Abstract:
A system and method to queue, dispatch, send announcements to incoming calls to an emergency response center (ERC) is disclosed. The present invention employs location-based queuing and dispatching to prioritize callers such that callers reporting known occurrence are removed from the queue of the ERC and sent appropriate announcements, thus increasing response time of unique non-reported occurrences at the ERC.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates generally to announcements, queuing and dispatching. In particular, the present invention relates to announcements, queuing and dispatching for emergency response centers. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Emergency Response Centers (ERC) (e.g. 911) employ automated call distributors to answer, queue, and dispatch calls in the order in which they are received. With the recent proliferation of wireless phones, e.g., cellular phones, ERC&#39;s are faced with a new challenge. In particular, when an emergency occurs there are usually numerous people with wireless phones who can report an emergency to an ERC. However, when multiple people call to report the same emergency, e.g., a fire at a particular dwelling or an accident at an intersection, the ERC&#39;s queue becomes excessively long when compared to the number of actual unique accidents for which callers in the queue are attempting to report. This increases the “call waiting” time in the queue for each caller, making it difficult for other callers to report and request help for different emergencies. For example, the first five callers in a queue may be wireless users attempting to report an automobile accident at Broadway and 42 nd  Street in a given city, while the sixth caller in the queue is trying to report a gas fire at a different location. Based upon known ERC queuing and dispatching mechanisms, the sixth caller will be left waiting in the queue for an available operator until one or more operators waste time with callers two through five, who were simply reporting the same emergency as the first caller in the queue. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a system and method for queuing, dispatching and generating announcements for incoming calls. In particular, the present invention relates to queuing, dispatching and generating announcements for incoming calls received by an Emergency Response Center (ERC) by classifying callers based on the location from which they are calling. In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, if the ERC receives a call which originates near a known emergency, the call may be placed in a low priority position in the ERC&#39;s queue or the ERC may simply provide a pre-recorded announcement indicating to the caller the reported emergency(ies) near the location of the caller, thus providing the caller with the option of hanging-up and relieving the ERC&#39;s queue if the emergency has already been reported. This embodiment provides the technical advantage that callers from unique locations will be serviced before callers from known emergency locations. This is unlike conventional systems where callers are placed in the queue solely based upon the first to call. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     For a complete understanding of the present invention and the advantages thereof, reference is now made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like reference numbers indicate like features, components and method steps, and wherein: 
     FIG. 1 is an illustration of a call dispatch system utilizing an Emergency Response Center (ERC) featuring a queuing and dispatching system and method in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 is an illustration of a call dispatch system utilizing an Emergency Response Center (ERC) featuring a queuing and dispatching system and method in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and 
     FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary embodiment of the queuing and dispatching system of the present invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Now referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 illustrates a call dispatch system  100 . The call dispatch system  100  includes an ERC  102 , a call processing system  114 , wireless locator  116  and a wireline locator  117 . The ERC  102  includes an automatic call distributor (“the ACD”)  104  which includes a queue  106 . Queue  106  may be one queue or a plurality of queues, as discussed below. The ACD  104  may be a computer server. The queue  106  may also be a computer server, a general purpose computer, a private branch exchange device, random access memory, dynamic random access memory, EEPROM, flash memory or firmware within the ACD  104 . 
