Abstract:
A bottle handling apparatus in which bottles being fed continuously to the apparatus are ejected from a feed device into groups of a given size and are loaded as groups into a series of bottle holders on a bottle-handling conveyor of the apparatus by bottle insertion means arranged at a plurality of stages along the conveyor. The different stages of the insertion means causes the bottle groups to be regularly inserted into the bottle holders in a alternate or regularly spaced sequence. The delivery side of the bottle handling conveyor is provided with bottle removal means arranged at a plurality of stages along the feed direction of the conveyor.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to improvements in bottle handling apparatus, for example a bottle washing machine, and is particularly concerned with improvements in bottle supply and delivery mechanisms. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Usually in this kind of bottle handling apparatus, the discharge end of the bottle feeding conveyor is arranged parallel to the supply end of the bottle handling conveyor of say, a bottle washer, and the bottles coming along the bottle feeding conveyor are lined up in groups of a certain number and are pushed off the conveyor to one side of it by an ejection device, whereby bottles so ejected are put into the holders of the above mentioned bottle handling conveyor by a bottle insertion means such as a chute. In addition, on the delivery side of the machine the bottles are put onto the delivery conveyor by the bottle removal means. 
     Therefore, after the arrival of a certain number of bottles on the bottle feeding conveyor the bottle supply operation is repeated intermittently and then the handling and bottle delivery operations follow it. Because of this, there are limits to the bottle handling efficiency which can be expected. Apparatus has been proposed in which the bottles are supplied to both sides of the bottle handling conveyor. However, this increases the width of the bottle handling conveyor, which results in making the apparatus physically larger. There is a further inconvenience in case of handling profiled bottles such as oval bottles which are directional due to labelling considerations. When such bottles packed in a box in the same direction are removed and put on the bottle feeding conveyor from both sides thereof, the directions of the bottles become reversed at the receiving portion of the bottle handling conveyor. Thus, the known apparatus are disadvantageous and unsuitable for practical use. 
     It is an important object of the present invention to overcome the above mentioned disadvantages of the known apparatus. 
     An object of the present invention is to make the bottle insertion or supply means of a multistage construction to provide a bottle handling apparatus which is able to work at extremely high efficiency even when handling profiled bottles whose collecting and selecting operation is difficult. 
     According to the present invention there is provided bottle handling apparatus in which bottles being fed continuously to the apparatus are ejected from the feed in groups of a given size and are loaded as groups into a series of bottle holder positions on a bottle-handling conveyor of the apparatus by bottle insertion means arranged at a plurality of stages along said conveyor, a first stage of the insertion means putting bottle groups in turn into alternate or other regularly-spaced locations in the series of holder positions and holder positions left vacant by said first stage are supplied by a subsequent stage or subsequent stages similarly filling regularly-spaced locations. 
     Preferably, the delivery side of the bottle handling conveyor is provided with bottle removal means arranged at a plurality of stages along the feed direction, a first of said stages removing bottle groups from alternate or other regularly-spaced locations in the series of bottle holder positions of said bottle handling conveyor, and the bottle groups not removed by the first stage being similarly removed from regularly-spaced locations by a subsequent stage or subsequent stages of said removal means. 
     By making the bottle insertion means multistage in construction, a bottle handling apparatus can be provided which is able to work at extremely high efficiency even in handling profiled bottles the collection and selection of which is difficult. In comparison with known single-sided bottle supply mechanism, using single-stage bottle feed, the apparatus according to the invention means that adequate bottle supply efficiency can be maintained even under conditions of low speed of bottle feed and of the bottle insertion operation; thus stable continuous and trouble-free operation may be achieved. Also with the increase of bottle supply efficiency, handling efficiency of the bottle handling apparatus itself can be much more developed. For a given capacity, the bottle handling apparatus can be made smaller, and this reduces machine size and also the cost of installation expenditure. In particular, the multistage bottle supply mechanism makes possible an effective use of space without increasing the width of the apparatus, so that rational conveyor handling and compact installation can be achieved. 
     With the above construction, without making the apparatus larger, it is possible not only to improve bottle delivery efficiency remarkably but also to handle various types of bottles consistently at the same time, thus, the present invention facilitates the achievement of a rational lay-out of the whole bottle handling system. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The structure of this invention will be hereinafter set forth in connection with certain preferred forms as shown in the drawings, wherein; 
     FIG. 1 illustrates the whole bottle handling apparatus, 
     FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the bottle supply mechanism, 
     FIG. 3 is a front view thereof, 
     FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the bottle delivery mechanism, 
     FIG. 5 is a plan thereof and 
     FIG. 6 is a plan of the bottle staying mechanism. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In FIG. 1, the bottle handling apparatus 1 for a bottle washer is shown, in which the bottle handling conveyor 2 is arranged to circulate in endless condition by a plurality of guide rollers 3, and plural holder rows 4 constitute a part of this bottle handling conveyor. The right part of FIG. 1 shows the bottle supply mechanism 5, while the left part shows the bottle delivery mechanism 6. The bottle supply mechanism 5 comprises bottle-feed means which has conveyors 8a and 8b as respective upper and lower stages. Bottles 7 are continuously carried along conveyors 8a and 8b, and ejection devices 9a and 9b push out the bottles 7 over the side of said conveyor having lined them up by groups of a certain number. The supply mechanism 5 also comprises bottle insertion means, again in two stages (upper and lower) 10a and 10b. The lined up bottle groups which have been ejected are guided by the bottle insertion means into alternate holder rows 4 of the holder series, so as to slope forwards with respect to the supply side of said bottle handling conveyor. 
     The bottle delivery mechanism 6 comprises bottle removal means having two stages (upper and lower) 11a and 11b which alternately take out the lined up bottle groups from alternate holder rows 4 at the curved portion formed by the two guide rollers 3 on the delivery side of the bottle handling conveyor 2. The delivery conveyors 12a and 12b deliver the lined up bottle groups removed after treatment. The delivery mechanism further comprises a bottle blocking mechanism 13 whereby alternate holder rows 4 in the holder series cooperate with the bottle remover 11a of the upper stream and the rest cooperate with the bottle remover 11b of the lower stream. 
     The above mentioned bottle supply mechanism 5 is shown more concretely in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the bottle delivery mechanism 6 in FIGS. 4 to 6. 
     In FIGS. 2 and 3 pairs of driving shafts 14a and 14b (the other of each pair is not shown) are arranged at the ends of the bottle feeding conveyors 8a and 8b respectively, the shafts being interlocked by the same driving source and fixed gears 15a and 15b are fitted adjacent the upper ends of the driven shafts. Planet gears 16a and 16b roll about and are meshingly engaged to each of the fixed gears, which planet gears have the fulcrum shafts 17a and 17b thereof rotatably supported radical arm pieces 71a and 71b which are fixed to and extend from the top of the driving shafts 14a and 14b. At the top of these fulcrum shafts 17a and 17b, there is mounted arms 18a and 18b and between the tops of the respective arms in the pairs there is connected the bottle pushing levers 19a and 19b. Therefore, with this form of ejection device 9a and 9b, and having such a planet gear mechanism, when adjacent a group of lined up bottles 7 the pushing out stroke is comparatively gentle. It is also possible to give the ejection motion a quick return stroke. 
     Guide pieces 20a and 20b are curved above the arc made between the position for pushing out motion and the holder position separated up and down of the bottle handling conveyor. As shown in FIG. 3, pairs of guide pieces 20a and 20b separated at the center position so as to hold the bottles 7 from both sides are arranged in parallel, there being as many pairs of guide pieces as the number of the lined up bottles. A plurality of insertion fingers 21a and 21b which rotate, being supported by shafts 22a and 22b under each guide piece 20a and 20b, put each bottle 7 into one of the holders 4 by abutting the bottom of each bottle 7 as shown with their tops projecting along the separating center portion of the guide pieces 20a and 20b. Cocoon shaped cams 23a and 23b are fixed to the shafts 22a and 22b, and levers 24a and 24b whose one end is engaged to the cams 23a and 23b have supporting shafts 25a and 25b at the other end to which segment gears 26a and 26b are fixed. Driven gears 27a and 27b are engaged to the segment gears 26a and 26b by means of intermediate gears 28a and 28b. Bottle pushing fingers 29a and 29b are secured to the driven gear shafts 30a and 30b and consist of two flat pieces which are arranged so as to correspond to the curved guide pieces 20a and 20b, respectively. 
