Abstract:
This case is drawn towards an apparatus which mixes dry building materials. The building materials are mixed with air and water in a continuously flowing manner. The apparatus has a mixing tube with a rotating shaft. The materials are fed into the tube in its upward portion, moves downward passing a series of supporting plates which are attached to the sides of the tube in the conical shaft alternatively in a conically sloping manner.

Description:
The invention concerns a mixing tube for drying building materials such as sand, cement, limestone, gypsum, which in any event are also mixed completely with chemical additives, and will be used for the preparation of mortar, plaster, floor finish, insulating plaster, or the like, for the mixing with water and with air in a continuously flowing process, whereby at the upper end of the mixing tube the feed for the dry material is arranged, in the vertical or inclined axial line of the mixing tube a rotating shaft is arranged with stirring blades, and at the lower end a conveying pump is connected. 
     The task which the invention is based on is then directed towards the design of such a mixing tube, that in the continuously extractable finished mixture there is a high process occurring, and not, perchance, by the chemical constituents. 
     According to this invention this problem is solved in such a way that with a mixing tube of the preceding described kind, the stirring blades are supported on plates or discs tightly connected all around to the rotating shaft, or to a casing rotating with it, which--with respect to the rotational axis line--are conically inclined from the inside above to the outside downward, and maintain a fixed distance from the inner wall of the mixing tube, and that on the mixing tube inner wall, in intermediate stages, tightly fastened all around discs are connected as intermediate chamber bottoms, which--with respect to the rotational axis line--are inclined from the rotating shaft or the casing rotating with it. 
     With the invention there is in the mixing tube a majority of at least two chambers in stages arranged under each other into which, at any time, a rotating plate projects and produces a partition at any time into space parts which communicate with one another through a relatively small annular gap. The chambers themselves communicate with one another through a relatively small annular gap next to the rotating shaft. In that way, the path of the mixed material during its passage through the mixing tube runs on a zig-zag course from inside outward and again from outside inward. On this path, narrow passages alternate with expansions, which has a considerable influence on the air transported with it. 
     The mixed material is put into motion by the blades. Expediently, these are, like paddles, so set in relation to the rotational axis line that those situated on the upper side of the plate convey toward the outside, and those situated on the lower side of the plate convey toward the inside. 
     Blades which are supported by plates tightly connected all around to the rotating shaft, which maintain a fixed distance from the inner wall of the mixing tube, as well as plates tightly connected all around to the mixing tube inner wall as intermediate chamber walls sloped from outside to inside, which maintain a fixed distance from the rotating shaft, are known from DE patent Publication No. 463 559. The mixing machine shown there, especially for mortar and the like, possesses however, no air entrance at all. The individual materials to be mixed run through individual feeding hoppers from containers, uninterrupted, and are metered by means of screw conveyors. The separator plates are sloped from outside about to inside below--with respect to the rotational axis line--and thus lie parallel to the intermediate chamber bottoms. The intermediate bottoms form a double pairing, between which is situated a stagnant empty space. Below the upper mixing chamber in which only dry substances are mixed, water is added to the lower mixing chamber. The problem which the invention is based on can not be solved by this, and the manner of operation according to the invention can not be achieved. The finished mixture, free of air pores, is discharged below through an outlet to the outside. 
     Advantageous particulars of the invention are the subject of the claims below, and in the description of the performance example by means of the drawings, are also explained in detail. 
     The mixing tube can be put into action in a vertical standing, or in a more or less strongly deviating inclined position. Since the rotating shaft rotates at about 350 to 400 rpm, such a high speed of rotation of the paddles make the effectiveness of the mixing effect substantially independent of the maintenance of a vertical placement of its rotational axis line. With a very severely inclined position according to an example explained in detail in the drawings, there results only the necessity to make certain changes in the feeding of the dry material and of the water, and at the discharge place. 
     The core of the invention, however, remains preserved. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
     Two performance examples of the invention are schematically presented in the drawings. They show: 
     FIG. 1 A rotationally symmetrical section lengthwise of a vertical standing mixing tube in front elevation. 
     FIG. 2 Only the rotor belonging to it. 
     FIG. 3 A top view of FIG. 2 in the plane AA. 
