Abstract:
A disk-shaped multi combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor is provided. Two independent disk-shaped stators are respectively provided on a left side and a right side in a shell. A disk-shaped rotor with permanent magnets adhered on both a left face and a right face thereof is provided between the two independent disk-shaped stators. Spindle hole in the center of the rotor is coupled with a spindle of the main dynamical axis. Nine motor winding coils provided in side face slots of the disk-shaped stators are a unit for one motor. The left and right stators serve as one group to determine pole-pairs number of the motor which further determines numbers of the permanent magnets adhered. The motor is capable of driving load at low speed and meeting the function requirements of low-speed and high torque, which greatly improve efficiency of the whole machine.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE PRESENT INVENTION 
       [0001]    1. Field of Invention 
         [0002]    The present invention relates to a disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor. 
         [0003]    2. Description of Related Arts 
         [0004]    Currently, conventional low-speed and high-torque column type permanent magnet motors only meet the function requirements in partial circumstances. In most functional application fields, motors still need a high voltage, and high speed of the motors is reduced to a required speed for outputting through a reduction gearbox, which causes that effective area of the motors can not be fully utilized, and the requirements of users for low-speed and high torque can not be met. 
       SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION 
       [0005]    In view of situations that in conventional arts the conventional column type permanent magnet motors are insufficient to meet the demands in most circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor which has advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, small size, light weight, low wastage, low voltage, high efficiency and etc. 
         [0006]    In order to accomplish the above objects, technical solutions provided by the present invention are following. 
         [0007]    A disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor, comprises: an upper shell, a lower shell, a front cover, a rear cover, a single-unit motor, a first rotor, a first stator, a double-unit motor, a second stator, a third stator, a second rotor and a main dynamical axis,
   wherein the single-unit motor and the double-unit motor are respectively provided around the main dynamical axis,   the first rotor and the second rotor which are cooperated with each other are connected with the main dynamical axis by coupling with spindles thereof, and   a pulley, a first encoder and a second encoder respectively connected with an electronic control are provided on the main dynamical axis.   
 
         [0011]    Preferably, the first stator, the second stator and the third stator comprise: a first stator magneto-resistance support, a second stator magneto-resistance support, a third stator magneto-resistance support, a first iron core, a second iron core, a third iron core, and a first motor stator winding coil, a second motor stator winding coil, a third motor stator winding coil, a fourth motor stator winding coil, a fifth motor stator winding coil, a sixth motor stator winding coil, a seventh motor stator winding coil, an eighth motor stator winding coil, and a ninth motor stator winding coil which wind on the first iron core, the second iron core and the third iron core. 
         [0012]    Preferably, the first rotor and the second rotor comprise a first rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet, a second rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet, a third rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet, a first magnetic steel provided on the first rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet, a second magnetic steel provided on the second rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet, and a third magnetic steel provided on the third rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet. 
         [0013]    Preferably, a first double row angular contact ball bearing, a second double row angular contact ball bearing, and a third double row angular contact ball bearing are provided in the single-unit motor and the double-unit motor. 
         [0014]    Preferably, a first winding coil unit, a second winding coil unit and a third winding coil unit are respectively provided on the three iron cores, and three winding coil components are respectively provided on each of the three winding coil units. 
         [0015]    Preferably, each of the three iron core is formed by winding silicon steel thin sheet from an inside out, a wire slot thereof is a U-shape slot having an inclination angle of 0-30°, the nine motor stator winding coils in unit are respectively winding the first iron core, the second iron core and the third iron core which are corresponded in three phases, in such a manner that wire coils of a unit is accomplished. 
         [0016]    Preferably, pole-pairs numbers thereof are 3-20 pairs. 
         [0017]    Preferably, non-uniform air-gaps are adopted in the disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor. 
         [0018]    Beneficial effects of the present invention are following. 
         [0019]    The disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor of the present invention completely changes structures of conventional motors, takes full advantage of a three-dimensional space of motors, has output characteristics of high-power density, is capable of meeting the requirements of the motors for electromechanical energy conversion, low-speed and high torque better. Further, the disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor is capable of driving load at low speed and meeting the function requirements of low-speed and high torque, which greatly improves efficiency of the whole machine. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0020]      FIG. 1  is an external sketch view of a disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0021]      FIG. 2  is a sectional view of the disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention in the  FIG. 1 . 
