Abstract:
An integrated terminal for an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) system based on a home network for a smart grid and a method of controlling the same are disclosed. The integrated terminal is connected between an upper system  10  of an AMI system and a plurality of home appliances  36,  respectively, within a home as a power consumer by a predetermined communication unit. The integrated terminal includes a communication module between upper systems serving as an interface for communication with an upper systems  10,  a communication module between home appliances  36  serving as an interface for communication with the plurality of home appliances, and a display unit which displays the information received from the upper systems by the communication module between the upper systems, and displays information received from each home appliance by the communication module between the home appliances.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application is the US National Phase of PCT/KR2012/009114, filed on Nov. 1, 2012, under 35 U.S.C. 371 and claims priority to Korean Patent Application Nos. 10-2011-0114084, filed on Nov. 3, 2011 and 10-2012-0122774, filed on Nov. 1, 2012 in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0003]    The present invention relates to an integrated terminal for an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) system based on a home network for a smart grid and a method of controlling the same, and more particularly, to an apparatus for providing various types of information regarding energy use, such as energy usage, rate information, and the like, through a single device configured of a combination of the existing energy service interface (ESI) and an in home display (IHD), while observing ZigBee smart energy profile (SEP) that is a wireless communication standard for interlocking an AMI with a home network and a device language message specification (DLMS) that is a communication standard of an electronic power meter system. 
         [0004]    2. Description of the Related Art 
         [0005]    A smart grid means an intelligent power network and is a next-generation, power network capable of optimizing an energy use by enabling a power supplier and a power consumer to transmit and receive information associated with electricity use in real time, as an intelligent power network that is a combination of an energy network with a communication network by integrating the existing power network with an information communication technology. The smart grid based power network is being developed to cope with a change in production and consumption in real time and in order to implement a smart grid, there is a need to effectively monitor power consumption. 
         [0006]    The AMI is a system that can implement bidirectional information exchange between a power consumer and a power producer based on a smart meter, wherein the smart meter based on the AMI provides a basis for optimizing a supply and demand of power by providing a bidirectional information providing function, a home network interlocking function, a power control function, and the like. 
         [0007]      FIG. 1  is a diagram illustrating a structure of a power monitoring system within a home of the AMI system that is suggested in a standard system of the ZigBee SEP. 
         [0008]    As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the AMI system includes an AMI related upper system  10  of an electric power company based on a meter data management system (MDMS), a communication system connecting an electric power company that is a subject of power production and/or a supplier with a smart meter in a home  30  that in a power consumer, and a smart meter  20  serving as a gateway between an outside and an inside of the home  30 . 
         [0009]    The upper system  10  includes a data concentration unit (DCU)  11  that collects and stores poser consumption information for each home from the smart meter  20  of each home or transmits the collected information to an automated data collection system (ADCS)  12  in real time, the ADCS  12  that collects various types of power consumption information collected through the DCU  11 , and a meter data management system (MDMS)  13  that performs processes such as calculation of a power rate for each home, and the like, by performing various types of processes based on various rate information such as progressive rate information for each power consumption unit, and the like, in addition to various types of power consumption information for each home, power production and supply information of a power producer, rate information from the industry that is collected through the DCU  11  and the ADCS  12 , and the like. 
         [0010]    A home appliance (HA)  33  may be a general home appliance, such as a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, an air conditioner, and the like, and the home appliances  33  for a smart grid need to have a smart function. 
         [0011]    The smart meter  20  is an apparatus for bidirectional communication between a power supplier and a user while monitoring power consumption in real time. 
         [0012]    For the communication, between the upper systems, an Internet network (TCP/IP) power line communication (PLC), and the like, are used and for communication between the smart meter  20  and the ESI  31 , ZigBee communication that is one of the general short range communication types may be used. Alternatively, the communication between the smart meter  20  and the DCU  11  is performed by using the device language message specification (DLMS) that is a communication standard of the smart meter and is a protocol for communication between the smart meter  20  and the DCU  11 . 
