Abstract:
An improved cushioning bumper and stop member for a pivotal door such as used to cover a fuel opening in a vehicle body which is designed to be indexed by rotation in its mount to a precise position for establishing the door&#39;s closed position to create an outer surface flush with the surrounding surface of a vehicle body. The adjustable cushioning bumper member is mounted in a recessed door mount assembly so that it can be manually indexed by rotation to a desirable optimum position establishing the door&#39;s surface at a desired planar orientation relative to the vehicle&#39;s adjacent body surface.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention. 
     This invention concerns a readily adjustable device for establishing a closed positioning of a pivoted door with respect to adjacent surfaces so that the outer surfaces thereof arc aligned with respect to one another. More particularly this invention is drawn to an improved adjustable bumper and stop member for a vehicle door such as used to cover a fuel opening and which member can be rotated manually to a precise indexed position so that on closure the outer surface of the fuel door is flush with the outer surface of the vehicle body panel to optimize vehicle appearance and streamlining. 
     2. Description of Related Art. 
     Previously, vehicles have been utilized housings recessed in the bodywork for providing a hidden fuel inlet. The housing typically provides a pivotal door to conceal the fuel filler opening and the filler cap to improve vehicle appearance and to augment streamlining of the vehicle. Various door mounting constructions have also been devised to permit adjustment of such an access door so that upon closure the outer surface of the door is flush with the surrounding surface of the vehicle body and creates a constant narrow gap therebetween to enhance vehicle appearance and streamlining. For example the U.S. Pat. No. 4,811,984 to Hempel, issued Mar. 14,1989 for a “Lid For Closing An Automobile Body Recess” discloses a housing having a vehicle fuel door with threaded adjustment for locating the door hinge and with a threaded stop for adjustably supporting the free edge of the fuel door when closed for establishing a desired gap uniformity. In U.S. Pat. No. 5,165,749 to Sheppard, issued Nov. 24, 1992 for a “Gas Cap Cover Adjustment Device” discloses a recessed housing with a plural threaded adjustment construction so that the fuel door can be centered with respect to the accommodating opening in the body work of the vehicle and so that the upper surface thereof is aligned with the show surface of the vehicle side panel. 
     While the prior constructions identified above offer various fuel door adjustments, the remotely located threaded devices which are provided for the adjustment do not accommodate production line standards and requirements to permit an assembler to manually make a quick and precise adjustment for the desired door alignment of the fuel door with the show surface of the surrounding associated vehicle panel. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An object of this invention is to provide a universal adjustable stop member for a vehicle fuel door that allows an assembler or a service person to easily grasp and manually rotate the stop member for adjusting its stop position and therefore establish a flush alignment of the surfaces of the fuel door and the surrounding vehicle panel. The stop component of this invention resultantly provides for the optimized appearance of the fuel door to meet customer requirements for close fits and part alignment. 
     In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a bumper and stop device for the free edge of the fuel door is installed directly to the fuel filler housing which is recess mounted within a quarter panel or other body structure of the vehicle. The bumper and door stop member has an attachment construction to the housing which permits rotation about a first axis and an annular door contact and stop surface centered about a second axis which is offset from the first axis. When the bumper and stop member is rotated about the first axis, the offset annular surface provides an adjustable positive stop for the free edge of the fuel door. Upon rotation of the bumper and stop member about the first axis, its annular contact surface adjusts inwardly and outwardly relative to a free edge portion of the fuel door and thus adjusts the door&#39;s exterior show surface flush with the exterior show surface of the surrounding vehicle panel and thereby provides a desirable manual adjustability in positioning the fuel door. 
     In this invention, an improved fuel inlet and closure cap housing assembly is provided for mounting behind an opening in an exterior body panel of a vehicle. The assembly includes a fuel fill cover or door which is pivotally mounted to move between opened and closed operative positions for alternatively accessing and concealing the fuel fill tube. The construction features a manually adjustable door positioning bumper and stop member that cushions the door closure and also positions the free swing edge of the door so that the door&#39;s exterior surface lie flush to the body panel&#39;s exterior surface. The bumper and stop member is mold formed as a unitary member from resilient elastomer or other suitable material and is mounted directly in a wall of the fuel inlet housing assembly. When the fuel fill door is in its opened position, the bumper and stop member can be readily gripped and manually rotated to a variety of positions to establish a selected positioning which when the door is closed establishes alignment of the door&#39;s outer show surface with the show surfaces of the surrounding vehicle body&#39;s exterior panel. 
