Abstract:
A firearm having a safety device known as a Detachable Firing Assembly. This removable section of a firearm houses the firing hammer and is instantly removed to completely disable a firearm and is to kept in a location other than the firearm itself.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
         [0001]    Automatic Firearms  
           [0002]    Telescoping Firearm Breech Bolts  
           [0003]    Firearm Breech Bolt Lock-back Mechanisms  
           [0004]    Firearm Safety Devices  
           [0005]    Handgun Firearm Fabrication Methods  
         STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT  
         [0006]    Not Applicable  
         REFERENCE TO A MICROFICHE APPENDIX  
         [0007]    Not Applicable  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0008]    This new automatic handgun firearm like previous firearms was designed combining as many desirable qualities into one unit as possible. Firearm designers strive for a firearm that reloads fast and has the largest magazine capacity possible. It must perform flawlessly under the most severe weather conditions. It must be accurate and be weighted and balanced so that it feels completely natural when held.  
           [0009]    The mistake firearm designers have made in the past was not putting enough emphasis on safety and many children have paid for this mistake with their lives.  
           [0010]    This new firearm was designed with child safety as its first consideration, but, because of the invention of several new devices, no desirable qualities were sacrificed for safety sake.  
           [0011]    This firearm is the bearer of three new firearm systems which makes it more reliable and reloads faster than other automatic firearms and it has a component which detaches to completely disable it.  
         BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0012]    This automatic handgun firearm invention is broken into four fields of invention. The first three are-new firearm operating systems that are brought together into one firearm. This combining of systems into a single firearm is the fourth.  
           [0013]    The new systems are the Trigger Operated Breech Bolt Lockback Releasing System, the Spinning Lock Breech Bolt and Breech Bolt Receiver System and the Detachable Firing Assembly.  
           [0014]    The Trigger Operated Breech Bolt Lockback Releasing (TLR) system is simply a mechanism which links an automatic firearms firing trigger to its breech bolt catch so that the firing trigger will secondarily supply the mechanical action by which the firearms breech bolt catch can be released and thus, when reloading, the firearms breech bolt will close the breech, to chamber the first round of a fresh magazine by simply squeezing the firing trigger, rather than fumbling for a separate catch mechanism like a thumb operated catch which is the standard device used by todays automatic pistols.  
           [0015]    This system should be used in conjunction with an index finger operated magazine catch because this will insure that the index finger is taken off the firing trigger when the firearms empty magazine is removed and thus the breech is unlikely to be accidentally closed before a full magazine can be inserted into the firearms magazine well.  
           [0016]    When this device is used by a semi-automatic firearm, the first squeeze of the trigger will close the breech, if open, any additional squeezes will, each, discharge a single round.  
           [0017]    When this device is used by a fully automatic firearm, one squeeze of the trigger will close the breech, at which point the firearm will begin firing continuously until the trigger is released, therefore, a fully automatic firearm which normally fires in the closed bolt position, will also fire from its open bolt position.  
           [0018]    The Spinning-Lock Breech Bolt and Breech Bolt Receiver (SLR) system is named after its new type of safety system, although this breech bolt and its receiver are also new in design.  
           [0019]    The breech bolt is the key element of this system as all other components of this system were designed to accompany the breech bolt.  
           [0020]    This new telescoping L-shaped breech bolt differs when compared to previous sub-machine gun L-shaped breech bolts in that its recoil limit is established by a mechanical interaction with a firearms barrel rather than a stop bumper behind the breech bolt, which negates the need for any portion of a breech bolt receiver to be rearward of the firearms barrel and the breech bolt is simply retained to the firearms barrel with a mailbox-like hood. An action spring inside the breech bolt loads it forward to the breech closed position.  
           [0021]    This breech forward receiver design allows the breech bolt to open and close the breech in full view and even when this breech bolt is in the closed position, the barrel throat can be seen through the shell headspace gap, which is a space between the breech bolt and the rear end of the barrel, from either side. The gleaming brass of a chambered round shows up like a red light in this firearm and thus there is never any question of whether or not it is loaded.  
           [0022]    All components of the spinning lock mechanism are retained to the breech bolt and they act in the following ways. Locking balls protrude from the inside of the breech bolt as they are parted by a spring loaded wedge so that they will engage recesses in the receiver to lock the breech bolt in the breech closed position, when fired, the balls retract, from the forces of detonation, allowing the bolt to recoil and reload. The wedge is linked to the breech bolts manual operating handle so that it unlocks the breech as well as operates the breech bolt manually. A rotating, notched shaft locks the manual operating handle to, and releases it from, the breech bolt thus allowing or disallowing the manual operating handles independent movement from the breech bolt, required to unlock the breech. This same rotating lockshaft, which locks and unlocks the operating handle, simultaneously locks and unlocks the firing pin which is also contained inside the breech bolt. The lockshaft is operated by a well hidden thumb wheel.  
           [0023]    Locking the operating handle, which in turn locks breech bolt, prevents the firearm from being loaded by someone who should not be fooling with it.  
           [0024]    Locking of the firing pin acts as a safety device for someone who is familiar with the firearm and wants to prevent the accidental discharge of a chambered round.  
           [0025]    No trajectory sighting system is claimed in the patent application noting that the breech bolt hood provides a very rigid mounting surface for whatever sights are chosen by the firearms owner.  
           [0026]    The ejection components are of a generic nature and none are claimed in this patent application.  
           [0027]    This new Detachable Firing Assembly is exactly that but, differs from previously used detachable firing assemblies in that it is retained to the firearm without separate fasteners and can be removed or installed instantly which makes this the ultimate child safety device because now we have a two piece firearm. This firing assembly can be kept someplace other than on the firearm, such as on the owners keychain. By using the horn of a firearms detachable cartridge magazine as a tool for removing a firing assembly, we negate the need for a separate tool, although, any blade-like object such as screwdriver, knife or even a coin will do the job.  
           [0028]    The new handgun Gripframe which combines these systems into a single firearm, is fabricated from sheet metal rather than a forging due to the fact that the Detachable Firing Assembly houses the components that were previously built into the rear area of the gripframe and in order for the gripframe to house the Trigger Operated Breech Bolt Lock-back Releasing System it must be hollow in the area above the firing trigger. Because of these reasons it is simpler and less expensive to fabricate the gripframe by joining two side plates with cross members.  
           [0029]    The barrel of the Spinning Lock Breech Bolt and Breech Bolt Receiver System sits on top of two plates and is joined to them and thus the barrel itself is part of the gripframe as this joint is the anchoring point for the entire Spinning Lock Breech Bolt and Breech Bolt Receiver System. This fixed barrel design provides for great accuracy. An ejector stud affixed to the gripframe behind the barrel works in conjunction with whatever type of extractor hook is fitted to the breech bolt.  
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0030]    Note that, hatching, which inclines to the right, indicates components of the frame. Hatching, which inclines to the left, indicates moving components.  
         [0031]    All moving parts act on a plane formed by length and height, the third dimension of depth is therefore only shown where necessary.  
         [0032]    [0032]FIG. 1 is a left side cut-away view of the complete firearm with all of its components illustrated as showing their location and relationship to each other while the breech bolt is locked in its closed position.  
         [0033]    [0033]FIG. 2 is a left side cut-away view of the firearm gripframes extreme rear end only, shown with the Detachable Firing Assembly detached from it.  
         [0034]    [0034]FIG. 3 is a left side cut-away view of the SLR system only with its components illustrated as showing their location and relationship to each other while the breech bolt is in its open position.  
         [0035]    [0035]FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view taken from FIG. 3 along the line  2 — 2  altered to illustrate the rotating lockshaft locking the firing pin.  
         [0036]    [0036]FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view taken from FIG. 3 along the line  2 — 2  altered to illustrate the rotating lockshaft while unlocked and firing pins position when struck.  
         [0037]    [0037]FIG. 6 is a portion of the cross sectional view taken from FIG. 1 along the line  1 — 1  illustrating the rotating lockshaft locking the breech bolt manual operating handle.  
         [0038]    [0038]FIG. 7 is a portion of the cross sectional view taken from FIG. 3 along the line  1 — 1  illustrating the rotating lockshaft while unlocked and the breech bolt manual operating handle while drawn.  
         [0039]    [0039]FIG. 8 is a left side view of the TLR system&#39;s constituents in mechanism at the moment the breech bolt catch engages the breech bolt while the firing trigger is depressed.  
         [0040]    [0040]FIG. 9 is a left side view of the TLR system&#39;s constituents in mechanism showing the cam following levers secondary action as the firing trigger is released thus moving the sliding cam forward.  
         [0041]    [0041]FIG. 10 is a left side view of the TLR system&#39;s constituents in mechanism while the breech bolt catch is engaged and the firing trigger has reset.  
         [0042]    [0042]FIG. 11 is a left side view of the TLR system&#39;s constituents in mechanism at the moment the breech bolt catch is disengaged by the rearward motion of the sliding cam.  
         [0043]    [0043]FIG. 12 is a top view provided to show the lateral orientation of the TLR systems components.  
         [0044]    [0044]FIG. 13 is an exploded rear perspective of the gripframes components.  
         [0045]    [0045]FIG. 14 is a rear perspective view of the gripframe.  
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0046]    This patent application has been divided into four sections because four new and separate devices have been combined into this single firearm invention.  
         [0047]    The first is a new telescoping breech bolt and breech bolt receiver system named the Spinning Lock Breech Bolt and Breech Bolt Receiver System (SLR) referred to in FIGS. 1, 3,  4 ,  5 ,  6 ,  7 ,  13  and  14 .  
         [0048]    In this design the long leg of an L-shaped breech bolt  1  lays on top of a firearm barrel  2  and is retained to it by a breech bolt hood  3  but not tightly so as to allow the breech bolt  1  to reciprocate freely. The U-shaped sight mount  39  reinforces the breech bolt hood  3  as they are welded together.  
         [0049]    A tension spring  4  tethers from the inside front wall of breech bolt hood  3  to a crosspin  5  inside the breech bolt  1  loading it forward.  
         [0050]    A lug which projects downward from the underside of the breech bolts  1  front end interacts with a step in the firearms barrel  2  to limit the breech bolts  1  rearward motion.  
         [0051]    This breech bolt  1  has a built-in locking system which holds the breech bolt  1  in its closed and forwardmost position as shown in FIG. 1. Two locking balls  6 , one protruding upward and the other downward from the breech bolt  1  to engage a recess in the breech bolt hood  3  and a recess in the barrel  2  while being parted vertically by a spring loaded bullet wedge  7  that is loaded forward by a compression spring  8 .  
         [0052]    When this firearm is fired, the severe rearward forces of detonation causes the locking balls  6  to retract into the breech bolt  1  as the wedge  7  withdraws from them allowing the breech bolt  1  to recoil and reload.  
         [0053]    In order to operate the breech bolt  1  manually the breech has to be unlocked first as it takes several hundred pounds of rearward force to operate the breech bolt  1  otherwise.  
         [0054]    A breech bolt manual operating handle  9  is linked to the bullet wedge  7  by its retaining pin  10  which passes vertically through a longitudinal slot in the top surface of the breech bolt  1  as the retaining pin  10  distends a longitudinal slot in the manual operating handle  9  which is blade-like and lays flat on the top of the breech bolt  1  while being sandwiched against the upper inner surface of the breech bolt hood  3 .  
