Abstract:
In a vehicle seat sliding apparatus wherein rotating an operating lever causes a lock lever to allow a sliding movement of an upper rail along a lower rail, the operating lever is held within a bracket connected to the upper rail via torsion spring. The torsion spring is made from a single piece of wire and formed into a specific shape for easy provision of the operating lever to the bracket during an assembly of the seat sliding apparatus.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is based on and claims priority under 35 U.S.C Section 119 to Japanese Patent Application No. 2008.266640 filed on Oct. 15, 2008, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a vehicle seat sliding apparatus. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     In the related art, various types of vehicle seat sliding apparatuses are proposed (for example, Japanese Patent No. 3646356, Japanese Patent No. 3449227, Japanese Patent No. 3647502, JP-A-59-2938). These apparatuses each include a lower rail and an upper rail connected to the lower rail so as to be movable with respect to the lower rail. Then, a lock lever adapted to engage the lower rail and selectively restrict the movement of the upper rail with respect to the lower rail is rotatably connected to the upper rail. The upper rail is also provided with an operating lever which is capable of transmitting an operating force to release the movement restriction with respect to the lock lever, and a torsion spring adapted to resiliently hold the operating lever. 
     Incidentally, the vehicle seat sliding apparatuses in Japanese Patent No. 3646356, Japanese Patent No. 3449227, and Japanese Patent No. 3647502 are all configured to assemble the torsion spring to a lever (lock lever or the like) movable (rotatable) with respect to the upper rail, and hence the assembly work of the torsion spring becomes complicated. Then, a rod-shaped or a pipe-shaped operating lever has a configuration to be connected to the lever including the torsion spring assembled thereto in a state of being engaged with the torsion spring, and hence the assembly work of the operation lever also becomes complicated. In particular, in Japanese Patent No. 3646356 and Japanese Patent No. 3647502, the operating lever is connected so as to rotate integrally with the lock lever and, when the direction of rotation of the operating lever and the direction of rotation of the lock lever differ from each other, for example, an axis of rotation cannot be used commonly, so that the number of components and the number of steps of assembly are increased. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Thus, a need exists for a seat sliding apparatus which is not susceptible to the drawback mentioned above. 
     In order to solve the drawback mentioned above, a first aspect of the invention provides a vehicle seat sliding apparatus having a lower rail adapted to be fixed to a vehicle-floor, and an upper rail adapted to be fixed to a seat cushion and connected to the lower rail so as to be movable with respect to the lower rail, a lock lever rotatably connected to the upper rail and adapted to engage the lower rail to selectively restrict the movement of the upper rail with respect to the lower rail, including: a supporting bracket adapted to be fixed to the upper rail; an operating lever rotatably being connected to the supporting bracket and linked to the lock lever, and being capable of transmitting an operating force for releasing a restriction of the movement to the lock lever; and a torsion spring formed of a single wire member being connected to the supporting bracket and resiliently holding the operating lever; the supporting bracket including: a supporting wall portion which serves as a fulcrum of the rotation of the operating lever at an abutting portion of the operating lever with respect to an upper portion of the operating lever when the operating lever is inserted along the longitudinal direction of the upper rail; and a first side wall portion and a second side wall portion disposed on both sides of the operating lever in terms of the widthwise direction on the side of the lock lever with respect to the supporting wall portion in terms of the longitudinal direction of the upper rail, the torsion spring including: a first terminal portion adapted to be inserted through the first side wall portion; a first extending portion arranged between the first and second side wall portions and extending from a proximal end of the first terminal portion toward the lock lever side in terms of the longitudinal direction of the upper rail; a locked strip portion extending from a distal end of the first extending portion toward the second side wall portion side in terms of the widthwise direction of the upper rail and being locked on an upper portion of the operating lever; a second extending portion extending from a distal end of the locked strip portion toward the opposite side from the lock lever in terms of the longitudinal direction of the upper rail; a shaft portion bent from a distal end of the second extending portion and inserted through the second side wall portion, and serves as an axis of rotation of the first extending portion, the locked strip portion, and the second extending portion in cooperation with the first terminal portion; a locking portion folded back from a distal end of the shaft portion and inserted through the second side wall portion at a position different from the shaft portion, and adapted to cause the locked strip portion to generate an urging force for urging the upper portion of the operating lever downward; and a second terminal portion extending from a distal end of the locking portion and adapted to urge a lower portion of the operating lever upward on the lock lever side with respect to the supporting wall portion in terms of the longitudinal direction of the upper rail. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  is a side view showing the same embodiment; 
         FIG. 4A  is a plan view showing the same embodiment; 
         FIG. 4B  is a side view showing the same embodiment; 
         FIG. 5  is a side view showing a modification of the invention; 
         FIG. 6  is a plan view showing the modification of the invention; and 
         FIG. 7  is a schematically shown diagrammatic sketch of a first embodiment of the invention. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Referring now to the drawings, an embodiment in which the invention is embodied will be described below. 
