Abstract:
A system for locating corresponding ends of a communications or data patch cable used to conduct a signal between computing or telecommunications devices. The invention provides a physical indication of the location of an opposite end of a given patch cable when a switching means on the first end of the same cable is activated. The invention utilizes an existing pair of wires in category-type cables to send a DC voltage when activated to illuminate a light emitting diode in the opposite end of a patch cable thereby providing an immediate indication of the location of the termination of the opposite end of a patch cable making it possible to visually identify a cable without removing the cable from service or from connection of the modular plugs on either end of the cable.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit of the applicant&#39;s provisional application Ser. No. 60/522,195 which was filed Aug. 30, 2004 and assigned to the assignee of the present application. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to communications and data processing patch cords and cables used in telephone systems, computer networking systems including ethernet connections, and for other electronic cabling systems. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     Communications and computer networking systems generally utilize cabling complying with certain standards such as ethernet or other related cabling standard protocols. Many buildings utilize networking cable which conforms to an ethernet standard utilizing what is commonly known as Category 5 (“Cat 5”) Wire standards or higher. Telephone systems such as electronic telephone switches and private branch exchanges may utilize similar cabling known as Category 3 (“Cat 3”) Wire. In all of the categories commonly available for communications cabling or networking patch cords, modular type plugs are used at each end of one particular branch in order to connect the cabling from a device such as a telephone or a computer network card, to an area where patch panels are supplied to allow flexibility in the cabling topography in any one location. Such cable installations are commonly referred to “premise wiring” being the cabling that is permanently installed throughout the building as part of the building utility or information infrastructure and ultimately is consolidated to a MDF (main data frame/facility) or several IDF&#39;s (intermediate data frames/facilities connecting to the MDF in larger facilities) where the consolidated patch panels are located as well as centrally located data devices needing to be connected to the premise wiring. Premise wiring is fixed in nature, that is, once installed, such wiring is dedicated to identified or defined locations within the premises. 
     Networking closets where connecting cabling generally converges can be difficult to manage in middle to large scale installations where there may be dozens, and perhaps hundreds of cable converging in a closet where patch panels are utilized to allow flexibility in connections and reconfiguration of the networking layout. In most telephone communications and networking wiring closets (referred to MDF or IDF), there are multiple devices which include switches, routers, hubs, servers, telecommunications equipment and other devices which all are connected using conventional patch panels. Patch panels, usually a starting point of the premises wiring, allow flexibility in the interconnection of the physical wires that are run through the facility being served. The wires used in such installations are intended to deliver data and voice to the various locations throughout a physical environment, such as an office building, multiple building campus or the like. 
     Patch panels and data devices must be connected together via a cable length commonly referred to as a “patch cable”. Commonly, the cables running through the physical plant or building converging on a given network closet number in the hundreds and are typically of like design, length and color, without any distinctive identifying marks. Even if various colors are used to designate the difference between telephone cabling, computer network cabling or video cabling, it is still difficult to differentiate between the groups of cable within one category. 
     In a modest office building, for example, with thirty-five different offices within the building, there can be at least thirty-five different network cables converging on a network cable closet, as well as thirty-five or more telephone cables and other communications or data cables which may include video cabling also. In such installations all of the premises wiring is run to a termination point, being the patch panel or several patch panels at either an MDF or an IDF. From the patch panel, patch cables are run to the appropriate devices commonly located in the networking closet which may be standard rack configured equipment or devices such as the hubs, routers, computers, remote disk drives or even the servers themselves. In the simplest terms, a patch cable, as referenced in this application, can be thought of as an extension cord to plugging in the phone or the computer from the termination point on the patch panel to the ultimate device being connected to each individual computer or telephone. 
     In such a cabling environment the cables are normally bundled together and run through a series of cable management devices which can be wire ties, hooks, cable trays and other conduits to get the cables from the device in a particular office to the patch panel in the networking closet. Connections are not permanent and they often need to be moved between various devices on demand or to reconfigure the data processing network or telephone system being used. The very reason patch panels exist are to allow reconfiguration of the cables without the need to permanently rewire the end of the cable terminating in the wire or cable closet. One particular connection from the networking closet must go to a specific location in the building to correlate to the intended use for a telephone or a particular network device such as a laptop or desktop computer. 
