Abstract:
A method for control in a process control system, where a graphical user interface of said process control system is arranged with graphic representations of one or more control objects for monitoring and/or control of a process or an equipment. The control system GUI is displayed by a control system client application on a computer or workstation. In addition, one or more applications for monitoring and/or controlling at least one said control object are run in a computing process environment separate from said process control system. No code components execute in the same processing space as that running the GUI for the process control system. Any flaw or error in the extended applications cannot affect the control system program controlling an industrial process in real-time. A control system and a computer program are also disclosed.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    The present application is a continuation of pending International patent application PCT/EP2010/051767 filed on Feb. 12, 2010 which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/160,021, filed on Mar. 13, 2009. The content of all prior applications is incorporated herein by reference. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The present invention is concerned with an industrial control system graphic user interface. In particular it is concerned with a graphical user interface of a process control system used for monitoring and control purposes in an industrial installation. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    In computer based control systems for controlling manufacturing and process industries, such as chemical plants, oil refineries, pulp and paper mills, steel mills, etc., there is typically a need for integrating a wide range of different applications of different origin. In particular this integration includes integrating user interfaces, so that a user of the system experiences one single interface towards all functions of the system, even though different parts of this interface are provided by different computer-implemented applications. U.S. Pat. No. 6,169,996 disclosed a remote observation system for remote monitoring. 
         [0004]    Traditional methods of providing this user interface integration include providing a software environment where user interface components from the different applications are plugged in to provide the integrated user interface. Examples of such technologies include ActiveX and Java Beans. 
         [0005]    A conventional industrial control system typically includes one or more computer programs running in real time. Such programs control one or more processes in real time, which means that the control system must have an immediate or very short response time for at least some of the processes at all times. As control over many processes is normally critical from a safety standpoint it is important that the control systems are rigorously tested to eliminate any program execution problems or computer programming code problems that might cause delays or even failure of the control system. 
         [0006]    A challenge with current approaches for user interface integration in a control system is that code components from the integrated applications execute in the same environment as components that are critical for the core functions of the control system, which is to control and supervise the industrial process. If any such integrated code component includes a flaw, it could potentially cause the entire user interface environment of the control system to crash or malfunction. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0007]    The aim of the present invention is to remedy one or more of the above mentioned problems. This and other aims are obtained by a method for control carried out in a process control system wherein a graphical user interface of said process control system comprises graphic representations of one or more control objects for monitoring and control of a process or an equipment displayed by a client application of said process control system running in a first computer processing environment on a computer or workstation. 
         [0008]    In a first aspect of the invention a method is disclosed for control in a process control system, where a graphical user interface of said process control system is arranged with graphic representations of one or more control objects for monitoring and/or control of a process or an equipment and displayed by a control system client application on a computer or workstation, the method comprising the steps of: running an application for monitoring and/or controlling at least one said control object in a computing process environment separate from said process control system, generating by means of the application a second graphic user interface display comprising the at least one said control object, sending the second graphical user interface display in a graphic output format from the application to said process control system via an intermediate service integrating the second graphical user interface of the application in said graphical user interface. 
         [0009]    In a another aspect of the invention a system is disclosed for control of a process in which process control system a graphical user interface of said process control system is arranged with graphic representations of one or more control objects for monitoring and/or control of a process or an equipment and displayed by a control system client application ( 22 ) on a computer or workstation, by said system further comprising a Server Node arranged for running an application for monitoring and/or controlling at least one said control object in a computing process environment separate from said process control system, and an intermediate service or remote viewer service is arranged for sending a second graphic user interface display comprising the at least one said control object generated by means of the application in a graphic output format, from the application to said process control system for integration of the second graphical user interface of the application in said graphical user interface. 
         [0010]    In another aspect of the invention a human-machine interface for monitoring, is disclosed. 
         [0011]    A computer program, and a computer program recorded on a computer-readable medium is disclosed in another aspect of the invention. 
         [0012]    The principle advantage of the present invention is that it provides a solution where user interfaces of integrated applications can be integrated in a single system user interface without installing any code components from those applications. This is referred to as View Integration. The invention involves remote viewing, or sharing a view, and does not involve sharing an executable computer application or program. 
