Abstract:
The present invention discloses an electronic apparatus, an image capturing apparatus and a method thereof. The image capturing method comprises the steps of: capturing a plurality of temporal images by an image capturing module; setting one of the temporal images as a base image by a processing module; determining whether the difference between the temporal images and the base image is over a predetermined range by the processing module; if yes, deleting the temporal image by the processing module; combining the else temporal images and the base image and correspondingly generating an output image.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to an electronic apparatus, an image capturing apparatus and a method thereof, and more particularly to an electronic apparatus, an image capturing apparatus and a method thereof, having a mechanism of filtering image for image combination in order to reduce noises and output a clear image. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     While operating digital camera to take pictures, blurred images are easily caused by a user&#39;s hand vibration due to the light weight and small size of digital camera. When a conventional digital camera is operated, users may shake the camera by an accident or by an incorrect posture of holding the digital camera. As the digital camera is designed with a smaller volume and a lighter weight, the possibility of having hand vibrations becomes higher and higher, particularly when users press the shutter of a compact camera. The level of hand vibrations will affect the quality of the photos taken, and the angle of the images and the resulted photo may be deviated in a minor case, and blurred images may be resulted in a severe case. Obviously, the hand vibration is one of the major issues that require feasible solutions. 
     There are various different vibration reduction mechanisms, including the use of moving the lens to compensate the vibration of the camera, the control of aperture values and shutter speeds to reduce the hand vibrations, and the use of software to perform a signal processing to the captured images in hope of resuming the clarity of the images. The aforementioned optical vibration reduction mechanism moves a lens or an image sensor horizontally or vertically to correct the tilt caused by the hand vibrations, but such reverse correction usually generates blurred images when there is no hand vibration. The digital vibration reduction mechanism also generates blurred images due to the correction of the vibrations by means of related algorithms and image processing methods. 
     As to the digital vibration reduction mechanism, a multiple exposure is usually used to reduce noises in order to take a clear and low-noise image under the conditions of a low ambient illumination and a severe hand vibration. If it is necessary to obtain a high-quality output image, each image must be corrected geometrically, so that each image can be combined point by point precisely, and then an image processing technique is used to remove and process the noises after the images are corrected geometrically, so as to generate the low-noise and clear images. However, the present multiple exposure techniques used extensively in cameras mostly focus on the processing of all images of the photos taken but without a filter mechanism to eliminate an inappropriate image. As a result, the quality of the captured images is inconsistent, and both of the good and bad images are processed in the noise removal process, and erroneous images may be processed in the same manner as good images, and the quality of the output images will be low. Sometimes, the quality of the output images is even lower than that of taking the photo by a single exposure technique. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Therefore, it is a primary objective of the present invention to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings of the prior art including the inconsistence and the low quality of the output images by providing an electronic apparatus, an image capturing apparatus and a method thereof. 
     To achieve the foregoing objective, the present invention provides an image capturing apparatus, comprising an image capturing module and a processing module. The image capturing module is provided capable of capturing a plurality of temporal images. The processing module is provided capable of setting one of the temporal images as a base image, and the processing module further determines whether or not the difference between each temporal image and the corresponding base image is greater than a threshold value. The processing module deletes the temporal image and performs an image combination of the remaining temporal images with the base image to generate an output image if the difference between one of the temporal images and the base image is greater than the threshold value. 
     The processing module performs a geometric alignment of the base image with each temporal image and correspondingly calculates a first error value, such that the processing module deletes this temporal image if the first error value is greater than the first threshold value. 
     The processing module uses a histogram of the base image and each temporal image to determine whether or not a second error value between each temporal image and the base image is greater than a second threshold value, such that the processing module deletes this temporal image if the second error value is greater than the second threshold value. 
     After the image combination is executed, the processing module further compensates the brightness of an output image by a digital gain or a temporal interpolation. 
     When the temporal image is deleted, the processing module increases the brightness of the base image and beautifies the base image to generate the output image. 
     To achieve the foregoing objective, the present invention further provides an image capturing method, comprising the steps of: capturing a plurality of temporal images by an image capturing module; setting one of the temporal images as a base image by a processing module; determining whether the difference between the temporal images and the base image is greater than a threshold value by the processing module; if yes, deleting the temporal image by the processing module; combining the remaining temporal images and the base image; and correspondingly generating an output image. 
