Abstract:
A drive is capable of printing a label on a unit of optical media. The drive includes a first head optically communicating with the media on a first side and a second label printing head for applying a visual label associated with the unit of optical media on a second side while the media is in an operational position. The first head includes an optical read-only head or read-write head. The second label printing head includes a fixed or movable print head, thermal, ink jet, or laser print head. The second head can communicate through electrical contacts or a wireless interface with a circular film having addressable elements capable of being addressed and providing a visual display via liquid crystal elements.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention generally relates to the field of computer peripherals, and the like, and particularly to a printer mechanism for use in printing removable media while within a removable media drive. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   The usefulness of labels is self-evident. For removable media such as CD/DVD, optical media, and other media such as floppy discs, VHS tapes, and the like, labeling identifies the contents of the media or alternatively may contain a date of recording, a coded index related to the contents, or the like. Computers, with their attendant large quantities of information processing capabilities including the relatively recent addition of CD/DVD “burning” capabilities, may benefit from labeling capabilities for removable storage. It is well known that computer users possess the capability through specially adapted software designed to print labels for their CDs and DVDs using conventional laser and ink jet printers. In some cases users may possess the capability to print directly onto the disc itself using a variety of methods and arrangements. In U.S. Pat. No. 6,202,550, B1 issued on Mar. 20, 2001 to Lee et al, a printer is described using ink jet or laser print heads arranged orthogonally to print annular indicia on the surface of a compact disc. It should be noted that in the system of Lee et al, the print heads rotate while the disk remains stationary. Thermal printing systems are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,312,174 B1 issued on Nov. 16, 2001 to Drynkin et al, and U.S. Pat. No. 6,148,722 issued Nov. 21, 2000 to Hagstrom. While these printing systems allow for printing directly onto a CD or DVD, none are convenient for the user in that the disc must be removed from use and inserted into a separate device apart from the drive particularly given that rotation speeds required for reading and writing differ significantly from low speeds associated with labeling. 
   In U.S. Pat. No. 6,270,177 B1 issued on Aug. 7, 2001 to King et al, a printing system is described having a printer unit with an ink jet print head, a detachable print roll cartridge for printing on paper. Although the printing unit may be inserted into an empty drive bay of a computer, there is no provision for printing directly on discs. Since even at best, CD printing is a separate process from “burning” or writing the CD conducted on a separate device, the additional step leads to clutter on the user desktop as with a typical means such as, for example, a CD Stomper and label sheets. In addition, printer alignment and associated adjustment of printer settings with each label sheet used further complicates the conventional labeling process. Thus, the process of “creating” a CD or DVD is typically broken up into two general steps: the “inside” process of “burning” or writing the data to the disc, and the “outside” process of printing and affixing a label on the disc or alternatively printing directly onto the disc since some CDs may have a textured upper surface enabling text or image printing with either laser or inkjet printing technologies. Conventional disc printing remains however a separate, bothersome process requiring additional equipment to take up desktop or shelf space. The conventional process forces users to engage in additional steps such as removing standard paper from their printer and replacing it with label paper every time the creation of a labeled CD/DVD is desired, which process represents an intrusion on the desktop arrangement and may waste time. 
   An additional issue related to printing on a CD/DVD is the printing media itself. One disadvantage associated with conventional CD/DVD labeling media is the potential smearing of ink in ink jet printing schemes, and toner smearing for laser related printing. A solution to the abovementioned problems involves printing on a separate label which may then be attached to the CD/DVD upon removal of both the CD/DVD media from the drive and the printed label from the printing mechanism requiring additional steps. If a change in label content is desired, a new label must be printed and the old label removed since accumulation of labels could lead to interference with drive rotation mechanisms. Thus it is apparent that many conventional label printing methods and devices fall short of providing convenient label printing on CD/DVD media. 
   Consequently, it would be desirable to provide a way to integrate CD/DVD media label printing with the media “burning” or writing process, so that the operation of “creating a CD” may be completely performed within the same device. It would further be desirable to provide media label printing which could make use of conventional printing methods, e.g. ink, toner, or the like, and also go beyond the use inks or toners. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a drive, preferably an internal drive, for optical media data storage reading and writing having an internal CD/DVD labeling capability, without the need for media removal. 
