Abstract:
A cross flow type fan system is provided with a tongue having a first surface positioned adjacent the outlet of the fan system in a direction generally parallel to the direction of travel of a majority of the air exiting the system. The tongue further has a second surface of a given width positioned at an angle relative to the first surface and a third surface having a given width with the first and third surfaces being positioned generally perpendicular to one another. Due to the shape of the tongue, static pressure of the discharge air flow can increase at both ends of the discharge opening. Pressure characteristics of the discharge air flow is therefore improved to obtain better stability. Ends of the tongue can be positioned further from an outward circumferential surface of the fan than the middle section of the tongue due to differences in cross-sectional shape. The middle section of the tongue can also have a point of protrusion in cross section at a lower position while the ends of the tongue have a generally flat face in cross section at the lower position. This arrangement will improve overall stability of discharge air, especially in the low air volume range.

Description:
This application is a divisional of copending application Ser. No. 07/150,390, filed on Jan. 29, 1988, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,913,622. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a cross flow fan system which is utilized for air conditioners and various other types of air conditioning systems. 
     Example 1 of the Conventional Cross Flow Fan 
     The cross flow fan used in a conventional air conditioner is equipped with a suction opening 1 for air and a discharge opening 2 as shown in FIG. 4. has a heat exchanger 5 and a cross flow fan 4 in the casing, and a tongue section 3 and a rear guider 6 for stabilizing the air flow. In a construction of a conventional cross flow fan such as this, in order to reduce the depth of the casing, the heat exchanger 5 is installed so that the lower end of the heat exchanger 5 is above the shaft of the fan. 
     With the above construction for a cross flow fan, the direction of the air flowing into the cross flow fan 4 is brought close to the vertical direction as shown by the actual line a. The vortex flow above the part 7 where the rear guider 6 and the outer circumferential surface of the fan are closest becomes difficult to generate. On the other hand, air which does not flow into the cross flow fan 4 from the same part 7 increases as shown by the broken line. This air flows directly into the discharging direction along the rear guider 6, resulting in a deterioration of discharged air volume and in noise characteristic. 
     Example 2 of the Conventional Cross Flow Fan 
     FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a cross flow fan for a conventional air conditioner. FIG. 6 is background prior art which does not qualify as statutory prior art under 35 U.S.C. 102 at Jan. 30, 1987, the earliest foreign priority data for the instant application. As shown in FIG. 6, the conventional cross flow fan incorporates a cross flow fan 101 in a casing 103, and at a position close to the outer circumferential surface of the fan a tongue section 102 is provided having the same cross section (which plays a role of dividing the suction side and discharge side) in an overall area in the direction of the shaft of the fan. Incidentally, 104 represents a discharge opening. 
     In this case, the discharge flow rate at both ends 104a of the fan shown in FIG. 7 is less than that of the middle section 104b of the same fan. There is a possibility of generating a reverse suction flow depending on the shape of the tongue section 102, causing instability in the discharge flow rate of the fan. Furthermore, if a load 105 such as a heat exchanger is provided on the suction side of the fan, there is a possibility to easily generate surging of the discharged air flow particularly in the low air volume range. 
     In order to solve the above mentioned problems, there has been an attempt to stabilize the discharged air flow at both ends 104a of the fan by providing from the side plate a protruding portion (projection) 108 as shown by oblique lines on both ends 104a of the discharge opening. By using this method, the discharge flow rate of both ends 104a of the fan increases, making it difficult for surging to occur. However, depending on the position where this projection 108 is to be provided or the shape thereof, detailed experiments become necessary and there was a possibility of reduced discharge flow rate in some cases. 
     Example 3 of the Conventional Cross Flow Fan 
     As shown in FIG. 15, the conventional fan is provided with a suction opening 202 for taking in the open air at the front of the casing 201, a discharge opening 203 is provided thereunder, and a fan 204 is freely rotatably on a portion surrounded by a partition board 205 and a rear guider 201&#39; in the air duct connected to the blow off opening 203 from the aforementioned suction opening 202. 
     The partition board 205 provided between the aforementioned suction opening 202 and the discharge opening 203 is intended to eliminate the short-circuit flow between the two openings and a blind patch is used for this purpose. 
     In addition, in the above example of the conventional cross flow fan, when the fan 204 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow, the air flow &#34;a&#34; is generated and sent out from the discharge opening 203. In this case, eccentric eddy &#34;b&#34; having its center inside the fan is generated in a portion where the partition board 205 close to each and the fan 204 are close each to the other, so that turbulent flow &#34;c&#34; is generated to flow around the eccentric eddy &#34;b&#34; and to cause pulsating current to be generated in the discharge air flow or to reduce the discharge air volume. 
     The magnitude and position of the eddy of accessory current generated secondarily depend on the shape and installed position of the partition board 205 and the number of revolutions of the fan and other factors. In order to maintain these factors under stabilized conditions, the eccentric eddy is stabilized at a fixed position by adjusting the number of revolutions of the fan so that the discharged air flow without pulsation can be obtained. 
     In such a case as above, it was extremely difficult to find an optimum shape and position for the partition board 205 according to the number of revolutions of the fan 204 and the load on the suction side. 
     Example 4 of the Conventional Cross Flow Fan 
     As shown in FIG. 18(a) and FIG. 18(b), in the construction of the cross flow fan used conventionally for air conditioners and the like, an air flow direction control blade 305a is provided at the discharge opening formed between the rear guide 302 enclosing the fan 301 and the stabilizer 303 of the front panel 304. The control blade 305a is flat board like blade which does not curve in either direction. When an upward air discharge flow is desired, the air flow direction control blade 305a is maintained almost horizontally as shown in FIG. 18(a). Therefore, because a large space is formed between the inward upper surface of the air flow direction control blade 305a and the upward piece 303&#39; in this case, the air flow &#34;b&#34; such as cold air or hot air is obtained from the discharge opening between the lower surface of the air flow direction control blade 305a and the extended upper surface of the rear guide 302 while the eddy like air flow &#34;a&#34; is being generated in this space. In addition, when downward air flow is desired and the aforementioned air flow direction control blade 305a is set vertically as shown in FIG. 18(b), the air flow &#34;b&#39;1&#34; generated above the circumference of the fan 301 collides with the air flow direction control blade 305a almost at a right angle because the air flow direction control blade 305a is flat. The air flow &#34;b&#39;1&#34; is then blown downward by the internal pressure which increases after collision. 
     In this case, as is apparent from the constructions shown in FIG. 18(a) and FIG. 18(b), when the air flow direction control blade 305a is set horizontally, the space formed by the aforementioned air flow direction control blade 305a and the upward pieces 303&#39; of the stabilizer 303 becomes wider causing stagnation. Therefore, there is a possibility that sufficient air volume cannot be obtained at the discharge opening. Furthermore, when the aforementioned air flow direction control blade 305a is set vertically, the air flowing along the rear guide 302 collides with the aforementioned air flow direction control blade 305a almost at a right angle. This collision causes the force for pushing the air flow downward to be diminished, and therefore there is also a possibility in this case that sufficient air volume cannot be obtained and that this arrangement is not effective. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned conventional problem. 
     With respect to the example 1 of the conventional cross flow fan, the cross flow fan according to the present invention is provided with a flow changing board over the entire axial direction above the portion where the rear guider and the outward circumferential surface of the fan are closest to each other. 
     With respect to the example 2 of the conventional cross flow fan, the cross flow fan according to the present invention is composed so that the shape of the tongue section in close vicinity to the outward circumferential surface of the fan is caused to be different at both ends of the fan and at the middle section of the fan. 
     With respect to the example 3 of the conventional cross flow fan, the cross flow fan according to the present invention is provided with a partition board for short-circuiting which has continuous through holes at a position on the outward circumferential surface of the fan where the suction opening and the discharge opening of the air are separated. 
     With respect to the example 4 of the conventional cross flow fan, the cross flow fan according to the present invention is provided with an air flow direction control blade which is curved in one direction and mounted freely pivotably at the discharge opening section formed between the rear guide enveloping the fan and the stabilizer of the front panel. 
     In the first above-described invention, because the air current which flows in without flowing through the fan from the neighboring section of the rear guider and fan is restricted and the air current flowing into the cross flow fan is increased, it is possible to increase the discharged air volume. 
     In the second, above-described invention, by composing the shape of the tongue section in close vicinity to the outward circumferential surface of the fan to be different at the middle section and at both ends of the axial direction of the fan, it is possible to improve the instability of the air flow at both ends of the discharge opening and to increase the flow rate. 
     In the third, above-described invention, the air flow is generated from the suction opening to the discharge opening by rotation of the fan, and by causing a part of the air flow sent out from the discharge opening to flow back from the secondary side to the primary side of the aforementioned partition board by means of the through hole thereof, the position of the eccentric eddy is caused to be fixed by the short-circuit flow. 
