Abstract:
An electric power conservation system to be used between an AC utility power source and a load circuit in a home or business. The electric power conservation system comprises an energy charger component, a DC rechargeable energy source, an inverter unit, a bypass isolation circuit, a monitor and control unit, coil contactors and contacts, and necessary circuitry for supplying a load circuit with the power it requires. The invention reduces consumption of electric power from public utility companies, thereby decreasing the load on the national electrical grid. Where utility companies offer lower off-peak rates to consumers of electrical power, it becomes exceedingly desirable to have such a system in place, to save consumers money. During normal operations wherein normal utility power is available, the load circuit derives part of its power from the AC utility power source, and the remaining power that it requires from the electric power conservation system.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This application is based on and claims the benefit of Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/996,955, filed Dec. 12, 2007, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0003]    The present invention relates to an electric power conservation system, and more specifically, how a system comprised of a DC rechargeable energy source, an energy charger component, an inverter unit, a bypass isolation circuit, and a monitor and control unit can be configured to supply a load circuit, located in industrial, commercial, and residential dwellings, with the power that is required and demanded, while conserving the power supplied by an AC utility power source. Also, a cost savings can be experienced by industrial, commercial and residential users of electric power. When utility companies offer off-peak rates to consumers of electrical power, it becomes exceedingly desirable to have such a system in place. 
         [0004]    2. Description of the Prior Art 
         [0005]    Currently, to the extent that power conservation units exist, such systems are elaborate. Examples are, solar panel systems and wind powered systems, which require an extensive amount of labor to install, and are aesthetically unattractive. These systems often involve additional circuitry and hardware for supplying some degree of power back to the utility power source. Consequently, such systems are prohibitively expensive. 
         [0006]    For many years consumption of electric power in the industrialized counties has been mainly based on the burning of fossil fuels and has spiraled to the point where consumers are seeking alternative sources to power their homes, factories, etc. The electric power conservation system introduced here addresses this issue in a way to get more out of a limited resource as well as any new source of power generation that emerges. The electric power conservation system optimizes the use of a utility power source, consequently reducing the expense paid by consumers for using the utility power source, and as a result, conserving the utility power source. 
         [0007]    The preferred embodiments introduced here encompass three types of systems, a stand-alone, an integrated, and a service entry system. Scaleable systems can be installed at the service entry of residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. An even smaller system comprised of an energy charger component, a DC rechargeable energy source, a bypass isolation circuit, a monitor and control unit, an inverter unit, and other necessary circuitry can be integrated into appliances. Additionally, a stand alone system is contemplated that can be used between an AC outlet within residential, commercial, and industrial dwellings, and equipment requiring power. 
         [0008]    Currently, the national electrical grid is being utilized nearly to its maximum capacity, and the cost of generating power for residential, commercial, and industrial use is increasing. While the exploration and development of new sources of energy, such as hydrogen, solar, biofuels, geothermal, and wind is being conducted, the apparent limitations surrounding the use of fossil fuels are being realized. The efficient use of energy, whatever the source, now and always, is critical. To this end, an electric power conservation system is being introduced herein. 
         [0009]    U.S. Pat. No. 4,158,163, issued on Jun. 12, 1979, to Henry R. Eriksen and Hans M. Beierholm, discloses an inverter circuit for operating an asynchronous motor having an adjustable speed, that converts AC to DC and then back again to AC. 
         [0010]    U.S. Pat. No. 4,164,785, issued on Aug. 14, 1979, to Thomas A. Young and Jay W. Gustin, discloses a mutiphase to single phase and frequency converter system, that converts AC to DC and then back again to AC. 
         [0011]    U.S. Pat. No. 4,642,475, issued on Feb. 10, 1987, to Dietmar Fischer and Christian Kublick, discloses an uninterruptible power supply (“UPS”) which converts AC to DC to charge a storage battery, and then converts DC from the battery back to AC when the normal source of AC is interrupted. 
         [0012]    U.S. Pat. No. 4,672,520, issued on Jun. 9, 1987, to Shigeta Ueda et al., discloses a current-source power converting apparatus with self-extinction devices, that converts AC to DC and then back again to AC, and that supplies power from a battery intermittently when the normal AC power source fails. 
         [0013]    U.S. Pat. No. 4,985,819, issued on Jan. 15, 1991, to Haruyoshi Mori and Nobuo Sashida, discloses an AC to DC to AC apparatus having a battery charging and discharging feature, employed in a non-failure power unit and the like. 
         [0014]    U.S. Pat. No. 5,058,710, issued on Oct. 22, 1991, to Masao Iwasa, discloses an elevator power source device, to provide power to elevators during a power failure, that converts AC to DC, and converts stored DC to AC during a power outage. 
         [0015]    U.S. Pat. No. 5,315,497, issued on May 24, 1994, to Alex J. Severinsky, discloses a power conditioner that inputs AC power having distortion and noise, converts it to DC that is stored in capacitors, and then converted to clean AC power without the distortion and noise. 
         [0016]    U.S. Pat. No. 5,767,591, issued on Jun. 16, 1998, to Joseph F. Pinkerton, discloses a method and apparatus for providing startup power to a diesel-generator-backed uninterruptible power supply, that converts AC to DC and back again to AC. 
         [0017]    U.S. Pat. No. 6,098,175, issued on Aug. 1, 2000, to Howard Hong-Dough Lee, discloses an energy-conserving power-supply system using keep-alive DC power to consistently power a control circuit so as to make a main power supply readily usable for either distributing AC power or supplying regulated DC power. 
         [0018]    U.S. Pat. No. 6,111,764, issued on Aug. 29, 2000, to Satoshi Atou, Haruhiko Ikeda and Hitoshi Mikami, discloses converts AC to DC and back again to AC. 
         [0019]    U.S. Pat. No. 6,115,268, issued on Sep. 5, 2000, to Yu-Ming Chang and Fang-Yi Lu, discloses a method and apparatus for supplying uninterrupted power, that converts AC to DC and back again to AC. 
         [0020]    U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0238196, published on Oct. 2, 2008, to Chao Yan et al., discloses an energy recycle system for use with an AC power supply. AC power is rectified to DC and filtered to remove high-frequency harmonics, and then converted back to AC and returned to the utility grid. 
         [0021]    Japanese Patent No. 2006-271097, published on Oct. 5, 2006, inventors Toshio Inoue and Kazuyuki Kodera, discloses an uninterruptible power supply, in which AC power is rectified into DC power and stored in a battery. When there is a power failure, the DC power from the battery is inverted back into AC. 
         [0022]    Note that none of the references cited above disclose the routine use of converting AC to DC that is stored in a battery, then converted back to AC, to conserve power during normal operation of a home or business when there is not a power failure or interruption. None of the above inventions and patents, taken either singly or in combination, is seen to describe the instant invention as claimed. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0023]    The invention is an electric power conservation system connected between an AC utility power source and a load circuit. The electric power conservation system includes a DC rechargeable energy source, an energy charger component, an inverter unit for changing the stored DC energy into AC power, a method to deactivate and reactivate the system&#39;s active components as the availability of utility power dictates, a bypass method to disconnect the electric power conservation system&#39;s active components from the load circuit and to connect the utility power directly to the load circuit; in the event that it would be necessary, a monitor and control method to optimize utility power usage, and circuitry necessary for supplying electric power derived from both sources; the available utility power; and the stored inverted power, to the load circuit. During normal operations when normal AC utility power is available, and the bypass is not engaged, the load circuit draws its power from the active components of the electric power conservation system, the power drawn from the available utility is only an amount to keep the DC energy storage source within a preset threshold level. The degree to which power is drawn from the system&#39;s active components and thus, the reduced amount of utility power usage, is a function of the overall power capacity of the system, and the efficient management of the monitor and control method. Additionally, while under light to medium load conditions, the load circuit can be supported entirely by the electric power conservation system without the need for any utility power. This stand alone feature, however, will only engage for a period of time not to exceed the storage capacity discharge rate limit. The overall result in any mode of use, is a conservation for industrial, commercial, and residential users of electric utility power, as well as a decreased load on the national electrical grid. 
         [0024]    Accordingly, it is a first object of the invention to produce an electric power conservation system that supplies a load circuit with the power it requires, as might be demanded by industrial, commercial, and residential users of electric utility power, while simultaneously conserving the power supplied by an AC utility power source, and thereby decreasing the load on the national electrical grid. 
         [0025]    It is a second object of the invention to provide an electric power conservation system that employs a DC rechargeable energy source, employs a method to keep said DC rechargeable energy source charged, employs a method of inverting the DC energy into AC energy, employs a monitor and control component which optimizes to achieve the minimum consumption of electric utility power from a public utility, by exploiting the use and efficient management of the elements comprising the system, and, has provisions to connect to an AC utility source on the input side of the system and provision to connect to a load circuit on the output side of the system. 
         [0026]    It is a third object of the invention to provide an electric power conservation system with provisions incorporated to add increased capabilities, additional DC rechargeable energy source, additional charging capacity, and additional inverting capacity. 
         [0027]    It is a fourth object of the invention to provide an electric power conservation system that includes methods to automatically deactivate the energy conservation system&#39;s active components from the load circuit, if the utility power becomes unavailable for an extended period to time, and includes methods to automatically reactivate the system&#39;s active components once utility power is available. 
         [0028]    It is a fifth object of the invention to provide an electric power conservation system that includes a bypass method to disconnect the electric power conservation system&#39;s active components from the load circuit and to connect the utility power directly to the load circuit, in the event that it would be necessary. 
         [0029]    It is a sixth object of the invention to provide an electric power conservation system comprising, but not limited to, three configurations. First, a stand-alone system which can be plugged into any standard AC outlet is offered. Second, an integrated system which would be incorporated into an appliance such as an oven, dish washer, or refrigerator is offered. Third, a service entry system is offered, which would be installed at the service entry of industrial, commercial, and residential locations, and integrated within the wiring thereof. 
         [0030]    It is an object of the invention to provide improved elements and arrangements thereof in an apparatus for the purposes described which is inexpensive, dependable and fully effective in accomplishing its intended purposes. 
         [0031]    These and other objects of the present invention will become readily apparent upon further review of the following specification and drawings. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0032]    To the accomplishment of the above and related objects, the invention may be embodied in the form illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Attention is called to the fact, however, that the drawings are illustrative only. Variations in addition to the three discussed above are contemplated as being part of the invention, limited only by the scope of the claims. 
           [0033]      FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0034]      FIG. 2  is a schematic diagram of the second preferred embodiment the present invention. 
           [0035]      FIG. 3  is a schematic diagram of the third preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0036]      FIG. 4  is a flow chart of the method of conserving electric power, in accordance with the principles of the present invention. 
       
    
    
       [0037]    Similar reference characters denote corresponding features consistently throughout the attached drawings. 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0038]      FIG. 1  schematically illustrates an electric power conservation system in accordance with the principles of the present invention, showing a utility power source  35  supplying  120  VAC electrical power to a load circuit  15  through separate current paths, a bypass current path, and an energy conservation current path. The electric power conservation system can automatically and manually switch between the bypass current path and the energy conservation current path. When the energy conservation current path is active, the demand of the load circuit  15  causes currents of different magnitudes to flow in a energy charger component  47 , a DC rechargeable energy source  57 , and an inverter unit  64  that are connected in series. As will be seen in the following paragraphs, the electric power conservation system is designed to minimize the amount of power supplied by the utility power source  35  and maximize the power supplied by the DC rechargeable energy source  57  that is included in the system. A monitor and control unit  10  assures that energy conservation is optimized through the efficient management of the system resources and that the minimum amount of current is supplied by the utility power source  35 . The monitor and control unit  10  in this embodiment is of the type that has a programmed software routine that supervises the operation of the system resources in such a way as to minimize the amount of power provided by the utility power source  35 . 
         [0039]    The electric power conservation system includes a bypass isolation circuit  26  that can be controlled manually and automatically, to activate and deactivate, the required current path, as the system&#39;s conditions may dictate. The monitor and control unit  10  included in the electric power conservation system, is powered by and connected to the DC rechargeable energy source  57 , utilizing a interconnecting cable  22 . The monitor and control unit  10  in this embodiment supervises the operation of the system&#39;s resources through said interconnecting cable  22 . A toggle switch  70  is incorporated and is connected between a coil contactor  17  and the monitor and control unit  10 . The toggle switch  70  is used to disengage and engage the monitor and control unit  10 . To illustrate, when the toggle switch  70  is opened, the monitor and control unit  10  is disengaged, and only the bypass current path can be utilized to provide power to the load circuit  15 . A normally closed contact  17 - 2  (operated by coil contactor  17 ) in the bypass isolation circuit  26 , is connected in series with a coil contactor  37 , and provides an energizing current path for the coil contactor  37 . Also shown is a connection point  201  between the normally closed contact  17 - 2  and the coil contactor  37  that is used as a monitoring point for the monitor and control unit  10 . A normally open contact  37 - 1  (operated by coil contactor  37 ) and a normally open contact  37 - 2  (operated by coil contactor  37 ), are connected together in series and are situated between the utility power source  35  and the load circuit  15 , and when both are closed, allow the utility power source  35  to furnish the load circuit  15  with the required power, through the bypass current path. When the toggle switch  70  is in the closed position, the monitor and control unit  10  is engaged, and executes an initial condition system check. Upon determining that the energy conservation current path is in a readiness state, the monitor and control unit  10 , produces a stimulus signal that energizes the coil contactor  17 . A normally opened contact  17 - 1  (operated by coil contactor  17 ) in the bypass isolation circuit  26  is connected in series with a coil contactor  36 , and provides an energizing current path for the coil contactor  36 . A connection point  202  between the normally open contact  17  and the coil contactor  36 , is used as monitoring point for the monitor and control unit  10 . A normally open contact  36 - 1  (operated by coil contactor  36 ), shown in the bypass isolation circuit  26 , is connected between the utility power source  35  and the energy charger component  47 , and is used to provide the electric connection therebetween during normal operations. To illustrate, once the stimulus signal energizes coil  17 , the normally open contact  17 - 1  closes, providing a path to energize coil contactor  36  which in turn closes the normally open contact  36 - 1  to allow the utility power source  35  to supply current to the energy charger component  47  in the energy conservation current path. Such current, as supplied by the utility power source  35 , is significantly less than the maximum current required by the load circuit  15 . 
         [0040]      FIG. 1  further illustrates a normally open contact  38 - 1  and a normally open contact  38 - 2  (each operated by a coil contactor  38 , described below) are connected from the output of the inverter unit  64  to the load circuit  15  and provide an electric connection therebetween during normal operation. Additionally, after some predetermined time (provided by the programmed software routine) a stimulus signal from the monitor and control unit  10  is produced and made available to an energized a coil contactor  38 . Once coil contactor  38  is energized, the normally open contact  38 - 1  and the normally open contact  38 - 2  close, to complete the energy conservation current path from the utility power source  35  to the load circuit  15 . When the energy conservation current path is functioning, the load circuit  15  will cause currents of varying degrees to flow in the energy charger component  47 , the DC rechargeable energy source  57 , and the inverter unit  64 . The monitor and control unit  10  assures that energy conservation is realized through the efficient management of the system resources and that the minimum amount of current is supplied by the utility power source  35 . There might be additional components, hardware, firmware, software, and other such comparable means and methods employed to make and maintain the connections, interactions, and accomplish the overall purpose illustrated and articulated herewith, as these have been contemplated. 
         [0041]      FIG. 1  shows that the output of the energy charger component  47  is connected to the DC rechargeable energy source  57 , which in turn is connected to the input of the inverter unit  64 . These three components working in tandem, and managed by the monitor and control unit  10 , comprise the essential electric power conservation components. Though  FIG. 1  illustrates the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, consisting of the energy charger component  47 , the DC rechargeable energy source  57 , the inverter unit  64 , the monitor and control unit  10 , the bypass isolation circuit  26 , a bypass current path, interconnecting cable  22 , and an additional switch and coil contactors, it should not be construed as the only embodiment contemplated. To provide significant energy conservation, a typical embodiment might only consist of the energy charger component  47 , the DC rechargeable energy source  57 , the inverter unit  64 , and means of connection to inverter unit  64 , and means of connection to the utility power source  35  and the load circuit  15 , as illustrated. 
         [0042]      FIG. 1  schematically Illustrates that the bypass isolation circuit  26  includes a coil contactor  37 , a manual bypass switch  11  (manually engaged, mechanically held), and an energizing connection point path, each of these elements become connected together in series when the manual bypass switch  11  is engaged (set to bypass position). With the manual bypass switch engaged (set to bypass position), an energizing current path for the coil contactor  37  is complete. Subsequently, a normally open contact  37 - 1  (operated by the coil contactor  37 ), and a normally open contact  37 - 2  (operated by the coil contactor  37 ), each close, permitting only the bypass current path to provide the load circuit  15  with power from the utility power source  35 , during the manual bypass operation. Other suitable means might be employed to safely accomplish such interactions, and are well known to persons of ordinary skill in the art. 
