Abstract:
A gas turbine arrangement having a transmission ( 1 ) of planetary gear type with fixed planet carrier, and an arrangement for driving one or more auxiliary units ( 12 ), and is characterized in that at least one of the auxiliary units ( 12 ) is operatively connected to a planet wheel shaft ( 10 ) forming part of the transmission ( 1 ). The invention helps to simplify the design construction of the transmission.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
       [0001]    The present application is a continuation patent application of International Application No. PCT/SE02/00935 filed 16 May 2002 which was published in English pursuant to Article 21(2) of the Patent Cooperation Treaty, and which claims priority to Swedish Application No. 0102002-3 filed 5 Jun. 2001. Both applications are expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. 
     
    
     
       BACKGROUND OF INVENTION  
         [0002]    1. Technical Field  
           [0003]    The present invention relates to a gas turbine arrangement comprising (including, but no limited to) a transmission of planetary gear type with fixed planet carrier, and an arrangement for driving one or more auxiliary units.  
           [0004]    The main components of a conventional gas turbine arrangement are the gas turbine engine, the transmission and the generator, the gas turbine engine usually comprising a compressor, a combustion chamber and a turbine. Forming part of the transmission is a main gear, the function of which is to reduce the high speed of the gas turbine engine to a suitable generator speed. The main transmission is often of the planetary gear type with fixed planet carrier (so-called “star gear” type), which gives good efficiency and makes for a compact construction. Gas turbine arrangements of the aforementioned type are used, for example, to generate electricity in power stations and for powering vehicles, aircraft and vessels. A gas turbine arrangement also comprises a number of auxiliary units, such as oil pump, fuel pump, starter motor, rotary oil separator and compressors, all of which must be driven in some way.  
           [0005]    The invention will be described below with reference to use in a gas turbine arrangement for driving a generator. This is an advantageous application of the invention, but in no way an exclusive utilization of the invention.  
           [0006]    2. Background  
           [0007]    In the case of single-shaft gas turbines, auxiliary units are conventionally driven from toothed gears, which are driven by a gear wheel of the main gear. Due to the large speed differences between toothed gears of the main gear and the speeds which are suitable for most auxiliary units, and also to the limited space available, these auxiliary unit gears usually consist of a relatively complicated system of multiple toothed gears with associated parts of bearings and bearing housings. Together with components of the main gear, this auxiliary unit transmission constitutes the common transmission. An auxiliary unit drive arranged in this way makes the design construction of the transmission significantly more complex than the main transmission itself, which in turn makes the transmission as a whole relatively expensive to manufacture.  
         SUMMARY OF INVENTION  
         [0008]    An object of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary unit drive for gas turbine arrangements which makes possible a less complicated transmission design construction than presently utilized and recognized as state of the art.  
           [0009]    The invention consists of a gas turbine arrangement comprising a transmission of the planetary gear type having fixed planet carrier and an arrangement for driving one or more auxiliary units. The invention is characterized in that at least one of the auxiliary units is operatively connected to a planet wheel shaft forming part of the transmission. The auxiliary unit can thereby be driven from the planet wheel shaft rather than by way of the auxiliary unit transmission, which makes it possible to reduce the number of toothed gears in the transmission for driving the auxiliary unit.  
           [0010]    Since more than one auxiliary unit can be driven from the planet wheel shafts, the present invention makes it possible to completely eliminate the auxiliary unit transmission, but still use the transmission; that is to say, the planet wheel shafts, to drive auxiliary units. This is a great technical advantage even though it may mean, for example, that an extra-toothed gear is needed in the operative connection between auxiliary unit and planet wheel shaft. The arrangement means that the transmission as a whole can be simplified and thereby manufactured more cost effectively. An auxiliary unit of a design construction that lends itself to operation at a relatively high speed is suitably used.  
