Abstract:
Heat recovery for internal combustion engine, includes introducing a first fluid into heat exchanging element, and withdrawing the heated first fluid from the heat exchanger elements; and supplying at least one second fluid which is used during the operation of the internal combustion engine and is heated, so as to flow outside and in contact with the heat exchanging elements to transfer heat through walls of the heat exchanging element from the second fluid to said first fluid.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO A RELATED APPLICATION  
       [0001]    This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 09/885,711. 
     
    
     
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    The present invention relates to method of and system for heat recovery for an internal combustion engine.  
           [0003]    Although the efficiency of the internal combustion engine has been improved remarkably in the past 50 years, it is still difficult to operate such an engine with an efficiency of over 35%. The efficiency drops off dramatically as an engine ages and may deteriorate to less than 10% if it has been improperly maintained. With only 10-35% efficiency, this means that the remaining fuel consumption creates heat which therefore is largely unused. Thus, the waste heat from internal combustion engines is considerable and is not being used constructively. Some solutions directed to this objective are disclosed for example in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,378,336; 5,035,867; 5,250,489; 5,711,071; 5,869,011; 5,987,885; 6,039,913; and Canadian patents 2184632 and 2247759. It is believed that the use of heat in the internal combustion engine can be further improved.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0004]    Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved method of and system for heat recovery for an internal combustion engine.  
           [0005]    In keeping with these objects and with others which will become apparent hereinafter, one feature of the present invention resides, briefly stated, in a method for heat recovery for an internal combustion engine, which includes introducing a first fluid into heat exchanging elements of a heat exchanger for heating the first fluid, and withdrawing the heated fluid from the heat exchanger elements; and supplying at least one second fluid which is used during the operation of the internal combustion engine and is heated, so as to flow outside and in contact with said heat exchanging elements to transfer heat through walls of said heat exchanging elements from said second fluid to said first fluid.  
           [0006]    In accordance with another feature of the present invention, the system for heat recovery is proposed which has a heat exchanger including a plurality of heat exchanging elements; means for introducing a first fluid into said heat exchanging elements for heating in the first fluid, and withdrawing the heated first fluid from the heat exchanger elements; and supplying at least one second fluid which is used during the operation of the internal combustion engine and is heated, so as to flow outside and in contact with said heat exchanging elements to transfer heat through walls of said heat exchanging element from the second fluid to said first fluid.  
           [0007]    When the method is performed and the system is designed in accordance with the present invention, heat produced during the operation of the internal combustion engine is efficiently utilized.  
           [0008]    The novel features which are considered as characteristic for the present invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its construction and its method of operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following description of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings.  
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0009]    [0009]FIG. 1 is a view illustrating schematically a method of and a system for heat recovery for an internal combustion engine;  
         [0010]    [0010]FIG. 2 is a view showing a heat exchanger of the inventive system;  
         [0011]    [0011]FIG. 3 is a view showing additional components of the inventive system; and  
         [0012]    FIGS.  4 - 13  show further embodiments of the present invention.  
     
