Abstract:
A rail vehicle has a internal tank installed. A connection opening is provided on a base of the tank into which a tank closure can be inserted from the outside of the tank. The tank closure is mounted on an inner side of an unfolding, sack-shaped container, and an edge of the sack-shaped container is attached to a shaft which lies beneath the tank, in the base of the rail vehicle.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Field of the Invention 
     In rail vehicles, in particular of regional transport, waste water tanks are, for example, incorporated at the inner side of the carriage. Such tanks may freeze when they are subjected for a very long period of time (several days) to temperatures substantially below 0° C. if they have previously not been emptied by means of a suction installation. Such situations occur exclusively in winter when, for example, rail vehicles remain on a relatively open railway line with no possibility of recovery or are parked in an unplanned manner without an energy supply. 
     In contrast to a fresh water tank, for environmental protection reasons it is not permitted to empty the waste water tank onto the track in order to prevent the tank from becoming fractured as a result of the formation of ice with subsequent leakage of the thawing tank and contamination of the vehicle inner space. 
     For the above reasons, waste water tanks have often been constructed with double walls, which involves increased costs. Alternatively, waste water tanks were also constructed on the outer side, without protection from discharge in the event of leakage. However, tanks which are constructed at the outer side and their fitting construction and the connections thereof are more complex, in particular more costly and heavier than tanks which are fitted at the inner side. 
     In addition in the prior art, the measure has been taken to detect leakages by means of the increased use of sensors and to separate the tank region by means of barriers. However, this also does not afford the possibility of preventing contamination of the rail vehicle in the event of a relatively large quantity of fluid. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Based on this, an object of the invention is to provide a possible method, using simple means, of being able to empty a tank which is fitted internally, for example, for frost protection. 
     This object is achieved with the rail vehicle mentioned in the introduction by the features of the independent claim. 
     Accordingly, there is provided on a base of the tank, in particular of the waste water tank, a connection opening into which a tank closure can be inserted from the outer side of the tank, wherein the tank closure is fitted to an inner side of an unfoldable, sack-like container and an edge of the sack-like container is releasably connected to a shaft which is located below the tank in the base of the rail vehicle. 
     With such a rail vehicle, there is produced an emergency emptying system which is suitable for a waste water tank inside the vehicle or also for an inner tank installation having a waste water tank, a fresh water tank and a tank frame. 
     When the tank closure is opened, the sack-like container can be unfolded in the direction toward a track and a fluid which is located in a tank can be received by the sack-like container. 
     The tank closure preferably has a tool receiving member for releasing the tank closure from the connection opening of the tank. If, for example, the tank closure is fitted in the connection opening of the tank by means of a screw connection, this connection can be released by means of a commercially available tool in order to release the connection opening. 
     Alternatively, the tank closure may be able to be secured in the connection opening of the tank using a rapid-action closure. In this instance, the connection opening is released by actuating the rapid-action closure. 
     At least one transport loop may be fitted at an outer side of the sack-like container. If, for example, a waste water tank has been completely emptied and all of the waste water is located in the sack-like container, this container can be moved using the transport loops for further disposal of the waste water. 
     The shaft in the base of the rail vehicle may be able to be closed at the side thereof facing a track by means of a cover. In this instance, the unfoldable, sack-like container is located between the base of the tank and the cover for the shaft. 
     The cover for the shaft can be fitted to an outer side of the shaft by means of a clamping strip in order to enable simple removal of the cover, where applicable. 
     The edge of the sack-like container can be fitted to an outer side of the shaft using a clamping strip. This enables the edge of the sack-like container to be released from the shaft after it has been filled. 
     For simple closure of the sack-like container, a binding device may further be provided at an outer side of the shaft. 
     Preferably, the sack-like container is constructed so as to be water-tight and high-strength so that it withstands any loads when it is filled and when it is transported. 
