Abstract:
A heat exchanging apparatus has a flow path with air tightness formed by joining a second sheet to a first sheet formed by bending the first sheet by stamping and fluid introduced into the flow path impinges on a wall of the flow path to perform heat exchange. A material constituting the flow path may be a metal sheet or an electrically-conductive plastic, and a small-sized and light-weight heat exchanging apparatus can be manufactured at a low cost.

Description:
BACKGROUND ART 
       [0001]    The present invention relates to a heat exchanging apparatus for heating or cooling fluid instantaneously. 
         [0002]    As a heat exchanging apparatus, for example, there is an apparatus for heating gas. A mechanism generally frequently used is a mechanism for heating gas by causing the gas to pass through a heated pipe. Alternatively, there is a mechanism for heating gas by causing heated fluid to a pipe with fins and causing the gas to pass through between the fins. 
         [0003]    These mechanisms are frequently used not only for gas but also to heat liquid or produce steam of water. An apparatus for cooling gas opposite to heating gas also has a similar mechanism. 
         [0004]    This structure is popular and has a history, but an apparatus having the structure requires a large volume. The reason is because efficiency of heat exchange between fluid flowing in a pipe and the pipe is poor. 
         [0005]    A mechanism having a popular structure for improving the heat exchange efficiency of the popular structure has been proposed. Examples of the mechanism are shown in  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 . 
         [0006]      FIG. 1  shows a diagram of one example where a heating mechanism so-called “impinging jet” has been realized, which is shown in Re-publication of PCT International Publication No. WO2006/030526. Gas which has passed through a pipe to impinge on a heated hollow disc to perform heat exchange with the disc. A lamp heater for heating is not shown. 
         [0007]      FIG. 2  is a diagram of an apparatus where a flow path for performing heat exchange efficiently by impinging of gas on a base body is arranged on a surface of the base body to generate heating gas, which is shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-162332. A conventional example having an efficient heat exchanging structure shown in  FIG. 2  is utilized in the present invention. 
         [0008]    The heat exchange shown in  FIG. 2  will be described. In  FIG. 2 , a structure of a flow path for gas is shown. The flow path is formed by cutting the surface of the base body made of carbon. Many longitudinal groove narrow flow paths increasing a flow rate of gas are formed by cutting. Gas which has passed through the narrow flow paths impinges lateral-groove flow paths communicating with the longitudinal groove flow paths at a right angle at a high speed to perform heat exchange with the high-temperature carbon at a high efficiency. This heat exchange occurs on the carbon surface repeatedly by the number of impinging, so that gas is heated to a temperature substantially equal to the temperature of the carbon. 
         [0009]    Since a velocity of gas with a flow rate of 100 SLM passing through a section of 1 cm 2  is calculated to be 16 m/s, a time period required for the gas to pass through an apparatus with the flow path section of having a length of 10 cm is 0.01 seconds or less. That is, gas is heated up to the temperature of the heated carbon instantaneously. The structure provided by  FIG. 2  makes instantaneous heat exchange possible. 
         [0010]    The apparatuses for heating gas instantaneously to jet high-temperature gas are applied to not only heating and drying but also a step of heating various materials (metal, dielectric and the like) applied to a substrate to bake them. These apparatuses are also effective for heating such liquid as water. 
         [0011]    The apparatus for cooling gas instantaneously is applied to cooling steam from a turbine, cooling refrigerant for an air conditioner, cooling exhaust gas from a boiler, and the like. The application to cooling refrigerant is promising in geothermal power generation paid attention to recently. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0012]    The present invention relates to an apparatus for performing heating of fluid such as gas or liquid instantaneously or cooling of the same instantaneously efficiently. 
         [0013]    It is desired to manufacture an apparatus for heating or cooling gas at a high efficiency at a low cost. That is, it is desired to manufacture an apparatus having the flow path structure shown in  FIG. 2 . The structure shown in  FIG. 2  is made by cutting a surface of a base body material. When cutting is easy, a cutting cost is not expensive. However, when the base body is made of such hard material as metal, it takes time to work a groove having a width of 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm and a depth of 2 mm, 3 mm or 5 mm deeply by using an end mill and it is not easy. This cutting work obstructs reduction of a manufacturing cost. 