   In one embodiment, a drive is provided which is capable of printing a label on a unit of optical media, e.g. an optical disc such as a CD or DVD. The drive of the present invention preferably includes a chassis drive unit, e.g. a frame including the motor drive mechanism, spindle and other features typically associated with a drive such as head support mechanisms, enclosures, connectors, and the like. The drive may further include a transport mechanism coupled to the chassis drive unit capable of accepting the unit of optical media and positioning the unit, for example with a motor drive system, within the drive and placing it in an operational position such as in proximity to heads. A first head, such as a write and/or read head, may be coupled to the chassis drive unit and may be capable of optically communicating with the unit of optical media on a first side. A second label printing head may be coupled to the chassis drive unit and may be capable of applying a visual label associated with the unit of optical media on a second side thereof. It should be noted that the first and the second heads are capable of optically communicating and applying of the visual label respectively while the unit of optical media is positioned within the drive in the operational position. Accordingly, label printing and data reading and writing may be accomplished without media removal. The inventive drive&#39;s first head may include an optical read-only head or an optical read-write head, while the second head may include, but is not limited to: a fixed print head, a movable print head, a thermal print head, an ink jet print head, or a laser print head. It should be noted that in accordance with various alternative exemplary embodiments, the unit of optical media is capable of being equipped with an electronic labeling device. The second head is capable of communicating with the electronic labeling device when the unit is accepted within the transport mechanism in the operational position through one or more electrical contacts, or through a wireless interface. 
   In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, a circular film is capable of being bonded to a unit of optical media. The circular film preferably includes a bonding region where the film may be bonded to a unit of optical media such as an optical disc, CD/DVD or the like, and may further include an addressable element region coupled to the bonding region, e.g. embedded within a film layer associated with the circular film. The addressable element region preferably contains one or more addressable elements capable of being addressed by a head and thereby providing a visual display when addressed. The addressable elements may include display elements such as liquid crystal elements and may further include one or more contacts. The addressable elements are thus capable of being addressed by electrical contact between the contacts and a contact head. Alternatively, the addressable elements may include one or more wireless receivers associated therewith capable of being addressed through a wireless interface with a wireless head. 
   In accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention, an article of manufacture is provided which is capable of being applied to a unit of optical media. The article of manufacture may include a circular film with a bonding region, e.g. to bond to the optical media, and an addressable element region coupled to the bonding region and containing one or more addressable elements. The addressable elements may be capable of being addressed by a head and thereby providing a visual display when addressed. The circular film may further include a contact region at an edge thereof wherein the addressable elements are addressable through contact with one or more corresponding row contacts and one or more corresponding column contacts in the contact region by a contact head. The addressable elements may further be addressable through a wireless interface with one or more receivers associated with the one or more addressable elements and a wireless head. 
   In accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention, a mechanism is provided which is capable of printing a label on a unit of optical media, such as an optical disc, CD, DVD or the like. The mechanism preferably includes a first head, such as a write and/or read head, capable of optically communicating with the unit of optical media on a first side. A second label printing head may be coupled to a least a portion of the first head, e.g. through a chassis or frame piece or the like, and may be capable of applying a visual label associated with the media on a second side. It should be noted that in accordance with the present invention, the first head and the second label printing head are capable of optically communicating and applying the visual label, respectively while the unit of optical media is positioned within the drive in an operational position. In accordance with various exemplary embodiments, the first head may include an optical read-only head or an optical read-write head. The second label printing head may include but is not limited to: a fixed print head, a movable print head, a thermal print head, an ink jet print head, a laser print head, or the like. Alternatively, an electronic labeling device may be provided capable of being bonded with the optical media. In such an instance, the second label printing head is preferably capable of communicating with the electronic labeling device when the media is in the operational position through one or more electrical contacts or, alternatively, through a wireless interface. 
   In accordance with still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a computer system is provided capable of printing a label on a unit of optical media with a single insertion thereof within the computer system. Accordingly, the computer system preferably includes a processor; and an optical drive coupled to the processor, e.g. having both a data write and/or read capability and a label printing capability. The optical drive preferably includes a first head capable of optically communicating with the optical media on a first side thereof, and a second label printing head coupled to a least a portion of the first head, e.g. through a frame member or chassis. The second label printing head is preferably capable of applying a visual label associated with the unit of optical media on a second side thereof. It should be noted that the first head and the second label printing head are capable of optically communicating and applying the visual label, respectively, while the optical media is positioned within the optical drive in an operational position. In accordance with various exemplary embodiments, the first head preferably includes an optical read-only head or optical read-write head. The second head preferably includes but is not limited to: a fixed print head, a movable print head, a thermal print head, an ink jet print head, or a laser print head. The unit of optical media may further be capable of being equipped with an electronic labeling device. The second head is preferably capable of communicating with the electronic labeling device when the unit is in the operational position through one or more electrical contacts. Alternatively, the second head is capable of communicating with the electronic labeling device through a wireless interface. 
