Abstract:
An extender module ( 300 ) capable of being firmly mounted to a mobile station via mounting points ( 331, 332, 333, 334 ) is provided. Extender module has a base portion ( 305 ) which may support a conduit ( 320 ) which extends from a upward facing connector ( 323 ) to a downward facing connector ( 321 ). Shell bottom may have a connector that duplicates one or more contact pads ( 380 ) of a mobile station ( 390 ). A duplicated contact pad ( 321 ) may appear on the extender module shell bottom.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention relates to providing extension modules for portable devices in order to accommodate additional functionality, and more particularly to extending an electrical interface on a mobile station while providing shelter to electronics inside the shell of an extender module. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Many communication stations such as a mobile phone today now have a low-power microprocessor within it. The versatility of the keypad user-interface and display gives some mobile phones the rudimentary capabilities of larger desktop computers. Because of the processing capabilities, combined with the communications capabilities of the modern mobile phone, there is an interest in adding on functionality, much the same way functionality is added to computers. 
     The acceptable form factor, i.e. the physical feel and size, for a mobile phone, is usually quite small, however. Frequently, the mobile phone or other mobile station is stored in a pocket or handbag. Some people treat such devices as a fashion accessory, preferring to display a phone while clipped onto, e.g. a belt. Because the market forces have driven such devices to small form factors, it is difficult to justify the provision of card slots, or motherboards to such a device. 
     Because of the particular use the mobile station is employed in, only minimum space and weight is allocated to docking the device to other devices. For example, two common accessories to dock to a mobile station&#39;s docking connector are a) a power receptacle for bypassing internal batteries and/or charging of batteries; and b) a headset arrangement for providing two-way audio signals. The number of lead outputs necessary for such accessories is only a few. Thus, very little has been done to provide either strong mechanical connections durable for larger accessories; or high-bandwidth parallel signal interconnects, as are used, e.g. in the DB-25 computer standard. 
     Since interconnect to accessories or other modules is a secondary function to particularly mobile phones, such connections have evolved much later in the development of such devices. 
     Mobile stations frequently come in a form factor having three dimensions: height, width and thickness. A linear antenna, if a part of the mobile station, is typically oriented along the height dimension. A contoured front or cover to the mobile station is typically oriented along the dimensions of height and width. The height and width, are often the largest dimensions on the device, and a dimension of thickness extends between the front and the back of the mobile station. 
     Earlier attempts to build on optional functionality to a mobile station include providing one or more slide-on modules that affix to the back of the mobile station, thereby increasing the thickness of the device. Some such modules, increase the thickness so that the device is nearly as thick as the device is wide. While thickness is highly desirable in a wallet, it is seldom appreciated in a mobile phone, particularly when a thick phone is placed in a pants pocket. Such a design does have a redeeming virtue though. The slide-in module shares a broad common wall and rigidly connects along the outer perimeter of the mobile station&#39;s silhouette. The profile or thickness of the slide-in module is also lower than the width of the slide-in module—so there is little opportunity for a multiplication of force as might be caused by a high-profile, low-width module. In short, the slide-in module that attaches to the back of the mobile phone has a solid fit, and is not prone to dislodgment or failure when a lateral force is applied. 
     Nevertheless, any device that adds substantially to the thickness of the device may cause other problems. Some accessories accommodate only limited expansions in thickness. For example, a mobile phone charger stand typically props a mobile phone upright in a shallow pocket. The thickness of the opening of the pocket is the limiting factor for expansions in mobile phone thickness. So additional backside modules for a mobile phone may reduce the flexibility of support and charging available for users of the mobile phone. 
     Some after-market suppliers of accessories to phones provide new features and accessories by adding connector converters to the base of a mobile phone. As an example, Plantronics provides an adapter that converts a flat or planar connector at the base of a mobile phone to a jack receptacle. Such a connector extends in a length dimension from the mobile phone. If one considers the base of the adapter to be the junction where the adapter fastens to the mobile phone, the length of the adapter is much greater than any dimension of the base of the adapter. Any force appearing at orthogonal to the length at the outer extremity of the adapter (or lateral force), will cause the adapter to operate like a lever, and produce high levels of strain at the base, where the adapter latches in place. This leads to adapters shearing off at the mounting point where the adapter latches to the mobile phone. 
