Abstract:
A microprocessor based controller for electric liturgical lights similar to an array of votive candles including controllable duration of &#34;burn&#34; as well as selective actuation by the user in a variety of modes. The duration of burn for all lights is controlled by a singular timer which is located within the stand supporting the array. Data indicative of the operational state of a light array may also be transferred to a remote light array for continuation of operation at the remote site.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     In many religious denominations, worshippers customarily light votive candles in honor or commemoration of certain festivals or events. Typically, such candles burn for a predetermined duration and are displayed within the church on stands capable of holding an array of lit candles. 
     In many large religious institutions, multiple candle stands are employed in order to satisfy the needs of a great number of congregants. Commonly, several large stands each containing more than fifty lit candles may be used simultaneously. 
     In recent years, several techniques have been employed to modernize the votive candle. Such devices as oil candles (which burn liquid oil and may be filled and maintained more easily and cheaply than the continued purchase of wax candles) have found favor in religious institutions. Even more recently, electric light bulbs which simulate the yellow and flickering light of a candle have become popular. 
     Because electric light bulbs do not &#34;burn down&#34; like a candle, some method of controlling the duration of actuation of these light bulbs is needed. Typical of such a method is a mechanical timer which is set for a predetermined duration of burn and extinguishes the light bulb by actuation of a switch at the conclusion of that predetermined time interval. Such a mechanical timing device performs satisfactorily for locations where a uniform time of actuation is desirable. However, most such systems are incapable of being actuated for precisely controlled variable periods. Such mechanical timers are also an integral part of a light stand and are subject to breakage which renders the stand inoperable. 
     Among the types of electric bulbs used in votive candle stands, the most desirable are neon &#34;flicker flame&#34; bulbs which operate from a 110 volt AC power source. Although low voltage candle type bulbs have been developed, these bulbs commonly fail to faithfully reproduce the light of a wax or oil candle flame as faithfully as the higher voltage bulbs. In systems employing low voltage electrical lights, control of such lights by electrical circuits using solid state timers is known. Such systems typically employ standard solid state timer components such as 555 type devices and are typically operable only for a single predetermined period of time. Such a timer device is started by the actuation of a switch associated with a particular lamp and begins to count down time from a predetermined level. Upon reaching zero, such systems typically switch a power transistor in order to extinguish the particular light associated with a given timer chip. 
     Although such electronic systems are superior in function and reliability to prior mechanical systems, they still lack certain desirable features and fail to adequately simulate the light of a candle flame due to their use of low voltage bulbs. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     A microprocessor based controller for high voltage electric liturgical lights similar to an array of votive candles including controllable duration of &#34;burn&#34; as well as selective actuation by the user in a variety of modes. The duration of burn for all lights is controlled by a singular timer which is located within the stand supporting the array. Data indicative of the operational state of a light array may be transferred to a remote light array for continuation of operation at the remote site. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
     FIG. 1 shows the votive light system of the present invention. 
     FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the electronic circuitry of the present invention. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     A self-contained microprocessor controlled electronic votive candle stand. All functions are controlled by a program operating on a microprocessor within the candle stand. A plurality of lights may be selectively actuated in acordance with the wishes of particular worshippers, who may actuate such lights in any of a plurality of different operating modes. A variable actuation period for all lights is controlled by a singular timing device implemented within the microprocessor. Data indicative of remaining burn time and associated with each of the plurality of lights may be transmitted or received by a separate votive candle stand in order to &#34;relocate&#34; the stand. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Referring now to FIG. 1, electric votive light controller system 14 is shown supported by stand 18. Electric votive light controller system 14 includes an array of lamps 120 which may be arranged in the form of five rows 16 each containing twelve lamps 120. Corresponding to each lamp 120 there is a key switch 12 on the front of row 16. Each key switch 12 may be used to actuate its corresponding lamp 120 for a predetermined period of time. 
     Referring now to FIG. 2, there is shown a block diagram of electric votive candle system 14 of the present invention. At the heart of this system is general purpose microprocessor 30 operating under control of a program which is stored in memory 50 connected to microprocessor 30 by way of bidirectional data and address bus 40. 
     Key switch matrix 10 which comprises a plurality of switches 12 is located on the front of rows 16 as previously described. Each switch 12 is associated with a single lamp 120 and is scanned by microprocessor 30 to determine the identity of an actuated switch. Key switch matrix 10 of five rows and twelve columns provides sixty uniquely addressable key switch locations, each location corresponding to a single switch 12. Thus each switch 12 is associated with a single lamp address which may include the row and column of the associated lamp 120. Lamps 120 of system 14 may be arranged other than in five rows and twelve columns. For example, lamps 120 may be arranged in six rows and ten columns. Key switch matrix 10 is arranged with the same number of rows and columns as lamps 120. The scanning of key switch matrix 10 is accomplished during the MAIN LOOP procedure of the control program. 
     To control the actuation of a plurality of lamps 120, microprocessor 30 communicates by bus 90 with a plurality of addressable latches in latch array 100. Each addressable latched bit is associated with a switch 12 and is connected to a triac 110, which controls the delivery of 110 volt AC power from AC current source 130 to the addressed lamp 120. Thus when a switch 12 is actuated, the address of its associated lamp 120 is determined by microprocessor 30 and the corresponding latch in latch matrix 100 is addressed using bus 90. Lamp 120 is a neon &#34;flicker flame&#34; bulb. A single AC current source 130 may deliver power to a plurality of lamps 120. 
