Abstract:
A high-voltage discharge lamp lighting device provides a starting pulse voltage sufficient to turn on a high-voltage discharge lamp having terminal wire connections of variable length. A power conversion circuit is coupled to a commercial AC power source input and rectifies the AC input into a predetermined DC voltage output. A charging capacitor is coupled to the power conversion circuit. A full bridge circuit is coupled to the power conversion circuit and the charging capacitor and provides a rectangular wave AC output signal to a transformer primary winding circuit of at least a capacitor, a single switching element and a primary winding of a transformer. A low pulse voltage is induced in the primary winding and a transformer secondary winding is connected on one end to the high-voltage discharge lamp, wherein the low pulse voltage is stepped up to a high pulse voltage and applied to the high-voltage discharge lamp. A reference voltage is generated in a reference transformer winding representative of the high pulse voltage. A starting pulse equivalent value detection circuit is connected to the reference winding and detects a value associated with the reference voltage. A control circuit receives said value from said detection circuit, and variably controls at least one of a frequency of the single switching element or an ON impedance of the single switching element in association with said value, wherein said frequency or ON impedance is further associated with a starting pulse voltage sufficient to start the high-voltage discharge lamp.

Description:
A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material that is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the reproduction of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever. 
     CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims benefit of the following patent application(s) which is/are hereby incorporated by reference: Japanese Patent Application No. JP2008-079043, filed Mar. 25, 2008 
     STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
     Not Applicable 
     REFERENCE TO SEQUENCE LISTING OR COMPUTER PROGRAM LISTING APPENDIX 
     Not Applicable 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a high-voltage discharge lamp lighting device equipped with means adapted to adjust a peak value of a high-pressure pulse voltage at the time of start. The present invention further relates to a lighting fixture using the device. 
     A high-voltage discharge lamp is compact, yet can produce powerful beams of light, is near a point light source and is easily controlled in light distribution. For these reasons, the high-voltage discharge lamp has recently become a favorable alternative to incandescent and halogen lamps. A high-pressure pulse voltage of a few kV is generally required to start the high-voltage discharge lamp. 
       FIG. 14  shows a typical example of circuit structure for such a lamp. Reference character E denotes a DC power source, reference numeral  4  denotes a step-down chopper circuit, reference numeral  6  denotes a polarity reversal circuit, reference numeral  7  denotes a starting pulse generation circuit and reference character T 1  is a high-voltage pulse transformer. The step-down chopper circuit  4  is formed of a switching element Q 2 , a diode D 2 , an inductor L 3  and a smoothing capacitor C 4 . The configuration and operation of these components are generally known in the art and further description thereof is omitted. The polarity reversal circuit  6  is formed of a full-bridge circuit including switching elements Q 3  to Q 6  and applies a rectangular wave having a frequency of from a few dozen to a few hundred Hz to the starting pulse generation circuit  7  and the high-voltage discharge lamp  8 . 
     The starting pulse generation circuit  7  has the transformer T 1  including a secondary winding N 2  serially connected to the high-voltage discharge lamp  8 , a capacitor C 1  for passing a pulse current to a primary winding N 1 , a charge resistor Rc and a switching element Q 7  for discharging the capacitor C 1 . 
