Abstract:
Apparatuses for supporting a workpiece are disclosed. In one example, the apparatus includes a plurality of shaft supports. The apparatus further includes a shaft defined between the shaft supports, the shaft extending through an aperture defined in each of the plurality of shaft supports. Further included in the apparatus is a plurality of rollers defined to rotate about the shaft, the rollers defined between the plurality of shaft supports.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
       [0001]    Many processes for semiconductor and disk manufacturing require extremely clean workpieces before the processes may start. For example, particulates or contaminates that attach to or form on the workpiece before processing may eventually cause defects in the workpiece. When the workpieces are disks to be processed, such particulates or contaminates may be hydrophobic or hydrophyllic, and may include layers: e.g., thin oxide surface layers; surface asperities such as scratches, nodules, and ridges that may be induced by a prior polishing operation; materials adhered to the workpiece due to the polishing operation; and loosely adhered particles from the environment in which the workpiece has been stored. These particulates or contaminates may also be aged, and thus be more stable and more difficult to remove before the processing. Cleaning, then, is a process intended to remove substantially all of such particulates or contaminates from workpieces before processing, such as processing of magnetic media or semiconductor workpieces. A clean workpiece is thus a workpiece from which substantially all of such particulates or contaminates have been removed before processing. 
         [0002]    Therefore, there is a need for improving techniques for cleaning workpieces, such as those workpieces that present problems and require removal of substantially all of such particulates or contaminates from the workpieces before processing. Moreover, these improved techniques must allow cleaning of a workpiece to be done quickly so as to reduce the cost of capital equipment for the cleaning. 
         [0003]    What is needed then, is apparatus configured to clean workpieces quickly, yet during the cleaning operation of one workpiece, to increase the time provided for contact at the brush-workpiece interface according to characteristics of the workpiece. What is also needed is apparatus configured to clean a group of workpieces, wherein all workpieces of the group are cleaned by the same apparatus,. It is within this context that embodiments of the invention arise. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0004]    Broadly speaking, embodiments of the present invention fill these needs by providing methods of and apparatus configured to support the efficient cleaning of the workpieces. In one embodiment, an apparatus for supporting a workpiece is provided. The apparatus includes a plurality of shaft supports and a shaft defined between the shaft supports. The shaft extends through an aperture defined in each of the plurality of shaft supports. Additionally, there are a plurality of rollers defined to rotate about the shaft where the rollers are defined between the plurality of shaft supports. 
         [0005]    In another embodiment, an apparatus for supporting a semi-conductor substrate is disclosed. The apparatus includes a first carrier that has a plurality of support slots formed on an interior face. The apparatus also includes a second carrier that opposes the first carrier, the second carrier having a plurality of support slots on an interior face. Also included in the apparatus is a plurality of shaft supports that are positioned within the support slots. Each of the shaft supports has an aperture that extends from respective carriers. The apparatus further includes a shaft that is defined through the apertures along a length of the respective carriers. Additionally, the apparatus includes a plurality of rollers defined to rotate about the shaft where the rollers are defined between the plurality of shaft supports. 
         [0006]    In still another embodiment, a substrate cleaning apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a brush member that has an axis of rotation and further has scrubbing material to clean a substrate. The apparatus also includes a support member that supports a substrate in contact with the brush. The support member includes a shaft that is defined through apertures on a plurality of shaft supports. The shaft configured to extend through an aperture defined in each of the plurality of shaft supports. Additionally, the shaft has a plurality of rollers defined between the plurality of shaft supports where the plurality of rollers are further defined to rotate about the shaft. 
         [0007]    Other aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrating by way of example the principles of the invention. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0008]    The invention, together with further advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 
           [0009]      FIG. 1A  is an exemplary illustration of a support structure in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0010]      FIG. 1B  is a simplified schematic diagram illustrating a cleaning apparatus that the support structure may be integrated with, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
           [0011]      FIG. 2  is a schematic illustrating roller assemblies along with the disc in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0012]      FIG. 3  is an exemplary illustration of the roller assembly where one of the carriers has been made semi-transparent in order to show carrier features, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0013]      FIGS. 4A through 4D  are an exemplary rendering of the carrier with various numbers of supports and rollers to show various aspects of the interaction between parts, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0014]      FIG. 5  includes an exploded view of the roller assembly in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0015]      FIG. 6  is schematic illustrating various views of the carrier in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention 
           [0016]      FIG. 7  includes exemplary views of a roller, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0017]      FIG. 8  is a schematic of an exemplary shaft support, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0018]      FIGS. 9A-9F  illustrate alternate rollers that incorporate a spring in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0019]    The embodiments described below relate to apparatus for supporting a workpiece during cleaning. In one embodiment, the apparatus may be used to support magnetic disks that store data. It should be appreciated that the embodiments are not limited to supporting magnetic disks, in that any semiconductor circuit device, flat panel display, or other substrate may be supported for cleaning by the embodiments described herein. The term workpiece as used herein may refer to any substrate being processed. In addition, the terms disk and disc are used interchangeably, and may also reference any such substrate or workpiece. In one embodiment, the support may be used to convey the work pieces during a scrubbing operation. For example, the support can be utilized for a cleaning operation with a spiral scrubbing operation and apparatus as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/862,170. The support acts as a carriage that allows the discs or workpieces to rotate about an axis with some compliancy and contemporaneously accommodates the linear movement of the workpieces. 
         [0020]      FIG. 1A  is an exemplary illustration of a support structure  100  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The support structure  100  includes frame  104   a  and frame  104   b  along with roller assemblies  102   a ,  102   b , and  102   c  disposed between opposing surfaces of frames  104   a  and  104   b . Removable fasteners can be used to secure the roller assemblies  102   a ,  102   b  and  103   c  between the opposing surfaces of frame  104   a  and  104   b . In one embodiment, the removable fasteners are machine screws while other embodiments employ other known types of fasteners. Roller assemblies  102   a  and  102   b  support a disc  106  vertically while roller assembly  102   c  supports the disk  106  horizontally. In some embodiments, a moveable fourth roller assembly (not shown) is used to hold the disc  102  in place during cleaning operations. The moveable fourth roller assembly can be secured to the frames  104   a  and  104   b  or be part of a separate assembly. 
         [0021]    While illustrated with a disc  106 , the roller assemblies are configured to accommodate multiple discs that are placed into the support structure  100  by an automated carrier moving between roller assembly  102   a  and roller assembly  102   b . The distance between roller assembly  102   a  and roller assembly  102   b  defines the width of a support nest (not shown). Features of the roller assembly  102   a  and  102   b  enable support nests that can accommodate large diameter discs while in other configurations enabling accommodation of smaller diameter discs. Note that the relative size of the support structure  100  shown in  FIG. 1  is not intended to be limiting. The support structure  100  can be modified in order to accommodate more or fewer discs. 
         [0022]      FIG. 1B  is a simplified schematic diagram illustrating a cleaning apparatus that the support structure  100  may be integrated with, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. The support structure  100  is configured to replace supports  110   a  and  110   b  in order to expose discs within the support structure  100  to be processed with brush apparatus  112 . In one embodiment, the apparatus  112  is a spiral scrubber that conditions the surface of the discs by removing residual particular matter. For additional information regarding the spiral scrubber, see U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/862,170, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
         [0023]    As the roller assembly  102  of the support structure  100  allows the discs to rotate, the entire surface of the discs can be exposed to the apparatus  112 . Additionally, the v-shape groove of the individual rollers encourages even spacing of the discs and minimizes contact with the disc. In other embodiments, the apparatus  112  is a cleaning apparatus with evenly spaced cleaning surfaces that are not in a spiral configuration. In one embodiment the cleaning apparatus is a brush with slits that enable the brush to scrub opposing surfaces of a disc or substrate. The rotation of apparatus  112  imparts linear forces so that the carriage or support structure translates along a length of the brush of the scrubbing apparatus. It should be noted, that the support structure can be moved into position onto a processing tool via a robot in order to minimize human contact and possible contamination points. 
         [0024]      FIG. 2  is a schematic diagram illustrating roller assemblies  102   a  and  102   b  along with disc  106  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The roller assembly  102   a  includes a carrier  200   a , a carrier  200   b , a shaft  202  and multiple rollers  204 . The carriers  200   a  and  200   b  include a shaft stop  206   a  and  206   b . The shaft stops  206   a  and  206   b  are located on the end of the respective carriers  200   a  and  200   b  and keep the shaft  202  from sliding out of the roller assembly  102 . In one embodiment the carriers  200   a  and  200   b  are formed based on a common design and mated together so the shaft stops  206   a  and  206   b  are on opposing ends of the roller assembly  102   a.    
         [0025]    In  FIG. 2 , a single support  300  is visible. However, multiple supports  300  are located between the carriers  200   a  and  200   b  in order to support the shaft  202  between the rollers  204 . An aperture of the support  300  is shown protruding from the carriers  200   a  and  200   b . Location of the support  300  within the carriers  200   a  and  200   b  defines the location of the aperture. In the embodiment illustrated, the aperture is a hole within the support  300  and the shaft  202  is threaded through the aperture. In other embodiments, the aperture can be a portion of a cutout such as a semi-circle so the shaft  202  rests on the support  300 . As will be discussed below, features formed on interior faces of the carriers  200   a  and  200   b  and features of the support  300  promote accurate placement of the supports  300  to minimize deflection of the shaft  202 . 
         [0026]      FIG. 3  is an exemplary illustration of the roller assembly  102   a  where carrier  200   a  has been made semi-transparent in order to show features within carriers  200   a  and  200   b , in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The carriers  200   a  and  200   b  include features on an inside face that accommodate multiple shaft supports  300 . Individual rollers  204  are supported and located on the shaft  202  between the shaft supports  300 . In one embodiment, the v-shape of the individual rollers  204  assists in maintaining the discs evenly spaced. Similarly, the v-shape of the individual rollers  204  prevents excessive lateral movement of the discs that can damage the surface of the discs. The shaft supports  300  constrain the movement of the rollers  204  and provide support for the shaft  202 . Shaft supports  300  prevent flexing of the shaft  202  and allow the diameter of the shaft  202  to be minimized. In one embodiment, the shaft material is a rigid material such as stainless steel. In other embodiments, alternate materials can be used such as titanium. The particular shaft materials examples provided are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting. 
         [0027]    By minimizing the diameter of the shaft  202 , rollers  204  can be of a smaller diameter. The user of smaller diameter rollers enables support nests that can accommodate smaller diameter discs while still allowing a cleaning apparatus, such as the spiral brush apparatus to access the surface of the discs. In one embodiment, rollers  204  are composed of a compliant material formed over a rigid sleeve that may slightly deform to conform to an edge of the discs. An exemplary material for the rollers is, but is not limited to urethane. 
         [0028]      FIGS. 4A through 4D  are an exemplary rendering of the carrier  200   b  with various numbers of shaft supports  300  and rollers  204  to illustrate various aspects of the interaction between parts, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. In  FIG. 4A , the carrier  200   a  has been removed leaving only carrier  200   b  along with supports  300 , rollers  204 , and the shaft  202 . Without carrier  200   a  and the associated shaft stop  206   a , one end of the shaft  202  is clearly visible. Additionally, support slots  400  are visible within the inside face  406  of the carrier  200   b . The support slots  400  accommodate the shaft supports  300  and can include a shaft support locator  402  or keying feature to accurately locate the shaft supports  300  within the support slot  400 . Similarly, the shaft supports  300  have a locator  404  or key feature that is aligned with the shaft support locator  402 . As the shaft  202  is supported by the shaft supports  300 , accurate location of the supports can assist in preventing flexing or undulations within the shaft  202 . 
         [0029]      FIG. 4B  is a representative illustration showing the removal of some rollers  204  in order to provide a view of the shaft supports  300  and the shaft  202  while installed in the carrier  200   b , in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Removal of some of the rollers reveals that the shaft supports  300  are anchored within the carrier  200   b  and help prevent lateral movement of the rollers  204  along the length of the shaft  202 . In one embodiment, the thickness of the supports  300  is minimized in order to maximize the width of the rollers. Maximizing the width of the rollers allows the discs to be spaced far enough apart so a process, such as scrubbing can be conducted on the surfaces of the discs. In various embodiments, the thickness of the supports  300  is within a range of about 0.005 to 0.02 inches. In one embodiment, the thickness of the supports  300  is 0.01 inches and the supports  300  are fabricated from stainless steel. The use of stainless steel for supports  300  should not be considered limiting as alternate materials for supports  300  can be used. 
