Abstract:
An electronic device for recording a woman&#39;s menstrual cycle, recalling each recorded cycle and updating each cycle with respect to normal and abnormal menstrual flow; a frequency button is provided to record the average number of days between periods; a projection button is provided to project future period dates and is used in combination with an override button which recalls the number of days between periods and is usable to customize future period projection dates to an individual user&#39;s natural health response by setting and entering a new override value; an exam button is included to set and store breast and Papanicolaou, cervicovaginal or PAP smear exam dates and a reminder message is displayed for five seconds when the device is turned on once the stored exam dates are within two months of termination.

Description:
Applicants claim the benefit of Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/260,652 filed on Jan. 11, 2001. 

   The present invention relates to a compact electronic device for keeping an accurate account of a woman&#39;s menstrual cycle with means for storing, recalling, updating, monitoring, projecting and customizing cycle and other health-related dates. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   Monitoring a menstrual cycle is of utmost importance to women for obvious reasons. Monitoring one&#39;s menstrual cycle is an alternative form of contraception. Due to the present rise in the cost of living, proliferation is not a viable option. An abnormal or heavy cycle is usually a sign of a health problem. Spotting, on the other hand, is normally seen as a sign of the beginning of a cycle, the end of a cycle, or the sign of a pregnancy, among other things. 
   In this respect, women, especially young girls, have a need for a simple device whereby they can recall their period dates, update their period flow rate and recall their period data in a flash. Moreover, a projected period date can be used as a guide as to when one needs to carry protective pad means in anticipation of a period to avoid a disappointing or an embarrassing outcome. 
   The patent to Lynn, U.S. Pat. No. 5,606,535 shows one of many ways to monitor a woman&#39;s menstrual cycle. The electronic device or chronometer has means for displaying menstrual, ovulation and menopausal cycles. This device differs from the present invention in one of many ways because it does not have means for updating a woman&#39;s abnormal flow rate cycle for later recall; this recall could be of utmost importance to a gynecologist in determining whether there is a minor gynecological problem or a major problem in the interior of the woman&#39;s body such as a uterine tumor. Moreover, the chronometer device does not display means for customizing the device to an individual&#39;s chronologically abnormal cycle projection. Additionally, there is no provision for recording PAP (named for Dr. Papanicolaou and herein shall mean cervicovaginal smear or PAP smear) and breast exam dates with automatic reminder message display, at start up, when the recorded dates are within sixty days of termination. 
   The patent to Dowdle, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,777,905 shows an electronic calculator structured to accept data relating to the last menstrual period, conception date, estimated date of confinement, reference date (defaulted to the date of entry) and estimated gestational development, noting particularly the emphasis placed on fetal development and birth. This invention is set such that the entrance into the calculator of any one or more variables of the five listed above, the calculator automatically calculates the remaining four or fewer variables, respectively. 
   The present invention does not employ the calculation of variables by the application of one or two other variables as described by Dowdles et. al. The present invention further differs in providing means for setting exam dates far in advance for pap PAP and breast with an included reminder message displayed when the device is activated within sixty days of the termination date; further, the present device includes key means for customization of projected menstrual dates according to an individual&#39;s health response. The present invention is customized with a recall key to recall menstrual periods stored in the system of the device; moreover, in the present invention, the recorded periods are recalled and augmented with a flow-rate pattern such as light, normal or heavy and stored for later recall with a more meaningful gynecological record for the evaluation of a woman&#39;s health. 
   The patent to Jackson, U.S. Pat. No. 5,836,890 shows a compact fertility predictor with stored instructional sequences with means to calculate chances of pregnancy. The patent to Thabet et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,310,994 shows a fertility period calculator which operates with two rotatable disk. 
   While the present invention does not emphasize fertility calculation or prediction, certain stored information such as spottiong could be used in that sense. The present invention stores and recalls information that is considered to be more meaningful to a medical practitioner as a medical evaluation tool. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention is a compact digital controller with real-time clock with battery back-up, non-volatile memory, computer interface, keypad interface, display driver and power supply therefore, two-line display and an especially designed key pad including: ten numeric keys and various function keys or buttons including a set-clock key, on/off and enter keys; a period recall key and three period update keys (light, normal and heavy); a frequency key, a projection and an override key; spotting, spotting recall, exam and clear keys or buttons. 