     The pulse generation operation is well known. For example, when the switching elements Q 3  and Q 6  of the polarity reversal circuit  6  are turned on and the switching elements Q 4  and Q 5  are turned off, a charge current flows from the capacitor C 4  to the capacitor C 1  via the switching element Q 3 , the primary winding N 1  of the transformer T 1 , the charge resistor Rc, the capacitor C 1  and the switching element Q 6  to charge the capacitor C 1  so that the switching element Q 7  becomes positive. After that, when the switching elements Q 3  and Q 6  of the polarity reversal circuit  6  are turned off and the switching elements Q 4  and Q 5  are turned on, a high voltage obtained by adding the voltage of the capacitor C 4  to the voltage of the capacitor C 1  is applied to the switching element Q 7  and exceeds a breakover voltage of the switching element Q 7 . As a result, an electric charge of the capacitor C 1  is steeply discharged via the switching element Q 7  and the steep discharge current flows into the primary winding N 1  of the high-voltage pulse transformer T 1 , generating a pulse voltage. A high-pressure pulse voltage obtained by boosting the pulse voltage by the transformer T 1  occurs in the secondary winding N 2  to cause dielectric breakdown of the high-voltage discharge lamp  8 . Generally, in the high-voltage discharge lamp  8 , the starting pulse voltage is defined as 3-5 kV. 
     In the high-voltage discharge lamp lighting device, when the output wiring length (lamp terminal wire length) is increased, output capacitance increases and the starting pulse voltage is attenuated. This causes a problem that the starting pulse voltage of the lamp falls below a defined value and thus the lamp cannot be started. To prevent this problem. the high-voltage discharge lamp lighting device needs to be able to output 3-5 kV even when the output wiring length is relatively long. In this case, however, when the output wiring length is short, the pulse voltage becomes 5 kV or more, resulting in a possibility of leakage in the wiring or socket. 
     Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2007-52977 describes a previous attempt to address this problem.  FIG. 15  shows the circuit structure of this particular example. A starting pulse generation circuit operates at the start-up of the high-voltage discharge lamp  8  and generates a high-pressure pulse voltage. The starting pulse generation circuit has a transformer T 1 , a switching element Q 7  which can be turned on/off according to an external control signal, a capacitor C 1  and an inductor L 1  for over-current protection of the switching element Q 7 . This document proposes that a tertiary winding N 3  of the transformer T 1 , a voltage divider circuit  11  and a pulse detection circuit  12  detect a peak value of the high-pressure pulse voltage and feed back the detection value so that a control circuit  9  may maintain the starting high voltage within a predetermined value. 
     However, the starting high voltage must be lowered to a voltage desired for feedback and a circuit structure such as a voltage divider circuit is required to lower the starting high voltage, leading to an increase in size and costs of the lighting device. This method is disadvantageous in part because the peak value of the starting high voltage cannot be accurately detected due to error factors such as an inherent variation in components of the voltage divider circuit and temperature characteristics. Further, since the peak value of the starting high voltage varies in generation timing, it is difficult to detect the accurate peak value depending on detection timing. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     According to a first aspect of the invention as shown in  FIG. 1 , a high-voltage discharge lamp lighting device includes a rectangular wave output circuit (a power conversion circuit B and full bridge circuits Q 3  to Q 6 ) for supplying rectangular wave AC power to a high-voltage discharge lamp  8 , a starting pulse generation circuit  7  for generating a starting high voltage necessary for turning on the high-voltage discharge lamp  8  and a control circuit  9  for controlling the starting pulse generation circuit  7 . 
     The starting pulse generation circuit  7  has a transformer primary winding circuit comprising series connection of at least a capacitor C 1 , a primary winding N 1  of a transformer T 1  and a switching element Q 7 ; a transformer secondary winding circuit for raising a voltage generated in the primary winding N 1  of the transformer T 1  and applying a high-voltage pulse to the high-voltage discharge lamp  8 ; and a transformer winding N 3  for detecting a voltage level of the high-voltage pulse generated in the transformer T 1 . 