     The ACD  104  is connected to and receives calls from the call processing system  114 . Call processing system  114  is connected to one or more operator devices  108 ,  110 ,  112 . The operator devices  108 ,  110 ,  112  may also be referred to as “ACD agents.” The operator devices  108 ,  110 ,  112  may be wireless devices, e.g., wireless telephones; wireline devices, e.g., conventional telephones; general purpose computers; personal digital assistant (“PDA”) devices; two-way paging devices; Internet Protocol devices; or voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) devices. The queue  106  maintains the priority order of calls placed in “call waiting” status to connect with the operator devices  108 ,  110 ,  112  by the ACD  104 . The call processing system  114  can be a conventional switch used with modem day public switching telephone networks. The call processing system  114  is connected to and receives calls from the reporting devices  1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4  and  5 . The reporting devices  1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4  or  5  may be wireless devices, e.g., wireless telephones; wireline devices, e.g., conventional telephones; general purpose computers; PDA devices; two-way paging devices; Internet Protocol devices; or voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) devices. In this exemplary embodiment, reporting devices  1 ,  2 ,  3  and  5  are wireless devices and reporting device  4  is a wireline device. The wireless devices  1 ,  2  and  3  and the wireline device  4  are all physically at the same location, within 1,000 feet of one another. The wireless device  5  is at least 10,000 feet away from the above-mentioned devices. The wireless devices  1 ,  2 ,  3  and  5  may be wireless telephones or any other wireless devices capable of bilateral real-time communication. The wireline device  4  may be a wireline telephone, e.g., a conventional wired telephone. The wireless devices  1 ,  2 ,  3  and  5  transmit their communication signal to a base station  118 ,  120 ,  122 ,  124  respectively. In this exemplary embodiment, multiple base stations are illustrated. In actuality, the number of base stations may vary depending upon the configuration of the wireless networks utilized by the wireless devices  1 ,  2 ,  3  or  5 . The base stations  118 ,  120 ,  122 ,  124  are connected to the wireless locator  116 . The wireless locator  116  provides physical location data for the wireless devices  1 ,  2 ,  3  and  5 . Such functionality will be required of all wireless providers in North America. In particular, the wireless locator  116  provides a digital bit stream to the base stations  118 ,  120 ,  122 ,  124  indicating the location of each of the wireless devices  1 ,  2 ,  3  or  5  at the time at which a call was initiated from one or more of the wireless devices  1 ,  2 ,  3  or  5 . Further, wireline locator  117  is connected to call processing system  114 . Wireline locator  117 , similar to wireless locator  116 , provides location data for wireline device  4  by utilizing a wireline database  119 . Wireline database  119  essentially contains a caller identification (“caller ID”) look-up table. 
     In addition to wireline and wireless devices, call processing system  114  connects calls from Internet Protocol (“EP”) devices such as IP device  132 . IP device  132  may be a voice over IP (“VoIP”) telephone. In an exemplary embodiment, IP device  132  connects to call processing system  114  through gateway  134 . IP locator  135 , similar to wireless location  116 , provides physical location data, based on the IP address, for IP device  132 . 
     In operation, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a person attempting to report an occurrence requiring additional help, calls the ERC, e.g., using “911,” on the wireless device  1 . The wireless device  1  contacts the base station  118  to establish the connection. The base station  118 , upon reading the number to be contacted, an ERC, in the header of the initial bit stream received from the wireless device  1 , contacts the wireless locator  116  to determine the current position of the wireless device  1 . The wireless locator  116  returns location data to the base station  118  indicating the physical location of the wireless device  1 . The base station  118  then passes the call to the call processing system  116  with the destination, e.g., an ERC, as well as the location data received from the wireless locator  116 . In a digital system, this information can be transmitted in the header of the bit stream or on a separate data packet, although the present system and method are not limited to digital systems. The call processing system  114  connects and passes the call to the ACD  104  which, assuming an operator is not available to take the call at one of the operator devices  108 ,  110 ,  112 , places the call in the queue  106  maintaining the location information from the wireless locator  116 , IP locator  135 , or wireline locator  117  (discussed below). When an operator at one of the operator devices  108 ,  110 ,  112  becomes available, the wireless device  1  is connected to such one of the available operator devices  108 ,  110 ,  112 . The operator at the operator device  108 ,  110 ,  112  requests information on the type of occurrence and verifies the location of the occurrence. If the occurrence is at the same location as the initial location of the wireless device  1 , as indicated by the wireless locator  116 , then the operator via the operator device  108 ,  110 ,  112  places such information in a reported occurrences database  130  in the ACD  104 . Since, the queue already has such location data, an operator need only send that data to the reported occurrence database or slightly modify such data that need be changed and then send such modified data to the reported occurrence database  130 . In addition to the location of the occurrence, in this exemplary embodiment, the operator also sends data indicating the type of occurrence, e.g., fire, flood, automobile accident, robbery, etc. The process of obtaining this additional data may also be highly automated. In one exemplary embodiment, prior to being placed in the queue  106 , the wireless device  1  is prompted to enter, e.g., “1” for flood, “2” for fire, “3” for automobile accident, “4” for robbery, etc. Alternatively, the operator may enter such information either by text entry or by using a speech to text system in which the operator or caller may speak the type of occurrence when prompted, where such speech to text recognition converts the voice to text and appends the data to the verified location data to be placed in the reported occurrence database  130 . Further, in accordance with another exemplary embodiment, the initial location of the wireless device  1  and type of occurrence to be reported, gathered by input from the wireless device  1 , can be automatically sent to the reported occurrences database  130  before operator intervention. In this case, the operator will simply verify and modify, if necessary, the information already in the reported occurrences database  130 . 
