Abstract:
The present disclosure provides wireless charging and powering methods for healthcare gadgets and wireless sensors. The method may include wireless power transmission through suitable techniques such as pocket-forming. The methods may include one or more transmitters and one or more receivers. In some embodiments the transmitters and receivers may be embedded to medical devices and wireless sensors, respectively. In other embodiments, the receiver may be integrated into wireless sensors. In yet another embodiment, the transmitters may be positioned on strategic places so as to have a wider range for wireless power transmission to portable electronic medical devices and wireless sensors.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/051,054, filed on Oct. 10, 2013, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
     This application relates to U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 13/891,430 filed May 10, 2013, entitled “Methodology For Pocket-forming;” U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 13/925,469 filed Jun. 24, 2013, entitled “Methodology for Multiple Pocket-Forming,” U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 13/946,082 filed Jul. 19, 2013, entitled “Method for 3 Dimensional Pocket-forming,” U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 13/891,399 filed May 10, 2013, entitled “Receivers for Wireless Power Transmission,” U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 13/891,445 filed May 10, 2013, entitled “Transmitters for Wireless Power Transmission;” U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 14/583,625, filed Dec. 27, 2014, entitled “Receivers for Wireless Power Transmission,” U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 14/583,630, filed Dec. 27, 2014, entitled “Methodology for Pocket-Forming,” U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 14/583,634, filed Dec. 27, 2014, entitled “Transmitters for Wireless Power Transmission,” U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 14/583,640, filed Dec. 27, 2014, entitled “Methodology for Multiple Pocket-Forming,” U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 14/583,641, filed Dec. 27, 2014, entitled “Wireless Power Transmission with Selective Range,” U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 14/583,643, filed Dec. 27, 2014, entitled “Method for 3 Dimensional Pocket-Forming,” all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD OF INVENTION 
     The present disclosure relates to wireless power transmission, and more particularly to wireless charging and powering methods for healthcare gadgets and sensors. 
     BACKGROUND 
     The often large and cumbersome medical devices such as the ones used for measurement (e.g., infrared electronic thermometer, blood pressure monitor, blood glucose meter, pulse oximeter and ECG monitor) and others such as ultrasound machines have become smaller in terms of dimensions, remain durable for a longer period of time, and are less expensive as the electronic technology evolves to maturity. However, in order for these devices to become portable they need to use batteries to get the power they need to work. The constant use of these devices demands charging their batteries more often. In hospitals or healthcare centers this may be troublesome and inconvenient for the staff since they may not have enough time to fully charge their healthcare gadgets. 
     Therefore, there is still a need for a method that allows portable electronic medical devices to charge or power themselves in a wireless fashion while using them and hence avoiding the need of cables. 
     SUMMARY 
     The present disclosure provides wireless charging and powering methods for healthcare gadgets and wireless sensors. The method may include a type of transmitter which may be employed for sending Radio Frequency (RF) signals to electronic devices, such as portable medical electronic devices and wireless sensors. Portable medical electronic devices and wireless sensors may include a type of receiver embedded or attached to it for converting RF signals into suitable electricity for powering and charging themselves. The technique employed may be known as pocket-forming and may be incorporated here by reference. 
     A first embodiment for providing wireless power to medical devices, may be provided. In this embodiment, a transmitter may be located at the ceiling of a living room or common area of a hospital and provide wireless power transmission to a plurality of portable medical electronic devices. 
     A second embodiment for providing wireless power inside a recovery room of a patient, may be provided. In this embodiment, a transmitter may be located at the ceiling of a recovery room of a patient and provide wireless power transmission to any portable medical electronic device, such as a tablet which may display the patient&#39;s records, that a doctor, nurse or any of the like, may be using to analyze the patient. 
     A third embodiment for providing wireless power to wireless sensors, which may be used for measuring physiological parameters of a patient, may be provided. In this embodiment, wireless sensors may communicate with a plurality of medical devices wirelessly and at the same time charge or power themselves by following the method described herein known as pocket-forming. 
