Abstract:
In a service providing system, a client computer displays chat log data received from a server in a log display area and shared information in a shared-information display area. The chat log data and the shared information, both of which are received from the server, are displayed with graphical information which supplements a relationship between the chat log data and the shared information.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application is a continuation application of, and claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. §120 from, U.S. application Ser. No. 10/314,235, filed Dec. 9, 2002, herein incorporated by reference, which claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 from Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-376944, filed Dec. 11, 2001. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0003]    The present invention relates to service providing systems, information providing apparatuses and methods, information processing apparatuses and methods, and programs, and more particularly relates to a service providing system for enabling a user to communicate with other users more smoothly in a chat system, an information providing apparatus and method, an information processing apparatus and method, and a program. 
         [0004]    2. Description of the Related Art 
         [0005]    One service provided on the Internet is a chat system. In the chat system, text data sent from one client logged on to a server is received by the server, and the received text data is sent to another client logged on to the server. This enables a plurality of users at remote places to easily communicate with one another. 
         [0006]    In a known chat system, the type of data that can be shared by a plurality of users is limited to text data displayed in a window in order of input. Information other than text data displayed in order of input cannot be shared by a plurality of users. A user may not be able to accurately convey desired information that the user wants to convey to another user. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0007]    In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to enable a plurality of users to communicate with one another more smoothly. 
         [0008]    A service providing system of the present invention includes an information providing apparatus and a plurality of information processing apparatuses. The information providing apparatus includes a first storage unit for storing a group to which the information processing apparatuses belong; a second storage unit for storing, when first information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the first information in order of receipt; a third storage unit for storing, when second information differing from the first information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the second information; and a sending unit for simultaneously sending, when the first information or the second information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the received information to the remaining information processing apparatuses belonging to the same group. The information processing apparatuses each include a first providing unit for providing the first information received from the information providing apparatus to a user; and a second providing unit for providing the second information received from the information providing apparatus to the user. 
         [0009]    An information providing apparatus of the present invention includes a first storage unit for storing a group to which information processing apparatuses belong; a second storage unit for storing, when first information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the first information in order of receipt; a third storage unit for storing, when second information differing from the first information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the second information; and a sending unit for simultaneously sending, when the first information or the second information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the received information to the remaining information processing apparatuses belonging to the same group. 
         [0010]    The first information may be text data. 
         [0011]    The second information may include at least one of text data, a graph, a table, and image data. 
         [0012]    The information providing apparatus may further include a determining unit for determining, when the second information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, on the basis of an identification attached to the second information for identifying the second information, whether the second information having the same identification is already stored by the third storage unit; and a storage control unit for deleting, when it is determined by the determining unit that the second information having the same identification as that of the second information received from the information processing apparatus is already stored by the third storage unit, the second information having the same identification, which has been stored by the third storage unit, from the third storage unit. 
         [0013]    When the first information, the second information, and information linking the first information and the second information are received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the second storage unit may store the information linking the first information and the second information in conjunction with the first information. The sending unit may simultaneously send the first information, the second information, and the information linking the first information and the second information to the information processing apparatuses belonging to the same group. 
         [0014]    An information providing method of the present invention includes a first storage step of storing a group to which information processing apparatuses belong; a second storage step of storing, when first information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the first information in order of receipt; a third storage step of storing, when second information differing from the first information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the second information; and a sending step of sending, when the first information or the second information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the received information to the remaining information processing apparatuses belonging to the same group. 
         [0015]    A first program of the present invention causes a computer to perform a first storage control step of controlling storage of a group to which information processing apparatuses belong; a second storage control step of controlling, when first information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, storage of the first information in order of receipt; a third storage control step of controlling, when second information differing from the first information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, storage of the second information; and a sending step of sending, when the first information or the second information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the received information to the remaining information processing apparatuses belonging to the same group. 
         [0016]    An information processing apparatus of the present invention includes a first providing unit for providing first information received from an information providing apparatus to a user; and a second providing unit for providing second information which is received from the information providing apparatus and which differs from the first information to the user. 
         [0017]    The first information may be text data. 
         [0018]    The second information may include at least one of text data, a graph, a table, and image data. 
         [0019]    The first providing unit may provide the first information to the user in order of storage by the information providing apparatus. 
         [0020]    The information processing apparatus may further include a determining unit for determining, in a case in which the second information is provided by the second providing unit to the user, when the second information is received from the information providing apparatus, whether an identification for identifying the received second information is the same as an identification of the second information provided by the second providing unit; and a replacing unit for replacing, when it is determined by the determining unit that the identification of the received second information is the same as the identification of the second information provided by the second providing unit, the second information provided by the second providing unit by the received second information. 
         [0021]    The information processing apparatus may further include a first storage unit for storing the first information received from the information providing apparatus; and a second storage unit for storing the second information received from the information providing apparatus. The first providing unit may provide the first information stored by the first storage unit to the user, and the second providing unit may provide the second information stored by the second storage unit to the user. 
         [0022]    The information processing apparatus may further include a display unit for displaying, when the first information, the second information, and information linking the first information and the second information are received from the information providing apparatus, information indicating a link between the first information provided by the first providing unit and the second providing unit on the basis of the information linking the first information and the second information. 
         [0023]    The information indicating the link between the first information and the second providing unit may be an arrow heading from the first information towards the second providing unit. 
         [0024]    The second providing unit may accept creation of new second information in an area for displaying the second information. 
         [0025]    The information processing apparatus may further include a first accepting unit for accepting input of the first information; a second accepting unit for accepting a link between the first information, the input thereof being accepted by the first accepting unit, and the new second information, the creation thereof being accepted by the second providing unit; a creating unit for creating information linking the first information and the second information on the basis of the link between the first information and the second information, the link being accepted by the second accepting unit; and a sending unit for sending the first information, the input thereof being accepted by the first accepting unit, the new second information, the creation thereof being accepted by the second providing unit, and the information linking the first information and the second information to the information providing apparatus. 
         [0026]    The second providing unit may accept addition or deletion of information to or from the second information provided by the second providing unit. When the addition or deletion of information to or from the second information provided by the second providing unit is accepted, the sending unit may send the second information to or from which the addition or deletion of information has been accepted to the information providing apparatus. 
         [0027]    The second providing unit may display an icon in conjunction with the second information. When the icon is dragged and dropped onto an area in which the input of the first information is accepted by the first accepting unit, the second accepting unit may accept a link between the first information, the input thereof being accepted, and the second information whose icon has been dragged and dropped. 
         [0028]    In a case in which the first accepting unit accepts input of a predetermined word, when the second information is provided by the second providing unit, the second accepting unit may accept a link between the first information, the input thereof being accepted by the first accepting unit, and the second providing unit. 
         [0029]    An information processing method of the present invention includes a first providing step of providing first information received from an information providing apparatus to a user; and a second providing step of providing second information which is received from the information providing apparatus and which differs from the first information to the user. 
         [0030]    A second program of the present invention causes a computer to perform a first providing step of providing first information received from an information providing apparatus to a user; and a second providing step of providing second information which is received from the information providing apparatus and which differs from the first information to the user. 
         [0031]    According to a service providing system of the present invention, an information providing apparatus stores a group to which information processing apparatuses belong. When first information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the information providing apparatus stores the first information in order of receipt. When second information differing from the first information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the information providing apparatus stores the second information. When the first information or the second information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the information providing apparatus simultaneously sends the received information to the remaining information processing apparatuses belonging to the same group. The information processing apparatuses each provide the first information received from the information providing apparatus to a user and provide the second information received from the information providing apparatus to the user. Accordingly, the user can chat with other users while sharing with the other users information differing from conversation-like text exchanged in a known chat. The users can thus exchange their opinions more smoothly. 
         [0032]    According to an information providing apparatus and method and a program of the present invention, a group to which information processing apparatuses belong is stored. When first information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the first information is stored in order of receipt. When second information differing from the first information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the second information is stored. When the first information or the second information is received from one of the information processing apparatuses, the received information is simultaneously sent to the remaining information processing apparatuses belonging to the same group. Accordingly, the user can chat with other users while sharing with the other users information differing from conversation-like text exchanged in a known chat. The users can thus exchange their opinions more smoothly. 