     On the base of the rail vehicle, there may be provided flow barriers which are arranged in such a manner that they are located at the outer side of a face which is determined by the projection of the tank onto the vehicle base. In this manner, a contamination of the vehicle inner space when the tank is emptied is prevented in an effective manner. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING 
       An embodiment of the invention will be explained in greater detail below with reference to the drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic illustration of a rail vehicle having a tank provided internally, 
         FIG. 2  is a part-view of the rail vehicle of  FIG. 1  in the region below the tank with an emergency emptying device in the closed state, and 
         FIG. 3  is a part-view of the rail vehicle of  FIG. 1  in the region below the tank with an emergency emptying device in the open state. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       FIG. 1  shows the general structure of a rail vehicle  1  in the inner space of which there are provided vertically one above the other a fresh water tank  2  and therebelow a waste water tank  3  which are retained in a tank frame  4 . The waste water tank  3  is provided with a suction line  5  which enables emptying of the waste water tank  3  at a station which is provided for that purpose. 
     In the embodiment illustrated, both the fresh water tank  2  and the waste water tank  3  are constructed with a single shell. 
     At a base side of the waste water tank  3  is a tank closure  6  for a connection opening (cf.  FIG. 2 ), by means of which the waste water tank  3  can be emptied where applicable in the event of an emergency. Such a case occurs, for example, when freezing of the waste water tank  3  may be anticipated, which would lead to the destruction of the waste water tank  3 . 
     The tank closure  6  is fitted to an inner side of an unfoldable, sack-like container  8  which extends below the tank closure  6  in the folded state downward through an opening  9  into a base  10  of the rail vehicle  1  into a shaft  11  which adjoins it in a downward direction. The shaft  11  is closed at the side thereof facing a track  12  with a cover  13  which is fitted to an outer side of the shaft  11  using a clamping strip  14 , with small spacing with respect to the lower side of the base  10 . 
     An edge  15  of the sack-like container  8  is releasably fitted to an outer side of the shaft  11  at a lower end of the shaft  11 , which end is set back, using a clamping strip  16 . Using a sack binder  17 , which is also provided below the clamping strip  16  at the outer side of the shaft  11 , the sack-like container  8 , as will be explained below, can be closed after it has been filled. 
     Using the emergency emptying device explained above, when the waste water tank  3  is emptied, for example, after a tank breakage and a resultant discharge of fluid, it is possible to proceed as follows: 
     The rail vehicle  1  is first braked and parked, after which the clamping strip  14  for the cover  13  is released and the cover  13  is removed. The tank closure  6 , optionally using a tool which engages in a tool receiving member  18 , is then released and allowed to fall in the direction toward the track  12 . The sack-like container thereby turns “to the left”, the tank closure  6  coming to rest on the track bed. 
     The waste water tank  3  which has consequently been opened begins to empty, the waste water being discharged supporting an unfolding of the sack-like container  8  between the rail vehicle  1  and the track  12 . The waste water can flow completely from the waste water tank  3  into the sack-like container  8 . In this instance, barriers  19  between a vehicle shell and a base of the rail vehicle  1  prevent fluid from spreading on the vehicle base  10  and causing significant damage to the rail vehicle. These barriers  19  are located outside a projection face of the tank frame  4  and further toward the outer side than the feet  21  thereof. 
     After the sack-like container  8  has been filled, the sack binder  17  is released and pushed downward over the sack-like container  8  so that it is closed. Subsequently, there is released the clamping strip  16  with which the edge  15  of the sack-like container  8  was fitted to the outer side of the shaft  11  up to this time. Consequently, the sack-like container  8  is completely released from the rail vehicle  1 . Using transport loops  20  which are provided, the filled sack-like container  8  can be rolled laterally from the track  12  and be deposited outside the clearance gauge of the rail vehicle  1 . For example, using a track maintenance vehicle having a lifting device, the sack-like container  8  can be collected for disposal. 
     In another application of the emergency emptying device, damage by a tank breakage of the fresh water tank  2  located above the waste water tank  3  is intended to be minimized. To this end, wherever possible, the waste water tank  3  is first emptied using the suction line  5 . Subsequently, the same procedure as above is carried out, as in the application explained above, but now with discharged fresh water and not drawn-off waste water flowing into the sack-like container  8 . In this instance, fresh water which has been discharged flows past the waste water tank  3  in the direction toward the sack-like container  8 . 
     As soon as the waste water tank  3  is empty, the sack-like container  8  can be closed in the manner explained above using the sack binder  17 , after which the sack-like container  8  can be removed from the rail vehicle  1 . Fresh water which continues to flow may optionally be discharged directly onto the track  12 .