     Thereafter, it is assumed that two additional people calling from the wireless devices  2  and  3  also call the ERC to report the same occurrence as will be reported or that has been reported by the caller from the wireless device  1 . The calls from the wireless devices  2  and  3  will be transferred to the queue  106  in a similar way as from the wireless device  1 , described above, with the exception that the calls from the wireless devices  2  and  3  may travel via different base stations, in this case the base stations  120  and  122 . When the call from the wireless device  2  reaches the queue  106 , much in the same way as the wireless device  1 , the queue  106  performs a match to determine if the location of the wireless device  2 , supplied by the wireless locator  116 , is within a pre-determined physical range, in this example 1,000 foot radius, of an occurrence in the reported occurrence database  130  such as to determine whether the wireless device  2  may be calling to report the same occurrence as the wireless device  1 . Calls falling within 1,000 foot radius of a location in the reported occurrence database  130  are deemed to be potentially the same occurrence. In this case, the wireless device  2  is less than 1,000 feet from the location of the reported occurrence. Thereafter, the ACD  104 , using text to speech methods, takes the data, in text form, of the potentially matched occurrence in the reported occurrence database  130  and may either: (1) issue a voice announcement to the wireless device  2  indicating the location of the reported occurrence and type of occurrence near the wireless device  2 , as reported by the wireless device  1  in this instance, and that if the wireless device  2  is calling to report the same occurrence to please hang up; (2) prompt the wireless device  2  for input, e.g., issue an announcement to the wireless device  2  indicating the location of the reported occurrence and type of occurrence near the wireless device  2 , as reported by the wireless device  1  in this instance, having the caller of the wireless device  2  enter a “1” if the occurrence is different and disconnecting the wireless device  2  if “1” is not received as input, where it is assumed that the caller of the wireless device  2  is calling to report the same occurrence as the wireless device  1 ; or (3) simply place the call from the wireless device  2  at the bottom of the queue  106 . In this second exemplary method, if the wireless device  2  enters a “1”, then the call from the wireless device  2  remains in the queue as a caller who is attempting to report a unique occurrence. 
     In this example, since the wireless device  2  is actually within 1,000 feet of the reported occurrence, after a correct response by the caller of the wireless device  2 , e.g., hanging up after the above announcement has been rendered by the ACD  104 , the wireless device  2  will no longer be waiting in the queue  106  wasting valuable resources. The same will happen with the wireless device  3  and the wireline device  4  because both devices are also, in this example, within 1,000 feet of the reported occurrence, as described above. Alternatively, if by chance the caller of wireless device  2  was actually attempting to report a non-reported occurrence, the wireless device  2  would remain in the queue and the ACD  104  would adjust the announcement to future callers to include the two occurrences. Please note that you cannot pinpoint a wireless device&#39;s location with absolute accuracy. 
