Abstract:
A method is shown providing a Bill Validator that is adaptable for bill payback by utilizing an attachable bill hopper module to fit between the bill Stacker and the Bill Validator. 
     A construction is shown providing a bill Validator utilizing an attachable bill hopper module fitted between the bill Stacker and the bill Validator that fits in the same “envelope” with an existing Bill Validator with Stacker. 
     A method and construction is shown where higher bill security is provided when the power is off. 
     A method and construction is shown where higher bill security is provided when humidity and icing occur in and around the inlet.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims priority from U.S. provisional application 61/050,079 filed May 2, 2008, and that application incorporates by reference PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2007/022476 filed Oct. 22, 2007, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/862,346, filed Oct. 20, 2006, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     A bill receiving and payout device used for a vending machine or a money exchanger consists generally of a bill discrimination device for discriminating whether a deposited bill is a true bill or a false one including the denomination thereof and a bill receiving device for receiving a bill which has been accepted as a true bill by the bill discrimination device. Known in the art are various bill receiving devices. 
     A bill receiving device capable of paying out a once received bill per se is known. Also known is a bill receiving device capable of stacking bills of two different denominations separately. 
     Our patent application “Method of Receiving and Payout Bills” USA Application #60/862,346 describes a bill receiving device for storing bills into a stacker or into a dispenser stacker also know as a bill hopper. Bills form the bill hopper could be dispensed to the customer using the same inlet as the one used to accept the bill. 
     Other bill payout disclosures include the following list of U.S. Patent Numbers: 
     U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,205,481; 5,209,335; 5,209,395; 5,495,929; 5,564,545; 5,653,436; 5,657,846; 5,715,923; 5,730,271; 5,730,271; 5,803,227; 5,836,510; 5,887,695; 5,907,141; 5,964,462; 6,019,208; 6,047,886; 6,057,683; 6,105,747; 6,142,284; 6,149,150; 6,163,034; 6,164,642; 6,186,339; 6,229,317; 6,241,240; 6,289,261; 6,293,867; 6,296,242; 6,332,099; 6,371,473; 6,379,246; 6,567,722; 6,598,788; 6,619,461; 6,651,796; 6,712,352; 6,722,781; 6,742,644; 6,742,645; 6,745,887; 6,827,235; 6,860,480; 6,889,849; 6,889,850; 6,907,977; 6,957,732; 6,959,859; 7,100,913, U.S. Patent Publications 2004/0012142; 2004/0050651; 2004/0129529; 2004/0130318; 2004/0206601; 2004/0249501; 2005/0284728 and, Foreign Patent Number WO 0243013. 
     Vandalism has long been a problem for vending machines equipped with a Bill Validator. Sometimes thieves may pry open the vending machine bottom of the door to gain access to a change box. Similarly, thieves may pry open the top of the door to gain access to bills in a dollar bill Validator. 
     More recently vandals attack the bill Validator directly through its inlet “phishing” the bills from the stackers especially when the Vending Machine A.C. power is OFF and so any alarms are eliminated. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a bill receiving device capable of dividing bills into two kinds, and separately storing the divided bills and paying out at least one specific denomination using a very simple and compact construction. 
     For achieving the above described object, the bill receiving device according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a bill passage in about the central portion of an elongate casing that extends in a first direction along one side of a first bill receiving chamber having a bill payback outlet, and redirected around and extending in an opposite second direction along the second side of said first bill receiving chamber, provides a second bill receiving chamber extending along the outer side of the said passage second direction and across from and aligned with the said first bill receiving chamber, provides a bill conveying apparatus for conveying a bill delivered to said bill passage first or second directions to a predetermined position for receiving it, utilizes a bill pushing member for moving in a reciprocating motion across said passage first direction to said first bill receiving chamber when the bill is located at a predetermined position in said passage first direction to be received, effects receiving of the bill when pushing it with a surface of said bill pushing member across from said passage first direction, receives a bill in said second bill receiving chamber that is in a predetermined position in said passage second direction by pushing it with an extendable surface from said first bill receiving chamber by activating the said bill pushing member across from said passage first direction, and, activates a bill conveying member for moving the rearmost bill from said first bill receiving chamber through its said bill payback outlet to the said bill conveying apparatus operated in reverse to direct the said rearmost bill for paying back to the customer. 
     It is a further object of this invention to provide very reliable method for extracting a bill for payout by extraction, and determination of extraction of the rearmost bill out from a bill stack using an upper edge retainer/deflector and a rubber cam roller operating in a first direction, and then in a second direction. 
     There is another object of this invention to provide a bill receiving device capable to better protect the content of the two stacker boxes. 
     It is a further object of this invention to provide an improved method of protecting the bills in the stackers against thieves even when the power to the unit is off. 
