  12 , which is inserted in objective lens mount  4 . 
         [0017]    A contact surface  13  is formed on one side of annular spacer  12 , on which outer lens  6  is resting via its concave curvature  11 , and there is a flexible zone  14  on the other side. Via flexible zone  14 , annular spacer  12  is braced on a second lens  15  of lens stack  5 . In the representation according to  FIG. 1 , second lens  15  has likewise been provided with a convexly shaped curvature on its side pointing in the direction of outer lens  6 , whereas the side of second lens  15  facing the housing interior of front housing shell  3  has a concave shape. A third lens  19  is disposed underneath second lens  15 . Third lens  19  has a planar surface  20  and is resting against wall areas  18  of a screw-in element  17  that may be inserted in objective lens mount  4 . Second lens  15  is braced on planar surface  20  of third lens  19  and on a contact surface  16  having an annular configuration. 
         [0018]    Third lens  19  of lens stack  5  has a concave curvature  21  in addition to planar surface  20 . Concave curvature  21  of third lens  19  is delimited by an annular surface. At this annular surface, third lens  19  is sitting on a diaphragm ring  22 . Diaphragm ring  22  in turn is braced on a bearing ring  23  of screw-in element  17 . Diaphragm ring  22  fixes a fourth lens  24  of lens stack  5  in place inside screw-in element  17 . Fourth lens  24 , which may have a first convex curvature  25  and a second convex curvature  26 , for instance, is gripped from below by a bearing edge  27  formed on the underside of screw-in element  17 , and retained in screw-in element  17 . 
         [0019]    In the representation according to  FIG. 1 , second lens  15 , third lens  19  and fourth lens  24  are guided through screw-in element  17  and lined up next to each other, screw-in element  17  including an external thread  30 , which cooperates with an internal thread  28  formed on the inner wall of objective lens mount  4 . Screw connection  29 , which is formed when screw-in element  17  is screwed into internal thread  28  of objective lens mount  4 , fixes lens stack  5  in place inside the objective lens mount. 
         [0020]    The front housing shell, illustrated in  FIG. 1 , of housing  2  of a camera able to be used in motor vehicles may be made of a metal material. Die-cast aluminum, for instance, or thixomold are suitable as metal materials. Front housing shell  3  illustrated in  FIG. 1  may also be produced by deep-drawing. When a metal material is used, front housing shell  3  is impervious to the ingress of water vapor. 
         [0021]    As an alternative, front housing shell  3 , to which a connection point  32  for a rear housing shell (not shown) of the camera able to be used in motor vehicles may be connected, can also be produced from plastic reinforced with glass fiber. If such a material is chosen, its imperviousness to water vapor may be achieved by a metal film deposited with the aid of plasma coating technology. Front housing shells  3  of housing  2  of the camera able to be used in motor vehicles may be produced by way of the shared component method. If a metal material is used, post-machining of objective lens mount  4  may be carried out by chip-forming machining methods such as post-lathing, in order to adapt the length of objective lens mount  4  to the height of lens stack  5 , i.e., the number of individual lenses included therein. As a result, a base element of a front housing shell  3  is able to be used for a plurality of camera variants of cameras for automotive applications. Furthermore, in a post-machining, objective lens mount  4  in front housing shell  3  is able to be precisely aligned with respect to affixation devices disposed on the outside of front housing shell  3 . 
         [0022]    The fitting of objective lens mount  4  of front housing shell  3  of housing  2  with individual lenses  6 ,  15 ,  19  and  24  may also be done by a vendor, if appropriate. Lenses  6 ,  15 ,  19  and  24  are able to be inserted in objective lens mount  4  both via inside  34  of objective lens mount  4 . Assembling individual lenses  6 ,  15 ,  19  and  24  both via outside  33  and via inside  34  is possible as well. If front housing shell  3  is fitted via housing cavity  31 , then sealing ring  7  is advantageously inserted in recesses  8  which are enclosed by grasping edges  9 , this being implemented prior to inserting outer lens  6  of lens stack  5  in objective lens mount  4 . As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , sealing ring  7  may be designed in the form of an O-ring; still other cross-sectional forms of sealing rings  7  may be considered in addition. Grasping edges  9  simultaneously serve as stop for convex curvature  10  of outer lens  6  of lens stack  5 . 
         [0023]    Due to the design approach provided by the present invention, it is advantageously possible to dispense with an objective lens mount that has to be installed separately and fixed in place inside of front housing shell  3 . In this way, the tolerance chain in the assembly of cameras suitable for use in motor vehicles is able to be reduced further. In addition, the approach provided according to the present invention allows an uncomplicated sealing of housing cavity  31  of the camera. 
         [0024]    For the sake of completeness, it should be mentioned that the rear housing shell of housing  2  (not shown in  FIG. 1 ) may be joined to front housing shell  3  shown in  FIG. 1 , at connection point  32 . Connection point  32  may be designed as a groove/spring system, for instance, which effectively prevents the ingress of water vapor, moisture or dirt particles into housing cavity  31  of the camera suitable for use in motor vehicles. To protect against penetrating moisture and also as EMV protection, inside  34  of housing  2  may be coated with the aid of plasma coating, for instance by a metal film.