         [0013]    ZigBee is a protocol that can be used to build a low power and low scale wireless network. Meanwhile, a media access control (MAC) and a physical layer are regulated as a standard in IEEE 802.15.4 that is an international standard and a standard of an upper layer in regulated in conjunction with ZigBee Alliance. 
         [0014]    Further, the communication between the AMI and a home may be performed through an energy service interface (ESI)  31 . In addition, the home is provided with an IHD  32  that displays power consumption information, a rate, carbon emission information, and the like, of various home appliances  33  within a home. 
         [0015]    The communication between the ESI  31  and the smart meter  20  is performed by the ZigBee SEP. 
         [0016]    Various types of information such as power consumption information, rate information, and the like, of various home appliances  33  within a home are displayed in the IHD  32  via the ESI  31  and the total power consumption information, the rate information, and the like, within a home are transmitted to the IHD  32  via the ESI  31  from the upper system  10  and are displayed. 
         [0017]    However, the foregoing existing scheme performs all the communications between the smart meter  20  serving as a gateway and the ESI  31  and between the IHD  32  and the home appliances  33  via the ESI  31  and as a result, a communication system is complicated and the definition of interlocking function and role is not clear. 
         [0018]    In particular, in the network configuration of the ZigBee SEP, the IHD  32  cannot search the detailed information of the home appliances  33  that participate in the network and the ESI  31  has a control right of the home appliances  33 , such that only the simple information such as power consumption information, and the like, can be searched. Further, it is uncertain whether the interlocking between the ESI  31  of the ZigBee SEP and the upper system  10  is defined. 
         [0019]    Further, an upgrade of a firmware is not defined in the ZigBee SEP and therefore, the implementation of the function cannot secure compatibility of standards and a remote firmware upgrade requires high reliability but it is difficult for the RF characteristic and the communication mechanism of ZigBee to meet the request. 
         [0020]    The system of the related art has problems in that communication capacity is insufficient and the reliability of communication is limited, due to a limitation of the ZigBee communication. 
         [0021]    Recently, some of the smart devices that are manufactured by makers of the home appliances  33  are not based on the ZigBee SEP, but instead home appliances performing communications based on WiFi have appeared. In this case, the system of the related art cannot cope with the WiFi based home appliances. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0022]    The present invention has been made in an effort to solve the above problems of the related art by configuring a network among a smart meter, an upper system, and home appliances by a terminal in which ESI and IHD functions are integrated into one unit, while observing ZigBee SEP that is a communication standard of an international standard and a DLMS that is a communication standard of the smart meter. 
         [0023]    Another object of the present invention is to provide an integrated terminal that can be applied to other communication types of home appliances other than ZigBee SEP. 
         [0024]    In order to accomplish the foregoing object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an integrated terminal that is connected between an upper system of an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) system and a plurality of home appliances, respectively, within a home as a power consumer by a predetermined communication unit, the integrated terminal including: a communication module between upper systems serving as an interface for communication with an upper system; a communication module between home appliances serving as an interface for communication with the plurality of home appliances; and a display unit which displays the information received from the upper systems by the communication module between the upper systems, and displays information received from each home appliance by the communication module between the home appliances. 
         [0025]    According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for controlling an integrated terminal that is connected between an upper system of an AMI system and a plurality of home appliances, respectively, within a home as a power consumer by a predetermined communication unit, the method including: (a) configuring a communication network between a plurality of home appliances within the home as a power consumer and a smart meter; (b) waiting after the step (a); (c) during the waiting in step (b), determining whether a connection/disconnection of home appliances is requested due to the installation or removal of home appliances and if it is determined that the connection/disconnection is requested, returning to the step (a) to reconfigure the communication network, including the home appliances that are additionally connected or disconnected; (d) during the waiting in step (b), determining whether a control of the home appliances is requested and if it is determined that the control of the home appliances is requested, controlling the corresponding home appliances, and (e) in the waiting in step (b), checking data to be displayed on a display device to determine whether the checked data is valid data and if it is determined that the checked data is valid data, displaying the corresponding data on the display device. 