     The lever effect causes greater problems when a long adapter is attached to the base of a phone. Additional support, or protection, is needed against the occasional lateral force. 
     Some mobile phones have interchangeable covers. The cover often has holes for ingress and escape of sound or for buttons and other user interfaces. Generally, the cover extends to the edges of the front view of the mobile phone, i.e. covering the silhouette of the mobile phone. Though the cover may not cover the antenna, at least the base silhouette of most mobile phones is covered. The attachment of an adapter, or module, then, extends beyond the cover. 
     As mentioned, most manufacturers have made mobile phones to an acceptably small form factor for most consumers. Now it appears that a modest increase in length is acceptable, providing a significant new functionality is available. Because the typical mobile station offers enormous convenience in terms of battery charging, user interface, and portability, many electronics manufacturers want to make devices that share the battery, user interface and other hardware of the mobile station to provide increased usability by consumers. An MP 3  player may be trimmed down in size substantially if a) the power source is external, b) the display and buttons are not required c) some ability to absorb shock is built into a host device. Much the same can be said for short-range radio frequency data transceivers, global positioning satellite receivers and many more hand-held devices. 
     To provide a means of interconnecting new modules in a manner acceptable to consumers, a maximum form factor must be observed, vibration and shock must be minimized to a module, and uniform profiles and contours should be maintained for module-augmented devices for continuing interoperability with accessories to a mobile station. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     According to one or more embodiments, a mobile station with a docking connector is provided with an extender module. The embodiment may have a mobile station cover having a base portion and an upper portion. The upper portion mounts to the mobile station by at least one mounting point. The base portion of the embodiment has an upward facing connector that connects to the base of the mobile station. The base portion of the embodiment has a downward facing connector that has a shape the same as mobile station docking connector. 
     Another embodiment includes a shell that supports a first connector that is shaped to mateably engage a docking connector at the base of a mobile station. The first connector provides several conductors to a second connector at a distant end of the shell. The second connector has the same shape as the docking connector of the mobile station. The shell may be the same thickness as the mobile station. The shell may provide mounting points to be attached to an extended mobile station cover. 
     Embodiments of the invention could be used to provide a volume of space for electronics ancillary to the mobile station. An embodiment that has a mobile station cover embedded in it may provide a rigid and firm connection between the embodiment and the mobile station. In addition, more customized operation of a mobile station may be obtained when a user selects functionality provided as an after-market addition to the mobile station, wherein the functionality is electronics sheltered in an embodiment. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The disclosed inventions will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show important sample embodiments of the invention, wherein: 
     FIG. 1A shows an exploded diagram of a prior art mobile station; 
     FIG. 1B shows a side view of a prior art mobile station; 
     FIGS. 2A shows an exploded diagram of a prior art planar connector and a prior art mating spring-loaded connector; 
     FIG. 2B shows a exploded diagram of a prior art coaxial male connector and prior art coaxial female connector; 
     FIG. 3 shows a exploded diagram of an extender module embodiment of the invention and a mobile station; and 
     FIG. 4 shows a side view of a second embodiment of the invention with a mobile station. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     FIG. 1A shows an exploded view of a prior art mobile station  100 . The parts of the mobile station may include a cover  101 , the chassis with operational electronics of the mobile station  103  and a battery  105 . A mobile station may come with a cover  103  or a battery  105  or both. 
     FIG. 1B shows a side view of the base portion of a mobile station having a battery  105  and a front cover  101 . The mobile station, in its various forms, has three dimensions, which include length  111 , and at least one thickness  120 . The dimension of thickness has several possible meanings. In all cases, thickness does not include any contribution of deformable keypad parts  130 , nor roller wheels, nor any other mechanical user input that protrudes from the mobile station case. Thickness of a mobile station configuration includes the chassis with operational electronics of the mobile station  103 , and may include the cover  101  and the battery  105 . The base thickness is a measurement of the mobile station from front to back at the mobile station base  160 . The base thickness is the chassis with operational electronics and may include the thickness of the cover  101  and the battery  105 . 