   It is an object of the present invention to provide women from approximately age thirteen through menopause, with a tool for keeping an accurate record of their monthly menstrual cycle in addition to other areas of health maintenance, such as, to record, recall and update each monthly period flow as to light, heavy or normal at the activation of specific keys provided on the key pad. A projection key or button is provided to display eleven additional period dates after the first date. 
   It is an object of the present invention to provide an override variable to customize future projections in response to variations in a woman&#39;s cycle without turning the device off and on again to initialize the system. 
   It is a further object of the present invention to provide a specific function key to record spotting dates and a spotting recall function key to scroll through recalls up to three hundred and sixty-five. 
   A further object is to provide an exam function key for storing or rewriting and recalling alternately PAP exam and breast exam dates; and, further providing a five-second reminder message display of each date at the initial activation of the device within sixty day of the termination of said exam dates. 
   It is yet a further object of the invention to provide a compact storable gynecological device provided with an operational electronic system that is simplistic in operation and structure, capable of downloading into the user&#39;s personal computer, with convenient display and operational button means specific to the needs of women from about thirteen or younger to menopause. 

   
     DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING 
       FIG. 1  is a top plan view of the present invention in an open position. 
       FIG. 2A  is a side elevational view of the invention of  FIG. 1   
       FIG. 2B  is a side view of the present invention in a closed position. 
       FIG. 2C  is a botton view of the invention of  FIG. 2B . 
       FIG. 3  is a block diagram of the operation of the present invention. 
       FIGS. 4A–H  are flow charts of the program for the microcontroller of  FIG. 3 . 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention “Nature&#39;s Friend” is a gynecological device having an electronic system designed to be user friendly for women, while not limited thereto, from approximately thirteen or younger to menopause, to monitor and spot gynecological problems from flow rate information recorded and stored for recall in the device. The present invention has the appearance of a hand-held calculator; however, it should be understood that the function of the present invention incorporates technology with the recording of a female user&#39;s menstrual cycle information augmented with specific flow rates which are considered vital to a medical practitioner for an on-the-spot or further test evaluation of the user&#39;s health problems. The present invention is better understood by reference to the various figures of the drawings. 
     FIG. 1  shows a hand-held device  1  in an opened position comprising a housing consisting of upper and lower plastic closure members  2  and  3  cover and base), respectively, of any desired rigidity within the range of soft to hard and rigid connected by hinge member  4 ; each portion of said housing, lower and upper, has proximal and distal ends. The proximal ends are attached by said hinge means  4 . Said hinge means is constructed and arranged to provide a housing for batteries to power the device. Upper housing portion, cover  2 , is provided with a mirror  5  in an interior portion thereof. The distal end of upper housing portion  2  is provided with clip  6  for mechanical communication with locking means  7  arranged at the distal end of said lower housing portion, base  3 . 
   Base  3  is provided with a two-line Liquid Crystal display (LCD)  13 ; moreover, function keys and Arabic, numeric keys  26  are also provided there below. Said LCD is initialized to display month day and year (mm/dd/yy) on a first line and time on a second, lower line. Numeric Keys  26  are used to enter all numerical information including dates of menstrual cycle in the mm/dd/yy mode. Clock set key  25  is used to set or adjust the date and time of real-time clock  32  with the numeric keys and the inputted information is entered by activating the enter key  28 , when it is correct. Clear key  27  is used when numeric information is entered incorrectly. 
   When set clock key  25  is depressed once by a user, dispay  13  prompts the user, by flashing, to enter a date (mm/dd/yy) on the first line of the two-line display; when the button is depressed a seond time, the system prompts the user to enter time on the second line of the two-line display. 
