Abstract:
An image photographing apparatus for automatically focusing a photographed image to improve the image quality. The image photographing apparatus automatically focuses the image through a zoom actuator for changing a zoom ratio and a focus actuator for controlling the focus to thereby enhance the image quality. Also, the image photographing apparatus adds a zooming function to diversify the application fields of image photographing.

Description:
PRIORITY CLAIM 
   This application is a national stage application of International Application No. PCT/KR2004/003364, filed on Dec. 20, 2004 which claims priority to, and the benefit of, the following applications: Korean Patent Application Serial No. 10-2004-01014065, filed Dec. 10, 2004; Korean Patent Application Serial No. 10-2004-0065453 filed Aug. 19, 2004; Korean Patent Application Serial No. 10-2004-0063158, filed Aug. 11, 2004; Korean Patent Application Serial No. 10-2004-0051123, filed Jul. 1, 2004; Korean Patent Application No. 10-2004-0044459, filed Jun. 16, 2004; Korean Patent Application No. 10-2004-0042166, filed Jun. 9, 2004; Korean Patent Application No. 10-2004-0026084, filed Apr. 16, 2004; Korean Patent Application No. 10-2004-0026083, filed Apr. 16, 2004; Korean Patent Application No. 10-10-2004-0026082, filed Apr. 16, 2004; 10-2004-0020818, filed Mar. 26, 2004; and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2003-0093980, filed Dec. 19, 2003. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention relates to an image photographing apparatus, particularly to an image photographing apparatus having a simple and small structure mounted on a communication terminal. 
     FIG. 1  is a block diagram explaining the constitution of the conventional image photographing apparatus. As shown in  FIG. 1 , a mobile phone  100  comprises: a main frame  101 ; buttons  102  for operating the mobile phone, a screen  103  for displaying telephone numbers or images, and a camera module  104  for photographing images. The interior constitution of the camera module  104  is shown in  FIG. 2 . That is, the camera module  104  comprises a module case  201 , a photographing element  203 , a second lens group  206 , and a third lens group  207 .  FIG. 3  is a view separating a photographing optical system  300 , which comprises a moiré interference prevention filter  202 , the first lens group  205 , the second lens group  206  and the third lens group  207 , from the camera module  200  to explain the function thereof. The photographing optical system  300  photographs an image of an object positioned on an object surface  301  on an image plane  303 . Accordingly, the photographing element  203  is positioned on the image plane  303 , and thus an object  302  on the object surface  301  is formed as an image  304  on the image surface  303 . 
   As shown in  FIG. 4  showing the conventional constitution, if an object  401  escapes from the object surface  301  and positions near the camera, the image of the object  401  is formed apart from the image surface  303 . On the contrary, as shown in  FIG. 5 , if an object  501  escapes from the object surface  301  and positions far from the camera, the image  501  of the object escapes from the image plane and moves along the direction which is near the photographing optical system  300 . As above, if the object escapes from the object surface initially set by the photographing optical system  300 , the image of the object also escapes from the image plane  303 . Thus, the photographed image is. out of focus and the quality of the photographed image becomes worse. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   Thus, the object of the present invention is to provide an image photographing apparatus which can improve the quality of images by always focusing an image formed by a photographing element. 
   An image photographing apparatus according to the first view of the present invention to achieve the above object comprises: 
   a compensation lens group; 
   a f focusing driving part for fixing the compensation lens group; 
   a focus actuator transferring the focusing driving part to an optical axis for controlling the focus of the compensation lens group; 
   a fixing part for supporting the focus actuator; 
   a photographing element for photographing an image of an object passing the compensation lens group; and a controlling part for controlling the focus actuator and the photographing element, wherein the focus driving part comprises: a first lens barrel combined with the compensation lens group in its interior and forming a first male screw on its outer circumference; a second lens barrel combined with the focus actuator in its exterior and forming a first female screw, which is screw-combined with the first male screw on its inner circumference; and a tool groove installed on the first lens barrel to insert and rotate the tool. 
