Abstract:
An ink jet color printer ( 10 ) comprises a printer body ( 15 ) having a casing with a rear wall ( 17 ) provided with a slot ( 13 ) in which an interchangeable, disposable type paper cassette ( 18 ) containing printing media with given common characteristics is removably inserted; the paper cassette bears are at least 5-bit binary ( 19 ) indicating the characteristics of the printing media it contains inside and which is read by the electronic controller ( 21 ) of the printer so as to automatically select the optimum printing mode in relation to the specific characteristics of the printing media, thus avoiding mistakes on the part of the user.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to a printer used to produce images (mostly, though not exclusively, photographic images) in black, but more often in colour, on a printing medium (for example, a sheet of paper, treated or untreated, or a sheet of plastic, of variable format) by means of the ink jet technology (either thermal or piezoelectric type), and, more particularly, to a printer provided with a removable and interchangeable paper cassette containing a plurality of said printing media, having the same format and the same physical-chemical characteristics. 
     STATE OF THE ART 
     Printers of the type described above are known in the art, that use printing means generally in the form of ink jet print heads, in some cases capable of printing a whole line at a time (line heads), but more often mounted by fixed or interchangeable means on a scanning carriage. 
     The composition and general mode of operation of an ink jet printer, as also those of the associated ink jet printhead, are already widely known in the sector art, and will not therefore be described in detail herein, the description accordingly being limited to a more detailed account of some characteristics of relevance to the understanding of the present invention, taking as a reference the example of a colour printer provided with scanning carriage and using the thermal ink jet technology. 
     A typical ink jet colour printer of the type indicated above schematically comprises: 
     a system, selectively actuated by a motor, for the feeding of the sheet of paper upon which the image is to be produced, so that the feeding occurs in a given direction in discrete steps (line feed), 
     a movable carriage, sliding on ways in a direction perpendicular to that of feeding of the sheet, selectively driven by a motor to accomplish an outward motion and a return motion across the entire width of the sheet itself, 
     a printhead removably affixed to the carriage, comprising a plurality of emission resistors deposited on a substrate (usually a silicon wafer) and arranged inside cells filled with ink, individually connected to a corresponding plurality of nozzles, through which the head is able to emit the droplets of ink contained in a tank, which may be an integral part of the head, in the case of the so-called monobloc or disposable heads; or it may be interchangeable, being removably fitted on the head, in the case of the so-called refillable type heads. The tank contains at least three different inks, corresponding to the primary colours, cyan, magenta and yellow, 
     an electronic controller which, on the basis of the information received from a computer the printer is connected to and of the presettings effected by the user, selectively controls both the above-mentioned motors and the printhead, causing therein, through the selective heating of the resistors, the emission of the droplets of ink against the surface of the printing medium, generating a visible image thereon. 
     The presettings that may be effected by the user, as is known in the sector art, concern particularly the printing mode that is to be implemented, in order to produce a printout having a printed colour quality, assessed in terms of uniformity, brilliance, correspondence with the original and separation between adjacent colours, consistent with the use that is to be made of the document and the type of printing medium upon which the document in question is to be produced. 
     For example, the presettable printing modes, in order of increasing quality and decreasing economy, are those indicated with terms such as “draft”, “economy”, “standard”, “high quality” or “presentation”. These modes control the presetting of suitable factors such as, for example, the resolution of the image decomposition grid (for example, 300×300 or 600×600 dots/inch 2 ); the direction of scanning during printing (for example, monodirectional or bidirectional); the consumption of ink (for example, by reducing the number of dots printed from 100% to 75%, to 50% or to 25%); the inking speed (for example, by application of a technique known as “shingling”, i.e. printing a line with a variable number of head passes, involving one or more nozzles), for example, low speed with shingling of 30%, average speed with shingling of 50%, or high speed without shingling. 
     The five different printing modes described above are represented in summary form by way of example in table T1 below: 
     
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE T1 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 SCANNING 
                 CONSUMPTION 
                 SPEED 
                 RESOLUTION 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 DRAFT 
                 BIDIRECTIONAL 
                  25% 
                 HIGH 
                 150 × 150 
               
               
                 ECONOMY 
                 BIDIRECTIONAL 
                  75% 
                 HIGH 
                 150 × 300 
               
               
                 STANDARD 
                 BIDIRECTIONAL 
                 100% 
                 HIGH 
                 300 × 300 
               
               
                 HIGH QUALITY 
                 BIDIRECTIONAL 
                 100% 
                 AVERAGE 
                 300 × 600 
               
               
                 PRESENTATION 
                 MONODIRECTIONAL 
                 100% 
                 LOW 
                 600 × 600 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     The type of printing medium on which to produce the document can be selected by the operator from a wide range of options; for example, it may be plain paper, of the type used in photocopiers; glossed paper, surface-treated on one side only for a glossy finish; coated paper, with the same characteristics as glossy paper, but with a very smooth surface; transparent glossy plastic, for use with a projector; all of different formats and different weights and thicknesses. 
     The final document quality depends on the selected combination of printing mode and printing medium. It will be clear, however, from the above that the large number of variables represents a factor of confusion for the operator, giving rise to a considerable degree of difficulty in making the right choice, even if hard-copy or on-line manuals are available to guide the operator in making this choice. 
     All the more so when the user of the printer is not a professional user, which is exactly the case with the non-professional colour printers called “photographic” that have recently appeared on the market. These are intended for a general, not necessarily adult, public for the printing of photographs produced with digital cameras, known in the art, and which, instead of producing a chemical image on a negative or positive film, produce a digital file of a format suitable for being printed by a colour printer, usually thermal or ink jet type; or, alternatively, for the printing of photographs or slides produced using traditional methods, but subsequently digitized using known type scanner equipment. 
     Selection of a wrong combination of printing mode and type of medium produces poor results, with a consequent waste of materials (ink and media) and leaves the user dissatisfied. 
     The patent JP 3,240,541 discloses the use of a sensor to detect the medium width, in order to modify printing parameters accordingly. 
     The U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,067,835 and 5,053,814 disclose the use of a paper cassette having a bar code or similar to identify some characteristics of the medium, or order to optimize the printing output. 
     However, the cited prior art documents leave some problems unsloved, because the number of informtion items is limited by the number of sensors or by the extension of the code, and some characteristics of the medium are lost. The control of the printing parameters based on said informations cannot keep into account non standard variables, e.g. a special type of coating, a cross-correlation amongst some variables, or a combinating of variables leading to a surprising behavior of the printout. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The scope of this invention is to define an ink jet colour printer that avoids the problem described above, ensuring that the correct combination is always made between printing mode and type of medium on which to print the photographic image, thereby eliminating the problems of poor quality of the printed image and wasted materials due to the user&#39;s lack of skill. 
     Another scope of the invention is to define an ink jet colour printer provided with a removable and interchangeable cassette for accommodating the printing media, marked with a code for the type of medium it contains; and with a system for reading this code for the corresponding automatic setting of the correct printing mode in relation to the type of medium. 
     A further scope of the invention is to define an ink jet colour printer provided with a printhead interchangeable with others of different characteristics; with a system for recognition of the specific characteristics of the printhead in the machine; with a removable and interchangeable cassette for accommodating the printing media, marked with a code for the type of medium it contains; and with a system for reading this code for the corresponding automatic setting of the correct printing mode in relation both to the type of printhead and to the type of medium. 
     A further scope of the invention is to mark such cassette with a code identifying all the characteristics of the medium as a whole, thereby allowing the direct selection of the right printing mode also in presence of non standard variables, cross-correlations amongst some variables, or combinations of variables leading to a surprising behavior of the printout. 
     An ink jet colour printer, characterized as defined in the main claim, is capable of fully attaining the above scopes. 
     These and other scopes, characteristics and advantages of the invention will become clear from the following description of a preferred embodiment, provided by way of a non-exhaustive example and with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     LIST OF THE FIGURES 
     FIG.  1 —Is a schematic representation of a perspective rear view of a colour printer according to the invention, provided with a removable and interchangeable cassette for accommodating the printing media. 
     FIG.  2 —Is a schematic representation of a cassette for accommodating the printing media suitable for being interchangeably fitted on the printer of FIG.  1 . 
     FIG.  3 —Is a simplified block diagram of the printer of FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 4 a —Is a schematic representation of the coding zone of the paper cassette of the printer of FIG. 1 in a first illustrative example. 
     FIG. 4 c —Is a schematic representation of the coding zone of the paper cassette of the printer of FIG. 1 in a second illustrative example. 
     FIG. 4 b —Is a schematic representation of the coding zone of the paper cassette of the printer of FIG. 1 in a third illustrative example. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     Shown in FIG. 1 is an ink jet colour printer  10 , comprising a printer body  15 , inside which are located, in particular, a carriage upon which a printhead is mounted, a carriage scanning motor, a paper feed motor, a sheet pick-up device and a microprocessor-based electronic controller (not visible in the figure). The printer body  15  has a casing provided with a lid  16  enabling access to the internal members previously cited, and a rear wall  17  in which a slot  13  has been made, suitable for at least partially accommodating a paper cassette  18 , substantially parallelepiped in shape, containing printing media in the form a pile of overlaid, aligned sheets. 
     The paper cassette  18  is of the “disposable” type, that is to say, it is supplied with an initial provision of a certain number of sheets and, after the latter have all been used, it is thrown away and not used any more. 
     The paper cassette  18  (FIG. 2) has a front wall  11 , which is inserted into the slot  13  in the casing of the printer body  15 , connected to a bottom wall  12 , of substantially rectangular format and of slightly larger dimensions than the sheets (not seen in the figure) contained inside the paper tray  18 ; the bottom wall  12 , in the vicinity of the front wall  11 , is provided with a reading zone  19  bearing a coding system. An example of the system is illustrated in the figure as a line of 5 code elements  14  comprised by a circular surface, each of which may be of the optically reflective or optically opaque type, so as to produce 2 5  different code combinations, by means of which up to 32 different types of printing media may be identified, differing both in format and also in other chemical-physical characteristics, such as for example, thickness, weight, roughness, transparency, opaqueness, base material type, presence of a surface coating, and, in the latter case, the roughness, opaqueness, reflectivity and chemical composition of the surface coating. 
     The combination between codes and printing media is effected during the paper cassette production process, so that a paper cassette with a different code for each type of printing medium may be made available commercially. 
     When the paper cassette  18  is inserted inside the slot  13 , the sheets contained inside are in correspondence with the sheet pick-up device, which is accordingly able to selectively feed the sheets to a printing zone, whereas the reading zone  19  is in correspondence with a code reader  20  (FIG.  3 ), for example a known type reflection optical reader, which is accordingly able to differentiate the code elements  14  and thus “read” the code that they represent, identifying the type of medium contained in the paper cassette  14 . 
     The code reader  20  provides the code read to a microprocessor  21  included in the electronic controller of the printer  10 ; the microprocessor  21  in turn is capable of selectively commanding the medium feed motor  24  and the carriage scanning motor  22 , and of controlling a circuit  23  for driving of the ink jet printhead  25 , all on the basis of a medium type and relative optimum printing mode cross-reference table, stored in a read-only memory (ROM)  26 . 
     The methods of operation of the ink jet colour printer according invention will now be described below. 
     Depicted in FIG. 4 a  is the reading zone  19  of the paper cassette  18  in the case where, as an indicative example for the sole purposes of illustrating operation of the present invention, 3 of the code elements  14 , shown in grey and indicated with the numeral  14 ′, are reflective, signifying in this way that the paper cassette  18  contains a pile of 10×15 cm format sheets of paper of 150 g/m 2 , having an upper side covered with a PVA film with a smooth external surface. When the paper cassette  18  bearing this specific code is inserted in the printer  10 , the code reader  20  (FIG. 3) reads it and provides it to the microprocessor  21  which, on the basis of the cross-reference table stored in the ROM  26 , identifies the “Presentation” printing mode as the most suitable and correspondingly, upon receiving a print command from the operator, effects a monodirectional printing, at low speed with 30% shingling, 100% consumption and resolution of 600×600 dots/inch 2 . 
     A second example, again indicative for the sole purposes of illustrating operation of the present invention, is represented in FIG. 4 b,  wherein the reading zone  19  of the paper cassette  18  has 3 other reflective code elements  14 , again shown in grey and indicated with the numeral  14 ′, signifying in this way that the paper cassette  18  contains a pile of 10×15 cm format sheets of plain paper weighing 80 g/m 2 ; when the paper cassette  18  bearing this code is inserted inside the printer  10 , the code reader  20  (FIG. 3) reads it and provides it to the microprocessor  21  which, on the basis of the cross-reference table stored in the ROM  26 , identifies the “Draft” printing mode as the most suitable and correspondingly, upon receiving a print command from the operator, effects a bidirectional printing, at high speed without shingling, with 25% consumption and resolution of 150×150 dots/inch 2 . 
     In general, each time a paper cassette  18  is inserted into the printer  10 , the code reader  20  reads the code marked in the reading zone  14  and provides it to the microprocessor  21  which, on the basis of the cross-reference table stored in the ROM  26 , identifies and applies the most suitable printing mode upon reception of a print command. 
     In a possible variant of the ink jet colour printer  10  previously described, in addition to the paper cassette  18 , the printhead  25  is also interchangeable, and may thus be replaced not only when the ink in the tank runs out, but may also be replaced by another head having different characteristics, for example because it also contains a black ink as well as the cyan, magenta and yellow coloured inks. In this case, the electronic controller of the printer is capable of recognizing the type of printhead present, according to ways known and applied in the art, so as to define an optimum printing mode, selected in relation both to the type of head and to the type of paper cassette present 
     A further variant of what has been described above consists in additionally providing the ink jet colour printer  10  with display means, through which the electronic controller of the printer provides the user, who has inserted a given paper cassette  18 , information about which printhead  25  it would be preferable to fit to be able to effect, when required, the best mode of printing for the best possible quality or the best compromise between quality and economy; or, vice versa, it provides the user, who has fitted a given printhead  25 , information about which paper cassette  18  it would be preferable to insert to be able to effect, when required, the best mode of printing for the best quality possible or the best compromise between quality and economy. 
     Naturally changes may be made to the invention as described above, without exiting from the scope of the invention. 
     For example, use is possible of a bar code type coding system  27 , as illustrated in FIG. 4 c,  permitting an exceptionally large quantity of different combinations, in combination with a known type optical code reader  20 ; or a coding system not based on optical reflection, but on transparency, using the known type optoelectronic fork method. It is also possible to use a mechanical rather than optical coding system, detecting for example particular shapes made in the paper cassette  18  by means of known type microswitches. 
     The principle of the invention could also be applied to a printhead  25  wherein the tank is removably affixed to the head true and proper, thus representing an interchangeable tank. 
     Then again, the principle of the invention could also be applied to an ink jet printhead comprising, in addition to the primary colour inks of cyan, yellow and magenta, other diluted colour inks and/or one or more black inks, whether or not physically and chemically compatible with the colour inks. 
     Finally the principle of the invention could be applied to an ink jet printhead using the piezoelectric rather than thermal technology, for generation of the droplets of ink. 
     In short, without prejudice to the principle of the present invention, the construction details and forms of embodiment may be amply varied with respect to those described and illustrated in the foregoing, without exiting from the scope of the invention.