Abstract:
The present invention integrates a decorative design element into the functional elements of a nasal dilator. The design element includes a predetermined artistic, aesthetic, shape defined by at least a portion of a periphery of at least one layer of the dilator. The nasal dilator thus may decoratively express or represent teams, programs, sports, organizations, sponsors, institutions, clubs, schools, companies, product or service brands, legal entities, individuals, etc. In use the nasal dilator stabilizes and/or expands the nasal outer wall tissues and prevents said tissues from drawing inward during breathing.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    The present application claims priority benefit to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/941,761 filed 19 Feb. 2014. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The present invention relates generally to medical devices, and more specifically to apparatus for, and methods of, supporting, stabilizing or dilating external tissue of the human body. As disclosed and taught in the preferred embodiments, the tissue dilator devices are particularly suitable for, and are directed primarily to, external nasal dilators used in supporting, stabilizing and dilating outer wall tissues of the nasal airway passages of the human nose. 
         [0003]    The United States Food and Drug Administration classifies the external nasal dilator as a Class I Medical Device. External nasal dilators provided to consumers in the retail marketplace are more commonly known as nasal strips. Embodiments for nasal strips disclosed herein are directed primarily to use by human athletes and non-athletes. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0004]    External nasal dilators worn on the skin surface of the human nose are well disclosed in the art. In use the external nasal dilator is flexed across the bridge of the nose, engaging the nasal passage outer wall tissues on each side of the bridge, and held thereto by adhesive. A resilient member (synonymously referred to in the art as a spring, spring member, resilient band, resilient member band, spring band, or bridge) extends along the length of the device, secured to a thin, flexible sheet or sandwiched between two thin flexible sheets. Flexed across the bridge of the nose, the resilient member, having resiliency or resilient properties, exerts spring biasing forces that urge the nasal outer wall tissues outward, stabilizing, expanding dilating the nasal passageways. Stabilized or dilated tissue reduces nasal airflow resistance within the nasal passages, promoting a corresponding increase, ease, or improvement in nasal breathing. 
         [0005]    Nasal dilators having a decoration imprinted thereon are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Publication No. 2009-0234383 A1 (Ierulli, FIGS. 10-13), and U.S. Pat. No. 6,375,667 (Muchin). These disclosures teach decoration by imprinting a logo or design, such as by ink using conventional means, onto a visible flat surface of a resilient member. However, the decoration is separate from, and forms no part of, the dilator&#39;s function and utility. 
         [0006]    There is a continuing need in the art to develop nasal dilator devices adapted for use by athletes, and to integrate fan support for athletics, athletes, sports teams, and sports in general. The relationship between fans and sports may similarly exist, for example, in popular culture, or between organizations, companies, institutions and other entities, etc., and their supporters, followers, employees, customers or enthusiasts. The present invention provides unique and novel nasal dilator devices that address these market needs. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0007]    The present invention comprises resilient and engagement elements and a decorative design element. An additional directional element may affect, alter or improve the resilient and engagement functions. The engagement element functions primarily to affix, adhere, secure or engage the article to external tissue. The resilient element comprises a resilient member structure in at least one resilient layer. The decorative design element conveys a desired artistic expression and contributes, at least in part, and preferably substantially, to the resilient or engagement functions. 
         [0008]    Engagement, resilient, directional, and decorative design elements are defined by at least a portion of at least one layer, member or component of the dilator. Any layer may overlap or overlay any other layer in whole or in part. The peripheral dimensions of the dilator may be defined, in whole or part, by an element thereof, or by a layer or portion thereof, or by any combination of layers. 
         [0009]    The present invention integrates, combines and incorporates the decorative design element with, and into, the functional utility of the nasal dilator. Rather than imprinting a design or logo onto a material from which a medical device, such as a nasal dilator, is fabricated, the components (layers or members) of the present invention, either separately or combined, are instead peripherally shaped to form a predetermined decorative design. The peripherally shaped layer or member functions as the engagement and/or resilient element of the dilator, the decorative design element thus integrated therewith, as illustrated and described herein. For example, a shaped resilient layer may be secured atop a complementary-shaped base layer. The decorative design element provides more of a three-dimensional appearance that is generally possible with traditional imprinting. Using color or imprinting may enhance the design or allow it to be more specific to a particular entity or individual, but its basic shape, periphery, surface area, dimensions, configuration, etc., are primarily determined by at least some of the dilator&#39;s constituent parts. 
         [0010]    The decorative design element may comprise at least one of a shaped character, letter, symbol, title, crest, logo, emblem, mark, indicia, artistic rendering, graphic, decoration, representation, acronym, word, phrase, message, expression, or the like. The decorative design element or a portion thereof may be generically referred to herein as a shaped design. The present invention may be adapted for use by athletes and non-athletes, and may decoratively express or represent teams, programs, sports, organizations, sponsors, institutions, clubs, schools, companies, product brand, service brand, corporate brand, legal entities, celebrities, actors, individuals, etc. Nasal dilators adapted for use by athletes may include greater resiliency than those adapted for use by non-athletes. 
         [0011]    The decorative design element may be configured to provide support for, or a relationship between, individuals and organized entities. Nasal dilators of the present invention are adapted for athletic or non-athletic use. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the design element may be similarly incorporated to other medical devices or consumer products, particularly those made from the same class of materials as external nasal dilators, and fabricated, or converted, in substantially the same manner. 
         [0012]    Nasal dilators of the present invention are capable of resilient deformation by virtue of the resilient element being substantially rigid in-plane and being flexible out-of-plane. When released after being flexed across the bridge of the nose, the dilator returns to a substantially planar or pre-flexed state. In use the dilator stabilizes the outer wall of the nasal passages and prevents the tissue thereof from drawing inward during breathing, and may further expand, or dilate, the nasal passage outer walls. 
         [0013]    To provide stabilization or dilation, the resilient element is preferably configured to generate from about 10 grams to about 35 grams of resiliency, or spring biasing force, for non-athletes, and from about 25 grams to about 45 grams for athletes. Spring biasing force is determined by the type of resilient member material used and the configuration of the resilient member structure, including width, length, and thickness thereof. The resilient element comprises a resilient member structure having at least one resilient member in at least one resilient layer. Two or more resilient members may overlay or overlap one another. A resilient member may include components, such as resilient spring fingers or decorative/functional components, or the resilient member may be bifurcated laterally to form resilient spring fingers. 
         [0014]    At least a portion of the resilient element may be peripherally shaped or otherwise configured to render all or part of the predetermined artistic design. Some or all of the shaping itself may be configured without regard, or relevance, to resilient function. However, the resilient member structure as a whole is configured by its overall dimensions to generate suitable spring biasing force or resiliency as described herein. (The terms spring biasing, spring biasing force, spring force, resiliency, spring constant, etc. as used herein are generally synonymous.) 
         [0015]    The directional element modifies, directs, affects or alters dilator spring biasing properties to enhance efficacy, engagement, useful duration, comfort, or ease of use. The directional element includes one or more design features that may, for example: spread spring biasing forces to a greater lateral extent of the dilator; increase or decrease localized spring biasing forces; mitigate or transform delaminating peel and tensile forces, at least in part, from primarily peel forces to primarily shear forces; direct spring biasing forces to discreet engagement contact points; or create lessening of or gradiently reduce spring biasing forces at the device end regions. 
         [0016]    Some embodiments of the present invention are configured to function adequately when composed of a resilient element and decorative design element. That is, the directional element may be configured so that a resilient member structure forms the dilator substantially in its entirety; the dilator thus comprising primarily the resilient member structure together with an engagement element, or means, consisting primarily of an adhesive substance. 
         [0017]    The decorative design element may be defined by the resilient element or resilient member structure, and may be further defined, or complemented, by the engagement element. The design element may be equally defined by the resilient member structure and the engagement element. Two or more shaped resilient members may be spatially arranged relative to each other so as to form a desired design, in addition to generating a desired functional resiliency. Alternatively, a shaped resilient member may be combined with a conventional resilient member or structure, such as, for example, one or more generally rectangular resilient members, or a single resilient member having a plurality of spring fingers extending outward from a common center. Further alternatively, the decorative design element may be substantially defined by the engagement element together with a conventional resilient member or structure, particularly, for example, when a desired aesthetic shape does not lend itself to a configuration suitable to provide support, stabilization or dilation. 
         [0018]    In order to render a desired decorative design, resilient members of the present invention may, of necessity, have areas of material removed from within the peripheral boundaries thereof. U.S. Pat. No. 5,611,333 (Johnson) discloses a resilient member having cuts, notches, openings, slits, etc. formed within the resilient member periphery so as to selectively reduce and achieve a desired spring band resiliency. However, the disclosure does not teach or suggest this configuration as decoration or as a decorative design element of the device. 
         [0019]    A non-functional, or substantially non-functional, shaped design or portion thereof may be added to the present invention by, for example, conventional imprinting, or by a material layer shaped and/or colored as desired. Decorative imprinting or coloring, by any conventional means, may be applied to any device layer to enhance or otherwise affect the decorative design element, or to make the shaped design more specific to the entity for which it is intended. 
         [0020]    It is the principal objective of the present invention to integrate decorative design elements into novel nasal dilator and tissue support devices, and to provide graphical expression of support for, or a relationship between, individuals and organized entities, such as, for example, professional athletes and fans or supporters thereof. A further objective is to address the dynamic relationship between engagement to the nose during athletic activity and the greater resiliency that may be desirable in nasal dilator devices used by athletes. The present invention builds upon the prior art and discloses new, useful, and non-obvious external nasal dilator and nasal support devices. 
         [0021]    The nasal dilators depicted, taught, enabled and disclosed herein represent families of new, useful and non-obvious devices having a variety of alternative embodiments. Dilator elements, layers, members, components, materials, or regions may be of differing size, area, thickness, length, width or shape than that illustrated or described while still remaining within the purview and scope of the present invention. 
         [0022]    Some drawing figures depict an element, layer or member in solid black to illustrate contrast between dilator elements or members. Some embodiments of the present invention may refer to, or cross reference, other embodiments. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that some features may be applied, interchanged or combined from one embodiment to another. 
         [0023]    Broken lines and dashed lines are used in the drawings to aid in describing relationships or circumstances with regard to objects:
       A broken line including a dash followed by three short spaces with two short dashes therebetween indicates separation for illustrative purposes, such as in an exploded view, or to indicate an object or objects removed or separated from one or more other objects.   A dashed line (sometimes referred to as a shadow line) of successive short dashes with short spaces therebetween may be used to illustrate an object, such as one underneath another, or to reference environment such as facial features; or for clarity, to show location, such as the space an object or structure will occupy, would occupy, or did occupy; or for illustrative purposes, to represent an object, structure, element or layer(s) as ‘invisible’ so that other objects more pertinent to the discussion at hand may be highlighted or more clearly seen.   A broken line including a long dash followed by a short space, a short dash and another short space is used to call out a centerline or an angle, or to indicate alignment; when accompanied by a bracket, to call out a section, segment or portion of an object or a group of objects; to illustrate a spatial relationship between one or more objects or groups of objects, or to create separation between objects for the purpose of illustrative clarity.       
 
         [0027]    In the drawings accompanying this disclosure, like objects are generally referred to with common reference numerals or characters, except where variations of otherwise like objects must be distinguished from one another. Where there is a plurality of like objects in a single drawing figure corresponding to the same reference numeral or character, only a portion of said like objects may be identified. After initial description in the text, some reference characters may be placed in a subsequent drawing(s) in anticipation of a need to call repeated attention to the referenced object. Drawings are not rendered to scale, and where shown, the thickness of objects may be exaggerated for illustrative clarity. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING 
         [0028]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view showing a human nose, depicted in broken lines, with a perspective view of a first form of nasal dilator in accordance with the present invention engaged thereon. 
           [0029]      FIG. 2  is a plan view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 1 . 
           [0030]      FIG. 3  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 1 . 
           [0031]      FIGS. 4 and 5  are exploded perspective views, respectively, of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 1 . 
           [0032]      FIG. 6  is a plan view of a second form of nasal dilator in accordance with the present invention. 
           [0033]      FIG. 7  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 6 . 
           [0034]      FIG. 8  is a plan view of a third form of nasal dilator in accordance with the present invention. 
           [0035]      FIG. 9  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 8 . 
           [0036]      FIG. 10  is an exploded perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 8 . 
           [0037]      FIG. 11  is a side elevation of a human face, depicted in broken lines, showing a perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 8  engaged on the nose thereof. 
           [0038]      FIG. 12  is a plan view of an alternate form of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 8 . 
           [0039]      FIG. 13  is an exploded perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 12 . 
           [0040]      FIG. 14  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 12 . 
           [0041]      FIG. 15  is a plan view of an alternate form of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 6 . 
           [0042]      FIG. 16  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 15 . 
           [0043]      FIG. 17  is a plan view of a fourth form of nasal dilator in accordance with the present invention. 
           [0044]      FIG. 18  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 17 . 
           [0045]      FIG. 19  is a plan view of an alternate form of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 17 . 
           [0046]      FIG. 20  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 19 . 
           [0047]      FIG. 21  is a plan view of a fifth form of nasal dilator in accordance with the present invention. 
           [0048]      FIG. 22  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 21 . 
           [0049]      FIGS. 23 and 24  are side elevations of a human face, depicted in broken lines, showing perspective views, respectively, of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 21  engaged on the nose thereof. 
           [0050]      FIG. 25  is a plan view of an alternate form of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 17 . 
           [0051]      FIG. 26  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 25 . 
           [0052]      FIG. 27  is a plan view of a sixth form of nasal dilator in accordance with the present invention. 
           [0053]      FIG. 28  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 27 . 
           [0054]      FIG. 29  is an exploded perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 27 . 
           [0055]      FIG. 30  is a plan view of a seventh form of nasal dilator in accordance with the present invention. 
           [0056]      FIG. 31  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 30 . 
           [0057]      FIG. 32  is a perspective view of the resilient member structure of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 30 . 
           [0058]      FIG. 33  is a plan view of an alternate form of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 30 . 
           [0059]      FIG. 34  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 33 . 
           [0060]      FIG. 35  is a plan view of an alternate form of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 33 . 
           [0061]      FIG. 36  is a partially exploded perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 35 . 
           [0062]      FIG. 37  is a plan view of an alternate form of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 30 . 
           [0063]      FIG. 38  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 37 . 
           [0064]      FIG. 39  is a plan view of an eighth form of nasal dilator in accordance with the present invention. 
           [0065]      FIG. 40  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 39 . 
           [0066]      FIG. 41  is an exploded perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 39 . 
           [0067]      FIG. 42  is a plan view of an alternate form of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 27 . 
           [0068]      FIG. 43  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 42 . 
           [0069]      FIG. 44  is a plan view of an ninth form of nasal dilator in accordance with the present invention. 
           [0070]      FIG. 45  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 44 . 
           [0071]      FIG. 46  is a partially exploded perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 44 . 
           [0072]      FIGS. 47 ,  50 , and  53  are plan views of variations of a tenth form of nasal dilator in accordance with the present invention. 
           [0073]      FIGS. 48 ,  51 , and  54  are three-quarter perspective views of the nasal dilators of  FIGS. 47 ,  50 , and  53 , respectively. 
           [0074]      FIGS. 49 ,  52 , and  55  are partially exploded perspective views of the nasal dilators of  FIGS. 47 ,  50 , and  53 , respectively. 
           [0075]      FIGS. 56 ,  59 , and  61  are plan views of variations of an eleventh form of nasal dilator in accordance with the present invention. 
           [0076]      FIGS. 57 ,  60 , and  62  are three-quarter perspective views of the nasal dilators of  FIGS. 56 ,  59 , and  61 , respectively. 
           [0077]      FIGS. 58 and 63  are partially exploded perspective views of the nasal dilators of  FIGS. 56 and 61 , respectively. 
           [0078]      FIG. 64  is a plan view of a twelfth form of nasal dilator in accordance with the present invention. 
           [0079]      FIG. 65  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 64 . 
           [0080]      FIG. 66  is an exploded perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 64 . 
           [0081]      FIG. 67  is a side elevation of a human face, depicted in broken lines, showing a perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 65  engaged on the nose thereof. 
