Abstract:
Information is identified as sensitive and a lapsed time job (Chron Job) is created that will allow the deletion of sensitive information after a period of time. The interval could be set to be longer than vacation or other planned use, and yet short enough to limit the period where risk to the organization or individual is incurred. The Chron Job could be integrated with the user&#39;s calendar, such that the Chron Job considers holiday time as a means of delaying execution of the Chron Job which would allow a shorter interval to be selected. In addition to deletion of the information identified as sensitive, additional steps could also be taken, such as the purging of the recycle bin, modification of the FAT, and optionally the deletion of related information. Once information is identified as sensitive, the information and derivative works are tracked and managed.

Description:
FIELD 
       [0001]    Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to information management. More specifically, an exemplary embodiment is directed toward management of sensitive information, including deletion of sensitive information upon detection of a triggering event. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    The proliferation of electronic devices has had corresponding increase in the amount of sensitive information that is stored on these devices. Devices such as cell phones, PDA&#39;s, laptops, smart devices, and the like, include memories and such functionality as “auto complete” that are capable of storing information that may be sensitive—this sensitive information can include passwords, account information, SSN&#39;s, credit card information, proprietary company information, etc. 
         [0003]    Laptop computers are also becoming smaller and lighter with ever increasing storage capacities. It is possible to store tremendous amounts of information on today&#39;s laptops, with some of that information being potentially sensitive or confidential. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0004]    While convenience and work portability are greatly increased with the ability to store and transport information, there is an increased exposure and potential liability if this information is misplaced, lost, stolen or accessed in an unauthorized manner. 
         [0005]    Furthermore, identity theft is currently affecting about 1 in 15 people, and corporate espionage is becoming more commonly used to gain an unlawful competitive advantage. 
         [0006]    Exemplary aspects of the invention are, in general, operating system and application agnostic, can apply to enterprise, corporate, personal or other information that is identified as sensitive, and allows the management of such information to assist with the dissemination, accessibility and lifecycle of the information. 
         [0007]    In a normal enterprise or other large user environment, an organization typically has the need to place or download sensitive financial, planning, personal information, or the like, on a variety of computing devices. This information could be in databases, spreadsheets, presentations, email, in a file, associated with an application, in a device, such as a smart device, or other electronic form. Numerous recent news headlines have highlighted the embarrassment of large organizations when this personal or sensitive information has found its way into the wrong hands. Unfortunately, the reality is that normal day-to-day business requires associates to manage personal or other sensitive information as part of daily workflow. However, the loss of a single computing device creates risk for the organization, such as identity theft, loss of strategic advantage, disclosure of sensitive information, and the like. One exemplary embodiment of this invention seeks to at least partly mitigate this problem via a simple method of file identification and deletion. 
         [0008]    In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, information is identified as sensitive and a lapsed time job (Chron Job) is created that will allow the deletion of sensitive information after a period of time. The interval to initiate a Chron Job could be set to be longer than vacation or other planned use, and yet short enough to limit the period where risk to the organization or individual is incurred. The Chron Job could be integrated with the user&#39;s calendar, such that the Chron Job considers holiday or vacation time as a means of delaying execution of the Chron Job which would allow a shorter interval to be selected. In addition to deletion of the information identified as sensitive, additional steps could also be taken, such as the purging of the recycle bin, modification of the file allocation table, and possibly the deletion of related information. Once information is identified as sensitive, the information could be partitioned into folders, directories or the like, then entered into the Chron Job for automatic deletion. 
         [0009]    Furthermore, Chron Jobs could be accelerated by activities that appear to be bogus login or access attempts. A variety of detection means for unauthorized access attempts could be used such as two or more incorrect login attempts, or the like. If the computing equipment were equipped with wireless communication means, execution of the Chron Job or acceleration of the same due to perceived unauthorized login or tampering could communicate the device&#39;s location to the enterprise or organization. These basic concepts can be extended to any smart device or in general, any device that is capable of storing sensitive information such as a flashcard, USB drive, PDA, cell phone, set-type box, personal computer, or the like. The combination of these methods can advantageously partially mitigate the risks associated with loss or theft of sensitive information or the device containing the sensitive information. 
