Abstract:
A method and system is provided to allow wireless systems to support many new voice and data services. An example of a service provided is the ability to switch a requested voice call into a packet data call and vise versa without the interaction of the user.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    The present invention relates generally to data telecommunications, and more particularly, to a system and method for hybrid voice and packet data for providing services to a wireless mobile user.  
           [0002]    In communications networks, a user often requires many types of services during the same session. In particular, in a wireless network, a mobile user may require packet data and voice services at the same time. A good example is a concierge service where a mobile user may require information such as maps, a list of restaurants or any other services in the area from a live concierge service representative without being released from its voice connection with the representative. Another example is a complex communication application during which a user may require downloading data files and presentations without getting disconnected from the voice application.  
           [0003]    According to the latest specifications of 2.5G and 3G mobile wireless standards, only mobile stations (MS) that belong to Class-A can handle simultaneous data and voice services. Class-B MSs, on the other hand, are limited to operating one service type at a time. However, the majority of MSs that exist in the market today are Class-B because Class-A MSs are hard to maintain and expensive to operate. Additionally, the limitations of Class-B MSs are significant, for example, there is no support for “Real-time Call Forwarding” service in the MS. This service allows the mobile user to instantaneously forward an incoming call to another person instead of accepting it. This can be found extremely useful between family members and friends and is important in business relations where an important call is forwarded to another person when the called person is engaged in an activity that cannot be interrupted.  
           [0004]    Additionally, in communication networks, certain situations can often develop where a user may initiate voice or packet data calls without knowing whether the called party can accept the call or not. Another situation may arise when the MS needs to make a voice call to trigger a packet data session or vise versa.  
           [0005]    What is needed is a versatile method or system that can change the call connection from one type to another without the interaction from the MS.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0006]    Accordingly, the present invention provides a system and method to provide new services to a mobile user that otherwise cannot be provided by current wireless system specifications.  
           [0007]    The present invention also provides a method to change the service type requested by the mobile station without the mobile user interaction before the call is setup.  
           [0008]    The present invention further provides a method to provide new services to a mobile user without changing the specifications for current wireless systems.  
           [0009]    The present invention further still provides a system for controlling the incoming calls to a mobile station.  
           [0010]    The present invention also provides a method for controlling the operation of other network nodes that play a part in the provision of different services to a mobile station.  
           [0011]    The present invention still further provides a method for handling and maintaining calls with the user-end other than the mobile station.  
           [0012]    The present invention is applicable to any mobile unit compliant with the 2.5G, 3G and future generations of wireless system specifications.  
           [0013]    The present invention is applicable to any radio technology type that could be used by the mobile station on the air interface.  
           [0014]    The present invention provides the ability to switch a requested voice call into a packet data call and vise versa without the interaction of a user-end client (i.e. the system operation will be transparent to the mobile user). Additionally, the present invention allows wireless systems to support many new services that cannot be provided by the current systems.  
           [0015]    Moreover, the present invention offers certain flexibility to the network that allows it to change a requested service type (originated by the mobile station or the network) for the sake of providing a more efficient service to the end-user. One example is accessing a “web page” by dialing a telephone number: a mobile dialing 1-800-CNN-WWEB will automatically download the web page www.cnn.com on the terminal end equipment of the mobile. Another service example is “Hot Call Handling” which provides a mobile user several methods for dealing with an incoming call such as forwarding it to another person instead of accepting it. Other services include routing the mobile user call to a live customer representative after accessing a non-functional automated service center. Still other services could replace current Interactive Voice Response (IVR) menus with interactive text menus.  
           [0016]    Therefore, in accordance with the previous summary, objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to one skilled in the art from the subsequent description and the appended claims taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0017]    [0017]FIG. 1 illustrates a high level wireless network architecture presenting the elements used in the present invention.  