     It is a further object of this invention to provide a higher security for bills while maintaining high bill acceptability rates even in hard weather conditions when humidity or icing occurs in the inlet. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       In the accompanying drawings, 
         FIG. 1  is a simplified drawing of a sectional side view showing an embodiment of the bill receiving and payout device of the invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a sectional side view of the preferred embodiment showing the two bill receiving chambers and their associated pushing plates in their repose positions; 
         FIG. 3  is a sectional side view showing the two bill receiving chambers and their associated pushing plates in the extended positions; 
         FIG. 4  is a sectional side view of the first bill receiving chamber when its rearmost bill is in its first state of payout; 
         FIG. 5  is a sectional side view of the first bill receiving chamber when its rearmost bill is in its second state of payout; and 
         FIG. 6  is a sectional side view of the first bill receiving chamber when its rearmost bill is in its third state of payout. 
         FIG. 7  is sectional side view of the preferred embodiment of the invention showing the three module portions unattached to show simplicity of convertibility. 
         FIG. 8  is an isometric view of the lower section of the Validator inlet. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     A simplified sectional side view drawing of the bill receiving and payout device  20  is shown in  FIG. 1  having a bill validation passage  22  with its associated sensors and circuitry placed the general location  24  for the validation of inserted bills. Within the elongate portion  26  of the device  20 , a validated bill is directed upward in a passage first direction  28  along the one side of a first bill receiving chamber  30  having a bill payback outlet  32 . The passage first direction  28  is redirected around at path  34  and extends in the opposite passage second direction  36  along the rear side of the first bill receiving chamber  30 . The second bill receiving chamber  38  extends along the outer side of the passage second direction  36  across from, and aligned with the first bill receiving chamber  30 . The bill conveying apparatus for conveying a bill to the passage first or second directions  28  or  36  is accomplished by belts (not shown) moved along the passageways by pulleys  40  through  60  which support the left portion of the bills. A corresponding set of pulleys and belts (not shown and directly behind) are located to support the right portion of the said bills. The space between the left and right belt supported edges is sufficient to transfer bills out from the bill passage way  28  or  36  and into the first or second bill receiving chamber  30  or  38 , respectively. A bill pushing member  62  (slightly less in width than the space between the bill supported edges in the passages) moves in a reciprocating motion across the passage first direction  28  to place a bill in the first bill receiving chamber  30  when the bill is positioned in front of the bill pushing member  62 , and is controlled by the scissor mechanism  64  and driven by the motor/gear reciprocating device (not shown) in location  66 . A bill is pushed in the second bill receiving chamber  38  when it is in a predetermined position in the passage second direction  36  by the bill pushing member  70  located at the rear of the first bill receiving chamber  30 . The bill pushing member  70  is moved by the bill pushing member  62  pushing the stacked bills of the first bill receiving chamber  30  with its projection  72  pushing the scissor mechanism  74 . This moves the pushing member  70  (which is slightly less in width than the unsupported central portion of the bill) to move the bill from the passage  36  and into the second receiving chamber  38 . 
     Typically only the lowest denomination bills are stacked in the first receiving chamber  30  for bill payback. This is provided by removing a rearmost stacked bill  96  (shown in  FIG. 4  in more detail) from the first bill receiving chamber  30  by moving it through the bill payback outlet  32  via the path  78  to the passages  34 ,  28  and the bill validation passage  22  by operating the bill conveying apparatus in the reverse direction to convey the bill out to the bill inlet  80  for customer payback. 
     The driving rollers  82  and  84  are geared together with the conveying apparatus of first and second passages  28  and  36  by pulley  40  to convey the bill while in the validation passage  22 . The idler rollers  86  and  88  maintain a bill&#39;s contact with the driven pulley  82  when being moved between the passages  28  and  22 . Idler roller  85  maintains a bill&#39;s contact with driving roller  84 . 
     The cross sectional left side view of the preferred embodiment in  FIG. 2  shows further details of the bill inlet  80 , the conveying belt  90  with its pulleys  40  and  42 , and pressure rollers  92  and  94 . The conveyer belt  90  is directed around the pulleys and rollers  40 ,  42 ,  92 ,  94 , to convey the bill along the passage first direction  28 . The second conveyor belt  91  is positioned for the redirected passage  34  and the opposite passage second direction  36  controlled by pulleys and rollers  44  through  60 . The pulleys  82  and  84  with pressure rollers  86  and  88  are geared with the driven pulley  40  to transport the bill between the bill inlet  80  (outlet) at the validation passage  22  and passage first direction  28 . The belts, pulleys and rollers for conveying the bill&#39;s right edge is directly behind the ones shown herein for the left side. The bill pushing member  62  connected to the scissor mechanism  64  (shown in repose position) is driven by the motor/gear reciprocating device in location  66  to transfer a bill from the passage first direction  28  to the first bill receiving chamber  30 . The press plate  95  is provided for pushing bills received in the bill receiving chamber  30  inwardly by the force of spring  97 . 
     In  FIG. 3  the scissor mechanism  64  is shown in the extended position moving its bill pushing member  62  to transfer a bill  96  into the first bill receiving chamber  30  which also pushes the spring loaded press plate  95  with its projection  72  to operate the scissor mechanism  74  at the rear of the receiving chamber  30 . This moves the pushing member  70  and will transfer a bill when it is conveyed to the passage  36  for transferring into the second receiving chamber  38 . The rollers  98 ,  100  and  102  will extract the rearmost bill  96  to the path  78  as will be detailed next. 
       FIG. 4  is a cross sectional left side view just past the left conveying belts showing the bill rollers for paying out bills from the first bill receiving chamber  30 . The separation cam roller  98  is geared with driving rollers  100  and  102  and geared with the payout motor located at the location  108 . During the first step for bill payback, the bill stack  104  is pushed against the upper bill retainer  106  by the pusher plate  62  (shown in  FIG. 3 ) and places the rearmost bill  96  in close relationship to the separation cam roller  98  which has a contact surface which consists of a material of a large coefficient of friction such as rubber. 
     In  FIG. 5  the second step for bill payback occurs with the separation cam roller  98  rotating clockwise (together with rollers  100  and  102 ) to engage and retract the upper portion of the rearmost bill  96  from between the bill stack  104  and the upper bill retainer  106  until it extends around and below it to break a light beam coming from the emitting surface  109  and entering the sensor surface  110 . This guarantees that the bill  96  edge  97  has been removed from between the upper bill retainer  106  and the bill stack  104 . 
     In  FIG. 6  the third step for bill back starts by rotating the separation cam roller  98  in the counterclockwise direction which moves the released upper edge of the bill  96  upward to enter between the roller  100  and its idler roller  112 . The upper bill retainer  106  serves to guide the upper edge of the extracted bill  96  that then continues upwards to the drive roller  102  and its idler roller  114 , and outwards through the passages  78 ,  34 ,  28  and into the validation passage  22  (shown in  FIG. 2 ). The diverter gate  116  moves to open the path to the passage way  34  during payback by friction from the driving roller  102 , and close it during the time that the bills are being directed to the bill receiving chamber  38  (shown in  FIG. 3 ). The conveying belts are operated in the reverse direction during the three steps of bill payback until the bill  96  extends out from the bill entrance  80  ( FIG. 2 ) sufficiently to be received by the customer yet retained to prevent accidental discharge. 
       FIG. 7  is a side view showing the modularity feature of the preferred embodiment with its center module  118  having the first bill receiving chamber  30 , with the payback and conveying provisions. The bill validation and stacking module  120  consists of the bill entry  80 , microprocessor, primary stacker plate  62 , conveyor assembly, interconnection fingers  121  and other associated components. The left module  122  is the bill receiving chamber  38  with its spring biased bill plate and has simple means to be attached to the center module  118  attachment fingers  119 . This feature provides for the conversion of the bill validator with bill payback to one without, by simply disconnecting the center module  118 , and connecting only a bill receiving module like the left module  122 . The right and left surfaces  124  and  126  of the center module  118  are at the passage first direction  28  along the one side of a first bill receiving chamber  30  having a bill payback outlet  32 , and the opposite passage second direction  36  along the rear side of the first bill receiving chamber  30 . When the center module  118  is not used, and the bill receiving module  38  is attached to the bill receiving and validation module  120 , only the passage first direction  28  is reinstated with the primary stacker plate  62  stacking the bills directly into the bill receiving module  38 . In this instance the bill receiving module may be of a larger expandable type. 
     Conversion from validating and stacking of bills only, to include the bill payback provision of module  118 , is likewise made very easily. 
     Implementing Security Features: 
     The following describes a defense mechanism to deter theft due to fishing a bill Validator when power is removed from the unit. 
     The theft scenario could be described as follows. A customer modifies a valid bill with a loop made of material that is difficult to detect by the bill Validator and does not prevent validation of the bill. This bill is inserted and accepted by the bill Validator and the customer receives credit for the bill and ultimately change or product from the vending machine. The customer then removes power from the machine by pulling the AC power cord. While the machine and thus the unit are un-powered, the customer inserts a “hook” tool in the inlet, up to the cash box and hooks the loop on the previously inserted bill. This allows the customer to pull the bill out of the cash box and the bill inlet. 
     The operation for this improved level security is that while the unit is “idle”, the primary stacker plate  62  is moved into a position that blocks the path to the cash box used to insert the hook tool but still allows the cash box to be removed while in this position. This prevents the customer from “fishing” an un-powered unit. 
     A Proffered Embodiment: 
       FIG. 8  is an isometric view of the lower section of the Validator inlet in the preferred embodiment of the invention showing the skew sensors  1 , validation and position sensors  2 , cross channel sensors  3 , position rear clear sensors  4 . 
     After receives power the Validator conducts a “power on” self test (POST) that cycles the primary stacker plate  62  to verify proper operation. This cycle returns the plate to the “home” position. The home position is defined as the position of the plate which allows a bill to transport through the unit without obstruction. In this position the plate is fully retracted into main housing  66 . 
     Once POST has been completed, the primary stacker plate  62  will be moved forward a predetermined number of tachometer steps. The number of steps will be chosen with the assumption that the path  26  to the cash box is blocked and the cash box is capable of being removed. Because there is no sensor that allows the software to accurately locate this “blocking” position, the resting position of the plate for blocking purposes will vary depending on the unit and environmental conditions. 
     Under normal operations if the unit detects either of the skew sensors are broken it starts transporting the bill for data collection which places a significant amount of the bill is in the cash box. At the same time the primary stacker plate  62  will have to be retracted before the bill moves to the data collection process. 
     The primary stacker plate  62  remains retracted until the bill is returned or stacked. If the bill is returned, the primary stacker plate  62  will be placed in the blocking position by moving it forward the predetermined number of tachometer steps. If the bill is stacked, the primary stacker plate  62  is returned to home and then moved to the blocking position. 
     The following describes an improvement to the cross channel sensor used to protect the unit against bills with an attached string. 
     A Bill Validator device capable of detecting the presence of a string or other object attached to a bill with the intention of extracting the bill after it passes the bill Validator validation sensors and credit was given is known from the U.S. Pat. No. 6,441,891. The Bill Validator comprises a bill passageway having a first side and a second side, a light source positioned at the first side, the light source for emitting light across the passageway, a reflecting surface positioned at the second side, and a detector device positioned at the first side, the detector device for receiving light reflected from the reflecting surface. 
     The light source apparatus, the reflective surface and the detector portion, being so positioned relative to one another that a bill traveling through the passageway will obstruct the passage of light across the passageway and a trailing foreign object attached to the bill will obstruct at least some portion of the light being laterally transmitted and reflected across the passageway, whereby the continuing obstruction of at least a portion of the light after the bill has moved past said system is indicative of the presence of a trailing foreign object connected to a bill. 
     The cross channel sensor is susceptible to being blocked by water droplets condensing on the inlet housings of the Validator. In other conditions fine icing could occur and have a similar effect. This condensation causes a false position where the Validator reacts as thought it is being cheated and enters a defense state. In this state the primary stacker plate  62  is positioned in the cash box blocking the bill path. After a waiting period expires the primary stacker plate  62  is retracted and normal operation resumes. However, if the condensation still blocks the cross channel sensor the unit will immediately re-enter the defense state. The condensation literally places the unit out of service. The present method uses the dollar bill presented at the inlet to wick or displace the condensation in an attempt to put the unit back in service. The bill would be transported and moved back and forth in the unit. 
     Here is a Proffered Embodiment: 
       FIG. 8  is an isometric view of the lower section of the Validator inlet in the preferred embodiment of the invention showing the skew sensors  1 , validation and position sensors  2 , cross channel sensors  3 , position rear clear sensors  4 . 
     When the Validator is in the defense state and the primary stacker plate  62  is positioned in the stacker box, it will continue to monitor all the sensors that detect the bill position (skew sensors  1 , locations sensors  4 ) and optical characteristics (validation sensors  2 ). The inlet LEDs will remain in operation such that the inlet is illuminated giving the appearance that the unit is enabled. When the skew sensors  1  are broken and the validation sensors  2  are unblocked, the Validator will start to transport the dollar bill forward into the unit. When the leading edge of the bill breaks the bill position sensors  2  the bill will be moved a predetermined number of tachometer steps then stopped. This number will place the leading edge of the bill past the cross channel sensor but not to the rear clear sensor. 
     The bill is then moved in reverse until the leading edge of the bill clears the position sensors  2 . 
     This forward then backwards movement is repeated two more times for a total of six passes past the cross path sensor area. The bill is then returned. If after the bill is returned all the position sensors (skews  1 , cross path  3 , position  2  and rear clear  4 ) are un-broken, the plate is retracted and the unit resumes normal operation. 
     The forgoing description of the preferred embodiment of the invention has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. It is intended that the scope of the invention be limited not by the details of the embodiments presented in this description. The above specification, examples provide a complete description of the manufacture and use of the invention. Many embodiments of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.