Abstract:
A head assembly which can prevent an increase in the frictional force between the head and the recording medium, even if the spindle motor is rotated in the reverse direction during start-up of the disk drive. The head assembly includes a suspension having a roundedly bent portion for generating a spring load and a gimbal located on the suspension. A head slider is mounted on the gimbal. The head slider has an air bearing surface, an air inlet end, and an air outlet end. The spring load of said suspension is applied to the head slider at a load point that is offset from a center of gravity of said head slider. Preferably, the offset load point is located between the center of gravity of the head slider and its air inlet end. Additionally, the head slider preferably includes several pads extending from its air bearing surface, and the offset load point can be located at the center of gravity of the pads (as opposed to the center of gravity of the head slider in its entirety). There are two preferred configurations for realizing the offset load point of the present invention: (1) using a reinforcing plate connected to the suspension, and a pivot formed on the reinforcing plate and kept in pressure contact with the slider mounting portion of the gimbal, such that the pivot applies the spring load to the head slider; and (2) bending the gimbal at a neck portion thereof by a given angle to apply the spring load.

Description:
The present invention relates generally to a magnetic head assembly including a magnetic head slider having a plurality of pads, and more particularly to a magnetic head assembly capable of preventing stiction of a magnetic head slider to a magnetic disk during the start of rotation of the magnetic disk drive. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     In recent years, there is a desire for reducing the size and increasing the capacity of magnetic disk drives for use as external storage devices in computers. One method of increasing the capacity of the magnetic disk drive is to increase the number of magnetic disks mounted on a spindle, and in association therewith the spacing between the magnetic disks in recent magnetic disk drives has increasingly been reduced in order to reduce the overall height of the disk drive unit. 
     In recent magnetic disk drives, flying type magnetic head sliders employing the contact start and stop (CSS) system are frequently used. In such flying type magnetic head sliders with the CSS system, the magnetic head slider comes into contact with the magnetic disk when the disk drive stops rotating, but whereas during rotation, the magnetic head slider is kept flying at a microscopic height from the disk surface by an air flow generated over the surface of the magnetic disk, which rotates at a high speed during the recording or reproduction of information. 
     In flying type magnetic head sliders with the CSS system, an electromagnetic transducer (i.e., a magnetic head element) is built into the slider, which receives the air flow generated over the disk surface. To maintain the slider in position, it is supported by a suspension. Accordingly, when the magnetic disk is not being rotated, the slider (including the electromagnetic transducer) is in contact with the disk surface, whereas when the magnetic disk is rotated, an air bearing surface of the slider that is opposed to the magnetic disk receives an air flow generated by the rotation of the magnetic disk, and the slider flies a small distance either above or below the disk surface. As a result, the electromagnetic transducer built into the slider is moved over the disk surface while being supported by the suspension, and performs recording or reproduction of information on a given track. 
     In a magnetic disk drive employing a conventional flying type magnetic head slider, a pair of rails are generally provided along opposite side portions of the surface of the magnetic head slider that opposes the disk surface. Each of these two rails includes a flat air bearing surface. Further, a tapering surface is formed on each rail at its air inlet end portion. The air bearing surface of each rail receives an air flow generated by the high-speed rotation of the magnetic disk, which makes the slider fly above (or below) the disk, maintaining a microscopic distance between the disk surface and the electromagnetic transducer. 
     With the CSS system, a relatively steady microscopic flying height (in the submicron range) can be obtained when the disk is rotated at a constant speed. However, when the disk is not being rotated, the rail surfaces (air bearing surfaces) of the slider are in contact with the disk. Accordingly, when the magnetic disk drive starts or stops rotating, the air bearing surfaces slide on the surface of the magnetic disk. If the surface roughness of the magnetic disk is low (i.e., if the disk surface is relatively smooth), the contact area between the air bearing surfaces and the magnetic disk surface during periods of non-rotation is large, and there arises a stiction problem between the magnetic head slider and the magnetic disk during the start of rotation of the magnetic disk. 
