Abstract:
A coal deactivation treatment device for deactivating of coal by means of a treatment gas that is a mixture of air and nitrogen gas is provided with, among other things: a treatment column inside of which coal flows from the top to the bottom; treatment gas feed means, and the like, for feeding treatment gas to the inside of the treatment column; humidifying heaters for heating and humidifying the treatment gas such that the treatment gas fed to the inside of the treatment column can maintain a relative humidity of 35% or greater, even at 95° C.; a temperature sensor and a control device for adjusting the temperature inside the treatment column such that the inside of the treatment column is maintained at a relative humidity of 35% or greater and a temperature of 95° C. or lower.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0001]    The present invention relates to a coal deactivation processing apparatus configured to deactivate coal with processing gas containing oxygen. 
       BACKGROUND ART 
       [0002]    Dry-distilled coal has an activated surface, which tends to bond with oxygen. Accordingly, when the coal is stored as it is, heat generated by reaction with oxygen in air may cause the coal to spontaneously combust. In view of this, oxygen is first bonded to the surface of the dry-distilled coal by exposing the coal to a processing gas atmosphere containing oxygen and the coal is thereby deactivated. The spontaneous combustion in storage is thus prevented. 
       CITATION LIST 
     Patent Literatures 
       [0000]    
       
         Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-237011 
         Patent Literature 2: Pamphlet of International Patent Application Publication No. 95/13868 
       
     
       SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     Technical Problem 
       [0005]    When the coal is deactivated as described above, in an initial stage of the deactivation, the coal tends to rapidly react. The coal may thus increase in temperature and spontaneously combust. 
         [0006]    In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a coal deactivation processing apparatus capable of suppressing a temperature increase of coal being processed. 
       Solution to Problem 
       [0007]    A coal deactivation processing apparatus of a first aspect of the invention to solve the problem described above is a coal deactivation processing apparatus configured to deactivate coal with processing gas containing oxygen, characterized in that the coal deactivation processing apparatus comprises: an apparatus main body in which the coal flows from one side to another side; processing gas feeding means for feeding the processing gas into the apparatus main body; processing gas humidifying heating means for heating and humidifying the processing gas to be fed into the apparatus main body in such a way that a relative humidity of the processing gas is maintainable to be 35% or more even when a temperature of the processing gas is 95° C.; and apparatus main body internal-environment adjusting means for adjusting a temperature inside the apparatus main body in such away that the relative humidity inside the apparatus main body is 35% or more and a temperature inside the apparatus main body is 95° C. or less. 
         [0008]    A coal deactivation processing apparatus of a second aspect of the invention is the coal deactivation processing apparatus of the first aspect of the invention characterized in that the apparatus main body internal-environment adjusting means includes: apparatus main body internal-temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature inside the apparatus main body; processing gas oxygen concentration adjusting means for adjusting an oxygen concentration of the processing gas to be fed into the apparatus main body; and control means for controlling the processing gas oxygen concentration adjusting means on the basis of information from the apparatus main body internal-temperature measuring means. 
         [0009]    A coal deactivation processing apparatus of a third aspect of the invention is the coal deactivation processing apparatus of the second aspect of the invention characterized in that the processing gas feeding means includes: one-side feeding means for feeding the processing gas into the one side of the apparatus main body; and other-side feeding means for feeding the processing gas into the other side of the apparatus main body, the processing gas humidifying heating means includes: one-side humidifying heating means for heating and humidifying the processing gas to be fed into the one side of the apparatus main body in such a way that the relative humidity of the processing gas is maintainable to be 35% or more even when the temperature of the processing gas is 95° C.; and other-side humidifying heating means for heating and humidifying the processing gas to be fed into the other side of the apparatus main body in such a way that the relative humidity of the processing gas is maintainable to be 35% or more even when the temperature of the processing gas is 95° C., the apparatus main body internal-temperature measuring means includes one-side temperature measuring means for measuring a temperature inside the apparatus main body on the one side, the processing gas oxygen concentration adjusting means includes one-side oxygen concentration adjusting means for adjusting the oxygen concentration of the processing gas to be fed into the one side of the apparatus main body, and the control means controls the one-side oxygen concentration adjusting means on the basis of information from the one-side temperature measuring means. 