         [0014]    If the working for formation of the flow path shown in  FIG. 2  is made easy, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. If the manufacturing cost is reduced, an industry for application of a heat exchanging apparatus is expanded. 
         [0015]    A basic structure of the present invention to solve the problem is shown in  FIG. 3 . 
         [0016]    In manufacture of the structure shown in  FIG. 3 , grooves through which gas for performing heat exchange passes are manufactured by cutting a surface of the base body. A closed flow path having air tightness is formed by pressing a sheet member on to the base body formed with the grooves. 
         [0017]    A structure shown in  FIG. 3  is obtained by using a die to form grooves by stamping and utilizing the grooves as flow paths for fluid. The structure in  FIG. 3  is a structure obtained by bonding a flow path sheet  301  manufactured with a groove structure defining flow paths and a sealing sheet  302  for closing the flow paths in an air-tight manner. The grooves are composed of lateral grooves opened outward on a lateral face of the flow path sheet  301  and elongated in one direction, the lateral grooves being formed in another direction at predetermined intervals in a plural stage fashion, where lateral grooves adjacent to each other are caused to communicate with each other via a plurality of longitudinal grooves perpendicular to the lateral grooves. A flow path is formed such that fluid introduced into a lateral groove positioned on one end of the flow path flows to a lateral groove positioned on the other end of the flow path via a lateral groove and a longitudinal groove, and fluid introduced into the flow path impinges on a wall of the flow path perpendicularly to perform heat exchange and it is caused to flow out of a fluid outlet port at the other end of the flow path. Since the flow path sheet  301  which has been manufactured with the flow path structure can be manufactured by a die stamping, repetitive manufacture can be performed simply. As the sheets, selection can be made variously from an iron sheet, a plated steel sheet, a stainless steel sheet, an aluminum sheet, a brass sheet, and the like. When the flow path sheet and the sealing sheet are made of metal, joining between these two sheets can be performed by adhesion using electric welder (a tool for causing large current to flow to contact faces to join both the contact faces), electric welding, argon welding, silver solder welding, crimping performed for a canned food. 
         [0018]    A fluid inlet  303  and a fluid outlet  304  have been formed in the flow path sheet  301  in this example, but they may be formed in the sealing sheet  302 . 
         [0019]    A narrow groove constituting the flow path is called “channel (indicated by a symbol CH). The width of the channel has a width of 2 mm, a depth of 2 mm and a length of 6 mm, for example. The shapes of channels CH 1 , CH 2 , CH 3 , CH 4 , CH 5  and CH 6  can be designed arbitrarily. The numbers of the channels can be designed arbitrarily. The lateral groove extending perpendicularly to the plurality of channels to connect them is called “tab (indicated by a symbol T”). Fluid which has passed through a channel impinges on a wall of a tab. A width of the tab is 5 mm, a depth thereof is 5 mm and a length thereof is 5 cm, for example. The shapes and the numbers of tabs T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , T 4 , and T 5  can be designed arbitrarily. 
         [0020]    A lateral groove connecting to the fluid inlet  303  is called “buffer tab  305 ”, and a lateral groove connecting to the fluid outlet  304  is called “buffer tab  306 ”. A width of the buffer tab is 15 mm, a depth thereof is 5 mm and a length thereof is 5 cm, for example. The shapes of these buffer tabs can be designed arbitrarily. 
         [0021]      FIG. 3B  is a sectional view taken along line X-X in  FIG. 3A . A joined portion between the flow path sheet  301  and the sealing sheet  302  is indicated by a symbol W. 
         [0022]      FIG. 3C  is a sectional view taken along line Y-Y in  FIG. 3A . The joined portion between the flow path sheet  301  and the sealing sheet  302  is indicated by a symbol W. Fluid  307  which has been accelerated in the channel CH powerfully impinges on a wall of a tab perpendicularly to perform heat exchange with the flow path sheet  301 . A member obtained by bonding the flow path sheet  301  and the sealing sheet  302  is called “bonded sheets”, and a heat exchanger provided with the bonded sheets is called “bonded heat exchanging apparatus”. When the bonded sheets are heated to reach a high temperature, the fluid  307  is heated. 