         [0013]    View Integration, in meaning used in this description, is when the user interface (UI) of a non-core application, or extended application, is streamed to an integrated view in the control systems user interface (UI), using a technique similar in principle to the Windows service called Remote Desktop. 
         [0014]    The integrated application runs in a separate computing process environment (sometimes referred to as a sandbox) and presents its user interface (UI) in the usual way. However, rather than rendering this graphical information on a user interface in this separate environment, the graphical information is intercepted and sent over as pixel information (or in any other format for transmitting a graphic image) to the environment where the control system&#39;s user interface is running. Here the graphical information from the integrated application is combined with other graphical information representing the control system&#39;s user interface, as well as the user interfaces of other integrated applications, into an integrated graphical user interface of the control system. When the graphical information of the user interface of the integrated application is in focus, mouse clicks and keyboard events are sent to the integrated application running in the separate computing process environment. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0015]    A more complete understanding of the method and system of the present invention may be obtained by reference to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein: 
           [0016]      FIG. 1  shows a schematic block diagram of a process control system according to an embodiment of a first aspect of the invention; 
           [0017]      FIG. 2  shows a schematic block diagram of the invention according to  FIG. 1  and in particular of a Client Node of a control system and a Server Node arranged connected to the control system according to an embodiment of an aspect of the invention; 
           [0018]      FIG. 3  shows another embodiment of the invention of  FIG. 1  and in particular a modular arrangement not including a Business Logic component in the sandbox application; 
           [0019]      FIG. 4  shows the invention of  FIG. 1  and in particular an embodiment arranged using known components of a widely used operating system; 
           [0020]      FIGS. 5   a ,  5   b  each show a schematic flowchart of the invention according to  FIG. 1  and in particular for methods according to an embodiment of another aspect of the invention; and 
           [0021]      FIG. 6  shows the invention of  FIG. 1  and in particular a multi user arrangement according to an embodiment of the aspect of the invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0022]      FIG. 1  shows a simplified diagram for a process control system. The system comprises controller  2 , and server  6  running control functions, and business logic, for controlling the equipment and controls included in the industrial process. Many of these control functions are core processes that operate in real-time, and a number of them may be safety critical. The figure shows a process control system  1  with connected to equipment such as a motor  3 , valve  4 , field device such as a flow meter  5 . The process control system  1  includes a data network  10 , and a field bus  12 . Parts of the data communications may be carried out by both wired and wireless links. 
         [0023]    Connected to the process control system is a workstation (Workplace) which is arranged as a Client Node and running a Control System Client application  22  which provides a first graphic user interface (GUI)  23 . This first graphic user interface (GUI) is an interface to a client application running business logic or core processes concerned with control of the process. 
         [0024]    A server node  40  is connected to the process control system by the data network  10 . In the server node, in a separate computing environment, or a separate computing process environment, one or more extended applications are run. The extended applications each also provide a GUI or a UI, referred to in this description as a second graphic user interface  48  and  50 . The graphic image data output of these interfaces is intercepted and sent via a remote presentation protocol  35 , or a remote viewer system, to the Control System Client application  22 . The one or more second graphic user interfaces  48   g,    50 , are integrated into the first graphic user interface of the Control System Client application  22 . Thus certain control objects are represented in the GUI of the Control System Client application  22  by GUI graphics, but no code for those GUIs execute in the process environment of the Control System Client application  22 . That code, applications producing the GUIs  48 ,  50 , runs in the server node  40 . 
         [0025]      FIG. 2  shows another embodiment. The figure shows a Server Node  40  at which a single remote user session  41  is running. In the remote user Session a sandbox application, for example an ABB Sandbox application  44  is running. Running inside the sandbox is an extended application, or Application  1 , which in this case is called an ABB UI Component  1 , indicated with ref nr.  48 . Also running in the sandbox is an ABB Business logic application. This business logic application has a UI, ABB UI. The GUI of that application  48  is intercepted and sent via a remote presentation protocol (RPP)  35  to a Control System Client application, shown here as ABB Client Application  22 . The graphic image of the GUI from the application  48  in the sandbox is then integrated  48   g  into the GUI of the control client application, ABB Client Application  22 , by Client Application  22 . Server Node  40  may comprise a remote session manager function, in this embodiment an ABB Remote Session Manager  39 . A separate protocol  39  may be used by the ABB Remote Session Manager  49  to interact with ABB Client Application  22 . 
