Abstract:
A system for conversion of ocean waves into usable mechanical energy includes at least one weight configured for movement along a linear path having a determined length where an orientation of an angle of the linear path with respect to gravitational forces is varied by forces of the ocean waves in a manner to cause the at least one weight to travel along the linear path due to the gravitational forces. At least one linkage translates the travel into the usable mechanical energy. The travel is in two directions and the at least one linkage translates the travel in the two directions into the usable mechanical energy. The at least one weight may include a water tank filled with water for operation of the system and may be emptied for transportation of the system. The usable mechanical energy can be used to operate an electric generator to produce electricity.

Description:
FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
       [0001]    Not applicable. 
       REFERENCE TO SEQUENCE LISTING, A TABLE, OR A COMPUTER LISTING APPENDIX 
       [0002]    Not applicable. 
       COPYRIGHT NOTICE 
       [0003]    A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material that is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or patent disclosure as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office, patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever. 
       FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0004]    The present invention relates generally to wave motors. More particularly, the invention relates to a motor that uses the linear movement of a weight to convert random ocean waves into usable mechanical energy. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0005]    The vast majority of currently known wave motors or ocean energy generators fit into three categories: turbine, float and hydraulic. Turbine wave motor designs use the flow of water through a turbine to power a generator. Float wave motor designs use a float moving up and down with waves and tides to create hydraulic pressure or mechanical movement. In a prior art float generator, a generator coil reciprocates linearly in response to an external force acting on a float by passing ocean swells. A cable connects the float on the ocean surface with the reciprocating coil of the submerged generator. A magnetic field is focused through the coil as it reciprocates, creating an electromotive force in the coil. The generator includes a base formed on the ocean floor supporting a magnetic core having a generator coil movably mounted therein and connected to the float with a cable passing through cable alignment bearings. 
         [0006]    The ocean is a very rough environment that can easily destroy turbines, floats and fixed power plants. The currently known wave motors previously described are in direct contact with water from the ocean and are therefore exposed to the elements of the ocean. A wave motor using means other than the direct force of or direct contact with ocean waves would be more protected from these elements. 
         [0007]    In a prior art motor not using the direct force of or direct contact with ocean waves, electrical generators are operatively connected to rotating shafts for producing electrical energy from the mechanical rotative energy of the shafts as the tank tilts from side to side with the wave motion. Each gravity wheel in the motor is equipped with a ratchet-like lock that prevents backward motion. However, this motor only works in one direction and requires a purpose built housing, and therefore, cannot be placed in any existing floating structure. 
         [0008]    In view of the foregoing, there is a need for improved techniques for providing means for converting ocean waves into mechanical energy that does not have direct contact with ocean waves and can easily be placed in existing floating structures. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0009]    The present invention is illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and in which: 
           [0010]      FIG. 1  illustrates an exemplary gravity wave motor with a single generator using a belt drive type drive assembly, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0011]      FIG. 2  illustrates an exemplary small portable wave generator, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0012]      FIG. 3  illustrates an exemplary floating electrical plant, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0013]      FIG. 4  illustrates an exemplary gravity wave motor using a rocker arm type drive assembly; 
           [0014]      FIG. 5  illustrates an exemplary wave motor  500 , in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 
       
    
    
       [0015]    Unless otherwise indicated illustrations in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0016]    To achieve the forgoing and other objects and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, system for conversion of ocean waves into usable mechanical energy is presented. 
