Abstract:
A constant temperature crystal oscillator includes on a circuit substrate: a surface-mount crystal resonator which is provided with two crystal terminals as mount terminals and a dummy terminal on the bottom surface, and has a metal cover; an oscillation circuit element which forms an oscillation circuit together with the crystal resonator; and a temperature control element which keeps a constant operation temperature of the crystal resonator, in which the temperature control element includes at least a heating chip resistor, a power transistor for supplying electric power to the chip resistor, and a temperature sensitive resistor for detecting the operation temperature of the crystal resonator, wherein a dummy terminal on the substrate side of the circuit substrate for connection to the dummy terminal of the crystal resonator is connected to a resistor terminal on the substrate side to which the temperature sensitive resistor is connected through a conductive path.

Description:
This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. 119 to Japanese Application No. 2005-092067, filed Mar. 28, 2005 and Japanese Application No. 2006-023865, filed Jan. 31, 2006, which applications are incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
   1. Field of the Invention 
   The present invention relates to a constant temperature crystal oscillator (hereinafter referred to as a constant temperature oscillator) using a surface-mount crystal resonator (hereinafter referred to as a surface-mount resonator), and more specifically to a constant temperature oscillator which excels in response characteristic to a temperature change. 
   2. Description of the Related Art 
   Generally, a constant temperature oven has been used for a constant temperature oscillator. Since the operation temperature of a crystal resonator can be kept constant, the frequency stability is high (the frequency deviation is approximately 0.05 ppm or lower). For example, it is used for the communication facilities of a base station for optical communications, etc. Recently, these communication facilities have become downsized. In this connection, a surface-mount resonator has been widely adopted. The Applicant of the present invention has disclosed one of these facilities (Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-157072). 
     FIGS. 1A ,  1 B,  2 A, and  2 B are explanatory views showing a related art.  FIG. 1A  is a sectional view of a constant temperature oscillator.  FIG. 1B  is a plan view of the first substrate.  FIG. 2A  is a sectional view of a surface-mount resonator.  FIG. 2B  is a bottom view. 
   The constant temperature oscillator has a surface-mount resonator  1 A, an oscillation circuit element  1  for forming an oscillation circuit together with the resonator, and a temperature control element  2  for keeping a constant operation temperature of the surface-mount resonator  1 A arranged on a circuit substrate  3 , and these components are airtightly sealed in a metal container  4 . The surface-mount resonator  1 A fixes a crystal element  7  using a conductive adhesive  6  on the inside bottom portion of a concave ceramic container body  5 , a metal cover  8  is used as a cover and airtightly seals the entire structure. 
   At the four corners of the outside bottom portion (reverse side) of the container body  5 , crystal terminals  9   a  and dummy terminals  9   b  are provided as mount terminals for a set substrate of a wireless equipment, etc. The crystal terminals  9   a  (two terminals) are provided at a set of diagonal portions, and connected to an excitation electrode (not shown in the attached drawings) of the crystal element. The dummy terminals  9   b  (two terminals) are provided at the other diagonal portions, and are normally connected to the metal cover  8  using a via hole, etc. (not shown in the attached drawings), and function as, for example, grounding terminals connected to a grounding pattern (not shown in the attached drawings) of the substrate. 
   The temperature control element  2  keeps the constant operation temperature of the surface-mount resonator  1 A, and includes at least a heating chip resistor  2   a  (for example, two resistors), a power transistor  2   b  for supplying power to the resistors, and a temperature sensitive resistor  2   c  for detecting the operation temperature of the surface-mount resonator  1 A. The temperature sensitive resistor  2   c  is assumed to be a thermistor indicating a decreasing resistance value with an increasing temperature. The power transistor  2   b  provides the power controlled by the resistance value based on the temperature of the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c  for the heating chip resistor  2   a . Thus, the operation temperature of the surface-mount resonator  1 A is kept constant. 
   The circuit substrate circuit substrate  3  includes a first substrate  3   a  and a second substrate  3   b , and the second substrate  3   b  is held by a metal pin  10   a  on the first substrate  3   a . The first substrate  3   a  is made of a glass epoxy material, and the oscillation circuit element  1  excluding the surface-mount resonator  1 A is arranged on the bottom surface. The second substrate  3   b  is made of a ceramic material, and has the crystal resonator  1 A arranged on the top surface, and has the chip resistor  2   a  and the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c  excluding the power transistor  2   b  in the temperature control element  2  arranged on the bottom surface. 