     Numerous other aspects, features and benefits of the present disclosure may be made apparent from the following detailed description taken together with the drawing figures. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Embodiments of the present disclosure are described by way of example with reference to the accompanying figures, which are schematic and may not be drawn to scale. Unless indicated as representing prior art, the figures represent aspects of the present disclosure. The main features and advantages of the present disclosure will be better understood with the following descriptions, claims, and drawings, where: 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a component level embodiment for a transmitter, according to an embodiment. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a component level embodiment for a receiver, according to an embodiment. 
         FIG. 3  illustrates two embodiments of medical electronic devices which may include a receiver, as the one described in  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 4  illustrates a first embodiment for providing wireless power to portable medical electronic devices, based on pocket-forming. 
         FIG. 5  illustrates a second embodiment for providing wireless power to portable medical electronic devices, based on pocket-forming. 
         FIG. 6  illustrates a third embodiment for providing wireless power to wireless sensors used for measuring physiological parameters of a patient, based on pocket-forming. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     “Pocket-forming” may refer to generating two or more RF waves which converge in 3-d space, forming controlled constructive and destructive interference patterns. 
     “Pockets of energy” may refer to areas or regions of space where energy or power may accumulate in the form of constructive interference patterns of RF waves. 
     “Null-space” may refer to areas or regions of space where pockets of energy do not form because of destructive interference patterns of RF waves. 
     “Transmitter” may refer to a device, including a chip which may generate two or more RF signals, at least one. RF signal being phase shifted and gain adjusted with respect to other RF signals, substantially all of which pass through one or more RF antenna such that focused RF signals are directed to a target. 
     “Receiver” may refer to a device including at least one antenna element, at least one rectifying circuit and at least one power converter, which may utilize pockets of energy for powering, or charging an electronic device. 
     “Adaptive pocket-forming” may refer to dynamically adjusting pocket-forming to regulate power on one or more targeted receivers. 
     In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof In the drawings, which may not be to scale or to proportion, similar symbols typically identify similar components, unless context dictates otherwise. The illustrative embodiments described in the detailed description, drawings and claims, are not meant to be limiting. Other embodiments may be used and/or and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. 
       FIG. 1  shows an example of a transmitter  100  that can be used for pocket-forming. In this embodiment, transmitter  100  may be used to provide wireless power transmission. Transmitter  100  may include a housing  102  having at least two or more antenna elements  104 . At least one RF integrated circuit (RFIC  106 ), at least one digital signal processor (DSP) or micro-controller  108 , and one communications component  110 . Housing  102  can be made of any suitable material which may allow for signal or wave transmission and/or reception, for example plastic or hard rubber. Antenna elements  104  may include suitable antenna types for operating in frequency bands such as 900 MHz, 2.5 GHz or 5.8 GHz as these frequency bands conform to Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulations part 18 (Industrial, Scientific and Medical equipment). Antenna elements  104  may include vertical or horizontal polarization, right hand or left hand polarization, elliptical polarization, or other suitable polarizations as well as suitable polarization combinations. Suitable antenna types may include, for example, patch antennas with heights from about 1/24 inch to about 1 inch and widths from about 1/24 inch to about 1 inch. Micro-controller  108  may then process information sent by a receiver through communications component  110  for determining optimum times and locations for pocket-forming. Communications component  110  may be based on standard wireless communication protocols which may include Bluetooth, Wi-Fi or ZigBee. In addition, communications component  110  may be used to transfer other information such as an identifier for the device or user, battery level, location or other such information. Other communications component  110  may be possible which may include radar, infrared cameras or sound devices for sonic triangulation for determining the device&#39;s position. 
