Abstract:
A switched outlet module which controls power to one or more electrically powered devices which are connected to the module and which are under the control of a wall switch has a plurality of output jacks. A first pair of output jacks are switched outlet jacks and a second pair of output jacks are unswitched outlet jacks. A switching device is coupled to the plurality of outlet jacks to control which of the plurality of output jacks are the switched output jacks. Connectors are coupled to the switched outlet jacks for connecting remote controlled devices that control electronic devices coupled to the switched outlet jacks. Control circuitry is coupled to the switching device to monitor and limit a current through the switched outlet jacks, to monitor and limit a current through the switching device, and to interpret signals from remote controlled devices coupled to the connectors. Contacts are coupled to the control circuitry to couple the module to a switched electrical receptacle. A pair of touch switches are coupled to the connectors. The pair of touch sensors will allow one to control both switch output jacks.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001]     1. Field of the Invention  
         [0002]     This invention relates to electrical power control, and more specifically, to the control of electrical devices, including lamps, by both standard wall switches and additional controls without the position of any wall switch or control preventing the others from operating.  
         [0003]     2. Description of the Prior Art  
         [0004]     To promote safety, the National Electrical Code Section 210-70(a) requires every room in a house or office to have lighting controlled by a wall switch. In most rooms, the wall switch can control one or more receptacle outlets to power floor, table, desk or other plug-in lamps. If a switch on a lamp is turned off, the wall switch can no longer turn on the lamp. This thwarts the intended safety of lighting a room before entering it. A table lamp on a night stand exemplifies the problem. Before going to sleep, the lamp is switched off. The next morning there is no impetus to turn the lamp switch back on. The next evening the wall switch can no longer turn on the lamp. Thus, one needs to walk in the dark towards the lamp and fumbling in the dark to locate the lamp switch to light the room.  
         [0005]     Lamp switches are often found in inconvenient locations, such as under a lamp shade next to the base of a burning light bulb, on a lamp cord, or behind the lamp. Such switch locations require bending down, reaching underneath a lamp shade near a hot, bright light bulb, or reaching around behind a lamp or table to reach the lamp switch. Switches in these common locations are often difficult to locate and to operate. Even lamp switches on the base of a lamp are not always easy to reach and operate.  
         [0006]     It would be desirable to provide one or more remote controls that allow the following: can be placed in easily accessible locations to replace the function of lamp switches, which cooperate with wall switches, provide additional functional features, and are easy to find and operate. Existing lamp switches can be left in the ON position, and can optionally have the switch knobs or handles removed or fixed in the ON position. The original lamp switches will most likely be ignored because the remote controls will be located in preferable locations, making them easier to use than the lamp switches. For example, a touch switch sitting on a night stand is easier to reach and operate.  
         [0007]     To simplify installation and thereby reduce cost, it is desirable that the device plug into a standard wall outlet and the lamps or other electrical devices and an additional control or controls connect to the device. This avoids modifications to building wiring and the need for an electrician or any special tools to install it.  
         [0008]     Therefore a need existed to provide an improved system and method for overcoming the above problem. The improved system and method will provide one or more remote controls that can be placed in easily accessible locations to replace the function of lamp switches, cooperate with existing wall switches, provide additional features, and are easy to find and operate.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0009]     In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, it is an object of the present invention to provide a switched-outlet module and one or more remote controls.  
         [0010]     It is another object of the present invention to provide a switched-outlet module and a remote control or controls that are highly portable and easily placed in accessible locations.  
         [0011]     It is another object of the present invention to provide a switched-outlet module and one or more remote controls that are easy to install, remove, and reinstall.  
         [0012]     It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a switched-outlet module and one or more remote controls that are easy to install and reinstall that do not require the user to have or use any special tools or technical training to install, remove, or reinstall.  
         [0013]     It is still another object of the present invention to provide a switched-outlet module and one or more remote controls that are easy to install, remove, and reinstall that do not require the user to make any modifications to existing wiring to install, remove, or reinstall.  