     The bumper may carry anti-rotation ribs that inhibit unwanted rotation of the bumper and door stop member after adjustment to a desired alignment which unwanted rotation might otherwise be caused by vibrations and cycling of the fuel door open and closed. The bumper and door stop member is engineered to readily accommodate use in many vehicles by its elongated construction so as to provide a relatively wide range of adjustment available in the radial direction as produced by the distance established between the member&#39;s two offset axes or distance between the two centerlines. In practice, a preferred bumper and stop member design can be standardized with built-in adjustment ranges to establish desired alignment requirements for many fuel doors in cars and trucks produced on a given assembly line. 
     The improved fuel door positioning bumper and stop member in a unitary or one piece molded unit from elastomer or other suitable resilient material. The member mounts directly to the recessed mounting assembly and is readily accessible when the fuel door is opened for manual turning by an assembler or technician to establish different positions of the fuel fill door&#39;s free edge for thus establishing a desired flush condition with respect to the surrounding body work panel. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     These and other features objects advantages and features will become more apparent from the following detailed description and drawings in which: 
     FIG. 1 is a side view of the rear quarter panel of an automotive vehicle; and 
     FIG. 2 is a cross sectional top view of a portion of FIG. 1 taken generally along sight lines  2 — 2  in FIG. 1; and 
     FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the subject bumper and positioner member for the vehicle&#39;s fuel fill access door shown in FIG. 2; and 
     FIG. 4 is a side view of the subject bumper and positioner member of FIG. 3; and 
     FIG. 5 is an end view of the bumper and positioner member of FIGS. 3 and 4 taken generally along sight lines  5 — 5  in FIG. 4; and 
     FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a portion of the access door of FIGS. 1 and 2 and a portion of an associated locking rod or bolt for the door. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     Turning now in greater detail to FIGS. 1 and 2, an exterior surface portion of an automotive vehicle  10  is illustrated. Particularly, a rear quarter panel  12  is shown supporting a generally circular opening  14  therethrough for access to a fuel filler housing assembly  16 . The housing assembly  16  is operatively mounted behind the rear quarter panel  12  and is securely attached thereto in operative alignment with the access opening  14 . One purpose of the housing assembly is for catching fuel spills. The housing assembly  16  includes an external fuel fill door  18  for covering the opening  14  when closed and for access to the fuel filler when opened. Door  18  is pivotally mounted to the housing  16  by an internal hinge member  20  and an associated over-center spring arrangement (not shown). This allows the door  18  to pivot about the axis of a fixed pivot pin  21  between its opened and closed positions with respect to the quarter panel  12 . The housing assembly  16  may be made of any suitable material such sheet metal or a high density plastic material that effectively supports the outer end portion of a gas tank filler tube  22  and its associated removable cap member  24 . Note that the housing assembly  16  defines a recessed space for hiding the filler tube  22  and cap member  24 . 
     In the illustrated embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1, the fuel door  18  is circular and comprises a flat outer panel  30  whose show surface  32  is aligned with the outer or show surface  34  of the surrounding quarter panel  12 . In addition to the outer panel  30 , door  18  comprises an interior-reinforcing panel  36  to which the end potion  20 ′ of the hinge member  20  is attached. The mid portion of the inner panel  36  is spaced from the outer panel as shown in FIG. 2 by offset peripheral edge portion  38 . Edge portion  38  is captured by a clinched over peripheral portion  40  of the of the outer panel  30  to create a generally circular hem flange  42 . At a predetermined point opposite the hinge attachment portion  20 ′, the free or outboard edge portion of the reinforcing panel  36  has an integral and extended tab portion  44  one part of which terminates in an inwardly extending apertured keeper end portion  46  for a latching arrangement best seen in FIG.  6  and described in more detail herein after. 
     A second end part of the tab portion  44  terminates in a contact tab  48  which extends generally at a right angle with respect to the keeper end portion  46 . The contact tab end portion  48  is adapted to contact an annular outer surface or positioning shoulder  50  of an adjustable door positioning bumper and stop member  52 . The bumper and stop member  52  preferably has a generally cylindrical configuration and is molded into a one-piece member from a suitable elastomeric material. Preferably, it has sufficient resilience to cushion impacts as the door  18  is closed. The bumper and stop member  52  is treadably mounted to the housing assembly  16  so that it can be adjusted or indexed to a variety of fixed settings or stop positions within the housing which establish the positioning of the free edge of door  18  when it is closed. 
