Abstract:
The embodiment of a torque multiplying mechanism, consisting of a rotating sleeve ( 9 ), a pedal extender arm ( 2 ), small sprockets ( 5 ), a hinge pin ( 4 ) attached to each small sprocket and to each pedal extender arm, un-numbered short chains connecting the small sprockets to large sprockets ( 6 ), and foot pedals attached to the pedal extender arms. The foot pedals connect the pedal extender arms to the rotating sleeve through the small sprockets, short chains and large sprockets attached to the sleeve. The rotating sleeve then forces the vehicle drive sprocket to turn, with multiplied torque, due to the leverage applied to the short chains by the small sprockets attached to the pedal extender arms.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
       [0001]    This revision relates to the patent application for the Torque Multiplier for Bicycles and All Other Foot Pedaled Vehicles, submitted to the United States Patent Office on Apr. 30, 2008. 
         [0002]    Some of the design data shown in the drawings submitted with the original patent application submitted on Apr. 30, 2008 still applies, especially Design No. 2, shown on Page No. 18 of the original application. 
         [0003]    The revised design still uses dual crank arms, joined by a connecting rod, which has a pedal extender arm at the front end. This pedal extender arm still applies leverage to the crank arm that an ordinary bicycle can not apply. But the rest of the revised design is entirely different and applies much greater multiplied torque to the back wheel of the bike. This will be described in detail, including mechanical engineering calculations, within the Detailed Description section of this revision, following the drawing parts list. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0004]    This revised torque multiplier installation and operation is unlike any other foot pedaled vehicle. The crank shaft is not rigidly connected to the main vehicle drive sprocket, as it is with an ordinary bicycle. 
     
    
     
       DRAWINGS—FIGURES 
         [0005]      FIG. 1  shows a right side view of the bicycle frame with the torque multiplier assembly installed. All part numbers are shown and identified by part name on the separate parts list. Some part numbers are shown in phantom view, since they would not be visible from the right side of the bicycle. The drawing scale required to show this installation makes it difficult to examine. For that reason, a supplemental illustration is included ( FIG. 1   a ), with part names, descriptive data and calculations. The calculations are repeated in the DETAILED DESCRIPTION section of this revision. 
           [0006]      FIG. 2  is a top view. The details of the torque multiplier assembly and installation are shown here. This drawing shows that the torque multiplier installation does not interfere with crank shaft rotation. 
       
    
    
     DRAWINGS—REFERENCE NUMBERS  
       [0007]    The drawing part numbers for  FIG. 1  &amp;  FIG. 2  are on Page 3 and Page 4.  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2  are on Pages 14 and 15. 
         [0008]      FIG. 1   a  on Page 16 
       DRAWINGS_REFERENCE PART NUMBERS  
       [0009]    
       FIG. 1 
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 1 
                 0.75 inch sprocket (S1) 
               
               
                 2 
                 3 inch sprocket (S2) 
               
               
                 3 
                 3 inch sprocket (S3) 
               
               
                 4 
                 4 inch sprocket 
               
               
                 5 
                 1.5 inch sprocket (S5) 
               
               
                 6 
                 3 inch sprocket (S6) 
               
               
                 7 
                 3 inch sprocket (S7) 
               
               
                 8 
                 0.75 inch sprocket (S8) 
               
               
                 9 
                 chain (C1) 
               
               
                 10 
                 chain (C2) 
               
               
                 11 
                 chain (C3) 
               
               
                 12 
                 chain (C4) 
               
               
                 13 
                 chain ((CW) 
               
               
                 14 
                 pedal (right) 
               
               
                 15 
                 pedal (left) 
               
               
                 16 
                 connecting rod (right) 
               
               
                 17 
                 connecting rod (left) 
               
               
                 18 
                 front crank arm (right) 
               
               
                 19 
                 front crank arm (left) 
               
               
                 20 
                 rear crank arm (right) 
               
               
                 21 
                 rear crank arm (left) 
               
               
                 22 
                 pedal extender (right) 
               
               
                 23 
                 pedal extender (left) 
               
               
                 24 
                 added frame member (front) 
               
               
                 25 
                 added frame member (rear) 
               
               
                 26 
                 existing frame 
               
               
                 27 
                 existing crank shaft hub 
               
               
                 28 
                 existing rear wheel sprocket 
               
               
                 29 
                 existing derailer sprockets 
               
               
                 30 
                 seat mast 
               
               
                 31 
                 4 inch sprocket (SW) 
               
               
                 32 
                 sprage 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
       DRAWINGS—REFERENCE PART NUMBERS  
       [0010]    
       FIG. 2 
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 1 
                 0.75 inch sprocket (S1) 
               
               
                 2 
                 3 inch sprocket (S2) 
               
