Abstract:
Magnetic-field-augmented beds ( 10, 246, 258, 366, 406, 408, 424, 426 ), mattresses ( 330, 352 ), seating furniture ( 488 ), desks ( 542, 574 ), carrells ( 278 ), railings ( 514 ) rooms ( 168, 202, 216 A,  216 B), and buildings ( 156, 164, 192, 230, 472 ) include magnetic-field augmenters ( 14, 36, 46, 56, 120, 154, 162, 172, 198, 210, 224 A,  224 B,  234, 250, 262, 282, 304, 334, 360, 380, 386, 412, 430, 466, 476, 492, 524, 550 ) that, when connected to a source ( 70 ) of electrical power, provide a healthful magnetic field for entire bodies of human beings or other living things in living spaces ( 31, 182, 300, 507, 531, 549, 591 ). In another embodiment, a magnetic-field augmenter ( 444 ) is hung on a wall ( 446 ), and in another embodiment, a magnetic-field augmenter ( 456 ) is arranged on a floor ( 458 ) around seating furniture ( 462 ). Included among the various types of magnetic-field augmenters are bundled augmenter coils ( 390, 414, 430, 444, 476, 492 ), two-axis augmenters ( 492, 550 ), open-sided augmenters ( 524, 550 ), and two-axis open-sided augmenters ( 550 ). A protective device ( 594 ) protects against loose connections and shorts.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/135,062, filed May 20, 1999, U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/126,869, filed, Mar. 30, 1999, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/090,842, filed Jun. 26, 1998. 
    
    
     STATEMENT RE FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
     Not Applicable 
     REFERENCE TO A “MICROFICHE INDEX” 
     Not Applicable 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates generally to magnetic fields. More particularly, the present invention relates to apparatus and method for augmenting the earth&#39;s magnetic field in living spaces for work, sleep, and/or play, for general enhancement of health and medical therapy, and for long-term whole-body magnetic therapy. 
     2. Background Art 
     The importance of D.C. magnetic fields to all living cells is well known. In addition, there is an abundance of medical literature that convincingly proves the therapeutic value of D.C. magnetic fields to heal bones and to relieve muscle soreness. 
     Permanent magnets have been used singularly as shoe insoles, they have been used as bracelets and necklaces, and large numbers of magnets have been distributed over large areas to provide magnetic blankets. While the use of magnets as bracelets and necklaces would seem to be folklore, there is abundant evidence that D.C. magnetic fields do accelerate bone healing. 
     Included in the many patents on magnetic-field therapy, commonly referred to as biomagnetics, is Markoll, U.S. Pat. No. 5,665,049, issued Sep. 9, 1997. Although the use of permanent magnets applied to the body has been proven to promote bone healing, a question remains: what happens to cell communication at locations, adjacent to the permanent magnets, in which the magnetic force of the magnet cancels the beneficial effects of the earth&#39;s magnetic field. 
     Guay et. al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,226,185, issued Jul. 13, 1993, teaches the use of a plurality of magnetic strips that are disposed in longitudinal and parallel spaced-apart rows under a quilted top and a foam layer of a mattress. Even if each magnetic strip had only two poles, the result would be a sleeping surface with a relatively large number of poles. Therefore, it would appear that the user&#39;s body would be subject to magnetic fields that would, at various places in his body, cancel the earth&#39;s magnetic field and its beneficial effects. 
     Sakuma et al., in U.S. Pat. No. 5,807,233, issued Sep. 15, 1998, also teach applying permanent magnets to aching portions of a person&#39;s body. They report cases in which patients having arthritis and osteoarthritis found relief in magnetic therapy. 
     While the known temporary medical benefits of permanent magnet therapy for relief of muscle pain, accelerated bone healing, and relief of arthritis pain may outweigh any negative effects, subjecting a human body to a large number of magnetic-field deficient sites for a long period of time, as must be the situation with blankets that use a large number of permanent magnets, may be harmful. 
     QRS America offers a pad upon which a person may lie, and be subjected to magnetic-field therapy that is defined as, “quantron resonance therapy using pulsed magnetic fields operating at a range of frequencies.” More information is available from QRS America, 2321 Sandlewood Drive, Venice, Fla. 34293. 
     There is considerable evidence that A.C. magnetic fields, particularly in the 50 and 60 Hertz frequencies generally used in homes and industry, hamper proper cell communication. Convincing evidence is available on the Internet from EMF-Link of Information Ventures, Inc., 425 South 15th Street, Suite 700, Philadelphia, Pa. 19102, regarding the harmful effects of A.C. magnetic fields. 
     Dr. Neil Cherry, a New Zealand researcher, states that tests on breast cancer cells prove that A.C. magnetic fields in the range of 2.0 to 12.0 milligauss cancel the oncostatic effect of melatonin. 
     Alternating-current magnetic fields have also been connected with an increase of almost four times in Alzheimer&#39;s disease among workers who use industrial sewing machines, as reported by E. Sobel and his associates in two articles published in Neurology magazine. 
     In contrast, as reported in the Online Edition of the Dallas/Ft. Worth Heritage, May, 1998, Volume 6, Number 11, tests conducted by the Creation Evidences Museum in Glen Rose, Tex., in an environment free from A.C. magnetic fields and their debilitating effects and also exposed to a D.C. magnetic field of 5.0 gauss, resulted in extending the life of fruit flies. It is believed that the researcher was Dr. Carl E. Baugh, director of the museum. 
     While much work has been done with regard to magnetic-field healing, very little has been done to overcome the harmful effects of A.C. magnetic fields, and thereby to provide a more healthful environment. However, Litovitz et al., in U.S. Pat. No. 5,544,665, issued Aug. 13, 1996, seeks to overcome the harmful effects of A.C. magnetic fields by superimposing a pulsating D.C. field onto A.C. magnetic fields. 
     It is well-known that the earth&#39;s magnetic field is decreasing, and that it is decreasing exponentially, as a function of “e” to a negative exponent that consists of a time multiplied by a constant. 
     Therefore, it is logical to assume that the earth&#39;s magnetic field is now of a lower magnitude than that which would provide optimum health. Further, the magnitude of the earth&#39;s magnetic field varies regionally, and so it is even further reduced from a healthful optimum in some geographical areas. 
     Knowing that the earth&#39;s magnetic field is essential to cell communications, knowing that this beneficial field has decreased from an earlier optimum-health magnitude, knowing that the magnitude of the earth&#39;s magnetic field is even lower in some geographical areas, and believing that A.C. magnetic fields are harmful, which seems to be well proven, it is hypothesized herein that one way to overcome, or at least minimize, the harmful effects of A.C. magnetic fields is to augment, or supplement, the earth&#39;s D.C. magnetic fields in living spaces used for such activities as work, recreation, and sleep. 
     That is, if a certain magnitude of a D.C. magnetic field is necessary for healthful cell communications, then when an A.C. magnetic field happens to be oriented substantially in line with the earth&#39;s magnetic poles, then the summed A.C. and D.C. fields may produce a fluctuating D.C. field in which the minimum magnitude may not be sufficient for healthful cell communication. 
     Unfortunately, researchers into the deleterious effects of A.C. magnetic fields may not have considered either the three-axis relationship of A.C. magnetic fields to the earth&#39;s magnetic field or regional differences in magnitude of the earth&#39;s magnetic field. Hopefully, future researchers will consider not only the three-axis relationship of A.C. fields to the earth&#39;s magnetic poles, but also regional variations of the earth&#39;s magnetic field. 
     Knowing that increased levels of D.C. magnetic fields are beneficial, providing a D.C. magnetic field at any three-axis orientation that adds to the earth&#39;s magnetic field should be beneficial to health. That is, the trigonometrically-summed D.C. field will be of greater magnitude than the earth&#39;s magnetic field, alone. 
     Therefore, when human or animal life is subjected to A.C. magnetic fields, and these A.C. magnetic fields are trigonometrically-summed with the trigonometrically-summed magnitude of the earth&#39;s magnetic field and an augmenting D.C. magnetic field, the minimum D.C. magnetic field will be of sufficient strength to provide for healthful cell communications. 
