Abstract:
Confidential information is protected from unauthorized or accidental disclosure by requiring a successful comparison of near end and far end passwords prior to a facsimile transmission of the confidential information.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   Facsimile (“fax”) machines provide the valuable ability to transmit documents quickly and easily from one location to another. One problem with their current capabilities, however, relates to the transmission of confidential information. Typically, a person sending a fax has little control over the document once it is sent. Fax machines are often shared in an office environment where it is possible, even likely, that parties other than the intended recipient will be able to view the document once it is received. The current state of affairs is that confidential information, such as employment or business information, which should not be shared, either is not sent by fax or runs the risk of being disclosed to others if it is sent by fax. 
   As a partial solution to this problem, there exist fax machines that have the ability to both receive a fax that contains confidential information and to store an electronic version of the fax until the recipient enters a password, at which time the electronic version is printed out on paper. This is only a partial solution, however, because the sending party cannot always know if the receiving fax machine has sufficient memory to store the confidential information. Additionally, the sending party cannot always know if the receiving fax machine has adequate security features to prevent access by interlopers. For example, a machine with adequate security features would limit the number of attempts to enter a password in order to prevent an unauthorized recipient from guessing the correct password. Consequently, if the receiving machine has insufficient or no memory, or if the machine has inadequate or no security features, then the confidential information is vulnerable to disclosure to parties other than the intended recipient. 
   This “receive and hold” solution has another drawback in that it requires both the sending and receiving machines to be adapted to control access to the confidential information. Even if the sender uses a “receive and hold” near-end machine (i.e., the machine operated by the sender), if the recipient is not equally equipped on the far end (i.e., the position of the recipient&#39;s machine), the transmission will not be completed successfully. This solution is, therefore, not universally employable. 
   It is therefore desirable to provide methods and devices for controlling the facsimile transmission of confidential information. 
   It is further desirable to control the facsimile transmission of confidential information regardless of whether a far-end fax machine has sufficient memory or security to maintain the confidentiality of transmitted information. 
   Other desires will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and claims. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   In accordance with the present invention, there are provided devices and methods for controlling a facsimile transmission of confidential information. A device envisioned by the present invention is adapted to allow transmission of near end, confidential information to a far end only if a comparison of a near end password with a far end password results in a match. The comparison is conducted at the near end prior to transmission for added security. 
   Such a device may comprise a facsimile machine, a PC modem, a chipset, digital signal processor or the like. In addition, the present invention envisions combining the above features with the capability of transmitting encrypted or non-encrypted confidential information. 
   Devices and methods envisioned by the invention may also comprise features and functions used to receive such confidential information as well. For example, the same (or different) device may also generate a notification signal upon receipt of a near end, password request signal or an instruction signal to prompt a far end, intended recipient to enter a password or distribution instructions, respectively. 
   The present invention and its advantages can be best understood with reference to the drawings, detailed description of the invention, and claims that follow. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  depicts a device for controlling the facsimile transmission of confidential information according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
       FIG. 2  depicts a device for controlling the facsimile transmission of confidential information according to another embodiment of the present invention. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     FIG. 1  shows a device  100  adapted to control the facsimile transmission of confidential information. In an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, device  100  may be part of a larger device, such as a fax machine. That said, the present invention also envisions device  100  as comprising a stand-alone device as well. It should be understood that the devices and other units shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , are just some of the units making up a fax machine or the like. 
   When shown as separate units, some or all of the units in  FIGS. 1 and 2  may be combined into a single unit or device. Likewise, the units may be further broken down into additional units that perform substantially the same functions and operate in substantially the same manner as the separate units. Though referred to as a fax “machine,” it should be understood that the device  100  may take the form and shape of any device that transmits confidential information via facsimile, or controls the facsimile transmission of confidential information. In alternative embodiments of the invention, the device  100  may comprise a PC modem/fax board, chipset, digital signal processor, or the like. 
   One example of how the device  100  operates to control the facsimile transmission of confidential information is as follows. 
   In an illustrative embodiment of the invention, the device  100  comprises a near-end fax machine. As depicted in  FIG. 1 , the device  100  comprises comparison unit or means  101  adapted to control the facsimile transmission of confidential information. In one embodiment of the invention, the comparison unit  101  is first adapted to compare a far-end password, received via pathway P PW , against a near-end password stored in the comparison unit  101  or elsewhere within device  100  or within a device connected to device  100 . Though referred to as a password, it should be understood that the password may take the form of any signal that can be used to control the transmission of, and access to, confidential information. In alternative embodiments of the invention, the password may commonly comprise a personal identification number (PIN), alpha-numeric characters or the like. 
   The comparison unit  101  is further adapted to allow the transmission of a facsimile to far end device  200  via pathway F 1 , input into or stored within device  100 , using means known in the art, only if the comparison above results in a match. Thus, unlike existing devices and methods which transmit facsimiles and then compare passwords at the far end, the present invention completes the comparison at the near end before a facsimile is sent to a far end or intermediate device. 
     FIG. 1  shows an additional embodiment of the present invention in which the device  100  further comprises encryption unit or means  102 . The encryption unit  102  may be adapted to utilize any number of techniques. For example, the encryption unit may be adapted to generate pretty-good-privacy (“PGP”)-like, encrypted transmissions which may be decrypted at a far end using public and/or private decryption keys. 
   Additionally,  FIG. 1  shows a device  200 , which, for example, may comprise a far end fax machine. As shown, the device  200  comprises decryption unit or means  202  adapted to decrypt confidential information sent via pathway P e . 
     FIG. 2  shows a further embodiment of the present invention, in which the far end device  200  further comprises notification unit or means  201 . The notification unit  201  is adapted to generate and/or transmit a notification signal along pathway S N  to an intended recipient upon receipt of a password request signal from the near end device via pathway P R . Though shown as three pathways, it should be understood that P PW , P r  and P E  may comprise any number of pathways, including only one. 
   The notification signal is intended to be used to notify an intended recipient that communications between the near end fax  100  and far-end fax  200  have begun, and that the near end fax  100  is awaiting the input and transmission of the far end password, P Pw . This spares the recipient the time-consuming experience of waiting by the far end fax  200  for a transmission to begin or end before entering a password. 
   The exact nature of the notification signal may vary depending upon the needs of the recipient (e.g., how close the recipient is to the fax machine). For example, the notification signal S N  may comprise audible signals intended for one or more recipients, display signals for displaying the identity of one or more intended recipients, or alternatively, may comprise signals compatible with a printer for printing out a cover sheet indicating the names or identifications of one or more intended recipients, to name just a few examples. 
   In alternative embodiments of the invention, the notification signal S N  may be sent to a recipient via a recipient&#39;s local area network (LAN), wireless computing device, electronic mail (e-mail) device, pager, or a voice device. Additionally, the notification signal S N  may comprise any number of communication signals such as an analog signal or a digital signal. 
   In an additional illustrative embodiment of the present invention, once an intended recipient has input a correct password and once confidential information is received, it may be distributed as follows. 
   In an illustrative embodiment of the invention, the notification unit  201  is further adapted to generate a “distribution request signal” which it sends to the recipient along pathway S N . The distribution request signal is intended to prompt an intended recipient to instruct the far end device  200 , via signals sent along pathway, S DI , how to distribute the confidential information. The distribution instructions may comprise any number of instructions. For example, the distribution instructions may comprise instructions to transmit the received confidential facsimile information to an output unit. In alternative embodiments of the invention, the output unit may take the form and shape of any device adapted to output the received confidential facsimile information to the recipient. In alternative embodiments of the invention, the output unit may comprise a far end printer, a LAN, a wireless computing device, or an e-mail device. 
   As with the pathways between the near end device  100  and far end device  200 , the pathways between the far end device  200 , that is, S N  and S DI , may be combined into one or further broken down into more than two pathways. 
   In alternative embodiments of the present invention, some or all of the functions and features of the near end device  100  and the far end device  200  can be combined into one device. 
   Though the description above has focused on devices, the present invention also envisions methods for controlling the transmission of confidential facsimile information. 
   It is to be understood that changes and variations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention as defined by the claims that follow.