         [0017]    In one embodiment, a system for conversion of ocean waves into usable mechanical energy is presented. The system includes at least one weight configured for movement along a linear path having a determined length where an orientation of an angle of the linear path with respect to gravitational forces is varied by forces of the ocean waves in a manner to cause the at least one weight to travel along the linear path due to the gravitational forces. At least one linkage translates the travel into the usable mechanical energy. In another embodiment the travel is in two directions and the at least one linkage translates the travel in the two directions into the usable mechanical energy. In another embodiment the at least one weight includes a water tank filled with water for operation of the system and may be emptied for transportation of the system. Other embodiments further include an electric generator where the usable mechanical energy is used to operate the electric generator to produce electricity and a gearbox for converting a high torque of the usable mechanical energy into a high speed lower torque for operating the electric generator. Still another embodiment further includes a flywheel joined to the electric generator for generating momentum from the usable mechanical energy to operate the electric generator. Yet other embodiments further include a housing for protecting components of the system from a water environment and the housing is configurable for installation in or on a floating platform. In another embodiment the determined length is at least in part determined by an anticipated frequency and height of the ocean waves. Another embodiment further includes bumpers at proximate ends of the linear path. Still another embodiment further includes a structure for joining at least the water tank and the electric generator where the at least one weight includes the structure. Yet another embodiment further includes at least a first wheel and a second wheel upon which the structure travels the linear path, a first linkage joined to the first wheel for translating the travel into usable mechanical energy when the structure travels in a first direction and a second linkage joined to the second wheel for translating the travel into usable mechanical energy when the structure travels in a second direction. Still another embodiment further includes a first electrical generator for generating electricity from the usable mechanical energy during travel in a first direction and a second electrical generator for generating electricity from the usable mechanical energy during travel in a second direction. In yet another embodiment the at least one linkage includes a pump producing a pressure and the pressure operates the electric generator. 
         [0018]    In another embodiment a system for conversion of ocean waves into usable mechanical energy is presented. The system includes means for configuring at least one weight for traveling along a linear path in response to forces of the ocean waves and means for translating the traveling into the usable mechanical energy. Another embodiment further includes means for generating electricity from the usable mechanical energy. Yet another embodiment further includes means for protecting components of the system. 
         [0019]    In another embodiment a method for conversion of ocean waves into usable mechanical energy is presented. The method includes the step of configuring at least one weight for movement along a linear path having a determined length where an orientation of an angle of the linear path with respect to gravitational forces is varied by forces of the ocean waves in a manner to cause the at least one weight to travel along the linear path due to the gravitational forces wherein the travel is in two directions. The method further includes the step of translating the travel in the two directions into the usable mechanical energy. Another embodiment further includes the step of using the usable mechanical energy to produce electricity. Yet another embodiment further includes the step of protecting components from a water environment. 
         [0020]    Other features, advantages, and object of the present invention will become more apparent and be more readily understood from the following detailed description, which should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0021]    The present invention is best understood by reference to the detailed figures and description set forth herein. 
         [0022]    Embodiments of the invention are discussed below with reference to the Figures. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the detailed description given herein with respect to these figures is for explanatory purposes as the invention extends beyond these limited embodiments. For example, it should be appreciated that those skilled in the art will, in light of the teachings of the present invention, recognize a multiplicity of alternate and suitable approaches, depending upon the needs of the particular application, to implement the functionality of any given detail described herein, beyond the particular implementation choices in the following embodiments described and shown. That is, there are numerous modifications and variations of the invention that are too numerous to be listed but that all fit within the scope of the invention. Also, singular words should be read as plural and vice versa and masculine as feminine and vice versa, where appropriate, and alternative embodiments do not necessarily imply that the two are mutually exclusive. 
         [0023]    The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. 
         [0024]    Preferred embodiments of the present invention provide wave motor systems that use the linear back and forth movement of a weight such as, but not limited to, a water tank or similar heavy weight, by ocean waves to convert the random ocean waves into usable mechanical or kinetic energy rather than using waves or tides to raise a float or rotate a turbine as in many prior art methods. For example, without limitation, the weights in preferred embodiments move in the direction of gravity and the power generated is determined by the amount of weight vs. the height of the seas. Preferred embodiments generally have no direct contact with ocean water and are therefore better protected from the elements than prior art wave motors. 
