Abstract:
The present invention is related to a method of fabricating a rigid-flexible printed circuit board. Specifically, this invention relates to a method of fabricating a rigid-flexible printed circuit board, in which an internal circuit pattern exposed for use in an external pad and a mounting pad is protected from external environments using a resist cover by window etching the base copper foil of a flexible region upon formation of an external circuit pattern as opposed to using a resist cover. Thus the number of fabrication processes and the fabrication costs are decreased and the increase in defect rates due to contamination is prevented, resulting in maximized reliability.

Description:
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE 
   The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2004-0086731 filed on Oct. 28, 2004. The content of the application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   1. Field of the Invention 
   The present invention relates, generally, to a method of fabricating a rigid-flexible printed circuit board (rigid-flexible PCB), and more particularly, to a method of fabricating a flying tail type rigid-flexible PCB that eliminates the need for a resist cover serving to protect a pad portion exposed for use in an external pad and a mounting pad from external environments, by window etching the base copper foil of a flexible region upon the formation of an external circuit pattern, instead of using the resist cover. 
   2. Description of the Related Art 
   Recently, while the degree of integration of semiconductor devices is gradually increasing, the number of pads provided on semiconductor devices to connect the semiconductor devices to external circuits is increasing and the mounting density is also increasing. For example, when a minimum processing dimension on the semiconductor device formed of silicon is about 0.2 μm, about 1000 pads may be provided on a semiconductor device having a size of about 10×10 mm. 
   Further, in semiconductor apparatuses, such as semiconductor packages, having the semiconductor devices mounted thereon, the size and thickness of the apparatus should be decreased to increase the mounting density. In particular, small and thin semiconductor packages are required for portable information apparatuses, such as notebook type PCs, PDAs, mobile phones, etc. 
   For packaging the semiconductor device, while the semiconductor device is mounted on a wiring substrate, the pad of the semiconductor device should be connected to the pad of the wiring substrate. However, in the case where about 1000 pads are provided on the about 10×10 mm sized semiconductor device, they come to have fine pitches of about 40 μm. Hence, with the aim of connecting the pad having the fine pitch of the semiconductor device to the pad of the wiring substrate, very high accuracy is required for wiring on the wiring substrate or position-matching upon connection. Eventually, it is difficult to apply conventional wire bonding techniques or tape automated bonding (TAB) techniques. 
   To solve the problem, the use of a rigid-flexible PCB having rigid and flexible regions interconnected without the use of an additional connector by structurally bonding a rigid substrate and a flexible substrate together is more and more frequently proposed. In particular, the rigid-flexible PCB is mainly applied to small terminals, such as mobile phones, realizing high integration by removing unnecessary space due to the use of the connector, depending on requirements of fine pitches and high integration of mounting parts in proportion to high functionality of the mobile apparatuses. 
   Although the rigid-flexible substrate is manufactured in the most commonly used rigid-flexible-rigid form or the rigid-flexible form, the present invention is directed to a flying tail type comprising only rigid-flexible regions. 
   Referring to  FIGS. 1A to 1I , a conventional process of fabricating a flying tail type rigid-flexible PCB is sequentially shown. 
   In a polyimide copper clad laminate  10  including a polyimide layer  11  and a copper foil  12 , the copper foil  12  is subjected to a photolithographic process to form an internal circuit pattern having a predetermined shape ( FIG. 1A ). 
   Then, to protect the internal circuit pattern corresponding to a flexible region, which is to be formed on the polyimide copper clad laminate  10 , from the external environment, a polyimide film  20  is processed to suit the flexible region. 
   The processed polyimide film  20  is attached to the part of the flexible region having the corresponding internal circuit pattern, using an adhesive, after which the polyimide film  20  is temporarily bonded through manual soldering, thereby completing the process of forming a coverlay ( FIG. 1B ). 
   After the formation of the coverlay corresponding to the part of the flexible region using the polyimide film  20 , a resist cover  30  is formed on the other part of the flexible region ( FIG. 1C ). 
   The resist cover  30  functions to protect the internal circuit pattern exposed for use in an external pad and a mounting pad from external environments, and includes, for example, heat-resistant tape or peelable ink. In addition, the resist cover  30  is removed after the completion of the substrate, unlike the polyimide film  20 . 
   Subsequently, to confer mechanical strength and adhesive strength to a rigid region, which is to be formed on the polyimide copper clad laminate  10 , prepregs  40  and base copper plates  50  are laminated on the upper and lower surfaces of the base substrate to face each other. 
   After the prepregs  40  and the base copper plates  50  are laminated, they are compressed using a press, to form both a rigid region, in which the circuit pattern is incorporated into the prepreg, and a flexible region, in which the circuit pattern is covered with the coverlay ( FIG. 1D ). 
   Then, a through hole  60  for electrical connection between internal and external layers is formed ( FIG. 1E ). The base copper plate  50  and the through hole  60  are plated with copper to form a copper plated layer  70  ( FIG. 1F ). During the plating, an external circuit pattern having a predetermined shape is formed ( FIG. 1G ). 
   The external circuit pattern is obtained using a predetermined photolithographic process, and the plated layer of the flexible region is etched therewith. 
   After the external circuit pattern having a predetermined shape is formed, the resist cover  30  is removed. 
   In the case where the resist cover is formed of peelable ink, peelable ink may be easily removed by further applying peelable ink on the formed peelable ink to form an ink layer having a predetermined thickness and then removing the ink layer ( FIG. 1H ). 
   Thereafter, the resultant substrate is coated with PSR ink (photo imageable solder resist mask ink) and then surface treated, thereby finally completing a flying tail type rigid-flexible PCB, in which the flexible region is covered with the coverlay, including the polyimide film and the resist cover ( FIG. 1I ). 
   However, in the flying tail type rigid-flexible PCB thus formed, since the external pad or mounting pad of the flexible region is internally exposed, processes of forming the resist cover on the flexible region using the heat-resistant tape or peelable ink and then removing it are required, causing problems of undesirably complicating fabrication processes and of increasing fabrication costs. 
   Further, due to the residue remaining after the removal of the heat-resistant tape or peelable ink, contamination may occur, thus a defect rate is increased, resulting in drastically decreased reliability. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the related art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method of fabricating a flying tail type rigid-flexible PCB, which is advantageous because a resist cover is not used and a base copper foil of a flexible region is window etched after the formation of an external circuit pattern, thereby decreasing the number of fabrication processes and the fabrication costs and preventing contamination, thus reducing a defect rate, resulting in maximized reliability. 
   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method of fabricating a flying tail type rigid-flexible PCB without the need for a resist cover, which includes the steps of providing a base substrate including a polyimide film having an internal circuit pattern formed on at least one surface thereof; forming a coverlay to protect the internal circuit pattern corresponding to a flexible region of the base substrate, with the exception of a pad portion of the flexible region; placing prepregs on upper and lower surfaces of the base substrate corresponding to a rigid region, placing base copper plates corresponding to the rigid region and the flexible region on the prepregs, and then collectively laminating the placed prepregs and base copper plates to form a rigid region and a flexible region; forming external circuit patterns electrically connected to each other on the rigid region, while protecting the base copper plate corresponding to the flexible region; and removing the base copper plate corresponding to the flexible region. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       FIGS. 1A to 1I  are sectional views sequentially showing a conventional process of fabricating a flying tail type rigid-flexible PCB; 
       FIGS. 2A to 2I  are sectional views sequentially showing a process of fabricating a rigid-flexible PCB, according to the present invention; and 
       FIG. 3  is a sectional view showing the structure of the rigid-flexible PCB, fabricated using the method of the present invention. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
   Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given of a method of fabricating a rigid-flexible PCB, according to the present invention, with reference to the appended drawings. 
     FIGS. 2A to 2I  are sectional views sequentially showing a process of fabricating a rigid-flexible PCB, according to the present invention. 
   As shown in  FIG. 2A , a polyimide copper clad laminate  110  comprising a polyimide layer  111  and a copper foil  112  is provided. 
   Polyimide is a polymer material suitable for working under conditions of high temperature and high pressure, thanks to its excellent wear resistance, heat resistance, self-lubricating ability, creep resistance, electrical insulating properties, and plasma properties in a vacuum. 
   As shown in  FIG. 2B , an etching resist pattern  120  for the formation of an internal circuit pattern is formed on the copper foil  112 . 
   To form the etching resist pattern  120 , a circuit pattern printed on an artwork film should be transferred onto the substrate. Although the transferring process may be variously conducted, it may be mainly carried out using a photosensitive dry film in such a manner that the circuit pattern printed on the artwork film is transferred onto the dry film using ultra violet (UV) light. 
   Thus, the dry film having the transferred circuit pattern may act as an etching resist. In the case where an etching process is performed using the dry film as an etching resist, the copper foil  112  in the region on which the etching resist pattern  120  is not formed, is removed, thus forming an internal circuit pattern having a predetermined shape, as shown in  FIG. 2C . 
   After the internal circuit pattern having a predetermined shape is formed, the etching resist pattern  120  remaining on the non-etched copper foil  112  is removed, thereby completing a base substrate, as shown in  FIG. 2D . 
   Then, in order to protect the internal circuit pattern corresponding to a flexible region, which is to be formed on the base substrate, with the exception of a pad portion of the flexible region required for use in an external pad and a mounting pad, from external environments, a coverlay  130  is processed to suit the flexible region. 