   Between the first substrate  3   a  and the second substrate  3   b , a silicon base thermal conductive resin  11  is applied for covering the chip resistor  2   a  and the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c . Since the power transistor  2   b  is long in height, it is arranged on the terminal side of the first substrate  3   a . The metal container  4  is formed by a metal base  4   a  and a cover  4   b . An airtight terminal  10   b  of the metal base  4   a  holds the first substrate  3   a , and the cover  4   b  airtightly sealed by resistance welding. The dummy terminal  9   b  as a grounding terminal of the crystal resonator  1 A is connected to the airtight terminal  10   b  for grounding through the conductive path (grounding pattern) not shown in the attached drawings and the metal pin  10   a.    
   In this example, electric power is supplied to the heating chip resistor  2   a  by, for example, a well-known temperature control circuit shown in  FIG. 3A . That is, a temperature sensitive voltage by the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c  and a resistor Ra is applied to one input terminal of an operational amplifier  12 , and a reference voltage by resistors Rb and Rc is applied to the other input terminal. Then, the reference temperature difference voltage from the reference voltage is applied to the base of the power transistor  2   b , and electric power is supplied from the direct current voltage DC to the heating chip resistor  2   a . Thus, the electric power to the heating chip resistor  2   a  can be controlled by the resistance value depending on the temperature of the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c.    
   Normally, before connecting the metal cover  4   b  by setting the first and second circuit substrates  3   a  and  3   b  to the metal base  4   a , for example, the frequency temperature characteristic as the cubic curve shown in  FIG. 3B  of the surface-mount resonator  1 A as, for example, AT cut is individually measured. When the temperature as the minimum value at the high temperature side of the operation temperature of the surface-mount resonator  1 A is, for example, 80° C., the resistor Ra of the temperature control circuit is controlled and the surface-mount resonator  1 A is set to 80° C. Then, the control capacitor (not shown in the attached drawings) of the oscillation circuit matches the oscillation frequency f with the nominal frequency. Thus, the resistor Ra and the control elements  13  which require exchange such as the control capacitor, etc. are arranged on the perimeter of the first substrate  3   a  horizontally projecting from the second substrate  3   b  ( FIG. 1 ). 
   With the above-mentioned configuration, the conventional constant temperature oven not shown in the attached drawings is not used, and the heating chip resistor  2   a  is used as a heat source. Therefore, the entire system can be basically downsized. Then, the second substrate  3   b  having the surface-mount resonator  1 A, the chip resistor  2   a , and the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c  is a highly thermal conductive ceramic material. These components are covered with a thermal conductive resin. Therefore, the operation temperature of the surface-mount resonator  1 A can be directly detected by the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c , and the response characteristic to a temperature change can be improved. 
   However, in the constant temperature oscillator with the above-mentioned configuration, although the surface-mount resonator  1 A and the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c  are arranged on both main surface sides of the second substrate  3   b  which is made of a highly thermal conductive ceramic material, the thermal conductivity is low (poor thermal conductivity) as compared with copper (Cu), gold (Au), etc. as a wiring pattern, for example. Therefore, since the resistance value of the temperature sensitive resistor is not immediately changed in synchronization with the operation temperature of the surface-mount resonator, and the operation temperature cannot be detected in real time, there has been the problem that the response characteristic to an ambient temperature is poor. 
   Since the first substrate  3   a  and the second substrate  3   b  are arranged up and down by the metal pin  10   a , the number of production processes can be increased and the height is increased. Furthermore, since the second substrate  3   b  is made of a ceramic material, it is more expensive than a substrate of a glass epoxy material. In addition, since the power transistor  2   b  of the temperature control element  2  is long in height, it is arranged on the first substrate  3   a  aside from the second substrate  3   b  on which the chip resistor  2   a  is arranged. Therefore, the liberated heat from the power transistor  2   b  can be prevented from being effectively used. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
   The first object of the present invention is to improve the response characteristic to a temperature change, the second object of the present invention is to enhance the productivity by reducing the height, and the third object is to effectively use a heat source when a constant temperature oscillator is provided. 
