Abstract:
A method for creating a maintenance release (MR) record containing operational status information for a mobile platform. The method may involve electronically accessing a database to acquire operational items relating to operational worthiness of the mobile platform, displaying the selected operational items to the user; and performing a synchronization check of the database system. The synchronization check verifies that the selected operational items represent the most recently stored information in the database system.

Description:
FIELD 
       [0001]    The present disclosure relates to systems and methods involving the creation and presentation of operational worthiness information for mobile platforms, and more particularly to a system and method for acquiring and presenting operational worthiness information from one or more electronic databases or devices for evaluation by an individual prior to operation of the mobile platform. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art. 
         [0003]    The Maintenance Release (MR) is an important step in the operational cycle of aircraft flights and intervening maintenance periods on the ground. The MR documents the airworthiness status of the aircraft and identifies any restrictions that the flight crew operating the aircraft must adhere to. The MR is also a legal statement (defined by aviation regulatory agencies) with restrictions on whom and under what conditions a MR can be created or issued. Typically only a licensed aviation mechanic is allowed to document a MR and at the time of release any aircraft defects must either be corrected or deferred according to the rules governed by the “Minimum Equipment List” or other approved aviation procedures. 
         [0004]    Assessment of airworthiness status today is typically left up to the releasing line mechanic who will be reviewing paper logbook systems in an attempt to completely assess various items that must be considered and documented prior to releasing the aircraft to the flight crew of the aircraft. Such items may include the status of any open defect reports, for example, are they closed or deferred, for defects related to the airworthiness of the aircraft only (i.e., not cabin &amp; passenger service related defects). The releasing line mechanic will also be reviewing the expiration status of any previously entered deferrals, whether they are operational time or cycle limited and/or calendar day based expiration deferrals. The releasing line mechanic will also be reviewing the operational restrictions associated with any active deferrals, and the completion status of any service checks required for the upcoming flight mission. 
         [0005]    The continuous monitoring of the technical status of an aircraft is typically left to ground based maintenance history &amp; planning systems. However, these systems may not always receive timely inputs from aircraft logbook systems, which are often paper based, to accurately reflect the operational defects, corrective actions and/or deferrals that need to be fully considered during the maintenance release process. 
         [0006]    Human assessment of the airworthiness status of aircraft also can be a time consuming review process when paper-based logbook systems must be reviewed. Nevertheless, such detailed information concerning all maintenance, fault and operational restrictions on the aircraft needs to be fully considered by an individual responsible for creating the MR record. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0007]    In one aspect the present disclosure relates to a method for creating a maintenance release (MR) record containing operational status information for a mobile platform. The method may comprise: 
         [0008]    allowing a user to specify a quantity of release information pertaining to operating information concerning the mobile platform; 
         [0009]    electronically accessing a database to acquire selected operational items relating to relating to operational worthiness of the mobile platform; 
         [0010]    displaying the selected operational items to the user; and 
         [0011]    performing a synchronization check of the database system to verify that the selected operational items represent the most recently stored information in the database system. 
         [0012]    In another aspect a method for creating a maintenance release (MR) record containing status information for an aircraft is disclosed. The method may include: 
         [0013]    providing a feature for a user to provide a first quantity of release information pertaining to operating information concerning the aircraft; 
         [0014]    electronically accessing a first database located on-board the aircraft to acquire a first quantity of operational items; 
         [0015]    wirelessly electronically accessing a second database located remote from the aircraft to acquire a second quantity of operational items, said first and second quantities of operational items including at least a plurality of:
       open maintenance items;   expired deferrals for maintenance items that relate to aircraft airworthiness;   active deferrals for maintenance items; and   operating restrictions for said aircraft;       
 
         [0020]    displaying said selected operational items to said user; and 
         [0021]    performing a synchronization check of said database to verify that said selected operational items represent most recently stored information in said database. 
         [0022]    In another aspect a system is disclosed for creating a maintenance release (MR) record containing status information for a mobile platform. The system may include: 
         [0023]    a user input for a first quantity of release information pertaining to operating information concerning said mobile platform; 
         [0024]    an electronically accessible database for storing operational items relating to at least one of;
       open faults; and   deferrals for operational items that relate to mobile platform operational worthiness;       
 
         [0027]    a display for displaying said selected operational items to said user; and 
         [0028]    a server having a software module that performs a synchronization check of said database to verify that said selected operational items represent most recently stored information in said database. 
         [0029]    Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the description provided herein. It should be understood that the description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0030]    The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. 
           [0031]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram of one embodiment of a system in accordance with the present disclosure; 
           [0032]      FIG. 2  is a flowchart of major operations performed by the logbook application of  FIG. 1 ; and 
           [0033]      FIG. 3  is a more detailed flowchart of operations performed by the logbook application of  FIG. 1 . 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0034]    The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses. 
         [0035]    Referring to  FIG. 1 , there is shown one embodiment of a system  10  in accordance with the present disclosure. The system  10  generally may include an on-board subsystem  12  carried on-board a mobile platform  16 , and a remote, ground based subsystem  14 . In this example, the mobile platform is shown as an aircraft, and will be referenced throughout the following discussion as “aircraft  16 ”. However, it will be appreciated that the system  10  could just as readily be implemented with any other form of mobile platform such as a bus, train or other form of land vehicle, or a boat, ship or other form of a marine vessel. Essentially, the system  10  may be used with any mobile platform that requires predefined operational worthiness checks to be performed before it is operated. Also, it will be appreciated that while the on-board system  12  is illustrated as being on the aircraft  16 , that the system  12  could just as readily be located off-board the aircraft  16 . 
         [0036]    The on-board system  12  may be in wireless communication with a central subsystem, for example a ground based subsystem  14 . Typically, when the system  10  is implemented in connection with a commercial aircraft, the ground based subsystem  14  will be operated by the airline that is operating the aircraft  16 . The on-board subsystem  12  may include an on-board server  18  running an electronic logbook (ELB) software application  20 . The on-board server  18  may be in communication with a wireless communications subsystem  22 , an on-board performance calculator database  24  and a display system  26 . The display  26  is illustrated as being the display of an Electronic Flight Bag (EFB), but the display  26  could just as readily be implemented as a stand-alone display. The EFB is disclosed in co-pending U.S. patent applications “Multi-Network Aircraft Communication Systems and Methods” (Communication Management), U.S. application Ser. No. 11/303,647, Filed 16 Dec. 2005; “Security Certificate Management”, U.S. application Ser. No. 11/191,622, Filed 28 Jul. 2005; and “Automated Integration of Fault Reporting” (ELB Synchronization), application Ser. No. 11/191,645, Filed 28 Jul. 2005, all of which are owned by The Boeing Company, and all of which are hereby incorporated by reference into the present application. 
         [0037]    The ground based subsystem  14  may include a server  28  that also runs the ELB application  20 . The server  28  may be in communication with a maintenance history and planning tool  30 . The maintenance history and planning tool  30  may be an airline&#39;s system to manage maintenance history records of an aircraft. The planning tool  30  may also assist airline operators in scheduling planned maintenance activities such as A-checks (routine checks and maintenance such as fluid changes) and D-checks (heavy checks that may last 2-3 months). The server  28  is also in communication with a logbook database  32  and a performance tool for storing deferred items  34 . The logbook database  32  may contain an aircraft&#39;s records, including a record of flights performed, aircraft defects, maintenance actions taken to address the defects, aircraft servicing records and maintenance release records. The performance tool  34  may use a database (not shown) to indicate inoperative items (deferred defects) which have an impact on takeoff and/or landing performance calculations. A wireless communications subsystem  36  enables the ground based subsystem  14  to communicate with the onboard system  12  on the aircraft  16 . The wireless communications subsystem  36  may be an electromagnetic wave transceiver having bidirectional communications capability. A display/keypad subsystem  38  forms a feature that enables an individual, for example a line release mechanic, to input maintenance or fault information to the system  10  (on-board or via the ground) or alternatively to view displayed airworthiness information during creation of the MR record. An LCD or CRT display, or any suitable display may be used for this purpose. Either a touchscreen or an independent keyboard/keypad may be utilized to enable an individual to input the maintenance and/or fault information to the system  10 . 
         [0038]    The ELB application  20  enables the performance calculator database  24  onboard the aircraft  16 , the logbook database  32  and the maintenance history and planning tool  30  on the ground based system  14  all to be electronically accessed and pertinent airworthiness information entered in each subsystem be communicated with the other subsystems. This ensures that the most current (i.e., up-to-date) airworthiness information that needs to be considered when creating a maintenance release (MR) record is considered by the releasing line mechanic (or other individual) who is responsible for creating the MR record. Since no paper reports or paper-based logbooks are required by the system  10 , the chance of the releasing line mechanic being provided with less than current information is substantially reduced or entirely eliminated. Since the onboard subsystem  12  and ground based subsystem  14  may be in continuous wireless communications, this means that the logbook databases  20  on each subsystem  12  and  14 , as well as the maintenance history and planning tool  30 , may be updated essentially instantaneously whenever any of the foregoing subsystems receives new airworthiness information. Thus, each logbook database  20 , the maintenance history and planning tool  30  and any other subsystem containing airworthiness information will always have the most current and up-to-date airworthiness information available for review. 