         [0010]    The net value to an enterprise or other large organization could be very large when one considers the liabilities associated with loss of personal, strategic planning, or financial information. The invention may further mitigate litigation risks when a company or organization takes proactive steps to safeguard such information. 
         [0011]    Other exemplary aspects of the invention relate to a graphical user interface that could be triggered to be displayed upon the identification of information as sensitive. Once information is identified as sensitive, related information, such as files derived from the information identified as sensitive, emails that are generated as a result of forwarding or replying to an original email with sensitive information, or the like, could trigger an alert to the user that the information is sensitive, and/or could provide the user with the ability to modify the Chron Job associated with that sensitive information. 
         [0012]    Still another exemplary aspect of the invention relates to the utilization of signatures, such as LAN or WAN information, MAC addresses, hardware signatures, such as BIOS identifiers, PC hardware and/or software configurations, memorized passwords, external access profiles, and the like, to assist with identifying when the sensitive information may be outside its normal (or authorized) operating environment. If it is determined that the sensitive information is outside its authorized environment, a tamper flag can be generated, and management of the sensitive information to include, deletion, sanitizing, overriding, or additional access restrictions put in place. 
         [0013]    Still further exemplary aspects of the invention relate to a smart calendaring function that is capable of interfacing with a calendar, such as an electronic calendar, and delaying the deletion or other handling of sensitive information based on, for example, a vacation scheduled by the user, holidays, travel plans, or the like. 
         [0014]    Thus, an exemplary aspect of the invention is directed toward information management. 
         [0015]    Further aspects of the invention relate to sensitive information management, wherein the management at least includes one or more of deletion, sanitizing, restricted access, identification, unauthorized access detection, and the like. 
         [0016]    Additional aspects of the invention relate to intelligence that analyzes sensitive information and determines an appropriate action to take based on the sensitive information. 
         [0017]    Still further aspects of the invention relate to assigning a degree of sensitivity to sensitive information. 
         [0018]    Still further aspects of the invention relate to utilizing the assigned degree of sensitivity to prioritize actions upon a triggering event, such as tamper detection. 
         [0019]    Still further aspects of the invention relate to the management of sensitive information in one or more of a file, folder, email, data field, application, database, operating system, smart device, directory, or the like. The sensitive information can be, for example, personal, enterprise level, corporate, or in general any information identified as sensitive such as a bank account number, social security number, or the like. 
         [0020]    Aspects of the invention also relate to the tracking of sensitive information through various types of media and/or into other formats and determining if an associated document, format, email, or the like, should also be identified as sensitive. 
         [0021]    Another exemplary aspect of the invention relates to restricting access to information identified as sensitive by preventing boot of a device, blanking the screen of a device, disabling an input device, such as a keyboard, halting an application, obfuscating sensitive information, restricting distribution, preventing access to a device, requesting supplemental authentication, altering a boot sequence, modifying an operating system or profile, disabling a device, or the like. 
         [0022]    Still further aspects of the invention relate to associating a sensitive information identifier with information identified as sensitive. This sensitive information identifier can be stored in one or more of the header of a file, a file allocation table, watermark, associated with an email, data field, database, or the like, or in general associated with any electronic information identified as sensitive. 
         [0023]    Still further aspects of the invention relate to providing a user interface that allows the management, including creation, deletion and editing, of a sensitive information identifier associated with sensitive information. 
         [0024]    These and other features and advantages will be apparent from the disclosure herein. The described embodiments and configurations are neither complete nor exhaustive. As will be appreciated, other embodiments of the invention are possible utilizing, alone or in combination, one or more features as set forth above, or described in detail below. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0025]    Exemplary embodiments of the invention will be described in detail, with reference to the following figures, wherein: 
           [0026]      FIG. 1  illustrates an exemplary information management system; 
           [0027]      FIG. 2  is a flowchart outlining an exemplary method for managing sensitive information; 
           [0028]      FIG. 3  is a flowchart outlining an exemplary method for identifying and assigning a ranking to sensitive information; and 
           [0029]      FIG. 4  is a flowchart outlining an exemplary method for deleting or restricting access to sensitive information. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0030]    The exemplary embodiments of this invention will be described in relation to information management. However, it should be appreciated that in general, the systems, methods and techniques of this invention will work well for various types in information in various formats in any electronic environment. 