   As described in the scope of the claims (claim  1 ) for the present invention, a constant temperature crystal oscillator includes on a circuit substrate: a surface-mount crystal resonator which is provided with two crystal terminals as mount terminals and a dummy terminal, and has a metal cover; an oscillation circuit element which forms an oscillation circuit together with the crystal resonator; and a temperature control element which keeps a constant operation temperature of the crystal resonator. The temperature control element includes at least a heating chip resistor, a power transistor for supplying electric power to the chip resistor, and a temperature sensitive resistor for detecting the operation temperature of the crystal resonator. A dummy terminal on the substrate side of the circuit substrate for connection to the dummy terminal of the crystal resonator is connected to a resistor terminal on the substrate side to which the temperature sensitive resistor is connected through a conductive path (corresponding to the first through third embodiments). 
   With the above-mentioned configuration, the dummy terminal of the surface-mount resonator is connected to the temperature sensitive resistor through a conductive path. Therefore, the temperature of the surface-mount resonator is directly transmitted to the temperature sensitive resistor. Therefore, the electric power supplied to the heating chip resistor from the power transistor responsive in real time to the temperature change of the surface-mount resonator can be controlled. Thus, the response characteristic to the temperature change can be successfully maintained. 
   According to claim  2  of the present invention based on claim  1 , the dummy terminal is electrically connected to the metal cover of the crystal resonator. Thus, the extraneous noise reaching the metal cover is consumed by the heating chip resistor through the dummy terminal on the substrate side, and is connected (flows into) the power supply. Therefore, the EMI (electromagnetic interference) can be suppressed by maintaining the metal cover at a constant voltage. In this case, since the dummy terminal is not connected to a grounding pattern of the circuit substrate as in the related art, the liberated heat through the grounding pattern can be suppressed (corresponding to the first through third embodiments). 
   According to claim  3  based on claim  1 , the crystal resonator has two dummy terminals and the two crystal terminals at the four corners on the bottom. The circuit substrate has the dummy terminal on the substrate side and a crystal terminal on the substrate side to which the two crystal terminals are connected. At least one of the dummy terminal on the substrate side connected to the resistor terminal on the substrate side through a conductive path extends to at least the central area facing the bottom surface of the crystal resonator, and has a larger area than the crystal terminal (corresponding to the second embodiment). 
   With the according to configuration, the dummy terminal on the substrate side connected to the resistor terminal on the substrate side is formed with a large area while facing the bottom surface of the crystal resonator. Therefore, the radiant heat is absorbed from the crystal resonator. As a result, the operation temperature of the crystal resonator can be detected by the temperature sensitive resistor in real time. 
   According to claim  4  based on claim  3 , the two dummy terminal on the substrate side is commonly connected through the conductive path (corresponding to the second embodiment). Thus, since the area of the dummy terminal on the substrate side can be further enlarged and the radiant heat can be absorbed, the operation temperature of the crystal resonator can be furthermore detected in real time. 
   According to claim  5  based on claim  1 , the crystal resonator is arranged between the power transistor and the chip resistor, and the temperature sensitive resistor is arranged adjacent to the crystal resonator (corresponding to the first through third embodiments). Thus, the radiant heat from the power transistor can be effectively used. In this case, one heating chip resistor can be reduced from the configuration according to the related art, thereby realizing a more economical configuration. 
   According to claim  6  based on claim  5 , the conductive path electrically connecting the power transistor to the chip resistor can be formed by traversing below the external bottom surface of the crystal resonator (corresponding to the third embodiment). In this case, the radiant heat from the conductive path electrically connecting the power transistor to the chip resistor is added to the bottom surface of the crystal resonator, thereby further effectively utilizing the heat source. 
   According to claim  7  based on claim  6 , the conductive path is cross-shaped between the mount terminals provided at the four corners of the crystal resonator (corresponding to the third embodiments). Thus, the radiant heat can be applied to the entire bottom surface of the crystal resonator, thereby further effectively realizing the heat source. 
   According to claim  8  based on claim  1 , the circuit substrate is a single plate and is made of a glass epoxy material (corresponding to the first through third embodiments). Thus, since the circuit substrate on which the oscillation circuit element including the surface-mount resonator and the temperature control element are arranged is a single plate, the height of the constant temperature oscillator can be reduced. In addition, it is not necessary to arrange the first and second substrates above and below using a metal pin as in the related art. Additionally, the epoxy material is less expensive than the ceramic material. Therefore, the productivity can be enhanced. 