     A starting pulse equivalent value detection circuit  16  capable of detecting a value equivalent to a peak value of the starting pulse voltage generated by the starting pulse generation circuit  7  is connected to the transformer winding N 3 . The starting pulse voltage is adjusted to a desired value by indirectly detecting the peak value of the starting pulse voltage via the starting pulse equivalent value detection circuit  16  and controlling the starting pulse generation circuit  7  by use of the control circuit  9 . 
     According to a second aspect of the invention, the starting pulse equivalent value detection circuit is more specifically a pulse width detection circuit  16  for detecting a pulse width of starting high voltage waveform ( FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 3 ). 
     According to a third aspect of the invention, the starting pulse equivalent value detection circuit is a pulse tilt detection circuit  17  for detecting a tilt of the starting high voltage waveform ( FIG. 8 ,  FIG. 9 ). 
     According to a fourth aspect of the invention, the starting pulse equivalent value detection circuit has at least one reference level and is a pulse level detection circuit  18  for comparing the starting high voltage waveform and the at least one reference level ( FIG. 10 ,  FIG. 11 ). 
     According to a fifth aspect of the invention, with respect to any of the previously described aspects the lamp terminal wire length is at least 2 m ( FIG. 13 ). 
     A sixth aspect of the invention comprises a lighting fixture having the high-voltage discharge lamp lighting device according to any of the first to fifth aspects of the present invention ( FIG. 12 ). 
     According to the first aspect of the invention, indirect detection of the peak value of the pulse voltage results in an inexpensive circuit structure, as a voltage reduction circuit with high accuracy is generally not required. Because of the simplified circuit structure, the influence of variation in parts of the detection circuit, temperature characteristics and the like is reduced. The result is therefore that accurate detection can be achieved and stability of the pulse voltage with higher accuracy can also be obtained. 
     According to the second aspect of the invention, since a detection value corresponding to the peak value of the pulse voltage can be obtained merely by detecting the pulse width in a relatively low voltage region, high-accuracy measurement means such as a microcomputer can be used as the detection circuit. 
     According to the third aspect of the invention, since a detection value corresponding to the peak value of the pulse voltage can be obtained merely by detecting the tilt of voltage waveform in a relatively low voltage region, high-accuracy measurement means such as a microcomputer can be used as the detection circuit. 
     According to the fourth aspect of the invention, since a detection value corresponding to the peak value of the pulse voltage can be obtained merely by comparing magnitude of the reference voltage levels in multiple stages, the structure of the detection circuit can be simplified. 
     According to the fifth and sixth aspects of the invention, there are advantages such as for example improved ease of construction, in that the ballast can be installed together and the ballast can be inspected together. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a circuit diagram in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a graphical illustration demonstrating the relationship between a pulse voltage and a lamp terminal wire length in accordance with the first embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 3  is a graphical illustration demonstrating the relationship between the pulse voltage and a pulse width in accordance with the first embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 4  is a waveform chart of a starting pulse voltage in accordance with first and second embodiments of the invention with the lamp terminal wire length being 0 m. 
         FIG. 5  is a waveform chart of the starting pulse voltage in accordance with the first and second embodiments of the invention with the lamp terminal wire length being 1 m. 
