Abstract:
A system and method of recording audio-visual (A/V) contents directly to a variety of portable media players (PMPs). The recorded contents can be played back by the portable media players immediately without further format conversions. To facilitate immediate playback of the recorded contents, the recording apparatus contains an identification device configured to automatically identify types of portable media players connected to an exemplary recording device that stores the A/V contents. Once the type of portable media player is identified, the recording device automatically generates compressed bit stream in a format that is compatible with the portable media player. Depending upon the nature of the input, the recording apparatus digitizes, encodes and/or transcodes the A/V contents and stores directly into the portable media player&#39;s local storage in playback ready format.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This Application is a continuation-in-part of, and claims the benefit of priority from U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/401,759, titled “ONE-STEP RECORDING APPARATUS FOR PORTABLE MEDIA PLAYERS,” which was filed on Apr. 10, 2006 and commonly assign to the assignee of this application, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
     
     FIELD OF INVENTION 
       [0002]    The present invention relates to the field of audio/video recorders, and more specifically, to an audio/video recorder device for use with a range of portable media players. 
       BACKGROUND OF INVENTION 
       [0003]    The portable media player market has registered rapid growth in recent years. The sharp rise in the popularity of portable media players has raised the demand for new and better media contents. With the increase in media contents, management of such contents for portable media players becomes more challenging. Users have encountered difficulties in transferring and/or recording personal A/V contents to or from portable media players. Conventional transfer of A/V contents to a portable media player typically involves several steps like A/V capture, encoding or transcoding to a desired format, and transferring the resultant data to the player memory. These steps usually requires the use of a computer, intermediate storage, and/or non-real-time processing, which make the process costly and time consuming. The problem is further compounded by the fact that different portable media players access and store media contents in different formats, and hence contents created for one portable media player are usually incompatible with the other portable media players. Accordingly, there is a need for a convenient and cost-effective method to record and transfer A/V contents to portable media players. There is also a need for a low cost, convenient to operate, real-time A/V recording device that is interoperable with a variety of portable media players. There is another need for an A/V recording device that automatically identifies the type of a portable media player connected to the output of the recording device, and configures the A/V recording device to generate and store compatible bit streams directly into the portable media player&#39;s local storage. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0004]    Various embodiments described in this application address one or more above-described issues. One objective of the invention is to provide a cost-effective and convenient way to use A/V contents recording apparatus or device that allows users to conveniently record and transfer personal A/V contents to portable media players of various kinds, thereby improves the portability of the recorded contents. An exemplary recording apparatus includes an input module configured to receive A/V contents in analogue or digital form, a converter module configured to encode or transcoding A/V contents to a desired format, and an output module configured to transfer the encoded or transcoded contents directly to a portable media player memory. The portable media player memory may be internal or external to the portable media player. Examples of the portable media player memory include a hard-disk, RAM, compact flash, SD card, multi-media card, memory stick, flash drive and/or any other storage medium. The recording apparatus comprises a detection module configured to automatically identify a portable. media player connected to the output module, and a configuration module configured to control or select the format of the output bit stream to be compatible with that used by the identified portable media player. The detection and configuration modules select formats for A/V encoding, multiplexing, and file type, which are suitable for the identified portable media player. Other associated selections may include appropriate bit rates and rate-distortion parameters for the compressed bit streams, and imposing suitable limits on file sizes and recording durations. According to another embodiment, an exemplary system of this disclosure identifies general purpose storage devices, and records and stores data to mass storage devices other than a portable media player. 
         [0005]    According to one embodiment, the recorded contents can be played back by the portable media players immediately upon stopping the recording. To facilitate immediate playback of the recorded contents, the recording apparatus contains means for automatic identification of portable media players. Once the type of a portable media player connected to the recording apparatus is identified, the recording apparatus automatically configures itself to generate compressed bit stream in a format that is directly compatible with the portable media player. The A/V contents may come in the form of analogue/digital signals or as digital data in compressed or uncompressed form from transmission and/or storage devices. Depending upon the nature of the input, the recording apparatus digitizes, encodes and/or transcodes the A/V contents and stores directly into the portable media player&#39;s local storage in playback ready format. In one aspect, the recording apparatus provides both manual as well as automatic update mechanisms for play-lists in portable media players. The recording apparatus may allow the user to override the automatic configuration mechanism and modify the bit stream parameters through a manual configuration interface. The recording apparatus may record and store A/V contents to mass storage devices other than a portable media player. 
