Abstract:
The invention relates to the entire method for arranging parallel yarns from a warp on a cotton lap having passed through a card or a combing machine or other textile machine used for the same purpose, forming a composite lap of parallel yarns and a lap of irregularly arranged untwisted cotton fibrils. The end result is a firm lap in which many of the untwisted cotton fibrils are wrapped coaxially around each so-called carrier yarn, forming the corresponding composite yarn, and the remaining fibrils are perpendicular to the composite yarns, providing the resulting lap with a consistency such that it can both be cut to obtain the yarns comprising an untwisted cotton sheath, and also used for any desired purpose.

Description:
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The present invention, as this specification states in its title, relates to a method for producing a base lap of composite yarns comprising an untwisted cotton sheath, product obtained, and corresponding installation. 
         [0002]    It is intended for producing a highly environment-friendly, resistant, very cheap (only contains cotton, water-soluble glue and has no woven structure) final product with a very low energy cost, applicable to many purposes, coarse appearance of which can be an added value (grocery bags, small single mats and, other multiple applications). 
         [0003]    The weight of cotton material (yarn plus cotton fibrils) used for a certain purpose is less than the weight of paper equivalent for the same purpose. This makes the product from the lap along with the yarns of the process of the invention a highly simple, cheap, ecological resource and in harmony with the sustained growth since, by partially substituting the paper, cutting down trees and power consumption are avoid. 
         [0004]    The Denier quality of yarns from the warp machine, having been irregularly wrapped with cotton fibrils, increases their quality and modifies their elongation resistance and shear stress to which a certain portion of the lap may be subjected. 
         [0005]    The main purpose of the lap obtained through the process of the invention, is the application of a simple cutting operation between adjacent yarns thus obtaining a composite yarn comprising an untwisted cotton sheath, which once coned, may be intended for any weaving operation. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0006]    In the application of a single utilization, it is known the use of materials from cellulose without woven structure built by accumulating different layers of this material with mechanical or hydro punching method or, by bonding different layers with chemical products or the like. 
         [0007]    On the other hand, documents of the state of the art and documents that are public domain, describe methods for producing a ribbon to which a yarn has been adhered without observing any variation of the Denier quality throughout the process. Producing a flat ribbon greatly complicates the application in subsequent weaving operations. 
         [0008]    Furthermore, the fact of not changing the direction of cotton fibres of the lap causes the yarns to lose parallelism and the cutting operation to be extremely difficult and slow. 
       DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0009]    The method for producing the base lap of composite yarns comprising an untwisted cotton sheath begins with the feeding of cotton fibrils having passed through a card in order to form a first initial cotton lap. 
         [0010]    This first initial cotton lap reaches a confluence collection cylinder into which some parallel yarns, as many as the final product requires and as many as the cotton lap width allows are added, yarns that are integrated into that cotton lap, and which comes from a warp machine. 
         [0011]    From the confluence collection cylinder the base lap to be produced in the process already comprises the necessary structural elements (group of parallel yarns and cotton fibrils), thus forming a complete lap. 
         [0012]    Then the lap formed by yarns and cotton fibrils is subjected to a pre-gluing phase, being previously pressed by two cylinders in order to remove all the air contained into the tubular structure of cotton fibrils. 
         [0013]    In the pre-gluing phase, the structure of cotton fibrils and yarns is slightly dipped into a vat containing water and glue with low viscosity. 
         [0014]    This pre-gluing phase is then followed by the pre-drying phase. 
         [0015]    In a subsequent phase, a proper gluing is performed, wherein the glue plus water solution contained into the vat may have a higher viscosity, while others hydrosoluble products can be added depending on the final purpose of the product from the process of the invention. 
         [0016]    Following the complete gluing phase there is a progressive drying phase from low to high temperature developed through a series of hot cylinders. 
         [0017]    This progressive drying phase tries to facilitate the movement of cotton fibrils during the mass attraction process occurring at the exit of the drying phase between the last drying cylinder and a folding cylinder for the final obtained lap. 
         [0018]    In this mass attraction process, a part of cotton fibres completely surrounds the carrier yarns increasing the Denier quality and another part of the fibrils takes a direction perpendicular to said yarns and gives consistency to the whole final lap maintaining the exact parallelism between the yarns from the warp machine. 
         [0019]    The installation for producing the base lap of the invention has already been indirectly described when describing the method. The product obtained is produced using the described method. 
         [0020]    Next, in order to facilitate a better understanding of this specification and being an integral part thereof, some figures in which the object of the invention has been represented with an illustrative and not limitative manner are attached. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0021]    FIG.  1 .—Shows a schematic view of the method for producing the base lap of composite yarns comprising an untwisted cotton sheath, product obtained, and corresponding installation, object of the invention. 
           [0022]    FIG.  2 .—Shows a plan view of a structure of cotton fibrils constituting an initial lap. 
           [0023]    FIG.  3 .—Shows the parallel arrangement of a group of yarns into which cotton fibrils are incorporated in one of the initial phases of the method. 