         FIG. 6  is a waveform chart of the starting pulse voltage in accordance with the first and second embodiments of the invention with the lamp terminal wire length being 3 m. 
         FIG. 7  is a waveform chart of the starting pulse voltage in accordance with the first and second embodiments of the invention with a lamp terminal wire length of 5 m. 
         FIG. 8  is a circuit diagram in accordance with the second embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 9  is a graphical illustration of the relationship between the pulse voltage and a tilt in accordance with the second embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 10  is a circuit diagram in accordance with a third embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 11  is a graphical illustration in accordance with the third embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 12  is a schematic configuration view of a lighting fixture in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 13  is a graphical illustration of the lighting fixture in accordance with the fourth embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 14  is a circuit diagram as disclosed in the prior art. 
         FIG. 15  is another circuit diagram as disclosed in the prior art. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       FIG. 1  is a circuit diagram in accordance with a first embodiment of the high-voltage discharge lamp lighting device  10 . Power from a commercial AC power source  1  is converted into a predetermined DC voltage by a power conversion circuit B. The power conversion circuit B is formed of, for example, a full-wave rectifier for rectifying the AC power from the commercial AC power source  1 , a step-up chopper circuit for stepping up the rectified output and a step-down chopper circuit for stepping down the output from the step-up chopper circuit. The output voltage of the power conversion circuit B is charged into a capacitor C 4  and applied to a full bridge circuit formed of switching elements Q 3 , Q 4 , Q 5 , and Q 6 . The full bridge circuit is formed by parallel connection of a series circuit including switching elements Q 3  and Q 4  to a series circuit including switching elements Q 5  and Q 6 , and converts a voltage of the capacitor C 4  into a low-frequency rectangular wave voltage by alternating a period in which the switching elements Q 3  and Q 6  are turned ON and a period in which the switching elements Q 4  and Q 5  are turned ON at low frequency, further supplying the rectangular wave voltage to a load circuit. 
     The load circuit is formed of a starting pulse generation circuit  7  and a high-voltage discharge lamp  8 . One end of each of a primary winding N 1  and a secondary winding N 2  of a pulse transformer T 1  is connected to a connection point between the oscillating switching elements Q 3  and Q 4 . The other end of the secondary winding N 2  of the pulse transformer T 1  is connected to one end of the high-voltage discharge lamp  8  via a wiring part  82  or lamp terminal wire  82  of a predetermined length  84  and the other end of the high-voltage discharge lamp  8  is connected to a connection point between the switching elements Q 5  and Q 6  via the wiring part  82  of predetermined length  84 . One end of the capacitor C 1  is connected to a connection point between the switching elements Q 5  and Q 6 , and a parallel circuit formed of the single switching element Q 7  and a resistor Rc is connected between the other end of the capacitor C 1  and the other end of the primary winding N 1  of the pulse transformer T 1 . One end of a tertiary winding N 3  or reference winding N 3  of a pulse transformer T 1  is grounded, and a voltage at the other end of the tertiary winding N 3  is monitored by a pulse width detection circuit  16 . 
     Next, operation of the circuits shown in  FIG. 1  will be described. In the circuit diagram of  FIG. 1 , when the power is turned on, the power conversion circuit B starts its operation. The power conversion circuit B rectifies power from the commercial AC power source  1  via the internal rectifying circuit and outputs a predetermined DC voltage via the internal step-up/down chopper circuits. First, the switching elements Q 3  and Q 6  are simultaneously turned ON to charge the capacitor C 1  via the primary winding N 1  and the charge resistor Rc of the transformer T 1 . Then, the switching elements Q 3  and Q 6  are turned OFF and then, the switching elements Q 4  and Q 5  are simultaneously turned ON, so that a voltage obtained by adding the voltage charged into the capacitor C 1  to the voltage of the capacitor C 4  is applied to the switching element Q 7 . After that, by turning ON the switching element Q 7  at a predetermined time, a current flows through the capacitor C 1 , the switching element Q 7  and the primary winding N 1 , and a pulse voltage is induced in the primary winding N 1 . A higher voltage occurs in the secondary winding N 2  according to a turn ratio of the primary winding N 1  to the secondary winding N 2 . This high voltage becomes a starting pulse voltage necessary for turning on the high-voltage discharge lamp  8 . 
     A detection voltage for detecting the high voltage generated in the secondary winding N 2  (corresponding to a turn ratio of the secondary winding N 2  to the tertiary winding N 3 ) occurs in the reference winding N 3  or tertiary winding N 3  of the pulse transformer T 1 . The pulse width detection circuit  16  for detecting a pulse width can be formed of, for example, a microcomputer equipped with a timer circuit capable of counting an elapsed time from detection of a rising zero crossing of the reference voltage generated in the tertiary winding N 3  to detection of a falling zero crossing of the reference voltage. Therefore, the pulse width detection circuit  16  need not be able to accurately measure the magnitude of amplitude of the pulse voltage and thus, variation in reference voltage values due to variation in component values can be easily prevented. 
       FIG. 2  shows the relationship between a pulse voltage peak value and a lamp terminal wire length  84 . Generally, as the wire length  84  increases, the pulse voltage peak value lowers.  FIG. 3  shows the relationship between the pulse voltage peak value and a pulse voltage zero value width. It is recognized that as the pulse voltage peak value lowers, the pulse voltage zero value width increases.  FIG. 4  to  FIG. 7  show waveforms obtained by measuring the actual pulse voltage peak value and pulse width in the case where the lamp terminal wire length  84  is extended. As shown in waveform charts of  FIG. 4  to  FIG. 7 , the pulse width detection circuit  16  initiates measurement of the pulse width at the instant when the pulse voltage starts to rise and finishes measurement of the pulse width at the instant when the pulse voltage returns to substantially zero. The pulse width detection circuit  16  determines the zero value width of the detected pulse voltage, and based on the result controls ON timing and ON impedance of the switching element Q 7  via a control circuit  9 . 
     Here, when the ON timing of the switching element Q 7  is delayed after polarity reversal of the full bridge circuit, since the voltage of the capacitor C 1  is slightly attenuated due to moderate discharge via the resistor Rc and then generates the pulse voltage, the peak value of the pulse voltage can be controlled to be low. Conversely, when the switching element Q 7  is rapidly turned ON after polarity reversal of the full bridge circuit, since the pulse voltage is generated prior to attenuation of the voltage of the capacitor C 1 , the peak value of the pulse voltage can be controlled to be high. 
     If the ON impedance of the switching element Q 7  is made variable as a substitute for control of, or to supplement control of, the ON timing of the switching element Q 7 , the peak value of the pulse voltage can be variably controlled with higher accuracy. For example, if the ON impedance of the switching element Q 7  is made higher, the pulse voltage having a wide voltage range with low peak value is generated, and if the ON impedance of the switching element Q 7  is made lower, the pulse voltage having a narrow voltage range with high peak value is generated. 
     Various additional embodiments are anticipated as adaptable to variably control the peak value of the pulse voltage and are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment. The detection result of the pulse width detection circuit  16  may be fed back to the power conversion circuit B to make the voltage of the capacitor C 4  variable. Alternatively, by variably controlling the frequency of polarity reversal of the switching elements Q 3  to Q 6  of the full bridge circuit, charge voltage of the capacitor C 1  may be made variable. 
     