         [0026]    According do the foregoing configuration, the exemplary embodiment of the present invention con simplify the communication system that interconnects between the upper system and the lower system, immediately process the user request, and facilitate an upgrade (firmware upgrade) of the integrated terminal within a home from the upper system, thereby solving the lack of communication capacity and the reliability of communication due to the ZigBee communication that is the existing system. 
         [0027]    Further, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention can perform communication with home appliances using, for example, WiFi based communications in addition to the ZigBee SEP of the related art, thereby being applicable for various communication types of home appliances. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0028]    The above objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the related art in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings; 
           [0029]      FIG. 1  is a diagram illustrating a structure of a power monitoring system of an AMI system that is suggested in a standard system of ZigBee SEP of the related art; 
           [0030]      FIG. 2  is a diagram illustrating a structure of a power monitoring system of an AMI system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0031]      FIG. 3  is a functional block diagram illustrating a configuration of an integrated terminal according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and 
           [0032]      FIG. 4  is a flow chart illustrating an operation of the integrated terminal according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0033]    Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
         [0034]      FIG. 2  is a diagram illustrating an overall structure of a power monitoring system of an AMI system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         [0035]    First, as illustrated in  FIG. 2 , an upper system of an AMI system is the same as the related art, and therefore, like components are denoted by reference numerals of  FIG. 1  and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. However, in  FIG. 2 , an IHD server  14  and a mobile server  15  are added in an upper system  10 , but the IHD server  14  is a server that performs a lower function of an MDMS  13  as a server that holds data for displaying information of an integrated terminal  35  performing an IHD function and a mobile server  15  is a server than performs a service using a smart phone, which is not directly associated with the present invention. 
         [0036]    In the present specification, the term ‘upper system’ means a system of an upper side, that is, a power supplier side above a smart meter and an integrated terminal, based on the smart meter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and the integrated terminal to be described below and the term ‘lower system’ means a system of a home appliance side within a home that is a lower side, that is, a power consumer below a smart meter and an integrated terminal. 
         [0037]    According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, improved parts of the related art are that ESI  31  and IHD  32  functions are integrated in an integrated terminal  35  and the integrated terminal  35  is connected to a DCU  11  by a power line communication (PLC) while being connected to an ADCS  12  and the MDMS  13  via an Internet network. 
         [0038]    That is, the integrated terminal  35  in which the ESI  31  and IHD  32  functions are integrated is connected to the DCU  11  by the power line communication and thus, thereby the integrated terminal  35  may optionally communicate with the upper system  10  via the DCU  11  and/or the Internet network. 
         [0039]    Here, the connection between the integrated terminal  35  and the system  10  may depend on a short range communication network such as WiFi, or the like, within a home  30  and may be directly connected to the Internet network within the home  30 . 
         [0040]    Further, a home appliance  33  having a smart function among home appliances within the home  30  can be communicably connected directly to the integrated terminal  35  and a home appliance  37  that does not have a smart function can be communicably connected to the integrated terminal  35  via a smart plug. 
         [0041]    The integrated terminal  35  according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention performs both of an interface function for communication between the upper system  10  and the IHD  32  and an interface function for communication between the home appliance  36  ( 37 ) that is the ESI  31  function of the related art and the IHD  32  and further performs both of the IHD  32  function of the related art and the ESI  31  function directly controlling the home appliance  36  ( 37 ). 
         [0042]    Next, the integrated terminal  35  according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to  FIG. 3 .  FIG. 3  is a functional block diagram illustrating a configuration of an integrated terminal according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         [0043]    As described above, the integrated terminal  35  includes a data request unit  352  that can be communicably connected to the upper system of the AMI system via the Internet or the power line communication, communicably connected to the home appliances  36  ( 37 ) that are the lower system by ZigBee SEP or WiFi, and periodically requests necessary data to the upper system  10  according to a user request through a user interface  351  or a time set in an embedded program, a data receiving unit  353  that receives data requested by the data request unit  352  from the upper system  10 , a command/data request unit  354  that transmits a command for periodically controlling the home appliances  36  ( 37 ) that is the lower system according to the user request through the user interface  351  or the time set in the embedded program or requests data necessary for the home appliances  36  ( 37 ), and a command/data receiving unit  355  that receives data requested by the command/data requesting unit  354  frost the home appliances  36  ( 37 ). 
