Abstract:
An automatic alerting apparatus and method, is herein disclosed, which audibly signals neighbors when a house or building door has not been opened in the previous twenty-four (24) hours. The system comprises a plurality of contacts aligned in a parallel connection on the exterior doors of a residence. The contacts are connected to a resettable twenty-four (24) hour timer. In use, if the timer is not rest in a twenty-four (24) hour period then power is supplied to an audible horn or beacon which alerts others to a potential emergency situation. It is envisioned that the device apparatus would have a back-up battery system for use during power failures and an override button for periods where no one will be in the residence for more than twenty-four (24) hours.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    The present invention was first described in a notarized Official Record of Invention on Aug. 27, 2007, that is on file at the offices of Montgomery Patent and Design, LLC, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
       FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The present invention relates generally to an automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals and, more particularly, to an automatic alerting system which audibly signals neighbors when a house or building door has not been opened in the previous twenty-four (24) hours. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    As any home owner will attest, security is an area of primary concern. Due to the fact that people tend to place a high value on their property and personal safety, the marketplace has responded with a variety of products that are intended to protect one&#39;s life and property. A recent addition to these types of products are those that alert others to possible falls, dangers or medical conditions for those who live on their own and may be elderly or disabled. While these products work most of the time, they do require action on the part of the home dweller to activate in an emergency. This requirement is of an ironic nature since it is assumed that the person is incapable of helping themselves in the first place. Accordingly, there exists a need for a means by which elderly or disabled people living on their own can be provided with assistance during emergency situations without requiring action on their part. The development of the invention herein described fulfills this need. 
         [0004]    The present invention is an automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals which audibly signal neighbors when a house or building door has not been opened in the previous twenty-four (24) hours. The system utilizes a series of door contacts arranged in a parallel connection on all exterior doors of a home, apartment or similar structure. The door contacts then switch power to a resettable twenty-four (24) hour timer. Should the timer not be reset within a twenty-four (24) hour period, it will then apply power to an audible alerting device and a visual alerting device, both located on an exterior surface of a dwelling. The audible alerting device and the visual alerting device are intended to alert neighbors, passer-bys, motorists, delivery personnel, mail persons, and others who are in the vicinity of the dwelling that a possible emergency situation exists on the inside of the dwelling. The present invention is equipped with a battery backup for operation during a power failure, and a vacation interrupt switch which disables the system during planned sessions of absence. The use of the present invention provides a means for tracking activities of elderly or disabled people who live on their own in an automatic yet discrete manner which helps address possible medical emergencies. 
         [0005]    Several attempts have been made in the past to provide alerting systems for incapacitated individuals. U.S. Pat. No. 4,993,058, issued in the name of McMinn et al., describes an illuminated house light display that provides a visual warning signal to guide summoned emergency personnel. Furthermore, U.S. Pat. No. 5,012,507, issued in the name of Leighton et al., is a telephone activated emergency light system. However, unlike the present invention, the McMinn and the Leighton systems are activated by dialing a numeric emergency sequence on a telephone. 
         [0006]    U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,636,263 and 5,991,363, both issued in the name of Thomson, disclose a high-intensity light emitting diode that is activated by an emergency service dispatcher over a telephone line used by a person who telephones for emergency help. The Thomson apparatus assures that emergency personnel will quickly and easily find the emergency site when they arrive in the general location. However, unlike the present invention, the Thomson systems are activated over a telephone line. 
         [0007]    U.S. Pat. No. 6,471,373, issued in the name of Phillips, discloses an emergency strobe light system that flashes to alert rescue personnel when a radio frequency signal is transmitted to a telephone interface. However, unlike the present invention, the Phillips system is activated when the dialing of an emergency number has been detected by one of the telephone interfaces. 
         [0008]    U.S. Pat. No. 6,950,018, issued in the name of Merrell et al., discloses an alarm system comprising at least one wireless alarm transmitter, at least one wireless activate transmitter, and at least one wireless signal receiver. However, unlike the present invention, the Merrell system displays a text message alarm to alert hearing impaired people of hazardous conditions. 
