Abstract:
The welded material manufacturing method includes preparing a welding jig, disposed to straddle a line extended from the abutment line of the abutting parts of two plates and supporting an end tab, and in which a groove and an open section are formed; disposing the plates to abut against each other; disposing the welding jig on an end of the abutment line; setting an end tab on the welding jig and positioning the end tab with respect to the plates; disposing the first shoulder and a probe connected to the first shoulder on the groove side of the extension line; disposing a second shoulder in a position corresponding to the first shoulder and the probe; connecting the second shoulder to the probe to interpose the end tab between the first shoulder and the second shoulder; and executing the friction stir welding.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0001]    The present invention relates to a welded material manufacturing method which welds members with the members abutting each other, and a welding jig which is used in the method. 
       BACKGROUND ART 
       [0002]    As one of methods of welding a workpiece composed of two members, friction stir welding is known. Friction stir welding is a welding method of welding a workpiece by frictional heat generated on the surface of the workpiece by rotating a tool in a state of pressing an abutting portion of the workpiece on a shoulder surface of the tool. 
         [0003]    Incidentally, in such friction stir welding, a tool called a bobbin tool is sometimes used. In the bobbin tool type tool, a front surface-side shoulder having one shoulder surface is disposed on the front surface side of a workpiece, a back surface-side shoulder having one shoulder surface facing the other shoulder surface is disposed on the back surface side of the workpiece, and these two shoulders are connected by a probe penetrating the workpiece. In this way, the friction stir welding of the workpiece is performed by generating frictional heat by interposing and pressing the front surface and the back surface of the workpiece between the shoulder surfaces of the two shoulders, and stirring the workpiece by the probe. 
         [0004]    In such friction stir welding, in order to prevent the occurrence of a welding defect at a welding starting position and a welding ending position, a technique is used in which an end tab is disposed at an end portion of an abutting portion of the workpiece and the welding starting position and the welding ending position are set on the end tab. 
         [0005]    Here, PTL 1 discloses a technique in which such an end tab is provided and friction stir welding is performed by a bobbin tool. Further, PTL 2 discloses a jig which holds an end tab (a tab plate). 
       CITATION LIST 
     Patent Literature 
       [0006]    [PTL 1 ] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2004-243375 
         [0007]    [PTL 2] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2008-302421 
       SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     Technical Problem 
       [0008]    However, in PTL 1, although there is a description of fixing the end tab by using a jig, a specific fixing method is not clearly stated therein. In addition, the jig of PTL 2 is not intended to be applied to friction stir welding using a bobbin tool. 
         [0009]    The present invention provides a welded material manufacturing method of manufacturing a welded material by easily and reliably fixing an end tab and performing friction stir welding by using a bobbin tool, and a welding jig which is used in welding. 
       Solution to Problem 
       [0010]    According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a welded material manufacturing method of performing friction stir welding with abutting portions of plate materials interposed between a first shoulder and a second shoulder, the method including: a process of preparing a welding jig which is disposed so as to straddle a line extended from an abutment line of the abutting portions and supports an end tab from a position intersecting with the extended line and in which a groove portion which is disposed along the extended line and through which the first shoulder can pass and an open portion facing the groove portion are formed; a process of disposing the plate materials so as to abut each other; a process of disposing the welding jig at an end portion of the abutment line; a process of installing the end tab on the jig and aligning the end tab with respect to the plate materials; a process of disposing the first shoulder and a probe connected to the first shoulder at a position that is on the groove portion side with respect to the extended line; a process of disposing the second shoulder at a position corresponding to the first shoulder and the probe; a process of connecting the second shoulder and the probe so as to interpose the end tab between the first shoulder and the second shoulder; and a process of executing the friction stir welding. 
         [0011]    According to such a welded material manufacturing method, it is possible to support the end tab on the line extended from the abutment line of the plate materials by the welding jig. For this reason, friction stir welding using the end tab becomes possible without performing the welding and mounting or the like of the end tab on the plate material. 
         [0012]    In addition, in the welding jig, the groove portion is formed along the line extended from the abutment line such that the first shoulder and the probe can pass therethrough. For this reason, even when performing the friction stir welding along the abutment line and the extended line in a state where the first shoulder and the second shoulder are connected by the probe, that is, when performing welding by using a bobbin tool, it becomes possible for the first shoulder to pass through the groove portion with the progress of welding. Accordingly, it is possible to reliably execute the friction stir welding of the plate materials even by the bobbin tool. 
         [0013]    Further, since the open portion facing the groove portion is formed in the welding jig, when connecting the probe to the second shoulder, it is possible to visually confirm a connection situation of whether the connection has been reliably made. 
         [0014]    Further, in a welded material manufacturing method according to a second aspect of the present invention, as the welding jig in the first aspect described above, a welding jig in which the open portion has a first open portion penetrating coaxially with the first shoulder and the probe in a direction in which the first shoulder and the second shoulder come close to each other and are separated from each other may be used. 
         [0015]    In this manner, the open portion has the first open portion penetrating in the direction in which the first shoulder and the second shoulder come close to each other and are separated from each other, that is, in a direction orthogonal to a welding direction, whereby it is possible to insert a tool through the first open portion and connect the probe and the second shoulder, and therefore, it is possible to easily perform connection work. 
         [0016]    Further, in a welded material manufacturing method according to a third aspect of the present invention, as the welding jig in the second aspect described above, a welding jig in which the first open portion has an outer diameter greater than an outer diameter of the first shoulder may be used. 
         [0017]    Due to such a first open portion, it is possible to connect the first shoulder and the probe to the second shoulder through the first open portion, and therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide an opening for assembling the first shoulder and the second shoulder. Accordingly, friction stir welding using the end tab and the bobbin tool becomes possible with the manufacturing cost of the jig reduced. 
         [0018]    Further, in a welded material manufacturing method according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, as the welding jig in the first to third aspects described above, a welding jig in which the open portion has a second open portion penetrating in a direction orthogonal to a direction in which the first shoulder and the second shoulder come close to each other and are separated from each other and facing a connection portion between the first shoulder and the probe may be used. 
         [0019]    In this manner, the open portion has the second open portion, whereby it is possible to easily visually observe the connection portion between the first shoulder and the probe, and therefore, it is possible to execute the friction stir welding in a state where the first shoulder and the second shoulder are reliably assembled to each other. Accordingly, since reliable welding becomes possible, it leads to improvement in the quality of the welded material. 
         [0020]    Further, in a welded material manufacturing method according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, as the welding jig in the fourth aspect described above, a welding jig in which an opening dimension of the second open portion in a direction in which the first shoulder and the second shoulder come close to each other and are separated from each other has a size in which the first shoulder is accommodated in the second open portion in a state where the second shoulder is connected to the probe may be used. 
         [0021]    Due to such a second open portion, when connecting the probe to the second shoulder, thereby assembling the first shoulder and the second shoulder, the entire first shoulder can be visually observed, and therefore, it is possible to execute the friction stir welding in a state where the first shoulder and the second shoulder are more reliably assembled to each other. In addition, at the time of assembling, it also becomes possible to access the first shoulder from a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the first shoulder and the second shoulder come close to each other and are separated from each other, that is, from a radial direction of the first shoulder, and thus it is possible to connect the probe and the second shoulder by inserting a tool into the second open portion, and therefore, it is possible to more easily perform work of assembling the first shoulder and the second shoulder. 
         [0022]    Further, according to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a welding jig which is used when friction stir welding is performed with abutting portions of plate materials interposed between a first shoulder and a second shoulder, wherein the welding jig is disposed so as to straddle a line extended from an abutment line of the abutting portions and supports an end tab from a position intersecting with the extended line, and a groove portion which is disposed along the extended line and an open portion facing the groove portion are formed in the welding jig. 
         [0023]    Due to such a welding jig, friction stir welding using the end tab becomes possible without performing the welding and mounting or the like of the end tab on the plate material. In addition, when connecting the first shoulder and the second shoulder by the probe and performing the friction stir welding, it becomes possible for the first shoulder to pass through the groove portion with the progress of welding, and therefore, it is possible to reliably execute the friction stir welding of the plate materials by the bobbin tool. Further, when connecting the probe to the second shoulder, it is possible to perform work while visually observing a connection situation through the open portion. 
       ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION 
       [0024]    According to the welded material manufacturing method and the welding jig related to the present invention, it becomes possible to manufacture a welded material by easily and reliably fixing the end tab and performing friction stir welding by using the bobbin tool. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         [0025]      FIG. 1  is a front view showing a friction stir welding device which is used in a welded material manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0026]      FIG. 2  is related to the friction stir welding device which is used in the welded material manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention and is a front view showing a rotating tool in an enlarged manner. 
           [0027]      FIG. 3  is a perspective view showing a welded material which is manufactured by the welded material manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0028]      FIG. 4A  is a top view showing a welding jig which is used in the welded material manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0029]      FIG. 4B  is a side view showing the welding jig which is used in the welded material manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention and shows a cross section along a line A - A of  FIG. 4A . 
           [0030]      FIG. 5  is a flow diagram showing the procedure of the welded material manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0031]      FIG. 6  is a perspective view showing a state before welding in which the welding jig which is used in the welded material manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention is set. 
           [0032]      FIG. 7  is a perspective view showing a state during welding in which the welding jig which is used in the welded material manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention is set. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
       [0033]    Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing a welded material W and a welding jig  1  according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. 
         [0034]    First, an example of a friction stir welding device  100  which is used in the method of manufacturing the welded material W, and the welded material W which is manufactured by friction stir welding will be described. 
         [0035]    As shown in  FIG. 1 , the friction stir welding device  100  is provided with a bed  101  serving as a foundation, a surface plate  102  placed on the bed  101 , a device main body  103  which has the form of a gate provided at the bed  101  so as to surround the surface plate  102 , and a working head  104  provided in the device main body  103 . 
         [0036]    The bed  101  has a plate shape and receives a reactive force at the time of the friction stir welding. 
         [0037]    In the surface plate  102 , the upper surface becomes a reference plane (an X-Y plane) in a Z-axis direction which is orthogonal to the bed  101 , and plate materials W 1  which are members to be welded are fixed to the upper surface in a state of abutting each other. 
         [0038]    The device main body  103  is formed in a gate shape by being erected upward on both sides in a right-left direction (a Y-axis direction) of the surface plate  102  in the bed  101  and then extending in the Y-axis direction above the surface plate  102 . Further, the device main body  103  is made so as to be able to move in an X-axis direction orthogonal to the Y-axis direction in a plane parallel to the surface plate  102 . 
         [0039]    The working head  104  is mounted on the device main body  103  above the surface plate  102 , then extends downward in the Z-axis direction, and is provided so as to be able to relatively move in the Y-axis direction with respect to the device main body  103 . Further, the working head  104  has a rotation mechanism  105  and is made so as to be able to rotate about a Z-axis. 
         [0040]    Then, a rotating tool  106  is fixed to a lower end portion of the working head  104 . 
         [0041]    As shown in  FIG. 2 , the rotating tool  106  has, with respect to abutting portions W 1   a  of the two plate materials W 1  abutting each other in the Y-axis direction, a lower shoulder  111  (a first shoulder) which is disposed below in the Z-axis direction, an upper shoulder  113  (a second shoulder) which is disposed above, and a probe  112  which connects the lower shoulder  111  and the upper shoulder  113 . 
         [0042]    The lower shoulder  111  has a cylindrical shape centered on an axis line parallel to the Z-axis direction, and an upper surface  111   b  comes into contact with the plate materials W 1  at the time of the friction stir welding. 
         [0043]    The probe  112  is a rod-shaped member which is connected to the lower shoulder  111  coaxially with the lower shoulder  111 , then extending upward in the Z-axis direction from the upper surface  111   b,  and has a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the lower shoulder  111 . Further, a male threaded portion  112   a  is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the probe  112  and disposed to penetrate the abutting portion W 1   a  in the Z-axis direction. 
         [0044]    The upper shoulder  113  is mounted on the rotation mechanism  105  of the working head  104  and has a substantially cylindrical shape provided coaxially with the lower shoulder  111  and the probe  112 , and a lower surface  113   b  comes into contact with the plate materials W 1  at the time of the friction stir welding, and a female threaded portion  113   a  to which the male threaded portion  112   a  of the probe  112  is screwed is formed so as to be recessed in the Z-axis direction from the lower surface  113   b.    
         [0045]    That is, the rotating tool  106  becomes a bobbin tool in which the upper shoulder  113 , the probe  112 , and the lower shoulder  111  integrally rotate with the two plate materials W 1 , which are members to be welded, interposed therebetween in the Z-axis direction, thereby performing the friction stir welding. Accordingly, the Z-axis direction becomes a direction in which the upper shoulder  113  and the lower shoulder  111  come close to each other and are separated from each other. 
         [0046]    Here, the rotation mechanism  105  or the surface plate  102  is made so as to be able to move up and down in the Z-axis direction, and thus a relative position in the Z-axis direction between the plate materials W 1  fixed to the surface plate  102  and the rotating tool  106  can be adjusted. 
         [0047]    In addition, the friction stir welding device  100  in this embodiment is an example, and position adjustment in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction may be performed, for example, by fixing the rotating tool  106  so as to be unable to move in the X-Y plane and moving the surface plate  102  in the X-Y plane. 
         [0048]    As shown in  FIG. 3 , the welded material W is manufactured by causing the two plate materials W 1  to abut each other in the Y-axis direction and rotating the rotating tool  106  of the friction stir welding device  100 , thereby causing the periphery to perform plastic flow by frictional heat, and thus integrating the two plate materials W 1 . 
         [0049]    Next, the welding jig  1  which is used when welding is actually performed by the method of manufacturing the welded material W in this embodiment will be described. 
         [0050]    Hereinafter, a case will be described where the plate material W 1  which is a member to be welded is assumed to be a double-skin panel made of aluminum alloy, which is used in a vehicle of a track transportation system, a body structure of a railroad vehicle or the like, and an upper plate of the double-skin panel is welded. However, a simple plate material W 1  as shown in  FIGS. 1 to 3  can also be welded by the same technique. 
         [0051]    As shown in  FIGS. 4A ,  4 B,  6 , and  7 , the welding jig  1  has a rectangular parallelepiped shape extending in the X-axis direction in a state of performing the friction stir welding. 
         [0052]    Specifically, the welding jig  1  has a bottom plate  2  which is disposed in the X-Y plane at a lower portion in the Z-axis direction, a pair of side plates  3  which are provided at both end portions in the Y-axis direction of the bottom plate  2  and erected upward in the Z-axis direction, and an end portion side plate  4  which is provided at an end portion on one side in the X-axis direction of the bottom plate  2  and erected upward in the Z-axis direction, and has a symmetrical shape in the Y-axis direction with a center line L 2  parallel to an extended line L 1  as the boundary. 
         [0053]    The bottom plate  2  is supported by a screw jack  116  fixed to the surface plate  102  on the lower side in the Z-axis direction, and is made so as to be able to move up and down in the Z-axis direction. In addition, the screw jack  116  may be provided integrally with the bottom plate  2 , that is, the welding jig  1  itself may have an elevating function. 
         [0054]    In addition, in the bottom plate  2 , a first open portion H 1  which is a through-hole penetrating in the Z-axis direction is formed at a position between the end portion side plate  4  and the side plate  3 , on one side (a side separated from the plate material W 1 ) in the X-axis direction. The hole diameter of the first open portion H 1  is formed to be greater than the outer diameter of the lower shoulder  111 , and the axial center of the first open portion H 1  intersects perpendicularly to the center line L 2 . 
         [0055]    Further, the two side plates  3  form a space between them and the bottom plate  2 , and the space becomes a groove portion H extending in the X-axis direction. The dimension in the Y-axis direction of the groove portion H is greater than the outer diameter of the lower shoulder  111  as shown in  FIG. 4A , and thus the lower shoulder  111  is movable in the X-axis direction. 
