Abstract:
Improved proximity indicators and turn indicators for hazardous operating conditions. Such indicators provide increased visibility and safety to observers and operators of vehicles. Such lights may be comprised of separate devices or may be comprised of flashing or strobing brake, accelerator, and/or turn indicators positioned at the front, sides, top, and rear of a vehicle. The intensity and flashing pattern of such indicators vary according to the operating settings of a vehicle, the proximity of obstacles including other vehicles, the desire of the operator, and according to the prevailing operating or weather conditions.

Description:
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001]     The present invention relates to a novel system for improving the visibility of a vehicle in reduced visibility conditions. A first vehicle is equipped with the means for flashing its lights based on a driver&#39;s manual input or any number of sensors that will be discussed below. The flashing can be made more effective by altering its rate or its intensity or by flashing the lights in a particular sequence. The driver can also be kept informed with a monitor that shows the status of the flashing. Various sensors can be used to trigger the flashing. The flashing makes the first vehicle more conspicuous to a second vehicle.  
         [0002]     In one embodiment, the lights or indicators are of at least two colors. One color can be for accelerator indicators, and the other for brake indicators. For example, the accelerator indicator could be green, while the brake indicator could be red. In one embodiment, the colored light is emitted directly from the light source. In another embodiment, the colored light is generated by a lens covering the light source. Such indicators provide improved safety or warning lights, especially in hazardous or inclement weather. 
     
    
       [0003]     As shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , a car is already equipped with a variety of lights: headlights, brake lights, turn indicator lights, reverse indicator lights, and so forth. These can be located in a variety of locations on the vehicle, including the front, rear and sides. Such accelerator and brake indicators may be illuminated in a variety of intensities including, but not limited to, low, medium and high intensity states, or lower, equal and higher states relative to running lights, emergency lights, conventional brake lights, or headlights. The states of such indicators may be of any intensity, duration, or pattern.  
         [0004]      FIG. 3  illustrates a number of cars that are traveling on a road. Visibility is partially obscured by fog  302 . The fog will make it difficult under normal circumstances for vehicle  308  to see that vehicle  304  is braking hard to avoid an object  320 . Even if the driver of vehicle  308  sees red lights ahead of him, he may not be able to easily distinguish between normal running light intensity and brake light intensity. This is why fog and other reduced visibility situations are responsible for so many traffic accidents and fatalities. However, if the first vehicle  304  had flashing brake lights  424 , it is far more likely that the second vehicle  308  would recognize that it also needed to brake to avoid a collision. A trailing car  308  in the fog is not the only vehicle that would benefit from a more conspicuous warning. Car  312  will benefit if second vehicle  308  also has flashing brake lights  322 . Likewise, vehicle  306  would benefit from the flashing of side mounted lights  326 . 
     
    
       [0005]     Several tables will help to illustrate several of the embodiments that implement this inventive system:  
                                     TABLE 1                           Embodiment #1                            Accelerator       Brake   Accelerator   Status   Brake lights   lights               Disengaged   Disengaged   Coasting   Flashing   Flashing       Engaged   Disengaged   Braking   Flashing   Not flashing       Disengaged   Engaged   Accelerating   Not flashing   Flashing                  
 
         [0006]     So, in this first embodiment, all the lights are programmed to flash while the car is coasting. Only brake lights are programmed to flash during braking and only the accelerator lights are programmed to flash during acceleration.  
                                     TABLE 2                           Embodiment #2                            Accelerator       Brake   Accelerator   Status   Brake lights   lights               Disengaged   Disengaged   Coasting   Flashing   Not Flashing       Engaged   Disengaged   Braking   Flashing   Not flashing       Disengaged   Engaged   Accelerating   Not flashing   Flashing                  
 
         [0007]     So, in this second embodiment, only the brake lights are programmed to flash while the car is coasting. Only brake lights are programmed to flash during braking and only the accelerator lights are programmed to flash during acceleration.  
                                     TABLE 3                           Embodiment #3                            Accelerator       Brake   Accelerator   Status   Brake lights   lights               Disengaged   Disengaged   Coasting   Not Flashing   Flashing       Engaged   Disengaged   Braking   Flashing   Not flashing       Disengaged   Engaged   Accelerating   Not flashing   Flashing                  
 