         [0009]    None of the prior art particularly describes an automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals which audibly signals neighbors when a house or building door has not been opened in the previous twenty-four (24) hours and that does not require action on the individuals part that the instant invention possesses. Accordingly, there exists a need for an alerting system by which elderly or disable people living on their own can be provided with assistance during emergency situations without requiring action on their part that operates without the disadvantages as described above. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0010]    In view of the foregoing disadvantages inherent in the prior art, it has been observed that there is need for an automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals which audibly signals neighbors when a house or building door has not been opened in the previous twenty-four (24) hours and that does not require action on the individuals part. 
         [0011]    To achieve the above objectives, it is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals comprising an audible alerting device located on an exterior surface of a dwelling, a visual alerting device located on the exterior surface of the dwelling, a base unit located on an interior surface of the dwelling, a power cable electrically connected to a power outlet that provides electrical power to the base unit, at least one (1) door sensor located on an exterior door of the dwelling, at least one (1) pressure sensor pad located at a fixed floor location of the dwelling, and at least one (1) motion sensor located in a central location of the dwelling. 
         [0012]    A further object of the present invention is having the automatic alerting system further comprise a charge controller located inside the base unit that is powered by electrical power from the power outlet through the power cable. 
         [0013]    Another object of the present invention is having the automatic alerting system further comprise a rechargeable battery located inside the base unit that is powered by electrical power routed through the charge controller, wherein the rechargeable battery ensures that adequate power is available for the automatic alerting system in the event of a power failure. 
         [0014]    Another object of the present invention is having the automatic alerting system further comprise a timing relay located inside the base unit that is powered by electrical power routed through the charge controller by a first path and a second path, the first path is direct and provides power for operation of the timing relay and provides power for any other components of the automatic alerting system, the second path first travels through a vacation interrupt switch and allows the vacation interrupt switch to be turned off when not needed. 
         [0015]    Another object of the present invention is having the automatic alerting system further comprise the door sensor, the pressure sensor pad, and the motion sensor electrically connected in a series thereby activation of only one of the sensors is required for a timing cycle on said timing relay to be reset thus ensuring the audible alerting device and the visual alerting device will not be activated, and the audible alerting device and the visual alerting device are operated by an output of the timing relay whereby the audible alerting device and the visual alerting device are activated by the timing relay if any of the sensors are not activated in a twenty-four (24) hour period. 
         [0016]    Another object of the present invention is having the automatic alerting system further comprise an auxiliary relay which is used to generate a dry contact to signal other systems such as a central alarm system, a paging system, an automatic dialer system, or similar system. 
         [0017]    Yet another object of the present invention is having the vacation interrupt switch a single-pole, single-throw switch which serves to mimic operation of the door sensor, the pressure sensor pad, and the motion sensor by stimulation continuous action thereby eliminating any possibility of any activation of the automatic alerting system. 
         [0018]    Still yet another object of the present invention is having the automatic alerting system electrically connected by a plurality of low voltage wires commonly used in alarm systems, doorbells, or similar items. 
         [0019]    Yet still another object of the present invention is having the automatic alerting system electrically connected by a wireless radio frequency signal. 
         [0020]    Still another object of the present invention is having the automatic alerting system further comprise the at least one (1) door sensor located on the exterior door of the dwelling that is accessed by a user at least one (1) time per day, at least one (1) pressure sensor pad located at the fixed floor location of the dwelling that is likely to see foot traffic by the user at least one (1) time per day, at least one (1) motion sensor located in a central location of the dwelling likely to see motion of the user at least (1) time per day, wherein the door sensor, the pressure sensor pad, and the motion sensor are individually positioned in the dwelling to determine movement and motion of the user living in the dwelling at least one (1) time during a twenty-four (24) hour period. 
         [0021]    Still yet another object of the present invention is having the motion sensor an infrared detector. 
