Abstract:
A T-tap connector for making connection of a main electrical conductor without stripping the insulation or without splicing. A housing member has a plurality of connection chambers with an internally threaded wall and a central axis, a common connection member mounted in a wall separating the connection chambers. One of the connection chambers is slotted so that the walls thereof serve as ratchet teeth and coact with a coupling member to force a wire into engagement with a sharp pointed, common conductive member.

Description:
REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     The present application is the subject of provisional application Ser. No. 60/222,590 filed Aug. 2, 2000 entitled T-TAP-IN CONNECTOR. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND AND BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a wire connector for tapping to a wire particularly low-voltage hot-wire such as in a vehicle 12-volt and 24-volt systems. The invention also pertains to tapping into wires without severing or splicing the wire. In the prior art, tapping into a main or a hot wire or tying wires together is frequently done by one cut of the main wire and stripping the insulation from the wire ends and twisting or crimping the three (or more) wires together. A further technique in the prior art is to strip the insulation off the main or hot wire and wrap and solder the accessory wire thereon and then cover them with heat-shrink to reinsulate them. A third technique is used “Scotch Lok” (TM) type connector which taps into each wire with a blade shape that can in some instances destroy the wire strands and easily come apart. 
     An object of the present invention is to provide a T-tap into a wire without severing the wire or splicing the wire or with unusual tools or stripping the hot wire. 
     A further object of the invention is to provide a T-tap into an insulated main which substantially maintains the integrity of the main wire. 
     A further object of the invention is to provide a T-tap connector which will not pull apart or vibrate. 
     A further object of the invention is to provide a T-tap connector which has significantly less resistance than crimping or soldering into a T-tap. 
     According to the invention, a cylindrical female body member has a pair of connection chambers, one chamber which is provided in a form as substantially disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,228,875, incorporated herein by reference. As disclosed in that patent, a common conductive member extends between the two connection chambers. In the present invention, instead of a bullet-shaped end in one of the connection chambers, that connection chamber is provided with a conductive member portion that has a needle sharp point for piercing the insulation and into the stranded conductors of a so-called main wire. A notch or slot in the female and/or male body allows the wire to be positioned onto the bullet needle sharp point, and when the male end member is pressed in place, the wire is held and pressed between the male and female members, causing the sharp point to pierce through proximate the center of the insulation to the conductor strands. Due to U-shaped notches or slots in the threaded portions, the threaded portions are spring-like and ratchet to lock the wire in the notches or slots with the needle-sharp point electrically engaging the conductive wire strand(s). Due to the needle shape of the bullet, the wire strands are pushed around it making full electrical contact. No wire strands are broken and the wire integrity is maintained. Thus, there is provided a method and apparatus for tapping into hot wires without splicing or stripping into the hot wire. The invention is particularly applicable to low voltage situations (automotive, boats, planes, etc.) where tapping in hot wires is sometimes desirable but is not limited to low voltage applications. 
     In all cases, for safety it is highly advisable to remove power from the circuit in which the “hot wire” is located so that the connection is made while there is no power on the wire. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The above and other objections, advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent when considered with the following specification and accompanying drawing, wherein: 
     FIG. 1 is an enlargement of a side elevational view of a T-tap connector incorporating the invention, 
     FIG. 2 is a sectional view thereof, 
     FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the positioning of the wires to be connected together with the main or hot wire running vertically in the drawing, and 
     FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the wires in an installed position in one embodiment of the invention, and 
     FIG. 5A is a view taken on line  5 A— 5 A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5B is a view taken on line  5 B— 5 B in FIG.  1 . 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, a T-tap electrical connector is shown incorporating the invention in which a cylindrical female member  10  has a pair of connection chambers  11  and  12  therein divided by a bullet-mounting wall  13  which rigidly supports a conductive bullet member  14  having left and right ends  14 L and  14 R, respectively. The right end  14 R and a connection chamber  11  are similar to the connection chamber disclosed in Swenson U.S. Pat. No. 5,695,369. Chamber  11  has an internally threaded wall  16  which is adapted to being threadably engaged with threads  17  on non-conductive male coupling member  18 . Non-conductive male coupling member  18  has a throughbore  19 , with one end  20  of throughbore  19  being conical and adapted to coact with conical end  14 R of bullet  14  to clamp wires therebetween as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,695,369 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,228,875 incorporated herein by reference. The right end of the throughbore  19  is flared outwardly and is adapted to receive at least one and preferably two to three wires, the ends of which are stripped of insulation and twisted together to make electrical contact with the conductive end  14 R of the conductive bullet  14 . In use, when the external threads  17  are engaged with internal threads  16  in conduction chamber  11 , the wires shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are clamped tightly between the conductive bullet surface  14 R and the clamping wall  20  of connection member  18 . 