           [0082]      FIG. 68  is a plan view of an thirteenth form of nasal dilator in accordance with the present invention. 
           [0083]      FIG. 69  is a three-quarter perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 68 . 
           [0084]      FIG. 70  is an exploded perspective view of the nasal dilator of  FIG. 68 . 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0085]    An embodiment of a nasal dilator,  10 , in accordance with the present invention, is illustrated in  FIG. 1 . Dilator  10  is engaged to and flexed across a human nose, represented by dashed lines, and secured to the nose on each side of the bridge thereof. As seen in  FIG. 3 , the dilator may be comprised of layers of several thin sheets, including a base layer, a resilient layer and a cover layer. The dilator engagement element may be primarily comprised of the base layer and/or a cover layer, including at least one base member,  14  (if a plurality thereof,  14   a ,  14   b , etc.), and/or at least one cover member,  18 , (if a plurality thereof,  18   a ,  18   b , etc.). The layers of dilator  10  may be substantially aligned along a longitudinal centerline, a, as seen in  FIG. 2 . 
         [0086]    The preferred material for the dilator base and cover layers is from a group of widely available flexible, supple nonwoven fabrics that are breathable and comfortable on the skin, as may be found, for example, among the class of convertible medical grade adhesive tapes. Certain flexible, supple thermoplastic films, as also may be found among the class of medical grade tapes, as well as colored or clear films, are equally preferred. A pressure sensitive adhesive, preferably biocompatible with human skin, may be disposed on at least one flat surface side of the preferred material, which may, in turn, be covered by a removable protective release liner. 
         [0087]    The dilator resilient element comprises a resilient member structure including at least one resilient member,  22 , (if a plurality thereof,  22   a ,  22   b , and  22   c , etc.) in at least one resilient layer. The preferred material for the resilient element is a thermoplastic resin. The preferred material may be selected from a class having a range of flexural, tensile and elastic moduli so as to have substantial in-plane rigidity and out-of-plane flexibility, such that resilient member  22  has suitable spring biasing properties at a thickness, for example, of from about 0.005″ to about 0.015″. The most preferred thermoplastic material from said class is a widely available biaxially oriented polyester resin (PET or boPET). Softer thermoplastics, such as those that may be extruded or thermoformed, for example, may be preferable in instances where a thicker (i.e., &gt;0.015″), or more three dimensional, resilient member or structure is desired. 
         [0088]    Preferred resilient element materials may have a pressure sensitive adhesive disposed on at least one surface, which may be covered by a removable protective release liner. The material may be laminated to the preferred base layer or cover layer material so that one or more resilient members and at base or cover members may be die cut concurrently to the same peripheral shape. 
         [0089]    As further seen in  FIG. 3 , a protective layer of release liner,  15 , may be used to cover any exposed adhesive preliminary to using the dilator. The shape and dimensions of release liner  15  may correspond to the periphery of dilator  10  or may exceed the periphery of one or more dilators  10 . Release liner  15  may be bisected into two parts, which may overlap or abut, so as to facilitate removal from the dilator prior to use. 
         [0090]      FIG. 4  illustrates that the individual layers of dilator  10  may be combined into a laminate, the laminate forming a unitary, or single body, truss. The dilator has contiguous regions indicated generally by broken lines and brackets, including a first end region,  32 , a second end region,  34 , and an intermediate region,  36 , which interconnects first end region  32  to second end region  34 . The width of intermediate region  36  may be narrower, equal to, or wider than the width of end region  32  or  34 . Portions of any layer may define a region of the dilator or a portion thereof. The elements, layers, or members of dilator  10  may extend from one region to another. End regions  32  and  34  are identical in peripheral configuration and in size and shape. That is, they are the mirror images of each other. However, in rendering a desired decorative design element, the end regions may be configured asymmetric or non-identical to each other, as seen, for example, in  FIGS. 6-7 . 
         [0091]      FIGS. 1-5  further illustrate a decorative design element formed by a combination of the base, resilient and cover layers of dilator  10 , their peripheral boundaries, and surface areas defined by the peripheral boundaries: the base member may be interpreted as being in the shape of a banner; the resilient layer, or resilient member structure, may be interpreted as horizontal stripes; and the cover layer includes two spaced apart star-shaped members. To enhance the design element, each of the members may be in a color, such as, for example, red, white or blue. To further enhance the design element, each member may be imprinted with a design, represented by dashed lines, as shown, for example, in  FIG. 5 . The imprinted design may include the same or additional colors. 
         [0092]    Each member of each layer may contribute a portion of the decorative design element; the combined layers and members thus form the decorative design element as a whole. For example, the base layer (“banner”) contributes to device function by providing the primary engagement element by which the dilator is secured to the nose, as particularly seen in  FIG. 4 . The resilient member structure (“stripes”) contributes to device function in that it provides the resilient means, or resiliency, of the dilator, as discussed hereinbefore. The cover members (“stars”) may be configured to secure the end portions of the resilient members to the base layer. 
         [0093]    The decorative design element, or shaped design, may be configured, in part, without regard to the most efficient shape that could be used if dilator  10  were undecorated. For example, star shapes are not the most efficient shape for a nasal dilator cover member(s), but they nonetheless serve both device function as well as decorative function. One of ordinary skill in the art may observe that a conventional rectangular nasal dilator resilient member lends itself to the ‘stripes’ portion of the decorative design element depicted in the embodiment of  FIGS. 1-5 . However, other embodiments of the present invention illustrate that a resilient member structure may be shaped to render all or part of a shaped design as well as function with suitable resiliency. 