   The device has a period key  14 ; this key is used, with numeric keys, to record the date of a woman&#39;s period each month. Period dates, up to 12, are stored in non-volatile memory  33  and can be recalled therefrom. Each period date is recalled by pressing recall key  15 ; once a period dated is recalled, the display is augmented, by selection, with the period flow rate for the date recalled. This is accomplished through the utilization of flow rate keys  22 ,  23  and  24 . 
   Spotting is not a common gynecological problem with women. However, spotting button  20  is provided on the device to record spotting occurrences. Spotting dates up to 365 are stored in non-volatile memory  33  and can be recalled; moreover, recall button  21  is provided for spotting occurences so that a woman can use the device to check the frequency of said spotting occurences. Because each woman has a body that functions differently, a frequency button is provided to ascertain the number of days between a user&#39;s cycle information. Once several period dates have been entered into the system of the device, the activation of frequency button  17  yields two frequency types. When the frequency button is activated once, the device will exhibit on display screen  13  the number of days between the last two period recall dates entered into the system of the device; if button  17  is activated a second time, the system of the device will display on screen  13  the average number of days between all stored recall period dates entered into the system of the device. Since it is the desire of every woman to have a device that is both user friendly and user specific, device  1  is provided with an override function key  19  to make internal cycle calculations user specific. The activation of key  19  yields a default value of 28 days on LCD display screen  13 . 
   To make the device user specific at this point, the user will select a new override number between fifteen and thirty-five (15 and 35) which is specific to her cycle; this new override number is ascertainable in reference to the frequency calculated from the total number of at least three recall period dates entered into the system of the device. 
   Examination key  16  is used to input a PAP exam date and a breast exam date; the exam dates are displayed alternately with subsequent key operations once these dates are entered; these values are initialized to a fixed pre-determined value each time power key  12  is pressed and the device is energized. The exam dates can be changed by the operation of exam key  16  and numeric keys  26  to enter a new date to be displayed; moreover, the system checks for exam dates. When exam dates are within sixty days of scheduled time date wise, the system is programmed to display a reminder message for each scheduled appointment for a period of five seconds and then the date and time from the real time clock is displayed. 
   A projection key is provided on the device to give a user the ability to determine future period dates from the user&#39;s specific period dates entered into the device. 
   Clear key  27  is used to cancel information set for entry into the system when there is an error in the information. 
   Enter key  28  allows the user to store information into the system. 
   Reset key  8  is provided to allow the user to remove previously stored information and initialize all variables to default values. See reset key  8  adjacent battery compartment  9 , back-up battery comparment  10  and cover  11  in  FIG. 2C . Open and closed side views of housing  1  (consisting of upper and lower closure members, cover  2  and base  3 ) are shown in  FIGS. 2A and 2B , respectively. 
     FIG. 3  shows operational system  29  for the device. The device is turned on by switch  12 ; power supply  31  signals programmable micro-controller  30  for operation. As shown in  FIG. 3 , Power Supply  31  powers all the components shown; however, real-time clock  32  is further provided with back-up battery  35  to maintain the operation of clock  32  when the system is turned off or loses power. 
   During the initial power activation, a software initialization occurs that initializes internal variables and updates 2-line LCD display  37 . During the initialization, real-time clock  32  (with battery back-up  35 ) displays the current date (mm/dd/yy) on 2-line display  37  via driver  36 . The display can be changed in response to an input from key pad  38  via user interface  39 . 
   Internal variables are separated into two groups as follows: Group  1  and Group  2 . 
   When system  29  of the device is turned on by switch  12 , group  1  variables, namely, the recall of stored period and stored spotting dates, mode of displayed information, exam dates (PAP or breast type), frequency type (either the number of days between the last two period dates or the average number of days between all stored period dates) and the count of a month or months projected from the current month, up to twelve, are initialized to a fixed pre-determined value. 
   The variables are changed by the user through the operation of numeric keys on keypad  38  via user interface  39 . However, Group  2  variables such as the period count, (stored period dates up to 12), the spotting count, (currently stored spotting dates up to 365) and the override are initialed to previous values that are retrieved from non-volitile memory  33  and are changed according to signals inputted by the user via keypad  38 . 
     FIGS. 4A–4H  show the operation of the device via a software flowchart. 