       FIG. 1  is a perspective view showing a vehicle seat sliding apparatus  1  according to the embodiment which is mounted on a vehicle such as an automotive vehicle for example, and  FIG. 2  is a lateral cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in  FIG. 1 . As shown in  FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 2 , and  FIG. 7 , a lower rail  3  is fixed to a vehicle-floor  2  in a state of extending in the fore-and-aft direction of the vehicle, and an upper rail  4  is mounted to the lower rail  3  so as to be movable relatively to the lower rail  3 . A seat cushion  80  is fixed to the upper rail  4 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , the lower rail  3  includes a pair of side wall portions  11  extending upright from both sides thereof in terms of the widthwise direction and a bottom wall portion  12  connecting proximal ends (lower ends) of the side wall portions  11 . Then, folded-back wall portions  13  which are formed to protrude inward in terms of the widthwise direction and then folded backward toward the proximal end sides of the side wall portions  11  are formed continuously from distal ends (upper ends) of the respective side wall portions  11 . 
     In contrast, the upper rail  4  includes a pair of side wall portions  14  extending in the vertical direction between the both folded-back wall portions  13  of the lower rail  3  and a lid wall portion  15  connecting proximal ends (upper ends) of the side wall portions  14 . Then, folded-back wall portions  16  which are formed to protrude outward in terms of the widthwise direction and then folded backward so as to be surrounded by the side wall portions  11  and the folded-back wall portions  13  are formed continuously from distal ends (lower ends) of the respective side wall portions  14 . 
     In other words, the lower rail  3  and the upper rail  4  each include a U-shaped rail cross section with opening sides butted against to each other, and are held so as not to come apart from each other in the vertical direction mainly by the engagement of the folded-back wall portions  13 ,  16 . The rail cross section formed by the lower rail  3  and the upper rail  4  assumes so-called a box shape in a rectangular shape. The lower rail  3  defines an internal space S in cooperation with the upper rail  4 . 
     Retainers  18  adapted to hold pairs of rolling elements  17  arranged in the vertical direction are mounted between the respective folded-back wall portions  16  and the side, wall portion  11  opposing thereto, and the upper rail  4  is supported so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction (the fore-and-aft direction of the vehicle) with respect to the lower rail  3  in a state of rolling the rolling elements  17  with respect to the lower rail  3 . 
     Here, the folded-back wall portion  13  on one side of the lower rail  3  in terms of the widthwise direction (right side in  FIG. 2 ) is formed with a plurality of lock holes  13   a  arranged crosswise at predetermined intervals over the substantially entire length of the longitudinal direction (the direction orthogonal to the paper plane) thereof. In contrast, a through hole  4   a  formed by removing a corner formed by the lid wall portion  15  and the side wall portion  14  on one side in terms of the widthwise direction (right side in  FIG. 2 ) is formed at a center portion of the upper rail  4  in terms of the longitudinal direction, and the side wall portion  14  concerned is formed with a plurality of insertion holes  14   a  arranged crosswise on a lower portion thereof at the predetermined distances within a range of the through hole  4   a  in terms of the longitudinal direction and, in addition, the folded-back wall portion  16  which continued from the side wall portion  14  concerned is formed with the same number of insertion holes  16   a  as the insertion holes  14   a  arranged crosswise at the predetermined intervals. The plurality of insertion holes  14   a ,  16   a  are arranged so as to oppose to each other in terms of the widthwise direction at positions which can align with the same number of the lock holes  13   a  on the lower rail  3  adjacent to each other in terms of the longitudinal direction. 
