Abstract:
A method for coding a key and a female lock part for a lock in a lock system, whereby a blank is separated into two parts by a separating cut that is guided perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the blank. The cut forms a coding contour. The two parts are then post-processed to form the key and the female lock part or serve as coding disks that are affixed to a key and a female lock part.

Description:
BACKGROUND INFORMATION 
       [0001]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0002]    The invention relates to the field of locks with keys. More particularly, the invention relates to a method of coding a key and a female lock part. 
         [0003]    2. Discussion of the Prior Art 
         [0004]    In a key transfer system, the lock stamp or female lock part is built into the lock of the key transfer system and is therefore an integral component of the system, whereby a key is needed to open the lock and thereby the female lock part. The individual locks are provided with a unique coding between the female lock part and the key, so that it is only possible to operate the lock with a key having the matching code. Normally, the key meshes into the female lock part of the lock and thus creates a form-fitting unit. The female lock part itself works, for example, together with a blocking arrangement of the tumbler, or via an integrated square edge or something similar, for example, with an electrical switch. 
         [0005]    An example of the prior art is shown in  FIG. 1 . The coding comprises a combination of pins and boreholes. The key has a number of boreholes in a given arrangement, and the lock stamp is provided with an identical number of pins in the same arrangement as that of the key, which, when the codes match, can mesh into the boreholes of the key. The key can then be inserted far enough into the lock to operate the lock. It is not possible to operate the lock, if the hole and pin patterns do not match. 
         [0006]    The prior art also teaches that, instead of pins and boreholes, milled letters or combinations of letters can be provided as key coding. Milled or cast contours are also used. 
         [0007]    Characteristic for the prior art and the conventional codings is that the codings must be manufactured separately for the keys and the lock stamps. This means that the key is coded, for example, by machining the bores, and that the female lock part is made to match the key, by machining the bores and pressing in the pins. 
         [0008]    It is obvious that the manufacturing these known codings is costly and that the number of codings is limited. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0009]    It is an object of the invention to propose a method for manufacturing the coding in one production step and in both components at the same time, namely, in the key and in the lock stamp or female lock part or in each of two coding disks that are then affixed as coding faces to the key or the female lock part. 
         [0010]    To achieve this object, it is recommended that a bolt-like blank, for example, be separated into two parts by a separating cut that is guided perpendicular and also parallel to the longitudinal axis of the blank, wherein the two parts are then post-processed to create the key and the female lock part, or are affixed as coding disks to a key and an female lock part. The separation plane between the two parts of the blank, which is created by the separating cut or the separating method, automatically forms the coding. The separation cut may be guided in such a way that that an angular or a wavy separation plane is created. In like manner, it is possible to provide a parallel or radial separating cut. Variations in the detail, the contour, the alignment of the contour, and the radial alignment of the contour to the longitudinal axis of the blank allow the maximum possible number of codings. 
         [0011]    The coding disks thus created are connected to the actual key and the lock stamp, and the thus created and coded female lock part is built into the lock. 
         [0012]    Instead of providing the coding directly on the components that are the key and the female lock part, it is also possible to separate a component into two parts, using the separation cut according to the invention that creates the matching coding on both parts, and then using the two parts as coding disks, one disk of which is then affixed to the key part, and the other to the female lock part. 
         [0013]    If the coding is provided on the key and the female lock part, the coding of must be accomplished before the lock device is assembled. Because the coding has to be unique, this means that the coding can only be done per order. This makes the production of the lock very time-consuming. 
         [0014]    It is possible, however, using the method according to the invention, to provide two coding disks that are then connected or affixed to the key and the female lock part. This makes it possible to provide the coding disks as the last step in the lock production process. It is now possible to manufacture and prefabricate the components of the lock, i.e., the key, the locking mechanism, the tumbler, the lock, and the like, and, separately, to manufacture coding disks. When an order is placed, the coding disk are then affixed to the key and the female lock part. 
         [0015]    There are many suitable ways of connecting or affixing the coding disks to the key and to the female lock part, such as, for example, a positive form fit, material-joined, and interference fit. A crimp connection, a rivet connection, a screw connection, or a method using clips may be used. Means, such as safety latches or the like may also be used. 
         [0016]    According to the invention, a key bolt with a key bit that extends through the female lock part may be inserted in the key, so that, in its operating state, e.g., when it is turned in the female lock part or in the lock, the key is prevented from being removed axially. 
         [0017]    The blank may be made of metal or plastic and, for example, may be a precision-cast component or made of cylindrical or polygonal bar stock. 
         [0018]    A laser separating method or a water-jet separating method are options for the separating method, although the invention is in no way limited in this regard. 
         [0019]    In summary, the method according to the invention allows the key and female lock part, or a blank that is inserted between the key and the female lock part, to be coded in one production step on one initial component. Tolerances no longer have to be considered because the two coded parts always match, because they have been produced by the same separation cut. 
         [0020]    The method according to the invention makes a very high number of codings possible, and the codings form parts that are created of a single material. This largely eliminates corrosion problems between the parts. 
         [0021]    It is possible to create the lock codings, even with materials that are mechanically difficult to machine, and based on the selected separation method, to significantly reduce manufacturing costs. 