         [0044]    As the request data that is requested to the upper system  10  by the data request unit  352 , there may be, for example, power consumption information (LP) accumulating data  352 - 1  per a unit time, power consumption statistical information data  352 - 2 , past LP data  352 - 3 , power consumption comparison data  352 - 4 , rate data for each step (progressive rate data)  352 - 5 , other data  352 - 5 , and the like. The data corresponding to the request data as the data received  1  from the upper system  10  by the data receiving unit  353  according to the request by the data request unit  352  is data  353 - 1  to  353 - 6  that is accumulated in the MDMS  13  or the ADCS  12  of the upper system  10 . 
         [0045]    Further, as the command controlling the home appliances  36  ( 37 ) by the command/data request unit  354 , there may be a command  354 - 1  that turns on or off each home appliance connected to, for example, the smart plug  37  or a command  354 - 1  that turns on or off each home appliance  36  having a smart function. 
         [0046]    Further, as the request data requested to the home appliances  36  ( 37 ) by the command/data request unit  354 , there may be, for example, LP data  354 - 2  for each home appliance  36  ( 37 ), current state date  354 - 3  indicating whether each home appliance  36  ( 37 ) is in a current operating state or a stop state, other data  354 - 4  such as data indicating carbon emission information for each home appliance  36  ( 37 ), and the like. The data received from the home appliances  36  ( 37 ) by the command/data receiving unit  355  is data  355 - 1  to  355 - 4  received from each home appliance  36  ( 37 ) as data corresponding to the request data requested by the command/data request unit  354 . 
         [0047]    As described above, the data request to the upper system  10  or the home appliances  36  ( 37 ) by the data request unit  352  or the command/data request unit  354  by the integrated terminal  35  may be periodically performed in a unit of several minutes, for example, 15 minutes, and the like, according to the case in which there is the user request through the user interface  351  or the embedded program. 
         [0048]    Further, the integrated terminal  35  includes a display device  359  and each data received from the home appliances  36  ( 37 ) of the upper system  10  or the lower system is displayed on the display device  359  and thus, is provided for visual confirmation by a user. 
         [0049]    The data request unit  352  and the data receiving unit  353  correspond to a communication module between the upper systems according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the command/data request unit  354  and the command/data receiving unit  355  correspond to the communication module between the home appliances, and the display device  359  corresponds to a display unit. 
         [0050]    Further, in addition to the foregoing functions, the integrated terminal  35  may further include an open auto demand request (Open ADR) processing unit  356 , a home appliance power consumption information collection unit  357 , and a smart meter power consumption information collection unit  358 . 
         [0051]    The Open ADR is a system that stops the use of the home appliances by directly controlling the home appliances  36  ( 37 ) within each home via the integrated terminal  35  in the upper system  10  by, for example, a previous contract between a power supplier and a consumer, for example, when reserved power is insufficient due to a peak of power demand and prevents the occurrence of a power outage in the overall transmission network or distribution network. 
         [0052]    The Open ADR processing unit  356  perforce a function of stopping an operation of all or a part of the home appliances  36  ( 37 ) by the control from the upper system  10  when a necessity of the Open ADR is generated. 
         [0053]    The home appliance power consumption information collection unit  357  performs a function of collecting the power consumption information for each home appliance  36  ( 37 ) or for each predetermined period of all the home appliances  36  ( 37 ) within the home  30  and transmitting the collected power consumption information to the upper system  10 . 
         [0054]    The smart meter power consumption information collection unit  358  performs a function of collecting the power consumption information for each home that is held by the smart meters  20  of each home  30  through the DCU  11  or the upper system  10 . 
         [0055]    Further, the integrated terminal  35  includes a database (DB) and may store the power consumption information for a predetermined period and the power consumption information for each home that are collected by the house appliance power consumption information collection unit  357  and the smart meter power consumption information collection unit  358  in the DB within the integrated terminal  35 . In this case, the power consumption information for each predetermined period of the home appliances  36  ( 37 ) stored in the DB and the power consumption information for each home held by the smart meter  20  may be displayed by a user request, and the like. 