     A lock lever  21  formed of a plate member is rotatably connected to the upper rail  4  via a bracket  23  within a range of the through hole  4   a  in the longitudinal direction. The lock lever  21  includes a flat panel-shaped body portion  21   a  and a pair of supporting strips  21   b  bent upward from both ends of a lower portion of the body portion  21   a  in terms of the longitudinal direction (the direction orthogonal to the paper plane) of the upper rail  4 . The lock lever  21  is supported by the both supporting strips  21   b  so as to be rotatable about a revolving shaft O 1  extending in the longitudinal direction of the upper rail  4  outside the internal space S. The lock lever  21  is formed with locking claws  21   c  formed from the body portion  21   a  so as to enter the interior of the internal space S through the through holes  4   a  and bent outward in terms of the widthwise direction by the same number as the insertion holes  14   a  or the like at the predetermined intervals. The respective locking claws  21   c  are arranged so as to be inserted into and pulled out from the insertion holes  14   a ,  16   a  in association with the rotation of the lock lever  21  about the axis of rotation O 1 . 
     When the respective locking claws  21   c  are inserted into the lock holes  13   a  as well as into the insertion holes  14   a ,  16   a , the relative movement between the lower rail  3  and the upper rail  4  is restricted. Alternatively, when the respective locking claws  21   c  are pulled out from the insertion holes  16   a , the lock holes  13   a , and the insertion holes  14   a  in sequence, the relative movement between the lower rail  3  and the upper rail  4  is allowed. 
     A torsion wire  22  (see  FIG. 1 ) formed of a single wire member is installed on an upper portion of the upper rail  4 . The torsion wire  22  is locked at one end and the other end with the lock lever  21  and the bracket  23 , respectively. The lock lever  21  is constantly urged in the direction of rotation on the side where the locking claws  21   c  are inserted into the insertion holes  14   a  and the like (the counterclockwise direction in  FIG. 2 ) by the torsion wire  22 . 
     In addition, the lock lever  21  is bent from an upper portion of the body portion  21   a  toward a distal and thereof so as to be inclined obliquely downward, and forms an abutting portion  21   d  on an upper surface of the bent portion concerned. 
     The vehicle seat sliding apparatus  1  includes the lower rails  3 , the upper rails  4 , and the lock levers  21  described above disposed in pair respectively in terms of the rail width direction, and a seat cushion which forms a seating portion of an occupant is fixed to and supported by the both upper rails  4 . Therefore, when the relative movement between the upper rails  4  with respect to the lower rails  3  is restricted by the engagement between the locking claws  21   c  of the lock levers  21  and the lock holes  13   a  of the lower rails  3 , the seat cushion is held at a predetermined position with respect to the vehicle-floor  2 . Also, when the restriction of the relative movement is released by the release of the engagement between the locking claws  21   c  of the lock levers  21  and the lock holes  13   a  of the lower rails  3 , adjustment in position of the seat with respect to the vehicle-floor  2  in the longitudinal direction of the upper rails  4  (the fore-and-aft direction of the vehicle) is allowed. 
     As shown in  FIG. 1 , a supporting bracket  31  formed of a plate member is fixed to the each upper rail  4  on one side (lower left side in  FIG. 1 ) of the lock lever  21  in terms of the longitudinal direction. The supporting bracket  31  includes a mounting wall portion  32  extending in the widthwise direction of the upper rail  4  and being tightened to the lid wall portion  15 , and also includes a first side wall portion  33  extending downward from a distal end of the mounting wall portion  32  outside the lower rail  3  in terms of the widthwise direction. The supporting bracket  31  includes a bottom wall portion  34  extending from a lower end of the first side wall portion  33  outward in terms of the widthwise direction of the lower rail  3 , includes a triangle second side wall portion  35  extending upward from a distal end of the bottom wall portion  34 , and further includes a supporting wall portion  36  extending from the end on one side (lower left side in  FIG. 1 ) of the first side wall portion  33  outward in terms of the widthwise direction of the lower rail  3 . 
