Abstract:
A self assessing target with four quadrants and a method of use thereof. Each quadrant containing possible causes for why shots are going into that particular quadrant rather than the center mass of the target. Each possible cause is followed by a solution intended to help the marksman correct the problem causing the marksman to shoot in that particular area. In addition, the self assessing target contains possible causes for general shooting errors and solutions to the causes of the general shooting error. The automatic feedback with instant suggestions and corrections enables the shooter to improve their marksmanship.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The United States Government has rights in this invention pursuant to a contract with the U.S. Department Energy. 
    
    
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present inventive subject matter relates to a target device including a surface having thereon indicia which define points of aim or define the portion of the surface adapted to be struck by a projectile. More particularly, the present invention relates to a target which provides automatic feedback to the shooter enabling the shooter to improve their marksmanship. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     Shooting targets are commonly used for recreational purposes and in the training of police officers and marksmen. Considerable effort has been put forth to create devices which provide immediate feedback to the user indicating the success of his or her shot. Such devices allow the marksman to make immediate corrective action, and thereby spend his or her time more productively. 
     Many prior art targets which provide immediate feedback employ electrical self-indicating targets signaling the zone bit by the projectile. Other prior art targets are used in the calibration of telescopic sights or for use in testing accuracy of firearms. 
     In general, the problem with prior art targets is the lack of feedback in the form of suggestions and corrections which would enable the shooter to improve their marksmanship. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,213,470 discloses a sighting target for positioning at various fixed distances for calibration of a telescopic sight on a firearm such as a pistol, rifle and the like. The target has an X positioned against a white background having square grids with black lines. The stripes are colored orange with black edges. At the intersection, a circle is delineated in black. The ends of the X do not terminate at the comers of the target, but terminate proximate to the vertical edges. The X of the cross hairs of the telescopic sight is aligned with the X of the target in an efficient and effective manner for a specific distance. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,177,580 discloses a target system which is responsive to and indicative of the hits and areas of near miss of laser light pulses that have been shot from a laser weapon aimed at the target system, be it a simulated gun or other device, by a marksman. In addition to the bull&#39;s-eye indicia on the face of the target system, the target system comprises a quadrant arrangement of laser light detectors that are located on the front of the target system in such manner as to permit them to sense the laser light pulses. The detectors are connected in combination with data processing channels, programmed timers, a preprogrammed read only memory logic circuit, and an array of lights disposed around and near the perimeter of the target face. The latter mentioned lights light up in accordance with the approximate location of the hits of the laser light pulses relative to the bull&#39;s-eye of the target face, thereby indicating either a hit or the direction of a near miss to the marksman. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,949,972 discloses an automatic target shooting system for determining projectile location relative to a target, calculating a score based upon the location and displaying a replica of the target with an indication of the location of the projectile relative to the target and the score. A target support structure defines a target area with criss-crossing X-Y-type coordinate light beams extending between light emitter devices and light receiving devices which generate output signals indicative of the location of a projectile during passage through the target area. The output signals are utilized by a computer device to identify the location of the projectile relative to the target and score the shot in accordance with the location. A replica of the target is displayed on a CRT screen with an indication of the location of the shot thereon and the score for the shot. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,786,058 discloses an electric indicating target for use in shooting practice which provides a user with a display indicating the zone of the target face that has been hit by a shot. The target includes a planar surface of electrical resistance elements formed on the target face and divided into a plurality of electrically insulated sectors. When the surface of a sector is penetrated by a relatively small projectile, the resistance of the sector increases by an amount indicative of a shot hitting the sector. The target further includes external circuits, each connected to a different sector of the target, that store the resistance of a sector and detect changes in this resistance indicative of a projectile hitting the sector. After a sector is hit, the associated circuit first signals so, and then stores the new resistance of the sector. A display device is connected to the external circuitry in order to provide a user with messages indicating which sector has been hit. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 2,417,451 discloses an instruction target sheet for sighting and testing the accuracy of rifles and small arms on a testing range. The target sheet comprises a conventional target pattern including a sighting bull&#39;s-eye superimposed thereon. Surrounding the bull&#39;s-eye are a number of concentric rings providing various scoring zones of value diminishing outwardly from the center. A sighting bull&#39;s-eye is superimposed on the conventional target sheet in order to facilitate ease in aligning the vertical aspect of the shot. The size of the superimposed sighting bull&#39;s-eye is determined by the marksman&#39;s distance to the target. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 197,397 discloses a target sheet for exhibiting the distribution of a gun shot and the character of the distribution due to either gun, powder or shot. The target sheet comprises a series of circles whose centers are arranged around and off the center of a main circle and divided into a series of spaces by cross lines, thereby permitting the marksman to ascertain the position and distribution of hits on the target sheet. 
