Abstract:
The Hydrodynamic closed loop turboset-selfbooster comprises one or more axial bispindle multistage hydrolic turbines ( 20 A,  20 B) placed into a common closed-loop tubular tunnel ( 26 B) with an axial-flow propeller pump ( 27 ) which works in self-series, as a self-booster impelling high potential operating liquid, filled inside the tunnel. The natural accumulative turbotechnology provides high energy ratio and thus profound general efficiency. The proposal leads to: (a) wide range of universal power units including perfect hydraulic turbines and effective motors for vehicles and other means instead of ineffective heat engines, (b) prospective gradual elimination of fuels for many kinds of power units, (c) ecological purity without any harm emissions and pollutions, (d) multiple high efficient design versions of different power levels, various performances and diverse purposes.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
       [0001]     This application claims the benefit of Provisional Patent Application No. 60/709,444 filed Aug. 19, 2005 by present inventor. 
     
    
     FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH  
       [0002]     Not applicable.  
       SEQUENCE LISTING OR PROGRAM  
       [0003]     Not applicable.  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
     Technical Field; Prior Art  
       [0004]     This proposal relates to hydrodynamic and electro-mechanical structures which provide effective accumulating energy transfer especially to universal motors and turbines. Conventionally there are known heat engines and turbines widely used in motor vehicles and other moving and static power sets. A common principal defect of most of them is their low about 40% total efficiency. Their imperfect general technology leads to power wasting, large and costly fuel consumption, and non-prospective burning out their combustibles.  
         [0005]     These conventional heat engines and some turbines are ineffective because of high energy dissipating. They pollute the nature and carry huge costs to end users. The most of them literally squander and through out more than a half of energy they have produced.  
         [0006]     This proposal provides effective energy transfer with cyclical energy accumulation and high power ratio based on clean natural technology. The subject matter of this turbotechnology are axial bispindle multistage hydrodynamic turbines with primary and guiding wing-blade stages connected to their contrary rotating spindles—all installed inside closed liquid tunnels with an axial-flow propeller pump working as self-booster for itself and for turbines, accumulating energy cyclically by and in the potential operative liquid flow in the said tunnel.  
         [0007]     These developed solutions turn the turbosets into effective motors and/or turbines and/or independent power units for diverse purposes.  
         [0008]     Any direct prior arts connected with my proposal or some analogies were not found. The initial prior art ideas of this cyclical technology were gifted by our Mother Nature. My general circuit—self-boosting method is similar to human and mammal cordial systems philosophically.  
         [0009]     Some fragmentary elements of testing closed fluid dynamic tunnels could be regarded like a far prior art details but these tunnels had never even been considered as a possible base for redeveloping into power units despite their formal high energy ratio.  
         [0010]     This proposal unites, combines and develops further some of technological particularities of:  
         [0011]     closed testing wind and water tunnels,  
         [0012]     fluid dynamic axial multistage turbines  
         [0013]     Hydrodynamic transmissions general flexibility.  
       BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0014]     It is an object of this proposal to provide a real effective universal power set based on accumulative low-power-dissipating technology.  
         [0015]     It is another object of this proposal to provide clean natural technology without any pollutions and other harm emissions.  
         [0016]     It is another object of this proposal to provide multiple power and design versions of effective clean motor sets to meet any of application requirements.  
         [0017]     The nature and substance of hydrodynamic closed loop turboset-selfbooster and turbotechnology are axial multistage bispindle concentric turbines installed inside closed loop tubular tunnel with an axial-flow propeller pump which, impelling the operative amount of liquid filled into tunnel,—works as a self-booster for itself and for all the turbines.  
         [0018]     The said axial-flow propeller pump working actually in self-series accumulates the energy of the operative liquid, rising the pressure cyclically up to definite level—by design. The turbines, working in high potential liquid flow, develop needed level of energy and can drive various receivers of their power like electric generators, shown in present embodiment or others—alternators and/or mechanical transmissions.  
         [0019]     This accumulative and low-dissipating turbotechnology provides high energy ratio by self-boosting axial-flow propeller pump working in self-series; bispindle axial multistage wing-blade turbines; a closed-loop common tunnel having inside the high-potential operative liquid flow with its cyclical energy replenishing and smooth hydrodynamic interactions. The turbotechnology is natural, clean, has no pollutions, harm emissions and substantial energy dissipating losses.  
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0020]     In the drawings closely related units and/or subunits have the same numbers but different alphabetic suffixes. The wire connections are not shown as obvious and well known.  
         [0021]      FIG. 1  shows a side view of Hydrodynamic closed-loop turboset with a singular axial concentric-bispindle turbine.  
         [0022]      FIG. 2  shows a side view of similar but cascade-type Hydrodynamic closed-loop turboset with two axial concentric-bispindle turbines installed in series.  
         [0023]      FIG. 3  shows a cross section taken on  3 - 3  of  FIG. 1 .  
         [0024]      FIG. 4  is a plan view  4  of Hydrodynamic closed-loop turboset of  FIG. 1 .  
         [0025]      FIG. 5  is a schematic cross section taken on  5 - 5  of  FIG. 3 .  
         [0026]      FIG. 6  is a fragment  6  of  FIG. 3 ; shows a partial side section of both turbine spindles and their primary and guiding blade stages. 
     
    
     REFERENCE NUMERALS AND SYMBOLS IN DRAWINGS  
       [0000]    
       
           20 A—Axial bispindle hydroturbine  
           20 B—Head axial bispindal hydroturbine  
           21 —Inner turbospindle  
           21 A Primary wing-blade  
           22 —outer turbospindle  
           22 A—Guiding wing-blade  
           22 B combined drive-brake  
           22 G—guard  
           23 —Head double bearing  
           24 —Aft double bearing  
           25 —Wing blade control  
           26 A—Closed loop tunnel  
           26 B—Closed loop cascade tunnel  
           26 C—cavitation control valve device  
           26 D—bypass  
           26 E—Tunnel air-cooler  
           26 S—flow straightener  
           26 V—visor  
           27 —axial-flow propeller pump  
           27 A—pump&#39;s electric motor  
           27 B—pump transmission  
           28 A,  28 B,  28 C—electric generators  
           28 D—electric battery and charger set  
           29 F,            
 High potential operative liquid flow 
 
           29 G—meters, control  
          “S” adjacent wing-blade stages step-spacing  
                     
 bypass valve 
 
          operative liquid            
          spindle&#39;s rotation            
          subunits axises -•-•-  
          rotating or static outer turbine&#39;s spindle  22             
       
     
         [0058]     Reference numerals  22 G,  25 ,  26 D,  26 E,  26 V,  27 A,  27 B,  28 A,  28 B,  28 C,  28 D,  29 G are conventional elements units and structures in present new turbotechnolgy.  
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0059]     The  FIGS. 1, 2 ,  3 ,  4 ,  5 ,  6  show the preferred embodiments and arrangements of the present proposal its units, subunits, and their interactions.  
         [0060]     A hydrodynamic closed loop turobset-selfbooster, its turbotechnology as illustrated in  FIG. 1  includes at least an axial bispindle hydroturbine  20 A installed into closed loop tubular liquid tunnel  26 A with an axial-flow propeller pump  27 . The definite amount of operative liquid which is completely filled into said tunnel is preferably a high density operative liquid under definite controlled static pressure. The hydroturbine  20 A being bispindle drive two electric generators  28 A and  28 B by each spindle and could drive any other receivers of turbine&#39;s power in other designs. The turboset has a tunnel air-cooler  26 E placed near cooling fins of the tunnel  26 A, a kit of needed hydraulic and electric meters and general control panel  29 G.  
         [0061]     Another, a cascade embodiment of this proposal is hown in  FIG. 2  where two axial bispindle hydroturbines  20 A and  20 B installed into their common closed loop cascade tunnel  26 B. Also the electric generators  28 A,  28 B,  28 C, pump  27  and pump&#39;s electric motor  27 A, air cooler  26 E, cavitation control valve device  26 C are shown in  FIG. 2 .  
         [0062]     The  FIG. 3  illustrates the general design and technological structure of the said axial bispindle hydroturbine  20 A, which includes:  
         [0063]     (a) an inner turbospindle  21  rotating with its primary wing blade stages  21  when operating,  
         [0064]     (b) outer turbospindle  22  generally rotating with its guiding wing-blade stages  22 A when operating; both said spindles  21  and  22  are coaxial each to other,  
         [0065]     (c) head double bearing  23 ,  
         [0066]     (d) aft double bearing  24 ,  
         [0067]     (e) wing blade adjusting control  25 .  
         [0068]     Any of guiding wing blade stages  22 A has two adjacent primary wing blade stages  21 A along their spindles respectfully.  
         [0069]     The numbers of any blades in any stage  21 A and  22 A, the number of stages on both spindles  21  and  22  accord to specific designs.  
         [0070]     The said wing blades  21 A and  22 A may be mono- and/or multi-element, and/or have slotted flaps, slats, flexible trailing edges.  
         [0071]     The wing-blade-stage-spindle-turbine design includes and provides:  
         [0072]     (f) correct guiding when operative liquid flow is waving between adjucent of both spindles blade stages  21 A and  22 A.  
         [0073]     (g) needed hydrodynamic conditions for both said turbospindles  21  and  22  to rotate in opposite directions.  