         [0023]    When the flow path sheet  301  and the sealing sheet  302  are cooled to reach a low temperature, the fluid  307  is cooled. 
         [0024]    If the bonded sheets are metal sheets, the flow path forming and the bonding can be performed easily, so that manufacturing a heat exchanging apparatus can be performed at a low cost. 
         [0025]    As the material for constituting the bonded sheets, there are heat-conductive plastics. For example, there are plastic complex materials mixed with carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon fibers, metal fibers or the like. Since die stamping and connection work to these composite materials are possible, a bonded sheet made plastic of composite material is also utilized in manufacture of the heat exchanging apparatus  300  instead of the metal sheet. 
         [0026]    Further, when a surrounding material or fluid contacting with the heat exchanging apparatus has corrosiveness, it is also possible to line, paint or sheet a surface of the material of the heat exchanging apparatus  300 . Further, it is possible to oxide the surface of the material to protect the heat exchange apparatus  300  with an oxidized film. 
         [0027]    Screwing can be adopted for joining bonded sheets. A rubber packing, a carbon packing, another sealing packing can be used for joining for bonded sheets. 
         [0028]    The joining using adhesive is possible. 
         [0029]    The fluid may be gas containing air or liquid containing water. 
         [0030]    Water is special material. Since water can be used as material for steam gas without preparing gas particularly, it can be utilized as gas which does not contain oxygen gas. 
         [0031]    High-temperature steam having a temperature exceeding 100° C. is high in ability for decomposing organic matter. When high-temperature steam having a temperature of about 1000° C. is caused to contact with organic waste such as meat, vegetable, wood piece, or plastics, the molecules of the waste are cut or decomposed so that gas containing hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen is generated. 
         [0032]    Even if a temperature of steam is lower than this temperature (about 1000° C.), for example, when high-temperature steam of about 300° C. is caused to contact with meat, the meat can be changed to soft meat to be bitten easily due to change of sinews in the meat. This can be applied to safe barbecue which does not use flame. 
         [0033]    The above gas having a high chemical potential extracted by causing the above high-temperature steam and waste to contact with each other can be reused as energy resource. Therefore, the bonded heat exchanging apparatus constitutes a treatment apparatus for organic waste. 
         [0034]    The heat exchanging apparatus  300  is a unit formed in a flat plate shape, but it may be formed in a triangular shape, a rectangular shape or another polygonal tube. When the heat exchanging apparatus  300  is manufactured from a plate shaped in a circular pipe instead of material of the flat plate shape, it can be formed in a cylindrical shape. 
         [0035]    The shapes and the number of fluid outlets  304  and fluid inlets  306  and positions to which the fluid outlets  304  and the fluid inlets  306  are attached may be designed arbitrarily. When a plurality of heat exchanging apparatuses  300  are connected, the plurality of heat exchanging apparatuses  300  can be connected in series by connecting the fluid inlets and the fluid outlets to one another, or the plurality of heat exchanging apparatuses  300  can also be connected in parallel by connecting the fluid inlets to each other and connecting the fluid outlets to one another. 
         [0036]    It is possible to attach a plurality of heat exchanging apparatuses  300  to a surface of another tube or plate without changing the shapes of the heat exchanging apparatuses  300 . 
         [0037]    It is possible to attach a heater to the heat exchanging apparatus  300  or put the heat exchanging apparatus  300  in heated medium in order to heat fluid. 
         [0038]    It has been found that it is effective to introduce air heated to a high temperature, for example, in order to enhance a combustion efficiency of a boiler. In order to achieve this object, it is desirable to cause the heat exchanging apparatus  300  to contact with a combustion chamber or an exhaust piping of the boiler or put the heat exchanging apparatus  300  in the combustion chamber or the exhaust piping to heat air and introduce the air which has been heated as heated air. 
