Abstract:
An example energy management unit (EMU) with diagnostic capabilities is provided. The EMU with can receive and identify the operational status of a device by receiving an audio signal from the device generated by the device&#39;s self diagnostic system. The EMU can decode the diagnostic information and retransmit the decoded information as necessary for further processing.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This application is a non-provisional application claiming priority from U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/433,728, filed Jan. 18, 2011, entitled “Wall Outlet with Microphone,” and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE 
       [0002]    The present disclosure generally relates to identifying a potential malfunction, end-of-life warning, or diagnostic information and correcting failure modes for appliances and equipments, and more particularly to an Energy Management Unit (EMU) with a microphone. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0003]    The current “smart grid” initiative using “smart meters” is driving appliance and equipment manufacturers to provide connectivity that can respond to and control the peak energy loads in residential and business settings. Smart meters raise consumer awareness of the cost and impact of electric devices. Such devices typically utilize ZigBee® communication protocol for wireless home area networks relying upon different energy profiles to deliver both energy and other information. As ZigBee® is a relatively low data rate wireless protocol that does not support streaming of content or downloads for remote software updates and applications, WiFi is used complementarily. 
         [0004]    For instance, ZigBee is a wireless language connecting different devices to work together. Available ZigBee networks provide a suggested standard for deploying switches, sensors, and controllers using harvested energy in residential, commercial, and industrial environments. The ZigBee networks include a physical radio using IEEE 802.15.4 standard radios operating in a 2.4 GHz band. The proposed ZigBee standard seeks to provide interference avoidance, mesh networking, security, certification, and an open standard. 
         [0005]    While smart meters oftentimes assist in the easing of data collection regarding overall dwelling power usage, and may provide empirical data regarding the overall usage of power by a metered building, the smart meter fails to provide any services to monitor and or predict power consumption, potential malfunction, and/or end-of life of an individual power consumer within the dwelling itself. 
         [0006]    Still further, appliances capable of producing diagnostic audible tones already exist, such as for example, as described in US Publication Number 2010/0023938, hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. The diagnostic tones are transmitted to a central service center, wherein they are interpreted and/or diagnosed through audible tone detection. The present disclosure, however, provides an alternative detection scheme for use in detecting audible communications. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0007]    This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter. 
         [0008]    The present disclosure described herein addresses the problem of identifying a potential malfunction or end-of-life for an appliance or equipment when it is connected to an electrical outlet provided on an energy management unit (EMU). The disclosed is further able to combine the diagnostic capabilities of the appliance or equipment with the EMU toward informing the consumer when an appliance or piece of equipment is reaching the end of its life. 
         [0009]    In operation, the EMU can notify a service department of a potential appliance or equipment failure before a failure actually occurs. Moreover, the EMU can inform the user when an associated appliance or piece of equipment is reaching the end of its useful life and permit the consumer to avoid the additional inefficiencies associated with appliance or equipment break-downs while also suggesting a replacement appliance or equipment. The EMU disclosed herein can be offered by a service contractor to consumers on a contract or subscription basis, wherein the service contractors may provide ongoing service to monitor, collect, host and analyze appliance or equipment performance, warning signs and energy consumption data. The EMU further facilitates the ability to offer consumers cost saving recommendations and usage optimization. 
         [0010]    In addition to monitoring and reporting the energy usage, the EMU may function to identify a potential failure or end-of-life condition by detecting a higher power consumption, an abnormal power waveform or by receiving a signal from the appliance or equipment itself generated by the appliance&#39;s or piece of equipment&#39;s self diagnostic system. 
         [0011]    The following relates to incorporating a microphone with demodulation and remodulation circuitry into a wall plug Energy Management Unit (EMU). Incorporating a microphone into a wall plug in this manner solves the problem of not being able to detect the diagnostic audible tones ripple from the appliance supply line connected to the EMU. It also frees the consumer from having to call a service center and to then place and hold the phone next to the appliance to thereby capture diagnostic tones information as described in USPTO Publication Number 2010/0023938 assigned to LG, i.e., the LG washer and refrigeration products or appliances. 
         [0012]    The system leverages the already available diagnostic audible tones from the LG washer and refrigeration products which send failure mode information to the service department via audio coupling through a cell phone. The audible tones transfer data about the appliance failure modes and hence improves problem definition, reduce miss-repairs and additional technician visits at the consumer homes; saving money and time. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0013]      FIG. 1  is a system diagram of an example EMU with diagnostic capabilities connected to an appliance and the communication of data therefrom. 
           [0014]      FIG. 2  is a component diagram of the example EMU of  FIG. 1 . 
           [0015]      FIG. 3  is a flow chart illustrating one example diagnostic tone detection sequence. 
           [0016]      FIG. 4  is a graphical representation of the effects of direct and reverberant sound in an example room. 
           [0017]      FIG. 5  is a flow chart illustrating a process to detect and transmit diagnostic tones representative of the operation of a device. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0018]    The following description of example methods and apparatus is not intended to limit the scope of the description to the precise form or forms detailed herein. Instead, the following description is intended to be illustrative so that others may follow its teachings. 
         [0019]      FIG. 1  illustrates an example Energy Management Unit (EMU) system  100  comprising an EMU  120  connected device such as an appliance  110  and the communication of data therefrom. The present disclosure takes advantage of a smart grid energy monitoring device or EMU  120 , including, for example, one with a wall-plug form factor or any other suitable device. The example EMU  120  plugs directly into an ordinary 120 volt, 60 Hz electrical socket  130 . It is further contemplated that the EMU  120  may be adapted to plug and/or electrically couple into any suitable power supply including for instance an electrical socket of any suitable voltage and/or prong geometry. It will also be appreciated that the EMU  120  may be power via any suitable electrical supply including, for example, direct AC and/or DC supplies. In other examples, the appliance  110  may be any piece of equipment suitably coupled to the EMU  120 , such as, for example, a washing machine, a dryer, a refrigerator, a television, a coffee maker, etc. It will be understood that there are many other appliances and/or pieces of equipment that may be used with the EMU  120  without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. 
         [0020]    The example EMU  120  is configured to measure the energy usage of the connected appliance  110  or other piece of equipment. The EMU  120  is further configured to store the energy usage data in its own memory. For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 2 , the EMU  120  includes a flash memory  210  and/or a random access memory (RAM)  212  to store the collected energy use data. The EMU  120  may use other types of memory in addition to, or in lieu of, flash memory  210  and RAM  212  to store the energy use data. The energy use data is, in turn, transmitted to a “home hub”  140  (see  FIG. 1 ) such as, for example, a personal computer (PC), terminal, router, smartphone, tablet, or other suitable device) via a communicator  214  such as a wireless connection using the local area network with WiFi, ZigBee®, Bluetooth, infrared, or the like. While the connection between the EMU  120  and the home hub  140  is illustrated as being a communicator  214 , a person of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the data connection may be any suitable connection including a wired connection as desired. Software, firmware, and/or hardware executing and/or contained within the home hub  140  processes the transmitted energy use data generated by the connected appliance  110  and EMU  120  and is adapted to at least one of displays the data on an integrated and/or external display having a user interface  216 , and/or transmit the data to a remote computer center  145 , such as a company-operated proxy server  150  or cloud service  160  through an Internet, cellular, wireless, wired, LAN, tethered, and/or any other suitable connection. 
         [0021]    In this example, the transmitted energy use data is segregated into different services and/or servers as shown in  FIG. 1 , including an SMS server  170 , a data server  172 , a web server  174 , or a service server  176 . While the energy use data is segregated in the illustrated example, the data need not be divided or alternatively may be divided even further as desired. In at least one example, the operator of the remote computer center  145  may offer to a consumer on a contract and/or subscription basis, services to monitor, collect, host, and/or otherwise analyze appliance performance, warning signs, and/or energy use data. Thus, the example EMU  120  facilitates the ability for an operator to offer consumers cost saving recommendations and usage optimization. 