         [0033]    According to an information processing apparatus and method and a program of the present invention, first information received from an information providing apparatus is provided to a user, and second information which is received from the information providing apparatus and which differs from the first information is provided to the user. Accordingly, the user can chat with other users while sharing with the other users information differing from conversation-like text exchanged in a known chat. The users can thus exchange their opinions more smoothly. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0034]      FIG. 1  is a diagram showing the configuration of a chat system according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0035]      FIG. 2  is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a server  2  shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0036]      FIG. 3  is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a client computer  3  shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0037]      FIG. 4  is a flowchart describing a process of starting a chat in the chat system shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0038]      FIG. 5  illustrates an example of an image displayed on a monitor  71  of a client computer  3 - 1  in step S 14  shown in  FIG. 4 ; 
           [0039]      FIG. 6  is a flowchart describing a process of inputting chat text in the chat system shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0040]      FIG. 7  is a flowchart describing a process of displaying shared information in the chat system shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0041]      FIG. 8  illustrates an example of an image displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 1  in step S 72  shown in  FIG. 7 ; 
           [0042]      FIG. 9  illustrates another example of an image displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 1  in step S 72  shown in  FIG. 7 ; 
           [0043]      FIG. 10  illustrates an example of an image displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 1  in step S 75  shown in  FIG. 7 ; 
           [0044]      FIG. 11  illustrates an example of an image displayed on a monitor  71  of a client computer  3 - 2  in step S 82  shown in  FIG. 7 ; 
           [0045]      FIG. 12  illustrates an example of an image displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 2  performing chatting; 
           [0046]      FIG. 13  illustrates an example of an image displayed, subsequent to that shown in  FIG. 12 , on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 2  performing chatting; 
           [0047]      FIG. 14  illustrates an example of an image displayed, subsequent to that shown in  FIG. 13 , on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 2  performing chatting; 
           [0048]      FIG. 15  schematically illustrates the structure of information management using a database. 
           [0049]      FIG. 16  illustrates an example of an image displayed on a monitor  71  of a client computer  3 - 3 ; 
           [0050]      FIG. 17  is a flowchart describing a process of displaying shared information while three client computers are chatting with one another; 
           [0051]      FIG. 18  illustrates an example of an image displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 3  in step S 164  shown in  FIG. 17 ; 
           [0052]      FIG. 19  illustrates an example of an image displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 1 ; 
           [0053]      FIG. 20  illustrates another example of an image displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 1 ; 
           [0054]      FIG. 21  is a flowchart describing a process performed by the server for managing chatting; 
           [0055]      FIG. 22  is a flowchart describing a process performed by the client computer for managing chatting; 
           [0056]      FIG. 23  is a flowchart continued from that shown in  FIG. 22 ; 
           [0057]      FIG. 24  is a flowchart describing a process of placing a link from chat text to a shared-information window. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0058]      FIG. 1  shows the configuration of a chat system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The chat system is primarily formed of chat clients and a chat server for performing chatting. 
         [0059]    Specifically, referring to  FIG. 1 , a server  2  is connected via a communication unit  11  to a network  1  such as the Internet. Three client computers  3 - 1  to  3 - 3  are connected to the network  1 . 
         [0060]    The server  2  is formed of, for example, a workstation, a personal computer, or the like and functions as a chat server by executing a chat server program. 
         [0061]    More specifically, the server  2  stores text data input from the client computers  3 - 1  to  3 - 3  (hereinafter referred to as chat text) as chat log data in a database  13  in order of input. Also, the server  2  stores data which is input from the client computers  3 - 1  to  3 - 3  to be shared with the client computers  3 - 1  to  3 - 3  and which differs from the chat log data as shared information in the database  13 . 
         [0062]    The server  2  reflects the chat log data and the shared information stored in the database  13  in images displayed by the client computers  3 - 1  to  3 - 3 . A chat room manager  12  manages the database  13 . Accordingly, the server  2  provides a chat environment in which the client computers  3 - 1  to  3 - 3  communicate with one another. 
         [0063]    The client computers  3 - 1  to  3 - 3  (hereinafter generally referred to as the “client computer(s)  3 ” when it is unnecessary to make distinction among the client computers  3 - 1  to  3 - 3 ) each store a chat client program for performing chatting while sharing a chat space provided by the server  2  with the other computers  3 . By execution of the chat client program and the chat server program in the server  2 , the client computer  3  displays the chat space for performing chatting. 
         [0064]      FIG. 2  shows an example of the configuration of the server  2 . A ROM (Read Only Memory)  32  stores programs used by a CPU (Central Processing Unit)  31  and basically-fixed data of calculation parameters. The CPU  31  executes various application programs and a basic OS (Operating System) program to perform various processes described below. A RAM (Random Access Memory)  33  stores programs executed by the CPU  31  and data required for the processing by the CPU  31 . 
         [0065]    The CPU  31 , the ROM  32 , and the RAM  33  are interconnected by a bus  34 . An input/output interface  35  is connected to the bus  34 . 
         [0066]    The chat room manager  12 , an input unit  36 , an audio output unit  37 , a monitor  38 , a storage unit  39 , and the communication unit  11  are connected to the input/output interface  35 . If necessary, a drive  40  is connected to the input/output interface  35 . 
         [0067]    In response to reception of an instruction to create a new chat room from the client computer  3 , the chat room manager  12  creates a region, in the database  13 , for managing data exchanged in the new chat room from this point onward. A chat room ID for identifying the chat room is assigned to the region. 
         [0068]    In the region created for the new chat room, a region for managing chat log data and a region for managing shared information are created. Subsequently, the chat log data and the shared information are managed in the respective regions. 
         [0069]    In the following description, the region for managing the chat log data is referred to as the chat log data management region, and the region for managing the shared information is referred to as the shared information management region. 
         [0070]    In response to reception of chat text from the client computer  3  performing chatting, the chat room manager  12  searches the database  13  on the basis of the chat room ID sent in conjunction with the chat text for the corresponding chat room. The chat room manager  12  stores the received chat text as chat log data in the chat log data management region in the chat room. 
         [0071]    If chat log data is already stored in the chat log data management region, the chat room manager  12  adds the received chat text to the already-stored chat log data and updates the stored data. 
         [0072]    If the chat text received from the client computer  3  includes a shared information ID (ID for identifying individual pieces of shared information, which will be described later) attached thereto, the chat room manager  12  attaches the shared information ID included in the chat text to the chat log data and stores the chat log data with the shared information ID in the chat log data management region. 
         [0073]    After the chat room manager  12  stores the received chat text as the chat log data in the database  13 , the chat room manager  12  sends the chat log data stored in the database  13  to all client computers  3  chatting in the same chat room via the communication unit  11 . 
         [0074]    Of the chat log data, only a portion that corresponds to the received chat text is sent. When the chat log data includes the shared information ID attached thereto, the chat room manager  12  also sends the shared information ID in conjunction with the chat log data via the communication unit  11 . 
         [0075]    When the chat room manager  12  receives shared information from the client computer  3  performing chatting, the chat room manager  12  searches the database  13  on the basis of the chat room ID sent in conjunction with the shared information for the corresponding chat room. The chat room manager  12  stores the received shared information in the shared information management region corresponding to the chat room ID in the database  13 . 
         [0076]    If shared information having the same shared information ID is already stored in the shared information management region in the database  13 , the chat room manager  12  deletes the shared information with the same shared information ID, which has been stored in the shared information management region, in the database  13 , and stores the newly received shared information. 
         [0077]    After the chat room manager  12  stores the shared information in the shared information management region, the chat room manager  12  sends the stored shared information to all the client computers  3  belonging to the chat room via the communication unit  11 . 
         [0078]    The chat room manager  12  individually identifies and manages each member logged on to the chat room. When a new user logs on to the chat in progress, or when a user logs out from the chat, the chat room manager  12  updates information concerning members logged on to the chat room (hereinafter referred to as logged-on user information) and sends the updated logged-on user information to all the client computers  3  logged on to the chat room. 
         [0079]    The input unit  36  is formed of, for example, a keyboard and a mouse and operated by a user when inputting various commands to the CPU  31 . Under the control of the CPU  31 , the audio output unit  37  plays predetermined audio data. The monitor  38  is formed of, for example, a CRT (Cathode-Ray Tube) or an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and displays predetermined information under the control of the CPU  31 . The storage unit  39  stores, for example, the OS and the chat client program supplied to each client computer  3 . 
         [0080]    The communication unit  11  performs communication processing via the network  1  with the client computers  3 . 
         [0081]    If necessary, the drive  40  is connected to the input/output interface  35 . A magnetic disk  41 , an optical disk  42 , a magneto-optical disk  43 , or a semiconductor memory  44  is placed on the drive  40  as the need arises, and a computer program read therefrom is installed in the storage unit  39  if necessary. 
         [0082]      FIG. 3  shows an example of the configuration of the client computer  3  shown in  FIG. 1 . As shown in  FIG. 3 , the client computer  3  is arranged by removing the chat room manager  12  and the database  13  from the internal configuration of the server  2  shown in  FIG. 2  and, instead, adding a chat input manager  66 , a shared information manager  67 , and a chat log manager  68 . The chat input manager  66 , the shared information manager  67 , and the chat log manager  68  will now be described, and a description of the common portion with the server  2  is omitted. 
         [0083]    In the following description, a window for displaying chat log data input from users in order of input (a known window for chatting) is referred to as a chat window. A window for displaying shared information and for accepting addition and/or deletion of information by users is referred to as a shared-information window. 
         [0084]    The chat input manager  66  performs predetermined processing on chat text input at a predetermined position (input area) in the chat window via the input unit  69  and sends the processed chat text via a communication unit  73  to the server  2 . 
         [0085]    When an operation is performed to link the chat text input in the input area with the shared-information window, the chat input manager  66  adds a predetermined character string to the chat text being input and displays an arrow indicating a link between the chat text and the shared-information window on a monitor  71 . Subsequently, when an instruction to send the chat text is input from the input unit  69 , the chat input manager  66  attaches a shared information ID (details thereof are described later) to the chat text to be sent to the server  2  and sends the chat text to the server  2 . 
         [0086]    When information created in the shared-information window is designated by a user to be shared with the other client computers  3 , the shared information manager  67  creates a shared information ID for individually identifying each piece of shared information, attaches the created shared information ID to the shared information, and sends the shared information via the communication unit  73  to the server  2 . 
         [0087]    When the shared information manager  67  receives shared information from the server  2  via the communication unit  73 , the shared information manager  67  stores the received shared information in a storage unit  72 . 
         [0088]    If shared information having the same shared information ID is already stored in the storage unit  72 , the shared information manager  67  deletes the shared information with the same shared information ID, which has been stored in the storage unit  72 , and stores the newly received shared information. 
         [0089]    Subsequently, the shared information manager  67  displays the shared information stored in the storage unit  72  in the shared-information display window. 
         [0090]    The chat log manager  68  stores chat log data supplied from the server  2  in the storage unit  72 , subsequently displays the chat window on the monitor  71 , and displays the chat log data in the chat window. If the chat log data supplied from the server  2  includes a shared information ID attached thereto, the chat log manager  68  additionally stores the shared information ID in the storage unit  72 . 
         [0091]    In a case in which chat log data is already stored in the storage unit  72 , if additional chat log data is supplied from the server  2 , the chat log manager  68  adds the received chat log data to the chat log data stored in the storage unit  72  and stores the chat log data. The chat log manager  68  additionally displays the stored chat log data in the chat window. 
         [0092]    With reference to the flowchart of  FIG. 4 , a process of starting a chat will now be described. 
         [0093]    In the following description, a user using the client computer  3 - 1  is referred to as user A; a user using the client computer  3 - 2  is referred to as user B; and a user using the client computer  3 - 3  is referred to as user C. The nickname of user A is “AAA”; the nickname of user B is “BBB”; and the nickname of user C is “CCC”. 
         [0094]    In the following description, references are made to examples of images displayed on the monitor  71  of each client computer  3 . The same reference number is given to those corresponding to the same portion in a plurality of drawings. 
         [0095]    The server  2  is activated. The server  2  constantly detects the client computer(s)  3  connected to the network  1 . 
         [0096]    When user A activates the client computer  3 - 1 , a client program for managing the chat system is activated in the client computer  3 - 1 . The operation of the client program causes the client computer  3 - 1  to display, at a predetermined position on the monitor  71 , a list of client computers  3  activated and connected to the network  1  at that time from among the remaining client computers  3  (hereinafter referred to as a user list). 
         [0097]    In step S 11  of  FIG. 4 , user A operates the operation unit  69  of the client computer  3 - 1  and designates a desired chat partner (user B in this case) from the user list displayed on the monitor  71 . On the basis of the designation by the user, the client computer  3 - 1  sends the nickname “BBB” of user B designated as the desired chat partner and the name of a chat room into which the desired chat partner is invited (“AAA” in this case) to the server  2  and requests the server  2  to send an invitation to a chat to user B. 
         [0098]    In step S 1 , the server  2  receives the request sent from the client computer  3 - 1  in step S 11 . 
         [0099]    In step S 2 , the server  2  sends an invitation indicating that there is the chat invitation to the chat room “AAA” from user A to the client computer  3 - 2 . 
         [0100]    In step S 21 , the communication unit  73  of the client computer  3 - 2  receives the invitation sent from the server  2  in step S 2  and displays the invitation on the monitor  71 . At this time, a guidance message such as “You have received an invitation to a chat from AAA. Do you want to participate in the chat? (YES or NO)” is displayed. 
         [0101]    When user B selects “NO”, the client computer  3 - 2  sends a negative response to the server  2 . The server  2  informs the client computer  3 - 1  of the negative response that user B does not want to participate in the chat. 
         [0102]    In contrast, when user B selects “YES”, the client computer  3 - 2  sends in step S 22  an affirmative response that user B wants to participate in the chat via the communication unit  73  to the server  2 . 
         [0103]    In step S 3 , the server  2  receives the response from the client computer  3 - 2  given in step S 22 . 
         [0104]    In step S 4 , the chat room manager  12  of the server  2  creates a region for storing data to be exchanged between the client computers  3 - 1  and  3 - 2  in a new chat room in the database  13  and assigns a chat room ID to the created region. The chat room manager  12  creates logged-on user information indicating that user A and user B are logged on to the new chat room and stores the logged-on user information in the region with the chat room ID. 
         [0105]    In step S 5 , the server  2  sends start-chat commands to the client computers  3 - 1  and  3 - 2 . 
         [0106]    In step S 12 , the communication unit  72  of the client computer  3 - 1  receives the command sent from the server  2  in step S 5 . In step S 13 , the CPU  61  of the client computer  3 - 1  creates, in the storage unit  72 , a region for storing data to be exchanged in the chat room from this point onward. 
         [0107]    In step S 14 , the CPU  61  of the client computer  3 - 1  displays a chat window at a predetermined position on the monitor  71 .  FIG. 5  shows an example of an image displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 1 . 
         [0108]    Referring to  FIG. 5 , a chat window  101  is displayed at the left side of the monitor  71 . The chat window  101  is formed of a log display area  102 , an input area  103 , and a user-list display area  104 . 
         [0109]    The input area  103  accepts input of a character string from a user. In step S 14 , no character is input in the input area  103 . The log display area  102  displays chat log data. The user-list display area  104  displays a list of users (nicknames) who are owners of the client computers  3  connected to the network  1  from among the client computers  3 . 
         [0110]    When a send key  105  is clicked, the chat text input in the input area  103  is sent to the server  2 . 
         [0111]    In step S 23 , the communication unit  73  of the client computer  3 - 2  receives the command sent from the server  2  in step S 5 . In step S 24 , the CPU  61  of the client computer  3 - 2  creates, in the storage area  72 , a region for storing data to be exchanged in the chat room from this point onward. 
         [0112]    In step S 25 , the CPU  61  of the client computer  3 - 2  displays a chat window at a predetermined position on the monitor  71 . As in the client computer  3 - 1 , the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 2  displays the chat window including a log display area, an input area, and a user-list display area. 
         [0113]    As discussed above, the new chat room starts to be shared by user A and user B. Alternatively, a chat can be started without performing the above-described process. In the above description, an invitation is sent to only user B. Alternatively, invitations can be sent to a plurality of users. 
         [0114]    When sending invitations to a plurality of users, in step S 11 , user A selects the nicknames of all desired chat partners and sends the nicknames to the server  2 . The server  2  sends invitations to all the users requested by the client computer  3 - 1  and sends start-chat commands to all the client computers  3  that have given invitation acceptance responses. 
         [0115]    Accordingly, a chat can be started among a plurality of users. 
         [0116]    Referring to  FIG. 6 , a process of accepting chat text input and displaying chat log data will now be described. 
         [0117]    In step S 41 , the client computer  3 - 1  accepts chat text input from user A via the input unit  69 . Specifically, for example, the input area  103  of the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 1  accepts input of chat text (“This is A. Let&#39;s decide the date for the next project meeting” in  FIG. 5 ). When the mouse clicks on the send key  105  to designate sending, the process proceeds to step S 42 . 
         [0118]    In step S 42 , the chat input manager  66  of the client computer  3 - 1  sends the chat text input in the input area  103  (“This is A. Let&#39;s decide the date for the next project meeting” in  FIG. 5 ) via the communication unit  73  to the server  2 . 
         [0119]    When the send key  105  is clicked, the shared information manager  67  determines whether or not there is shared information to be sent. In  FIG. 5 , no shared information is created. It is thus determined that there is no shared information to be sent. The shared information manager  67  does not send shared information to the server  2 . 
         [0120]    In step S 31 , the communication unit  11  of the server  2  receives the chat text sent from the client computer  3 - 1  in step S 42 . In step S 32 , the chat room manager  12  of the server  2  stores the received chat text as chat log data in the region created in the database  13  in step S 4  of  FIG. 4 . 
         [0121]    In step S 33 , the chat room manager  12  of the server  2  sends the chat log data stored in the database  13  in step S 32  via the communication unit  11  to the client computers  3 - 1  and  3 - 2 . 
         [0122]    In step S 43 , the communication unit  73  of the client computer  3 - 1  receives the chat log data sent from the server  2  in step S 33 . 
         [0123]    In step S 44 , the chat log manager  68  of the client computer  3 - 1  stores the chat log data received in step S 43  in the storage unit  72  and displays the chat log data in the log display area  102  of the chat window  101 . For example, referring to  FIG. 5 , the log display area  102  displays the nickname “AAA” of user A and the chat log data “This is A. Let&#39;s decide the date for the next project meeting”. At this time, the chat text input in the input area  103  is deleted. 
         [0124]    In steps S 51  and S 52 , the client computer  3 - 2  performs processing similar to that performed by the client computer  3 - 1  in step S 43  and S 44 . As a result, as in the client computer  3 - 1 , the chat log data is also displayed in the log display area of the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 2 . 
         [0125]    Accordingly, the chat log data is shared among a plurality of users. 
         [0126]    Referring to the flowchart of  FIG. 7 , a process of enabling a plurality of client computers to share shared information will now be described. 
         [0127]    In step S 71 , in response to an instruction from user A via the input unit  69 , the shared information manager  67  of the client computer  3 - 1  displays a shared-information window  111  on the monitor  71 , as shown in  FIG. 8 .  FIG. 8  shows an example of a screen displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 1  subsequent to the process shown in FIG.  7 . User A writes information that user A wants to share with the other users in a shared-information display area  112  of the displayed shared-information window  111 . 
         [0128]    User A can freely write various types of data, such as characters, images, tables, and graphs, in the shared-information display area  112  of the shared-information window  111 . Referring to  FIG. 8 , the character string “Scheduling for the Next Project Meeting” and the schedule of user A from the third (Monday) through the seventh (Friday) are written using the symbols ◯ and x (◯ means that the user is available and x means that the user is not available). 
         [0129]    In step S 72 , the client computer  3 - 1  accepts the input of chat text into the input area  103  from user A and a link between the chat text input in the input area  103  and the shared-information window  111 . 
         [0130]    Specifically, for example, referring to  FIG. 8 , when user A inputs the chat text “I′m free on the” in the input area  103  and drags-and-drops a shared-information icon  113  displayed in the lower left hand corner of the shared-information window  111  onto the input area  103 , a link is placed between the character string being input in the input area  103  and the shared-information window  111 . In  FIG. 8 , a dotted line indicating the drag-and-drop operation is not actually displayed on the monitor  71 . 
         [0131]      FIG. 9  shows an example of an image displayed on the monitor  71  immediately after the shared-information icon  113  is dragged and dropped onto the input area  103 . 
         [0132]    Referring to  FIG. 9 , the word “following”, which is a link word  131 , is displayed subsequent to the character string “I′m free on the” being input in the input area  103 , and a link arrow  132  heading from the link word  131  towards the linked shared-information window  111  is displayed. 
         [0133]    As discussed above, when the shared-information icon  113  is dragged and dropped onto the input area  103 , the chat input manager  66  adds the link word  131  “following” at the end of the chat text and displays the link arrow  132  heading from the link word  131  towards the shared-information window  111  on the monitor  71 . 
         [0134]    In the above description, after the shared information is completely written in the shared-information display area  112  in step S 71 , a link to the shared-information window  111  is placed in step S 72 . Alternatively, after a link to the shared-information window  111  is placed, information is written in the shared-information display area  112 . 
         [0135]    Subsequent to the chat text “I′m free on the following” being input in the input area  103 , “days” is input. Subsequently, when user A clicks on the send key  105 , the process proceeds to step S 73 . 
         [0136]    In step S 73 , the shared information manager  67  of the client computer  3 - 1  creates a shared information ID of the shared information written in the shared-information display area  112  and attaches the shared information ID to the shared information. Also, the shared information manager  67  supplies the shared information ID to the chat input manager  66 . The chat input manager  66  attaches the shared information ID to the chat text “I′m free on the following days”. The chat room ID is attached to the shared information having the shared information ID attached thereto by the shared information manager  67  and to the chat text having the shared information ID attached thereto by the chat input manager  66 , and the shared information and the chat text are sent via the communication unit  73  to the server  2 . 
         [0137]    In step S 61 , the communication unit  11  of the server  2  receives the chat text and the shared information sent from the client computer  3 - 1  in step S 73 . 
         [0138]    In step S 62 , the chat room manager  12  of the server  2  searches the database  13  for the storage region having the same chat room ID as that attached to the received data and stores the received chat text “I′m free on the following days.” as chat log data having the shared information ID attached thereto in the detected chat log data management region. 
         [0139]    The chat room manager  12  reads the shared information ID attached to the shared information received in step S 61  and determines whether or not shared information having the same shared information ID is stored in the shared information management region. If there is shared information having the same shared information ID, the chat room manager  12  deletes the shared information with the same shared information ID from the shared information management region in the database  13  and stores the shared information received in step S 61 . In this example, it is determined that no shared information having the same shared information ID is stored. In this case, the chat room manager  12  stores the shared information (having the shared information ID attached thereto) received in step S 61  in the shared information management region. 
         [0140]    In this case, the chat log data “I′m free on the following days.” is stored in conjunction with the previously-stored chat log data “This is A. Let&#39;s decide the date for the next project meeting”. The two pieces of chat log data are arranged and stored in order of storage. 
         [0141]    In step S 63 , the chat room manager  12  of the server  2  sends the chat log data “I′m free on the following days.” and the shared information stored in the database  13  in step S 62  via the communication unit  11  to the client computers  3 - 1  and  3 - 2 . 
         [0142]    In step S 74 , the communication unit  73  of the client computer  3 - 1  receives the chat log data and the shared information sent from the server  2  in step S 63 . The CPU  61  of the client computer  3 - 1  stores the received chat log data and the shared information in the storage unit  72 . 
         [0143]    In step S 75 , as shown in  FIG. 10 , the chat log manager  68  of the client computer  3 - 1  displays the chat log data stored in the storage unit  72  in step S 74  in the log display area  102 . Specifically, the log display area  102  additionally displays the nickname “AAA” and the chat log data “I′m free on the following days.” under the previously-displayed chat log data. 
         [0144]    The shared information manager  67  of the client computer  3 - 1  displays the shared information received in step S 74  in the shared-information window  111  displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 1 . 
         [0145]    The chat log manager  68  refers to the shared information ID attached to the chat log data stored in the storage unit  72  in step S 74 , searches for a shared-information window displaying the shared information with the same shared information ID (the shared-information window  111  in  FIG. 10 ), and displays a link arrow  142  heading from a link word  141  to the shared-information window  111  ( FIG. 10 ). 
         [0146]    As discussed above, since the link arrow  142  heading from the link word  141  towards the shared-information window  111  is displayed, the user understands at a glance the association between each piece of chat log data and the corresponding shared information even when a plurality of pieces of chat log data are displayed in the log display area  102 . 
         [0147]    In steps S 81  and S 82 , the client computer  3 - 2  performs processing similar to that performed by the client computer  3 - 1  in steps S 74  and S 75 . 
         [0148]      FIG. 11  shows an example of an image displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 2  in step S 81 . As shown in  FIG. 11 , a log display area  162  of a chat window  161  displays the same chat log data as that displayed in the log display area  102  of the client computer  3 - 1  shown in  FIG. 10 . A shared-information display area  167  of a shared-information window  166  shown in  FIG. 11  displays the same shared information as that displayed in the shared-information display area  112  of the client computer  3 - 1  shown in  FIG. 10 . 
         [0149]    As shown in  FIG. 11 , a link arrow  170  heading from a link word  169  “following” of the chat log data “I′m free on the following days.” displayed in the log display area  162  towards the shared-information window  166  is displayed. This is the same as the image displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 1  shown in  FIG. 10 . 
         [0150]    User A can add information to or delete information from the shared information displayed in the shared-information display area  112  shown in  FIG. 10 . Also, user B can add information to or delete information from the shared information shown in the shared-information display area  167  shown in  FIG. 11 . 
         [0151]    For example, in the monitor display state shown in  FIG. 11 , user B adds his/her schedule (◯ and x) in the shared-information display area  167  and the chat text “I added my schedule.” in an input area  163  of the chat window  161 .  FIG. 12  shows an example of an image displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 2  at this point. 
         [0152]    As shown in  FIG. 12 , the schedule of user B (◯ and x) is added in the shared-information display area  167 , and the chat text “I added my schedule.” is written in the input area  163  of the chat window  161 . 
         [0153]    When user B clicks on a send key  165  in this state, the shared information manager  67  of the client computer  3 - 2  attaches the shared information ID included in the shared information received in step S 81  to the shared information having the information added thereto. 
         [0154]    Subsequently, the chat input manager  66  supplies the chat text input in the input area  163  to the communication unit  73 , and the shared information manager  67  supplies the shared information having the shared information ID attached thereto to the communication unit  73 . The communication unit  73  attaches the chat room ID to the supplied chat text and shared information and sends the chat text and the shared information via the network  1  to the server  2 . 
