Abstract:
The invention refers to a device for feeding a pulp suspension to a dewatering installation, particularly for a tissue machine. It is mainly characterized by one or several one-piece, wedge-shaped, steel lamella tip(s) being provided to separate the individual sectors in a two-layer or multi-layer headbox.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention relates to a device for feeding a pulp suspension to a dewatering installation, particularly for a tissue machine. 
     This type of device, also known as a headbox, has a major influence on paper formation and thus, on paper quality. In the headboxes used to date, the pressure provided practically the only means of controlling the flow rate of the pulp suspension. In two-layer and multi-layer headboxes, however, which provide a means of influencing the quality of the paper surface, it is not possible to run the different flow rates needed to obtain, for example, different qualities of top and bottom layer. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The aim of the invention is thus to improve the field of application for and the means of controlling headboxes. 
     The invention is thus characterized by one or several one-piece, wedge-shaped, steel lamella tip(s) being provided to separate the individual sectors in a two-layer or multi-layer headbox. In this way it is possible to achieve stable layer separation and thus, a constant setting of the slice gap heights, even at different feed pressures, with the effect that a differential speed can be set between the individual suspension streams. 
     An advantageous further development of the invention is characterized by the lamella tip(s) being attached under pre-stress by a tie rod to the partition of the feed device. This allows the setting of the slice gap heights to be particularly stable and as a result, precise. 
     A favorable configuration of the invention is characterized by the spacing of the bottom lip and/or the top lip to the lamella tip being adjustable. In this way, the lamella tip can be securely fixed and made very stable. 
     An advantageous configuration of the invention is characterized by an eccentric shaft being provided to set the slice gap between a minimum and a maximum height. By setting the height of the slice gap, the flow rate of the suspension stream can easily be adjusted to the needs of the final product. Since an eccentric shaft is used, this guarantees high-precision adjustment of the slice gap. 
     A favorable further development of the invention is characterized by the top lip being adjustable using an eccentric shaft, where the bottom lip can also be made adjustable with an eccentric shaft either as an alternative or in addition. The facility for setting the top and/or bottom lip, depending on whether the headbox is of two-layer or multi-layer design, permits optimum conditions for regulating the flow rate for the individual layers. 
     A favorable configuration of the invention is characterized by a partition and lamella tip unit being adjustable by means of an eccentric shaft. 
     An advantageous configuration of the invention is characterized by the eccentric shaft being supported at several points over the machine width, where these supports can be positioned at regular intervals. 
     A favorable further development of the invention is characterized by the eccentric shaft being connected to a gear motor. In this way the slice gap and thus, the flow rate of the pulp suspension can also be set or adjusted accordingly while the paper machine is in operation. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The invention will now be described in examples and referring to the drawings, where 
     FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a two-layer headbox in accordance with the invention; 
     FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a three-layer headbox in accordance with the invention; 
     FIG. 3 is cross-sectional view along the line III—III of FIG. 2; 
     FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the upper and lower lips, the lamella tip, tie rods and outlet chambers of the headbox of FIG. 1; and 
     FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the upper and lower lips, the lamella tips, tie rods and outlet chambers of the headbox of FIG.  2 . 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     FIG. 1 illustrates a device for feeding pulp suspensions to a dewatering installation, particularly for a tissue machine, in the form of a two-layer headbox. Here the suspension is fed in through two channels  1  simultaneously at right angles to the machine direction, then the flow direction of the suspension is turned through 90 degrees into the machine direction. The suspension is then fed through two turbulence chambers  2  into the outlet chambers  3 ,  4 , which are designed as nozzle areas, with the suspension leaving the device at the end of these chambers and entering the dewatering installation. The two nozzle areas  3 ,  4  are divided by a partition  8  which is attached under pre-stress to the supporting structure  10  by means of hollow screws  9 . At the outlet end of the partition  8  there is a one-piece, wedge-shaped lamella tip  12  made of stainless steel, which is attached under pre-stress to the partition  8  by tie rods  13 . When assembled, the partition  8  and the lamella tip  12  form a fixed dividing element between the two nozzle areas  3  and  4 . Since this element is attached under pre-stress to the supporting structure  10 , it is possible to apply different operating pressures (up to 0.5 bar) and thus, different suspension flow speeds for each layer. 
     In order to do this, the slice gaps a and b of the two nozzles areas  3 ,  4  must be set at different heights. For this purpose the top lip  18  and the bottom lip  18 ′ are pivoted round the articulated joints  14  and  14 ′. This pivoting movement is implemented by an eccentric shaft  16 ,  16 ′, which is supported in bearings  17 ,  17 ′ on the rigid cover plates  20 ,  20 ′ of the device at regular intervals over the machine width. Due to the eccentricity e of the shafts, the slice gaps a and b can be set between a minimum and a maximum height. 
     The structure is designed such that the top lip  18  and the bottom lip  18 ′ never touch the lamella tip  12  and thus no damage can occur, even when the eccentric shaft  16 ,  16 ′, is rotated continuously by a drive  22 . 
     Due to this adjustment of the top and bottom lip using eccentric shafts  16 ,  16 ′, the contour angle α at the two-layer headbox is smaller than in conventional adjustments using gear motors. This permits a substantial reduction in the length of the free flow path f of the pulp jet from the headbox outlet until coming into contact with the wires or felts running over the rolls. This then leads to improved stability in the free-flow jet and thus, to an improvement in paper quality. 
     Due to the rigid lamella tip  12  and the resulting means of providing different suspension flow rates in the two chambers (nozzle areas)  3 ,  4 , there is an improvement in paper quality in the operating mode for “same pulp types” in both chambers and very good separation (covering) of the layers in the operating mode for “different pulp types” in both chambers compared with single-layer and multi-layer headboxes with flexible partition elements at the nozzle area outlets, which do not permit any difference between the two pulp layers. 
     FIG. 4 shows a detail of the slice gap in FIG.  1 . The difference in size between the slice gaps a (nozzle area  3 ) and b (nozzle area  4 ) is clearly shown here. 
     FIG. 2 now shows a three-layer headbox, where the suspension is fed into the device through three channels  1  simultaneously at right angles to the machine direction, then the direction of flow is turned through 90 degrees into the machine direction. The suspension then flows through three turbulence chambers  2  into the outlet chambers, known as nozzle areas  3 ,  4 ,  5 , at the end of which it leaves the device and enters the dewatering machine. Here, the suspension is injected into the gap between two wires which run over two rolls. 
     The two nozzle areas  4 ,  5  are separated by a partition  8 , the same as the design in FIG.  1 . At the end of this partition  8  there is a one-piece, wedge-shaped lamella tip  12  made of stainless steel. When assembled, the partition  8  and the lamella tip  12  form a fixed, non-adjustable dividing element between the two nozzle areas  4 ,  5 . Since this element is attached under pre-stress to the supporting structure  10 , it is possible to obtain differences of up to 0.5 bar and thus, different flow rates in the pulp suspension for the two layers. 
     The two nozzle areas  3 ,  4  are separated by a partition  6  which pivots round an axis  7 . At the outlet end of the partition  6  there is also a one-piece lamella tip  12 ′ made of stainless steel, which is attached under pre-stress to the partition  6  by tie rods  11 . The partition  6  and the lamella tip  12 ′ thus form a rigid dividing element which can, however, be pivoted in one piece round the axis  7 . This pivoting movement is effected by an eccentric shaft  15 , which is supported in bearings  19  on the rigid rear wall  23  of the device at regular intervals over the machine width. 
     Due to this eccentricity e, the slice gap c of the nozzle area  4  can be set between a minimum and a maximum height and secured at the height selected. The slice gaps a and b of the two nozzle chambers  3  and  5  can also be set and secured between a minimum and a maximum height. In order to do this the top lip  18  and the bottom lip  18 ′ are pivoted round the articulated joints  14 ,  14 ′. This pivoting movement is effected by an eccentric shaft  16 ,  16 ′, supported in bearings  17 ,  17 ′ on the rigid cover plates  20 ,  20 ′ of the device at regular intervals over the machine width. The eccentricity e of the shafts  16 ,  16 ′ allows the slice gaps a and b to be set between a minimum and a maximum height. 
     The structure is designed such that the top lip  18  and the bottom lip  18 ′ never touch the lamella tip  12 ,  12 ′, and thus no damage can occur, even when the eccentric shaft  16 ,  16 ′ is rotated continuously by a drive  22 . The same applies for all positions of the adjustable partition  6  with lamella tip  12 ′. 
     Due to this adjustment of the top and bottom lip using eccentric shafts  16 ,  16 ′, the contour angle β at the three-layer headbox is smaller than in conventional adjustments using gear motors. This also permits a substantial reduction in the length of the free flow path f of the pulp jet from the headbox outlet until coming into contact with the wires or felts running over the rolls. This then leads to improved stability in the free-flow jet and thus, to an improvement in paper quality. 
     As a result, it is also possible to operate the three-layer headbox with different flow speeds for the inner and for the two outer layers. 
     In addition to the advantages already mentioned for the two-layer headbox, such as paper quality, covering and separation of layers, a further advantage with a three-layer headbox is that poorer quality pulp can be used for the middle layer without this having a detrimental effect on the quality of the paper. 
     FIG. 5 shows a detail of the slice gap illustrated in FIG.  2 . Here we can see different settings of slice gap heights a (nozzle area  3 ), b (nozzle area  5 ), and c (nozzle area  4 ). 
     FIG. 3 shows a section through the line marked III—III in FIG.  1  and also in FIG.  2 . The eccentric shaft  16  is shown here, supported in bearings  17  at several points over the machine width. A gear motor  22  is also shown for setting the height of the slice gap. 
     The invention is not limited to the examples described. Other forms of lip adjustment device can also be provided.