Abstract:
A semiconductor structure includes a substrate having thereon a conductive region, at least one cylinder-shaped container on the conductive region, and a supporting structure having at least two stripe shaped portions arranged in parallel to each other and at least one retaining ring between the two stripe shaped portions. The retaining ring retains and structurally supports the cylinder-shaped container electrode.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0002]    The present invention relates generally to a semiconductor structure. More specifically, the present invention relates to a capacitor or a cylinder-shaped storage node of a capacitor with a single-layer supporting structure. A self-aligned method for forming such single-layer supporting structure is also disclosed. 
         [0003]    2. Description of the Prior Art 
         [0004]    As the level of integration continues to increase in integrated circuitry, electronic components are formed to increasing the smaller dimensions. One type of component utilized in integrated circuitry is a capacitor. It is well known that capacitors may serve as charge storage elements of dynamic random access memory (DRAM) devices. 
         [0005]    Capacitors are becoming increasingly tall and thin in an effort to reduce the footprint of individual capacitors, and thereby conserve semiconductor real estate. Current capacitor dimensions are approaching the limits attainable by conventional processing, and it is desired to develop new processing so that capacitors may be scaled to increasingly thinner dimensions. 
         [0006]    A common capacitor construction is a so-called container-shaped storage node device. The container-shaped storage nodes are first formed within densely-packed, high-aspect-ratio holes etched into a template or support structure. After removing the template layer, a dielectric material and a capacitor cell plate are formed on the container. Unfortunately, high aspect-ratio container-shaped storage nodes are structurally weak, and subject to toppling, twisting and/or breaking from an underlying base. 
         [0007]    To avoid toppling of high aspect-ratio container-shaped storage node, a lattice-type supporting structure has been developed. However, the prior art has several drawbacks. For example, an extra photomask or lithographic step is typically required to open the support lattice nitride layer for formation of double side DRAM capacitors. Besides, the misalignment or lithographic overlay shift becomes a major problem as the critical dimension continues to shrink. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0008]    It is one objective to provide an improved cylinder-shaped storage node of a capacitor with a single-layer supporting structure in order to solve the above-mentioned prior art problems and shortcomings. 
         [0009]    According to one aspect of the invention, a semiconductor structure includes a substrate having thereon at least one conductive region; a plurality of cylinder-shaped container electrodes disposed on the substrate, wherein each of the cylinder-shaped container electrodes has a horizontal portion that is in direct contact with the at least one conductive region and a vertical sidewall portion connecting the horizontal portion; and a supporting structure comprising a plurality of stripe shaped portions arranged in parallel to one another and a plurality of retaining rings between two adjacent stripes of the plurality of stripe shaped portions, wherein each of the plurality of retaining rings retains each of the plurality of cylinder-shaped container electrodes, wherein the plurality of stripe shaped portions and the plurality of retaining rings are situated in the same horizontal plane. 
         [0010]    According to one embodiment of the invention, the plurality of cylinder-shaped container electrodes are arranged in rows, and wherein each row of the cylinder-shaped container electrodes is clamped and sandwiched by two adjacent stripes of the plurality of stripe shaped portions. 
         [0011]    According to one embodiment of the invention, the plurality of stripe shaped portions and the plurality of retaining rings are made from one single homogenous material layer. 
         [0012]    These and other objectives of the present invention will no doubt become obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment that is illustrated in the various figures and drawings. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0013]    The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments, and are incorporated in and constitute apart of this specification. The drawings illustrate some of the embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain their principles. In the drawings: 
           [0014]      FIG. 1  to  FIG. 10  shows a self-aligned method for forming a cylinder-shaped storage node container of a capacitor that is structurally supported by a single-layer supporting structure, wherein: 
           [0015]      FIG. 2A  is a plan view showing a portion of the container openings in the memory array and  FIG. 2B  is a sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG. 2A ; 
           [0016]      FIG. 3A  is a plan view showing the containers after removing the top silicon oxide layer and  FIG. 3B  is a sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG. 3A ; 
           [0017]      FIG. 4A  is a plan view showing the containers after tilt-angle ion implantation and  FIG. 4B  is a sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG. 4A ; 
           [0018]      FIG. 5A  is a plan view showing the containers after selective removal of the undoped polysilicon layer,  FIG. 5B  is a sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG. 5A , and  FIG. 5C  is a sectional view taken along line II-II′ of  FIG. 5A ; 
           [0019]      FIG. 6A  is a plan view showing the containers after depositing an ALD oxide layer in a blanket manner,  FIG. 6B  is a sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG. 6A , and  FIG. 6C  is a sectional view taken along line II-II′ of  FIG. 6A ; 
           [0020]      FIG. 7A  is a plan view showing the containers after formation of an annular oxide spacer,  FIG. 7B  is a sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG. 7A , and  FIG. 7C  is a sectional view taken along line II-II′ of  FIG. 7A ; 
           [0021]      FIG. 8A  is a plan view showing the containers after removal of the resist layer and the implanted layer, and  FIG. 8B  is a sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG. 8A ; 
           [0022]      FIG. 9A  is a plan view showing the containers after removal of the PSG layer,  FIG. 9B  is a sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG. 9A , and  FIG. 9C  is a sectional view taken along line II-II′ of  FIG. 9A ; and 
           [0023]      FIG. 10  is a sectional diagram showing a capacitor structure. 