     Currently a popular way to keep track of the corresponding ends of a particular physical cable is to run one cable at a time and create a physical written log that references where each cable starts and finishes. Such a log would reference connection points, not the cables themselves. For example, a log may say that patch panel port #1 goes to switch #3, port #5, and is used for data. This is repeated hundreds of times and this conventional effort at keeping track of the topography or configuration of the physical wiring in a given building becomes a problem. Not only is it time consuming, it&#39;s sometimes inaccurate, and it is not always a permanent reference. 
     Also, under normal circumstances, if the log gets lost, or the writer makes a mistake, or if any changes are made in the wiring closet that are not documented (a common situation), one must start the entire process over. Such a process also does not account for the addition of new devices to the network closet or to the device or equipment rack contained therein, additional premise wiring being installed and needing to be patched into the system, individual patch cabling replacement due to upgrade or failure (which would need to be completed one cable at a time to maintain or create a log), or a network device being removed. 
     It is also possible to place hang tags on the end of cables, or to put bands on the cable which have a number corresponding to the same cable at each end. For example, a given cable can be marked “D-30” on each end of the cable so that one would be able to search through a bundle looking for the same reference at the other end of the cable. This is time consuming in itself, and labels fall off, are difficult to find within a thick bundle of cables, and otherwise are occasionally misread if they are reviewed upside-down and must be addressed on a one by one basis. 
     A common example of errors in log keeping might be that if a network cabling technician is requested to take ports  100  through  105  on a given patch panel which may be currently assigned to a telephone device, and switch them over to a data device, then the wiring log does not accurately reflect where the cables on ports  100  to  105  are plugged in. Such an event is common in buildings where there may be limited numbers of ports available into a given room. A conference room may need to temporarily reassign jacks from telephone use to data use for multiple computers in presentations or other temporary needs. On the other end of each cable, one has to physically verify the routing of each individual cable. This may entail unplugging each cable one at a time and following it through the hundreds of cables in the wire management devices to determine where it terminates on the other end, and what equipment it may be plugged into. This is and has been a time consuming task for many wiring technicians and network administrators. 
     The most commonly found wiring scheme in most physical cabling layouts today are the Category 3, 5 and 6 cabling for which the standards are well known in a variety of uses for telecommunications and ethernet networking. The ubiquitous ethernet plug termination device is known as an RJ45 modular connector which is used for Category 3, Category 5 and Category 6 wiring. The typical unshielded twisted pair (UTP) or shielded twisted pair (STP) category cables have eight wires or conductors, which comprise four pairs of wires. Each pair can consist of a solid color wire and a white and color striped wire of the same color to designate the pair. Each of the pairs are twisted together to utilize noise cancellation and to prevent radiation of a signal as is a required characteristic of ethernet cabling. 
     The pairs designated for conventional 10BaseT ethernet or 100BaseT ethernet are orange and green in a typical Category 5 cable. The other two pairs in the cable, brown and blue, are unused for virtually all applications. The two wiring standards for these cables are called T-568A and T-568B. These standards differ only in pin assignments, not in the uses of the various colors in the standard code. The T-568A specification reverses the orange and green connections, so that the blue and orange pairs are on the center four pins of a typical connector, which makes in more compatible with telephone voice connections. Although it should be noted that most off-the-shelf data equipment and cables seem to be wired for the T-568B standard, there is no difference in connectivity between the T-568B and the T-568A cables. Either wiring may be found in typical systems. 
     The eight conductor (four pairs) of wiring for a typical ethernet plug is terminated in the RJ45 (“Registered Jack45”) modular connector. There are eight connection pins in the RJ45 numbered accordingly. As mentioned above, there are four conductors (two pairs) that typically are not used at all in most applications. Virtually all of the patch cables used in category wiring are of the RJ45 type, although the smaller RJ-11 (“Registered Jack-11”) type connector is used for many telephone cabling and has four or six wire connections. 
     It would be useful to have a system in which it would be immediately apparent as to where the opposite end of a given patch cable currently connected to a patch panel may terminate. Although there are portable devices which can be plugged into cable jacks to send tones, and other signals which may be received on the opposite end of a connector or panel by plugging in a corresponding test device, there is a need for an integrated system which is built in to a given patch cable and does not require external connections, test equipment or other complicated testing protocol. Many of the test devices now used in confirming network cable and patch panel performance still require that the user find the other end of a patch cable to test the connection anyway. 
     It is, accordingly, the object of the present invention to present a means to identify and locate the opposite end of a data or telecommunications patch cord without removing the cord from service and without applying any external apparatus. 
