Abstract:
A hinge for opening a door up to an angle of about 180° includes a mounting plate and a hinge casing connected by two hinge arms. The movement of the hinge arms with respect of each other is controlled by a rack and pinion arrangement. One hinge arm carries the pinion and this hinge arms is guided at two points of connection in guiding grooves in the mounting plate.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention relates to a hinge having an opening angle of about 180° and including a base plate fastenable to a wall of the piece of furniture and a hinge casing or the like fastenable to a door wing and, for example, insertable into a drill hole in the door wing. The base plate and hinge casing are linked to each other by means of hinge arms, the first of the hinge arms being movable in guiding grooves or the like in the base plate or in an intermediate member fastened to the base plate, the second of the hinge arms being coupled to a slide on the side of the base plate. The slide is movably guided in the longitudinal direction in the first hinge arm. The first hinge arm is provided with at least one, preferably two toothed wheels, the wheel or wheels meshing with racks on the base plate or the intermediate member and on the slide. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     Hinges of this kind are used in furniture constructions, when the door should be opened by more than 90° in order to ensure a better access to the interior of the piece of furniture. When fully opened, the door should be spaced from the body of the piece of furniture in order to prevent it from pushing against an adjacent door. 
     In conventional hinges, the large opening angle is obtained by means of crossed hinge arms or links. 
     Such hinges have the disadvantage that the hinge arms or links protrude far into the interior of the piece of furniture when the hinge is closed, so that storage space is lost. 
     With hinges in which the two hinge arms are linked by a toothed wheel by means of racks, thus obtaining a very flat design, considerable space between adjacent doors is necessary as the function of such hinges is similar to that of a one-axle hinge. 
     Examples of the prior art arrangement mentioned above are shown in Swiss Pat. No. 480 525 and West German DE-AS 1 958 983 and DE-OS 2 204 828 and 2 756 319. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is, therefore, the object of the invention to provide a hinge of the afore-described type, with an opening angle of about 180°, of extremely flat design and having the same advantages and at least approximately the same course of motion as conventional four-axle hinges. 
     According to the invention, this is achieved by guiding the first hinge arm carrying the toothed wheel or wheels in its longitudinal direction in a slide way or slide ways by means of two points of connection and by guiding at least one of such points of connection in a curved slide way. 
     A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the first hinge arm carrying the toothed wheels is at the toothed wheels guided in a slide way of the base plate curved with respect to the mounting plane, the rack or racks of the base plate being adapted to the curvature of such slide way. 
     By means of this arrangement, the door is, during the opening process, spaced from the furniture side wall in a direction normal to the side wall. 
     Hence, the opening of the door is not impeded, even when a second door or a wall lies adjacent thereto. The slide way is preferably formed by two slots on both sides of the base plate, the axle of the toothed wheel or wheels extending through such slots. The axle is one point of connection. 
     Optimal guiding of the door is obtained in that the vertex of the slide way coincides with that point of the slide way which is farthest from the mounting plane of the base plate. 
     The slide is advantageously mounted by providing it with lateral flanges extending into grooves in the hinge arm, or vice versa, by arranging the grooves in the slide and the lateral flanges on the hinge arm. 
     A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the hinge arm carrying the slide comprises two members, i.e. two lateral members linked to each other by means of axles, one of the axles being the bearing axle of the toothed wheels. Each axle forms one point of connection. 
     It preferably provided that the hinge arm coupled to the slide is on the side of the hinge casing fastened to a seat of the hinge casing, such seat projecting from the hinge casing. It further is provided that the base plate is at its front face provided with a recess into which the seat of the hinge casing extends when the hinge is closed. 
     The recess in the base plate is dimensioned in such a manner that the side walls of the recess form lateral guides for the inserted seat. When the hinge is in the closed position, the weight of the door wing does not exclusively rest on the hinge axles. 
     By means of this arrangement, the stability of the closed hinge is substantially increased. 
     Optimal guiding of the hinge arms is obtained by adapting the slide way to rise from the mounting plane of the base plate towards the rear end of the base plate. The first hinge arm is, at its end directed away from the hinge casing, movably guided in the slide way in a conventional manner. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     In the following various embodiments of the invention will be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, without being limited thereto, and wherein: 
     FIGS. 1 through 6 are schematic side views of an embodiment of the hinge of the invention, shown in different positions, from the closed position to the maximum opened position, one side of the hinge arm not being shown for reasons of clarity of illustration, 
     FIG. 7 is a top view of a hinge according to the invention shown in the 90° open position, 
     FIG. 8 is a side view of the connection between a hinge arm axle and the hinge arm, 
     FIG. 9 is a sectional view along line IX--IX of FIG. 8, 
     FIG. 10 is a side view of a part of the hinge arm seen from the center of the hinge, 
     FIG. 11 is a side view of a second embodiment of a hinge of the invention, shown in the closed position, 
     FIG. 12 is a top view thereof, and 
     FIG. 13 is a front view thereof, shown without the hinge casing. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The hinge according to the invention comprises a base plate 4 fastenable to a furniture side wall 2 and a hinge casing 3 insertable into a door 1. 
     The hinge casing 3 and the base plate 4 are coupled to each other by means of hinge arms 5 and 12. The hinge arm 5, which in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 through 10 includes two hinge arm members 5&#39; arranged along opposite sides of the base plate 4, is coupled to the hinge casing 3 by means of the hinge axle 17. 
