Abstract:
The invention relates to a container ( 10 ) for containing a living organism ( 5 ), a docking station ( 100 ) for docking the container, and a transportation system ( 200 ) comprising the container and the docking station. The container comprises docking means ( 40, 42 ) for docking the container to a docking station. The docking station comprises a light emitter ( 110 ). The container comprises light-guiding means ( 30, 32, 34, 36 ) for guiding at least part of the light emitted by the light emitter to the living organism. The effect of the measures according to the invention is that the light required for illuminating the living organism is generated by the light emitter of the docking station. As a result, no light emitters are necessary in the container according to the invention which reduces the cost of the container.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The invention relates to a container for containing a living organism. 
         [0002]    The invention also relates to a docking station for docking the container and to a transportation system comprising the container and the docking station. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    Containers are known per se. They are used, inter alia, for shipping large quantities of cargo across the seas and for transportation cargo by truck. Containers are also known as temporary habitats or working environment, also known as portacabins. Containers for containing and transportation living organisms are also known. Such containers may, for example, be used for shipping relatively large mammals such as horses, or for storing and/or transportation of horticultural plants. 
         [0004]    Such a container is, for example, known from the U.S. Pat. No. 5,321,907. In this patent application a method for storing horticultural plants and an apparatus therefore are disclosed. The known method comprises placing the live horticultural plants in a container for transportation, wherein the temperature and the humidity in the container are kept at conditions suited for the horticultural plants. Volatile gas generated by the horticultural plants is removed, the air inside the container is circulated, and the horticultural plants are irradiated with a light mainly composed of red light and blue light. The known apparatus comprises a container for storing the horticultural plants. The known container comprises a temperature controller for controlling the temperature in the container, a humidity controller for controlling the humidity in the container, a volatile gas absorber for absorbing volatile gas in the container, a wind-blower for circulating air in the container, and a light irradiator for irradiating a light mainly composed of red light and blue light. 
         [0005]    A disadvantage of the known lighting system is that the known container is relatively expensive. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0006]    It is an object of the invention to provide a container having reduced cost. 
         [0007]    According to a first aspect of the invention the object is achieved with a container comprising docking means for docking the container to a docking station comprising a light emitter, the container further comprising light-guiding means for guiding at least part of the light emitted by the light emitter to the living organism. 
         [0008]    An effect of the container according to the invention is that the light required for illuminating the living organism is generated by the light emitter of the docking station. As a result, no light emitters are necessary in the container according to the invention which reduces the cost of the container. When the container is transported, it may be docked in the docking station which provides the light via the light emitter for illuminating the living organism. 
         [0009]    The known containers include an illumination system for illuminating the living organism. This known illumination system typically comprises a light source and a controller for controlling the light source and thus is relatively expensive. The known illumination system inside the container is idle for a relatively long time, for example, when the known container is waiting to be loaded with a new freight of living organisms, such as horticultural plants. This idle time may be relatively long and during this idle time of the known container, the investment for the known illumination system is not optimally used. In the container according to the invention, the light emitter for illuminating the living organisms is part of the docking station. In such an arrangement, the container according to the invention may only comprise light-guiding means which, when docked in a docking station provide at least part of the light emitted by the light emitter to the living organism. The cost of the container according to the invention is reduced substantially due to the fact that the container according to the invention only comprises the light-guiding means and does not contain the light emitter and optional controlling electronics. The container according to the invention is preferably transported in the docking station which comprises the light emitter for illuminating the living organisms. As a result, the cost of the containers is reduced while providing the required illumination of the living organisms during transport. 
         [0010]    Living organisms may, for example, be horticultural plants, or animals such as horses. The container according to the invention is especially beneficial when the living organisms have to travel relatively long. 
