Abstract:
Methods, systems, computer-readable media, and apparatuses for searching and delivering program content are described herein. A search request may be received from a first user device. One or more content sources in a distributed digital communication network may be searched for program content that satisfies the search criteria. Responsive to determining that the search was unsuccessful, the one or more content sources may be monitored for changes to determine whether at least one change satisfies the search criteria. Data indicative of the at least one matching result may be delivered to a second user device. A selection of a program content item associated with one of the at least one matching result may be received. According to one or more aspects, the selected program content item may be delivered to the second user device.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    The present application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/093,807, filed on Dec. 2, 2013, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/544,423, filed on Jul. 9, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,621,521, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/856,830, filed on Aug. 16, 2010, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,245,259, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/920,723, filed Aug. 3, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,793,326. The contents of each of these applications are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. 
         [0002]    The following U.S. patents also are incorporated by reference: 
         [0003]    U.S. Pat. No. 5,798,785, entitled “Terminal for Suggesting Programs Offered on a Television Program Delivery System;” 
         [0004]    U.S. Pat. No. 5,986,690, entitled “Electronic Book Selection and Delivery System;” 
         [0005]    The following co-pending U.S. patent applications also are incorporated by reference: 
         [0006]    Patent application Ser. No. 07/991,074, filed Dec. 9, 1992, entitled “Remote Control for Menu Driven Subscriber Access to Television Programming;” 
         [0007]    Patent application Ser. No. 08/906,469, filed Aug. 5, 1997, entitled “Reprogrammable Terminal for Suggesting Programs Offered on a Television Program Delivery System;” 
         [0008]    Patent application Ser. No. 09/191,520, filed Nov. 13, 1998, entitled “Digital Broadcast Program Ordering;” 
         [0009]    Patent application Ser. No. 09/289,957, filed Apr. 13, 1999, entitled “Electronic Book Alternative Delivery Systems;” 
         [0010]    Patent application Ser. No. 09/289,956, filed Apr. 13, 1999, entitled “Electronic Book Alternative Delivery Methods;” 
         [0011]    Patent application Ser. No. 09/921,057, filed Aug. 3, 2001, entitled “Video and Digital Multimedia Aggregator Content Suggestion Engine;” and 
         [0012]    Patent application Ser. No. 09/920,615, filed Aug. 3, 2001, entitled “Video and Digital Multimedia Aggregator Remote Content Crawler.” 
     
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0013]    The technical field is television program and digital multimedia delivery systems that incorporate intelligent and flexible program search and delivery mechanisms. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0014]    Cable television delivery systems greatly expanded the array of programs available to television viewers over that provided by over-the-air broadcast systems. Subsequently, satellite television delivery systems, and in particular, digital satellite broadcast systems further expanded the viewing choices for consumers. In the near future, digital broadcast television systems will provide many more programming choices for consumers. 
         [0015]    In addition to television programming delivered through television program delivery systems, other programs and events may be sent to consumers. These other programs and events include streaming video sent over wired and unwired, narrowband to broadband services, digital audio programs, and other multimedia data. 
         [0016]    Unfortunately, customers are still limited in their television viewing choices by the local and regional nature of television delivery systems. For example, a broadcaster in Boston may provide programming of local interests to people in Massachusetts while a broadcaster in Seattle may provide different programming to people in the Seattle area. A person in Boston generally cannot access Seattle programming, other than programming that is provided at a national level. 
         [0017]    In addition to this local/regional market segregation, many other sources of programming and events may not be available in a specific viewing area. These other sources may include audio programming, streaming video, local or closed circuit television programming (e.g., education television programming provided by a state education department) and other programming. 
         [0018]    Even if certain programming is available in a local viewing area, a viewer may not be aware of its existence. This situation may be the result of a large array of available programming coupled with a limited program menu or guide. The program guide may be limited in that not all available programming can be listed, some programming changes occur that are not reflected in the program guide, and errors may exist in the program guide. In addition, the more comprehensive the program guide, the harder it is for the viewer to search and navigate the program guide to find a desired program. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0019]    The problems noted above are solved by the video and digital multimedia aggregator system and method described herein. Program content can be packaged and delivered by the system, including video, television, radio, audio, multimedia, computer software, and electronic books, or any content that can be delivered in digital format. 
         [0020]    A system for searching, packaging and delivering content using an aggregator is described. The aggregator processes requests, searches, provides search results and acquires content. 
         [0021]    The aggregator comprises a request and results processing server, a search engine server coupled to the request and results processing server and a content acquisition server coupled to the request and results processing server. The request and results processing server receives a request for a program, the search engine server searches for the program and the content acquisition server acquires a program for delivery to the user. The request and results processing server includes a search request processor that receives information related to the user&#39;s search request and provides the information to a search results form builder that creates an electronic search request. The search request may be augmented by using a content search suggestion engine to add additional search terms and descriptions to the search request. The aggregator may also include a decoder that decodes program content and program metadata from remote sources for storage at the aggregator, and an encoder that encodes content metadata and programs for delivery to the user. The aggregator may also comprise one or more crawlers, such as a content crawler, to look for program content in the digital communications network. 
         [0022]    The search engine server searches at least a local content database. The local database typically comprises at least two file types, metadata and content. A content file includes a complete program content file. For example, the 1997 movie Titanic may exist in the local content database as a complete program content file. The complete program content file may also include a reference content or metadata that contains additional information related to the content. Such additional information in the reference content may include: a program description, including program rating, program description, video clips, program length, format (e.g., 4×3 television or 16×9 movies), and other information; billing information and digital rights management information; viewing statistics, including number of times viewed, dates/times viewed, identity of users viewing the program; advertisement information to allow ads to be inserted during viewing of the program; and other information. 
         [0023]    The additional information in the reference file may be provided in whole or in part to the system users. For example, the aggregator may provide a program description and accompanying video clips to selected systems users. The reference file may also be used by the aggregator for system administration purposes. For example, billing and digital rights management information may be used to collect appropriate fees from system users and to provide such collected fees to the entities owning rights in the content. 
         [0024]    A remote content crawler continually crawls the digital communication network looking for content to provide to the aggregator. The content provided to the aggregator may be stored in a form of an entire content file. For example, the content may include an entire movie, television program or electronic book. Alternatively, the content provided to the aggregator may be a reference to a content file that is stored at, or that will be available at one of the remote locations. For example, the content may be a reference to a future, scheduled live sports event that will be made available to system users. The sports event may be provided for a one time fee, as part of a sports package, for which a fee is collected, or as a free event. In the examples discussed above, the content may be stored at the aggregator, and may subsequently be provided to system users. For the example of the live sports event, the aggregator may store the live sports event and may then provide the sports event as a replay, in addition to facilitating live viewing of the sports event. 
     
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0025]    The detailed description will refer to the following drawings in which like numerals refer to like elements, and in which: 
           [0026]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram of primary components of a content search, packaging, and delivery system; 
           [0027]      FIG. 2  is a block diagram of the components of the content search, packaging, and delivery system configured to deliver content to a set top terminal; 
           [0028]      FIG. 3  is a block diagram of the components of the content search, packaging, and delivery system configured to deliver content to a personal computer terminal; 
           [0029]      FIG. 4  is a schematic of the components of the content search, packaging, and delivery system showing subsystems of an aggregator, a user terminal, and a remote content server; 
           [0030]      FIG. 5  is a schematic of subsystems of a request and results processing server and components with which the processing server interacts as part of the content search, packaging, and delivery system; 
           [0031]      FIG. 6  is a schematic of subsystems of a content search suggestion engine and components with which the content search suggestion engine interacts as part of the content search, packaging, and delivery system; 
           [0032]      FIG. 7  is a schematic of subsystems of a search engine server and components with which the search engine server interacts as part of the content search, packaging, and delivery system; 
           [0033]      FIG. 8  is a schematic of subsystems of a content acquisition server and components with which the content acquisition server interacts as part of a content search, packaging, and delivery system; 
           [0034]      FIG. 9  is a schematic of subsystems of a content delivery server and components with which the content delivery server interacts as part of the content search, packaging, and delivery system; 
           [0035]      FIG. 10  is a schematic of subsystems of a system administrator and components with which the system administrator interacts as part of the content search, packaging, and delivery system. 
           [0036]      FIG. 11  is a schematic of subsystems of a database administrator as part of the content search, packaging, and delivery system; 
           [0037]      FIG. 12  is a schematic of various user input devices that may be used with the user terminal of the content search, packaging, and delivery system; 
           [0038]      FIGS. 13A and 13B  show a flowchart describing a process of initiating a content search request using the user terminal that communicates with the aggregator; 
           [0039]      FIGS. 14A and 14B  show a flowchart describing processing of content search requests and search results performed within the aggregator; 
           [0040]      FIGS. 15A and 15B  show a flowchart describing a process at the user terminal for displaying programming search results and initiating content download requests; 
           [0041]      FIGS. 16A and 16B  show a flowchart describing processing of programming download requests by the aggregator; 
           [0042]      FIGS. 17A-17C  show a flowchart describing programming content delivery from the aggregator or a remote content server to the user terminal; 
           [0043]      FIGS. 18A-18C  show an embodiment of a search request form; and 
           [0044]      FIGS. 19A-19B  show an embodiment of a search results form. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0045]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a content search, packaging, and delivery system  200 . The content to be packaged and delivered by the system  200  includes video, television, radio, audio, multimedia, computer software and electronic books. Components of the system  200  include an aggregator  201  and a user terminal  202 , which are connected using a wide area distribution system  203 . Other components are remote content servers  204  that exchange data with the aggregator  201  using a wide area network/Internet  205  connection. The user terminal  202  may incorporate a video display system  207 , an audio playout system  208 , an audio/video recording system  209 , user input devices  214 , an electronic book reader  230 , and a connection to a home network  229  to interact with other devices in the user&#39;s home environment. Alternatively, one or more or all of the video display system  207 , the audio playout system  208 , the audio/video recording system  209 , and the electronic book reader  230  may be separate components that are coupled to the user terminal  202 . 