         [0006]    It is understood that other embodiments of the present invention will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, wherein various embodiments of the invention are shown and described by way of illustration. As will be realized, the invention is capable of other and different embodiments and its several details are capable of modification in various other respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and detailed description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive. 
     
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         [0007]      FIG. 1 . Overview of an embodiment of the current invention receiving analogue/digital audio-visual signals and recording them in a desired digital format directly to a portable media player storage memory or a mass storage device. 
           [0008]      FIG. 2 . Overview of an embodiment of the current invention receiving digital audio-visual contents and recording them in a desired digital format directly to a portable media player storage memory or a mass storage device. 
           [0009]      FIG. 3 . An embodiment of the current invention receiving audio-visual signals from a set-top-box and recording them in a desired digital format directly to a portable media player storage memory. 
           [0010]      FIG. 4 . An embodiment of the current invention receiving audio-visual broadcast signals from RF antenna and recording them in a desired digital format directly to a portable media player storage memory. 
           [0011]      FIG. 5 . An embodiment of the current invention receiving digital audio-visual contents from a removable storage device and recording them in a desired digital format directly to a portable media player storage memory. 
           [0012]      FIG. 6 . An embodiment of the current invention receiving digital audio-visual contents from a first portable media player and recording them in a desired digital format directly to a second portable media player storage memory. 
           [0013]      FIG. 7 . An embodiment of the current invention receiving digital audio-visual contents from a portable media player storage memory and recording them in a desired digital format directly to the same portable media player storage memory. 
           [0014]      FIG. 8 . An embodiment of the current invention receiving digital audio-visual contents from a mass storage device and recording them in a desired digital format directly to the same mass storage device. 
           [0015]      FIG. 9 . Overview of an embodiment of the current invention illustrating the internal processing modules. 
           [0016]      FIG. 10 . A simplified diagram illustrating the hardware components of an embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0017]      FIG. 11 . An operational flow chart of an embodiment of the current invention for one recording session directly to a PMP. 
           [0018]      FIG. 12 . An operational flow chart of an embodiment of the current invention for one or multiple recording session(s) directly to a PMP. 
           [0019]      FIG. 13 . An operational flow chart of an embodiment of the current invention for one recording session directly to a PMP, where the play lists are updated manually. 
           [0020]      FIG. 14 . An operational flow chart of an embodiment of the current invention for one or multiple recording session(s) to a mass storage device. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0021]    The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of various embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to represent the only embodiments in which the present invention may be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present invention. 
         [0022]    One or more embodiments of the present invention will now be described. According to one embodiment, an exemplary recording apparatus or device allows users to conveniently record and transfer personal A/V contents to portable media players of various kinds, thereby improves the portability of the recorded contents. The exemplary recording apparatus includes an input module configured to receive A/V contents in analogue or digital form, a converter module configured to encode or transcoding A/V contents to a desired format, and an output module configured to transfer the encoded or transcoded contents directly to a portable media player memory. The portable media player memory may be internal or external to the portable media player. Examples of the portable media player memory include a hard-disk, RAM, compact flash, SD card, multi-media card, memory stick, flash drive and/or any other storage medium. 
         [0023]    The recording apparatus further includes a detection module configured to automatically identify a portable media player connected to the output module, and a configuration module configured to control or select the format of the output bit stream to be compatible with that used by the identified portable media player. The detection and configuration modules select formats for A/V encoding, multiplexing, and file type, which are suitable for the identified portable media player. Other associated selections may include appropriate bit rates and rate-distortion parameters for the compressed bit streams, and imposing suitable limits on file sizes and recording durations. According to one aspect, an exemplary system of this disclosure identifies general purpose storage devices, and records and stores data to mass storage devices other than a portable media player. 
