Abstract:
An arrangement for cleaning of intake air for an air-cooled internal combustion engine of a motor-driven tool, such as a chain saw. The arrangement includes an air conductor surrounding a fan wheel arranged to propel intake air around an axis of the fan wheel. An inner wall of the air conductor is arranged for guiding air propelled by the fan wheel. An air nozzle for cleaning of intake air is arranged on the inner wall of the air conductor radially close to said fan wheel. The air nozzle serves as a passage way for providing cleaned intake air from the fan wheel to the engine of the motor-driven tool, wherein the air nozzle and the air conductor are manufactured in one piece.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0001]    The present invention relates to an arrangement related to a motor-driven tool, such as a chain saw, hedge trimmer or the like. More particularly, it relates to an arrangement for cleaning intake air for an internal combustion engine intended for such a motor-driven tool. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    Many types of working tools, such as chain saws, hedge trimmers, grass trimmers and other cutting machines operate in dusty environments. Also, the tools themselves are supplying surrounding air with lots of particles from the material that is tooled, e.g. wood, concrete, grass etc. 
         [0003]    Traditionally, airfilters are used for cleaning intake air to the engine. However, these airfilters will soon be stopped up by larger or smaller particles and must therefore be exchanged and cleaned often, e.g. for a professional lumberjack working all day with a chain saw, typically once a day. 
         [0004]    In order to reduce the need for maintenance of the air filter, it is desirable to clean the intake air before it reaches the air filter of the engine. Such cleaning of intake air can be achieved by centrifugal cleaning. For this reason, different types of deflection cleaners have been designed. In several cases deflection takes place at the inlet of a duct or similar, which debouches in a carburettor area, where the air filter and the carburettor is situated. 
         [0005]    U.S. Pat. No. 4,716,860, U.S. Pat. No. 4,841,920, WO97/44582 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,720,243 show examples of such arrangements for cleaning of intake air. The arrangements shown in these documents utilize a fan wheel as a centrifuge for separating particles from the intake air, and a duct or an air nozzle with an inlet placed close to the fan wheel and an outlet placed near the air filter of the engine. As is shown in e.g. U.S. Pat. No. 5,720,243, the inlet of the air nozzle is placed adjacent to the fan wheel with a distance to the periphery of a surrounding fan housing. Since particles are thrown against the periphery of the fan housing due to the centrigual force, and since the inlet of the duct or air nozzle is placed adjacent to the fan wheel with a distance to the fan housing, the air that flows into the inlet of the air nozzle is substantially free from particles. 
         [0006]    The prior art arrangements described above are relatively expensive to produce and to assemble in a hand-held motor-driven tool, and there is always a desire to produce and assemble tools as cost-effective as possible. Also, in the prior art arrangements there is a risk that a small opening or slot will exist between the fan housing and the air nozzle, after the air nozzle and the fan housing has been assembled, through which opening air may slip through. This may result in a pressure fall and turbulence in the air which would result in a less effective cleaning of the intake air. Therefore, there is a need to provide a motor-driven tool with an arrangement for cleaning of intake air which is effective in cleaning the intake air and at the same time cost-effective to produce and assemble. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0007]    An object of the invention is to provide an arrangement for cleaning of intake air for an internal combustion engine of a motor-driven tool, which arrangement is cost-effective to produce and to assemble onto a tool, and which can filter out a high degree of particles. 
         [0008]    This is achieved with an arrangement according to the preamble of claim  1 , in which the air nozzle and the air conductor are manufactured in one piece. Thereby, the air nozzle and the air conductor can be manufactured in one step instead of in separate steps, and the manufactured air conductor including the air nozzle can be assembled as one unit onto a crankcase of the tool. This results in a quick and thereby cost-effective manufacturing of the arrangement and assembling of the arrangement onto a crankcase of the tool. Another advantage is that an airtight seal is achieved between the air nozzle and the air conductor such that there is no risk of air slipping through close to the opening of the air nozzle, between a wall of the air nozzle and the air conductor. 
         [0009]    Since the passage way of the air nozzle is created from surfaces of the air conductor, the air nozzle and also the tool&#39;s crankcase on which the air conductor including the air nozzle is arranged according to claim  2 , it is possible to easily and reliably assemble the air conductor including the air nozzle onto the crankcase. 
         [0010]    According to claim  3 , an end part of a wall of the air nozzle that is arranged close to the inlet of the air nozzle, is formed such that it is directed towards the fan wheel. Thereby, particles that are blown by the fan wheel close to the inlet may be hindered to enter the inlet due to the shape of the wall, which results in a better cleaning of the intake air. 
         [0011]    By arranging a protrusion on the tool&#39;s crankcase, which protrusion defines a wall of the passage way of the air nozzle according to claim  4 , the inlet of the air nozzle will be spaced from the crankcase, thereby being able to filter out particles in an even higher degree. Another advantage with such an arrangement is that the air conductor including the air nozzle comes to rest on the protrusion, when assembled onto the crankcase. Thereby, the air conductor including the air nozzle can be reliably assembled in one step onto the crankcase without having to use screws or similar attachment means, which results in an even quicker and more cost-effective assembling of the tool. This assembling will be especially reliable if a part or parts of the tool surrounding the air conductor, e.g. a starter of the tool, is arranged close to the air conductor in such a way that the air conductor including the air nozzle is pushed onto the crankcase by the surrounding part of the tool. 