         [0018]    [0018]FIG. 2 illustrates the concept of Hot Call Handling service with an example where the user decides to accept the incoming call.  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 3 illustrates a flow chart of steps at a Wireless Switch when an incoming voice call is received from the network.  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 4 illustrates a flow chart of steps at the Application Server when a command is received from WS to download the Option menu to the mobile.  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 5 illustrates a flow chart of steps at the Wireless Switch when the MS menu selection is to accept a network incoming call.  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 6 illustrates a flow chart of steps at the Wireless Switch when the MS menu selection is to forward the network incoming call.  
         [0023]    [0023]FIG. 7 illustrates a flow chart of steps at the Wireless Switch when receiving a MS menu selection timeout from the application server.  
         [0024]    [0024]FIGS. 8, 9, and  10  illustrate call flow details for the Hot Call Handling service with the call forwarding feature. 
     
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
       [0025]    The present invention can be described with several examples given below. It is understood, however, that the examples below are not necessarily limitations to the present invention, but are used to describe typical embodiments of operation.  
         [0026]    Although a Wireless Switch (WS) is used as an example to describe the invention, the invention can apply to any telecommunication network node that has similar functions. Additionally, although a mobile station is used as an example to describe the invention, the invention can apply to any wireless device that may require similar types of services.  
         [0027]    Now referring to FIG. 1, a mobile station  100  is connected to a wireless switch  102  and a Wireless Media Gateway (WMG)  104 . The WMG  104  is responsible for transferring application data information between the MS  100  and a SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) Client  106  and between the MS  100  and an Application Server  108 . Although, the SIP Client  106  is used as an example, the present invention contemplates replacing the SIP Client caller with any other type of caller such as a PSTN (Public Switch Telephone Network) node or even another mobile station. Additionally, although the Application Server  108  is used as a separate network entity, the patent can apply to cases where the Application Server  108  is part of the WMG  104 .  
         [0028]    The Wireless Switch  102  controls the WMG  104  using control messages. Additionally, the Application Server  108  provides application services for end-users. Yet, there maybe other nodes that exist in a real network but are not shown in the figure for the sake of simplicity.  
         [0029]    Each connection between the entities allows transfer of information using a specific set of protocols. However, the details of these generally known standard protocols and rules used are not shown in the present invention for simplicity purposes.  
         [0030]    The call status and other information are kept at the Wireless Switch  102 . The MS  100  or SIP Client  106  submits any new call requests or modifications to the Wireless Switch  102 . The Wireless Switch  102  also handles the calls and exchanges call information with the MS  100 , the SIP Client  106 , the WMG  104 , and the Application Server  108 .  
         [0031]    Moreover, the architecture of the present invention includes a network portion and the radio portion. Generally, the network portion refers to the interfaces between the Wireless Switch, the WMG, the Application Server and the SIP Client. Conversely, the radio portion generally refers to the interfaces between the MS and the Wireless Switch, and the MS and WMG. These interfaces exist to allow communication between the various network elements. Additionally, well defined communication protocols are used to communicate between each entity and its neighbor. Furthermore, the present embodiment is implemented as a software module in the Wireless Switch and WMG nodes. Accordingly, the WS is sometimes described hereafter as a Wireless Soft Switch.  
         [0032]    A conceptual representation of Hot Call Handling is shown in FIG. 2. A Wireless Soft Switch (WSS)  200  is depicted and can handle wireless calls for 2G, 2.5G, and 3G compliant mobile phones  202  and  204 . The WSS  200  also has a SIP interface to the network. SIP is a session initiation protocol used to handle signaling messages that control the calls between two IP (Internet Protocol) based network entities. However, the SIP protocol details are not described herein since it is a generally known standard protocol.  
         [0033]    One example of a Hot Call Handling Service is when a user requests to forward the call to another mobile. However, other types of service are also available by the present invention. Some of the services include:  
         [0034]    World Wide Web access by dialing a telephone number;  
         [0035]    Automatically getting connected to a live customer representative upon accessing a malfunctioning packet data server; and  
         [0036]    Replacing IVR service long selection process by an interactive text menu display on the mobile display screen.  