       FIG. 2  shows an example of a receiver  200  that can be used for pocket-forming. In this embodiment, receiver  200  may be used for powering or charging an electronic device. Receiver  200  may also include a housing  202  having at least one antenna element  204 , one rectifier  206 , one power converter  208  and one or more communications component  210 . Housing  202  can be made of any suitable material which may allow for signal or wave transmission and/or reception, for example plastic or hard rubber. Housing  202  may be an external hardware that may be added to different electronic equipment, for example in the form of cases, or can be embedded within electronic equipment as well. Antenna element  204  may include suitable antenna types for operating in frequency bands such as those described for transmitter  100  from  FIG. 1 . Antenna element  204  may include vertical or horizontal polarization, right hand or left hand polarization, elliptical polarization, or other suitable polarizations as well as suitable polarization combinations. Using multiple polarizations can be beneficial in devices where there may not be a preferred orientation during usage or whose orientation may vary continuously through time, for example a smartphone or portable gaming system. On the contrary, for devices with well-defined orientations, for example a two-handed video game controller, there might be a preferred polarization for antennas which may dictate a ratio for the number of antennas of a given polarization, 
     Suitable antenna types may include patch antennas with heights from about 1/24 inch to about 1 inch and widths from about 1/24 inch to about 1 inch. Patch antennas may have the advantage that polarization may depend on connectivity, i.e., depending on which side the patch is fed, the polarization may change. This may further prove advantageous as a receiver, such as receiver  200 , may dynamically modify its antenna polarization to optimize wireless power transmission. Rectifier  206  may include diodes or resistors, inductors or capacitors to rectify the alternating current (AC) voltage generated by antenna element  204  to direct current (DC) voltage. Rectifier  206  may be placed as close as is technically possible to antenna element  204  to minimize losses. After rectifying AC voltage, DC voltage may be regulated using power converter  208 . Power converter  208  can be a DC-DC converter which may help provide a constant voltage output, regardless of input, to an electronic device, or as in this embodiment to a battery  212 . Typical voltage outputs can be from about 5 volts to about 10 volts. 
     In some embodiments, power converter  208  may include electronic switched mode DC-DC converters which can provide high efficiency, in such a case, a capacitor (not shown) may be included before power converter  208  to ensure sufficient current is provided for the switching device to operate. When charging an electronic device, for example a phone or laptop computer, initial high currents which can breakdown the operation of an electronic switched mode DC-DC converter may be required. In such a ease, a capacitor (not shown) may be added at the output of receiver  200  to provide the extra energy required. Afterwards, lower power can be provided, for example 1/80 of the total initial power while having the phone or laptop still build-up charge. Lastly, a communications component  210  may be included in receiver  200  to communicate with a transmitter or to other electronic equipment. Such a communications component  210  may be based on standard wireless communication protocols which may include Bluetooth, WI-Fi or ZigBee similar to communications component  110  from transmitter  100 . 
       FIG. 3  illustrates two embodiments of portable electronic medical devices  300  which may include a receiver  200 , as the one described in  FIG. 2 . 
       FIG. 3A  then shows a first embodiment where a portable medical electronic device such as a blood glucose meter  302  may include a receiver  200 , as the one described in  FIG. 2 . Receiver  200  may be embedded or attached in the back side of blood glucose meter  302 . Receiver  200  may include an array of antenna elements  204  strategically distributed on the grid area shown in  FIG. 3A . The number and type of antenna elements  204  may be calculated according to the blood glucose meter  302 &#39;s design. 
       FIG. 3B  shows a second embodiment where a portable medical electronic device such as portable ultrasound machine  304  may include a receiver  200 , as the one described in  FIG. 2 . Receiver  200  may be embedded on the front and sides of portable ultrasound machine  304 . Receiver  200  may include an array of antenna elements  204  strategically distributed on the grid area shown in  FIG. 3B . The number and type of antenna elements  204  may be calculated according to the portable ultrasound machine  304 &#39;s design. 