     The image capturing method further comprises the steps of: performing a geometric alignment of the base image with each temporal image by the processing module, correspondingly computing a first error value, and determining whether or not each first error value is greater than a first threshold value by the processing module. If the first error value is greater than the first threshold value, the processing module will delete this temporal image. 
     The image capturing method further comprises the step of: using a histogram of the base image and each temporal image to determine whether or not a second error value of each temporal image and the base image is greater than a second threshold value by the processing module. If the second error value is greater than the second threshold value, the processing module will delete this temporal image. 
     The image capturing method further comprises the step of: compensating the brightness of an output image by a digital gain or a temporal interpolation after the processing module performs an image combination. 
     The image capturing method further comprises the steps of: increasing the brightness of the base image by the processing module when the pluralities of temporal images are deleted, and then beautifying the base image to generate the output image by the processing module. 
     To achieve the foregoing objective of the present invention, the present invention further provides an electronic apparatus comprising a main body and the aforementioned image capturing apparatus, and the image capturing apparatus is installed in the main body. 
     The electronic apparatus is a digital camera, a mobile phone with a photographic function, a personal digital assistant (PDA) with a photographic function or a tablet personal computer with a photographic function. 
     The electronic apparatus and the image capturing apparatus of the present invention and the method thereof have one or more of the following advantages: 
     (1) In the electronic apparatus and the image capturing apparatus of the present invention, and the method thereof, a geometric alignment is performed to a plurality of temporal images, and the temporal image with a poor quality is filtered according to an alignment error to improve the clarity of the output image produced after the image combination. 
     (2) In the electronic apparatus and the image capturing apparatus of the present invention and the method thereof, the electronic apparatus, image capturing apparatus and method thereof can analyze the histogram of each temporal image, and filter the temporal image with a poor quality according to the error to improve the clarity of the output image produced after the image combination. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a block diagram of an image capturing apparatus of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic view of an image capturing apparatus in accordance with a first preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic view of an image capturing apparatus in accordance with a second preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic view of an electronic apparatus a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is a flow chart of an image capturing method of the present invention; and 
         FIG. 6  is another flow chart of an image capturing method of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The foregoing and other objectives, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become apparent by the detailed description of a preferred embodiment as follows. 
     With reference to  FIG. 1  for a block diagram of an image capturing apparatus of the present invention, the image capturing apparatus  1  comprises an image capturing module  10 , a storage module  11  and a processing module  12 . The image capturing module  10  comprises at least a light sensing element such as a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) or a charge coupled device (CCD), a lens and a lens module. The storage module  11  can be an embedded memory, an external memory card or a combination of both. The processing module  12  is electrically coupled to the image capturing module  10  and the storage module  11 , and the processing module  12  is a central processing unit (CPU) or a micro processing unit (MPU). In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the image capturing apparatus  1  can be a digital camera or a digital video camera. 
     The image capturing module  10  is provided capable of capturing a plurality of temporal images  20  and storing the temporal images  20  into the storage module  11 . The processing module  12  sets one of the temporal images  20  as a base image  21 , and determines whether or not the difference between the temporal image  20  and the base image  21  is greater than a threshold value  30 . The processing module  12  deletes the temporal image  20  and performs an image combination of the remaining temporal images  20  with the base image  21  to correspondingly generate an output image  22  if the difference between the temporal image  20  and the base image  21  is greater than a threshold value  30 . The threshold value  30  comprises a first threshold value  300  and a second threshold value  301 . 
     In some preferred embodiments, the processing module  12  further performs a geometric alignment of each base image  21  with each temporal image  20  and calculates a first error value  31 . If the first error value  31  is greater than the first threshold value  300 , the processing module  12  will delete the temporal image  20 . In another preferred embodiment, the processing module  12  further uses a histogram of the base image  21  and each temporal image  20  to determine whether or not a second error value  32  between each temporal image  20  and base image  21  is greater than the second threshold value  301 . The processing module  12  deletes the temporal image  20  if the second error value  32  is greater than the second threshold value  301 . After an image combination of the temporal images  20  with the base image  21  to generate the output image  22  is executed, the processing module  12  further compensates the brightness of the output image  22  by a digital gain or a temporal interpolation. 