     To avoid stiction, the surface roughness of the magnetic disk has conventionally been increased to a suitable level. However, such increases in surface roughness have the drawback of causing an increase in the flying height. Thus, in order to reduce the flying height of the magnetic head slider in response to the requirement for high-density recording, the surface roughness of the magnetic disk needs to be decreased, even though such a decrease in roughness increases stiction in conventional devices. 
     In general, to improve the durability of the magnetic disk, a protective film made of a hard material such as carbon, and a lubricating layer for reducing friction and wear of the protective film are formed on a recording layer of the disk. Due to the presence of the lubricating layer, friction and wear of the protective film can be reduced. However, when the disk stops rotating, there is a possibility that stiction between the disk and the slider may occur, preventing the disk drive from being restarted. 
     In association with increases in the amount of information being processed, the developments in high density, large capacity, and compact size magnetic disk drives been remarkable, and the occurrence of stiction has been greatly highlighted as a cause of faulty operation of the disk drive. One of the reasons for such faulty operation is the use of spindle motors with reduced torque (because of their small size). Another reason for such faulty operation is the smoothing out of the disk surface in order to achieve high density recording. 
     To prevent this stiction problem, it has been proposed to provide a plurality of pads, or projections, on the flying surfaces (i.e., air bearing surfaces) of the slider, thereby reducing the contact area between the slider and the disk surface. In assembling a magnetic head assembly by mounting such a magnetic head slider having a plurality of pads upon a front end portion of a suspension formed of stainless steel, the magnetic head slider is mounted on the front end portion of the suspension so that its load point (the point where the spring load of the suspension is applied to the magnetic head slider) coincides with the center of gravity of the magnetic head slider. 
     At present, a three-phase Hall-less motor employing no Hall element is generally used as the motor for rotating the spindle. In a CSS type magnetic disk drive, the magnetic head slider comes into contact with the magnetic disk when the disk drive is powered off, as mentioned above. Upon restarting the disk drive, a current is passed through any one of the three-phase coils to position the coil near a permanent magnet. At this time, the motor is rotated in either the forward direction or the reverse direction, depending upon the positional relationship between the coil and the permanent magnet upon stopping of the disk drive, so that the motor is rotated forwardly or reversely by about 60° to position the coil near the permanent magnet. After this positioning, the current passing through each phase is controlled to be switched, thereby continuously rotating the motor in the forward direction. In this manner, the rotating direction of the motor is determined according to the positional relationship between the coil and the permanent magnet upon stopping of the disk drive. Accordingly, the initial reverse rotation of the motor occurs with a probability of about 50%. 
     In the case of a magnetic head slider having pads formed on an air bearing surface, it has been found that such reverse rotation of the motor causes the following problem, which will now be described with reference to FIG. 1, which is a schematic side view of a magnetic head slider  2  parked on a magnetic disk  4 . FIG. 4, an arrow R 1  denotes the forward rotating direction of the magnetic disk  4 , and an arrow R 2  denotes the reverse rotating direction of the magnetic disk  4 . Two pads  6  are formed on the air bearing surfaces of the head slider  2  near the air inlet end of the head slider  2 , although only one pad  6  is shown in the FIG. 1 view. Similarly, two pads  8  are formed on the air bearing surfaces of the head slider  2  at an intermediate position between the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the head slider  2 , although only one is shown in FIG.  1 . In particular, the pad  8  that is formed on the air bearing surface where a head element (transducer) is formed is located at a substantially longitudinally central position of the head slider  2 . The reason for locating the pad  8  in such a position is to minimize the spacing between the head element and the magnetic disk  4  during flying of the magnetic head slider  2 , thereby reducing wasted space and preventing projection of the pad  8  beyond the minimum flying height of the magnetic head slider  2 . 