         [0155]    The chat room manager  12  of the server  2  stores the chat text received from the client computer  3 - 2  in the chat log data management region for the chat room corresponding to the chat room ID in the database  13 . The chat room manager  12  reads the shared information ID attached to the received shared information and determines whether or not shared information having the same shared information ID is stored in the shared information management region. 
         [0156]    As a result, it is determined that the shared information ID of the shared information previously stored in the shared information management region in step S 62  is the same as that of the currently received shared information. The chat room manager  12  deletes the shared information having the same shared information ID, which has been stored in the shared information management region, and, instead, stores the currently received shared information in the shared information management region. 
         [0157]    Subsequently, the chat room manager  12  of the server  2  sends the chat log data stored in the chat log data management region and the shared information stored in the shared information management region to the client computers  3 - 1  and  3 - 2 . 
         [0158]    The client computers  3 - 1  and  3 - 2  receive the chat log data and the shared information from the server  2 . Each chat log manager  68  stores the chat log data in the corresponding storage unit  72  and additionally displays the chat log data in the corresponding log display area. Each shared information manager  67  reads the shared information ID attached to the received shared information and determines whether or not shared information having the same shared information ID is stored in the corresponding storage unit  72 . 
         [0159]    As a result, it is determined that the shared information ID of the shared information previously stored in the storage unit  72  in step S 74  (or step S 81 ) is equivalent to that of the currently received shared information. Each shared information manager  67  deletes the shared information having the same shared information ID, which has been stored in the corresponding storage unit  72 , and stores the currently received shared information in the storage unit  72 . Subsequently, each shared information manager  67  displays the new shared information stored in the storage unit  72  in the shared-information display area in the shared-information window displayed on the corresponding monitor  71 . 
         [0160]    As discussed above, shared information displayed in the shared-information display area is edited by a plurality of clients (information is added thereto or deleted therefrom), and the shared information is updated at all times to the newest information. 
         [0161]      FIG. 13  shows an example of the updated shared information displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 2 . As shown in  FIG. 13 , the fact that the link arrow  170  heading from the link word  169  towards the shared-information window  166  is displayed is the same as the image displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 2  prior to updating the shared information, as shown in  FIG. 11 . 
         [0162]    Specifically, after the link arrow between the link word and the new shared-information window is displayed, even if information is added to or deleted from the shared information in the same shared-information window and the shared information is thus updated, the initial association between the link word and the shared-information window is maintained at the time the link arrow was first displayed. 
         [0163]    When the image shown in  FIG. 13  is displayed on the monitor  71 , the user only inputs chat text in the input area  163 , and no information is added to or deleted from the shared information displayed in the shared-information display area  167 . When the user clicks on the send key  165  in this state, the shared information manager  67  determines that no information is added to or deleted from the shared information and thus does not send the shared information displayed in the shared-information display area  167  to the server  2 . 
         [0164]    Specifically, for example, when the image shown in  FIG. 13  is displayed on the monitor  71 , the chat text “Should we make it on the fourth (Tuesday)?” is input in the input area  163 , and no information is added to or deleted from the shared information in the shared-information display area  167 . In this case, the client computer  3 - 2  only sends the chat text to the server  2 . The server  2  stores the received chat text as chat log data in the chat log data management region and, subsequently, sends the chat log data to the client computers  3 - 1  and  3 - 2 . The client computers  3 - 1  and  3 - 2  display the chat log data received from the server  2  on the corresponding log display areas. 
         [0165]      FIG. 14  shows an example of an image displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 2  at this point. As shown in  FIG. 14 , the log display area  162  displays the chat log data “Should we make it on the fourth (Tuesday)?”. The shared-information display area  167  displays the same shared information as that displayed in the shared-information display area  167  shown in  FIG. 13 . 
         [0166]    As discussed above, only when information is added to or deleted from the shared information displayed in the shared-information display area, the shared information is sent to the server  2 . Accordingly, the amount of information sent to the server  2  is reduced. 
         [0167]      FIG. 15  schematically illustrates data managed in the database  13 . 
         [0168]    The server  2  can simultaneously manage a plurality of chat rooms. Referring to  FIG. 15 , the database  13  identifies and manages a plurality of chat rooms using unique chat room IDs  191 . Specifically,  FIG. 15  shows a case in which the chat room manager  12  of the server  2  simultaneously manages twelve different chat rooms whose chat room IDs range from chat 0001  to chat 0012 . In  FIG. 15 , the chat room ID of the above-described chat room in which user A and user B participate is chat 0001 . 
         [0169]    Under the category named “participating clients  192 ” shown in  FIG. 15 , members participating in the corresponding chat rooms (that is, logged-on user information) are managed in each chat room. Specifically, for example, the clients participating in the chat room with the chat room ID chat 0001  are “A and B”, indicating user A and user B. 
         [0170]    Under the category named “chat log  193 ” shown in  FIG. 15 , chat log data corresponding to each of the chat rooms from chat 0001  to chat 0012  is managed. For example, data managed in the chat room with the chat room ID chat 0001  is shown in chat log data  194 . 
         [0171]    As shown in the chat log data  194 , chat log data for a chat exchanged between the client computers  3 - 1  and  3 - 2  is stored in the chat log  193 . In the chat log data  194 , a link instruction  195  surrounded by a dotted line, that is, “&lt;ref.xxx&gt; following &lt;/ref&gt;”, indicates that the surrounded word is a link word. As indicated by the link instruction  195 , the chat room manager  12  links the chat log data with shared information  196  designated to be linked therewith and stores the chat log data in the database  13 . 
         [0172]    In the above description, an example of a chat between two computers, namely, the client computers  3 - 1  and  3 - 2 , is illustrated. In a case of a chat involving three or more client computers  3 , the processing performed by the client computers  3  and the server  2  is similar to that in a case of the above-described chat involving two client computers  3 . 
         [0173]    The processing of the client computer  3 - 3  and the server  2  in a case in which the client computer  3 - 3  participates in an on-going chat between the client computers  3 - 1  and  3 - 2  in the middle of the chat will now be described. 
         [0174]    The chat room manager  12  of the server  2  receives, from the client computer  3 - 3 , a notification of request for participation in an on-going chat performed between the client computers  3 - 1  and  3 - 2 . The chat room manager  12  reads chat log data and shared information exchanged between the client computers  3 - 1  and  3 - 2  up to that time from the database  13  and sends the read data via the communication unit  11  to the client computer  3 - 1 . 
         [0175]    The client computer  3 - 3  receives the chat log data and the shared information from the server  2  and stores the received data and information in the storage unit  72 . The chat log manager  68  of the client computer  3 - 3  displays a chat window formed of a log display area, an input area, and a user-list display area  215  on the monitor  71  and displays the chat log data stored in the storage unit  72  in the log display area. The shared information manager  67  of the client computer  3 - 3  displays a shared-information window on the monitor  71  and displays the shared information stored in the storage unit  72  in the shared-information window. 
         [0176]      FIG. 16  shows an example of an image displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 3  participating in the on-going chat in the middle of the chat. 
         [0177]    Referring to  FIG. 16 , a chat window  211  is displayed at the left, and a shared-information window  218  is displayed at the right. A log display area  212  in the chat window  211  displays the chat log data exchanged between user A and user B up to that time (the chat log data  194  in  FIG. 15 ). A shared-information display area  219  in the shared-information window  218  displays the most recent shared information exchanged between user A and user B. 
         [0178]    As discussed above, the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 3  displays the details of the chat performed between the client computers  3 - 1  and  3 - 2  up to that time (chat log data and shared information). 
         [0179]    In a known chat, it is difficult for a user who participates in an on-going chat in the middle of the chat to understand the details of conversation in the chat up to that time unless the user reads the conversation (chat log data) displayed in the log display area from the beginning. 
         [0180]    In contrast, in the system according to the present invention, as described in the above example, the main point of conversation conducted in the log display area between user A and user B (users&#39; schedules in this example) is written in the shared-information window. This enables user C, who is the user of the client computer  3 - 3 , to understand at a glance the details of conversation conducted between user A and user B by looking at information (schedules of user A and user B) in the shared-information window  218  displayed on the monitor  71  even if user C participates in the on-going chat in the middle of the chat. 
         [0181]    As shown in  FIG. 16 , since a link word  213  and a link arrow  214  are displayed on the monitor  71 , user C understands the details of conversation in the chat up to that time more easily. 
         [0182]    The processing of the client computers  3 - 1  to  3 - 3  and the server  2  in a case of a chat involving three or more client computers  3  will now be described. 
         [0183]    If a chat involves three or more client computers  3 , the processing performed by the server  2  and each client computer  3  is similar to that in a case of a chat involving two client computers  3 , which is described with reference to the flowchart of  FIG. 7 . 