     In certain conditions, if the quality of the temporal images captured by the image capturing module  10  is poor, the temporal image  20  will be deleted. And then, the processing module  12  will increase the brightness of the base image  21  and beautify the base image  21  to generate the output image  22 . In this preferred embodiment, the output image  22  is preferably stored as a file in the storage module  11 , and the temporal image  20  is preferably stored as data in the storage module  11 . In addition, the output image  22  is preferably available for the viewing by users, but the temporal image  20  is preferably unavailable for the viewing by users. 
     With reference to  FIG. 2  for a schematic view of an image capturing apparatus in accordance with a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, the image capturing module  10  captures three consecutive temporal images, and the processing module  12  or a user selects one of the temporal images as a base image  210 , so that the remaining two images are temporal images  200 ,  201  used for geometrically aligning with the base image  21 . In  FIG. 2 , the content of the temporal image  201  has a much larger geometric difference than the base image  210 , and such geometric difference may result in an image displacement caused by hand vibrations, or noises caused by a low ambient illumination, so that a good alignment cannot be achieved in the geometric alignment process. In this preferred embodiment, the temporal image  201  is generated after the camera is displaced vertically downward by a user&#39;s hand vibration, and thus half of the sun at the top of the photo is cut off, and additional parts of images of the lake at the bottom of the photo are captured. In the process of performing the geometric alignment, the processing module  12  calculates the geometric transformation parameters for each of the temporal images  200 ,  201  when they are aligned with the base image  210 , and the processing module  12  further generates a first error value  31  based on each of the geometric transformation parameters, and compares the first error value  31  with the first threshold value  300 . If there is a big difference between the two, the alignment cannot be made precisely, and the error is too large. If the first error value  31  exceeds the first threshold value  300 , the processing module  12  determines that the geometric difference between the temporal image  201  and the base image  210  is relatively large and the temporal image  201  and the base image  210  are inapplicable for the following image combination procedure, so that the processing module  12  deletes the temporal image  201  in the storage module  11  and perform an image combination of the remaining temporal images  200  with the base image  210 . 
     With reference to  FIG. 3  for a schematic view of an image capturing apparatus in accordance with a second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the image capturing module  10  captures three consecutive temporal images, and the processing module  12  or a user selects one of the temporal images as a base image  211 , and thus the remaining two temporal images can be provided for analyzing and comparing the contents of the temporal images  202 ,  203  with the base image  211  by a histogram. In  FIG. 3 , the image content of the temporal image  203  has a big difference from the base image  211 , since a pedestrian  3  enters into the image capturing range of the image capturing module  10  when the user is taking the photo. Therefore, the color histogram  2030  of the temporal image  203  is substantially equal to the histogram  2110  of the base image  211 , indicating that the image contents are different. At this time, the processing module  12  determines that the difference between the image content of the temporal image  203  and the image content of the base image  210  is relatively large and thus the temporal image  203  and the base image  210  are inapplicable for the following image combination procedure, and thus the processing module  12  deletes the temporal image  203  in the storage module  11 , and performs an image combination of the remaining temporal images  202  with the base image  211 . 
     However, those ordinarily skilled in the art should be able to understand and determine that the methods for determining the difference between each temporal image and the base image are not limited to one of the aforementioned two methods only. Of course, these two methods are used for the purpose of illustrating the present invention only, and any other equivalent method can be used in the present invention. 
     After the processing module  12  performs an image combination of the temporal images with the base image to generate an output image, some of the temporal images are deleted, so that the brightness of the output image may be insufficient. In other words, the output image of this preferred embodiment originally has a brightness of three temporal images, but one of the temporal images is deleted, so that the output image may only have ⅔ of the brightness after image combination. To overcome this problem, the processing module  12  increases the brightness of the output image by a digital gain method to achieve the original brightness predetermined by users. In addition, the processing module  12  also can use a temporal interpolation to find the brightness value of the base image and the undeleted temporal images, and then correct the brightness of the output image according to the aforementioned brightness value. However, the people ordinarily skilled in the art should understand that the method of correcting the brightness of the output image is not limited to the two foregoing two methods only, but any other equivalent method can be used in this invention. 