     FIG. 2 depicts only one triac 110 and one lamp 120 connected to AC current source 130. In practice, each bit available in latch matrix 100 is connected to a corresponding triac 110 and lamp 120. 
     Microprocessor 30 is also provided with bidirectional I/O port 60 for communication with other devices such as remote system 80. Commonly, bidirectional port 60 is connected by a pair of conductors to a similar port on remote system 80. Remote system 80 may be an identical votive candle stand, or may be a general purpose microprocessor system of any desired type. Under control of a transfer initiation routine, microprocessor 30 may be directed to transmit information contained in memory 50 via communications link 70 to remote system 80. Information transferred via communications link 70 may include status data such as the designation of each lamp 120 which is lit and its remaining burn time. 
     The transmission of information occurs in a serial format which is verified for accuracy by the use of complementary data and strobe bits. Such transmission of data is controlled by the TRANSFER TX ROUTINE, while data reception is controlled by the TRANSFER RX ROUTINE. See Appendix. TRANSFER TX ROUTINE and TRANSFER RX ROUTINE may be found in the Appendix which includes a complete pseudo-code listing of a program which may reside in memory 50 to implement the functions of system 15. 
     To prepare system 14 to receive a transmission, system 14 it is turned off and then back on, causing system 14 to enter an initialization mode. When system 14 is in the initialization mode the three leftmost lamps on the bottommost row 16 remain lit. The switch 12 corresponding to the third lit lamp is depressed causing the system to enter the receive mode. This switch 12 is thus the Receive switch. A Transmit switch (not shown) located on the underside of the transmitting system 14 is then depressed for three seconds. This causes the status data to be transmitted from the transmitting system to the receiving system. 
     After successful transmission of status data, all lamps 120 of the transmitting electric votive candle control system may be cleared by holding the Transmit switch in the depressed position for five seconds. This permits new data to be entered at switch matrix 10 of the transmitting system using individual switches 12. All data formerly contained within the transmitting control system is executed upon receipt by the receiving control system with no appreciable alteration of lamp burn durations. If the Transmit switch is depressed between three and five seconds the status information is transmitted to the receiving system but is not cleared from the sending system. Thus data is processed at both systems. 
     A predetermined duration of burn time may be programmed into system 14. To program system 14, power to system 14 is turned off and then turned on causing system 14 to enter the initialization mode. In the initialization mode all lamps 120 are lit for five seconds as a test. When the test period is over, system 14 is programmed using the three leftmost switches 12 on the bottommost row 16. The three leftmost lamps 120, corresponding to these three programming switches, remain lit after the test period to prompt the programmer. The leftmost switch 12 of bottommost row 16 may be used to program the number of days of burn time. System 14 inputs one day for each press of the leftmost switch 12. For example, if the burn duration is to be two days, then the leftmost switch 12 of the bottommost row 16 is pressed two times. 
     In a similar manner, the second switch 12 from the left of bottommost row 16 is used to program the number of hours of burn duration. For example, if a burn duration of five hours is desired, the second switch 12 from the left of bottommost row 16 is pressed five times. 
     When the days and hours of burn duration have been entered, the third switch 12 from the left on bottommost row 16 is used as a Set switch. Depressing this Set switch enters into the program of system 14 the number of days and hours indicated by depressing the two leftmost switches 12. Note that this Set switch is the same switch 12 which serves as the Receive switch when no program data is entered on the two leftmost switches 12. 
     System 14 may include an offering option. The system detects this automatically. When system 14 runs with the offering option installed a user must deposit an offering in an offering box (not shown) before making a candle selection. The presence of the offering box is detected automatically by system 14. 
     During programming of system 14 the top two rows 16 indicate the status of the programming. Starting from the left of the top row 16 one lamp 120 is lit for each day of burn time programmed. On the second row 16 from the top, one lamp 120 is lit for each hour programmed. 
     System 14 may also operate in a split mode. When system 14 operates in a split mode the lower two rows 16 and the upper three rows 16 may operate as independent systems in a manner similar to that previously described. The two independent subsystems thus formed may be programmed to have different burn times. 
     To program system 12 to operate in the split mode, system 14 is placed in the initialization mode as previously described. The burn time for the lower system is selected using the two leftmost buttons of the bottommost row as previously described. The previously described Set switch is not depressed at this point. The burn time for the upper system is then selected by using the two leftmost switches 12 of the the topmost row 16, in which the leftmost switch 12 of the topmost row 16 inputs the days of burn time of the upper system and the second switch 12 from the left inputs the hours of burn time of the upper system. The third button from the left of bottommost row 16 is then used as the Set switch which enters into the program of system 14 the burn times of the upper and lower systems. 
     In light controller system 14 the following components have been used for the operation and function as described and shown. 
     
         ______________________________________ReferenceNumeral       Component______________________________________ 30           MC68705U3100           4042______________________________________ 
    
     The following is a listing for the firmware for memory 50. This listing carries out the operations of controller system 14 and is expressed in pseudo code. ##SPC1##