Abstract:
This device converts the intrinsic magnetic force of permanent magnets into a useful output. The three-pole permanent magnets configuration comprises of two elongated bar magnets ( 1,2 ) having two opposite magnetic polarities divided by a longitudinal plane. One magnet ( 1 ) is referred to as the movable magnet and the other magnet ( 2 ) is referred to as the stationary magnet and is located juxtaposed and perpendicular to a broad side surface of the movable magnet. The interaction of the intrinsic magnetic forces of the two magnets ( 1,2 ) results in a torque forcing the movable magnet to move in its longitudinal direction ( 37 ) relative to the stationary magnet. A plurality of such three-pole permanent magnets configurations are provided around the periphery of a rotary wheel ( 8 ) to provide a rotary torque output.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to a magnetic device for converting the intrinsic magnetic force of permanent magnets into a useful torque. The unit torque is derived basically from a three-pole permanent magnets configuration consisting of two elongated bar magnets each having opposite magnetic polarities on two broad side surfaces divided by a longitudinal plane; one of the bar magnet is referred to as the movable magnet and the other bar magnet is referred to as the stationary magnet and located juxtaposed and perpendicular to a broad side surface of the first bar magnet having a single magnetic polarity. A torque is developed by the interaction between the north and south polarities at the end of the stationary bar magnet facing the single magnetic polarity of the broad side surface of the movable bar magnet to cause the movable bar magnet to move in its longitudinal direction relative to the stationary bar magnet. A plurality of such three-pole permanent magnets configurations may be provided around the periphery of a rotary wheel to provide a continuous rotary torque. Such configuration of converting intrinsic magnet force of permanent magnets to useful torque output has not heretofore been achieved. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is a principal object of the present invention to provide a unique three-pole permanent magnets configuration for converting the intrinsic magnet forces of permanent magnets into useful output torque. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide a multi-pole permanent magnets configuration consisting of a plurality of three-pole permanent magnets configuration to provide a large output torque. 
     It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a device which is operative with a low electrical power to provide a relatively large output torque. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS: 
     Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the drawings in which 
     FIG. 1 is a perspective elevation view illustrating a single three-pole permanent magnet forced mechanism; 
     FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a double (two-way) three-pole permanent magnet force with the relationship of neighboring magnets; 
     FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the location of wheel magnets and station magnets on a rotary wheel of the present invention; 
     FIG. 4 is a cross-section view along section line A—A of FIG. 3; 
     FIG. 5 is an isolated partial sectional side elevation view of a two-phase (two-way) station; 
     FIG. 6 is an isolated partial sectional side elevation view of another embodiment in which the station magnets are located respectively above and below the associated wheel magnet. 
     FIG. 7 is an isolated partial sectional side elevation view of a station and a part of the rotary wheel according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 8 is a perspective elevation view of the reverse and overspin protector cam gear; 
     FIG. 9 is a front elevation view of the reverse and overspin protector cam gear; 
     FIG. 10 is a sectional side elevation view of the reverse and overspin protector cam gear; 
     FIG. 11 is a perspective elevation view of the cam gear key and spring according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 12 is an electrical wiring diagram for the DC twister and its activating switch; 
     FIG. 13 is an isolated elevation of the switch conductor; 
     FIG. 14 is an elevation side view of the DC (Direct Current) twister; 
     FIG. 15 is a sectional side elevation view along section line B—B of the DC twister of FIG.  14 . 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     With reference to the drawings 
     FIG. 1 shows the location of two permanent magnets  1  and  2  to form a single three-pole permanent magnet force placement mechanism in which each magnet has a north pole and south pole. The two poles of the permanent magnet  2  are located substantially perpendicular to the single pole of the permanent magnet  1 , the reacting magnetic force between the two magnets urges the magnet  1  to move in the direction of the arrow  37  when the permanent magnet  2  is fixed in position. This mechanism provides the basic structure of the device of the present invention. 
     FIG. 2 shows, according to the present invention, a two-way, or hereinafter referred to as two-phase three-pole permanent magnet and its neighboring magnets. There are five magnetic poles reacting with one another on each side, i.e. each phase of the neighboring magnets  1  and  1   a , such that the total composition has two phases and ten magnetic poles reacting with one another. The magnetic repulsion and attraction composition forces between the various magnetic poles are activated and in motion in an active area  4  which begins at  4   a  and ends at  4   b . When magnets  2  and  2   a  are held in a fixed position, magnet  1  and  1   a  are forced to move towards the direction of the arrow  37 . A gap  3  forms an extension of the active area of wheel magnets  1  and  1   a . This gap can be greater or equal to zero. 
     The total composition force of a unit is the sum of the repulsion and attraction forces between the wheel magnet  1 , and the station magnets,  2  and  2   a , plus the sum of the repulsion and attraction forces between its two neighboring wheel magnets  1   a  which are located on both the left and right sides respectively of the wheel magnet  1 , and the station magnets,  2  and  2   a.    