           [0024]    FIG.  4 .—Shows another plan view of a structure of cotton fibrils comprising the yarns mentioned in the previous figure. 
           [0025]    FIG.  5 .—Shows another view similar to the previous one wherein the product obtained at the end of the process is shown. 
           [0026]    FIG.  6 .—Shows a sectional elevation view of that depicted in the previous figure. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
       [0027]    Considering the numbering adopted in the figures, the method for producing the base lap of composite yarns comprising an untwisted cotton sheath begins with the supply of cotton fibrils  3  through a feeder  1  for said fibrils  3 , which then pass to a textile machine (card)  2  in order to form an initial lap of irregularly arranged untwisted cotton fibrils  3  that subsequently reach a confluence collection cylinder  6  for this initial lap  3  and some yarns  5  coming from a warp machine  4  that supplies yarns  5  to the system in a parallel manner, so that through said confluence cylinder  6  the lap of cotton fibrils  3  is combined with the yarns  5 , these being integrated into the cotton lap  3 , obtaining a composite lap structure  7  at the exit of the confluence collection cylinder  6 . The mentioned yarns  5  will remain parallel throughout the process and also of course in the final product obtained. 
         [0028]    The initial lap of cotton fibrils has a determined thickness in order to give the yarns the desired Denier quality. 
         [0029]    Then, the complete lap structure  7  comes up to a pressing phase using a pair of pressing cylinder  8  in order to remove, as far as possible, the air contained into the tubular structure of cotton fibrils. 
         [0030]    In another subsequently phase, the pressed complete lap structure  7   a  is subjected to a pre-gluing by slightly dipping it into an anterior vat  9 , content of which is a low viscosity water and glue mixture prepared for a slight and light dipping. This pre-gluing phase can be repeated several times depending on the type of source or length of cotton fibres. Then a pre-drying phase has been provided through lower drying cylinders  10 . 
         [0031]    The following phase is the proper gluing using glue plus water solution contained in a posterior vat  11 , solution that can have a higher viscosity than the previous one and wherein other hydrosoluble products can be added depending on the purpose of the final product obtained with the process of the invention. 
         [0032]    Subsequently, there is a drying phase at progressive temperature using drying cylinders  12  so as the cotton fibres take the required direction. Thus, a percentage of fibres completely surround each yarn  5  coming from the lap in order to obtain the desired Denier quality, while the rest of the fibres will be directed in a direction perpendicular to the yarns  5  causing the obtained lap  7   e  to have its own consistency. 
         [0033]    Then the drying phase through drying cylinders  12  results in a final product  7   e , wherein composite yarns  13  having taken the desired Denier quality are obtained, and remaining fibres  16  having taken a perpendicular direction ensure the attachment and immobilization of the composite yarns  13 . 
         [0034]    The final product obtained  7   e  will be wound around a folding cylinder  14 . 
         [0035]    On the other hand, each composite yarn  13  includes the carrier yarn  5  provided by the warp machine  4  and a coaxial sheath  15  generated in the process of the invention. 
         [0036]      FIG. 6  shows clearly a section of the final product obtained. 
         [0037]    In a particular example, a warp machine is provided with 90 parallel yarns of 300/1 Denier quality and a composite yarn of 600/1 Denier is desired to be produced by cutting the lap obtained in the process of the invention. 
         [0038]    Over the 90 parallel yarns from the warp machine a lap of cotton fibres weight of which should be: 300/075=400 grams per each 100 meters of the 90 warp yarns will have to be applied. 
         [0039]    Once processed in the system the whole  90  yarns with 400 grams of cotton fibre a lap will be obtained, weight of which per square meter will be: (300+400)/100 plus the weight of added solids (glue plus other elements), i.e. about 8 grams per square meter. 
         [0040]    Once at this point, it is decided whether the lap will be directly used for sale or a simple cutting operation have to be applied in order to convert the result in 90 composite yarns comprising an untwisted cotton sheath. 
         [0041]    The installation for producing the desired product is clearly obtained from that previously described although it will be described in more detail below. 
         [0042]    Therefore, the installation comprises:
       Feeder  1  for cotton fibrils.   Textile machine  2  for receiving cotton fibrils and, which is capable of supplying the initial lap of cotton fibrils  3 .   Confluence collection cylinder  6  for simultaneously receiving the initial lap of cotton fibrils  3  and the group of parallel yarns  5  as well supplied by the warping  4  which are integrated into the lap in order to obtain the composite lap  7 .   Two pressing cylinders  8  for the composite lap  7  in order to remove as far as possible the air contained into the tubular structure of cotton fibres.   First water and glue mixture contained into the anterior vat  9  and prepared for a light dipping and gluing of the composite and pressed lap  7   a.      Lower drying cylinders  10  for the composite, pressed, and dipped lap  7   b.      Second glue and water mixture contained into the posterior vat  11  for carrying out a more intense final gluing of the lap.   Drying cylinders  12  at progressive temperature, from low to high temperature, such drying cylinders  12  being located after the posterior vat  11 .   Folding device  14  of the final lap obtained  7   e.