Abstract:
In general, a fluid delivery system includes a plurality of fluid delivery printheads, a first reservoir for holding an ink, the first reservoir coupled to a first one of the plurality of fluid delivery printheads, and a second reservoir for holding a flavored liquid, the second reservoir coupled to a second one of the plurality of fluid delivery printheads.

Description:
This application claims the benefit of priority of U.S. provisional patent application 60/743,652, filed Mar. 22, 2006, which is incorporated in its entirety here by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Droplet ejection devices are used for depositing droplets on a substrate. Ink jet printers are a type of droplet ejection device. Ink jet printers typically include an ink supply to a nozzle path. The nozzle path terminates in a nozzle opening from which ink drops are ejected. Ink drop ejection is controlled by pressurizing ink in the ink path with an actuator, which may be, for example, a piezoelectric deflector, a thermal bubble jet generator, or an electro statically deflected element. A typical printhead has an array of ink paths with corresponding nozzle openings and associated actuators, such that drop ejection from each nozzle opening can be independently controlled. In a drop-on-demand printhead, each actuator is fired to selectively eject a drop at a specific pixel location of an image as the printhead and a printing substrate are moved relative to one another. In high performance printheads, the nozzle openings typically have a diameter of 50 microns or less, e.g. around 35 microns, are separated at a pitch of 100-300 nozzle/inch, have a resolution of 100 to 3000 dpi or more, and provide drop sizes of about 1 to 70 picoliters or less. Drop ejection frequency can be 10 kHz or more. 
     Printing accuracy is influenced by a number of factors, including the size and velocity uniformity of drops ejected by the nozzles in the head and among multiple heads in a printer. The drop size and drop velocity uniformity are in turn influenced by factors such as the dimensional uniformity of the ink paths, acoustic interference effects, contamination in the ink flow paths, and the actuation uniformity of the actuators. 
     SUMMARY 
     Generally, the invention relates to printing systems and methods of printing on substrates. In an aspect, a fluid delivery system includes a plurality of fluid delivery printheads, a first reservoir for holding an ink, the first reservoir coupled to a first one of the plurality of fluid delivery printheads, and the second reservoir for holding a flavored liquid, a second reservoir coupled to a second one of the plurality of fluid delivery printheads. 
     Other implementations may include one or more of the following features. A fluid delivery system that includes a controller configured to control the first one of the plurality of fluid delivery printheads to deposit the ink onto a substrate and to control the second one of the plurality of fluid delivery printheads to deposit the flavored liquid onto the substrate. In the fluid delivery system, the first one of the plurality of fluid delivery printheads is configured to deposit the ink onto an area of the substrate and to control the second one of the plurality of fluid delivery printheads to deposit the flavored liquid onto the same area of the substrate. 
     In another aspect, a fluid delivery system has a fluid delivery printhead, a first reservoir for holding ink, wherein the first reservoir is coupled to the printhead, a second reservoir for holding a flavored liquid, wherein the second reservoir is coupled to the printhead, and a controller configured to control the fluid delivery printhead to deposit the ink and flavored liquid onto a substrate. 
     By printing both images and flavors onto a food product, a person&#39;s sense of sight and taste are stimulated. The eating experience can be more enjoyable when the flavors and images correlate to each other. To enhance a person&#39;s sensory perception, an aroma can also be jetted onto a food product. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  depicts a schematic of a printing system with an ink reservoir and a flavored liquid reservoir connected to a printhead. 
         FIG. 2  depicts a food product with orange, barbeque-flavored sections and gray, smoke-flavored grill marks. 
         FIG. 3  depicts a pastry jetted with a picture of a strawberry, strawberry flavored liquid, and strawberry aroma. 