         [0037]    The Hot Call Handling service provides the mobile user a choice menu to decide how to handle the incoming call. The menu in this embodiment includes the following action items:  
         [0038]    Accept and Answer the call;  
         [0039]    Send the Call to Voicemail;  
         [0040]    Forward the call to another number; and  
         [0041]    Transfer the call to another location.  
         [0042]    However, call elements such as “Caller ID” and other call related information are also contemplated by the present invention.  
         [0043]    [0043]FIG. 2 illustrates an example of Hot Call Handling where the mobile decides to accept the incoming call. The voice call gets detected by the WSS  200  which initiates a data session from the application to the callee  202 . Once the data session is established, the application server  206  informs the callee  202  (through the WMG, not shown) that a call is coming in and sends the callee  202  a menu (through the WMG, not shown) to choose from on how to handle the call. In this example, the callee  202  selects to take the call and then the call is connected from the caller  204  to the callee  202  (through the WMG, not shown).  
         [0044]    Referring again to FIG. 1, the mobile cellular user and the caller are represented by MS  100  and SIP Client  106 , respectively. Note that, in this embodiment, an end-to-end connection has to be established before any information can be transferred to a user-end point. Therefore, in this example, the SIP Client  106  first sends a request message to the Wireless Switch  102  requesting a Voice connection with the MS  100 . The SIP Client  106  must then wait for confirmation from the WS  102  before the communication can start between the MS  100  and the SIP Client  106 .  
         [0045]    Referring now to FIG. 3, upon receiving a voice call from the SIP Client, the WS will change the call type from voice to packet data by establishing a Packet Data connection with the MS instead of a voice connection as requested by the SIP Client as depicted by step  302 . At the same time, the WS establishes a data connection with the Application Server and informs the WMG to create a packet data connection between the MS and the Application Server as illustrated in steps  304  and  306 . Once this is established, the WS commands the Application Server to start the transfer of the Option Menu to the MS through the WMG as illustrated in step  308 .  
         [0046]    Referring now to FIG. 4, upon receiving the command from the WS, the application server sends the option menu data to the WMG which then forwards it to the MS as illustrated in step  402 . The application server then waits for the MS response with the menu selection as illustrated in step  404 . Once the menu selection is received, the application server forwards it to the WS as illustrated in step  406 .  
         [0047]    If no response is received from the MS after a predefined time has elapsed, the application server informs the WS about the timeout event. In that case, the WS follows the process illustrated in FIG. 5 where it deactivates the connection with the MS and the application server, and informs the WMG to cancel the link between the MS and the application server as illustrated in steps  502 ,  504 , and  506 . The WS then forwards the call from the SIP client to the MS voice mail as illustrated in step  508 .  
         [0048]    In this example however, “Call Forwarding” is selected from the MS menu and contains the number of the new MS to be called. Although the new called party could be any device that has a telephone number, a mobile station is used in this example.  
         [0049]    Referring now to FIG. 6, upon receiving the MS response from the Application Server, the WS first deactivates the packet data connection with the new MS and the Application Server, and informs the WMG to cancel the packet data connection as illustrated in steps  602 ,  604 , and  606 . The WS then establishes a voice connection with the new MS, informs the WMG of the new connection, and informs the SIP Client caller of the success in establishing a voice connection as depicted in steps  608 ,  610 , and  612 . Now a voice connection is established between the SIP Client and the new MS.  