           [0024]    It should be noted that all the figures are diagrammatic. Relative dimensions and proportions of parts of the drawings are exaggerated or reduced in size, for the sake of clarity and convenience. The same reference signs are generally used to refer to corresponding or similar features in modified and different embodiments. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION  
       [0025]    In the following description, numerous specific details are given to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. It will, however, be apparent to one skilled in the art that the invention may be practiced without these specific details. Furthermore, some well-known system configurations and process steps are not disclosed in detail, as these should be well-known to those skilled in the art. 
         [0026]    Likewise, the drawings showing embodiments of the apparatus are semi-diagrammatic and not to scale and some dimensions are exaggerated in the figures for clarity of presentation. Also, where multiple embodiments are disclosed and described as having some features in common, like or similar features will usually be described with like reference numerals for ease of illustration and description thereof. 
         [0027]    The terms “semiconductive substrate,” “semiconductor construction” and “semiconductor substrate” used herein include any construction comprising semiconductive materials, including, but not limited to, bulk semiconductive materials such as a semiconductive wafer (either alone or in assemblies comprising other materials), and semiconductive material regions (either alone or in assemblies comprising other materials). The term “substrate” refers to any supporting structure, including, but not limited to, the semiconductive substrates described above. 
         [0028]    The term “horizontal” as used herein is defined as a plane parallel to the conventional major plane or surface of the semiconductor substrate, regardless of its orientation. The term  “ vertical” refers to a direction perpendicular to the horizontal as just defined. Terms, such as “on”, “above”, “below”, “bottom”, “top”, “side”(as in “sidewall”), “higher”, “lower”, “over”, and “under”, are defined with respect to the horizontal plane. 
         [0029]    Please refer to  FIG. 1  to  FIG. 10 . As shown in  FIG. 1 , a substrate  10  is provided to serve as a base for forming integrated devices, components, or circuits. The substrate  10  may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of monocrystalline silicon, and may be referred to as a semiconductor substrate, or as a portion of a semiconductor substrate. Although the substrate  10  in this embodiment is shown to be homogenous, the substrate  10  may comprise numerous materials in some embodiments. For instance, the substrate  10  may correspond to a semiconductor substrate containing one or more materials associated with integrated circuit fabrication. In such embodiments, such materials may correspond to one or more of refractory metal materials, barrier materials, diffusion materials, insulator materials, etc. 
         [0030]    According to the embodiment, at least one conductive region  12  is disposed in the substrate  10 . For example, the conductive region  12  may be a contact, a source/drain doping region, or a landing pad. In a case that the conductive region  12  is a contact such as tungsten contact, the conductive region  12  is embedded in a dielectric layer  14  such as a silicon oxide layer. Initially, the conductive region  12  and the dielectric layer  14  may be covered with a stop layer  18 , for example, a nitride etching stop layer. An undoped silicate glass (USG) layer  20  is deposited on the stop layer  18 . A phosphorus silicate glass (PSG) layer  22  that acts as a template layer for forming containers is deposited on the USG layer  20 . A silicon nitride layer  24  is then deposited on the PSG layer  22 . An undoped polysilicon layer  26  is deposited on the silicon nitride layer  24 . A silicon oxide layer  28  is then deposited on the undoped polysilicon layer  26 . 
         [0031]    As shown in  FIG. 2A  and  FIG. 2B , a lithographic process and a dry etching process are carried out to form high-aspect-ratio container openings  30  into the silicon oxide layer  28 , the undoped polysilicon layer  26 , the silicon nitride layer  24 , the PSG layer  22 , the USG layer  20 , and the stop layer  18 . For the sake of simplicity, only a 3×3 container array is illustrated in  FIG. 2A . As can be seen in  FIG. 2B , each of the container openings  30  extends through the silicon oxide layer  28 , the undoped polysilicon layer  26 , the silicon nitride layer  24 , the PSG layer  22 , the USG layer  20 , and the stop layer  18 , thereby revealing a top surface of the conductive region  12 . 
         [0032]    Subsequently, a conformal conductive layer such as Ti and/or TiN is deposited on the silicon oxide layer  28  and into the container openings  30 . The conductive layer conformally covers the interior surfaces of the container openings  30 . A resist layer  34  is then formed on the conductive layer and the resist layer  34  completely fills the container openings  30 . The conductive layer on the silicon oxide layer  28  is then removed by using a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process to reveal the top surface of the silicon oxide layer  28 . The remaining conductive layer within each of the container openings  30  constitutes a cylinder-shaped storage node container (hereinafter “container”)  32 , which acts as a bottom electrode of a capacitor. 
         [0033]    As shown in  FIG. 3A  and  FIG. 3B , subsequently, the silicon oxide layer  28  is completely removed to reveal the top surface of the undoped polysilicon layer  26 . At this point, a tip portion of the container  32  protrudes from the top surface of the undoped polysilicon layer  26 , thereby forming a step height  36  that is determined by the thickness of the silicon oxide layer  28 . For example, to selectively remove the silicon oxide layer  28  without etching the underlying undoped polysilicon layer  26 , the container  32 , and the resist layer  34 , a wet chemistry using HF based etchant may be employed. 
         [0034]    As shown in  FIG. 4A  and  FIG. 4B , a tilt-angle ion implantation process  40  is performed to implant pre-selected dopants such as boron into the stripe shaped regions  42  that are un-shadowed by the protrudent tip portion of the container  32 , thereby forming implanted layer  26   a.  As can be seen in  FIG. 4A , the alternate stripe shaped regions  42  are parallel with one another and extend along a reference x-axis. Each of the stripe shaped regions  42  is situated between two adjacent rows of container openings  30 . In  FIG. 4A , only three rows R 1 , R 2 , R 3  of the container openings  30  along the reference x-axis direction are illustrated. 
         [0035]    The shadowed regions  43  between the container openings  30  along reference x-axis direction are not doped with the pre-selected dopants. It is to be understood that the tilt-angle ion implantation process  40  may comprise at least one ion implant step or multiple ion implant steps utilizing the same or different implant conditions including implant angle, energy, dose, etc. In some cases, the wafer can be rotated 180° for another tilt angle implant. Preferably, the protrudent tip portion of the container  32  has adequate step height for shadowing the tilt angle implant. 
         [0036]      FIG. 5A  is a plan view showing the containers after selective removal of the undoped polysilicon layer.  FIG. 5B  is a sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG. 5A .  FIG. 5C  is a sectional view taken along line II-II′ of  FIG. 5A . As shown in  FIGS. 5A ,  5 B and  5 C, the undoped polysilicon layer  26  within the shadowed regions  43  is removed, leaving the implanted layer  26   a  within the stripe shaped regions  42  substantially intact. To selectively remove the undoped polysilicon layer  26  within the shadowed regions  43 , a dilute NH 4 OH, TMAH, or KOH may be used. After the removal of the undoped polysilicon layer  26  within the shadowed regions  43 , a portion of the top surface of the silicon nitride layer  24  is revealed. As can be seen in  FIG. 5A  and  FIG. 5C , the implanted layer  26   a  within the stripe shaped regions  42  is in direct contact with the outer sidewall surface of the container  32 . 
         [0037]      FIG. 6A  is a plan view showing the containers after depositing an ALD oxide layer in a blanket manner,  FIG. 6B  is a sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG. 6A , and  FIG. 6C  is a sectional view taken along line II-II′ of  FIG. 6A . As shown in  FIGS. 6A ,  6 B and  6 C, a thin silicon oxide layer  52  is deposited in a blanket manner. The silicon oxide layer  52  may be deposited by using atomic layer deposition (ALD) process or the like. The silicon oxide layer  52  conformally covers the protrudent tip portion of the container  32 , the exposed top surface of the silicon nitride layer  24 , and the top surface of the implanted layer  26   a  within the stripe shaped regions  42 . 
         [0038]      FIG. 7A  is a plan view showing the containers after formation of an annular oxide spacer.  FIG. 7B  is a sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG. 7A , and  FIG. 7C  is a sectional view taken along line II-II′ of  FIG. 7A . As shown in  FIGS. 7A ,  7 B and  7 C, an anisotropic dry etching process is carried out to etch the silicon oxide layer  52 , thereby forming an annular oxide spacer  52   a  surrounding the protrudent tip portion of the container  32 . Subsequently, the anisotropic dry etching process continues to etch the exposed silicon nitride layer  24  not covered by the implanted layer  26   a  to thereby form an annular nitride spacer  24   a  underneath the annular oxide spacer  52   a.  The annular nitride spacer  24   a  can be seen in  FIG. 7B . A portion of the PSG layer  22  is revealed at this point. 
         [0039]    As can be seen in  FIG. 7C , the silicon nitride layer  24  within the stripe shaped regions  42  is masked by the implanted layer  26   a.  During the aforesaid anisotropic dry etching process, the implanted layer  26   a  acts as an etching hard mask that protect the silicon nitride layer  24  within the stripe shaped regions  42  from being etched. An upper portion of the implanted layer  26   a  may be consumed during the aforesaid anisotropic dry etching process. The annular nitride spacer  24   a  is structurally connected to the silicon nitride layer  24  within the stripe shaped regions  42 . 
         [0040]      FIG. 8A  is a plan view showing the containers after removal of the resist layer and the implanted layer.  FIG. 8B  is a sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG. 8A . As shown in  FIGS. 8A and 8B , the resist layer  34  is completely removed from inside the container openings  30 , thereby exposing the interior surface of the container  32 . The resist layer  34  may be removed by using a conventional dry ash process. Subsequently, the annular oxide spacer  52   a  and the remaining implanted layer  26   a  are completely removed. The annular oxide spacer  52   a  and the remaining implanted layer  26   a  maybe removed by using a wet etching process with NH 4 OH and dilute HF deglaze. The ammonium (NH 4 OH) will selectively remove the remaining implanted layer  26   a  without attacking the metal, oxide and nitride. 
         [0041]    As best seen in  FIG. 8A , the annular nitride spacer  24   a  that clamps a neck portion of the container  32  is structurally connected to the silicon nitride layer  24  within the stripe shaped regions  42  to form a single-layer supporting structure  80 . The annular nitride spacer  24   a  functions as a retaining ring that firmly holds the container  32 , together with the silicon nitride layer  24  within the stripe shaped regions  42  extending along the reference x-axis. It is noteworthy that the annular nitride spacer  24   a  and the silicon nitride layer  24  within the stripe shaped regions  42  are situated in the same horizontal plane and are monolithic, i.e. formed from one single homogenous material layer, for example, in this embodiment, a single layer of silicon nitride. The annular nitride spacer  24   a  and the silicon nitride layer  24  within the stripe shaped regions  42  are both in direct contact with the neck portion of the container  32 . It is noteworthy that the single-layer supporting structure  80  is not in contact with the uppermost tip portion of the container  32 , but is only in contact with the neck portion of the container  32 . 
         [0042]      FIG. 9A  is a plan view showing the containers after removal of the PSG layer.  FIG. 9B  is a sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG. 9A .  FIG. 9C  is a sectional view taken along line II-II′ of  FIG. 9A . As shown in  FIGS. 9A ,  9 B and  9 C, an HF-based wet chemistry is used to completely remove the PSG layer  22 , thereby exposing the outer sidewalls of the containers  32 . It is to be understood that the thickness of the annular nitride spacer  24   a  may shrink due to the attack of diluted HF. It is possible that the annular nitride spacer  24   a  is completely consumed during the wet etching process, and in that case, each row of containers are only supported and clamped by the stripe shaped silicon nitride layer  24  within two adjacent regions  42 . 
         [0043]      FIG. 10  is a sectional diagram showing a capacitor structure. As shown in  FIG. 10 , a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process may be performed to deposit a conformal capacitor dielectric layer  66  on the outer sidewall and interior surface of the container  32 . The capacitor dielectric layer  66  also conformally covers the annular nitride spacer  24   a  and the top surface of the USG layer  20 . For example, the capacitor dielectric layer  66  may comprise ZrOx, but not limited thereto. A conductive layer  68  that acts as a top plate of the capacitor is then deposited on the capacitor dielectric layer  66 . For example, the conductive layer  68  may comprise TiN, W, N +  doped poly, or combination thereof. 
         [0044]    Those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerous modifications and alterations of the device and method may be made while retaining the teachings of the invention. Accordingly, the above disclosure should be construed as limited only by the metes and bounds of the appended claims.