         [0055]    The rear end of the blade-like manual operating handle  9  laterally joins a right and left side grip pad.  
         [0056]    By gripping the pads, indicated generally as  36 , the manual operating handle  9  can be drawn rearward as well as the bullet wedge  7  to unlock the breech until the wedge retaining pin  10  reaches the rear end of the slot in the breech bolt  1  at which point the breech bolt  1  will move rearward with the manual operating handle  9  until it reaches its recoil limit as shown in FIG. 3. The breech bolt catch  22  may engage the notch in the breech bolt  1  while in this position.  
         [0057]    Referring to FIGS. 1, 3,  4 ,  5 ,  6  and  7  the Spinning Lock Safety System is a thumb wheel operated, notched rotating lockshaft  11  which retains to the breech bolt  1 , and controls the position and movement of, the manual operating handle  9  and the breech bolt&#39;s firing pin  12  by passing through a keyhole slot in the rear end of the manual operating handle  9  and sitting in a vertical bore in the rear end of the breech bolt  1  while the bottom end of the rotating lockshaft  11  distends a notch in the firing pin  12  which is spring loaded rearward by a compression spring  13 .  
         [0058]    The detent pin  14  and a compression spring  15  are stacked in a vertical bore just in front of, and parallel to, the rotating lockshaft  11  while the detent pin  14  is loaded upward to pass through the keyhole slot in the manual operating handle  9  and contacts the underside of the thumb wheel  40  which is affixed to the top end of the rotating lockshaft  11 . The rear end of the manual operating handle  9  is sandwiched between the lockshafts thumb wheel  40  and the top surface of the breech bolt  1 .  
         [0059]    The rotating lockshaft  11  acts to change the revolutionary location of flats notched into it and to provide the means by which the manual operating handle  9  and the firing pin  12  are locked and unlocked simultaneously as demonstrated by the cross sectional views of FIGS. 4, 5,  6  and  7  which are taken from FIGS. 1 and 3 at lines  1 — 1  and  2 — 2 .  
         [0060]    A pin  16  is press fit into a lateral hole in the breech bolt  1  intersecting the rotating lockshafts bore and distends in a circumferential groove in the rotating lockshaft  11  so as to retain it while allowing it to rotate freely in both directions.  
         [0061]    The revolutionary position of the rotating lockshaft  11  and lock status of SLR system is visually determined by colored status symbols on the circumferential surface of rotating lockshaft  11  that appear in window(s) in the rear end and (or) both sides of the breech bolt  1 .  
         [0062]    The second, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, is a Detachable Firing Assembly Housing  17  which attaches to and detaches from this firearms gripframe  18  without any separate fasteners, so as to render this firearm inoperable instantaneously by simply removing it from the firearm.  
         [0063]    The upper end of the Detachable Firing Assembly Housing  17  is grooved so that it saddles the upper cross member  19  which joins the side plates of the gripframe  18  at its rear and upper area.  
         [0064]    The lower end of the Detachable Firing Assembly Housing  17  has a spring loaded ballpoint holding pin  21  projecting slightly from it, downward, which engages a ramp and recess in the lower cross member  20  which joins the side plates of the gripframe  18  at its rear and lower area.  
         [0065]    Referring to FIG. 2 the Detachable Firing Assembly Housing  17  is installed into the gripframe  18  by two motions.  
         [0066]    Motion arrow  1  (MA 1 ) shows how the upper end of the housing  17  is put between the side plates of the gripframe  18  and slid upward until the groove in the housing  17  rests on the upper cross member  19 .  
         [0067]    Motion arrow  2  (MA 2 ) shows how the lower end of the housing  17  drops into the gripframe  18  and the holding pin  21  will retract as it engages the ramp in the lower cross member  20  until the housing  17  is fully seated in the gripframe  18  at which point the holding pin  21  seats in a recess in the lower cross member  20  so as to hold the housing  17  firmly in the gripframe  18  without fasteners as shown in FIG. 1. The firing hammers  33  loading spring  34  also loads the holding pin  21 .  