         [0030]      FIG. 4C  is another representative illustration of the carrier  200   b  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 4C  illustrates the shaft  202  running through a roller  204  between two shaft supports  300  along with a roller  204  being supported by a single shaft support  300 . In this embodiment, the rollers are able to spin on the shaft while lateral movement is restricted by the shaft supports  300 . As will be discussed later, other embodiments of the rollers incorporate or include spring elements that enable the rollers  204  to center themselves between the shaft supports  300 .  FIG. 4C  also provides a view of the shaft support locators  402  that accommodate the support locator. 
         [0031]      FIG. 4D  illustrates still another schematic of various components being installed in the carrier  200   b , in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration shows the shaft  202  along with a portion of the carrier  200   b  without shaft supports  300 , a portion of the carrier  200   b  with shaft supports  300 , and a portion of the carrier  200   b  with both shaft supports  300  and rollers  204 . The rollers  204  are independently supported between the shaft supports  300  and can each rotate independently of another. Being able to rotate independently of the other allows the rollers  204  to accommodate variations of disc rotational speeds and movement within a set of multiple discs being processed. The use of individual rollers  204  also reduces potential damage to discs along with reducing roller wear and particle generation during an exemplary cleaning operation. Shaft supports  300  may be disposed between each roller  204  or periodically after some number of rollers. 
         [0032]      FIG. 5  is an exploded view of the roller assembly  102  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. This illustration provides a relative view of the carriers  200   a  and  200   b , along with the shaft  202 , rollers  204  and shaft supports  300 . In various embodiment, shaft  202  is composed of stainless steel and has a diameter within a range of about 1 mm to about 3 mm. In one particular embodiment, the shaft  202  has a diameter of about 2 mm. Stainless steel has been listed as an exemplary material for the shaft  202  because the material minimizes the potential to generate contaminates. The use of stainless steel as the shaft  202  material should not be construed as limiting as other materials that minimize contaminate generation can also be used. 
         [0033]      FIG. 6  is a schematic illustrating various views of the carriers  200   a  and  200   b  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 6  illustrates that the carrier  200   a  and  200   b  are formed from a common design with carrier  200   b  being positioned to mirror carrier  200   b . The support slots  400  along with the shaft support locators  402  can be seen formed on the inside face  406  of the carrier  200   a  and  200   b.    
         [0034]      FIG. 7  includes exemplary views of a roller  204 , in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The roller  204  is intended to be merely an example and should not be considered limiting. Other embodiments of rollers can include integrated ball bearings or replaceable bearings to reduce particle generation from friction between the roller and the shaft. Roller  204  is shaped as a v-shaped outer surface disposed around a slot accommodating the shaft. Triangular supports extend from a center region of the roller outward. 
         [0035]      FIG. 8  is a schematic of an exemplary shaft support  300 , in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, the support locator  404  is illustrated as having a lower extension member with a wider head disposed thereon. An aperture within the head portion is configured to receive a shaft therethrough. As previously discussed, the support locator  404  is matched with the carrier locator (not shown) in order to accurately locate the shaft support  300 . With the shaft supports  300  being accurately located and supported, a shaft with a minimal diameter can be used because deflection of the shaft from the supports is minimized. 
         [0036]      FIGS. 9A-9F  illustrate alternate rollers  604  that incorporate a spring  900  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. In  FIGS. 9A and 9B , the roller  604  accommodates a spring  900   a  while in  FIGS. 9C-9F  the roller  604   a  includes an integrated spring. In each embodiment, the spring centers the roller between supports (not shown). While both of the embodiments illustrated rely on coil springs, other embodiments can rely on different types of spring or even compliant materials such as, but not limited to compliant elastomerics. Additionally, movement of the disc can be accommodated by the springs so as to reduce uneven loading of the roller on the shaft. This can result in reduced particulate generation and reduced wear on the rollers. Furthermore, the potential for damaging the edges of discs can be reduced with the motion compliance afforded by the use of spring on the rollers. 
         [0037]    Although the foregoing invention has been described in some detail for purposes of clarity of understanding, it will be apparent that certain changes and modifications may be practiced within the scope of the appended claims. For example, in an alternative embodiment, the supports are insert molded into a one-piece component that has a single shaft stop added after the installation of the rollers and the shaft. 
         [0038]    Accordingly, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the invention is not to be limited to the details given herein, but may be modified within the scope and equivalents of the appended claims.