     FIG. 2A shows a prior art planar connector  201 , and a mating spring-loaded connector  211 . Planar connector  201  has a several conductive contact pads  205  shaped to be flat. Spring-loaded connector  211  has several conductors  215  that have an outward bias and may have a convex shape. Planar connector  201  faces a direction  202 . Spring-loaded connector  211  faces a direction  212 . The direction a connector faces  202  is outward in the sense that a connector has internal permanent connections to printed circuit boards, cable assemblies, among others, and the connector extends away from those printed circuit boards in the outward direction. Such a direction may be orthogonal to a plane of conductors that make up various contact pads  205  for a connector. Parts of the conductive contact pads  205  or conductors  215  may be recessed within a non-conducting frame  208  and  218 . 
     FIG. 2B shows a prior art coaxial male connector  251 , and a coaxial female connector  261 . The coaxial male connector  251  may have at least one cylindrical conductor  255 . The coaxial female connector may have at least one biased conductor  265  that engages the cylindrical conductor  265 . The coaxial male connector  251  faces a direction  252 , which points outward. Similarly, the coaxial female connector  261  faces a direction  262 , which is outward from any casing  266  that provides an opening  269  that permits the coaxial male connector  251  to be inserted. 
     In each case where there are two connectors that are mateable with each other, a first connector faces in one direction, and the second connector faces in virtually the opposite direction, when the connectors are engaged together to form a linked conductor suitable for carrying electricity. By mateable, it is meant that the connectors may interconnect together, i.e. that the connectors are interconnectable such that signals may pass from one connector to a second connector. An interconnection of two connectors may resist disconnection because of friction, spring biasing, latches, screws or other interconnection means at or near the connectors. 
     FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of an enhancement enclosure  300  or extender with a prior art mobile station  390 , which may be a mobile phone. The enhancement enclosure may be attached to the mobile station at four mounting points  391 ,  392 ,  393 ,  394 , which may be holes in the back of the mobile station. Each mounting point may have a corresponding screw  395 ,  396 ,  397 , and  398 . Other means for mounting are known as the art, such as biased latches. 
     The enhancement enclosure  300  has a front panel  301 , which has two broad regions: a lower cover or base portion  305  and a upper cover or upper portion  307 . The upper cover  307  may be sized to roughly match the silhouette of the mobile station  390  except for necessary user interface openings for sound, buttons and other parts, but not any protruding portions, such as, e.g. the antenna  399 . In other words, the upper cover  307  may cover the front view of the mobile station. The upper cover  307  if sized to match the silhouette of the mobile station  390  except user interfaces and antennas, is called a longitudinal mobile station cover. The upper cover provides better stability for the combined enhancement enclosure  300  and mobile station  390  when the upper cover  307  is at least as long as the lower cover  305 . The lower cover, together with the first side panel  351 , the second side panel  352 , and the back panel  353  form at least one cross section. The upper cover may have recesses or holes to operate as mounting points  331 ,  332 ,  333 ,  334  for a mobile station to be installed, e.g. by use of at least one screw. 
     The mobile station may have electrical connectors at the base  380 . Such connectors or collectively, docking connector  381 , may provide an interface to power systems internal to the mobile station, as well as computer, user interface and any other on board systems. The docking connector  381  generally faces downward and has a shape to the one or more electrical connectors that presents such electrical connectors for attachment by friction or other means to conductors of a counterpart electrical connector, which may be a connector in an accessory such as a desk charger. 
     Enhancement enclosure  300  may provide a conduit  320  that carries signals presented at a mobile connector  323  to an accessory connector  321  at a remote part of the enhancement enclosure. Such signals may be from a mobile station that is attached to the enhancement enclosure at the mounting points, wherein the docking connector mateably engages the mobile connector  323 . The docking connector  381  may face downward. Such a conduit may include at least one extender conductor, or other signal carrying apparatus. The conduit may include several conductors arranged in parallel. The conduit may have semiconductors interposed in series with a extender conductor. Semiconductors may provide impedance matching so that remote speakers and microphones of a headset assembly may be connected through the conduit. The semiconductors may provide other functions. 
     The mobile connector  323  may be mateable to a mobile station docking connector  381 . Such a mobile connector  323  may be opposite in orientation and polarity to the docking  381  connector, i.e. the mobile connector  323  may be a upward facing connector. The conduit  320 , for protection against shock, bending, torque and the elements, may be located within several panels of the enhancement enclosure  300 . The mobile station  390 , once mounted to the enhancement enclosure  300 , has a docking connector which faces a direction and has a contact with a shape, and an accessory connector  321  of the enhancement enclosure, which also has at least one contact having the same shape and direction. 