         [0039]    In order to cool fluid, it is possible to cause cooling medium to contact with the heat exchanging apparatus  300  or put the heat exchanging apparatus  300  in low-temperature medium. 
         [0040]    For example, it is possible to cool high-temperature gas efficiently by causing the high-temperature gas from a turbine to pass through the heat exchanging apparatus  300  as fluid to immerse the heat-exchanging apparatus  300  in sea water and cool the same. 
         [0041]    There is such a case that it is desired to perform heat exchanging between first gas and second gas instantaneously. In order to achieve this object, it is desirable to join a first heat exchanging apparatus  300  and a second heat exchanging apparatus  300  to each other via sealing sheets  302  thereof in a back to back fashion and causing the first gas to pass through the first heat exchanging apparatus  300  while causing the second gas to pass through the second heat exchanging apparatus  300 . 
         [0042]    For example, when it is desired to cool ammonia used in geothermal power generation with air, it is desirable to utilize high-temperature ammonia gas as the first gas and utilize air as the second gas. 
         [0043]    First Embodiment: one or more embodiments of the present invention are heat exchanging apparatuses where a flow path having air tightness is formed by a structure having a second sheet joined to a first sheet having grooves formed by bending the first sheet by stamping, wherein the grooves are composed of lateral grooves opened outward at a side face of the first sheet, elongated in one direction and formed in another direction different from the one direction with predetermined intervals in a plural-stage fashion, and a plurality of longitudinal grooves causing the lateral grooves adjacent to each other to communicate with each other to connect the lateral grooves, the longitudinal grooves being perpendicular to the lateral grooves; a flow path through which fluid introduced into a lateral groove at one end of the flow path flows to a lateral groove at the other end of the flow path via the lateral grooves and the longitudinal grooves; and fluid introduced into the flow path impinges on a wall of the flow path perpendicularly to perform heat exchange and the fluid is caused to flow out of a fluid outlet port at the other end of the flow path. 
         [0044]    Second Embodiment: one or more embodiments of the present invention are heat exchanging apparatuses of the above first embodiment, wherein the first sheet and the second sheet are each either one of an iron sheet, a stainless steel sheet, an aluminum sheet, a brass sheet, and a plastic composite material sheet mixed with carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon fibers, or metal fibers. 
         [0045]    Third Embodiment: one or more embodiments of the present invention are heat exchanging apparatuses according to the above first embodiment or second embodiment, wherein a surface of the first sheet and the second sheet are each either one of lined with resin, painted, plated or oxidized to be coated with an oxide film. 
         [0046]    Fourth Embodiment: one or more embodiments of the present invention are heat exchanging apparatuses according to any one of the above first embodiment to third embodiment, wherein the sheets are joined by either one of a weld joint, a crimp joint, a screw joint, and an adhesive joint. A weld joint may be of the type formed by either one of joining using an electrical welder (a tool for causing large current to flow to contact faces to join both the contact faces), joining performed by electric welding, joining performed by argon welding, and joining performed by silver solder welding. A screw joint may be of the type formed by joining performed by screwing via a seal packing interposed between the sheets. 
         [0047]    Fifth Embodiment: one or more embodiments of the present invention are heat exchanging apparatuses according to any one of the above first embodiment to fourth embodiment, wherein the fluid is either one of gas containing air, liquid containing water, and gas containing radioactive element. 
         [0048]    Six Embodiment: one or more embodiments of the present invention are heat exchanging apparatuses according to any one of the above first embodiment to fifth embodiment, wherein the heat exchanging apparatus heats the fluid by adopting either one of the heat exchanging apparatus being attached with a heater and the heat exchanging apparatus being put in a high-temperature medium. 
         [0049]    Seventh Embodiment: one or more embodiments of the present invention are heat exchanging apparatuses according to any one of the above first embodiment to fifth embodiment, wherein the heat exchanging apparatus cools the fluid by adopting either one of the heat exchanging apparatus being caused to contact with a low-temperature medium and the heat exchanging apparatus being put in a low-temperature medium. 