     Whether augmenting the earth&#39;s magnetic field with an other D.C. magnetic field will obviate the detrimental effect of A.C. magnetic fields on the action of Melatonin is yet to be proven. However, based on the beneficial effects of higher magnetic fields on fruit flies in a controlled environment, as mentioned above, it appears certain that the magnetic field augmenters of the present invention will provide a more healthful environment, even it they do not overcome all of the detrimental effects of A.C. magnetic fields. 
     Therefore, if the entire body of a person, or the entire bodies of a group of people, animals, and/or plants are totally immersed for extended periods, preferably for a number of hours each day, in a D.C. magnetic field provided by one of the magnetic-field augmenters of the present invention, the health benefits should be substantial and much greater than scanning the body with a D.C. magnetic field as taught by Lu et al. in U.S. Pat. No. 5,226,185. 
     Since healthful cell communications are critical in life processes, it may be that magnetic-field-augmented living spaces will help prevent some cancers, although this is yet to be proven. However, the use of food additives, hormones in animal growth, insecticides, pesticides, and other chemicals make it seem extremely unlikely that an augmented magnetic field will prevent all cancers. 
     On the other hand, it may be that living spaces with higher-gauss augmentation may help cure some cancers. It should be understood that, as defined herein, if a patient is living in a hospital bed, and an augmented magnetic field is supplied above his mattress, he is living in a magnetic-field-augmented living space. 
     Furthermore, just as it has become common medical procedure to provide supplementary oxygen to seriously-ill patients, there may come a day when it is equally common to provide relatively long-term, and whole-body, magnetic therapy as taught herein, either separately, or together with supplementary oxygen. 
     In summary, in the present invention, various magnetic-field-augmented apparatus and various magnetic-field augmenters are taught herein wherein an entire human body, or that of any other living thing, may be subjected to an augmented magnetic field of as low as 1.0 gauss for a number of hours each day for maintenance of health, or to a considerably higher level of D.C. magnetic fields for days at a time for treatment of disease. 
     Although a major thrust of the present invention is augmenting the earth&#39;s D.C. magnetic field, when the present invention is practiced for therapy, and the body is exposed to higher gauss levels, the present invention is characterized as providing living spaces for wholebody immersion into a magnetic field, whether or not the earth&#39;s magnetic field is excluded, and whether or not supplementary oxygen is included in therapy. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Apparatus and method are provided for immersing a living thing in its entirety, whether it be an entire human body, an entire body of an animal, an entire plant, or any other living thing in its entirety, into a living space with a healthful magnetic field that augments the earth&#39;s magnetic field, for extended periods of time such as during working hours, recreation, sleep, and/or living-space application of whole-body magnetic therapy. 
     Each type of magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, as taught herein, includes a magnetic-field augmenter. When a magnetic-field augmenter is combined with a structure, the combination becomes a magnetic-field-augmented apparatus. 
     Preferably, a D.C. magnetic field, whose time-weighted average exceeds 1.0 gauss, is used for this healthful field, whether constant or varying. However, apparatus taught herein may be used with any magnetic field that may, in the future, be proved to be healthful, including pulsating D.C., A.C. or a combination of D.C. and A.C., to practice the present invention. 
     The present invention may be used to produce higher magnitudes of magnetic flux in living spaces, or therapy spaces, for immersion of a living thing in its entirety for extended periods of time, such as hours, days, or weeks for intensive magnetic therapy of patients who are seriously or critically ill. 
     A magnetic-field-augmented living space (MFA livingspace), as defined herein, is any place in which an area is magnetic-field augmented to a height that will envelope a human, an animal, an other living thing, or a number of living things, in which a human, an animal, or an other living thing normally resides for a period of time for a purpose other than magnetic-field augmentation or therapy, and in which normal use of the living space by the human, animal, or other living thing continues a normal activity during times when the earth&#39;s magnetic field is augmented in the living space. 
     As taught herein, magnetic-field-augmented living spaces may include entire floor areas, or partial floor areas of houses, buildings, factories, rooms in houses, hospital or nursing home rooms, offices, barns, animal trailers, animal housing, animal retaining areas, hatcheries, incubators, greenhouses, and any other structure that may be used for a living space for any living thing. 
     Further, magnetic-field augmented spaces may include work carrells, TV carrells, carrells for hospital and nursing-home patients, and any other space in which a healthful magnetic field is added, in which the primary use for the living space is other than exposure to a healthful magnetic field, and in which the primary use for the living space is continued during exposure to healthful magnetic fields. In addition, magnetic-field-augmented living spaces may be disposed above sleeping areas of beds in homes, nursing homes, and hospitals. 
     A magnetic-field therapy space (MF therapy space), as opposed to a magnetic-field-augmented living space, as defined herein, is a place in which a patient is placed, or places himself, especially, if not exclusively, for magnetic therapy. 
     A house that is advertised as air-conditioned may not yet be connected to a source of electrical power; even so, a magnetic-field-augmented apparatus as defined herein does not include a source of electrical power. 
     Each type of magnetic-field-augmented apparatus includes a magnetic-field augmenter. For instance, a magnetic-field-augmented house includes a magnetic-field augmenter; and a magnetic-field-augmented bed includes a magnetic-field augmenter. 
     A magnetic-field augmenter may consist of a multi-turn augmenter coil that is disposed in a particular place for the purpose of augmenting the earth&#39;s magnetic field. Or, a magnetic-field augmenter may include some structure in addition to a multi-turn augmenter coil. 
     For instance, a magnetic-field augmenter for a bed may be made by winding multiple-turns of wire around grooves in a bed structure. In this case, the magnetic-field augmenter consists of a multi-turn augmenter coil that is disposed around a bed to provide a particular function. 
     Alternately, a magnetic-field augmenter for a bed may include a multi-turn augmenter coil, some kind of structure for retaining the turns of the multi-turn augmenter coil, and some kind of structure, such as straps, for positioning he multi-turn augmenter coil with respect to a sleeping area. 
     In preferred embodiments, magnetic-field augmenters of the present invention provide an augmenting D.C. magnetic field and comprise a multi-turn augmenter coil that surrounds, or partially surrounds, a living space, or that surrounds, or partially surrounds, an area projected from a living space. 
     For instance, if a magnetic-field augmenter is disposed around a perimeter of a mattress, then it surrounds an area that is projected downward from a sleeping area of the mattress, and the living space is disposed above the sleeping area. Further, in magnetic-augmenters for work carrells or TV carrells, if only three walls are used, and one side is left open, then the magnetic-field augmenter partially surrounds the magnetic-field augmented living space. 
     Preferably, multiple-turn coils are made of round wire or flat strips of conductive material such as aluminum or copper. The turns may be closely juxtaposed, spaced apart, or bundled, as taught herein. 
     When flat strips are used, the strip material may be as narrow as an inch, or less, and as wide as 25.5 cm. (10 inches), and the thickness of the strips may be no more than 0.25 mm. (0.01 inches) or as much as 3.18 mm. (0.125 inches). Turns may be spaced apart as much as 25.4 mm. (1.0 inches). Voltages applied to the coils may be as low as 2.0 volts or as large as is obtainable by rectifying A.C. house voltages. 
     In a first aspect of the present invention, a method for providing a magnetic-field-augmented living space comprises: providing a living space having a length, a width, and a height; and supplementing earth&#39;s magnetic field in the living space with an other healthful magnetic field. 
     In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for healthful living comprises: disposing one&#39;s entire body into a living space having a length, a width, and a height; supplementing earth&#39;s magnetic field in the living space with an other healthful magnetic field; and performing a life activity in the living space during the supplementing step. 
     In a third aspect of the present invention, a method for supplementing earth&#39;s magnetic field as an integral part of normal sleep comprises: providing a bed having a mattress with a living space above a top surface, the living space having a length, a width, and a height that is sufficient to envelop a person lying on the mattress; and supplementing the earth&#39;s magnetic field in the living space with an other healthful magnetic field during at least a period of time wherein the bed is used for normal sleep. 
