Abstract:
There is provided an automatic transaction apparatus having a receiver for receiving a plurality of types of transaction media (e.g. application form, identification) in accordance with transaction procedures from a user. When power failure is occurred while the transaction medium is in the receiver, and in case that the medium in the receiver is one that does not have to be returned to the user (e.g. application form), the receiver does not return the medium, in case that the medium in the receiver is one that have to be returned to the user (e.g. identification), the receiver provides opportunity for the user to get back the medium.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to an automatic transaction apparatus for a financial institution, such as a bank, for performing transactions automatically, including deposit and withdrawal of money and opening of accounts, and in particular to a backup function for the automatic transaction apparatus in case of power failure. 
     2. Related Arts 
     Automatic teller machines (ATM) are installed in finance institutions, such as banks, where they function as automatic transaction apparatuses for the automatic deposit and withdrawal of money. When a user inserts a bank card or a bankbook into the automatic teller machine, the machine communicates with a host computer along a communication line, and automatically receives cash from the user or pays out cash to the user. 
     Recently, the automatic teller machines having an additional account opening function has been widely introduced and these machines are now being used as automatic transaction apparatuses. The automatic transaction apparatus having the account opening function automatically performs predetermined account opening procedures upon receiving a request for the account opening from the user. 
     Generally, when opening an account a machine must perform a number of different jobs, including a receiving an application form for the account opening, identifying an applicant (an user) by an identification, such as a driver&#39;s license or a passport. Therefore, the automatic transaction apparatus having an account opening function includes an image reader, i.e., a so-called scanner, to automatically perform those jobs. The user sets the transaction media (the application form and the identification) on the scanner, and the scanner then scans them to obtain information concerning the contents of the transaction media. 
     A flat bed scanner, which is currently the most popular, can be expected to be used as the image reader. The flat bed scanner has a two-dimensional scanner face, and an attached top lid which the user must open in order to set the application form or the identification on the scanner face. To ensure clear images are obtained using such a scanner, the scanner face must be prevented from becoming dirty and from being scratched. And the automatic transaction apparatus must be secured, since one which is used by the public is often in danger of being touched or of being damaged on purpose. 
     For these reasons, a locking mechanism is provided for the lid, and the lid is normally maintained in a locked state in order to prevent unwanted contact with the scanner face. That is, the lid is unlocked only to set an identification on the scanner face, to remove the identification from the scanner face, and to set the application form on the scanner face. Since the identification must be returned to the user, the lid is unlocked after the identification has been scanned. However, since after the application form has been scanned it is fed into the automatic transaction apparatus, the lid is not unlocked after the application scanning process has been completed. Also, when the application form or the identification is set on the scanner and the lid is closed, the lid is immediately locked in order to prevent it from being opened by mistake during the scanning process. 
     When a power failure occurs while the automatic transaction apparatus is in performing an account opening operation, the following problem is encountered. Assume that the power failure occurs after an identification, which must be returned to the user, has been set on the scanner face and the lid has been locked. In this case, since the lid is maintained in the locked state, the user can not remove the identification until the power has been recovered. Since extremely secret or sensitive personal information is included on the identification, and the identification normally must be carried on the user&#39;s person, the user can not leave from the apparatus with setting the identification on the scanning face. And if there is some uncertainty about when the power will be recovered, the user has no choice but to remain at the apparatus for an extended period of time until power will recover because of the possibility that the identification may be stolen by a third party. In addition, in this case the user may try to open the lid and in the process destroy the scanner. 
     Therefore, an urgent requirement is that the lid of a scanner be unlocked when the power failure occurs while a transaction medium which must be returned to the user (e.g. identification) is set for scanning. However, when the power failure occurs while an application form for opening an account is set on the scanner, the lid need not be unlocked because that a transaction medium which does not have to be returned to the user (e.g. application form) is set for scanning. Thus, it is demanded an automatic transaction apparatus which can control the locking and the unlocking of the lid of a scanner in accordance with the type of the transaction media set on the scanner. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is, therefore, one objective of the present invention to provide an automatic transaction apparatus which can appropriately lock or unlock a lid in accordance with the type of the transaction medium set on a scanner when the power failure is happened. 