         [0056]    The upper surface of the end portion side plate  4  is disposed on the same plane as the upper surfaces of the side plates  3  (on a plane parallel to the X-Y plane), and an end tab W 2  is provided to be placed on the end portion side plate  4  and the side plates  3 . Then, a space surrounded by the end tab W 2 , the end portion side plate  4 , the two side plates  3 , and the bottom plate  2  becomes a second open portion H 2 . 
         [0057]    Further, the dimensions in the Z-axis direction of the end portion side plate  4  and the side plates  3  are determined such that the entire lower shoulder  111  is accommodated in the second open portion H 2  in a state where the lower shoulder  111  is assembled to the upper shoulder  113  through the probe  112 , as shown in  FIG. 4B . 
         [0058]    Here, before the start of the friction stir welding, the lower shoulder  111  is assembled to the upper shoulder  113  in a state where the probe  112  extends downward in the Z-axis direction, and after the start of the friction stir welding, the probe  112  is drawn up by oil pressure, and thus the upper surface  111   b  of the lower shoulder  111  comes into contact with the end tab W 2 . Therefore, the dimension in the Z-axis direction of the second open portion H 2  is determined in consideration of a stroke amount of the probe  112 . 
         [0059]    In this way, the first open portion H 1 , the second open portion H 2 , and the groove portion H communicate with each other, that is, the first open portion H 1  and the second open portion H 2  become an open portion facing the groove portion H. 
         [0060]    Next, a process of manufacturing the welded material W by using the welding jig  1  will be described in detail with reference to  FIGS. 5 to 7 . 
         [0061]    First, a plate material preparation process S 1  is executed. That is, the plate materials W 1  are abutted with each other and fixed to the surface plate  102  of the friction stir welding device  100 . 
         [0062]    Next, a jig preparation process S 2  is executed. That is, the welding jig  1  manufactured separately is prepared. 
         [0063]    Next, a jig installation process S 3  is executed. That is, the welding jig  1  is disposed on the extended line L 1  of an abutment line L of the abutting portion W 1   a  of the upper plate in the two plate materials W 1  which are members to be welded, so as to straddle the extended line L 1  in the Y-axis direction, and provided in contact with or closely to the plate materials W 1  from the X-axis direction at an end portion of the abutment line L. 
         [0064]    Next, an end tab installation process S 4  is executed. That is, as shown in  FIG. 6 , installation and alignment of the end tab W 2  are performed. The end tab W 2  is installed at an upper portion in the Z-axis direction of the welding jig  1 , that is, the end tab W 2  is placed on the upper surfaces of the side plates  3  and the end portion side plate  4 , and height adjustment is performed by the screw jack  116  supporting the welding jig  1 , such that the end tab W 2  becomes flush with the plate materials W 1 . The end tab W 2  is a plate material having the same thickness dimension as the plate material W 1 . 
         [0065]    Further, along with the height adjustment, the end tab W 2  is fixed to be pressed against the welding jig  1  from above in the Z-axis direction so as not to interfere with the upper shoulder  113 , by clamps  115  fixed to the surface plate  102  on both sides in the Y-axis direction and one side in the X-axis direction. Further, the end tab W 2  is fixed to be pressed against the two plate materials W 1  from the X-axis direction. In this way, the welding jig  1  supports the end tab W 2  from below in the Z-axis direction intersecting the extended line L 1 . 
         [0066]    Further, a pilot hole W 2   a  penetrating in the Z-axis direction is formed at a midway position in the X-axis direction in the end tab W 2 . The pilot hole W 2   a  serves as a starting point of the friction stir welding, and a hole diameter has substantially the same dimension as the outer diameter of the probe  112 . 
         [0067]    Next, a rotating tool preparation process S 5  is executed. That is, the lower shoulder  111  and the probe  112  are disposed in the second open portion H 2  through the first open portion H 1  and the probe  112  is inserted into the pilot hole W 2   a  of the end tab W 2 . Further, the upper shoulder  113  is mounted on the rotation mechanism  105  of the friction stir welding device  100  and position adjustment is performed so as to be at a position corresponding to the probe  112 , that is, to be coaxial with the probe  112 . 