     Reference numeral  10  denotes the center of gravity of the slider  2 , about which moments are generated when the spindle is rotated. When the spindle is rotated in the forward direction, a clockwise moment M 1  (as viewed in FIG. 1) is generated. This clockwise moment M 1  causes the pads  6  to be pressed against the magnetic disk  4 . In this case, the overhang of the slider  2  that projects between the pads  6  and the lower edge of the air inlet end of the slider  2  is small, so that there is little possibility that this lower edge of the air inlet end of the slider  2  will come into contact with the recording surface of the magnetic disk  4 . In other words, if slider  2  is rotated in direction M 1 , there is little chance that its lower right hand corner (as shown in FIG. 1) will contact the disk  4 . 
     However, when the spindle is reversely rotated during positioning of the coil and the magnet in the Hall-less motor, a counterclockwise moment M 2  (as viewed in FIG. 1) is generated. This counterclockwise moment M 2  causes the pads  8  and the surfaces on the left-hand side of the slider  2  to be pressed against the magnetic disk  4 . As shown in FIG. 1, the overhang of the slider  2  that projects between the pads  8  and the lower edge of the air outlet end of the slider  2  is large, so that there is a significant possibility that this lower edge of the air outlet end of the slider  2  will come into contact with the recording surface of the magnetic disk  4 , resulting in an increase in the frictional force between the slider  2  and the magnetic disk  4 . In this case, the lower edge of slider  2  being referred to is that shown at the lower left-hand corner, as shown in FIG.  1 . Such contact between the lower edge of the slider  2  and the magnetic disk  4  may hinder the ability of the spindle to smoothly start rotating the disk  4 . 
     It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide a head assembly which can minimize or prevent contact between the slider edges and the disk surface, which prevents increasing the frictional force between the head slider and the recording medium, even during reverse rotation of the spindle motor, during start-up of the disk drive. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide a disk drive which can improve the recording density by using a recording medium which has a smooth recording surface, while still reducing the spacing between the head element and the recording medium. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Briefly, the present invention provides an improved head assembly in which contact between the slider edges and the disk medium is eliminated, or at least minimized, even during reverse rotation, by changing the location of where the spring load is applied to the slider. If the spring load is moved from the center of gravity of the slider to a position between the center of gravity of the slider and the air inlet end of the slider, a moment is created that reduces the effects of the counterclockwise moment M 2  (see FIG.  1 ), whereby counterclockwise rotation of the slider that may occur when the disk medium is rotated in the reverse direction is reduced or eliminated. Accordingly, with the present invention, the probability of contact between the outer edge of the slider and the disk is reduced. 
     More specifically, the present invention relates to a head assembly (or a disk drive with such a head assembly) that includes a suspension having a roundedly bent portion for generating a spring load with a gimbal located on that suspension, and where the suspension has a slider mounting portion thereon. Additionally, there is a head slider mounted on the slider mounting portion of said gimbal, and the head slider includes an air bearing surface, an air inlet end, and an air outlet end. The spring load of the suspension is applied to the head slider at a load point that is offset from a center of gravity of the head slider, such that the offset load point is located between the center of gravity of the head slider and the air inlet end of said head slider. 
     Preferably, the head slider also includes several pads extending from its air bearing surface, and the offset load point of the spring load of the suspension is preferably set to substantially coincide with a center of gravity of the plurality of pads. Alternatively, the offset load point may be set to substantially coincide with a position lying on a straight line connecting two of the pads formed near the air inlet end. 