               
                 3 
                 3 inch sprocket (S3) 
               
               
                 4 
                 4 inch sprocket (S4) 
               
               
                 5 
                 1.5 inch sprocket (S5) 
               
               
                 6 
                 3 inch sprocket (S6) 
               
               
                 7 
                 3 inch sprocket (S7) 
               
               
                 8 
                 .75 inch sprocket (S8) 
               
               
                 9 
                 chain (C1) 
               
               
                 10 
                 chain (C2) 
               
               
                 11 
                 chain (C3) 
               
               
                 12 
                 chain (C4) 
               
               
                 13 
                 chain (CW) 
               
               
                 14 
                 pedal (right) 
               
               
                 15 
                 pedal (left) 
               
               
                 16 
                 connecting rod (right) 
               
               
                 17 
                 connecting rod (left) 
               
               
                 18 
                 front crank arm (right) 
               
               
                 19 
                 front crank arm (left) 
               
               
                 20 
                 rear crank arm (right) 
               
               
                 21 
                 rear crank arm (left) 
               
               
                 22 
                 pedal extender (right) 
               
               
                 23 
                 pedal extender (left) 
               
               
                 24 
                 added frame member (not shown) 
               
               
                 25 
                 added frame member (not shown) 
               
               
                 26 
                 existing frame (front member) 
               
               
                 27 
                 existing crank shaft hub 
               
               
                 28 
                 existing rear wheel sprocket 
               
               
                 29 
                 existing derailer sprockets 
               
               
                   
                 (not shown) 
               
               
                 30 
                 seat mast (not shown) 
               
               
                 31 
                 4 inch sprocket (SW) 
               
               
                 32 
                 sprage 
               
               
                 33 
                 rear crank bearing (right) 
               
               
                 34 
                 rear crank bearing (left) 
               