         [0184]    Referring to  FIG. 17 , the processing of the client computers  3 - 1  to  3 - 3  and the server  2  in a case of a chat involving the client computers  3 - 1  to  3 - 3  will now be described. 
         [0185]    In step S 161 , for example, user C inputs the chat text “I added my schedule, too. Please arrange the date.” in an input area  216  on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 3  shown in  FIG. 16 , adds information (e.g., the schedule of user C) in the shared-information display area  219 , and clicks on a send key  217 . The process proceeds to step S 162 , and the client computer  3 - 3  sends the input chat text and shared information to the server  2 . 
         [0186]    In step S 131 , the server  2  receives the chat text and the shared information sent from the client computer  3 - 3  in step S 162 . In step S 132 , the server  2  stores the received chat log data and shared information in predetermined regions of the database  13 . 
         [0187]    In step S 133 , the server  2  sends the chat log data and the shared information stored in the database  13  in step S 132  to the client computers  3 - 1  to  3 - 3 . 
         [0188]    The client computers  3 - 1 ,  3 - 2 , and  3 - 3  receive the chat text and the shared information from the server  2  and stores the received data in the corresponding storage units  72  in steps S 141 , S 151 , and S 161 , respectively. 
         [0189]    The client computers  3 - 1 ,  3 - 2 , and  3 - 3  display the received chat text and shared information on the corresponding monitors  71  in steps S 142 , S 152 , and S 162 , respectively. 
         [0190]      FIG. 18  shows an example of an image displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 3  in step S 164 . 
         [0191]    Referring to  FIG. 18 , the log display area  212  of the chat window  211  additionally displays the chat log data “I added my schedule data, too. Please arrange the date”. In the shared-information display area  219  of the shared-information window  218 , the schedule of user C (◯ and x) is added. 
         [0192]    As discussed above, in the chat involving three or more client computers, as in the chat involving two client computers, the chat text (chat log data) and shared information are sent/received between the client computers  3  and the server  2 . 
         [0193]    In the chat performed by the above-described client computers  3 - 1  to  3 - 3 , the processing of the client computers  3  and the server  2  in the chat system according to the present invention is described using a case of schedule adjustment. Writing the main point of conversation in the shared-information window allows communication to be performed more smoothly. 
         [0194]      FIG. 19  shows an example of an image displayed on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 1  after the chat log data is added and the information is added to the shared information by user A in the above case of schedule adjustment. Specifically, referring to  FIG. 19 , the log display area  102  displays chat log data input from user A, that is, “OK. Let&#39;s make it on the seventh (Friday)”, and the shared-information display area  112  in the shared-information window  111  additionally displays “Confirmed: seventh (Friday)”. 
         [0195]    As discussed above, communication is performed in a conversation-like manner in the log display area  102 , and the main point is summarized in the shared-information window  111 . Accordingly, the users can easily exchange their opinions without seeing and talking to one another in person. 
         [0196]    In the above-described case, only text data is handled as shared information. Other possible types of shared information include graphs, tables, and other image data. In the above-described case, a case in which one shared-information window is displayed is described. Alternatively, a plurality of shared-information windows may be displayed. 
         [0197]      FIG. 20  shows an example of a case in which image data (map) serving as shared information is displayed in conjunction with a plurality of shared-information windows on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 1 . 
         [0198]    Specifically, referring to  FIG. 20 , two shared-information windows, namely, the shared-information window  111  and a shared-information window  233 , are displayed on the monitor  71 . A shared-information display area  234  in the shared-information window  233  displays the image data (map). 
         [0199]    The link arrow  142  heading from the link word  141  towards the shared-information window  111  is displayed, and a link arrow  232  heading from a link word  231  towards the shared-information window  233  is displayed. 
         [0200]    With reference to the flowchart of  FIG. 21 , a process performed by the server  2  for implementing the above-described operation will now be described. 
         [0201]    In step S 201 , the CPU  31  of the server  2  continuously monitors the access to the communication unit  11  by each client computer  3 . When the client computer  3  accesses the communication unit  11 , the process proceeds to step S 202 . 
         [0202]    In step S 202 , the chat room manager  12  analyzes the details of the access by the client computer  3  and determines whether or not the access includes a request for creation of a new chat room. If the access includes a request for creation of a new chat room, in step S 203 , the chat room manager  12  reads the nickname of a desired chat partner, which is included in the information sent from the client computer  3 , and sends an invitation to a chat to the client computer  3  operated by the user having the detected nickname. 
         [0203]    When a response to the invitation is sent from the client computer  3  to which the invitation has been sent, in step S 204 , the chat room manager  12  determines whether or not the response indicates the acceptance of the chat invitation. If the response indicates the acceptance of the chat invitation, in step S 205 , the chat room manager  12  creates a new storage region identified by a chat room ID in the database  13  (step S 4  in  FIG. 4 ). 
         [0204]    In step S 206 , the chat room manager  12  sends an instruction via the communication unit  11  to each of plural client computers  3  starting chatting in the new chat room to display a chat window on the monitor  71 . Subsequently, the process returns to step S 201 . 
         [0205]    When the chat room manager  12  determines in step S 204  that the response from the client computer  3  to which the invitation has been sent indicates the rejection of the chat invitation, in step S 207 , the chat room manager  12  informs the client computer  3  that has sent the request for creation of the new chat room of the rejection of the chat invitation from the desired chat partner (user). Subsequently, the process returns to step S 201 . 
         [0206]    If it is determined in step S 202  that the access by the client computer  3  includes no request for creation of a new chat room, the process proceeds to step S 208 . 
         [0207]    In step S 208 , the chat room manager  12  determines whether the access from the client computer  3  includes an invitation to an on-going chat room to a new user. If it is determined that the access includes an invitation to a new user, in step S 209 , the chat room manager  12  detects the nickname of a desired chat partner (new user), which is included in the information sent from the client computer  3 , and sends an invitation to the chat having a chat-room name attached thereto to the client computer  3  operated by the user with the detected nickname. 
         [0208]    When a response to the invitation is sent from the client computer  3  to which the invitation has been sent, in step S 210 , the chat room manager  12  determines whether or not the response indicates the acceptance of the chat invitation. If the response indicates the acceptance of the chat invitation, in step S 211 , the chat room manager  12  sends chat log data and shared information related to the chat, which have been stored in the database  13  and which have been exchanged in the chat room up to that time, to the client computer  3  operated by the new user. Subsequently, the process returns to step S 201 . 
         [0209]    If it is determined in step S 210  that the response from the client computer  3  to which the invitation has been sent indicates the rejection of the chat invitation, in step S 212 , the client computer  3  having sent the chat invitation is informed of the rejection of the chat invitation from the desired chat partner (new user). Subsequently, the process returns to step S 201 . 
         [0210]    If the chat room manager  12  determines in step S 208  that the access from the client computer  3  includes no invitation to an on-going chat room to a new user, in step S 213 , the chat room manager  12  determines whether or not the access from the client computer  3  includes chat log data, thus determining whether or not the access from the client computer  3  includes chat log data to be written in the chat window. 
         [0211]    As a result, if the access from the client computer  3  includes chat log data, the chat room manager  12  determines that the access from the client computer  3  includes chat log data to be written in the chat window. In step S 214 , the chat room manager  12  stores the received chat log data in the database  13 . 
         [0212]    As shown in  FIG. 15 , the chat log data is stored in the chat log  193  having the corresponding chat room ID. When the chat log data includes a shared information ID attached thereto, the shared information ID is also stored in conjunction with the chat log data. 
         [0213]    In step S 215 , the chat room manager  12  sends the chat log data stored in the database  13  in step S 214  via the communication unit  11  to all client computers  3  participating in the same chat room. 
         [0214]    If the access from the client computer  3  includes no chat lot data in step S 213 , or if the processing in step S 215  is completed, in step S 216 , the chat room manager  12  determines whether or not the access from the client computer  3  includes shared information. If the access includes shared information, the process proceeds to step S 217 . 
         [0215]    In step S 217 , the chat room manager  12  reads the shared information ID of the shared information and the chat room ID included in the access from the client computer  3  and determines whether or not shared information having the same shared information ID as the read shared information ID is stored in the shared information management region in a chat room corresponding to the read chat room ID. As a result, when shared information having the same shared information ID is already stored in the shared information management region, in step S 218 , the chat room manager  12  deletes the shared information having the same shared information ID, which has been stored in the shared information management region. 
         [0216]    When the chat room manager  12  determines in step S 217  that no shared information having the same shared information ID as that of the shared information received from the client computer  3  is stored in the shared information management region, or when the processing in step S 218  is completed, the process proceeds to step S 219 . 
         [0217]    In step S 219 , the chat room manager  12  stores the shared information received from the client computer  3  in the shared information management region in the database  13 . 