     In the fourth, above-described invention, when the direction of the air flow direction control blade is changed, by reducing the corner space formed by the stabilizer and by the curve of the aforementioned air flow direction control blade, a reduction in the air flow stagnation and an increase in the discharge air volume results. 
     As has been described for the first embodiment, according to the present invention, by the flow changing board provided above the portion where the rear guider and outward circumferential surface of the fan are closest to each other, it is possible to increase the air flow which flows through the cross flow fan and to provide an excellent effect for increasing the discharged air volume. 
     As have been described for the second embodiment, according to the present invention, it is possible to increase the discharge flow rate at both ends of the fan and to also achieve stabilization of the discharged air flow at these ends of the fan. In addition, considerable effect is achieved to improve, for example, the overall instability of the discharged air flow in the low air volume range when a load such as a heat exchanger is provided on the suction side of the fan. 
     The third embodiment is an invention of high practical value, which has an excellent effect such as for example, to stabilize the eccentric eddy at a fixed position without being moved by factors such as changes in the number of revolutions and the fluctuation of the load at the suction opening of the fan and to cause the discharged air volume to increase by means of a simple construction because the cross flow fan of the present invention is composed in a manner as described above. 
     Because the fourth embodiment is composed in a manner as described above, by using a air flow direction control blade of simple construction, it is possible to reduce the eddy current and to discharge the air at high efficiency when the aforementioned air flow direction control blade is held horizontally. 
     In addition, when the air flow direction control blade is set vertically, the cross flow fan of the present invention is capable of reducing the resistance of the air flow at the discharge section so as to achieve efficient air blowing and to reduce the thickness of the cross flow fan because of simple construction. 
     Further scope of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description given hereinafter. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The present invention will become more fully understood from the detailed description given hereinunder and the accompanying drawings which are given by way of illustration only, and thus are not limitative of the present invention and wherein: 
     FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a cross flow type fan showing an embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 is a detailed diagram of the essential components of FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing experimental results wherein the cross flow type fan shown in FIG. 2 is used; 
     FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a conventional cross flow type fan; 
     FIG. 5(1), 5(2) and FIG. 5(3) are diagrams showing the shape of the tongue section in an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5(1) shows the shape of the tongue section in the middle section in the axial direction of the fan and FIG. 5(2) shows the shape of the tongue section at both ends in the axial direction of the fan; FIG. 5(3) shows a perspective view of the tongue; 
     FIG. 6 is a cross sectional structural diagram of the cross flow type fan for a conventional air conditioner; 
     FIG. 7 is a perspective diagram showing the discharge opening section of an air conditioner; 
     FIG. 8 is a diagram showing experimental results of the static pressure distribution of the discharged air flow in case when the tongue section of FIG. 5(1) and FIG. 5(2) are used; 
     FIG. 9 is a diagram for comparing the wind velocity distribution in the axial direction of the fan between a case wherein the tongue section according to the present invention is used and a case wherein the conventional tongue section is used; 
     FIG. 10(1) and FIG. 10(2) are diagrams respectively showing the shape of the tongue section at the middle section and at both ends in the axial direction of the fan in an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 10(3) and FIG. 10(4) show the perspective view of the various shape of the tongues. 
     FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the vertical side of the apparatus according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 12(a) and FIG. 12(b) are enlarged perspective diagrams respectively of essential components; 
     FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the vertical side of an apparatus for testing; 
     FIG. 14 is a diagram for comparing the performance between the apparatus of the present invention and the conventional apparatus; and 
     FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the vertical side showing the conventional apparatus. 
     FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional diagram of the air flow direction control blade of the present invention; 
     FIG. 17(a) is a longitudinal sectional diagram showing an example of usage of the air flow direction control blade of another embodiment; 
     FIG. 17(b) is a longitudinal sectional diagram showing the operation of the blade of the embodiment of FIG. 17; 
     FIG. 18(a) is a longitudinal sectional diagram of the conventional apparatus; and 
     FIG. 18(b) is a longitudinal sectional diagram showing the operation of the conventional apparatus. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     The first invention is accomplished in order to solve the problems set forth above for example 1 of the conventional cross flow fan and will hereafter be described with reference to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1. The same symbols in FIG. 1 as those used in FIG. 4 denote the same contents and therefore the descriptions thereof will now be omitted. That is to say, in this embodiment, a flow changing board 10 is provided over the entire axial direction of the fan above the portion 7 where the rear guider 6 and the outward circumferential surface of the fan are closest to each other. 