   Also, the focus actuator comprises: 
   a driving coil wound on one side of the focus driving part or the first zoom driving part to be fixed, and applied current from the controlling part; and 
   a magnet fixed to the other side of the focus driving part or the first zoom driving part, wherein the polarity of the magnet is divided so that a magnetic flux passes over the flat part of the driving coil. 
   The focus actuator further comprises a restoration spring for restoring the focus driving part to the initial position. 
   A yoke is further installed between the magnet and the focus driving part to circulate the magnetic flux of the magnet. 
   Meanwhile, the focus actuator comprises: 
   a driving part for receiving a power source from the controlling part to generate a dynamic force moving along the direction orthogonal to the optical axis; and a cam part for receiving the dynamic force of the driving part to switch the dynamic force transferring the focus driving part in the direction of the optical axis, wherein the driving part comprises: a motor rotating by the power source supplied by the controlling part; a spur gear combined with a center shaft of the motor to be rotated; and a rotor forming a gear tooth combined with the spur gear and rotating by receiving the power source supplied by the controlling part. Also, it may comprise: a motor rotating by the power source supplied by the controlling part; a lead screw combined with a rotation shaft of the motor; and a screw holder combined with the lead screw to move along the direction orthogonal to the optical axis by rotation of the lead screw. 
   At this time, the cam part comprises an inclined surface formed on the driving part for ascending the focus driving part in the direction of the optical axis, wherein the focus driving part forming a prominence contacting to the inclined surface. 
   Also, the cam part further comprises a suspension member supported between the fixing part and the focus driving part to make the focus driving part movable in the direction of the optical axis and to guide the focus driving part to be driven in the direction of the optical axis. 
   The suspension member can be a plate spring or a wire spring, comprising an elastic transformed part transformed in the direction of the optical axis by narrowing the width between the fixing part and the focus driving part; a plurality of first holes; and first and second bosses inserted into a plurality of the first holes to fix the suspension member to the first zoom driving part and the focus driving part. 
   Meanwhile, the focus actuator comprising the suspension member comprises: a magnet fixed to the fixing part or the focus driving part; a driving coil fixed to the side of the fixing part or the focus driving part, where the magnet is not fixed, to be exposed to the magnetic field of the magnet, and, at the time of applying the current of the controlling part, wound to generate a force to drive the focus driving part in the direction of the optical axis by receiving the magnetic flux of the magnet; and a magnetic substance fixed to the side where the driving coil is fixed, and moving the focus driving part by force attracted to the magnetic force of the magnet to fix the focus driving part to a predetermined position. 
   Meanwhile, the focus actuator further comprises guide means for guiding the focus driving part to be driven in the direction of the optical axis, wherein an embodiment of the guide means comprises: a slide prominence formed on one side of the focus driving part in the direction of the optical axis; and a slide groove formed on the side where the slide prominence of the focus driving part is not formed for guiding the slide prominence to be moved in the direction of the optical axis. 
   Also, the other embodiment of the guide means may comprise a guide shaft slidably combined to a guide hole formed on the focus driving means, and may further comprise three or more guide parts formed on the fixing part in the direction of the optical axis to guide the outer circumferential surface of the focus driving part in the direction of the optical axis. 
   In addition, in order to remove a friction force between the guide shaft and the guide hole, the guide means comprises: a controlling signal generating part for generating a low frequency amplitude modulation control signal for preventing a friction force for an initial predetermined driving time of supplying current to the driving coil, and for generating a high frequency amplitude modulation control. signal after the initial predetermined driving time; and a pulse width modulation signal outputting part for outputting the low frequency amplitude modulation control signal generated by the controlling signal generating part and a pulse width modulating signal outputting part having a lower frequency section and a high frequency section which switch on/off according to the high frequency amplitude modulation control signal to drive the driving coil of the focus actuator. 
   Meanwhile, the focus actuator comprises a compensation driving part installed between the compensation lens group and the focus driving part to drive the compensation lens group; a compensating suspension member connected between the compensation driving part and the focus driving part to fix the compensation lens group to the focus driving part thereby become movable into the direction orthogonal to the. optical axis of the compensation lens group; a compensation actuator supported between the compensation driving part and the focus driving part to drive the compensation driving part in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis; a displacement sensor installed one side of the focus driving part for sensing the movement of the focus driving part in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis due to the hand trembling of the user; and a servo controller driving the compensating actuator according to the information of the displacement sensor to restore the focus driving part to the original state. 
   Herein, the compensating suspension member is a wire spring or a plate spring, and the compensation actuator comprises one of a voice coil motor, a piezoelectric element and a ultrasonic motor. 
   Meanwhile, the focus actuator further comprises an initial position fixing part for fixing the focus driving part to a preset initial position by a predetermined braking power, wherein the initial position fixing part comprises a first magnetic substance fixed to the side, where the magnet of the focus driving part is fixed, not to be exposed to the range of the magnetic line of force on the side, where the magnet of the focus driving part is not fixed, (within the range that the magnetic line of force of the magnet on the side, where the magnet of the focus driving part is not fixed, reaches), and attracts the magnet in order to fix the focus driving part to the initial position. 
   In addition, the focus actuator further comprises a specific magnification position fixing part for moving the focus driving part to a specific position so that the object image of the compensation lens group is projected with a specific magnification, wherein the specific magnification position comprises a second magnetic substance fixed to the side, where the magnet of the focus driving part is not fixed, not to be exposed to the range of the magnetic line of force, and attracts the magnet to fix the focus driving part to the initial position, in order to fix the focus driving part to a specific magnification position. 
   A technical problem to be solved according to the other view of the present invention comprises: 
   a compensation lens group; 
   a focus actuator for controlling the focusing of the compensation lens group; 
   a focus driving part transferred in the direction of an optical axis of the compensation lens group by the focus actuator; 
   a first zoom driving part for supporting the focus actuator; a displacement lens group; 
   a second zoom driving part for supporting the displacement lens group; 
   a zoom actuator for driving the first zoom driving part to move the compensation lens group along a first moving trajectory, which is a zoom transition path, and driving the second zoom driving part to move the displacement lens group along a second moving trajectory, which is a path of a zoom transition path; and a controlling part for controlling the focus actuator, the zoom actuator and the photographing element. 
   Herein, the zoom actuator comprises: an actuation source; a first zoom driving member for driving the first zoom driving part to move a compensation lens group along a first moving trajectory, which is a zoom transition path; a second zoom driving member for receiving a dynamic force from the actuation source and driving the second zoom driving part to move the displacement lens group along a second moving trajectory, which is a zoom transition path; and restoration means for restoring the first zoom driving part and the second zoom driving part to the original state. 
   The actuation source comprises: a rotation driving part for generating a rotary force by control of the controlling part; and a rotor for receiving a dynamic force of the rotation driving part to be rotated. Also, the actuation source may comprises: a motor for receiving a power source from the controlling part to be rotated; a spur gear combined with a center shaft of the motor to be rotated; and a rotor forming a gear tooth combined with the spur gear. The actuation source may comprises: a motor for receiving a power source from the controlling part to be rotated; a lead screw combined with the rotation shaft of the motor; and a screw holder combined with the lead screw to move in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis by rotation of the lead screw. 
   Also, the zoom actuator comprises: an actuation source; a first zoom actuator for receiving a dynamic power from the actuation source and driving the first zoom actuation part to move a compensation lens group along with a first moving trajectory, which is a zoom transition path; and a second zoom actuator for receiving a dynamic power from the actuation source and driving the second zoom actuation part to move a displacement lens group along with a second moving trajectory, which is a zoom transition path. 
   The first zoom actuator comprises: 
   a first stator for receiving the power source from the controlling part and having a first coil for generating a magnetic field having first and second polarities which are divided into a plurality of sections and which are alternated; a first rotator having a first magnet having first and second polarities which are divided to be exposed to each divided magnetic field generated from the first coil, and performing a rotational motion at the time of applying the current to the first coil; 
   a first lens barrel for fixing the compensation lens group; and 
   a first cam part for converting the rotational force of the first rotator to a feed force in the direction of the optical axis and transferring it to the first lens barrel. 