     One or more of the panels may form a shell. A shell provides shelter against shock or foreign objects that may be introduced from at least one direction. A panel may be flat or rounded. The panels include a first side panel  351 , a second side panel  352 , a back panel  353  and a front base portion of the front panel  335 . It is appreciated that the panels may have sharp junctions between them that look like corners. Alternatively, the panels may blend in a rounded curve with each other. The terms side panel, back panel and front panel are understood to mean any molded part or parts that generally face in directions orthogonal to each other, but with wide tolerances to allow curving. The combined panels need not be square, and can even take shapes that are spherical or ellipsoidal. The shell may substantially enclose at least one extender conductor of a conduit  320 . Regardless of the final shape, at least base of the extender module should conform in shape to the base of the mobile station, in order to allow a proper fit with a desk charger or other accessory. 
     The shell has a shell top near the mobile connector  323 , which may support the mobile connector  323 . The shell has a shell bottom near the accessory connector  321 , which may support the accessory connector  321 . Conduit  320  may pass from a shell top  341  to the shell bottom  343 . Shell top  341  is generally an edge to the shell that is near the upper cover  307 . Shell bottom  343  is generally an edge of the shell that is near the lower cover  305  of the enhancement enclosure. 
     Parallel circuits, taps and other junctions that interoperate with active circuits elements housed within the enhancement enclosure  300  may modify the conduit signals so that signals appearing at the mobile connector  323  may be attenuated at the accessory connector  321 . A principal purpose of the enhancement enclosure is to provide supporting structure and shelter for such parallel circuits, and other active circuit elements. 
     Enhancement enclosure  300  may provide additional conduits for proper operation of mobile station or mobile phone. Most mobile phones have a hole or other gap in the housing to permit sound ingress to a microphone that is largely sheltered within. Since the microphone is typically positioned in the base of the mobile station, a microphone port  360  is located near the junction  306  between the lower cover  305  and the upper cover  307 . Such a hole is provided so that sound waves appearing in the hole travel quickly to the microphone, and any existing holes in the mobile station base are not blocked. 
     FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the invention connected to the prior art mobile station  480 . An extension module  400  has a shell  401  that is comprised of one or more panels that may be connected together. One or more of the panels supports an upward facing electrical connector  411 , which may be comprised of one or more contact pads. One or more of the panels supports a downward facing electrical connector  413 . Upward facing electrical connector may be a coaxial connector or a planar connector, but the upward facing electrical connector  413  must be in the same configuration to mateably engage at least one mobile station connector  450 . Similarly, the downward facing electrical connector must be in the same configuration to mateably engage at least one connector counterpart to at least one mobile station connector. 
     The extender module  400  has at least one thickness  431 , a width and a length. A shell  401  may extend most of the length, wherein part of the length is made up of any protruding parts of a connector, which may include an upward facing electrical connector or downward facing connector. The shell thickness may swell at some points along the length, but the thickness must be sufficiently thin at a distant part  421  of the shell to permit docking with accessories, which may include a charger. Holes may be located on any part of the shell. Such holes may permit buttons, sound or user interfaces to extend through the shell to an interior part of the extension module  400 . The extender module may have a printed wiring board  415  upon which conductors may extend from the upward facing connector. The shell may support the printed wiring board  415 . 
     The extender is preferably substantially rigid, but parts of it may be elastic where mechanical shock is likely to occur. The upward facing connector  411  and the downward facing connector  413  may have very little flexibility in the orientation of each to the other. This aspect permits a mobile station that is docked to the extender to remain largely upright when the combined mobile station and extender are inserted into a charger, car kit, or other accessory. 
     An extended cover  455  may be added to the extender module, and a mobile station, wherein the mobile station does not already have a cover. The extended cover  455  may offer greater rigidity to the combined mobile station and extender module. The extended cover  455  may be attached by screws or other means known in the art to the extender module  400 . The extended cover may be used on the front of the combined mobile station and extender module. Alternatively, an extended cover may be used on the back of the combined mobile station and extender module. 
     Although the invention has been described in the context of particular embodiments, various alternative embodiments are possible. Thus, while the invention has been particularly shown and described with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that changes in form and configuration may be made therein without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.