   Software Flowchart 
   On/off key  12  turns battery power on and off to the device. 
   When the device is powered on, a software initializaiton routine occurs that initializes internal variables and updates the information that is displayed on the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). When the device is powered OFF, internal operation is stopped and the LCD becomes blank. The internal vaiables are separated into two groups: Group  1  variables are initialized to a fixed pre-determined value each time power is turned ON and changed according to subsequent button entries. Group  2  variables are initialized to a previous value that is retrieved from non-volatile memory within the device and changed according to subsequent button entries. 
   Group  1  variables include the following:
     Recall — Index — P-Index Pointer to Array of Stored Period Dates.   Recall — Index S-Index Pointer to Array of Stored Spotting Dates.   Dispay Mode-Indicates Mode of displayed information.   Exam — Type — Indicates either PAP or breast type.   Frequency-Type Indicates either last two dates or average of all dates.   Projection Cnt Count of month projected from current month, up to 12.   

   Group  2  variables include the following:
     Period — Cnt — Count of currently Stored Period Dates, up to 12.   Spot — Cnt—Count of currently Stored Spotting Dates, up to 365.   Override-The number of days between periods.   

   The information displayed on the LCD is initialized to the current Date and Time after an initial check is made for approaching exam dates. If no exam dates are scheduled, then date and time information is retrieved from the real-time-clock module and displayed; then a reminder message is displayed for each scheduled PAP or breast exam date appointment for 5 seconds before displaying the current date and time again. When an exam is scheduled and entered into the system, a reminder message for the specific exam date entered will not reappear for 302 days. The system will routinely display date and time. The device continually polls the keypad interface hardware waiting for any keypad key to be pressed. 
   Period key  14  prompts the user to enter new Period Information. When the Period key is pressed, a message prompting the user to enter a date is displayed on the LCD. The Display Mode variable is set equal to 1 to indicate that the date will be entered in a mm-dd-yy format. The Numeric keys are used for date entry. If the date entry is followed by the Enter buttion, the information is stored by the device and the Period — Cnt variable is incremented by one to maintain a current count of Period dates within the array. If the date entry is followed by the Clear key, the information is ignored and not stored by the device. 
   Period Recall key  15  scrolls through the array of stored Period Dates. When the Period Recall key is pressed, stored Period Dates are retrieved and displayed. The first Period date displayed is the current Period date and allows for updating of the flow information (Light, Normal or Heavy), The Display Mode variable is set equal to 2. Subsequent presses of the Period Recall key will scroll through the array until the maximum count of Period — Cnt is reached. The Display — Mode variable is set equal to 3. 
   Exam key  16  scrolls through the two stored exam dates. When the Exam key is pressed, stored Exam Dates are retrieved and displayed. The Display — Mode variable is set equal to 4. The first Exam type to be displayed is PAP Exam Type=0. The second Exam type to be displayed is Breast with Exam-Type=1. The Exam types are displayed alternately with subsequent button presses. 
   New Exam dates can be entered to overwrite the displayed date as required. If the date entry is followed by the Enter key, the information is stored by the device. If the date entry is followed by the Clear key, the information is ignored and not stored by the device. 
   Frequency key  17  displays the number of days between the last two periods or the average number of days between all stored Period dates. When the Frequency key is pressed, the number of days between periods is calculated. The Display — Mode variable is set equal to 5. The first Frequency type to be displayed is the calculated number of days between the current Period date and the last Period date with Frequency — Type=0. The second Frequency type to be displayed is the calculated average number of days between all stored Period dates with Frequency-Type=1. The Frequency types are displayed alternately with subsequent button presses. 
   Projection key  18  displays future Period dates relative to the current Period date. 
   When the Projection key is pressed, a future Period date is calculated relative to the current period date. The Display — Mode variable is set to equal 6. The projected future date is calculated relative to the current period date and the value stored by(as) the Override variable multiplied by the Projection — Cnt variable. Subsequent key presses display up to 12 future Period dates. 