   It is to be understood that both the forgoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and together with the general description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The numerous advantages of the present invention may be better understood by those skilled in the art by reference to the accompanying figures in which: 
       FIG. 1A  is a diagram illustrating an exemplary conventional computer system including both an internal CD/DVD read/write drive and a separate internal CD/DVD labeler and a stand alone CD/DVD labeler; 
       FIG. 1B  is a flow chart illustrating steps associated with writing and labeling a CD/DVD in an exemplary conventional computer system including both an internal CD/DVD read/write drive and a separate internal CD/DVD labeler and/or a stand alone CD/DVD labeler; 
       FIG. 2A  is a diagram illustrating a computer system including an exemplary internal CD/DVD read/write drive having a CD/DVD labeler in accordance with the present invention; 
       FIG. 2B  is a flow chart illustrating exemplary steps associated with writing and labeling a CD/DVD in the same drive in accordance with the present invention; 
       FIG. 3A  is a diagram illustrating an exemplary internal CD/DVD read/write drive showing optical read/write heads and an exemplary CD/DVD labeler head in accordance with the present invention; 
       FIG. 3B  is a diagram illustrating an exemplary internal CD/DVD read/write drive further illustrating optical read/write heads and an exemplary CD/DVD labeler moving head in accordance with the present invention; 
       FIG. 3C  is a diagram illustrating an exemplary internal CD/DVD read/write drive further illustrating optical read/write heads and an exemplary CD/DVD labeler stationary head in accordance with the present invention; 
       FIG. 4A  is a flow chart illustrating exemplary low-level steps associated with the use of an exemplary CD/DVD labeler head in accordance with the present invention; 
       FIG. 4B  is a flow chart illustrating exemplary high-level steps associated with the use of an exemplary CD/DVD labeler head in accordance with the present invention; 
       FIG. 5A  is a diagram illustrating an exemplary internal CD/DVD read/write drive showing optical read/write heads and an exemplary CD/DVD labeler head in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 5B  is a diagram illustrating an exemplary connection scheme for electronic ink cells in accordance with various alternative exemplary embodiments of the present invention; and 
       FIG. 5C  is a diagram illustrating an exemplary label with electronic ink and an exemplary CD/DVD labeler head to connect therewith in accordance with various alternative exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention provides a drive for optical media data storage reading and writing having an internal CD/DVD labeling capability, without the need for media removal. In accordance with the present invention a moving or stationary print head using thermal or ink printing may be incorporated with a conventional optical read/write head. Alternatively, an electronic label may be affixed to the optical media and a print head may connect to the electronic label to address, e.g. “write” to individual cells on the label to produce visually readable characters thereon. 
   As can be seen from  FIG. 1A  in scenario  100 , label writing capabilities can be provided in, for example, desktop tower  110  as drive  111  which may be inserted as a peripheral in addition to other peripherals such as optical drive  112 . Alternatively, label writing capabilities may be provided in stand alone system  120  having labeler  121 . As described above, certain disadvantages are attendant in either circumstance. The primary problem with a conventional system as is better illustrated in  FIG. 1B , is associated with the need for removal of the CD/DVD from a data storage reading and/or writing device to place it in a separate device sometimes remote from the reading or writing system. During a typical session, a CD/DVD may be, for example, written as in step  130  while within drive unit such as optical drive  112 . The CD/DVD may then be removed as in step  140  from optical drive  112  and inserted as in step  150  into labeling unit where a label may be generated as in step  160 . The process may also be reversed as also shown in  FIG. 1B  where the label is generated first as in step  160 , the CD/DVD removed from the labeling unit as in step  150 , CD/DVD inserted into a drive unit such as optical drive  112  as in step  140 , and the CD/DVD read or written therewithin. Regardless of what is desired in terms of label writing or data reading or writing it can be seen that steps  140  and  150  are inseparable, e.g. media must be removed from one drive and placed in another to complete a media management task. It is clearly preferable and advantageous to allow for label printing and data reading and writing without the necessity of the additional steps associated with media removal and re-insertion into separate drives. It should be noted that although reference is made to a CD/DVD, the present invention applies to any unit, e.g. disc or the like, of optical media. In alternative embodiments, the present invention is practiced with other medias and storage components, including conventional media environments, e.g. 3.5′ floppy disks or other diskette formats, VCR tapes, DVDs, backup digital tapes, or the like. 