     The right end  22  of connection member  18  is knurled so as to provide easy gripping. Body member  10  may also be knurled or roughened or provided with thumb wings to enhance the force supplied by the fingers to provide secure clamping or locking the twisted wire ends TWE securely in place. 
     The opposing end, connection chamber  12 , has internally threaded walls  40  and houses the protruding end  14 L of the bullet conductor  14 . Instead of being bullet-shaped, end  14 LE is sharpened to a point and so that it is easily capable of piercing the insulation on a main conductor MC which is to be tapped (FIGS. 4,  5 ). For this purpose, notches or slots S 1 , S 2 , S 3  and S 4  are provided in the walls of connection chamber  12 . Slots S 1 , S 2 , S 3  and S 4  provide or serve two functions: 
     1. They provide a notch into which to receive the main wire MC so as to center it exactly on the point of  14 L of conductor member  14 L (note that the tip or sharpened point of bullet end  14 L is positioned somewhat below the leftward end of a slot so that the wire MC can be positioned directly on the sharpened point and held in position while the coupling member  50  is fitted in place), and 
     2. Serve as to render the remaining portions F 1 , F 2 , F 3  and F 4  of the housing  12 -E 1 ,  12 -E 2 ,  12 -E 3  and  12 -E 4  as spring fingers so that the internally threaded portions of the housing act as spring ratchet fingers. 
     A second non-conductive coupling member  50  is provided for pressing the main conductor wire MC into engagement with the sharp point  14 L so as to cause the point to pierce the insulation of main conductor MC to engage the conductive wire (either stranded or non-single solid conductor). Coupling member  50  is provided with a set of slots  51 ,  52 ,  53 ,  54  which, like the slots S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4  in the housing member  12 , make the remaining portions of the coupling member  50  which have the threaded external surfaces thereon serve as ratchet teeth which coact with the ratchet spring fingers on housing member  12  to spring inwardly as the ratchet spring fingers on the coupling member  50  spring outwardly thereby to ratchet the coupling member  50  as it is pressed inwardly and locked step-by-step thereby forcing the wire step-by-step into positive engagement with sharpened point  14 LE. 
     As illustrated, slots S 1  and S 2  may have different widths than slots S 3  and S 4 , and slots  51  and  52  can have different widths than slots  53  and  54  so as to accommodate different ranges of wire sizes. 
     In the preferred embodiment, the T-tap connector of this invention has a non-conductive body member  10  and coupling members  25  and  50  which are made of nylon with preferably fifteen percent glass fiberfill. The conductive bullet preferably is 360 brass. 
     Thus, there has been provided a T-tap connector having a U-groove in the female or male body to allow the wire to be positioned into the bullet&#39;s needle-sharp point  14 LE when the male end is pressed in place. When the wire is pressed between the male and female members, the bullet point pierces through the center of the wire insulation. Due to the U-shaped screws or slots in the threaded portions, the remaining portions serve as spring-like ratchet fingers themselves to lock the wire in the grooves with the needle-sharp point shape of the bullet. And the wire strands are pushed around it making full electrical contact. The wire strands are broken, and the main wire MC integrity is maintained. 
     One or more accessory wires is then stripped and inserted into the opposing end of the connector coupling member  25  and locked as in U.S. Pat. No. 5,228,875. 
     The T-tap-in connector of this invention has many uses. For extending all “hot wires” without splicing or stripping into the hot wire. It can be used for automobile add-on&#39;s, such as alarms, lighting and stereos. 
     The present invention is superior to prior art T-tap techniques in that: 
     1. It has the ability to tap into wire without tools, splicing or stripping of the main wire insulation. 
     2. It has maintained integrity of the hot wire without exposing the user to voltage. 
     3. The wire strands of the main wire remain intact. 
     4. Tap-in into the hot lead MC will not pull apart or vibrate loose. 
     5. There is less resistance as compared to crimping or soldering. 
     While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other modifications, adaptations and changes to the invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.