     In certain conditions, the quality of all temporal images except the base image captured by the image capturing module  10  is poor, and these temporal images will be deleted. Now, the processing module  12  will increase the brightness of the base image  21  (by a digital gain method), and beautify the base image to generate and output an output image. 
     With reference to  FIG. 4  for a schematic view of an electronic apparatus of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electronic apparatus  4  comprises a main body  40 , an input device  41 , and an image capturing apparatus  1 , wherein the image capturing apparatus  1  is installed onto the main body  40  and electrically coupled to the input device  41 . The image capturing apparatus  1  comprises an image capturing module, a storage module and a processing module, and the image capturing apparatus  1  is the same as that described above, and thus will not be described here again. However, it is noteworthy to point out that the electronic apparatus  4  of the present invention could be a mobile handheld device such as a digital camera, a multimedia player with a photographic function, a mobile phone with a photographic function, a smart phone, a navigator, a tablet personal computer with a photographic function, or a personal digital assistant (PDA) with a photographic function. 
     In this preferred embodiment, the electronic apparatus  4  of the present invention is a smart phone embedded into the image capturing apparatus  1  for taking photos, so that a user can use the input device  41  such as a touch screen or a press key of the smart phone to take a picture. When it is necessary to take a picture, the electronic apparatus  4  starts the aforementioned continuous shooting and filtering actions to improve the anti-handvibration effect to enhance the clarity of the output image. The smart phone of this preferred embodiment is used for illustrating the present invention, but not intended for limiting the scope of the present invention, and those ordinarily skilled in the art can replace the image capturing apparatus of the invention by any other equivalent image apparatus. 
     The concept of the image capturing method of the present invention will become apparent with the illustration with the following flow charts. 
     With reference to  FIG. 5  for a flow chart of an image capturing method of the present invention, the image capturing method is applicable for an image capturing apparatus, and the image capturing apparatus comprises an image capturing module, a storage module and a processing module, and the image capturing method comprises the following steps: 
     (S 1 ) The image capturing module captures a plurality of temporal images and stores the temporal images into the storage module. 
     (S 2 ) The processing module sets one of the temporal images as a base image and then determines whether or not the difference between the temporal image and the base image is greater than a threshold value. 
     (S 3 ) If the difference between one of the temporal images and the base image is greater than the threshold value, the processing module will delete the temporal image. 
     (S 4 ) The processing module determines whether or not there is still a temporal image in the storage module. 
     (S 5 ) If there is a temporal image in the storage module, the processing module will perform an image combination of the remaining temporal images with the base image to correspondingly generate an output image. 
     (S 6 ) Finally, the processing module compensates the brightness of the output image by a digital gain or a temporal interpolation. 
     In the step (S 4 ), the processing module determines that there is no more temporal image in the storage module and then enters into the following procedure: 
     (S 40 ) The processing module increases the brightness of the base image; and 
     (S 41 ) The processing module beautifies the base image to generate the output image. 
     With reference to  FIG. 6  for another flow chart of an image capturing method of the present invention, the Step (S 2 ) further comprises the following steps: 
     (S 20 ) The processing module performs a geometric alignment of the base image block with each temporal image block and calculates a first error value; 
     (S 21 ) The processing module determines whether or not each first error value is greater than a first threshold value; 
     (S 22 ) The processing module deletes this temporal image if the first error value is greater than the first threshold value; 
     (S 23 ) The processing module uses a histogram of the base image and each temporal image to determine whether or not a second error value of each temporal image and the base image is greater than a second threshold value; 
     (S 24 ) The processing module deletes the temporal image, if the second error value is greater than second threshold value. 
     If the second error value in the step (S 23 ) is not greater than a second threshold value, then the step (S 4 ) will be executed. After the step ( 24 ) is executed, the step (S 4 ) and the following steps are then executed. 
     The image capturing method of the present invention and its implementation have been described in the image capturing apparatus of the present invention already, and thus will not be described again here. 
     In summation of the description above, the electronic apparatus, the image capturing apparatus and the method thereof geometrically align the plurality of temporal images, and selects any temporal image with a poor quality according to the alignment error, in order to improve the clarity of the output image after the image combination is performed. In addition, the present invention can analyze the histogram of each block in each temporal image, and any temporal image with a poor quality can be filtered and selected according to the error values, and thus the present invention can effectively overcome the problem of outputting poor images caused by the image combination of the prior art.