   Herein, the first stator comprises: 
   a first magnetic substance having a plurality of first cores respectively corresponding to the same first polarity divided from the first magnet; 
   a second magnetic substance having a plurality of second cores respectively corresponding to the same second polarity divided from the first magnet and respectively inserted into the first cores; and 
   the first coil wound around the outer circumference of the first cores and the second cores while the second cores are combined between each first core. 
   The first rotator comprises: 
   a first magnet; and 
   a first rotation barrel fixed by the first magnet and forming a first trajectory groove consistent with the first moving trajectory, which is the zoom transition path. 
   The first cam part comprises: 
   a first cam shaft fixed to the first lens barrel, and inserted into the first trajectory groove; and 
   a first guide barrel forming a first slot for guiding the first cam shaft such that it only moves in the direction of the optical axis. 
   The second zoom actuator comprises: 
   a second stator for receiving a power source from the controlling part, and having a second coil for generating a magnetic field having first and second polarities which are divided into a plurality of sections and which are respectively alternated; 
   a second rotator having a second magnet in which first and second polarities are divided to be exposed to each divided magnetic field generated from the second coil, and performing a rotational motion at the time of applying current to the second coil; 
   a second lens barrel for fixing the compensation lens group; and 
   a second came part for converting the rotational force of the first rotator to a feed force in the direction of the optical axis and transferring it to the second lens barrel. 
   The second stator comprises: 
   a third magnetic substance having a plurality of third cores respectively corresponding to the same first polarity divided from the second magnet; 
   a fourth magnetic substance having a plurality of fourth cores respectively corresponding to the same second polarity divided from the second magnet and respectively inserted into the third cores; and 
   the second coil wound around the outer circumference of the third cores and the fourth cores while the fourth cores are combined between each third core. 
   Also, the second rotator comprises: 
   the second magnet; and 
   a second rotation barrel fixed by the second magnet and forming a second trajectory groove consistent with the second moving trajectory, which is the zoom transition path. 
   The second cam part comprises: 
   a second cam shaft fixed to the second lens barrel and inserted into the first trajectory groove; and 
   a second guide barrel forming a second slot for guiding the second cam shaft such that it only moves in the direction of the optical axis. 
   According to the preferable embodiment of the present invention, the quality of an image can be improved by always focusing the image automatically by using the zoom actuator which changes the zoom ratio and the focus actuator which controls the focus, and the applicable field of the image photographing can be more varied by adding the zoom function. 
   Additional features and advantages of the present invention are described in, and will be apparent from, the following Detailed Description of the Invention and the figures. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
       FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a mobile terminal having a general image photographing apparatus. 
       FIG. 2  is a block diagram of the image photographing apparatus in  FIG. 1 . 
       FIG. 3  is a view regarding  FIG. 2  showing an object on an. object plane which is in complete focus. 
       FIG. 4  is a view regarding  FIG. 2  showing an object moved near from a camera moves to a camera. 
       FIG. 5  is a view regarding  FIG. 2  showing an object moved in the direction far from the camera. 
       FIG. 6  .is a view showing the constitution of an image photographing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 
       FIG. 7  is a three-dimensional view of a focus driving part of  FIG. 6 . 
       FIG. 8  is a view explaining the principle of generating a driving force by electromagnetic force of the focus actuator shown in  FIG. 6 . 
       FIG. 9  is a block diagram of a coil, a permanent magnet and a yoke assembly applying the principle of generating the electromagnetic driving force of the focus actuator shown in  FIG. 6 . 
       FIG. 10  is a block diagram showing the focus driving part shown in  FIG. 6  in the initial position, and an object on an object plane in complete focus. 
       FIGS. 11 and 12  are views explaining the optical operation of the focus driving part shown in  FIG. 6 . 
