Abstract:
Methods and systems are provided for the display of location-based of information in the form of a website including custom content based on the location of the mobile unit. The system allows an administrator to logically partition an environment into a plurality of spatial regions. The method then includes specifying, for each of the spatial regions, custom content, then performing a locationing procedure to determine in which spatial region the mobile unit is located. Custom content is supplied based on the location of the mobile unit. The systems and methods are applicable, for example, to networks operating in accordance with 802.11, RFID, WiMax, WAN, Bluetooth, Zigbee, UWB, and the like.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0001]    The present invention relates to wireless local area networks (WLANs) and other networks incorporating RF elements and/or RF devices. More particularly, the present invention relates to improved provision of services (e.g., help screens, location-based display of web pages, etc.) in wireless networks. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    There has been a dramatic increase in demand for mobile connectivity solutions utilizing various wireless components and WLANs. Such networks generally involve the use of wireless access points (APs) configured to communicate with mobile devices using one or more RF channels in accordance with various wireless standards and protocols. 
         [0003]    In the context of wireless networks, it is often desirable to provide information to a mobile user who is connected to the network. For example, hot spot maps, help screens, or graphical information may be provided to the user in order to assist him or her in a particular task, generally in the form of web pages or the like. Currently, however, such information is provided to the user based on the identity of the user, the MAC address of the mobile unit, and/or other such variables, or is not customized to the user in any fashion. Known systems thus do not provide information based on the location of the mobile unit, as might be desirable in many contexts. 
         [0004]    Accordingly, there is a need for improved methods and systems for providing predetermined information to users over a wireless network. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0005]    A more complete understanding of the present invention may be derived by referring to the detailed description and claims when considered in conjunction with the following figures, wherein like reference numbers refer to similar elements throughout the figures. 
           [0006]      FIG. 1  is a conceptual overview of a wireless network useful in describing various embodiments; and 
           [0007]      FIG. 2  is a conceptual diagram of multiple mobile units associated with an access port and communicating with a wireless switch in accordance with one embodiment. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0008]    The present invention relates to systems and methods for location-based display of information—i.e., custom content based on the user&#39;s location—via an on-board locationing within a network switch. In this regard, the following detailed description is merely illustrative in nature and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the invention or the application and uses of such embodiments. Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by any expressed or implied theory presented in the preceding technical field, background, brief summary or the following detailed description. 
         [0009]    Embodiments of the invention may be described herein in terms of functional and/or logical block components and various processing steps. It should be appreciated that such block components may be realized by any number of hardware, software, and/or firmware components configured to perform the specified functions. For example, an embodiment of the invention may employ various integrated circuit components, e.g., memory elements, digital signal processing elements, logic elements, look-up tables, or the like, which may carry out a variety of functions under the control of one or more microprocessors or other control devices. In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced in conjunction with any number of data transmission and data formatting protocols and that the system described herein is merely one example embodiment of the invention. 
         [0010]    For the sake of brevity, conventional techniques related to signal processing, data transmission, signaling, network control, the 802.11 family of specifications, wireless networks, RFID systems and specifications, and other functional aspects of the systems (and the individual operating components of the systems) may not be described in detail herein. Furthermore, the connecting lines shown in the various figures contained herein are intended to represent example functional relationships and/or physical couplings between the various elements. It should be noted that many alternative or additional functional relationships or physical connections may be present in an embodiment of the invention. 
         [0011]    The following description refers to elements or nodes or features being “connected” or “coupled” together. As used herein, unless expressly stated otherwise, “connected” means that one element/node/feature is directly joined to (or directly communicates with) another element/node/feature, and not necessarily mechanically. Likewise, unless expressly stated otherwise, “coupled” means that one element/node/feature is directly or indirectly joined to (or directly or indirectly communicates with) another element/node/feature, and not necessarily mechanically. The term “exemplary” is used in the sense of “example,” rather than “model.” Although the figures may depict example arrangements of elements, additional intervening elements, devices, features, or components may be present in an embodiment of the invention. 
         [0012]    Referring to  FIG. 1 , in an example system useful in describing the present invention, a switching device  110  (alternatively referred to as an “RF switch,” “WS,” or simply “switch”) is coupled to a network  101  and  160  (e.g., an Ethernet network coupled to one or more other networks or devices) which communicates with one or more enterprise applications  105 . One or more wireless access ports  120  (alternatively referred to as “access ports” or “APs”) are configured to wirelessly connect to one or more mobile units  130  (or “MUs”). APs  120  suitably communicate with switch  110  via appropriate communication lines  162  (e.g., conventional Ethernet lines, or the like). Any number of additional and/or intervening switches, routers, servers and other network components may also be present in the system. 
         [0013]    A number of RF tags (“RFID tags,” or simply “tags”)  104 ,  107  may also be distributed throughout the environment. These tags, which may be of various types, are read by a number of RFID readers (or simply “readers”)  108  having one or more associated antennas  106  provided within the environment. The term “RFID” is not meant to limit the invention to any particular type of tag. The term “tag” refers, in general, to any RF element that can be communicated with and has an ID (or “ID signal”) that can be read by another component. Readers  108 , each of which may be stationary or mobile, are suitably connective via wired or wireless data links to a RF switch  110 . 
         [0014]    A particular AP  120  may have a number of associated MUs  130 . For example, in the illustrated topology, MUs  130 ( a ) and  130 ( b ) are associated with AP  120 ( a ), while MU  130 ( c ) is associated with AP  120 ( b ). One or more APs  120  may be coupled to a single switch  110 , as illustrated. 
         [0015]    RF Switch  110  determines the destination of packets it receives over network  104  and  101  and routes those packets to the appropriate AP  120  if the destination is an MU  130  with which the AP is associated. Each WS  110  therefore maintains a routing list of MUs  130  and their associated APs  120 . These lists are generated using a suitable packet handling process as is known in the art. Thus, each AP  120  acts primarily as a conduit, sending/receiving RF transmissions via MUs  130 , and sending/receiving packets via a network protocol with WS  110 . 
         [0016]    RF switch  110  can support any number of tags that use wireless data communication protocols, techniques, or methodologies, including, without limitation: RF; IrDA (infrared); Bluetooth; ZigBee (and other variants of the IEEE 802.15 protocol); IEEE 802.11 (any variation); IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX or any other variation); Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum; Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum; cellular/wireless/cordless telecommunication protocols; wireless home network communication protocols; paging network protocols; magnetic induction; satellite data communication protocols; wireless hospital or health care facility network protocols such as those operating in the WMTS bands; GPRS; and proprietary wireless data communication protocols such as variants of Wireless USB. 
         [0017]    A particular RFID reader  108  may have multiple associated antennas  106 . For example, as shown in  FIG. 1 , reader  108 ( a ) is coupled to one antenna  106 ( a ), and reader  108 ( b ) is coupled to two antennas  106 ( b ) and  106 ( c ). Reader  108  may incorporate additional functionality, such as filtering, cyclic-redundancy checks (CRC), and tag writing, as is known in the art. 
         [0018]    Each antenna  106 ,  107  has an associated RF range  116 ,  117   106  (or “signal strength contour”) which depends upon, among other things, the strength of the respective antenna, and may be defined by a variety of shapes, depending upon the nature of the antenna (i.e., the RF range need not be circular or spherical as illustrated in  FIG. 1 ). An antenna  107  coupled to an AP  120  may also communicate directly with RFID tags (such as tags  109 ( a ) and  109 ( b ), as illustrated). It is not uncommon for RF ranges to overlap in real-world applications (e.g., doorways, small rooms, etc.). Thus, as shown in  FIG. 1 , read point  116 ( a ) overlaps with read point  116 ( b ), which itself overlaps with read point  116 ( c ), and range  117 ( a ) overlaps with range  117 ( b ). 
         [0019]    As described in further detail below, switch  102  includes hardware, software, and/or firmware capable of carrying out the functions described herein. Thus, switch  102  may comprise one or more processors accompanied by storage units, displays, input/output devices, an operating system, database management software, networking software, and the like. Such systems are well known in the art, and need not be described in detail. Switch  102  may be configured as a general purpose computer, a network switch, or any other such network host. In a preferred embodiment, controller or switch  102  is modeled on a network switch architecture but includes RF network controller software (or “module”) whose capabilities include, among other things, the ability to allow configure and monitor readers  108  and antennas  106 . 
         [0020]    Referring to  FIG. 2 , RF switch  110  generally includes a locationing engine  202 , as well as a variety of other components—e.g., a cell controller (CC) and an RFID network controller (RNC) (not shown). The RNC includes hardware and software configured to handle RFID data communication and administration of the RFID network components, while the CC includes hardware and software configured to handle wireless data (e.g., in accordance with IEEE 802.11) from the mobile units and access ports within wireless cells. In one embodiment, RF switch  110  includes a single unit with an enclosure containing the various hardware and software components necessary to perform the various functions of the CC and RNC as well as suitable input/output hardware interfaces to networks  101  and  160 . Thus, locationing engine  202  may be referred to as an “on-board” locationing engine in that it is generally enclosed within or otherwise integral with RF switch  110 . RF switch includes a web service capable of providing information to any connected MUs in the form of web pages, style sheets, and the like as is known in the art. 
         [0021]    RF switch  110  is coupled to an AP  120 , as previously described, which in turn is associated with and communicates with one or more MUs  130 . Each AP  120  has an associated RF coverage area or signal strength contour, which corresponds to the effective range of its antenna or RF transmitter. These coverage areas may have any arbitrary shape or size, depending upon factors known in the art. For example, these coverage areas may be determined through a receiver signal strength indicator (RSSI) calculation, as is known in the art. APs  120  may comprise one or more processors accompanied by storage units, displays, input/output devices, an operating system, database management software, networking software, and the like. Such systems are well known in the art, and need not be described in detail here. 