     To achieve the above objective, according to the present invention, it is provided an automatic transaction apparatus comprising: a receiver for receiving a plurality of types of transaction media in accordance with transaction procedures; a power failure detector for detecting a power failure; and a controller for determining whether the transaction medium is to be returned in accordance with the type of transaction medium which has been received by the receiver when the power failure is detected by the power failure detector, and for enabling the receiver to return the transaction medium in case that the transaction medium is to be returned. 
     For example, the receiver has a backup power source, and when the power failure is detected, the controller activates the backup power source to drive the receiver and return the transaction medium. 
     The receiver may includes a locking mechanism for normally locking the receiver and for unlocking the receiver during receiving and returning the transaction medium; and in case that a power failure is detected and the transaction medium received by the receiver is to be returned, the controller unlocks the locking mechanism in order to enable the receiver to return the transaction medium. At this time, the locking mechanism is unlocked by power received from the backup power source. 
     Therefore, when the receiver which has received predetermined transaction media is locked and the received transaction medium need not be returned to the user (e.g., an application form), the locked state of the receiver is maintained, even when a power failure occurs. In this manner, the unlocked state of the receiver is reduced to the minimum, and this helps to protect the apparatus and to prevent it from being intentionally damaged or destroyed. However, when the transaction medium set in the receiver is one that should be returned to the user (e.g., an identification), the backup power source internally provided for the receiver, is used to unlock the receiver, so that the transaction medium can be returned. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an automatic transaction apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the automatic transaction apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 3 is a top view of an image reader; 
     FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a solenoid locking mechanism; 
     FIG. 5 is a flowchart for the transaction processing performed when a new account is opened; 
     FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an arrangement for controlling the image reader when the power failure occurs; and 
     FIG. 7 is a signal timing chart for the individual components. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     The preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described. It should be noted, however, that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment. In this embodiment, it is described an automatic transaction apparatus including a function for depositing and withdrawing money and a function for opening an account as an example. 
     FIG. 1 is a schematic, perspective view of an automatic transaction apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the automatic transaction apparatus in FIG.  1 . While referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, an explanation will now be given for a case where the user deposits or withdraws cash by using the automatic transaction apparatus. The user manipulates an operating unit  2 , whereon number keys, etc., are provided, in accordance with predetermined instructions displayed on the screen of a monitor  1  in FIG. 1, and selects either the deposit or the withdrawal of cash. The transaction procedures for depositing cash, for withdrawing cash, and for opening a new account, which will be described later, are stored as programs in the memory of a controller  10  in FIG. 2, and the CPU of the controller  10  executes a corresponding program when performing these procedures. 
     To begin a transaction, the user inserts his or her bankbook or bank card into either a bankbook slot  3  or a card slot  4 . The automatic transaction apparatus then employs an internally provided magnetic strip reading unit  11  (see FIG. 2) to read information, such as the account number of the user, from the magnetic strip attached to the bankbook or to the bank card. When a cash deposit is being made, the user places the cash in a cash port  5 , and thereafter a cash handling unit  12  (see FIG. 2) inside the automatic transaction apparatus secures and counts the cash. The controller  10 , which communicates on-line with a host computer, then transmits to the host computer information concerning the transaction, including the account number of the user and the amount of cash which was received, and initiates the internal process which is performed for a cash deposit. When the bankbook has been inserted, after the process has been completed the amount of the deposit is recorded in the bankbook by a bankbook entering unit  13 , and the bankbook is returned to the user via the bankbook slot  3 . When a bank card has been inserted, a receipt issuing unit  14  prepares a transaction receipt which is discharged through a receipt port  6 , and the bank card is returned to the user via the card slot  4 . 