         [0011]    Cultivation of horticultural plants is gradually moved to countries in which the wages are relatively low. The containers which are loaded and off-loaded in these countries should preferably be relatively low-cost and robust and should preferably not comprise complex and expensive electronics. The container according to the invention comprises light-guiding means for guiding at least part of the light emitted by the light emitter of the docking station to the living organism. As such, the container does not contain the light emitters and the optional lighting electronics for controlling the light emitters which reduces electronics and thus the cost of the container. During transport, the container according to the invention is preferably transported in the docking station which comprises the light emitter for illuminating the living organisms in the container. So when the horticultural plants are transported, the light emitter of the docking station provides the illumination which enables the horticultural plants to grow during transport. Especially when the transport is done over sea, the time required for the transport is considerable. Using the light emitter from the docking station the horticultural plants may grow during the transport and arrive at their destination further matured and strengthened while using relatively cheap containers for transport. 
         [0012]    A further benefit of the container according to the invention is that the container according to the invention has reduced maintenance costs such as cleaning and/or calibration of the light sources. Furthermore, the container is less sensitive to defects, for example, defects in the electronics for driving the light source. As the electronics for driving the light source are typically included in the docking station, the docking station may be designed for easier defect management. 
         [0013]    In an embodiment of the container, the light-guiding means comprises a reflective element and/or an optical wave-guide and/or a flexible fiber and/or a hollow tube. The reflective element may, for example, be a mirror or a dielectric layer being fully or partially reflective. The optical wave-guide may, for example, comprise a solid light conductor constituted of poly-methyl-meta-acrylate, further also indicated as PMMA. A benefit of the use of the reflective element and/or optical wave-guide and/or flexible fiber and/or hollow tube is that these light-guiding means are relatively robust. 
         [0014]    In an embodiment of the container, the docking means are selected from the group comprising: outer dimensions of the container, rail system, connector and alignment means. When the docking means are, for example, a rail system, the container may comprise a rail or ledge which is rolled on to wheels on the docking station. This embodiment is beneficial when the height of the container in the docking station is critical, for example, for enabling a coupling between the light emitter and the light-guiding means. The docking means may also be a connector which, for example, comprises an optical fiber to enable the coupling between the light emitter and the light-guiding means of the container. The connector may be a plug attached to the container which fits a socket in the docking station, or may be a socket attached to the container which fits a plug of the docking station. 
         [0015]    In an embodiment of the container, the container comprises alignment means for aligning the light-guiding means of the container to the light emitter of the docking station for coupling at least part of the light emitted by the light emitter into the light-guiding means. A benefit of this embodiment is that the positioning between the container and the docking station is less critical as the coupling between the light-guiding means and the light emitter may be achieved using the alignment means of the container. Alternatively, the docking station may comprise the alignment means for aligning the light emitter to the light-guiding means of the container. 
         [0016]    In an embodiment of the container, the container comprises a sensor for sensing a biological state of the living organism, and/or for sensing a temperature in the container, and/or for sensing a moisture-level in the container, and/or for sensing an illumination level in the container, and/or for sensing a level of carbon dioxide in the container, and/or for sensing a level of nutrients in the container, and/or for sensing a level of pesticides and/or fungicides in the container. The sensor or a plurality of sensors of the container may provide the sensed information to a controller, for example, located in the docking station. This controller may determine whether or not the current conditions with respect to, for example, illumination level, temperature, moisture, etc. are adequate for the living organism which is contained in the container. If the sensed level deviates from the required level, the controller may intervene and may be arranged to adapt the illumination level, temperature, moisture level, etc. The sensor may in addition be used as a feedback control to indicate the effect of a variation of, for example, the color and/or intensity of the light emitted by the light emitter near the living organism. This may be beneficial, because the efficiency of the coupling between the light emitter and the light-guiding means may not always be the same. Sensing what the effect of a variation of the color and/or intensity near the living organism is may enable to estimate the efficiency of the coupling between the light emitter and the light-guiding means, ensuring that the required amount and color of light impinges on and/or near the living organism. Especially with horticultural plants making a relatively long journey, it is important for the well-being of the plants and to ensure the commercial value of the plants is maintained that the required amount of light impinges on the plants and that the predetermined sequence of colors and/or intensities is used. 
         [0017]    According to a second aspect of the invention the object is achieved with a docking station for docking a container for containing a living organism, the docking station comprising complementary docking means for cooperating with docking means of the container for docking the container to the docking station, the docking station comprising a light emitter being configured for coupling at least part of the light emitted by the light emitter into a light-guiding means of the container when docked in the docking station. 
