Abstract:
For monitoring the temperature of a water-cooled bearing mounted in a strut on an engine-driven water vessel and supporting the vessel&#39;s propellor shaft, a heat sensor on the strut for sensing the bearing temperature, and visual and/or audible indicator means on the vessel operated by the heat sensor to indicate overheating of the bearing.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to an arrangement for detecting and indicating the overheating of a strut bearing that supports a propellor shaft on a water vessel. 
     Various arrangements have been proposed heretofore for detecting the overheating of oil-lubricated anti-friction bearings in a diverse types of equipment in which the bearing surfaces normally do not come into contact with water. Examples of such arrangements are disclosed in the following U.S. patents: Waseleski et al U.S. Pat. No. 3,824,579, Bergman et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,074,575, Logan et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,167,734, Korber et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,316,175, Weeks et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,354,183, El-Ibiary U.S. Pat. No. 5,433,525, Litton U.S. Pat. No. 5,446,452, Duffy et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,642,105, Rhodes et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,952,587, and Hicks U.S. Pat. No. 6,015,233. 
     It is a conventional practice on water vessels to provide one or more struts extending down from the bottom of the vessel and each holding a bearing which rotatably supports the vessel&#39;s propellor shaft. Commonly, such bearings are formed with longitudinal water passages next to the propellor shaft to keep the bearing water-cooled by the vessel&#39;s movement through the water. Any significant restriction of water flow through the bearing—such as can occur when a line gets wrapped around the propellor shaft, or some other foreign object or substance gets into the bearing—can cause potentially troublesome overheating of the bearing. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is directed to a novel arrangement of a heat sensor on such a marine bearing and a suitable visual and/or audible indicator on the vessel operatively coupled to the heat sensor to produce a warning in case the bearing overheats while the vessel is under way. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     Figure is a schematic side elevation showing a propellor shaft of a water vessel with a first embodiment of the present invention monitoring its bearings; 
     FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section through one of these bearings; 
     FIG. 3 is a cross-section through this bearing; and 
     FIG. 4 is a partial schematic side elevation similar to FIG.  1  and showing a second embodiment of the present invention monitoring one of the propellor shaft bearings. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Before explaining the present invention in detail it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the particular arrangements shown and described since the invention is capable of other embodiments. Also, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. 
     Referring to FIG. 1, the propellor  10  of a water vessel  11  is attached to the free end of a rotary propellor shaft  12  driven by an engine (not shown) on the vessel. A forward strut  13  is bolted at the top to the underside of the vessel and on its lower end presents a cylindrical barrel or stern tube  14  which holds an anti-friction marine bearing of known design for rotatably supporting the propellor shaft near where it is coupled to the engine. A rear strut  15  of generally V-shaped configuration has its upper end bolted to the vessel toward the propellor and on its lower end presents a cylindrical barrel or stern tube  16  holding another anti-friction marine bearing of known design which rotatably supports the propellor shaft  12  a short distance from the propellor. 
     FIGS. 2 and 3 show in detail one of these bearings carried by the struts. Each of these bearings is of known design and meets U.S. Navy specifications. The bearing comprises a cylindrical outer shell  17 , which may be of naval brass or of fiberglass and epoxy resin, and a tubular inner sleeve  18  of oil-resistant soft rubber glued to the inside of the outer shell  17 . The bearing is press fitted hydraulically into the barrel  14  or  16  of the corresponding strut  13  or  15  and is secured to its by set screws (not shown). 
     The rubber inner sleeve  18  of the bearing is fluted on the inside, presenting a series of circumferentially spaced longitudinal grooves or channels  19  which extend the entire length of the bearing and are open at the opposite ends of the strut barrel  14  or  16 . These grooves or channels provide water passages next to the surface of the propellor shaft, and when the vessel is under way its movement through the water draws water through these passages to lubricate and cool the bearing and the propellor shaft at their bearing surfaces. 
     In accordance with the present invention, a heat sensor of known design is mounted on each bearing to detect overheating of the bearing. In the particular two strut arrangement shown in FIG. 1, a pyroelectric transducer S- 1  is the heat sensor for the bearing held by the forward strut  13 , and a similar transducer S- 2  is the heat sensor on the bearing held by the rear strut  15 . In each the transducer is secured in a drilled and tapped opening in the side wall of the barrel of the corresponding strut. These transducers are electrically connected by respective wiring  20  and  21  to a visual gauge  22  of known design and, preferably, also to an audible alarm device  23  of known design, such as a bell, horn or siren that can be heard by the crew of the vessel over the engine noise. In addition, the indicator arrangement may include a light that goes on in response to bearing overheating to get the attention of persons on the vessel. From each heat sensor to the hull of the vessel, the wiring is enclosed in water-tight fashion by a corresponding stainless steel tube or sleeve  24  or  25 . Each temperature sensor may be a thermistor, for example, or a thermocouple or a temperature-sensitive crystal. 
     FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of this invention in which the temperature responsive signal from a strut-supported anti-friction bearing for the propellor shaft is transmitted in wireless fashion through the water to the hull of the vessel on which the visual and/or audible indicator arrangement is located. Elements shown In FIG. 4 which correspond to elements shown in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals, plus  100 . 
     As shown schematically in FIG. 4, a pyroelectric heat sensor S- 101  on the barrel  114  of the propellor shaft bearing held by the forward strut  103  is connected electrically by suitable water-tight, insulated wiring W to an electroacoustic broadcast transducer BT positioned nearby, preferably also on barrel  114 . In response to the temperature of this bearing, the heat sensor S- 101  sends an electrical signal via wiring W to the broadcast transducer BT, which converts this electrical signal into an acoustic signal in the form of a pressure wave that is transmitted through the water to an electroacoustic receiving transducer RT on the hull  111  of the vessel. Transducer RT converts this acoustic signal into a corresponding electrical signal which passes through suitable wiring on the vessel to the visual gauge  122  and/or the visual alarm device  123 . 
     It is to be understood, of course, that the acoustic coupling arrangement shown in FIG. 4 for the forward propellor shaft bearing could be used as well on the rear bearing, or that a single two strut installation may combine both a wired arrangement as shown in FIG. 1 (at one strut) and an acoustic arrangement as shown in FIG. 4 (on the other strut) 
     Also, it is to be understood that either embodiment of this invention can be applied to a vessel having just one strut bearing for the propellor shaft. 
     From the foregoing, it will be apparent that the present invention satisfies a need for monitoring the temperature of a propellor shaft bearing to detect abnormalities which might otherwise go unnoticed by the operator and crew of a boat because of the virtual impossibility of noticing them while the boat is under way.