     The first and second side wall portions  33 ,  35  are arranged in parallel to each other and apart from each other in the rail width direction (see  FIG. 4A ). Then, the second side wall portion  35  includes a projecting strip  35   a  at a distal end portion thereof on the side of the supporting wall portion  36 , and includes a pair of groove portions  35   b ,  35   c  on the proximal side of the projecting strip  35   a  (see  FIG. 4B ). The directions of depression of the groove portions  35   b ,  35   c  are substantially orthogonal to each other. The bottom wall portion  34  connects lower ends of the first and second side wall portions  33 ,  35  on one side (right side in  FIG. 4A ) in terms of the longitudinal direction of the upper rail  4 , and a range defined by the bottom wall portion  34  and the supporting wall portion  36  in plan view is an opening OP. In addition, the supporting wall portion  36  includes an inclined wall portion  36   a  which is displaced away from the first side wall portion  33  in the longitudinal direction of the upper rail  4  as it goes outward in terms of the widthwise direction of the upper rail  4  from one side end of the first side wall portion  33 , and also includes a linear wall, portion  36   b  extending from a distal end of the inclined wall portion  36   a  in the rail width direction. Then, the supporting wall portion  36  is formed with a square insertion hole  37  opening in the longitudinal direction of the upper rail  4 . The insertion hole  37  is formed so as to extend across the range of the inclined wall portion  36   a  and the linear wall portion  36   b.    
     As shown in  FIGS. 4A and 4B , the supporting bracket  31  is attached with a torsion spring  41  formed of a single wire member. The torsion spring  41  includes a first terminal portion  42  extending in the rail width direction at a position of the opening OP and inserted into and locked by the first side wall portion  33 , and also includes a first extending portion  43   b  being arranged between the first and second side wall portions  33  and  35  above the bottom wall portion  34  and extending from a proximal end of the first terminal portion  42  toward the lock lever  21  in the longitudinal direction of the upper rail  4 , a locked strip portion  43   a  extending linearly toward the second side wall portion  35  in the rail width direction in a state of being bent from a distal end of the first extending portion  43   b , and a second extending portion  43   c  extending toward the opposite side from the lock lever  21  in the longitudinal direction of the upper rail  4  in a state of being bent from a distal end of the locked strip portion  43   a . The first extending portion  43   b , the locked strip portion  43   a , and the second extending portion  43   c  form so-called a hairpin-shaped extending portion  43 . The torsion spring  41  also includes a shaft portion  44  which is bent from a distal end of the second extending portion  43   c  (the extending portion  43 ) at the position of the opening OP outward in the rail width direction and is inserted into and locked by the second side wall portion  35  so as to assume a state of being fitted into one of the groove portions  35   b  of the second side wall portion  35 . The shaft portion  44  extends coaxially with the first terminal portion  42 , and serves as an axis of rotation of the extending portion  43  (the first extending portion  43   b , the locked strip portion  43   a ; and the second extending portion  43   c ) in cooperation with the first terminal portion  42 . In addition, the torsion spring  41  includes a locked portion  45  which is folded backward from a distal end of the shaft portion  44 , and is inserted into and locked by the second side wall portion  35  so as to assume a state of being fitted into the other groove portion  35   c  of the second side wall portion  35 . The locked portion  45  twists the shaft portion  44  to cause the locked strip portion  43   a  to generate a downward urging force. Also, the torsion spring  41  includes a second terminal portion  46  extending from a distal end of the locked portion  45  at the position of the opening OP. 