         [0018]    In an embodiment of the docking station, the light emitter is configured for altering a spectrum and/or intensity of the light emitted by the light emitter. A benefit of this embodiment is that the light emitter may, for example, emulate the spectrum and/or intensity of the light emitted by the sun such that the living organism maintains its natural circadian rhythm. Alternatively, the color and/or intensity of the light emitted by the light emitter may be chosen to obtain a specific effect, for example, improve the growth conditions for the horticultural plants or to reduce the growth of the horticultural plants to generate some kind of rest-state such that the plants during transport consume only little energy. For example, reducing the amount of blue light reduces the growing speed of plants. 
         [0019]    In an embodiment of the docking station, the docking station comprises a controller for controlling the intensity and/or spectrum of the light emitted by the light emitter. A benefit of this embodiment is that the controller may choose the optimum intensity and/or spectrum to achieve a predetermined effect. For example, when animals are transported across the ocean, the controller may gradually change the day/night rhythm such that the animal can already adapt to the day/night rhythm at its destination. The controller may, for example, use another signal, for example, from the sensor of the container to control the effect of the spectrum and/or intensity on the living organism and adapt the spectrum and/or intensity based on the signal from the sensor. 
         [0020]    In an embodiment of the docking station, the docking station comprises an inspection camera configured for being connected to the light-guiding means of the container for inspecting the living organism. A benefit of this embodiment is that the quality of the living organism may be visually inspected by an operator. Furthermore, the inspection camera may also be used to sense other parameters of the living organism. When, for example, the container comprises a plurality of living organisms, for example, a plurality of plants, a single inspection camera may sequentially be connected to inspect the different plants from the plurality of plants and may be used, for example, to provide an indication of the growth-speed of the individual plants. If, for example, a subgroup of plants is growing at a different speed, this information may be provided to the controller to, for example, locally adapt the conditions of the plurality of plants such that substantially all plants have similar growth speed. 
         [0021]    According to a third aspect of the invention the object is achieved with a transportation system for transportation a living organism, the transportation system comprising the container and the docking system. 
         [0022]    In an embodiment of the transportation system, alignment means of the container are configured for cooperating with complementary alignment means of the docking station. By using both the alignment means and the complementary alignment means a relatively accurate alignment of the container to the docking station may be achieved allowing a relatively high efficiency in the coupling of the light from the light emitter into the light-guiding means. 
         [0023]    In an embodiment of the transportation system, the container comprises a connector connectable to a complementary connector of the docking station for coupling the container to the docking station, the connector and the complementary connector being configured for providing conditioned air to the container. The conditioned air may have a predefined humidity and/or temperature to achieve a predetermined effect. Using the conditioned air, for example, a winter-rest period may be simulated such that at the end of the journey the plants will start a blooming cycle. As such, the commercial value of the plants has increased during transport. 
         [0024]    The connector and the complementary connector may be configured for providing nutrients to the container. When the container comprises a plurality of living organisms, for example, a plurality of plants, the providing of nutrients may be regulated such that the amount of nutrients provided to each plant may be controllable. In such an embodiment the controller of the docking station may regulate the conditions of each of the plants individually, optimizing the conditions for each plant individually. 
         [0025]    The connector and the complementary connector may be configured for providing water to the container. Again, when the container comprises a plurality of living organisms the providing of water may be regulated such that the amount of water provided is controllable for each living organism. Again optimizing conditions for each organism individually. 
         [0026]    The connector and the complementary connector may be configured for providing pesticides and/or fungicides to the container. The use of pesticides and/or fungicides should be reduced as much as possible because generally pesticides and/or fungicides are bad for the environment and because the people loading and off-loading the container should only be exposed to as little pesticides and/or fungicides as possible. The amount of pesticides and/or fungicides and where to apply the pesticides and/or fungicides inside the container may be determined relatively accurately such that the overall amount of pesticides and/or fungicides used should be as low as possible. 
