Abstract:
The present invention provides apparatus and method for automatic number identification (ANI) for a data access arrangement (DAA) of a modem. Modems or telephones equipped with an ANI system use the caller ID (ANI) signals to identify the calling telephone or modem. For automatic number identification, the invention uses a new switch element on the secondary winding side of a transformer and a standard DAA circuit on the primary winding side of the transformer. The invention does not require an additional AC coupling path for the caller ID (ANI) signals. During an ANI operation, the new ANI switch on the secondary winding side is opened so that the impedance looking into the modem from the telephone line side becomes relatively high and the prior art voltage divide effect is eliminated or reduced. Consequently, the caller ID (ANI) signals that appear at the secondary winding of the transformer have virtually the same amplitudes as the caller ID (ANI) signals that appear at the telephone line with little or zero attenuation. During normal modem operations, the new ANI switch remains closed to allow signal transmissions and support impedance matching.

Description:
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/872,376 filed Jun. 10, 1997 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,901,210. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention relates to the field of data communication equipment (DCE), and in particular to automatic number identification system for data access arrangement (DAA). 
     2. Background Art 
     Telephone systems were originally designed for voice communication. As new technologies have emerged, methods have been devised to transmit other types of information over telephone lines. These methods typically require the connections of other equipment besides the voice telephone set to the telephone line. Examples of such equipment include computer modems, facsimile (“fax”) machines, answering machines, voice mail systems, phone patches, and automatic number identification (ANI) or “Caller ID” systems. 
     An automatic number identification (ANI) system allows a modem or a telephone to identify the caller ID signals without user intervention. Some telephones and modems are equipped with ANI capability to provide users the convenience of ANI system. However, the prior art telephones and modems with ANI capability suffer significant ANI signal attenuation and have limited system design flexibility. 
     A modem enables two digital electronic systems to communicate over the telephone network. A typical telephone network comprises a single twisted pair of wires (called the “tip” and “ring” lines). Digital equipment systems, on the other hand, require two separate paths of communication to communicate with each other. Also, the signals present within the above equipment often have different electrical characteristics than the signals that may be transmitted on a telephone line. Thus, an interface is required to connect such equipment to a telephone line. 
     The modem is placed between the digital computer and the analog telephone system, providing the necessary interface between the telephone network and digital systems over the tip and ring lines. The modem accepts a serial stream of bits as input and produces a modulated carrier as output, thus converting the digital signals of the computer to analog signals for transmission on telephone lines, or vice versa. 
     To meet regional telephone companies&#39; requirements, a modem typically comprises a DAA (Data Access Arrangement), which is used to connect to a dial-up switched telephone line. Traditionally, especially for computer modems, a DAA is used to connect equipment to a telephone line. A DAA typically provides isolation, impedance matching, hybrid circuit and sometimes amplification, filtering and control functions. 
     When a modem is equipped with an ANI system, it allows to identify the caller ID and register the caller ID in a memory device. If the modem is connected to a computer, then other options are possible to use the caller ID in more sophisticated ways. For example, the computer can receive the caller ID from the modem, display it on a screen, store it in its memory, or write it in a file. 
     An ANI system is also useful for such state-of-the-art technology as “recall.” When an attempted telephone call goes unanswered, the caller ID is identified by an automatic number identification system on the called telephone and stored in a memory device such as a random access memory (RAM). When a user on the called telephone side wishes to call the last number the user missed, the user can press a special “recall” button or a combination of buttons, such as the “*” key followed by the “9” key, on the user&#39;s telephone key panel to initiate an outgoing call to the last number that called. Upon detecting a special key sequence for “recall,” the user&#39;s telephone makes a “recall” to the telephone number that last called. 
     In an ANI system, caller ID signals are sent to a called modem or a telephone when a call is made to the called telephone number. The caller ID signals provide the called telephone or modem with identification of the calling telephone. The called telephone uses the caller ID (ANI) signals to identify the calling telephone or modem. Typical caller ID signals include frequency shift keyed (FSK) modem tones transmitted between rings of the ringing signal. 