         [0031]    The exemplary systems, methods and techniques of this invention will be described in relation to information management systems, and associated computing and storage hardware, software and/or communication channels. However, to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention, the following description omits well-known structures, network components and devices that maybe shown in block diagram form, are well known, or are otherwise summarized. 
         [0032]    For purposes of explanation, numerous details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It should be appreciated however, that the present invention may be practiced in a variety of ways beyond the specific details as set forth herein. 
         [0033]    Furthermore, while the exemplary embodiments illustrated herein show various components of the system collocated, it is to be appreciated that the various components of the system can be located at distant portions of a distributed network, such as a communications network and/or the Internet, or within a dedicated secure, unsecured, and/or encrypted system. Thus, it should be appreciated that the components of the system can be combined into one or more devices, such as a computer, smart device, storage device, or the like, or collocated on a particular node of a distributed network, such as an analog and/or digital communications network, a circuit-switched network and/or a packet-switched network. As will be appreciated from the following description and for reasons of computational efficiency, the components of the system can be arranged at any location within a distributed network without affecting the operation of the system. For example, the various components can be distributed in a client-server type architecture, at one or more users&#39; devices, in a dedicated information management module, or some combination thereof. 
         [0034]    Similarly, one or more functional portions of the system could be distributed between a storage device(s) and an associated computing device. 
         [0035]    It should also be appreciated that various links, including any communications channels and the various links  5 , connecting the elements, can be wired or wireless links, or any combination thereof, or any other well-known or later developed element(s) that is capable of supplying and/or communicating data to and from the connected elements. The term module as used herein can refer to any known or later developed hardware, software, firmware, fuzzy logic, expert system, neural network or combination thereof that is capable of performing the functionality associated with that element. The terms determined, calculate and compute and variations thereof, as used herein are interchangeable and include any type of methodology, process, mathematical operation or technique. Furthermore, it is to be noted that the term “a” or “an” entity refers to one or more of that entity. As such, the terms “a” or “an”, “one or more” and “at least one” can be used interchangeably herein. It is also to be noted that the terms “comprising”, “including” and “having” can be used interchangeably. 
         [0036]    Also, while the flowcharts have been discussed and illustrated in relation to a particular sequence of events, it should be appreciated that changes, additions, and omissions to this sequence can occur without materially affecting the operation of the invention. 
         [0037]    As will be appreciated, the information management system  1  can also comprise other well known components which will not be described herein in detail. For example, the information management system  1  can further include one or more processors, memory, communications devices, or the like that can be of any architecture for assisting with information management. 
         [0038]      FIG. 1  illustrates an exemplary information management system  1 . The information management system  1  comprises a signature module  110 , a tamper module  120 , an intelligent analysis module  130 , an information purging module  140 , a user interface module  150 , a SID (Sensitive Information Identifier) profile management module  160 , a SID action module  170 , a SID  180 , and sensitive information  190 . The sensitive information  190  can at least be one or more of a file, folder, email, data field, application, database, memorized password, external access information, electric information, device, directory, or the like,  195 . 
         [0039]    In operation, information is received by the information management system  1 . For example, the information management system  1  can monitor communications within a particular environment, such as a personal computer, enterprise, company, or the like, and analyze the information to determine whether the information should be (or has been) identified as sensitive. More specifically, and in cooperation with the intelligent analysis module  130  and SID profile management module  160 , certain patterns or profiles can be utilized to allow the information management system  1 , and in particular, the intelligent analysis module  130 , to determine if information is sensitive. 
         [0040]    For example, the pattern or profile can specify that if information is:
       1. a field is identified by a sensitive field name (e.g., SSN),   2. a SID is associated with the information,   3. a communication is marked as sensitive,   4. a communication is related to sensitive information (e.g., keywords),   5. a document is created by a certain user or group of users,   6. a document includes a password,   7. a sender or recipient address is in a predetermined list, and/or   8. the information is associated with a category of person(s) within an organization, or the like,
 
