Abstract:
A locking device to hold an asphalt milling machine on a loader bucket to increase stability and accuracy of the milling machine and increase the speed at which the loader bucket can transition between directing the milling machine and picking up ground asphalt.

Description:
BACKGROUND  
         [0001]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0002]    The present invention relates to peripheral attachments, and more particularly, to various mechanisms, systems, and methods for quickly and efficiently removably coupling peripheral attachments to heavy machinery by way of an actuating coupler.  
           [0003]    2. Background of the Invention and Related Art  
           [0004]    In the general and heavy construction industries, and particularly the earth-moving and paving industries, it is common practice to utilize peripheral attachments that temporarily and removably couple to various machinery, such as front-end loaders, skid steers, backhoes, etc., to assist construction workers in the labor-intensive task of removing existing surface or paving materials, such as asphalt, concrete, and other similar materials (hereinafter referred to collectively as paving or paving materials) for one or more purposes. For example, peripheral attachments may be utilized to cut and remove old sections of paving, in order to resurface an area or prepare the area to receive new paving, to access utility and power lines, and/or to perform a variety of other similar tasks. Several different types of peripheral attachments have been developed to assist construction workers in these labor-intensive tasks.  
         SUMMARY AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION  
         [0005]    In light of the deficiencies found in prior art coupling means, the present invention seeks to provide a more efficient and effective method of coupling safety.  
           [0006]    These and other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth or will become more fully apparent in the description that follows and in the appended claims. The features and advantages may be realized and obtained by means of the instruments and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims. Furthermore, the features and advantages of the invention may be learned by the practice of the invention or will be obvious from the description, as set forth hereinafter.  
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0007]    In order that the manner in which the above recited and other advantages and features of the invention are obtained, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof, which are illustrated in the appended drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are not therefore to be considered limiting of its scope, the invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which:  
         [0008]    [0008]FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate an asphalt milling machine having a bucket engagement area and a bucket locking plate;  
         [0009]    [0009]FIG. 3 illustrates the cylindrical mandrel of a milling machine;  
         [0010]    [0010]FIG. 4 illustrates the locking plate; and  
         [0011]    [0011]FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate the hydraulic actuating mechanism for the locking plate.  
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0012]    It will be readily understood that the components of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following more detailed description of the embodiments of the system and method of the present invention, and represented in FIGS. 1 through 6, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of the presently preferred embodiments of the invention.  
         [0013]    The presently preferred embodiments of the invention will be best understood by reference to the drawings wherein like parts are designated by like numerals throughout.  
         [0014]    The present invention relates to peripheral attachments, and more particularly to an attachment system for engaging a milling machine to a bucket of a tractor, loader, backhoe or other equipment capable of attaching a bucket.  
         [0015]    In the disclosure and in the claims the term “paving material” shall refer to any material that may be used to pave a road, path, sidewalk, parking lot, driveway, thoroughfare, or any other similar surface. Examples of paving materials include asphalt, tarmac, pavement, cement, clay, stone and dirt.  
         [0016]    Embodiments of the present invention may be used to mill, grind, cut, and/or slot paving material that may be configured to be coupled to a piece of heavy machinery (e.g., a front-end loader, skid steer, backhoe, excavator, or other similar piece of machinery) that selectively pushes or pulls the peripheral attachment in a desired direction. The peripheral attachment includes a cutting head that spins on an axis to either break up and mill or cut the paving material.  
         [0017]    With reference to FIG. 1, shown is a representative exemplary embodiment of a rotary milling machine having a bucket slot  20  into which the bottom of a rotor bucket may be placed.  
         [0018]    [0018]FIG. 2 contains a second view of the slot  20  and more particularly shows locking plate  22  resting against the bottom of slot  20 . This is the position in which locking plate  22  will be prior to insertion of the bucket. Attached to the bottom of locking plate  22  is transfer arm  24 , which transfers motion from a hydraulic ram  26  from a linear motion into an arced generally vertical motion. In other words, as hydraulic ram  26  is extended, pressure is placed on transfer arm  24  which then converts that linear extension into an upward movement of locking plate  22 . As locking plate  22  is moved upward, it pushes the bottom of the loader bucket against the top of slot  20 .  
         [0019]    The movement of transfer arm  24  can be more clearly seen in FIGS. 4, 5, and  6 . FIGS. 4, 5, and  6  depict the inside of slot  20  and in particular FIG. 4 shows transfer arm  24  attached to the bottom of locking plate  22 . FIG. 5 shows the attachment of hydraulic ram  26  to the back of transfer arm  24 . FIGS. 4 and 6 both show locking plate  22  in a partially elevated position. Hydraulic ram  26  can be clearly seen in FIG. 6. It is important to note that hydraulic ram  26  is not located in a plane parallel with the locking plate so that extension of ram  26  results in a downward motion being exerted on transfer arm  24  which then pivots about a point  28  to translate movement into a vertical vector on locking plate  22 . When hydraulic ram  26  is completely extended, locking plate  22  will be pressed against the top of slot  20 . If a loader bucket is placed in slot  20  when the hydraulic ram  26  is actuated, this upward pressure will result in the bucket being locked in place inside of slot  20 .  