         [0024]    In one embodiment, an exemplary recording device captures A/V signals in analogue/digital form from a source that may be a video camera, DVD player, set top box, VCR, TV set, or any other media storage or transmission device. The recording device may use standard CVBS, S-Video, component video, RGB, DVI, HDMI, LVDS and the like for analogue/digital input. Once captured, the analogue signal is suitably processed and digitized, and is passed on to the appropriate A/V encoder module. The A/V encoder module may consist of any suitable audio and/or video compression method as provided by Mpeg1, Mpeg2, Mpeg4, H.263, H264, VC-1, AAC, MP2, MP3, AC-3 standards, or any other standard or proprietary compression algorithm. It is worth noting that the scope of the current invention is not limited by the encoder algorithm/architecture or by the A/V multiplexing algorithm/architecture. The detection module may employ any standard protocol governing plug-and-play devices such as USB, FireWire or BlueTooth, or any other device protocol, to obtain the device/vendor ID of the portable media player connected to the recording apparatus. The configuration module uses the device/vendor ID to select appropriate A/V encoding, multiplexing, and file formats, and sets rate distortion parameters suitable for the target portable media player. The encoder module compresses the A/V contents into a desired format as prescribed by the detection and configuration modules and passes them on to the output module. The output module transfers and stores the compressed media contents directly to a portable media player storage memory in playback ready form. The output module may also transfer the compressed media contents to a general purpose storage device other than a portable media player. The output module may employ any wired or wireless means like USB, Ethernet, FireWire, BlueTooth, IrDA, Wi-Fi, or any other suitable protocol or standard for data transfer. 
         [0025]    In another embodiment, the recording device of the current invention receives compressed or uncompressed A/V data in digital form from a computer, set top box, or any other storage or transmission device. The digital data input module may employ USB, Ethernet, or any other appropriate wired or wireless means for data transfer. In the case of compressed data, the digital A/V contents are passed on to the appropriate A/V transcoder module for decoding and re-encoding, while in the case of un-compressed data, the decoding step is bypassed and the A/V contents are directly passed on to a suitable encoder. The A/V encoder or transcoder module may consist of any suitable audio and/or video compression method as provided by Mpeg1, Mpeg2, Mpeg4, H.263, H264, VC-1, AAC, MP2, MP3, AC-3 standards, or any other standard or proprietary compression algorithm. It is worth noting that the scope of the current invention is not limited by the encoder or transcoder algorithm/architecture or by the A/V multiplexing algorithm/architecture. The detection module may utilize any standard protocol governing plug-and-play devices such as USB, FireWire or BlueTooth, or any other device protocol, to obtain the device/vendor ID of the portable media player connected to the recording apparatus. The configuration module uses the device/vendor ID to select appropriate A/V transcoding, A/V encoding, multiplexing, and file formats, and sets rate distortion parameters suitable for the target portable media player. The encoder or transcoder modules compress the A/V contents into a desired format as prescribed by the detection and configuration modules and pass them on to the output module. The output module transfers and stores the compressed media contents directly to the portable media player storage memory in playback ready form. The output module may also transfer the compressed media contents to a general purpose storage device other than a portable media player. The output module may employ any wired or wireless means like USB, Ethernet, FireWire, BlueTooth, IrDA, Wi-Fi, or any other suitable protocol or standard for data transfer. 
         [0026]    According to still another embodiment of the current invention, A/V data is received both from a digital as well as an analogue source. An exemplary recorder device selects an appropriate A/V transcoder and/or A/V encoder determined by the detection and configuration modules to generate the media contents in a desired format. According to another embodiment, A/V contents may be received in digital form from a storage/transmission device. The encoded/transcoded AN contents may be transferred back to the same device or to another storage/transmission device. According to another embodiment of the invention, audio-only, video-only or still-image contents may be stored or recorded in a manner similar to that described for A/V contents. 
         [0027]    A unique aspect of the present invention is its ability to record analogue and/or digital A/V media contents directly to a portable media player memory in one step, without requiring any intermediate storage or processing steps. The stored contents can be played back by the portable media player immediately upon stopping the recording. In this context, the invention gives portable media player users the option of managing their own play-lists or allowing the recorder device to update the play-lists automatically. In the former case the device treats a portable media player as any other mass storage device and the play-lists are left un-touched, while in the latter case the portable media player file structure and play-lists are updated to allow instant play back of the recorded contents. 
         [0028]    The user of the present invention does not require any knowledge or experience of operating a computer or any other active device other than a portable media player and the invention itself Despite this simplicity, an embodiment of the current invention may provide elaborate control of the recording device by allowing an advanced user to set or override the automatically configured parameters through user configuration data that may be entered through a button interface or as a data file, array, structure, or any other format that may reside in the portable media player&#39;s memory or in any other storage device. The user may therefore acquire control of the automatic configuration module and may override or set all the device parameters including the types of encoders/decoders, file formats, bit-rates, duration of recording and others. 
         [0029]    Different embodiments of the present invention may contain features like dynamic source detection, whereby the selection of the appropriate A/V source is made dynamically on the basis of the availability of the A/V signal; dynamic video standard detection, whereby the selection of NTSC/PAL/SECAM video standards is made automatically; automatic media detection, whereby the type and make of media storage device is detected automatically; and automatic portable media player detection, whereby different brands and makes of portable media players are identified automatically. Different embodiments of the present invention may provide support for FAT32, FAT16, HFS, HFS+, Ext2, Ext3, NTFS, or any other standard or proprietary file system. Moreover, embodiments of the present invention may support MP4, MOV, AVI, ASF, or any other standard or proprietary file format. 
         [0030]    Certain embodiments of the present invention may use a remote control device for configuration and control. The remote control device may contain a single or a plurality of buttons, and may control the entire features or a sub-set of the entire features of the recorder device. A single or a plurality of buttons may be housed on both the recorder device and the remote control device or on either one of them. The remote control device may communicate with the recorder device through any wired or wireless means. An embodiment of the present invention may also contain a docking station for interfacing with and/or holding a portable media player. 
         [0031]    An embodiment of the present invention may contain a TCP/IP stack or any other suitable communication stack to connect to networked devices. An embodiment of the present invention may further contain an RF tuner for receiving digital/analogue broadcast signals. It may also be noted that although the present invention has been described from the perspective of a standard portable media player, an embodiment of the device may easily record and store to any portable device that stores and plays back still-image, audio, video, or A/V contents, such as a mobile phone or a PDA. A device as described by the current invention may be powered by a battery, an AC source, or a DC source. 
         [0032]    In one embodiment as shown in  FIG. 1 , the recording apparatus  10  comprises an input module  12 , a converter module  14 , an output module  16 , a user interface module  18  and a detection/configuration module  20 . As will be further described below, the recording apparatus  10  is used to facilitate the transfer of A/V contents from an A/V input source  22  to a portable media player  24  and/or a general purpose storage device  26 . The transfer can be effected simultaneously as the A/V contents are being played by the A/V input source  22 . For example, in the case where the A/V input source  22  is a television, the A/V contents can be viewed by a user on the television in real-time while the transfer is being effected on the portable media player  24  and/or the general purpose storage device  26 . Optionally, the A/V contents being recorded can also be played simultaneously on the portable media player  24  thereby allowing a user to watch what is being recorded onto the portable media player  24 . 
         [0033]    The input module  12  is configured to receive A/V contents in analog or digital form from the A/V input source  22 . The A/V contents may be single-channel or multiple channel. The converter module  14  is configured to encode or transcode the A/V contents received by the input module  12  to a desired format. The output module  16  is configured to transfer the encoded or transcoded contents directly to a memory associated with the portable media player  24 . The memory associated with the portable media player  24  may be internal or external to the portable media player  24 . The recording apparatus  10  can also store its output to the general purpose storage device  26  other than the portable media player  24 . The portable media player  24  and the general storage device  26  may comprise a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a compact flash, a secure digital (SD) card, a multi-media card, a memory stick, a flash drive or any other storage medium. 
         [0034]    As noted above, the recording apparatus  10  captures A/V contents in analog/digital form from the A/V input source  22 . The A/V input source  22  may include a video camera, a DVD player, a set top box, a VCR, a TV set, or any other media storage or transmission device. The recording apparatus  10  may use various video standards, such as, CVBS, S-Video, Component Video, RGB, DVI, HDMI, LVDS, ITU-R BT.656 and the like for analog/digital video input. The recording apparatus  10  may also use various audio standards, such as, I2S and PCM and the like for analog/digital audio input. 