         [0043]      FIG. 1  additionally shows that along the energy conservation current path, as illustrated, the utility power source  35  is connected to the input side of a normally open contact  36 - 1  (operated by the coil contactor  36 ) of the bypass isolation circuit  26 . The output side of the normally open contact  36 - 1  (operated by the coil contactor  36 ) of the bypass isolation circuit  26  is connected to a energy charger component  47 . The output from the energy charger component  47  is connected to a DC rechargeable energy source  57 , where it is in turn connected to the input of a inverter unit  64 . The hot side of the output from the inverter unit  64  is connected to input side of a normally open contact  38 - 1  (operated by the coil contactor  38 ) of the bypass isolation circuit  26 . The neutral side of the output from the inverter unit  64  is connected to input side of a normally open contact  38 - 2  (operated by the coil contactor  38 ) of the bypass isolation circuit  26 . The output side of the normally open contact  38 - 1  (operated by the coil contactor  38 ) of the bypass isolation circuit  26  is connected directly to the hot side of the load circuit  15 . The output side of the normally open contact  38 - 2  (operated by the coil contactor  38 ) of the bypass isolation circuit  26  is connected directly to the neutral side of the load circuit  15 . The bypass isolation circuit  26 , the output of the utility power source  35 , the input of the energy charger component  47 , and the load circuit  15  each share a common neutral VAC connection. The output of the energy charger component  47 , the DC rechargeable energy source  57 , and the input of the inverter unit  64  each share a DC common positive connection point and a DC common negative connection point. During the energy conservation mode of operation, the neutral side of the inverter unit  64  and the neutral side of the load circuit  15 , share a common point once the contact  38 - 2  has been commanded to close. 
         [0044]    The bypass isolation circuit  26  in this embodiment employs a “break-before-make” means, but it should be noted that any other suitable means for safely switching between the energy conservation current path and the bypass current path may be employed. 
         [0045]    The monitor and control unit  10  in this embodiment is of the type that has a software routine programmed into it. It should be noted here that other suitable means for accomplishing interaction between the major elements of the electric power conservation system may be employed, as such methods would be appreciated and well known by those persons skilled in art. In addition to its other functions, as will be discussed below, the monitor and control unit  10  is utilized to sense the availability of power from the utility power source  35 . In this embodiment such sensing is accomplished through the interconnection means  22 , as is located between the monitor and control unit  10  and the bypass isolation circuit  26 , and by the software routine within the monitor and control unit  10 . There might be additional components and hardware necessary to make and maintain such connections as would be well known to persons familiar with the art. The monitor and control unit  10  is also utilized to monitor and control parameters within the energy charger component  47 . In this embodiment the AC input current that is drawn by the energy charger component  47 , and the DC output current supplied to the DC rechargeable energy source  57  is sensed by the monitor and control unit  10 . Similarly, the charging rate that the energy charger component  47  is allowed to charge the DC rechargeable energy source  57  is determined and supplied by the monitor and control unit  10 . Also, the monitor and control unit  10  is utilized to switch on and switch off the energy charger component  47 . In this embodiment such sensing and sourcing is achieved by the software routine and the interconnection means  22 , as is located between the control unit  10 , the bypass isolation circuit  26 , and the DC rechargeable energy source  57 . There might be additional components and hardware necessary to make, maintain, and operate such interaction between the monitor and control unit  10  and the energy charger component  47 . It should be noted here that other suitable means for accomplishing such interaction between the monitor and control unit  10  and the energy charger component  47  may be employed. Additionally, the monitor and control unit  10  is utilized to monitor and control critical parameters of the inverter unit  64 . The DC current drawn by the inverter unit  64 , the AC output current supplied to the load circuit  15  by the inverter unit  64 , and other parameters necessary for the correct and efficient operation of the electric power conservation system are sensed and supplied by the monitor and control unit  10 . The ability to switch on and switch off the inverter unit  64  can also be accomplished by the monitor and control unit  10 . In this embodiment such sensing and sourcing is achieved by the software routine, and through the interconnection means  22 , as is located between the monitor and control unit  10  and the inverter unit  64 . There might be additional components and hardware necessary to make, maintain, and operate such interaction between the monitor and control unit  10  and the inverter unit  64 . It should be noted here that other suitable means for accomplishing such interaction between the monitor and control unit  10  and the inverter unit  64  may be employed. Further, the monitor and control unit  10  is utilized to sense the DC output directly at the DC rechargeable energy source  57 . In this embodiment such sensing is achieved by the software routine and through the interconnection means  22 , as is located between the monitor and control unit  10  and the DC rechargeable energy source  57 . Here, it should be noted that if the voltage of DC rechargeable energy source  57  cannot be brought within a set of predetermined levels within a specified time, by the energy charger component  47 , then the electric power conservation system defaults to the bypass current path. There may be additional components and hardware necessary to make, maintain, and operate such interaction between the monitor and control unit  10  and the DC rechargeable energy source  57 . It should be noted here that other suitable means for accomplishing such interaction between the monitor and control unit  10  and the DC rechargeable energy source  57  may be employed. 
         [0046]    The operation of the electric power conservation system will now be described. The energy conservation current path of the utility power source  35  occurs through and between closed contacts  36 - 1 ,  38 - 1  and  38 - 2  of the bypass isolation circuit  26 . During normal operations, the manual bypass switch  11  is not engaged (set to normal position), the monitor and control unit  10  is powered from the DC rechargeable energy source  57 , and the toggle switch  70  is closed. When the monitor and control unit  10  determines that the system is in a readiness state a stimulus signal is produced and made available to energized coil contactor  17  and coil contactor  38 . When coil contactor  17  becomes energized the normally open contact  17 - 1  (operated by coil contactor  17 ) closes and supplies the current path to energize a coil contactor  36 . Similarly, when coil contactor  38  becomes energized, the normally open contacts  38 - 1  and  38 - 2  close, establishing a connection path from the energy conservation path to the load circuit  15 . Once the coil contactor  36  becomes energized a normally open contact  36 - 1  closes permitting the current from the AC utility power  35  to flow to the energy charger component  47  where it is converted to DC. When the minimum lower threshold voltage of the DC rechargeable energy source  57  has been reached, the DC current flow that is output from the energy charger component  47  is supplied to the DC rechargeable energy source  57  to bring the DC rechargeable energy source  57  within the specified predetermined levels and limits. The output of the DC rechargeable energy source  57  continuously flows to supply the inverter unit  64  with the DC power required so that is can perform the task of inverting DC power into AC power. The inverted power from the inverter unit  64  is output as AC power and is used to supply the load circuit  15  with the required AC power as demand might dictate. Before arriving at the load circuit  15 , the AC power generated by the inverter unit  64  flows through the closed contacts  38 - 1 , and  38 - 2  of the bypass isolation circuit  26  and then directly to the load circuit  15 , and thus completes the electric power conservation system&#39;s normal operating power current path mode. 
         [0047]    While in this operating mode, the monitor and control unit  10  is collecting and supplying parameters throughout the system. The current and voltage supplied to the load circuit  15 , the DC voltage at the DC rechargeable energy source  57 , the AC utility voltage and current, and the instantaneous charging rate supplied by the energy charger component  47  to the DC rechargeable energy source  57 , are among the parameters that are captured, evaluated and supplied, by the monitor and control unit  10 , as it determines the appropriate real time adjustment setting for the energy charger component  47 . Once adjusted, which could result in a command to switch off the energy charger component  47 , the DC output from the energy charger component  47  is supplied to the DC rechargeable energy source  57  to bring the DC rechargeable energy source  57  within the specified predetermined levels and limits. Simultaneously, an efficiency reading is available from the monitor and control unit  10 . If the energy charger component  47  is commanded to switch off, the electric power conservation system is operating at peak efficiency and no current is being drawn for the AC utility power  35 . In order to supply the necessary power to the load circuit  15 , the AC power generated by the inverter unit  64  flows through to the closed contacts  38 - 1  and  38 - 2  of the bypass isolation circuit  26  and directly to the load circuit  15 . When the monitor and control unit  10  senses that the voltage of the DC rechargeable energy source  57  has dropped below a predetermined lower limit the monitor and control unit  10  issues a signal to switch on the energy charger component  47 . This cycle of monitoring and controlling continues on indefinitely and includes a solution to engage the bypass current path should the conditions of the system dictate. 