     To withdraw cash, the user inserts either the bankbook or the bank card, and uses the operating unit  2  to enter an identification number and the amount of money to be withdrawn. As is described above, the controller  10  (see FIG. 2) communicates on-line with the host computer, to which it transmits information, including the account number of the user and the amount of money to be withdrawn, and initiates the process which is performed for a cash withdrawal. The cash handling unit  12  then extracts from a cash storage unit in the automatic transaction apparatus an amount in cash equivalent to the amount of the requested withdrawal, and discharges the cash through the cash port  5 . The user receives the cash and also the bankbook or a receipt and the bank card. 
     The transaction process for opening a new account will now be described. As is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the automatic transaction apparatus in this embodiment includes an image reader (scanner)  15  which is used when executing the account opening process. 
     FIG. 3 is a partial top view of the image reader  15 . The image reader  15  is a so-called flatbed scanner. The user opens a lid  151 , sets predetermined transaction media (papers, card, etc), which will be described later, on a scanner face  152 , and closes the lid  151 . A solenoid locking mechanism, which includes lock levers  153  and  154  and a solenoid  155 , is provided for the lid  151 , as will be described later in detail, and normally locks the lid  151  to prevent it from being opened unnecessarily. The lid  151  is unlocked when it is necessary for a specific medium to be set on the scanner face  152  during the account opening process, which will be described later, or when the user should remove the medium from the scanner face  152 . 
     FIG. 4, a top view of the solenoid locking mechanism in the unlocked state, is used for explaining the operation of the solenoid locking mechanism. In FIG. 4, a solenoid  155  is provided with a permanent magnet and is a self-maintaining solenoid which can maintain its current state at the time the supply of a current is stopped. When a current which flows in a predetermined direction is supplied to the solenoid  155 , a linking member  156 , which is connected to the lock lever  153 , is attracted by the solenoid  155  in direction A. Then, the lock lever  153  moves in direction a, and the lock lever  154  also moves in direction a via another linking member  157 , which is connected to the linking member  156 . Thus, engagement portions (not shown), which are provided for a frame  158  on the side of the image reader, are engaged with the lock levers  153  and  154 , and a locked state is provided wherein the lid  151  can not be opened. Then, when a current flowing in the direction opposite that of the predetermined direction is supplied to the solenoid  155 , the polarity of the solenoid  155  is inverted, and the solenoid  155  drives the linking members  156  and  157  in direction B. Accordingly, the lock levers  153  and  154  move in direction b, and are disengaged from the frame  158 , providing the unlocked state. As is described above, since the solenoid  155  is a self-maintained type, the supply of a current to the solenoid  155  is stopped once the polarity of the solenoid  155  has been changed. The supply of a current to the solenoid  155 , and the direction of the current which must be supplied in order to change the polarity of the solenoid  155  are controlled by the controller  10  in accordance with the progress of the transaction procedures. 
     FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the transaction process performed when a new account is opened. In FIG. 5, when the user desires to open a new account, he or she manipulates the operating panel  2  and selects an account opening transaction displayed on the first selection screen of the monitor  1  (step S 1 ). 
     When the account opening transaction is selected, the lid  151  of the image reader  15  is unlocked (step S 2 ). The user then opens the lid  151  of the image reader  15 , and set his or her identification on the scanner face  152  of the image reader  15  (step S 3 ). After the user has set the identification and closed the lid  151 , the solenoid locking mechanism of the lid  151  is activated and locks the lid  151  (step S 4 ). Then, the image reading (scanning) process is performed (step S 5 ). After the identification has been scanned, the solenoid locking mechanism releases the lid  151  from the locked state (step S 6 ), and the user opens the lid  151  and removes the identification (step S 7 ). When the identification is removed and the lid  151  is closed again, the lid  151  continues to be maintained in the unlocked state. 