         [0010]    A coal deactivation processing apparatus of a fourth aspect of the invention is the coal deactivation processing apparatus of the first aspect of the invention characterized in that the apparatus main body internal-environment adjusting means includes: apparatus main body internal-temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature inside the apparatus main body; processing gas flow-rate adjusting means for adjusting a flow rate of the processing gas to be fed into the apparatus main body; and control means for controlling the processing gas flow-rate adjusting means on the basis of information from the apparatus main body internal-temperature measuring means. 
         [0011]    A coal deactivation processing apparatus of a fifth aspect of the invention is the coal deactivation processing apparatus of the fourth aspect of the invention characterized in that the processing gas feeding means includes: one-side feeding means for feeding the processing gas into the one side of the apparatus main body; and other-side feeding means for feeding the processing gas into the other side of the apparatus main body, the processing gas humidifying heating means includes: one-side humidifying heating means for heating and humidifying the processing gas to be fed into the one side of the apparatus main body in such a way that the relative humidity of the processing gas is maintainable to be 35% or more even when the temperature of the processing gas is 95° C.; and other-side humidifying heating means for heating and humidifying the processing gas to be fed into the other side of the apparatus main body in such a way that the relative humidity of the processing gas is maintainable to be 35% or more even when the temperature of the processing gas is 95° C., the apparatus main body internal-temperature measuring means includes one-side temperature measuring means for measuring a temperature inside the apparatus main body on the one side, the processing gas flow-rate adjusting means includes one-side gas flow-rate adjusting means for adjusting the flow-rate of the processing gas to be fed into the one side of the apparatus main body, and the control means controls the one-side gas flow-rate adjusting means on the basis of information from the one-side temperature measuring means. 
         [0012]    A coal deactivation processing apparatus of a sixth aspect of the invention is the coal deactivation processing apparatus of the first aspect of the invention characterized in that the apparatus main body internal-environment adjusting means includes: apparatus main body internal-temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature inside the apparatus main body; cooling water flow means for causing cooling water to flow inside the apparatus main body; and control means for controlling the cooling water flow means on the basis of information from the apparatus main body internal-temperature measuring means. 
         [0013]    A coal deactivation processing apparatus of a seventh aspect of the invention is the coal deactivation processing apparatus of the sixth aspect of the invention characterized in that the processing gas feeding means includes: one-side feeding means for feeding the processing gas into the one side of the apparatus main body; and other-side feeding means for feeding the processing gas into the other side of the apparatus main body, the processing gas humidifying heating means includes: one-side humidifying heating means for heating and humidifying the processing gas to be fed into the one side of the apparatus main body in such a way that the relative humidity of the processing gas is maintainable to be 35% or more even when the temperature of the processing gas is 95° C.; and other-side humidifying heating means for heating and humidifying the processing gas to be fed into the other side of the apparatus main body in such a way that the relative humidity of the processing gas is maintainable to be 35% or more even when the temperature of the processing gas is 95° C., the apparatus main body internal-temperature measuring means includes one-side temperature measuring means for measuring a temperature inside the apparatus main body on the one side, the cooling water flow means includes one-side flow means for causing the cooling water to flow inside the apparatus main body on the one side, and the control means controls the one-side flow means on the basis of information from the one-side temperature measuring means. 
       Advantageous Effects of Invention 
       [0014]    In the coal deactivation processing apparatus of the present invention, the processing gas humidifying heating means heats and humidifies the processing gas to be fed into the apparatus main body in such a way that the relative humidity of the processing gas is maintainable to be 35% or more even when the temperature of the processing gas is 95° C., and the apparatus main body internal-environment adjusting means adjusts the temperature inside the apparatus main body in such a way that the relative humidity inside the apparatus main body is 35% or more and the temperature inside the apparatus main body is 95° C. or less. Accordingly, it is possible to always maintain the inside of the processing tower at a temperature of 95° C. or less and at a relative humidity of 35% or more and suppress a temperature increase of coal being processed. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         [0015]      FIG. 1  is a schematic configuration diagram of a first embodiment of a coal deactivation processing apparatus of the present invention. 
           [0016]      FIG. 2  is a schematic configuration diagram of a second embodiment of a coal deactivation processing apparatus of the present invention. 