         [0027]    The connector and the complementary connector may be configured for providing carbon dioxide to the container. It has been proven that an excess of carbon dioxide has an improved effect on the growing speed of plants. Such an excess of carbon dioxide may be provided to the container via the connector and the complementary connector. 
         [0028]    The connector and the complementary connector may be configured for providing a sense-signal from the sensor to the docking station. The sense signal may include several parallel or sequential sense signals representing, for example, the biological state of the living organism, and/or the temperature inside the container and/or near the living organism, and/or the moisture-level in the container or near the living organism, and/or the illumination level in the container or near the living organism, and/or the level of carbon dioxide in the container, and/or the level of pesticides and/or fungicides in the container. This information may be used by the controller to generate a feed-back control sequence in which the effect of a change in, for example, temperature, nutrients, water, light, carbon dioxide, pesticides and/or fungicides is controlled using the sense signal from the sensor to the docking station as a feed-back signal. 
         [0029]    In an embodiment of the transportation system, the container comprises an identification tag and wherein the docking station comprises an identification unit for reading the identification tag to identify the container. Recognizing a specific identification tag by the identification unit may trigger a specific predefined control sequence in the controller of the docking station. For example, the identification tag may indicate that the plants in the container are orchids requiring a specific illumination sequence, temperature and humidity. After recognizing the identification tag, the controller will start to control the illumination, temperature and humidity inside the container such that the environment inside the container substantially complies with the requirements predefined for orchids. A further identification tag may indicate that the plants in the container are roses which need to have a winter-simulation program during their journey. The controller will recognize the identification tag and will initiate the winter-simulation program such that, for example, at the end of the journey the roses will start blooming, thus increasing the commercial value of the plants during their journey. The identification tag may be a wireless tag cooperating with a wireless identification unit. Alternatively, the identification tag may be a mechanical key, or an electronic key, or a code-word or pass-word, each cooperating with an appropriate identification unit. The identification tag may also include programming information or a program for programming the controller to perform the specific predefined control sequence. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0030]    These and other aspects of the invention are apparent from and will be elucidated with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter. 
           [0031]    In the drawings: 
           [0032]      FIG. 1  shows a schematic overview of a transportation system according to the invention comprising a container and a docking station for docking the container. 
       
    
    
       [0033]    The FIGURE is purely diagrammatic and not drawn to scale. Particularly for clarity, some dimensions are exaggerated strongly. Similar components in the FIGURE are denoted by the same reference numerals as much as possible. 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
       [0034]      FIG. 1  shows a schematic overview of a transportation system  200  according to the invention comprising a container  10  and a docking station  100  for docking the container  10 . The docking station  100  is configured for docking the container  10  and comprises a light emitter  110 . The container  10  is configured for containing living organisms  5 , for example, plants  5  as shown in  FIG. 1 . The container  10  further comprises light-guiding means  30 ,  32 ,  34 ,  36  for guiding at least part of the light emitted by the light emitter  110  to the living organism  5 . The light-guiding means may, for example, comprise a reflective element  36  and/or an optical wave-guide  30 ,  32 ,  34 . The reflective element  36  may, for example, be a mirror  36  or a dielectric layer  36  applied on a carrier plate (not shown). Such a reflective element  36  may be substantially fully or partially reflective. The optical wave-guide  30 ,  32 ,  34  may, for example, comprise a solid light conductor  30 ,  34  constituted of PMMA, or may comprise a hollow tube  32  for guiding at least part of the light emitted by the light emitter  110 . The hollow tube  32  may, for example, comprise semi-transparent mirrors  36  for redirecting part of the guided light to one of the living organisms  5 , while the remainder of the light continues through the hollow tube to a further living organism  5 . The use of the light-guiding means  30 ,  32 ,  34 ,  36  causes the container  10  to be relatively robust. The container  10  may further comprise docking means  40 ,  42 . These docking means  40 ,  42  may, for example, be mechanical docking means  40 ,  42  such as a rail system  42  for docking the container  10  to the docking station  100 . Alternatively, the docking means  40 ,  42  may be constituted of a connector  40  of the container  10  which may be connected to a complementary connector  140  of the docking station  100 . The connector  40  may, for example, comprise a flexible optical guide  35  or a flexible