     By providing the construction of above, the air current which flows in without flowing through the cross flow fan from the part 7 is restricted as shown by the streamline 8&#39; and the air current flowing into the cross flow fan 4 increases. Therefore, it becomes possible to increase the discharged air volume. 
     The cross flow fan 4 is rotated to suck the air into the body 1 from the suction opening 1. The air sucked into the body 1 gives and receives heat energy with the heat medium in the heat exchanger 5 while the air passes through the heat exchanger 5 and the air is further subjected to the driving action of the cross flow fan 4 to be discharged from the discharge opening 2. While the air is being discharged, the air current 8&#39; flowing along the rear guider 6 in the casing collides with the flow changing board 10 to move toward the center of the casing, and then flows through the cross flow fan 4. 
     FIG. 2 is a detailed diagram of the cross flow type fan shown in FIG. 1 which is used to confirm the effect of the above embodiment through experiments and is provided with a flow changing board 10 having a width of 15 mm with respect to the diameter of 70 mm of the cross flow fan 4. 
     FIG. 3 shows and example of the test results illustrating a relation between the number of revolutions and the air volume. 
     FIG. 3, the effect of this embodiment is shown as an increase in the air volume of about 1 m 3  /min for the same number of revolutions. 
     According to the present invention as described above, it is possible to increase the discharged air volume of a cross flow type fan by means of an extremely simple construction, and the industrial effect thereof is very large. 
     For the shape of the tongue section of the example 2 of the conventional cross flow fan, the one shown in FIG. 5(1) is common and is designed so as to obtain high air volume. As compared with the shape of the tongue section of FIG. 5(1), FIG. 5(2) shows the shape of the tongue section whose space with the outward circumferential surface of the fan is widened by tilting (107&#39;) the portion of the tongue section (tip of the tongue section) 107 in close vicinity of the outward circumferential surface of the fan so as to move away from the outward circumferential surface of the fan than the portion 107 shown in FIG. 5(1). 
     With regard to the shape of the tongue section shown in FIG. 5(1) and FIG. 5(2) respectively, FIG. 8 shows a comparison of experimental results for the static pressure distribution at the discharge opening 4. From the results shown in FIG. 8, it is known that the shape of the tongue section shown in FIG. 5(2) has higher static pressure distribution than that shown in FIG. 5(1). 
     In the second invention, the shape of the tongue section shown in FIG. 5(2) is provided at both ends 104a of the fan, the entire tongue section is composed in the middle section 104b by using the shape of the tongue section shown in FIG. 5(1), and by increasing the static pressure of the discharged air flow at both ends 104a of the discharge opening higher than that at the middle section 104b, the pressure characteristic of the discharged air flow at both ends 104a is improved so as to obtain better stability. 
     FIG. 9 is a diagram in which the wind velocity distribution of the discharged air flow in the axial direction of the fan is compared between the case where the tongue section according to the present invention is used and the case of the tongue section of the conventional cross flow fan, and it is known that the flow rate at both ends 104a of the present invention is increased. 
     As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the instability of the air flow at both ends 104a of the discharge opening which has conventionally been a problem. In addition, a considerable improvement for example, in the overall instability of the discharged air flow in the low air volume range is obtained when a load such as a heat exchanger is provided on the suction side of the fan. 
     As a transformed embodiment of the present invention, in the case of the circular arc tongue section as shown in FIG. 10(1), the same effect can be obtained by providing at both ends 104a the tongue section which is tilted in the shape 108&#39; so as to move the tip 108 of the tongue section shown in FIG. 10(1) from the outward circumferential surface of the fan as shown in FIG. 10(2). 
     The third invention will be described in detail by the embodiment shown in FIG. 11. The suction opening 202 for taking in the open air is provided at the front section of the casing 201 of the fan as shown in FIG. 11, the discharge opening 203 is formed thereunder, the fan 204 is freely rotatably at a portion surrounded by the lower edge 202&#39; of the suction opening and the rear guider 201&#39; in the air duct connected from the aforementioned suction opening 202 to the discharge opening 203. In the corner section between the aforementioned fan 204 and the aforementioned lower edge 202&#39; of the suction opening and on the aforementioned lower edge 202&#39; of the suction opening, the partition board 205a is formed with continuous through holes 206a, 206a . . . comprising one or a plurality of slots is which are fixed as shown in FIG. 12(a). The short circuit flow is, therefore, caused to be generated between the suction side, that is the primary side and the discharge opening, that is, the secondary side. 
     Furthermore, the aforementioned continuous through holes 206a, 206b . . . are provided on the plane 207 formed on the partition board 205a so as to intersect almost at a right angle with the outward circumferential surface of the fan 204. In addition to the aforementioned continuous through hole 206a, circular continuous through holes 206b, 206b, . . . may be drilled as shown in FIG. 12(b). 
     The operation of the aforementioned fan will be described. 
     When the fan 204 is rotated in the direction of the arrow, the air current &#34;a&#34; sucked in from the suction opening 202 is blown off from the discharge opening 203 as the air current &#34;a&#34;. And, by the rotation of the fan 204, the eccentric eddy &#34;b&#34; is generated by the influence of the intersecting section formed by the aforementioned partition board 205a and the aforementioned fan 204. While the eccentric eddy &#34;b&#34; is being generated, the outer layer thereof collides with the plane 207 of the partition board 205a and tries to flow outward through the discharge opening 203, but because of the existence of the aforementioned continuous through hole 206a or 206b, a part of the air current on the secondary side blows back to the primary side to form the stabilized short circuit flow &#34;d&#34;. Because the eccentric eddy &#34;b&#34; is retained at a fixed position by the stabilized short circuit flow &#34;d&#34; formed in the primary side, the influence upon the main air current &#34;a&#34; by the fluctuation of the aforementioned eccentric eddy will be eliminated. 
     FIG. 14 (where A represents the case of FIG. 13 and B the case of FIG. 15) shows that characteristics of the number of revolutions versus the air volume of the fan 204 of the cross flow fan used for testing shown in FIG. 13, in which the diameter of the continuous through hole 206b is φ1=4 mm, the distance between the fan 204 and the inner edge of the partition board 205b is L 2  =7 mm, the diameter of the aforementioned fan 204 is φ2=70 mm, and the distance between the fan 204 and the rear guider 201&#39; is L 1  =4 mm. In the case of the present invention, however, as compared with the conventional cross flow fan, more discharged air volume is obtained per the same number of revolutions by about 0.5 m 3  /min, and further a stabilized proportional characteristic is demonstrated with respect to the number of revolutions of the fan. 
     In the above, the length of the continuous hole 206a or the diameter and the number and other factors of the circular continuous hole 206b are not limitative of the above embodiment. 
     With respect to the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 17, a discharge opening such as, for example, for warm or cool air is formed between the rear guide 302 surrounding the fan 301 and the stabilizer 303 of the front panel 304, and between the stabilizer and the frontal section 302&#39; of the rear guide 302 the air flow direction control blade 305. One end section 305&#39; of the blade 305 is curved upwardly (15&#39; in this case) and the blade 305 is installed to be held horizontally or vertically. 
     That is to say, the most essential point of the present invention is that when the air flow direction control blade 305 is held horizontally, the direction of the curve and inclination of the blade 305 is such that the tip 305&#39; thereof is caused to curve on the circumference of the fan 301 in a direction directly facing the rotational direction of the fan 301 and that when the end section 305&#39; of the air flow direction control blade 305 is held vertically, the other end section is composed to curve inward from the outer surface of the front panel 304 so as to extend toward the direction of the stabilizer 303. 
     Now, the operation of the air flow direction control blade of the present invention according to the above construction will be described. When the air flow direction is to be directed upward, because the end section 305&#39; of the air flow direction control blade 305 and a part of the corner of the upward piece 303&#39; of the stabilized 303 is reduced by the curve of the end section 305&#39; and the air current stagnation is reduced as a result of setting the air flow direction control blade 305 horizontally as shown in FIG. 18(a), the scale of the eddy current &#34;a&#34; caused by the stagnation is reduced and it becomes possible to obtain sufficient air current &#34;b&#34; from the discharge opening formed between the air flow direction control blade 305 and the tip section 302&#39; of the rear guide 302. 
     Furthermore, when the air flow direction is to be directed downward, by directing vertically the end section 305&#39; of the air flow direction control blade 305 as shown in FIG. 17(b), the air current &#34;b 1  &#34; generated by the fan 301 blows strongly along the tip section 302&#39; of the rear guide 302 and the upper part of the air flow direction control blade 305 is inclined inwardly from the front surface of the front panel 304. Therefore, because the end section 305&#39; of the air flow direction control blade 305 does not intersects with the air current &#34;b 1  &#34; at a right angle and becomes inclined toward the direction of the discharge opening, thereby reducing the flow resistance and the scale of the eddy current &#34;a 1  &#34;. 
     The present invention is designed to smooth the air current in a manner as described above by providing a curve at the tip of the air flow direction control blade and to prevent stagnation of the air flow. 
     While only certain embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as claimed.