Abstract:
This invention provides a system that includes a plurality of voting PC, which allow the voters to cast a vote from home, office, public places or precinct without losing the secrecy, by casting a vote using Personal Voting Codes (PVC) and a voter Personal Identification Number (PIN) and an electronic ballot that store and read the vote in accordance with some access codes. The system further includes a plurality of results PCs, which tabulates the content of completed ballots with identical Party&#39;s Access Codes (PAC) in a manner that maintains the Voter&#39;s Identity (VI), PIN and PVC of the voters associated with the particular ballots, confidential. The system further include a plurality of PC with the PAC and VI to be removing; in a manner that only electronic ballots with identical PAC and VI will be deleted, this will facilitates the challenge of ineligible votes and the correction of erroneous votes.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    The present invention relates to electronic devices for elections. More specifically, this invention relates to an apparatus and method of controlling the local, State or National election process by the use of an electronic device or electronic ballot.  
           [0002]    The USA Election 2000 tells us all we need to realize that a new solution is required. The personnel, time and the cost involved in count and manual recounts of votes are an issue to be resolved. The actual systems not allow casting a vote from home, office or public places without losing the secrecy of the vote. Thus, it is desirable to have a method of elections that allows casting a vote from home, office, public places and/or precinct without losing neither the secrecy nor the security of the vote and to count votes in less time and with less cost that the conventional way.  
           [0003]    Voting systems in prior art not have been designed using an electronic device as the voting ballot. See:  
           [0004]    Kilian, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 6,092,051 (Secure receipt-free electronic voting);  
           [0005]    Challener, et al., U.S. Pat. No 6,081,793 (Method and system for secure computer moderated voting);  
           [0006]    Peralto, U.S. Pat. No. 5,878,399 (Computerized voting system);  
           [0007]    Sarner, et al., U.S. Pat. No 5,666,765 (Suitcase voting booth with access for handicapped persons);  
           [0008]    Chumbley, U.S. Pat. No 5,610,383 (Device for collecting voting data);  
           [0009]    Davis III, et al., U.S. Pat. No 5,583,329 (Direct recording electronic voting machine and voting process);  
           [0010]    Graft III, U.S. Pat. No 5,278,753 (Electronic voting system).  
         BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0011]    It is an object of the present invention to allow casting a vote from home, office, public places and/or precinct without losing the secrecy of the vote.  
           [0012]    It is an object of the present invention to show a method of controlling the local, State or National election process by the use of an electronic device or electronic ballot.  
           [0013]    It is an object of the present invention to remove the vote of an invalid voter without compromise the secrecy of the election, in a manner that facilitates the challenge of ineligible votes and the correction of erroneous votes.  
           [0014]    It is an object of the present invention to simplify the complexity of the election system hardware using personal computers and electronic ballot.  
           [0015]    It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of read and write an electronic ballot using an electromagnetic field.  
           [0016]    It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of powered the electronic ballot by using the electromagnetic field first pulse.  
           [0017]    It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of powered the electronic ballot by using the electromagnetic field pulses.  
           [0018]    It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a method of erase a ballot in any event of tampering with the ballot. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0019]    [0019]FIG. 1 illustrates Personal Computer and an electronic ballot.  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 2 illustrates an electronic ballot apparatus and two internal block components.  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 3 illustrates the internal circuits of the electronic ballot.  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 4 illustrates the circuit to power the electronic ballot.  
         [0023]    [0023]FIG. 5 illustrates the circuit to communicate the electronic ballot with the personal computer.  
         [0024]    [0024]FIG. 6 illustrates the block diagram of the personal computer interface with the electronic ballot.  
         [0025]    [0025]FIG. 7 illustrates the nonvolatile memory and control of the electronic ballot.  
         [0026]    [0026]FIG. 8 illustrates the personal computer screen that allow Voters to cast a vote in presence of third parties without been intimidated to loose the secrecy of their vote. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0027]    According to the present invention, a method and system is provided for conducting elections using an electronic device as the voting ballot. The system allows paper type ballots to be utilized at the precincts if desire. Pluralities of Personal Computers (PC) are utilized to perform all the functions required in order to conduct an election in accordance with this invention.  
         [0028]    Voters can use any PC to cast a vote in presence of third parties without been intimidated to loose the secrecy of their vote. Voter connect the electronic ballot (e-ballot) to a PC, then the PC show Voter&#39;s Identity (VI) (may include fingerprints and DNA information) previously stored on the e-ballot, then voter enter a Personal Identification Number (PIN) an using one of the Personal Voting Codes (PVC) know only by the voter and previously stored on the e-ballot, the voter cast a vote as follow: the PC assign a number to each candidate name or picture on a consecutive bases, starting with a fix or random number, then the voter can increase or decrease the start number until the PVC match the candidate name or picture to be choose. In the event that more than one candidate must be choose for that office, a different PVC must be use for each candidate in order to keep the secrecy of the PVC previously use. (PVC may consist of a single digit or character) Then the PC transmits to the e-ballot the PIN and the numbers associates to all candidates enter by the voter. Then the e-ballot store a mark on the candidate that match one of the PVC previously stored on the e-ballot, only if the PIN transmitted by the PC match the PIN previously stored on the e-ballot, fingerprints or DNA can be part of the comparison process as well as time and date to be use. A place to transport DNA or a fingerprint sample can be including on the e-ballot for further verification of the voter identity.  
         [0029]    In order to count votes using a PC, a representative of each party must enter the same access code use to validate the e-ballots before each election. This party access codes grouped with all of the other parties will be called Party&#39;s Access Codes (PAC) hereafter. After the PC get the PAC, each time a e-ballot is connected (manually or with an automatic feeder), the PC transmit to the e-ballot the PAC, only if the PAC transmitted by the PC matches the one stored on the e-ballot, the e-ballot respond with the marks on the candidates chosen. (The e-ballot may delete its memory after received few invalid PAC&#39;s). Then the PC must accumulate and stored the votes; results may be show after the PAC is reenter in order to keep the secrecy of the votes.  
         [0030]    In order to participate on the elections the voter must pass the Voter&#39;s Identity (VI) authentication process in front of a judge or election representative, after that, the voter enter in secrecy a the Personal Identification Number (PIN) and the Personal Voting Codes (PVC), then the PC transmits the VI, PIN and PVC to any e-ballot, then the e-ballot store VI, PIN, PVC and reset the non-volatile memory. The e-ballot will be place on a safety box and may be organized by zip code +4 at the elections office.  
         [0031]    In preparation for elections the party&#39;s representatives must validate the ballots. Using a PC party&#39;s representatives enter the PAC generated for that particular election, then enter the update List of Valid Voters (LVV), then connect e-ballots one by one, (manually or with an automatic feeder) then the PC transmit a command to read the e-ballot, then the e-ballot transmit the VI if the VI of the e-ballot match one of LVV, the PC transmit to the e-ballot the PAC and the information needed for the coming election, if not the PC transmit a delete command to the e-ballot, the e-ballot execute the command or save the information, then the PC print a label with the voter name and address to be use by the elections office to send (by hand, mail etc.) the e-ballot to the voter along with a return envelope, that voter will use after vote to return the e-ballot to the correct place.  
         [0032]    In order to remove the vote of an invalid voter without compromise the secrecy of the election, in a manner that facilitates the challenge of ineligible votes and the correction of erroneous votes. Using a PC party&#39;s representatives enter the same access code (PAC) use to validate the e-ballots before each election, then enter the List of Invalid Voters (LIV), then connect e-ballots one by one, (manually or with an automatic feeder) then the PC transmit the PAC to the e-ballot, then the e-ballot transmit the VI, if the VI of the e-ballot match one of LIV, the PC transmit a delete command to the e-ballot, then e-ballot execute the command.  
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0033]    Referring to FIG. 1, a personal computer  1 B and an electronic ballot  1 A are illustrated. The personal computer  1 B refers to all Personal Computers (PC) utilized to perform all the functions required in order to conduct an election in accordance with this invention.  
         [0034]    The personal computer  1 B communicate with the electronic ballot  1 A by any means (optical, radio frequency, electric current, electric voltage, magnetic field, etc.) the prefer means is a magnetic field and will focus only on that for description purposes. The e-ballot preferred embodiment is a specific semiconductor design with a magnetic interface, but with some limitations can be accommodate on a smart card or on micro controllers available on the market and interface with the PC by means know.  