   According to claim  9  based on claim  1 , the crystal resonator, the power transistor, the heating chip resistor, and the temperature sensitive resistor are covered with a thermal conductivity resin (corresponding to the first through third embodiments). Thus, the thermal conductivity among the crystal resonator, the power transistor, the chip resistor, and the temperature sensitive resistor can be enhanced. Especially, the temperature between the surface-mount resonator and the temperature sensitive resistor can be leveled. Since the heat from the power transistor and the heating chip resistor is transmitted to the surface-mount resonator, the response characteristic to a temperature change can be further improved. 
   According to claim  10  based on claim  1 , the circuit substrate is held by the airtight terminal of the metal base. The crystal resonator, the heating chip resistor, the power transistor, and the temperature sensitive resistor are arranged below the bottom surface of the circuit substrate facing the metal base. The oscillation circuit element and the control element in the temperature control element are arranged on the top surface of the circuit substrate (according to the first through third embodiments). Thus, for example, the controlling operation of the control element before covering the metal base can be more easily performed. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  is an explanatory view of the related art in which  FIG. 1A  is a sectional view of the constant temperature oscillator, and  FIG. 1B  is a plan view of the second substrate; 
       FIG. 2  is an explanatory view of the surface-mount resonator in which  FIG. 2A  is a sectional view, and  FIG. 2B  is a bottom view; 
       FIG. 3  is an explanatory view of the related art in which  FIG. 3A  shows the temperature control circuit diagram of the constant temperature, and  FIG. 3B  shows the frequency temperature characteristic of the surface-mount resonator; 
       FIG. 4  is an explanatory view of the first embodiment of the present invention in which  FIG. 4A  is a sectional view of the constant temperature oscillator, and  FIG. 4B  is a plan view of the circuit substrate; 
       FIG. 5  is an explanatory view of the second embodiment of the present invention in which  FIGS. 5A and 5B  are plan views of the circuit substrate of the constant temperature oscillator; and 
       FIG. 6  is an explanatory view of the third embodiment of the present invention, and is a plan view of the circuit substrate of the constant temperature oscillator. 
   

   DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
   First Embodiment 
     FIG. 4  is an explanatory view of the first embodiment of the present invention in which  FIG. 4A  is a sectional view of the constant temperature oscillator, and  FIG. 4B  is a plan view of the circuit substrate. The explanation of the same components of the related art is simply described or omitted here. 
   As described above, the constant temperature oscillator arranges on the circuit substrate  3  the existing surface-mount resonator  1 A, the oscillation circuit element  1  forming an oscillation circuit with the resonator, and the temperature control element  2  for leveling the operation temperature by including at least the heating chip resistor  2   a , the power transistor  2   b , and the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c . These components-are airtightly sealed in the metal container  4 . In this example, the circuit substrate  3  is a single plate (single substrate) made of a glass epoxy material, and the bottom surface of the circuit substrate  3  faces the metal base  4   a . The circuit substrate is a single plate, but it also can be a layered substrate. 
   On the top surface of the circuit substrate  3 , the oscillation circuit element  1  excluding the surface-mount resonator  1 A is arranged, and on the bottom surface, the surface-mount resonator  1 A and the temperature control element  2  are arranged. The surface-mount resonator  1 A is arranged at the central portion of the circuit substrate  3  with the heating chip resistor  2   a  and the power transistor  2   b  of the temperature control element  2  placed on the respective sides of the surface-mount resonator  1 A. Then, the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c  having the smallest planar shape formed by a thermistor is arranged between the surface-mount resonator  1 A and, for example, the power transistor  2   b . The surface-mount resonator  1 A and the temperature control element  2  are covered with the thermal conductive resin  11 . The thermal conductive resin  11  is based on silicon as described above, and is about 100 times as thermal-conductive as air. 