     Because of the above construction, in accordance with these bottle insertion means 10a and 10b, insertion fingers 21a and 21b rotate corresponding to the pushing out operation timing of the ejection devices 9a and 9b and each group of the lined up bottles 7 are guides above the guide pieces 20a and 20b. Because at the same time cams 23a and 23b rotate clockwise in FIG. 2 the segment gears 26a and 26b start to rotate clockwise with the levers 24a and 24b, while the bottle pushing fingers 29a and 29b start to rotate counterclockwise due to the connection with the gears 27a and 27b engaged by the intermediate gears 28a and 28b. As clear from the shape of the cams 23a and 23b, during each half revolution of the insertion fingers 21a and 21b, the bottle pushing fingers 29a and 29b initially swing counterclockwise in FIG. 2, whereby the bottle pushing fingers 29a and 29b permit the bottles 7 to pass due to said fingers swinging upward to the left, whereupon the fingers 29a and 29b then swing clockwise and load the bottles 7 into each holder into 4 by pushing the bottom of the bottles 7. Moving speed of the bottle conveyor is controlled so that each bottle insertion means 10a and 10b puts each bottle 7 into the holder positions alternately, and the holder positions left vacant by the bottle insertion means 10a of the upper stream are loaded with the lined up bottle groups by the bottle insertion means 10b of the the lower stream. Then the bottles are transported to the bottle handling or treatment process. 
     In FIGS. 4 and 5 which show the bottle delivery mechanism 6, a bottle bottom guide 31 is arranged so as to prevent the deviation of the bottles 7 along the turning part of the bottle handling conveyor 2 formed between the two guide rollers. Adjacent the upper and lower edges of the bottle bottom guide there are provided removal guide boards 32a and 32b for the lined up bottles, which removal guide boards are curved downward. Bottle bottom supports 33a and 33b are supported from the both sides by arcuate supporting boards 34a and 34b so as to be swingably movable along the removal guide boards 32a and 32b and radial arms 35a and 35b are integral with the boards 34a and 34b at the opposite ends from the supports 33a and 33b. These radial arms 35a and 35b supported by shafts 36a and 36b, with the back edge adapted to abut stoppers 37a and 37b, can elevate as hereinafter set forth between the lowering position wherein the bottom supports 33a and 33b are at the same level with the delivery conveyors 12a and 12b and the lifting position wherein the bottle bottom supports 33a and 33b are adjacent the edges of the bottle bottom guide 31. 
     Levers 38a and 38b are rigidly supported on shafts 36a and 36b. Pushing elements 39a and 39b are pivoted to levers 38a and 38b, which levers have rollers 40a and 40b thereon and between which bottle pushing bars 41a and 41b (FIG. 5) are fitted. When the levers 38a and 38b lift, pins 42a and 42b prevent excessive downward swing caused by the weight of the pushing levers 39a and 39b themselves. 
     During the bottle lowering and moving operation motion, the rollers 40a and 40b roll between the top surface of the bottle bottom supports 33a and 33b in the lower position (the delivery conveyors 12a and 12b forming a continuous surface therewith), and top surface of receiving boards 43a and 43b.  Thus it is possible to advance the bottle pushing bars 41a and 41b and push out each group of the lined-up bottles onto the delivery conveyors 12a and 12b. Other levers 44a and 44b are connected to the end of the shafts 36a and 36b and flanges 45a and 45b are fixed to the shafts 36a and inwardly of the radial arm 35a and 35b. The rotational motion of the other levers 44a and 44b is transmitted to the arcuate supporting boards 34a and 34b by the contact of the flanges 45a and 45b with side shoulders 46 a and 46b on the radial arms 35a and 35b. Therefore, the levers 38a and 38b are caused to swing upwards before that of said arms 35a and 35b, and the downward swing of the levers 38a and 38b continues after the end of that of said arms 35a and 35b. Links 47a and 47b are connected at their levers 44a and 44b and to the other ends to respective arms of a pair of bell cranks (only one of which 48a is shown). The bell crank 48a is supported by shaft 49a. Pin 50a disposed at the end of the other arm of crank 48a is engaged in channel 52a of cam piece 51a. 