     It is also an object of the present invention to present a means to integrate a cable end identification system within a given ethernet or telecommunications patch cord. 
     It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide a computer patch cord cable system which contains an internal power supply integrated into a modular plug on the cable, with a modular plug on the opposite end of the cable containing an integrated light signaling means operatively connected through the patch cable to the power supply which may be selectively activated to provide recognition of the matching ends of the said patch cable. 
     It is also an object of the present invention to provide a modular plug in the form of a RJ45 style connector for use in ethernet and other networking environments which contain an integrated cable end identification system within the connector to allow for direct retrofit or new cable construction which may be used in an existing ethernet environment without any need to change the configuration of the system wiring. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is directed to an internal, self-contained system of identifying the matching ends of a given category style cable patch cord. In the simplest preferred embodiment, the system utilizes an internal battery source on one end of an otherwise generally conventional modular plug or connector and a light emitting diode integrated into the modular connector located at the opposite end of a given patch cord. By manipulating a momentary contact spring loaded switch on a first connector on the patch cord, the modular connector on the opposite side of a given patch cord illuminates, thereby providing a visual signal of the precise termination of a given patch cord without removing the cord or applying any external testing means. 
     The device utilizes a single unused pair of wires connected to a typical RJ-45 ethernet plug to carry DC voltage from a small long life battery integrated into a first modular plug, sending such voltage when activated through a switch to a light emitting diode molded within the modular plug located at the opposite end of the same patch cord. When a switch is pushed on the first connector, voltage is passed through one pair of the category wiring facilitating an isolated positive and negative DC connection to the light emitting diode end of the cable, thereby illuminating the LED and providing an immediate indication of the exact termination point of a given patch cord being tested. 
     Diodes are inserted between the positive flow of current and the RJ plug protecting both the circuit from a terminal condition as well as the device to which the network port is connected from a potentially harmful voltage condition. The insertion of a diode provides an isolated, closed loop circuit for the operation of the lamp. By allowing illumination of the opposite end of a given patch cord without removing the patch cord from service, the corresponding end of a given patch cord can be identified even as the cord remains in service. 
     The operation of the invention allows a network administrator or wiring technician to reconfigure cabling utilizing the invention without the need to physically retrace the topography or configuration of the patch cord, or to disconnect the patch cords to apply testing equipment to determine whether a particular modular plug is actually terminated with an identified opposite end of the same cable. Additionally, a technician may install an unlimited number of cables simultaneously without having to “map” each connection. A bundle of perhaps one hundred cables may be put into place through the cable management devices and upon connection to the patch panel, individual cable may be identified with the push of a button and subsequently connected to their desired device. In such a scenario, five to ten such cables may typically be correctly identified using the invention and connected in the time it takes to log a single patch connection without the invention. 
     In an alternate preferred embodiment, a single modular connector contains the battery, switch and the LED such that the illumination and identification process may be initialed from either end of a cable. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a pictorial diagram of an RJ45 modular connector comprising the illumination end of a patch cord utilizing the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a pictorial diagram of an RJ45 modular connector illustrating the switch and selector end of a patch cord utilizing the present invention. 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic diagram of the invention which employs separate connector configurations at either end of a typical patch cord utilizing the present invention. 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic diagram of the alternate embodiment of the invention which utilizes a single plug configuration applied to a typical patch cord utilizing the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     And now the invention shall be described in terms of the preferred embodiment utilizing various figures provided wherein like-numbers refer to like-parts. The invention may be applied in two different, but generally similar embodiments depending on the application and convenience desired in the use of the cables to which the inventions are applied.  FIGS. 1 and 2  present the internal configuration of a complimentary pair of RJ45 type modular connectors which are used in the first embodiment of the invention where complete compatibility to the power over ethernet protocol remains available where a user may desire to apply the invention in such an environment. 
       FIG. 3  is a schematic diagram illustrating the typical configuration of a telecommunications interconnect cable for data or voice devices which contain a visual identification component for the purposes of identification of the opposite end of the termination of a given individual cable. For purposes of clarity, it should be appreciated that  FIG. 3  shows an exploded view of connector  22  and  20 , wherein  FIG. 1  illustrates modular connector  22  in a configuration as constructed and  FIG. 2  likewise illustrates a modular connector  22  as constructed in operation. 
       FIG. 4  shows an alternate embodiment of the invention which provides for a unitary design of the connectors so that only one configuration of plug is needed and each plug contains a switch to light a LED on the connector disposed on the opposite end of the cable to which the connectors are applied. It can be seen that the connector design presented in  FIG. 4  provides for the same general wiring scheme utilizing the same wire pair illustrated as will be discussed below. 