     On the side of the furniture body, the hinge arm 5 is mounted in a slide way 10 in the base plate 4 by means of an axle 9 linking the two hinge arm members 5&#39; and forming a point of connection. The slide way 10 is formed by one or two slots in the base plate 4. 
     The hinge arm 12 is coupled to the hinge casing 3 by means of an axle 19, i.e. to a projection or seat 16 projecting from the hinge casing 3. On its other side, the hinge arm 12 is fastened to a slide 7 by means of an axle 20. The slide 7 is mounted in the hinge arm 5, i.e. the slide is provided with lateral flanges 18 extending into grooves 15 of the hinge arm members 5&#39;, whereby the slide 7 is movably arranged in the hinge arm 5. 
     Approximately in its center, the hinge arm 5 is provided with an axle 21 forming the second point of connection. In the first embodiment, the axle 21 at opposite ends thereof carries toothed wheels or gear wheels 8. 
     Axle 21 extends through a slide way 11 in the base plate 4, slide way 11 being of approximately V-shaped configuration, as can be seen from the drawings. 
     Below the slide ways 11 are arranged on each side of the base plate 4 respective racks 13. 
     The slide 7 is also provided with one or two racks 14, each toothed wheels 8 mating with respective racks 14 and 13. 
     When the door 1 is opened, the slide 7 is pulled out of the body of the piece of furniture by the hinge arm 12. 
     Hence, the slide 7 rotates the toothed wheels 8, which move on the racks 13 of the base plate 4. The hinge arm 5 is, thus, moved forward on the base plate 4, and the slide 7 moves at the time twice the distance of movement of the hinge arm 5. 
     Because of the special design of the slide way 11, i.e. its V-shaped curvature, the hinge arm 5 and, hence, all coupling points of the hinge casing 3 are lifted from the furniture side wall 2 in the direction of arrow A during the opening process. It is, therefore, possible to open the door 1, even when a second door or another hindrance lies adjacent to the door 1. This has been indicated in FIGS. 1 and 2 by B. The curvature of the slide way could also describe the three shorter sides of a trapezoid. 
     The base plate 4 is, at its front face directed towards the door 1, provided with a recess 22. When the door 1 is closed, the seat 16 of the hinge casing 3 extends into recess 22. 
     By dimensioning the breadth of the recess 22 in such a manner that the seat 16 fits closely therein, additional guiding and retaining means for adjusting the height of the piece of furniture are provided for the closed wide angle hinge. Moreover, the weight of the door 1 is transferred to the base plate 4 not exclusively by the hinge arm axles and the hinge arms. 
     FIGS. 8 and 9 show the manner of fastening the axle 9 to the hinge arm members 5&#39;. Each end of axle 9 extends through an aperture 23 in the respective hinge arm member 5&#39; and has a tapered portion 9&#39; in the region of the hinge arm member 5&#39;. 
     Channels 24 are provided in the hinge arm member 5&#39;. A spring 19 engaging the annular groove of the axle 9 formed by the tapered portion 9&#39; extends into channels 24. Due to the fact that the channels 24 converge towards the top, the spring 19 must be slightly pressed together, when being inserted. When the spring has been inserted into the channels 24 to a certain extent, the spring 19 is automatically pulled into the position illustrated in the drawings. 
     In the embodiment according to FIGS. 11 through 13, only one toothed wheel or toothed roll 8 is mounted on the hinge arm 5. Toothed wheel 8 is concentrically arranged and lies between two lateral flanges of the base plate 4, the slots 10 and the slots for the slide way 11 being arranged in such flanges. 
     In this embodiment, the slots for the slide way 11 and for the rear slide way 10 extend into one another, and, hence, form a common continuous slot 10, 11 on each side of the base plate 4. 
     On the rear end, the slot 10 turns slightly upwards, i.e. it extends slightly upwardly from the mounting plane. Hence, the rear end of the hinge arm 5 is lowered first, when the hinge is opened. A particularly advantageous motion of the hinge arm 5 is, thus, obtained. 
     The rack 13 is concentrically arranged on the base plate 4. 
     In this embodiment, the hinge arm 5 is of one piece and is of U-shaped cross-section. The slide 7 is inserted into the U-shape from one end of the hinge arm 5 and is covered by the hinge arm 5 when the hinge has been assembled. 
     The base plate 4 is retained on the furniture side wall 2 by means of two screws 17a and an adjusting screw 18a. The mounting face of the base plate 4 is designed to comprise two sections 4&#39; and 4&#34; meeting in a supporting rim 4&#34;&#39; aligned parallel to the rotational axis of the wide angle hinge. In the illustrated imbodiments, the base plate 4 is tiltable about the rim 4&#34;&#39; on the furniture side wall 2. 
     In the regions of the screws 17a, 18a the base plate 4 is provided with U-shaped recesses which are open on one side, i.e. it is possible to screw the screws 17a, 18a into the furniture side wall 2 and to insert, subsequently, the base plate 4 together with the hinge arms below the heads of screws 17a, 18a. 
     Because of the tiltable arrangement of the base plate 4 it is possible to effect a side adjustment of the hinge by turning the adjusting screw 18a. Subsequently, the screws 17a are fastened. 
     The screws 17a obviously can be replaced by dowels.