         [0050]    Note that it is also possible to give the new mobile station an option menu to decide how to deal with the call as illustrated in FIG. 7. Additionally, the menu content could be customized by the Application Server to accommodate different customer needs. For example, in this embodiment, “Call Forwarding” would not be listed in the new menu since the call has already been forwarded once. This scenario is covered in FIG. 7 where first the WS deactivates the packet data connection with the old MS and then establishes a packet data connection with the new MS as depicted in steps  702  and  704 . The WS also informs the WMG to link the packet data connection from the Application Server to the new MS as depicted in step  706 . Once the new MS&#39;s packet data connection with the application server is established, the WS instructs the Application Server to send the Option menu to the new MS as depicted in step  708 . Thereafter, the same process in FIGS. 4, 5, and  6  is repeated with the new MS.  
         [0051]    [0051] 44  Referring now to FIGS. 8, 9, and  10 , detailed call flow charts are presented. In these figures, MS- 1  is the called party, and MS- 2  is the mobile user to which the call is forwarded. All messages between the MS and the WS are defined in the 2.5G and 3G wireless standards. The other messages use other protocols well known in the telecommunication industry such as SIP, TCP/IP, and MEGACO (Media Gateway Control protocol). Again, since these protocols are well known in the industry, details are not described herein.  
         [0052]    Specifically, in FIG. 8, as indicated by step  1 , the SIP client  800  sends a SIP:Invite(voice) to the WS  806 . The WS  806  finds the necessary information to late MS- 1   808  using the information in the SIP:Invite message and other sources such as HLR (a network entity that maintains and provides MS location and property services to other network entities such as WS) or other mapping procedures located on the web.  
         [0053]    In step  2   a,  the WS  806  sends a Paging Request to the MS- 1   808 .  
         [0054]    In step  2   b,  the WS  806  sends a MEGACO: Modify message to the WMG  804 . WMG  804  creates a context for a remote (SIP Client  800  in this case) termination for the voice session.  
         [0055]    In step  2   c  the WMG  804  send a MEGACO:Success message to the WS  806 .  
         [0056]    In step  3 , the MS- 1   808  sends Any LLC Frame to the WS  806 .  
         [0057]    In step  4 , the WS  806  sends a Request PDP Context Activation to the MS- 1   808 .  
         [0058]    In step  5 , the MS- 1   808  send an Activate PDP Contest Request to the WS  806 .  
         [0059]    In step  6   a,  the WS  806  sends an Activate PDP Context Accept to the MS- 1   808 . Upon the request from WS  806 , the WMG  804  can play a temporary voice announcement or music to the calling client while waiting for the call to be setup with the appropriate MS.  
         [0060]    In step  6   b,  the WS  806  sends a MEGACO:Modify message to the WMG  804 . The WMG  804  creates a context for a local (MS- 1   808  in this case) termination for the data session.  
         [0061]    In step  6   c,  the WMG  804  sends a MEGACO:Success message to the WS  806 .  
         [0062]    In step  7 , the WS  806  sends a CAMEL:set-up connection the Application Server  802 .  
         [0063]    In step  8 , the Application Server  802  sends a CAMEL:ACK message to the WS  806 .  
         [0064]    In step  9   a,  the WS  806  sends a MEGACO:Modify message to the WMG  804 . The WMG  804  creates a context for a remote (Application Server  802 ) termination for the data session.  
         [0065]    In step  9   b,  the WMG  804  sends a MEGACO:Success message to the WS  806 .  
         [0066]    In step  10   a,  the WS  806  sends a MEGACO:Add message to the WMG  804 .  
         [0067]    In step  10   b,  the WMG  804  sends a MEGACO:success message to the WS  806 .  
         [0068]    In step  11 , the WS  806  sends a CAMEL:Send Menu of Options (Info) to the Application Server  802 .  
         [0069]    In step  12 , the Application Server  802  sends a Data Transfer:Menu of Options to the WMG  804 .  
         [0070]    In step  13 , the WMG  804  sends a Data Transfer:Menu of Options to the MS- 1   808 .  
         [0071]    In step  14 , the MS- 1   808  sends a Data Transfer:User Menu Selection=“Call Forward to Number 555-1234” to the WMG  804 .  