         [0022]    For wireless data transport, AP  120  may support one or more wireless data communication protocols—e.g., RF; IrDA (infrared); Bluetooth; ZigBee (and other variants of the IEEE 802.15 protocol); IEEE 802.11 (any variation); IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX or any other variation); Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum; Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum; cellular/wireless/cordless telecommunication protocols; wireless home network communication protocols; paging network protocols; magnetic induction; satellite data communication protocols; GPRS; and proprietary wireless data communication protocols such as variants of Wireless USB. 
         [0023]    In this illustration, there are two MUs: MU 1  ( 130 A), and MU 2  ( 130 B). MU 1  is located within a one spatial region  210 , and MU 2  is located within another spatial region  211 . Regions  210  and  211  may correspond to different rooms, floors, buildings, and the like, and have locations and characteristics known by locationing engine  202  a priori. The environment (and regions  210 ,  211 ) may correspond to physical spaces within a workplace, a retail store, a home, a warehouse, or any other such site, and will typically include various physical features that affect the nature and/or strength of RF signals received and/or sent by the APs. Such feature include, for example, architectural structures such as doors, windows, partitions, walls, ceilings, floors, machinery, lighting fixtures, and the like, and are preferably known by locationing engine  202 . Note that the present invention is not limited to two-dimensional layouts; it may be implemented within three dimensional spaces as well. 
         [0024]    In accordance with the present invention, RF switch  110  is configured to provide a first set of custom content (e.g., webpage content) to MUs in some regions (i.e., logical regions), and different custom content to MUs in other regions. As a preliminary matter, then, locationing engine  202  is configured to determine, with suitable accuracy, the location of MUs  130  within the environment. Thus locationing engine  202  will know that MU 1  is within region  210 , while MU 2  is within region  211 . This locationing may be performed in any convenient manner, including the use of triangulation based on signal strength (RSSI method, known in the art), the use of “near-me” RFID tags, or the like. In the triangulation method, for example, the signal strength of MU  130  corresponding to each AP is known a priori as the result of a suitable reporting mechanism, and this data can be used to map each MU  130  in space. 
         [0025]    RF switch  110  includes a suitable memory, accessible and configurable by an administrator, that designates custom content for each region or for groups of regions. For example, referring to  FIG. 3 , RF switch  110  may be configured such that region  210  has a first set of custom content associated therewith, and region  211  has a second set of custom content that is different from the first customer content. 
         [0026]    When RF switch  110  receives a request from MU 1  or MU 2 , it first accesses the location of that MU, as determined by locationing engine  202 . It then determines the correct custom content for that region and handles the request accordingly, e.g., through a web service that provides the content in response to an appropriate HTTP request. 
         [0027]    The present invention may thus be deployed in a variety of contexts. In one embodiment, for example, a user is presented a help screen based on his location—i.e., a contextual help screen including “you are here” type of information. In another embodiment, login screens, home pages, and pop-ups are all customized for the various regions. 
         [0028]    A mobile unit configured as a personal shopping device, for example, might display a custom webpage to a shopper in a retail store based on the particular aisle or region of the store in which the shopper is located. Thus, dynamic content such as specials, digital coupons, and sales applicable to items in that region can be presented to the customer as he or she moves through the store. Furthermore, information related to items that are not on the shelf, but are located in a storage room, may be provided to the shopper. 
         [0029]    In another example embodiment, a patient in a hospital may be provided with a mobile unit that can be carried, and which tells the patient where he or she is at any point in time. In yet another embodiment, a visitor to a company or other organization may be provided information related to contact persons, the facility map, and out-of-limit areas. 
         [0030]    While an 802.11-type environment is described above, the methods described apply to any locationing prediction that uses RSSI as a driving decision for computation, for example, RFID, WiMax, WAN, Bluetooth, Zigbee, UWB, and the like. 
         [0031]    The methods described above may be performed in hardware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, in one embodiment one or more software modules are configured as a “locationing module” executed on a general purpose computer having a processor, memory, I/O, display, and the like. This computer module may be included with an AP  120 , an MU  130 , an enterprise application  105 , or RF switch  110   
         [0032]    While at least one example embodiment has been presented in the foregoing detailed description, it should be appreciated that a vast number of variations exist. It should also be appreciated that the example embodiment or embodiments described herein are not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the invention in any way. Rather, the foregoing detailed description will provide those skilled in the art with a convenient road map for implementing the described embodiment or embodiments. It should be understood that various changes can be made in the function and arrangement of elements without departing from the scope of the invention, where the scope of the invention is defined by the claims, which includes known equivalents and foreseeable equivalents at the time of filing this patent application.