     Following this, an application form issuing unit  16  (see FIG. 2) in the automatic transaction apparatus prints an account opening application form and discharges it through an application form port  7  (see FIG.  1 ). On the application form, the user writes required information, such as his or her name and address (step S 8  ). When the user has finished filling out the application form, he or she opens the lid  151  of the image reader  15 , and sets the application form on the scanner face  152  (step S 9 ). Then after the lid  151  has been closed, it is locked by the solenoid locking mechanism (step S 10 ) and the application form is scanned (step S 11 ). After the scanning, the application form is fed into the automatic transaction apparatus by feeding rollers  159  provided for the image reader  15  (step S 12 ). Under the control of the controller  10 , the bankbook issuing unit  17  and the card issuing unit  18  create a bankbook and a bank card, and discharge them through the bankbook slot  3  and the card slot  4  (step S 13 ). After the user has received the bankbook and the bank card, the transaction is terminated. 
     As is described above, after the user has set his or her identification or the application form on the scanner face  152 , during scanning a transaction medium (the identification, the application form, etc.), the lid  151  of the image reader  15  is kept locked. It is for preventing the lid  151  from being opened by mistake during the scanning, so that a normal scanning process can be performed. 
     Assume that the power failure occurs while the lid  151  is locked and the scanning is being performed. In this case, the identification or the application form can not be removed from the apparatus. As is described above, while the application form need not be returned to the user, the identification must be returned, regardless of how long it takes to recover from the power failure. The characteristic operation performed by the image reader  15  in this embodiment upon the occurrence of the power failure will now be described while referring to FIGS. 6 and 7. 
     FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an arrangement for the electrical control of the image reader  15 , and FIG. 7 is a signal timing chart for the individual components shown in FIG.  6 . In FIG. 6, provided for the image reader  15  is a backup power source  20  constituted by, for example, a large capacitor. The discharge by the backup power source  20  of a current which is supplied to the solenoid locking mechanism  21  is triggered by its receipt of a drive signal from a control logic circuit  25 . 
     In normal operation, the solenoid locking mechanism  21  receives a current from a power source (not shown), and locks or unlocks the lid  151  in accordance with control signals from the controller  10 . A CPU  100  in the controller  10  sets the image reader  15  to the unlocked state at step S 2  of the flowchart in FIG.  5 . 
     When the lid  151  is unlocked and is opened by the user, its state is detected by a lid state detector  22 , a circuit for detecting the open/closed state of the lid  151 . When the lid  151  is closed, the lid state detector  22  is rendered conductive, and it transmits a lid closed signal to the CPU  100 . When the lid  151  is opened, the lid state detector  22  is not rendered conductive, and does not transmit a signal. As is shown in FIG. 7A, therefore, when the transmission of the lid closed signal from the lid state detector  22  is temporarily stopped and then is restarted, from this the CPU  100  ascertains that an identification have been set by opening the lid  151 , and that the lid  151  has been closed. The CPU  100  then locks the lid  151  and activates the image reader  15 . At this time, as is shown in FIG. 7B, the CPU  100  transmits a pulse signal P 1  to a latch circuit  23 . Upon receiving the pulse signal P 1 , the latch circuit  23  changes an output signal level from level L to level H, and maintains that output level until the next pulse signal P 2  is received. Therefore, as is shown in FIG. 7C, upon receiving the pulse signal P 1 , which the CPU  100  outputs at the same time as it locks the lid  151 , the output level of the latch circuit  23  is changed to level H. When the scanning has been completed, the CPU  100  unlocks the lid  151 , and also transmits a pulse signal P 2  to the latch circuit  23 . The output signal level of the latch circuit  23  is then returned to level L. The state of the latch circuit  23  is stored in the memory  101 , and is maintained so that the latch circuit  23  is changed to level L when the account opening process is started. The state of the lid  151  is also stored in the memory  101 . 