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0014]     In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention a switched outlet module which controls power to one or more electrically powered devices which are connected to the module and which are under the control of a wall switch is disclosed. The switched outlet module has a plurality of output jacks. A first pair of output jacks are switched outlet jacks and a second pair of output jacks are unswitched outlet jacks. A switching device is coupled to the plurality of outlet jacks to control which of the plurality of output jacks are the switched output jacks. Connectors are coupled to the switched outlet jacks for connecting remote controlled devices that control electronic devices coupled to the switched outlet jacks. Control circuitry is coupled to the switching device to monitor and limit a current through the switched outlet jacks, to monitor and limit a current through the switching device, and to interpret signals from remote controlled devices coupled to the connectors. Contacts are coupled to the control circuitry to couple the module to a switched electrical receptacle. A pair of touch switches are coupled to the connectors. The pair of touch sensors will allow one to control both switched output jacks.  
         [0015]     The foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following, more particular, description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawing. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0016]     The novel features believed characteristic of the invention are set forth in the appended claims. The invention itself, as well as a preferred mode of use, and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of illustrated embodiments when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals and symbols represent like elements.  
         [0017]      FIG. 1  shows simplified electrical block diagrams of various methods of wiring switched outlets for  1 ,  2 ,  3  or more wall switches.  
         [0018]      FIG. 2  shows different views of the switched outlet module of the present invention.  
         [0019]      FIG. 3  shows a block diagram of the switched outlet module depicted in  FIG. 2 .  
         [0020]      FIG. 4  shows an electrical schematic of the switched outlet module depicted in  FIG. 2 .  
         [0021]      FIG. 5  is an elevated perspective view of the touch switches used in the present invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
       [0022]     Referring to  FIG. 1 , three electrical schematics depict a variety of ways two-circuit duplex receptacles can be wired to provide a switched outlet in a building. Outlet  10  shows a single-pole wall switch which controls power to the bottom outlet of a duplex receptacle. The bottom outlet is switched but it could be reversed as in  11  where the top outlet is switched. There is no standard to determine which outlet of a duplex receptacle is switched and which is not. The outlet  11  also has two 3-way switches coupled thereto to provide two wall switches, each of which can control the switched outlet  11 . The circuit for the outlet  11  is used when a room has two doorways or entrances. Outlet  12  has wiring to provide three or more wall switches that can each control power to the switched outlet  12 . Additional 4-way switches can be connected in series to provide four or more wall switches.  
         [0023]     Outlet  10  also shows multiple switched outlets controlled by one wall switch. Outlet  11  also shows an ungrounded, polarized receptacle which is usually found in older buildings which do not have ground wiring. Outlet  12  shows a receptacle mounted upside-down compared to the receptacles in  10  and  11 . There is no standard to determine which way a receptacle is mounted in an outlet box, so any orientation may be used. Hereinafter the orientation of outlet  10  will be used to indicate the top and bottom outlets of a two-circuit switched receptacle for the purposes of this patent.  
         [0024]     The neutral wire is always connected to the wider slot on a receptacle and the hot wire to the narrower slot, as required by the National Electrical Code. Only the hot wire can be switched, the neutral wire must remain connected, not switched. On a two-circuit receptacle, the two neutral slots may or may not be connected to the same neutral wire. The unswitched outlet may be connected to a separate circuit from the switched outlet, so the switched-outlet module must not return current from the hot wire on one outlet to the neutral wire of the other outlet; or a ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) may be triggered on either circuit as a result of the current imbalance it would create.  
         [0025]     Referring to  FIGS. 2, 3  and  4 , wherein like numerals and symbols represent like elements, a switched outlet module  90  is shown. The switched outlet module  90  has male blades  100  and  101  that plug into a switched wall receptacle. Blade  100  is the top plug and blade  101  is the bottom plug. Elements  128  and  129  are the two switched jacks on the module that two controlled lamps or other electrical devices plug into. Jack  128  is the first switched jack and jack  129  is the second switched jack. Elements  130  and  131  are unswitched jacks. The unswitched jacks  130  and  131  will always supply AC power available to fulfill the “6-foot rule” which states that for every 6 feet of wall space there shall be at least one unswitched outlet.  
         [0026]     Connectors  132  and  133  are inputs for wired remote controls which primarily control the first switched jack  128 , and the second switched jack  129  respectively. Connectors  132  and  133  may be connected directly to different types of control mechanisms. For example, connectors  132  and  133  may be connected directly to mechanical or touch switches, interfaces to computer networks, standard busses, wireless receivers, and the like. It should be noted that the listing of the above should not be seen as to limit the scope of the present invention.  
