Abstract:
The technology described herein provides an active driver control system. Additionally, in various example embodiments, this technology provides methods for optimizing fuel economy (or energy consumption) through active compensation of driver controlled inputs. The active compensation functionality is used to moderate ‘sweet spot’ vehicle response with driver desired performance. In particular, the active compensation functionality can be used to smooth the vehicle response and attenuate undesired frequency content from the driver input. One of the benefits to this technology is that it assists all drivers in achieving better fuel economy in real world driving. Another benefit is that active compensation of driver controlled inputs can mitigate some of the negative effects of more aggressive driving styles. In addition to active compensation functionality, the technology described herein is also capable of generating a Green Driver Index which is derived by quantifying the driver&#39;s control ability and normalizing the result against desired fuel economy and performance targets.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The technology herein relates generally to improving fuel economy of a motor vehicle and more particularly to using vehicle and driver measurables to index, in real time, driver control ability and actively compensate driver input to achieve better fuel economy in real world driving. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Real world vehicle fuel economy innately depends on driver ability and performance preference. Fuel economy is, in fact, affected substantially by how the vehicle is operated; in many cases, how the vehicle is operated can affect fuel economy more than technological improvements. Driver behaviors that contribute to decreased fuel economy include high acceleration and constant starts and stops, which consume fuel without saving time. Idling is another culprit of decreased fuel economy. 
     Generally, it is understood that to achieve ideal fuel economy, drivers must consistently maintain smooth acceleration and deceleration and strive to operate the vehicle in a “sweet spot”—an optimal range of engine speed and torque that will save fuel. Prior art systems (such as the systems disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Nos. 2008/0120175 and 2007/0203625) teach processing operating data from prior vehicle operation to create and display driving recommendations that can be used to address specific driving behavior affecting fuel economy, or to assist the driver in learning how to maintain the vehicle in its “sweet spot.” Other systems (such as the system disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,687,602) use compiled data to characterize the driver and select an appropriate level of engine displacement switching in large displacement engines where operation at full displacement is extremely inefficient. 
     These types of systems, however, suffer from a number of fallbacks, mainly that they do not provide any means for active compensation. These systems fail to consider that some drivers will not actively respond to coaching; others may have difficulty adapting because of slow reaction times or inexperience. Further, current techniques do not provide any real-time indexing, characterization, or feedback on the driver&#39;s actions or the vehicle&#39;s status. Accordingly, there is a need to provide a method and system for active driver control, which has these desired features. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In various example embodiments, the technology described herein achieves fuel economy optimization through active compensation of driver controlled input(s). The technology also provides indexing and characterization of real time driving measurables, including generating driver feedback. The active compensation functionality is used to moderate ‘sweet spot’ vehicle response with driver desired performance. In particular, the active compensation functionality can be used to smooth the vehicle response and attenuate undesired frequency content from the driver input. One of the benefits to this system and method is that they assist all drivers in achieving better fuel economy for real world driving. Another benefit is that active compensation of driver controlled inputs can mitigate some of the negative effects of more aggressive driving styles. 
     It should be appreciated that this functionality is not limited to being used with conventional (i.e. internal combustion/thermal) engines; it could be used with hybrid-electric, electric and fuel cell vehicles as well. In one embodiment, instead of a chemical consumable (i.e. gasoline), the active compensation functionality could be configured to monitor electrical power consumption, for instance, to moderate battery usage in an electric vehicle. In another example embodiment, the active compensation functionality can be configured to align response to an equilibrium between usage of multiple propulsion systems (such as in a hybrid vehicle with both electric and gasoline engines). 
     In one example embodiment, the disclosed technology provides an index quantifier (hereinafter a “Green Driver Index”) which extracts the driver&#39;s desired performance and fuel economy goals and compares them to a quantification of the driver&#39;s control ability. The quantification is based on extraction of underlying acceleration and deceleration targets, pedal position, rate of change of pedal position, and actual vehicle speed and acceleration. Alternatively, the Green Driver Index can be based on a comparison of driver control ability to standardized fuel economy measurements for a given vehicle. The Green Driver Index, which is quantified in real-time, is normalized and preferably output to a display for observation by the driver. It can also be recorded for subsequent downloading and analysis. 
     In another example embodiment, the disclosed technology provides active compensation of driver controlled inputs (hereinafter “Active Green Mode”) to actively attenuate undesired frequency content from the driver&#39;s pedal movements such that the actual vehicle responses (speed and acceleration) closely follow the driver&#39;s intended vehicle control targets. 
     In another example embodiment, the Active Green Mode is used in combination with driver input preferences (hereinafter “Active Driver Command Manager”) such that a driver&#39;s intended performance and fuel economy goals can be selected from a plurality of modes or settings presented to the driver on a display, or learned from analysis of lagging Green Driver Index data or other quantifiable measures of driver control ability. In yet another example embodiment, the Active Driver Command Manager is connected to and receives inputs from other control and safety systems of the vehicle, including electronic stability protection (ESP), anti-lock braking systems (ABS), proximity, navigation, and traffic control systems. 
     In a further example embodiment, the disclosed technology provides a display that outputs driver feedback information, including a real-time Green Driver Index, current and lagging fuel economy of the vehicle. The display also provides an interface for the Active Driver Command Manager. 
     There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, the features of the technology in order that the detailed description that follows may be better understood, and in order that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. There are additional features of the technology that will be described and which will form the subject matter of the claims. Additional aspects and advantages of the technology will be apparent from the following detailed description of an example embodiment which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The technology is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and earned out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The technology is illustrated and described herein with reference to the various drawings, in which like reference numbers denote like method steps and/or system components, and in which: 
         FIG. 1  illustrates an active driver control system in accordance with an embodiment described herein. 
         FIG. 2  is a flow diagram of an example green driver index monitoring process. 
         FIG. 3  is a flow diagram of an example active green mode correction process. 
         FIG. 4  illustrates a display in accordance with an embodiment described herein. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Before describing the disclosed embodiments of the technology in detail, it is to be understood that the technology is not limited in its application to the details of the particular arrangement shown here since the technology is capable of other embodiments. Also, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. 
     In various example embodiments, the technology described herein increases vehicle fuel economy by monitoring driver controlled inputs and actively attenuating vehicle response based on pedal position, rate of change of pedal position, and actual vehicle speed and acceleration. The active compensation functionality is used to correlate ‘sweet spot’ vehicle response with driver desired performance. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 1 , which shows an active driver control system  100 , driver  101  operates vehicle  110  by actuating the accelerator control pedal  121  and brake control pedal  123 . Pedal actuation is detected by accelerator pedal sensor  120  and brake pedal sensor  122 , respectively. Propulsion control is not limited to actual physical control pedals such as accelerator control pedal  121  and brake control pedal  123 , and could include other types of controls not pictured, e.g., hand controls. The driver  101  may also have a plurality of other vehicle controls to activate or deactivate vehicle safety and location systems  138 , e.g., electronic stability protection and anti-lock brake systems. These controls are not shown for simplicity purposes, but data from these systems  138 , which includes installed ESP, proximity, navigation, and traffic control systems, is available to active driver control system  100 , if desired. 
     The active driver control system  100  includes a driver command interpreter  130 , for receiving the information from accelerator pedal sensor  120  and brake pedal sensor  122 , as well as other driver controlled inputs. The driver command interpreter formats these commands and sends them to active driver command manager  140  for processing. After processing, the commands are sent to propulsion system control  150 . 
     The vehicle  110  has a dashboard  112 , which includes a plurality of displays such as a speedometer, tachometer, odometer and fuel gauge. In one embodiment, the dashboard  112  includes an additional display  114  for displaying information relevant to the active driver control system  100 . As described in more detail below, this additional display  114  can be programmed to display fuel economy, system status, and other quantified information for use by the driver  101 . 
     One such item for display is retrieved from a real time Green Driver Index Quantifier  160 , which calculates the driver&#39;s  101  Green Driver Index (GDI) by extracting the driver&#39;s underlying acceleration and deceleration targets and comparing them to a quantification of the driver&#39;s control ability. This quantification can include, among other things, accelerator and brake pedal position, rate of change in pedal positions, and actual vehicle speed and acceleration. Alternatively, the GDI can be based on a quantification of driver control ability (the factors discussed above) to standardized fuel economy measurements for a given vehicle. 
     GDI determination is shown in  FIG. 2 . The driver&#39;s  101  underlying acceleration and deceleration targets or performance and fuel economy goals are retrieved at step  200 . Next driver&#39;s  101  control ability is then quantified at step  210 . At step  220 , the Green Driver Index is normalized against desired fuel economy and performance targets, preferably on a scale of 200 with a mean of 100. In one embodiment, referring again to  FIG. 1 , the Green Driver Index is expressed as a percentage multiple of average fuel economy for the vehicle  110 . The Green Driver Index can also employ data from non-control vehicle safety and location systems  138 . For instance, Green Driver Index Quantifier  160  can adjust the normalization based on a information from a navigation system which would indicate whether the vehicle  110  is engaged in city or highway driving. Other, non-numerical scales could also be used, such as normalization to a color scheme (e.g., red is a low Green Driver Index, yellow a satisfactory Green Driver Index, and green a good Green Driver Index). 
     The display  114  also includes hardware or software controls  162  for activation or deactivation of the active driver control system  100 . In one embodiment, the hardware or software controls allow driver  101  to turn on/off Active Green Mode. In another embodiment, activation or deactivation of Active Green Mode may be performed automatically by active driver control system  100  based on a detection of one or more conditions, e.g., weather. The controls  162  may include settings for a driver&#39;s  101  desired performance response targets (e.g., leisure, sport) and fuel economy (e.g., standard, enhanced). Although this information is ideally incorporated into its own display  114 , it is understood that the information could also be input and displayed as part of a common information panel on the dashboard  112 , or central computer or navigation system. 
     One embodiment of display  114  is illustrated in  FIG. 4 , showing a plurality of controls  162   a - d  for activating Active Green Mode and selection of an operation mode, as well as fuel economy gauge  405  and current Green Driver Index  410 . 
     In Active Green Mode operation (shown in  FIG. 3 ), driver inputs are also processed at the active driver command manager  140 . At step  300 , the active driver control system  100  checks to see if Active Green Mode has been enabled by the driver  101 . 
     When Active Green Mode is not enabled, driver inputs to the accelerator pedal  121  and brake pedal  123  are sent (via sensors  120 ,  122 ) to the active driver command manager  140 , which passes them through to propulsion system control  150 . 
     At step  310 , when Active Green Mode is activated, the control system  100  retrieves the driver&#39;s  101  underlying acceleration and deceleration targets. Desired fuel economy and performance targets, including a predetermined acceleration or deceleration curve, can also be retrieved and used at this step. The targets can be collectively expressed as a plurality of modes, e.g., “economy,” “normal,” or “sporty.” In another embodiment, the acceleration and deceleration targets can be extrapolated from analysis of Green Driver Index over a specified time. 
     Next, at step  320 , any non-driver-controllable performance changes to the vehicle based on the desired fuel economy and performance targets of the driver  100  are implemented. This may include, among other things, changing the engine&#39;s variable displacement scheme or valve timing, on a hybrid, increasing the time the vehicle  110  operates on battery power, adjusting a variable suspension, closing the sunroof, and/or lowering a spoiler. It is understood that these changes may account for a significant portion of the control needed to achieve the driver&#39;s fuel economy and performance targets. In this case, the active driver command manager  140  can limit the level of active attenuation of driver commands so as to be less perceptible to the driver. 
     At step  330 , the active driver command manager  140  processes the driver&#39;s fuel economy and performance targets along with a plurality of operating parameters, e.g., information about the state of the vehicle. This information can include real-time GDI from the Green Driver Index Quantifier  160 , input from safety and location systems  138 , and other real-time information from vehicle  110  including actual vehicle speed, acceleration, and current and historical fuel economy, as well as external loads acting on the vehicle (such as wind speed, precipitation). Acting on this information, at step  340 , the active driver command manager  140  attenuates driver controlled input (from at least sensors  120 ,  122 ) to achieve the desired performance response (e.g., a smoother acceleration and deceleration curve) and fuel economy by attenuating acceleration and deceleration commands to propulsion system control  150 . The attenuated acceleration and deceleration commands are also calculated to reduce undesired frequency content, such as inconsistent start/stop motion of the driver and uneven pedal application. This active attenuation can greatly increase real world vehicle fuel economy without a substantial effect on a driver&#39;s perception of the vehicle&#39;s performance. As discussed above, active attenuation may also be based on information from a navigation system  138  which would indicate whether the vehicle  110  is engaging in city or highway driving. 
     Although the above described embodiments focus on conforming a vehicle&#39;s performance to the driver&#39;s performance and fuel economy goals, it is also understood the active driver command manager  140  could be programmed to meet externally-devised goals, such as corporate goals associated with a fleet of vehicles. 
     It should be appreciated that the active driver command manager  140  is not limited to being used with conventional (i.e. internal combustion/thermal) engines. Active driver command manager  140  could be used with hybrid-electric, electric and fuel cell vehicles as well. All of the description above is equally applicable to such other energy sources. It is understood that instead of a chemical consumable (i.e. gasoline), the active driver command manager  140  could be configured to monitor electrical power consumption, for instance, to moderate battery usage in an electric vehicle. It is further understood that in hybrid power source vehicles (e.g., those with both electric and gasoline engines), the desired sweet spot might be an equilibrium between usage of both those propulsion systems. 
     It also should be appreciated that any or all of the driver command interpreter  130 , active driver command manager  140 , propulsion system control  150 , green driver index quantifier  160  or active green driver select control  162  can be implemented as software stored on a storage medium within the vehicle and run on the vehicle&#39;s computer system or in specialized hardware. It is further understood that active driver command manager  140  could be programmed by integration of a wireless or cellular network interface (not pictured). 
     Although this technology has been illustrated and described herein with reference to preferred embodiments and specific examples thereof, it will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that other embodiments and examples can perform similar functions and/or achieve like results. All such equivalent embodiments and examples are within the spirit and scope of the technology and are intended to be covered by the following claims.