           [0022]      FIG. 3  is an exploded view of a whole motor of the disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention in the  FIG. 1 . 
           [0023]      FIG. 4  is an exploded view of a first direction of the disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention in the  FIG. 1 . 
           [0024]      FIG. 5  is an exploded view of a second direction of the disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention in the  FIG. 1 . 
           [0025]      FIG. 6  is a sketch view of winding coils of a single-unit motor in the disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention in the  FIG. 1 . 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
       [0026]    These and other objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, the accompanying drawings, and the appended claims. One skilled in the art will understand that the direction words of the present invention, such as upper, lower, left, right, front and rear, as shown in the following preferred embodiment are exemplary only for referring the directions of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, applying of the direction words are for illustrating and not intended to be limiting the invention. 
         [0027]    Referring to  FIG. 1-3 , a disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor  1  according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprises: an upper shell  17 , a lower shell  18 , a front cover  10 , a rear cover  18 , a single-unit motor  11 , a first rotor  20 , a first stator  23 , a double-unit motor  13 , a second stator  26 , a third stator  31 , a second rotor  28  and a main dynamical axis  12 ,
   wherein the single-unit motor  11  and the double-unit motor  13  are respectively provided around the main dynamical axis  12 ,   the first rotor  20  of the disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor  1  and the second rotor  28  of the double-unit motor  13  which are cooperated with each other are connected with the main dynamical axis  12  by coupling with spindles thereof, and   a pulley  3  is provided on the main dynamical axis  12  for driving an automotive air condition, a first encoder  15  and a second encoder  16  respectively connected with an electronic control are also provided on the main dynamical axis for detecting and transmitting a speed signal.   
 
         [0031]    A first screw  2 , a second screw  4 , a third screw  5 , a fourth screw  7 , a fifth screw  8  and a sixth screw  9  are provided on the shell for fixing the shell, the front cover, the rear cover and the frames of the stators. 
         [0032]    Referring to  FIG. 3-5  of the drawings, the first stator  23 , the second stator  26  and the third stator  31  comprise: a first stator magneto-resistance support  24 , a second stator magneto-resistance support  25 , a third stator magneto-resistance support  32 , a first iron core  22 , a second iron core  27 , a third iron core  30 , and a first motor stator winding coil  34 , a second motor stator winding coil  35 , a third motor stator winding coil  39 , a fourth motor stator winding coil  42 , a fifth motor stator winding coil  43 , a sixth motor stator winding coil  44 , a seventh motor stator winding coil  47 , an eighth motor stator winding coil  48 , and a ninth motor stator winding coil  49  which wind on the first iron core  22 , the second iron core  27  and the third iron core  30 . 
         [0033]    The first rotor  20  and the second rotor  28  comprise a first rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet  36 , a second rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet  40 , a third rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet  45 , a first magnetic steel  37  provided on the first rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet  36 , a second magnetic steel  41  provided on the second rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet  40 , and a third magnetic steel  46  provided on the third rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet  45 . 
         [0034]    A first double row angular contact ball bearing  21 , a second double row angular contact ball bearing  29 , and a third double row angular contact ball bearing  38  are provided in the single-unit motor  11  and the double-unit motor  13  for supporting a space between the stators and the rotors. 
         [0035]    Referring to  FIG. 6  of the drawings, a first winding coil unit  50 , a second winding coil unit  51  and a third winding coil unit  52  are respectively provided on the three iron cores, and three winding coil components are provided on each of the three winding coil units, i.e., nine winding coil components are provided on the stator iron cores The nine winding coil components all function on a rotor, in such a manner that the rotor is capable of starting quickly. 