               
                 35 
                 existing rear fork 
               
               
                 36 
                 existing rear wheel axle 
               
               
                 37 
                 existing rear wheel 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0011]      FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2   
       Preferred Embodiment  
       [0012]      FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2  show a right side view and a top view respectively, of the bicycle frame with the torque multiplier assembly installed. The original patent application submitted on Apr. 30, 2008 included two separate designs. Design No. 1 was for single rider. Design No. 2 was for a bicycle built for two. 
         [0013]    The revised design shown in this detailed description is more like Design No. 2 and can be used for either a single rider or two riders, with some very minor modifications to the bicycle frame, including adding a second seat and two pedals. But the torque multiplier assembly will not change. The revised patent application in this description has only one design as shown in FIG. No.  1  (side view) and FIG. No.  2  (top view). 
         [0014]    Although the new design is partially similar to the previous Design No. 2, (bicycle built for two) there are major differences. The new design has sprockets and chains on only one side of the bicycle. It has two crank arms on each side, which are joined together by a connecting rod, with a pedal crank arm extender attached to the front end of each connecting rod (See  FIG. 1 ) The connecting rods are similar to connecting rods that join two drive wheels on each side of an old fashioned steam locomotive. The connecting rods remain parallel to the ground as the crank arms rotate and they hold the pedal crank arm extenders parallel to the ground as well. This is the same as the bicycle built for two design. 
         [0015]    Two small sprockets (0.75 inch radius) are attached to the end of the forward crank arm on right side of the bicycle by a hinge pin. The small sprockets freely rotate on the hinge pin but they are joined together and have to rotate together. This is just the same as the bicycle built for two design. 
         [0016]    Two three inch radius sprockets are on the forward crank shaft, which rotates within the existing pedal crank shaft hub. The existing forward crank shaft is also unchanged, except that the two three inch sprockets rotate freely on the crank shaft. The three inch sprockets are joined together and have to rotate together. The existing pedals are removed from the ends of the forward crank arms and attached to the forward ends of the pedal crank arm extenders by their hinge pins. 
         [0017]    All of the above is the same as the bicycle built for two design in the patent application of Mar. 30, 2008, except that there is no sleeve passing through the existing forward crank shaft hub with sprockets attached to it, and with the crank shaft rotating freely within the sleeve. No sleeve is required for the new design, which simplifies it considerably. The left side crank arm forces the right side crank arm to rotate, just like any ordinary bicycle. 
         [0018]    The bicycle built for two design, with two crank shafts and two connecting rods with crank arm pedal extenders, used alone, will improve the performance of ordinary bicycles slightly. This will be shown by calculations included in this Detailed Description and I wish to keep it included as one of the claims in the original patent application. But the new design in this patent application revision will greatly increase the performance of any bicycle the torque multiplier is installed on. This will be illustrated by the mechanical engineering calculations contained in this Detailed Description. It will also be publicly demonstrated as soon as the prototype bicycle is finished being built, and tested by a certified test lab. The laboratory report will be sent to your office. 
         [0019]    Referring to  FIG. 1 , part numbers  6  and  7  are additional sprockets that are held in place by the forward crank shaft, but rotate freely around it and are fastened together. So they have to rotate together. Part number  4  is a 4 inch (radius) sprocket that is attached to and rotates with the right side rear crank arm (part  20 ). The crank arm is held in place by a bearing anchored to the existing bicycle rear fork by a support bar ( 25 ) that is welded to the bicycle frame. Another sprocket (part  5 ) is attached to the 4 inch sprocket part  4 ) and rotates with it. The radius of part  5  is 1.5 inches. A similar bearing and support bar is installed on the left side of the bicycle to hold the crank arm (part  21 ). There is no crank shaft connected between rear crank arms (parts  20  &amp;  21 ) because it would interfere with rotation of the rear wheel and is not needed. 
         [0020]    Five chains are installed on the right side of the bicycle as shown in  FIG. 1  (part No&#39;s.  9 , 10 , 11 , 12  and  13 ). Chain C 1 , identified as part No.  9  on the parts list on Page 3, is connected between sprocket S 1  (part No.  1 ) and sprocket S 2  (part No.  2 ). Chain C 2  (part No.  10 ) is connected between sprocket S 3  (part No.  3 ) and sprocket S 4  (part  4 ). Chain C 3  (part No.  11 ) is connected between sprocket S 5  (part  5 ) and sprocket S 6  (part  6 ). Chain C 4  (part No.  12 ) is connected between sprocket S 7  (part  7 ) and sprocket S 8  (part  8 ). Chain CW (part  13 ) is connected between sprocket SW (part  31 ) and the existing rear wheel sprocket (part  28 ). 
         [0021]    Sprockets S 2  and S 3  are attached. They rotate together freely on the existing front crank shaft within existing hub (part  27 ). (Not rigidly connected to the crank shaft). Likewise sprockets S 4 , S 5  and SW are attached and they rotate together. But S 4 , S 5  and SW are rigidly connected to the right side rear crank shaft for crank arm (part No.  20 ). 