         [0046]    The system  200  allows a user to enter search parameters, such as keywords and category headings, and have the aggregator  201  use these parameters to locate, package, and deliver content to the user terminal  202  from numerous sources. The requests and content deliveries can be sent over communications links including, but not limited to, telephone lines, coaxial cable, fiber-optic cable, wireless connections, wide area networks, the Internet, and other communication media collectively represented by the wide area distribution system  203 . The numerous sources of content are shown in  FIG. 4  and include, but are not limited to, an aggregator local storage  254 , local streaming sources  262 , remote content storage  258 , and remote streaming sources  259 . In an embodiment, the local streaming sources  262  are comprised of the audio and video channels being delivered using a cable headend system that may house the aggregator  201 . 
         [0047]    The system  200  will take a user&#39;s search request and may perform a search of virtually every active and scheduled radio and television channel in the world, as well as archived sources of video and audio programming such as movies and recorded audio sources and sources of other multimedia, software, and electronic book content. In an embodiment, the system  200  will also search Internet Web sites and other online databases. The user will then be able to select programming or other content for download based on the search results. In an embodiment, the download, or delivery, process can be fulfilled by making the content available on a specific channel of a cable television system, or by transmitting the content using a digital communications protocol, such as the Internet standard TCP/IP, for example. In addition, the content search, packaging, and delivery system  200  is capable of formulating and presenting a list of suggested content based on an analysis of the user&#39;s current search parameters, stored information about previous searches and previously selected content downloads and other user-specific or related information. The system  200  is also capable of notifying a user prior to the start time of selected programming and availability of other content using such notification as an electronic mail message and/or an on-screen message indicating that the scheduled program will be broadcast at a specified time. The system  200  may support one or more digital rights management (DRM) systems to track the usage and copyrights rights associated with downloaded content and bill the user&#39;s account as appropriate and provide any license and usage fees to the content provider. The system  200  may implement a users&#39; privacy protection scheme allowing users to control what information is gathered, limit what is done with that information, and review and delete the user&#39;s profile if desired. 
         [0048]    An overview of an embodiment of the system  200  is shown in  FIG. 2  where the user terminal  202  is a set top terminal  206  that communicates with the aggregator  201  through a cable television system headend  210 , thereby making use of the cable television system headend  210  high bandwidth concatenated cable system  216 . Further, the set top terminal  206  system may include a tuner  228 , a demultiplexer  231 , the video display system  207 , the audio playout system  208 , the audio/video recording system  209 , user input devices  214 , an electronic book reader  230 , and a connection to the user&#39;s home network  229 . These components are used to tune, select, view, listen to, and store audio and video programming and other content delivered by the search, packaging, and delivery system  200 .  FIG. 2  also shows a communications path from one or more remote content servers  204  through the wide area network/Internet  205  directly to the set top terminal  206 , which bypasses the aggregator  201  and cable television system headend  210 . This path may be used in the case where the requested content is available in the required format from the remote content server  204  and is authorized for direct delivery to the user. In an alternative embodiment, the aggregator  201  is collocated with the cable television system headend  210  that is acting as the wide area distribution system  203  as is the case when a cable television system is also serving as the user&#39;s Internet service provider. 
         [0049]    An overview of another embodiment of the system  200  is shown in  FIG. 3 , where the user terminal  202  is a personal computer terminal  211  that communicates with the aggregator  201  through an Internet service provider/cable television system headend  215 . In this case, the content may be delivered by a cable headend that is operating as an Internet service provider (ISP). The personal computer terminal  211  also may include the video display system  207 , the audio playout system  208 , the audio/video recording system  209 , user input devices  214 , the electronic book reader  230 , and the connection to the home network  229 . A communications path also exists from one or more remote content servers  204  through the wide area network/Internet  205  directly to the personal computer terminal  211 , which bypasses the aggregator  201  and the Internet service provider/cable television system headend  215  in the case where requested content is in the required format and is authorized for direct delivery to the user. 
         [0050]    The user can receive video and audio programs (i.e., the content) in a number of different ways. First, the tuner  228  in the user terminal  202 , shown in  FIG. 2 , can simply tune to the desired program, or the demultiplexer  231  can select a program from a digital multiplex, thereby displaying the program at the appropriate time. However, the desired program may not be broadcast by the user&#39;s cable television system headend  210 , or the user would like to watch a program supplied by the local headend, but not subscribed to by the user, e.g., a boxing match broadcast by a premium channel that the user does not ordinarily receive. In these examples, the program can be delivered to the user by the aggregator  201  using the telephone lines, fiber-optic transmission lines, or other communication media, or using the cable television system headend  210 . In an embodiment, the aggregator  201  can supply the desired program to the user by pulling programs from program delivery systems in the United States and abroad and delivering the program to system users. Therefore, a user can have access to programs outside the user&#39;s immediate viewing area. 
         [0051]      FIG. 4  shows the system  200  and system components in more detail. At a user&#39;s location, the user terminal  202  includes the tuner  228 , the demultiplexer  231 , a user terminal processor  227 , user local storage  212  and user local database  213 . Coupled to the user terminal  202  may be user input devices  214 , the video display system  207 , the audio playout system  208 , the audio/video recording system  209 , an electronic book reader  230 , and a connection to the home network  229 . 
         [0052]    The user terminal  202  is coupled through the wide area distribution system  203  to the aggregator  201  and further through the wide area network/Internet  205  to remote program sources. The remote program sources include remote streaming sources  259  and remote central storage  258 . The remote program sources also include remote databases  261  and, through the remote content server  204 , a remote server database  260 . 
         [0053]    The aggregator  201  may include a communications server  250  that communicates with the user terminal  202  through the wide area distribution system  203 . The communications server  250  receives inputs from a request and results processing server  300 , a content delivery server  450  and a system administrator  500 . The content delivery server  450  receives inputs from a coder and content formatter  253  and a content acquisition server  400 . The content delivery server  450  also accesses an aggregator local storage  254  and local streaming sources  262 . Finally, the content delivery server  450  provides an output to the system administrator  500 . The coder and coder formatter  253  receives inputs from the content acquisition server  400 , the aggregator local storage  254  and local streaming sources  262 . The system administrator  500  receives inputs from the content and delivery server  450 , and communicates with the content acquisition server  400 , the request and results processing server  300 , a search engine server  350  and aggregator archives  255 . A decoder and content formatter  252  is coupled to the content acquisition server  400 . Finally, a network gateway  251  couples components of the aggregator  201  with the remote content server  204  through the wide area network/Internet  205 . 
         [0054]    Programs received at the aggregator  201  may be input to the formatter  253 . The formatter  253  reformats all input content into a format that is readily received by all user terminals  202  operably connected to the delivery system  200  (not shown in  FIG. 4 ). In addition, the formatter  253  can store full or partial copies of content in compressed form in the aggregator local storage  254 . Furthermore, the aggregator  201  can provide real-time delivery of certain content, such as a boxing match. In an embodiment, if a large number of users want a particular live program, then the cable television system headend  210  can broadcast the program on a particular channel available to all the requestors instead of broadcasting the program to each individual user over the wide area distribution system  203 . See U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/191,520, entitled Digital Broadcast Program Ordering, hereby incorporated by reference, for additional details of broadcast program delivery. 
         [0055]    The aggregator  201  can also implement a screening process for limiting the number of programs captured to those programs with a viewing audience above a predetermined threshold. In effect, the aggregator  201  contains a filter that will pass only programs meeting the predetermined selection criteria. The filter may include programming that screens the content to reject specific items, such as adult content, for example. 
         [0056]    The system administrator  500  records what fees should be paid and to whom. For example, the aggregator  201  will determine to whom any copyright or other fees should be paid when a program is broadcast. 
         [0057]    The user terminal  202  may be a television, a set top terminal  206 , a personal computer terminal  211  (not shown), or any device capable of receiving digital or analog data, or some combination thereof. The user terminal  202  is equipped with the user input devices  214  that communicate search criteria to the system  200  as well as navigate through the user terminal menu system and control the user terminal&#39;s other various functions. The user local storage  212  is used to store and archive content onto one or more removable and/or non-removable storage devices or media for later access. Removable storage media may include, but is not limited to, magnetic tape, magnetic disks, optical disks and modules, and electronic memory cartridges. The user local database  213  is the repository of all relevant information about a user&#39;s profile and account. This information includes, but is not limited to, user name, password, personal information that the user has authorized for storage, billing information, other users allowed access to the account, past search criteria, past content download information, and library information about stored content. As a consumer protection, the user terminal  202  may enable the account user to view the information stored in the user local database  213  and modify certain data fields and select which data fields may be reported to a main system database (see  FIG. 10 ) within the aggregator  201 . Certain fields including, but not limited to, account numbers and billing information may not be allowed this level of user access. 
         [0058]    The user terminal processor  227  may include a central processing unit and all associated hardware, software, and firmware modules to perform all operations within the user terminal  202 . These operations include, but are not limited to, managing communications with the aggregator  201  and other networked devices, processing search and download requests, displaying search and download results, managing and controlling communications with the user local storage  212  and the user local database  213 , responding to user interaction with presentation of graphical user interface (GUI) menus, playing out selected programming content using various audio and video output devices, implementing the user&#39;s part of the digital rights management schema, and administering the user&#39;s account and billing. The tuner  228  and the demultiplexer  231  are used to select an audio/video channel for playout from the channels available on the cable television system  216 . 