         [0094]    Dilator layers may be stacked in any order. For example, the base and cover layers may be interchanged, or the base and/or cover layers may be eliminated in whole or in part, or the cover layer may be interposed between the resilient layer and the skin surfaces engaged by the dilator. Any or all of resilient members  22   a ,  22   b  and  22   c  may alternatively be uppermost in the stacking order of the dilator layers. The cover layer is divided into two parts, or members, each member defining at least a portion of each end region of the dilator. Alternatively, the base and cover layers of the dilator may be fabricated concurrently so as to have the same peripheral shape, or the base and resilient layers may be fabricated concurrently to the same peripheral shape, or the base layer may have a greater surface than the resilient layer(s) but lesser than the cover layer. 
         [0095]    Where the base layer has a significantly lesser surface area than the cover layer, adhesive on the skin-engaging side of the base layer may be optionally eliminated in whole or part, creating an adhesive void thereat. With or without adhesive, the base layer may also serve as a compressible buffer between the device and the skin, as has been historically common in medical devices that remain in contact with the skin for any length of time. 
         [0096]      FIGS. 6-14  illustrate embodiments in accordance with the present invention wherein the layers of dilator  10  are peripherally shaped to complement each other to form the decorative design element. In  FIGS. 6 and 7 , resilient member  22  includes spring finger components extending outwardly from a common center. In  FIGS. 8-11 , a single resilient member has a plurality of openings shaped to artistically complement the resilient member peripheral outline. The dilator of  FIG. 6  has an asymmetric peripheral shape, while the dilator of  FIG. 8  is symmetric on both sides of its lateral centerline, b. In either instance, however, resilient member  22  is preferably configured to have similar resiliency, or spring biasing force, at both end regions of the dilator. 
         [0097]    An example of a directional element may be seen in the resilient members shown in  FIGS. 6 and 8 . Both are both shaped wider at a mid-portion thereof and narrower at each end portion, transitioning more or less gradiently from one to the other. The directional element thus gradiently reduces resiliency at the dilator end regions. 
         [0098]    In  FIGS. 6 and 8 , the engagement element is shaped to complement the shaped design formed by the resilient member periphery. In  FIG. 6 , base member  14 , though asymmetric, is configured to have substantially similar engagement surface area at each end region of the dilator. In  FIG. 8 , the base layer comprises two, or alternatively, three members ( 14   a ,  14   b  and  14   c ). The latter is particularly illustrated in  FIGS. 8 ,  9  and  11 , whereas  FIG. 10  shows base member  14   c  depicted in dashed lines to indicate that it may be optionally eliminated. A portion of resilient member  22  is also depicted in dashed lines to illustrate its position when secured to the base layer. 
         [0099]      FIGS. 12-16  illustrate embodiments of the present invention wherein a resilient member structure may form the dilator at least substantially in its entirety. To configure dilator  10  to function as desired, resilient member  22  includes a directional element in the form of openings within its periphery, and/or a lesser width at the end portions compared to the mid-portion, that gradiently reduces spring biasing forces at the end regions. The dilator of  FIGS. 12-14  is symmetric about its lateral centerline, while the dilator of  FIGS. 15-16  is asymmetric thereby. 
         [0100]    As further seen in  FIG. 14 , dilator  10  may include discreet spaced apart base members  14   a  and  14   b , secured to each end region, as seen, for example, in  FIG. 14 . For illustrative clarity,  FIGS. 13 and 14  depict the underside, or skin-facing side, of the dilator. Dilator  10  may also include one or more of a centrally located absorbent pad,  19 , secured to the underside, or skin-facing side, thereof. The pads prevent the dilator from contacting the skin at the bridge of the nose thereat. A contact void, v, adjacent thereto, extends approximately between the edges of pad  38  to the each edge of base members  14  at the dilator end regions. Like an adhesive void, contact void v allows less contact with the skin compared to a base layer with a continuous adhesive disposed on its skin-engaging side. Contact void v generally contributes to user comfort, and dilator  10  may be more easily removed from the skin surface with less stress thereto. Pad  19  may include an adhesive disposed on its skin-engaging surface, or not, as may be preferred. 
         [0101]      FIGS. 17-32  illustrate embodiments of the present invention wherein the resilient and engagement elements are disparately shaped, but artistically complementary. The embodiments also correspond to, or otherwise evoke, imagery or whimsy that may be generally recognizable. For example: ‘clouds and lightning’ as seen in  FIG. 17 ; an interpretation of the National Weather Service symbol for a tropical storm or hurricane as seen in  FIG. 19 ; a ‘spacecraft’ in  FIG. 21 ; and ‘superheroes’ as seen in  FIGS. 25-32 . 
         [0102]      FIGS. 21-24  further illustrate that multiple dilator layers may each contribute to the decorative design element. For example, cover layer  18  may be seen as a top-down plan view of an ‘interstellar spacecraft’; resilient member  22  and base member  14   b  may be seen as representing a ‘warp field’ generated by the craft; and base layer  14   a  may be seen as a symbol of an ‘interstellar cooperative body’ to which the craft belongs. The layers of the dilator seen in  FIGS. 21-24  may also be described in terms of their function and stacking order. For example: a shape corresponding to a spacecraft may function as the resilient layer or the cover layer; a shape(s) corresponding to a warp field may function as an engagement layer or resilient layer; and a shape corresponding to an interstellar body may be determined to function as an engagement layer or, alternatively, as a purely decorative layer. 
         [0103]    Combining a geometric shape, such as an ellipse or rhombus to the resilient member structure can help evenly distribute its spring constant, particularly as seen, for example, in  FIGS. 25 ,  27 ,  39 , and  44 - 47 . The combination is useful when, for example, it is desired that resilient member  22  form the decorative design element, but where the desired design is irregularly shaped, or cannot be rendered generally oblong, or does not have a length somewhat greater than its width. The combination of a shaped design and geometric shape may be coextensive, and thus fabricated from the same material, as seen, for example, in  FIGS. 25-26 ,  30 - 38 , and  68 - 70 . Alternatively, the combination may overlap or be overlaid, as seen, for example, in  FIGS. 21-24 ,  27 - 29 ,  39 - 55 , and  64 - 67 . 
         [0104]    A shaped design may be positioned substantially at the dilator intermediate region when combined with a geometric shape. The dimensions of upper and lower horizontal portions, p, of the geometric shape substantially determine the extent of resiliency it contributes to the resilient member structure, as seen, for example, in  FIGS. 25-26 ,  34 ,  38  and  66 . The dimensions of p must be taken into consideration when configuring the resilient member structure and its spring biasing properties. 
         [0105]      FIGS. 25 and 26  illustrate an example of a resilient member structure that combines an ellipse coextensively with a shaped design. The shaped design is contained substantially within the periphery of the ellipse, oriented generally horizontally between its opposite ends. The ellipse is preferably configured to artistically complement the shaped design as well as complement the resiliency that will result from the shaped design&#39;s overall dimensions. In this case, the ellipse is substantially symmetric about its lateral and longitudinal centerlines, and gives the resilient member structure a length to width ratio conducive to rendering suitable spring biasing force. Overall, resilient member  22  has slightly greater surface area at its mid-portion, and slightly less surface area at its ends, resulting in a roughly gradiently tapered overall width/surface area that generally results in gradiently reduced resiliency at each end region of dilator  10 . 
         [0106]    Nasal dilator devices of the present invention may include resilient member structure comprising two or more resilient members arranged in a spatial relationship, such as adjacent, or overlapping or overlaid one atop another. For example, a shaped design may be combined with one or more generally oblong or somewhat rectangular resilient members, as seen, for example, in  FIGS. 27-29  and  42 - 55 . 
         [0107]    In  FIGS. 27-29  a shaped design and a geometric diamond are combined into resilient member  22   c . In  FIGS. 42-43  several interconnected shapes (symbols, characters, or the like) extend across at least the intermediate region of dilator  10 . In both instances, resilient member  22   c  overlaps a pair of elongated, generally rectangular resilient members  22   a  and  22   b , which extend from one dilator end region to the opposite end region. Resilient members  22   a  and  22   b  are generally oblong, and as seen in  FIGS. 27-29 , are slightly wider in the middle and narrower at each end, their peripheral outlines being somewhat angular so as to artistically complement the angular lines seen in the other layers of dilator  10 . 
         [0108]      FIGS. 27-29  further illustrate two shaped cover members  18   a  and  18   b , their peripheral outlines corresponding to the dilator end region outer edges while the inside edges frame resilient member  22   c . Base member  14  defines the overall periphery of dilator  10 , but could be configured match the periphery of the resilient members, or be configured to have lesser surface area than the base member, or a greater surface area than any of the resilient members. 
         [0109]    Where a shaped design is centrally located in the intermediate region of dilator  10 , the spring constant of the resilient member structure may be significantly lesser at the dilator end regions. Accordingly, resilient member  22   c  may be of a thinner or softer preferred material so that when combined with resilient members  22   a  and  22   b , the dilator&#39;s spring constant is more evenly distributed along the length of dilator  10 . Alternatively, resilient member  22   c  may be configured by material type or thickness to contribute more or less resiliency to the resilient member structure. For example, a preferred resilient element material having a higher flexural, tensile or elastic modulus may be correspondingly thinner. A thicker material, which would render a more three-dimensional shaped design, may preferably have comparatively lesser flexural, tensile or elastic modulus values. ( FIG. 27  illustrates an example of the former,  FIG. 64  illustrates an example of the latter.) Alternatively, resilient member  22   c  could be configured as primarily, substantially, or purely decorative. 
         [0110]    A shaped design in a resilient member structure may include spring finger components,  23 , extending outward to each end region of dilator  10 , terminating at or near the end edges thereof, as seen, for example, in  FIGS. 30-38 . In these instances, the resilient member structure is a single, coextensive unit, rather than one resilient member overlaid onto another. 
         [0111]    Spring finger components  23  may be any shape or configuration; they may be straight or curve, or have a constant or tapered width. They may be of any length or width, but are preferably substantially uniform or otherwise consistent with the dilator&#39;s design element. Spring fingers  23  may be separated by a slot or elongated opening, which defines lateral spacing, or distance, between the spring finger inside long edges. The spaced apart spring fingers also allow greater axial torsional flexibility so that dilator  10  may more closely conform to the skin surface of the nose. 
         [0112]    As particularly seen in  FIG. 31 , spring fingers  23  may terminate inboard of the end edges of dilator  10  such that engagement material extends around the spring finger terminal ends for securing dilator end regions to the skin surface of the nose. (Alternatively, resilient member terminal ends may extend to, and conform with, the dilator&#39;s end edges, as seen, for example, in  FIGS. 27-29  and  33 - 60 .) 