         [0008]     So, in this first embodiment, only the accelerator lights are programmed to flash while the car is coasting. Only brake lights are programmed to flash during braking and only the accelerator lights are programmed to flash during acceleration.  
         [0009]     In addition to these three embodiments, the system can also be utilized to improve the visibility of turn indicators.  
                                 TABLE 4                           Turn Signals                Embodiment #1   Embodiment #2   Embodiment #3           Right signal/   Right signal/   Right signal/       Direction   left signal   Left signal   Left signal               Right turn   3x/1x   1x/0x   Both, then right only       Left turn   1x/3x   0x/1x   Both, then left only                  
 
         [0010]     In other words, in one embodiment one signal flashes some multiple times faster than the other signal. In a second embodiment, only one signal flashes. In a third embodiment, turn indicators located on both sides of the vehicle can be flashed, followed by the flashing of the turn indicator for the direction of the turn  
         [0011]     As mentioned above, the brake or accelerator or a third light can be used for as turning lights. These lights can be red, green, amber or any other color. For purposes of the charts below the mark * means a single flash to multiple flashing and *** means multiple flashing to multi times plus multi times.  
                                                                                                         Accelerator Light Used as Turn Signal            Status   Indicators   Brake lights   Accelerator lights               Emergency   Right indicators   *** *** ***   *** *** ***           Left indicators   *** *** ***   *** *** ***       Coasting   Right indicators       * * * * * *           Left indicators       * * * * * *       Coasting &amp;   Right indicators       *** *** ***       Right turn   Left indicators       * * * * * *       Coasting &amp;   Right indicators       * * * * * *       Left turn   Left indicators       *** *** ***       Braking   Right indicators   * * * * * *           Left indicators   * * * * * *       Braking &amp;   Right indicators   * * * * * *   *** *** ***       Right turn   Left indicators   * * * * * *       Braking &amp;   Right indicators   * * * * * *       Left turn   Left indicators   * * * * * *   *** *** ***       Sudden Stop or   Right indicators   *** *** *** * * * *       Full Stop   Left indicators   *** *** *** * * * *       Sudden braking &amp; Right turn or Full   Right indicators   *** *** *** * * * *   *** *** *** *** ***       Stopping &amp; Right turn   Left indicators   *** *** *** * * * *       Sudden braking   Right indicators   *** *** *** * * * *       &amp; Left turn or Full Stopping &amp; Left turn   Left indicators   *** *** *** * * * *   *** *** *** *** ***       Accelerating   Right indicators       * * * * *           Left indicators       * * * * *       Accelerating &amp; Right turn   Right indicators       *** *** ***           Left indicators       * * * * *       Accelerating &amp; Left turn   Right indicators       * * * * *           Left indicators       *** *** ***                    Brake Light Used as Turn Signal            Status   Indicators   Brake lights   Accelerator lights               Emergency   Right indicators   *** *** ***   *** *** ***           Left indicators   *** *** ***   *** *** ***       Coasting   Right indicators       * * * * * *           Left indicators       * * * * * *       Coasting &amp; Right turn   Right indicators   *** *** ***   * * * * * *           Left indicators       * * * * * *       Coasting &amp; Left turn   Right indicators       * * * * * *           Left indicators   *** *** ***   * * * * * *       Braking   Right indicators   * * * * * *           Left indicators   * * * * * *       Braking &amp; Right turn   Right indicators   *** *** ***           Left indicators   * * * * * *       Braking &amp; Left turn   Right indicators   * * * * * *           Left indicators   *** *** ***       Sudden Braking or Full   Right indicators   *** *** *** * * * *       Stop   Left indicators   *** *** *** * * * *       Sudden Braking &amp; Right turn or Full   Right indicators   *** *** *** *** *** ***       Stopping &amp; Right turn   Left indicators   *** *** *** * * * *       Sudden Braking   Right indicators   *** *** *** * * * *       &amp; Left turn or Full Stopping&amp; Left turn   Left indicators   *** *** *** *** *** ***       Accelerating   Right indicators       * * * * * *           Left indicators       * * * * * *       Accelerating   Right indicators   *** *** ***   * * * * * *       &amp; Right turn   Left indicators       * * * * * *       Accelerating   Right indicators       * * * * * *       &amp; Left turn   Left indicators   *** *** ***   * * * * * *                    III. Case 3. Turn Light Used as Turn Light (Turn lights = Amber or other color)            Status   Indicators   Brake lights   Accelerator lights   Turn lights               Emergency I   Right indicators   *** *** ***   *** *** ***           Right turn           Left indicators   *** *** ***   *** *** ***           Right turn       Emergency II   Right indicators   *** *** ***   *** *** ***           Right turn           *** *** ***           Left indicators   *** *** ***   *** *** ***           Right turn           *** *** ***       Coasting   Right indicators       * * * * *           Right turn           Left indicators       * * * * *           Right turn       Coasting &amp;   Right indicators       * * * * *       Right turn   Right turn           *** *** ***           Left indicators       * * * * *           Left turn       Coasting &amp;   Right indicators       * * * * *       Left turn   Right turn           Left indicators       * * * * *           Left turn           *** *** ***       Braking   Right indicators   * * * * *           Right turn           Left indicators   * * * * *           Right turn       Braking &amp;   Right indicators   * * * * *       Right turn   Right turn           *** *** ***           Left indicators   * * * * *           Left turn       Braking &amp;   Right indicators   * * * * *       Left turn   Right turn           Left indicators   * * * * *           Left turn           *** *** ***       Sudden   Right indicators   *** *** *** * * * *       Braking or   Right turn       Full Stop   Left indicators   *** *** *** * * * *       Braking or   Right turn       Full Stop   Left indicators   *** *** *** * * * *           Right turn       Sudden Braking &amp;   Right indicators   *** *** *** * * * *       Right turn   Right turn           *** *** *** *** ***       or Full Stop &amp;   Left indicators   *** *** *** * * * *       Right turn   Left turn       Sudden Braking &amp;   Right indicators   *** *** *** * * * *       Left turn   Right turn       or Full Stop &amp;   Left indicators   *** *** *** * * * *       Left turn   Left turn           *** *** *** *** ***       Accelerating   Right indicators       * * * *           Right turn           Left indicators       * * * *           Right turn       Accelerating &amp;   Right indicators       * * * *       Right turn   Right turn           *** *** ***           Left indicators       * * * *           Left turn       Accelerating &amp;   Right indicators       * * * *       Left turn   Right turn           Left indicators       * * * *           Left turn           *** *** ***                  
 
