Abstract:
A defective address storage circuit reduces current consumption in a memory device by utilizing a fuse block having address storage blocks arranged in series. Each address storage block preferably has two portions, each portion having a fuse and transistor. A NAND-type architecture can be implemented by arranging the portions of each block in parallel while the fuse and transistor are arranged in series, or by arranging the portions of each block in series while the fuse and transistor are arranged in parallel.

Description:
This application claims priority from Korean patent application No. 2000-69533 filed Nov. 22, 2000 which is incorporated by reference. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates generally to semiconductor memory devices, and more particularly to a scheme for storing an address of a defective memory cell. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     For many integrated circuit memory arrays, several redundant rows or columns are provided to be used as substitutes for defective rows or columns of main memory cells. When a defective row or column is identified, rather than treating the entire chip as defective, a redundant row or column can be employed instead of the defective row or column. The redundant row or column corresponding to the defective row or column is assigned for replacing the defective row or column. Then, when an address corresponding to the defective row or column is provided, the redundant row or column is accessed instead. 
     For the purpose of replacing the defective row or column with the redundant row or column, the memory device includes a defective address storage circuit (or, defective address detection circuit). The defective address storage circuit monitors row/column addresses and enables the redundant row or column in place of the defect row or column when the defective row or column address is provided. Some defective address storage circuits are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,258,953 entitled “Semiconductor Memory Device”, U.S. Pat. No. 5,657,280 entitled “Defective Cell Repairing Circuit and Method of Semiconductor Memory Device”, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,723,999 entitled “Redundant Row Fuse Bank Circuit”. 
     FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a prior art defective address storage circuit. The circuit of FIG. 1 includes a fuse  11 , P-channel metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistor  12 , inverter  13 , and NOR-type fuse bank (or, NOR-type fuse array)  30 . The fuse  11  and the PMOS transistor  12  are connected between a power supply voltage and a node NO, and the PMOS transistor  12  is switched on/off in response to a signal nRchk. An input terminal of the inverter  13  is connected to node NO, and an output terminal thereof provides a signal nRcen. The NOR-type fuse bank  30  includes fuses  14  through  24 , and N-channel MOS transistors  15 ˜ 25  which correspond to fuses  14  through  24 , respectively. As shown in FIG. 1, the fuses  14 ˜ 24  and the NMOS transistors  15 ˜ 25  are arranged in a NOR architecture. 
     If no defective cells are identified, fuse  11  is blown and fuses  14 ˜ 24  of the fuse bank  30  remain connected. In this state, at least one of the NMOS transistors  15 ˜ 25  is turned on regardless of the combination of address signals A 0 , nA 0 , A 1 , nA 1 , A 2 , and nA 2  provided, so the signal at node N 0  remains low. 
     If, however, a defective row or column is identified, fuse  11  is left in the connected state, and fuses  14 ˜ 24  of the fuse bank  30  are selectively cut to detect the address corresponding to the defective row or column. For example, if the address of a defective row or column is indicated by address signals A 0 ˜A 2  being low, then fuses  14 ,  18 , and  22  are left connected, while fuses  16 ,  20 , and  24  are cut. Thus, when address signals A 0 ˜A 2  are low (and address signals nA 0 ˜nA 2  are high), node NO is charged to the high level through fuse  11  and PMOS transistor  12  because all current paths from node NO to ground are cut off. The signal nRcen is driven low by the inverter  13 , which indicates that the row or column of the current address has a defect. 
     The signal nRcen causes the defective row or column to be replaced with the corresponding redundant row or column. When address signals corresponding to a normal row or column are provided, at least one of the address signals A 0 ˜A 2  is high, so the NMOS transistor corresponding thereto is turned on. Thus, a current path is created from node N 0  to the ground voltage terminal. Since the current drive capability of the PMOS transistor  12  is set lower than that of the NMOS transistors of the fuse bank  30 , the node N 0  is maintained at the low level, thereby causing the signal nRcen to go high. 
     Memory devices typically include multiple defective address storage circuits. As described above, each of the defective address storage circuits creates a direct current path from the power supply voltage to the ground voltage when the address provided from the outside is not identical with the stored address of the defective address storage circuit. This results in unnecessary current consumption. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention involves the use of address storage blocks coupled in series to reduce current consumption in a defective address storage circuit for a semiconductor memory device. 
     One aspect of the present invention is a defective address storage circuit for a semiconductor memory device having redundant cells for replacing defective memory cells, the circuit comprising: a precharge circuit coupled between a first voltage terminal and an output node and adapted to precharge the output node to a potential of the first voltage terminal in response to a control signal; and a fuse bank coupled between the output node and a second voltage terminal and adapted to store address signals corresponding to a defective memory cell; wherein the fuse bank comprises address storage blocks coupled in series between the output node and the second voltage terminal. 
     Another aspect of the present invention is a defective address storage circuit for a semiconductor memory device comprising a plurality of address storage blocks coupled in series. 
     A further aspect of the present invention is a defective address storage circuit for a semiconductor memory device comprising: means for precharging an output node; and a plurality of means for storing a defective address coupled in series with the output node. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a prior art defective address storage circuit. 
     FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a defective address storage circuit in accordance with the present invention. 
     FIG. 3 is a timing diagram illustrating the operation of the defective address storage circuit shown in FIG.  2 . 
     FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of a defective address storage circuit in accordance with the present invention. 
     FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a third embodiment of a defective address storage circuit in accordance with the present invention. 
     FIG. 6 is a timing diagram illustrating the operation of the defective address storage circuit shown in FIG.  5 . 
     FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a fourth embodiment of a defective address storage circuit in accordance with the present invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The following detailed description is of the preferred embodiments presently contemplated by the inventors for practicing the invention. It should be understood that the description of these preferred embodiments is merely illustrative and that they should not be taken in a limiting sense. 
     FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a defective address storage circuit for a semiconductor memory device according in accordance with the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, the defective address storage circuit includes P-channel metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistor  41 , inverter  42 , and NAND-type fuse bank  100 . The PMOS transistor  41  is connected between a power supply voltage terminal and output node N 1 , and precharges node N 1  to the power supply voltage level in response to control signal nRp. The inverter  42  is connected to node N 1 , and generates the signal Ren in response to the potential of node N 1 . The PMOS transistor  41  serves as a precharge circuit, and the inverter  42  serves as a buffer circuit. 
     Continuing to refer to FIG. 2, the NAND-type fuse bank  100  includes a plurality of address storage blocks  100   a ,  100   b , and  100   c  which are connected in series between node N 1  and a ground voltage terminal in a NAND-type architecture. Each of the address storage b locks  100   a ,  100   b , and  100   c  is formed of two fuses and two N-channel MOS transistors. The fuse  43  and the NMOS transistor  45  of the address storage block  100   a  are connected in series between the node N 1  and the address storage block  100   b . The fuse  44  and NMOS transistor  46  are connected in series between the node N 1  and the address storage block  100   b . Thus, fuse  43  and NMOS transistor  45  form a portion of the address storage block  100   a  that is connected in parallel with another portion formed by the fuse  44  and the NMOS transistor  46 . The NMOS transistors  45  and  46  are connected to receive complementary address signals nA 0  and A 0 , respectively. Likewise, the rest of the address storage blocks  100   b , and  100   c  have the same circuit arrangement as the address storage block  100   a , so that the descriptions thereof are omitted to avoid redundancy. 
     FIG. 3 is a timing diagram showing an operation of the defective address storage circuit of FIG.  2 . Assuming that an address corresponding to a defective cell (referred to as a “repair address” hereinafter), e.g., A 0 ˜A 2 , is “000”, the repair address is stored in the defective address storage circuit shown in FIG.  2 . In that case, the fuses  44 ,  48  and  52  corresponding to the repair address signals A 0 ˜A 2  are cut, while the fuses  43 ,  47 , and  51  corresponding to complementary repair address signals nA 0 ˜nA 2  remain connected. In this manner, the repair address is stored in the fuse bank  100 . 
     When the signal nRp goes low, the output node N 1  goes high through the PMOS transistor  41 . As shown in FIG. 3, when the repair address A 0 ˜A 2  of “000” is provided, the NMOS transistors  46 ,  50 , and  54  are turned off, while the NMOS transistors  45 ,  49 , and  53  are turned on in response to the complementary address signals nA˜nA 2  of “111”. Thus, a current path between the node N 1  and the ground voltage terminal is formed through  43 ,  45 ,  47 ,  49 ,  51 , and  53  in order, so node N 1  is pulled low, and the signal Ren goes high to access a redundant cell in place of the defective cell. 
     If a normal address, for example “010”, is provided to the defective address storage circuit shown in FIG. 2, the NMOS transistor  50  of the address storage block  100   b  in the NAND-type fuse bank  100  is turned on, while the NMOS transistor  49  is turned off. Thus, there is no current path through the address storage blocks  100   a ,  100   b  and  100   c  to the ground voltage terminal, so no current is consumed by the fuse bank  100  when a normal address is provided. 
     FIG. 4 is circuit diagram of a second embodiment of a defective address storage circuit in accordance with the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4, the defective address storage circuit includes PMOS transistor  55 , inverter  56 , and NAND-type fuse bank  200 . The PMOS transistor  55  is connected between the power supply voltage terminal and output node N 2 , and precharges node N 2  to the power supply voltage in response to control signal nRp. The inverter  56  is connected to the node N 2 , and generates the signal Ren in response to the potential of the node N 2 . The PMOS transistor  55  serves as a precharge circuit, and the inverter  56  serves as a buffer circuit. 
     The NAND-type fuse bank  200  includes a plurality of address storage blocks  200   a ,  200   b , and  200   c  which are connected in series between the output node N 2  and the ground voltage terminal in a NAND-type architecture. Each of the address storage blocks  200   a ,  200   b , and  200   c  is formed of two fuses and two NMOS transistors. The fuses  58  and  60  of the address storage block  200   a  are connected in series between the node N 2  and the address storage block  200   b . The NMOS transistors  57  and  59  are also connected in series between the node N 2  and the address storage block  200   b  in series. A node between the fuses  58  and  60  is electrically connected to a node between the transistors  57 , and  59 . Thus, transistor  57  and fuse  58  form a first portion of the address storage block  200   a  which is in series with a second portion formed from transistor  59  and fuse  60 . The NMOS transistors  57  and  59  of the address storage block  200   a  are connected to complementary address signals A 0  and nA 0 , respectively. Likewise, the rest of the address storage blocks  200   b  and  200   c  have the same constitution as the address storage block  200   a , as shown in FIG.  4 . 
     If the repair address A 0 ˜A 2 , is “000”, the repair address is stored in the NAND-type fuse bank  200  by cutting fuses  60 ,  64 , and  68 , while leaving fuses  58 ,  62 , and  66  connected. When the repair address A 0 ˜A 2  of “000” is provided, the NMOS transistors  57 ,  61 , and  65  are turned off, while the NMOS transistors  59 ,  63 , and  67  are turned on in response to the complementary repair address signals nA 0 ˜nA 2 . This forms a current path through  58 ,  59 ,  62 ,  63 ,  66 , and  67  between the node N 2  and the ground voltage terminal, so node N 2  is pulled low, and the signal Ren goes high to access a redundant cell in place of the defective cell. 
     The output node N 2  is precharged through the PMOS transistor  55  when the signal nRp is low. 
     If the normal address of “010” is provided to the defective address storage circuit of FIG. 4, the NMOS transistor  61  of the address storage block  200   b  is turned on, while the NMOS transistor  63  is turned off. Since the current path between the address storage blocks  100   a  and  100   c  is shut off, no current path is formed between the power supply voltage terminal and the ground voltage terminal. Therefore, no current is consumed by the defective address storage circuit of FIG. 4 when a normal address is provided. 
     FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a third embodiment of a defective address storage circuit according to the present invention. Referring to FIG. 5, the defective address storage circuit includes NMOS transistor  69 , inverter  82 , and NAND-type fuse bank  300 . The NMOS transistor  69  is connected between the ground voltage terminal and an output node N 3 , and controlled by a control signal Rn to precharge the node N 3  to the ground voltage. The inverter  82  has an input connected to the node N 3 , and generates the signals Rn in response to the potential of the node N 3 . The NMOS transistor  69  serves as a precharge circuit, and the inverter  82  serves as a buffer circuit. 
     Continuing to refer to FIG. 5, the NAND-type fuse bank  300  includes a plurality of address storage blocks  300   a ,  300   b  and  300   c  which are connected in series between the power supply voltage terminal and the node N 3  in a NAND-type architecture. Each of the address storage blocks  300   a ,  300   b , and  300   c  is formed from two fuses and two PMOS transistors. 
     The fuse  70  and the PMOS transistor  72  of the address storage block  300   a  are connected in series between the power supply voltage terminal and the address storage block  300   b . The fuse  71  and the PMOS transistor  73  are connected in series between the power supply voltage terminal and the address storage block  300   b . In other words, the fuse  70  and the PMOS transistor  72  form a portion of the address storage block  300   a  which is connected in parallel with another portion of the address storage block that includes the fuse  71  and the PMOS transistor  73 . The PMOS transistors  72  and  73  are connected to the complementary address signals nA 0  and A 0 , respectively. Likewise, the rest of the address storage blocks  300   b  and  300   c  have the same construction as the address storage block  100   a , as shown in FIG.  5 . 
     FIG. 6 is a timing diagram showing an operation of the defective address storage circuit shown in FIG.  5 . Assuming that the repair address is “000”, the repair address A 0 ˜A 2  is stored in the defective address storage circuit shown in FIG. 5 by retaining fuses  71 ,  75  and  79  in the connected state, and cutting fuses  70 ,  74 , and  78 . In this manner, the repair address is stored in the NAND-type fuse bank  300 . 
     When the signal Rn is high, node N 3  is precharged to the low level through the NMOS transistor  69 . As shown in FIG. 6, when the repair address A 0 ˜A 2  of “000” is provided, the PMOS transistors  73 ,  77 , and  81  are turned on, while the PMOS transistors  72 ,  76 , and  80  are turned off in response to the complementary address signals nA 0 ˜nA 2  of “111”. Thus, a current path is formed through  71 ,  73 ,  75 ,  77 ,  79 , and  81  between the power supply voltage terminal and the output node N 3 . Thus, the signal nRen goes low to access a redundant cell in place of the defective cell. 
     If the normal address of “010” is provided to the defective address storage circuit shown in FIG. 5, the PMOS transistor  77  of the address storage block  300   b  is turned off, while the PMOS transistor  76  is turned on. Thus, there is no current path between the power supply voltage terminal and the ground voltage terminal through the address storage blocks  300   a  and  300   c , so no current is consumed by the circuit. 
     FIG. 7 is circuit diagram of a fourth embodiment of a defective address storage circuit in accordance with the present invention. Referring to FIG. 7, the defective address storage circuit includes NMOS transistor  83 , inverter  84 , and NAND-type fuse bank  400 . The NMOS transistor  83  is connected between an output node N 4  and the ground voltage terminal, and controlled by the control signal Rn to precharge the node N 4  to the ground voltage. The inverter  84  is connected to the node N 4 , and generates the signal nRen in response to the potential of the node N 4 . The NMOS transistor  83  serves as a precharge circuit, and the inverter  84  serves as a buffer circuit. 
     The NAND-type fuse bank  400  includes a plurality of address storage blocks  400   a ,  400   b  and  400   c  which are connected in series between the power supply voltage terminal and the node N 4  in a NAND architecture. Each of the address storage blocks  400   a ,  400   b , and  400   c  is formed of two fuses and two PMOS transistors. The fuses  86  and  88  of the address storage block  400   a  are connected in series between the power supply voltage terminal and the address storage block  400   b . The PMOS transistors  85  and  87  of the address storage block  400   a  are connected in series between the power supply voltage and the address storage block  400   b . A node between the transistors  85 , and  87  is electrically connected to a node between the fuses  86 , and  88 . Thus, transistor  85  and fuse  86  form a first portion of the address storage block  200   a  which is in series with a second portion formed from transistor  87  and fuse  88 . The PMOS transistors  85  and  87  are connected to the complementary address signals A 0  and nA 0 , respectively. Likewise, the rest of the address storage blocks  400   b  and  400   c  have the same construction as the address storage block  400   a.    
     Assuming that the repair address is “000”, the fuses  86 ,  90 , and  94  are cut, while the fuses  88 ,  92 , and  96  remain connected. In this manner, the repair address is stored in the NAND-type fuse bank  400 . When the signal Rn is high, the node N 4  is precharged to the low level through the NMOS transistor  83 . When the repair address A 0 ˜A 2  of “000” is provided, the PMOS transistors  85 ,  89 , and  93  are turned on, while the PMOS transistors  87 ,  91 , and  95  are turned off in response to the complementary repair address signals nA 0 ˜nA 2  of “111”. Thus, a current path is formed through  85 ,  88 ,  89 ,  92 ,  93 , and  96  between the power supply voltage terminal and the node N 4 . This causes the signal nRen to go low to access a redundant cell in place of the defective cell. 
     If the normal address of “010” is provided, the PMOS transistor  89  of the address storage block  400   b  is turned off, while the PMOS transistor  91  is turned on. Thus, there is no current path between power supply voltage terminal and the ground voltage terminal through the address storage blocks  400   a  and  400   c , so no current is consumed by the circuit. 
     An advantage of the present invention is that there is no current path through the address storage blocks when a normal address is provided. This eliminates unnecessary power consumption. 
     Having described and illustrated the principles of the invention in a preferred embodiment thereof, it should be apparent that the invention can be modified in arrangement and detail without departing from such principles. Accordingly, such changes and modifications are considered to fall within the scope of the following claims.