Abstract:
Continuously monitoring automobile operations, performance and operating conditions from the remote diagnostic centers through Continuous wireless transmissions so that faults may be immediately recognized and corrected or the operator warned or actions remotely initiated to limit or prevent damage or safety hazards. A plurality of sensing devices in said automobile; each device for respectively continuously sensing an operational parameter of the automobile; a wireless transmitter in the automobile for transmitting the continuously sensed parameters to a diagnostic station remote from automobile; apparatus in the diagnostic station for analyzing said parameters in order to determine defective operational conditions in the automobile; and apparatus associated eith said diagnostic station for wieless transmission of data relative to the determined defective operating conditions back to said automobile.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
   The present invention relates to telecommunications through mobile wireless transmission systems and particularly to the use of such systems to continuously monitor and correct operating conditions in the automobile by transmissions from remote locations. 
   BACKGROUND OF RELATED ART 
   With the globalization of business, industry and trade wherein transactions and activities within these fields have been changing from localized organizations to diverse transactions over the face of the world, the telecommunication industries have, accordingly, been expanding rapidly. Wireless telephones, such as cellular telephones, have become so pervasive that their world wide number is in the order of hundreds of millions. While the embodiment to be subsequently described uses cellular telephones as the example, the principles of the invention would be applicable to any wireless transmission device. 
   Despite the rapid expansion of and the proliferation of wireless telephones and particularly cellular telephones and networks, the industry is experiencing a decrease in consumer demand for wireless cellular telecommunications products. As a result, the industry is seeking new and expanded uses for its products. The present invention offers such an expanded application for wireless cellular telephone technology in the continuous monitoring and correction of automobile operating systems. The term automobile is meant to include any type of motor vehicle using public highways, e.g. trucks and cycles. 
   Over the last generation, the use of microprocessors and central processors in automobiles has been rapidly expanding. In addition to a central computer, referred to as the engine control unit, automobiles have upwards of fifty microprocessors dispersed throughout the automobile to control the sensing and controlling of many discrete operations. The increase in such microprocessors has been necessitated by the imposition of emission and fuel economy standards and safety standards, reduction in wiring, as well as advanced comfort and convenience features. 
   With all of this on-board data processing during automobile operations, increasing self-diagnostics have been built into the automobile wherein defects or faults are often self-adjusted within the automobile without any apparent effect on operations. Of course, with such complex operations, it may at times be the case that the on-board diagnostic system cannot adjust or correct the fault. Also, the fault may be mechanical, physical or electrical and require some form of manual repair. Accordingly, the automobile has a central storage module in which sensed data relative to faults and defects, particularly faults and defects that cannot be self-adjusted, is stored. Then, the automobile must visit a diagnostic and repair shop where the defects and stored data relative thereto are interpreted and the defect repaired. Alternatively, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,181,994, when a problem arises, the automobile may establish a wireless communication with a diagnostic center so that the particular problem may be analyzed and repaired. 
   SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION 
   The present invention provides an advance over the above-discussed prior art that involves continuously monitoring automobile operations, performance and operating conditions from the remote diagnostic centers through continuous wireless transmissions so that faults may be immediately recognized and either corrected or the operator warned or actions remotely initiated to limit or prevent damage or safety hazards within the automobile operations. 
   Accordingly, the present invention provides a system for continuously monitoring and correcting operational conditions in an automobile that comprises a plurality of sensing devices in said automobile; each device for respectively continuously sensing an operational parameter of said automobile; a wireless transmitter in said automobile for transmitting said continuously sensed parameters to a diagnostic station remote from said automobile; apparatus in said diagnostic station for analyzing the sensed data in order to determine defective operational conditions in said automobile; and apparatus associated with said diagnostic station for wireless transmission of data relative to said determined defective operating conditions back to said automobile. The data transmitted back to said automobile may include data for selectively activating the apparatus already on-board the automobile for correcting the defective operational conditions. Whenever practical, apparatus for correcting said defective conditions corrects said conditions transparently to the operator of said automobile. 
   Where the automobile conventionally includes the plurality of embedded microprocessors for controlling automobile operations, the corrected defective operating conditions may be in these embedded microprocessors. The automobile may also include an output device for informing the automobile operator of the defective operating conditions, particularly dangerous operating conditions. Also, under such dangerous or potentially harmful conditions, there may be apparatus in said automobile for limiting the operation of the automobile in response to a determined defective operating condition. 