     In returning to  FIG. 3 , a generic cable is illustrated which is comprised of a category cable typically using an Electronic Industry Association (EIA) standard Category 3, Category 5, or Category 6 unshielded twisted pair cable terminating in an RJ-style connector intended to connect two independent devices complying with the set standard. Examples of such devices that are in common use today utilizing patch cables are hubs, switches, patch panels, routers, telephone PBX, POE injectors, data repeaters, gateways, and other such data network and telecommunications accessories and devices utilizing connectors and patch cables to configure and reconfigure such systems to be flexible with the requirements of the user. The cable, typically UTP consists of four pairs of individually coded copper wires, thereby comprising eight separate conductors. The wires encased in insulation with the wires laying parallel to each other at their termination point as suggested by  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2  illustrating a typical connector. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the wiring conforms to a standard EIA-568 wiring configuration, but terminates through a modified RJ45 connection which utilizes typically unused pairs in the standard configuration to accomplish the improvements of the invention. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 1 , a pictorial diagram illustrating illumination section of a patch cable in the preferred embodiment is shown. The invention utilizes a generally conventionally dimensioned RJ45 connector  22 , but further contains internal components molded into the connector. Also, it should be appreciated that both connector  20  and  22  are slightly larger in the portion of each connector which is external to the female RJ45 connectors into which the male connectors are plugged. The actual terminal portions of each connector are identical in dimensions as any standard RJ45 connector. The housing on the body of each connector is enlarged to contain the components needed, though there is no problem with compatibility as such portions remain outside of the female plug and do not interfere with the operation of the connector. Connector  22  is comprised of the termination end of the connector  52  which is wired with a total of eight separate pins as would be immediately recognized by those skilled in the art. Utilizing the existing data pair for pin  7  shown at  34 , pin  8  shown at  36  the Category 5 data pair 4 in the EIA T-568A or T-568B configuration is used. Although not normally incorporated into most uses, the data pair utilized in the present invention may be used in an application for data purposes since the invention isolates the use of the pairs to apply DC power across the patch cord through the use of diodes and a momentary switch. 
     Turning now to  FIG. 1 , illumination connector  22  places light emitting diode  24  across conductor number 7 shown at  34 , and conductor number 8 shown at  36 . By placing isolation diode  42  in parallel with light emitting diode  24 , insulation is achieved by allowing direct current to be applied across the pair, thus illuminating light emitting diode  24  and providing isolation of any reverse current or other low level signal that may appear on the pair being used as well as limiting an undesired voltage condition to the end device. 
     It would be appreciated by those skilled in the art that by applying a low voltage across light emitting diode  24 , the diode would be illuminated and would provide an indication of a DC signal being placed or presented across it. Light emitting diodes are well known in the art, and are available in a variety of different configurations, sizes, colors and illumination brilliance. In the present invention, connector  22  is constructed with the light emitting diode integrated in the plastic molding that is used in the construction of RJ45s. Likewise, diode  42  may be placed within the connector to provide it with protection, or could be placed at the termination point of conductor  34  where it is molded or crimped into connector  22 . In all other respects, connector  22  is a standard connector and is applied in the same manner as any other modular connector is used in the modern patch cord environment. By placing diode  42  and light emitting diode  24  within the connector itself, it can be appreciated that the connector can be applied without external apparatus required to place a conventional Category 5 cable into service as a patch cord utilizing the present invention, and not be limited to a specific cable brand, length, color, or application. 
     Turning to  FIG. 2 , switch connector plug  20  of the present invention is shown in pictorial form. Just as in the opposite end of the cable which utilizes connector  22 , connector  20  uses the same conductors  34  and  36 , thereby comprising a pair known as the fourth pair in the conventional EIA T-568A or T-568B configuration as universally applied. Modular connector  20  utilizes a single pole, double throw momentary contact switch  28  which applies voltage across the fourth pair by completing the continuity between battery  20  and conductor  34  and  36  as illustrated in  FIG. 2 . When switch  28  is activated, a voltage is presented across the pair and is transmitted through the patch cord to connector  22 , thus illuminating the light emitting diode  24 . 
     Since the connectors in the first preferred embodiment have the components illustrated in  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2  integrated into the molding of the connector, all connections to the connectors are accomplished using standard RJ termination shown at  50  and  52  utilizing crimp-style termination as is most commonly used to connect registered jack-type of termination, such as RJ-11 and RJ45s as illustrated in the figures. 