         [0056]    Unlike the data request unit  352  to the command/data receiving unit  355 , the Open ADR processing unit  356 , the home appliance power consumption information collection unit  357 , and the smart meter power consumption information collection unit  358  controls each home appliance  36  ( 37 ) by the direct control of the upper system  10  or collects the desired information from each home appliance  36  ( 37 ) and the smart meter  20 . 
         [0057]    Next, an operation of the integrated terminal  35  according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention to perform the integrated function of the ESI and the IHD based on the ZigBee SEP will be described with reference to  FIG. 4 .  FIG. 4  is a flow chart illustrating an operation of the integrated terminal according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         [0058]    First, when a network connected to the upper system  10  is configured simultaneously with the initialization of the system, in step S 1 , the integrated terminal  35  configures, for example, the ZigBee SEP communication network with the lower home appliances  36  ( 37 ) and smart meter ( 20 ), and the like, and then, proceeds to step S 2  and waits. 
         [0059]    Next, during the waiting of step S 2 , it is determined whether the connection/disconnection of the home appliances are additionally requested to the communication network built in step S 1  by, for example, the installation or removal of the home appliances, and the like (step S 3 ). As the determination result, if it is determined that the connection/disconnection is requested from the home appliances (Yes in step S 3 ), the operation returns to step S 1  to reconfigure the communication network including the home appliances that are additionally connected or disconnected. If it is determined that there is no connection/disconnection request (No in step S 3 ), the operation returns to step S 2  and waits. 
         [0060]    Further, during the waiting in step S 2 , it is determined whether there are the control of the home appliances and the collection request of the power consumption information according to the request from a user or a predetermined period in the embedded program as described above (step S 4 ). As the determination result, if it is determined that there are the control of the home appliances and the collection request of the power consumption information (Yes in step S 4 ), the operation proceeds to step S 5  to control the corresponding home appliances or collect the power consumption information and then, the operation proceeds to step S 8  to display the results on the display device  359  of the integrated terminal  35  and then, returns to step S 2  and waits. If it is determined that there is no control of the home appliances or collection request of the power consumption information (No in step S 4 ), the operation returns to step S 2  and waits. 
         [0061]    In addition, during the waiting of step S 2 , the integrated terminal  35  continuously checks the data to be displayed on the display device  359  (step S 6 ) and in step S 7 , it is determined whether the checked data is valid data. As the determination result, if it is determined that the checked data is valid data (Yes in step S 7 ), the operation proceeds to step S 8  to display the corresponding data on the display device  359  and returns to step S 2  and waits. If it is determined that the checked data is not valid data (No in step S 7 ), the operation returns to step S 2  and waits. 
         [0062]    The integrated terminal  35  performs a routine as described above to achieve the function of the integrated terminal  35 . 
         [0063]    Further, as illustrated in  FIG. 4 , according to the integrated terminal on the present invention, the ESI function of the related art marked by symbol a, the IHD function of the related art marked by symbol b, and a function of integrating the ESI and the IHD of the related art marked by symbol c are performed by a single apparatus. 
         [0064]    As described above, the exemplary embodiment of the present invention configures the network between the smart meter and the home appliances by the integrated terminal in which the ESI and IHD functions of the related art are integrated into one to collect or provide the information and the data through the communication with the home appliances that are the lower system while collecting or providing the information and the data through the communication with the upper system and the user can control the operation of the home appliances by the integrated terminal according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention or the upper system can directly control the home appliances within each home as a power consumer by the integrated terminal. 
         [0065]    Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to simplify the communication system that interconnects between the upper system and the lower system, immediately process the user request, and facilitate an upgrade (firmware upgrade) of the smart function of the integrated terminal within a home from the upper system, thereby solving the lack of communication capacity and the reliability of communication due to the ZigBee communication that is the existing system. 
         [0066]    Further, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention can perform the communication with home appliances using, for example, WiFi based communications in addition to the ZigBee SEP of the related art, thereby being applicable for various communication types of home appliances.