         [0035]    Referring to FIG. 2 an electronic ballot  1 A is illustrated; a coil  2 A receive or transmit signals from and to the outside of the ballot  1 A. Once the link is established, information bits can flow from and to the outside of the ballot  1 A. A block diagram  2 B contain the memory, power supply and control circuits needed to perform all the functions of the electronic ballot  1 A.  
         [0036]    Referring to FIG. 3 an internal parts of the electronic ballot  1 A are illustrated; a coil  2 A receive or transmit signals from and to the outside of the ballot  1 A. A power parasite circuit  3 A capture the energy of the electric pulses of the coil  2 A to supply the voltage and current needed to operate the non-volatile memory and control circuit&#39;s  3 B and the input output port  3 C.  
         [0037]    Referring to FIG. 4 an internal parts of the electronic ballot  1 A are illustrated; a coil  2 A receive a signals from the outside of the ballot  1 A. A power parasite circuit  3 A capture the energy on the capacitor  4 B of the electric pulses of the coil  2 A the diode  4 A allow the charge and prevent the coil to discharge the capacitor  4 B.  
         [0038]    Referring to FIG. 5 an internal parts of the electronic ballot  1 A are illustrated; a coil  2 A receive a signals from the outside of the ballot  1 A and activate the input portion of the circuit  3 C to generate a digital signal RX using circuit  5 B. The output portion of the circuit  3 C can convert a digital signal TX using a transistor  5 A into a magnetic pulse using the same coil  2 A.  
         [0039]    Referring to FIG. 6 an internal parts of the electronic PC interface  1 B are illustrated; a coil  2 A receive or transmit signals from or to the outside of the PC  6 A using a similar circuit  3 C.  
         [0040]    Referring to FIG. 7 the Nonvolatile Memory (NVM) part  3 B of the electronic ballot  1 A is illustrated in more detail; a digital serial signal RX trigger the time circuit  7 F with the end of the first bit. The input register  7 A load all subsequent bits timed by the circuit  7 F. After the end of the serial message the circuit  7 F enable the comparator  7 C to allow or restrict the information to get in or out of the nonvolatile memory  7 D depending on the memory function control circuit  7 E with respect to the message received. Additionally the comparator  7 C discard any message corrupted. Additionally the comparator  7 C and the memory function and control circuit  7 E can take other factors as: clock and/or date from the circuit  7 I and/or DNA and/or fingerprints from circuit  7 H. A circuit  7 G generate additional bits of information to be transmitted that allow the outside computer to verify that the message is not corrupted. The output register  7 H serialize the message to be transmitted on de line TX. The nonvolatile memory  7 D may contain the Party&#39;s Access Codes (PAC), the Voter&#39;s Identity (VI), the voter personal identification number (PIN), few personal voting codes (PVC), fingerprints data, DNA data and the space for mark the selection of candidates. The comparator  7 C allow casting a vote only if PIN, fingerprints data or DNA data matches the one in the nonvolatile memory and the votes that match one of the PVC will be selected. The comparator  7 C allow the outside to know the votes only if PAC matches the one in the nonvolatile memory. The circuit  7 B and/or the comparator  7 C can delete the nonvolatile memory if electronically or fiscally tampering attack is detected. A place to transport a DNA and/or fingerprints sample from the voter to the election office is show on the box  7 K.  
         [0041]    Referring to FIG. 8 illustrates the personal computer  1 B touch screen that allow Voters to cast a vote by touching the screen (or by selecting with mouse and/or keyboard) in presence of third parties without been intimidated to loose the secrecy of their vote. The PC  1 B assign a number  8 B and  8 C to each candidate name or picture  8 A on a consecutive bases, starting with a fix or random number, then the voter can increase or decrease the start number  8 B or  8 C by touching (or by selecting with mouse and/or keyboard)  8 D or  8 E or  8 F or  8 G until the PVC match the candidate name or picture to be choose. In the event that more than one candidate must be choose for that office, a different PVC must be use for each candidate in order to keep the secrecy of the PVC previously use (PVC may consist of a single digit or character).  
         [0042]    Although the invention has been shown and described with respect to exemplary embodiments thereof, various other changes, omissions and additions in form and/or detail thereof may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.