         [0218]    In step S 220 , the chat room manager  12  sends the shared information stored in the database  13  in step S 219  to all the other client computers  3  chatting in the same chat room. Subsequently, the process returns to step S 201 . 
         [0219]    If the chat room manager  12  determines in step S 216  that the access from the client computer  3  includes no shared information, in step S 221 , the chat room manager  12  performs predetermined processing in accordance with an instruction included in the access from the client computer  3 . The process returns to step S 201 . 
         [0220]    The server  2  performs the above-described process to manage the client computers  3  performing chatting. 
         [0221]    With reference to  FIGS. 22 and 23 , a process performed by each client computer  3  for implementing the above-described operation will now be described. 
         [0222]    In step S 251 , the CPU  61  of each client computer  3  determines whether or not an instruction is input from a User via the input unit  69 . If an instruction is input from the input unit  69 , in step S 252 , the CPU  61  determines whether or not the instruction from the user designates execution of a new chat. 
         [0223]    As a result, if the instruction from the user designates execution of a new chat, in step S 253 , the CPU  61  requests the server  2  via the communication unit  73  to send an invitation to a specified chat partner. 
         [0224]    When a response from the specified chat partner is received from the server  2 , in step S 254 , the CPU  61  determines whether or not the response from the specified chat partner indicates the acceptance of the chat invitation. If the response from the specified chat partner indicates the acceptance of the chat invitation, in step S 255 , the CPU  61  displays a chat window on the monitor  71  in accordance with an instruction from the server  2 . 
         [0225]    If the CPU  61  determines in step S 254  that the response from the specified chat partner indicates the rejection of the chat invitation, in step S 256 , the CPU  61  displays on the monitor  71  a guidance message indicating that the specified chat partner to which the invitation has been sent does not want to chat. Subsequently, the process returns to step S 251 . 
         [0226]    If the CPU  61  determines in step S 252  that the instruction from the user does not designate execution of a new chat, in step S 257 , the CPU  61  determines whether or not the instruction from the user designates inviting a new user to an on-going chat room in which the user and another user are already chatting. If the instruction from the user designates inviting a new user to an on-going chat room in which the user and another user are already chatting, the process proceeds to step S 258 . 
         [0227]    In step S 258 , the CPU  61  requests the server  2  via the communication unit  73  to send an invitation to a specified chat partner (a user who is not participating in the on-going chat and who is specified by operating the input unit  69  from among users displayed in the user-list area). 
         [0228]    Subsequently, when a response is sent from the user to which the invitation has been sent, in step S 259 , the CPU  61  displays the response from the invited user on the monitor  71 . Specifically, whether the response from the invited user indicates the acceptance or rejection of the chat invitation is displayed on the monitor  71 . 
         [0229]    When the CPU  61  determines in step S 257  that the instruction from the user does not designate inviting a new user to an on-going chat room in which the user and another user are already chatting, the process proceeds to step S 260 . 
         [0230]    In step S 260 , the CPU  61  determines whether or not the instruction from the user designates sending of chat text. Specifically, for example, as shown in  FIG. 5 , when the character string “This is A. Let&#39;s decide the date for the next project meeting.” is input in the input area  103 , it is determined whether the send key  105  is clicked (or Enter key is operated). 
         [0231]    As a result, when the CPU  61  determines that the instruction from the user designates sending of chat text, in step S 261 , the chat input manager  66  determines, in response to a command from the CPU  61 , whether or not a link to new shared information is placed on the chat text input in the input area  103 . When a link to new shared information is placed on the character string input in the input area  103 , in step S 262 , the shared information manager  67  creates, in response to a command from the CPU  61 , a shared information ID of the shared information displayed in the shared-information window and attaches the shared information ID to the shared information. Also, the shared information manager  67  supplies the shared information ID to the chat input manager  66 . The chat input manager  66  attaches the shared information ID supplied from the shared information manager  67  to the chat text. 
         [0232]    In step S 263 , in response to a command from the CPU  61 , the chat input manager  66  supplies the chat text input in the input area  103  to the communication unit  73 , and the shared information manager  67  supplies the shared information to the communication unit  73 . The communication unit  73  sends the supplied chat text and shared information to the server  2 . 
         [0233]    Subsequently, the process returns to step S 251 . 
         [0234]    If the chat input manager  66  determines in step S 261  that no link to new shared information is placed on the chat text input in the input area  103 , in step S 264 , in response to a command from the CPU  61 , the shared information manager  67  determines whether or not information is added to or deleted from the shared information displayed in the shared-information display window. If it is determined that information is added to or deleted from the shard information displayed in the shared-information window, in step S 265 , the shared information manager  67  reads the shared information ID attached to the shared information prior to the addition or deletion of information and attaches the read shared information ID to the shared information after the addition or deletion of information. Subsequently, the process proceeds to step S 263 , and the above-described processing is repeated. 
         [0235]    When the shared information manager  67  determines in step S 264  that no information is added to or deleted from the shared information displayed in the shared-information window (or when no shared-information window is displayed on the monitor  71 ), in step S 266 , in response to a command from the CPU  61 , the chat input manager  66  sends the chat text input in the input area  103  via the communication unit  73  to the server  2 . 
         [0236]    Subsequently, the process returns to step S 251 . If the CPU  61  determines in step S 260  that the instruction from the user does not designate sending of chat text, the process proceeds to step S 267 . 
         [0237]    In the chat system according to the present invention, chatting users may only send shared information. In this case, information displayed in the chat window is not updated, and only information displayed in the shared-information window is updated. 
         [0238]    In step S 267 , the CPU  61  determines whether or not the instruction from the user designates updating of shared information already displayed in the shared-information window. 
         [0239]    As a result, if the CPU  61  determines that the instruction from the user designates updating of shared information already displayed in the shared-information window, in step S 268 , the CPU  61  sends the shared information displayed in the specified shared-information window to the server  2 . Subsequently, the process returns to step S 251 . 
         [0240]    If the CPU  61  determines in step S 267  that the instruction from the user does not designate updating of shared information already displayed in the shared-information window, in step S 269 , the CPU  61  determines whether or not the instruction from the user designates creation of a new shared-information window. If the instruction from the user designates creation of a new shared-information window, in step S 270 , in response to a command from the CPU  61 , the shared information manager  67  displays a new shared-information window on the monitor  71 . Subsequently, the process returns to step S 251 . 
         [0241]    If the CPU  61  determines in step S 269  that the instruction from the user does not designate creation of a new shared-information window, in step S 271 , the CPU  61  determines whether or not the instruction from the user designates termination of a chat. If it is determined that the instruction from the user designates termination of a chat, in step S 272 , the CPU  61  terminates an on-going chat. Subsequently, the process returns to step S 251 . 
         [0242]    When a plurality of users remain in the chat room after the chat is terminated by one client computer  3 , the remaining users can continue chatting. 
         [0243]    If the CPU  61  determines in step S 271  that the instruction from the user does not designate termination of a chat, in step S 273 , the CPU  61  performs processing other than that described above in accordance with the instruction from the user. 
         [0244]    If the CPU  61  determines in step S 251  that no instruction is input from the user, the process proceeds to step S 274  of  FIG. 23 . 
         [0245]    In step S 274 , the CPU  61  determines whether or not the communication unit  73  has received information sent from the server  2 . If information sent from the server  2  is received, the process proceeds to step S 275 . 
         [0246]    In step S 275 , the CPU  61  determines whether or not the access from the server  2  includes an invitation to a chat. If the access from the server  2  includes an invitation to a chat, in step  276 , the CPU  61  displays on the monitor  71  an invitation (for example, a message such as “You have received an invitation to a chat from user A. Do you want to accept the invitation? (Yes or No)”). 
         [0247]    The user can select whether to participate in the chat using the input unit  69 . In step S 277 , the CPU  61  determines whether the selection input by the user is the acceptance of the chat invitation. If the selection input by the user is the acceptance of the chat invitation, in step S 278 , the CPU  61  sends information indicating that the user wants to participate in the chat via the communication unit  73  to the server  2 . 
         [0248]    If the CPU  61  determines in step S 277  that the selection input by the user is not the acceptance of the chat invitation, in step S 279 , the CPU  61  sends information indicating that the user does not want to participate in the chat via the communication unit  73  to the server  2 . 
         [0249]    If the CPU  61  determines in step S 275  that the access from the server  2  includes no chat invitation, the process proceeds to step S 280 . 
         [0250]    In step S 280 , the CPU  61  determines whether or not the access from the server  2  includes an instruction to display a chat window on the monitor  71 . If it is determined that the access from the server  2  includes an instruction to display a chat window on the monitor  71 , in step S 281 , in response to a command from the CPU  61 , the chat log manager  68  displays a chat window on the monitor  71 . Subsequently, the process returns to step S 251 . 
         [0251]    If the CPU  61  determines that the access from the server  2  includes no instruction to display a chat window on the monitor  71 , the process proceeds to step S 282 . 
         [0252]    In step S 282 , the CPU  61  determines whether or not the access from the server  2  includes an instruction to display a new shared-information window on the monitor  71 . If it is determined that the access from the server  2  includes an instruction to display a new shared-information window on the monitor  71 , in step S 283 , in response to a command from the CPU  61 , the chat log manager  68  displays a new shared-information window on the monitor  71 . Subsequently, the process returns to step S 251 . 
         [0253]    If the CPU  61  determines that the access from the server  2  includes no instruction to display a new shared-information window on the monitor  71 , the process proceeds to step S 284 . 
         [0254]    In step S 284 , in response to a command from the CPU  61 , the chat log manager  68  determines whether or not the access from the server  2  includes chat log data. Accordingly, it is determined whether or not the access from the server  2  includes chat log data to be written in the chat window. 
         [0255]    As a result, if the access from the server  2  includes chat log data, the chat log manager  68  determines that the access from the server  2  includes chat log data to be written in the chat window. In step S 285 , the chat log manager  68  stores the received chat log data in the storage unit  72 . 
         [0256]    If the chat log data includes a shared information ID attached thereto, the shared information ID is also stored in conjunction with the chat log data. 
         [0257]    In step S 286 , the chat log manager  68  displays the chat log data stored in the storage unit  72  in step S 285  at a predetermined position in the log display area displayed on the monitor  71 . 
         [0258]    If it is determined in step S 284  that the access from the server  2  includes no chat log data, or if the processing in step S 286  is completed, the process proceeds to step S 287 . In response to a command from the CPU  61 , the shared information manager  67  determines whether or not the access from the server  2  includes shared information. If the access from the server  2  includes shared information, the process proceeds to step S 288 . 
         [0259]    In step S 288 , the shared information manager  67  determines whether or not shared information having the same shared information ID as that of the shared information included in the access from the server  2  is stored in the storage unit  72 . As a result, if shared information having the same shared information ID is already stored in the storage unit  72 , in step S 289 , the shared information manager  67  deletes the shared information having the same shared-information ID, which has been stored in the storage unit  72 . 
         [0260]    If the shared information manager  67  determines in step S 288  that no shared information having the same shared-information ID as that of the shared information received from the server  2  is stored in the storage unit  72 , or if the processing in step S 289  is completed, the process proceeds to step S 290 . 
         [0261]    In step S 290 , the shared information manager  67  stores the shared information received from the server  2  in the storage unit  72 . 
         [0262]    In step S 291 , the shared information manager  67  displays the shared information stored in the storage unit  72  in step S 290  in the shared-information window. 
         [0263]    If the chat log data displayed in step S 286  in the log display area in the chat window has a shared-information ID attached thereto, when the shared information manager  67  displays in step S 291  the shared information in the shared-information window, the chat log manager  68  displays a link arrow heading from the chat log data displayed in the log display area towards the shared-information window. 
         [0264]    Subsequently, the process returns to step S 251 . 
         [0265]    If the shared information manager  67  determines in step S 287  that the access from the server  2  includes no shared information, in step S 292 , the CPU  61  performs predetermined processing in accordance with an instruction included in the access from the server  2 . Subsequently, the process returns to step S 251 . 
         [0266]    The client computer  3  performs the above-described process to provide a chat environment to the user. 
         [0267]    In the above description, as described with reference to  FIG. 8 , a link is placed between chat text and a shared-information window by dragging and dropping the shared-information icon  113  in the shared-information window  111  onto the input area  103  in the chat window  101 . There is another possible method for placing a link between chat text and a shared-information window, which will now be described. 
         [0268]    With reference to the flowchart of  FIG. 24 , another method (process) for placing a link between chat text and a shared-information window will now be described. 
         [0269]    In step S 301 , the chat input manager  66  determines whether or not a link word (e.g., “following”) is input in an input area of a chat window. If no link word is input in the input area, the process is terminated. 
         [0270]    If the chat input manager  66  determines in step S 301  that a link word is input in the input area of the chat window, in step S 302 , the chat input manager  66  causes the shared information manager  67  to determine whether or not a shared-information window is displayed on the monitor  71 . 
         [0271]    If the shared information manager  67  determines in step S 302  that no shared-information window is displayed on the monitor  71 , the chat input manager  66  terminates the process. 
         [0272]    If the shared information manager  67  determines in step S 302  that a shared-information window is displayed on the monitor  71 , in step S 303 , the chat input manager  66  requests the shared information manager  67  to notify the chat input manager  66  of the oldest-displayed shared-information window of one or more shared-information windows displayed on the monitor  71 . 
         [0273]    In response to the request from the chat input manager  66 , the shared information manager  67  notifies the chat input manager  66  of the oldest shared-information window displayed on the monitor  71 . 
         [0274]    On the basis of the notification from the shared information manager  67 , the chat input manager  66  displays a link arrow (places a link) heading from the link word input in the input area towards the oldest shared-information window displayed on the monitor  71 . 
         [0275]    In step S 304 , the CPU  61  determines whether or not TAB key is operated. If it is determined that TAB key is operated, the process proceeds to step S 305 . 
         [0276]    In step S 305 , in response to a command from the CPU  61 , the chat input manager  66  requests the shared information manager  67  to notify the chat input manager  66  of the shared-information window that is next oldest to the currently linked shared-information window of one or more shared-information windows displayed on the monitor  71 . 
         [0277]    In response to the request from the chat input manager  66 , the shared information manager  67  notifies the chat input manager  66  of the shared-information window that is next oldest to the currently-linked shared-information window. 
         [0278]    On the basis of the notification from the shared information manager  67 , the chat input manager  66  displays a link arrow (places a link) heading from the link word input in the input area towards the shared-information window that is next oldest to the currently-linked shared-information window. 
         [0279]    If the CPU  61  determines in step S 304  that TAB key is not operated, in step S 306 , the CPU  61  determines whether or not Enter key is operated. If it is determined that Enter key is not operated, the process returns to step S 304 , and the processing from step S 304  onward is repeated. 
         [0280]    If the CPU  61  determines in step S 306  that Enter key is operated, in step S 307 , in response to a command from the CPU  61 , the chat input manager  66  determines to place a link to the shared-information window specified by the link arrow. The process is thus completed. 
         [0281]    As discussed above, a link to a shared-information window is placed at the time of inputting a link word. This enables a user to place a link to a shared-information window while keeping his/her mind on inputting chat text. 
         [0282]    The user can set a predetermined word as a link word. The user can also store several words as link words in a chat client program. 
         [0283]    Although the chat window and the shared-information window are arranged as independent windows in the above-described embodiment, the two windows may be combined to form one window. 
         [0284]    Although the chat window and the shared-information window are displayed on the same monitor in the above-described embodiment, the windows may be displayed separately on a plurality of monitors. 
         [0285]    Although the chat log data is text data in the above-described embodiment, the chat log data may include data other than text data, such as audio data. In this case, for example, the client computer  3  includes an audio input unit, and audio data input from the audio input unit is used. 
         [0286]    Although the server  2  is described as an independent unit in the above-described example, the client computer  3  may include the function of the server  2 . In this case, the client computers  3 - 1  to  3 - 3  each perform the function of the above-described client computer and the function of the above-described server. Specifically, for example, the client computer  3 - 1  may send chat log data and shared information, which are generated by the client computer  3 - 1 , to the client computer  3 - 2  or the client computer  3 - 3 . The client computer  3 - 1  may display chat log data and shared information sent from the client computer  3 - 2  or the client computer  3 - 3  on the monitor  71  of the client computer  3 - 1  and send the chat log data and the shared information to the client computer  3 - 2  or the client computer  3 - 3 . 
         [0287]    The above-described series of processes can be performed by hardware or software. In a case in which the series of processes is performed by software, a program forming the software is installed from a program storage medium into a computer (the CPU  31  shown in  FIG. 2  or the CPU  61  shown in  FIG. 3 ) incorporated in dedicated hardware or, for example, into a general personal computer capable of performing various functions by installing therein various programs. 
         [0288]    The program storage medium having stored thereon a program to be installed in and executed by a computer is formed of, as shown in  FIGS. 2 and 3 , a package medium including the magnetic disks  41  and  75  (including flexible disks), the optical disks  42  and  76  (including CD-ROMs (Compact Disk-Read Only memory) and DVDs (Digital Versatile Disks)), the magneto-optical disks  43  and  77 , or the semiconductor memories  44  and  78 . The program is stored in the program storage medium using a wired or wireless communication medium, such as a local area network (LAN), the Internet, or digital satellite broadcasting, via an interface such as a router or a modem, if necessary. 
         [0289]    In this specification, steps for writing the program provided by the medium are not necessarily processed in time series in the order described. Parallel processing or individual processing is also included. 
         [0290]    In this specification, the system refers to the entirety of an apparatus formed of a plurality of apparatuses.