     A output signal from the latch circuit  23  is transmitted to a control logical circuit  25 . The control logical circuit  25  also receives a monitor signal from a power voltage monitoring circuit  24 . As is shown in FIG. 7D, the power voltage monitoring circuit  25  compares the power voltage with a predetermined reference voltage Vref. When the power voltage is brought lower than the reference voltage Vref due to the occurrence of the power failure, the monitor signal is changed from level L to level H, as is shown in FIG.  7 E. When both the signal from the latch circuit  23  and the monitor signal from the power voltage monitoring signal  24  are changed to level H, as is shown in FIG. 7F, the control logical circuit  25  outputs a conductive signal at level H based on the logical product (AND) of the two signals, so that the backup power source  20  and the solenoid locking mechanism  21  are rendered conductive. Then, a current is supplied to the solenoid locking mechanism  21 . The backup power source  20  is so set in advance that the current is supplied in the direction in which the solenoid locking mechanism  21  is unlocked. Thus, the locked state is changed to the unlocked state. 
     In the process at step S 9  in FIG. 5, whereat an application form is set on the scanner face  152 , the CPU  100  ascertains that the transmission of the lid closed signal from the lid state detector  22  has been stopped and restarted, and the lid  151  is locked. However, at this time, the CPU  100  does not transmit to the latch circuit  23  the pulse signal P 1  shown in FIG.  7 B. Therefore, the output signal from the latch circuit  23  in FIG. 7C is maintained at level L. And even when, upon the occurrence of the power failure, the monitor signal at level H is transmitted by the power voltage monitoring circuit  24  to the control logical circuit  25 , the control logical circuit  25  does not output a conductive signal at level H based on the logical product (AND) of the two signals (see the broken line in FIG.  7 F). Thus, even when the power failure occurs while the application form is being scanned, the backup power source  20  is not activated and the locked state is maintained. 
     As is described above, since the application form need not be returned to the user, the locked state is maintained even when the power failure occurs during the scanning of the application form. Therefore, the unlocked state of the lid of the image reader can be reduced to the minimum, so that it will be protected from being damaged or destroyed. The backup power source  20  is activated only when the power failure occurs during scanning the medium which must be returned to the user, and the lid  151  must be unlocked so that the medium can be returned. 
     Therefore, it is possible to increase the security of the image reader, and accordingly the security of the automatic transaction apparatus, without the user being accidentally inconvenienced when the power failure occurs. 
     In the automatic transaction apparatus in this embodiment, the controller  10  notifies the image reader  15  in advance of a current condition (a locked state when an identification is located in the image reader) for which a backup operation could be required (the current condition is stored in the latch circuit by using pulse signal P 1  from the CPU  100 ). Therefore, a backup device is not required for the automatic transaction apparatus, and even when the controller  10  is disabled due to the power failure, a required backup operation can be performed. 
     The transaction medium which must be set on the scanner face are not limited to an application form and an identification; during the account opening process other medium may be required to be submitted. And the transactions which may be executed by the automatic transaction apparatus are not limited to account transactions. For other transactions, the automatic transaction apparatus will request the transaction media which are required, and in accordance with whether a requested media must be returned to the user, will perform the above operation when the power failure occurs. 
     The apparatus to be used to receive the transaction media from the user is not limited to the image reader in this embodiment; any apparatus can be employed so long as it can receive predetermined transaction media from the user and so long as it includes a locking mechanism. 
     As is described above, according to the present invention, when the power failure occurs while an receiver (image reader) which has received the predetermined media is locked, and in case that the medium in the receiver is one that does not have to be returned to the user (e.g., an application form), the receiver is maintained in the locked state. Therefore, the unlocked state of the receiver can be reduced to the minimum in order to prevent it from being damaged or destroyed. 
     In case that the medium in the receiver is one that have to be returned to the user (e.g., an identification), the backup power source provided for the receiver is activated to unlock the receiver, so that the medium can be returned. 
     Therefore, it is easy to ensure the security of the receiver, and of the automatic transaction apparatus, without the user being accidentally inconvenienced when the power failure occurs. 
     The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiment is therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by foregoing description and all change which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.