         [0022]    Finally, it should be mentioned that, with the method according to the invention, neither scraps nor waste accrue. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0023]    An embodiment of the invention is described below using the drawings. 
           [0024]      FIG. 1  illustrates the prior art, a blank. 
           [0025]      FIG. 2  illustrates the two individual parts manufactured from the blank by means of a separating method. 
           [0026]      FIG. 3A  illustrates a key with one type of coding. 
           [0027]      FIG. 3B  illustrates a female lock part with mating coding for key in  FIG. 3A . 
           [0028]      FIG. 4A  illustrates a key with a pie-shaped coding. 
           [0029]      FIG. 4B  illustrates a female lock part with pie-shaped coding. 
           [0030]      FIG. 4C  illustrates a key with a continuously curved coding. 
           [0031]      FIG. 4D  illustrates a female lock part with continuously curved coding. 
           [0032]      FIG. 5  illustrates a key and a female lock part manufactured according to the invention. 
           [0033]      FIG. 6  is a plan view of the arrangement according to  FIG. 5  (in the direction of arrow A). 
           [0034]      FIG. 7  illustrates the use of coding disks. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0035]    The present invention will now be described more fully in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the preferred embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention should not, however, be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this disclosure will be complete and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. 
         [0036]      FIG. 1  illustrates the prior art, a key A and a lock stamp B, whereby the key A is provided with boreholes into which the pins that are arranged on the top of the lock stamp or key plug B can mesh. The coding is created the specific arrangement of the pins and the boreholes. It is obvious that both parts require a significant amount of machining for this type of coding: bores have to be machined in the key and the pins that fit into the bores have to be machined on the plug. The disadvantages of machining are known. For example, tolerances have to be maintained and that may be complicated by the fact that various materials may possibly be used, particularly for the pins that are provided in key plug B. Furthermore, machining is costly. 
         [0037]      FIG. 2  shows a blank  1  that is a cylindrical bolt and that serves as the basis for the manufacturing of a lock stamp or female lock part  3  and a key  2 .  FIGS. 3A and 3B  show the blank  1  divided into two parts  1 A and  1 B, the two parts having a separation boundary T-T that forms the key  2  and the lock stamp  3 , respectively, on the two parts. The separation boundary T itself constitutes the coding and there are multiple ways of creating the coding. For example, as shown in  FIGS. 3B and 4B , the separation process is carried out such that the separation boundary T-T is angular with planes that extend in directions both transverse and parallel to a longitudinal axis L-L of the blank  1 , so as to form a straight-edged and flat-planed array of coding elements.  FIG. 3B  illustrates such a separation.  FIGS. 4A and 4B  illustrate a separation boundary that creates coding elements that are variously raised segments, similar in shape to slices of a pie.  FIGS. 4C and 4D  illustrate coding elements that have a rounded or undulating contour. The center axis of the workpiece for creating all of these separation boundaries T-T must be focused, i.e., clearly defined, and the lock stamp  3  provided with a central borehole  7  as a runout. 
         [0038]    As shown, the separation boundary T-T may have angular or rounded contours, whereby the angular contours are very well suited not only for providing the coding, but also for transmitting the torque between the key and the female lock part. The rounded contours are advantageous in that they are less prone to becoming dirty and pose a lower risk of injury, have, however, the disadvantage that they require an additional functional element for transmitting torque from the key  2  to the lock stamp  3 .  FIG. 5  illustrates a key bolt  4  with a key bit  5  that is suitable for transmitting torque. 
         [0039]      FIGS. 5 and 6  illustrate a ready-to-use component that comprises a key bow or grip  6  that is made of the same material as the key  2  or is firmly affixed to the key  2 . The separation boundary T-T between the key  2  and the female lock part  3  is constructed according to one of the previously described methods with the coding. The key bolt  4  with key bit  5  is inserted into the key  2 , into a borehole  10  that opens at a lower end of the female lock part  3 . The key bit  5  engages in a corresponding key slot  8  of the lock stamp  3 , thereby creating a highly rotationally rigid connector for transmitting torque between the key  2  and the female lock part  3 . Turning the bit  5  also locks it into a key recess  9 , so that the key bolt  4  is secured in place. 
         [0040]      FIG. 7  illustrates one possible embodiment with coding disks  11  and  12 , which are affixed to the key  2  and the female lock part  3 , respectively, by conventional means, for example, by means of clips, a crimp connection, a rivet connection, a threaded connection, or locking rings, etc.  FIG. 7  shows the actual key, designated with number  6   a,  the coding disk  11  assigned to this key  6   a,  and the female lock part  3   a  with its associated coding disk  12 . The female lock part  3   a,  the coding disks  11  and  12 , and the actual key  6   a  have a through borehole  10   a  into which, as previously described, a key bolt  4   a  is insertable. 
         [0041]    This embodiment with coding disks  11  and  12  has the advantage of making it now possible to pre-fabricate the components that form the locking mechanism, namely, the key  2 , the lock device, the tumbler, the lock elements, or the switch device, and then to fabricate the coding disks  11  and  12 , which then must be connected to the other components, only when an order is placed. Thus, upon receiving an order for a lock, only the coding has to be created, whereas the other components are prefabricated. 
         [0042]    It is understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention. Variations in the method of coding the lock may be contemplated by one skilled in the art without limiting the intended scope of the invention herein disclosed.