         [0020]    There are several advantages of having a loader bucket locked in slot  22 . The first advantage is that when compared to milling machines being directed and moved when attached to a bucket, the locking plate provides a significant improvement in the stability of the milling machine during transport and operation. For example, when a bucket is located into a slot without a locking plate, the bucket will initially apply pressure to the bottom of the slot as the milling machine is lifted. As the milling machine begins to operate and the bucket is used to press the milling machine down into the asphalt surface, the orientation of the bucket within the slot will change and the bucket will begin to press against the top of the slot. Because the slot typically has several inches between the top and bottom, the bucket may travel through this arc without having any positive engagement to the milling machine. As a result, as the milling machine begins to encounter asphalt and vibrates as the rotary mill begins to penetrate the asphalt, this vibration and “bucking” results in movement between the relative position of the bucket and the milling machine. This movement makes it difficult to accurately place the milling machine into the asphalt since the bucket is wider then the milling machine the milling machine tends to wander to the left or to the right within the bucket. While this is not a problem when a wide portion of asphalt is to be pulverized, this is a problem if a narrow strip of asphalt is the intended target of the milling machine. Because the milling machine wanders back and forth in the bucket, it is difficult to accurately place the milling machine within the desired area of asphalt.  
         [0021]    In contradistinction, when the milling machine is locked onto the bucket using the device of the present invention, the machine does not wander on the bucket and is easily placed into the portion of asphalt to be pulverized. A subsidiary benefit of this placement is that the machine need not be locked to the center of the bucket but if desired, may be locked to one of the edges of the bucket. This is particularly desirable in tight locations when the asphalt to be pulverized is next to a building or curb or obstacle.  
         [0022]    In addition to the enhanced stability and accuracy provided by the present invention, another advantage is the speed in changing between the loader bucket for guiding the milling machine and using the bucket to pick up and load onto a truck the pulverized asphalt. This advantage is particularly clear when a comparison is made to the quick released system typically in place today. In a quick release system, two horizontal bars with hooks are used so that a loader may engage a bucket, or may leave the bucket at the side of the road and engage the quick release device of the milling machine. When the milling operation is finished, the milling machine is then placed to the side, the loader returns to the location of the bucket, engages the bucket and then returns to the site to load the pulverized asphalt.  
         [0023]    In contrast, when using the present invention, the bucket always remains attached to the loader. As a result, there is no need to return to the site of the bucket to attach the bucket after the milling operation is completed. Instead, the milling machine may be placed to the side and the bucket can immediately be used to load the pulverized asphalt. This results in a significant savings of time and also prevents the introduction of extra equipment into sometimes tightly confined areas. Because the bucket need not be left behind, other equipment may be placed in the location where that bucket would have typically been placed. In addition, many devices do not have quick connect or quick release attachments and cannot be used with these systems. Loaders without quick release systems still have a bucket, nevertheless, which allows use with the present invention.  
         [0024]    Although a flat locking plate  22  is shown in the illustrations, it will be appreciated that any shaped locking plate may be employed which results in a pressure being applied to the bucket to retain the bucket in place relative to the position of the equipment being directed by the bucket.  
         [0025]    In addition, other articulating arm shapes may be utilized to translate the movement of a hydraulic ram into a vertical component. For example in some embodiments, a shorter hydraulic ram could be placed directly under the locking plate to directly actuate the locking plate without the need for an articulating arm. In some embodiments, several articulating arms may be utilized having a hydraulic ram attached to each. In some embodiments, several actuating arms might be utilized both attached to one hydraulic ram. In some embodiments other motives and forces may be used to force locking plate against the bottom of the loader bucket. For example, pneumatic systems, electric systems, or other gear driven mechanic systems could be utilized to apply pressure to the loader bucket.  
         [0026]    In addition to the single or multi-armed engagement devices described above, one embodiment of the present invention anticipates a wedge-shaped locking plate that is directly connected to a hydraulic ram without any intermediate curved transfer arm. Instead, the wedge travels in a linear path toward or away from the ram. In embodiments where the ram is located inside the narrow end of the milling machine slot, the ram is connected to the ram either directly or with a straight transfer arm interposed between the ram and plate. After the loader bucket is placed in the slot, the ram is activated pulling the wedge into the narrow end of the slot and wedging the bucket inside of the slot.  
         [0027]    Similarly, when the ram is located at the wide, open end of the slot, the ram pushes the wedge toward the closed end of the slot to wedge the bottom of the bucket in the slot.  
         [0028]    The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit of essential characteristics. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only al illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims, rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.  
         [0029]    What is claimed and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is: