Abstract:
Described are magnetizing devices for permanent magnet rings that are bipolar on the end faces or multipolar on the lateral faces and have concentric North/South areas either on one of the two end faces or on their lateral faces. Magnetizing is performed by way of current pulses that are induced in annular current conductors arranged on the end faces or on the lateral faces of the permanent magnet rings.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     A. Field of The Invention 
     The invention relates to magnetizing devices for magnetic rings that are bipolar on the end faces or multipolar on the lateral faces, such as are used e.g. for magnetic bearings for rotating parts or for adhesive purposes. 
     B. Prior Art 
     It is known that such magnet rings or magnet systems that are bipolar on the end faces are assembled from two concentric rings. This requires the use of two different, exact-fitting rings with different diameters and also results in assembly difficulties since the rings must be pre-magnetized individually and must then be combined, e.g. by gluing. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention is based on the task of creating a magnetizing device that permits magnetizing of one-part magnet rings on their end face with two concentric poles or tubular multipolar permanent magnet rings on the lateral faces. 
     According to the invention, this task is solved for bipolar permanent magnet rings by closed annular current conductors arranged on one or both end faces of the permanent magnet ring to be magnetized and in which a current pulse whose magnetic field brings about the magnetization of the permanent magnet ring is induced. 
     A magnetizing device for a permanent magnet ring that is multipolar on the lateral faces, in contrast, is characterized by closed annular current conductors that are arranged on one or both lateral faces of the permanent magnet ring to be magnetized and in which a current pulse whose magnetic field brings about the magnetization of the permanent magnet ring is induced. 
     The secondary current pulse in the current conductor or conductors is generated according to the invention by the flux change of a primary current pulse in a primary pulse coil arranged inside the permanent magnet ring, whereby in the case of multipolar permanent magnets a primary current pulse is also generated in an exterior pulse coil that surrounds the permanent magnet ring. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown diagrammatically in the drawing. In the drawing: 
     FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of a magnetizing device in which a permanent magnet ring is arranged; 
     FIG. 2 shows a frontal view of the permanent magnet ring that is magnetized in a bipolar manner on the end faces; 
     FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a modified second embodiment of a magnetizing device for a bipolar permanent magnet ring, 
     FIG. 4 shows a diagram of the behavior of the lines of the magnetic flux that are drawn in the top right quarter only in a simplified and diagrammatic manner by way of the two pulse coils of the magnetizing devices of FIG. 3, 
     FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal section through a magnetizing device for a permanent magnet ring that is multipolar on the lateral faces and has interior and exterior pulse coils, and 
     FIG. 6 shows a spatial diagrammatic, bursted view of a permanent magnet ring that is multipolar on the lateral faces and that has been magnetized in such a magnetizing device. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The permanent magnet ring 1 to be magnetized preferably consists of a highly coercive permanent magnet material, such as AlNiCo, hard ferrite, or a rare earth alloy (samarium-cobalt, neodymium-iron-boron). 
     Above and below the permanent magnet ring 1 in the magnetizing devices of FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 are two annular current conductors 2, 3 whose mean diameter corresponds approximately to that of permanent magnet 1. Inside the permanent magnet 1, a pulse coil 4 is arranged on a coil form 5, whereby the ends 6, 7 of said pulse coil can be connected to a pulse generator 15. 
     The permanent magnet ring 1 and the two annular current conductors 2, 3 are kept in the center coaxial position at the magnetizing device by holders (not shown) of a non-magnetic and non-conductive material. 
     In order to increase the magnetic flux 10 of the pulse coil 4, the latter may be equipped inside the hollow space 5a of coil form 5 with a core of a compounded or a solid iron circuit of the type of a transformer frame. A peak current pulse generator that utilizes the discharge current of a capacitor 16 is suitable for generating the magnetizing pulse in the primary pulse coil 4. 
     FIG. 2 shows the view of a permanent magnet ring 1 magnetized on a device according to FIG. 1 between current conductors 2 and 3 by way of the magnetic flux 11 surrounding it. This permanent magnet ring has concentric poles designated with N and S. The neutral zone between poles N and S is drawn striated. 
     It may be advantageous to assemble the annular current conductors 2, 3 from several rings with smaller cross sections in order to prevent an increase in resistance due to skin effects. 
     The primary current pulse through the pulse coil 4 may be a sine half-wave or may, upon reaching the current maximum, follow an e-function. 
     In the embodiment of the magnetizing device shown in FIG. 3, an additional pulse coil 8 is added to the primary pulse coil 4, whereby this additional pulse coil concentrically surrounds the magnetizing device of FIG. 1 on a coil form 9 and fortifies the current induced in the two annular current conductors 2, 3 with its magnetic flux in such a way that the magnetization of the permanent magnet ring 1 is improved. The two pulse coils 4 and 8 are excited simultaneously by the pulse generator. 
     The magnetic fluxes in the upper right quarter of the magnetizing device of FIG. 3 are shown only in a simplified and schematic manner. Their exact behavior is shown in FIG. 4. The magnetic fluxes 10 and 12 of the two pulse coils 4 and 8 and the magnetic flux 11 of the current induced in current conductor 2 superimpose each other so that the magnetic flux 10 of the pulse coil 4 appears to be displaced in the inside of the annular current conductor 2, and the magnetic flux 12 of the exterior pulse coil 8 appears to be displaced into the space between current conductor 2 and pulse coil 8. 
     In the magnetizing device for a tubular permanent magnet ring 1 of FIG. 5 that is multipolar on the lateral faces, two each annular, concentric current conductors 2,3 that enclose the permanent magnet ring 1 between them are arranged inside and around the exterior of the permanent magnet ring, whereby an interior and an exterior pulse coil 4 or 14 whose ends can be connected to a pulse generator (not shown) are coordinated with each of them. 
     The permanent magnet ring 1 and the annular current conductors 2, 3 are kept in the center coaxial position at the magnetizing device by holders (not shown) of a non-magnetic and non-conductive material. 
     A peak current pulse generator that utilizes the discharge current of a capacitor is suitable for generating the magnetizing pulse in pulse coils 4 and 14. 
     For the remainder, the magnetizing device of FIG. 5 functions in exactly the same way as the two devices of FIG. 1 and FIG. 3. 
     FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of a multipolar permanent magnet ring 1 that has been magnetized with a device of FIG. 5 between current conductors 2 and 3 with pulse coils 4 and 14 by way of the magnetic flux surrounding it. On the interior and exterior lateral faces, it has opposing poles that are designated with N and S and that alternate several times in the axial direction of the permanent magnet ring 1. 
     It may be advantageous in this device to also assemble the annular current conductors 2, 3 from several rings with smaller cross sections as illustrated in FIG. 1 in order to prevent an increase in resistance due to skin effects. 
     The primary current pulse through pulse coils 4, 14 may also be a sine half-wave here, or may, upon reaching the current maximum, follow an e-function. 
     In order to generate a multipolar magnetization on a tubular permanent magnet that is multipolar on the lateral faces and that consists of several coaxially consecutive multipolar magnet rings 1 that according to FIG. 6 have been oppositely polarized, whereby said tubular permanent magnet is magnetized in a magnetizing device of FIG. 5, the permanent magnet can be moved axially following each current pulse, or, it is possible to use a multiple arrangement of coaxial pulse coils 4, 14, and, of annular current conductors 2, 3 for magnetization.