         [0035]    In the case of analog contents, such contents are captured by the input module  12  and suitably processed and digitized. In the case of digital contents, such contents are passed onto the converter module  14  with minimal processing. 
         [0036]    The converter module  14  receives the output from the input module  12 . The converter module  14  may be configured to handle any suitable audio and/or video compression method as provided by, for example, MPEG1, MPEG2, MPEG4, H.263, H264, AAC, MP2, MP3, AC-3 standards, or any other standard or proprietary compression algorithm. It is worth noting that the scope of the present invention is not limited by any encoder algorithm/architecture or A/V multiplexing algorithm/architecture. The converter module  14  compresses the A/V contents into a desired format and passes them onto the output module  16 . 
         [0037]    The output module  16  transfers and stores the compressed A/V contents directly to the memory associated with the portable media player  24  in playback ready form. The output module  16  may also transfer the compressed A/V contents to a general purpose storage device  26  other than the portable media player  24 . The output module  16  may employ any wired or wireless means like USB, Ethernet, FireWire, BlueTooth, IrDA, Wi-Fi, or any other suitable protocol or standard for data transfer. 
         [0038]    In another embodiment, the recording apparatus  10  receives compressed or uncompressed A/V contents in digital form from a computer, a set top box, or any other storage or transmission device. The input module  12  may employ USB, Ethernet, or any other appropriate wired or wireless means for data transfer. In the case of compressed data, the digital A/V contents are passed onto the converter module  14  that includes transcoding functions for decoding and re-encoding the A/V contents to and from any desired format, such as, MPEG1, MPEG2, MPEG4, H.263, H264, AAC, MP2, MP3, AC-3, or any other standard or proprietary format. In the case of uncompressed data, the decoding step is bypassed and the A/V contents are encoded by the converter module  14 . It is worth noting that the scope of the present invention is not limited by any encoder or transcoder algorithm/architecture or A/V multiplexing algorithm/architecture. The encoded or re-encoded A/V contents are passed onto the output module  16 . 
         [0039]    The output module  16  transfers and stores the compressed A/V contents directly to the memory associated with the portable media player  24  in playback ready form. The output module  16  may also transfer the compressed A/V contents to a general purpose storage device  26  other than the portable media player  24 . The output module  16  may employ any wired or wireless means like USB, Ethernet, FireWire, BlueTooth, IrDA, Wi-Fi, or any other suitable protocol or standard for data transfer. 
         [0040]    The recording apparatus  10  further includes the user interface module  18  and the detection/configuration module  20 . The user interface module  18  is configured to accept input from a user. The input from the user may be used to control the operation of the recording apparatus  10 . The detection/configuration module  20  is configured to receive information including recording parameters from the portable media player  24  and/or the general purpose storage device  26  and use such information to configure the input module  12 , the converter module  14  and the output module  16  so as to generate the output in the appropriate format for the portable media player  24  and/or the general purpose storage device  26 . Alternatively, the detection/configuration module  20  may also receive the information from other sources, such as, a download from a website on the Internet. 
         [0041]    The detection/configuration module  20  also performs a detection function to determine the type of portable media player connected to the output module  16 . The detection/configuration module  20  may utilize any standard protocol governing plug-and-play devices such as USB, FireWire or BlueTooth, or any other device protocol, to obtain the device/vendor ID of the portable media player connected to the recording apparatus. The configuration module uses the device/vendor ID to select appropriate A/V transcoding, A/V encoding, multiplexing, and file formats, and sets rate distortion parameters suitable for the target portable media player. The encoder or transcoder modules compress the A/V contents into a desired format as prescribed by the detection and configuration modules and pass them on to the output module. The output module  16  transfers and stores the compressed media contents directly to the portable media player storage memory in playback ready form. The output module may also transfer the compressed media contents to a general purpose storage device other than a portable media player. The output module may employ any wired or wireless means like USB, Ethernet, FireWire, BlueTooth, IrDA, Wi-Fi, or any other suitable protocol or standard for data transfer. 