         [0012]     Now that the use of flashing for braking, accelerating, coasting, and turning has been discussed, it is important to understand the methods of enhancing the flashing to improve visibility further: with intensity, rate, and with pattern. The intensity of the flash can be varied during the duration of the flashing. For example, the intensity pattern can be bright, medium, medium, or the pattern could be constant. The rate can increase based on the speed of the vehicle. For example, if a car is traveling, then the speed of the flashing could also be increased to provide that information to another driver. Finally, a pattern can be used to increase the conspicuousness of the flashing. The pattern could be evenly spaced, unevenly spaced or random.  
         [0013]     The use of flashing lights can be manually controlled or controlled through an automatic control system based on inputs from various sensors. In one embodiment, a moisture, temperature or other type of sensor is used to determine hazardous, low visibility or inclement weather conditions. Such sensor is electrically connected to an electronic logic component which controls the amount of flashing of all indicators. The logic component may be set so as to increase or decrease the intensity of the indicators depending on the prevailing operating conditions such as fog or rain. In a further embodiment, a manual switch is also provided to the vehicle operator to select the amount of flashing of all indicators and the intensity of the illuminated indicators. Such flashing of accelerator and brake indicators may be in addition to the use of traditional turn indicators, or may be used in place of traditional turn indicators in inclement weather because of the benefit of increased visibility under such conditions.  
         [0014]     In another embodiment, the flashing of a vehicle&#39;s accelerator and brake indicators depends upon the state of a vehicle&#39;s gears or gear switch. For example, when a vehicle is in park, a vehicle&#39;s accelerator indicators no longer respond to use of the vehicle&#39;s accelerator, and brake indicators are dimly or brightly lit. In another example, when a vehicle is in reverse, a vehicle&#39;s accelerator indicators are dimly lit, or brightly lit. In a further example, when a vehicle is in reverse, a vehicle&#39;s brake indicators are dimly lit, or brightly lit. In another example, an accelerator indicator is illuminated at one level while the vehicle is in one gear and illuminated at a second level while the vehicle is in another gear.  
         [0015]     Separate dashboard indicators communicate to a vehicle operator of the state or use of improved brake and accelerator indicators. In one embodiment, on the console or dashboard of a vehicle having an improved accelerator indicator, there is an indicator showing the use of such one or more external accelerator indicators. Further, there is optionally an indicator showing the use of one or more brake indicators. Alternatively, such console indicator shows the actual state of an external accelerator indicator. Also, such console indicator may also show the actual state of an external brake indicator. A console indicator may be used to show the states of accelerator engagement, accelerator disengagement, brake disengagement, brake engagement, and turn signal use.  
         [0016]     In one embodiment, a rearward-facing and/or forward-facing proximity detector is used to illuminate or flash indicators and/or sound a horn to warn an approaching vehicle. The indicators may be visible from a rear-facing direction and/or from a forward-facing direction. Such indicators operate automatically or independently of the operator of the vehicle. For example, even if the weather conditions are good, it is important that a vehicle&#39;s visibility be increased if a collision is probable. For example, if a driver is falling asleep and his speed will cause an impact with another vehicle, then the lights of the vehicle may be altered in intensity, pace or sequence to warn the forward vehicle. The trailing vehicle may also be warned by actuating the brake lights even if the brakes are not engaged.  
         [0017]     In another embodiment, a digital or analog device presents the distance between an object, such as another vehicle, and the front of the operating vehicle. The operator of the vehicle is then more informed as to the actual distance between the vehicle and the object. Such a distance measuring device is more accurate and provides more safety than the operator relying solely on visibility with the naked eye and mental estimation of the distance. Such increased accuracy and safety is especially important under inclement operating conditions such as, but not limited to, fog.  