         [0113]    Resilient member terminal ends may also conform with corresponding scalloped dilator end edges that form a horizontal protrusion thereat., When the dilator is flexed across the nose, the horizontal protrusion separates slightly from the skin and changes the angle of spring biasing forces, shifting a portion of spring biasing forces from primarily peel forces to primarily shear forces. Shear forces are more easily withstood by the adhesives typically used to adhere medical devices to human skin, thus adhesive engagement to the nasal outer wall tissues may be improved as a result. 
         [0114]    Spring fingers  23  may be aligned so as to generally correspond with horizontal portions of a shaped design. For example,  FIG. 32  separates the resilient member along imaginary dashed lines that correspond to the shaped design horizontal portions. The resilient member structure may thus be figuratively viewed as three laterally adjacent, parallel, generally oblong resilient members. Each member is wider at its mid-portion, having more surface area thereat, than at its terminal ends. 
         [0115]      FIG. 37  illustrates another example of aligning spring fingers with horizontal portions of a centrally located shaped design. Spring fingers  23  extend approximately from the horizontal portions p of the shaped design. Additionally, spring fingers  23  are angled so their ends terminate substantially equidistant from longitudinal centerline a. Artistically, the angled fingers form part of the decorative design element. 
         [0116]    The embodiments of  FIGS. 33-36  also include coextensive spring fingers  23  extending outward from a centrally positioned shaped design.  FIGS. 33-34  illustrates that a portion of the shaped design may be formed by similarly shaped openings within its periphery, rendering three staggered shapes. Alternatively,  FIGS. 35-36  illustrate that those same shapes,  22   x , may be overlaid onto resilient member  22 .  FIG. 35  further illustrates the addition of cover members  18   a  and  18   b  shaped to artistically complement the design element. 
         [0117]      FIGS. 39-41  illustrate a plurality of spring finger components  23  that are an integral part of the dilator&#39;s design element yet are entirely functional. The fingers fan out laterally, corresponding and conforming with similarly shaped base member  14  and shaped cover members  18   a  and  18   b . The effect may be artistically viewed as a pair of wings with feathers emanating outward. The design element further includes a shaped design symbol as resilient member  22   b . As discussed hereinbefore, since portions p of resilient member  22   b  are relatively slight, it may be formed more or less rigid or thick, or more or less decorative or functional, as may be desired. 
         [0118]    A design element may also include a plurality of symbols, shapes, characters, or the like, overlaid onto and extending along some, most, or all of the length of one or more generally oblong or rectangular resilient members, as seen, for example, in  FIGS. 42-52 . 
         [0119]    A plurality of symbols may be joined together coextensively to form a shaped design, as seen, for example, in resilient member  22   c  of  FIG. 43 . The shaped design is overlaid onto a pair of spaced apart, substantially rectangular resilient members  22   a  and  22   b . In the present instance, however, resilient member  22   c  forms substantially all of the decorative design element. 
         [0120]    In  FIGS. 44-52 , a plurality of design shapes  22   x  (symbols, characters, or the like) are spaced apart along at least one oblong resilient member. As seen in  FIG. 46 , each shape is secured to a pair of spaced apart parallel resilient members, the shapes spanning the lateral distance between, and aligning with, outer long edges of the resilient members. An additional shaped design, depicted as resilient member  22   c  (but which could alternatively be a base member), artistically complements the design element. Additionally, the engagement corner tabs,  35 , of the base layer are shaped, or configured, to artistically complement the design element. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that absent their design elements, the dilators of  FIGS. 43 and 45  could otherwise be viewed as a substantially conventional two-band nasal dilator. 
         [0121]      FIGS. 47-55  illustrate examples of a design element incorporated into nasal dilator resilient member structures having three resilient members, or three resilient members having end portions that diverge to discreet engagement contact points, or two resilient members, respectively. In each case the design element includes a plurality of discreet shaped designs (symbols, characters, or the like), either overlaid onto, or coextensive with, at least one resilient member. An additional resilient member  22   d  may be in the form of a geometric shape, as discussed hereinbefore, as part of the resilient member structure. Base member  14  is configured to further artistically complement the design element. 
         [0122]    The dilator of  FIGS. 47-49  includes three rectangular, spaced apart, substantially parallel resilient members  22   a ,  22   b  and  22   c . A bonding member,  16 , as seen, for example, in  FIG. 49 , may be positioned between any two layers or members of dilator  10  to secure them together and/or space them apart vertically. Bonding member  16  may comprise an adhesive substance, a carrier material, or a carrier material with an adhesive substance disposed on one or both flat surface sides whereby to bond two dilator layers or members together. In this case, bonding member  16  secures at least some of shapes  22   x  to resilient member  22   c . Some shapes  22   x  may be secured to rhombus-shaped resilient member  22   d.    
         [0123]    The dilator of  FIGS. 50-52  includes resilient member  22   a  extending substantially along the longitudinal centerline thereof, plus resilient members  22   b  and  22   c  laterally adjacent to each side thereof. Resilient members  22   b  and  22   c  have divergent end portions that artistically complement a rhombus shape, which in turn frames a plurality of symbols or characters. The divergent end portions also laterally spread spring biasing forces of dilator  10  to a greater lateral extent than, for example, the dilator of  FIG. 47  or  53 . The resilient members terminate at three discreet engagement contact points spaced apart along the lateral ends of the dilator.  FIG. 52  further illustrates, by dashed lines, optional cover members  18   a  and  18   b , shaped to artistically complement the centrally located rhombus shape. The cover members correspond to the outer edges of each end region of the dilator, the outer edges themselves shaped to artistically complement the decorative design element. 
