Abstract:
MOS semiconductor address buffer for converting TTL logic states to a MOS logic state requiring only a single clock and having improved power efficiency. The address buffer operates in response to the single clock pulse to set a latch and connect the latch to output drives for providing complementary MOS logic levels.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION 
     The present invention pertains to the MOS semiconductor art. Specifically, a buffer circuit for converting TTL logic signal levels to MOS logic signal levels is described. 
     In the MOS semiconductor art large scale integrated circuits are produced. Included among this class of semiconductor devices are MOS memories which are addressed through a plurality of address signals and the logical complement of these signals. 
     In many applications of memories and other types of circuit devices produced in the technology it is necessary to drive the circuit device from another type of semiconductor logic circuitry such as TTL. The TTL circuitry operates at different voltage levels providing a binary 1 at greater than 2.2 volts and a binary 0 at less than 0.6 volts. These logic levels are insufficient and in some instances incompatible with MOS logic levels. 
     Buffer circuits have been devised to provide conversion of TTL logic levels to levels compatible with MOS logic circuits. These are included in a 16K dynamic RAM, No. MK 4116, manufactured by MOSTEK which can be driven directly with TTL logic. The device is power efficient but requires three clocks to operate. The multiple clocks impose an undesirable speed limitation on the operation of the buffer and hence to the remaining circuitry connected with the buffer. 
     In an other type of RAM which interfaces with TTL logic circuits, manufactured by Hitachi as MH6147, a high speed static 16K RAM, the speed of the device is adequate. The power efficiency, however, suffers because of the d.c. current flow through an inverter in the device which receives the TTL driving signals. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the invention to provide an interface circuit between any type of MOS logic circuit and an TTL logic circuit. 
     It is more particular object of the invention to provide an address buffer for a MOS memory which is high speed and power efficient. 
     These and other objects are accomplished by circuitry in accordance with the present invention. A cross coupled latch is provided which is controlled by chip enable signals CSI, and its complement CSI. During one state of the CSI and CSI signals, the latch is disabled conserving power, and the cross coupled latch receives as an input a reference level and a TTL logic level. The latch will assume a state corresponding to the received TTL level during a second state of the signals. A pass circuit connects the latch nodes to first and second inverter chains. During the second state of the CSI and CSI signals the latch assumes the appropriate logic state defined by the reference level and TTL level and the pass circuit makes the connection between inverter chains and the nodes providing a MOS logical level and its complement. During the one state of the CSI and CSI signals the cross-coupled latch is isolated from the inverter chains by an interrupt function of the pass circuit. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES 
     FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a buffer according to one embodiment of the invention which provides MOS logic levels from TTL logic levels. 
     FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a buffer according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     Referring now to FIG. 1, there is shown an MOS RAM 11 having a plurality of address inputs Ao through An. Although the preferred embodiment is described in terms of an address buffer for a memory, its use for converting TTL logic levels to MOS logic levels is applicable to other circuit devices. The address lines also include complementary inputs Ao to An. The MOS RAM 11 is addressed by a TTL logic circuit 5. The input TTL logic levels are less than 0.6 volts and greater than 2.2 volts corresponding to a binary 0 and 1 respectively. The output logic levels are between 0 and 5 volts respectively for driving the address inputs of MOS RAM 11. The buffer 7 requires a single clock represented by CSI and its complement, CSI. 
     Referring now to FIG. 2, one embodiment of the buffer is shown implemented in MOS semiconductor techniques. The elements of the buffer are field effect transistors of either N or P channel type hereinafter referred to as an NFET or PFET. The input cross coupled latch is provided by circuitry 15. The cross coupled latch 15 includes first and second switches comprising NFET 34 and PFET 28. The switches feed a pair of parallel connected, serial transistor pairs 25, 30 and 26, 32. FET 25 and 26 are P channel and 30 and 32 are N channel. The gates of each transistor pair 25, 30 and 26, 32 are connected together with the junction of an opposite transistor pair to form first and second Nodes N 1 , N 2 . 
     The cross coupled latch 15 receives on each node N 1 , N 2  a reference voltage and TTL logic level through NFET 22 and NFET 23. The cross coupled latch 15 receives the node input voltages during CSI=1. The chip select, CSI, occurs when the MOSRAM 11 address lines are to be addressed. The CSI pulse along with its complement CSI is the only clock pulse required to operate the buffer. 
     The nodes of the cross coupled latch 15 are connected to a current path circuit 16. The current path circuit 16 also operates under control of CSI and CSI. During CSI=1, the nodes are connected via current path circuit 16 to the inputs N 3 , N 4  of inverter chains 18 and 19. During the period when CSI=1 and CSI=0 the connection between the inverter chains 18 and 19 and the nodes N 1 , N 2  are interrupted thus isolating the inverter chains from the cross coupled latch 15. The current path operates in a PASS mode in response to the CSI pulse=1 and CSI pulse=0 by gating NFET 39 and 43 and PFET 38 and 41 into conduction and maintaining NFET 45 and 47 OFF. During CSI=1 NFET 39, 43 and PFET 38, 41 are gated off thus isolating the inverter chains 18 and 19 from Nodes N 1 , N 2  of the cross coupled latch 15, and NFET 45 and 47 are gated on returning the inverter chains 18, 19 inputs, N 3 , N 4  to ground. 
     The inverter chains are identical except for their input connections. The chains comprise three PFETS 49, 52, 54 and 56, 58, 60 having a drain connection to VDD, and serially connected to three NFETS, 50, 53, 55, and 57, 59, 61 which provide through respective source connections a return connection to ground. The gates of a pair of serially connected transistors are connected together to form an input connection, and the common connections of the NFET and PFET from an output connection. 
     The entire circuit functions to minimize power consumption and maximize speed using only a single clock pulse CSI and its complement. The nodes N 1 , N 2  are established at the TTL level Ao and REF voltage, 1.5 volts, during CSI=1. At the beginning of CSI=1, the switches in the latch 15 comprising NFET 34 and PFET 28 are activated and latch 15 assumes the state determined by TTL logic level Ao. Inverter chains 18 and 19 are connected to the nodes N 1  and N 2  and provide complementary MOS output levels Ao and Ao. At the end of CSI=1, the cross coupled latch 15 is decoupled from the inverter chains 18, and 19. Inputs to the inverter chains 18 and 19 are maintained at GND by NFETS 45, 47 and the outputs are maintained at VDD. Maintaining the cross coupled latch 15 off prior to CSI=1, reduces over all power consumption. 
     The buffer of FIG. 2 can be implemented in CMOS. The following description of each of the FETS of FIG. 2 can be implemented to yield one embodiment of the invention. 
     
         ______________________________________Transistor No.  Type   Width/Length______________________________________22, 23          N      425, 26, 28      P      1630, 32          N      6.434              N      8.038, 41          P      5.039, 43          N      2.045, 47          N      4.049, 56          P      10.050, 57          N      8.052, 58          P      30.053, 59          N      12.054, 60          P      125.055, 61          N      100.0______________________________________ 
    
     Thus, the invention has been described in terms of one embodiment. Those skilled in the art will recognize other embodiments defined more particularly by the claims which follow. 
     Technical Improvement 
     A lower power high speed address buffer is provided for converting TTL level signals to MOS level signals and their complement.