         [0022]    Yet another object of the present invention is having the motion sensor an ultrasonic detector. 
         [0023]    Still yet another object of the present invention is having the base unit mounted on a table in the dwelling. 
         [0024]    Still yet another object of the present invention is having the base unit mounted on a wall of the dwelling. 
         [0025]    Yet still another object of the present invention is having the automatic alerting system provided for a single family home. 
         [0026]    Still another object of the present invention is having the automatic alerting system provided for an apartment, a multi-family home, a mobile home, a travel trailer, a condominium, or a similar dwelling. 
         [0027]    Still yet another object of the present invention is having the automatic alerting system further comprise at least one (1) power indication light. 
         [0028]    Yet another object of the present invention is having the automatic alerting system further comprise at least one (1) status light. 
         [0029]    Still another object of the present invention is having the automatic alerting system further comprise at least one (1) pre-alarm indicator. 
         [0030]    Yet another object of the present invention is having the automatic alerting system further comprise a direction connection to a cellular or other wireless network. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0031]    The advantages and features of the present invention will become better understood with reference to the following more detailed description and claims taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like elements are identified with like symbols, and in which: 
           [0032]      FIG. 1  is a pictorial representation of the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10  provided on a dwelling  15 , according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0033]      FIG. 2  is a floor plan of a dwelling  15  depicting the location of the major components of the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10 ; and, 
           [0034]      FIG. 3  is an electrical schematic diagram depicting the major electrical components as used in the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10 . 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTIVE KEY 
       [0035]      10  automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals 
         [0036]      15  dwelling 
         [0037]      20  incapacitated individual 
         [0038]      25  exterior surface 
         [0039]      30  audible alerting device 
         [0040]      35  visual alerting device 
         [0041]      40  base unit 
         [0042]      45  power cable 
         [0043]      50  conventional power outlet 
         [0044]      55  door sensor 
         [0045]      60  exterior door 
         [0046]      65  pressure sensor pad 
         [0047]      70  fixed floor location 
         [0048]      75  motion sensor 
         [0049]      80  central location 
         [0050]      85  charge controller 
         [0051]      90  rechargeable battery 
         [0052]      95  timing relay 
         [0053]      100  vacation interrupt switch 
         [0054]      105  auxiliary relay 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
       [0055]    The best mode for carrying out the invention is presented in terms of its preferred embodiment, herein depicted within  FIGS. 1 through 3 . However, the invention is not limited to the described embodiment and a person skilled in the art will appreciate that many other embodiments of the invention are possible without deviating from the basic concept of the invention, and that any such work around will also fall under scope of this invention. It is envisioned that other styles and configurations of the present invention can be easily incorporated into the teachings of the present invention, and only one particular configuration shall be shown and described for purposes of clarity and disclosure and not by way of limitation of scope. 
         [0056]    The terms “a” and “an” herein do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced items. 
         [0057]    Referring now to  FIG. 1 , a pictorial representation of the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10  provided on a dwelling  15 , according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is disclosed. The dwelling  15  is depicted as a conventional single family home for the purposes of illustration. It should be noted that the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10  will work in any type of dwelling  15  such as an apartment, a multi-family home, a mobile home, a travel trailer, a condominium, and the like, and as such, said representation of a single family home should not be interpreted as a limiting factor of the present invention. An incapacitated individual  20  is shown lying on the floor of the dwelling  15  (as shown by use of cutaway lines). Said incapacitated individual  20  is viewed as being incapacitated for medical reasons and/or physical reasons such as falling, broken bones or the like. Whatever the reason, the incapacitated individual  20  would be incapable of moving on their own and would thus remain in one location within the dwelling  15 . As such, normal activity such as walking around the house, opening the door, checking the mail, walking pets and the like would not occur. Located on an exterior surface  25  of the dwelling  15  are an audible alerting device  30  and a visual alerting device  35 . Said audible alerting device  30  and visual alerting device  35  are intended to alert neighbors, passer-bys, motorists, delivery personnel, mail persons, and others who are in the vicinity of the dwelling  15  that a possible emergency situation exists on the inside of the dwelling  15 . Said alerting process will be described in greater detail herein below. 