         [0050]    Eighth Embodiment: one or more embodiments of the present invention are heat exchanging apparatuses having two heat exchanging apparatuses joined together, the heat exchanging apparatuses being any one of the above first embodiment to seventh embodiment to cause first fluid and second fluid to pass through the two heat exchanging apparatuses. 
         [0051]    Ninth Embodiment: one or more embodiments of the present invention are apparatuses which causes high-temperature steam produced by any one of the first embodiment to eighth embodiment and organic matter to contact with each other. 
         [0052]    According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, it is made possible to manufacture a heat exchanging apparatus for fluid by only forming a flow path for heat exchange on a bendable sheet, particularly a sheet metal by die stamping and welding another sheet metal to the bendable sheet without depending on cutting work to a base body which takes time. 
         [0053]    The number of steps is reduced so that a manufacturing cost of a heat exchanging apparatus can be reduced. 
         [0054]    As the material for the first sheet and the second sheet, a metal, a surface-treated metal, a resin-lined metal, a metal having a surface coated with an oxidized film, and a plastic composite material with an increased heat conductivity can be used. It is possible to select a material preventing corrosion or wearing due to contact with fluid or heat medium from these materials. 
         [0055]    Accordingly, it is possible to heat and cool fluid such as corrosive chemicals or toxic gas having permeability. 
         [0056]    According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, joining of two sheets can be performed simply. When the sheets are metal sheets, they can be joined by welding or using an electric welder. When the sheets are made of plastics, they can be joined by adhesive. Crimping is an easy method utilized for making a canned food. Since these methods for joining and forming are simple and an existing equipment can be used, a manufacturing cost at a manufacturing time of the heat exchanging apparatus can be reduced. 
         [0057]    According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, gas and liquid can be handled as the fluid. 
         [0058]    When oxygen is selected as the fluid, heated oxygen can be produced instantaneously. When hydrogen or formic acid is selected as the fluid, high-temperature reducing gas can be produced instantaneously. When an oxidized film on a bump surface is reduced, melting of the bump occurs at a low temperature with good reproducibility, so that a bump joining step becomes stable. 
         [0059]    When air and utility gas are selected as the fluid, it becomes possible to mix high-temperature air and fuel and introduce them into a boiler, a combustion temperature becomes high, and a combustion efficiency rises, which results in saving of the utility gas. The heated air elevates a combustion efficiency of an internal combustion engine, which can result in saving of fuel such as heavy oil. 
         [0060]    When water is changed to steam having a temperature of 100° C. or more, it becomes possible to perform heating or drying in a non-oxygen state. When mutton with a rib is roasted by steam having 300° C., sinews in the mutton became soft. 
         [0061]    Even in drying for dry cleaning disfavoring oxidation, or even in instantaneous drying of printing ink, high-temperature steam can be produced at hand to be utilized. 
         [0062]    When it is desired to heat material chips with a high adiabaticity included in a container, it takes much time for heating the container when the material chips have a high adiabaticity. 
         [0063]    In such a case, it is possible to heat or melt an adiabatic material in a short time by introducing heated steam, air, or nitrogen into the container. When it is desired to mix adiabatic materials different in melting temperature from each other, it is desirable to heat the respective materials by gas in advance. In such a case, gas heated to a desired temperature by the heat exchanging apparatus can be utilized. 
         [0064]    When a radioactive contaminant is cooled by water in a nuclear power plant, water radioactively contaminated is produced, so that it is troubling to treat the contaminated water. There is an idea for performing cooling with air so as not to produce contaminated water. In such a case, an apparatus for cooling a large amount of air in site instantaneously is required. Of course, the heat exchanging apparatus is suitable to achieve the object. 
         [0065]    According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, an electric heater or high-temperature exhaust gas can be used as a high-temperature medium in order to heat a heat exchanging apparatus. Since there is a risk of a skin burn at a high-temperature time, the heat exchanging apparatus is enclosed by an adiabatic material and is housed in a case. 
         [0066]    When a user desires to cool the heat exchanging apparatus to a low temperature, it is possible to cause the heat exchanging apparatus to contact with water serving as the low-temperature medium or immerse the heat exchanging apparatus in water. 
         [0067]    According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to exchange only heat between gas and gas, between liquid and gas, and between liquid and liquid without causing them to contact with each other. Since the contact is performed in a back to back fashion, a volume of the heat exchanging apparatus is small and a heat exchanging efficiency is high. A heat exchanging method which can avoid such a problem as corrosion or wearing, or toxicity is made possible by selecting a material for the heat exchanging apparatus. When this structure is used in an indoor unit and an outdoor unit of a cooler, a volume is small, which is different from a finned pipe having a large volume, so that such an effect that the indoor unit and the outdoor unit can be reduced in size, respectively can be achieved. 
         [0068]    According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to extract gas with high chemical potential from meat, vegetable or wood pieces to reuse the gas as a fuel resource. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         [0069]      FIG. 1  is a schematic view showing one example of a conventional gas heating apparatus; 
           [0070]      FIG. 2  (consisting of views labelled  FIGS. 2A ,  2 B,  2 C and  2 D) is a schematic view showing one example of a conventional gas heating apparatus; 
           [0071]      FIG. 3A  is a schematic view of a bonded heat exchanging apparatus,  FIG. 3B  is a sectional view of the bonded heat exchanging apparatus taken along line X-X in  FIG. 3A , and  FIG. 3C  is a sectional view of the bonded heat exchanging apparatus taken along line Y-Y in  FIG. 3A ; 
           [0072]      FIG. 4  is a schematic view of a heat exchanging apparatus with one side attached with a heater; 
           [0073]      FIG. 5A  is a schematic view of a bonded tubular heat exchanging apparatus, and  FIG. 5B  is a sectional view of the bonded tubular heat exchanging apparatus taken along line X-X in  FIG. 5A ; 
           [0074]      FIG. 6A  is a sectional view of a bonded cylindrical heat exchanging apparatus taken along line Y-Y in  FIG. 6B , and  FIG. 6B  is a sectional view of the bonded cylindrical heat exchanging apparatus taken along line X-X in  FIG. 6A ; 
           [0075]      FIG. 7A  is a schematic view of a back-to-back heat exchanging apparatus, and  FIG. 7B  is a sectional view of the back-to-back heat exchanging apparatus taken along line XX in  FIG. 7A ; and 
           [0076]      FIG. 8  is a schematic view of a bonded cylindrical heat exchanging apparatus which has been wholly immersed in heat medium. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0077]    A first example is shown in  FIG. 4 . 
         [0078]    A bonded heat exchanging apparatus  400  is manufactured from a stainless steel sheet. A flow path sheet  401  with a flow path formed by applying die stamping to a stainless steel sheet is manufactured. A depth of a tab of the flow path is 5 mm, a width thereof is 5 mm and a length thereof is 5 cm. Buffer tabs  403  and  404  having the same depth and length as those of the tab and having a width of 15 mm are provided at both ends of the flow path, and they are provided with a fluid inlet  405  and a fluid outlet  406  made of stainless steel pipes of ¼ inches through welding. A width of a channel is 2 mm, a length thereof is 6 mm, and a depth thereof is 2 mm. 
         [0079]    The above flow path sheet  401  and a sealing sheet  402  having a thickness of 2 mm are welded to each other to have air tightness. A flow path  407  serving as a flow path having air tightness is constituted of the flow path sheet  401  and the sealing sheet  402 , so that the bonded heat changing apparatus  400  is constituted. 
         [0080]    A heater  408  is bonded to the sealing sheet  402  of the bonded heat exchanging apparatus  400 , and ends of the sealing sheet  402  are bent to be welded to an adiabatic member  409 . The adiabatic member  409  is a member obtained by enclosing adiabatic material by a stainless steel sheet with a thickness of 0.05 mm in a bag shape. 
         [0081]    The heater  408  and the bonded heat exchanging apparatus  400  are surrounded by the adiabatic member  409  and they are fixed to a case  410  manufactured by a stainless steel sheet with a thickness of 1 mm. 