         [0018]      FIG. 4  provides a top view of several cars convening at an intersection wherein there is reduced visibility due to fog  408 . A first car  402  approaches a stop sign and prepares to yield. It is urgent that the first car  402  or third car  410  be aware of oncoming second car  404 . It is also urgent for a pedestrian  406  to appreciate the danger of entering the intersection. The use of pulsing or flashing lights  420 ,  422  in accordance with the present invention would improve the safety of the entire situation. The lights could be mounted on the sides, top, front and/or rear of the cars.  
         [0019]      FIG. 5   a  shows a side view of a vehicle. With reference to  FIG. 5   a , accelerator and brake indicators may be mounted on the side region near the front region  520  of a vehicle, on the side mounted rearview mirror  530 , on or near the door handle  540 , or on the rear region  550  of a vehicle. Such indicators are comprised of a housing, at least one light bulb or other light emitting element, at least one socket, and are connected electrically to the electric system of the vehicle. Side, forward and rear accelerator indicators may be of any color.  
         [0020]     With reference to  FIG. 5   b , an indicator unit  520  is comprised of an accelerator indicator  512  and a brake indicator  514 . An accelerator indicator  512  may be comprised of two light elements  522  which are capable of providing two or more stages of lighting such as a dim lighting state and a bright lighting state. In such an embodiment, one bulb or lighting element  522  is lit when the accelerator is engaged and the other element  522  is lit when the accelerator is not engaged. Alternatively, one single bulb or element may be manufactured so as to be emit light in varying states of intensity. In an alternative embodiment, one element  522  is lit when the accelerator is engaged and both elements  522  are lit when the accelerator is disengaged. A brake element  524  is lit when the brake is engaged, and is not lit when the brake is disengaged.  
         [0021]     Likewise, with reference to  FIG. 5   d , an indicator unit  540  is comprised as in  FIG. 5   a  but is located near, or is part of, a door handle unit. In such an embodiment, a door handle  526 , a key lock  528 , an accelerator indicator  512 , and a brake indicator  514  comprise a door handle indicator unit. Such unit may have additional indicator functionality such as, but not limited to, illuminating or flashing one or more times upon receiving a signal from a keyless entry device, or illuminating or flashing continuously in a particular pattern upon receiving a signal from an auto theft detection component of the vehicle. Further, a door handle indicator unit may be illuminated continuously to facilitate entry into a vehicle.  
         [0022]     In a similar embodiment, and with reference to  FIG. 5   b , a side indicator unit  530  is mounted to, and forms part of, a side mounted rearview mirror. Such a unit is comprised of an accelerator indicator  502  and a brake indicator  504 . Such a unit may have additional functionality such as, but not limited to, illuminating or flashing as a turn signal. In one embodiment, both an accelerator indicator  502  and a brake indicator  504  form a turn indicator, and illuminate or flash brightly upon an action taken by a vehicle driver indicating that the vehicle driver is turning in a particular direction. An accelerator indicator, as part of such a side indicator unit  530 , may have a dimly lit state and a brightly lit state as described previously. Such turn indicator may be comprised of any number of colors, and may flash or illuminate in a variety of different patterns or modalities indicating a turn.  
         [0023]     The foregoing discussion of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Further, the description is not intended to limit the invention to the form disclosed herein. Consequently, variation and modification commensurate with the above teachings, within the skill and knowledge of the relevant art, are within the scope of the present invention. The embodiment described herein and above is further intended to explain the best mode presently known of practicing the invention and to enable others skilled in the art to utilize the invention as such, or in other embodiments, and with the various modifications required by their particular application or uses of the invention. It is intended that the appended claims be construed to include alternate embodiments to the extent permitted.