     In a fourth aspect of the present invention, a method for applying a supplementary magnetic field to a living thing comprises: providing a living space; disposing the living thing into the living space; retaining the living thing in the living space for a period of time that exceeds four hours; and supplementing earth&#39;s magnetic field in the living space with an other healthful magnetic field for a predetermined period of time. 
     In a fifth aspect of the present invention, a method for magnetic-field augmenting a living space of a bed, the bed having a mattress with four edges, and with the living space being disposed above a sleeping surface of the mattress, comprises: disposing an augmenter coil in a pattern that generally conforms to the edges; and supportingly positioning the augmenter coil with respect to the sleeping surface. 
     In a sixth aspect of the present invention, a method for providing a magnetic-field-augmented living space that is relocatable comprises: disposing a free-standing support around a portion of a perimeter of a selected living space; leaving an access opening between ends of the free-standing support; and disposing an augmenter coil along the free-standing support. 
     In a seventh aspect of the present invention, a method for magnetic-field augmenting a living space comprises: generating an augmenting magnetic field; generating a first portion of the augmenting magnetic field with poles that are disposed along a first axis; and generating a second portion of the augmenting magnetic field with poles that are disposed along a second axis that is orthogonal to the first axis. 
     A first object of the present invention is to provide apparatus and method for supplementing the earth&#39;s magnetic field in a living space for work, sleep, relaxation and/or play. 
     A second object of the present invention is to provide apparatus and method for increasing the beneficial effects of the earth&#39;s D.C. magnetic field for a living thing in a living space. 
     A third object of the present invention is to provide apparatus and method for overcoming the debilitating effects of A.C. magnetic fields by superimposing a D.C. magnetic field that can be applied to living spaces, such as work, sleep, rest, and recreational living spaces. 
     A fourth object of the present invention is to provide apparatus and method for providing healthful D.C. magnetic fields in a living space that so abundantly exceed unhealthy A.C. magnetic fields that eight hours in an augmented field will overcome the detrimental effects of A.C. magnetic fields during the remainder of a day that a person, an animal, or an other living thing may be outside the magnetic-field-augmented living area. 
     A fifth object of the present invention is to provide apparatus and method for use in providing entire-body-engulfing magnetic fields for use in intensive human and animal biomagnetic therapy. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a side elevation of magnetic-field-augmented bed with permanent-magnet augmenters disposed under the bed structure; 
     FIG. 2 a top view of electromagnet augmenters that optionally replace the permanent-magnet augmenters of FIG. 1, taken substantially as shown by view line  2 — 2 , with the augmenters being built in sections to facilitate shipment; 
     FIG. 3 is a top view of an electromagnetic augmenter, taken substantially the same as FIG. 2, which may be used with the bed structure of FIG. 1 to replace the magnetic-field augmenters of FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 4 is a top view of an electromagnetic augmenter, taken substantially the same as FIG. 2, which utilizes a serpentine magnetic core, and which may be used with the bed structure of FIG. 1 to replace the augmenters of FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a power supply that is applicable to any of the embodiments of the present invention that use electrical power to develop an augmenting magnetic field. 
     FIG. 6 is a cross section of a wire carrying a current that is flowing downward into the paper, showing a magnetic field that is developed thereby; 
     FIG. 7 is a cross section of a multi-turn augmenter coil with a longitudinal axis disposed below the cross-sectioned coils, and with current flowing downward into the paper, showing magnetic flux and magnetic poles developed thereby; 
     FIG. 8 is a cross section of a multi-turn augmenter coil formed from relatively wide and relatively thin strips, a longitudinal axis of the coil being disposed below the cross-sectioned coils, and current flowing downward into the paper, showing magnetic poles developed thereby; 
     FIG. 9 is a partial and perspective view of a magnetic-field augmenter in which non-pitched turns, consisting of strips of conductive metal, are connected in series by the use of jumpers, thereby forming a magnetic-field augmenter; 
     FIG. 10 is a partial plan view of an augmenter-coil wrap in which strips of conductive material are bonded to a non-conductive backing, which may be used to construct a magnetic-field augmenter for a bed, which may be used inside a room before application of sheetrock, or which may be used for wrap around a building, either under or over sheeting, for clarity showing the strips extending from ends of the non-conductive backing; 
     FIG. 11 is an enlarged partial view of the augmenter-coil wrap of FIG. 10 taken substantially as shown by view line  11 — 11  of FIG. 10; 
     FIG. 12 is cross-section of aluminum-strip sheeting attached to a portion of a stud of a building, thereby providing a magnetic-field-augmenter when interconnected as shown in FIG. 9, whether used on the outside of a building under plastic siding, or used inside a room under any suitable covering; 
     FIG. 13 is a cross-section of aluminum siding which may be used with sheeting, or used without sheeting and fastened directly to studs, as shown, and when interconnected as shown in FIG. 9, provides a magnetic-field augmenter; 
     FIG. 14 is a partial perspective view in which strips of conductive material are wallpapered inside a room of an existing building which, when connected as shown in FIG. 9, provides a magnetic-field augmenter; 
     FIG. 15 is a partial elevation showing a window and jumpering across a window opening to respective ones of the sheets of sheeting or siding of FIGS. 12 or  13 ; 
     FIG. 16 is a schematic top view of a magnetic-field-augmented building, showing a magnetic-field augmenter that is perimetrically disposed, as symbolized by a dash line; 
     FIG. 17 is a schematic top view of a room, showing a magnetic-field augmenter around an inside thereof and around an inside of a closet; 
     FIG. 18 is a schematic top view of adjacent rooms, with inside-wall surfaces separated by studs, showing a pair of adjacent and magnetic-field augmenters that are perimetrically disposed around respective ones of the rooms, as symbolized by dash lines; 
     FIG. 19 is an end view of a magnetic-field-augmented building in which a magnetic-field augmenter extends under the floor, up a side wall, across a ceiling, and down the other side wall; 
     FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a magnetic-field-augmented hospital bed with a magnetic-field-augmented structure surrounding a hospital bed, with a magnetic-field augmenter symbolized by dash lines, and mechanism to raise and lower the magnetic-field-augmented structure; 
     FIG. 21 is a side elevation of a magnetic-field-augmented bed with a magnetic-field augmenter that extends upwardly in a headboard, longitudinally along a canopy toward a footboard, downwardly in the footboard, and under a mattress; 
     FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a magnetic-field-augmented carrell which can be shaped to substantially enclose a work or sleep area, whose height is sufficient to provide a beneficial D.C. magnetic field for sitting or sleeping, and which can be moved through doors, showing coil jumpers as a dash line; 
     FIG. 23 is a perspective view of a portion of the magnetic-field-augmented carrell of FIG. 22 showing flexible-web hinges that provide both mechanical and electrical interconnection of panels. 
     FIG. 24 is a partial elevation, in cross-section, of a magnetic-field augmenter for a bed, made from an extruded strip with multiple conductors enclosed therein. 