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0013]    A system for heat recovery operates in accordance with an inventive heat recovery method is illustrated in FIG. 1. Reference numeral  19  identifies an internal combustion engine and reference numeral  19   a  identifies a crankcase of the engine. A lubricant discharge line  19   b  extends from the engine to a heat exchanger and in particular to a heat exchanger area  3   b,  while a lubricant return line  19   c  extends from the heat exchanger area  3   b  back to the engine. A coolant discharge line  19   g  extends from the engine to the heat exchanger and in particular to the heat exchanger area  3   a,  while a coolant return line  19   b  extends from the heat exchanger area  3   a  to an engine radiator  19   f.  An exhaust gas discharge line  5  extends from the engine to the heat exchanger and in particular to a heat exchanger area  3   c  and an exhaust gas discharge line  8  extends from the heat exchange area  3   c  to atmosphere.  
         [0014]    The heat exchanger has a plurality of heat exchanging elements (tubes) or a tube bundle  3 . A first fluid which can be for example a cold water or a motive fluid is introduced into the heat exchanger through a first fluid supply line  1  into an interior of the tubes  3 , and exits from the tubes  3  through a first fluid discharge line  4 . It is then delivered to a first fluid application area  4   a  which can be formed for example as a turbine which drives a generator. Then, through discharge line  4   b  it is connected to a fluid pump  4   c  which pumps the first fluid through the line  1  again into the tubes of the heat exchanger  3 . The heat exchanger  3  has the above-described heat exchanger areas.  
         [0015]    The crankcase  19   a  is provided with a crankcase vent  23  with a vent line  23   a  which leads to a venturi  21 , which draws the crankcase fumes into the engine exhaust pipe  5 .  
         [0016]    During the operation of the internal combustion engine the first fluid is circulated through the interior of the pipes of the heat exchanger  3  while the second fluid which is a fluid selected from the group consisting of the coolant, the lubricant, the exhaust, two of these fluids, or all three of these fluids is also supplied to the heat exchanger so as to be in contact with an outer surface of the tubes and to transfer the heat through the wall of the tubes to the first fluid inside the tubes.  
         [0017]    The tubes in the heat exchanger area  3   c  can be coated with a variety of catalytic compounds which can cause some of the constituents of the gas to react with oxygen and in the process release heat. The combination of the heat from the exhaust gas and the heat released from the catalytic process is transferred through the walls of the heat exchanging elements to the first fluid inside the tubes.  
         [0018]    As shown in FIG. 2, electrically controlled valves  11 ,  11   a,    11   b,    11   c,    11   d  are provided for delivery of air and/or fuel through a heat exchanger housing  3   c  to various heat exchange areas and to the crankcase vent  23   a  from the air pump  16  and a pressurized fuel supply  17 . This will dilute heavy materials within the system masking the process more efficient. The electronically controlled valves control the flow of air and/or fuel by way of signals sent by a microprocessor  15  through valve control wires  13   b,    13   c,    13   d,    17   a.  This is in response to information fed to the microprocessor  15 , which controls the air pump  16 , from temperature sensors  12   b,    12   c,    12   d  and a gas constituent sensor  18  by way of sensor wires  14   b,    14   c,    14   d,    18   a.    
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 3 shows ignitors  12   a,    12   g,    12   f,    12   h,  which are located downstream of the valves  11   a,    11   b,    11   c,    11   d.  They are activated by an ignition power source  12  after having received the signal to do so from the microprocessor  15  through the wire  12   m.  The microprocessor activates the ignitors  12   a,    12   f,    12   g,    12   h  through ignition wires  12   i,    12   j,    12   k,    12   l  in response to signal received from temperature sensors  12   b,    12   c,    12   d  and the gas constituents sensor  18 , by temperature sensor wires  14   b,    14   c,    14   d  and the gas constituents wire  18   a.    
         [0020]    As mentioned above, in accordance with the present invention, a mixture of hydrocarbon fuel, such as propane, and air can be introduced into the discharge stream exiting the crankcase.  
         [0021]    Air fuel mixture can also be effectively introduce into the stream in addition to that discussed above; in the following manner:  
         [0022]    directly into venturi  21  (FIG. 4);  
         [0023]    in line  5  through a second venturi upstream of venturi  21  (FIG. 5),  
         [0024]    in line  5  through a second venturi downstream of venturi  21  (FIG. 6),  
         [0025]    in line  5  upstream of venturi  21  (FIG. 7)  
         [0026]    in line  5  downstream of venturi  21  (FIG. 8);  
         [0027]    It is also possible to introduce the fuel and air in two separate lines. A line of fuel and a line of air may be introduced into the discharge stream in the following manners:  
         [0028]    directly into venturi  21  (FIG. 9);  
         [0029]    in line  5  through a second venturi upstream of venturi  21  (FIG. 10),  
         [0030]    in line  5  through a second venturi downstream of venturi  21  (FIG. 11),  
         [0031]    in line  5  upstream of FIG. 21 (FIG. 12)  
         [0032]    in line  5  downstream of venturi  21  (FIG. 13).  
         [0033]    It will be understood that each of the elements described above, or two or more together, may also find a useful application in other types of methods and constructions differing from the types described above.  
         [0034]    While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in method of and system for heat recovery for an internal combustion engine, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be made without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention.  
         [0035]    Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of the present invention that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily adapt it for various applications without omitting features that, from the standpoint of prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention.