Abstract:
A pivot-action damper which for example dampens the impact effect of the closing movement of doors, furniture doors or flaps displays excellent braking force or damping force, even over small angular regions as a result of an outer cylindrical body which encompasses an inner body which is pivotable in relation to said outer cylindrical body. Between the two bodies there are two chambers, separated from each other by a gap or a throttle position, with said chambers containing a liquid. This liquid is displaced from one chamber to the other as a result of the rotation of the two bodies in relation to each other.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention relates to a pivot-action damper. 
     Damping devices which are able to display their damping effect even over small angular regions are for example required for damping the closure movements of doors, furniture doors or flaps, in the closing region, in order to prevent a push effect when said doors or flaps abut against the end stops in the closed position. 
     From DE 201 04 100 U1, a damping device for furniture doors is known which comprises a rotation damper with a damping liquid and a pinion, with said rotation damper being connected to a hinge such that the pinion intermeshes with a toothed rack profile or intermeshes with teeth of an end stop component of the hinge. However, in a rotation damper of this type, the braking force or damping force is essentially only achieved by the molecular friction of the highly viscous medium with which the rotation damper is filled, so that said rotation damper provides only a relatively modest damping effect over the small angular region which corresponds to the area of the closing region of a door or flap. 
     It is thus the object of the invention to create a pivot-action damper which generates a large braking and damping force even if activated over small angular regions. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     According to the invention, this object is met by a pivot-action damper which comprises an outer cylindrical body which encompasses an inner body which is rotatable in relation to this revolvable inner body, wherein between the two bodies there are two chambers, separated from each other by a gap or a throttle position, with said chambers containing a liquid, and with said liquid being displaced from one chamber to the other as a result of the rotation of the two bodies in relation to each other. 
     The pivot-action damper according to the invention can develop large braking forces even over small pivoting angles, because the damping effect is not only achieved by molecular friction in the liquid, but in particular also by the throttling of the liquid when it changes from one chamber to the other. 
     A preferred embodiment of the invention provides for the two bodies to be rotatable in relation to each other on a common axis; for the inner body around its circumference to comprise a cylindrical section with a larger radius and a cylindrical section with a smaller radius; for the cylindrical section with larger radius to rest against a wall of the outer cylinder, which wall is matched to said larger radius, with a dish-shaped space being formed between the cylindrical section with smaller radius and the wall of the outer body, with said dish-shaped space containing the two chambers; for the wall of the outer body parallel to the axis to comprise a contraction whose vertex region delimits a throttle gap with the cylindrical section with the smaller radius; and for the end regions of the cylindrical section with smaller radius of the inner body to be sealed in relation to the outer body. In this embodiment, the contraction at the inner wall of the outer body divides the dish-shaped space into the two chambers wherein, in a rotation of the two bodies in relation to each other, the liquid moves from one chamber through the throttle gap into the other chamber, thus generating the damping force. 
     The seal of one side of the dish-shaped space can comprise a partial ring collar which extends around the circumference of the section with the smaller radius, with the radius of said partial ring collar corresponding to that of the section with the larger radius, with said partial ring collar resting against the cylindrical wall of the outer body, adjacent to the contraction. 
     To seal the other side of the inner body against the outer body, the outer body can comprise a bottom which incorporates a borehole, wherein in the edge region of the bottom a sealing ring is held in a recess, with said sealing ring resting against a face of the inner body. 
     A further embodiment of the invention provides for one end region of the inner body to comprise a ring collar which is encompassed by an enlarged cylindrical section of the outer body, wherein the ring collar is sealed against the enlarged cylindrical section by a sealing ring. By means of the two sealing rings located in the end region of the inner body, the inner body is sealed against the outer body so that the liquid used for damping cannot flow out. 
     Expediently, each of the cylindrical sections of the inner body with larger and smaller radius extends for 180° so that the sections are spaced apart from each other by steps which are situated on one diameter plane. 
     Expediently, the steps between the cylinder-shell shaped sections of the inner body with larger and smaller radius are supported by end stops which are formed by steps on both sides of the contraction of the outer body. These end stops determine the angle over which the two bodies are pivotable in relation to each other. 