   Among substrate-side terminals  14  of the circuit substrate  3  in which the surface-mount resonator  1 A and the temperature control elements  2  (chip resistor  2   a , power transistor  2   b , and temperature sensitive resistor  2   c ) are fixed by soldering, etc., a substrate-side dummy terminal  14   x  connected to one of the above-mentioned dummy terminals  9   b  of the surface-mount resonator  1 A is commonly connected by a substrate-side resistor terminal  14   y  and a conductive path  14   z  connected to one of the mount terminals (not shown in the attached drawings) of the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c , and has the same potential (voltage dividing power supply voltage) as one mount terminal  14   y  of the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c    
   The wiring pattern not shown in the attached drawings including the substrate-side dummy terminal  14   x , the substrate-side resistor terminal  14   y , and the conductive path  14   z  is formed by the materials more excellent in thermal conductivity than the ceramic material, for example, Au and Cu. The other terminal of the substrate-side dummy terminal  14   x  is not connected to the grounding pattern of the set substrate but terminated (electrically open terminal). 
   In this example, as described above, after setting the circuit substrate  3  to the metal base  4   a , the frequency temperature characteristic of the surface-mount resonator  1 A is individually measured. Depending on the minimum value of the frequency temperature characteristic, the resistor Ra of the temperature control circuit is controlled, and the surface-mount resonator  1 A is set to the temperature of the minimum value, for example, 80° C. The control capacitor allows the oscillation frequency f to match the nominal frequency. In this case, the control elements  13  such as the resistor Ra, control capacitor, etc. are arranged on the top surface of the circuit substrate  3 . 
   With the above-mentioned configuration, as explained in Summary of the Invention, since the dummy terminal  9   b  of the surface-mount resonator  1 A is connected to the mount terminal of the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c  through the conductive path  14   z , the temperature (heat) of the surface-mount resonator  1 A is directly conducted to the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c . Therefore, the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c  responds to the temperature change of the surface-mount resonator  1 A in real time, thereby correctly controlling the power supplied from the power transistor  2   b  to the heating chip resistor  2   a . Thus, the response characteristic to a temperature change can be correctly maintained. 
   Additionally, since the oscillation circuit element including the surface-mount resonator  1 A and the temperature control element  2  are arranged on the circuit substrate  3  as a single plate, the height of the constant temperature oscillator can be reduced in simple production. Since the circuit substrate  3  is simply made of a glass epoxy single plate, it is less expensive than a ceramic plate, and has improved productivity. 
   The surface-mount resonator  1 A is arranged between the heating chip resistor  2   a  and the power transistor  2   b , and the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c  is arranged adjacent to the surface-mount resonator  1 A. Therefore, the liberated heat from the power transistor  2   b  can be effectively used. In this example, one heating chip resistor  2   a  can be reduced and more economical than the related art. 
   The surface-mount resonator  1 A and the temperature control element  2  (chip resistor  2   a , power transistor  2   b , and temperature sensitive resistor  2   c ) are covered with the thermal conductive resin  11 . Thus, the thermal conductivity can be enhanced between the surface-mount resonator  1 A and the temperature control element  2 . Especially, the temperatures of the surface-mount resonator  1 A and the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c  can be leveled. Then, since the heat from the power transistor  2   b  and the heating chip resistor  2   a  can be conducted to the surface-mount resonator  1 A by the thermal conductive resin  11 , the response characteristic to a temperature change can be further improved. 
   Furthermore, since the resistor Ra of the temperature control circuit and the control elements  13  such as the control capacitor, etc. of the oscillation circuit are arranged on the top surface of the circuit substrate  3 , the controlling operations (exchange, etc.) can be easily performed. Since the arrangement can be made on any part of the top surface, the arranging design can be freely determined without restrictions. 
   The other end of the substrate-side dummy terminal  14   x  is not connected to the grounding pattern and terminated. Therefore, the heat is prevented from being liberated through the grounding pattern and the airtight terminal  10   b , the thermal efficiency can be improved. In this case, the substrate-side dummy terminal  14   x  electrically connected to the metal cover  8  of the surface-mount resonator  1 A is connected to the power supply voltage through the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c . Therefore, although extraneous noise reaches the metal cover  8 , the extraneous noise is consumed by the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c  and absorbed by the power supply voltage, and the substrate-side dummy terminal  14   x  is maintained to be equal to the other terminal for a constant voltage of the same potential (direct current voltage). Thus, the EMI, etc. can be avoided. 