         [0059]    In an embodiment, the user terminal  202  may incorporate selected features of the aggregator  201 . For example, the user terminal  202  may include a small metadata crawler, an aggregator, and program content and program metadata storage. 
         [0060]    The user terminal  202  communicates with the aggregator  201  using the wide area distribution system  203 . Within the aggregator  201 , the communications server  250  acts as the interface point to the wide area distribution system  203  for the purpose of managing primary communications to system users. The communications server  250  routes incoming user requests and associated user information to the request and results processing server  300 , routes search results and content downloads through the wide area distribution system  203  to end users, and routes billing information from the customer billing server  506  (see  FIG. 10 ) to the end users. The request and results processing server  300  performs the basic processing and routing related to user search requests, content download requests, administrative information requests, search results, related content suggestions, and programming notification. 
         [0061]      FIG. 5  shows individual subsystems of the request and results processing server  300 . The types of requests from a system user include, but are not limited to, programming and other content search requests, content download requests based on results of an earlier search, and administrative information requests. Requests for administrative information may be automatically generated by the user terminal  202  or may be manually initiated by the system user. When an administrative request is received, a request receiver and router  301  opens a dialog with a database administrator  502  (see  FIG. 10 ) within the system administrator  500 , retrieves the requested system user&#39;s administrative data, and routes the data through the communications server  250  to the user terminal  202 . Search requests and content download requests are routed to a search request processor  303  and a content download request processor  302 , respectively. The processors  302  and  303  open a dialog with the database administrator  502  and verify that the user&#39;s request is authorized. If the user&#39;s request is not authorized, the processor ( 302  or  303 ) sends a message to the user through the request receiver and router  301  and the communications server  250  informing the user that the request is denied. The processor ( 302  or  303 ) then logs the event with the system administrator  500 . If the request is authorized, the processor ( 302  or  303 ) formats the request as necessary and routes content download requests to the content acquisition server  400  and search requests to the search engine server  350 . 
         [0062]    For programming download requests, the content acquisition server  400  submits scheduling and availability information about the selected content to the database administrator  502  within the system administrator  500 , which in turn routes this scheduling and availability information to a scheduled program and content availability prompt and notification processor  306  within the request and results processing server  300 . The scheduled program and content availability prompt and notification processor  306  then initiates a form of prompt and/or notification to the user that the selected content is available at a particular time. This notification can be in various forms including, but not limited to, an on-screen pop-up window, audible notification, e-mail notification, instant message, and automated telephone notification. The exact form and timing of the prompt and/or notification may be customized by the user and may be based on whether the content is scheduled, continuously broadcast, stored, or available any time for download. In an embodiment, when a selected program is about to be broadcast or made available for viewing on television, a prompt will be sent by the server  300  notifying the user when the program is about to air. In the case of an on-screen prompt, a mechanism may be provided for enabling the user to hyperlink to the selected program from the prompt. For search requests, the search engine server  350  returns a data package to the request and results processing server  300  that contains scheduling, availability, and descriptive information about all content entries that have been determined to satisfy the search criteria. 
         [0063]    In addition to searching for content containing criteria entered by a system user, a content search suggestion engine  304 , in conjunction with the search engine server  350  will be able to suggest content to the user that is related in various ways, such as by category or theme. The content search suggestion engine  304  is shown in detail in  FIG. 6 . For example, if a user wishes to see programs about Titanic, the content search suggestion engine  304  may, in addition to suggesting programs about Titanic, suggest or inform the user of programs and other content such as electronic books about ships other than Titanic. Likewise, if the search criteria include Johnny Weismuller, an actor who starred in Tarzan movies, the content search suggestion engine  304  might suggest programs and other content about Tarzan featuring someone other than Johnny Weismuller. Furthermore, the content search suggestion engine  304  may suggest programs for viewing based on past search criteria entered by the user as well as information on content the user has actually downloaded. For example, if the search criteria includes Johnny Weismuller and the user has searched and/or downloaded numerous sports-related programming in the past, the content search suggestion engine  304  may suggest programming and other content including swimming competitions and sports history and biography programming as well as Tarzan movies and other content directly related to Johnny Weismuller such as the Jungle Patrol television series. If the user searched for and received Tarzan movies, the content search suggestion engine  304  might suggest electronic books by Edgar Rice Burroughs. Such electronic books could then be downloaded to the user terminal  202  using the wide area network/Intranet  205  bypassing the aggregator  201 , or could be compiled at the aggregator  201  for delivery to the user terminal  202 . Electronic book delivery systems are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,986,690, entitled “Electronic Book Selection and Delivery System,” to Hendricks, and in co-pending patent application Ser. No. 09/289,957, entitled “Electronic Book Alternative Delivery Systems,” and Ser. No. 09/289,956, entitled “Electronic Book Alternative Delivery Methods,” all of which are hereby incorporated by reference. 
         [0064]    During submission of a content search request, the user may have the option of disabling the return of suggested content results if desired. In order to retrieve results for suggested programming, the content search suggestion engine  304  analyzes a search request form  618  (see  FIGS. 18A-18C ) received from the user terminal  202 , and performs a search within a suggestion database  308  for additional search criteria to be used to find suggested content related in some way to the original search request results. These suggested search criteria are appended to the search request form  618  forming an augmented search request form  620  ( FIGS. 18A-18C ) when the search request form  618  is forwarded to the search engine server  350  in order for a suggested content list to be returned. U.S. Pat. No. 5,798,785 entitled “Terminal for Suggesting Programs Offered on a Television Program Delivery System,” and co-pending patent application Ser. No. 08/906,469, filed Aug. 5, 1997, entitled “Reprogrammable Terminal for Suggesting Programs Offered on a Television Program Delivery System,” both of which are hereby incorporated by reference, provide additional details on program suggestion. 
         [0065]    The suggestion database processor  307  (shown in  FIG. 6 ) conducts a search of the suggestion database  308  to find related search criteria to use to locate suggested content. The processor  307  also performs management functions for the other subsystems of the content search suggestion engine  304 . When prompted by the suggestion database processor  307 , the content metadata crawler  309  crawls, or intensively searches, the metadata in the aggregator local database  501  and passes a listing of all content metadata to the suggestion keyword indexer  310 , which indexes each metadata element and assigns each with a vector quantity that describes the metadata element as a suggestion keyword associated with a particular content entity. The indexer  310  then populates the suggestion database  308  with these indexed suggestion keywords, which are used by the suggestion database processor  307  along with historical data relevant to the user to supply a list of suggested search terms. The search terms are then added to the search request form  618  to create an augmented search request form that is returned to the search request processor  303  (see  FIG. 5 ). 
         [0066]    The search engine server  350 , shown in  FIG. 7 , receives the augmented search request form  620  and performs a search of the database of all known programming content, both local and remote, and builds a hierarchical list of results based on how well each result compared to the search criteria. The search engine server  350  contains a replicated content database  357  to be able to perform searches more efficiently and maintains a list of active searches to which new content listings are compared. Periodically, the search engine server  350  thoroughly searches, or crawls using a remote content crawler  356 , all available sources of programming and other content, retrieves all information about all content not previously logged into the system and enters that data into the aggregator local database  501  (see  FIG. 4 ). In an embodiment, the search engine server  350  may directly access remotely stored content and analyze and retrieve metadata from the stored digital files. 
         [0067]    In an embodiment, the aggregator local database  501  and the search engine server  350  reside on an array of distributed processing and storage devices in order to reduce database access time and perform searches in parallel on different sections of the database. In another embodiment, numerous aggregators  201  can be operated by various stakeholders such as cable television headend operators. These aggregators  201  will be capable of networking directly together using the wide area network/Internet  205 . Within this network of aggregators  201 , business models will support various relationships between operators such as a peer-to-peer network of content, advertising, and user sharing. The aggregator  201  software and hardware components may be of a modular nature in order to support various system architectures as well as be scalable and easily upgraded on a module or subsystem basis. 
         [0068]    Returning to  FIG. 5 , all search results, based on user search criteria and suggested search criteria, may be forwarded by the search engine server  350  and then to the search results form builder  305  within the request and results processing server  300 . The search results form builder  305  formats the results for transmission through the communications server  250  to the user terminal  202 . The search results form builder  305  takes prioritized lists of user search results and suggested search results and populates a search results form  674  (see  FIGS. 19A  and B) with programming, scheduling and availability information. The request and results processing server  300  then encrypts and forwards the search results form  674  through the communications server  250  to the user terminal  202 . At the user terminal  202 , the search results form  674  is decrypted and stored in the user local database  213  and a prompt is displayed that allows the user to display the returned results on the video display system  207  or the electronic book reader  230 . 
         [0069]    The search results can then be displayed on the user&#39;s video display system  207  in various formats including, but not limited to, a hierarchical listing based on relevance to search criteria and a display similar to an electronic program guide based on time of availability and content source. The user will be able to select from the various results display formats and have the results data be reformatted upon request. In an embodiment, the user may be able to select one of the search criteria or an attribute of the programming and the results will be sorted based on that selection. For example, if numerous program types are returned, the user can select “documentaries” and the results will be listed with documentary programs occurring first. The results display will also indicate whether a particular programming choice is a result of the user-defined search criteria or was a result of the system&#39;s capability to suggest content. The user will have the ability to display only results from the user search, only results from the suggested content search, or both. In an embodiment, the entire menu system can be implemented using audible prompts and lists in order to accommodate users with visual impairments. In such a scenario, input methods can be by voice recognition, tactile recognition such as a remote control equipped with a Braille character input pad, or a combination of these methods. 