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Lamp terminal wire length (m) 
                 Pulse voltage (kV) 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 0 
                 4.72 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 4.32 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 3.92 
               
               
                   
                 5 
                 3.28 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Pulse voltage (kV) 
                 Pulse width (μS) 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 4.72 
                 1.58 
               
               
                   
                 4.32 
                 1.66 
               
               
                   
                 3.92 
                 1.76 
               
               
                   
                 3.28 
                 1.96 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     The relationship between various lamp terminal wire lengths  84  and pulse voltages as from  FIG. 2  is shown in Table 1. Detection values of the pulse voltage before step-down are used in this table, since the relationship between a breakdown voltage of the high-voltage discharge lamp  8  and pulse voltage is more clearly shown by using original pulse voltage than using the reference voltage of the tertiary winding N 3  stepped-down according to the turn ratio of the tertiary winding N 3  to the secondary winding N 2 . 
     The relationship between the pulse voltage and the pulse width in  FIG. 3  is shown in Table 2. In fact, for the pulse width, the zero value width of the reference voltage of the tertiary winding N 3  is detected. 
     Assuming that the starting pulse voltage of 4.0 kV or more is required based on a dielectric breakdown property of the high-voltage discharge lamp  8 , when the zero value width of the pulse voltage detected by the pulse width detection circuit  16  is 1.75 or more μsec in the graph of  FIG. 3 , the peak value of the pulse voltage is insufficient and thus the high-voltage discharge lamp  8  is not started and turned on. Accordingly, the ON timing or the ON impedance of the switching element Q 7  is variably controlled by the control circuit  9  so that the zero value width of the pulse voltage becomes 1.75 μsec or less. 
     The value thus controlled can be held in the control circuit  9  so as to be applied also at the next pulse generation. When the control circuit  9  is formed of a microcomputer with a built-in EEPROM, for example, the controlled value may be held in the control circuit  9  by storing the value in the EEPROM. 
     By controlling the zero value width of the pulse voltage to be 1.75 μsec or less, the peak value of the pulse voltage of 4.0 kV or more can be ensured according to correlation shown in  FIG. 3 , enabling the high-voltage discharge lamp  8  to be started and turned on. 
     Although the winding at which detection of the reference voltage takes place is the tertiary winding N 3  of the pulse transformer T 1  in  FIG. 1 , a separate transformer for detection may be provided. For example, such independent transformer may be provided in parallel with the primary winding N 1  or the secondary winding N 2  of the pulse transformer T 1  or at the base of a pair of wiring parts  82  leading to the high-voltage discharge lamp  8 . 
     In this embodiment, to obtain a detection value corresponding to the peak value of the pulse voltage, the zero value width of voltage waveform in a low voltage region only needs to be detected. Thus, pulse voltage components in a high voltage region may be clamped by using a voltage protection element such as a Zener diode. Furthermore, high-accuracy measurement means such as a microcomputer can be advantageously used as a detection circuit. 
       FIG. 8  is a circuit diagram in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention. In place of the pulse width detection circuit  16  in  FIG. 1 , a pulse tilt detection circuit  17  for detecting a tilt of the pulse voltage necessary for turning on the high-voltage discharge lamp  8  is provided. The pulse tilt detection circuit  17  for detecting the tilt of the pulse voltage can be formed of, for example, a microcomputer capable of first detecting the rising zero crossing of the pulse voltage and then detecting the voltage after a certain time period calculated by a timer circuit (the certain time period refers to a time period until at least the pulse voltage waveform reaches the peak from the rising zero crossing—that is, detecting dv/dt). The other configurations and operations are similar to those in the first embodiment. 
       FIG. 9  shows the relationship between the peak value of the pulse voltage and tilt of the rising pulse voltage. It can be seen that as the pulse voltage peak value decreases, the tilt of the pulse voltage becomes gentler.  FIGS. 4-7  show waveforms obtained by measuring the actual peak value of the pulse voltage (kV), zero value width (μs) and tilt (V/ns) in the case where the lamp terminal wire length  84  is extended. The waveform charts themselves are the same as those in the first embodiment. 
     When the wiring part  82  is not extended (lamp terminal wire length  84  of 0 m), as shown in  FIG. 4 , the peak value, the zero value width and the tilt of the pulse voltage are 4.72 kV, 1.58 μs and 12.94 V/ns, respectively. In the case of the wire length  84  of 1 m, as shown in  FIG. 5 , the peak value, the zero value width and the tilt of the pulse voltage is 4.32 kV, 1.66 μs and 9.60 V/ns, respectively. In the case of the lamp wire length  84  of 3 m, as shown in  FIG. 6 , the peak value, the zero value width and the tilt of the pulse voltage is 3.92 kV, 1.76 μs and 7.17 V/ns, respectively. In the case of the lamp wire length  84  of 5 m, as shown in  FIG. 7 , the peak value, the zero value width and the tilt of the pulse voltage is 3.28 kV, 1.96 μs and 5.23 V/ns, respectively. The relationship between the peak value of the pulse voltage and the tilt of the rising pulse voltage is shown in Table 3. 
     