           [0017]      FIG. 3  is a schematic configuration diagram of a third embodiment of a coal deactivation processing apparatus of the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
       [0018]    Embodiments of a coal deactivation processing apparatus of the present invention are described below based on the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below based on the drawings. 
       First Embodiment 
       [0019]    A first embodiment of the coal deactivation processing apparatus of the present invention is described based on  FIG. 1 . 
         [0020]    As shown in  FIG. 1 , on a processing tower  111  in which dry-distilled coal  1  flows from an upper side being one side to a lower side being another side, there is provided a supply chamber  112  configured to supply the coal  1  into the processing tower  111 . Below the processing tower  111 , there is provided a cooling chamber  113  which receives a processed coal  2  having flowed inside the processing tower  111  and which discharges the processed coal  2  after cooling it. 
         [0021]    A set of front end sides of multiple introduction pipes  121  and a set of base end sides of multiple exhaust pipes  122  are each connected to a portion of the processing tower  111  above (on one side of) the middle thereof in a manner arranged in an up-down direction, the introduction pipes  121  configured to introduce processing gas  5  containing oxygen into the portion of the processing tower  111  above the middle thereof, the exhaust pipes  122  configured to exhaust the processing gas  5  having flowed inside the portion of the processing tower  111  above the middle thereof to the outside. 
         [0022]    A front end side of a feed pipe  123  configured to feed the processing gas  5  is connected to base end sides of the introduction pipes  121 . A front end side of an air supply pipe  124  configured to supply air  3  and a front end side of a nitrogen supply pipe  125  configured to supply nitrogen gas  4  are connected to a base end side of the feed pipe  123 . Abase end side of the nitrogen supply pipe  125  is connected to a nitrogen supply source  126  such as a nitrogen gas tank. A base end side of the air supply pipe  124  is opened to the atmosphere. 
         [0023]    A flow-rate adjustment valve  127  is provided in the middle of the air supply pipe  124  while a flow-rate adjustment valve  128  is provided in the middle of the nitrogen supply pipe  125 . A blower  129  is provided in the middle of the feed pipe  123 . A humidifying heating device  130  which is one-side humidifying heating means for heating and humidifying the processing gas  5  is provided between the front end side of the feed pipe  123  and the blower  129 . 
         [0024]    Front end sides of the exhaust pipes  122  are connected to a base end side of a circulation pipe  131 . A front end side of the circulation pipe  131  is connected to a portion between the base end side of the feed pipe  123  and the blower  129 . A dust removing device  132  such as a cyclone which removes dust in gas is provided in the middle of the circulation pipe  131 . A base end side of an emission pipe  133  is connected to a portion between the front end side of the circulation pipe  131  and the dust removing device  132 . A front end side of the emission pipe  133  communicates with the outside via a not-illustrated scrubber or the like. 
         [0025]    Moreover, a set of front end sides of multiple introduction pipes  141  and a set of base end sides of multiple exhaust pipes  142  are each connected to a portion of the processing tower  111  below (on another side of) the middle thereof in a manner arranged in the up-down direction, the introduction pipes  141  configured to feed the processing gas  5  into the portion of the processing tower  111  below the middle thereof, the exhaust pipes  142  configured to exhaust the processing gas  5  having flowed inside the portion of the processing tower  111  below the middle thereof to the outside. 
         [0026]    A front end side of a feed pipe  143  configured to feed the processing gas  5  is connected to base end sides of the introduction pipes  141 . A front end side of an air supply pipe  144  configured to supply the air  3  and a front end side of a nitrogen supply pipe  145  configured to supply the nitrogen gas  4  are connected to a base end side of the feed pipe  143 . A base end side of the nitrogen supply pipe  145  is connected to a nitrogen supply source  146  such as a nitrogen gas tank. A base end side of the air supply pipe  144  is opened to the atmosphere. 
         [0027]    A flow-rate adjustment valve  147  is provided in the middle of the air supply pipe  144  while a flow-rate adjustment valve  148  is provided in the middle of the nitrogen supply pipe  145 . A blower  149  is provided in the middle of the feed pipe  143 . A humidifying heating device  150  which is other-side humidifying heating means for heating and humidifying the processing gas  5  is provided between the front end side of the feed pipe  143  and the blower  149 . 