         [0082]    A power feeding wire of the heater  408  and a thermocouple for temperature measurement not shown go out of the case  410 . 
         [0083]    When air is introduced from the fluid inlet  405  while the temperature indicated by the thermocouple is controlled to be constant, heated air goes out of the fluid outlet  406 . When the temperature of the thermocouple is controlled in response to the temperature of the heated air, air having a temperature kept in a set temperature goes out. 
         [0084]    A second example is shown in  FIGS. 5A and 5B . 
         [0085]      FIG. 5A  is a schematic view of a bonded tubular heat exchanging apparatus  500  formed in a tubular shape so as to position a tubular sealing sheet  501  inside. Four flow path sheets  502 ,  503 ,  504 , and  505  separated from one another are formed on one tubular sealing sheet  501  made of one iron sheet such that a tube can be formed in a bending manner. Ends of the tubular sealing sheet  501  bent are welded to each other. 
         [0086]    Inlets  506  and  508  and outlets  507  and  509  of fluid  511  indicated by arrows in  FIG. 5B  are provided in the four flow path sheets  502 ,  503 ,  504 , and  505 . Though the inlets and the outlets are depicted in their released states, they are connected to other configurations in response to their objects. 
         [0087]    Heat medium  510  flows inside the tubular sealing sheet  501 . The heat medium  510  can be selected arbitrarily in response to an intended purpose of the tubular heat exchanging apparatus  500 . 
         [0088]    When the tubular heat exchanging apparatus  500  is connected to a combustion gas exhaust pipe of a boiler, combustion gas constitutes the heat medium  510 . When the fluid  511  is air, the air can be heated by the heat medium  510 . When heated air is used for combustion in a boiler, a combustion efficiency is enhanced. When the fluid  511  is water, high-temperature steam can be produced by heating the water. 
         [0089]    A third example is shown in  FIGS. 6A and 6B . 
         [0090]      FIGS. 6A and 6B  are schematic views showing a structure of a cylindrical heat exchanging apparatus  600  obtained by bonding a cylindrical flow path sheet  602  to a cylindrical sealing sheet  601 .  FIG. 6A  is a sectional view of the bonded cylindrical heat exchanging apparatus taken along line Y-Y in  FIG. 6B , and  FIG. 6B  is a sectional view of the bonded cylindrical heat exchanging apparatus taken along line X-X in  FIG. 6A . 
         [0091]    The cylindrical flow path sheet  602  forms a flow path for the heat medium  510 . The fluid  511  enters the flow path from a fluid inlet  603  and goes out of a fluid outlet  606  through cylindrical buffer tabs  604  and  605  of the cylindrical flow path sheet  602 . 
         [0092]    The heat medium  510  flows inside the cylindrical flow path sheet  602 . The heat medium  510  can be selected arbitrarily in response to an intended purpose of the cylindrical heat exchanging apparatus  600 . 
         [0093]    When the cylindrical heat exchanging apparatus  600  is connected to a combustion gas exhaust pipe of a boiler, combustion gas constitutes the heat medium  510 . When the fluid  511  is air, the air can be heated by the heat medium  510 . When heated air is used for combustion in a boiler, a combustion efficiency is enhanced. When the fluid  511  is water, high-temperature steam can be produced by heating the water. 
         [0094]    When cooling medium is utilized as the heat medium  510 , the fluid  511  is cooled. 
         [0095]    Accordingly, the structure can be utilized for heat exchange in an indoor unit or an outdoor unit of an air conditioner. Since a heat exchanging efficiency of the flow path structure is high, there is such a merit that the size of the indoor unit or the outdoor unit can be made smaller than that of a conventional equipment using pipes and fins. 
         [0096]    A fourth example is shown in  FIGS. 7A and 7B . 
         [0097]      FIGS. 7A and 7B  are schematic views showing a heat exchanging apparatus structure of two heat exchanging apparatuses bonded in a back-to-back fashion.  FIG. 7A  is a schematic view showing a structure obtained by bonding a first flow path sheet  701  and a second flow path sheet  702  to a sealing sheet  703  from both faces of the sealing sheet  703 . That is,  FIG. 7A  shows a structure of a back-to-back heat exchanging apparatus  700 . 