fiber  35  for enabling the connector  40  to be connected to the complementary connector  140  even when the height of the container  10  with respect to the docking station  100  is not optimal. Alternatively (not shown), the flexible optical guide or fiber may be part of the complementary connector  140 . The coupling between the docking station  100  and the container  10  via a connector  40  and a complementary connector  140  further enables the docking station  100  to provide additional supplies to the container  10 , such as conditioned air from an air-conditioning unit  122 , water from a water supply  124 , nutrients from a nutrients supply  126 . To control the light emitted by the light emitter  110 , and to control the air-conditioning unit  122 , the water supply  124  and the nutrients supply  126  the docking station  100  comprises a controller  120 . The controller  120  may, for example, control an intensity and/or spectrum of the light emitted by the light emitter  110 . The controller  110  may, for example, choose the optimum intensity and/or spectrum to achieve a predetermined effect. For example, when animals are transported across the ocean, the controller  110  may gradually change the day/night rhythm such that the animal can already adapt to the day/night rhythm at its destination. The controller  110  may, for example, use a signal from the sensor  60  of the container  10  to control the effect of the spectrum and/or intensity on the living organism  5  and adapt the spectrum and/or intensity based on the signal from the sensor  60 . 
         [0035]    The coupling between the docking station  100  and the container  10  may also be used to exchange a sense-signal (not shown) from a sensor  60  inside the container to the docking station  100 . The container comprises a sensor  60 , which, in the embodiment shown in  FIG. 1  is illustrated as a wireless sensor  60 . The sensor  60  may be configured to sense a biological state of the living organism  5 , and/or to sense a temperature in the container  10 , and/or to sense a moisture-level in the container  10 , and/or to sense an illumination level in the container  10 , and/or to sense a level of carbon dioxide in the container  10 , and/or to sense a level of nutrients in the container  10 , and/or for sensing a level of pesticides and/or fungicides in the container  10 . When a plurality of sensors  60  are used, the plurality of sensors  60  may provide information about the biological state of individual living organisms  5  in a plurality of living organisms, may provide information about the temperature at different locations in the container, may provide information about the distribution of moisture, nutrients, pesticides and/or fungicides in the container  10 . This enables the controller to adapt the conditions throughout the container  10  such that each plant  5 , for example, comprises optimal growth conditions. 
         [0036]    The wireless sensor  60  may wireless be connected to an antenna  160  which provides the information sensed by the sensor  60  to the controller  120  of the docking station  100 . Alternatively, the sensor  60  may be connected to the controller  120  via a wire (not shown) through the connector  40  and the complementary connector  140 . 
         [0037]    The docking means  40 ,  42  may, for example, be a rail system  42 . In such an embodiment, the container may comprise a rail  42  or ledge  42  which is connected, for example, at a side-wall (not indicated) of the container  10 . The docking station  100  may comprise, for example, complementary docking means  142  which, for example, comprise a plurality of wheels  143  on which support the rail  42  and which enable the container  10  to be moved relatively accurately onto the docking station  100 , for example, such that the light-guiding means  30 ,  32 ,  34 ,  36  are positioned with respect to the light emitters  110  such that at least part of the light emitted by the light emitter  100  is guided by the light-guiding means  110  to the living organisms  5 . 
         [0038]    The light emitter  110  of the docking station  100  may be configured for altering a spectrum and/or intensity of the light emitted by the light emitter  110 . The light emitter  110  may, for example, be constituted of a plurality of light sources (not shown) which emit, for example, a different color of light. By altering the intensity of the different light sources of the plurality of light sources, the color of the light emitted by the light emitter  110  may be influence. The light emitter  110  preferably comprises light emitting diodes as a light source because light emitting diodes are relatively robust and have a relatively long lifetime. However, also other light sources may be used as light emitter  110 , for example, high pressure discharge lamps, low pressure discharge lamps, incandescent lamps and/or halogen lamps. By altering the intensity and/or color of the light emitted by the light emitter  110 , the light emitter  110  may, for example, emulate the spectrum and/or intensity variation of the light emitted by the sun such that the living organism  5  maintains its natural circadian rhythm. Alternatively, the color and/or intensity of the light emitted by the light emitter  110  may be chosen to obtain a specific effect, for example, improve the growth conditions for the horticultural plants  5  or, alternatively, to reduce the growth of the horticultural plants  5  to generate some kind of rest-state such that the plants during transport consume only little energy. The controller  120  may be used to automate the color and/or intensity variation of the light emitted by the light emitter  110 . 
         [0039]    The docking station  100  may further comprise an inspection camera  130  for inspecting the living organism  5 . The inspection camera  130  may, for example, be connected to the light-guiding means  30 ,  32 ,  34 ,  36  of the container  10 . The inspection camera  130  may be used to visually inspect the living organisms  5  by an operator. Furthermore, the inspection camera may also be used to sense other parameters of the living organism  5 . For example, a single inspection camera  130  may sequentially be connected to inspect different plants  5  from a plurality of plants  5  and may be used, for example, to provide an indication of the growth-speed of the individual plants  5 . If, for example, a subgroup of plants  5  is growing at a different speed, this information may be provided to the controller  120  to, for example, locally adapt the conditions of the plants  5  such that substantially all plants  5  have similar growth speed. Alternatively, the inspection camera may inspect the living organism  5  in a different manner that via the light-guiding means  30 ,  32 ,  34 ,  36 , for example, via a window in the container  10  which may be aligned with the position of the inspection camera of the docking station  100 . 
         [0040]    In the transportation system  200  according to the invention, alignment means  50  of the container  10  may be configured for cooperating with complementary alignment means  150  of the docking station  100 . In the embodiment shown in  FIG. 1 , the alignment means  50  and the complementary alignment means  150  are configured for mechanically align the container  10  with respect to the docking station  100 . Using mechanical alignment means  50 ,  150  generally limits the accuracy of the alignment between the container  10  and the docking station  100 . Still, the mechanical alignment means  50 ,  150  are relatively cheap and may be sufficiently accurate to enable coupling part of the light emitted by the light emitter  110  into the light-guiding means  30 ,  32 ,  34 ,  36  of the container  10 . The mechanical alignment means  50 ,  150  as shown in  FIG. 1  comprise of a pin-shaped alignment means  50  connected to the container  10  and a cone-shaped complementary alignment means  150  connected to the docking station  100 . By using both the alignment means  50  and the complementary alignment means  150  a relatively accurate alignment of the container  10  to the docking station  100  may be achieved allowing a relatively high efficiency of the coupling of the light from the light emitter  110  into the light-guiding means  30 ,  32 ,  34 ,  36 . Alternatively, other alignment means  50  and complementary alignment means  150  may be used to align the position of the container  10  with respect to the docking station  100 . 
         [0041]    In the transportation system  200  according to the invention, the container  10  comprises an identification tag  70  and the docking station  100  comprises an identification unit  170  for reading the identification tag  70 . Using the identification tag  70  and the identification unit  170  the container  10  may be identified by the docking station  100  which may be used to, for example, trigger a specific predefined control sequence in the controller  120  of the docking station  100 . Alternatively, the identification tag  70  may comprise, next to identification information, also the specific predefined control sequence which is required for the living organism  5  inside the container  10 . For example, the identification tag  70  may indicate that the plants  5  in the container  10  are orchids requiring a specific illumination sequence, temperature and humidity. After recognizing the identification tag  70 , the controller  120  will start to control the illumination, temperature and humidity inside the container  10  such that the environment inside the container  10  substantially complies with the requirements predefined for orchids. A further identification tag  70  may comprise a winter-simulation program which may, for example, be suited for roses inside the container  10 . The controller  120  will read the winter-simulation program and will initiate the winter-simulation program such that, for example, at the end of the journey the roses will start blooming, thus increasing the commercial value of the plants  5  during their journey. 
         [0042]    It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. 
         [0043]    In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. Use of the verb “comprise” and its conjugations does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those stated in a claim. The article “a” or “an” preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the device claim enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.