   Second Embodiment 
     FIGS. 5A and 5B  are explanatory views of the second embodiment of the present invention, and are plan views of the circuit substrate of the constant temperature oscillator. The same components between the embodiment and the related art are assigned the same reference numerals, and the detailed explanation is simplified or omitted here. 
   According to the second embodiment shown in, for example,  FIG. 5A , the substrate-side dummy terminal  14   x  connected to one of the dummy terminals  9   b  of the surface-mount resonator  1 A extends at least to the central area facing the bottom surface of the surface-mount resonator  1 A. For example, it also extends between the substrate-side crystal terminal  14  of a set of diagonal portions and the substrate-side dummy terminal  14   x  of the other set of diagonal portions. In  FIG. 5B , one of the diagonal portion of the other set is commonly connected to the other substrate-side dummy terminal  14   x . Thus, one of the substrate-side dummy terminal  14   x  becomes larger in area than the crystal terminal on the substrate side. 
   With the above-mentioned configuration, one of the substrate-side dummy terminal  14   x  totally faces the bottom surface of the surface-mount resonator  1 A including the case where it is commonly connected to the other terminal of the substrate-side dummy terminal  14   x . Therefore, the liberated heat of the surface-mount resonator  1 A is totally absorbed and conducted to the substrate-side resonator terminal  14   y  of the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c . Thus, the operation temperature of the surface-mount resonator can be detected in real time, and the response characteristic to the temperature of the surface-mount resonator can be furthermore enhanced. 
   Third Embodiment 
     FIG. 6  is an explanatory view of the third embodiment of the present invention, and is a plan view of the circuit substrate of the constant temperature oscillator. The same components between the embodiment and the related art are assigned the same reference numerals, and the detailed explanation is simplified or omitted here. 
   In the third embodiment, the substrate-side dummy terminal  14   x  of the surface-mount resonator  1 A is connected to the substrate-side resistor terminal  14   y  of the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c  as in the first embodiment through the conductive path  14   z . In this example, the heating chip resistor  2   a  and the power transistor  2   b  arranged on both sides of the surface-mount resonator  1 A are thermally connected. That is, the heating chip resistor  2   a  and the power transistor  2   b  are electrically connected (refer to  FIG. 3A ). 
   In this example, the substrate-side terminal  14  to which the chip resistor  2   a  and the power transistor  2   b  are fixed is connected by a conductive path  14   m  traversing the external bottom surface of the surface-mount resonator  1 A. For example, the conductive path below the external bottom surface of the surface-mount resonator  1 A is cross-shaped. The other end of the mount terminal of the temperature sensitive resistor is connected to the conductive path of another main surface or the layered surface of the circuit substrate  3  through a via hole  15 . It is obvious that the configuration can also be applied to the first and second embodiments. 
   With the configuration, as in the first embodiment, the operation temperature of the surface-mount resonator  1 A is detected by the conductive path  14   z  in real time to improve the response characteristic of the temperature (heat) control for the surface-mount resonator. In this example, the conductive path  14   m  which electrically connects the heating chip resistor  2   a  to the power transistor  2   b  traverses the external bottom surface of the surface-mount resonator  1 A and fully extends. Therefore, the radiant heat from the conductive path  14   m  is applied from the external bottom surface of the surface-mount resonator  1 A. Thus, the heat source can be further effectively used. 
   In the above-mentioned embodiment, the surface-mount resonator  1 A has the crystal terminals  9   a  at one set of diagonal portions and the dummy terminals  9   b  at the other set of diagonal portions. These arrangements are optionally made. That is, at least one dummy terminal  9   b  has to be connected to the temperature sensitive resistor  2   c . In addition, the dummy terminal  9   b  is described as a grounding terminal connected to the metal cover  8 , but can be electrically independent as the dummy terminal  9   b  according to the present invention. 
   Additionally, the dummy terminals  14   x  of the other diagonal portions of the surface-mount resonator  1 A are connected by the metal cover  4   b , and the other dummy terminal  14   x  is terminated, but only the other dummy terminal  14   x  can be connected to the metal cover  4   b  for connection to the grounding pattern. However, in this case, since a new surface-mount resonator  1 A is developed, each embodiment to which an existing product can be applied is more practical. Furthermore, the metal container  4  is resistance-welded, but other methods can be used. However, since a airtight seal structure is designed for the resistance welding, for example, an aging characteristic can be improved.