     The bumper and stop member  52  has at one end a generally conical head portion  56  and an integral necked down portion  58  which are disposed about a center axis C- 1  as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. Neck portion  58  integrally connects with a substantially cylindrical body portion  60  which has a central axis C- 2  that is offset a predetermined distance from the center axis C- 1  of the head and neck portions  56 ,  58 . This forms an eccentric arrangement as best illustrated in FIG. 5 where the offset of the body portion  60  with respect to the head and neck portions is clearly visible. 
     The bumper and stop member&#39;s shoulder  50  is an axial extension formed at the end of the body portion  60 . As best shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the shoulder  50  is formed with a plurality of radially outwardly and axially extending small rib formations  66  that can be spaced equally from one another. These ribs  66  are adapted to contact the side surfaces or edges  68 ,  70  of the tab portion  48  to inhibit unwanted rotation of the bumper and stop member  52  once set in a desired orientation. Preferably, the tab portion is formed with an interior curved or arced surface to match the curvature of the contact shoulder  50  as best seen in FIG.  5 . This curvature optimizes the cushioning effect of the closing door thereagainst and would decrease wear. 
     FIGS. 2 and 4 illustrate the mounting of the bumper and stop member  52  to the housing assembly  16  and within the recess formed by it. A side wall  72  of the housing assembly has an annular opening  74  formed therein. Opening  74  has a diameter of sufficient dimension to allow the head portion  56  of the bumper and stop member  52  to be resiliently deformed and pushed therethrough until the neck portion  58  is nested in the opening. During insertion, the elastomer material can readily bulge into a centralized passage  75  to facilitate insertion. When the attachment head subsequently clears the opening, it recovers to its original shape to trap the wall  72  between the head portion  56  and the body portion  60 . The fit of the member  52  against wall  72  and about opening  74  is sufficient to maintain the member  52  in a set position. With the door  18  in its opened position, a turning force can be manually applied to the bumper and stop member  52  to rotate it so as to change the relative position between the door&#39;s tab portion  48  and the surface  50  when the door is closed. 
     In the installed position, the door adjusting bumper and stop member  52  is operatively mounted within the housing assembly and serves to positioning the door  18  relative to the vehicle&#39;s quarter panel  12  to provide a desired surface alignment. 
     Referring to FIG. 5, a spacing or lift L- 1  is created by the eccentrically disposed shoulder surface  50  of the bumper and stop member  52 . If the door is closed and the position of the shoulder is insufficient to effect a desired surface alignment between the fuel door and the quarter panel and a greater lift such as lift L - 2  is necessary, an assembler or technician can reopen the door and easily manually turn the bumper and stop member  52  until the desired lift is attained aligned. If closing of the door reveals that the L- 2  lift position a less than or more than desired for surface alignment, the door is again opened and the bumper and stop member  52  is again manually turned until the appropriate lift is attained for a desired surface alignment. The various lift positions can be marked with visual indicia on the outer end portion of the bumper for the assembler to indicate the amount of lift there is for each adjusted position. 
     As mounted, the bumper and stop member has sufficient strength and durability to withstand the cycling of many door closures over the life of the vehicle. If the bumper and stop member  52  somehow becomes unable to perform its function, the old member can be readily removed and replaced by a new member. 
     If a fuel door locking arrangement is desired, a selectively activated lock/unlock device can be provided which includes an elongated locking pin or bolt  80 . The lock/unlock device is mounted adjacent the free end portion of the door  18  and its elongated bolt  80  is movable in an axial direction in response to activation of a solenoid powered actuator  82 . When the door  18  is in a locked condition, the bolt  80  extends from the actuator  82 , through central opening  75  in the bumper and stop member  52 , and then through opening  84  formed in keeper tab  46  of the door&#39;s inner panel  36 . When an open door  18  is closed, the keeper tab portion first engages the end of the locking bolt  80  which retracts into the actuator  82  against an internal spring (not visible). After the end of the bolt  80  is aligned with the opening  84  in the keeper tab  46 , the force of the internal spring moves the bolt  80  through the opening  84 . Accordingly, the door  18  is locked in position. Latter when the solenoid is energized, the locking bolt  80  is retracted into the actuator and away from the tab portion  46  to allow the door to be swung to an open position for access to the fuel cap  24 . With this locking arrangement, space is effectively utilized and the stability of the bumper  52  is enhanced by the locking bolt. 
     This invention is not to be limited to the details of construction and methods shown and described for purposes of illustrating the invention for other modifications and methods falling within the scope of the appended claims will now occur to those skilled in the art. The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property of privilege are defined as follows.