         [0028]    Front end sides of the exhaust pipes  142  are connected to a base end side of a circulation pipe  151 . A front end side of the circulation pipe  151  is connected to a portion between the base end side of the feed pipe  143  and the blower  149 . A dust removing device  152  such as a cyclone which removes dust in gas is provided in the middle of the circulation pipe  151 . A base end side of an emission pipe  153  is connected to a portion between the front end side of the circulation pipe  151  and the dust removing device  152 . A front end side of the emission pipe  153  communicates with the outside via a not-illustrated scrubber or the like. 
         [0029]    Oxygen sensors  161 ,  162  configured to measure oxygen concentrations in gases flowing in the feed pipes  123 ,  143  and flow meters  163 ,  164  configured to measure flow rates of the gases flowing in the feed pipes  123 ,  143  are provided respectively in the feed pipes  123 ,  143  between the blower  129  and the humidifying heating device  130  and between the blower  149  and the humidifying heating device  150 . A temperature sensor  165  being one-side temperature measuring means and a temperature sensor  166  being other-side temperature measuring means which measure the temperature of used processing gas  6  exhausted from the processing tower  111 , i.e. the temperatures inside the processing tower  111  are provided respectively on the base end sides of the circulation pipes  131 ,  151 . 
         [0030]    The sensors  161 ,  162 ,  165 ,  166  and the flowmeters  163 ,  164  are electrically connected to an input unit of a control device  160  which is control means. An output unit of the control device  160  is electrically connected to the flow-rate adjustment valves  127 ,  128 ,  147 ,  148 , the blowers  129 ,  149 , and the humidifying heaters  130 ,  150 . The control device  160  can control operations of the flow-rate adjustment valves  127 ,  128 ,  147 ,  148 , the blowers  129 ,  149 , and the humidifying heaters  130 ,  150  on the basis of information from the sensors  161 ,  162 ,  15 ,  166 , the flow meters  163 ,  164 , and the like (details will be described later). 
         [0031]    Note that, in the embodiment, an apparatus main body is formed of the processing tower  111 , the supply chamber  112 , the cooling quality  113 , and the like; one-side feeding means is formed of the introduction pipes  121 , the exhaust pipes  122 , the feed pipe  123 , the air supply pipe  124 , the nitrogen supply pipe  125 , the nitrogen supply source  126 , the flow-rate valves  127 ,  128 , the blower  129 , the circulation pipe  131 , the emission pipe  133 , and the like; other-side feeding means is formed of the introduction pipes  141 , the exhaust pipes  142 , the feed pipe  143 , the air supply pipe  144 , the nitrogen supply pipe  145 , the nitrogen supply source  146 , the flow-rate valves  147 ,  148 , the blower  149 , the circulation pipe  151 , the emission pipe  153 , and the like; processing gas feeding means is formed of the one-side feeding means, the other-side feeding means, and the like; the processing gas humidifying heating means is formed of the humidifying heaters  130 ,  150  and the like; apparatus main body internal-temperature measuring means is formed of the temperature sensors  165 ,  166  and the like; one-side oxygen concentration adjusting means is formed of the flow-rate adjustment valves  127 ,  128  and the like; one-side gas flow-rate adjusting means is formed of the flow-rate adjustment valves  127 ,  128 , the blower  129 , and the like; other-side oxygen concentration adjusting means is formed of the flow-rate adjustment valves  147 ,  148  and the like; the other-side gas flow-rate adjusting means is formed of the flow-rate adjustment valves  147 ,  148 , the blower  149 , and the like; processing gas oxygen concentration adjusting means is formed of the one-side oxygen concentration adjusting means, the other-side oxygen concentration adjusting means, and the like; processing gas flow-rate adjusting means is formed of the one-side gas flow-rate adjusting means, the other-side gas flow-rate adjusting means, and the like; and apparatus main body internal-environment adjusting means is formed of the apparatus main body internal-temperature measuring means, the processing gas oxygen concentration adjusting means, the control device  160 , and the like. 
         [0032]    Next, operations of a coal deactivation processing apparatus  100  of such an embodiment are described. 