         [0042]      FIG. 2  illustrates another embodiment of the present invention. The recording apparatus  10  includes a video capture and digitizer  32 , an audio capture and digitizer  34 , a digital signal processor  36 , a portable media player (PMP)/storage interface  38 , a record button  40 , a random access memory  42 , a flash memory  44  and a power supply  46 . 
         [0043]    The video capture and digitizer  32  and the audio capture and digitizer  34  perform functions that are similar to those described above in connection with the input module  12 . These digitizers  32 ,  34  receive video and audio inputs respectively from the A/V input source  22  (not shown in  FIG. 2 ) and then render these inputs into digital form. Output from the digitizers  32 ,  34  is then forwarded to the digital signal processor  36  for processing into a desired format. Subsequently, output from the digital signal processor  36  is forwarded to the PMP/storage interface  38  for delivery to the portable media player  24  and/or the general purpose storage device  26  (not shown in  FIG. 2 ). 
         [0044]    The record button  40  is used by the user to initiate recording of the A/V contents from the A/V input source  22  onto the portable media player  24  and/or the general purpose storage device  26 . In this embodiment, the user may simply press the record button  40  to initiate the recording operation by the recording apparatus  30  without any further action on the part of the user. 
         [0045]    While the recording apparatus  10  is described above in connection with A/V contents, it should be understood that the recording apparatus  10  may also be used to record and store audio-only, video-only or still-image contents in a manner similar to that described for A/V contents. 
         [0046]    Different embodiments of the present invention may contain features like dynamic source detection, whereby the selection of the appropriate A/V input source is made dynamically on the basis of the availability of the A/V signal; dynamic video standard detection, whereby the selection of NTSC/PAL/SECAM video standards is made automatically; automatic media detection, whereby the type and make of media storage device is detected automatically; and automatic portable media player detection, whereby different brands and makes of portable media players are identified automatically. 
         [0047]    Different embodiments of the present invention may also provide support for FAT32, FAT16, HFS, HFS+, Ext2, Ext3, NTFS, or any other standard or proprietary file system. Moreover, embodiments of the present invention may support MP4, MOV, AVI, ASF, or any other standard or proprietary file format. 
         [0048]    Certain embodiments of the present invention may use a remote control device for configuration and control. The remote control device may contain one or more buttons, which may be used to control some or all of the features or functions of the recording apparatus. One or more buttons may be housed on both the recording apparatus device and the remote control device or on either one of them. The remote control device may communicate with the recording apparatus through any wired or wireless means. One embodiment of the present invention may contain a docking station for interfacing with and/or holding a portable media player. 
         [0049]    An embodiment of the present invention may contain a TCP/IP stack or any other suitable communication stack to allow for connection to one or more networked devices. In one embodiment, the A/V data provided by the A/V input source  22  is in digital bit-stream in compressed or uncompressed form streaming from a network device or source or read from the portable media player  24  or the general purpose storage device  26 . 
         [0050]    An embodiment of the present invention may further contain an RF tuner for receiving digital/analog broadcast signals. It may also be noted that although the present invention has been described in the context of a portable media player, an embodiment of the recording apparatus may easily record and store to any portable device that stores and plays back still-image, audio, video, or A/V contents, such as, a mobile phone or a PDA (personal digital assistant). Furthermore, the recorded A/V contents can also be played back by software media players on any non-portable devices, such as, a desktop computer and the like. 
         [0051]    One embodiment of the present invention is a stand-alone device. However, it should be noted that there may be instances where the recording apparatus is housed in a host device, and the recording apparatus may even share some of the circuitry of the host device. The purpose of such an arrangement would be to enhance the functionality of the host device by providing the facility of direct recording of A/V contents to a portable media player. For example, in one embodiment, the recording apparatus may be housed in a set top box, a TV set, a camcorder, a video camera, a DVD player, a VCD player, a DVR, a VCR, or any other media player. 
         [0052]    The recording apparatus  10  of the present invention may be deployed in various situations, as depicted in  FIGS. 3-10 . In  FIG. 3 , the recording apparatus  10  receives and processes A/V contents from an analog/digital source  48 . In this case, the recording apparatus  10  can utilize an appropriate A/V encoder to generate the output in a desired format. The recording apparatus  10  then forwards its output to the portable media player  24  and/or the general purpose storage device  26  for playback and/or storage. 
         [0053]    In  FIG. 4 , the recording apparatus  10  receives and processes digital A/V contents from a digital source  50 . In this case, the recording apparatus  10  can utilize an appropriate A/V transcoder and/or A/V encoder to generate the output in a desired format. The recording apparatus  10  then forwards its output to the portable media player  24  and/or the general purpose storage device  26  for playback and/or storage. 
         [0054]    In  FIG. 5 , the recording apparatus  10  receives A/V contents from a set top box  52 . The recording apparatus  10  processes the A/V contents and then forwards its output to the portable media player  24  for playback and/or storage. 
         [0055]    In  FIG. 6 , the recording apparatus  10  receives A/V contents transmitted over the air by a transmitting source (not shown). The recording apparatus  10  processes the A/V contents and then forwards its output to the portable media player  24  for playback and/or storage. 
         [0056]    In  FIG. 7 , the recording apparatus  10  receives A/V contents from the general purpose storage device  26 . The recording apparatus  10  processes the A/V contents and then forwards its output to the portable media player  24  for playback and/or storage. 
         [0057]    In  FIG. 8 , the recording apparatus  10  receives A/V contents from one portable media player  24   a . The recording apparatus  10  processes the A/V contents and then forwards its output to another portable media player  24   b  for playback and/or storage. 
         [0058]    In  FIG. 9 , the recording apparatus  10  receives A/V contents from the portable media player  24  and then transfers the encoded/transcoded A/V contents back to the same portable media player  24 . 
         [0059]    In  FIG. 10 , the recording apparatus  10  receives A/V contents from the general purpose storage device  26  and then transfers the encoded/transcoded A/V contents back to the same general purpose storage device  26 . 
         [0060]      FIG. 11  illustrates one operational flow of one embodiment of the recording apparatus  10 . At block  60 , the recording apparatus  10  is connected to the A/V input source  22  and the portable media player  24 . The recording apparatus  10  is then powered up. At block  62 , the recording apparatus  10  performs its initialization procedures, such as, automatic detection of signal source, video standard and portable media player type. At block  64 , the user activates the recording process by pressing the record button  40  on the recording apparatus  10 . In response, the recording apparatus  10  processes and transfers the A/V contents from the A/V input source  22  to the portable media player  24  for playback and/or storage. At block  66 , the user may discontinue the recording process by pressing the record button  40  again. At block  68 , the user may then play the recorded A/V contents on the portable media player  24  by selecting the appropriate file from a play list. 
         [0061]      FIG. 12  illustrates another operational flow of one embodiment of the recording apparatus  10 . At block  70 , the recording apparatus  10  is connected to the A/V input source  22  and the portable media player  24 . The recording apparatus  10  is then powered up. At block  72 , the recording apparatus  10  performs its initialization procedures, such as, automatic detection of signal source, video standard and portable media player type. At block  74 , the user activates the recording process by pressing the record button  40  on the recording apparatus  10 . In response, the recording apparatus  10  processes and transfers the A/V contents from the A/V input source  22  to the portable media player  24  for playback and/or storage. At block  76 , the user may discontinue the recording process by pressing the record button  40  again. At block  78 , the user may choose to record another A/V file. If so, the processes at blocks  74 ,  76  are repeated again. If not, at block  80 , the user may play the recorded A/V contents on the portable media player  24  by selecting the appropriate file from a play list. 
         [0062]      FIG. 13  illustrates a further operational flow of one embodiment of the recording apparatus  10 . At block  90 , the recording apparatus  10  is connected to the A/V input source  22  and the portable media player  24 . The recording apparatus  10  is then powered up. At block  92 , the recording apparatus  10  performs its initialization procedures, such as, automatic detection of signal source, video standard and portable media player type. At block  94 , the user activates the recording process by pressing the record button  40  on the recording apparatus  10 . In response, the recording apparatus  10  processes and transfers the A/V contents from the A/V input source  22  to the portable media player  24  for playback and/or storage. At block  96 , the user may discontinue the recording process by pressing the record button  40  again. At block  98 , the user may manually add the recorded A/V file to a play list associated with the portable media player  24 . At block  100 , the user may then play the recorded A/V file on the portable media player  24  by selecting the appropriate file from the play list. 