         [0074]     (h) obtaining maximum torque on both turbospindles  21  and  22  in their optimal revolutions,  
         [0075]     (i) preventing extra-turbulence of liquid flow of  29 F in order to protect the cyclical accumulation of pressure in high potential flow  29 F.  
         [0076]     The  FIG. 4  shows the plan view of turboset; directions of rotations of primary wing blades  21 A and guiding wing-blades  22 A according to the liquid flow  29 F in the tunnel  26 A; turbine  20 A electric generator  28 A; tunnel  26 A; cavitation control valve device  26 C.  
         [0077]     The combined drive brake of the outer turbo spindle  22  can be used to make the outer spindle  22  with its guiding wing blades  22 A static in some cases if needed.  
         [0078]     The  FIG. 5  is a schematic cross section of hydroturbine  20 A with both concentric spindles  21  and  22 , primary and guiding blade stages  21 A and  22 A, blade controls  25 .  
         [0079]     The symmetrical and concentric placement of wing-blades  21 A and  22 A, exemplary number of blades in their stages, opposite spindles&#39; rotations in moving high potential liquid flow  29 F in regular order of work are shown.  
         [0080]     The fragmentary cross sectional view of  FIG. 6  shows how the primary wing-blade  21 A, guiding wing-blade  22 A, adjusting wing-blade control  25  are placed on their inner  21  and outer  22  turbospinldes respectfully each other and fluid flow  29 F. The average adjacent wing-blade stages spacing “S” is shown.  
         [0081]      FIGS. 1, 2 ,  3  illustrate also where are flow straighteners  26 S which provide needed turbulence limitation and volume equalization of the high potential flow  29 F caused by dynamic state of operating liquid inside the tunnels  26 A and  26 B double bearing  23 ,  24 . The visor  26 V is used for visual observation of high potential liquid flow  29 F when the cavitation control valve device  26 C is tuning.  
       Combined Operation and General Interactions  
       [0082]     The axial-flow propeller pump  27  driven by its electric motor  27 A, working in series with itself and for itself as selfbooster inside hydraulically closed loop tunnels  26 A or  26 B impels the operative liquid. The pressure of said liquid rises from cycle to cycle up to a definite level forming inside said tunnels a stable high potential flow  29 F which drives the axial concentric bispindle multistage hydrodynamic turbines  26 A,  26 B.  
         [0083]     The adjusted by controls  25  wing blades  21 A,  22 A provide needed hydrodynamic lift forces in their stages for turbines spindles  22  and  22  forming their torques to drive electric generators  28 A,  28 B,  28 C and obtain their power—all together and/or separately.  
         [0084]     The orientation of wing blades in their adjacent primary  21 A and guiding  22 A stages forces the said flow  29 F to wave between adjacent stages of wing blades and rotate the spindles  21  and  22  in opposite directions in regular working regime, in most cases.  
         [0085]     The hydrodynamic design of all wing blades in all stages  21 A and  22 A, regular contrary rotation of both spindles  21  and  22 , correct numbers of wing blades in any stage, spacing “S” between adjacent stages, appropriate velocities of the liquid and spindels&#39; revolutions make the potential flow  29 F smooth, correctly directed between any adjacent blade stages  21 A and  22 A without extra rumpling and messing of the flow  29 F. This leads to the designed level of energy conservation of the high potential flow  29 F after each wing-blade stage  21 A and  22 A. That is why the turbotechnology of this proposal is accumulative without big dissipations of energy.  
         [0086]     In some cases often connected with starts and stops of turbosets&#39; work, the guiding blades  22 A and their spindles  22  can be static by control of the brake-part  22 B if needed.  
         [0087]     The adjusting wing blade controls  25  provide 
        regulation of general orientations to any of primary and/or guiding wing blade  21 A,  22 A in order to have appropriate hydrodynamic angles of attack and downwash between any adjacent wing blades, respectively to liquid flow  29 F direction and spindles rotations        
 