         [0098]      FIG. 7B  is a sectional view of the back-to-back heat exchanging apparatus  700  taken along line X-X in  FIG. 7A . 
         [0099]    First fluid  708  enters a flow path from a first fluid inlet  706  to be subjected to heat exchange by the first flow path sheet  701  and goes out of a first fluid outlet  704 . 
         [0100]    Second fluid  709  enters a flow path from a second fluid inlet  707  to be subjected to heat exchange by the second flow path sheet  702  and goes out of a second fluid outlet  705 . 
         [0101]    In the structure, the first fluid  708  and the second fluid  709  function as heat mediums to each other. 
         [0102]    That is, two fluids perform heat exchanges to each other via the heat exchanging apparatus  700  efficiently. 
         [0103]    A fifth embodiment is shown in  FIG. 8 . 
         [0104]      FIG. 8  is a schematic view showing a bonded heat exchanging apparatus which has been wholly immersed in heat medium. A heat exchanging apparatus  800  contacts with heat medium  801  via all faces thereof to be heated or cooled. The heat medium  801  may be heated liquid or gas. Further, the heat medium  801  may be cooled liquid or gas. 
         [0105]    As the heated liquid, there is water or air which has been heated by geothermal energy, and there is sea water as the cooled liquid. 
         [0106]    Though only one heat exchanging apparatus  800  is shown, many heat exchanging apparatuses may be immersed, they may be arranged in a regular fashion, they may be connected to one another in series or connected to one another in parallel, and arbitrary design can be adopted. 
         [0107]    The present invention provides a small-sized and light-weight part for producing a large amount of gas or liquid which has been heated up to a high temperature at a low price. An application field can involve drying of printed matter, a small-sized air conditioning equipment, heat exchange in a heating and cooling apparatus for material containing toxic substance or radioactive substance, or corrosive material, rapid producing of high-temperature steam, a heating and vaporizing apparatus for wastes, melding of industrial waste plastics, or the like. The present invention is suitable for a technique of heating and film-forming a solar cell or a flat panel display (FPD) on a large-sized substrate such as a glass substrate. 
         [0108]    The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described explicitly, and it includes variants and generalizations which are within the competence of the person skilled in the art. 
       REFERENCE NUMBERS IN THE DRAWINGS 
       [0000]    
       
           101  gas inlet 
           102  hollow disc 
           103  pipe 
           104  gas outlet 
           300  bonded heat exchanging apparatus 
           301 ,  401 ,  502 ,  503 ,  504 ,  505  flow path sheet 
           302 ,  402  sealing sheet 
           303 ,  405 ,  506 ,  508 ,  603 ,  802  fluid inlet 
           304 ,  406 ,  507 ,  509 ,  606 ,  803  fluid outlet 
           305 ,  306 ,  403 ,  404  buffer tab 
           307  fluid 
         CH 1 , CH 2 , CH 3 , CH 4 , CH 5 , CH 6  channel 
         T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , T 4 , T 5 , T 6  tab 
         W joining 
           400  bonded heat exchanging apparatus 
           407  flow path 
           408  heater 
           409  adiabatic member 
           410  case 
           411  power feeding wire 
           500  tubular heat exchanging apparatus 
           501  tubular sealing sheet 
           510  heat medium 
           511  liquid 
           600  bonded cylindrical heat exchanging apparatus 
           601  cylindrical sealing sheet 
           602  cylindrical flow path sheet 
           604 ,  605  cylindrical buffer tab 
           700  back-to-back heat exchanging apparatus 
           701  first fluid path sheet 
           702  second fluid flow path sheet 
           703  sealing sheet 
           704  first fluid outlet 
           705  second fluid outlet 
           706  first fluid inlet 
           707  second fluid inlet 
           708  first fluid 
           709  second fluid 
           800  bonded heat exchanging apparatus 
           801  heat medium