     However, there remains a need for a target device which provides automatic feedback to the shooter, to enable the shooter to improve their marksmanship. In addition, there is a need for a target device that provides immediate feedback in the form of suggestions and corrections which enable the shooter to improve their marksmanship. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     One embodiment of the present inventive subject matter is drawn to a target for use by a marksman in shooting practice comprising: a substantially planar member, said substantially planar member divided into four quadrants, an upper-right quadrant, an upper-left quadrant, an lower-right quadrant and an lower-left quadrant; a center mass area on said substantially planar member at which said marksman aims, said center mass located at the intersection of said four quadrants; and a plurality of analysis boxes, wherein each of said analysis boxes contains a text that contains analysis and solutions to errors of a marksman using said target. 
     Another embodiment of the present invention is a method for providing automatic feedback in target shooting comprising the steps of: firing projectiles from a firearm at a target, said target containing a center mass at which said projectiles are aimed, said target further divided into four quadrants, an upper-right quadrant, an upper-left quadrant, an lower-right quadrant and an lower-left quadrant, wherein intersection of said four quadrants is located in said center mass, said target further containing a plurality of analysis boxes, wherein each said analysis boxes contains text with analysis and solutions to errors in marksmanship; evaluating the location where said projectiles stuck said target; correcting said error in marksmanship using information provided in said analysis boxes. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 illustrates the target with four separate quadrants which includes Analysis Boxes that list possible causes for shooting errors and corresponding solutions. 
     FIG. 2 illustrates possible causes for shots going high and to the strong side of the marksman along with solutions for correcting such shots. 
     FIG. 3 illustrates possible causes for shots going high and to the weak side of the marksman along with solutions for correcting such shots. 
     FIG. 4 illustrates possible causes for shots going low and to the strong side along with solutions for correcting such shots. 
     FIG. 5 illustrates possible causes for shots going low and to the weak side of the marksman along with solutions for correcting such shots. 
     FIG. 6 illustrates possible causes for shots going to the weak side of the marksman along with solutions for correcting such shots. 
     FIG. 7 illustrates possible causes for shots going to the strong side of the marksman along with solutions for correcting such shots. 
     FIG. 8 illustrates possible causes for shots stringing vertically or horizontally along with solutions for correcting such shots. 
     FIG. 9 illustrates possible causes for shots scattered all over the target along with solutions for correcting such shots. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     The preferred embodiment of the subject invention will Dow be discussed in some detail in conjunction with all of the figures, wherein like parts are designated by like reference numerals, insofar as it is possible and practical to do so. While the present inventive subject matter is applicable for use with semi-automatic handguns, revolvers as well as other small arms including rifles, semi-automatic rifles and the like, the preferred embodiment, discussed below, is a self assessing target used by marksmen firing semi-automatic handguns with two hands. In the present invention a marksman aims each shot at the center mass of a target. The target of the present invention is broken into four quadrants with the intersection of the four quadrants being located in the center mass of the target. Each quadrant is labeled with possible causes as to why shots are going into that particular quadrant instead of center mass. Each possible cause is followed by solutions to assist in correcting the problem which is causing the marksman to shoot in that particular quadrant. Further, additional text boxes identifying causes and providing solutions for general shooting errors are provided. Examples of such errors include stringing shots vertically or horizontally, shots going high or low and shots scattered all over the target. The present invention provides target analysis for both left and right handed marksman. Further, the target analysis provides causes and solutions for both strong and weak side errors. A right-handed marksman hitting the target on the right side would be an example of a shooting error to the marksman&#39;s strong side. A right-handed marksman hitting the target on the left side would be an example of a shooting error to the right-handed marksman&#39;s weak side. In one embodiment, analysis is provided in the Analysis Boxes in different colors to help the marksman easily identify which analysis applies. For example, Analysis Boxes for right-handed marksman may be printed in a first color, text in Analysis Boxes for a left-handed marksman may be printed in a second color and text in Analysis Boxes for use by both night and left-handed marksmen may be printed in a third color. Various colors may be used without limitation. For example, colors may be selected from a group consisting of: red, blue, yellow, green, black, purple, orange, brown, pink, gray or white without limitation of the choices of color to those listed. Referring now to FIG. 1, there is shown a target sheet  2  with a human silhouette  4  located on target sheet  2 . At least one target box  6  is located on human silhouette  2 . Target sheet  2  is broken into four separate quadrants, upper-right quadrant  20 , upper-left quadrant  28 , lower-right quadrant  36  and lower-left quadrant  44  by horizontal line  8  and vertical line  10 . Center mass  12  of target sheet  2  is located at the intersection of horizontal line  8  and vertical line  10 . The marksman aims each shot at center mass  12  of the target sheet  2 . 
     In the event that a right-handed marksman&#39;s shots are located in upper-right quadrant  20  of target sheet  2 , the marksman may refer to Analysis Box A  22 , as summarized in FIG. 2, for analysis and solutions for improving marksmanship. As can be seen in FIG. 2, a cause for hitting target sheet  2  in upper-right quadrant  20  for a right-handed marksman is anticipating the semi-automatic handgun&#39;s recoil which may be corrected by maintaining a proper grip without moving before, during and after each shot. Also seen in FIG. 2, another cause for hitting target sheet  2  in upper-right quadrant  20  for a right-handed marksman is placing too much pressure on the semi-automatic handgun with the strong hand thumb which may be corrected by lessening thumb pressure while maintaining the proper grip. 
     For left-handed marksman whose shots are located primarily in upper-right quadrant  20  of target sheet  2 , the marksman may refer to Analysis Box B  24 , as summarized in FIG. 3, for analysis and solutions for improving marksmanship. As can be seen in FIG. 3, one of the causes for hitting target sheet  2  in upper-right quadrant  20  for a left-handed marksman is pulling back on the semi-automatic handgun while firing which may be corrected by maintaining a proper follow through while firing. Also seen in FIG. 3, another cause for hitting target sheet  2  in upper-right quadrant  20  for a left-handed marksman is breaking the wrist up which may be corrected by keeping the wrist parallel with the forearm. 
     In the event that a left-handed marksman&#39;s shots are located in upper-left quadrant  28  of target sheet  2 , the marksman may refer to Analysis Box D  30 , as summarized in FIG. 2, for analysis and solutions for improving marksmanship. As can be seen in FIG. 2, a cause for hitting target sheet  2  in upper-left quadrant  28  for a left-handed marksman is anticipating the semi-automatic handgun&#39;s recoil which may be corrected by maintaining a proper grip without moving before, during and after each shot. Also seen in FIG. 2, another cause for hitting target sheet  2  in upper-left quadrant  28  for a right-handed marksman is placing too much pressure on the semi-automatic handgun with the strong hand thumb which may be corrected by lessening thumb pressure while maintaining the proper grip. 
     For right-handed marksman whose shots are located primarily in upper-left quadrant  28  of target sheet  2 , the marksman may refer to Analysis Box C  32 , as summarized in FIG. 3, for analysis and solutions for improving marksmanship. As can be seen in FIG. 3, one of the causes for hitting target sheet  2  in upper-left quadrant  28  for a left-handed marksman is pulling back on the semi-automatic handgun while firing which may be corrected by maintaining a proper follow through while firing. Also seen in FIG. 3, another cause for hitting target sheet  2  in upper-left quadrant  28  for a left-handed marksman is breaking the wrist up which may be corrected by keeping the wrist parallel with the forearm. 