     There are at least two different configurations for realizing the offset load point of the present invention. The first configuration includes a reinforcing plate connected to the suspension, and a pivot formed on the reinforcing plate and kept in pressure contact with the slider mounting portion of the gimbal, such that the pivot applies the spring load of the suspension to the head slider. In the second configuration, the gimbal is bent at a neck portion thereof by a given angle with respect to the suspension such that the spring load of the suspension is applied to the head slider at the offset load point. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described herein with reference to the drawings wherein: 
     FIG. 1 is a side view of a magnetic head slider, for illustrating a problem in the prior art; 
     FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a magnetic disk drive of the present invention with its cover removed; 
     FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a head assembly according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 3B is a longitudinal sectional view of the head assembly shown in FIG. 3A; 
     FIG. 4 is a plan view of a head slider of the head assembly shown in FIG. 3A; 
     FIG. 5A is a side view of the head slider in its flying condition, showing its pitch angle; 
     FIG. 5B is an end view of the head slider in its flying condition, showing its roll angle; 
     FIG. 6 is a sectional view of an essential part of an MR head mounted on the head slider; 
     FIG. 7A is a top plan view of the head assembly according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing details not visible in FIGS. 3A and 3B; 
     FIG. 7B is a side view of the head assembly shown in FIG. 7A; 
     FIG. 8 is a bottom plan view of the head assembly shown in FIG. 7A; 
     FIG. 9A is a top plan view of a head assembly according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 9B is a side view of the head assembly shown in FIG. 9A; 
     FIG. 10 is a side view of the head assembly according to the second preferred embodiment showing the spring portion with rounded bend therein. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Referring to FIG. 2, there is shown a perspective view of a magnetic disk drive with its cover removed. Reference numeral  12  denotes a base. A shaft  14  is fixed to the base  12 . A spindle hub (not shown) is rotatably mounted on the shaft  14  so as to be driven by a Hall-less spindle motor (not shown). 
     A plurality of magnetic disks  16  and spacers (not shown) are mounted on the spindle hub in such a manner as to be alternately stacked. That is, the plural magnetic disks  16  are fixedly mounted on the spindle hub by securing a disk clamp  18  to the spindle hub by a plurality of screws  20 , and these disks  16  are equally spaced apart at a given distance by the spacers. 
     Reference numeral  22  denotes a rotary actuator consisting of an actuator arm assembly  24  and a magnetic circuit  26 . The actuator arm assembly  24  is mounted so as to be rotatable about a shaft  28 , which is fixed to the base  12 . 
     The actuator arm assembly  24  includes an actuator block  30  that is rotatably mounted on the shaft  28  through a pair of bearings. The actuator arm assembly  24  further includes a plurality of actuator arms  32  that extend from the actuator block  30  in one direction, and a head assembly  34  that is fixed to a front end portion of each actuator arm  32 . 
     Each head assembly  34  includes a head slider  36  that has a head element (i.e., such as an electromagnetic transducer or an optical element) for reading/writing data from/to the corresponding magnetic disk  16 , and a suspension  38  that has a front end portion for supporting the head slider  36  and a base end portion fixed to the corresponding actuator arm  32 . A coil (not shown) is supported on the actuator block  30  the opposite side from where the actuator arms  32  extend from. The magnetic circuit  26  and the coil, which is inserted into a gap in the magnetic circuit  26 , constitute a voice coil motor (VCM)  40 . 
     Reference numeral  42  denotes a flexible printed circuit board (FPC) for supplying a write signal to the magnetic head element and for taking a read signal from the magnetic head element. The flexible printed circuit board  42  is fixed at one end to a side surface of the actuator block  30 . 
     FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a head assembly  34  according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a longitudinal sectional view of the head assembly  34  shown in FIG.  3 A. 
     Reference numeral  38  denotes a suspension, which may be formed of stainless steel, for example. The suspension  38  includes a spring portion  38   a  and a rigid portion  38   b.  A reinforcing plate  44  is spot-welded to the lower surface of the rigid portion  38   b  of the suspension  38 . 
     In the preferred embodiment, the total length of the head assembly  34  is approximately 16.0 mm, and its maximum width is approximately 4.4 mm at its base end where a spacer  52  is affixed. The suspension  38  preferably has a thickness of approximately 22 μm and a weight of approximately 2.4 mg. Note that the preceding dimensions were given for the purposes of illustration only, and it is contemplated that alternate dimensions may also be utilized without departing from the spirit of the invention. 