     In an assembly step of the torsion spring  41 , first of all, the first terminal portion  42  is inserted into the first side wall portion  33  in a state in which the extending portion  43  is arranged on the bottom wall portion  34 , which is positioned between the first and second side wall portions  33  and  35 . Then, when the projecting strip  35   a  is inserted between the shaft portion  44  and the locked portion  45  in this state, the shaft portion  44  and the locked portion  45  are fitted into the pair of groove portions  35   b ,  35   c  respectively while being broadened by the projecting strip  35   a , so that the projecting strip  35   a  is resiliently clamped. Accordingly, the assembly work of the torsion spring  41  to the supporting bracket  31  is completed. 
     As shown in  FIG. 1 , an operating lever  51  formed by bending a tubular member is connected to the supporting bracket  31  on each side in the rail width direction. In other words, the operating lever  51  is formed into a U-shape having an operating portion  51   a  extending in the rail width direction, and a pair of distal end portions  51   b  bent respectively from both ends of the operating portion  51   a  toward the lock lever  21  in the longitudinal direction of the upper rail  4 . Then, the operating lever  51  includes flat-shaped pressing portions  52  formed by collapsing the respective distal end portions  51   b  in the vertical direction and slit-like holding grooves  53  formed on the proximal side of the each flat-shaped pressing portion  52  so as to extend in the rail width direction by removing part of an upper portion thereof. The each holding groove  53  extends in the direction orthogonal to the direction of insertion of the operating lever  51 . 
     The operating lever  51  is supported by the supporting wall portion  36  (the supporting bracket  31 ) by the each distal end portion  51   b  thereof being inserted into the insertion hole  37  of the supporting wall portion  36  along the longitudinal direction of the upper rail and is linked with the lock lever  21  by the each pressing portion  52  being placed on the abutting portion  21   d  of the lock lever  21  (see  FIG. 2 ). At this time, as shown in  FIG. 3 , the extending portion  43  of the each torsion spring  41  is pressed against the distal end portion  51   b  (the pressing portion  52 ) of the operating lever  51  passing under the extending portion  43  along the bottom wall portion  34  between the first and second side wall portions  33  and  35 , and hence is rotated upward (counterclockwise in the drawing) about the first terminal portion  42  and the shaft portion  44  against the urging force. Then, in association with the insertion of the each distal end portion  51   b  of the operating lever  51 , when the holding groove  53  reaches the linear locked strip portion  43   a  which slides on an upper portion thereof, the locked strip portion  43   a  is fitted into the holding groove  53 . Accordingly, the each distal and portion  51   b  of the operating lever  51  is locked and prevented from coming apart in a state in which an upper portion is urged downward in the holding groove  53  by the torsion spring  41  (the locked strip portion  43   a ). Needless to say, the locked portion  45  generates an urging force which urges an upper portion (the holding groove  53 ) of the operating lever  51  downward. In contrast, the second terminal portion  46  of the torsion spring  41  urges a lower portion of the each distal end portion  51   b  of the operating lever  51  upward at the position of the opening OP. 
     Then, the each supporting wall portion  36  (the insertion hole  37 ) serves as a fulcrum of the rotation of the operating lever  51  at the abutting portion of the operating lever  51  with respect to the upper portion of the distal end portion  51   b . Therefore, the each supporting wall portion  36  supports the operating lever  51  so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation O 2  set at an abutment portion thereof with respect to the operating lever  51  (the upper portion of the distal end portion  51   b ). The reason why the fulcrum of the rotation of the operating lever  51  using the supporting bracket  31  (the supporting wall portions  36 ) is for balancing an operating force and an operating amount of the operating lever  51  required for releasing the lock lever  21  using the principle of a lever. It is needless to say that the direction of rotation of the operating lever  51  is different from the direction of rotation of the lock lever  21 . The torsion spring  41  is adapted to hold the operating lever  51  resiliently for maintaining the linked state of the operating lever  51  with respect to the lock lever  21 . Alternatively, a configuration in which the operating lever  51  is resiliently held so that the operating lever  51  releases the operating force for releasing the restriction of movement of the lower rail  3  and the upper rail  4  with respect to the lock lever  21  is also applicable. 