         [0022]    Sprockets S 6  and S 7  are attached. They also rotate freely on the front crank shaft. Finally, sprockets S 1  and S 8  are attached and they rotate freely on a hinge pin connecting them to the front crank arm (part  18 ). The hinge pin also connects the front and rear crank arms (parts  18  &amp;  20 ) to connecting rod (part  16 ). The hinge pin holding sprockets S 1  and S 8  to the connecting rod divides the connecting rod into a front pedal extender and the connecting rod between the front and rear crank shafts. The left side connecting rod with pedal extender is the same, except there are no sprockets on the left side. When either the left pedal or the right pedal is forward and is pushed down, the chain (C 1 ) between sprocket S 1  and sprocket S 2  is pulled forward. Sprocket S 2  pulls the attached sprocket (S 3 ). S 3  pulls chain C 2 . Chain C 2  pulls sprocket S 4  and the sprockets S 5  and SW because they are attached to S 4 . Sprocket S 5  pulls chain C 3  to sprocket S 6 . S 6  is attached to sprocket S 7 , which pulls sprocket S 8  and S 8  pulls sprocket S 1 . S 1  is attached to S 8  and to the right front crank arm by a sprage (part No.  32  on  FIG. 2 ). The sprage prevents sprocket S 1  from rotating backward, but allows S 8  to pull S 1  forward. 
         [0023]    On smooth flat pavement with no wind, it takes very little foot pedal force to start moving a bicycle. For the following analysis and calculations, 20 lbs. of foot pedal force is used. Calculations using either more or less foot pedal force will yield proportionately similar results. 
         [0024]    With 20 lbs. of foot pedal force applied to the front pedal (when forward crank arm is horizontal) downward force is applied to the hinge pin holding sprockets S 1  and S 8  to the connecting rod. The amount of that force (shown as F 1  on  FIG. 1 ) depends on leverage between the back end of the connecting rod, the front pedal and the hinge pin. The overall length of the connecting rod, including pedal extender is 10.5 inches (See  FIG. 1   a ). The pedal extender is 3 inches long. 20 lb×10.5 in=F 1 ×7.5 in, F 1 =28 lb. 
         [0025]    The connecting rod with pedal extender attached will provide leverage to apply force F 1  because chain C 2  pulls sprocket S 4  clockwise and the right rear crank arm is also being pulled down because it is attached to sprocket S 4 . There are two independent ways to show that F 1  will be 28 lbs. with 20 lbs. of foot pedal force applied. One way is the calculation shown on the bottom of the previous page. The other way is to add the 20 lb. foot pedal force to the downward force applied by the right rear crank arm, which must equal the force opposing F 1 . Either calculation yields F 1 =28 lbs. 
         [0026]    Sprocket S 1  can not rotate backward because of a sprage between it and the right front crank arm as shown on  FIG. 2  (part  32 ). So chain C 1  will be pulled forward when the foot pedal is pushed down with some chain force (CF 1 ). With 20 lb. applied, F 1 =28 lb. The crank arm is 4.5 in. long. The radius of sprocket S 2  is 3 in. 28 lb.×4.5 in.=CF 1 ×3 in. CF 1 =42 lb. CF 1  is applied to pull the rear wheel in the original design. 
         [0027]    If a comparison is made between this 42 lb. chain force CF 1  applied to pull the rear wheel of the bicycle and an ordinary bicycle having a 3 inch sprocket and a 4.5 inch crank arm; The ordinary bicycle chain force will be only 30 lbs. This alone shows that a torque multiplied bicycle is better than an ordinary bicycle and this is one claim that I wish to retain in my original patent application. But the revised design in this amended patent application does much more than the original pedal extenders, connecting rods and sprockets S 1  and S 2  do. 
         [0028]    With 20 lbs. or any other foot pedal force applied, chain force CF 1  equals chain force CF 2  because sprockets S 2  and S 3  have the same diameter and are attached together. When CF 1 =42 lbs., CF 2 =42 lbs. Chain C 2  goes to Sprocket S 4  and the radius of S 4  is 4 inches. But sprocket S 5  is attached to S 4  and it&#39;s radius is only 1.5 inches. Sprocket S 5  pulls sprocket S 6  with chain force CF 3 . But sprocket SW (part No.  31  on FIG. No.  1 ) is also attached to sprocket S 4 . Chain force C 2  of 42 lbs. has to divide between the forces required to pull both chain C 3  and CW (part No&#39;s.  11  and  13  on  FIG. 1 ). If it takes 20 lbs. of force to pull chain CW (to the bicycle rear Wheel), the force remaining to pull sprocket S 5  will be 42 lb.−20 lb.=22 lbs. Calculations using either more or less than 20 lbs. force to chain CW will yield proportionately similar results. 
         [0029]    Chain C 3  will resist being pulled by sprocket S 5  because the radius of sprocket S 1  is only 0.75 inches, while the radius of sprocket S 5  is 1.5 inches. This means that S 1  will have to rotate twice as fast as S 5 . The right front crank shaft will only rotate sprocket S 1  once per revolution of both crank arms. So sprocket S 1  will be pulled by sprocket S 5  through intermediate sprockets S 6 ,S 7 ,S 8  and chain S 4 . 
         [0030]    Even though sprockets S 6  and S 7  are 3 inch radius, sprocket S 1  will rotate twice as fast as S 5 . The reason sprockets S 6  and S 7  are not small is that they would cause an undesirable and unbalanced backward torque on the crank arms. Making S 6  and S 7  larger eliminates negative torque. 
         [0031]    With chain force CF 2  equal to 42 lbs. and chain force CW equal to 20 lbs. 22 lbs is applied to sprocket S 5  by sprocket S 4 . 22 lbs.×4 in.=CF 3 ×1.5. CF 3 =58.7 lbs. Chain C 3  then applies 58.7 lbs. to sprocket S 1  through S 6 ,S 7  and S 8 . 20 lbs. of foot pedal force is applied to pull sprocket (S 1 ) forward, but chain C 3  rotates sprocket S 1 . Never the less, both foot pedal force and chain force C 3  pull chain C 1  with a force that exceeds the 42 lbs. initially applied. 
         [0032]    If chain force CFW to the rear wheel of the bicycle remains at 20 lbs, the force applied to sprocket S 5  may equal 58.7−20=38.7 lb. Then 38.7 lbs.×4 in.=CF 3 ×1.5 in. and CF 3  may reach 103 lbs. Comparing this with an ordinary bicycle with a 3 inch sprocket and a 4.5 inch crank arm, which produces 30 lbs. of chain force: An ordinary bicycle may reach speeds of 15 to 20 mph with 30 lb of chain force if there is very little wind. With over 100 lbs of chain force, a torque multiplied bicycle might exceed 65 or 70 mph if there was no wind resistance. But wind resistance increases about 4 times as fast as speed and maximum torque only exists when the bicycle pedal is horizontally forward. So the torque multiplied bicycle will accelerate until wind resistance nearly equals chain force C 3 , but with only about 20 lbs, of foot pedal force applied, which is easy. 
         [0033]    The torque multiplied bicycle has another advantage over ordinary bicycles, as described on page 9 through 12 and  FIG. 4  of the original patent application. The back pedal still produces forward chain force with little back pedal negative torque on the crank shaft.