         FIG. 4  depicts a schematic of a printing system with an ink reservoir connected to a first printhead and a flavored liquid reservoir connected to a second printhead. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     A printing system can be configured to jet flavors, images, and aromas onto food products. Referring to  FIG. 1 , a printing system  10  includes a printhead  12  coupled to an ink reservoir  14  and flavored liquid reservoir  16 . A controller  18  is coupled to the printhead  12  and sends instructions to the printhead  12  to jet the ink and flavored liquid. In response to instructions from the controller  18 , the printhead  12  prints flavored images onto the substrate  20 . The printhead  12  has multiple nozzles, some of which jet ink and others that jet the flavored liquid. The substrate  20  moves along a conveyor belt  22 , which is moved by rollers  24 , and underneath the printhead  12 . By way of example, the substrate  20  will be referred to as a food product. 
       FIG. 2  depicts a potato chip  100  that is smoke-barbeque flavored. To enhance the sensory experience of eating, the potato chip  100  is printed with ink colors, images, and flavors that correlate to each other. The orange-colored sections  102  (slanted-line section) are ink jetted orange and deposited with barbeque flavoring. The orange sections are separated by grill marks  104  (shaded section) that are ink jetted gray and deposited with smoke flavoring. The grill marks  104  and orange-colored sections give the consumer the impression that the potato chip  100  was seared over a grill and basted with barbeque sauce. To further enhance the eating experience, a barbeque aroma can be jetted onto the chip  100  to engage a person&#39;s sense of smell. 
       FIG. 3  depicts a pastry  200  printed with a strawberry image  202  along with strawberry flavoring and aroma  204 . The body of the strawberry  202  is jetted with red ink (dotted section) and the top of the strawberry  202  is jetted in green ink (shaded section). The strawberry flavoring and aroma are jetted inside the dashed lined area  204 , such that the flavoring and aroma cover the strawberry image as well as the surrounding area. Consumers may perceive the pastry to taste even more like strawberries because their sense of sight, taste, and smell are all engaged at the same time. A person views the red juicy strawberry printed on the pastry, tastes the strawberry flavoring, and smells the strawberry aroma simultaneously. This correlation between the red ink color, strawberry image, strawberry flavor, and strawberry aroma enhance the sensory perception. 
     In some implementations, the images on the food product can be jetted with a flavored ink, which is a mixture of an ink and flavored liquid. For example, purple ink and grape flavoring can be combined to make a grape-flavored ink. A printhead can jet images using the flavored ink onto a web of dough, which is later cut into individual pieces (i.e., cookies). 
     In an implementation, the flavored liquid can be a glycol solution with a flavoring added to it. The flavored liquid can be encapsulated and suspended in a carrier fluid to make an emulsion. Also, the flavor can be solid particles, which can be coated, or the flavor can be powder that is encapsulated. The carrier fluid can be glycol-based or water-based. The carrier fluid chosen to suspend the flavor depends on how the flavor is encapsulated. For example, if the flavor is oil-based then the carrier is water-based and vice versa. 
     By encapsulating the flavor, the flavor can be localized to a specific area on the food product. The consumer can only taste the flavor when the consumer bites into the encapsulated flavor. In contrast, when a flavored liquid is not encapsulated, the flavor penetrates the surface of the food product and may even spread into the surrounding area causing the entire food product to taste like the flavored liquid. 
     In an implementation using encapsulated flavors, a food product is divided into several sections, and each section is printed with a different flavor. For example, a cracker is deposited with 4 different flavored sections, such as sour cream and onion, bacon, peanut butter, and cheese. 
     In another implementation, individual food products are printed with different flavored images that are combined to create new flavors. For instance, a piece of candy has a picture of a peanut that tastes like peanut butter, and a second piece of candy has a picture of a grape that tastes like grape jelly. The two pieces are combined to create a candy that tastes like a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. The candies can be contained in a package (i.e., a bag or box), which has a table of the different combinations of candies to create new flavors. 
     Referring to  FIG. 4 , the printing system  300  has two printheads, a flavored liquid printhead  302  and an ink printhead  304 , coupled to a flavored liquid reservoir  306  and ink reservoir  308  respectively. The controller  310  sends instructions to the ink printhead to print ink  312  and to the flavored liquid printhead to deposit a flavored liquid  314  on the food product  316 . The flavored liquid can be printed on the same area as the ink image. Alternatively, the image can be printed on the center of the food product while the flavored liquid can be printed on the edges of the food product. By printing on the edges of the food product, customers taste the flavor when they first bite into it. 
     Other implementations are within the scope of the following claims. For example,  FIG. 1  shows a printing system with two fluid reservoirs, but other implementations can have more than two fluid reservoirs. For instance, a printhead can be connected to four ink reservoirs (i.e., CMYK) and five flavor reservoirs (i.e., bitter, sweet, salt, sour, and umami). The nozzles within the printhead can be divided into nine sections, such that each section jets one of the nine possible fluids. The five flavors can be used to create a flavor spectrum akin to the color spectrum created by the four inks (cyan, yellow, magenta, and black). 
     Additionally, the printhead can be connected to several aroma reservoirs, in which the controller selects an aroma that correlates with the images and flavors printed on the substrate. Other implementations may print only two of the three materials on a substrate, such as ink and flavored liquid, ink and aroma, or flavored liquid and aroma. 
     In another implementation of  FIG. 1 , the ink and flavored liquid from separate reservoirs are combined in a single fluid chamber inside the printhead prior to jetting. The ink and flavored liquid mix together in the fluid chamber prior to jetting rather than designating a set of nozzles to jet the ink and another set to jet the flavored liquid. In this implementation, all of the nozzles jet the combined fluid. 
     While  FIG. 4  shows two printheads each coupled to a fluid reservoir, other implementations of  FIG. 4  can have multiple printheads coupled to multiple reservoirs. For example, four printheads are coupled to four reservoirs containing ink (i.e., CMYK) and eight other printheads are coupled to eight flavored liquid reservoirs (i.e., strawberry, banana, vanilla, raspberry, grape, watermelon, orange, and cherry). The printheads can print multicolor images as well as multi-flavored liquids. For instance, the printing system could print a picture of a red strawberry and yellow banana on a piece of gum and deposit strawberry and banana flavorings to make a strawberry-banana flavored piece of gum. Also, a piece of gum can be printed with strawberry, raspberry, and grape to make berry-flavored gum. 
     In implementations of the printing systems in  FIG. 1  or  4 , the controller can be a computer that has a database for storing images and flavor combinations. The controller creates a bitmap of the image and flavors, which are sent to the printhead for printing. Also, an aroma printhead can print an aroma from an aroma reservoir onto the food product. 
     The printing system can be used to print on any kind of substrate, such as a sheet of dough, discrete articles (i.e., cookies, candies, or dog treats), food products (i.e., crackers, chips, fruit leather, pastries, cupcakes, or gum), pharmaceuticals (i.e., vitamins, aspirin, or prescription medication), or flowable substrates (i.e., ice cream, yogurt, or coffee). 
     The ink used to print on a food product can be FDA certified food colorants for digital decoration, such as Tapestry™ edible jetting fluid sold by FUJIFILM Dimatix, Inc. or an edible hot melt ink. Flavored liquids can include flavors, such as fruit flavors, sour cream and onion, barbeque flavor, chocolate, peanut butter, pistachio, vanilla, cinnamon, honey, or any other flavor. 
     Other implementations and combinations of these implementations are within the scope of the following claims. 
     A variety of printheads can be used, such as piezoelectric ink jet printheads including Galaxy PH 256, available from FUJIFILM Dimatix, Inc. The Galaxy printheads can print about 30, 50, or 80 picoliter drops. Using an ink jet printhead, precise amounts of ink and flavored liquids can be deposited onto a food product. Ink jet printing can also control the placement of flavors on particular areas of a substrate. Digital printing can be used to customize items on a job-by-job basis, such that each item is different. The flavor and images can be changed job-by-job, or the image can be the same but the flavor can be different for each job and vice versa, or the flavor and image can be part of a single data file. The ink jet printhead can deposit multiple layers of different flavors to create new flavors.