     In this configuration, it is assumed that the operating lever  51  is operated to lift the operating portions  51   a , and the both distal end portions  51   b  of the operating lever  51  are rotated clockwise about the axis of rotation O 2  in  FIG. 3 . At this time, the each pressing portion  52  of the operating lever  51  is moved downward in  FIG. 2 , and hence presses the abutting portion  21   d  of the lock lever  21  downward. Accordingly, the each lock lever  21  is rotated clockwise about the axis of rotation O 1 , that is, in the direction of rotation in which the locking claw  21   c  is moved away from the insertion hole  14   a  or the like against the urging force of the torsion wire  22 . Accordingly, the restriction of the relative movement between the lower rail  3  and the upper rail  4  is released. 
     In contrast, when the operating force of the operating lever  51  (the operating portion  51   a ) is released, the lock lever  21  is urged by the torsion wire  22 , and is rotated (backward) counterclockwise about the axis of rotation O 1  in  FIG. 2 , that is, in the direction of rotation on the side in which the locking claw  21   c  is inserted into the insertion hole  14   a  or the like. Accordingly, the relative movement between the lower rail  3  and the upper rail  4  is restricted again. Also, the both distal end portions  51   b  of the operating lever  51  are rotated counterclockwise about the axis of rotation O 2  in  FIG. 3  in association with the movement of the lock levers  21 . 
     As described above in detail, the following advantages are achieved according to this embodiment. 
     (1) In this embodiment, the torsion spring  41  can be assembled to the supporting bracket  31  easily and, simultaneously, prevented from coming apart by inserting the first terminal portion  42  through the first side wall portion  33 , inserting the shaft portion  44  through the second side wall portion  35  (the groove portion  35   b ), and further inserting the locked portion  45  folded backward from the distal end of the shaft portion  44  through second side wall portion  35  (the groove portion  35   c ). In particular, since the torsion spring  41  is configured to be assembled to the supporting bracket  31  fixed to the upper rail, the assembly work of the torsion spring  41  is further simplified. Also, the axis of rotation O 2  of the operating lever  51  can be set separately from the axis of rotation O 1  of the lock lever  21  only by inserting the each distal end portion  51   b  of the operating lever  51  into the supporting wall portion  36 . In other words, the direction of rotation of the operating lever  51  and the direction of rotation of the lock lever  21  can be set to be different from each other. In addition, the operating lever  51  can be urged in the vertical direction by the locked strip portion  43   a  (the extending portion  43 ) and the second terminal portion  46  with the single torsion spring  41 , so that the operating lever  51  can be held stably. 
     (2) In this embodiment, when the projecting strip  35   a  of the second side wall portion  35  is inserted between the shaft portion  44  and the locked portion  45  of the torsion spring  41 , the shaft portion  44  and the locked portion  45  are brought into a state of being fitted into the pair of groove portions  35   b ,  35   c , and are connected to the second side wall portion  35  in a state of resiliently clamping a proximal end portion of the projecting strip  35   a . In this manner, the shaft portion  44  and the locked portion  45  can be connected to the second side wall portion  35  with an extremely simple method such as to insert the projecting strip  35   a  therebetween. 
     (3) In this embodiment, since a transmitting member (a lever or the like) for changing the direction does not have to be provided separately between the lock lever  21  and the operating lever  51  even though the direction of rotation of the lock lever  21  is different from the direction of rotation of the operating lever  51 , increase in number of components and number of assembly steps can be restrained. 
     The embodiment described above may be modified as follows. 
     As shown in  FIG. 5 , a second side wall portion  61  having an elongated hole  61   a  which communicates at positions corresponding to the both groove portions  35   b ,  35   c  may be employed instead of the second side wall portion  35  having the projecting strip  35   a  and the pair of groove portions  35   b ,  35   c . In this case, although the shaft portion  44  and the locked portion  45  of the torsion spring  41  are inserted into and locked by the same elongated hole  61   a  formed on the second side wall portion  61 , since they are inserted through the positions different from each other, the same effects as in the embodiment described above is achieved. 