         [0026]      FIG. 3  shows a preferred embodiment. The figure shows a Server Node  40  at which a single remote user session  41  is running. In the remote user Session a sandbox application, for example an ABB Sandbox application  44  is running. Running inside the sandbox is an extended application, or Application  1 , which in this case is called an ABB UI Component  1 , indicated with ref nr.  48 . The GUI of that application  48  is intercepted and sent via a remote presentation protocol (RPP)  35  to a Control System Client application, shown here as ABB Client Application  22 . The graphic image of the GUI from the application  48  in the sandbox is then integrated  48   g  into the GUI of the control client application, ABB Client Application  22 , by Client Application  22 . Server Node  40  may comprise a remote session manager function, in this embodiment an ABB Remote Session Manager  39 . A separate protocol  37  may be used by the ABB Remote Session Manager  39  to interact with ABB Client Application  22 . 
         [0027]      FIG. 6  shows another embodiment in which multiple remote users, User  1 , User  2  are included. In  FIG. 3  Server Node  40  comprises a plurality of Remote User Sessions, Session  1 , Session  2 , and so on. In Remote User Session  1  two sandbox applications, ABB Sandbox Applications are running. In this embodiment a business logic application or function may run in the sandbox. The GUI of a first business logic function, ABB UI is intercepted and sent via remote presentation protocol (RPP)  35  and integrated in the client control application, ABB Client Application  22 , by means of a ABB Remote UI Viewer function. The figure shows that User  1  at the first Client Node  20  has two GUIs integrated in the ABB Client Application  22  using the remote viewers. User  2  at a second Client Node  22 ″ also has GUI from an extended application, executing in a sandbox running in Remote User Session  2  on the same Server Node  40 , the graphic image output of which is intercepted and routed by RPP  35  to ABB Client Application  22 ″ where it is likewise integrated into the GUI of  22 ″. 
         [0028]      FIG. 4  shows an embodiment in which many of the applications and services are parts of a Windows operating system environment. The figure shows a client node  20  and a server node  40 . At the client node a control system Client Application  22  is running and displaying a graphical user interface (not shown). The client node runs on a workstation or other suitable terminal device. Server node  40  runs one or more Terminal Server sessions,  41 ,  42 . Each Terminal Server Session includes a separate computing process environment, otherwise known as a sandbox  44 ,  45 . An extended application, Application  1  running in the sandbox produces a graphical user interface (GUI)  48 , and likewise a second extended application Application  2  may also produce, in a separate Terminal Session  42 , a GUI  50 . 
         [0029]    In this embodiment the integrated application or the Sandbox Application runs in a Terminal Services session on a server node and its graphical user interface is remoted  35  via Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) to the Control System Client Application on a client node of the process control system  1 . The Control System Client Application is capable of concurrently viewing several remoted user interfaces from several concurrent User Sessions (Terminal Server Sessions). The Control System Client Application can create remote sessions dynamically by using the Terminal Server Session Manager Service  49  on the server node. In this way a solution is provided where user interfaces of integrated applications can be integrated in a single system user interface of the process control system without installing any code components from those applications 
         [0030]    The GUI  48  of Application  1 , an extended application, is sent via an intermediate service to the control system Client Application  22  running on the client node. The intermediate service may run using a Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)  35  and implemented as a Remote Desktop session, a service provided by a Windows™ operating system environment such as Windows Server 2003 for example. The client node may run a RDP viewer client which may be a client adapted for, or ported to, another operating system different from Windows, eg such as Unix. 
         [0031]    The Server Node  40  may comprise a terminal Server Session Manager service  49  which manages the one or more Terminal Server Sessions  41 ,  42 . The Manager service  49  may interact with Control System Client Application  22  running on the Client Node  20  using a channel  39  separate from, and different to the protocol from the intermediate service, in this case the communication using RDP  35 . 
         [0032]    The Control system Client Application  20  provides a graphical user interface to one or more core processes controlling the industrial process. These core processes may be run-time implementations. The graphic user interfaces  48 ,  50  running in the separate computing environments, sandboxes  44 ,  45  are sent as graphic information only to Control system Client Application  20 . Client Application  20  integrates those GUIs  44 ,  45  are integrated into the graphical user interface of Client Application  20 . 