         [0058]    Referring next to  FIG. 2 , a floor plan of a dwelling  15  depicting the location of the major components of the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10  is depicted. Said floor plan is typical of a common dwelling  15  (as is shown in  FIG. 1 ) and is intended to depict the various components and sensors associated with the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10  and not necessarily the required layout. In fact, familiarity with the floor plan and the various daily routines typically performed by the occupant of the dwelling  15  is a requirement to ensure for correct operation. As such, repositioning of the required components to suit individual installations is necessary. The audible alerting device  30  and the visual alerting device  35  are located on the exterior of the dwelling  15  as aforementioned described. A base unit  40  is conveniently located on the interior of the dwelling  15  and can either be table mounted or wall mounted. Further description of the interior electrical components inside of the base unit  40  along with its exterior power and control connections will be described in greater detail herein below. Electrical power for the base unit  40  is provided by power cable  45  connected to a conventional power outlet  50 . Also seen in  FIG. 2 , is a variety of actuation sensors. A door sensor  55  is located on an exterior door  60  commonly viewed as being accessed at least on a daily basis for mail retrieval. A pressure sensor pad  65  is located is located at a fixed floor location  70  such as a central hallway or other location likely to see foot traffic by the sole occupant of the dwelling  15  at least multiple times in a day. Finally, a motion sensor  75  is located in a central location  80  such as a kitchen area likely to see motion on at least several times a day. The motion sensor  75  could be of a passive design such as an infrared detector, or of an active design such as an ultrasonic detector. It should be noted that the purpose of the door sensor  55 , the pressure sensor pad  65  and the motion sensor  75  is to determine movement and motion of the single occupant of the dwelling  15  at least once during a 24 hour time period. As such, the quantity and location of the door sensor  55 , the pressure sensor pad  65 , and the motion sensor  75  must be analyzed on an individual basis with the minimum quantity being at least one of any of the selected sensors and the maximum being several of each. Additionally careful consideration as to the type and placement of the sensors must be considered for dwelling  15  in which there are pets, such as dogs and cats, present that could inadvertently prevent the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10  from operating by activating certain types of sensors or sensors in a certain location. It should also be noted that the operation of the door sensor  55 , the pressure sensor pad  65 , and the motion sensor  75  will occur in a passive manner, that is, no specific action, other than ordinary everyday activity or actions is necessary to activate the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10 . Said activities include opening a door, walking down a hallway or preparing a meal in the kitchen. It is envisioned that the wiring between the various items would be of the low voltage variety commonly used in alarm systems, doorbells, and the like. Other intercommunication schemes such as wireless radio frequency can also be used with equal effectiveness and as such, should not be interpreted as a limiting factor of the present invention. 
         [0059]    Referring finally to  FIG. 3 , an electrical schematic diagram depicting the major electrical components as used in the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10  is disclosed. In addition, this FIG. more clearly identifies the operating sequence of the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10  as well. Power for the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10  is derived from the conventional power outlet  50  via the power cable  45  and delivered to a charge controller  85  inside of the base unit  40 . Power from the charge controller  85  is routed to a rechargeable battery  90  located inside of the base unit  40 . In such a manner the rechargeable battery  90  “floats” across the power supply for the balance of the circuit components ensuring that adequate power is always available for the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10  even in the event of a power failure. It is envisioned that the rechargeable battery  90  has adequate power capacity for at least 3 days of operation. Power from the charge controller  85  is routed to a timing relay  95  along dual paths. The first path is direct and provides power for operation of the relay as well as any downstream devices which may require power. The second path first travels through a vacation interrupt switch  100  which basically allows the vacation interrupt switch  100  to be turned off when not needed. Such times are envisioned as when the occupant is not in the dwelling  15  (as shown in  FIG. 1 ) for extended periods of time such as vacations, overnight visits, long term hospitals stays, and the like. The vacation interrupt switch  100  is a single-pole, single-throw switch which serves to mimic the operation of the door sensor  55 , the pressure sensor pad  65  and the motion sensor  75  by simulating continuous action and thus eliminating the possibility of any activation of the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10  regardless of other activity in the dwelling  15  (as shown in  FIG. 1 ). In its normal or armed position, it is closed. Next in line in a series connected fashion is one door sensor  55 , followed by one pressure sensor pad  65  and followed by one motion sensor  75 . All such devices are normally closed in their inactivated position and only open when action or motion is detected. It should be noted that all sensors are wired in series, such that only one of the sensors is required for activation. Said activation results in the resetting of the timing cycle on the timing relay  95  upon re-closing of the associated sensor. Such a feature means that the timing relay  95  will never operate as long as at least one of the door sensor  55 , the pressure sensor pad  65  or the motion sensor  75  activate and recluse in a 24 hour period. The output of the timing relay  95  is used to operate the audible alerting device  30 , the visual alerting device  35  and an auxiliary relay  105  which is used to generate a dry contact to signal other system such as a central alarm system, a paging system, an automatic dialer system, or the like. Such interfaces thus provide remote indication for a possible incapacitated individual  20  (as shown in  FIG. 1 ) at dwelling  15  (as shown in  FIG. 1 ) that are not readily accessed by others such as homes set far back from the road, homes blocked by trees, or homes in remote locations such as cabins. Such circuitry as shown in  FIG. 3  is intended to represent the minimum required for desired operation. As such, other auxiliary circuits such as power indication lights, status lights, pre-alarm indication (such as after twenty-three and a half (23½) hours), direct connection to a cellular or other wireless networks or the like are also envisioned. As such, the exclusion of such peripheral items are not intended to be a limiting factor of the present invention. 
         [0060]    It is envisioned that other styles and configurations of the present invention can be easily incorporated into the teachings of the present invention, and only one particular configuration shall be shown and described for purposes of clarity and disclosure and not by way of limitation of scope. 
         [0061]    The preferred embodiment of the present invention can be utilized by the common user in a simple and effortless manner with little or no training. It is envisioned that the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10  would be manufactured and installed in general accordance with  FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 2 , and  FIG. 3 . Careful attention to the exact placement of any door sensor  55 , and pressure sensor pad  65  and any motion sensor  75  would be necessary to ensure that at least of the sensors would be activated by the occupant during the course of a day at least once and preferably multiple times. Interconnecting wiring would be hidden behind walls, under carpet or by other practices suitable for use and acknowledged in the art. After suitable testing to ensure operation, the system is ready for operation. 
         [0062]    During the course of a 24 day, the occupant of the dwelling  15  would go about his or her daily business, such as walking about the house, gathering mail, performing house chores, preparing mail, and the like. Every time such action triggers either a door sensor  55 , a pressure sensor pad  65  or a motion sensor  75 , the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10  resets the internal timing relay  95  thus beginning another 24 hour count down cycle. Should the services of the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10  not be desired, the vacation interrupt switch  100  is placed in the unarmed position. However, should the occupant become an incapacitated individual  20  and become unable to move or access a telephone for help, no further sensors would be activated. After the completed time period, which would now be only a maximum of 24 hours, the timing relay  95  would close and signal for help by use of the audible alerting device  30 , the visual alerting device  35  or remote signaling systems as identified above by use of the auxiliary relay  105 . After help arrives and the situation corrected, a simple activation of any of the sensors depicted by the door sensor  55 , the pressure sensor pad  65  or the motion sensor  75  will restore the automatic alerting system for incapacitated individuals  10  to its armed state and thus recycling it for future operation and safety of the occupant. 
         [0063]    The foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention and method of use to the precise forms disclosed. Obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical application, and to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is understood that various omissions or substitutions of equivalents are contemplated as circumstance may suggest or render expedient, but is intended to cover the application or implementation without departing from the spirit or scope of the claims of the present invention.