     As shown in  FIG. 6 , a first terminal portion  62  set to have a predetermined pressure angle α so as to be inclined with respect to the rail width direction (the axis of rotation of the extending portion  43 ) may be employed in the torsion spring  41 . Then, by causing the first terminal portion  62  to generate an urging force to restrain the same from coming apart from the first side wall portion  33  by the setting of this pressure angle α, the first terminal portion  62  can be prevented from coming apart from the first side wall portion  33 . 
     As also shown in  FIG. 6 , an extending portion  63  inserted into and engaged with the first side wall portion  33  may be provided on the second terminal portion  46 . In this case, the second terminal portion  46  is supported at both ends thereof in a state of being bridged between the first and second wall portions  33  and  35 , the operating lever  51  (the distal end portion  51   b ) can be urged and supported in a stable state. 
     Although the first side wall portion  33  and the second side wall portion  35  of the supporting bracket  31  are arranged on the side of the upper rail  4  and the opposite side thereof in the rail width direction respectively in the embodiment described above, the positional relation may be vice versa. In this case, the torsion spring  41  may be assembled basically in the reverse direction so as to match the relation of arrangement of the first and second side wall portions  33  and  35 . The supporting wall portion  36  may be continued to the second side wall portion  35 . 
     In the embodiment described above, the number of locking claws  21   c  to be provided on the lock lever  21  may be any number as long as there is at least one. 
     In the embodiment described above, the cross-sectional shape of the lower rail  3  is shown simply as an example. For example, the folded-back wall portions  13  may be protruded outward in terms of the rail width direction. 
     In the embodiment described above, the cross-sectional shape of the upper rail  4  is shown simply as an example. For example, the folded-back wall portions  16  may be protruded inward in terms of the rail width direction. The cross section of the upper rail  4  is not limited to the U-shape, but may be an inverted T-shape, for example. 
     The direction of movement of the seat in association with the movement of the upper rail  4  with respect to the lower rail  3  may be, for example, the fore-and-aft direction or the widthwise direction of the vehicle. 
     According to one embodiment of the invention, the torsion spring can be assembled to the supporting bracket easily and, simultaneously, prevented from coming apart by inserting the first terminal portion through the first side wall portion, inserting the shaft portion through the second side wall portion, and further inserting the locked portion folded backward from the distal end of the shaft portion through second side wall portion. Also, the axis of rotation of the operating lever can be set separately from the axis of rotation of the lock lever only by inserting the operating lever into the supporting wall portion. In this case, the direction of rotation of the operating lever and the direction of rotation of the lock lever  21  need not coincide with each other. 
     According to one embodiment of the invention, when the projecting strip is inserted between the shaft portion and the locked portion of the torsion spring, the shaft portion and the locked portion are brought into a state of being fitted into the pair of groove portions, and are connected to the second side wall portion in a state of resiliently clamping the projecting strip. In this manner, the shaft portion and the locked portion can be connected to the second side wall portion with an extremely simple method such as to insert the projecting strip therebetween. 
     According to one embodiment of the invention, since the pressure angle is set, the first terminal portion can be restrained from coming apart from the first side wall portion. 
     According to one embodiment of the invention, since the second terminal portion is supported at both ends thereof in a state of being bridged between the first and second wall portions, the operating lever can be urged and supported in a stable state. 
     According to one embodiment of the invention, since a transmitting member (a lever or the like) for changing the direction need not be provided separately between the lock lever and the operating lever even though the direction of rotation of the lock lever is different from the direction of rotation of the operating lever, increase in number of components and number of assembly steps can be restrained. 
     According to one embodiment of the invention, the vehicle seat sliding apparatus in which the assembleability of the torsion spring which resiliently hold the operating lever can be improved without being restrained in the direction of rotation of the operating lever. 
     The principles, preferred embodiment and mode of operation of the present invention have been described in the foregoing specification. However, the invention which is intended to be protected is not to be construed as limited to the particular embodiments disclosed. Further, the embodiments described herein are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive. Variations and changes may be made by others, and equivalents employed, without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Accordingly, it is expressly intended that all such variations, changes and equivalents which fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the claims, be embraced thereby.