     In the event that a right-handed marksman&#39;s shots are located in lower-right quadrant  36  of target sheet  2 , the marksman may refer to Analysis Box E  38 , as summarized in FIG. 4, for analysis and solutions for improving marksmanship. As can be seen in FIG. 4, a cause for hitting target sheet  2  in lower-right quadrant  36  for a right-handed marksman is tightening the whole hand shut along with the trigger pull which may be corrected by keeping the shooting strongly gripping the semi-automatic handgun while keeping the trigger finger relaxed. Also seen in FIG. 4, another cause for hitting target sheet  2  in lower-right quadrant  36  for a right-handed marksman is a limp wrist during firing which may be corrected by tightening the grip. 
     For left-handed marksman whose shots are located primarily in lower-right quadrant  36  of target sheet  2 , the marksman may refer to Analysis Box F  40 , as summarized in FIG. 5, for analysis and solutions for improving marksmanship. As can be seen in FIG. 5, one of the causes for hitting target sheet  2  in lower-right quadrant  36  for a left-handed marksman is trigger flinch which may be corrected by relaxing and not anticipating the round going off. Also seen in FIG. 5, other causes for hitting target sheet  2  in lower-right quadrant  36  for a left-handed marksman is breaking the wrist downward which may be corrected by making a conscious effort to keep the wrist straight and relaxing before the trigger pull which may be corrected by maintaining the proper follow through. 
     In the event that a right-handed marksman&#39;s shots are located in lower-left quadrant  44  of target sheet  2 , the marksman may refer to Analysis Box G  46 , as summarized in FIG. 4, for analysis and solutions for improving marksmanship. As can be seen in FIG. 4, a cause for hitting target sheet  2  in lower-left quadrant  44  for a left-handed marksman is tightening the whole hand shut along with the trigger pull which may be corrected by keeping the shooting strongly gripping the semi-automatic handgun while keeping the trigger finger relaxed. Also seen in FIG. 4, another cause for hitting target sheet  2  in lower-left quadrant  44  for a left-handed marksman is a limp wrist during firing which may be corrected by tightening the grip. 
     For right-handed marksman whose shots are located primarily in lower-left quadrant  44  of target sheet  2 , the marksman may refer to Analysis Box H  48 , as summarized in FIG. 5, for analysis and solutions for improving marksmanship. As can be seen in FIG. 5, one of the causes for hitting target sheet  2  in lower-left quadrant  44  for a right-handed marksman is trigger flinch which may be corrected by relaxing and not anticipating the round going off. Also seen in FIG. 5, other causes for hitting target sheet  2  in lower-left quadrant  44  for a right-handed marksman is breaking the wrist downward which may be corrected by making a conscious effort to keep the wrist straight and relaxing before the trigger pull which may be corrected by maintaining the proper follow through. 
     In the event that a right-handed marksman&#39;s shots are located in lower-left quadrant  44  and upper-left quadrant  28  of target sheet  2 , the marksman may refer to Analysis Box I  50 , as summarized in FIG. 6, for analysis and solutions for improving marksmanship. As can be seen in FIG. 6, one of the causes for hitting target sheet  2  in lower-left quadrant  44  and upper-left quadrant  28  for a right-handed marksman is marksman&#39;s trigger finger is not in far enough which may be corrected by properly setting the trigger finger. Also seen in FIG. 6, another cause for hitting target sheet  2  in lower-left quadrant  44  and upper-left quadrant  28  for a right-handed marksman is pulling too hard with marksman&#39;s weak hand which may be corrected by concentrating on placing the appropriate amount of pressure with the weak hand while shooting. 
     For left-handed marksman whose shots are located primarily in lower-left quadrant  44  and upper-left quadrant  28  of target sheet  2 , the marksman may refer to Analysis Box J  52 , summarized in FIG. 7, for analysis and solutions for improving marksmanship As can be seen in FIG. 7, hitting target sheet  2  in lower-left quadrant  44  and upper-left quadrant  28  for a left-handed marksman may be caused by the marksman&#39;s trigger finger being pushed in too far which may be corrected by properly setting the trigger finger. Also seen in FIG. 7, another cause for hitting target sheet  2  in lower-left quadrant  44  and upper-left quadrant  28  for a left-handed marksman is applying too much pressure with the ball of the marksman&#39;s weak hand which may be corrected by not applying lateral pressure with the weak hand. 
     If a left-handed marksman&#39;s shots are located in lower-right quadrant  36  and upper-right quadrant  20  of target sheet  2 , the marksman may refer to Analysis Box K  54 , as summarized in FIG. 6, for analysis and solutions for improving marksmanship. As can be seen in FIG. 6, one of the causes for hitting target sheet  2  in lower-right quadrant  36  and upper-right quadrant  20  for a left-handed marksman is marksman&#39;s trigger finger is not in far enough which may be corrected by properly setting the trigger finger. Also seen in FIG. 6, another cause for hitting target sheet  2  in lower-right quadrant  36  and upper-right quadrant  20  for a left-handed marksman is pulling too hard with marksman&#39;s weak hand which may be corrected by concentrating on placing the appropriate amount of pressure with the weak hand while shooting. 
     For right-handed marksman whose shots are located primarily in lower-right quadrant  36  and upper-right quadrant  20  of target sheet  2 , the marksman may refer to Analysis Box L  56 , summarized in FIG. 7, for analysis and solutions for improving marksmanship. As can be seen in FIG. 7, one of the causes for hitting target sheet  2  in lower-right quadrant  36  and upper-right quadrant  20  .for a right-handed marksman is marksman&#39;s trigger finger is pushed in too far which may be corrected by properly setting the trigger finger. Also seen in FIG. 7, another cause for hitting target sheet  2  in lower-right quadrant  36  and upper-right quadrant  20  for a right-handed marksman is applying too much pressure with the ball of the marksman&#39;s weak hand which may be corrected by not applying lateral pressure with the weak band. 
     In the event that a right or left handed marksman&#39;s shots are stringing vertically or horizontally, the marksman may refer to Analysis Box M  58 , as summarized in FIG. 8, for analysis and solutions for improving marksmanship. As can be seen in FIG. 8 a reason for stringing shots vertically is the marksman moving his or her body vertically while shooting which may be corrected by keeping still while shooting, paying particular attention to the knees and shoulders. Also seen in FIG. 8, another reason for stringing shots vertically or horizontally is breathing while shooting which may be corrected by taking breaths between shots and holding one&#39;s breath while shooting. Also seen in FIG. 8, a cause for string shots horizontally is the marksman moving his or her body horizontally while shooting which may be corrected by keeping still while shooting, paying particular attention to the knees and shoulders. 
     In the event that a right or left handed marksman&#39;s shots arc scattered all over the target sheet  2 , the marksman may refer to Analysis Box N  60 , as summarized in FIG. 9, for analysis and solutions for improving marksmanship. As summarized in FIG. 9, scattering shots all over the target can be caused by not focusing on a specific part of target  2  which may be corrected by maintaining aim on the exact part of target sheet  2  the marksman wishes to hit. 
     In one embodiment of the present invention, Analysis Boxes A  22 , C  32 , E  38 , H  48 , I  50 , L  56  with analysis and solutions for right-handed marksmen are printed in the same color of ink. The Analysis Boxes B  24 , D  30 , F  40 , G  46 , J  52 , K  54  with analysis and solutions for a left-handed marksmen are printed in the same color which is different than that used for right-handed marksmen. Further, Analysis Boxes M  58  and N  60  which contain analysis and solutions for marksmen without regard to right or left handedness are printed in the same color which is different than the colors used for analysis and solutions for either Tight or left handed marksmen. 
     In the preferred embodiment, Analysis Boxes A  22 , C  32 , E  38 , H  48 , I  50 , L  56  with analysis and solutions for right-handed marksmen are printed in red, analysis B  24 , D  30 , F  40 , G  46 , J  52 , K  54  with analysis and solutions for left-handed marksmen are printed in blue and Analysis Boxes M  58  and N  60  with analysis and solutions for marksmen without regard to right or left handedness are printed in black. 
     In one of the preferred embodiments, a legend  64  printed on target sheet  2  provides a key to colors used within target sheet  2 . 
     The invention being thus described, it will be obvious that the same may be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.