the intelligent analysis module  130  can assign a SID  180  to the sensitive information  190 . This SID  180  is then associated with the sensitive information  190 .
       
 
         [0049]    The SID profile management module  160  can be preprogrammed to include information to assist the intelligent analysis module  130  with the identification of sensitive information. For example, field names, (such as SSN, account number, or the like), document creation information, sender or recipient information, or in general, any information that assists the intelligent analysis module  130  to identify sensitive information can be used as a template for sensitive information identification in the SID profile management module  160 . 
         [0050]    The information that can be added into the SID profile management module  160  may also be templates that, for example, are user or enterprise specific, data specific, or the like, and can also be used with an expert system that is capable of tracking and performing an analysis across, for example, a plurality of documents that may not be received by the intelligent analysis module  130  coincident in time. These templates allow the information management system  1  to appropriately identify, subsequently manage and track sensitive information. 
         [0051]    Once information is identified as sensitive, a sensitive information identifier  180  is appended or otherwise associated with the sensitive information. For example, the sensitive information identifier can be placed in a header of a file or email, it can be a separate tag or file associated with the sensitive information, it could apply to a portion of or the entirety of the electronic information identified as sensitive information, it can be a flag, or, in general, any indicator that allows the intelligent analysis module  130  to track sensitive information  190  within any electronic environment. 
         [0052]    Furthermore, the sensitive information identifier  180  could be portable such that if, for example, a file was transferred from a hard drive to a USB storage device, the sensitive information identifier “follows” the sensitive information. As is well known in the computer industry, various techniques can also be used to encrypt, obfuscate, or otherwise hide the sensitive information identifier such that tampering with or attempting to delete the sensitive information identifier is made more difficult. 
         [0053]    In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the information management system  1  is an application that resides on, for example, a personal computer, and analyzes or sniffs information within a device as well as information communicated to or from the device. It should also be appreciated that the information management system  1  could be embedded in, for example, the BIOS of a personal computer or portable storage device, or could be a dedicated, stand-alone appliance operating on, for example, a corporate network such as a LAN or WAN. 
         [0054]    An optional user interface module  150  can be provided that allows, for example, one or more of administration of the SID(s) and user manipulation of an assigned sensitive information identifier. For example, and based on certain administrative type rights, a user interface can selectively be displayed to a user that one or more of: confirms that a sensitive information identifier should be assigned to the identified sensitive information, allows the change in the ranking of the sensitive information identifier, allows a user to manually add a sensitive information identifier to information, allows the deletion of a sensitive information identifier from information, allows the changing of the Chron Job options, and the management of an associated sensitive information action (if present). 
         [0055]    In addition to the intelligent analysis module  130  having the capability of sniffing, for example, network traffic in a corporate LAN or WAN environment, the intelligent analysis module  130  can also monitor more granular actions within, for example, a personal computer environment to assist with determining whether sensitive information is being extracted from, for example, a first document and transferred to a second, or derivative document or work. 
         [0056]    For example, in an email environment, if a user forwards an email identified as sensitive, the intelligent analysis module  130  can be used to append a new sensitive information identifier to the forwarded email, or copy all or a portion of the existing sensitive information identifier from the originating email to the forwarded email. 
         [0057]    In a similar manner, if a field, such as the “SSN field” within a database is copied into a text document, using, for example, the cut and paste keystrokes, the intelligent analysis module  130  can monitor the cut and paste activity and also associate a sensitive information identifier  180  with the text document. The extent of the sniffing of the intelligent analysis module  130  can be governed by the SID profile management module  160  and completely customized based on, for example, a user&#39;s requirements and/or specifications. 
         [0058]    Once the information is identified as sensitive, as discussed above, the sensitive information identifier is associated with that information. As discussed, actions can be associated with the sensitive information such as deleting of the sensitive information, restricting access to the sensitive information, or the like. These various actions can be identified by the sensitive information identifier and the actions performed in conjunction with the sensitive information identifier action module  170 . For example, if an expiration time is associated with the sensitive information, the sensitive information identifier action module  170  can detect that the expiration time limit has been triggered and, in conjunction with the information purging module  140 , can delete or delete and sanitize the sensitive information. For sanitization, not only is the sensitive information deleted, but such items such as copies of the sensitive information in the recycle bin are deleted, the file allocation table is overwritten, and the physical space where the sensitive information was stored is overwritten. In general, sanitization allows all traces of the sensitive information to be eliminated. Also, optionally, a report can be provided to, for example, a system administrator that identifies back-up tapes that require sanitization. 