         [0033]    The integrated applications run in a separate environment (a so called sandbox) and presents its user interface in the usual way. However, rather than rendering this graphical information on a user interface in this environment, the graphical information is intercepted and sent over as pixel information (or in any other suitable format to construct a graphic) to the environment where the control system&#39;s user interface is running. Here the graphical information is combined with other graphical information representing the control system&#39;s user interface as well as the user interfaces of other integrated applications into an integrated user interface. 
         [0034]    When the graphical information of the user interface of the integrated application is in focus as GUI  48   g  or  50   g,  mouse clicks and keyboard events are sent to the integrated application  48 ,  50 . Thus no code components from the integrated applications execute in the same computing process environment as the core functions of the control system. The integrated applications run (execute) in the isolated environment of a sandbox. Only the graphic output from the integrated application, as a bitmap, or as instructions to a graphic processor card or chip, are combined into the graphical user interface of the control system. 
         [0035]    Communication may be carried out by wire or wirelessly. The Client Node  20  may be connected to a node or gateway of a wired or wireless LAN or may be another kind of data communication network and running any radio protocol suitable for an industrial milieu, such as any standard issued by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), any variation of IEEE-802.11, WiFi, Ultra Wide Band (UWB), ZigBee or IEEE-802.15.4, IEEE-802.13 or equivalent, or similar. 
         [0036]    The user may monitor, supervise and or control process equipment using a workstation connected to the control system. This may also be carried out in remote mode by an engineer or other authorized person logged in to the control system with appropriate privileges. The methods of control as described above and elsewhere in this specification may be carried out by a computer application comprising computer program elements or software code which, when loaded in a processor or computer, causes the computer or processor to carry out the method steps. 
         [0037]    The method may be described as comprising steps according to  FIGS. 5   a ,  5   b .  FIG. 5   a  shows a simplified flowchart for one or more methods according to another aspect of the invention. The figure shows:
         55  Extended application  1  runs and generates a GUI  48  including a control object of the process;     56  a process running in a Remote User Session or Terminal User Session intercepts GUI  48  of application  1  running in the sandbox     57  a process running in Remote User Session or Terminal User Session sends GUI  48  of application  1  to the Control System Client Application  22  (or ABB Client Application  22 );     58  Control System Client Application  22  integrates the graphic image information from the GUI of extended application  1  running in the sandbox into the GUI of the Control System Client Application  22 .       
 
         [0042]      FIG. 5   b  shows
         65  Control System Client Application  22  displays its GUI, the first GUI, with the graphic information  48   g  integrated ino the first GUI;     67  Control System Client Application  22  receives user input to GUI  48   g  integrated in the first GUI of the Control System Client Application  22  and sends the information of that input via an intermediate service, RPP or RDP, to the extended application  1  running in the sandbox;     69  Application  1  running in the sandbox processes the user input information, and updates the GUI  48  to show an updated state of the control object in GUI  48 .         
         [0046]    The graphic image data of GUI  48  is intercepted and sent via RPP/RDP to the client application  22  as per step  55 . 
         [0047]    In an alternative embodiment, the solution is arranged such that Sandbox Application  44 ,  45  manages one or more Terminal Services Sessions  41 ,  42 . In this case the Sandbox Application must have the ability to control what GUI (window) to expose in which session. 
         [0048]    The methods of the invention may, as previously described, be carried out by means of one or more computer programs comprising computer program code or software portions running on a computer or a processor. The microprocessor (or processors) comprises a central processing unit CPU performing the steps of the method according to one or more facets of the invention. A part of the program may be stored in a processor, but also stored in a ROM, RAM, PROM, EPROM or EEPROM chip, in similar memory means or on a Server Node  40 . Data may be accessed by applications such as the Control System Client Application  22  in the control system by means of any of: OPC, OPC servers, an Object Request Broker such as COM, DCOM or CORBA, a web service. 
         [0049]    It should be noted that while the above describes exemplifying embodiments of the invention, there are several variations and modifications which may be made to the disclosed solution without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.