         [0025]    Since the force of the ocean is great enough to toss boats and ships weighing several tons each up and down like toys, preferred embodiments of the present invention harvest energy produced by the movement of weight because this movement of weight and therefore the available energy can be astounding. Preferred embodiments use the weight of water to harvest energy from the weight and force of water in a wave. This method is far cheaper, more powerful and more effective than currently known forms of alternative clean energy. Preferred embodiments also comprise a mechanical and/or hydraulic power train design that can produce power when moving back and forth in response to the rise and fall of ocean waves. 
         [0026]    Preferred embodiments of the present invention use the rise and fall of ocean waves to move a weight, resulting in a linear back and forth movement that can be used to create usable mechanical energy. This energy may be calculated as follows: 
         [0000]    
       
      
       PE=W×D,  
      
     
         [0027]    where: 
         [0028]    PE=the total potential energy of the object in ft-lb, 
         [0029]    W=the total weight of the object in pounds, and 
         [0030]    D=distance between the earth and the object in feet. 
         [0031]    Mechanical kinetic energy is also measured in ft-lb. The amount of kinetic energy present at any one time is directly related to the velocity of the moving object and to the weight of the moving object. 
         [0032]      FIG. 1  illustrates an exemplary gravity wave motor  100  with a single generator  102 , in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, wave motor  100  is on a platform  103  with wheels  105  that enable wave motor  100  to roll forward and backward. In alternate embodiments, the linear movement of the wave motor can be achieved using various different means including, but not limited to, bearings or a track. In the present embodiment, the use of linearly moving platform  103  provides a relatively simple drive train and mechanics while also adding to the potential power of wave motor  100  since placing wave motor  100  on wheels  105  enables the entire weight of wave motor  100  including, but not limited to, the weight of generator  102  to become part of the power source for generator  102 . A weight  106  increases the torque applied to a drive shaft  107 . Wheels  105  and platform  103  may also be weighted to further increase the torque applied to drive shaft  107 . In the present embodiment, wheels  105  are connected to pulleys  109  and  111  that are on ratchets. Pulleys  109  are on clockwise ratchets, and pulleys  111  are on counterclockwise ratchets. Pulleys  109  and  111  are then connected to a crankshaft  113 , which is connected to drive shaft  107  and generator  102 . Depending on various factors such as, but not limited to, the type of generator and the intended application, the electricity generated by wave motor  100  may be AC or DC. In alternate embodiments, the mechanical energy can be used for purposes other than generating electricity such as, but not limited to, producing compressed air, performing mechanical work, etc. 
         [0033]    In typical use of the present embodiment, fluctuations in the surface of the ocean cause wave motor  100  to roll back and forth in a linear motion. In an alternate embodiment, the weight may move like a pendulum, swinging back and forth. In another alternative embodiment the weight rolls or slides around a fixed point rather than linearly. In the present embodiment, as wave motor  100  rolls back and forth, wheels  105  apply power to a highly geared gearbox  115 , which multiplies the high torque of wheels  105  into high-speed, lower torque energy, converting the linear movement of wave motor  100  to mechanical rotational power to drive electrical generator  102 . The ratchets on pulleys  109  and  111  enable wheels  105  to apply power to gearbox  115  when travelling in both a forward and backward direction. The gearing is similar to a bicycle whose pedals rotate freely backwards but will apply power when “pedaled” in a forward direction. By using this approach and using alternately placed “powered” ie. “pedaled” wheels, the alternate wheels roll freely in one direction and apply power in the other. Therefore, wheels  105  connected to pulleys  109  power generator  102  in one direction while wheels  105  connected to pulleys  111  power generator  102  when moving in the other direction. In alternate embodiments, applying power in both directions may be accomplished by using two generators on a platform that rolls back and forth with the rise and fall of ocean waves. In the present embodiment, a flywheel  117  provides momentum and helps to maintain the rotational speed of drive shaft  107  between waves, and this rotational energy powers electrical generator  102 . In alternate embodiments the drive train may comprise various components including, but not limited to, a series of pulleys, a gearbox, chains and sprockets, gears, or a generator capable of producing electricity when rotated in either direction, etc. Furthermore, the main drive in alternate embodiments, may use various different drive means such as, but not limited to, a locomotive rocker arm, a rocker arm, a drive wheel, a hydraulic piston, etc. 