           [0011]    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the auxiliary unit connected to the planet wheel shaft is connected directly to the planet wheel shaft. The rotary component of the auxiliary unit suitably constitutes a form of extension of the planet wheel shaft. In this way the auxiliary unit can be driven directly from the planet wheel shaft, which means that the drive can be provided using components already forming part of the main transmission. In other words, no further toothed gears or bearings are required in order to drive the auxiliary unit. Since a plurality of planet wheel shafts is available, and since a planet wheel shaft can drive more than one auxiliary unit, a plurality of auxiliary units can be driven without the need for any additional toothed gears or bearings other than those which already form part of the main transmission. This embodiment therefore affords great scope for simplifying the transmission and thereby making its manufacture more cost-effective.  
           [0012]    The auxiliary unit connected to the planet wheel shaft is preferably built into the transmission. The auxiliary unit connected to the planet wheel shaft may furthermore be an oil pump or a rotary oil separator. These auxiliary units are especially suited to being driven directly from the planet wheel shafts of the main transmission. The oil pump is usually relatively small and a type of pump which is suitable for the relative high speed of the planet wheel may be used, such as a pump of the “gerotor” type. The rotary oil separator (where used) is also well suited to the speed of the planet wheel and can easily be modified in size to achieve efficient functioning. There are furthermore a number of advantages attached to building the oil pump and the rotary oil separator into the transmission, such as a lesser need for external piping and a reduced risk of leakage.  
           [0013]    Other auxiliary units that are not driven from the transmission are suitably fitted outside the transmission and may, for example, be driven by electric motor. In this way, the auxiliary units that are advantageously driven from the transmission, whether they are built-in or not, may be driven by components of the main transmission thereby obviating the need for further toothed gears and bearings other than those of the main transmission. This permits a comparatively simple transmission design, making it cost-effective to manufacture. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS  
       [0014]    The invention will be further described below with reference to the following figures, in which:  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 1 is a diagram representing the main components in an exemplary conventional gas turbine arrangement;  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 2 is a diagrammatical sectional view of a main transmission of planetary gear type where the invention is applied according to a preferred embodiment; and  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 3 shows a more detailed view of the preferred embodiment of the invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION  
       [0018]    [0018]FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the main components in an example of a conventional gas turbine arrangement. Fuel and air are led, via a compressor  31 , into a combustion chamber  32 , in which combustion takes place. The exhaust gases are led to a turbine  33 , which is driven to rotate by the expansion of the exhaust gases. The turbine  33  drives a driveshaft  34 , which drives the compressor  31  and extends further into a transmission  1 . A shaft  9  emerging from the transmission drives a generator  35 . As already stated, the transmission  1  according to conventional technology comprises a main transmission and an auxiliary unit transmission.  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 2 shows a simplified diagram of a main transmission of planetary gear type with fixed planet carrier in which the invention has been applied in a preferred embodiment. An input shaft  2  to the transmission  1  (i.e. the drive shaft  34  of the gas turbine engine in FIG. 1) is connected by way of toothed gears  3  to a larger planet wheel  4 . A smaller planet wheel  5  is connected by way of toothed gears  6  to an internal gear  7 , which by way of toothed gears  8  drives an output shaft  9  from the transmission  1 , the output shaft being connected, for example to a generator (not shown). The larger planet wheel  4  and the smaller planet wheel  5  are seated on one and the same planet wheel shaft  10 , the planet wheel shaft  10  being suspended in two bearings  11   a,    11   b.  An auxiliary unit  12 , such as an oil pump, is directly connected to the planet wheel shaft  10  by a connecting element  13 , for example a bolt. A rotary component  14  in the auxiliary unit  12  is indicated by a dashed line. The rotary component  14  in the auxiliary unit  12  therefore constitutes a form of extension of the planet wheel shaft  10 , so that no additional toothed gears or bearings are required in order to drive the auxiliary unit  12  other than the bearings  11   a,    11   b,  which still form part of the suspension of the planet wheel shaft  10 .  
         [0020]    The fact that the planet wheel shaft  10  is provided with two planet wheels  4 ,  5  has to do with the gear ratio of the main gear. The invention can naturally also be applied even if the planet wheel shaft  10  is provided with only one planet wheel.  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 2 is primarily intended to show the principle of how the auxiliary unit  12 , according to the preferred embodiment, can be connected directly to the planet wheel shaft  10 ; that is to say, in such a way that there is no need for further toothed gears and bearings other than those of the main gear.  
         [0022]    Otherwise the auxiliary unit  12  and peripheral arrangement such as ducts and other connections can be designed in various ways.  
         [0023]    The auxiliary unit  12  in FIG. 2 is built into the transmission  1 ; that is to say, the auxiliary unit  12  is arranged inside the casing  15  of the transmission  1 . Alternatively, the auxiliary unit  12  may be arranged outside the casing  15  of the transmission  1 , for example by making the planet wheel shaft  10 , or an extension thereof, emerge through a hole in the casing  15 . Such a solution may be suitable for an auxiliary unit such as a compressor or hydraulic pump.  
         [0024]    The type of transmission intended in FIG. 2 normally comprises three planet wheel shafts, which function in the same way as the planet wheel shaft  10  previously described. However, the planet wheel shafts may be more than three in number. The presence of a second planet wheel shaft  20  with associated larger planet wheel, smaller planet wheel and bearings is indicated in the Fig. Each of the planet wheel shafts forming part of the main gear may drive one or more auxiliary units. As an alternative to what is shown in FIG. 2, the auxiliary units may be connected to opposite ends of the planet wheel shaft  10 , provided that the space inside the internal gear  7  is not too limited. A further alternative is to have auxiliary units connected at both ends of the planet wheel shaft  10 . It is also feasible to have the planet wheel shaft  10 , or an extension thereof, extending right through the auxiliary unit  12 , it being possible to arrange a further auxiliary unit on the same planet wheel shaft.  
         [0025]    In a conventional transmission, the auxiliary unit transmission is driven from one of the components of the main gear, for example by external toothed gears (not shown) on the internal gear  7 . The invention may be combined with any form of auxiliary unit transmission for the operation of auxiliary units that are not driven by any of the planet wheel shafts.  
         [0026]    [0026]FIG. 3 in a more detailed view shows an example of how an auxiliary unit can be arranged in a preferred embodiment of the invention. In the example shown, the auxiliary unit  12  consists of an oil pump of “gerotor” type. The oil pump can supply the transmission, gas turbine engine and, where necessary, also the generator with oil. As previously, the input shaft  2  is connected by toothed gears  3  to the larger planet wheel  4 . The smaller planet wheel  5  is provided with toothed gears  6  intended to be connected to the internal gear  7  in FIG. 2 (not shown in FIG. 3). The larger planet wheel  4  and the smaller planet wheel  5  are seated on the same planet wheel shaft  10 , the planet wheel shaft  10  being suspended in the two bearings  11   a,    11   b  in FIG. 2 (of which only  11   a  is shown in FIG. 3). The auxiliary unit  12 , in this case an oil pump, is directly connected to the planet wheel shaft  10  via a connecting element ( 13  in FIG. 2), which in this case comprises a bolt  13   a  and a pin  13   b.  The rotary component in the oil pump therefore constitutes a form of extension of the planet wheel shaft  10 , so that no additional toothed gears or bearings are required to drive the oil pump other than the bearings  11   a,    11   b  which still form part of the suspension of the planet wheel shaft  10 . The figures also show an example of how the peripheral arrangement such as oil ducts  16  and wear plates  17  can be arranged.  
         [0027]    An example of another auxiliary unit which can advantageously be arranged in a similar way to the oil pump in FIG. 3 is a rotary oil separator.  
         [0028]    The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described above, a number of modifications being conceivable within the scope of the patented claims. For example, the auxiliary unit may be operatively connected to the planet wheel shaft by some means other than a bolt, by the use of splines or a toothed coupling, for example, or by extending the planet wheel shaft and making it serve also as shaft for the auxiliary unit. If necessary, an individual toothed gear may be used in this connection in order to reduce the speed, for example.