   Thus in accordance with various exemplary embodiments and alternative exemplary embodiments of the present invention, drive  211  is provided including a label printer and a data reading and writing capability is shown in  FIG. 2A  in scenario  200 . It should be noted that the label printer and read and/or write head may be coupled to a chassis drive unit (not shown) housing, for example, a single transport mechanism the drive motor, servos, and the like, as would be appreciated by one of skill in the art. A single transport mechanism is all that is required since a unit of optical media may be inserted once for both label writing and data writing on the media. Desktop tower  210  may be provided with inventive drive  211  obviating the need for an additional optical drive mechanism for data reading and writing or the need for a separate media labeler. It will be appreciated that drive  211  in accordance with alternative embodiments of the present invention may be provided as stand alone unit  220 . Whether provided in stand alone unit  220  or in desktop tower  210 , drive  211  of the present invention simplifies media management as can be seen from  FIG. 2B . As in step  230 , a CD/DVD may be inserted into a single transport mechanism associated with drive  211 , reading or writing may be conducted as in step  240  and labeling generated in step  250 . Alternatively, labeling may be generated first in step  250  before reading or writing as in step  240 , or insertion as in step  230 . It can easily be seen that whether data reading or writing, label generating or inserting removing media, the steps relate to each other in the same linear sequence, e.g. step  230 ,  240 ,  250 ,  230 ; or  230 ,  250 ,  240 ,  230 . It will further be appreciated that in some instances of media management, a label alone may be generated. If a media label has already been printed, data reading or writing may be all that is desired for a particular media management session. It will further be appreciated that in accordance with various alternative exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the label printer may be used in connection with a read only optical head mechanism. 
   To better appreciate the drive of the present invention, a more detailed view of exemplary scenario  300  is shown in  FIG. 3A . Drive  310  may be provided with optical transport mechanism  320  having head  312  which may be a read/write head or a read only head, and further with label printing mechanism  330 . CD/DVD or other optical media  312  may be placed within drive  310  through slot  311 .  FIG. 3B  and  FIG. 3C  better illustrate optical transport mechanism  320  and label printing mechanism  330 . 
   Label printing mechanism  330  is provided with print head  331  which may be an ink-based printing head such as an inkjet or similar technology, a thermal-based print head such as laser or similar technology, or the like, as would be known to one of ordinary skill in the art. In  FIG. 3B  print head  331  is shown to be a moving head technology and in  FIG. 3C , print head  332  is shown as a stationary head technology. It will be appreciated by one of skill in the art that the moving head technology, for example as associated with print head  331 , requires a head transport mechanism such that the print head may be positioned along the entire radius of the disc while stationary head technology, for example as associated with print head  332 , has printing means spanning the entire radius of the disc. 
   In order to properly manage operation of the drive in accordance with the present invention, certain basic system operations may be performed by high and/or low level software to manage in particular the transition from reading or writing data to the media or to label the media. It will be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the speed required for data writing and/or reading is different from the relatively slower speed associated with label printing. In other embodiments, label printing is performed at regular read/write speeds. In these embodiments, which utilize precision control, the two operations are combined with reading/writing/label printing being performed simultaneously. 
   Of particular interest is the step of writing either data to the CD/DVD, or writing labels to the surface of the disk or to an electronic label as will be described in greater detail hereinafter. In step  410  of the flowchart illustrated in  FIG. 4A , a unit of optical media, e.g. a media disc may be inserted into the drive unit in the usual fashion, e.g. via an access slot in the front of the drive or a transport mechanism. In either case, the media disc may be accepted into the transport and brought into position within the drive such that the media is in operational position relative to, for example, the data write and/or read head and the label printing head. It should be noted, that in accordance with the present invention, the media may be written to and read and/or printed while in the same operational position. The media may be initialized, that is, information may be read regarding the contents of the media, if any, and the status of the media, e.g. is the media write ready, is the label ready to write, has a label been previously written, or the like. 
   While the electronic label to be described in greater detail hereinafter may preferably be re-written at will, an ink or thermal label written directly on the surface of the media may typically be written once. Thus it would be desirable to maintain a file, preferably somewhere on the media, indicating the media label write status. The media status may then be reported in step  411  to the Operating System (OS). If test  412  indicates that the media is ready for file and/or label writing, data for file and or label writing may be loaded in step  414 , e.g. from a software application or active directory window or the like, otherwise, a signal or the like may be generated in step  413  to the OS so that the appropriate window, message, or the like may be displayed for the user indicating that the media is not ready for file and or label writing and perhaps more detailed information as would be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art. If test  415  reveals that file data does exist to be written, it may be written in step  417 , if there is no file data or no additional file data to be written, test  416  may be run to reveal whether label data exists to be written and, if so, it may be written in step  418  to the media. 
   While the above steps indicate an exemplary sequence of low level steps associated with writing data to and labeling a CD/DVD, it is useful to consider the operation of an exemplary higher level software application as is shown in  FIG. 4B . Therein, as above, a media disc may be inserted in step  410  and media status determined and reported in step  411 . From there, a window could be launched in step  420  to guide a user through various possible options or actions that can be taken associated with the media including media labeling. In step  421 , the user&#39;s action preference may be determined, and an appropriate software application may be launched in step  422  for managing the detailed operations associated with the particular action preference. If test  423  reveals a file writing application has been launched, media may be prepared in step  424  for writing and then written in step  425 , otherwise, if test  426  reveals a label writing application has been launched, then the disc may be prepared for label writing in step  427  and then written in step  428 . It will be noted that at the completion of step  428  or the completion of step  425  with no label data to be written, process flow may return and cycle awaiting the detection of subsequent write requests for file data and/or label data wherein the abovementioned steps may be repeated. 
   In accordance with various alternative exemplary embodiments, labels may be written using an electronic labeling device or “electronic ink” which may be bonded, glued, attached, applied or otherwise associated in a manner known in the art with a unit of optical media as illustrated in  FIG. 5A  in scenario  500 . Labeling may be provided in drive  510  for media  312  by way of film  512  with addressable elements thereon which film  512  may be placed on the surface of media  312  either during the manufacturing process thereof or thereafter. Film  512  may be provided with edge contacts  513  readable once inserted into slot  511 , by a series of corresponding contacts disposed within head unit  530  as will be described in greater detail hereinafter. In accordance with other embodiments, the addressable elements used in “electronic ink” technology may be embedded within, or adhered directly to, the media  312  itself, rather than using film  512  with addressable media. It should be noted that, as in other embodiments, drive  510  may be equipped with optical transport  320  with head  321  which may be a read-write head or a read only head. To better understand film  512  in accordance with the present invention, reference may be made to  FIG. 5B . It is apparent that film  512  may have edge  513 , and contact area  515 . Attachment of film  512  to disc  312  may be made with attachment method  516  which may include thermal bonding, glue bonding, static bonding, adhesive, adhesiveless, or other methods known to those skilled in the art. Disc  312  with film  512  applied thereon may be placed in a transport mechanism associated with the drive and brought into an operational position in proximity with head unit  530  wherein head contacts  531  may come into contact with element contacts associated with writing on film  512  as will be described in greater detail herein below. 
   A more detailed view of exemplary elements of film  512  are shown in  FIG. 5C  in scenario  540 . It can be seen that film  512  includes a series of addressable elements  541  which could be, for example, liquid crystal elements, or other elements which respond to electrical stimulus by being in a clear or visibly non-clear optical state. By connecting to column contacts  543  and row contacts  544  associated with a particular element  541 , data corresponding to the desired character or fill pattern for the particular element  541  may be communicated to form a visible label. It should be noted that elements  541  may correspond to individual character elements which may be written to with data corresponding to the character which is desired to be displayed. Alternatively, each element  541  may be pixel-like in nature where each element  541  is either clear or visible if addressed/not addressed and may be part of a larger array which may be used to form visible patterns or characters making up a visible label based on the individual on-off settings of elements  541 . It will be appreciated that although only one column of addressable elements is shown, many more are present over film  512 . It will further be appreciated that although elements  541  are shown as electronically addressable through contacts, it may be preferable to address elements electronically through a wireless interface, e.g. either through wireless coupling, including capacitive coupling to contacts or through direct wireless access either to individual elements equipped with small, low power, inexpensive receivers or a single receiver with connections to all elements. In a direct wireless scheme, head unit  530  may preferably include a small wireless transmitter using a proprietary protocol for element addressing and writing and further to “fix” the contents of the elements, e.g. to prevent further writing. 
   It is believed that the internal CD/DVD label printer and electronic ink of the present invention and many of its attendant advantages will be understood by the forgoing description. It is also believed that it will be apparent that various changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the components thereof without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention or without sacrificing all of its material advantages. The form herein before described being merely an explanatory embodiment thereof. It is the intention of the following claims to encompass and include such changes.