         [0033]    When the dry-distilled coal  1  is supplied from the supply chamber  112  into the processing tower  111  and the control device  160  is made to operate, in order to achieve a predetermined oxygen concentration (for example, 5 to 10 vol. %) and a predetermined flow rate, the control device  160  first controls opening degrees of the flow-rate adjustment valves  127 ,  128 ,  147 ,  148  and operations of the blowers  129 ,  149  on the basis of information from the oxygen sensors  161 ,  162  and the flow meters  163 ,  164 , and the air  3  and the nitrogen  4  are thereby fed from the supply pipes  124 ,  125 ,  144 ,  145  to the feed pipes  123 ,  143  and mixed with each other to obtain the processing gas  5 . The control device  160  also controls operations of the humidifying heating devices  130 ,  150  to heat and humidify (for example, saturated state at 50° C.) the processing gas  5  in such a way that a relative humidity of the processing gas is maintainable to be 35% or more even when the temperature of the processing gas  5  is 95° C. 
         [0034]    The processing gas  5  humidified and heated as described above is introduced from the introduction pipes  121 ,  141  respectively into the upper and lower portions of the processing tower  111 , deactivates a surface of the coal  1  inside the processing tower  111 , and is then exhausted from the exhaust pipes  122 ,  142  to the circulation pipes  131 ,  151  as the used processing gas  6 . 
         [0035]    The dust removing devices  132 ,  152  remove dust from the used processing gas  6  (nitrogen gas in which oxygen gas is almost consumed) exhausted to the circulation pipes  131 ,  151 . Part of the used processing gas  6  is emitted from the emission pipes  133 ,  153  to the outside via the scrubber while a remaining portion thereof is returned to the feed pipes  123 ,  143 , mixed with the new air  3  and the new nitrogen gas  4  from the supply pipes  124 ,  125 ,  144 ,  145 , and used again as the new processing gas  5 . 
         [0036]    Meanwhile, the coal  2  whose surface is deactivated inside the processing tower  111  is cooled in the cooling quality  113  and is then discharged to the outside. 
         [0037]    When an amount of reaction between the coal  1  and oxygen in the processing gas  5  per unit time is large and the temperature inside the processing tower  111  exceeds 95° C. in the aforementioned deactivation processing of the surface of the coal  1 , the control device  160  controls the opening degrees of the flow-rate adjustment valves  127 ,  128 ,  147 ,  148  on the basis of information from the sensors  161 ,  162 ,  165 ,  166  and the flow meters  163 ,  164  in such a way that the temperature inside the processing tower  111  becomes 95° C. or less with the processing gas  5  fed at a fixed flow rate. The control device  160  thereby causes the oxygen concentration in the processing gas  5  to decrease and suppresses the amount of reaction between the coal  1  and the oxygen in the processing gas  5  per unit time. 
         [0038]    The inside of the processing tower  111  is thus always maintained at a temperature of 95° C. or less and at a relative humidity of 35% or more. 
         [0039]    Accordingly, the coal deactivation processing apparatus  100  of the embodiment can suppress a temperature increase of the coal  1  being processed. 
         [0040]    Moreover, the temperatures inside the upper and lower portions of the processing tower  111  can be independently adjusted. Hence, even when there is a difference in temperature increase between the upper and lower portions of the processing tower  111 , it is possible to adjust the temperature inside the processing layer  111  depending on the difference and eliminate wasteful energy consumption. 
         [0041]    Incidentally, the amount of reaction between the coal  1  and the oxygen in the processing gas  5  per unit time becomes large mostly when the coal  1  is first supplied into the processing tower  111 . Moreover, the case where the amount of reaction is large is likely to occur in an upper 30% to 70% (50±20%) portion of the processing tower  111 , and does not occur often in a lower 30% to 70% (50±20%) portion of the processing tower  111 . 
         [0042]    In view of this, in the coal deactivation processing apparatus  100  of the embodiment, the initial cost and the running cost can be reduced by, for example, omitting the nitrogen supply pipe  145 , the nitrogen supply source  146 , the flow-rate adjustment valve  148 , the oxygen sensor  162 , and the like and supplying only the air  3  as the processing gas  5  into the portion of the processing tower  111  below the middle thereof. 
       Second Embodiment 
       [0043]    A second embodiment of a coal deactivation processing apparatus of the present invention is described based on  FIG. 2 . Note that the same parts as those of the aforementioned embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the aforementioned embodiment and description overlapping the description of the aforementioned embodiment is omitted. 