         [0068]    The Detachable Firing Assembly Housing  17  is easily removed by simply prying the Housing  17  from the gripframe  18  with any blade-like object as a notch in the rear edge of either of the gripframe  18  side plates will provide a prying space.  
         [0069]    The third is the Trigger Operated Breech Bolt Lockback Releasing System whose operation is, and components are, discussed on a step by step basis as shown by FIGS. 1, 3,  8 ,  9 ,  10 ,  11  and  12 .  
         [0070]    Referring to FIG. 12 the breech bolt catch  22  is linked to the breech bolt catch engaging lever  23  by a machine screw  32 .  
         [0071]    Referring to FIG. 8 the breech bolt catch  22  engages the fully recoiled breech bolt  1  as it, is linked to and, moves upward with the breech bolt catch engaging lever  23  which hinges on cross pin  35  and the engaging levers  23  rear end is forced to arc upward indicated by motion arrow  3  (MA 3 ), by the rising feeder of an empty cartridge magazine after the last round in the firearm has been discharged so that the breech bolt  1  is locked in its open position as shown in FIG. 3. Tension spring  30  loads the cam following lever  24  rearward and tension spring  31  loads the firing trigger  26  forward and the breech bolt catch engaging lever  23  downward.  
         [0072]    Referring to FIG. 9 the cam following lever&#39;s  24  secondary tangential motion allows the breech bolt catch  22  to remain engaged and escape the forward motion of the sliding cam  25  as the firing trigger  26  is released and allowed to reset in its normal fashion. A stud pin  37 , which projects from a flat side of the breech bolt catch engaging lever  23  as well as hinge pin  35  passes through slots in the blade-like cam following lever  24 , to allow the secondary action, as shown by FIG. 12 also.  
         [0073]    Referring to FIG. 10 the firing trigger  26  has reset fully while the breech bolt catch  22  still locks the breech bolt  1  in its open position as the firing triggers  26  forward travel is limited by a stud pin  38  which projects from the breech bolt catch engaging lever  23  and while at this position the stud pin  38  engages a notch in the extension arm of the sliding cam  25  which is affixed to the trigger  26 , and thus locking the breech bolt catch engaging lever  23  up and thus further the breech bolt catch  22  so as to prevent its accidental disengagment from the breech bolt  1  when the firearm has been subjected to an accidental shock.  
         [0074]    Referring to FIG. 11 the breech bolt  1  is released by drawing the firing trigger  26  which also moves the sliding cam  25  rearward to engage the cam following lever  24  forcing both it and the breech bolt catch engaging lever  23  to arc downward as this action pulls the breech bolt catch  22  downward disengaging it from the breech bolt  1  and thus the breech bolts action spring  4  forces the breech bolt  1  to the closed position as shown in FIG. 1, this view also shows the firing trigger  26  in its firing position as the sliding cams  25  extension arm rests on stud pin  38 .  
         [0075]    The fourth and last is a Gripframe  18  which is fabricated by welding sheet metal parts together rather than a one piece forging. This firearm fabrication method is ideally suited for this firearm because it has so many internal components and its firing mechanism is housed by a removable forging.  
         [0076]    Referring to FIGS. 13 and 14 the right  27  and the left frame plate  28  are joined by a flange projecting from each plate, towards each other, to form the front wall of the magazine well. The extreme rear end of the right  27  and the left frame plate  28  are joined at the top by a round cross member  19  and at the bottom by a rectangular cross member  20 . The trigger guard  29  is an L-shaped bar which joins the nose of the right  27  and left frame plate  28  and also joins the plates just below the trigger area. The most unique feature of this firearm gripframe  18  is that the barrel  2  acts as stressed member in the gripframe  18  by joining the right  27  and left frame plate  28  at the upper front area of the gripframe  18 .