         [0036]    According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first iron coil  22 , the second iron coil  27 , the third iron core  30  are all formed by winding silicon steel thin sheet from the inside out, a wire slot thereof is a U-shape slot having an inclination angle of 0-30°, 
         [0037]    wherein the first motor stator winding coil  34 , the second motor stator winding coil  35 , the third motor stator winding coil  39 , the fourth motor stator winding coil  42 , the fifth motor stator winding coil  43 , the sixth motor stator winding coil  44 , the seventh motor stator winding coil  47 , the eighth motor stator winding coil  48 , and the ninth motor stator winding coil  49  are winding on side faces of the first iron coil  22 , the second iron coil  27 , and the third iron coil  30 , 
         [0038]    wherein the nine motor stator winding coils in unit respectively wind on the first iron core, the second iron core and the third iron core which are corresponded in three phases, in such a manner that wire coils of a unit is accomplished. 
         [0039]    In other words, referring to  FIG. 1-6 , the present invention provides a combined motor, comprising:
   an upper shell  17 ,   a lower shell  14 ,   a front cover  10 ,   a rear cover  18 , wherein the upper shell  17 , the lower shell  14 , the front cover  10  and the rear cover  18  are connected with each other and form an inner space,   a main dynamical axis  12  provided in the inner space   a single-unit motor  11  provided around the main dynamical axis  12 , and comprising a first stator  23  and a first rotor  20  which are cooperated with each other,   a double-unit motor  13  provided around the main dynamical axis  12 , and comprising a second stator  26 , a third stator  31  and a second rotor  28 , wherein the second rotor  28  is connected with the main dynamical axis  12  and cooperated with the second stator  26  and the third stator  31 ,   a pulley  3  provided on the main dynamical axis  12 , and   a first encoder  15  and a second encoder  16  provided on the main dynamical axis  12  which are respectively connected with an electronic control for detecting and transmitting a speed signal.   
 
         [0049]    Preferably, the first stator  23  comprises a first stator magneto-resistance support  24 , a first iron core  22 , and a fourth stator winding coil  42 , a fifth stator winding coil  43  and a sixth stator winding coil  46  which wind on the first iron core;
   the second stator  26  comprises a second stator magneto-resistance support  25 , a second iron core  27 , and a first stator winding coil  34 , a second stator winding coil  35  and a third stator winding coil  39  which wind on the second iron core  27 ;   the third stator  31  comprises a third stator magneto-resistance support  32 , a third iron core  30 , and a seventh stator winding coil  47 , an eighth stator winding coil  48  and a nine stator winding coil  49  which wind on the third iron core  30 .   
 
         [0052]    Preferably, the first rotor  20  comprises a first rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet  36 , and a first magnetic steel  37  provided on the first rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet  36 ,
   the second rotor  28  comprises a second rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet  40 , a third rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet  45 , a second magnetic steel  41  provided on the second rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet  40 , and a third magnetic steel  46  provided on the third rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet  45 , wherein the second rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet  40  and the third rotor magnetic conductive steel sheet  45  are oppositely provided, and respectively coupling with the second stator  26  and the third stator  31 .   
 
         [0054]    Preferably, a first double row angular contact ball bearing  21  is provided in the single-unit motor  11 , a second double row angular contact ball bearing  29 , and a third double row angular contact ball bearing  38  are provided in the double-unit motor  13 , so as to support a space between the stators and the rotors. 
         [0055]    Preferably, each of the first motor stator winding coil  34 , the second motor stator winding coil  35 , the third motor stator winding coil  39 , the fourth motor stator winding coil  42 , the fifth motor stator winding coil  43 , the sixth motor stator winding coil  44 , the seventh motor stator winding coil  47 , the eighth motor stator winding coil  48 , and the ninth motor stator winding coil  49  comprises three winding coil units, i.e., nine winding coil units are provided on each of the first iron core  22 , the second iron core  27  and the third iron core  30 , and the nine winding coil units all interacts on one rotor, in such a manner that the rotor is capable of starting quickly in a short time. 
         [0056]    Preferably, each of the first iron core  22 , the second iron core  27  and the third iron core  30  is formed by winding silicon steel thin sheet from the inside out, a wire slot thereof is a U-shape slot having an inclination angle of 0-30°. 
         [0057]    Preferably, pole-pairs numbers of the combined motor are 3-20 pairs. 
         [0058]    Preferably, non-uniform air-gaps are adopted in the combined motor. 
       Effects of Implementation and Application 
       [0059]    Compared with a conventional column type permanent magnet motor, advantages of the present invention disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor are following. 