         [0012]    Also, the protrusion can be manufactured as an integral part of the crankcase, as mentioned in claim  5 . By manufacturing the protrusion as an integral part of the crankcase, no separate step of assembling such a protrusion to the crankcase has to be taken, which means a cost-effective manufacture of the protrusion. 
         [0013]    By arranging the protrusion such that a wall of protrusion, which wall defines the passage way of the air nozzle, is rounded in a direction towards the opening of the crankcase, as claimed in claim  6 , a flow of air with low turbulence is achieved in the passage way, which results in a high flow of the air flowing through the passage way. 
         [0014]    By arranging the protrusion with a recess according to claim  7 , a stable manufacturing process of the crankcase will be achieved. Also, a thin material thickness, which is the result of producing the protrusion with a recess, results in a short manufacturing process when the crankcase is manufactured by injection moulding. 
         [0015]    By manufacturing the air nozzle and the air conductor in an injection moulding process as mentioned in claim  8 , a quick and cost-effective manufacturing of the parts can be achieved. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0016]    The invention will in the following be described in more detail with reference to the enclosed drawings, in which: 
           [0017]      FIG. 1  schematically shows a front view of a fan wheel and an air conductor that could be inserted in a crankcase of a tool in which the arrangement of the invention can be used. 
           [0018]      FIG. 2  shows schematically a perspective view of a crankcase. 
           [0019]      FIG. 3  shows schematically a perspective view of an air conductor and an air nozzle according to the invention. 
           [0020]      FIG. 4  illustrates an exploded view in perspective of the crankcase of  FIG. 2  and the air conductor including the air nozzle of  FIG. 3 . 
           [0021]      FIG. 5  illustrates a close-up view of a part of  FIG. 4  when the air conductor including the air nozzle is assembled onto the crankcase. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
       [0022]      FIG. 2  shows a crankcase  30  of a chain saw, which incorporates a combustion engine. The crankcase  30  has a recess  35  in which a fan wheel  40  ( FIG. 1 ) is placed. The fan wheel is assembled on an axle  50 , usually the engine&#39;s crankshaft. The fan wheel  40  is arranged to be propelled around the axle such that air from the environment around the tool is taken into the fan wheel and propelled into different parts of the tool. This intake air propelled by the fan wheel is used for cooling of parts of the tool and as combustion air for the engine. A wall of the recess of  35  of the crankcase  30  which surrounds the periphery of the fan wheel  40  is preferably arranged such that the distance between the periphery of the fan wheel  40  and the wall is increasing in a direction to an area where air exits the wheel (see  FIG. 1 ). 
         [0023]    The fan wheel  40  is also covered by an air conductor  10  arranged on the crankcase  30 , in such a way that the recess  35  of the crankcase and the air conductor  10  houses the fan wheel. In  FIG. 1 , which shows a front view of the fan wheel and the air conductor, the air conductor  10  partly hides the fan wheel  40 . Although, in other embodiments, the air conductor may be more narrow, such that it does not hide the fan wheel  40 . The propagation of the air propelled by the fan wheel is limited by the wall of the recess  35  in the crankcase  30  and by the inner surface  11  of the air conductor  10  (see  FIG. 3 ). 
         [0024]    Since the intake air contains particles from the surrounding environment, the part of the intake air that is used as combustion air for the engine, for example directed to a carburettor of the engine, has to be cleaned from particles before it reaches the carburettor. For this reason, there is an air filter (not shown) that the intake air is taken through after leaving the fan wheel and before it reaches the carburettor. 
         [0025]    The arrangement of the invention also has an air nozzle  20  (see  FIG. 3 ) arranged on the air conductor  10 , which air nozzle  20  serves as a passage way for combustion air, i.e. air used for the engine, which air is taken to the air filter. The air nozzle  20  together with the air conductor  10  functions as an arrangement according to the invention for cleaning of intake air, before the intake air reaches the air filter. Thereby, the air filter does not have to be exchanged as often as if the intake air is taken directly to the air filter, without cleaning. 
         [0026]    The air nozzle  20  has an inlet  21 . By arranging the air nozzle  20  on the air conductor  10  such that the inlet  21  is spaced from the periphery of the air conductor  10 , (see e.g.  FIGS. 3 and 5 ) only air that has a low concentration of particles will enter the inlet. I.e. the inlet  21  is placed such that only air with a low concentration of particles will enter the inlet  21  of the air nozzle. For this reason, the inlet  21  is also preferably arranged adjacent to the periphery of the fan wheel. For the same reason, the inlet is also preferably arranged spaced apart from the recess  35  of the crankcase  30 , although the inlet  21  might also be arranged without a spacing to the recess  35  of the crankcase. 
         [0027]    The air nozzle  20  also has an outlet  22  connected to an opening  32  of the crankcase  30 , which opening  32  is connected to a space close to the engine in which the air filter is situated, e.g. an inner space  31  of the tool. Due to the centrifugal force, the particles in the intake air will be propelled close to the periphery of the air conductor  10  and the wall of the crankcase recess  35 . By arranging the inlet of the air nozzle spaced apart from the periphery of the air conductor, the air that will flow into the inlet  21  will have a low concentration of particles. 
         [0028]    According to the invention, the air nozzle  20  is arranged on the inner wall  11  of the air conductor  10 , and the air conductor  10  and the air nozzle  20  are manufactured in one piece. Thereby, the manufacturing process of the air conductor and the air nozzle would be simpler, and thereby cost-effective, compared to manufacturing two separate pieces. In addition, the assembling procedure of the air conductor including the air nozzle onto a crankcase of the tool would be quick since it will comprise only one step. Another advantage with the invention is that there is no risk that air may flow through a possible small opening between an air conductor and an air nozzle, which opening may occur when assembling an air conductor and an air nozzle manufactured as two separate parts. Such an opening may result in a pressure fall in the passage way of the air nozzle and that air comprising particles may enter the air nozzle. 
         [0029]    The piece is made of a material which is easy to manufacture and form during the manufacturing process but rigid and durable in normal conditions, for example rigid plastic, manufactured by a plastic moulding process, such as injection moulding. 
         [0030]    As shown in e.g.  FIG. 2 , the crankcase  30  further comprises a protrusion  33  arranged immediately below an opening  32  of the crankcase, which opening is connected to the inner space  31  of the tool. The protrusion  33  defines a wall of the passage way created by the air nozzle (see  FIG. 5 ). Thanks to the protrusion  33 , only intake air, which is propelled spaced from the bottom of the recess  35 , will be led into the inlet  21 . Also, due to the protrusion  33  defining the inner wall of the passage way of the air nozzle, the air conductor with the air nozzle can be assembled in one step onto the crankcase and rest on the protrusion and thereby stay in place on the crankcase  30 . By arranging the protrusion  33  on the recess of the crankcase, the air conductor  10  including the air nozzle  20  can be securely arranged on the crankcase  30  without an attachment element needing a tool for the attachment procedure, such as a screw. Also, since no screws or other similar attachment elements are used for the assembling of the air conductor including the air nozzle onto the crankcase, consequently no tool has to be used for disassembling the air conductor including the air nozzle. 
         [0031]    In the  FIGS. 2-4 , an exemplary embodiment of the attachment used for attaching the air conductor  10  including the air nozzle  20  to the crankcase  30  is shown. Here, the air conductor  10  is arranged on the crankcase  30  by the air nozzle  20  resting on the protrusion  33  and by inserting a protrusion  36  of the crankcase into a hole  12  of the air conductor  10 . The air conductor  10  including the air nozzle  20  is then kept in place reliably. This is also achieved due to an arrangement of the tool surrounding the air conductor, e.g. a starter of the tool, pushing the air conductor and the air nozzle towards the crankcase. 
         [0032]    The protrusion  33  may, according to an embodiment, have a substantially centrally arranged cavity  34 . Thereby, material will be spared when manufacturing the crankcase and the protrusion. Also, the manufacturing process will be shorter and more stable. The crankcase  30  is manufactured from a mouldable material, which is rigid and durable in normal conditions, for example rigid plastic. It may be manufactured by for example injection moulding. In an alternative embodiment, the crankcase  30  is manufactured from metal in e.g. a die cast procedure. 
         [0033]    A wall  37  of the protrusion  33 , which wall  37  defines the passage way for air taken through the air nozzle  20 , is rounded (see  FIGS. 2 and 5 ). The rounding of wall  37  starts close to the inlet  21  of the air nozzle  20  and ends close to the outlet  22  of the air nozzle. Thereby, there will be less air turbulence compared to if the protrusion  33  would have two perpendicularly arranged walls connected by a corner, or if such a wall  37  has a small rounding starting and ending close to such a corner. 
         [0034]      FIG. 3  shows an embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention with the air conductor  10  and the air nozzle  20  arranged in one piece. The air nozzle  20  in this embodiment has a first wall  23  and a second wall  24  extending substantially perpendicular to the inner wall  11  of the air conductor  10 . The first and the second walls are connected by a third wall  27 . The first wall  23  being arranged between the fan wheel  40  and the second wall  24 . The second wall also has a flange  28  for directing air intended for cooling of the tool, which flange  28  extends from the third wall  27  in a direction away from the inlet  21 . The first wall  23  and the second wall  24  each has a main part extending substantially tangential to the fan wheel. The first wall  23  and the second wall  24  each has end parts  25 ,  26  close to the inlet ( 21 ), which end parts are directed towards the fan wheel. 
         [0035]    Although the arrangement of the invention has mainly been described for a chain saw, it might as well be used for any other motor-driven tool having an internal combustion engine, such as a clearing saw, a brush cutter, a hedge trimmer, a grass trimmer or a lawnmower. 
         [0036]    In the drawings and specification, there have been disclosed preferred embodiments and examples of the invention and, although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for the purpose of limitation, the scope of the invention being set forth in the following claims.