Abstract:
The present disclosure provides a method and system for intelligently managed multi-mode wireless transfer of energy for charging and/or powering electronics devices. Such a system may include a near field energy transfer mode and a far field energy transfer mode that when intelligently combined or used selectively at particular ranges yields an overall improved result. An energy transfer unit connected to a power source may transfer energy over-the-air within range of at least one mode to one or more electronic devices integrated with an energy receiving unit for converting transferred energy to usable power suitable for charging and/or powering of the electronic device. The system may intelligently manage the selection, combination and/or switching of modes as optimally determined by at least one integrated control circuit combined with a communications protocol.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
       [0001]    The present disclosure relates to providing wireless power to electric or electronic devices and more particularly to improving the wireless transfer of power to devices for charging and/or sustaining power to those device loads. 
       2. Description of the Related Art 
       [0002]    Common electric or electronic devices consume significant levels of electric power with use and a considerable amount of usage occurs while away from main AC power sources traditionally used to supply power to such devices. Due to battery storage limitations, the need for frequent recharging exists in order to sustain device operation. Furthermore, the prevalence of portable electronic devices and devices operating in areas where immediate physical connection with a traditional power source is unavailable, has resulted in increased complexity for management and maintenance of connected electrical power adapters and traditional power sources dependent on power conducting cables. 
         [0003]    Current solutions to this problem are based on a singular type of wireless power transfer typically involving magnetic induction, resonating coils or electromagnetic microwave radiation whereby the restrictions on use and distance result in either higher power at short distances or lower power at greater distances. Nevertheless, an obvious combination of two singular incompatible wireless powering techniques is ineffective for consideration as one viable solution when combined. For the foregoing reasons, there is a need for an intelligent system to provide a comprehensive multi-mode wireless power delivery solution without said limitations. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0004]    In one aspect, the present invention is embodied as a system and method of providing intelligent wireless power to a device load. This includes a) transmitting a directed energy signal over-the-air from an energy transferring unit (ETU) to an energy receiving unit (ERU) of a device load in a first mode when the ERU is in the proximity of a far field range of the ETU; and, b) generating a resonant magnetic field over-the-air by the ETU wherein the resonant magnetic field is coupled with an ERU magnetic field at the same resonant frequency of the device load in a second mode when the ERU is in the proximity of a near field coupling range of the ETU. Energy is transferred to the ERU from the ETU selectively and intelligently by managing the directed energy signal transmission and the resonant magnetic field to deliver energy as needed by one or both modes simultaneously and with consideration to the device load&#39;s energy requirement, energy priority and device load&#39;s range relative to the ETU. 
         [0005]    In one embodiment, the ETU includes a far field transmitter configured to wirelessly transmit the directed energy signal; and, a source resonator configured to generate the resonate magnetic field. The ERU includes a far field receiver configured to wirelessly receive the directed energy signal transmitted from the far field transmitter; and, a capture resonator configured to capture resonant magnetic energy in the near field generated by the source resonator. 
         [0006]    In one aspect, the present invention is embodied as a method of managing multi-mode transfer of wireless power. The method includes intelligently optimizing the wireless transfer of energy from a multi-mode energy transfer unit (ETU), and capturing and receiving the optimized energy transferred wirelessly over varying distances by one or more energy receiving units (ERU&#39;s). 
         [0007]    The present invention via a novel approach, addresses the current shortcomings of existing single-mode wireless power delivery systems such as low energy transfer from a far field source or limited spatial freedom from a near field source which are exclusively inherent to these technologies while obviating the need for traditional wired or cabled power delivery methods. The advantages of the present invention include increased efficiency, added redundancy for applications where critical loss of available power could be detrimental to the device user and optional spatial versatility when lower energy transfer rates are acceptable while sustaining power to or charging an electric or electronic device. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0008]      FIG. 1  is a schematic illustration of the system for providing intelligent wireless power to a device load, including an energy transfer unit (ETU) and energy receiving unit (ERU), in accordance with the principles of the present invention. 
           [0009]      FIG. 2  is a flowchart showing the method for intelligent power transfer management via the MCC based on optimized mode requirements. 
           [0010]      FIG. 3  is a flowchart that illustrates the method for intelligent power transfer management via the MCC based on power priority. 
           [0011]      FIG. 4  is an illustration of the maximum power transfer when in range of both near field and far field modes. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0012]    Referring now to the drawings and the characters of reference marked thereon,  FIG. 1  illustrates the system for providing intelligent wireless power to a device load in accordance with the principles of the present invention, designated generally as  10 . The system  10  includes an energy transferring unit (ETU)  12  and an energy receiving unit (ERU)  14 . The ETU  12  is configured to 1) transmit a directed energy signal  16  over-the-air in a first mode and 2) generate a resonate magnetic field  18  over-the-air in a second mode, as will be explained in detail below. The ERU  14  is configured to 1) receive the directed energy signal  16  from the ETU  12  when the ERU is in the proximity of a far field range of the ETU; and 2) couple an ERU magnetic field  20  thereof to the resonate magnetic field  18  in the second mode when the ERU is in the proximity of a near field range of the ETU, as will be explained in detail below. 
         [0013]    The ETU  12  includes a far field transmitter  22  configured to wirelessly transmit the directed energy signal  16 ; and, a source resonator  24  configured to generate the resonant magnetic field  18 . The ERU  14  includes a far field receiver  26  configured to wirelessly receive the directed energy signal  16  transmitted from the far field transmitter  22 ; and, a capture resonator  28  configured to capture resonant magnetic energy  18  in the near field generated by the source resonator  24 . 
         [0014]    In one embodiment, the ETU  12  includes an ETU micro-controller circuit (ETU MCC)  29  operatively connected to a power source  30  and configured to intelligently induce wireless transfer of energy within the near field, far field or both as required, and to manage the distribution and priority of energy transfer. An ETU communications circuit  32  is configured to communicate information between the ETU  12  and ERU  14 . An ETU amplifier/rectifier circuit  34  is configured to convert the energy for the source resonator  24  and the far field transmitter  22 . 
         [0015]    In one embodiment, the ERU  14  includes an ERU micro-controller circuit (ERU MCC)  36  configured to intelligently manage the distribution of transferred energy from the near field, far field or both modes as required. An ERU communications circuit  38  is configured to communicate information between the ETU  12  and ERU  14 . An ERU amplifier/rectifier circuit  40  is configured to convert the energy from the capture resonator  28  and the far field receiver  26 . The ERU MCC  36  may be integrated into one or more device loads to be charged or powered. 
         [0016]    In one embodiment, the source resonator  24  includes a source coil  42  operatively connected to an ETU impedance matching circuit (ETU IMC)  44 . The capture resonator  28  comprises a capture coil  46  operatively connected to an ERU impedance matching circuit  48 . 
         [0017]    The far field transmitter  22  includes a signal conversion module  50  and a far field transmitter antenna(s)  52  whereby the amplified/rectified power is converted by the signal conversion module  50  to an energy signal suitable for transmission via the far field transmitter antenna(s)  52 . 
         [0018]    The far field receiver  26  includes a signal conversion module  54  and a far field receiver antenna(s)  56 . 
         [0019]    The transmitters and resonators convert electrical power to energy signals at an ISM frequency band appropriately optimized for the application of the system and within accordance of regulatory rules and laws governing such wireless operations. 
         [0020]    Referring now to  FIG. 2 , a flow chart of the method for intelligent energy transfer management via either the ETU MCC or the ERU MCC where applicable, based on optimized mode requirements, is illustrated. In a first step (Step  1 ), the MCC checks for the requirements of a dual session in order to provide a device load with as much power as efficiently possible for charging and powering of the device load. If dual session is determined by the ETU MCC to be available and appropriate, energy will be transferred from both near and far field sources. However, if there is a determination as to whether altered range requirements exist (i.e. the device load moves out of a particular range where a dual session is no longer available), then Step  1  is initiated. If it is determined that an altered range requirement does not exist, then energy transfer shall be sustained until said device load initiates the termination of energy transfer. 
         [0021]    In Step  1 , if Dual Session is unavailable, then a search is initiated for a near field session. If a near field session is detected and initiated, the device load will then receive power from the near field session. Once power is received then a determination is made whether or not there are altered range requirements by the device load leaving near field range, followed by a check for a far field Session. Failing both the near-field and far field check will default back to step  1 . If it is determined that an altered range requirement does not exist, then energy transfer shall be sustained until said device load initiates the termination of energy transfer. 
         [0022]    If the availability of dual session does not exist, and a near field session is not detected then a search is initiated for a far field session. If a far field session is detected then there is a determination as to whether altered range requirements exist. If so, then Step  1  is initiated. If it is determined that an altered range requirement does not exist, then energy transfer shall be sustained until said device load initiates the termination of energy transfer. If a far field session is not detected and determined available then Step  1  is initiated. 
         [0023]    Referring now to  FIG. 3 , a flow chart of the method for intelligent energy transfer management via either the ETU MCC or the ERU MCC where applicable, based on power priority, is illustrated. In a first step, if a device load is in a low power state, then prioritization and optimization for power transfer to that device load is initiated by providing a near field and far field dual session if available. If a dual session is unavailable due to the device load being beyond near field range, then a determination is made as to whether the device load is in a far field range. If yes, then a far field session is initiated. 