     FIG. 25 is a partial top view of the magnetic-field augmenter FIG. 24, showing cross-tie strips that extend both longitudinally and transversely between a mattress and box springs to support the magnetic-field augmenter; 
     FIG. 26 is a partial elevation, in cross-section, of magnetic-field-augmented mattress, and mold for making same; 
     FIG. 27 is a partial elevation, in cross-section, of a magnetic-field-augmented air mattress; 
     FIG. 28 is a partial elevation, in cross-section, of a magnetic-field-augmented water bed, showing one side rail thereof; 
     FIG. 29 is a partial top view of the magnetic-field-augmented water bed of FIG. 28, showing one side rail and one end rail; 
     FIG. 30 is a partial elevation, in cross-section, of a magnetic-field augmenter for bed, and the magnetic-field augmenter includes a bundled-loop coil, showing use of the magnetic-field augmenter with a mattress and box spring; 
     FIG. 31 is a partial elevation, in cross-section of, a magnetic-field-augmented box spring in which the magnetic-field augmenter thereof is in the form of a bundled-loop coil; 
     FIG. 32 is a partial elevation, in cross-section, of a magnetic-field-augmented water bed in which the magnetic-field augmenters, which are in the form of a bundled-loop coil, are shown in alternate locations; 
     FIG. 33 is a partial perspective view of a wall with a magnetic-field augmenter, in the form of a bundled-loop coil, hanging on a wall and partially covered by drapery; 
     FIG. 34 is a partial perspective view of a room with a magnetic-field augmenter, in the form of a bundled-loop coil, being disposed on the floor, and with seating furniture being disposed inside an area circumscribed by the magnetic-field augmenter; 
     FIG. 35 is a pancake-looped augmenter coil for use in the embodiments of FIGS.  1  and/or  2 ; 
     FIG. 36 is a partial elevation of a magnetic-field-augmented building, showing a portion of a notched stud, a bundle-winding hook, two conductors of a bundle disposed on the hook, and a wooden cap strip; 
     FIG. 37 is an end elevation of magnetic-field-augmented seating furniture, showing bundled conductors that form a two-axis magnetic-field augmenter; 
     FIG. 38 is a perspective and symbolic view of a magnetic-field-augmenter for the magnetic-field-augmented seating of FIG. 37, illustrating construction of the two-axis magnetic-field-augmenter; 
     FIG. 39 is a perspective view of a magnetic-field-augmented carrell in the form of a free-standing railing, for providing a magnetic-field-augmented living space when placed behind, and partially around one of more pieces of seating furniture; 
     FIG. 40 is a schematic, in perspective form of a single-axis magnetic-field augmenter for use in a carrell, such as the carrell of FIG. 39, showing shielded return conductors in dash lines; 
     FIG. 41 is a perspective drawing of magnetic-field-augmented desk that includes the single-axis magnetic-field augmenter of FIG. 40, showing a general location of the U-shaped augmenter by means of heavier outlines of the desk top; 
     FIG. 42 is a schematic, in perspective form of a two-axis magnetic-field augmenter that may be used to construct various magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, such as a carrell similar to that of FIG. 39, showing shielded return conductors in dash lines; 
     FIG. 43 is a perspective drawing of a magnetic-field-augmented desk that includes the two-axis magnetic-field augmenter of FIG. 42, showing a general location of the two-axis augmenter by heavier outlines that enclose three sides of the desk top, and that extends downward on opposite sides of a user&#39;s legs; and 
     FIG. 44 is a schematic drawing of a protective device for shutting down a magnetic-field augmenter if a loose connection increases a resistance thereof, or if a short decreases the resistance thereof. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Referring now to FIG. 1, a magnetic-field-augmented bed, or magnetic-field augmented apparatus,  10  includes a bed, or bed structure, or furniture structure,  11 , a box spring  12 , a mattress  13 , and a plurality of magnetic-field augmenters  14 . The mattress  13  includes a head edge  15 , a foot edge  16 , and a pair of side edges  17  that depend downwardly from a top surface, or sleeping surface  18 , and that form a perimeter  19  around the mattress  13 . 
     Each of the magnetic-field augmenters  14  includes permanent magnets  20 A and  20 B and a magnetic flux guide  22  that is superimposed between, and juxtaposed against, the magnets  20 A and  20 B. Therefore, even though the magnets  20 A and  20 B generate opposite poles on ends  24 A and  24 B of the flux guide  22 , a resultant magnetic field  26  is produced approximately as shown. The magnetic-field augmenters  14  are designed to produce a magnetic field with a magnitude of 0.5 to 5.0 gauss along a magnetic flux line  28  that passes through a person, or body of a human,  30 . More particularly, the magnetic-field augmenters are designed to augment a living space  31  that extends upwardly for a height  32  from the top surface  18  that is sufficient to engulf a body of a human  30 . Obviously, the edges  15 ,  16 , and  17  define a length, not numbered, and a width, not numbered, of the living space  31 . 
     Preferably, the magnetic-field augmenters  14  are longitudinally-disposed, as shown, although transversely-disposed magnetic-field augmenters may be advantageous in some situations. 
     North poles  33  of the magnetic-field augmenters  14  are aligned to supplement the earth&#39;s magnetic field, at any three-axis relationship, but preferably not at an angle wherein the augmenter will cancel or replace the earth&#39;s magnetic field. For instance, if the augmenters  14  produced a magnetic field of 4.5 gauss that supplements the earth&#39;s magnetic field, the beneficial D.C. magnetic field would be increased by a factor of 10.0. 
     Referring now to FIG. 2, magnetic-field augmenters  36  may be substituted for the magnetic-field augmenters  14  in the magnetic-field-augmented bed  10  of FIG.  1 . 
     Each of the magnetic-field augmenters  36  includes a pair of electromagnets  38 A and  38 B and a magnetic flux guide  40  that is similar to the magnetic flux guide  22  of FIG. 1, except that the magnetic flux guide  40  is segmented into three parts  42 A,  42 B, and  42 C to facilitate shipment. Application of a D.C. voltage to the electromagnets  38 A and  38 B from a source, not shown, produces north and south poles, as shown. 
     The three parts,  42 A,  42 B, and  42 C are fixedly juxtaposed by any suitable means, not shown, not an inventive part of the present invention. Since the magnetic flux guide  40  is segmented into three parts, north and south poles are generated, as shown. 
     Referring now to FIG. 3, a magnetic-field augmenter  46  includes a plurality of parallel magnetic cores  48 , each being wound with a coil  50 , and all being enclosed between a pair of welded sheets  52  of plastic. Application of a D.C. voltage to the coils  50  from a source, not shown, produces north and south poles, as shown. The augmenter  46  may be rolled, boxed, and shipped within acceptable parcel size limits. 
     Referring now to FIG. 4, a magnetic-field augmenter  56  includes a serpentine magnetic core  58  of magnetic material. The serpentine magnetic core  58  includes a plurality of rod portions  60  and a plurality of curved connecting portions  62 . As shown, each of the rod portions  60  is wound with a coil  64 . 
     The coils  64  are wound onto a length of magnetic material, not shown, that is subsequently bent into the serpentine magnetic core  58 ; and the serpentine magnetic core  58 , complete with coils  64 , is welded between a pair of plastic sheets  66 . Application of a D.C. voltage to the coils  64  from a source, not shown, produces north and south poles, as shown, in the curved connecting portions  62 . 
     Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4, preferably, the magnetic-field augmenters,  46  and  56 , are relatively flexible so that they can be placed between the mattress  13  and the box spring  12  of FIG. 1, as well as being placed under a mattress of a water bed (not shown) or under the bed structure  11  of FIG.  1 . 
     The flux-guides  22  and  40 , and the cores  48  and  58 , may be made from material that is more economical than is needed for permanent magnets, and also more economical than is needed for electromagnets. That is, these applications do not require a material that will retain its magnetism for an extended length of time as do permanent magnets, nor do they require a material, such as soft iron, in which magnetic poles can be reversed rapidly without a high energy loss. 
     Referring now to FIG. 5, a power source, or source of electrical power,  70 , that may be used with any of the various magnetic-field augmenters and/or magnetic-field-augmented apparatus of the present invention, includes a timer  72  that is connected to A.C. input conductors  74 , a full-wave rectifier  76 , a filter  78 , and output conductors  80 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 6, a wire  84  is shown in cross section. If a current is flowing downward through the wire  84  into the paper, the current flow through the wire  84  develops magnetic flux in the direction shown by an arrow  86 . With the thumb of the right hand in the direction of current flow, the direction of the magnetic flux around the wire is in the direction of fingers of the right hand. 
     Referring now to FIG. 7, a multi-turn augmenter coil  90 , which may be used as an augmenter coil, is shown in cross section, and includes a plurality of turns  92  of wire  94  that are wound around an axis  96 . If current is flowing downwardly through the turns  92  of wire  94  into the paper, magnetic flux flows generally as shown by an arrow  98 , and develops north and south magnetic poles as shown, but some magnetic flux flows between coils, as shown by an arrow  100 . 
     With fingers of the right hand pointing in the direction of current flow through the turns  92  of wire  94 , the thumb points toward the north pole. 
     Referring now to FIG. 8, a magnetic-field augmenter, or multi-turn augmenter coil,  104  is shown in cross section, and includes a plurality of turns  106  of conductive strip  108  having a width  110  and a thickness  112 , that are wound around an axis  114  with an adjacent gap  116  between the turns  106 . North and south magnetic poles are generated, as shown. 
     Since magnetic-field augmenters, or multi-turn augmenter coils of the present invention may have a length of about 0.46 meters (18 inches) long to perhaps 5.2 meters (17 feet) long, rectangular material such as is shown in FIG. 9, may be useful for winding the magnetic-field augmenters. 
     It might be supposed that overlapping strip material, much as shingles of a house are overlapped, would decrease flux loss between coils. However, tests have determined that, for gauss densities of 5.0 gauss, or less, adjacent gaps  116  of FIG. 8 may be as much as 2.54 mm. (1.0 inches) without undue loss of magnetic flux between turns  92  of FIG. 7, or turns  106  of FIG. 8, whether round or flat conductors are used. 
     Therefore, use of rectangular strips does not necessarily provide a substantial advantage, unless the augmenter coil is very long. However, for surrounding a two-story house, an augmenter coil may have a length, which is the vertical dimension, of about 5.18 meters (17 feet). The strips  142  may be 5.08 cm. (2.0 inches) wide and 3.2 mm. (0.125 inches) thick, or they may be 22.9 to 25.4 cm (9 to 10 inches) wide and only 0.25 mm (0.10 inches) thick. However, as will be shown later, the augmenter coil length does not necessarily need to be equal to ceiling height of a room, standing height for individuals, or even sitting height. 
     Referring now to FIG. 9, a magnetic-field augmenter, or multi-turn augmenter coil,  120  includes a plurality of individual, rectangularly-shaped turns  122  made from conductive strips  108  with end gaps  124  that prevent individual turns  122  from shorting themselves. The strips  108  include widths  110  and thicknesses  112  as shown in FIG.  8 . Adjacent gaps  116  may be minimized or spread apart as previously discussed. 
     Preferably, an end  126 A of each individual turn  122  is connected to an end  126 B of an other individual turn  122  by means of a jumper  128 , thereby providing the magnetic-field augmenter  120  which is non-pitched. Optionally, all of the ends  126 A may be connected together, and all of the ends  126 B may be connected together, to form a low-voltage high-amperage augmenter, not shown. North and south poles are disposed along an axis  130 . 
     The strips  108  and may be as wide as 22.0 cm. (9 inches), or more, and adjacent gaps  116  may be small. However, round wire may be used, and whether round wire or strips are used, spacings between coils may be relatively large, as taught above. If the strips  108  are too rigid to be formed at corners  132 , or if an individual strip  108  is shorter than a side  134 , they may be electrically connected by any suitable means, such as the jumper  128 . 
     Referring now to FIGS. 10 and 11, augmenter coil wrap  140  includes a plurality of strips  142  of conductive material that are spaced apart, and bonded to a non-conductive backing  144 . The augmenter-coil wrap  140  can be used in place of plastic wrap that is often used over sheeting in building construction, it can be used under sheetrock, or it can be used for making smaller magnetic-field augmenter coils, as will be discussed subsequently. 
     Preferably, the strips  142  are of copper, thereby providing both good conductivity and excellent soldering qualities for interconnection of jumpers, such as the jumpers  128  of FIG.  9 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 12, sheeting strips  148  are rolled from aluminum sheet, or extruded from aluminum stock, preferably about 0.51 mm. (0.02 inches) thick. The sheeting strips  148  are disposed perimetrically around a building, or building structure  149  of FIG. 12, as shown in FIG.  16 . The sheeting strips  148  may be attached directly to studs  150  using screws  152 , or by any other suitable means, and may replace conventional sheeting. 
     When interconnected with jumpers  128 , as shown in FIG. 9, a magnetic-field augmenter, or multi-turn augmenter coil,  154  is formed around the building  149  of FIG. 12, as shown in FIG. 16, and the resultant apparatus is a magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or magnetic-field-augmented building  156 . 
     The natural color of the aluminum serves as reflective insulation. Plastic siding, not shown, or bricks, not shown, may be used over the sheeting strips  148 , not an inventive part of the present invention. 
     Referring now to FIG. 13, aluminum siding  158  functions as a coil strip, is preferably about 0.51 mm. (0.02 inches) thick, and is attached directly to the studs  150  using the screws  152 , or by any other suitable means, thereby obviating the cost of sheeting, not shown. Foam rubber strips  160  with self-stick surfaces provide stability and electrical spacing between adjacent pieces of the aluminum siding  158  as well as preventing access to insects. 
     When interconnected with jumpers  128 , as shown and described in conjunction with FIG. 9, or by any other suitable means, a magnetic-field augmenter, or multi-turn augmenter coil,  162  is provided that may extend around a building, or building structure,  163  of FIG. 13, such as is shown in FIG. 16, the resultant apparatus is a magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or magnetic-field-augmented building  164 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 14, magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or a magnetic-field-augmented room,  168  includes a room, or room structure,  170  and a magnetic-field augmenter, or multi-turn augmenter coil,  172 . The room  170  includes a floor  174  and interior wall surfaces  176 . Strips  178  of conductive material are wallpapered onto the interior wall surfaces  176 , and are continuous around corners, as shown in FIG. 9, except for one corner  180 , and except as will be discussed in conjunction with FIG.  15 . When the strips  178  are connected with jumpers  128 , as shown in FIG. 9, the magnetic-field augmenter  172  is formed, thereby providing the magnetic-field-augmented room  168 . 
     If the magnetic-field-augmented room  168  is to be used primarily for persons who will be sitting or sleeping, a magnetically-augmented living space  182  does not necessarily need to extend to a height  184  that is more than 1.5 meters (5.0 feet) above the floor  174 . And, since the magnetic-field-augmented living space  182  will extend both above and below the magnetic-field augmenter  172 , the magnetic-field augmenter does not need to be a long as the height  184 . 
     In like manner, a living space in any building does not necessarily need to extend up to a ceiling of the building, a magnetic-field augmenter thereof does not necessarily need to extend down to a floor, and the magnetic-field augmenter does not necessarily need to extend upwardly to a height of a magnetic-field-augmented living space. 
     However, if a magnetic-field augmenter extends around a room, a building, or another defined area, a magnetically-augmented living space includes both an area surrounded by the magnetic-field augmenter and a height that is sufficient to engulf the particular living thing placed therein. 
     Referring again to FIGS. 12,  13 , and  14 , as taught in conjunction with FIG. 9, the strips,  148  or  158 , may be connected to provide a low-voltage high-current augmenter, not shown. 
     Referring now to FIG. 15, jumpers  128 , one shown, interconnect respective ones of augmenter coil strips  186  that are spaced apart by a wall opening, or window,  188  in the constructions shown and described in conjunction with FIGS. 12-19 and  36 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 16, magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or a magnetic-field-augmented building,  192  includes a building, or a building structure,  194  with a structural perimeter  196 , and a magnetic-field augmenter, or multi-turn augmenter coil,  198 , as symbolized by dash lines. 
     The magnetic-field augmenter  198  of FIG. 16 is applied perimetrically, inside or outside of the studs  150  of FIGS. 12 and 13, by any suitable means, and interconnected as shown and described in conjunction with FIGS. 9 and 15, or by any suitable means. The magnetic-field augmenter  198  produces poles along an axis  200 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 17, magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or a magnetic-field-augmented room,  202  includes a room, or room structure  204 , having a closet  206  and closet doors  208 , includes a magnetic-field augmenter, or multi-turn augmenter coil,  210  that is depicted by a dash line. The magnetic-field augmenter  210  encloses both the room  204  and its closet  206 , as shown. The magnetic-field augmenter  210  may be constructed as shown and described in conjunction with FIGS. 9-15 or  36 , or by any other suitable means. The magnetic-field augmenter  210  produces north and south poles along an axis  212 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 18, magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or magnetic field augmented rooms  216 A and  216 B include rooms, or room structures,  218 A and  218 B, with wall surfaces,  220 A and  220 B, that are separated by a stud structure  222 . Each of the rooms,  218 A and  218 B, includes a magnetic-field augmenter, or multi-turn augmenter coil,  224 A and  224   b,  as indicated by a dash line on respective ones of the wall surfaces,  220 A and  220 B, and juxtaposed to opposite sides of the stud structure  222 . 
     Applying a potential to the magnetic-field augmenters,  224 A and  224 B generates magnetic fields with north and south poles that are oriented along axes  226 A and  226 B. With the same directions of current flow, the magnetic fields of both of the magnetic-field augmenters,  224 A and  224 B, complement each other. However, opposite polarities may be used. 
     Referring now to FIG. 19, magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or a magnetic-field-augmented building,  230  includes a building, or a building structure,  232 , magnetic-field augmenter, or multi-turn augmenter coil,  234 , which is symbolized by a dash line, and which extends under a floor  236 , up a wall  238 A, across a ceiling  240 , and down a wall  238 B. A magnetic field is produced whose poles are disposed along an axis  242 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 20, magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or a magnetic-field-augmented hospital bed,  246  includes a bed, or a bed structure,  248 , a magnetic-field augmenter  250  that is disposed perimetrically around the bed  248 , and a lifting mechanism  252  for raising and lowering the magnetic-field augmenter  250 . The magnetic-field augmenter  250  includes both a surround structure  253  and an augmenter coil,  254  that is disposed both horizontally and perimetrically in the surround structure  253 , as indicated by a dash line. 
     The magnetic-field augmenter  250 , and the surround structure  253  thereof, serves as a bed rail when raised, whether or not a voltage is applied to the augmenter coil  254 , and the lifting mechanism  252  lowers the surround structure  253  to provide easy entrance onto, and exit from, the bed  248 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 21, magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or a magnetic-field-augmented bed,  258  includes a canopy bed, or bed structure,  260  and a magnetic-field augmenter, or multi-turn augmenter coil,  262 , as shown by a dash line, that extends upwardly in a headboard  264  from a conductor, or terminal,  266 A, longitudinally through a canopy  268  toward a footboard  270 , downwardly in the footboard  270 , and under a mattress  272  via a bed structure  274  to a conductor, or terminal,  266 B. North and south poles are developed along an axis  276 . A magnetic-field augmented living area  277  is surrounded by the headboard  264 , the canopy  268 , the footboard  270 , and the mattress  272 . 
     Referring now to FIGS. 22 and 23, magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or a magnetic-field-augmented carrell,  278  includes a foldable carrell, or a carrell structure,  280  and a magnetic-field augmenter, or multi-turn augmenter coil,  282  that is symbolized by a dash line. The magnetic-field augmenter  282  may be constructed of material such as is shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, or by any other suitable means. 
     The carrell structure  280  includes foldably-hinged panels  284 A,  284 B,  284 C, and  284 D, as shown in FIG. 22. A portion of the magnetic-field augmenter  282  is disposed in each of the panels  284 A- 284 D, each panel  284 A- 284 D including a plurality of conductive strips,  286 , as shown in FIG.  23 . The foldable carrell  280  may be shaped to substantially enclose, except for an opening  287  between ends  288 A and  288 B, a work space or a sleep area, or any other area in which a beneficial magnetic field is desired. 
     The conductive strips  286  of adjacent panels,  284 A- 284 D, are interconnected by conductive web strips  289 , as shown in FIG.  23 . The conductive web strips  289  function as both electrical jumpers and flexible hinges. A bundled-conductor jumper  290  of FIG. 22, which may be located at an upper edge  292  or at a lower edge  294 , or both, provides connection of respective ones of the conductive strips  286  between respective ones of the panels  284 A- 284 D, thereby cooperating with the conductive web strips  289  to form the magnetic-field augmenter  282 . 
     Since a magnetic field will flow out of an opening, such as the opening  287 , and the resultant magnetic field inside the carrell  280  will lack somewhat in uniformity near the opening  287 , a wheel  296  that is pivotally attached to the panel  284 D provides means for closing the opening  287  if a more uniform magnetic field is desired. 
     The magnetic-field-augmented carrell  278  has a height  298  that preferably is short enough to be moved through doors, not shown, and the magnetic-field augmenter  282  is positioned in the height  298  such that a living space  300 , is sufficient to provide a beneficial D.C. magnetic field for sitting or sleeping. 
     Referring now to FIG. 24, a magnetic-field augmenter, or mattress augmenter,  304  for a bed, or bed structure,  305  includes a multi-turn augmenter coil  306  that is made from an extruded-plastic strip  308  that includes a plurality of spaced-apart wires  310  therein. Preferably the wires  310  are stranded and are insulated from each other by the plastic material of the extruded-plastic strip  308 . The wires  310  are connected into the multi-turn augmenter coil  306  by any suitable means, not an inventive part of the present invention. 
     A flange  312  includes notches  314 , one shown in FIG. 25, to facilitate bending at corners  316 . A plurality of longitudinally-disposed straps  318 , and a plurality of transversely-disposed straps  320 , one each shown in FIG. 25, extend across a mattress  322  and between the mattress  322  and a box spring  324  of FIG. 24, to support the magnetic-field augmenter  304 . 
     Finally, the mattress  322  of FIG. 24 includes four edges  325 , a top surface  326  that is disposed inwardly of the edges  325 , and a perimeter  327  that includes the edges  325 . And the extruded-plastic strip  308  includes an extruded hook  328  that facilitates anchoring fitted sheets, not shown. 
     Referring now to FIG. 26, magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or a magnetic-field-augmented mattress  330  includes a foam mattress, or a mattress structure,  332  with a magnetic-field augmenter, or multi-turn augmenter coil,  334  molded in the foam mattress  332 . 
     For manufacturing, a mold  336  includes a surrounding portion  338  and a cover portion  340 . The surrounding portion  338  includes a plurality of slots  342  that are perimetrically spaced apart. Plastic locator strips  344  are inserted into the slots  342 , a wire  346  is wound perimetrically inside the surrounding portion  338 , and clipped into respective ones of resilient clips  348  to form the magnetic-field augmenter  334 . 
     After molding the foam mattress  332 , and after removing the foam mattress  332  from the mold  336 , the plastic locator strips  344  are removed by pulling them in the direction of an arrow  350 , leaving the magnetic-field augmenter  334  molded in the foam mattress  332 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 27, a magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or a magnetic-field-augmented mattress,  352  includes a mattress, or a mattress structure,  354 . The mattress  354  may be of the type wherein water is used in a cavity  356  to provide support, or which may of the type in which air is used. The mattress  354  includes riser portions  358 A and  358 B. The riser portions  358 A and  358 B are welded together with a magnetic-field augmenter, or a multi-turn augmenter coil,  360 , that is made of a plurality of wires  362 , disposed between the riser portions,  358 A and  358 B. 
     Referring now to FIGS. 28 and 29, a magnetic-field-augmented bed, or magnetic-field-augmented apparatus,  366  includes a bed, or a bed structure,  368  with side rails  370  and end rails  372 , the end rail being shown only in FIG.  29 . Grooves  374 , which are shown only in FIG. 28, are perimetrically disposed around an inner surface  376  of the rails,  370  and  372 , and are spaced apart by a height  378 . 
     A magnetic-field-augmenter, or multi-turn augmenter coil,  380  is formed in the grooves  374  by disposing a wire  382  perimetrically around the bed  368 . Preferably, the magnetic-field augmenter  380  is continuously wound, with the wire  382  jumping up one groove  374 , or jumping down one groove  374 , at one corner  384 . However, the grooves  374  may be helically cut to avoid the necessity of jumping from one of the grooves  374  to an other. 
     Preferably, the wires  382  are permanently retained in the grooves  374  of the side rails  370 . Also preferably, the wires  382  are removably retained in the grooves  374  of the end rails  372  to allow for disassembly and shipping. Neither the means for permanently retaining or removably retaining are an inventive part of the present invention. 
     Referring now to FIG. 30, a magnetic-field augmenter  386  for a bed, or a bed structure,  388  includes a multi-turn augmenter coil, or bundled augmenter coil,  390 , a supporting web  392  for disposing between a box spring  394  and a mattress  396  of the bed structure  388 , a coil tube, or augmenter coil tube,  398 , and a skirt  400 . 
     The bundled augmenter coil  390  is made from insulated, and preferably stranded, wire  402  that is continuously looped to form the bundled augmenter coil  390 . Alternately, for a higher operating voltage and lower amperage design, the bundled augmenter coil  390  may use a larger number of turns with smaller wire that is both solid and enameled. 
     The bundled augmenter coil  390  is retained in a bundle by any suitable means, such as a conduit  404 . The supporting web  392 , the coil tube  398 , and the skirt  400  are sewn in a conventional manner from any suitable fabric. 
     When the magnetic-field augmenter  386  is placed between the mattress  396  and the box spring  394 , a magnetic-field-augmented bed, or magnetic-field-augmented apparatus,  406  is provided. 
     Referring now to FIG. 31, magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or a magnetic-field-augmented bed,  408  includes a box spring, or a box spring structure,  410  and a magnetic-field augmenter  412 . The magnetic-field augmenter  412  includes a bundled augmenter coil  414  of continuously looped wire  416  and a bundling conduit  418 . The box spring  410  includes a cloth cover  420  that encloses the magnetic-field augmenter  412 . When the magnetic-field augmenter is disposed under a mattress  422 , the magnetic-field-augmented bed  408  and the mattress  422  cooperate to provide a magnetic-field-augmented bed  424 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 32, magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or a magnetic-field-augmented water bed  426  includes a water bed, or a water bed structure,  428  and a magnetic-field-augmenter  430 . The water bed  428  includes rails  432 , a bottom board  434 , and a water-bed mattress  436 . The magnetic-field augmenter  430  includes a continuously-looped wire  438  with bundled turns that are disposed in a conduit  440 . Alternately, the magnetic-field augmenter  430  may be disposed under the water bed  428  as shown by a dash line  442 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 33, a magnetic-field augmenter, or wall-hanging augmenter,  444  is hanging on a wall  446  of a room, or room structure,  448 . A living space, not shown, that extends outwardly from the wall  446 , is magnetic-field-augmented, so that a person, not shown, in front of the magnetic-field augmenter  444  is in a healthful magnetic field. 
     While the magnetic-field-augmented living space is not identified in FIG. 33, it should be understood that the magnetic-field-augmented living space extends orthogonally from an area defined by the magnetic-field augmenter  444 , with poles being disposed along a horizontal axis, not shown. A drape  452  optionally covers the magnetic-field augmenter  444 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 34, a magnetic-field augmenter or floor-area augmenter,  456  is disposed on a floor  458 . The floor-area augmenter  456  provides a magnetic-field-augmented living space in an area roughly defined by the floor-area augmenter  456 , and extends upwardly therefrom with magnetic poles being disposed along a vertical axis  460 , so that a person, not shown, sitting in a chair  462  is subjected to a healthful magnetic field. Optionally, the magnetic-field augmenter  456  is incorporated into a magnetic-field augmented area carpet  464 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 35, the magnetic-field augmenter  456  of FIG. 34 includes a pancake-looped augmenter coil  466  of wire  468 , and a coil cover, or augmenter coil cover,  470  that is bonded to the wires  468 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 36, magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or a magnetic-field-augmented building  472 , includes a building, or a building structure,  474  and a magnetic-field augmenter, or bundled augmenter coil,  476 . 
     The building  474  includes studs  478  that are notched to a reduced thickness  480 . Wire  482 , that is insulated, but that need not be stranded, is wound around the building  474  of FIG. 36, such as is shown in FIG. 16, with the wire  482  being wound into hooks  484  that are nailed to the studs  478 . 
     After completing winding of the wire  482  to form the magnetic-field augmenter  476 , cap strips  486  are secured to the studs  478  by any suitable fastening means, thereby restoring a full thickness to the studs  478 . The hooks  484  not only secure the wire  482  during winding along the studs  478 , but also help in winding the magnetic-field augmenter  476  around inside corners of buildings, such as are shown in FIG.  16 . 
     Continuing to consider FIG. 36, if a magnetically-augmented living space, such as the magnetically-augmented living space  182  of FIG. 14, is assumed to have a height, such as the height  184  of FIG. 14, of 1.52 meters (5.0 feet), then the bundled augmenter coil  476  would be centered within the height  184 . That is, the bundled augmenter coil would be disposed 0.76 meters (2.5 feet) from a floor, such as the floor  174  of FIG.  14 . 
     For building structures  474  having more than one story, then an additional bundled augmenter coil  476  is centered in a living space for each story. One or more additional bundled augmenter coils  476  may be disposed between living spaces. 
     For remodeling existing houses, the bundled augmenter coil  474  may be installed inside one or more rooms, such as the rooms  218 A and  218 B of FIG.  18 . The bundled augmenter coil  476  may be inserted into a slit cut into interior sheetrock, using the hooks  484  at inside corners, and subsequently covering the slit and bundled augmenter coil  476  with a horizontally-disposed trim board, such as a trim board that is commonly called a chair rail. 
     Referring now to FIG. 37, magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or magnetic-field-augmented seating furniture,  488  includes seating furniture, or seating furniture structure,  490  and a magnetic-field augmenter or two-axis augmenter,  492 . The two-axis augmenter  492  produces a magnetic field that is disposed along two axes, one axis with poles along a vertical axis  494 , and an other axis with poles along a horizontal axis  496 , thereby producing an augmenting field that is distributed upward and backward, forward and downward, and therebetween, as shown by lines  498 A and  498 B. 
     That is, the magnetic-field augmenter  492  includes a horizontal coil portion  500  that is disposed along a horizontal plane  502 , thereby producing poles along the vertical axis  494 , and a vertical coil portion  504  that is disposed along a vertical plane  506 , thereby producing poles along the horizontal axis  496 , and thereby producing a magnetic-field-augmented living space  507  that is sufficient to engulf a human, not shown, seated in the magnetic-field-augmented seating furniture  488 . 
     Referring now to FIGS. 37 and 38, but more particularly to FIG. 38, the two-axis augmenter  492  of FIG. 37 is symbolically shown in FIG. 38 as a single-turn coil, but would normally be made as a bundled-conductor coil, as previously described. 
     The two-axis augmenter  492  includes horizontal coil portions  508 A and  508 B that are longitudinally disposed, and that are connected to positive and negative potentials, as shown, or to any suitable source of electrical power, two horizontal coil portions  500 , only one shown in FIG. 37, that extend forwardly, vertical coil portions  504 , only one shown in FIG. 37, that extend downwardly, and a horizontal coil portion  510  that is longitudinally disposed, and that interconnects the coil portions  504 . 
     The coil portions  500 ,  508 A, and  508 B, tend to develop a magnetic field whose poles are vertical, as shown by the vertical axis  494  of FIG.  37 . In like manner, the portions  504  and  510  tend to develop a magnetic field whose poles are horizontal, as shown by the horizontal axis  496  of FIG.  37 . Therefore, the magnetic-field augmenter  492  is a two-axis augmenter. 
     Referring now to FIG. 39, magnetic-field-augmenter apparatus, or free-standing augmented railing,  514  includes a U-shaped railing, or a free-standing structure,  516 . The U-shaped railing  516  includes a longitudinal back portion  518 , a pair of side portions,  520 , and four legs  522 . A magnetic-field augmenter, U-shaped augmenter, or single-axis open-sided augmenter,  524 , shown only in FIG. 40, is disposed within the U-shaped railing  516 , and extends generally to each end  526  of the U-shaped railing  516 . 
     The free-standing augmented railing  514  produces a magnetic field whose poles are generally disposed along a vertical axis  528 , but since the magnetic-field augmenter  524  of FIG. 40 does not extend across the ends  526 , an open side  530  of FIG. 39 reduces reluctance of the flow path, so that magnetic flux spills out the open side  530 , thereby providing a magnetic-field augmented living space  531  that extends in front of the open side  530  and well as inside a space partially enclosed by the U-shaped railing  516 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 40, the U-shaped augmenter  524  includes a pair of active back portions  532  with terminals  534  which may be connected to a source of electrical power, a pair of active side portions  536 , a pair of magnetically-shielded side portions  538 , and a magnetically-shielded back portion  540 . Magnetic shielding can be achieved by the use of soft iron sheets, or by any suitable means, not an inventive part of the present invention. 
     By shielding the portions  538  and  540 , the magnetic-field augmenter  524  can be open on the side  530  of FIGS. 39 and 40 and still produce a magnetic field whose poles are generally vertical, as shown by the axis  528  of FIG.  39 . 
     Therefore, the U-shaped augmenter  524  allows construction of U-shaped magnetic-field augmented apparatus, such as the free-standing augmented railing  514 , whose healthful magnetic field is disposed generally along the vertical axis  528 , but whose healthful field also spills over forwardly, thereby providing a magnetic-field-augmented living space that is larger than an area enclosed by the magnetic-field augmenter. 
     Referring now to FIG. 41, magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or a magnetic-field-augmented desk,  542  includes a desk, or a desk structure,  544  and the magnetic-field augmenter or U-shaped augmenter,  524  of FIG.  40 . The desk  544  includes a top  546 , and the location of the U-shaped augmenter  524  is symbolized by heavier lines along three of four edges  548  of the top  546 . 
     Since the U-shaped augmenter  524  is open-sided, although the poles of the magnetic-field developed thereby are generally vertical, it is easy to see that the magnetic field will flow forward, thereby providing a magnetic-field-augmented living space  549  that will engulf a person, not shown, who is using the desk  544 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 42, a magnetic-field augmenter, or two-axis open-coil augmenter,  550  includes a pair of active longitudinal portions  552  that are horizontally disposed, each having a terminal  554  that may be connected to a source of electrical power, a pair of active transverse portions  556  that are horizontally disposed, a pair of active vertical portions  558 , a pair of magnetically-shielded vertical portions  560 , a pair of magnetically-shielded traverse portions  562 , and a magnetically-shielded longitudinal portion  564 . 
     The active portions  552  and  556  form a horizontally-disposed coil portion  566  whose poles are generally vertical, as shown by a vertical axis  568 . In like manner, the active vertical portions  558  form a vertically-disposed coil portion  570  whose poles are generally horizontal, as shown by a horizontal axis  572 . 
     Referring now to FIGS. 40 and 42, both of the magnetic-field augmenters,  524  and  550  are open-sided, both include turns in which portions of turns thereof double back on themselves, and both magnetically shield the portions of the turns that double back. The magnetic-field augmenter  524  produces a magnetic field whose axes are disposed as shown by the vertical axis  528  of FIG. 39, and the magnetic-field augmenter  550  of FIG. 42 produces magnetic fields whose axes are disposed along two axes, the vertical axis  568  and the horizontal axis  572 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 43, magnetic-field-augmented apparatus, or a magnetic-field-augmented desk,  574  includes a desk, or desk structure,  576  and the two-axis open-coil augmenter  550  of FIG.  42 . The desk  576  includes a top  578  having a front edge  580  and a pair of side edges  582 , a pair of panel-type legs  584 , and a kneehole  586  that is disposed between a pair of drawer units  588 . 
     The magnetic-field augmenter  550  of FIG. 42 is disposed generally along the back edge  580 , forwardly along the side edges  582 , and downwardly along corner edges  590 , as shown by heavier lines. 
     Since the magnetic-field augmenter  550  of FIG. 42 produces magnetic-fields that are disposed both horizontally and vertically, as shown by axes  568  and  572 , it is obvious a magnetic-field-augmented living space  591  of FIG. 43 will provide an augmented magnetic field for hands, arms, and head, not shown, of a person that may be disposed generally above the top  578 , for legs and feet, not shown, that may be disposed generally in the kneehole  586 , and for a torso, not shown, of a person that is disposed in behind the magnetic-field-augmented desk  574 . 
     Referring now to FIG. 44, a protective device  594  includes input terminals  596 A and  596 B for connection to a source of electrical power such as the one shown in FIG. 5, augmenter terminals  598 A and  598 B for connection to magnetic-field augmenters, such as those taught herein, a normally-open relay,  600 , a lower-limit resistance reference  602 , a higher-limit resistance reference  604 , a lower-limit comparator  606 , and a higher-limit comparator  608 . 
     In operation, when a resistance across the augmenter terminals  598 A and  598 B is within limits set by the resistance references,  602  and  604 , it indicates that there are neither loose electrical connections nor shorts in the augmenter, not shown, nor any loose connection between the augmenter and the protective device  594 . 
     At this time, the comparators,  606  and  608 , which are in series, communicate a coil  610  of the relay  600  to the input terminal  596 A, thereby closing a circuit that energizes the coil  610  and closes the relay  600 . However, if the resistance across the augmenter terminals  598 A and  598 B is below the lower-limit resistance reference  602 , or if the resistance across the augmenter terminals  598 A and  598 B exceeds a higher-limit resistance reference  604 , the circuit from the coil  610  to the input terminal  596 A is broken, thereby opening the relay  600 , and shutting down the augmenter that is attached to the augmenter terminals,  598 A and  598 B. 
     While reference has been made herein to mattresses and box springs, more generically, and as used in the claims: a mattress and a box spring together form a sleep set; the mattress is a sleep unit, and the box spring is a sleep unit; the mattress is an upper sleep unit, or resilient sleep unit; and the box spring, whether or not it actually includes springs or is only a padded box, is a lower sleep unit. 
     Further, while reference has been made to top surfaces of mattresses, or upper sleep units, as used in the claims, lower sleep units, or box springs, also include top surfaces. A living space is provided above a top surface of a lower sleep unit, even though an upper sleep unit may be interposed between the top surface of the lower sleep unit and the living space. And, both sleep units include bottom surfaces as well as top surfaces. 
     As shown and described above, and as defined herein, augmenting, or supplementing the earth&#39;s magnetic field means applying to a person&#39;s entire body, or to an entire living thing, a magnetic field that adds to the earth&#39;s magnetic field. 
     If a magnetic field were provided in which orientation of the magnetic poles reversed in different portions of a living space, then in some portions of the living space, rather than augmenting the earth&#39;s magnetic field, the added magnetic field would reduce, or even cancel, the earth&#39;s magnetic field. 
     Therefore, as shown and described herein, an augmenting field is unipolar in the living space. That is, as defined herein, a magnetic field is unipolar if, throughout the living space, the magnetic poles of the added magnetic field do not reverse. 
     While augmenting the earth&#39;s magnetic field has been emphasized for providing a healthful environment, the primary thrust of the present invention is immersion of the entire body in a magnetic field whose total magnitude is greater than the earth&#39;s magnetic field whether or not the body of the living thing is shielded from the earth&#39;s magnetic field. 
     Further, while constant D.C. magnetic fields have been discussed, and while they are deemed to be preferable for use in augmenting the earth&#39;s magnetic field, varying or pulsed D.C. magnetic fields, or A.C. magnetic fields whose frequencies may be discovered to be beneficial to life, may be used to practice the present invention. 
     Still further, although the use of augmenters has focused on providing a more healthful living environment, as opposed to providing therapeutic apparatus and method, the augmenters taught herein may be used, at various gauss intensities, for therapeutic treatment by immersing a patient&#39;s entire body, or an entire living thing, into a living area which may be a bed, a special therapeutic device, a portion of a room, a room, or an entire building, for periods of time that may range from a portion of an hour to days or even weeks. 
     While specific apparatus and method have been disclosed in the preceding description, it should be understood that these specifics have been given for the purpose of disclosing the principles of the present invention, and that many variations thereof will become apparent to those who are versed in the art. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims, and without regard to any numbers that may be parenthetically inserted in any of the claims.