         [0063]      FIG. 14  illustrates another operational flow of one embodiment of the recording apparatus  10 . At block  110 , the recording apparatus  10  is connected to the A/V input source  22  and the general purpose storage device  26 . The recording apparatus  10  is then powered up. At block  112 , the recording apparatus  10  performs its initialization procedures, such as, automatic detection of signal source, video standard and storage device type. At block  114 , the user activates the recording process by pressing the record button  40  on the recording apparatus  10 . In response, the recording apparatus  10  processes and transfers the A/V contents from the A/V input source  22  to the general purpose storage device  26  for storage. At block  116 , the user may discontinue the recording process by pressing the record button  40  again. At block  118 , the user may choose to record another A/V file. If so, the processes at blocks  114 ,  116  are repeated again. If not, at block  120 , the user may copy the recorded A/V contents from the general purpose storage device  26  to the portable media player  24  and play the recorded A/V contents on the portable media player  24  by selecting the appropriate file from a play list. 
         [0064]    One advantage of the present invention is its ability to record analog and/or digital A/V contents directly to a portable media player in one step, without requiring any intermediate storage. The stored contents can be played back by the portable media player  24  immediately upon stopping the recording. Alternatively, the stored contents can be played back by the portable media player  24  simultaneously as the recording takes place, thereby allowing a user to watch what is being recorded onto the portable media player  24 . 
         [0065]    Furthermore, in this context, the recording apparatus  10  gives portable media player users the option of managing their own play lists or allowing the recording apparatus to update the play lists automatically. In the first option, the recording apparatus  10  treats a portable media player  24  as any other mass storage device and the play lists are left untouched, while in the latter option, the portable media player file structure and play lists are updated to allow instant playback of the recorded contents. 
         [0066]    Moreover, the recording apparatus  10  may also be configured to control and use some of the resources available on the portable media player  24 , including, for example, display screen, buttons, and memory. Such resources may be used to receive input from the user and/or display output to the user. 
         [0067]    Another advantage of the present invention is its simplicity and ease of use whereby transfer of the A NV contents involves no additional devices other than the A/V input source  22 , the recording apparatus  10  and the portable media player  24  and/or the general purpose storage device  26 . An embodiment of the present invention may further provide a one-button control interface to a user. By clicking the button once, the user may initiate the transferring of the A/V contents onto the portable media player without any other input from the user. In other words, only a single user interaction, such as, pressing the button once, is needed to effect the transfer process. It should be noted that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the number or type of button(s) used in the control interface. A button may be a switch or key of any type, a touch sensor, part of a touch screen, or any other electronic or mechanical device. The user of the present invention does not require any knowledge or experience in operating a computer or any other signal processing device other than the portable media player and the recording apparatus. Despite this simplicity, an embodiment of the present invention may provide elaborate control of the recording apparatus to an advanced user through configuration data that may be stored as a data file, array, structure, or any other format. The configuration data may reside in the portable media player or in any other storage device. The configuration data is handled by a configuration module and may provide control of all the device parameters including the type of encoders/decoders, the bit-rates, duration of recording and other parameters. 
         [0068]    The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, elements, and/or components described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic component, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing components, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a number of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. 
         [0069]    The methods or algorithms described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executable by a processor, or in a combination of both, in the form of control logic, programming instructions, or other directions, and may be contained in a single device or distributed across multiple devices. A software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. A storage medium may be coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. 
         [0070]    The current invention may be embodied as a stand-alone device or may be housed in a host device. In one embodiment, the device may even share some of the circuitry of the host, which enhances the functionality of the host device by providing the facility of direct recording of A/V contents to a variety of portable media players. For instance, an exemplary recording device may be implemented in a set-top-box, TV set, camcorder, video camera, DVD player, VCD player, DVR, VCR, or any other media player. 
         [0071]    The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit of scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the full scope consistent with the claims, wherein reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more”. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various embodiments described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. No claim element is to be construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. §112, sixth paragraph, unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for” or, in the case of a method claim, the element is recited using the phrase “step for.”