   The coverlay  130  may be formed by attaching a polyimide film to the flexible region having the corresponding internal circuit pattern, with the exception of the pad portion of the flexible region, using an adhesive, and then temporarily bonding the polyimide film through manual soldering, as shown in  FIG. 2E . 
   In the flexible region, the pad portion for use in an external pad and a mounting pad is exposed as not covered with the coverlay  130 . 
   After the formation of the coverlay  130 , prepregs  140  are placed on upper and lower surfaces of the base substrate corresponding to a rigid region, after which base copper plates  150  are placed on the prepregs  140  to correspond to the rigid and flexible regions. 
   Each of the prepregs  140  has a window corresponding to the flexible region such that the prepreg  140  is laminated only on the portion where the rigid region is formed. As such, the prepreg  140  is formed in a semi-cured state by infiltrating a thermosetting resin into glass fibers, and thus functions to confer mechanical strength to the rigid region and also may act as an adhesive between the base substrate and the base copper plate  150  upon the subsequent compression procedure. 
   The base copper plate  150  placed on the prepreg  140  does not have a window, to serve as the external circuit pattern of the rigid region and the protection plate of the pad portion of the flexible region. 
   Thereafter, the base copper plate  150 , the prepreg  140 , the base substrate, the prepreg  140 , and the base copper plate  150 , in that order, are laminated and compressed under conditions of predetermined temperature and pressure, thereby forming both the rigid region, in which the internal circuit pattern  112  is incorporated into the prepreg  140 , and the flexible region having the internal circuit pattern  112 , part of which is coated with the coverlay  130 , the other part of which is exposed to form the pad portion, as shown in  FIG. 2F . 
   After the layers are compressed, a through hole  160  for electrical connection between internal and external layers of the substrate is formed, as shown in  FIG. 2G . 
   The through hole  160  results from computer numerical control (CNC) drilling at the predetermined position of the rigid region, resulting in a plated through hole  160  penetrating through the substrate. 
   Thereafter, the through hole  160  and the base copper plate  150  are plated with copper, thus forming a copper plated layer  170 , as shown in  FIG. 2H . 
   The copper plated layer  170  formed on the through hole  160  acts to realize the electrical connection between the internal and external layers, while the copper plated layer  170  formed on the base copper plate  150 , along with the base copper plate  150 , constitutes a plated layer  180 , which is then formed into an external circuit pattern. 
   After the copper plated layer  170  is formed, a photolithographic process is conducted on the plated layer  180  using a dry film, to form a desired external circuit pattern, as shown in  FIG. 2I . 
   As such, the external circuit pattern is formed only on the rigid region, so that the base copper plate  150  and the plated layer  180  corresponding to the flexible region function to protect the pad portion exposed for use in an external pad and a mounting pad. That is, when the external circuit pattern is formed, the flexible region should be protected by the base copper plate  150  and the plated layer  180  so that the exposed pad portion thereof is not damaged by the etching process. 
   In addition, for easy removal of the base copper plate  150  and the plated layer  180  corresponding to the flexible region, the base copper plate  150  and the plated layer  180  corresponding to the flexible region are formed to be about 0.05˜5 mm larger than the flexible region. In addition, the edge portion of the base copper plate  150  and the plated layer  180  corresponding to the boundary between the flexible region and the rigid region is processed using a CNC drill or a steel rule die, whereby the subsequent removal procedure of the base copper plate  150  and the plated layer  180  becomes easier. 
   Then, the base copper plate  150  and the plated layer  180  corresponding to the flexible region remaining to protect the exposed pad portion for use in an external pad and a mounting pad are physically removed by manual labor or using an automated machine. Further, with the goal of preventing a solder bridge phenomenon between external circuit patterns during a soldering process while protecting the external circuit pattern, the resultant substrate is coated with PSR ink and then surface treated. Thereby, as shown in  FIG. 3 , a flying tail type rigid-flexible PCB, without the need for a resist cover, is finally obtained. 
   As described above, the present invention provides a method of fabricating a rigid-flexible PCB. According to the method of the present invention, after an external circuit pattern is formed, the base copper foil of a flexible region is window etched to protect the exposed pad portion, instead of using a conventional resist cover formed of heat-resistant tape or peelable ink. Thereby, the inventive method is advantageous because the fabrication processes are simplified and price competitive power is increased. 
   In addition, since heat-resistant tape and peelable ink are not used in the present invention, conventional problems, that is, contamination and damage of the circuit pattern due to the presence of residue thereof, may be prevented, thus greatly increasing reliability. 
   The embodiment of the present invention has been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims.