Abstract:
A white balance control for a video camera compensates for a large change in brightness level, color of an object and photographic conditions by controlling the timing of output control signals for controlling gains of amplifiers to control white balance and changing the signal processing of a picture image in accordance with a percentage of white color shared in the picture image.

Description:
This application is a divisional of application Ser. No. 08/662,511, filed on Jun. 13, 1996 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,181,374 which in turn a CPA was filed on Jul. 7, 1998 and also on Nov. 29, 1999, and which is a divisional of application Ser. No. 08/216,850 filed Mar. 24, 1994 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,589,879. The entire contents of each of the above-identified applications are hereby incorporated by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to an automatic white balance control device and a video camera with the automatic white balance control device, particularly to an automatic white balance control device and a video camera with a white balance control device which can be controlled at high speed, change white balance control modes corresponding to photograph conditions and operate white balance control stably at a moment when actual recording is started. 
     In a production operation of an automatic white balance control device for a video camera, in the case that a color temperature is detected from an output signal of an image pick-up elements of a charge coupled device (CCD) and so on, a control signal is detected from a color temperature detecting signal and then gains of amplifiers for controlling white balance control is controlled by feed forward control, control error of white balance caused by dispersion of image pick-up elements, gap of color temperatures between a reference illuminating light memorized in a production operation and natural sunshine or actual illuminating light of various fluorescent lamps can be reduced. 
     In an automatic white control device according to the present invention, while an iris is moved to open at high speed, a certain value of a white balance control signal can be detected. 
     PRIOR ART 
     In a conventional video camera, white balance is controlled in order to obtain a white reproduced picture image when an white object is photographed. In a white balance control operation, gains of a red singal and a blue signal of the video camera are controlled with reference to a green signal. 
     In an automatic white balance control circuit in a type of integrating picture image, white balance is controlled in a condition that integrated color signal elements of whole pick-up image would become achromatic color. 
     In the automatic white balance control circuit in the type of integrating picture image, color signal elements are integrated. There are two types depending on integrating processes. One type is to integrate color signals of a whole picture image totally and another type is to integrate color signals of each divided areas of a picture image. 
     The type of separately integrating color signals of each area of a picture image will be described with reference to FIG.  1 . As shown in FIG. 1, a picture image is divided to a plurality of areas (sections). Usually, each areas are numbered from a 1  to a 20  in order, for instance. Actually, number of divided areas are very much. However, to explain an operation of the invention simply, the number of the divided areas is designed twenty in FIG.  1 . During the first vertical scanning period (herein after it is referred as “V term”), a signal element of an area a 1  is integrated and an integrated value i 1  is obtained. During the second V term, a signal element of an area a 2  is integrated and an integrating value i 2  is obtained. Likewise, each areas, areas a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , . . . are successively scanned for every V term in order. Finally, an integrated value i 20  of an area a 20  can be obtained in the 20th V term. Among the integrated values i 1  through i 20 , the integrated values which means white data are selected. A color temperature of an object is detected based on selected data (integrated values) Thus, white balance is controlled. In the above process, areas of which integrated values mean white data are only selected among the whole of areas. The type of separately integrating color signals is superior to the type of totally integrating color signals in view of accuracy. 
     In an integrated circuit (IC) utilized in a conventional commercially produced video camera, integrating calculation is operated only one time for each V term. In automatic white balance control in the type of separately integrating color signals, it has to wait for a period (V term×number of divided areas) to control white balance once time. Therefore, if color temperature would be changed rapidly, white balance control can not respond to such a change. On the other hand, in the type of totally integrating color signals, a data calculation for white balance control can be operated within one V term. 
     In a conventional automatic white balance control device for a video camera, there are two kinds depending on control operations. One is a feed back control type and another is a feed forward type. 
     In an automatic white balance control device of the feed back control type, gains of white balance control amplifiers are controlled to equalize a color temperature detected signal output from an image pick-up element such as a charge coupled device (CCD) and a reference signal. If a controllable range is wide, dispersion of image pick-up elements, i.e. CCD, is baneful influenced to a control result. 
     In an automatic white balance control device of the feed forward control type, color elements output from an image pick-up element such as a charge coupled device (CCD) are divided into each element color signals and detected values for each elementary color signal R, G, B are integrated for every one field. Further, ratios R/B and B/G are calculated and control values Rcont and Bcont are determined by the detected ratios R/B and B/G, respectively. Thus, gains of white balance control amplifiers can be controlled. Usually, illuminating light having color temperature 3200K is utilized as a reference illuminating light. A desired reference illuminating light having an optional color temperature can be obtained by using a color temperature convert filter with the reference illuminating light in order to approximate light of sunshine, an indoor fluorescent lamp and an incandescent lamp, so that a color temperature detecting region for judging an actual light source and a color temperature control region for selecting proper control values Rcont and Bcont corresponding to the actual light source (described after) can be determined. 
     However, in the feed forward control operation, characteristic of image pick-up elements such as a charge coupled device, for example, dispersion of integral color filters, is influenced to a dispersion of detected values. Such a dispersion of detected values is baneful influenced to white balance control. The desired illuminating light does not always match real sunshine and real indoor fluorescent illumination light. Therefore, when an object is photographed under sunshine or fulorescent lamp, a color temperature detecting region and a color temperature control region become wrong in some cases. 
     To resolve the above problem, in a conventional method, a color signal photographed at an optional temperature is divided by a color signal photographed under a reference illuminating light as a reference value. However, in the conventional method, dispertion caused by image pick-up elements can not be sufficiently reduced. 
     As a compact and portable video camera integrated with a video tape recorder (herein after it is referred as “video camera”), it has been developed a video camera as shown in FIG.  2 . As shown in FIG. 2, an outer packaging case  02  of the video camera  01  has a flat thin wall along a direction from the front to the rear of a camera body (arrows A, B in FIG. 2) and a generally rectangular parallelpiped shape. A photographing lens  03  and an optical view finder  04  are mounted at an upper portion of the outer packaging case  02 . A stereo microphone  05  is mounted on a top portion of the outer packaging case  02 . Numerals  06 ,  07  and  08  and  09  indicates a video tape recorder deck, a side grip portion, a photograph button and a telescope/wide switch button, respectively. 
     In the video camera  01  as shown in FIG. 2, an optical view finder  04  is utilized instead of an electronic view finder, so that an operator can find an object or a sight through the optical view finder  04  even if an electric power is turned off. For such a video camera  01 , a power save mode can be designed to an integrated circuit. 
     In the video camera  01  with a power save mode program, even if a power switch is shifted to ON and the photograph button  08  is not actuated, electric power is supplied to a part of mechanical portion and a microcomputor. However electric power is not supplied to a computing mechanism part of the microcomputer and a circuit of a photographing mechanism part so that electric energy can be saved. During such a power save mode is operated, a rotational drum can be rotated and a mechanism part of the microcomputer for detecting sensor signals and ON/OFF conditions of the photograph button  08  is operable. However, electric power is not supplied to a charge coupled device (CCD), an integrated circuit for processing image signal and the computing mechanism part of the microcomputor and the iris is closed. In the condition that the power save mode is operated, a sight or an object can be seen through the optical view finder  04  by an operator. 
     While a power switch is shifted to ON and the photograph button  08  is being pushed, the power save mode is released and electric power is supplied to a whole mechanical and electric mechanism parts and a picture image is output from the charge coupled device. If the photograph button  08  is being pushed continuatively after the power save mode released, the iris is moved to open at high speed until an exposure value becomes a proper level. Then, recording is actually started at a moment (for example, 0.50 second) after pushing the photograph button  08 . A reason why the start timing of actual recording is delayed from the moment of pushing the photograph button  08  is considered to a delay of a mechanical action. 
     If recording is actually started, it is preferable to have a stable exposure value from an initial stage. Therefore, in a period I from pushing the photograph button  08  until actually recording (see FIG.  3 ), white balance control is calculated by picking up a picture image signal, values of white balance control singals are detected, the detected value are converged to some proper values (just computing without actual white balance control operation), and then computed white balance control signals are output at an initial stage of actual recording in order to control white balance. After the period I, that is, the open degree of the iris becomes stable, recording is started in the period II. However, regarding the period I for computing the values of the white balance control signals, it has to be paid attention that the period I is very short and an open degree of the iris is remarkably changed, that is, a brightness level is rapidly changed. 
     Generally, in the case of controlling white balance control, color difference signals R−Y and B−Y are utilized for detecting signals. If the color difference signals R−Y and B−Y are used as the detecting signals, as shown in FIG. 4, brightness (brightness level) becomes an important factor. If the brightness level is increased, the levels of the color difference signals are increased. In FIG. 4, white small blocks indicate a color difference signal B−Y and black small blocks indicate a color difference signal R−Y. Therefore, even if the same object is photographed, values of the white balance control signals are different caused by increasing color saturation simultaneously with increasing brightness level. Within the time period I (see FIG.  3 ), an open degree of an iris is changed and brightness level is rapidly increased. In addition, an iris meter is actuated at high speed, hunting is apt to occur and brightness level is unstable in the condition. Even if white balance control is computed based on the color signals R−Y and B−Y as detecting signals, the white balance control can not be operated accurately. 
     In a conventional white balance control, a period of the white balance control is long for some reasons why a color temperature would not be changed so much for photographing at the same place and it is not suitable to change the brightness level of a recorded picture image rapidly. For example, the white balance is controlled once for every 20 through 30 fields. However, the above described period I is very short so that a conventional slow computing method can not be utilized sufficiently. 
     A main purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic white balance control device and a video camera with an automatic white balance control device and a manufacturing method therefor to resolve the above described problem. 
     Particularly, an automatic white balance device according to the present invention of which a control period is shortened and a follow-up characteristic is improved in a type of separately integrating. 
     The different automatic white balance control device according to the present invention is capable of automatically switching a mode for separately integrating with high accuracy and a mode for totally integrating with high processing speed corresponding to photographing conditions. 
     Further, the different video camera according to the present invention with a power save mode operation is capable of accurately controlling automatic white balance from a moment when actual recording is started. 
     Further, another purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic white balance control device for accurately computing white balance control at high processing speed even if a brightness level is rapidly changed. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     A first feature of the present invention is to divide a picture image into two groups and control white balance at a moment when signal process is finished in each groups. 
     A second feature of the present invention is to switch a mode for separately integrating a pick-up picture image at high accuracy and a mode for totally integrating a pick-up picture image at high process speed corresponding to a color temperature of an object. 
     A third feature of the present invention is to control white balance at high speed during a predetermined period starting from pushing a recording button and control white balance at low speed after passing over a predetermined period. 
     A fourth feature of the present invention is to design a plurality of reference illuminating lights having different color temperatures. Signals are calculated based these reference illuminating lights. A gap between the maximum calculated value and the minimum calculated value is recognized as a reference amount (for example, 100%). A gap between a detected value and a control value of a color signal having an optional color temperature is computed as a ratio such as a percentage with respect to the reference amount and the ratios are memorized. A color temperature detecting region and a color temperature control region of an automatic white balance device of each video camera is adjusted in accordance with the above ratio. Thereby, the dispersion of the detecting parts and an error of a feed forward control approximates by the reference illuminating light can be sufficiently reduced. 
     A fifth feature of the present invention is to compute white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont based on integrated ratios IR/IG, IB/IG, respectively for every one field or every several fields in a predetermined period (pushing a photograph button˜actual recording starting) so that certain values of the white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont are obtained although an open degree of an iris is rapidly increasing. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The present invention will become more fully understood front he detailed description given hereinbelow and the accompanying drawings which are given by way of illustration only, and thus are not limitative of the present invention and wherein: 
     FIG. 1 shows one example of areas divided of a picture image; 
     FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a video camera; 
     FIG. 3 shows a relation between a time period after pushing a photograph button and an iris open degree operated in one of the embodiments according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 4 shows a relation between levels of color-difference signals and levels of a brightness signal; 
     FIG. 5 shows a circuit of photographing system utilized for the first embodiment of a video camera according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 6 shows a relation between a black body radiation approximate curvature and an automatic white balance follow-up region; 
     FIG. 7 is a flow chart of an operation to pick up area data with high process speed; 
     FIG. 8A shows an operation to pick up area data in the first pattern and FIG. 8B shows one of examples of selected areas in the first pattern; 
     FIG. 9 shows an operation to pick up area data in the second pattern and FIG. 9B shows one of examples of selected areas in the second pattern; 
     FIG. 10 is a flow chart of an operation for switching a total integrating mode and a separate integrating mode. 
     FIG. 11 is one of example showing white areas which are judges as white in a picture image; 
     FIG. 12 is another one of examples showing white areas which are judged as white; 
     FIG. 13 shows a circuit of photographing system utilized for the second embodiment of a video camera according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 14 shows a flow chart for a basic control operation of a microcomputer in the second embodiment; 
     FIG. 15 shows a flow chart for determining a gap between an approximate color temperature line and an actual sunshine value in the second embodiment; 
     FIG. 16 shows a flow chart for determining a color temperature detecting region with respect to sunshine in the second embodiment; 
     FIG. 17 shows a color temperature detecting region with respect to sunshine in the second embodiment; 
     FIG. 18 shows a circuit of photographing system utilized for the third embodiment of a video camera according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 19 shows a flow chart for determining a gap between an approximate color temperature line and an actual sunshine value in the third embodiment; 
     FIG. 20 shows a flow chart for determining a color temperature detecting region with respect to sunshine in the third embodiment; 
     FIG. 21 shows a color temperature detecting region with respect to sunshine in the third embodiment; 
     FIG. 22 shows a circuit of photographing system utilized for the fourth embodiment of a video camera according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 23 shows a flow chart for determining a gap between an approximate color temperature line and an actual fluorescent lamp value in the fourth embodiment; 
     FIG. 24 shows a flow chart for determining a color temperature detecting region with respect to a fluorescent lamp in the fourth embodiment; 
     FIG. 25 shows a color temperature detecting region with respect to a fluorescent lamp in the fourth embodiment; 
     FIG. 26 shows a circuit of photographing system utilized for the fifth embodiment of a video camera according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 27 shows a flow chart for determining a gap between an approximate color temperature line and an actual fluorescent lamp value in the fifth embodiment; 
     FIG. 28 shows a flow chart for determining a color temperature detecting region with respect to a fluorescent lamp in the fifth embodiment; 
     FIG. 29 shows a color temperature detecting region with respect to a fluorescent lamp in the fifth embodiment; 
     FIG. 30 shows a circuit of photographing system utilized for the sixth embodiment of a video camera with an automatic white balance control device according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 31 shows a characteristic of a relation between R/B ratio and B/G ratio and a brightness level in the sixth embodiment; and 
     FIG. 32 shows a relation between a time period after pushing a photograph button and an iris open degree operated in the sixth embodiment according to the present invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     With reference to the drawings, the embodiments of the present invention will be described. 
     FIG. 5 shows a circuit of a photograph system of a video camera of the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, a picture image is pick up by a lens  1  and the picture image is formed on a light receiving surface of a charge coupled device (CCD)  3 . A photograph signal S is output from the charge coupled device  3 . The photograph signal S is sample/hold processed and gain controlled in a sample/hold and automatic gain control circuit  5 . Further, the photograph signal S is converted to a digital signal by an analog/digital convertor  7  and input to a brightness signal process circuit  11  and a color separator circuit  13  in a signal process circuit  9  and a color separator circuit  15 . 
     In the brightness signal process circuit  11 , the photograph signal S is converted to a digital brightness signal DY and the brightness signal DY is output to a digital/analog convertor  17 . In the digital/analog convertor  17 , the brightness signal DY is converted to a brightness signal Y and the brightness signal Y is output. In the color separator circuit  13 , three element signals R, G and B are pick up by processing the photograph signal S. In a white balance circuit  19 , the three element signals R, G and B are white balance controlled (gain controlled) in accordance with white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont from a control value computing portion  37 . Such white balance controlled three element color signals R, G and B are signal processed by a color signal process circuit  21  and changed to a digital color signal DC. The digital color signal DC is converted to an analog color signal C in a digital/analog convertor  23 . 
     In the color separator circuit  15 , the photograph signal S is processed and a digital brightness signal Y and color combination signal Cr and Cb are output to a picture dividing circuit  25 , an integrator  27  and a microcomputor  29  in order. The microcomputer  29  has a matrix computing portion  31 , a white judgement portion  33 , an average value adding portion  35 , a control value computing portion  37  and a picture division control portion  39 . 
     In the picture dividing circuit  25 , signals Y, Cr and Cb for a whole picture are output in one V term while a total picture command is received from the picture division control portion  39 . On the other hand, signals Y, Cr and Cb for each divided areas are output in every one V term while a picture division command is received. In the integrator  27 , the signals Y, Cr and Cb are integrated and a brightness integrated value IY integrated by the brightness signal Y and color combination integrated values ICr, ICb integrated by the color combination signals Cr and Cb, respectively are output to the martix computing portion  31 . 
     In the matrix computing portion  31  of the microcomputor  29 , integrated values IY, ICr and ICb are matrix processed. A green integrated value IG, a red integrated value IR and a blue integrated value IG are detected from the integrated values IY, ICr and ICb, respectively. In accordance with integrated values IG, IR, IB of three elementary color signals, ratios IR/IG and IB/IG are detected. 
     The white judgement portion  33  decides whether divided areas from where a picture image is pick up are white or not judging from the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG. As shown in FIG. 6, the white judgement portion  33  designs a black body radiation approximate curvature CBL and an automatic white balance follow-up region Al. A photograph signal S is obtained by photographing a white object under light sources having different color temperatures. The ratios IR/IG and IB/IG are detected from the values of each element color signals R, G and B of the photograph signal S so that the black body radiation approximate curvature CBL can be designed. The follow-up region Al for controlling white balance properly is provided with some range along the black body radiation approximate curvature CBL as a center line. If the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG are located at a point within the follow-up region A 1 , it is judged that the picture image pick up form the divided area is almostly white. The values of the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG of which the divided areas are judged as white are only input to the average adding portion  35 . 
     The average value adding portion  35  adds only values of the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG of which the divided areas are judged as white and calculates the average values thereof. Averaged values AIR/AIG and AIB/AIG output from the average value adding portion  35  are input to the control value computing portion  37 . The control value computing portion  37  outputs white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont for properly controlling white balance in accordance with the averaged values AIR/AIG and AIB/AIG. A white balance control is operated by utilizing the white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont in the white balance circuit  19 . 
     In the next, it will be described an operation for improving a follow-up characteristic by speeding up a control cycle in case that white balance is controlled in a divided picture integrating mode. As shown in FIG. 5, the picture division control portion  39  of the microcomputer  29  outputs a picture division signal DS for dividing a picture image into a plurality of areas (sections), for example, twenty areas (a 1 ˜a 20 ) to a picture division circuit  25 . A picture division circuit  25  receives a command for alternatively repeating a first pattern for picking up signals from odd number areas, a 1 , a 3 , a 5 , a 7 , a 9 , a 11 , a 13 , a 15 , a 17  and a 19  and a second pattern for picking up signals from even number areas, a 2 , a 4 , a 6 , a 8 , a 10 , a 12 , a 14 , a 16 , a 18  and a 20  for every one field (1 V term). 
     The above operation will be described with reference to a block diagram as shown in FIG. 1, FIG.  5  and FIG.  7 . 
     In the first pattern (steps P 1 , P 2  in FIG.  7 ), signals Y, Cr and Cb corresponding to the area a 1  is output to the picture division circuit  25  and integrated in the first field. The integrated values IY, ICr and ICb are input to the microcomputer  29  through the integrator  27  (step P 3 ). Ratios IR/IG and IB/IG are detected from the integrated values IY, ICr and ICb in the area a 1  by the matrix computing portion  31  (step P 4 ). The white judgement portion  33  judges whether the area a 1  is almostly white or not (steps P 5 , P 6 ). If the white judgment portion  33  judges that the area a 1  is white, the values of the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG are added and averaged in the adding and averaging portion  35  (step P 7 ), respectively. Unless the white judgement portion  33  judges that the area a 1  is white, the values of the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG are not added. 
     In the second field, the signals Y, Cr and Cb corresponding to the area a 3  are processed as similar as the steps P 2  through P 7  in the first field. Similarly, the same processes are continuously repeated for each odd numbered areas a 5 , a 7 , a 9 , a 11 , a 13 , a 15 , a 17  and a 19  for every one field (steps P 2  through P 7 ). After finishing the process for the area a 19  (step P 8 ), all values of the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG of the areas which are judged as white are input into the average value adding circuit  35  fpr calculating average values AIR/AIG and AIB/AIG (step P 9 ). The average values are calculated by adding all values of the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG input into the average value adding portion  35  and divided the total values by number of areas which are judged as white, respectively. That is, the average values AIR/AIG and AIB/AIG are averaged values of the added total ratios IR/IG and IB/IG of which odd number areas are judged as white, respectively. 
     When the average values AIR/AIG and AIB/AIG are obtained, the similar operation is proceeded to the second pattern (step P 10 ). 
     In the control value computing portion  37 , running averages of the last average values AIR/AIG and AIB/AIG obtained in the first pattern and the adding and averaging ratios AIR/AIG and AIB/AIG obtained in the previous second pattern (the second pattern is processed by the same operation of the first pattern with respect to even number areas a 2 , a 4 , . . . a 18  and a 20 ) (step P 11 ). 
     The control value computing portion  37  outputs white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont in accordance with running averages detected in the average value adding portion  35  in order to operate optimum white balance control. After finishing the first pattern, that is, signals in a half of the areas, a 1 , a 3  . . . a 19  are finished to process, white balance can be controlled. A process time becomes the half of the conventional time in which white balance is controlled after processing the all twenty areas so that the white balance can be controlled quickly in order to follow up a rapid color temperature change. 
     FIG. 8A shows a flow chart of an operation in which the first pattern is selected. FIG. 8B shows one of examples of selected areas in the first pattern. 
     If the second pattern is selected (steps P 10 , P 1  and P 22 ), the signals Y, Cr and Cb corresponding to the area a 2  are only output from the picture division circuit  25  in the eleventh field term (the next term after the tenth field term in the first pattern). The integrated values IY, ICr and ICb integrated from the signals Y, Cr and Cb are input to the microcomputor  29 . The ratios IR/IG and IB/IB are detected from the integrated values IY, ICr and ICb in the area a 2  by the matrix computing portion  31  (step P 24 ). The white judgement portion  33  judges whether the area is white (steps P 25  and P 26 ). The only values of the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG of which areas are judged as white are added to the average value adding portion  35  (step P 27 ). The values of the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG of which area are not judged as white are not added. 
     In the twelfth field term, the signals Y, Cr and Cb corresponding to the area a 4  are processed as similar as the above process (steps P 22  through P 27 ). Likewise, in every one field, signals corresponding to even number areas a 6 , a 8 , a 12 , a 14 , a 16 , a 18 , a 20  are processed in order (steps P 22  through  27 ). After processing the signals corresponding to the area a 20  (step P 28 ), average values AIR/AIG and AIB/AIG which are averaged values of the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG of which areas are judged as white in the second pattern are detected (step P 29 ). The average values can be obtained by dividing total values of the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG in the average value adding portion  35  by number of areas judged as white. That is, the average values are averaged values of the ratios IR/IG, IB/IG of the areas judged as white among the areas a 2 , a 4 , . . . a 18 , a 20 , respectively. 
     If the average values AIR/AIG and AIB/AIG are determined in the second pattern, the average values AIR/AIG and AIB/AIG will be calculated again (step P 30 ). 
     The control value computing portion  37  computes running averages of the average values AIR/AIG and AIB/AIG in the pattern  2  and the average values AIR/AIG and AIB/AIG in the last pattern  1  (step P 31 ). 
     The control value computing portion  37  outputs whole balance control signals Rcont and Bcont based on the running average values detected in the step P 31  in order to control white balance properly. At the moment that the second pattern is finished, that is, the process is finished for the half ten areas a 2 , a 4 , . . . , a 18 , a 20  out of twenty areas, white balance can be controlled. Comparing with the process according to the present invention and a conventional process for processing all areas (twenty areas), the process time of the present invention can become half of the process time of the conventional process. The control process becomes quickly so that the white balance can follow up rapid change of a color temperature. 
     FIG. 9A shows a flow chart of an operation in which the second pattern is selected. FIG. 9B shows one of examples of selected areas in the second pattern. 
     As described above, the operation is divided into the first pattern and the second pattern. White balance can be controlled at every time when the process is finished in each pattern. Each areas in the first pattern and each areas in the second pattern are located adjacently as shown in FIG.  8 B and FIG. 9B so that areas adjacent to a detected area can be supposed to be the similar data. Thus, even if the calculation is operated for the data of the half areas of all, the certain white balance control can be operated. 
     With reference to FIG. 5, FIG. 10, FIG.  11  and FIG. 12, it will be described an operation for switching a mode for separately integrating divided picture image and a mode for totally integrating a picture image corresponding to photographing conditions. 
     When the operation is started, a whole picture image command is output from the picture division control portion  39  of the microcomputer  29  to the picture division circuit  25  in order to process in a whole picture integrating mode. A picture image is not divided to a plurality of sections and signals Y, Cr and Cb corresponding to the whole area of a picture are output to the picture division circuit  25  for every one field. Integrated values IY, ICr and ICb are output from the integrator  27  for every one field (step P 41  in FIG.  10 ). Thus, the whole picture integrating mode is operated. 
     In the microcomputer  29 , the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG are calculated by the matrix computing portion  31  and the white judgment portion  33  judges whether an average color for a whole picture image is almost white or not (step P 42 ). If the average color is not judged as white, the operation is returned to the step P 41 . If the average color is judged as almostly white, the control value computing portion  37  outputs the white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont based on the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG obtained by computing signals in the whole area of one picture image (step P 44 ), respectively. White balance is controlled in accordance with the signals Rcont and Bcont in the white balance circuit  19  (step P 45 ). In the case of photometric for a whole picture, the operations are repeated for every one field at high speed so that white balance can be followed up to rapid change of the color temperature. 
     When an average color of a whole area of one picture image is judged as almostly white in the whole photometric mode (steps P 41 , P 42 , P 43 ), the white balance control is operated in the whole picture integrating mode (steps P 44 , P 45 ). Then, the operation is switched to the dividied picture integrating mode (step P 46 ). That is, the picture division command is output from the picture division control portion  39  and the picture division circuit  25  divides a picture image into a plurality of areas, for example, twenty areas a 1  through a 20  (see FIG.  1 ). In every field, signals corresponding to each areas a 1 , a 2 , . . . ,a 18 , a 20  are independently output in order. In the first field term, the signals Y, Cr and Cb corresponding to the area a 1  are output. In the second field term, the signals Y, Cr and Cb entered into the area a 2  are output. Likewise, the signals corresponding to the areas a 3 , a 4 , . . . a 19 , a 20  are repeatedly output for every one field in order. 
     The integrator  27  outputs the integrated values IY, ICr and ICb obtained by integrating signals corresponding to each areas for every one field. The white judgenent portion  33  judges whether areas are white or not in accordance with average values of the signals corresponding to each areas (step P 47 ). If areas are judged as white, the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG are added and averaged in the average value adding portion  35  (steps P 48 , P 49 ). Unless areas are judged as white, the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG are not added. In FIG. 11, white sections mean areas judged as white and the other sections mean areas not judged as white. After finishing the process for the areas a 1  through a 20  (step P 50 ), it is judged whether a percentage of number of areas judged as white is equal or less than 10% with respect to the number of the whole areas (step P 51 ). If the percentage is not equal or less than 10%, the average value adding portion  35  calculates total values of the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG of which areas are judged as white and the average values AIR/AIG and AIB/AIG by dividing the total values by the number of the areas judged as white (step P 52 ). The control value computing portion  37  detects white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont in accordance with the average values AIR/AIG and AIB/AIG (step P 53 ). The white balance control circuit  19  controls white balance responded to the white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont (step P 54 ). Such an operation for integrating divided picture image repeatedly (steps P 46  through P 54 ). 
     In the mode for integrating divided sections of a picture, although a process time (=a period for one field×number of divided sections) is long, the signals corresponding to the areas of which average color is judged as white are only pick up so that white balance can be controlled with high accuracy. 
     In the case that the percentage is equal or less than 10% when the judgement is finished for the areas a 1  through a 20  (step P 51 ) as shown a condition in FIG. 12, the white balance control is intermitted (step P 55 ) and the operation is changed to the whole picture integrating mode. 
     In the first embodiment, in the case of an initial period immediately after pushing a photograph button or recording an object of which an average color is not white, white balance is controlled at high speed in the whole picture integrating mode. On the other hand, in case of recording an object of which an average color is white, white balance is controlled with high accuracy in the divided picture integrating mode. 
     In the case of repeating an operation in the divided picture integrating mode, there are two patterns as shown in FIG.  8 B and FIG.  9 B. The both patterns I, II are alternatively processed in order to control white balance. 
     With reference to FIG.  3  and FIG. 5, it will be described a white balance control device according to the present invention equipped to a video camera with a power save mode. In a video camera with a power save mode, while a battery switch is turned on without pushing a photograph button, electric power is supplied to only a microcomputer  29  in a photograph system but electric power is not supplied to the other parts in order to save electric power. In the power save mode, an iris is closed, electric power is supplied to mechanical parts and a rotational drum is rotating. 
     While the battery switch is turned on with pushing the photograph button, electric power is supplied to the whole parts in the photograph system. As shown in FIG. 3, the iris is moved to open at high speed until an exposure level becomes a proper level. After the exposure value becomes a proper level, recording is actually started. When the recording is started actually, proper white balance has to be controlled immediately. Therefore, the microcomputer  29  calculates white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont at high speed (without outputing the control signals Rcont and Bcont) in a period (for example, 0.50 second) behind pushing a battery switch. After the moment when the recording is started (period II in FIG.  3 ), the white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont are calculated and output. In the period I before starting the recording, the control signals Rcont and Bcont are detected. On the other hand, the values of the white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont become stable in the period II. As the result, the values of the white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont output immediately after starting the recording become proper values in order to control optimum white balance. 
     In the microcomputer  29 , in the period I from pushing the photograph button until starting the recording actually, a whole picture integrating command (picture division control signal) DS is output from the picture division control portion  39  to the picture division circuit  25 . The picture division circuit  25  outputs the signals Y, Cr and Cb of a whole picture for every one field. The whole picture integrating mode is operated in the integrator.  27  and the microcomputer  29  and then the values of the white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont are computed for every one field. Thus, the values are calculated for every one field, the calculation can be finished faster. 
     In the microcomputer  29 , a divided picture integrating command (picture division signal) DS is output from the picture division control portion  39  to the picture division circuit  25  in the period II. The picture division circuit  25  divides a picture image into a plurality of areas, for example, twenty areas a 1  through a 20  (see FIG.  1 ). Signals Y, Cr and Cb corresponding to the ares a 1  through a 20  are output for ever one field in order. The divided picture integrating mode is operated in the integrator  27  and the microcomputer  29  so that white balance control signals for controlling white balance certainly can be calculated and output to the white balance circuit  19  in order to control white balance. 
     In the above description, the whole picture integrating mode is operated in the period I and the divided picture integrating mode is operated in the period II. However, it may be designed that the divided picture integrating mode is operated in the periods I and II, a number of divided areas may be changed to smaller number (for example, four) in the period I and the number may be changed to larger number (for example, twenty) in the period II. 
     The period I may be fixed as a predetermined period after pushing the photograph button. Further, the moment to start recording actually may be designed at a moment after passing over predetermined time from becoming an iris stable. 
     The values of the white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont are calculated at high speed in the period I so that the values of the signals Rcont and Bcont can become stable in the second half of the period I. The first values of the signals Rcont and Bcont in the period II become proper values in order to control white balance properly. 
     As described above, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the first characteristic is able to control white balance at high speed. The second characteristic is to able to control white balance properly corresponding to photograph conditions. The third characteristic is to able to control white balance stably when the recording is just started. 
     With reference to FIG.  13  through FIG. 17, the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. 
     FIG. 13 is the circuit of the photograph system in the video camera according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, a complementary color filter is utilized. As shown in FIG. 13, an optical picture image is formed on a light receiving surface of a charge coupled device  103  with a complementary color filter through a lens  101 . The charge coupled device  103  outputs a photograph signal S. The photograph signal S is sample/hold processed and gain controlled in a sample/hold and automatic gain control (AGC) circuit  105 . Then the signal is converted to a digital signal by an analog/digital convertor  107  and the digital signal is input to a brightness signal process circuit  111  and a color separator circuit  113  in a signal process circuit  109  and a different color separator circuit  115 . 
     The brightness signal process circuit  111  outputs a digital brightness signal DY by processing the signal S. In a digital/analog convertor  117 , the brightness signal DY is converted to an analog brightness signal Y and output. The color separator circuit  113  outputs three elementary color signals R, G and B by processing the signal S. In a white balance control circuit  119 , the three elementary color signals R, G and B are controlled white balance corresponding to white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont. Such white balance controlled elementary color signals R, G and B are processed and converted to a digital color signal DC by a color signal process circuit  121 . The color signal DC is converted to an analog color signal C and output in a digital/analog convertor  123 . 
     In the color separator circuit  115 , the signal S is processed and a digital brightness signal Y, color combination signals Cr, and Cb are output. An integrator  127  and a microcomputer  129  are successively connected to the color separator  115  in order. The microcomputer  129  comprises a first computing portion  131 , a second computing portion  133 , a judging portion  135  for judging color temperature detecting regions, a control value computing portion  137  and a memory portion  139 . 
     A flow chart of a basic operation of the microcomputer  129  is shown in FIG.  14 . The integrator  127  integrates signals Y, Cr and Cb and outputs integrated values IY, ICr and ICB to the first computing portion  131 . In the first computing portion  131 , color signals of each elementary colors R, G, B are output to the second computing portion  133 , In the second computing portion  133 , ratios R/G and B/G are output to the judging portion  135 . The judging portion  135  judges whether these calculated ratios R/G and B/G are belonged to a predetermined color temperature detecting region (including a color temperature detecting axis or color temperature detected points). Control values Rcont and Bcont are calculated based on a color temperature detecting axis which is designed as sunshine in accordance with the ratios R/G and B/G in the computing portion. 
     In addition, the memory portion  139  memorizes an acceptable gap α (%) for the ratio R/B and an acceptable gap β (%) for the ratio B/G with respect to a color temperature detecting axis. The judging portion  135  outputs the ratios R/G and B/G to the control value computing portion  137  by adjusting the color temperature detecting axis under the consider of the acceptable gaps α and β (%), respectively. 
     The acceptable gaps α and β have been determined in accordance with experimental data. FIG. 15 shows a flow chart how acceptable gaps α and β are determined corresponding to sunshine light. For example, a reference lamp having color temperature 3200K is photographed by a video camera in order to obtain the data of the ratios R/G and B/G. In the next, a first color temperature converter filter for 4000K is attached to the reference lamp and the reference lamp with the first color temperature converter filter is photographed by the video camera in order to obtain the data of the ratios R/G and B/G. A second color temperature converter filter for 7500K is attached to the reference lamp and the reference lamp with the second color temperature converter filter is photographed by the video camera in order to obtain the data of the ratios R/G and B/G. By gathering these three kinds of the data, a color temperature detecting axis  141  with respect to sunshine light can be approximated as shown in FIG.  17 . Then, natural sunshine light is photographed in order to obtain the data of the ratios R/G and B/G. Comparing with the both data, gaps between the approximate color temperature of the reference light and the color temperature of natural sunshine are calculated. Such a data pick-up sampling is repeated for some (N) video cameras. Average gaps α and β are calculated for the data pick up from N video cameras. These average gaps α and β are recognized as the differences (100%) between the highest value and the lowest value of the ratios R/G and B/G of the color temperature detecting axis, respectively. 
     The determined gaps α and β (%) are memorized into a memory portion  139  of each video camera in a product operation. 
     FIG. 16 shows a flow chart of an operation for. controlling white balance of each video camera in a product operation. Firstly, it is photographed a reference illuminating lamp of which light having the color temperature 3200K and the ratios R/G and B/G are calculated. The ratios correspond to-a point A (a 1 , b 1 ) in FIG.  17 . The first color temperature converter filter is attached to the reference illuminating lamp. It is photographed the illuminating light with the first color temperature converter filter and the ratios R/G and B/G are calculated. The ratios correspond to a point B (a 2 , b 2 ) in FIG.  17 . Then, the second color temperature converter filter is attached to the reference illuminating lamp. It is photographed the illuminating light with the second color temperature converter filter and the ratios R/G and B/G are calculated. The ratios R/G and B/G correspond to a point C (a 3 , b 3 ) in FIG.  17 . These data are memorized in a memory (not shown) in the microcomputer  129 . In accordance with the memorized data, the judging portion  135  approximates a color temperature detecting axis  141  as shown in a A-B-C line in FIG.  17 . The color temperature detecting axis  141  are slidable within an acceptable region determined by the gaps α and β (%) memorized in the memory portion  139  as shown a B′-C′ line in FIG.  17 . This lin B′-C′ is recognized as the specific color temperature axis  143  corresponding to sunshine in the respective video camera. 
     In FIG. 17, it is assumed that the color temperature converter axis measured under real sunshine is parallel to the approximated color temperature converter axis measured under the reference illuminating lamp. In the case of moving the color temperature converter axis from the line B-C to the line B′-C′, the moved points B′ (a 2 ′, b 2 ′) and C′ (a 3 ′, b 3 ′) are calculated along the following equations: 
     
       
           a   2 ′= a   2 +( a   1 − a   3 )×(α/100) 
       
     
     
       
           b   2 ′= b   2 +( b   3 − b   1 )×(β/100) 
       
     
     
       
           a   3 ′= a   3 +( a   1 − a   3 )×(α/100) 
       
     
     
       
           b   3 ′= b   3 +( b   3 − b   1 )×(β/100) 
       
     
     In the above example, the line B-C and the line B′-C C′ are assumed to be parallel each other. Unless the lines are parallel each other, the points B and C may be moved under the consideration of predetermining the gaps (%) of the ratios R/G and B/G, respectively. The color temperature detecting axis  143  is not only the line B′-C′ as shown in FIG.  17 . It is possible to provide an acceptable width with considering the gaps. If the gaps α and β are determined once for one specific type of a video camera, the gaps may be memorized as the constant numbers in a software for the microcomputer  129  or proper numbers in an electrical erasable programable read only memory (EEPROM). 
     As described above, the differences between the highest values and the lowest values of the ratios R/G and B/G are recognized as 100% for each points A, B and C. Thus, the gaps (%) with respect to sunshine can be predetermined, respectively. Even if a complementary color filter has an respective dispersion, the gaps (%) are constant. The dispersion caused by a charge coupled device and the other reasons can be reduced by adjusting the gaps so that a proper white balance can be controlled. 
     The third embodiment according to the present invention is shown in FIG.  18  through FIG.  21 . FIG. 18 shows a circuit of a photograph system of the third embodiment of the video camera of the present invention. Upon comparing with the second embodiment as shown in FIG.  13  and the third embodiment, a memory section  139 A is added to the microcomputer  129  and a new performance is added to the microcomputer  137  in the third embodiment. The other equipments in the third embodiment are the same to the corresponding equipments in the second embodiment. 
     The microcomputer  129  memorizes the gap γ (%) for the control signal Rcont and the gap δ (%) for the control signal Bcont corresponding to the color temperature control axis as well as a basic operation as shown in FIG.  14 . The computing portion  137  computes the control values Rcont and Bcont by adjusting the color temperature control axis with consideration of the gaps γ and δ (%) and outputs the control values Rcont and Bcont to the white balance control circuit  119 . 
     The acceptable gaps γ and δ are determined in accordance with experimental data of a lot of video cameras. FIG. 19 shows a flow chart how acceptable gaps γ and δ are determined corresponding to sunshine light. For example, a reference lamp having color temperature 3200K is photographed by a video camera in order to obtain the data of the control signals Rcont and Bcont. In the next, a first color temperature converter filter for color temperature 4000K is attached to the reference lamp and the reference lamp with the first color temperature converter filter is photographed by the video camera in order to obtain the data of the control signals Rcont and Bcont. A second color temperature converter filter for color temperature 7500K is attached to the reference lamp and the reference lamp with the second color temperature converter filter is photographed by the video camera in order to obtain the data of the control signals Rcont and Bcont. By gathering three kinds of the data, a color temperature control axis  145  corresponding to sunshine light can be approximated as shown a A-B-C line in FIG.  21 . Then, natural sunshine light is photographed in order to obtain the data of the control signals Rcont and Bcont. Comparing with the both data of natural sunshine and reference illiminating lamp, gaps between the approximate color temperature of the reference light and the color temperature of natural sunshine are calculated. Such a data pick-up operation is repeated for some (N) video cameras. Average gaps γ and δ are determined by inputing the data pick up from N video cameras. These average gaps γ and δ are corresponding to the differences (100%) between the highest value and the lowest value of the control signals Rcont and Bcont of the color temperature control axis. 
     The determined gaps γ and δ (%) are memorized into a memory portion  139 A of each video camera in a producting operation. 
     FIG. 20 shows a flow chart of an operation for controlling white balance of each video camera in a product operation. Firstly, it is photographed a reference illuminating lamp of which the color temperature is 3200K and the the values of the control signals Rcont and Bcont are calculated. The values correspond to a point A (R 1 , B 1 ) in FIG.  21 . The first color temperature converter filter is attached to the reference illuminating lamp. It is photographed the illuminating light with the first color temperature converter filter and the values of the control signals Rcont and Bcont are calculated. The values correspond to a point B (R 2 , B 2 ) in FIG.  21 . Then, the second color temperature converter filter is attached to the reference illuminating lamp. It is photographed the illuminating light with the second color temperature converter filter and the values of the control signals Rcont and Bcont are calculated. The values correspond to a point C (R 3 , B 3 ) in FIG.  21 . These data are memorized in a memory section (not shown) in the microcomputer  129 . In accordance with the memorized data, the computing portion  137  approximates a color temperature control axis  145  as shown a A-B-C line in FIG.  21 . The points of the color temperature control axis  145  are movable to the different points (B′, C′) corresponding to the gaps γ and δ memorized in the memory portion  139 . This axis formed by a line B′-C′ is recognized as the specific color temperature control axis  147  with respect to sunshine in the adjusted video camera. 
     In FIG. 21, it is assumed that the color temperature converter axis measured under real sunshine is parallel to the approximated color temperature converter axis measured under the reference illuminating lamp. In the case of moving the line B-C to the line B′-C′, the moved points B′ (R 2 ′, B 2 ′) and C′ (R 3 ′, B 3 ′) are calculated along the following equations. 
     
       
           R   2 ′= R   2 +( R   3 − R   1 )×(γ/100) 
       
     
     
       
           B   2 ′= B   2 +( B   1 − B   3 )×(δ/100) 
       
     
     
       
           R   3 ′= R   3 +( R   3 − R   1 )×(γ/100) 
       
     
     
       
           B   3 ′= B   3 +( B   1 − B   3 )×(δ/100) 
       
     
     In the above example, the line B-C and the line B′-C′ are assumed to be parallel each other. Unless the lines are parallel, the points B and C may be moved by predetermining the gaps (%) of the values of the control signals Rcont and Bcont, respectively. The color temperature control axis  147  is not limited the line as shown in FIG.  21 . It is possible for the color temperature control axis  147  to provide an acceptable width depending on the gaps. If the gaps γ and δ are determined once for one type of video cameras, the gaps may be memorized as the constant numbers in a software for the microcomputer  129  or memorized proper numbers in an electrical erasable programable read only memory (EEPROM). If the memory can be rewritten, white balance can be individually controlled for each video cameras. 
     As described above, the differences between the highest values and the lowest values of the control signals Rcont and Bcont are recognized as 100% for each points A, B and C, respectively. Thus, the gaps (%) with respect to sunshine is predetermined. Even if a complementary color filter has an individual dispersion, the gaps (%) is constant. The dispersion caused by a charge coupled device and the other devices can be reduced by adjusting the gaps so that white balance can be controlled properly. 
     The fourth embodiment according to the present invention is shown in FIG.  22  through FIG.  25 . FIG. 22 shows a circuit of a photograph system of the fourth embodiment of the video camera of the present invention. Upon comparing with the third embodiment as shown in FIG.  18  and the fourth embodiment, a memory section  139 B is added to the microcomputer  129  and a new performance is added to the microcomputer  129  in the fourth embodiment. The other equipments in the fourth embodiment are the same to the corresponding equipments in the third embodiment. 
     The microcomputer  129  memorizes a gap α′ for the ratio R/G and a gap β′ for the ratio B/G in the color temperature detecting region with respect to the reference fluorescent illuminating lamp in the memory portion  139 B in order to photograph for indoor-use as well as the basic operation as shown in FIG.  14 . The judging portion  135  detects the color temperature ratios R/G and B/G by determining a color temperature detection region with respect to the predetermined illuminating light in accordance with the gaps α′, β′ and outputs the controlled ratios R/G and B/G to the computing portion  137 . 
     The acceptable gaps α′ and β′ are determined in accordance with experimental data of a lot of video cameras. FIG. 23 shows a flow chart how acceptable gaps α′ and β′ are determined with respect to fluorescent illuminating light. For example, a reference lamp of which color temperature is 3200K is photographed by a video camera in order to obtain the data of the ratios R/G and B/G. In the next, a first color temperature converter filter for color temperature 4000K is attached to the reference lamp and the reference lamp with the first color temperature converter filter is photographed by the video camera in order to obtain the data of the ratios R/G and B/G. A second color temperature converter filter for color temperature 7500K is attached to the reference lamp and the reference lamp with the second color temperature converter filter is photographed by the video camera in order to obtain the data of ratios R/G and B/G. By gathering three kind of the data, a color temperature detecting axis  149  with respect to fluorescent light can be approximated as shown the line A-B-C in FIG.  25 . Then, fluorescent light is photographed in order to obtain actual data of the ratios R/G and B/G. Comparing with the both kinds of data, gaps between the approximate color temperature of the reference light and the color temperature of fluorescent light are calculated. Such a data pick-up operation is repeated for some (N) video cameras. Average gaps α′ and β′ are determined by the data from N video cameras. These average gaps α′ and β′ are corresponding to the differences (100%) between the highest value and the lowest value of the ratios R/G and B/G of the color temperature detecting axis. 
     The determined gaps α and β′ (%) are memorized into a memory portion  139 B of each video camera in a producting operation. 
     FIG. 24 shows a flow chart of an operation for controlling white balance of each video camera in a product operation. Firstly, it is photographed a reference. illuminating lamp of which the color temperature is 3200K and the ratios R/G and B/G are measured. The ratios correspond to a point A (a 1 , b 1 ) in FIG.  25 . The first color temperature converter filter is attached to the reference illuminating lamp. It is photographed the illuminating light with the first color temperature converter filter and the ratios R/G and B/G are measured. The ratios correspond to a point B (a 2 , b 2 ) in FIG.  25 . Then, the second color temperature converter filter is attached to the reference illuminating lamp. It is photographed the illuminating light through the second color temperature converter filter and the ratios R/G and B/G are calculated. The ratios correspond to a point C (a 3 , b 3 ) in FIG.  25 . These data are memorized in a memory section (not shown) in the microcomputer  129 . In accordance with the memorized data, the judging portion  135  approximates a color temperature detecting axis  149  as shown a A-B-C line in FIG.  25 . Further, in accordance with the color temperature detecting axis  149  and the gaps α′ and β′ (%) memorized in the memory portion  139 B, color temperature detecting points D, E, F, G and I corresponding to each reference illuminating lights are determined in the video camera. In FIG. 25, points D, B, F, G, H and I indicate a three wavelength daylight fluorescent lamp, a daylight fluorescent lamp, a three wavelength day white fluorescent lamp, a day white fluorescent lamp, a white fluorescent lamp and a halide lamp, respectively. The judging portion  135  judges whether the ratios R/G and B/G detected from the computer portion  133  are corresponding to one of the color temperature detecting points D, E, F, G and I. Thus, the kind of the illuminating light can be detected. Then the corresponding ratios R/G and B/G are output to the computing portion  137 . 
     In FIG. 25, the point D is calculated along the following equation based on the color temperature change axis approximated by reference illuminating lights. 
     
       
         α′=100( a   4 − a   3 )/( a   1 − a   3 ) 
       
     
     
       
         β′=100( b   4 − b   1 )/( b   3 − b   1 ) 
       
     
     
       
           a   4 = a   3 +( a   1 − a   3 )×(α′/100) 
       
     
     
       
           b   4 = b   3 +( b   3 − b   1 )×(β′/100) 
       
     
     In the above example, a color temperature detecting region is not limited the region as shown in FIG.  25 . It is possible to provide an acceptable width  51  with considering the gaps. However, an acceptable width of one detecting point is not overlapped with that of adjacent detecting point. On the other hand, a detecting point may not have a width at an initial stage. Unless a kind of illuminating light can be detected, the detecting point may have a width. If the gaps α′ and β′ are determined once for one type of video cameras, the gaps may be memorized as the constant numbers in a software for the microcomputer  129  or memorized proper numbers in an electrical erasable programable read only memory (EEPROM). If the gaps can be changeable, video cameras can be controlled white balance individually. 
     As described above, the differences between the highest values and the lowest values of the ratios R/G and B/G are recognized as 100% for each points A, B and C. The gaps (%) with respect to a fluorescent lamp and the other lamps are predetermined, respectively. Even if each complementary color filters of a charge coupled device have an individual dispersion, the gaps (%) is constant. The dispersion caused by a charge coupled device and the other device can be reduced by adjusting the gaps so that a feed forward type white balance can be controlled properly. 
     The fifth embodiment according to the present invention is shown in FIG.  26  through FIG.  29 . FIG. 26 shows a circuit of a photograph system of the fifth embodiment of the video camera of the present invention. Upon comparing with the fourth embodiment as shown in FIG.  22  and the fifth embodiment, a memory section  139 C is added to the microcomputer  129  and a new performance is added to the microcomputer  137  in the fifth embodiment. The other equipments in the fifth embodiment are the same to the corresponding equipments in the fourth embodiment. 
     The microcomputer  129  memorizes the gap γ′ (%) for the control signal Rcont and the gap δ′ (%) for the control signal Bcont with respect to the color temperature control region in addition to a basic operation as shown in FIG.  14 . In accordance with the gaps γ′ and δ′ (%), the computing portion  137  computes a color temperature control region by utilizing the gaps γ′ and δ′ and outputs the control signals Rcont and Bcont to a white balance circuit  119 . 
     The acceptable gaps γ′ and δ′ are determined in accordance with experimental data of a lot of video cameras. FIG. 27 shows a flow chart how acceptable gaps γ′ and δ′ are determined with respect to various fluorescent lamps. For example, a reference lamp having color temperature 3200K is photographed by a video camera in order to obtain the data of the control signals Rcont and Bcont. In the next, a first color temperature converter filter for color temperature 4000K is attached to the reference lamp and the reference lamp with the first color temperature converter filter is photographed by the video camera in order to obtain the data of the control signals Rcont and Bcont. A second color temperature converter filter for color temperature 7500K is attached to the reference lamp and the reference lamp with the second color temperature converter filter is photographed by the video camera in order to obtain the data of the control signals Rcont and Bcont. By gathering three kind of the data, a color temperature control axis  153  with respect to a fluorescent lamp can be approximated as shown line A-B-C in FIG.  29 . Then, it it photographed under fluorescent light in order to obtain the data of various control signals Rcont and Bcont. Comparing with the both data, gaps γ′ and δ′ between the approximate color temperature of the reference light and the color temperature of various actual fluorescent light are calculated, respectively. Such a data pick-up operation is repeated for some (N) video cameras. Average gaps γ′ and δ′ are determined by the data sampled from N video cameras. These average gaps γ′ and δ are corresponding to the differences between the highest value and the lowest value of the control signals Rcont and Bcont of the color temperature control axis and determined as 100%. 
     The determined gaps γ′ and δ′ (%) are memorized into a memory portion  139 C of each video camera in a producting operation. 
     FIG. 28 shows a flow chart of an operation for controlling white balance of each video camera in a product operation. Firstly, it is photographed a reference illuminating lamp of which light having the color temperature 3200K and the the values of the control signals Rcont and Bcont are calculated. The values correspond to a point A (R 1 , B 1 ) in FIG.  29 . The first color temperature converter filter is attached to the reference illuminating lamp. It is photographed the illuminating light through the first color temperature converter filter and the values of the control signals Rcont and Bcont are calculated. The values correspond to a point B (R 2 , B 2 ) in FIG.  29 . Then, the second color temperature converter filter is attached to the reference illuminating lamp. It is photographed the illuminating light through the second color temperature converter filter and the values of the control signals Rcont and Bcont are calculated. The values correspond to a point C (R 3 , B 3 ) in FIG.  29 . These data are memorized in a memory section (not shown) in the microcomputer  129 . In accordance with the memorized data, the computing portion  137  approximates a color temperature control axis  145  as shown in a A-B-C line in FIG.  29 . Further, color temperature control points D, E, F, G, and I of a video camera correspond to various light of illuminating lamps are determined by sliding the color temperature control axis  153  in accordance with respective gaps (γ′, δ′) memorized in the memory  139 C. The computing portion  137  outputs control values Rcont and Bcont corresponding to judged illuminating light to a white balance control circuit  119  based on ratios R/G and B/G. In FIG. 29, points D, E, F, G, H and I indicate a three wavelength daylight fluorescent lamp, a daylight fluorescent lamp, a three wavelength day white fluorescent lamp, a day white fluorescent lamp, a white fluorescent lamp and a halide lamp, respectively. 
     In FIG. 29, the point D is calculated along the following equation based on the color temperature change axis approximated by reference illuminating lights. 
     
       
         γ′=100( R   4 − R   1 )/( R   3 − R   1 ) 
       
     
     
       
         δ′=100( B   4 − B   3 )/( B   1 − B   3 ) 
       
     
     
       
           R   4 = R   1 +( R   3 − R   1 )×(γ′/100) 
       
     
     
       
           B   4 = B   3 +( B   1 − B   3 )×(δ′/100) 
       
     
     In the above example, a color temperature detecting region is not limited the region as shown in FIG.  29 . It is possible to adjust control values Rcont and Bcont by providing an acceptable width  55  with considering the gaps. If tthe gaps γ′ and δ′ are determined once for one type of video cameras, the gaps may be memorized as the constant numbers in a software for the microcomputer  129  or memorized proper numbers in an electrical erasable programable read only memory (EEPROM). If the gaps can be changeable, video cameras can be controlled white balance individually. 
     As described above, the differences between the highest values and the lowest values of the ratios R/G and B/G are recognized as 100% for each points A, B and C. Thus, the gaps (%) with respect to a fluorescent lamp and so on is predetermined. Even if each complementary color filter of a charge coupled device has an individual dispersion, the gaps (%) is constant. The dispersion caused by a charge coupled device and so on can be reduced by adjusting the gaps so that a feed forward type white balance can be controlled properly. 
     As described above, in the second through the fifth embodiments, white balance can be controlled properly by adjusting the characteristic dispersion caused by charge coupled devices, gaps of color temperature between reference light and measured sunshine and fluorescent lamps. 
     The sixth embodiments according to the present invention will be described with referred to FIG.  27  through FIG.  30 . 
     FIG. 30 shows a block diagram of one of the embodiments equipped to a photograph system of a video camera according to the present invention. As shown in FIG.  30 , an optical image is formed on a light receiving surface of a charge coupled device  203  through a lens  201 . A photograph signal S is output from the charge coupled device  203 . The photograph signal S is sample/hold processed and gain controlled in a sample/hold and automatic gain control circuit  205 . The photograph signal S is converted to a digital signal by an analog/digital converter  207 . The converted signal is input to a color separator circuit  215  through a brightness signal process circuit  211  and a dolor separater  213  in a signal process circuit  209 . 
     The brightness signal process circuit  211  outputs a digital brightness signal DY by processing the signal S. The digital brightness signal DY is converted to an analog brightness signal Y by the digital/analog converter  217 . The color separater circuit  213  outputs three elementary color signals R, G and B. The three elementary color signals R, G and B are white balance controlled (gain controlled) in accordance with the values of white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont in the white balance circuit  219 . The controlled elementary signals R, G and B are converted to a digital color signal DC in the color signal process circuit  221 . The digital color signal DC is converted to an analog color signal C and output in a digital/analog converter  223 . 
     The color separater circuit is connected to an integrator  225  and a microcomputer  227 . In the integrator  225 , the brightness signal Y and color combination signals Cr and Cb are integrated and the integrated values IY, ICr and ICb are output for every one field. 
     In the microcomputer  227 , a green integrated value IG, a red integrated value IR and a blue integrated value IB are matrix processed from the integrated values IY, ICr and ICb. A ratio IR/IG (a ratio of the integrated value IR with respect to the integrated value IG) and a ratio IB/IG (a ratio of the integrated value IB with respect to the integrated value IG) are detected. White balance control signals Rcont and Bcont for controlling white balance properly are computed based on the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG. Thus, optimum white balance can be controlled by utilizing the white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont in the white balance circuit  219 . 
     In the above case, the ratios IR/IG and IB/IG are not changed little although the brightness level is changed. FIG. 31 shows a relation between ratio R/G and B/G of the elementary signals R, G and B and brightness level. The relation as shown in FIG. 31 can correspond to the relation between integrated ratios IR/IG and IB/IG and brightness level. If an iris open degree is rapidly increased from zero to a proper exposure level (a horizontal dot line as shown in FIG. 32) at high speed, the brightness is rapidly changed. However, the values of the white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont can be detected by detecting white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont based on the integrated ratios IR/IG and IB/IG. 
     In a video camera system as shown in FIG. 30, while a power save mechaanism is actuated, a predetermined time (for example, 0.5 sec.) is designed as one field period for computing white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont from the integrated ratios IR/IB, IG/IB (see FIG.  3 ). The above process is computed at high speed. Even if the open degree of an iris is changed rapidly, certain values of white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont can be computed, since the signals Rcont and Bcont are calculated based on the ratios IR/IB and IG/IB which are not influenced with brightness changing. The values of the white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont are converged to proper values, respectively. 
     In the above described predetermined time, white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont may be detected for every several fields. When white balance control singals Rcont and Bcont are computed in every one field, the values of the white balance signals Rcont and Bcont may be renewed only in the condition that the values become constant for at least several fields. Further, as shown in FIG. 32, values of white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont may be begun to compute at high speed (in every one field or every several field) after a period  1 . In the period  1 , an open degree of an iris is increased to a predetermined level, taht is, a brightness level is approached to a predetermined level. In the case that a brightness level is very low, there are high possibility that noize components are included to a detecting signal. Therefore, it had better not computing in the period when a brightness level is very low. 
     After passing over the predetermined time, the open degree of the iris becomes stale and approached to a proper level so that the microcomputer  227  computes and outputs white balance control signals Rcont, Bcont and the white balance control circuit begins to control white balance. For the predetermined time, the values of the control signals Rcont and Bcont are converged. The first output values of the control signals Rcont and Bcont become optimim values. In this condition, a period for computing and outputing the values of the control signals Rcont and Bcont is once for 20˜30 fields (normal white balance control period). The reason why the period becomes long is that a color temperature would not be so changed while photographing at the same location and it is not wished to change color rapidly. Therefore, slow control is sufficient in the condition. 
     In the seventh embodiment of the present invention, while a photograph button is pushed in a power save operation, values of white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont are computed for every one field or every several fields in a period from pushing the photograph button to beginning to record. As shown in FIG. 32, the values of the white balance control signals are computed at high sped in the period I- 1  from a moment when an open degree of an iris becomes a predetermined level to a moment when recording is begun actually. 
     After recording actually, the microcomputer  227  computes and outputs the values of white balance control signals Rcont and Bcont for every 20˜30 fields and the white balance circuit  219  control white balance. 
     The moment when the recording is begun actually may be determined by a predetermined time after pushing a photograph button or a condition that the iris becomes stable and its condition is detected. Further, the recording may be started from a moment when an open degree of an iris becomes stable and phase synchronize of a rotational drum is finished. 
     As described above, according to the sixth and seventh embodiments of the present invention, even if an oped degree of an iris is rapidly changed from zero after pushing a photograph button and a berightness level is charged remarkably, centain white balance control signal can be obtained. Thereby, when the recording is started actualy, values of the white balance control signals become stable and white balance is controlled properly in order to record. 
     The invention being thus described, it will be obvious that the same may be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure fromt he sprit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications as would be bovious to one skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.