       
         
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 3 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Pulse voltage (kV) 
                 Pulse tilt (V/ns) 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 4.72 
                 12.94 
               
               
                   
                 4.32 
                 9.60 
               
               
                   
                 3.92 
                 7.17 
               
               
                   
                 3.28 
                 5.23 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Assuming that the starting pulse voltage of 4.0 kV or more is required based on dielectric breakdown property of the high-voltage discharge lamp  8 , when the tilt of the pulse voltage detected by the pulse tilt detection circuit  17  is 8 V/ns or less in the graph of  FIG. 9 , the peak value of the pulse voltage is insufficient and thus, the high-voltage discharge lamp  8  is not started and turned on. Accordingly, the ON timing or the like of the switching element Q 7  is controlled by the control circuit  9  so that the tilt of the pulse voltage becomes 8 V/ns or more. The value thus controlled can be held in the control circuit  9  so as to be applied also at the next pulse generation. 
     By controlling the tilt of the pulse voltage to be 8 V/ns or more, the peak value of the pulse voltage of 4.0 kV or more can be ensured according to correlation shown in  FIG. 9 , enabling the high-voltage discharge lamp  8  to be started. 
     According to this embodiment, to obtain a detection value corresponding to the peak value of the pulse voltage the tilt of voltage waveform in a low voltage region only needs to be detected. Thus, pulse voltage components in a high voltage region may be clamped by using a voltage protection element such as a Zener diode. Furthermore, a high-accuracy measurement means such as a microcomputer can be advantageously used as a detection circuit. 
       FIG. 10  is a circuit diagram in accordance with a third embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, in place of the pulse width detection circuit  16  in  FIG. 1 , a pulse level detection circuit  18  for detecting a level of the pulse voltage necessary for turning on the high-voltage discharge lamp  8  is provided. As shown in  FIG. 10 , the pulse level detection circuit  18  is configured so that reference levels in plural stages are set, a corresponding detection circuit is triggered at the time when the pulse voltage generated in the tertiary winding N 3  exceeds any of the set reference levels, and the triggered detection circuit outputs a Hi signal. As shown in Table 4, a correction value of the pulse voltage is determined according to a pattern of the Hi signals output from each detection circuit. The other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment. 
     
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 4 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Level 1 
                 Level 2 
                 Level 3 
                 Correction 
               
               
                   
                 detection 
                 detection 
                 detection 
                 value 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Pattern 1 
                 Hi 
                 Hi 
                 Hi 
                 +0 
                 V 
               
               
                 (waveform A) 
               
               
                 Pattern 2 
                 Low 
                 Hi 
                 Hi 
                 +500 
                 V 
               
               
                 (waveform B) 
               
               
                 Pattern 3 
                 Low 
                 Low 
                 Hi 
                 +1000 
                 V 
               