         [0044]    As shown in  FIG. 2 , the sensors  161 ,  162 ,  165 ,  166  and the flow meters  163 ,  164  are electrically connected to an input unit of a control device  260  which is control means. An output unit of the control device  260  is electrically connected to the flow-rate adjustment valves  127 ,  128 ,  147 ,  148 , the blowers  129 ,  149 , and the humidifying heaters  130 ,  150 . The control device  260  can control operations of the flow-rate adjustment valves  127 ,  128 ,  147 ,  148 , the blowers  129 ,  149 , and the humidifying heaters  130 ,  150  on the basis of information from the sensors  161 ,  162 ,  15 ,  166 , the flow meters  163 ,  164 , and the like (details will described later). 
         [0045]    Note that, in the embodiment, the apparatus main body internal-environment adjusting means is formed of the apparatus main body internal-temperature measuring means, the processing gas flow-rate adjusting means, the control device  260 , and the like. 
         [0046]    In a coal deactivation processing apparatus  200  of such an embodiment, when the control device  260  is made to operate, the control device  260  operates in a similar way to the control device  160  in the coal deactivation processing apparatus  100  of the aforementioned embodiment and performs deactivation processing of the surface of the coal  1  in the processing tower  111 . 
         [0047]    Then, when the amount of reaction between the coal  1  and the oxygen in the processing gas  5  per unit time is large and the temperature inside the processing tower  111  exceeds 95° C., the control device  260  controls the opening degrees of the flow-rate adjustment valves  127 ,  128 ,  147 ,  148  and blowing powers of the blowers  129 ,  149  on the basis of information from the sensors  161 ,  162 ,  165 ,  166  and the flow meters  163 ,  164  in such a way that the temperature inside the processing tower  111  becomes 95° C. or less with the processing gas  5  fed at a fixed oxygen concentration. The control device  260  thereby causes the flow rate of the processing gas  5  to increase and cools the inside of the processing tower  111  by using a wind. 
         [0048]    In other words, although, in the aforementioned first embodiment, the temperature increase in the processing tower  111  is suppressed by reducing the oxygen concentration in the processing gas  5  to suppress the amount of reaction between the coal  1  and the oxygen, in the embodiment, the temperature increase in the processing tower  111  is suppressed by increasing the flow rate of the processing gas  5  to cool the inside of the processing tower  111  with a wind. 
         [0049]    The inside of the processing tower  111  is thus always maintained at a temperature of 95° C. or less and at a relative humidity of 35% or more. 
         [0050]    Accordingly, in the coal deactivation processing apparatus  200  of the embodiment, effects similar to those in the aforementioned embodiments can be obtained. 
         [0051]    Note that, also in the coal deactivation processing apparatus  200  of the embodiment, as described in the aforementioned embodiment, the initial cost and the running cost can be reduced by, for example, omitting the nitrogen supply pipe  145 , the nitrogen supply source  146 , the flow-rate adjustment valve  148 , the oxygen sensor  162 , and the like and supplying only the air  3  as the processing gas  5  into the portion of the processing tower  111  below the middle thereof at a fixed flow-rate. 
       Third Embodiment 
       [0052]    A third embodiment of a coal deactivation processing apparatus of the present invention is described based on  FIG. 3 . Note that the same parts as those of the aforementioned embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the aforementioned embodiments and description overlapping the description of the aforementioned embodiments is omitted. 
         [0053]    As shown in  FIG. 3 , multiple cooling pipes  371  through which cooling water  7  flows are provided in the portion of the processing tower  111  above (on the one side of) the middle thereof while being arranged in the up-down direction at predetermined intervals. Base end sides of the cooling pipes  371  are connected to a front end side of a feed pipe  372  configured to feed the cooling water  7 . A base end side of the feed pipe  372  is connected to a bottom portion of a cooling water tank  374  configured to store the cooling water  7 . 
         [0054]    A temperature controller  375  configured to control the temperature of the cooling water  7  in the cooling water tank  374  is provided in the cooling water tank  374 . A flow-rate adjustment valve  376  and a feed pump  377  are provided in the middle of the feed pipe  372 . Front end sides of the cooling pipes  371  are connected to a base end side of a circulation pipe  373 . A front end side of the circulation pipe  373  communicates with an upper portion of the cooling water tank  374 . A flow meter  367  configured to measure the flow rate of the cooling water  7  is provided between the front end side of the feed pipe  372  and the feed pump  377 . 