     The suspension  38  preferably includes an integrally formed gimbal  46 , located near its front end. This gimbal  46  is created by a substantially U-shaped slit  48  formed at the front end portion of the suspension  38  which thereby defines the gimbal  46  inside of the slit  48 . A magnetic head slider  36  is fixed to the upper surface of the gimbal  46  by an adhesive or the like. 
     The spacer  52  (which is used for fixing the head assembly  34  to the corresponding actuator arm  34 ) is preferably fixed to the base end portion of the suspension  38  by spot welding. A pivot  50  is formed at a front end portion of the reinforcing plate  44 . The pivot  50  is in contact with the lower surface of the gimbal  46  to thereby support the magnetic head slider  36 . The reinforcing plate  44  preferably has a total length of approximately 5.0 mm, a maximum width of approximately 2.0 mm, a thickness of approximately 30 μm, and an approximate weight of 1.4 mg, although other dimensions and weights are also contemplated as being within the scope of the invention. 
     The pivot  50  preferably has a height of approximately 50 μm, and the magnetic head slider  36  preferably has a length of approximately 1.2 mm, a width of approximately 1.0 mm, a height of approximately 0.3 mm, and a weight of approximately 1.6 mg. Although, once again, other dimensions and weights are also contemplated. 
     As shown in FIG. 3B, the gimbal  46  is slightly raised above the upper surface of the suspension  38  by the pivot  50 . Accordingly, a preload F is applied to the gimbal  46  when the head slider  36  is in an unloaded condition (i.e., when the slider is not loaded onto the magnetic disk). In this condition, the gimbal  46  is maintained substantially parallel with the suspension  38 . 
     During mounting of the head assembly  34  into the magnetic disk drive, the spring portion  38   a  of the suspension  38  is bent to form a generally rounded bend as shown in FIG.  10 . By bending the spring portion  38   a  in this rounded manner, the spring load of the spring portion  38   a  is applied through the pivot  50  to the head slider  36  when the head assembly  34  is mounted in the magnetic disk drive. That is, the tip of the pivot  50  falls at a load point of the spring load. 
     As shown in FIG. 3A, an MR wiring pattern  54  and a coil wiring pattern  60  are formed by printing upon the upper surface of the suspension  38 . The MR wiring pattern  54  consists of a pair of lead lines  56  and  58 , and the coil wiring pattern  60  consists of a pair of lead lines  62  and  64 . Each of the lead lines  56 ,  58 ,  62 , and  64  is preferably formed mainly of copper, and preferably gold is deposited on the copper through nickel by evaporation. 
     The lead lines  56  and  58  have first ends respectively connected to the terminals of a magnetoresistive element (MR element, which will hereinafter be described) in the magnetic head slider  36  by bonding through gold balls  66 . On the other hand, the lead lines  62  and  64  have first ends respectively connected to the terminals of a coil (which will hereinafter be described) in the magnetic head slider  36  by bonding through gold balls  68 . 
     A tab  70  is formed at one side edge of the suspension  38 , and four terminals  72 ,  74 ,  76 , and  78  are formed on the tab  70 . The terminals  72 ,  74 ,  76 , and  78  are connected to the second ends of the lead lines  56 ,  58 ,  62 , and  64 , respectively. 
     Referring now to FIG. 4, there is shown a plan view of the magnetic head slider  36  used in the head assembly  34 . A pair of rails  80  and  82  is formed on the surface of the slider  36  that will oppose the surface of the magnetic disk. The rails  80  and  82  respectively have flat air bearing surfaces  80   a  and  82   a  for generating a flying force while the disk is rotating. Tapering surfaces  80   b  and  82   b  are formed at the air inlet end portions of the rails  80  and  82 , respectively. A groove  86  is defined between the rails  80  and  82  to expand the air previously compressed and thereby to generate a negative pressure. 