         [0068]    Next, a rotating tool installation process S 6  is executed. That is, the probe  112  and the upper shoulder  113  are connected by screwing the male threaded portion  112   a  of the probe  112  into the female threaded portion  113   a  of the upper shoulder  113 , and the lower surface  113   b  of the upper shoulder  113  is brought into contact with the end tab W 2 . Then, the probe  112  is pulled upward in the Z-axis direction with oil pressure by the friction stir welding device  100 , thereby bringing the upper surface of the lower shoulder  111  into contact with the end tab W 2 , whereby the end tab W 2  is interposed between the upper shoulder  113  and the lower shoulder  111  (refer to  FIG. 2 ). 
         [0069]    Finally, a friction stir welding process S 7  is executed. That is, the two plate materials W 1  are welded by advancing the rotating tool  106  in the X-axis direction while rotating the rotating tool  106  in a state where the end tab W 2  is inserted therein, as shown in  FIG. 7 , whereby the welded material W is manufactured. 
         [0070]    In such a method of manufacturing the welded material W, it is possible to support the end tab W 2  on the extended line L 1  of the abutment line L of the plate materials W 1  by the welding jig  1 , and the end tab W 2  can be installed to be pressed against the plate materials W 1  in the X-axis direction. For this reason, the welding and mounting or the like of the end tab W 2  to the plate material W 1  is not required, and therefore, work associated with the mounting of the end tab W 2  can be simplified. 
         [0071]    In addition, in the welding jig  1 , the groove portion H is formed along the extended line L 1  of the abutment line L such that the lower shoulder  111  and the probe  112  can pass therethrough, and therefore, even when performing the friction stir welding by connecting the lower shoulder  111  and the upper shoulder  113  by the probe  112 , that is, when performing welding by using a bobbin tool, it becomes possible for the lower shoulder  111  to pass through the groove portion H with the progress of welding. Accordingly, it is possible to reliably execute the friction stir welding of the plate materials W 1  by the bobbin tool. 
         [0072]    Further, in the welding jig  1 , the first open portion H 1  and the second open portion H 2  facing the groove portion H are formed, and therefore, when connecting the probe  112  to the upper shoulder  113 , it is possible to perform work while visually observing a connection situation. 
         [0073]    In addition, since it is possible to insert a tool through the first open portion H 1  and connect the probe  112  and the upper shoulder  113 , it is possible to easily perform the connection work, and since the first open portion H 1  has an outer diameter greater than the outer diameter of the lower shoulder  111 , it is possible to connect the probe  112  and the upper shoulder  113  through the first open portion H 1 . Accordingly, it is not necessary to separately provide an opening for assembling the lower shoulder  111  and the upper shoulder  113 , and thus the friction stir welding using the end tab W 2  and the bobbin tool becomes possible with the manufacturing cost of the welding jig  1  reduced. 
         [0074]    Further, since a connection portion between the lower shoulder  111  and the probe  112  can be visually observed through the second open portion H 2 , the friction stir welding can be executed in a state where the lower shoulder  111  and the upper shoulder  113  are reliably assembled to each other, thereby leading to improvement in the quality of the welded material W. 
         [0075]    In particular, in this embodiment, the friction stir welding is performed with the upper surface  111   b  of the lower shoulder  111  brought into contact with the end tab W 2  by raising the probe  112  upward by oil pressure. However, contact pressure at this time is not very large, and thus it is difficult to measure the contact pressure by other techniques. In this regard, in this embodiment, since the connection portion can be visually observed through the second open portion H 2 , the confirmation of a contact state is possible. In addition, the connection portion can be visually observed, whereby the friction stir welding can be prevented from being started while the lower shoulder  111  does not come into contact with the end tab W 2  due to a hydraulic device which raises the probe  112  upward not functioning due to some cause, thereby leading to improvement in welding quality. 
         [0076]    In addition, since the dimension in the Z-axis direction of the second open portion H 2  is formed as a dimension accommodating the lower shoulder  111 , it is possible to connect the probe  112  and the upper shoulder  113  by inserting a tool into the second open portion H 2 , for example. Accordingly, it is possible to more easily perform work of assembling the lower shoulder  111  and the upper shoulder  113 . 