     An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, which has an even number, greater than or equal to four, depending on the size of the rotary wheel on which the wheel magnets are mounted, of wheel magnet  1  and  1   a , mounted in a circular ring fashion on the surface of a rotary wheel  8  and are located radially from the center of the rotary wheel. The number of wheel magnet  1  equals to the number of wheel magnet  1   a ; and the polarities of each wheel magnet  1  and the associated wheel magnet  1   a  are in opposition at each unit location or unit station  52  of the rotary wheel. All wheel magnets  1  and all wheel magnets  1   a  are located equidistant from corresponding neighboring wheel magnets  1  and  1   a  respectively. Each unit station  52  contains station magnets  2  and  2   a  which provide the two-way three-pole permanent magnetic forces. The polarities of the station magnet  2   a  are opposite to those of the station magnet  2  facing towards the wheel magnet  1 . Each DC twister  6  is coupled to one unit of a reverse and overspin protector  10 , electrical contact arms  15  adapted for conducting an input voltage to the DC twister, two sets of spur gear  11 , and rotary shafts  12 ,  19 , and  19   a  which are mounted to a station frame  5 . The unit station  52  is mounted onto an enclosure  7   b  of a fixed main frame. The total number of unit stations  52  placed on the enclosure  7   b  is an odd number which is less than the number of wheel magnets  1  and  1   a  provided. All unit stations  52  are placed at equal distances from one another on the surface of the rotary wheel  8  around the circular ring at which the wheel magnets  1  and  1   a  are located. 
     A rotary wheel  8  is mounted rotatably to a rotary shaft  16 . The electrical input for activating the DC twister  6  is provided, for example, by a mechanical switching assembly consisting of an electrical conductor  17   a  mounted on the shaft  16  and electrical conducting members  17  mounted to the enclosure  7   b . and bearings  14  are provided between the shaft  16  and the enclosure  7  and  7   b . The electrical current for operating the DC twister  6  flows from an electrical source  36   a  through electrical contact points  21  and  21   a  (see FIG. 7) located on the rotary wheel  8  and electrical contact arms  15  mounted on the station frame  5 . The electrical contact points  21  and  21   a  come in contact with the electrical contact arms  15  when the rotary wheel  8  is rotating. 
     As shown in FIG. 5, at a unit station  52 , a shaft  19  is coupled directly to the DC twister  6 , the cam gear  10  and the station magnet  2 . Similarly, a shaft  19   a  is coupled to the station magnet  2   a.    
     Station magnets  2  and  2   a , rotate simultaneously in the same direction as a shaft  12  and a spur gear  11  such that the polarities of these magnets  2  and  2   a  are always in opposition. As shown, the position of the electrical contact arm  15  is located at the position during the activation at which the DC twister is connected to the DC power source. At such activation, the DC twister  6  will rotate the station magnets through 180 degrees, or close to 180 degrees. With such rotation, the polarities of station magnets  2  and  2   a  will each change upon such rotation. The reverse and overspin protecting cam gear  10  protect the station magnets  2  and  2   a  against rotating in the reverse and overspinning beyond 180 degrees. The position of the cam gear may be manually adjusted according to the rotating capability of the twister. The total number of gears is greater than or equal to 2. 
     FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment in which the magnet  2  and  2   a  are located respectively below and above the associated wheel magnet  1  to provide the same desired result. 
     As best shown in FIG. 7, electrical contact points  21  and  21   a  are located on the rotary wheel  8 . A specific location is required when the center-line (geometric neutral plane) of station magnets  2  and  2   a  reaches  4   a  or  4   b  (turning point-see FIG.  2 ). Electrical contact points  21  and  21   a  on the rotary wheel  8 , and electrical contact arms  15  at the unit station  52  must connect with each other until the DC twister has fully rotated the station magnet for 180 degrees or close to 180 degrees. Electrical contact points  21  and  21   a  provide current of different polarities to the DC twister, and these polarities change alternately as shown in the wiring diagram FIG.  12 . The number of electrical contact points  21  is equal to the number of wheel magnet  1 , and the number of the electrical contact points  21   a  is equal to the number of wheel magnet  1   a . The electrical contact arm  15  is directly connected to the DC twister. The active area (see FIG. 2) represents the wheel as it is forced to rotate in the direction of the arrow  37 . A shaft retainer  13  is provided at the end of each rotary shaft. 
     FIG. 8 shows the reverse and overspin protector cam gear. An overspin protection gear  22  and a reverse spin protection gear  23  are provided, which may be manually adjusted on the shaft according to a desired requirement. The total number of reverse spin protection gear  23  is greater than or equal to 2. As the cam gear rotates in the direction of the arrow  37 , a spring  24  constantly forces a lock key  25  down as shown in FIG. 9. A bolt  26  is used to secure the lock key  25  to the unit station  52  as shown in FIG.  11 . 
     FIG. 12 is a wiring diagram which shows the wiring sequence of an electrical source  34  for operating the DC twister  6 . Switches  32  and  33  represent the electrical contact points materials  21  and  21   a  and the electrical contact arm  15 . 
     FIG. 13 shows the detailed construction of the switches. Electrical current flows in the direction of the arrow  36 , and electrical conducting material  39  represents electrical contact points  21  and  21   a . Electrical conducting members  27  represent the electrical contact arm  15 . Each electrical conducting member  27  is attached to a flexible electrical conducting spring  28  which is, in turn, mounted onto the unit station  52 . An electrical insulator  29  is located on the top of the electrical contact point  21  to provide a time delay between the two sides of the contact point successively coming in contact with the electrical conducting members  27  during operation. An insulator having a wider width will result in a longer time delay period. 
     Alternatively, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the entire mechanical assembly for operating the DC twister may be provided by an electronic switching means. 
     The construction of the twister  6  is best shown in FIGS. 14 and 15. It resembles a common electric motor; however, the twister can only rotate precisely 180 degrees, or close to 180 degrees, when it is activated. The spacing between an iron-core electromagnet  31  and a permanent magnet rotor  30  in the twister is narrow at one end  38  and wider at the other end  37 . This causes the permanent magnet rotor  30  to rotate in one specific direction only; in this case, it will rotate in the clockwise direction (i.e. the direction of the wider end as it begins to narrow corresponding with the direction of rotation of the permanent magnet rotor  30 ). The current flows in the direction of the arrow  36  (refer to the wiring diagram in FIG.  12 ). The twister must have enough power to drive station magnets  2  and  2   a . A twister provided with a plurality of permanent magnet rotor  30  and iron-core electromagnets  31  and  31   a  is shown in FIG.  15 . The plurality of rotors  30  are mounted on the same shaft such that it causes the smaller diameter of the rotor to spin faster than that of the larger diameter. Such twister may be used to provided a high power if required. 
     The rotary wheel  8  is rotated by the three-pole permanent magnetic force provided by the neighboring wheel magnets and the station magnets (1 phase 5 poles or 2 phase 10 poles). Station magnets  2  and  2   a  is rotated 180 degrees, or close to 180 degrees, by the twister  6 . All activating electrical switches for the twisters are individually operating; one unit at a time. Therefore, electricity is continuously required for only a single unit of DC twister to obtain the attraction and repulsion forces of the wheel magnets on the rotary wheel and station magnets. 
     To obtain a higher output torque or power, an increasing number and/or larger and stronger wheel magnets and station magnets can be used, depending on the size of the rotary wheel on which these magnets are mounted. 
     The total moment force on the rotary wheel may be expressed in the following formula without consideration of friction and the magnetic fields of the station magnets are limited to the length of a wheel magnet: 
     
       
           TF=R ( S 1 +S 2 +S 3+ . . . Sn− 1)−{ R ( Sn−P )+ EM 1} 
       
     
     in which: TF is the total moment force on the rotary wheel. 
     R is the radius of the rotary wheel. 
     S 1  is the first station total composition force over wheel magnets. 
     Sn is the last station total composition force when the station magnets are rotating. 
     P is the external magnetic force. 
     EM 1  is (if applicable) the rotating net force for the twister. 
     A larger unit of rotary wheel is able to produce its own electricity with a sub unit generator which recycles (Alternate) DC power to rotate the twister. A very low input electricity results in a large output torque. This process is the main purpose of this invention. 
     This rotary wheel will rotate when it is applied with EM 1  (Alternated Electric force for twister) and when TF is positive (greater than 0) 
     Statement of three-pole motion: 
     The motion of three-pole attraction and repulsion magnetic forces are in the same direction at the same time. 
     There are two types of forces acting on the rotary wheel: 
     1. External—The station magnets are rotated by an external electrical force provided by the twister. Station magnets are drivers and wheel magnets are followers. 
     2. Internal—Applicable magnetic composition forces, described as three-pole, five-pole, or ten-pole, are the inherent internal magnetic forces possessed by all the magnets. 
     External electricity activates the twister which rotates the station magnets 180 degrees at a time. As the station magnets rotate, their magnetic polarities are constantly varying alternately from north to south, or south to north. The turning point of rotation of the station magnets is shown in FIG. 2, illustrated by line  4   a  or  4   b . These lines occur between two wheel magnets. Within the active area (FIGS. 2,  4 ), repulsion and attraction composition forces are active and in motion. When the station magnets are rotating, they provide the external forces for rotating the rotary wheel in a specific direction. When the polarities of the station magnets change, at lines  4   a  or  4   b , the three-pole structure is established. As soon as this structure has been established, the internal composition forces begin until the next turning point (FIG. 2, active area  4 ). The repetition of this cycle makes the rotary wheel rotating continuously.