     Prior art ANI systems were implemented by adding extra circuit components to DAA circuits to implement a caller ID signal path. These prior art ANI systems often led to a more complex, expensive design architecture, and resulted in significant caller ID (ANI) signal attenuation up to 18 dB or more. FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a prior art DAA circuit for a European-compatible modem with ANI capability. The circuit in FIG. 1 has a caller ID signal path that comprises switch SW 3 , capacitor C 2 , and resistor R 1 . Capacitor C 2  is used to block DC current from being supplied to transformer T 1 . 
     In FIG. 1, transmitted signal TXA is amplified by amplifier A 1  and provided to transformer T 1  through impedance network Z 1 . The typical value of Z 1  is approximately 300 Ω for U.S. designs and 300 Ω+(374 Ω resistance in parallel with 200 nf capacitance) for international designs. Received signals from the telephone line (represented by the tip and ring lines) are fed to amplifier A 2  and to line RXA. Transformer T 1  isolates the outgoing signal from the received signal. Transformer T 1  has a primary winding and a secondary winding. 
     The primary winding of transformer T 1  is coupled to capacitor C 1 , which is coupled to the “tip” line through switch SW 1 . Protection circuit PC 1  comprising Zener diode ZD 1  and diode bridge DB 1  (not shown in detail, well-known in the art) is coupled across the primary winding of transformer T 1  via capacitor C 1 . Protection circuit PC 1  is used to protect the modem from voltage spikes and to ensure proper operation of a DAA circuit since the polarity of tip and ring lines are not known in advance. The primary winding of transformer T 1  is also coupled to the “ring” line. The tip and ring lines (local loop) are connected to the telephone central office that provides power, switching, and signaling. 
     On a local loop represented by the tip and ring lines, an idle (on-hook) state is indicated by an open circuit and no current flow. A connect (off-hook) state is signaled by a closed circuit and continuous current flow. In an off-hook state, the telephone line is said to be “seized.” Referring to FIG. 1, during the idle state (on-hook) before the modem has seized the line, an incoming ring signal is detected by the ring detector block (not shown, well known in the art) and switch SW 3  is closed. 
     The caller ID signals (ANI information) are transmitted from the telephone system central office to the local DAA, and usually come between the first and second incoming rings in the form of a small AC signal. The modem can detect the caller ID signals at the RXA line if an additional AC coupling path is provided. 
     The additional AC coupling path for the caller ID (ANI) signals is provided in the prior art example of FIG. 1 along switch SW 3 , capacitor C 2 , and resistor R 1 . The existing path along switch SWl and capacitor C 1  cannot be used as the AC coupling path for the caller ID (ANI) signals since capacitor C 1  by itself would exhibit an impedance below the regulated value of two (2) KΩ. Although a resistor can be used in series with capacitor C 1  to increase the impedance, the addition of such series resistor would also increase the DAA&#39;s off-hook impedance value to an unacceptable range. 
     Referring to FIG. 1, switch SW 3  is closed for the duration of an automatic number identification process, and an AC current path is formed by components R 1  and C 2  to allow the caller ID (ANI) signals from the telephone line to reach transformer T 1  and RXA. Switches SW 1  and SW 2  remain open during ANI operations so that no DC current flows between the DAA and the telephone central office, thereby preventing the telephone line seizure. After an automatic number identification process is complete and the caller ID has been detected, switch SW 3  is opened. In another prior art embodiment which is compatible with the U.S. and Canadian regulations but incompatible with most European regulations, switch SW 3  is not required and can be replaced with a conducting wire. 
     In FIG. 1, capacitor C 2  in the caller ID (ANI) signal path typically has a voltage rating of at least fifty (50) volts to handle the local loop voltage (typically forty eight volts) and thus is limited below a maximum capacitance value. Capacitor C 2  has the typical capacitance value between 0.15 μf and 0.47 μf. Resistor R 1  is used to ensure that the impedance during an ANI operation is not lower than a regulated value on the order of two (2) KΩ. Resistor R 1  has the typical resistance of 2 KΩ. 
     A combined effect of C 2  being limited in capacity and having resistor R 1  is the attenuation of the caller ID (ANI) signals of more than eighteen (18) dB when the caller ID signals reach the RXA line. Consequently, the caller ID (ANI) signals that appear at node Ni are significantly attenuated and become susceptible to noise and error. 