         [0077]    In particular, it is preferable that the installation position of the plate material W 1  and the installation position of the welding jig  1  are positions low in the Z-axis direction which are close to the surface plate  102  as much as possible due to a problem of workability, vibration generation, or the like. Therefore, in a case where the bottom plate  2  of the welding jig  1  is in proximity to the surface plate  102 , there is also a case where it is difficult to install the lower shoulder  111  in the welding jig  1  through the first open portion H 1 . Even in such a case, since the lower shoulder  111  can be installed in the welding jig  1  from the Y-axis direction through the second open portion H 2  or assembling of the lower shoulder  111  to the upper shoulder  113  by a tool is possible, this leads to further improvement in workability. 
         [0078]    According to the method of manufacturing the welded material W and the welding jig  1  of this embodiment, since the groove portion H, the first open portion H 1 , and the second open portion H 2  are formed in the welding jig  1 , it becomes possible to easily and reliably fix the end tab W 2  and to manufacture the welded material W by performing friction stir welding by using the rotating tool  106 , that is, the bobbin tool. 
         [0079]    A preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. Additions, omissions, substitutions, and other changes in the configuration are possible within a scope which does not depart from the gist of the present invention. The present invention is not limited by the above description and is limited by only the scope of the appended claims. 
         [0080]    For example, in the welding jig  1 , both the first open portion H 1  and the second open portion H 2  need not be necessarily formed. That is, it is acceptable if the lower shoulder  111  can be installed in the welding jig  1  with only either of the open portions, the lower shoulder  111  can be operated toward the groove portion H, and a connection state between the probe  112  and the upper shoulder  113  can be visually observed. 
         [0081]    Further, even in a case where both the first open portion H 1  and the second open portion H 2  are formed, if the first open portion H 1  is formed, the second open portion H 2  may not be necessarily formed with the dimension in the above-described embodiment, and it is acceptable if the connection situation between at least the probe  112  and the upper shoulder  113  can be visually observed. 
         [0082]    In addition, it is possible to manufacture the welded material W while suppressing the thermal expansion of the end tab W 2  by supplying air or cooling water to the end tab W 2  during the execution of the friction stir welding process S 7 . In addition, since the thermal expansion of the end tab W 2  can be suppressed by using a material having high thermal conductivity, such as copper, for example, in the welding jig  1 , this leads to improvement in welding quality. 
         [0083]    Further, the second open portion H 2  may be open in the X-axis direction. That is, the second open portion H 2  may be formed so as to penetrate the end portion side plate  4  of the welding jig  1 . In this case, the second open portion H 2  may not be necessarily open in the Y-axis direction. That is, the side plates  3  may be provided over the entire area in the X-axis direction of the bottom plate  2 . 
       INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY 
       [0084]    The present invention relates to a welded material manufacturing method which welds members with the members abutting each other, and a welding jig which is used in the method. According to the welded material manufacturing method and the welding jig related to the present invention, it is possible to easily and reliably fix the end tab and perform the friction stir welding by using the bobbin tool. 
       REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 
       [0000]    
       
           1 : welding jig 
           2 : bottom plate 
           3 : side plate 
           4 : end portion side plate 
         W 2   a:  pilot hole 
         H: groove portion 
         H 1 : first open portion (open portion) 
         H 2 : second open portion (open portion) 
         W 1 : plate material 
         W 1   a:  abutting portion 
         W 2 : end tab 
         W: welded material 
         L: abutment line 
         L 1 : extended line 
         L 2 : center line 
         S 1 : plate material preparation process 
         S 2 : jig preparation process 
         S 3 : jig installation process 
         S 4 : end tab installation process 
         S 5 : rotating tool preparation process 
         S 6 : rotating tool installation process 
         S 7 : friction stir welding process 
           100 : friction stir welding device 
           101 : bed 
           102 : surface plate 
           103 : device main body 
           104 : working head 
           105 : rotation mechanism 
           106 : rotating tool 
           111 : lower shoulder (first shoulder) 
           111   b:  upper surface 
           112 : probe 
           112   a:  male threaded portion 
           113 : upper shoulder (second shoulder) 
           113   a:  female threaded portion 
           113   b:  lower surface 
           115 : clamp 
           116 : screw jack