     FIG. 4 An inclined mixing tube in the lengthwise section. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     According to FIG. 1, the mixing tube (1) has a cover (2) which supports the electric motor (3) for the rotary drive of the shaft (4) or the thereon fastened casing (5), as well as a horizontal bottom (6) with a central opening (7) for connection to the suction side of an eccentric screw conveyor pump (8). The mixing tube (1) has a connection (10), closable by a slide valve (9), to a hand-, sack-, storage bin- or premixer-feed (11), as well as a water supply (13) to the spray nozzels (14), at least two of which are provided, mounted in a stationary cylindrical part (12). Stationary in the mixing tube (1), and firmly fastened to its inner wall, are a feeding hopper (15) and two mixing chamber bottoms (16), which as discs, are inclined downward toward the inside, conically. 
     The rotating shaft (4), or the casing (5) rotating with it, supports (3) plates or discs (17), (18), and (19) which are tightly connected all around, and are conically inclined from above inside downward to the outside (see FIG. 2). These support on their upper and lower sides--with (19) only on the upper side--paddles (20). These can have different shapes. As an example, two different shapes are specified at any given time, for the right and left. They are expediently bent from an absolutely radial plane, and transposed with respect to the rotational axis line in order to obtain a conveying effect, namely in the outward direction on the upper side and in the inward direction of the lower side. The plates (17), (18), and (19) maintain a distance to the inner wall of the mixing tube 1, so that a narrow annular gap (21) exists. The mixing chamber bottoms (16) maintain a distance to the casing (5), so that an annular gap (22) exists there. The mixing material thus passes through the length of the mixing tube (1) on a zig-zag course, from upper inside to outside below, and again to inside below and again to outside below, etc. according to the number of mixing chambers which are between the bottoms (16). 
     As a continuation of the already mentioned stationary cylindrical part (12), lies a cylinder (23) which rotates with the rotating shaft (4) by means of some rib bars (24). It ends below the upper part of the uppermost plate (17) in the plane of the orifice openings of a feeding hopper (15), as shown in FIG. 1. 
     The water sprayed out by the spray nozzles (14) strikes on the upper side of plate (17) resulting, from its conical inclination and rotation, in a very uniform distribution of the dry material that arrived at the orifices of the hopper (15), that was picked up at the connection (10) by the scrapers (25) of a cylinder (26) rotating with the rotating shaft (4) and has been distributed above the annular gap (29). In the annular space between the cylinder (26) and the cylinder parts (12) and (23), through holes (27) and (28), air from outside can enter from above. Thus with the entrance into the cascade mechanism of the mixing tube, the dry material, water and air are already mixed with each other. This mixing effect is repeated within each mixing chamber and is reinforced by the paddles (20) and the rerouting at the annular gaps (21) and (22). With this, an expansion of the space follows each construction in the transport path. Already in the first chamber, air can collect below the hopper wall (15) as a cushion with pressure reservoir action, which helps with the further transport. On the other hand, at the connection (7) to the suction side of the pump (8), there is a relatively longer path from the annular gap (21) below the plate (19), so that no harmful effect is to be feared from the suction action of pump (8). 
     FIG. 4 shows a mixing tube in a severely inclined position of its rotational axis line. With respect to this rotational axis line, the construction of the mixing chambers with their chamber bottoms and with the paddle supports projected into them, is the same as described by means of FIGS. 1-3. Therefore, in FIG. 4, the same reference numerals are also used for the same or equivalent parts. 
     The inclined position requires only a change of the feed for the dry material, in that it--with respect to the rotational axis line--takes place on top at (10), above an uppermost, rotating together with the rotating shaft (4), downward inclined conical plate (30), on whose upper side a paddle (20) is situated, and sinks into a trough (32), separated by a half bottom plate shield (31), water spray nozzles are distributed on the opposite annular passages of the mixing tube (1), which are fed with water by a semicircular duct (13). The central opening (7) for connection of the conveying pump (8) is in the upper half--with respect to the water level--surrounded by an annular collar (33). 
     In the cool time of the year it can be advantageous if warmed air can be fed to the air entrance (27) in FIG. 1 from the electric motor arranged above it.