     In an off-hook (connect) state, the modem closes switches SW 1  and SW 2 , seizing the telephone line (represented by the tip and ring lines) and activating the DC portion of artificial inductor All. Transmitted signals that come in from the TXA line are modulated signals, i.e, carrier signals modulated by digital signals that originate from a digital data terminal equipment (DTE) such as a personal computer using a suitable modulation technique. Typical modulation techniques include amplitude, frequency, and phase modulations. Thus, signals received from the tip and ring lines are modulated signals. Transformer T 1  couples these modulated carriers in both directions: from the telephone line to received signal (RXA) and from transmitted signal (TXA) to the line in the connect state. This composite AC signal comprising transmitted and received signals flows through coupling capacitor C 1 . Capacitor C 1  has the typical capacitance value of 3 μf-5 μf. 
     In the off-hook (connect) state, switch SW 2  is closed and suitable protections are provided by protection circuit PC 1  against voltage spikes and polarity reversal. SW 2  is a required component for European-compatible modems for pulse dialing. In an alternate prior art design, SW 2  is not required and can be replaced by a wire, for example, for U.S. or Canadian design. During pulse dialing, SW 1  is closed and SW 2  is pulsed to generate dial pulses consisting of current flow interrupted at a specified rate in the loop current (between a local DAA and the central telephone office). Zener diode ZD 1  provides overvoltage protection by absorbing the voltage transients generated during the pulsing. 
     FIG. 2 shows another prior art DAA system for a European-compatible modem with ANI capability. In FIG. 2, transformer T 1  is coupled to the DC side (“+” and “−” terminals) of diode bridge DB 1  via capacitor C 1 . This embodiment allows capacitor C 1  to be a smaller polarized capacitor (positive plate denoted by “+” sign) as shown in FIG. 2 rather than a larger unpolarized capacitor of FIG.  1 . In an ANI operation, switches SW 3  and SW 4  are closed to form a circuit path for the caller ID signals. The approach shown in FIG. 2, however, requires an extra switch element SW 4  to return the bottom leg of the transformer to the correct node in addition to the caller ID signal path comprising resistor R 1 , capacitor C 2 , and switch SW 3 . 
     FIG. 3 shows a plot of input impedance versus ANI signal frequency for DAA circuits shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In FIG. 3, input impedance Zin (assumed to be resistive) looking into the modem from the telephone line varies from about 2.3 KΩ to 3.9 KΩ depending on the signal frequency. 
     FIG. 4 shows the frequency response of ANI signal gain for DAA circuits shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In FIG. 4, the vertical axis shows ANI signal gain in dB at RXA line (pin). As shown, in the prior DAA circuits, the caller ID (ANI) signals arriving at node N 1  are significantly attenuated due to a voltage divider effect with Z 1  on the bottom of the divider and C 2 +R 1  (plus transformer T 1 &#39;s winding resistance) on the top, with node V 1  at the midpoint. Typically, ANI signal attenuation in the prior art DAA circuits ranges from 18 dB to 31 dB, significantly weakening the caller ID (ANI) signals. 
     Thus there is a need in the art to provide a DAA with ANI capability that reduces the caller ID signal attenuation without requiring significant modifications to the existing DAA designs and without greatly increasing design complexity. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides apparatus and method for automatic number identification (ANI) for a data access arrangement (DAA) of a modem. An ANI system allows the called telephone or modem to use the caller ID (ANI) signals to identify the calling telephone or modem. Typically, the caller ID (ANI) signals are received between the first and second ringing signals as small AC signals. For automatic number identification, the invention introduces a new switch element on the secondary winding side of a transformer. A standard DAA circuit comprising a coupling capacitor, a protection circuit, and an artificial inductor is coupled to the primary winding of the transformer and no additional AC coupling path is required on the primary winding of the transformer for the caller ID (ANI) signals. 
     The incoming caller ID signals are coupled across a coupling capacitor and across a transformer during an ANI operation. The new ANI switch on the secondary winding side is opened during an ANI operation so that the impedance looking into the modem from the telephone line side becomes relatively large and the prior art voltage divide effect is eliminated or reduced. Consequently, the caller ID (ANI) signals that appear at the secondary winding of the transformer have virtually the same amplitude as the caller ID (ANI) signals that appear at the telephone line with little or zero attenuation. During normal modem operations, the new ANI switch remains closed to allow the signal transmission and support impedance matching. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a prior art DAA circuit with ANI capability. 
     FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a prior art DAA circuit with ANI capability that uses a polarized capacitor. 
     FIG. 3 shows a plot of input impedance versus ANI signal frequency for prior art DAA circuits 
     FIG. 4 shows the frequency response of ANI signal gain for prior art DAA circuits. 
     FIG. 5 is one embodiment of a DAA with ANI capability constructed in accordance with the present invention. 
     FIG. 6 is an alternate embodiment of a DAA with ANI capability constructed in accordance with the present invention. 
     FIG. 7 shows a plot of input impedance versus ANI signal frequency. 
     FIG. 8 shows the frequency response of ANI signal gain. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is an automatic number identification method described with respect to DAA (Data Access Arrangement). In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a more thorough description of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well known features have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention. 
     FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a DAA with ANI capability in one embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 5, on the right side of transformer T 1 , conventional DAA circuit DAA- 1  is shown, which does not include a separate caller ID (ANI) signal path, and accordingly does not require extra circuit components other than regular DAA circuit components. (Switches SW 1  and SW 2  are required components for a European compatible modem, and the conventional DAA circuit shown in FIG. 5 requires no extra capacitors or resistors). 
     On the left side of the transformer, switch SW 5  has been added in series with existing impedance network Z 1 , coupled to the secondary winding of transformer T 1  via node N 1 . Impedance network Z 1  is coupled to transmit amplifier A 1 , which receives transmit signals from TXA line. Impedance network Z 1  comprises any circuit element such as a resistor, a capacitor, an inductor, or a line impedance that contributes to the impedance between switch SW 5  and transmit amplifier A 1 . Node N 1  is also coupled to receive amplifier A 2 , which is coupled to RXA line. 
     Referring to FIG. 5, the primary (right side) winding of transformer T 1  is coupled to capacitor C 1 , which is coupled to node N 2 . Switch SW 2  and artificial inductor AI 1  is coupled across the primary winding of transformer T 1  via nodes N 2  and N 3 . Zener diode ZD 1  is coupled to capacitor C 1  across nodes N 2  and N 3 . 
     Zener diode ZD 1  and diode bridge DBI form protection circuit PC 1 . Zener diode ZD 1  protects the DAA circuit against overvoltage transients caused by pulse dialing (SW 2  pulsing). Diode bridge DB 1  performs polarity steering. 
     The “tip” and “ring” lines are coupled across diode bridge DB 1 . Switch SW 1  is disposed between diode bridge DBl and the tip line such that the two-wire telephone line (tip and ring) is terminated in a line-matching transformer T 1 . Typically, transformer T 1  is a 1:1 transformer which comprises a balancing network, and provides an interface between a four-wire circuit (TXA and RXA side) and a two-wire circuit (tip and ring lines). Transformer T 1  allows two superimposing ac signals (transmitted and received) to be recovered separately. As shown in FIG. 5, the secondary (left side) winding of transformer T 1  is coupled to both the receive section input RXA and the transmit section output TXA. The received signal has no effect on the transmit section. 
     Referring to FIG. 5, in normal modem operations, switches SW 1 , SW 2  and SW 5  are closed. When SW 2  is closed, DC current is allowed to flow between the DAA circuit and the telephone central office, and the central office seizes the telephone line. 
     In the on-hook (idle) state, switches SW 1  and SW 2  are open. SW 5  may be open or closed in the on-hook (idle) state. When an incoming ring signal is detected by the ring detector block (not shown, well known in the art), switch SW 1  is closed and SW 5  is opened if not already so, forming a closed AC path. 