         [0059]    An option can also be provided such that before purging of the sensitive information, a query can be generated that confirms the deletion of the sensitive information. For example, user interface module  150  can provide a user interface to the user confirming that the delete action is appropriate. Upon the confirmation of an authorized bypass, the user interface module  150  can, for example, provide the user with an interface that allows for manipulation of the sensitive information identifier that allows, for example, the editing of any particular information associated with the sensitive information identifier to include, for example, the expiration time of the sensitive information. 
         [0060]    The signature module  110  and tamper module  120  further allow for the management of sensitive information by one or more of restricting access to the sensitive information or deleting the sensitive information upon, for example, detection of a certain activity. 
         [0061]    More specifically, the signature module  110  can be activated upon a request to access sensitive information. The signature module  110  can analyze the sensitive information identifier and determine, for example, whether environmental constraints within the sensitive information identifier are satisfied. For example, the sensitive information identifier can specify that the sensitive information can only be opened on, for example, a PC with a particular hardware signature. Other examples of signatures include file size, user name, MAC addresses, or in general any information that can be used to restrict access to the sensitive information to a particular environment. 
         [0062]    If a request to access the sensitive information is detected, the signature module  110  determines whether the environment from the access request matches the signature stored in the sensitive information identifier. If the signature matches, access is allowed. However, if the signature does not match, access is restricted, as will be discussed hereinafter, unless, as discussed above, a bypass is detected. 
         [0063]    In addition to having the capability of restricting access to sensitive information, the information management system  1  can also, in conjunction with the tamper module  120 , delete sensitive information upon the detection of a specific activity(s). For example, the detection of numerous invalid password attempts, the relocating of a laptop outside an authorized use environment, the detection of attempts to forward information to an unauthorized user, or the like, can trigger one or more of deletion and sanitization of sensitive information. As above, a bypass is available that allows the overriding of the deletion or sanitization upon, for example, the entry of an appropriate administrator-type password. If a bypass is not detected, the sensitive information can be automatically deleted or sanitized. 
         [0064]    More specifically, if a delete sensitive information request is received by the information purging module  140 , the information purging module  140  locates the sensitive information. If there are derivative works associated with the sensitive information, and based on the sensitive information identifier and the sensitive identifier action module  170 , one or more of the sensitive information and associated derivative works are deleted. If the sensitive information identifier action module  170  further specifies that the sensitive information and/or derivative works should be sanitized, then the information is sanitized as appropriate. 
         [0065]    If one or more of the signature module  110  and tamper module  120  determine that access should be restricted to specific sensitive information, the two modules can cooperate to one or more of prevent boot of a device, blank the screen of the device, disable the keyboard or other input or communication device, halt an application, obfuscate sensitive information (for example by placing asterisks over the sensitive information), restrict distribution of the sensitive information, prevent access to the device that contains the sensitive information, request supplemental authentication for access to the sensitive information, alter the boot sequence of a device that contains the sensitive information, modify the operating system and/or profile of the device comprising the sensitive information and/or disable the device. 
         [0066]    For example, assume a laptop has been stolen. Typically, a laptop in a corporate network environment upon booting, authenticates to the network. If the laptop is booted in a manner such that authentication cannot be completed, an exemplary embodiment allows the logon/boot process to be altered to protect the sensitive information. Specifically, in conjunction with a process started by the sensitive information identifier action module  170 , and an indicator from one or more of the signature module  110  and tamper module  120  that a tamper has been detected, the sensitive information identifier action module  170  could cooperate with the information purging module  140  to commence sanitization of all sensitive information on the laptop. In addition to the sanitization, the system can also optionally hide from the user what action is actually being completed by, for example, providing dummy login screen(s), blanking the screen, etc. 
         [0067]    As will be appreciated, and to increase robustness of the system, one or more portions of the information management system  1  can be included in the BIOS, boot sector, or the like, that is the point of entry for access to the physical media on which the sensitive information is stored. 
         [0068]    As discussed above, if the tamper module  120  or signature module  110  determine that deletion or access restriction to sensitive information should be implemented, ranking information can also be taken into account to determine the type of deletion or access restriction that should be utilized. For example, for less sensitive information, it may be sufficient to lock the keyboard and blank the screen of a laptop computer. For extremely sensitive information on the other hand, the boot sequence could be altered and sanitization of the sensitive information commenced in conjunction with blanking of the screen such that the user that attempted the unauthorized access is unaware of what is happening behind the scenes. 
         [0069]    Tables I-IV illustrate various exemplary sensitive information identifiers highlighting the non-limiting types of information that can be associated with the SID. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE I 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SID 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Information: 
                 C:/documents/Sensitive.txt 
               