         [0034]    Those skilled in the art, in light of the present teachings, will readily recognize that weight  106  may be any kind of weight imaginable such as, but not limited to, concrete blocks, rocks, water, steel, etc. However, it is preferable that weight  106  is a tank of freely available sea water, as this enables a user to fill or weight the tank after wave motor  100  is in place. This generally reduces the potential cost of the wave motor and provides for easier deployment of wave motor  100 . 
         [0035]    Wave motors according to embodiments of the present invention may vary greatly in size; for example, without limitation, some embodiments may be small and portable while other embodiments may be the size of power plants. Furthermore, weights and generators in embodiments of the present invention can be used in series along a coastline for large energy needs or individually for smaller needs. However the embodiments of the present invention may be used anywhere there are waves whether deployed for a coastal application or perhaps to provide energy for offshore needs as in the case of an embodiment installed on a sea going vessel. 
         [0036]      FIG. 2  illustrates an exemplary small portable wave generator  200 , in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Wave generator  200  may be used to power boat lights, power a small electric boat motor, recharge marine batteries, etc. In the present embodiment, a waterproof box  203  protects wave generator  200  from the elements permitting wave generator  200  to be left in an open boat while anchored in the bay. 
         [0037]    A rolling weight  205  applies rotational power to a gearbox  210 , a DC generator  208  and a regulator  206 . As the DC generator  208  on wheels  212  and the rolling weight  205  joined by frame  211  roll back and forth inside the box  203  in response to the rise and fall of ocean waves, the waves cause the DC generator  208  on wheels  213  and the rolling weight  205  to roll back and forth between the bumper guards  202 . The bumper guards help to prevent damage to the waterproof container  203  and the generator  208 . The rolling weight  205  creates rotation power which is applied to DC generator  208  by the drive belt  212  and the gearbox  210 . The ceaseless rocking of the boat moves weight  205  back and forth. This motion is converted to rotational energy by pulley in gearbox  210  to turn generator  208  to generate electricity. The regulator  206  regulates the voltage output of generator  208 . This electricity may then be used for various purposes including, but not limited to, charging a marine battery  209  or powering a device plugged into a 12V outlet  201 . In the present embodiment, wave generator  200  also comprises handles  204  for ease of portability; however, alternate embodiments may not comprise handles. 
         [0038]      FIG. 3  illustrates an exemplary floating electrical plant  300 , in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, platform  306 , supporting a large water tank  303  is on wheels  305 . As the platform  306  rolls back and forth, in response to sea waves, the wheels  305  provide the rotational energy needed to spin the drive gears. The high torque but low speed of the drive gears is converted to higher speed rotational energy by gearboxes  309  needed to power generators  311  to generate electricity. Flywheels (not shown) help to maintain shaft speed between waves. The present embodiment comprises two drives. The two drives work in reverse of each other, generating electricity whether water tank  303  is moving forward or backward. Water tank  303  offers an economical and ecological solution for weight to power the drive gears. For convenience of installation, water tank  303  can be filled with seawater once floating electrical plant  300  is anchored in position or as needed. In a non-limiting example, if a wave motor is installed on a boat, the water tank may be emptied while the boat is being driven and then refilled again when the boat is anchored. The empty water tank would require less power for the boat to reach its destination because it would be carrying less weight. A simple water pump may be used to fill or empty the tank as desired using sea water which has no cost and is convenient to use. However, in alternate embodiments, any heavily weighted platform on wheels, bearings or a track may be used as a weight. 