     A preferred embodiment provides for the diameter of the contraction at the inner wall of the outer body to comprise a longer bevelled flank and a shorter hollowed out flank. This construction of the flanks leads to a situation where the rotation of the outer body in relation to the inner body in the direction of the bevelled flank can be carried out with less resistance than is the case in the opposite direction. Such different resistance is expedient, for example to be able to open a door with less resistance than is provided in the closing region when the door is slammed shut. 
     Expediently, a ring groove is formed between the outer ring collar and the partial ring collar of the inner body, with said ring groove storing the damping liquid. 
     There can be expedient play between the cylindrical section of the inner body with a larger radius and the cylindrical wall of the outer body which encompasses said cylindrical section of the inner body. Since there is a damping liquid in the ring-shaped gap between the inner body and the outer body, the molecular friction of said damping liquid depends on the amount of play. 
     In order to achieve a large damping effect, the damping liquid is a highly viscous liquid. Expediently, the highly viscous liquid is a grease. 
     In order to be able to easily install the pivot-action damper according to the invention, the inner body can be non-rotatably held on an arbor. 
     A further embodiment of the invention provides for the arbor to be non-rotatably connected to a hinge component, and for the outer body to comprise an end stop which dampens the other hinge component via a limited pivoting angle by way of a counter end stop connected to said other hinge component. 
     If the hinge is a double swinging-arm hinge, the inner body can be held on a hinge arm of a double swinging-arm hinge, wherein one end of a swinging arm, which end is arranged at the hinge arm, comprises a prolongation which forms a counter end stop, with said prolongation interacting with at least one end stop of the outer body. Expediently, one end of the outer body comprises a V-shaped end stop. In addition, at its opposite end the outer body can comprise two end stop cams, so that the swinging arm correspondingly can comprise two forked prolongations. Below, one embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail by means of the drawing, as follows: 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The present invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which the following is illustrated in the respective figures: 
         FIG. 1  disassembled perspective views of the pivot-action damper according to the invention; 
         FIG. 2  a longitudinal section of the pivot-action damper according to  FIG. 1  in its installed state; 
         FIGS. 3 and 4  sections of the pivot-action damper along the line A—A of  FIG. 2 , showing the end positions of the pivot-action damper; 
         FIG. 5  a section, which corresponds to  FIGS. 3 and 4 , of a pivot-action damper of different design; and 
         FIGS. 6 to 9  longitudinal sections of a double swinging-arm hinge in different pivot positions of the pivotable dish-shaped hinge component which comprises a pivot-action damper according to  FIGS. 1 to 5 . 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The pivot-action damper according to the invention comprises an outer cylindrical body  1  which encompasses an inner body  2  which is rotatable in relation to said outer cylindrical body  1 , with  FIG. 1  showing the two cylindrical bodies in a disassembled perspective view. 
     The inner body  2  consists of a section which comprises two semi-cylindrical shells  3 ,  4  with a smaller and a larger radius, with said two semi-cylindrical shells being separate from each other and concentric in relation to a central bore hole  6 , so as to form steps  5  which are located on one diameter plane. The section of the inner body  2  with the two cylindrical shells  3 ,  4  is delimited by a partial ring collar  7  whose radius corresponds to the cylindrical shell  4  with greater radius. At its end which is opposite the section  3 ,  4 , the inner body  2  comprises a further ring collar  8 , which comprises a circumferential ring groove  9  into which a sealing ring  10  is inserted. Between the partial ring collar  7  and the ring collar  8  there is a ring groove  11 . 
     The inner body  2  is inserted in the outer cylindrical body  1  in the way shown in  FIG. 2 . The outer cylindrical body comprises a middle section which comprises an inner cylindrical wall  13 , which in the embodiment shown extends over a circumference of approx. 210°. Between this circumferential region  13 , the inner wall comprises a circumferential section  14  which is separate from the circumferential section  13  by steps  15  extending in axial direction. Between these steps, the circumferential section  14  comprises a contraction  16  which consists of a bead extending in axial direction, with said contraction  16  together with the cylinder-shell-shaped section  3  with smaller radius delimiting a gap  17 . With its left face shown in  FIG. 2 , the circumferential section  14  comprising the contraction  16  rests against the right flank of the partial ring collar  7  of the inner body  2 . 
     In the area of the circumferential section  14  comprising the contraction  16 , the cylindrical body  1  comprises a flattened region  18  which pushes the section  14  in. 