               
                 (waveform C) 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
       FIG. 11  shows the relationship between the pulse voltage peak value and the reference levels. For a waveform A (peak value of 4.2 kV) represented by a solid line, waveform B (peak value of 3.7 kV) represented by a dashed line and a waveform C (peak value of 3.2 kV) represented by a broken line, Table 4 shows specific examples of the correction values based on comparison results of the plurality of reference levels (4.0 kV, 3.5 kV, 3.0 kV). 
     Assuming that the starting pulse voltage of 4.0 kV or more is required based on dielectric breakdown property of the high-voltage discharge lamp  8 , when states of patterns 2 and 3 in Table 4 are detected, the pulse voltage is insufficient and thus, the high-voltage discharge lamp  8  cannot be turned on. For this reason, the ON timing or the like of the switching element Q 7  is controlled by the control circuit  9  so that the correction value based on Table 4 may be added. 
     Specifically, the reference levels  1 ,  2  and  3  in  FIG. 11  are preset in the pulse level detection circuit  18 . The number of the reference levels and set values are arbitrary. For example, when the waveform A in  FIG. 11  is observed as the pulse voltage, since the pulse voltage exceeds all of the reference levels  1 ,  2  and  3 , as shown in Table 4, the output of each detection circuit becomes Hi. In this case, it is determined that the peak value of the pulse voltage necessary for the high-voltage discharge lamp  8  has been ensured and correction is not performed. 
     Next, when waveform B in  FIG. 11  is observed as the pulse voltage, outputs of the detection circuits corresponding to the reference levels  2  and  3  become Hi and an output of the detection circuit corresponding to the reference level  1  becomes Low. In this case, it is determined that the peak value of the pulse voltage necessary for the high-voltage discharge lamp  8  has not been ensured. However, since an output of the detection circuit corresponding to the reference level  2  has become Hi, the pulse voltage of 3.5 kV can be ensured. Thus, the correction value is +500 V. 
     Next, when waveform C in  FIG. 11  is observed as the pulse voltage, an output of the detection circuits corresponding to the reference level  3  becomes Hi and outputs of the detection circuits corresponding to the reference levels  1  and  2  become Low. Also in this case, it is determined that the peak value of the pulse voltage necessary for the high-voltage discharge lamp  8  has not been ensured. However, since the output of the detection circuit corresponding to the reference level  3  has become Hi, the pulse voltage of 3.0 kV can be ensured. Thus, the correction value is +1000 V. 
     By correcting the peak value of the pulse voltage so as to cover a shortage according to such level detection based on comparison of the reference levels in plural stages, the peak value of the pulse voltage necessary for the high-voltage discharge lamp  8  can be ensured. As a matter of course, by setting the reference levels minutely, correction of the pulse voltage is further fragmented. 
     The value thus controlled can be held in the control circuit  9  so as to be applied also at the next pulse generation. 
     Note that the pulse level detection circuit  18  in  FIG. 10  may be used as the detection means adapted to detect the magnitude (amplitude) of the pulse voltage as well as detection means adapted to directly or indirectly detect magnitude of the pulse voltage, such as detecting zero value width or pulse tilt of the pulse voltage. 
     In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, a combination of a polarity reversal circuit comprising the full bridge circuit including the switching elements Q 3  to Q 6  and the power conversion circuit B for supplying a predetermined DC voltage to the polarity reversal circuit is used as a rectangular wave output circuit for supplying rectangular wave power to the high-voltage discharge lamp  8 . However, a half bridge circuit may be used in place of the full bridge circuit to form the polarity reversal circuit. Furthermore, by using the switching elements for polarity reversal of the full bridge circuit or the half bridge circuit also as switching elements for power exchange, the power conversion circuit may be integrated with the bridge circuit for polarity reversal. 
       FIG. 12  shows an example of configuration of lighting fixture using the high-voltage discharge lamp lighting device of the present invention. In this figure, reference numeral  8  denotes the high-voltage discharge lamp, reference numeral  81  denotes a lamp body to which the high-voltage discharge lamp is attached, reference numeral  82  denotes the wiring part and reference numeral  83  denotes a ballast in which circuits of the lighting device are stored. A lighting system may be formed by combining these lighting fixtures. By using the high-voltage discharge lamp lighting device in any of the first, second or third embodiments as the lighting devices, the peak value of the starting pulse can be appropriately obtained and the lamp can be started even when the wiring part  82  is long. 
       FIG. 13  shows a summary of correction of the peak value of the pulse voltage according to the invention. In this figure, ♦ represents the characteristic in the case of no correction, □ represents the characteristic in the case of correction by detection of zero value width or tilt of the pulse voltage in accordance with the first or second embodiment and ▴ represents the characteristic in the case of correction based on comparison results of the reference levels in plural stages in accordance with the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, in the case of the lamp terminal wire length  84  of 1 m correction is not performed, in the case of the lamp terminal wire length  84  of 3 m correction of +500V is applied, and in the case of the lamp terminal wire length  84  of 5 m correction of +1000V is applied. 
     By mounting the high-voltage discharge lamp lighting device in which the starting pulse voltage is not attenuated even when the output wire length  84  is extended, the wiring part  82  can be extended in the range of 1 to 5 m, for example. Therefore, there are various advantages such as improved ease of construction in that the ballast  83  can be installed together, the routing distance of a power wire is shortened and the ballast  83  can be inspected together. 
     Thus, although there have been described particular embodiments of the present invention of a new and useful High Voltage Discharge Lamp Lighting Device it is not intended that such references be construed as limitations upon the scope of this invention except as set forth in the following claims.