         [0072]    In step  15 , the WMG  804  sends Data Transfer:User Menu Selection to the Application Server  802 .  
         [0073]    In step  16   a,  the Application Server  802  sends a CAMEL: User decision “Forward Call to Number 555-1234” to the WS  806 .  
         [0074]    In step  16   b,  the WS  806  sends a CAMEL:Terminate connection to the Application Server  802 .  
         [0075]    In step  17 , the WS  806  sends a Deactivate PDP Context Request to the MS- 1   808 .  
         [0076]    In step  18 , the MS- 1   808  sends a Deactivate PDP Context Accept to the WS  806 .  
         [0077]    In step  19   a,  the WS  806  sends a MEGACO:Subtract message to the WMG  804 . The WMG  804  deletes context for local (MS- 1   808 ) and remote (Application Server  802 ) terminations for the data session.  
         [0078]    In step  19   b,  the WMG  804  sends a MEGACO:Success message to the WS  806 .  
         [0079]    In step  20 , the WS  806  sends a Paging Request to the MS- 2   810 .  
         [0080]    In step  21 , the MS- 2   810  sends a Page Response to the WS  806 .  
         [0081]    In step  22 , the WS  806  sends a DTAP:SETUP message to the MS- 2   810 .  
         [0082]    In step  23 , the MS- 2   810  sends a DTAP:Call Confirmed message to the WS  806 .  
         [0083]    In step  24 , the WS  806  sends an Assignment Request to the MS- 2   810 .  
         [0084]    In step  25 , the MS- 2   810  sends an Assignment Complete to the WS  806 .  
         [0085]    In step  26   a,  the WS  806  sends a MEGACO:Modify message to the WMG  804 . The WMG  804  creates a context for a local (MS- 2   810 ) termination for the voice session.  
         [0086]    In step  26   b,  the WMG  804  sends a MEGACO:Success message to the WS  806 .  
         [0087]    In step  27 , the MS- 2   810  sends a DTAP:Alterting message the WS  806 .  
         [0088]    In step  28 , the MS- 2   810  sends a DTAP:Connect message to the WS  806 .  
         [0089]    In step  29   a,  the WS  806  sends a MEGACO:Add message to the WMG  804 . The WMG  804  connects local and remote termination to create a voice connection between the SIP Client  800  and the MS- 2   810 .  
         [0090]    In step  29   b,  the WMG  804  sends a MEGACO:Success message to the WS  806 .  
         [0091]    In step  30 , the WS  806  sends a DTAP:Connect ACK message to the MS- 2   810 .  
         [0092]    In step  31 , the WS  806  sends a SIP:OK message to the SIP Client  800 .  
         [0093]    In step  32 , the SIP Client  800  sends a SIP:ACK message to the WS  806 .  
         [0094]    The present invention as described above thus provides a revolutionary method for providing new services in wireless networks compliant to the 2.5G and 3G wireless specifications. Consequently, various benefits are achieved over existing solutions. For instance, the present invention provides the mobile user with more options for handling incoming calls. Another example includes a user accessing Internet web pages without knowing the complete (and often long and difficult to remember) Internet Protocol (IP) or Universal Resource Locator (URL) address. In this example, the user would just simply use a phone number for the URL address. Yet another example includes a user accessing an automated system service much faster by using a text menu instead of using an IVR. In addition, another example includes automatically routing a user to an alternate source of services when the called service center is malfunctioning.  
         [0095]    It will also be understood by those having skill in the art that one or more (including all) of the elements/steps of the present invention may be implemented using software executed on a general purpose computer system or networked computer systems, using special purpose hardware-based computer systems, or using combinations of special purpose, and general purpose, hardware and software.  
         [0096]    The above disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing the invention. However, specific examples, and processes are described to help clarify the invention. These are, of course, merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention from that described in the claims. Furthermore, while the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to the preferred embodiment thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as set forth in the following claims.