         [0039]    It will be appreciated that by “airworthiness” information, it is meant any information that may be important to understanding the maintenance items affecting the aircraft  20 , the status of any open faults that may affect the aircraft, as well as any operating restrictions affecting flight or operation of the aircraft  20 . Typically, airworthiness information may involve: 
         [0040]    performance restrictions (i.e. flight limited to particular altitude or below) 
         [0041]    Extended Operations/Long Range Operations (ETOPS/LROPS) restrictions (e.g., aircraft must fly within 120 minutes of a suitable landing airport); 
         [0042]    Autoland restrictions (i.e. Autoland restricted to CAT II operations only) 
         [0043]    all active deferrals (maintenance items not requiring immediate attention); 
         [0044]    all expired deferrals (maintenance items covered by a deferral whose predetermined time period has expired); 
         [0045]    all open maintenance items such as all technical faults and all non-technical faults (i.e., items needing further action before an MR record can be created); 
         [0046]    all recheck actions (active deferrals requiring a re-check before the MR record can be created); 
         [0047]    all closing maintenance actions (i.e. repairs made to address a technical or non technical fault, for example replacing a line replaceable unit (LRU)); 
         [0048]    all servicing actions (e.g., adding engine oil, APU oil; required maintenance checks, that is ETOPS/LROPS, arrival and departure)) 
         [0049]    Referring to  FIG. 2 , a high level flow diagram is illustrated of major operations that the ELB application  20  of the system  10  may perform. Initially the logbook database  32  located on the ground based subsystem  14 , the maintenance history and planning tool  30 , the on-board performance calculator database  24  and the performance tool for storing deferred items  34  are all accessed at operations  40 ,  42 ,  44  and  46 , respectively, and then checked during a synchronization check operation  48 . The synchronization check operation  48  is used to verify that the most current airworthiness information has been obtained from each of the various subsystems  24 ,  30 ,  32  and  34 . This ensures that the responsible airline employee reviewing the data has the most up-to-date information from each of the subsystems  24 ,  30 ,  32  and  34 . The synchronization check operation may be implemented via a suitable software subroutine in the ELB application  20  that checks the available databases and other sources of information where airworthiness information is being obtained to make sure that the most up-to-date information is being supplied to the user. This check may also be performed at preset time intervals, for example every few minutes or every hour, to make sure that the most up-to-date information is being provided to the user. It will also be appreciated that the synchronization check feature is fully configurable by the airline that is operating the aircraft  16  to electronically check any number of available databases or subsystems where pertinent airworthiness information may be available and obtainable. 
         [0050]    If the synchronization check operation  48  does not complete successfully, then a user is asked via a message to manually check the release status, as indicated at operation  50 . This message may be presented via the display/keypad subsystem  38 . This may involve the line mechanic at the aircraft contacting (e.g., calling) an operations control person to manually verify the logbook status. The ELB application  20  then makes an inquiry at operation  52  to see if the aircraft is releasable, meaning that a valid MR record can be created for it. The release rules are fully configurable by the airline and may include a rule for determining the existence of technical open faults; a rule for determining if servicing is required; a rule for determining if open non-technical items; and a rule for deciding if a Maintenance Release is valid for multiple flights. The rule for deciding if a Maintenance Release is valid for multiple flights may involve a rule that evaluates the past maintenance activity to determine if a past release is still valid. It may also evaluate the current Maintenance Release and determine if a time limit for the Maintenance Release has expired. 
         [0051]    If the check at operation  52  produces a “No” answer, then a MR is still required, as indicated at operation  54 . This message may also be provided via the display/keypad subsystem  38 . The release rules used at operation  52  are also configurable by the airline. These release rules may involve one or more of: a rule for the existence of technical Open Faults; a rule for servicing required; a rule for open non-technical items; and/or a rule for the MR being valid for multiple flights or period of time. The rule for multiple flights may be a rule that evaluates the past maintenance activity to determine if a past MR is still valid. The rule for multiple flights may also evaluate the current MR and determine if a predetermined time limit (e.g. 24 hours, 72 hours) for the MR is still valid. 
         [0052]    If the synchronization check operation  48  completes successfully, then operation  52  is performed to see if the aircraft is releasable. If so, then a check is made at operation  56  to determine the exact type of MR that exists for the aircraft  16 . At operations  58 ,  60 ,  62  and  64 , examples of different types of releases that may be displayed are: an “ETOPS/LROPS Release”; a “Normal Release”; a “Restricted Release” and a “Limited Release”. The “Normal Release” is a standard type of release where the aircraft  16  is released with no operating restrictions or no open faults. The “Restricted Release” is where the aircraft is released with certain operating restrictions. A “Limited Release” is where the aircraft is released with open faults. An “ETOPS/LROPS” release is where the aircraft is released with authority to fly an ETOPS/LROPS mission as defined by airline procedures and approval from an applicable regulatory authority. At operation  66  the user may sign the MR. 
         [0053]    Referring now to  FIG. 3 , a more detailed flowchart  100  of major operations that may be performed by the logbook application  20  of the system  10  is shown. At operation  102  the user may select the ELB application  20  from the EFB main menu displayed on the display/keypad subsystem  38 , as indicated at operation  102 . This brings up the ELB application home page on the display/keypad subsystem  38 , as indicated at operation  104 . The user may then select “Maintenance Release” at operation  106 . A screen may then be brought up on the display/keypad subsystem  38  at operation  108  where the user can input various release information. Such release information may include a release station that the user is at, release comments, release data and any other basic release information that would be important for the ELB application  20  to have. 
         [0054]    At operation  110 , the ELB application  20  aggregates all operating restrictions for the aircraft  16  from active deferrals such as performance restrictions  112 , ETOPS/LROPS restrictions  114  and Autoland restrictions  116 . At operation  118 , a status of the completion of maintenance recheck actions is displayed to the user. At operation  120 , a summary of all maintenance data is presented to the user via the display/keypad subsystem  38 . This maintenance data may involve all maintenance activity since the last MR was created, or all maintenance activity performed at the particular station at which the user is using the system  10 . The summary of maintenance activity since the last MR may involve the display of the following information: a summary of release information including date/time and location of release at operation  122 ; operating restrictions on the aircraft at operation  124 ; whether maintenance recheck actions are complete at operation  126 ; servicing information for the aircraft  20  at operation  128 ; active deferrals for the aircraft  130 ; all technical faults and Closing Maintenance actions at operation  132 ; and all non-technical faults  134 . 
         [0055]    At operation  136  the synchronization check operation is performed to check all other databases or devices connected to or in communication with the server  28  of the ground based subsystem  14 , for any synchronized data. At operation  138  the logbook application  20  sends the MR to all other subsystems or devices within the system  10  or outside the system that may be in communication with the system  10 . At operation  140 , an updated technical status of the aircraft  16  may be displayed on all interfaces in communication with the ELB application  20 . This involves displaying the MR status on such subsystems as the display/keypad subsystem  38 , the EFB display  26  and any display device where such information would be useful to view. It will also be appreciated that including non-technical faults in the MR record is configurable, as are creating a new MR for every flight and displaying the status of maintenance recheck actions at operation  118 . 
         [0056]    An important benefit of the ELB application  20  is that it is configurable to meet the needs and preferences of an airline, as far as what maintenance items, fault items and restrictions are to be checked and presented during the process of creating the MR record. For example, the logbook application  20  may be configured to require that a new MR record be created for every flight. 
         [0057]    The system  10  thus enables the most up-to-date maintenance, fault and restriction information to be electronically acquired and presented to the user in an organized fashion. Virtually any number of databases or devices may be checked by the system and all pertinent airworthiness information obtained for consideration by a user charged with evaluating such information to create a MR record. The synchronization feature of the system  10  enables the various databases to be checked for the most up-to-date information when collecting airworthiness information for consideration by the user. This also facilitates real time (i.e., essentially instantaneous) updating of the various databases and devices that the system  10  is in communication with. The elimination of paper reports and paper-based logbooks virtually eliminates the possibility of outdated airworthiness information being considered by an individual charged with creating an MR record. 
         [0058]    While various embodiments have been described, those skilled in the art will recognize modifications or variations which might be made without departing from the present disclosure. The examples illustrate the various embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Therefore, the description and claims should be interpreted liberally with only such limitation as is necessary in view of the pertinent prior art.