         [0039]    In the present embodiment, electrical plant  300  is anchored close to shore with an anchor line  312 . Electrical plant  300  is completely enclosed and water tight protecting the motor and generators  311  from the elements. As the frame  306  rolls back and forth on the drive wheels  305  in response to the rise and fall of the sea waves, the track wheels  308  prevent the frame  306  and the parts it contains from bouncing or otherwise moving in manner that could damage the hull  304 . Bumper guards  307  help to control the back and forth movements of the rolling frame  306 . In alternate embodiments, a variety of movement control mechanisms can be used to control the up and down, forward and back forces on the weighted tank  303 . These control mechanisms include but are not limited to automatic braking, springs, hydraulic shock absorbers etc. The purpose of the control system is to ensure a smooth and controlled movement of weight in response to the powerful rise and fall of sea waves rather than a potentially violent or uncontrolled response that could damage the system. An electrical cable  313  also known as a submarine cable carries power from electrical plant  300  to the shore. The motor can power both AC and DC generators. In an alternate embodiment, batteries could also be charged on-board a vessel and then delivered to shore, eliminating the need for a submarine cable  313 . Floating electrical plant  300  may be quite wide. Unlike a boat typically narrow and built for low resistance to glide easily on the water, the wave motor hull  304  is built for the purpose of rocking up and down easily in response to waves. The hull  304  is also designed to withstand rough seas and is reinforced beneath the drive wheels  305  to provide adequate support for the weighted tank  303  and the entire frame  306 . The bulkheads  310  serve to increase the structural rigidity of the vessel, divide functional areas, and create watertight compartments that can maintain buoyancy in the case of a hull breach or other leak. The Service hatch  302  allows easy access into the hull for service and maintenance. The LED beacon  301  uses little power and is powered by an on-board battery charged by the generators. In the present embodiment the wave motor is installed inside hull  304 . Alternative embodiments of the present invention can be installed in or on any suitable floating platform such as, but not limited to, a boat, a barge, a box or buoy for instance. This additional flexibility further reduces the cost and improves the convenience of the present embodiment. The frequency and height of the waves can help to determine the best length of the hull in any given location. 
         [0040]      FIG. 4  illustrates an exemplary gravity wave motor using a rocker arm type drive assembly. In the present embodiment, wave motor  400  may be anchored, tethered to a floating platform or towed by a boat or ship. Wave motor  400  is completely enclosed within watertight hull  407 . Wave  401  causes the hull  407  to rock up and down and the weight  404  to move back and forth along a linear track  405  between bumper guards  406 . The back and forth movement of the weight  404  causes rocker arm  403  to rotate drive gear  402  which in turn rotates the flywheel  408  powering the generator  410  through gearbox  409 . In alternative embodiments, wave motor  400  may be placed on a boat or ship or floating platform. 
         [0041]      FIG. 5  illustrates an exemplary wave motor  500 , in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, wave motor  500  may be placed on a boat or ship or floating platform. As the weight  501  rolls back and forth on track wheels  502  in response to the rocking of the boat, the track wheels  502  control the movement of the weight within frame  503 . The weight  501  can be a tank filled with water that can be filled and emptied as desired. As the weight  501  rolls back and forth it provides power to pumps  504  (either hydraulic or air pressure pumps) which in turn increase pressure in the pressure tank  505 . The pressurized air or hydraulic fluid is carried through pressure hose  507  to provide power to generator  508 . Pressure valve  506  acts as a safety valve to release pressure if and when necessary. 
         [0042]    Having fully described at least one embodiment of the present invention, other equivalent or alternative methods of converting the linear motion of a weight moved by random waves into usable mechanical energy according to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The invention has been described above by way of illustration, and the specific embodiments disclosed are not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed. For example, the particular implementation of the motor may vary depending upon the particular type of body of water in which the motor is used. The motors described in the foregoing were directed to implementations to be used in the ocean; however, similar techniques are to use wave motors in various different bodies of water such as, but not limited to, lakes, seas, ponds, rivers, etc. Implementations of the present invention for use in non-ocean settings are contemplated as within the scope of the present invention. The invention is thus to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the following claims.