         [0024]    As shown in  FIG. 4 , a dual session energy range diagram is illustrated. Maximum efficient energy transfer occurs when the ERU is in close proximity with the ETU. In this way, the ERU is able to receive energy from both the far field transmitter and the ETU source resonator simultaneously and providing higher combined power when applicable. The minimum energy transfer occurs when the ERU is at the maximum effective far field range where it can only receive energy transferred from the far field source transmitter. 
         [0025]    Thus, in an embodiment the method of managing multi-mode transfer of wireless power, includes intelligently optimizing the wireless transfer of energy from a multi-mode energy transfer unit (ETU), and capturing and receiving the optimized energy transferred wirelessly over varying distances by one or more energy receiving units (ERU&#39;s). The energy transfer unit (ETU) includes a wireless communication protocol capable of independently identifying each energy receiving unit (ERU), engaging one or more identified ERU&#39;s, and sensing the range of each engaged ERU relative to the ETU, thus generating identification and range data. 
         [0026]    The ETU processes the identification and range data to intelligently determine which mode or modes simultaneously, shall be induced during the wireless energy transfer session of each engaged energy receiving unit in a manner that optimizes energy transfer rate and efficiency. An engaged ERU, upon successfully establishing a communication link with the ETU via said communication protocol, and upon determining the presence of a corresponding software program installed on a device capable of running the software will provide relevant wireless energy transfer session data in a visual format via the software program. 
         [0027]    The ERU may be integrated into a variety a device selected from a group of electronic devices consisting of a computer, laptop computer, mobile phone, smart phone, tablet computer, and tablet phone wherein the device is capable of facilitating and running a software program for the purpose of displaying session data and offering additional command options for the energy transfer session in a visual format. 
         [0028]    The foregoing detailed description has set forth various embodiments of the devices and/or processes via the use of block diagrams, flowcharts, and/or examples. Insofar as such block diagrams, flowcharts, and/or examples contain one or more functions and/or operations, it will be understood by those within the art that each function and/or operation within such block diagrams, flowcharts, or examples can be implemented, individually and/or collectively, by a wide range of hardware, software, firmware, or virtually any combination thereof. In one embodiment, several portions of the subject matter described herein may be implemented via Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), digital signal processors (DSPs), General Purpose Processors (GPPs), Microcontroller Units (MCUs), or other integrated formats. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that some aspects of the embodiments disclosed herein, in whole or in part, can be equivalently implemented in integrated circuits, as one or more computer programs running on one or more computers (e.g., as one or more programs running on one or more computer systems), as one or more programs running on one or more processors (e.g., as one or more programs running on one or more microprocessors), as firmware, or as virtually any combination thereof, and that designing the circuitry and/or writing the code for the software/and or firmware would be well within the skill of one skilled in the art in light of this disclosure. 
         [0029]    In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the mechanisms of some of the subject matter described herein may be capable of being distributed as a program product in a variety of forms, and that an illustrative embodiment of the subject matter described herein applies regardless of the particular type of signal bearing medium used to actually carry out the distribution. Examples of a signal bearing medium include, but are not limited to, the following: a recordable type medium such as a floppy disk, a hard disk drive, a Compact Disc (CD), a Digital Video Disk (DVD), a digital tape, a computer memory, etc.; and a transmission type medium such as a digital and/or an analog communication medium (e.g., a fiber optic cable, a waveguide, a wired communication link, a wireless communication link (e.g., transmitter, receiver, transmission logic, reception logic, etc.). 
         [0030]    Those having skill in the art will recognize that the state of the art has progressed to the point where there is little distinction left between hardware, software, and/or firmware implementations of aspects of systems; the use of hardware, software, and/or firmware is generally (but not always, in that in certain contexts the choice between hardware and software can become significant) a design choice representing cost vs. efficiency tradeoffs. Those having skill in the art will appreciate that there are various vehicles by which processes and/or systems and/or other technologies described herein can be effected (e.g., hardware, software, and/or firmware), and that the preferred vehicle will vary with the context in which the processes and/or systems and/or other technologies are deployed. For example, if an implementer determines that speed and accuracy are paramount, the implementer may opt for a mainly hardware and/or firmware vehicle; alternatively, if flexibility is paramount, the implementer may opt for a mainly software implementation; or, yet again alternatively, the implementer may opt for some combination of hardware, software, and/or firmware. Hence, there are several possible vehicles by which the processes and/or devices and/or other technologies described herein may be effected, none of which is inherently superior to the other in that any vehicle to be utilized is a choice dependent upon the context in which the vehicle will be deployed and the specific concerns (e.g., speed, flexibility, or predictability) of the implementer, any of which may vary. Those skilled in the art will recognize that optical aspects of implementations will typically employ optically-oriented hardware, software, and or firmware. 
         [0031]    As mentioned above, other embodiments and configurations may be devised without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.