         [0022]    Referring again to  FIG. 1 , the home hub  140  may also transmit energy use data to a smart meter  180 , via a wireless connection using ZigBee® or the like. In this example, the smart meter  180  is a typical electrical meter that records consumption of electric energy in predefined intervals, such as intervals of an hour or less and communicates consumption information back to a utility company  182  for monitoring and/or billing purposes. Typically, the smart meter  180  enables two-way communication between the meter and a central system. Accordingly, the utility company  182  providing the power to the appliance  110  and/or other equipment via a power line including, for example, a transformer  184 , can access the energy use data stored on the smart meter  180  for further review. 
         [0023]    As noted above, an example EMU  120  is shown in  FIG. 2 . The example EMU  120  comprises a line interface  230  which is inductively coupled to the power line to rectify and provide line powered DC voltage  240  to a microcontroller  250 , the memories  212 ,  210 , an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter  252 , the communicator  214 , and the user interface  216 . A load switch  260 , such as for example, a solid state relay removes or applies power to the coupled appliance  110  through a load interface circuit  262 . The example load switch  260  and the example load interface  262  are in series with a load monitoring/sensing circuit  264 . The example load monitoring/sensing circuit  264  provides a stepped-down current signal which is within the operating range of the A/D converter  252  for subsequent sampling by the microcontroller  250 . As previously described, the communicator  214  periodically transmits energy use data to the home hub  140  via a wireless and/or wired connection using the local area network with WiFi, ZigBee®, or the like. The user interface  216  communicates the status of the EMU  120  and provide at least one user interface element which allows the user to interact with the EMU  120 . For instance, the user interface  216  may provide a display on which energy use data and the like are shown to the user. Additionally, the user interface  216  may also provide one or more input user interface elements through which the user can toggle interact with the EMU  120  to retrieve further information regarding energy use, to on and/or off various appliances including the appliance  110 , to customize various features and/or settings of the EMU  120  depending on the particular appliance or piece of equipment connected to the EMU  120 , to customize various user preferences, etc. 
         [0024]    In this example, the EMU  120  also includes a microphone  270 , and/or any other suitable audio detection device. The microphone  270  may be electronically coupled to the microcontroller  250  through an amplifier/analog to digital converter  272 . Meanwhile, the appliance  110  (as described in detail in US Patent Publication 2010/0023938, incorporated by reference in its entirety) includes a sound output device  111  that outputs a sound corresponding to a control signal, e.g., generate an acoustic signal according to the control signal. The control signal, as will be appreciated, may include information gleamed from a sensing device that senses the operating state of the appliance  110 . For example, when a problem occurs in an operation of an appliance drainage pump (not shown) during a drainage process of the appliance  110  such that the drainage is not ended within a preset drainage setting time, the appliance  110  may compare a drainage time sensed by the sensing device with the drainage setting time, and judge whether the appliance is out of order. The appliance  110  may then output the control signal including product information into an acoustic signal which is the electrical signal with the frequency characteristic. The appliance  110  may include a DA converter to convert the digital control signal into the acoustic signal which is the electrical signal with the frequency characteristic according to the control signal. Here, the acoustic signal is a combination of unit frequency signals continuing for a predetermined time, and each unit frequency signal is any one of two different frequency signals. 
         [0025]    The microphone  270  will pick up the diagnostic audible signals from the appliance  110 , will apply a detection algorithm, and will forward the signals to a service center via the connectivity technology in the EMU  120 . 
         [0026]    More particularly, appliance  110  provides remote diagnostics data via audible tones that require the consumer to place a cell phone, or other communication device in near proximity of the audible transducer for the transfer of information to the remote service center. At the service center the data is demodulated, recorded and analyze to extract the diagnostics information. The present EMU  120 , however, provides the convenient microphone  270  and includes an algorithm to detect the tones and thus the diagnostic information for retransmission to a service center (e.g., the proxy server  150 ) via the communicator  214 , thus making a telephonic connection with the service center obsolete. 