   Override key  19  displays the number of days between periods. This value is used when calculating projection dates and is customizable to the individual user. When the Override key is pressed, the current value is retrieved and displayed. The Display-Mode variable is set equal to 7. A new Override value can be entered to overwrite the displayed value allowing customization for the individual user. If the value entry is followed by the Enter key, the information is stored by the device. If the value entry is followed by the Clear key, the information is ignored and not stored by the device. 
   Spotting key  20  prompts the user to enter new Spotting information. When the Spotting key is pressed, a message prompting the user to enter a date is displayed on the LCD. The Display — Mode variable is set equal to 8 to indicate that the date will entered as mm-dd-yy format. The Numeric keys are used for date entry. If the date entry is followed by the Enter key, the information is stored by the device and the Spot — Cnt variable is incremented by one to maintain a current count of Spotting dates within the array. If the date entry is followed by the Clear key, the information is ignored and not stored by the device. 
   Spotting Recall key  21  scrools through an array of stored Spotting Dates. When Spotting Recall key is pressed, stored Spotting Dates are retrieved and displayed. The Display — Mode variable is set equal to 9. Subsequent presses of the Spotting Recall key will scroll through the array until the maximum count of Spot — Cnt 365 is reached. 
   Light key  22  adds a flow parameter indicator to the current Period date display. When the Light key is pressed and Display — Mode=2, and “L” indicator is added to the Period display message. If the indicator entry is followed by the Enter key, the information is stored by the device. If the indicator entry is followed by the Clear key, the information is ignored and not stored by the device. 
   Normal key  23  adds a flow parameter indicator to the current Period date display. 
   When the Normal key is pressed and the Display-Mode- 2 , a “N” indicatior is added to the Period display message. If the indicator entry is followed by the Enter key, the information is stored by the device. If the indicator entry is followed by the Clear key, the information is ignored and not stored by the device. 
   Heavy key  24  adds a flow parameter indicator to the current Period date display. When the Heavy button is pressed and the Display-Mode=2, an “H” indicator is added to the Period display message. If indicator entry is followed by the Enter key, the information is stored by the device. If the indicator entry is followed by the Clear key, the information is ignored and not stored by the device. 
   Set clock key  25  allows the user to set or adjust the date and time of the real-time clock. When the Set Clock key is pressed, a message prompting the user to enter the date and time is displayed on the LCD. The Display — Mode variable is set equal to  10 . Numeric keys are used for date and time entry. If the date and time entry is followed by the Enter key, the information is stored by the device. If the date and time entry is followed by the Clear key, the information is ignored and not stored by the device. 
   Numeric keys  26  allow the user to enter numeric data for those display modes that require them. When any of the Numeric keys are pressed, the Display — Mode variable is checked to determine if numeric data is required. 
   Numeric data is required for the following five display modes:
         Display — Mode=1: Period Date Entry;   Display — Mode=4: Exam Date Entry;   Display — Mode=7: Override Value Entry;   Display — Mode=8: Spotting Date Entry;   Display — Mode=10: Set Clock Date and Time Entry.       

   If the numeric entry is followed by the Enter key, the information is stored by the device. If the numeric entry is followed by the Clear key, the information is ignored and not stored by the device. 
   Clear key  27  allows the user to canel information being entered in the event of an error. When the Clear key is pressed, newly entered information is canceled and the display returns to current date and time display. 
   Enter key  28  allows the user to store information that is being entered via the keypad. 
   When the Enter key is pressed, newly entered information is stored and the display returns to current date and time display. 
   The device is provided with a recessed reset button  8 . See  FIG. 2C . 
   The Reset button allows the user to remove all previously stored information. When the Reset button is pressed, all variables are initialized to default values. The structure set forth is not considered limited by the disclosure supra. The structure as well as the electronic capabilities of the presently disclosed invention may be modified. Such modification included within the device is a RS232 port which enables the user on demand to have said aforementioned information printed on paper. The transferring and transporting of the device&#39;s information interfaced with user&#39;s personal computer via the RS232 port allows one such modification to occur. Other modifications could be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit, scope and intent of the invention to meet demands and special applications. 
   This invention is limited only by the following claims.