         [0048]    The bypass current path of the electric power conservation system occurs through and between contacts  37 - 1 , and  37 - 2  of the bypass isolation circuit  26 . This operation can be initiated manually as well as automatically. During normal operation, when the manual bypass switch  11  is engaged (set to bypass position), coil contactor  36  becomes deenergized, and contact  36 - 1  opens and disconnects the utility power source from the energy conservation current path. Simultaneously, the monitor and control unit  10 , through the use of the interconnecting cable  22 , detects the status of the manual bypass switch and removes the stimulus signal from coil contactor  38 , deenergizing it. Once coil contactor  38  becomes deenergized, contact  38 - 1  and contact  38 - 2  open and disconnect the energy conservation current path from the load circuit  15 . With the manual bypass switch  11  engaged (set to bypass position), coil contactor  37  becomes energized and contact  37 - 1  and contact  37 - 2  close allowing the bypass current path to flow from the utility power source  35  directly to the load circuit  15 , bypassing the components of the energy conservation current path. 
         [0049]    In addition to the above, during normal operation if the monitor and control unit  10  determines that the energy conservation current path as well as any one of the components therein is not operating within the predetermined system requirements, then the stimulus signal supplied to toggle switch  70  is removed and the system supplies current to the load circuit  15  through the bypass current path. 
         [0050]    While the embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in relation to load circuits that are connected to an utility  120  VAC power source, it will be apparent that the electric power conservation system disclosed herein may be incorporated into load circuits that derive its power from other power sources. Additionally, scalable systems can be installed at the service entry of residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. An even smaller system comprised of a charger circuit, a DC energy storage source, and an inverter can be integrated into appliances. Additionally, a stand alone system is contemplated that can be used between a single AC outlet within a residential, commercial, or industrial dwelling and equipment requiring power. 
         [0051]      FIG. 2  is a schematic diagram of the second preferred embodiment of the electric power conservation system in accordance with the principles of the present invention, that has additional element modules  47 ,  57  and  64  in order to increase overall capacity. 
         [0052]      FIG. 3  is a schematic diagram of the third preferred embodiment of an electric power conservation system in accordance with the principles of the present invention, that conceptualizes how the invention will be arranged in replacement of existing feeder box type, branch circuit electrical wiring. Additionally, this same conceptional illustration shows a modular design, whereby a monitor and control unit, and a DC rechargeable energy source are remotely located (and not shown in  FIG. 3 ). The monitor and control unit are connected by lines  66 . The DC rechargeable energy source is connected by lines  68  and  70 . 
         [0053]      FIG. 4  is a flow chart that conveys the method of conserving electric power in accordance with the principles of the present invention, which is systematically programmed to proceed in carrying out the interaction between the system elements to accomplish the purpose for which the system is designed. The method starts at  80 . The system checks whether initial conditions are set  82 . If not, then it sets initial conditions and system parameters  84 . The system then checks whether the manual bypass is set to normal  86 . 
         [0054]    If it is set to normal, then the system measures system parameters  88 . The system then checks whether it is ready  90 . If it is ready, it then produces stimulus and energizing signals  92 . If it is set to normal, then the system measures system parameters  88 . The system then checks whether it is ready  90 . If the system is not ready  90 , it determines system status and sets an error flag  106  (see below). The system then proceeds to an orderly shutdown  108  and stops  110 . If it is ready, it then produces stimulus and energizing signals  92 . The system again measures its parameters  94 . If the parameters are within limits  96 , it again measures them  94 . If the parameters are not within limits, it determines whether conditions are recoverable  98 . If they are, then it makes required adjustments  100 , and again measures its parameters  94 . If conditions are not recoverable, it determines system status and sets an error flag  106  (see below). 
         [0055]    If the manual bypass is not set to normal, then the system measures energy source voltage  102 . If the energy storage source is charged or charging  104 , then the system returns to the step just after start  80 . If the energy storage source is not charged or charging, then the system determines system status and sets an error flag  106 . The system then proceeds to an orderly shutdown  108  and stops  110 . 
         [0056]    It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but encompasses any and all embodiments within the scope of the following claims.