         [0027]     Slide or rocker switch  106  is a position switch which selects whether the unswitched outlet is on the top or bottom outlet of the wall receptacle. In the embodiment depicted in  FIG. 4  the position switch  106  is a 3-pole, double-throw switch (3PDT). The first pole  107  of position switch  106 , is set to connect to the unswitched hot wire  102  from the receptacle, which connects to the hot blade of plug  100  in the schematic. The second pole  108  of position switch  106  connects to the switched hot wire  104  through the bottom plug  101 . This connects the switched hot wire from the receptacle through current limiting resistor  125  to an input pin on the microprocessor  110 . This allows the microprocessor  110  to sense the state of the wall switch. The third pole  109  of position switch  106  selects the neutral wire  103  from the unswitched outlet. The neutral wire  105  from the bottom (switched) outlet cannot be used as a return because it could be connected to a separate circuit in the building which would contradict code and pose a safety hazard.  
         [0028]     Resistors  126  and  127  provide a leakage shunt to ensure that the hot wires  102  and  104  respectively, whichever is connected to the switched outlet and whenever the wall switch is off or open, will provide a reliable signal through resistor  125  to the microprocessor  110 .  
         [0029]     The unswitched hot wire  107  and unswitched neutral wire  109  provide AC power to a power supply  111  which converts the power to a DC voltage appropriate to power the microprocessor  110 . This may be any type of AC to DC power supply circuit including a charge pump.  
         [0030]     Switching devices  112  and  113 , which may be relays, contactors, solid state relays, or solid state devices include thyristors (triacs, silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs), alternistors), transistors including junction field-effect transistors (JFETs), metal-oxide silicon field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) and insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), switch the power to switched jacks  128  and  129  respectively. It should be noted that the listing of the different types of switching devices  112  and  113  are giving as examples and should not be seen as to limit the scope of the present invention.  
         [0031]     Current limiting resistors  114  and  115  serve two functions. First, the voltage across each increases with the load current connected to switched jacks  128  and  129  respectively. These two voltages are current limited by resistors  118  and  119 , respectively, and connected to two input pins on the microprocessor  110 . This allows the microprocessor  110  to sense whenever too much current is being drawn through either switched jack  128  or  129 , which indicates an overload condition. The microprocessor  110  can then take appropriate action to protect switching devices  112  and  113  from overheating and damage.  
         [0032]     The second purpose of resistors  114  and  115  is to limit current through switching devices  112  and  113 , respectively, during a light bulb burnout. Incandescent light bulb failure, when the tungsten filament breaks, can result in a tungsten arc which requires about 15 volts and 1 amp to maintain. The event is called flashover and is analogous to TIG (tungsten inert gas) welding. It can draw all of the current available from the power circuit. The arc is usually extinguished when the AC voltage crosses zero, cutting off the necessary current to fuel the arc. In the mean time of up to one half of a 60 Hz cycle, or about 8.33 milliseconds, a thyristor can be subjected to extremely high current. Resistors  114  and  115  are selected to limit this extreme current to a level that the switching devices  112  and  113  can survive for a half cycle without damage. Resistors  114  and  115  must also be able to survive the extreme current for the duration of the flashover. Without this protection the switched outlet module  90  could burnout as the result of a simple light bulb failure.  
         [0033]     Resistors  116  and  117  limit current from the two microprocessor output pins that drive the gates of switching devices  112  and  113 , respectively. The microprocessor  110  drives a thyristor gate low to turn each thyristor on. This, in turn, enables power to each of the switched jacks,  128  and  129 .  
         [0034]     Resistor pairs  120  and  122 ,  121  and  123  are voltage dividers to reduce the voltage from the remote controls  132  and  133 , to two input pins on the microprocessor  110 . The two microprocessor input pins sense when the remote controls are active to control the state of power jacks  128  and  129 . It is completely up to the microprocessor  110  programming to interpret the remote control signals and act upon them. If the remote controls are touch sensors, the microprocessor  110  samples the remote control inputs near the positive peak of the unswitched hot wire,  107 . A person contacting a touch sensor will apply a voltage near ground or neutral to the remote control input  132  or  133 . This will cause a microprocessor input pin to go low, signaling the touch. The resistance of resistors  120  and  121  must be very high to limit the amount of current conducted to a person contacting a touch sensor.  
