Abstract:
An actuating device operated by a hookstick is attached to a manually operated oil circuit recloser switch. The device comprises a cantilever and an affixed switch lever. The cantilever includes a pair of lever arms, each having a hook-shaped receptacle for receiving a hookstick that is used to alternatively open or close the switch. Methods of actuating a manually operated switch in a recloser and lock-out device and modifying such a switch to facilitate manual operation are disclosed.

Description:
This application is a continuation in part application and claims the benefit of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/291,796, filed Apr. 14, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,998,748, and entitled MANUALLY OPERATED ACTUATING DEVICE. 
    
    
     INTRODUCTION 
     This invention relates to manually operated handles for recloser switches and lock outs on pole mounted circuit reclosers used by electric utilities. More particularly, this invention relates to a remotely operated actuating device for affixing to a shaft used to open and close a recloser switch using a hookstick. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Commercial and residential electrical power is distributed through electric cables which run along a series of power poles. Many of the poles are strategically mounted with automatic circuit reclosers, which are recognized by electric utilities as essential for achieving an important goal of providing continuity of electric service simply and economically. Some 80 to 95 percent of all system faults on overhead power distribution systems are temporary in nature and last from only a few cycles to a few seconds. These temporary faults are generally caused by wind, lightning, animals, tree branches, and switching surges. Reclosers sense and interrupt fault currents and automatically restore service after momentary outages by restoring current after the temporary fault condition is gone. If a fault is permanent, the recloser locks open after a preset number of operations and isolates the faulted section of the system from the main system. 
     Reclosers are mounted near the tops of utility poles and are provided with manually operated reclosing levers, also known as manual operating handles. The reclosing levers are used for manually opening and closing the recloser or setting the recloser to lockout after one operation. These manually operated levers are currently operated by a hand-held hookstick that is 30 to 40 feet in length. The hookstick is operated by utility worker either on a pole, in a bucket truck, or on the ground. The utility worker inserts the hookstick into a ring that extends from the end of the lever and is used to actuate the lever by pressing against the ring with the hookstick. 
     The prior art hookstick-operated levers are difficult and cumbersome to operate. Inserting the hookstick into the ring requires skill and patience. The difficulty of inserting the hookstick into the ring is further complicated by the conditions in which system faults generally occur. High winds and lightning are leading causes of system faults. Therefore, a need to operate a recloser lever often arises during poor weather and at nighttime. Placing the hookstick into a small ring at the top of a utility pole is even more arduous a task in wet, windy, and dark conditions which may cause numerous failed attempts and become time consuming. Time is of the essence in restoration of electrical power. Moreover, safety of utility personnel is a significant concern. Failed attempts to insert a hookstick into a ring increase the personnel&#39;s exposure to weather conditions or electrical hazards. The prior art fails to address these problems associated with the hookstick operated recloser lever. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Accordinly, the present invention solves the deficiencies found in prior art recloser levers operated by a hookstick and a ring-actuated lever. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide an effective means to make the operation of recloser levers with a hookstick easier and faster. The present invention accomplishes this goal by eliminating the need to exercise skill and patience in placing a hookstick into a ring actuator. 
     In accordance with the present invention, and disclosed herein, is an improved device for providing operational control of a recloser lever by a hookstick. The device consists of a cantilever assembly that is adapted to attach to the existing ring of the recloser lever, or to replace the existing recloser lever. Once the actuator device of the present invention is installed, the lever may be actuated without finding and placing the hookstick into the ring. Instead, the improved actuator device will allow a user to engage the hookstick by feeling the cantilever assembly with the hookstick and then moving the hookstick in the desired direction to open or close the recloser or adjust the lockout setting. Thus, the recloser lever may be actuated in a single attempt with less precision than needed for inserting hookstick into a prior art ring. 
     In another aspect, the present invention provides a method of actuating a manually operated switch recloser and lock-out device mounted on poles of an overhead electrical power distribution system, comprising the steps of (a) engaging a cantilever arm attached at a first end to a switch of a recloser and lock-out switch with a distal end portion of an elongate member; and (b) moving the cantilever arm from a first position to a second position in response to moving the elongated member against the cantilever arm, whereby the cantilever arm moves the switch in the recloser and lock-out device between an open and closed position. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a side view of the prior art cutout and arrester combination having a handle and ring manual operating switch. 
     FIG. 2 is a side view of the present invention shown attached to the ring provided on a recloser cutout and arrester combination. 
     FIG. 3 is a front view of the ring clamp of the present invention. 
     FIG. 4 is a side view of the ring clamp of the present invention. 
     FIG. 5 is a front view of the cantilever of the present invention. 
     FIG. 6 is a side view of the cantilever of the present invention. 
     FIG. 7 is an exploded side view of the present invention in relation to the prior art ring. 
     FIG. 8 is side view of the present invention shown attached to a single phase oil circuit recloser. 
     FIG. 9 is a front view of the combination cantilever and switch lever of the present invention. 
     FIG. 11 is a cutaway bottom view along line 11--11 of FIG. 10 of the combination cantilever and switch lever of the present invention attached to the switching shaft of an oil circuit recloser. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 illustrates a cutout and arrester combination, also know as a lockout switch or fused cutout switch 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the fused cutout switch is generally operated by manually placing a hookstick 4 in a ring 6 and moving the ring to operate a handle 8 that is used to open or close the cutout switch. An equivalent method is used in the prior art in conjunction with oil circuit reclosers for manually operating a recloser switch. FIG. 8 depicts an oil circuit recloser 10, but with the present actuating device 12 attached thereto. 
     FIG. 2 illustrates a first variation of the actuating device 12 of the present invention as used on the cutout switch 2. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the actuating device, also referred to as a trigger, is attached to the existing ring 6. The same hookstick 4 as used in the prior art is used to open and close the cutout switch by engaging the actuating device in alternate positions on the actuating device as shown in the figure. The ring is caused by the actuating device to move the handle 8 in the same manner as before to actuate the switch, however the switch in more conveniently accessed and operated using the present actuating device. 
     As shown in FIG. 8, the present actuating device also may be used on an oil circuit recloser switch 14 having the same type of ring for engaging the hookstick. The actuating device is used on the oil circuit recloser switch in the same manner as described previously. FIG. 10 illustrates a second variation and embodiment of the invention wherein the ring used by present reclosers is eliminated completely by adapting the present device to connect directly to the recloser. 
     In the first embodiment of the invention, the actuating device attaches to an existing ring 6 and comprises two primary parts that are bolted together on the ring 6 of a cutout switch 2 or recloser switch 14. The first part consists of a ring clamp 16 having a height of about 33/16 inches, and the second part consists of cantilever 18 having a height of about 63/8 inches. The ring clamp is shown in detail in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4. 
     The ring clamp 16 is about 1/4 inch thick and has two raised members that increase the thickness of the clamp in those members another 1/4 inch to about 1/2 inch. The first raised member 20 has a circular diameter and fits within the ring 6 such that the 1/4 inch raised circular diameter is within the inner diameter of the ring. A first aperture 22 is provided in the first raised member for receiving a bolt 24. The second raised member 26 has a point 28 at the tip of an A-shaped shoulder that bears against the outer diameter of the ring when the clamp is attached to the cantilever 18. A second aperture 30 is provided in the second raised member for receiving a bolt 32. 
     The second part or cantilever 18 is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. The cantilever part is A-shaped and includes a first lever arm 34 and a second lever arm 36 that oppose each other at an angle. In the embodiment shown, the lever arms are at an acute angle of about 25 degrees to 35 degrees with respect to each other. Each lever arm terminates in a curved hook-shaped receptacle 38 and 40 for receiving a limb 42 at the top of a hookstick 4 like that commonly used to actuate recloser switches. The hook-shaped receptacles each include a receiving slot sized such that the hookstick limb fits into the receptacle. Slight lips 48 may be provided on the receptacles on each side of the receiving slots to hinder the hookstick limb from slipping out of the receptacle while the actuating device 12 is operated. 
     Apertures 44 and 46 are provided in the cantilever 18. These apertures in the cantilever align with the apertures 22 and 30 on the ring clamp 16. The bolts 24 and 32 are inserted through the apertures of both the cantilever and ring clamp for joining the parts together about a ring 6 as shown in FIG. 7. In lieu of a pair of bolts, a u-bolt or other retaining means could be used for securely attaching the parts to the ring. After the device is attached to the ring, the limb 42 of a standard hookstick 4 is inserted into the receiving slots of the cantilever and the limb is pressed against one of the hook-shaped receptacles 38 or 40 to move the cantilever. As the cantilever is moved, the straight edges of the second raised member 26 of the ring clamp bear against the ring and the cantilever operates the ring 6 and handle 8 to open and close the recloser switch 14 or cutout switch 2. 
     FIG. 8 depicts the recloser switch lever 50 within the cover 52 in the up position parallel to the top of the recloser cylinder 54. The up position shown in FIG. 8 signifies that the recloser switch is closed. In FIG. 8 the hookstick 4 is shown engaging the actuating device 12 to move switch lever 50 to the down position. The down position is illustrated by the position of the switch lever 50 in FIG. 10 and signifies that the recloser switch is open, which causes the recloser circuit to be open. 
     The second embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 9-11 eliminates the ring 6 and incorporates the switch lever 50 into the present invention by attaching or molding the switch lever 50 to the cantilever 18. The original ring structure may be retained by providing a hole 62 at the top of the cantilever 18. The switch lever 50 extends approximately perpendicular several inches out from the cantilever 18. The switch lever includes a threaded hole 56 or other means to connect the switch lever 50 to the end of a shaft 58 or linking means that communicates with the switching mechanisms 60 within the recloser cylinder 54 to cause the recloser circuit to open and close. 
     While a preferred form of the actuating device 12 of the present invention has been shown in the drawings and described, variations in the invention&#39;s embodiment and practice will be readily apparent to those persons skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention should not be construed as limited to the specific form shown and described, but instead is as set forth in the following claims.