     Because each bottle remover 11a and 11b is arranged like the above structure, during one rotation of the cam piece 51a in FIG. 4 the bell crank 48a first moves counter clockwise about the shaft 49a and also the lever 44a interlocked by the link 47a moves clockwise with the arm 35a and the arcuate supporting board 34a which is integral with arm 35a by contact of the flange 45a with the side shoulder 46a. when the motion is forward, as above described, the bottle pushing bar 41a is maintained in a retracted position, and the bottle bottom support 33a lifts and supports the line of bottles 7 which are in the holder row 4, thereby assuming the position thereof as shown in FIG. 4 by the bottle remover 11b of the lower stream. On the other hand, when the motion is back, the bottle bottom support 33a guides the group of the bottles 7 along the removal guide board 32a, the lever 38a and the pushing lever 39a interlock to advance the bottle pushing bar 41a, and after the bottle bottom support 33a reaches its lowered position, the lined up bottle group is pushed onto the delivery conveyor 2a, as mentioned above. These bottle removal operations are repeated by each bottle remover 11a and 11b against the alternate holder rows 4 of the bottle handling conveyor 2. 
     The following is the description of the bottle blocking means 13 which makes this alternate operation possible. In FIGS. 4 and 6, adjacent the upper front edge of the bottle bottom guide 31a shielding board 53 is arranged so as to leave the gap 54 between the two. The board 53 can slide so as to open or close the gap 54 which serves for taking out the bottle group from the holder row 4. A mounting frame 55 is arranged to carry both ends of the levers 56 which support the shielding board, and guide rollers 57 disposed at the front and back ends of the mounting frame on each side of it project into and are guided by the arc guide 58 (in FIG. 4) situated along the curved part of the conveyor. Coupling pins 59 are disposed at the center of the mounting frame 55, and at the ends thereof links 60 are connected. The other ends of the links 60 are connected to the swing levers 61 supported on shafts 63, intermediate pins 62 of which are engaged in cam grooves 65 of cam 64. Therefore, when the cams 64 are rotated so as to correspond to rotation timing of the cam 51a of the bottle removal means shown in FIG. 4, the shielding board 53 slides up and down in dependence on the motion of the swing lever 61, and this sliding motion makes the gap 54 open or close, so that it is possible to remove the lined up bottle groups 7 from the alternate holder rows 4. As described above, in the present invention, by operation the bottle supply sequentially separately in turn using bottle insertion means arranged in a plurality of places or in stages along the bottle handling conveyor, a rapid increase of efficiency and reduction of the installation space can be expected. And it is clear that also on the delivery side the bottle removal means arranged at a plurality of places or in stages makes possible rational conveyor handling and many ways of bottle handling. 
     In the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, the bottle feeding is of a multistage construction, though it is not always necessary to be so. For instance, it is possible to use an oscillating shaking-out mechanism which devides and pushes out the lined up bottle groups to both sides of a bottle feeding unit and the bottles are received by two rotary insertion devices of the blade wheel type using half parts thereof, and at the same time the location thereof is changed so as to lower the bottles onto the level of the handling conveyor located below. As for the bottle delivery conveyor, it is also possible to make the conveyor a single structure by changing the guide board shown. Many varied types of the bottle insertion means as well as the bottle removal means can be used instead of the ones shown as the embodiments. 
     While certain preferred embodiments of the invention have been disclosed, it will be appreciated that modifications may be made within the spirit of the invention.