     On its right side, shown in  FIG. 2 , the outer cylindrical body  1  is closed off by a bottom  19 , which comprises a bore hole  20 . The bore hole  20  is encompassed by V-shaped ribs  21  which form end stops in the way already shown in the context of  FIGS. 6 to 9 . 
     The bore hole  6  of the inner body  2  is flush with the bore hole  20  and is of the same diameter. 
     The right side, shown in  FIG. 2 , of section  14  with the contraction  16 , forms a transition to the bottom  18  of the outer cylindrical body  1 , which bottom  18  comprises the borehole  20 . In its edge area which comprises the borehole  20 , the bottom  19  comprises a recess in which a sealing ring  23  is held, with said sealing ring  23  resting against the face of section  3 ,  4  of the inner body  2  so as to form a seal. 
     Between the dish-shaped space  4  of the inner body  2  with larger radius and the partial ring collar  7  on the one hand, and the cylindrical wall sections, which encompass these parts, of the inner wall of the outer cylindrical body  1  on the other hand, there are gaps  24  which are filled with grease, as is also the case in the chambers  25 ,  26 , separated by the contraction  16 , of the dish-shaped space between the inner body  1  and the outer body  2  and the ring space  11 . In this arrangement, the ring space  11  forms a store for the grease, as shown in  FIG. 2 . 
     The diameter of the outer ring collar  8  is slightly larger than that of the dish-shaped body  4  with the ring collar  7  prolonging this body  4 , with said outer ring collar  8  at its face towards the cylindrical interior wall of the outer body  1  being sealed off by a ring seal  10 . 
     At its left end shown in  FIG. 2  the outer cylindrical body comprises axial prolongations  28  which form end stops that correspond to the V-shaped ribs  21 . 
     The axially extending steps  15 , which separate the inner section  14  with the contraction  16  from the cylindrical circumferential section  13 , form end stops for the steps  5  which are formed between the semicylindrical sections  3 ,  4  of the inner body  2 . In this way, in the embodiment shown, the inner body  2  can be pivoted by an angle of approx. 60° in relation to the outer body  1 . 
     The embodiment according to  FIG. 5  differs from that according to  FIGS. 3 and 4  in that the contraction  30  of the wall section  14  on one side comprises a flat inclined flank  31  and on the other side of the vertex line comprises a hollowed out part  32 . 
       FIGS. 6 to 9  show a usual double swinging-arm hinge whose hinge arm  40  is connected to a pivotable hinge head  43  by way of the two swinging arms  41 ,  42 . The inner swinging arm  42  comprises a tongue  44  bent out from its inner rolled-in end, which in the usual way interacts with a double-layer closing spring  45  curved in the manner of a hairpin. 
     The double swinging-arm hinge is unusual in that it comprises a pivot-action damper described by means of  FIGS. 1 to 5 . The pivot-action damper is arranged on one arbor  45  which is non-rotatably held between the lateral limbs  46  of the U-shaped hinge arm  40 . The arbor  45  passes through the bore hole  6  of the inner body  2  and the bore hole  20  of the outer body  1 . The inner body  2  is non-rotatably connected to the arbor  45 , for example by way of pins, while the outer cylindrical body  2  is pivotable in relation to the studs  45 . 
     In the embodiment shown, the hinge arm  40  is connected to a cabinet wall or a carcass part  48 , while the pivotable hinge head  43  is connected to a door  49 . In order to dampen the door when it is slammed closed between the pivot positions, shown in  FIGS. 7 and 8 , of the pivotable hinge component  3 , i.e. over an angular region α of approx. 5 to 6°, the outer hinge arm  41  which comprises a sheet metal component bent in a U-shape comprises fork-like levers  50  which extend the limb of said hinge arm  41 , with said fork-like levers  50 , in the way shown, contacting the ribs  21  forming end stops and the projections  28  forming end stops, of the outer cylindrical body  1 . 
     When the door  49  is opened, the levers  50  pivot the outer cylindrical body  1  of the pivot-action damper clockwise in the way shown in  FIGS. 6 and 9 , so that the arms  50  slide off the end stops  41 ,  28 . However, if the door is closed in the way shown in  FIGS. 7 and 8 , the lever arms  50  come to rest against the upper end stops  41 ,  28  so that the door is dampened in the closing region, and accordingly, slamming the door with a strong impact is avoided.