         [0055]    Moreover, multiple cooling pipes  381  through which the cooling water  7  flows are provided in the portion of the processing tower  111  below (on the other side of) the middle thereof while being arranged in the up-down direction at predetermined intervals. Base end sides of the cooling pipes  381  are connected to a front end side of a feed pipe  382  configured to feed the cooling water  7 . A base end side of the feed pipe  382  is connected to a bottom portion of a cooling water tank  384  configured to store the cooling water  7 . 
         [0056]    A temperature controller  385  configured to control the temperature of the cooling water  7  in the cooling water tank  384  is provided in the cooling water tank  384 . A flow-rate adjustment valve  386  and a feed pump  387  are provided in the middle of the feed pipe  382 . Front end sides of the cooling pipes  381  are connected to a base end side of a circulation pipe  383 . A front end side of the circulation pipe  383  communicates with an upper portion of the cooling water tank  384 . A flow meter  368  configured to measure the flow rate of the cooling water  7  is provided between the front end side of the feed pipe  382  and the feed pump  387 . 
         [0057]    Note that, also in the embodiment, like the coal deactivation processing apparatuses  100 ,  200  of the aforementioned embodiments, the coal deactivation processing apparatus includes the members  121  to  133 ,  141  to  153 ,  161  to  166  which allow feeding of the processing gas  5 . However, illustration of these members is omitted in  FIG. 3  to avoid complication of the drawing. 
         [0058]    Moreover, the sensors  161 ,  162 ,  165 ,  166  and the flow meters  163 ,  164 ,  367 ,  368  are electrically connected to an input unit of a control device  360  which is control means. An output unit of the control device  360  is electrically connected to the flow-rate adjustment valves  127 ,  128 ,  147 ,  148 ,  376 ,  386 , the blowers  129 ,  149 , the humidifying heaters  130 ,  150 , the temperature controllers  375 ,  385 , and the feed pumps  377 ,  387 . The control device  260  can control operations of the flow-rate adjustment valves  127 ,  128 ,  147 ,  148 ,  376 ,  386 , the blowers  129 ,  149 , the humidifying heaters  130 ,  150 , the temperature controllers  375 ,  385 , and the feed pumps  377 ,  387  on the basis of information from the sensors  161 ,  162 ,  15 ,  166 , the flow meters  163 ,  164 ,  367 ,  368 , and the like (details will be described later). 
         [0059]    Note that, in the embodiment, one-side flow means is formed of the cooling pipes  371 , the feed pipe  372 , the circulation pipe  373 , the cooling water tank  374 , the temperature controller  375 , the flow-rate adjustment valve  376 , the feed pump  377 , and the like; other-side flow means is formed of the cooling pipes  381 , the feed pipe  382 , the circulation pipe  383 , the cooling water tank  384 , the temperature controller  385 , the flow-rate adjustment valve  386 , the feed pump  387 , and the like; cooling water flow means is formed of the one-side flow means, the other-side flow means, and the like; and the apparatus main body internal-environment adjusting means is formed of the apparatus main body internal-temperature measuring means, the cooling water flow means, the control device  360 , and the like. 
         [0060]    In a coal deactivation processing apparatus  300  of such an embodiment, when the control device  360  is made to operate, the control device  360  operates in a similar way to the control devices  160 ,  260  in the coal deactivation processing apparatuses  100 ,  200  of the aforementioned embodiments and performs deactivation processing of the surface of the coal  1  in the processing tower  111 . 
         [0061]    Moreover, the control device  360  performs control of the temperature controller  375  along with the aforementioned deactivation processing in such a way that the cooling water  7  in the cooling water tank  347  is set to a predetermined temperature. 
         [0062]    Then, when the amount of reaction between the coal  1  and the oxygen in the processing gas  5  per unit time is large and the temperature inside the processing tower  111  exceeds 95° C., the control device  360  controls the opening degrees of the flow-rate adjustment valves  376 ,  386  and the delivery forces of the feed pumps  377 ,  387  on the basis of information from the temperature sensors  165 ,  166  and the flow meters  367 ,  368 , in such a way that the temperature inside the processing tower  111  becomes 95° C. or less. The control device  360  thereby causes the cooling water  7  to flow through the cooling pipes  371  while adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water  7  flowing from the cooling water tank  374  to the feed pipe  372  and thus cools the inside of the processing tower  111  with water. 