     A head element  88  is formed on the air outlet end of the slider  36  at a transverse position adjacent to the rail  80 . A center rail  84  is formed between the rails  80  and  82  at a portion near the air inlet end of the slider  36 . 
     Each of the rails  80  and  82  is shaped to have a wider width at its opposite end portions near the air inlet end and the air outlet end, and a narrower width at its longitudinally intermediate portion, thereby suppressing variations in flying height due to changes in the yaw angle. Further, the formation of the tapering surfaces  80   b  and  82   b  near the air inlet end of the slider  36  makes it possible to minimize variations in flying height when dust is present upon the magnetic disk. 
     Two pads  90  and  92  are formed on the air bearing surface  80   a  of the rail  80 , and two pads  94  and  96  are formed on the air bearing surface  82   a  of the rail  82 . The pads  90 ,  92 ,  94 , and  96  may be formed from diamond-like carbon (DLC), for example. 
     The pads  90  and  94  are preferably formed near the air inlet end of the slider  36  at the same position with respect to the longitudinal axis of the slider  36 . Pad  90  extends across the boundary between the air bearing surface  80   a  and the tapering surface  80   b.  Similarly, pad  94  extends across the boundary between the air bearing surface  82   a  and the tapering surface  82   b.    
     On the other hand, the pads  92  and  96  are preferably formed at different positions from each other along the longitudinal axis. The pads  92  and  96  are preferably located at different positions between the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the slider  36  at such positions where the pads  92  and  96  do not project beyond a minimum flying height (to be hereinafter described) during flying of the slider  36 . 
     More specifically, the pad  92  formed on the rail  80  is preferably shifted toward the air inlet end of the slider  36  in comparison with the pad  96  formed on the rail  82 . The positions of the pads  92  and  96  are not located at the same position along the longitudinal axis because the flying height of the rail  80  adjacent to the head element  88  is set to be lower than the flying height of the rail  82 . The flying height of the rail  80  can be made smaller than the flying height of the rail  82  by setting the width of the rail  80  to be less than the width of the rail  82 , as shown in FIG.  4 . 
     Referring to FIGS. 5A and 5B, the flying attitude of the head slider  36  is shown. The head slider  36  is so designed as to have a pitch angle A shown in FIG. 5A and a roll angle B shown in FIG. 5B during its flying condition so that the head element  88  comes closest to the minimum flying height  98  shown by the dashed line. Furthermore, the positions and heights of the pads  90 ,  92 ,  94 , and  96  are set so that they do not project beyond the minimum flying height  98  during the flying condition of the slider  36 . 
     The pitch angle A is defined as an angle between the longitudinal axis of the slider  36  and a line denoting the minimum flying height  98  during the flying condition of the slider  36  as shown in FIG. 5A, whereas the roll angle B is defined as an angle between a transverse line of the slider  36  and a line denoting the minimum flying height  98  during the flying condition of the slider  36  as shown in FIG.  5 B. In the preferred embodiment, the pitch angle A is preferably between 50-200 microradians (and is more preferably between 90-150 microradians), and the roll angle B is preferably between 10-80 microradians (and is more preferably between 20-40 microradians). 
     Referring again to FIG. 4, reference symbol G 1  denotes the center of gravity of the head slider  36 . In a conventional head assembly, the head slider  36  is mounted on a suspension so that the load point of the spring load of the suspension coincides with the center of gravity G 1  of the head slider  36 . 
     However, such a slider mounting structure in the conventional head assembly has a problem such that if the Hall-less spindle motor is reversely rotated during the start of the rotation of the disk, the lower edge of the air outlet end of the head slider  36  often comes into contact with the magnetic disk surface as mentioned previously. 
     To solve this problem, in the present invention the pivot  50  is positioned relative to the head slider  36  when fixed to the gimbal  46  so that the load point of the spring portion  38   a  of the suspension  38  is shifted from the center of gravity G 1  of the slider  36  toward the air inlet end of the slider  36 . 
     By setting the position of the pivot  50  closer to the air inlet end as mentioned above, there is generated a moment canceling the moment M 2  about the center of gravity G 1  of the slider  36  generated by reverse rotation of the spindle as shown in FIG. 1, thereby solving the problem that the lower edge of the air outlet end of the slider  36  may come into contact with the magnetic disk surface at starting the disk drive. 
     Preferably, the load point is set to coincide with a center of gravity G 2  of the pads  90 ,  92 ,  94 , and  96  (as opposed to point G 1 , which is the center of gravity of the entire slider  36 ). Accordingly, the spring load can be uniformly applied to the pads  90  to  96 , thereby preventing abnormal wearing of the pads  90  to  96  due to nonuniform contact of the pads  90  to  96  with the magnetic disk surface. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the wear of each pad due to CSS and to obtain stable flying start characteristics. 
     As a modification, the load point may be set to coincide with an intersection F of a longitudinally extending center line of the slider  36  and a transverse line connecting the pads  90  and  94  formed near the air inlet end of the slider  36 . By shifting the load point to such a position near the air inlet end of the slider  36 , it is possible to effectively solve the problem that the lower edge of the air outlet end of the slider  36  may come into contact with the magnetic disk surface. In this preferred embodiment, the load point is determined by the position of the pivot  50  relative to the slider  36 . 
     As shown in FIG. 6, the magnetic head slider  36  has a conductive substrate  100  and a nonmagnetic insulating layer  102  formed on the conductive substrate  100 . The nonmagnetic insulating layer  102  may be formed of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), for example. 
     First and second magnetic shields  104  and  106 , which may be formed of nickel-iron (Ni—Fe), for example, are embedded in the nonmagnetic insulating layer  102 . A gap  108  for improving the reproductive resolution is defined between the first and second magnetic shields  104  and  106  on a front end surface (i.e., the medium opposing surface)  110  of the head slider  36 . 
     A magnetoresistive element (MR element)  112 , which may be formed of nickel-iron (Ni—Fe), is embedded in the gap  108  so as to be exposed to the front end surface  110  of the head slider  36 . Although not shown, a sense current source is connected to a pair of terminals of the magnetoresistive element  112  to supply a constant sense current to the magnetoresistive element  112 . 
     Reference numeral  116  denotes a magnetic pole having one end exposed to the front end surface  110  of the head slider  36  and the other end connected to the second magnetic shield  106 . A conductor coil  114  is wound substantially around a connected portion between the magnetic pole  116  and the second magnetic shield  106 . 
     By passing a current modulated by information to be recorded through the coil  114 , a magnetic field having a strength corresponding to the amperage of the modulated current is induced to thereby magnetically record the information on a recording track of the magnetic disk  16 . 
     In reading information recorded on the magnetic disk  16 , the magnetoresistive element  112  is used. That is, a signal magnetic flux from a recording track of the magnetic disk  16  is received into the head slider  36  to enter the magnetoresistive element  112  and thereby magnetize it. The magnetic flux passed through the magnetoresistive element  112  is absorbed by the first and second magnetic shields  104  and  106 . 
     The resistance of the magnetoresistive element  112  changes with a change in the magnitude of the signal magnetic flux. Because a constant sense current is supplied from the sense current source to the magnetoresistive element  112 , the voltage between the pair of terminals of the magnetoresistive element  112  changes with changes in the resistance. Thus, the information recorded on the magnetic disk  16  can be reproduced as a voltage signal. 
     FIG. 7A is a detailed top plan view of the head assembly  34  shown in FIG. 3A, and FIG. 7B is a side view of the head assembly  34 . FIG. 8 is a detailed bottom plan view of the head assembly  34 . 
     In FIG. 7A, the MR wiring pattern  54  and the coil wiring pattern  60  are not shown. These wiring patterns are covered with an insulating film  118 . 