   As will be subsequently described in greater detail, the wireless transmission system used for the present invention may conveniently be wireless cellular telephonic systems. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The present invention will be better understood and its numerous objects and advantages will become more apparent to those skilled in the art by reference to the following drawings, in conjunction with the accompanying specification, in which: 
       FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a generalized data processing system including a central processor unit that provides an illustration of an on-board automobile operations control system wirelessly connected to the diagnostic center in the present invention; 
       FIG. 2  is a generalized diagrammatic view of a portion of a wireless mobile cellular telecommunications network including a base station connected to a Public Switched Transmission Network (PSTN) showing the continuous transmission paths to and from automobile and diagnostic center in accordance with the invention; 
       FIG. 3  is an illustrative flowchart describing the setting up of the elements needed for the program of the invention for continuously remotely monitoring and controlling automobile operations over a cellular telecommunications network; and 
       FIG. 4  is a flowchart of an illustrative simplified run of the program set up in FIG.  3 . 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
   Referring to  FIG. 1 , there is provided a diagrammatic view of a typical computer control system that may function as an automobile on-board computer control for sensing various parameters and controlling the automotive operations and functions, including the previously described monitoring and control functions, as well as the apparatus for continuously transmitting to and from the remote diagnostic centers for analyzing and correcting operational defects and communicating and correcting such faults remotely through wireless cellular communications. 
   It should be understood that the actual illustrative parameters being sensed or the particular defects being corrected are not themselves specifically pertinent to the invention. However, what is pertinent is how they illustrate that defects in automobile operating conditions requiring advanced detection and correction by diagnostic and repair centers are detected and controlled on a real-time basis by continuous monitoring and transmissions between the automobile and the remote diagnostic centers via wireless communications. Embedded control units  27  are positioned in dozens of places throughout the automobile. Typically, such control units are combinations of sensors and microprocessors controlling activators to function as sensors in making minor adjustments to valves and gauges, etc., to maintain parameters within operational ranges. Control units  27  are connected via I/O adapter  11  to a central processing unit  30  that, in turn, is interconnected to various other components by system bus  32  and coordinates the operations. An operating system  35  that runs on processor  30  provides control and is used to coordinate the functions of the various components of the control system. The OS  35  is stored in Random Access Memory (RAM)  31 ; which, in a typical automobile control system, has from four to eight megabytes of memory. The programs for the various automobile monitor and control functions, including those of the present invention, are permanently stored in Read Only Memory (ROM)  33  and moved into and out of RAM to perform their respective functions. The automobile has a basic display  43  controlled through display adapter  42  to provide information to the driver, including the safety and other information from the remote diagnostic center, as will be subsequently described. The automobile operator may provide interactive commands to the automobile control system through a user input  36  that may conveniently be implemented by standard dashboard buttons connected via an appropriate input adapter  37 . 
   The information from control units  27  is stored in a central storage unit  28  where it will be available for advanced diagnostics. In automobiles, there are programs available by which the central processing unit will analyze this stored information and then determine whether the time is appropriate for the automobile to be brought to a diagnostic and repair center to repair defective operating conditions. The system will then give the operator appropriate warning via display  43 . In accordance with the present invention, the stored data in module  28  is wirelessly transmitted to a remote diagnostic center on a continuous or real time basis as will be subsequently described. During the operation of the automobile, this data is continuously transmitted via cellular transceiver adapter  15  to cellular transceiver  16  mounted within the automobile with antenna  17  over a wireless cellular telephone system that will be described in greater detail with respect to  FIG. 2. A  transceiver is basically any conventional wireless cellular (transmitting/receiving) telephone mounted in the automobile under the control of processor  30  and operating as will hereinafter be described. 
   In  FIG. 2 , automobile  10  has unit  12  that is representative of the whole control system shown in  FIG. 1  transmitting through transceiver  16  via cellular signal  14  between antenna  17  and the nearest cellular tower  22 . 
   At this point, some general background information on cellular telephone systems should be reviewed in order for the invention to be better understood. 