         [0063]    In other words, although, in the aforementioned second embodiment, the temperature increase is suppressed by increasing the flow rate of the processing gas  5  flowing inside the processing tower  111  to cool the inside of the processing tower  111  with a wind, in the embodiment, the temperature increase is suppressed by causing the cooling water  7  to flow inside the processing tower  111  to cool the inside of the processing tower  111  with water. 
         [0064]    Accordingly, in the coal deactivation processing apparatus  300  of the embodiment, effects similar to those in the aforementioned embodiments can be obtained. 
         [0065]    Note that, as described in the aforementioned embodiment, the amount of reaction between the coal  1  and the oxygen in the processing gas  5  per unit time becomes large mostly when the coal  1  is first supplied into the processing tower  111 . Moreover, the case where the amount of reaction is large is likely to occur in the upper 30% to 70% (50±20%) portion of the processing tower  111 , and does not occur often in the lower 30% to 70% (50±20%) portion of the processing tower  111 . 
         [0066]    Accordingly, in the coal deactivation processing apparatus  300  of the embodiment, the initial cost and the running cost can be reduced by, for example, omitting the members  368 ,  381  to  387  together with the nitrogen supply pipe  125 , the nitrogen supply source  126 , the flow-rate adjustment valve  128 , the oxygen sensor  161 , and the like and supplying only the air  3  as the processing gas  5  at a fixed flow rate, without cooling the portion of the processing tower  111  below the middle thereof with the cooling water  7 . 
       Other Embodiments 
       [0067]    Note that, in the embodiments described above, the temperature inside the processing tower  111  is measured by providing the temperature sensors  165 ,  166  on the base end sides of the circulation pipes  131 ,  151  and thereby measuring the temperature of the used processing gas  6  exhausted from the processing tower  111 . However, as another embodiment, for example, the temperature inside the processing tower  111  can be measured by providing a temperature sensor on a wall surface or in the inside of the processing tower  111 . 
         [0068]    Moreover, the embodiments described above can be carried out by being combined as appropriate. 
       INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY 
       [0069]    Since the coal deactivation processing apparatus of the present invention can suppress the temperature increase of coal being processed, the coal deactivation processing apparatus can be very useful in industries. 
       REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 
       [0000]    
       
           1 ,  2  COAL 
           3  AIR 
           4  NITROGEN GAS 
           5 ,  6  PROCESSING GAS 
           7  COOLING WATER 
           100  COAL DEACTIVATION PROCESSING APPARATUS 
           111  PROCESSING TOWER 
           112  SUPPLY CHAMBER 
           113  COOLING CHAMBER 
           121 ,  141  INTRODUCTION PIPE 
           122 ,  142  EXHAUST PIPE 
           123 ,  143  FEED-OUT PIPE 
           124 ,  144  AIR SUPPLY PIPE 
           125 ,  145  NITROGEN SUPPLY PIPE 
           126 ,  146  NITROGEN SUPPLY SOURCE 
           127 ,  128 ,  147 ,  148  FLOW-RATE ADJUSTMENT VALVE 
           129 ,  149  BLOWER 
           130 ,  150  HUMIDIFYING HEATING DEVICE 
           131 ,  151  CIRCULATION PIPE 
           132 ,  152  DUST REMOVING DEVICE 
           133 ,  153  EMISSION PIPE 
           160  CONTROL DEVICE 
           161 ,  162  OXYGEN SENSOR 
           163 ,  164  FLOW METER 
           165 ,  166  TEMPERATURE SENSOR 
           200  COAL DEACTIVATION PROCESSING APPARATUS 
           260  CONTROL DEVICE 
           300  COAL DEACTIVATION PROCESSING APPARATUS 
           367 ,  378  FLOW METER 
           371 ,  381  COOLING PIPE 
           372 ,  382  FEED PIPE 
           373 ,  383  CIRCULATION PIPE 
           374 ,  384  COOLING WATER TANK 
           375 ,  385  TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER 
           376 ,  386  FLOW-RATE ADJUSTMENT VALVE 
           377 ,  387  FEED PUMP