     Returning to  FIG. 3 , the entire invention is shown in electrical schematic form, wherein patch cable  10  is comprised of illumination connector  22 , switch connector  20 , diode  40  and button cell  26  with switch  28 . Light emitting diode  24  is shown in series with diode  42 , although it should be appreciated that for illustration purposes the schematic representation of the internal components are shown outside of connector  20  and  22  for clarity. 
     It should also be appreciated that it would be possible to use the illumination method and connectors in other standard modular jack or patch cord configurations, whether using registered jacks, phono jacks, or other types of connectors where there may be either multiple pairs available for the application of DC voltage across the patching cable, or the patch cable can impress DC voltage across a given pair which is isolated from any signal being conducted through the cable. Such applications would be useful at broadcast facilities as well as other studio-type configurations where there are dozens or perhaps hundreds of patch cables from rack-mounted connection areas reconfiguration of processing equipment whether it would be for analog signals or data, telecommunications or other uses as well as hybrid configuration where category cabling is configured for custom application such as alarm systems, commercial electronic locking mechanisms (office, airport, police stations, etc.), test equipment (control panel with multiple connections to the device to be tested), etc. 
     Moreover, it can also be appreciated that in some situations it may be desirable to allow activation of the present invention from either end of a given patch cord. Therefore, an alternate embodiment of the present invention presented in  FIG. 4  would provide for an integration of connector  20  and  22 , yielding connector  23 , thereby allowing that a button battery, momentary contact switch, and light emitting diode along with isolation diodes as may be desirable would be integrated into a connector which would allow illumination of both ends of a given cable by applying switch pressure at either end of the cable that would have a momentary contact switch. Although the cost might be higher for the use of such modular connectors because of the additional components required, it could be appreciated that by use of a unitary design only one style of modular connector would be necessary since the same connector would be applied to both ends of the same cable. 
     Connector  23  shown in  FIG. 4  is internally configured to be identical on both ends of the cable allowing access to switch  28   a  or  28   b  on either end of cable  10 . In  FIG. 4 , patch cable  10  is comprised of identical connector  23 . Each internally are comprised of light emitting diode  24 , button battery cell  26 , and momentary contact, single pole, double throw switch  28 . In addition, each connector contains isolation diode  42  which functions in a similar fashion as shown in the circuit shown in  FIG. 3 . In each instance, it can be appreciated that the components described in  FIG. 4  are identical on either end of the cable, since connector  23  is identical, thereby allowing switch  28  to be present on each connector as such switch is presented in  FIG. 2 . Pressing switch  28   a  or  28   b  will light the LED on each end of cable  10  as long as the switch is depressed. For example, pressing switch  28  will illuminate diode  24   a  and  24   b . Pressing switch  28   b  will illuminate diode  24   a  and  24   b . Therefore, in this configuration it can be appreciated that either end of the cable can be used to illuminate the opposite end, as opposed to using the mating design suggested in  FIGS. 1 through 3 . The only disadvantage that may be presented in the design depicted in  FIG. 4  is the existence of diode  42   a  and  42   b . With this diode in place, should one wish to send a signal over ethernet cable conductors  7  or  8 , depicted as  34  and  36  in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , diode  42   a  and  42   b  may prevent that from occurring because of the way the diodes are configured in the circuit. It should be appreciated that currently, except in limited special applications, the pair being used to accomplish the results described are not normally configured in the ethernet standard, as explained above, but may be used in limited circumstances if an application wished to impress a DC voltage across the conductors to provide power to a remote network component by supplying DC power over an ethernet. If such a configuration is applied, it can be seen that the design of the connector pairs in  FIG. 3  would allow DC voltage to flow in one direction given the configuration of diode  42  in those diagrams. In certain applications it can also be seen that diode  42  can be eliminated, thereby eliminating reverse polarity protection, but allowing the cable configuration to be used without concern for polarity limitations presented by using diode  42 . 
     Although the invention has been described in accordance with the preferred embodiment and a useful alternative embodiment, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the application of the present invention is useful in a variety of configurations and designs not specifically described above. All such designs and applications are considered to be within the scope of the present disclosure, and the invention is applicable across a wide variety of patch cable connection applications where immediate identification of an opposite end of the given patch cable of any configuration is desirable. Such applications are considered within the scope and spirit of the present invention.