         [0060]    When applied to a city public bus, the conventional column type permanent magnet motor requires a voltage of over 600V; however the disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor requires a voltage of only 300V. 
         [0061]    When applied to a compact car, the conventional column type permanent magnet motor requires a voltage of over 360V; however the disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor requires a voltage of only 115V. 
         [0062]    Taking a city public bus of 10 meters as an example for calculating, a highest torque thereof is 460 Nm, and in order to output the 460 Nm torque required, the conventional column type permanent magnet motor should be under a voltage of 600V and a power of 200 KW. Electric current that the conventional column type permanent magnet motor requires at the highest torque output is 2.5 times as thereof the constant-speed torque output, e.g., the electric current output under 200 KW/600V and at the constant-speed torque is 400 A, while the electric current output at the highest torque is 1000 A. Therefore, the voltage of 600V is for protecting excessive doubled heavy-current release. Thus, in order to meet function requirements mentioned above, volume of a motor body should be about 1 m×1.5 m. And a huge volume of a whole motor requires adjusting structures greatly in function matching, which increases manufacture cost for a whole function significantly. Further, when applied in cities, high power of over 600V requires constructing a large number of high voltage generating station for matching, which greatly enhances investment of the entire projects as well. 
         [0063]    The disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet consists of one and a half combinations, i.e., three disk-shaped stators, a double-sided rotor and a one-sided rotor. Three motor winding coil components are adopted in each motor disk-shaped stator unit. Output power of one motor winding coil component is 10 KW, and for 9 motor winding coil components (1×3×3=9), total output power is 90 KW. Output torque of each motor unit is 200 Nm, and for three motor units, total output torque is 200×3=600 Nm. Under 10 KW/300V, each of the motor winding coil components requires an electric current of 33 A, and electric current of the whole motor required is 33×3×3=99 A×3=300 A. 
         [0064]    Application of high power is for improving efficiency ratio of the motor. 
         [0065]    Adopting the voltage of 600V in conventional column type permanent magnet motors is aimed for the power of 200 KW of the whole motor. 
         [0066]    Adopting the voltage of 300V in the disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent motor is aimed for nine 10 KW-powers, and the power of the whole motor is 90 KW. A ratio of the 300V adopted in the disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent motor to a voltage adopted in conventional column type permanent magnet motors is over 10:1. Torque in a low-speed starting and high-torque output is twice as thereof the conventional column type permanent magnet motors. 
         [0067]    The whole device is capable of starting only when electric current of the conventional column type permanent magnet motor is 2.5 times as electric current under rated power of the whole motor. 
         [0068]    The disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor is capable of starting the whole device quickly in a short time when electric current thereof is improved by 20% on a basis of an electric current required under a rated power, which shortens discharge time of heavy electric current when starting and speeding up the device. Especially when the device reaches a certain speed, electric current of one motor group (one motor unit and three winding coil components) is turned off automatically by a controller, in such a manner that power and energy of the whole motor is applied more reasonably, in such a manner that each of the motor unit is ensured to be at a highest efficient point of working conditions. E.g., when the three motor units are operating at a highest efficient point of working conditions, electric current of the whole motor is 99 A×3=300 A. However, when one motor unit is turned off, the electric current thereof is only 200 A, which can not be achieved by conventional column type permanent magnet motors. Under a same voltage and a same 200 A electric current, output power and output torque of the disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet is over two times of a conventional column type permanent magnet motor. 
         [0069]    The disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor does not have excitation loss, has high efficiency, high power factor, high power density, small volume. Furthermore, coupling with a vector variable frequency speed regulation controller, the disk-shaped multi-combined three-dimensional permanent magnet motor contributes to pioneering innovation in era proposition of high efficiency and energy conservation. 
         [0070]    One skilled in the art will understand that the embodiment of the present invention as shown in the drawings and described above is exemplary only and not intended to be limiting. 
         [0071]    It will thus be seen that the objects of the present invention have been fully and effectively accomplished. Its embodiments have been shown and described for the purposes of illustrating the functional and structural principles of the present invention and is subject to change without departure from such principles. Therefore, this invention includes all modifications encompassed within the spirit and scope of the following claims.