         [0035]     Resistor  124  allows the microprocessor input pin connected through resistor  118  to detect AC zero-voltage crossing even if no load is connected to switched jack  128 .  
         [0036]     In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, the connectors  132  and  133  are touch switches  132 A and  132 B. The touch switches  132 A and  132 B will allow one to control the lamps or other electrical devices that are plugged into the two switched jacks  128  and  129  on the module by touching the touch switches  132 A and  132 B with a finger  210  of the user. The microprocessor  110  is designed to allow the touch switches  132 A and  132 B to control both switched jacks  128  and  129 .  
         [0037]     The touch switches  132 A and  132 B will be comprised of a housing  200 . The housing  200  is used to store a sensing circuit  204 . The housing  200  further acts as a grounding plane for the touch switches  132 A and  132 B. A top panel  202  is placed over the housing  200 . The top panel  202  will generally be a conductive material that when touched will make contact with a sensing element of the sensing circuit to complete the sensing circuit to allow the touch switches  132 A and  132 B to control both switched jacks  128  and  129 .  
         [0038]     The touch switches  132 A and  132 B are conductors to make contact with the users hand or body. The touch switches  132 A and  132 B may be made of metal, conductive plastic or other conductive materials.  
         [0039]     As stated above, the microprocessor  110  is designed to allow the touch switches  132 A and  132 B to control both switched jacks  128  and  129 . The microprocessor  110  is programmed so that when a user touches one of the touch switches  132 A and  132 B, a corresponding switched jack  128  and  129  will activate a lamp or other electrical devices (hereinafter lamp) that is plugged into the corresponding switched jacks  128  and  129 . Thus, each touch switch  132 A and  132 B will initially control a corresponding switched jack  128  and  129 . The touch switches  132 A and  132 B instruct the microprocessor  110  to dim or brighten the corresponding switched jack  128  or  129  so that the longer a person presses on the touch switches  132 A and  132 B, the brighter the lamp that is plugged into the corresponding switched jack  128  or  129  will become. If a person removes his hand from the touch switches  132 A and  132 B and then touches the corresponding touch switches  132 A or  132 B again, the lamp will begin to dim until the person removes his/her hand or the lamp is turned off. This allows the user to brighten or dim the lamp.  
         [0040]     The touch switches  132 A and  132 B also allow cross control of the switched jacks  128  and  129 . If a person keeps on pressing the corresponding touch switch  132 A or  132 B, once the lamp in the corresponding switched jack  128  or  129  has reached an extreme condition (i.e., brightest light output or off), the other switched jack  128  or  129  will begin brightening or fading. If one briefly releases the corresponding touch switch  132 A or  132 B and then releases the corresponding touch switch  132 A or  132 B and then touches the corresponding touch switch  132 A or  132 B again, a user can control the other lamp. Releasing the corresponding touch switch  132 A or  132 B longer and then touching the corresponding touch switch  132 A or  132 B again will allow the user to control the corresponding lamp again.  
         [0041]     A user can then control both lamps on both switched jacks  128  or  129  with the same touch switch  132 A or  132 B. Once cross control of the other lamp is achieved and both lamps have reached the same extreme condition (either the brightest light output or the off condition) and the person continues to press on the touch switch  132 A or  132 B, both switched jacks  128  and  129  will begin to brighten or fade together and either touch switch  132 A or  132 B will control both switched jacks  128  and  129 . This is called dual control.  
         [0042]     A user can revert to control of the corresponding lamp only from dual control. If a person continues pressing on touch control  132 A or  132 B while in dual control, after both switched jacks  128  and  129  are both fully on or off, the switched jack  128  or  129  corresponding to the touch control  132 A or  132 B being pressed, will begin to fade or brighten, leaving the other switched jack  128  or  129  at the previous extreme condition. Either touch switch  132 A or  132 B will again control both the corresponding lamp in switched jacks  128  and  129 .  
         [0043]     While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.