     The above described may not be limited to portable electronic medical devices  300  that is shown in  FIG. 3 . Receiver  200  may also be included in a plurality of medical electronic devices such as infrared electronic thermometer, electronic pads like tablets, blood pressure monitor, blood glucose meter, pulse oximeter, and ECG among others. The number and type of antenna elements  204  may be calculated according the medical electronic device&#39;s design. 
       FIG. 4  illustrates a first embodiment for providing wireless power transmission  400  to portable electronic medical devices  300 , based on pocket-forming. Transmitter  100  may be located at the ceiling of a living room pointing downwards, and may transmit controlled Radio RF waves  402  which may converge in 3-d space. These Radio frequencies (RF) waves  402  may be controlled through phase and/or relative amplitude adjustments to form constructive and destructive interference patterns (pocket-forming). Pockets of energy  404  may be formed at constructive interference patterns and can be 3-dimensional in shape whereas null-spaces may be generated at destructive interference patterns. A receiver  200 , embedded or attached to portable electronic medical devices  300 , may then utilize pockets of energy  404  produced by pocket-forming for charging or powering these devices, and thus effectively providing wireless power transmission  400 . 
     In an embodiment, transmitter  100  may include a housing  102  where at least two or more antenna elements  104 , at least one RF integrated circuit (RFIC  106 ), at least one digital signal processor (DSP) or micro-controller  108 , and one communications component  110  may be included. Transmitter  100  may also include a local oscillator chip for converting alternating current (AC) power to analog RF signals. Such RF signals may firstly be phase and gain adjusted through an RFIC  106  proprietary chip, and then converted to RF waves  402  via antenna elements  104 . On the other hand, receiver  200  may include a housing  202  where at least one antenna element  204 , at least one rectifier  206  and at least one power converter  208  may be included. Receiver  200  may communicate with transmitter  100  through short RF waves  402  or pilot signals sent through antenna elements  204 . In some embodiments, receiver  200  may include an optional communications device for communicating on standard wireless communication protocols such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi or Zigbee with transmitter  100 . In some embodiments, receiver  200  may be implemented externally to medical electronic devices in the form of cases, e.g., tablet cases, phone cases and the like which may connect through suitable and well known in the art techniques such as universal serial bus (USB). In other embodiments, receiver  200  may be embedded within electronic devices. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates a second embodiment for providing wireless power transmission  500  to portable electronic medical devices  300 , based on pocket-forming. In this embodiment, transmitter  100  may be located inside a recovery room, more specifically transmitter  100  may be fixed at the ceiling of the recovery room of a patient. Doctor  502  may use a portable electronic medical device  300  such as a tablet where he may check the patient&#39;s record and do other medical tasks. Transmitter  100  may then produce controlled RF waves  504  and send them to portable electronic medical device  300 , which may include a receiver  200  either embedded or attached to it, as the one described in  FIG. 2 . Controlled. RF waves  504  may then create pockets of energy  506  on receiver  200 . Receiver  200  may convert pockets of energy  506  to generate charge or power to portable electronic medical device  300 . 
     The embodiment described above may be limited for rooms where patients do not have a pacemaker. The controlled RF waves  504  may interfere or damage the functioning of those type of devices because of the electromagnetic fields. 
       FIG. 6  illustrates a third embodiment for providing wireless power transmission  600  to wireless sensors  602  which may be used for measuring physiological parameters of a patient. In this embodiment, multiple transmitters  100  attached or embedded to medical devices  604  may provide controlled RF waves  606  to wireless sensors  602 . Controlled RF waves  606  may then create pockets of energy  608  on receivers  200 , which may be integrated in wireless sensors  602 . Receivers  200  may then convert pockets of energy  506  to generate charge or power to wireless sensors  602 . 
     The embodiment described above may be limited for rooms where patients do not have a pacemaker. The controlled RF waves  606  may interfere or damage the functioning of those type of devices because of the electromagnetic fields. 
     While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments are contemplated. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.