               
                   
                 Time to Expire: 
                 Dec. 31, 2008 
               
               
                   
                 Exceptions: 
                 None 
               
               
                   
                 Derivative Information: 
                 None 
               
               
                   
                 Action: 
                 Delete 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0070]    Table I illustrates an exemplary SID associated with the document Sensitive.txt. The SID specifies that the document Sensitive.txt will expire on Dec. 31, 2008 and no exceptions are allowed. The time to expire need not be limited to a fixed date. Optionally, the time to expire could be based on a template, such as for Sarbanes-Oxley compliance. For example, instead of an expiration time, a time to retain the information could be specified. Furthermore, the sensitive information does not need to be limited to information that is sensitive, but, in general, the systems, methods and techniques of this invention can be used to associate a SID with any type of information and the actions, etc, within the SID can be configurable in any manner. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE II 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SID 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Information: 
                 C:/email/messageID:35489MMRS 
               
               
                 Ranking: 
                 4 
               
               
                 Time to Expire: 
                 3 Months 
               
               
                 Action: 
                 Delete All 
               
               
                 Exceptions: 
                 Bypass Allowed 
               
               
                 Derivative Information: 
                 Forwarded Email messageID: 
               
               
                   
                 35489MMRSfwd 
               
               
                   
                 Reply Email messageID:35489MMRSrpl 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0071]    Table II illustrates an exemplary SID associated with an email. The SID specifies that the email will expire in three months and that a bypass is allowed. The action indicates that the email and all derivative works are to be deleted. For this example, since the email was ranked as a 4, no sanitization was necessary. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE III 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SID 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Information: 
                 C:/Secrets.txt 
               
               
                 SID Location: 
                 /hidden/SIDs/Secrets.txt.SID 
               
               
                 Ranking: 
                 1 
               
               
                 Time to Expire: 
                 1 Week 
               
               
                 Exceptions: 
                 Bypass Allowed-Admin Privileges Only 
               
               
                 Derivative Information: 
                 Cut and Paste to New Document: 
               
               
                   
                 //user/Mr.X/IgnoreThis.txt 
               
               
                   
                 New Email with IgnoreThis.txt as 
               
               
                   
                 attachment 
               
               
                   
                 messageID: 365732.410874 
               
               
                 Accelerate: 
                 If 
               
               
                   
                 Attempt to move information out of XYZ 
               
               
                   
                 Company network 
               
               
                   
                 Then 
               
               
                   
                 Immediately Sanitize, Log and Report to 
               
               
                   
                 Security 
               
               
                 Action: 
                 Sanitize All 
               
               
                 Log: 
                 Opened By: 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                 Edited By: 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                 Copied By: 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                 Viewed By: 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0072]    Table III illustrates an exemplary SID associated with a document Secrets.txt. The SID specifies that the document will expire in one week, based on a ranking of 1, and that a bypass is allowed by a certain category of users. The storage location of the SID is also shown in this exemplary SID, and can optionally be hidden. Derivative information is also shown with a conditional accelerate action provided based on certain criteria. Based on the ranking of 1, the action triggered by the time to expire is sanitization of the document as well as all derivative works. Log information is also kept for this document and tracks, as an example, who opens the document, who edits the document, who copies the document and who has viewed the document. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE IV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SID 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Information: 
                 /emailserver/emailstorage/ 
               
               
                   
                 messageID:163325.215 
               
               
                 Ranking: 
                 1 
               
               
                 Time to Expire: 
                 Conditional 
               
               
                 Action: 
                 Sanitize All if accelerate condition met 
               
               
                 Limitations: 
                 Do not allow copying to other formats 
               
               
                   
                 Use notify GUI if attempted 
               
               
                 Exceptions: 
                 Bypass Allowed-Admin Privileges Only 
               
               
                 Derivative 
                 Forwarded to X with messageID:163325.215fwd 
               
               
                 Information: 
                 Forwarded to Y with 
               
               
                   
                 messageID:163325.215fwd2 
               
               
                   
                 Forwarded to Z with messageID:163325.215fwd3 
               
               
                   
                 Reply to all with messageID:163325.215rplyall 
               
               
                 Accelerate: 
                 If 
               
               
                   
                 Attempt to move information out of XYZ 
               
               
                   
                 Company network 
               
               
                   
                 Then 
               
               
                   
                 Immediately Sanitize, Log and Report to 
               
               
                   
                 Security 
               
               
                   
                 Or 
               
               
                   
                 If 
               
               
                   
                 Requested by Admin 
               
               
                   
                 Then 
               
               
                   
                 Locate and sanitize all 
               
               
                   
                 Or 
               
               
                   
                 If tamper attempt 
               
               
                   
                 Then 
               
               
                   
                 Locate and sanitize all 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
               
               
                 Action: 
                 Sanitize All 
               
               
                 Log: 
                 Opened By: 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                 Edited By: 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                 Copied By: 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                 Viewed By: 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0073]    Table IV illustrates another exemplary SID. This SID is for an email with a ranking of 1 and a conditional time to expire. Upon the condition being satisfied, all emails associated with the original email are sanitized. This SID further specifies that copying (such as a cut and past or “save as”) are prohibited for this email and a pop-up is displayed to the user reminding them of this limitation. As with the above examples, derivative information is tracked, a conditional accelerate condition is provided and a log is maintained. 
         [0074]      FIG. 2  outlines an exemplary method for managing sensitive information. In particular, control begins in step S 200  and continues to step S 205 . In step S 205 , sensitive information is identified. For example, as discussed above, the identification of sensitive information can be based on a profile or template. Alternatively, or in addition, upon creation of sensitive information, a user interface can be provided that allows a sensitive information identifier to be created and associated with the sensitive information. (Step S 210 ) Next, in step S 215 , a determination is made whether an expiration time has been detected. If an expiration time has been detected that specifies the deletion of sensitive information control continues to step S 220 . Otherwise, control jumps to step S 230 . 
         [0075]    In step S 220  a determination is made whether a bypass (or override sequence) has been entered. If a bypass has been entered, control jumps to step S 230 . Otherwise, control continues to step S 225  where the sensitive information is one or more of deleted and sanitized. Control then continues to step S 230 . 
         [0076]    In step S 230 , a determination is made whether one or more activities have been detected that justify restriction of access to sensitive information. If such an activity has been detected, control continues to step S 235 , with control otherwise jumping to step S 245 . 
         [0077]    In step S 235 , a determination is made whether a bypass has been entered. If a bypass is entered, control continues to step S 245 . Otherwise, control continues to step S 240  where access to the sensitive information is restricted. Control then continues to S 245 . 
         [0078]    In step S 245 , a determination is made whether activity has been detected that justifies the deletion of sensitive information. If a triggering activity has been detected, control continues to step S 250  with control otherwise jumping to step S 260 . 
         [0079]    In step S 250 , a determination is made whether a bypass has been entered. If a bypass is entered, control continues to step S 260  where the control sequence ends. 
         [0080]    Otherwise, in lieu of a bypass event, control continues to step S 255  where the sensitive information is one or more of deleted and sanitized with control continuing to step S 260  where the control sequence ends. 
         [0081]      FIG. 3  outlines in greater detail, the identify sensitive information step S 205  of  FIG. 2 . In particular, control begins at step S 300  and continues to step S 305 . In step S 305 , information is analyzed or sniffed and compared in step S 310  to one or more profiles. If the information or portions thereof, correspond to profiles or templates that have been identified as sensitive information, in step S 315 , control continues to step S 320 . Otherwise, if the information is not identified as being sensitive, control jumps to step S 335  where the control sequence ends. 
         [0082]    In step S 320 , a ranking can optionally be assigned to the sensitive information. If a ranking is assigned, control continues to step S 325  where a ranking is assigned and associated with the SID. Otherwise, control continues to step S 330  where a SID is assigned to the sensitive information with control continuing to step S 335  where the control sequence ends. 
         [0083]      FIG. 4  outlines in greater detail the deletion of sensitive information or restricting of access to sensitive information steps of  FIG. 2 . In particular, control begins in step S 400  and continues to step S 405 . In step S 305 , a determination is made whether a request to delete sensitive information has been received. If a request to delete sensitive information has been received, control continues to step S 410 . Otherwise, control jumps to step S 430 . 
         [0084]    In step S 410 , the sensitive information is located. Optionally, any derivative work(s) can also be located. Next, in step S 415 , the sensitive information is deleted. Optionally, any derivative work(s) can also be deleted. Then, in step S 420 , a determination is made, for example, based on a ranking associated with the sensitive information, whether the sensitive information (and optionally derivative work(s)) should be sanitized. If the sensitive information should be sanitized, control continues to step S 425  where the sensitive information is sanitized with control otherwise jumping to step S 430 . 
         [0085]    In step S 430 , a determination is made whether a request to restrict access to the sensitive information has been received. If a request to restrict access to the sensitive information has been received, control continues to step S 435 . Otherwise, control jumps to step S 440  where the control sequence ends. 
         [0086]    In step S 435 , one or more of the following actions could be utilized to restrict access to the sensitive information. The type of action chosen can be based on, for example, the ranking associated with the sensitive information and the access restriction can be combined with the deletion and/or sanitization steps discussed above. For example, the access restriction can prevent boot of a device, blank the screen, lock the keyboard or other input device, halt an application(s), obfuscate sensitive information on a display device, restrict distribution, such as email forwarding, copying, or cutting and pasting of the sensitive information, prevent access to the device, such as a hard drive, smart card, USB storage device, database, or the like, request supplemental authentication for access to the sensitive information, alter a boot sequence, modify an operating system or profile or disable the device. Other options are available to restrict access to sensitive information and can be based on, for example, the environment in which the sensitive information is located. 
         [0087]    In addition to the monitoring of the exchange of information between, for example, various entities, and the information management system tracking the movement of sensitive information, actions initiated by a user can also be monitored to assist with the restriction of distribution of sensitive information and/or access to the sensitive information. For example, if a user selects to “copy” sensitive information with the intention of “pasting” that sensitive information into another document, the intelligent analysis module  130 , in cooperation with the sensitive information identifier action module  150  and SID profile management module  160  can one or more of prohibit the operation, prohibit the operation and notify the user that the operation is not possible based on a sensitivity identifier, block the attempt to copy the sensitive information, delete the sensitive information or in general, perform any action based on information within the sensitive information identifier. The system can also optionally log the attempt to copy the sensitive information. Furthermore, if a bypass is entered, and the blocking overridden, the system can optionally maintain a database of the derivative work into which the sensitive information was copied. 
         [0088]    As another example, a laptop could be configured such that it only operates within a specific geographical region. This geographic area could be modified by travel events that are shown in any scheduler or calendar application. For example, if the laptop is GPS enabled, the sensitive information identifier could contain information that specifies the sensitive information could only be accessed within, for example, the particular geographic region, such as a metropolitan area or within proximity of where the user has travelled to in the case of cross-correlation with a scheduler or calendar application. Should the laptop leave that metropolitan area, the intelligent analysis module  130  can cooperate with the SID profile management module  160  and GPS module and determine, for example, when the laptop leaves that geographically restricted area, whether access to the information should be restricted and/or the information should be deleted or sanitized. 
         [0089]    As another example, the sensitive information identifier could be used by devices receiving the sensitive information to restrict how the sensitive information is handled on the receiving device. For example, a memory device, such as a flash drive, could include a restrictor specifying that sensitive information with a ranking above a certain threshold could not be stored on that device. Therefore, for example, when a user tries to store sensitive information with a ranking above that threshold on the device, an error is generated, the action is not completed, a log is generated, or the like. 
         [0090]    As an example of an extension of the expiration time associated with a sensitive information identifier, assume, for example, the expiration time is set to one year. However, due to holidays at the end of the year, and travel scheduled by the user, this expiration time is extended by 17 days into the following year. At the end of the 17 day extension, the user is queried to confirm whether the sensitive information should be deleted. 
         [0091]    While the above-described flowcharts have been discussed in relation to a particular sequence of events, it should be appreciated that changes to this sequence can occur without materially effecting the operation of the invention. Additionally, the exact sequence of events need not occur as set forth in the exemplary embodiments. The exemplary techniques illustrated herein are not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments but can also be utilized with the other exemplary embodiments and each described feature is individually and separately claimable. 
         [0092]    The above-described system can be implemented on wired and/or wireless telecommunications devices, such a telephone, mobile phone, PDA, a wired and/or wireless wide/local area network system, a satellite communication system, or the like, or on a separate programmed general purpose computer having a communications device(s) or in conjunction with any compatible communications protocol(s). 
         [0093]    Additionally, the systems, methods and protocols of this invention can be implemented on a special purpose computer, a programmed microprocessor or microcontroller and peripheral integrated circuit element(s), an ASIC or other integrated circuit, a digital signal processor, a hard-wired electronic or logic circuit such as discrete element circuit, a programmable logic device such as PLD, PLA, FPGA, PAL, a communications device, such as telecom test device, any comparable means, or the like. In general, any device capable of implementing a state machine that is in turn capable of implementing the methodology illustrated herein can be used to implement the various communication methods, protocols and techniques according to this invention. 
         [0094]    Furthermore, the disclosed methods may be readily implemented in software using object or object-oriented software development environments that provide portable source code that can be used on a variety of computer or workstation platforms. Alternatively, the disclosed system may be implemented partially or fully in hardware using standard logic circuits or VLSI design. Whether software or hardware is used to implement the systems in accordance with this invention is dependent on the speed and/or efficiency requirements of the system, the particular function, and the particular software or hardware systems or microprocessor or microcomputer systems being utilized. The communication systems, methods and protocols illustrated herein can be readily implemented in hardware and/or software using any known or later developed systems or structures, devices and/or software by those of ordinary skill in the applicable art from the functional description provided herein and with a general basic knowledge of the computer and communications arts. 
         [0095]    Moreover, the disclosed methods may be readily implemented in software that can be stored on a storage medium, executed on a programmed general-purpose computer with the cooperation of a controller and memory, a special purpose computer, a microprocessor, or the like. In these instances, the systems and methods of this invention can be implemented as program embedded on personal computer such as an applet, JAVA® or CGI script, as a resource residing on a server or computer workstation, as a routine embedded in a dedicated communication system or system component, or the like. The system can also be implemented by physically incorporating the system and/or method into software and/or hardware system, such as the hardware and software systems of a communications device or system. 
         [0096]    It is therefore apparent that there has been provided, in accordance with the present invention, systems and methods for information management. While this invention has been described in conjunction with a number of embodiments, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations would be or are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the applicable arts. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, equivalents and variations that are within the spirit and scope of this invention.