         [0027]    As illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the appliance  110  diagnostic tones are part of a system  300  which provides the ability for the appliance  110  to communicate directly to the remote proxy server  150 , and/or remotely located specially trained technicians following the press of a button. In one example, a three beeps sequence starts at block  314  following the appliance  110  power cycle (off and then back on) (block  310 ), and pressing of a diagnostic appropriate button (washer/rinse button for washers, temp button for dryers, and/or any other suitable initiation button) at block  312 . The diagnostic tone sequence commences at block  316 . 
         [0028]    The microphone  270  receives the transmitted diagnostic tones at block  320 , avoiding the use of the phone connection and provides for the analysis of the tone sequence. In one example, the transmission consists of four short bursts or frames of 15 bytes (120 bits) each at an approximate rate of 125 bits/sec using Binary Frequency Shift Keying (BFSK) modulation around 2.6KHz and 2.8 KHz tones for 100 ms. The lower frequency signal corresponding to a digital logical value of “zero” and the higher frequency corresponds to a digital logical value of “one”. 
         [0029]    The loudness of the speaker  111  embedded in the appliance  110  is typically 90 dB SPL (Sound Pressure Level) and the EMU  120  with the microphone  270  is preferably located within a distance from the appliance  110  to detect and process the generated audibly sounds. For example, the EMU  120  may be placed no more than a cord away (two to three feet). To estimate the SPL at the microphone one example formula (Eq. 1) may used, which considers that the reverberation of sound and the room variables: 
         [0000]        Lp=Lw+ 10 log ( D /(4π r̂ 2)+4/ R )  (Eq. 1)
 
         [0030]    where: Lp=received sound pressure level (dB); Lw=sound pressure level from the source; D=directivity coefficient; R=room constant (m̂2 Sabine); π=3.14; and r=distance from source (m). 
         [0031]    Equation 1 can be transform to express the difference between the received sound pressure level and emitted sound power, i.e. the attenuation, as shown in Eq. 2: 
         [0000]        Lp−Lw= 10 log ( D /(4π r̂ 2)+4/ R )  (Eq. 1)
 
         [0032]    The sound attenuation can also be estimated from any suitable attenuation estimation, including, for example, the diagram shown in  FIG. 4 , showing a typical attenuation of 8 to 10 dB for a 3 feet or 1 meter distance in a rooms above 10 m̂2 Sabin, where Sabin is the unit of acoustical absorption. 
         [0033]    Referring to  FIG. 5 , an example detection process  500  is shown. In the example process  500 , once the EMU  120 , has detected the appliance power cycle at block  510 , the microphone  270  is enabled at block  512  to start looking for the three consecutive beeps, at block  514  and to prepare for the reception of the four diagnostic frames at block  516 . In case that the three consecutive beeps are not detected (block  514 ), the algorithm returns to look for the power cycling condition (block  510 ). In an appliance  110  where the power is not cycled to start the diagnostic sequence, the EMU  120  may be configured to look for the three consecutive tones and the power drain signature for this condition through the EMU  120 . Once the three consecutive tones are detected (block  514 ), the EMU  120  starts looking for the acoustical four frames sequence that contains the detail diagnostic information at block  516 . 
         [0034]    If the diagnostic information is received at block  516 , then it is retransmitted via the connectivity medium of the EMU  120  at block  518  (e.g., WiFi, ZigBee, PLC, or other suitable communication). If the diagnostic information is not received, or is received without clarity, a retry message may be provided to the appliance  110  at block  520 . Once the frames are retransmitted, a similar validation sequence is conducted by the receiver (e.g., the home hub  140 , or other receiver) at block  522 . If properly received, the diagnostic information may be, for example, stored at block  524  for subsequence analysis. In this instance, the stored data is processed such that in each frame, the data is de-interleaved, and corrected from any transmission errors at block  526 , before being passed through the diagnosis module to decode the failure mode status at block  528 . The failure mode status may then be transmitted to the Home Hub  140  (or directly to the proxy server  150 ) as desired to provide next steps feedback for the consumer at block  530 . 
         [0035]    Although certain example methods and apparatus have been described herein, the scope of coverage of this patent is not limited thereto. On the contrary, this patent covers all methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture fairly falling within the scope of the appended claims either literally or under the doctrine of equivalents.