     Referring to FIG. 5, SW 2  remains open during an ANI operation and there is no DC current flow between the DAA circuit and the central office so as to prevent seizing the telephone line. Switch SW 5  is opened during an ANI operation. With switches SW 2  and SW 5  open and switch SW 1  closed, the incoming caller ID (ANI) signals come in along the closed path comprising the tip line, diode bridge DB 1 , capacitor C 1 , transformer T 1 , and the ring line from the telephone central office (coupled to the tip and ring lines, not shown). The caller ID signals (ANI information) usually come in between the first and second incoming rings in the form of a small AC signal. The caller ID (ANI) signals are coupled across capacitor C 1  and across transformer T 1  to the RXA line via receive amplifier A 2 . Since the caller ID signals are typically small AC signals riding on a forty eight (48) volts DC signal, diode bridge DB 1  is forward biased and the diodes in DB 1  are prevented from appearing non-linear to the caller ID signals. 
     Since switch SW 5  is open during the automatic number identification operation, the impedance looking into the modem from the telephone line side (represented by the tip and ring lines) looks as if there is an unterminated transformer (T 1 ), resulting in a relatively high impedance of about 10-40 KΩ depending on specific implementation. Also, because impedance Z 1  is no longer terminating the secondary of the transformer, the prior art voltage divider effect (with Z 1  on the bottom of the divider and C 1  (plus transformer T 1 &#39;s winding resistance) on the top, and node N 1  voltage V 1  at the midpoint) no longer applies. Therefore, the caller ID signals that appear at node N 1  have virtually the same amplitude as the caller ID (ANI) signals appearing on the telephone line. 
     Accordingly, the undesirable caller ID (ANI) signal attenuation is effectively reduced. Since there is less caller ID (ANI) signal attenuation (virtually zero attenuation), a modem that embodies the invention is able to detect the caller ID (ANI) signals in more difficult or adverse circumstances caused by, for example, noisy channels, and does not require as much amplification for the caller ID signals as in the prior art methods, allowing an easier caller ID signal recovery. 
     In the off-hook (connect) state, switches SW 1 , SW 2 , and SW 5  are closed and artificial inductor AI 1  is activated by rectifier bridge DB 1  to form a DC current loop with the tip and ring lines, providing the necessary DC loop characteristics to the local loop. In the off-hook state, the modem seizes the telephone line. 
     Referring to FIG. 5, any suitable DC biasing circuit can be used in place of artificial inductor AI 1 . Other electronic components of the telephone can draw power from the loop current provided by the telephone company central office in the off-hook (connect) state when artificial inductor AI 1  is activated, Some examples of artificial inductor are described in detail in the co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/855,090 filed on May 13, 1997 entitled “Method for Implementing DC Mode Selection for Data Access Arrangement,” assigned to the assignee of the present application, and incorporated herein by reference. 
     Referring to FIG. 5, switches SW 1 , SW 2 , and SW 5  can be implemented by any suitable switch that allows control of current flow. A mechanical relay or optoelectronic relay can be used for the switches. In one embodiment of the invention, SW 5  is implemented by an optoelectronic relay that allows digital controllability and offers a biasing convenience. 
     In another embodiment of the invention, switch SW 5  is implemented by a digitally controllable optoelectronic relay which is controlled by a microprocessor or a microcontroller. Unlike switch elements SW 1  and SW 2  on the primary side of the transformer, there is no need to galvanically isolate switch SW 5  from its control signal, which permits more freedom in choosing switch component for SW 5  and minimizes the design size. For example, analog switches and discrete transistors may be used to implement switch SW 5  if a suitable bias and control voltages are provided. 
     Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, transformer T 1  is coupled to the DC side (“+” and “−” terminals) of diode bridge DB 1  via capacitor C 1 . This configuration allows capacitor C 1  to be a single polarized or non-polarized capacitor. A polarized capacitor (positive plate denoted by “+” sign in FIG. 5) requires a smaller size than non-polarized capacitors, which permits a more compact modem design. 
     FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a DAA with ANI capability in an alternate embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 6, the right side (primary winding side) of transformer T 1  uses conventional DAA circuit DAA- 2 . Capacitor C 1  is coupled between nodes N 4  and N 5 . Transformer T 1  is coupled between nodes N 4  and N 6 . Protection circuit PC 1  is coupled between nodes N 5  and N 6 . Node N 5  is coupled to the tip line via switch SW 1 . Node N 6  is coupled to the ring line. Protection circuit PC 1  comprises diode bridge DB 1  coupled between nodes N 5  and N 6  and Zener diode ZD 1  coupled to diode bridge DB 1 . Switch SW 2  and artificial inductor AI 1  are coupled in series to Zener diode ZD 1 . 