     As shown in FIG. 7A, a pair of through holes  120  are formed at a front end portion of the reinforcing plate  44 . The through holes  120  can be visually recognized through the slit  48 , so that the through holes  120  can be used as reference holes in positioning the head slider  36  on the gimbal  46 . In assembling the head assembly  34 , the through holes  120  are visually recognized and the head slider  36  is automatically mounted on the gimbal  46  at a given position by an assembly robot. 
     As shown in FIGS. 7B and 8, a damper member  122  is bonded to the lower surface of the reinforcing plate  44 . The damper member  122  may be a piece of double-sided adhesive tape, for example, and is used to improve the balance of the head assembly  34 . 
     Referring to FIG. 9A, there is shown a top plan view of a head assembly  34 ′ according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9B is a side view of the head assembly  34 ′. The head assembly  34 ′ has a suspension  38 ′ preferably formed of stainless steel. The suspension  38 ′ is integrally formed at its front end portion with a gimbal  126  by etching, for example. 
     Like the first preferred embodiment mentioned above, an MR wiring pattern and a coil wiring pattern (both not shown) are formed on the suspension  38 ′. These wiring patterns are covered with an insulating film  118 ′. 
     A spacer  52 ′ is fixed to a base end portion of the suspension  38 ′, such as by spot welding, for example. The suspension  38 ′ is formed at its opposite side portions with a pair of ribs  124  for imparting rigidity to the suspension  38 ′. A damper member  122 , such as a piece of double-sided adhesive tape, is bonded to the lower surface of the suspension  38 ′. 
     Referring to FIG. 10, there is shown a side view of the head assembly  34 ′ in the condition that the spring portion  38   a  of the suspension  38 ′ is roundedly bent. In mounting the head assembly  34 ′ into the magnetic disk drive, the spring portion  38   a  of the suspension  38 ′ is roundedly bent by an angle θ 1  as shown in FIG.  10 . Thereafter, the head assembly  34 ′ is mounted into the magnetic disk drive. 
     The bending angle θ 1  is set to about 10° in a free condition where the head slider  36  is not restricted by the disk. When the head assembly  34 ′ is mounted into the magnetic disk drive, the head slider  36  comes into pressure contact with the corresponding magnetic disk because of the bend of the spring portion  36 , so that the spring load of the spring portion  38   a  is applied to the head slider  36 . 
     The gimbal  126  is bent by an angle θ 2  at its neck portion  128  continuous to the front end of the suspension  38 ′. The load point of the spring load is determined by the bending angle θ 2 . In a conventional head assembly, the bending angle θ 2  is preliminarily adjusted so that the load point coincides with the center of gravity of the head slider  36 . 
     In the head assembly  34 ′ according to this preferred embodiment, the bending angle θ 2  is set larger than that in the conventional head assembly to thereby shift the load point from the center of gravity of the head slider  36  toward the air inlet end of the head slider  36 . 
     For example, by setting the bending angle θ 2  to 3.45°, the load point can be set to substantially coincide with the center of gravity of a plurality of pads (not shown) of the head slider  36 . Like the first preferred embodiment, the load point may be set to substantially coincide with an intersection of a longitudinally extending center line of the slider  36  and a transverse line connecting the pads formed near the air inlet end of the slider  36 . 
     According to the present invention, it is possible to eliminate the problem that the lower edge of the air outlet end of the slider may come into contact with the disk surface in the case of reverse rotation of the Hall-less spindle motor during the start of rotation of the disk drive. Accordingly, it is possible to reliably eliminate the problem that the spindle motor may be unable to start rotation because of an increased load. 
     Accordingly, by using a magnetic disk having a smooth recording surface, the spacing between the head and the disk can be reduced, thereby contributing to an increase in recording density of a disk drive. 
     While various embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it should be understood that other modifications, substitutions and alternatives may be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. Such modifications, substitutions and alternatives can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which should be determined from the appended claims. 
     Various features of the invention are set forth in the appended claims.