     With respect to wireline device  4 , discussed above, if a person is attempting to report an occurrence requiring additional help on wireline device  4 , the wireline device  4  contacts the call processing system  114  which in turn sends a request to wireline locator  117  for location data for the wireline device  4 . Wireline locator  117  then queries wireline database  119  which returns the query results, the location data, to call processing system  114 . The call processing system  114  then connects and passes the call, with the location data, to the ACD  104  which, assuming an operator is not available to take the call at one of the operator devices  108 ,  110 ,  112 , places the call in the queue  106  maintaining the location information from the wireline locator  117 . Once in the queue  106 , the call from the wireline device  4  is treated the same as wireless devices  1 ,  2  and  3 , described above. 
     Continuing the above-example for explanatory purposes, after the wireless device  4  places a call to the ERC  102 , the wireless device  5  places a call to the ERC  102 . The wireless device  5  is at least 10,000 feet away from the reported occurrence. Therefore, once the wireless device  5  is connected to the queue  106 , its location data, being outside of the 1,000 foot default of the known occurrence, indicates to the ACD  104  that the wireless device  5  is calling or presumed to be calling about a unique occurrence which has not yet been reported. However, since the ACD  104  has dispensed with calls from the wireless devices  2  and  3  and the wireline device  4 , the wireless device  5  will be at the top of the queue  106  and need only wait for an available operator with no redundant calls placed before it. This greatly increases efficiency of the ERC  102  as well as decreases response time for emergency personnel to respond to an occurrence. 
     In another exemplary embodiment, queue  106  may comprise a plurality of queues. In accordance with this exemplary embodiment, the wireless device may be directed to a first queue in the plurality of queues  106  if its location data is outside of the 1,000 foot default or to a second queue in the plurality of queues  106  if its location data is within the 1,000 foot default. Thus, by giving each queue equal priority, the wireless device  5  would connect to an operator prior to the wireless device  2 ,  3  and  4 , assuming that the call from the wireless device  5  was received prior to the calls from wireless devices  2 ,  3  and  4  reached the front of the first queue in the plurality of queues  106 . 
     The wireless locator  116  described above has been shown in the exemplary embodiment as interfacing with the base stations  118 ,  120 ,  122  and  124 . The functionality of the wireless locator  116  may also be implemented in the ACD  104  or by using a global positioning satellite system (“GPS”) which interfaces directly with the wireless device  1 ,  2 ,  3  and  5 . The latter exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 2, featuring a GPS  202 . 
     FIG.  3 . is a flow chart illustrating the above-described exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In FIG.  3 . an incoming call from a reporting device  1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4 , or  5  is received at the ACD  104  in block  304 . In block  306 , the location of the reporting device  1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4  or  5  is compared with reported occurrences in the reported occurrences database  130  within a pre-determined period of time (a time-out period). If the reporting device is within a pre-defined range, e.g. 1,000 feet of a reported occurrence, in block  308 , an announcement indicating the known occurrence is played to the incoming caller. Then, in block  310 , the incoming caller is asked to hang-up if their occurrence has already been reported, i.e., was listed in the announcement. If the incoming caller hangs up, in block  314 , the call is ended in block  322 . If the incoming caller does not hang-up, the incoming caller is placed in the queue  106  in block  312 . On the other hand, if the reporting device  1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4  or  5  was outside the pre-defined range, the call is immediately place in the queue  106 . 
     One in the queue  106 , the incoming caller waits for an operator (ACD agent) to become available in block  316 . Once available, the incoming caller is transferred to an operator in block  318 . Once transferred, the incoming caller from reporting device  1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4  or  5  may report their occurrence to an operator at the ERC  102  at block  320 . 
     The above described exemplary embodiment is simply one way to implement the system and method of the present invention. Similarly, the above described example of operation has been use for explanatory purposes only. Many different scenarios may be manifested by the system and method of the present invention. For example, there may be circumstances where a subsequent call from the same location may be give a higher priority, such that the type of priority given a caller may be selective. Further, the system and method of the present invention may be implemented for call queuing and distribution for applications other than ERCs.