         [0124]    The decorative design element of the dilator of  FIGS. 53-55  includes a plurality of shaped symbols or characters that extend coextensively between a pair of spaced apart, substantially parallel, oblong resilient members. The characters interconnect the two spaced apart resilient members along their respective inside long edges so as to form a single coextensive unit, resilient member,  22   a.    
         [0125]      FIG. 55  further illustrates resilient members  22   b  and  22   c  positioned along the long edges of resilient member  22   a . Resilient members  22   b  and  22   c  are meant to more clearly define the plurality of shapes extending along resilient member  22   a , by effectively providing a sharp long edge that allows the characters to more clearly stand out (as more clearly seen in  FIG. 53 ). Resilient members  22   b  and  22   c  may be more functional or less functional (i.e., having greater or lesser resiliency), depending upon the degree of resiliency configured into resilient member  22   a . Alternatively, resilient members  22   b  and  22   c  could be configured instead as primarily decorative, or further alternatively, as bonding members ( 16 ), as described with regard to  FIG. 49 . 
         [0126]    The dilator of  FIGS. 56-59  illustrate a design element formed by adjacent long edges of two spaced apart resilient members. A portion of the shaped design is defined by each long edge of the adjacent resilient members, such that the space between the adjacent resilient members substantially forms the interior thereof. That space is a portion of the surface area of the engagement element underneath the adjacent resilient members, which is preferably in a contrasting color so as to highlight the decorative design element, as particularly illustrated in  FIG. 56 . 
         [0127]    For illustrative clarity,  FIG. 58  shows resilient members  20   a  and  20   b  spaced apart as well as proximate each other as seen in  FIGS. 56 and 57 . The two facing inside edges, combined, form the periphery of the shaped design—in the present example, a plurality of interconnected symbols or characters.  FIG. 58  further illustrates that the shaping of the resilient members&#39; inside long edges may extend inward in part, effectively narrowing the resilient member width/surface area thereat. To maintain a consistency of width, as well as more artistically frame the shaped design, the opposite, outer, long edge may also be similarly shaped, but extending outward, so as to be roughly consistent with those portions of the inside long edge extending inward. 
         [0128]    Alternatively,  FIGS. 59-60  show the resilient member outside long edges curved arcuately, which creates greater width along the resilient members&#39; mid-portions—in lieu of shaping the outside long edges as just described. Additionally, the curve allows for a gradient decrease in width/surface area, and thus gradiently reduced resiliency at the dilator end regions, as discussed hereinbefore. 
         [0129]    Artistically, the arcuate shape visually frames the shaped design formed by the resilient members&#39; inside long edges. Corner tabs  35  of dilator  10  are also shaped to artistically complement the arcuate shape of the resilient member structure. 
         [0130]    The dilator of  FIGS. 61-63  shows that resilient members  22   a  and  22   b , as seen in  FIG. 60 , may be interconnected at or near their terminal ends so as to form a single coextensive structure having an elliptical periphery with a shaped design formed within the periphery.  FIG. 63  illustrates base member  14  having substantially the same peripheral shape as resilient member  22 . Discreet cover members  18   a  and  18   b  are also shaped to artistically complement the shape of resilient member  22 . An additional cover member  18   c  includes an ellipse and a shaped design formed within its elliptical periphery, the ellipse artistically framing the shaped design of resilient member  22 . Cover member  18   c  could optionally, or alternatively, be configured as an additional resilient member. 
         [0131]    The design elements of dilators  10  as seen in  FIGS. 64-67  are configured around a plurality of artistically complementary ellipses and/or curved lines. All of the layers of dilator  10  contribute to the design element, as described hereinbefore. Base member  14  defines a general periphery of dilator  10 , and discreet cover members  18   a  and  18   b  match the end portions of base member  14  and artistically frame the outside edges of resilient member  22   b , a complete shaped design by itself. As particularly seen in  FIG. 66 , resilient member  22   a  is shaped as an ellipse, but may alternatively be any suitable oblong shape. Resilient member  22   b  is interposed horizontally between cover members  18   a  and  18   b.    
         [0132]    As discussed hereinbefore, a shaped design may be fabricated from a softer, thicker material so as to accentuate a three-dimensional appearance. Horizontal portions p of resilient member  22   b  are relatively narrow, so greater thickness or rigidity, as discussed hereinbefore, may be preferable. 
         [0133]      FIGS. 68-70  illustrate a plurality of interconnected, but coextensive complementary ellipses that together form a shaped design resilient member structure. The peripheral shape of base member  14  corresponds to the periphery of resilient member  22 . Alternatively, the resilient member structure could be formed by a plurality of individual ellipses overlaid or overlapping onto one another. (Similarly, a combination of ellipses could be coextensive, with one or more additional ellipses overlaid thereon.) Discreet cover members  18  are configured to enhance the ellipses at the center of the shaped design, as particularly seen in  FIG. 68 . 
         [0134]    It is appreciated that in many embodiments of the present invention, the design element contributes to or affects the resilient spring force of the dilator. Thus, one useful way of distinguishing an inventive article from the prior art is to consider the resilient force of the dilator in question, compared to a dilator without the decorative design element. In many embodiments, the two dilators will have different spring forces. That is, removing the design element alters the spring force. A non-functional and purely decorative design, such as a printed design, would not materially alter the spring force of the printed dilator compared to an unadorned dilator. 
         [0135]    The foregoing descriptions and illustrations are intended to reveal the scope and spirit of the present invention and should not be interpreted as limiting, but rather as illustrative of the inventive concepts and techniques thereof. Insubstantial changes, modifications and alterations of the present disclosure are intended to be fully covered hereby.