   In the cellular system for the handheld mobile wireless phone, an area such as a city is broken up into small area cells. Each cell is about ten square miles in area. Each has its base station that has a tower for receiving/transmitting and a base connected into PSTN. Even though a typical carrier is allotted about 800 frequency channels, the creation of the cells permit extensive frequency reuse so that tens of thousands of people in the city can be using their cell phones simultaneously. Cell phone systems are now preferably digital with each cell having over 160 available channels for assignment to users. In a large city, there may be hundreds of cells, each with its tower and base station. Because of the number of towers and users per carrier, each carrier has a Mobile Telephone Switching Office (MTSO) that controls all of the base stations in the city or region and controls all of the connections to the land based PSTN. When a client cell phone gets an incoming call, MTSO tries to locate what cell the client mobile phone is in. The MTSO then assigns a frequency pair for the call to the cell phone. The MTSO then communicates with the client over a control channel to tell the client or user what frequency channels to use. Once the user phone and its respective cell tower are connected, the call is on between the cell phone and tower via two-way long range RF communication. In the United States, cell phones are assigned frequencies in the 824-894 MHz ranges. Since transmissions between the cell telephone and cell tower are digital, but the speaker and microphone in the telephone are analog, the cell telephone has to have a D to A converter from the input to the phone speaker and an A to D converter from the microphone to the output to the cell tower. 
   Accordingly, with respect to  FIG. 2 , cellular transceiver  16  transmits and receives signals to and from towers  22  within the 824-894 MHz frequencies. Once appropriate contact is established with tower  22 , the transmission would be conventional. The signals are passed through base station  23  to switching center  24  that then controls the routing of the call to a PSTN  25 . The above-mentioned MTSO is associated with the switching center  24 . The PSTN then, in the conventional cellular manner, routes the call through switching center  21  through wired connection to and from the remote Diagnostic Center  28  that comprises a data storage device  29  for the received data and conventional diagnostic means, i.e. a conventional diagnostic center except that it receives data transmitted wirelessly on a real-time basis and provides the corrective and informative data back to the automobile involving the path through switching centers  21  and  19 , PSTN  25  and a cellular tower  22  back through transceiver  16 . 
   Now, with reference to the programming shown in  FIG. 3 , there will be described how the system and programs of the present invention are set up. In an automobile having a standard on-board computer system and a plurality of conventional sensors for sensing a variety of operational parameters, there is set up a module for storing the sensed parameters on a continuous basis, step  71 . Simpler on-board diagnostics are provided whereby sensed parameters are diagnosed by computer and microprocessor controls to thereby adjust simple defective automobile operating conditions within the automobile, step  72 . A cellular telephone transceiver is set up in the automobile, step  73 . A wireless connection is provided between the transceiver and a remote station that furnishes diagnostics on automobiles based upon and responsive to an input representative of the sensed parameters, step  74 . The diagnostic center provides an output relative to any defective operating condition in the automobile beyond the simple defective conditions that were adjustable in step  72 . This output is provided back to the automobile over the wireless path, step  75 . Apparatus is provided, step  76 , in the automobile to correct the defective operating conditions provided by the diagnostic center in step  75 . The correction is preferably transparent to the operator, step  76 . There is also an output provided in step  75  warning the operator of dangerous driving conditions, step  77 , that may result from the sensed data provided to the diagnostic center alone or that information in combination with other information that the diagnostic center may get from independent sources, e.g. weather conditions. For example, in the case where the sensed defect is diminished traction; that alone may not pose an immediate danger. However, if the diagnostic center also becomes aware of potential wet weather conditions, it may issue an appropriate warning. Also, if the defect results in potentially dangerous driving conditions, the diagnostic center may transmit a wireless signal that will block or otherwise limit the operation of the automobile, step  78 . 
   Now, with reference to the flowchart of  FIG. 4 , a simplified illustrative run of the process set up in  FIG. 3  will be described. A determination is made as to whether the automobile is on or being operated, step  80 . If Yes, the sensors are monitored, step  81 , and the sensed data is stored in the data storage module in the automobile, step  82 . A determination may be made as to whether a particular defect is correctable by the onboard computer/microprocessor in the automobile, step  83 . If Yes, the defect is corrected on-board, transparently to the operator if possible, step  91 , and the sensing process is returned to step  80  via branch “A” and continued. If the decision in step  83  is No, the data is stored in the storage module and continuously transmitted to the remote diagnostics center, step  84 . A determination is made as to whether there is an uncorrected defect that the diagnostic center can correct, step  85 . If No, the sensing process is returned to step  80  via branch “A” and continued. If Yes, the diagnostic center transmits appropriate correction data back to the automobile, step  86 , to preferably correct transparently, step  87 , and if appropriate, data is displayed in the automobile, step  88 . Also, the diagnostic center may determine whether there are any dangerous conditions, step  89 . If No, the sensing process is returned to step  80  via branch “A” and continued. If Yes, the diagnostic center may send a signal to limit or stop the use of the automobile, step  90 . 
   Although certain preferred embodiments have been shown and described, it will be understood that many changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope and intent of the appended claims.