     Referring to FIG. 6, the left side (secondary winding side) of transformer T 1  is coupled to node N 1 , which is coupled to receive amplifier A 2 . Receive amplifier A 2  is coupled to RXA line. Node N 1  is coupled to switch SW 5 , to which impedance Z 1  and transmit amplifier A 1  are coupled in series. Transmit amplifier A 1  receives transmit signals from TXA line. 
     The embodiment shown in FIG. 6 uses switch SW 5  coupled between the secondary winding of transformer T 1  and impedance network Z 1 . During an automatic number identification operation, switch SW 1  is closed and switch SW 5  is opened as discussed with respect to FIG.  5 . Switch SW 2  remains open during an ANI operation. 
     As discussed above with respect to FIG. 5, during an ANI operation, switch SW 5  is opened and the impedance looking into the modem from the telephone tine side (represented by the tip and ring lines) looks as if there is an unterminated transformer (T 1 ). Also, because impedance Z 1  is no longer terminating the secondary of the transformer, the prior art voltage divider effect (with Z 1  on the bottom of the divider and C 1  (plus transformer T 1 &#39;s winding resistance) on the top, and node N 1  voltage V 1  at the midpoint) no longer applies. The elimination of the voltage divider effect reduces the caller ID (ANI) signal attenuation to effectively zero along the path comprising the tip line, switch SW 1 , capacitor C 1 , transformer T 1 , receive amplifier A 2 , and RXA line. Consequently, the signals that appear at node N 1  have virtually the same amplitude as the caller ID (ANI) signals appearing on the telephone (tip and ring) line. 
     In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the position of switch SW 5  and impedance network Z 1  in FIGS. 5 and 6 can be exchanged so that SW 5  is disposed between amplifier A 1  and impedance network Z 1 . In yet another embodiment, switch SW 5  and amplifier A 1  may be combined and replaced with an amplifier with a shutdown mode. The amplifier with a shutdown mode exhibits a high impedance characteristic in the shutdown mode such that it effectively creates an open path. When a shutdown-mode amplifier is used in place of amplifier A 1  and switch SW 5 , the operation of the invention remains the same as discussed above but switch SW 5 . In this embodiment, instead of opening and closing switch SW 5 , the shutdown-mode amplifier is driven into and out of a shutdown mode. 
     FIG. 7 shows a plot of input impedance response with respect to ANI signal frequency during an ANI operation for DAA circuits shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. In FIG. 7, input impedance Zin (assumed to be resistive) looking into the modem from the telephone line ranges from about 3.5 KΩ to 11.5 KΩ depending on the ANI signal frequency. Thus Zin shows an increase of up to 9.2 KΩ when compared to the prior art DAA input impedance shown in FIG.  3 . 
     FIG. 8 shows the frequency response of ANI signal gain during an ANI operation for DAA circuits shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. In FIG. 8, the vertical axis shows ANI signal gain in dB at RXA line (pin). In contrast to the prior art DAA circuit performance shown in FIG. 4, the caller ID (ANI) signals arriving at RXA line (pin) suffer virtually no attenuation, and instead show some gain according to FIG.  8 . The gain is provided by amplifier A 2  acting in an “unbalanced hybrid” mode with switch SW 5  opened. In FIG. 8, ANI signal gain at RXA line (pin) in the DAA circuits of the invention is relatively constant at around 6 dB for ANI signal frequency of 100 Hz-10 KHz. 
     As a result, the invention reduces undesirable caller ID (ANI) signal attenuation and allows a modem to detect the caller ID (ANI) signals in more difficult or noisy circumstances with the addition of only one extra circuit component (switch SW 5 ) to the conventional DAA circuit. The invention allows a cheaper, more compact DAA circuit design and significantly reduces or eliminates undesirable caller ID (ANI) signal attenuation. 
     Thus, a method and apparatus for implementing a automatic number identification system have been described. It is understood that particular embodiments described herein are illustrative only and should not limit the present invention thereby. The invention is defined by the claims and their full scope of equivalents.