         [0070]    As shown in  FIG. 4 , the network gateway  251  serves as the communications system between the aggregator  201  and the wide area network/Internet  205 , and hence the remote content server  204 . The network gateway  251  may support any protocol in widespread use for connection to the wide area network/Internet  205  and will serve as a security firewall between the aggregator  201  and the wide area network/Internet  205 . The network gateway  251  will route search and content download information from the aggregator  201  to the remote content server  204  and route search results and content from the remote content server  204  and other Internet sources back to the aggregator  201 . 
         [0071]    The content acquisition server  400 , as shown in detail in  FIG. 8 , receives content download requests from the request and results processing server  300 . The content acquisition server  400  includes a content request processor and router  401  and a remote content download processor  402 . A download request is made by the user for content selections from sources including, but not limited to, earlier programming searches, recurring scheduled events, an electronic program guide, lists of electronic books and computer software, advertisements, promotions, and affiliated Internet websites. In general, a download request will be accompanied by data indicating the source of the content and whether the content is local or remote. Requests for content that is available only from a remote site may be routed to the network gateway  251  and then to the appropriate remote source. Remote sources include, but are not limited to, the remote content storage  258  and  25  the remote streaming sources  259  shown in  FIG. 4 . The remote content server  204  verifies the request and returns the content through the wide area network/Internet  205 . If the programming content is in the appropriate format and is authorized for direct delivery to the user, the content may be routed through the wide area network/Internet  205  and the wide area distribution system  203  directly to the user terminal  202 . During this transfer, administrative data pertaining to billing and verification of delivery are sent back to the aggregator  201 . 
         [0072]    Programming that is not formatted and authorized for direct delivery from a remote source may be transmitted through the network gateway  251  to the remote content download processor  402  contained within the content acquisition server  400 . The remote content download processor  402  buffers or caches the programming content while managing the download connection to the remote source. The programming content is then routed to the decoder and content formatter  252 , which may be capable of decoding various industry formats and compression schemes and may reformat and encode the decoded data and associated metadata into one or more preferred content formats for delivery and for local storage. The processed programming content, along with user identification and routing data, is then routed to the content delivery server  450 , which then manages the delivery of the content through the communications server  250  and wide area distribution system  203  to the user terminal  202 . The content delivery server  450  is shown in detail in  FIG. 9 . 
         [0073]    Requests for programming available from a local source are routed directly to a local content request processor  451  within the content delivery server  450 . The local content request processor  451  initiates delivery of content from local sources including, but not limited to, the aggregator local storage  254  and aggregator local streaming sources  262 , and routes the content to the coder and content formatter  253 . In an embodiment, the local streaming sources  262  can include any of the cable television channels available at the cable television system headend  210  housing the aggregator  201 . If the programming content is not already in the user-requested format and coding scheme, the coder and content formatter  253  (see  FIG. 4 ) performs content formatting and coding of the programming for delivery to the user. The content is then forwarded to a content delivery processor  453 , which manages the delivery of the content through the communications server  250  and wide area distribution system  203  to the user terminal  202 . 
         [0074]    During the content acquisition and delivery process, the content delivery processor  453  oversees and validates that the delivered programming content matches the original content download request. This is done by receiving program and user metadata from the content acquisition server  400  through the local content request processor  451  and comparing the received data to the metadata of the actual requested content and the actual delivered content as received during the program request and download process. A confirmation is then logged with the system administrator  500 . In an embodiment, based on user information and content metadata, the content delivery processor  453  can command an advertisement processor  456  to insert specific advertising into certain programming content as it is delivered to a system user. The advertising can be retrieved from the aggregator local storage  254  or can already be resident at the user terminal  202 . Methods for targeting advertisements to users are described in co-pending patent application Ser. No. 09/054,419, entitled “Targeted Advertising Using Television Delivery Systems,” and Ser. No. 08/160,280, entitled “Method and Apparatus for Targeted Advertising,” both of which are hereby incorporated by reference. Confirmation of the programming delivery is also sent to the database administrator  502  for logging into the aggregator local database  501 . 
         [0075]    Similarly, if content is copyright protected and the user is granted certain rights and denied others for use of copyright protected content, the content delivery processor  453  can command a digital rights management processor  454  to implement a digital rights management (DRM) scheme. The DRM scheme controls how digital content is used, including, but not limited to, whether or not the content can be stored on the user terminal  202 , copied to another system, forwarded to another user, transferred to removable media, or translated into a different digital content format or coding scheme. The DRM scheme may be able to make use of digital encryption technology to enforce copyright protection if necessary. When this is the case, the digital rights management processor  454  will command the content delivery processor  453  to route the subject programming content along with encryption data to an encryption processor  455 . The encryption processor  455  encrypts the programming content and returns the content to the content delivery processor  453  for transmission to the end user. Under this type of scenario, the authorized user terminal  202  will possess the necessary information to decrypt and output the programming content. The user terminal  202  will also contain the necessary information to enforce any DRM scheme that has been applied to a particular piece of content. 
         [0076]    During the delivery of programming content other than broadcast programming over the concatenated cable television system  216 , the user terminal  202  continuously responds to the content delivery processor  453  identifying the user terminal  202 , verifying that the appropriate data is being delivered, and indicating that the delivery should continue. If the download is terminated by the user, the user terminal  202  informs the content delivery processor  453 , which then terminates the delivery. 
         [0077]    Upon successful delivery of the requested programming, the content delivery server  450  logs the results with a customer billing server  506  and content fee and copyright billing server  507  within the system administrator  500  (see  FIG. 10 ). The customer billing server  506  determines if the content delivery requires additional charges to the customer&#39;s account and enters this into the billing record and logs it with a database administrator  502 . 
         [0078]    In addition to tracking billing for system end-users, the content search, packaging, and delivery system  200  also manages payments of royalties and fees to providers of certain content. This is done by the content fee and copyright billing server  507 . The fee structure for payment for content to program providers is put into place between the system  200  and the programming content providers by a content provider registration server  505 . 
         [0079]    The system administrator  500  oversees the operations of the content search, packaging, and delivery system  200 . A system administration server  503  serves as the top-level management function for the system  200 . The system administration server  503  manages communications between the various subsystems of the aggregator  201  through a local area network and manages a list of authorized administration users to manage the system  200  through a set of system administration terminals  508 . A user registration server  504  manages the signup procedure for new users and the termination of user accounts. The user registration server  504  interfaces with the communications server  250  to present the user with appropriate screen menus and prompts to gather user information and billing data to setup an account. A variety of information is requested of the user including, but not limited to, name, address, age, gender, television viewing habits, members of household, and equipment owned. Some of the information that is not required for billing, such as gender and other members of household, can be omitted by the user as part of the system&#39;s policy of privacy protection. Once billing information has been verified, the user registration server  504  downloads the required software and database information for the new user terminal  202  in order to allow access to the content search, packaging, and delivery system  200 . During this process, the user registration server  504  exchanges information with the database administrator  502  to create the new user profile and billing account in an aggregator local database  501 . 
         [0080]    A database administrator  502 , shown in detail in  FIG. 11 , maintains the aggregator local database  501  and interfaces with the various components of the aggregator  201  that retrieve information from and store information to the aggregator local database  501 . The database administrator  502  controls several database servers. A group of individual databases maintained within the database administrator  502  constitutes the aggregator local database  501 . An administrative database server  509  maintains an aggregator administrative database  510 , which stores and processes information including, but not limited to, authorized system administrators, passwords, and administrator usage rights. The administrative database server  509  also governs replication of all databases to aggregator local storage  254  and backup of aggregator local storage  254  to the aggregator archives  255 . A user database server  511  maintains an aggregator user database  512 , which stores and processes information including, but not limited to, user account data, user profile information, user subscription services, user access rights, and past user search and download data (if authorized by the user). 
         [0081]    A content provider database server  513  maintains a content provider database  514 , which stores and processes information including, but not limited to, a roster of registered content providers and their administrative data, remote provider administrators and their passwords and access rights, and terms of agreements between providers and the operator of the particular aggregator  201 . A content database server  515  maintains an aggregator local content database  516 , an aggregator remote content database  517 , and an aggregator scheduled content database  518 . The aggregator local content database  516  stores and processes information including, but not limited to, the catalog of all content stored in the aggregator local storage  254  and all metadata associated with that content. The aggregator remote content database  517  stores and processes information including, but not limited to, the catalog of all content stored in each remote database  261  and all metadata associated with that content. The aggregator scheduled content database  518  stores and processes information including, but not limited to, scheduled broadcast programming content and scheduled streaming program content available to users, available live programming, recurring scheduled programming, and program schedule metadata information. 
         [0082]    The system user can initiate content search requests by entering several different types of search criteria using several different options of input device or method. Search criteria can be entered via keywords that relate to certain aspects of programming content including, but not limited to, subject, author, title, cast members or performers, director, and/or content description. A search can be based on program type or format including, but not limited to, movies, television series, documentaries, sports programs, talk radio, and music radio. The user may input search criteria based on subject categories including, but not limited to, action, drama, history, educational, juvenile, adult, current events, nature, live events, and music categories such as classical, jazz, rock, consumer affairs, political content, and geographically specific content. Search criteria can also be entered based on time of day, channel, and/or content provider. The user may also input free form questions using plain speech patterns. In any case, the different search criteria can be used separately or in conjunction with one another to refine a content search. An example might be the entry of “Titanic” as a keyword, “Documentary” for program type, and the free form question “What company built Titanic?”. 
         [0083]    The user can interact with the user terminal  202  to input search parameters using one or more of several user input devices  214  including, but not limited to, those shown in  FIG. 12 . The user input device  214  includes a keyboard  220 , a keypad  221 , a mouse or joystick  222 , a handheld computer  223 , a touch screen tablet  224 , a handheld remote control  225 , a user terminal voice recognition system  219 , an input device voice recognition system  226 , and an electronic book reader  230 . 
         [0084]    In an embodiment, keywords and free form question criteria can be entered with the keyboard  220  attached to the set top terminal  206  or the personal computer terminal  211  and content type and category criteria can be selected using the mouse or joystick  222 , which controls a cursor on the screen. In another embodiment, text for keywords and free form questions can be entered using the keypad  221 , which can be located on the set top terminal  206 , in the handheld remote control  225 , or in a dedicated wireless unit (not shown). The handheld remote control  225  may also incorporate a pointing control device or button to move a cursor on the screen and activate selections under said cursor and to navigate through a series of graphical user menus. In another embodiment, the handheld computer  223 , electronic book reader  230 , or the touchscreen tablet  224  can contain software programming enabling an input device to the user terminal  202  using an infrared or wireless link and allowing text input and on screen cursor and menu control. The handheld computer  223  refers to devices including, but not limited to, personal digital assistants, palm top computers, and multifunction devices such as wireless telephones and mobile Internet access devices capable of operating third party software. In yet another embodiment, voice recognition technology can be used to input text and to control onscreen navigation and selection functions. Voice recognition can be implemented by receiving and processing speech at the user terminal  202  through the user terminal voice recognition system  219 . In another embodiment, voice recognition can be implemented by receiving speech by a remote input device using the input device voice recognition system  226 . The input device would then convert the received speech to text and onscreen control commands and send those to the user terminal  202  using the infrared or wireless link. 
         [0085]    In order for the user terminal  202  to communicate with the various remote input devices, the user terminal  202  may be equipped with an infrared wireless transceiver  217  and/or a radio frequency wireless transceiver  218 . These systems will support various popular industry standards in use for device communication via infrared and radio frequency wireless links. 
         [0086]    The user can also input search criteria by making selections from a graphical user interface (GUI). In an embodiment, the user terminal  202  generates a content search GUI containing menus that allow the user to select and enter various search criteria. The user can select a criterion to be searched by delineating areas of a GUI. For example, the user can select a criterion to be searched by putting a check in a box associated with the criterion or by placing the cursor over a hyperlinked criterion description and hitting an activation button that then causes a submenu GUI to be displayed that shows selections to be made within that search criterion. (See Ser. No. 07/991,074, filed Dec. 9, 1992, entitled “Television Program Packaging and Delivery System with Menu Driven Subscriber Access”, hereby incorporated by reference, for additional detail on using cursor keys.) For example, the user might select from programs based on general themes including, but not limited to, categories of programs, actors and actresses, musical performers, day and time, and channel or content provider. If the viewer then selects categories of programs, a submenu containing different categories of programs such as sports, drama, comedy and romance will appear. If the user then selects sports, another lower level submenu will appear listing different sports. Each of the menus will include a choice to enter keywords or free form text in addition to the menu-selected search criteria. Once the user has sufficiently narrowed the search criteria, the search can be executed by selecting an option to submit the search. For privacy protection, during this process, an option on the GUI menus allows the user to prevent the set of search criteria from being included in a local user profile as well as the user profile resident at the aggregator  201 . If the user opts not to include a particular set of search criteria into the user profile, the search request will be tagged accordingly as it is processed through the system and when results are returned to the user, those results will also be omitted from the user profile, both locally and at the aggregator  201 . 
         [0087]    A process  600  for initiating a programming search request  600  is shown in  FIGS. 13A and 13B . The process  600  starts when the user activates the search menu (routine  601 ) using one of the input devices  214  described above. In display routine  602 , the user terminal  202  displays the top-level graphical user interface (GUI) search menu  603 . In input routine  604 , the user employs the user input devices  214  to navigate through the GUI search menu system and input various search criteria. During the search criteria input process, the user is also presented with the option to omit a particular search from being logged into the user&#39;s profile and the option to disable the return of suggested content based on the current search and prior searches recorded in the user&#39;s profile. When the user submits the search request, format routine  605  begins processing the search criteria in order to format the search criteria into a search request form  618 . 
         [0088]    The search request form  618  shown generally in  FIGS. 13A and 13B  and in more detail in  FIGS. 18A-18C  is an electronic form standardized within the content search, packaging, and delivery system  200 . The search request form  618  is populated with required user information and search criteria in order for the aggregator  201  to perform the search for relevant content. The search request form  618  contains data fields including, but not limited to: user identification, user authorization, password, digital rights management (DRM) information, user&#39;s encryption key if applicable, content format requirements, updates to the user&#39;s profile (if enabled by user), user network routing information, and the programming search criteria. The search criteria section of the search request form  618  will contain several hierarchical lists of criteria to accommodate the various types of search criteria that can be entered by the user. Search criteria entries include, but are not limited to, program type, content format, topic or subject, content description, date and time range, channel or content provider, and a list of keywords received from user input, and results derived from free form questions. 
         [0089]    If criteria are input as a free form question, routine  605  applies a search criteria algorithm to parse the question and transform the question into relevant search request form  618  contents. The sentence structure is analyzed and, based on order and relative positions of the words within natural language sentence structure, significant terms are categorized and entered into appropriate fields of the search request form  618 . In an embodiment, the search request processor  303  (see  FIG. 5 ) will access a lexicon of all known English language words, terms, and names in order to augment the search request form  618  with various forms of words found in free form questions. For example, if the question is “Who assassinated Abraham Lincoln?” the search request processor  303  will access the lexicon and return other forms of the word “assassinated” such as “assassinate”, “assassin”, and “assassination”. In another embodiment, other similar words will be added to the search criteria such as “kill” and “murder”. The search request processing algorithm can also designate additional search parameters based on the type of query words used in the free form entry. For example, a question such as “Where does the largest land mammal live?” will cause the search process to prioritize results containing geographical information within the content metadata and description. 
         [0090]    Once the search request form  618  has been formatted, routine  605  logs the search criteria into the user local database  213  associated with that particular user (if the search has not been selected for omission from the database). The search criteria may be kept as a part of the user&#39;s profile for suggesting content and for personalizing searches and advertising. The routine  605  then forwards the search request form  618  and matching routine  606  uses the search criteria within the search request form  618  to search the user local database  213  for matching or similar content that is stored in the user local storage  212 . If no matching or similar content is found locally, the routine  606  routes the search request form  618  to routine  613 . If the search yields matching or similar content that is available locally, the routine  606  routes the search request form  618  to routine  607 , which formats the results of the local database search into a local results form, which is then presented on the video display system  207  by display results routine  608 . Concurrently, the routine  607  forwards the search request form  618  to the routine  613 , which opens communications with the communications server  250  at the aggregator  201 , encrypts the search request form  618 , and forwards an encrypted search request form  619  to the request and results processing server  300 , which initiates processing of the search request represented by processing routine  650  as shown in  FIG. 14A . 
         [0091]    Once the encrypted search request form  619  has been sent to the aggregator  201 , polling routine  614  initiates a periodic poll of the results inbox at the user terminal  202 . When results are returned by the aggregator  201  in the form of a search results form  674  (see  FIGS. 19A  and B for a detailed structure of the search results form  674 ), the search results form  674  is delivered to the results inbox and a subsequent poll will initiate the display of the results to the user. After the periodic poll is started, the user terminal  202  prompts the user to perform another search (routine  615 ). If the user responds “yes,” the routine  615  routes the process flow back to the display routine  602 , which again displays the search GUI menus  603 . If the user chooses not to perform another search, processing moves to the routine  616 , which resumes playout or display of programming that was in process when the search was first initiated. Execution of routine  617  results in a display of a small icon or window in a small portion of the video display indicating that the search is in progress. This icon is referred to as the “Performing Search” bug. If the local search found content and displayed the local search results to the user, the user inputs a selection using routine  609 . If the user chooses not to view any of the local results, routine  610  routes processing to the routine  616 . If the user chooses to playback programming from the local results, the chosen selection is retrieved by retrieval routine  611  from user local storage  212  and played back by playout routine  612  through the video display system  207  and/or the audio playout system  208 . The routine  612  also displays the Performing Search bug on the display screen. The Performing Search bug may have an option to hide the icon, therefore removing the icon from the display. 
         [0092]      FIGS. 14A and 14B  show a flowchart for processing programming search requests and results  650 . In a first stage, the encrypted search request form  619  is received from the programming search request initiation process  600 , decrypted, and routed to the request and results processing server  300  (routine  651 ). Log routine  652  performs a call to the aggregator local database  501  to log the current request into the user&#39;s profile. If the user has indicated that the current search shall not be included into the user&#39;s profile, only administrative data pertaining to the search are recorded. Recorded information includes, but is not limited to, updates to the user profile (if enabled), changes to the user terminal  202  architecture, additional user identities, deleted user identities, and increments to the search counter for tracking and billing. Routine  653  also performs a call on the database to retrieve user identification and profile information. Routine  654  uses the user data in the search request form  618  and the information retrieved from the aggregator local database  501  to verify that the user is authorized to perform the particular search. A search can be designated as unauthorized under certain conditions including, but not limited to, if the user searches for specifically tiered channels that the user&#39;s account cannot access such as premium pay movies, if adult material or channels are designated in the search and the user is identified as being restricted from such access, or if the user&#39;s billing status is not in good standing but the account has not yet been terminated. If the search is deemed unauthorized, routine  655  notifies the user terminal  202  that the search request has been denied. The user terminal  202  displays the search request denial message along with any other relevant data such as the reason for denial. The process  650  then stops (routine  656 ). 
         [0093]    If the user is authorized for the particular search, the search request form  618  is forwarded. In an embodiment, filter routine  657  filters the request based on the user&#39;s profile. In another embodiment, this filtering occurs within the user terminal  202  prior to the search request form  618  being sent to the aggregator  201 . The filtering process narrows the range of sources that will be searched by eliminating types of content or content providers based on the user&#39;s preferences. For example, the user may designate that no children&#39;s programming or sources be returned in the search results. In this case, the routine  657  appends the search request form  618  to indicate that such programming and sources should not be included in the programming search. This not only allows the user to more finely tailor the search, but also allows the aggregator  201  to perform quicker and more efficient searches by reducing the range of sources and records that will be searched. 
         [0094]    The routine  657  then routes the search request form  618  to the content search suggestion engine  304  (see  FIG. 6 ), which uses the information in the search criteria and user profile to create a list of suggested search criteria. In an embodiment, the content search suggestion engine  304 , maintains an indexed database of suggestion keywords in the suggestion database  308 . The relevance of a given search keyword, which is obtained from the user&#39;s search request form  618 , to a suggestion keyword is determined in vector difference routine  658  by calculating a vector quantity difference between the search keyword and indexed suggestion keywords. The vector quantity may be a measure of similarity between two words that is calculated by determining relative values of several categorical descriptions of each word including word type, part of speech of each word, and relative locations or linkage in a thesaurus. Suggestion keywords that fall within a predetermined range of relevance, i.e., that have vector quantities below a certain limit, are collected in execution of the routine  658  by the suggestion database processor  307 . The routine  659  then weights, or ranks, the list of suggestion keywords based on information retrieved from the user&#39;s profile concerning earlier search and download requests. The suggestion database processor  307  then adds these suggested search criteria to the search request form  618  in routine  660 , creating an augmented search request form, which is forwarded to the search engine server  350  by (routine  661 ). 
         [0095]    To create and maintain the indexed suggestion database  308 , the content metadata crawler  309  periodically crawls the content metadata entries of all listed content and programming in the aggregator local database  501  and retrieves all descriptive data for each entry. Crawling is a thorough scan and retrieval of all data pertaining to each content item that is listed in the content database server  515 , which includes information about all registered content and information about programming that has been retrieved by crawling sources of content. The suggestion keyword indexer  310  then associates a unique numerical value to each term and enters this into the suggestion database  308  as indexed suggestion keywords. The index indicates the proximity of terms to one another within the metadata. This proximity within the metadata is then used by the suggestion database processor  307  to determine the vector relevance of suggestion keywords to search keywords and select a range of suggestion keywords to add to the search request form  618 . See The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine, Sergey Brin and Lawrence Page; Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif. 94305, USA, hereby incorporated by reference, for more detail about crawling of websites, indexing terms, and ranking of search results. 
         [0096]    Using the example of Johnny Weismuller, the content metadata crawler  309  crawls the database and returns numerous descriptions of Tarzan movies and other content and collects data including, but not limited to, co-stars, directors, settings, authors, and plot lines or subjects. The suggestion keyword indexer  310  indexes Johnny Weismuller and all other information found and assigns a vector relevance based on type of information and proximity. Then other significant terms, such as Africa as the story setting, are then crawled and the process is repeated to populate the suggestion engine database. When a user searches for Johnny Weismuller, the suggestion database processor  307  returns an augmented search request form that contains suggested search criteria that will return related results such as other movies produced during that time period set in Africa, other movies based on stories by Edgar Rice Burroughs, novels by Edgar Rice Burroughs, and other movies with similar plot lines such as a child being isolated in the wilderness left to fend for itself while growing up. Search results returned based on suggested search criteria are labeled as such as they are processed by the search engine server  350 . 
         [0097]    In an embodiment, the search request processor  303  maintains a lexicon of all known English language words, terms, and names and will augment the search request form  618  with variations of words listed as keywords. For example, if the search request form  618  contains “sink” and “Titanic,” other forms of the word “sink” will be added to the search criteria such as “sunk” and “sinking” while ignoring the alternate definition of “water basin.” In yet another embodiment, the search request processor  303  also maintains lexicons for chosen non-English languages and will have the capability to perform language translation of search criteria for augmentation of the search request form  618 . 
         [0098]    The search engine server  350 , as shown in  FIG. 7 , contains the subsystems necessary to perform searches of all available content, process the search results, and crawl remote content sources. A search is initiated when the request and results processing server  300  forwards an augmented search request form to the search engine processor  351  represented by routine  661  in  FIG. 14A . In routine  662 , the search engine processor  351  uses the criteria within the augmented search request form to perform a search for matching data within the replicated content database  357 . The replicated content database  357  is a copy of the contents of the content database server  515  within the system administrator  500 . The replicated content database  357  is periodically updated by the system administrator  500  and is maintained within the search engine processor  351  to allow quicker and more efficient return of search results. The search engine processor  351  uses retrieval routine  663  to retrieve a programming list for which any of the search criteria appeared in the content metadata. The programming list is forwarded to the search results processor  355 , which, in routine  664 , compares the relevancy of each returned result to the search criteria and ranks the results based on strength of the match using information including, but not limited to, key words, subject, content type, content category, author, and cast members. Relevancy and strength of match are determined by the number and type of matching criteria as well as the user&#39;s profile data such as preferred content providers and past download requests. If the user is searching for movies about Titanic, then movies with “Titanic” in the description will be ranked higher than documentaries about Titanic. In an embodiment, the search results processor  355  will also take into account such information as how many other users have downloaded the program and whether the program has received positive critical reviews and will improve the ranking of more popular and well reviewed programs. Therefore, for a search of content type “movie” and keyword “Titanic” the search engine server  350  would return the 1997 Academy Award winning movie Titanic as the top ranked content match. The second ranked result would likely be the audio soundtrack from the same film. 
         [0099]    The search engine server  350  also crawls remote content sources in order to maintain an up-to-date listing of content available from independent providers that are not registered with the content search, packaging, and delivery system  200 . The crawling is done by periodically searching sources of content using the wide area network/Internet  205  and returning available metadata about content that is not already listed in the aggregator local database  501  and adding these listings to the database  501 . Subsequent replication of the content database to the search engine server  350  will include these updated listings. 
         [0100]    Another function performed by the search engine processor  351  is maintaining a list of active searches. If a user&#39;s search request did not yield satisfactory results, or if the user wishes to receive future results based on a particular set of search criteria, the user can request that a particular search request remain active for a certain period or indefinitely. When this option is exercised, the user terminal  202  sends a message to the request and results processing server  300 , which instructs the search engine processor  351  to keep the search active. When there are changes to the replicated content database  357 , a delta report that describes content entries that have been changed and/or added to the database is sent to the search engine processor  351 . The search engine processor  351  compares the data in the delta report to all active searches and generates a results list for any active search that matches new or changed content entries. The results are then forwarded to the request and results processing server  300  for routing to the respective system user. 
         [0101]    Once the search engine processor  351  has ranked the search results, these results are sent to the search results form builder  305  (routine  665  in  FIG. 14B ). Routine  667  separates the results based on whether the results are in response to user defined search criteria or suggested criteria. Routine  668  reads the metadata of each result listing and enters the metadata into the data fields of a structured search results form  674 . The search results form  674  shown in  FIG. 19  contains data fields including, but not limited to, program title, scheduled time of availability, content provider or channel, program type, category, running time, production date, critical reviews or links to reviews, data concerning frequency and number of downloads by other users, target audience or content rating, and the general description including program description, plot line, and cast. The system  200  then accesses the user&#39;s profile and determines if based on user information, account type, and search type whether advertising is to be incorporated into the display of the search results. If so, select advertising routine  669  (see  FIG. 14B ) determines what targeted and general advertising is to be sent and retrieves from the aggregator local database  501  the advertisements that have not previously been sent to the user and stored in the user terminal  202  for playout. These advertisements are bundled with the search results form  674  and log results routine  670  logs the results form and which advertisements were chosen into the user&#39;s profile in the aggregator local database  501 . The routine  670  then routes the advertisements and the search results form  674  through the communications server  250  to the user terminal  202 , which stores and displays the results (display routine  700 ). 
         [0102]    Based on the content search, the user terminal  202  receives the search results form  674  from the communications server  250 .  FIGS. 15A and 15B  show a display programming search results process  700  with the search results fornl  674  being decrypted and routed to the results processing task internal to the user terminal processor  227 , routine  701 . The following tasks are all carried out by separate software and/or firmware modules that are subsystems of the user terminal processor  227 . In storage routine  702 , the processor  227  stores the search results form  674  in the user local database  213  with a logical link to, or association with, the search request form  618  that generated the search results. At the same time, if advertisements are sent to the user terminal  202  by the aggregator  201  for display with the results, the routine  702  saves the files to the user local storage  212 . After receipt of the search request form  618 , routine  703  displays a prompt and/or activates an audible notification that the results of a particular search have been received. Based on a user response to the prompt, routine  704  determines if the results should be displayed at that time. If the user does not wish to display the results at that time, routine  705  informs the user via the audio/visual playout systems  208 / 207  that the results have been stored for later display. The content displayed on the playout systems ( 208 / 207 ) is then returned to whatever content was previously being presented, routine  706 . The user terminal processor  227  then stops processing of the results, routine  707 . 
         [0103]    If the user wishes to view the search results when prompted, translation routine  708  translates the search results form  674  into the default display format. The default display format can be customized by the user either by manipulating the display and saving the display as the default user format, or accessing and altering a default display template. At anytime, the user can revert to the system default format, which may list the program results in ranked order and may display program attributes including, but not limited to, title, program availability, program schedule, content provider or channel, content type, description, program rating, and options for download. In an embodiment, the default results display includes two sections displayed on-screen with one section displaying results that match the user&#39;s search criteria and the second section displaying suggested results based on criteria generated earlier in the process by the content search suggestion engine  304 . In another embodiment, one or more sections of the display screen may be dedicated to static or dynamic advertising. In yet another embodiment, the advertisements may serve as hyperlinks to more information about a product or service, or directly to advertised content. 
         [0104]    The search results display may be in the form of a GUI that will incorporate, in different sections of the display, various user options including, but not limited to, download and view a particular program, download program and save to user local storage  212  for later viewing, re-order results based on a particular attribute such as program type or content provider, modify or refine search, quit results display, and view other available GUIs. Routine  710  determines if the user wishes to display additional information about a certain content listing based on user input and display routine  711  displays the full content description and selected metadata for the selected content. When the user is finished reviewing the additional information, display is returned to the last screen to have been displayed (routine  711 ). Routine  712  executes when the user enters a request into the system  200  to download selected content from the results display. Once the request is entered, storage routine  713  stores the selection information in the user profile section of the user local database  213  and passes control to routine  714 . Routine  714  then performs three actions: 1) it displays that the download request is being processed; 2) prompts the user to select another content listing for download; and 3) routes the first download request to format routine  715 , which formats the content download request form  716  along with appropriate user information for transmission to the aggregator  201 . The program download request form  716  is then encrypted and sent over the wide area distribution system  203  to the communications server  250 . 
         [0105]    Routine  717  monitors the user input and if the user elects to download more programming, the routine  717  returns control to the display routine  709 , which once again displays the search results at the video display system  207 . If the user does not wish to download more programming, the routine  717  routes control to routine  718 , which determines from the user input if the user wants to view other on-screen GUI options. If the user elects to view other on-screen GUI options, display routine  719  displays a status message that the search results have been saved locally and routine  725  starts the process to display other system GUIs. If the user does not wish to view other GUIs, the routine  718  routes control to the routine  705 , which resumes the programming playout that was interrupted for the preceding processes. 
         [0106]      FIGS. 16A and 16B  show a flowchart showing the processing content download requests process  750 . Once the user terminal  202  has initiated transmission of a download request, the content download request form  716  is received by the communications server  250  and routed to the request and results processing server  300  (routine  751 ). Within the request and results processing server  300 , log routine block  752 , the request receiver and router  301  logs the download request with the database administrator  502  in the system administrator  500 , entering the data as part of the user&#39;s profile. In routine  753 , the system administrator  500  retrieves information from the user&#39;s profile pertaining to the user&#39;s rights to download certain content and execution of routine  754  compares the user data and the content download request in order to verify that the user is authorized to download the requested content. If the user is not authorized to download the requested information, the system administrator  500 , in routine  755 , sends a message through the request receiver and router  301  to the communications server  250  addressed to the user, informing the user that the request has been denied. The event is then logged with the system administrator  500 . Then the process stops, routine  756 . 
         [0107]    If the content download request is authorized, execution of the routine  757  encrypts and routes an authorized download request form  758  to the content acquisition server  400 . Routine  759  then analyzes the metadata associated with the requested content and calls on the aggregator local database  501  to retrieve appropriate data to verify that the content is referenced properly within the request and is still available for download from the indicated storage location or streaming source. Routine  760  then determines if the requested content is to be delivered from a local source or a remote source. If the content is available locally, processing moves to routine  761 , which designates the request as an authorized local download request form  769  and routes the request to the content delivery server  450  for fulfillment of the download request, process  800 . 
         [0108]    If the requested content is only available from a remote source, the routine  760  routes the request to routine  762 , which routes the request through the network gateway  251  to the remote content server  204  designated in the aggregator remote content database  517 . The remote content server  204  then verifies, using routine  763 , that the request is authorized and that the content is still available for delivery. If the content is authorized and available, then routine  763  returns what is now an authorized remote download request form  768  through the network gateway  251  to the content delivery server  450  for fulfillment of the download request, process  800 . If the request is not authorized, or if the content is no longer available for download, routine  764  sends notification to that effect through the network gateway  251  to the system administrator  500  in the aggregator  201 . In routine  765 , the system administrator  500  logs the status of the request and the requested programming in the aggregator local database  501  and the remote content server  204  logs the same information in the remote server database  260 . The aggregator  201  then sends a notification, routine  766 , to the user informing the user that the request cannot be fulfilled and the reason. The process then terminates with routine  767 . 
         [0109]    Once a download request has been processed and authorized, the download request is forwarded to the content delivery server  450 , which fulfills delivery of the content using the content delivery process  800  shown in  FIGS. 17A, 17B and 17C . As an authorized remote download request form  768  or an authorized local download request form  769  is received, the content delivery server  450  determines, routine  801 , if the request is local or remote, and routes the request form appropriately (routine  802  for a remote request and routine  819  for a local request). 
         [0110]    If the request is to be fulfilled remotely, execution of the routine  802  transmits a message to the remote content server  204  to begin delivery of the programming content. In routine  803 , the download request is analyzed and the remote content server  204  determines if the content can be delivered directly to the user without going back through the aggregator  201 . 
         [0111]    If the content is not designated for delivery directly to the user, routine  804  is executed, which establishes a communications link with the content acquisition server  400  through the network gateway  251  and starts transmitting the requested programming. In the case of programming that is airing in real-time, the programming can be in the form of an audio/video stream from various remote streaming sources  259 . Non-real-time programming can be in the form of compressed audio/video files delivered from remote content storage  258 . When the content delivery process commences, execution of routine  806  initiates a process in the system administrator  500  that analyzes the content metadata and determines if the programming should be stored at the aggregator local storage  254 . The system administrator  500  may determine to store a particular program locally based on reasons including, but not limited to, the program being a live event such as a sports event or a musical concert that will likely be requested for download in the future. Alternatively, the programming is not stored locally and the current request represents a predetermined number of users that have requested the content requiring remote delivery. 
         [0112]    If the programming being delivered from a remote content server  204  will be stored to the aggregator local storage  254 , the programming metadata is analyzed (routine  807 ) to determine if the content is in an acceptable format for local storage. The aggregator  201  may be configured to store content in one or more specific formats that will balance the highest quality of programming content to be delivered to the users versus available storage space. In an embodiment, one or more of the selected storage formats will make the most efficient use of the aggregator local storage  254  resources as well as support high-speed delivery to system users. If the content is determined to meet the format requirements for local storage, processing passes on to routine  81   0 . If the content does not meet the format requirements, the content stream and/or files are routed to the decoder and content formatter  252 , routine  808 . At routine  809 , the decoder and content formatter  252  decodes the incoming data and may extract digital and/or analog data representing the content and its metadata. The decoder and content formatter  252  then reformats the content into the required formats and coding schemes for local storage. Upon execution of storage routine  810 , the properly formatted programming content is stored to the aggregator local storage  254 . The process and the new location of the content is then logged into the aggregator local database  501 . 
         [0113]    Whether or not the content was stored locally, routine  811  analyzes the programming content&#39;s metadata and determines if the content is in the appropriate format and coding scheme for delivery to the user. The format and coding scheme for delivery may be different from that used for local storage in order to accommodate particular parameters of a user&#39;s download request. The user may request specific formats and coding schemes due to considerations including, but not limited to, the method of playback, the type of programming, whether the user intends to store the content, or the type and bandwidth of the connection the user terminal  202  has to the aggregator  201  or the remote content server  204 . If the content is determined to meet the format requirements for delivery to the user, processing moves to routine  814 . If the content does not meet the format criteria, the content stream and/or files are routed to the decoder and content formatter  252  by (routine  812 ) along with the required formatting and coding parameters. At routine  813 , the decoder and content formatter  252  decodes the incoming data and may extract digital and/or analog data representing the content and its metadata. The decoder and content formatter  252  then reformats the content into the required formats and coding schemes for delivery to the user. Processing then moves to routine  823  for delivery, which is discussed below when that processing path becomes common to both remote and local content delivery. 
         [0114]    Returning to block  803  in  FIG. 17  A, if the programming content is designated for direct delivery to the user&#39;s terminal, the remote content server  204  establishes a communications link with the user terminal  202  (routine  815 ) and delivers the content files or streams the broadcast program directly to the user terminal  202  (routine  816 ). After the completed delivery is validated during routine  816 , routine  817  logs the delivery fulfillment in the remote server database  260  and notifies the content acquisition server  400  at the aggregator  201  that the requested programming content has been successfully delivered to the user. Processing is then moved to the system administrator  500  (routine  826 ), which is discussed below, when that processing path becomes common to each delivery type. 
         [0115]    If the programming download request is to be fulfilled by the local aggregator  201 , execution of the routine  801  passes processing to routine  819  in the local content request processor  451  of the content delivery server  450 , which analyzes the programming content&#39;s metadata and determines if the content is in the appropriate format and coding scheme for delivery to the user. If the content is determined to meet the format requirements for delivery to the user, processing moves to routine  822 . If the format and coding scheme is not correct, execution of the routine  820  retrieves the programming content from the aggregator local storage  254  or the appropriate local streaming sources  262  and routes the programming to the decoder and content formatter  252  along with the required formatting and coding parameters. In routine  821 , the decoder and content formatter  252  decodes the incoming data and may extract digital and/or analog data representing the content and its metadata. The decoder and content formatter  252  then reformats the content into the required formats and coding schemes for delivery to the user. Execution of routine  822  takes the correctly coded and formatted programming content file(s) and/or streams, whether directly from local sources or from the decoder and content formatter  252 , and routes this content to the content delivery server  450 . 
         [0116]    Whether the programming content is being delivered by the local aggregator  201  from a remote source or a local source, upon execution of routine  823 , the content delivery server  450  analyzes the user&#39;s profile information and the content metadata and, if applicable, instructs the digital rights management processor  454  to apply the appropriate DRM scheme to the content delivery. If the DRM scheme involves encrypting the programming content for delivery, the programming content is routed to the encryption processor  455 , which processes the digital content data through an encryption algorithm using the appropriate user encryption key and routes the encrypted data back to the content delivery server  450 . 
         [0117]    The content delivery server  450  then analyzes the metadata and user information, routine  824  and, if applicable, instructs the advertisement processor  456  to incorporate any advertising into the delivery that is appropriate. The advertising is then retrieved from the aggregator local database  501  and packaged with the programming content delivery. In an embodiment, the advertisement processor  456  may have already delivered particular advertising to the user terminal  202  for storage, and having determined this from the user data, may insert a placeholder for an advertisement that will instruct the user terminal  202  to retrieve and display the advertisement at the appropriate time. 
         [0118]    Upon execution of routine  825 , the content delivery server  450  instructs the communications server  250  to establish a communications link with the user terminal  202  through the wide area distribution system  203 , initiating a content reception process  850 . The content delivery processor  453  delivers the content to the user terminal  202  (routine  826 ) through the communications server  250  and wide area distribution system  203 . Execution of routine  827  verifies the correct delivery of the programming content to the user, and when the delivery is complete, logs the successful delivery with the system administrator  500 . The delivery of content may be done in real-time in the case of broadcast programs and live or scheduled program streams or can be done in non-real-time where the content is delivered at a rate higher than that required for real-time viewing and is stored by the user terminal  202  for playback at a time chosen by the user. (See DAVIC 1.5 Specifications, TV Anytime and TV Anywhere, Revision 6.0; copyright Digital Audio-Visual Council (DAVIC), hereby incorporated by reference, for more detail about concurrent viewing and storing, non-linear playback, non-real-time delivery, and content storage and management.) 
         [0119]    Whether the programming was delivered by the local aggregator  201  or by a remote content server  204 , processing moves to routine  828  in the system administrator  500 , which analyzes the user profile and the content metadata to determine whether the user will be billed or if the content provider is due a fee for the content delivery. If no bills are due, processing ends, routine  829 . If billing or fees are applicable, routine  830  routes user informATIon, appropriate content metadata, and content provider information to the system administrator  500 , which enters this data into the billing process represented by routine  900 . 
         [0120]    Prior to content delivery, the programming content may be processed by the coder and content formatter  253  if required to deliver the content in an appropriate digital coding scheme, compression, and content format to the user. The coder and content formatter  253  employs digital compression techniques to increase existing transmission capacity. A number of digital compression algorithms currently exist or may be developed in the future that can achieve the resultant increase in capacity and improved signal quality desired for the system  200 . The algorithms generally use one or more of three basic digital compression techniques: (1) within-frame (intraframe) compression, (2) frame-to-frame (interframe) compression, and (3) within carrier compression. The coder and content formatter  253  of the content search, packaging, and delivery system  200  will be able to use any of these techniques in addition to being able to have its capabilities modularly expanded to include any emerging and future techniques that are determined to be desirable. 
         [0121]    In an embodiment, although a single digital compression standard may be used for the delivery system  200 , different levels of compression can be utilized when delivering programs to a user requesting a particular program. For example, if the program is sent out using an HDTV format, then less compression is used as opposed to sending out the program using a standard video format. The reason is that the HDTV format requires more digital data per portion of content. Since the HDTV format requires more digital data, it will also require more bandwidth to transmit, possibly increasing the cost of delivery. Therefore, the quality of the video delivered may be a variable in the fees charged to users of the system  200 . 
         [0122]    Since programming content can be delivered in more than one way, the user may also consume the programming in more than one way. Audio/Video Content can be viewed and/or listened to concurrently with the delivery in the case of a broadcast delivery over the cable television system as well as during an Internet delivery of a data stream or file that contains the programming. The user can also store the content as the content is delivered, whether or not the user consumes the content during the delivery, allowing for non-linear playback of content at the user terminal  202  either during delivery or at a later time. Non-linear playback refers to the ability of a user to stop, start, pause, rewind, slowdown, and speedup the playout of a piece of video or audio content. In an embodiment, programming is delivered from the system  200  in less time that it would take to consume the programming and is saved in user local storage  212  for use at any time thereafter. In the case of a real-time broadcast, the storage method may be onto magnetic tape using an audio/video recording 
         [0123]    system  209  such as a video cassette recorder, or into user local storage  212  as a digital file such as onto a computer hard disk drive or other digital data storage medium. Once the user has numerous programs stored in the user local storage  212 , the user terminal  202  will provide the ability for the user to manage content storage and organization through a series of simple GUIs approximating an audio-video library collection. Storage management may also be automated using either user-defined or pre-set rules, or both. (See DAVIC 1.5 Specifications, TV Anytime and TV Anywhere, Revision 6.0; copyright Digital Audio-Visual Council (DA VIC), hereby incorporated by reference, for more detail about concurrent viewing and storing, non-linear playback, non-real-time delivery, and content storage and management.) 
         [0124]    In an embodiment, the user terminal  202 , whether is comprised of a set top terminal  206 , a personal computer terminal  211 , or some combination thereof, is integrated into a home network  229  serving the user&#39;s home. This will enable the consumption of programming content at numerous nodes in the home which may consist of auxiliary user terminals and/or personal computers with various combinations of video display system  207 , audio playout system  208 , and audio/video recording system  209 . The primary user terminal  202  can route programming search and download requests from other network nodes and route subsequent downloaded programming to the requesting node either an a baseband video network or a digital data network such as an Ethernet network. Auxiliary nodes may also have a combination of user input devices  214  to control the system and initiate programming requests and downloads. In an embodiment, a handheld remote control  225  using wireless radio frequency transmission may control the primary user terminal  202  from a remote location to deliver programming to a remote video display system  207 . 
         [0125]    The search, packaging, and delivery system  200  may be a revenue generating system for its operators and for registered content providers. In addition to revenue that can be generated from various advertising schemes within the system  200 , the system  200  may optionally support a customer-billing model in which users can be billed in different ways. Customer billing schemes include, but are not limited to, term fees for basic services, i.e., monthly billing; subscriptions to various service packages; fees per content download; and total quantity of downloaded material for a given time period. The customer billing server  506  within the system administrator  500  may track services rendered, maintain a user billing account, and track user payments for services. In addition, authorization levels can be set to prevent unauthorized usage. In an embodiment, a single account can have multiple users with different levels of authorization and content access rights. An example is a large family with a single account with each family member having a user profile and attendant usage rights. These usage rights will be administered by the primary user of the account, typically the head of the household. 
         [0126]    In order to provide high quality programming content to the user, many of the content providers will be entitled to fees for access to premium content, especially copyrighted content. These fees will be tracked by the content fee and copyright billing server  507  within the system administrator  500 . Content providers will be able to register with the  200  using software hosted by the content provider registration server  505  within the system administrator  500 . The registration software may collect all relevant data about the content provider and the content provider&#39;s proposed content to be made available to users. Using a pre-existing fee table, the provider may be informed of the fees to be made available for the various programming content to be provided. In addition, fees for sufficiently unique content may be negotiated outside the automated registration process. In an embodiment, the content fee and copyright billing server  507  may initiate compensation to content providers at scheduled intervals based on the distribution of content for the prior period. 
         [0127]    Part of the registration may include furnishing the content provider with software tools to assist in populating the appropriate metadata fields for new content. For example, an original television show may need to have its program type, description, cast, and other information entered into the metadata database in a manner consistent with that in use by the aggregator  201 . In an embodiment, the content provider registration server  505  will run various algorithms to collect this information automatically from differing content providers&#39; databases. In another preferred embodiment, the automatic collection may be augmented by a series of prompt screens for the content provider to manually input the data into the system. 
         [0128]    During content registration, and at any time that additional content is made available by the content provider, the content provider can use the content provider registration server  505  services to designate usage rights for programming content. These rights can be assigned to individual pieces of content or to groups or classes of content. Usage rights define how a specific user, or tier of users, can use the digital content when it is delivered to the user terminal  202 . The defined usage rights for content are then incorporated into the digital rights management (DRM) scheme that is applied to the content by the content delivery server  450  and may require encryption as part of a secure delivery process. Usage rights either prevent or enable a user to perform certain actions with the digital programming content including, but not limited to, whether content can be recorded or stored, whether the user can make copies of stored content and onto what types of media, whether the content can be played back a finite number of times or indefinitely, whether the content can be spliced, edited, or imported into another digital processing environment, and whether the content can be exported from the system for distribution to a third party. 
         [0129]    When content is downloaded to a user, the content delivery server  450  logs the delivery with the database administrator  502 , the customer billing server  506 , and the content fee and copyright billing server  507 . The database administrator  502  incorporates the information into the user profile and the billing servers determine if the user will be charged a fee for the particular content and whether the provider is entitled to a fee for the content. 
         [0130]    Users will be able to register with the system  200  using software hosted by the user registration server  504  within the system administrator  500 . The user registration software will allow the user to perform numerous tasks including, but not limited to, set up the user&#39;s account, choose a billing scheme, select premium content tiers, enter user profile information and preferences, set up multiple user profiles and administer usage rights. At any time in the future, the user can access data that is collected for the user profile and can review and revise user data, opt out of or terminate data collection, request deletion of user data, and review how this data is being used by the system  200 .