         [0089]     limitations of possible extra vortices in multiple wing-blade rotative interactions  
         [0090]     needed regulation of any local wavings of fluid flow  29 F between adjacent wing blades in order to make the flow  29 F transfer from any blade stage to adjacent stage as smooth as possible thus supporting the general accumulating technology inside the tunnels  26 A,  26 B.  
         [0091]     The tunnels  26 A,  26 B can be filled by various liquids with relatively high density such as various kinds of salt water, organic solutions, bromides, heavy antifreezes—if needed and designed for specific conditions. The sum volume and initial increased static pressure of the operative liquid inside the tunnels  26 A,  26 B correspond and depend on type and particularities of liquid and pump  27   
         [0092]     The possible local cavitation of liquid flow  29 F is limited suppressed and/or depressed in regulation by pressure control valve-device  26 C with springed piston which can provide the initial calculated static pressure of operative liquid in the tunnels  26 A,  26 B for specific design versions  
         [0093]     The total power of all driven electric generators  28 A, B, C (or other energy receivers) is the common power of the hydrodynamic closed loop turboset, as a motor unit. The initial and operational power for pumps  27  electric motor  27 A and air cooler  26 E can be provided by any of electric generators  28  with usage of matching electric battery and charger set  28  control  29 G.  
         [0094]     The hydrodynamic closed loop turboset-selfbooster operates as ecologically clean motor unit based on natural turbotechnology which has no harm emissions and/or pollutions. The power ratio and common effectiveness are high in multiple design versions including various series and parallel schemes of turbosets with equal or different power levels.  
       Calculated Approaches, Basic Formulae  
       [0095]     (1) Hydrodynamic lift force L w  of any singular wing-blade  
           L   ω     =       C   L     ·     P   2     ·     u   +   2     ·       S   ω     ⁡     [   kg   ]           ,       
 
 where C L —Lift coefficient p—high potential liquid density u + —velocity of liquid flow in the turbine S w —working surface of the wing-blade. 
 
         [0096]     (2) Total turbines&#39; rotating spindles torque: 
 
Σ T   t =Σ( L   w   ×Z   w ×η s   ×R   av ) [kgm], 
 
 where 
        Z w —numbers of wing blades in stages of turbines, η s —spindels&#39; efficiency, Rav—average radii.        
 
         [0098]     (3) Total turbines&#39; power  
           ∑     P   t       =         ∑     (       T   +     ×     ω   sp     ×     η   t       )       102     ⁡     [   kw   ]         ,       
 
 where 
        ω sp —rotation speeds of spindles η t —turbines efficiencies.        
 
         [0100]     (4) Power of axial-flow propeller pump  
           P   p     =             Q   ·   Σ     ⁢           ⁢   H     +     Σ   ⁢           ⁢       D   t     ·     u   +             102   ·   ER   ·   ηp       ⁡     [   kw   ]         ,       
 
 where Q—pump capacity [m 3 /sec], ΣH—the sum of the pressure losses: frictional along the tunnl, local, additional dynamic and static loses [Kg/m 2 ], ΣD t —Hydrodynamic wing-blade stages drag  
           Σ   ⁢           ⁢     D   +       =       Σ   ⁡     (       L   ω     ×     Z   ω     ×       C   d       C   L         )       ⁡     [   kg   ]         ,       
 
 where 
        C d —drag coefficient; ER—closed loop tunnel-pump-system energy ratio; pump efficiency—η p         
 
         [0102]     (5) turboset power ratio or coefficient of performance:  
       TPR   =         Σ   ⁢           ⁢       P   +     ⁢           [   kw   ]           P   pump     +       P     air   ⁢           ⁢   cooler       ⁢           [   kw   ]         .