Abstract:
This invention of a prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe comprises a needle hub with a needle tube and a rubber washer, a cap, a barrel, a spring, a vial, and a retractable plunger. To prevent or reduce injuries of needle stab and protect medical staffs, a forward action of the vial plus the needle hub compressed by the retractable plunger can drive a sliding movement between slides on the needle hub and snap hooks on the barrel via the spring&#39;s force to complete automatic retraction of the needle hub as well as the vial when an injection is finished.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0002]    The prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe is an invention of reducing injuries of needle stab and protecting a user&#39;s safety by loading liquor inside a vial in advance and depending on an action of a retractable plunger that can push the vial to compress a needle hub forward, then retracting the needle hub and the vial inside the barrel because of retraction of the retractable plunger and expansion of a spring when an injection is completed. 
         [0003]    2. Description of the Prior Art 
         [0004]    To control or clean various microbes within a human body and sift as well as examine diseases &amp; symptoms, syringes, in general, are used as tools for injection and blood collection at a human body. Based on considerations in convenience in treatment, efficiency of management, correctness of pharmaceuticals, accuracy of doses, prevention of fake pharmaceuticals, and difference in products, utilization of prepacked injections has become an important tendency in development of the pharmaceutical industry. Despite a disposable barrel adopted for a conventional prepacked syringe with history of being used over 30 years, infected needle heads still are exposed. Thus far, there are 20 odd infectious diseases transmitted by blood like AIDS and B-type or C-type hepatitis with infected needle heads as channels that cause enormous economic and social costs for dealing with the sequential derivative problems after events of needle stab. In addition, patients having diabetes or users making injections punctually, after using syringes at other places such as offices, restaurants, or hotels, may discard used ones into common trash boxes or liter them everywhere, leading to exposure of infected needle heads that cause serious healthy problems in the society in case of injuries of needle stab to cleaners or children who catch needles. 
         [0005]    Therefore, in addition to convenience in usage, the inventor, while actively researching safety syringes, deliberates healthy safety for users, cleaners, or even other people contacting infected needle head accidentally as a major objective in design that integrates a vial having prepacked injections in it with an automatic retractable syringe to keep a used needle hub and a vial retracted inside a barrel and to prevent exposure of an infected needle head causing injuries of needle stab to medical staffs, cleaners or any other people. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0006]    This invention of prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe comprises a needle hub with a needle tube and a rubber washer on it, a cap, a barrel, a spring, a vial, and a retractable plunger. With an injection completed, a retraction from the retractable plunger pushing and compressing the needle hub makes the spring drive the needle hub plus the vial inside the barrel and materializes a safer design. 
         [0007]    The major objective of this invention of a prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe is to furnish a vial with prepacked injections in it to make the vial contained inside an automatically retractable safety syringe. Because of plural U-type slides at the end of the needle hub as a design offering space for movement of plural snap hooks inside slides, and the spring around the needle hub together with a retractable plunger as a tool to push the vial compressing the needle hub forward, the spring is able to drive snap hooks moving inside slides of the needle hub and finally complete a retractable motion. 
         [0008]    As another objective of this prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe to prevent injuries of needle stab and infection, the vial that contains prepacked injections and being held inside an automatically retractable safety syringe can be compressed by the forward moving retractable plunger to drive the spring retracting the needle hub, the vial, and the front plunger back to the barrel after completion of an injection. 
         [0009]    Another objective of this prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe with the vial containing prepacked injections and being held inside an automatically retractable safety syringe is to form a complete retractable safety syringe that a rear plunger with a bulge on it can be engaged with the barrel when a front plunger is retracted inside the rear plunger. 
         [0010]    With an illustration of diagrams, the detailed description and technical content related to this invention is displayed as follows: 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0011]    Firstly, refer to  FIG. 1 , the 3-dimensional pictures of individual and combined components. This prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe having prepacked injections contained in a vial and held inside an automatically retractable safety syringe comprises: a needle hub  13  with a needle tube  130  and a rubber washer on it, a cap  10 , a barrel  11 , a vial  15  with injections preloaded in it, and a retractable plunger  16  that can be held inside the barrel  11 . The barrel  11  is able to hold the needle hub  13  and guide the used needle hub  13  plus the vial  15  retracted toward a reversed direction against the injection by employing an annular spring  12 . 
         [0012]    Furthermore, the needle hub  13  containing a needle tube  131  with sharp heads at both ends and penetrating the center of the needle hub  13  has plural slides such as locating groove  131 , ramp  132 , rotation slide  133  and penetration slide  134  to form U-type slides for a retraction action. With snap hooks  110  at one end of the barrel  11  and the locating groove  131  forming a fastener, the snap hooks can be fixed inside the locating groove  131 . When the spring  12  is further compressed, the snap hooks  110  can move along similar U-type slides formed by the locating groove  131 , the ramp  132 , the rotation slide  133 , and the penetration slide  134  to make the needle hub  13  retracted to a reversed direction against the injection. At the other end of the needle hub  13 , a disc-type retainer  135  with an annular concaved washer groove  1350  for cover of a rubber washer  14  has a function to contact inner circles inside an inner barrel  112  of the barrel  11  when the spring  12  is retracted. 
         [0013]    Besides, the hollow barrel  11  has a fingergrip  111  at one end and plural inward snap hooks  110  with adequate tolerances for deformation at another end. When the syringe is unused, the snap hooks  110  securely hold the locating groove  131  of the needle hub  13 ; after the injection is finished, a retractable motion can be generated because a user&#39;s force along the direction of the needle hub  13  compresses the snap hooks  110  released from the groove between the needle hub  13  and the snap hooks  110 . 
         [0014]    Refer to  FIGS. 2 ,  3 ,  4 ,  5  and  6  simultaneously, pictures for combination and movement of the vial and the retractable plunger in this preloaded automatic retractable safety syringe. The vial  15  for filling of liquor in advance is a hollow tube with a rubber stopper  150  and a hollow Π-type cover  151  installed at one end, and a gasket  152  with an adapter  1520  in it installed on the other end for the purpose of connecting a retractable plunger  16 . The retractable plunger  16  is composed of a front plunger  160  and a rear plunger  161 : the front plunger  160  is a hollow tube with one end open and a cylinder head  1600  formed in the center of one end for engagement of the cylinder head  1600  and the adapter  1520  of the gasket  152  inside the vial  15 ; the rear plunger  161  is a similarly hollow tube, which has an annular bulge  1610  and plural stop blocks  1612  around longitudinal walls on the tube for contact with the barrel  11 . 
         [0015]    At usage of this syringe, the cylinder head  1600  connecting to the front plunger  160  of the retractable plunger  16  is fixed inside the adapter  1520  of the gasket  152  within the vial  15 , and the retractable plunger  16  for fixing the vial  15  is placed inside the inner barrel  112  of the barrel  11  for a forward movement action. When the lower point  1301  of the needle tube  130  penetrates the rubber stopper  150  of the vial  15 , the retractable plunger  16  is able to propel injections inside the vial  15  into a human body through the needle tube  130 . Then, with injection completed, a user&#39;s force to push the retractable plunger  16  toward the direction of the needle hub  13  will make the snap hooks  110  originally clamping the locating groove  131  of the needle hub  13  move at one end of the needle hub  13  along U-type slides formed by the ramp  132 , the rotation slide  133 , and the penetration slide  134 , and lead to extension of the spring  12 , retracting the needle hub  13  and the vial  15  toward the reversed direction against the injection. 
         [0016]    Refer to  FIGS. 7 &amp; 8 , pictures showing combination of the retractable plunger and the prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe. For the retractable plunger  16 , the front plunger  160  with an annular raised rib  1601  around walls at one end, has a smaller diameter than a diameter of the rear plunger  161  with an annular concaved rib  1611  around walls of its inner edge. With this structure assembled, the retractable plunger  16  because of its plastic material with adequate intolerances for deformation has the raised rib  1601  securely contact the concaved rib  1611  and makes the front plunger  160  slide into the rear plunger  161  at compressing the retractable plunger  16 ; 
         [0017]    For another case of embodiments of the retractable plunger  16 ′, because the front plunger  160 ′ with an annular concaved rib  1601 ′ around walls at one end, has a larger diameter than a diameter of the rear plunger  161 ′ with an annular raised rib  1611 ′ around walls of its inner edge, the concaved rib  1601 ′ of the front plunger  160 ′ is able to securely contact the raised rib  1611 ′ of the rear plunger  161 ′ when this structure is being assembled. In addition, when the retractable plunger  16 ′ is moved, the front plunger  160 ′ is able to slip into the outer rims of the rear plunger  161 ′. 
         [0018]    Refer to  FIGS. 9 ,  10  and  11 , pictures showing movement of the retractable plunger of this prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe. When an injection is finished, a user&#39;s force compressing the retractable plunger  16  toward the needle hub  13  can make the snap hooks  110  originally engaging with the locating groove  131  of the needle hub  13  opened slightly, departing from the locating groove  131  and cause the raised rib  1601  of the front plunger  160  released from the concaved rib  1611  of the rear plunger  161  further owing to compression of a forward movement of the retractable plunger  16 ; on the other hand, adequate tension from the spring  12  retracting the needle hub  13 , the vial  15 , and the front plunger  160  toward the reversed direction against the injection makes the bulge  1610  around walls of the rear plunger  161  engage the concaved rib  1120  at one end of the inner barrel  112  inside the barrel  11 , but a stop block  1612  located on the outer rim of the rear plunger  161  will be against one side of the fingergrip  111  to block the further movement of the rear plunger  161 ; 
         [0019]    With the rear plunger  161  engaging the barrel  11 , the function of the spring  12  to retract the needle hub  13 , the vial  15  and the front plunger  160  inside the barrel  11  completes a cartridge-type safety syringe. 
         [0020]    Refer to  FIGS. 12 , an operational view of another embodiment for the prepacked retractable safety syringe wherein the diameter of the front plunger  160 ′ of the retractable plunger  16  is greater than the diameter of the rear plunger  161 ′, and there is a hollow cylinder-type stopper  113 ′ formed at one side of the fingergrip  111 ′ of the syringe  11 ′ and a concaved rib  114 ′ formed around the inner circle inside the aperture. With the concaved rib  1601 ′ of the front plunger  160 ′ leaving the raised rib  1611  ′ of the rear plunger  161 ′ after an injection, the needle hub  13 , the vial  15 , and the front plunger  160 ′ can be retracted inside the barrel along a reversed direction against the injection due to extension of the spring  12 . Additionally, the bottom plate  1613 ′ on one side of the rear plunger  161 ′ can be engaged with the concaved rib  114 ′ around the inner circle inside the stopper  113 ′ of the barrel  11 ′, creating an immobile contact when the needle hub  13 , the vial  15 , and the front plunger  160 ′ are retracted. 
         [0021]    Refer to  FIGS. 13 &amp; 14 , an operational view of another embodiment for the needle hub of the prepacked retractable safety syringe. Storage for the needle tube  130  penetrating the center of the needle hub  13  can be divided into two portions: the needle tube  130 ′ is contained inside one end of the needle hub  13 ; the needle tube  130 ″ is contained in the center of the retainer  135 ′ at another end of the needle hub  13 ′. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       [0022]      FIG. 1  is a three-dimensional exploded view for components of the prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe. 
         [0023]      FIG. 2  is a plane view for components combination of the prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe. 
         [0024]      FIG. 3  is a cross-sectional view of the retractable plunger engaging the vial of the prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe. 
         [0025]      FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view for combination of the vial and the needle hub of the prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe. 
         [0026]      FIG. 5  is an operational view of the prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe. 
         [0027]      FIG. 6  is an operational view for combination of the needle hub and snap hooks of the prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe. 
         [0028]      FIG. 7  is a diagrammatical illustration of embodiment for combination of the retractable plunger of the prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe. 
         [0029]      FIG. 8  is a diagrammatical illustration of another embodiment for the retractable plunger of the prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe. 
         [0030]      FIG. 9  is an operational view for retraction of the retractable plunger of the prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe. 
         [0031]      FIG. 10  is an operational view for retraction of the prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe. 
         [0032]      FIG. 11  is a diagrammatical illustration with contraction completed for the prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe. 
         [0033]      FIG. 12  is a diagrammatical illustration of another embodiment for retraction of the retractable plunger of the prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe. 
         [0034]      FIG. 13  is a diagrammatical illustration of embodiment for the needle tube of the needle hub of the prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe. 
         [0035]      FIG. 14  is a diagrammatical illustration of another embodiment for the needle tube of the needle hub of the prepacked automatic retractable safety syringe.