       FIG. 13  is a view showing the structure that an iron core is installed in the focus actuator shown in  FIG. 6  so that the focus driving part receives a force in a specific direction by a cooperation of the permanent magnet with the yoke. 
       FIG. 14  is a cross-sectional view showing the constitution of an embodiment of guide means installed in the focus driving part in  FIG. 6 . 
       FIG. 15  is a perspective view showing the other embodiment of the guide means installed in the focus driving part of  FIG. 6 . 
       FIG. 16  is a view regarding  FIG. 15  showing the friction state between a guide shaft and a guide groove at the time of suspending the focus driving part. 
       FIG. 17  is a view regarding  FIG. 15  showing the friction state between a guide shaft and a guide groove at the time of moving the focus driving part. 
       FIG. 18  is a view showing the correlation between acceleration and a driving force of an object by a driving force of the focus driving part regarding  FIG. 16 . 
       FIG. 19  is a wave form chart of a pulse width modulation pulse supplied with the controlling part in  FIG. 6 . 
       FIG. 20  is a circuit diagram showing the constitution of the  FIG. 6  in detail. 
       FIG. 21  is a view showing a displacement of a focus driving part according to the coil applied voltage at the time of supplying with the controlling part in  FIG. 6 . 
       FIG. 22  is a longitudinal view showing the constitution of a suspension member installed in the focus actuator in  FIG. 6 . 
       FIG. 23  is a plan view showing the suspension member in  FIG. 22 . 
       FIG. 24  is a longitudinal view showing the constitution of the focus actuator mounting the suspension member in  FIG. 23 . 
       FIG. 25  is a longitudinal view showing the operational state of the suspension member in  FIG. 22 . 
       FIG. 26  is a longitudinal view showing the constitution of a compensation actuator regarding  FIG. 6 . 
       FIG. 27  is a longitudinal view showing the operational state of  FIG. 26 . 
       FIG. 28  is a view showing the state that an initial position fixing part and a specific magnification position fixing part is installed in the focus actuator in  FIG. 6 . 
       FIGS. 29 and 30  are views regarding  FIG. 28  explaining the operational state of the initial position fixing part and the specific magnification position fixing part. 
       FIG. 31  is a longitudinal view showing the state that a zoom driving part and a zoom actuator are installed in the image photographing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 
       FIG. 32  is a view showing the constitution of the zoom actuator in  FIG. 31 . 
       FIG. 33  is a view showing that an image is formed on the photographing element when the zoom driving part shown in  FIG. 31  is in the initial position and the object is on the object plane in complete focus. 
       FIGS. 34 and 35  are views explaining the optical operation of the zoom driving part shown in  FIG. 31 . 
       FIG. 36  is a longitudinal view showing the state that the brake device is installed on the zoom actuator shown in  FIG. 31 . 
       FIG. 37  is a three-dimensional diagram of the brake device in  FIG. 36 . 
       FIG. 38  is a view showing the structure of fixing the zoom driving part when current is not applied to the brake device shown in  FIG. 36 . 
       FIG. 39  is a view showing the state that when the current is applied to the brake device shown in  FIG. 36 , the brake part is separated from the zoom driving part so that the zoom driving part freely moves. 
       FIG. 40  is a longitudinal view showing the constitution of an image photographing apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. 
       FIG. 41  is a longitudinal view showing the constitution of an embodiment of the focus driving part and the focus actuator shown in  FIG. 40 . 
       FIG. 42  is a cross-sectional view showing the constitution of the focus driving part and the focus actuator shown in  FIG. 40 . 
       FIG. 43  is a longitudinal view showing the constitution of another embodiment of the focus driving part and the focus actuator in  FIG. 40 . 
       FIG. 44  is a longitudinal view showing the constitution of the first embodiment according to the focus actuator in  FIG. 43 . 
       FIG. 45  is a longitudinal view showing the second embodiment according to the focus actuator in  FIG. 43 . 
       FIG. 46  is a longitudinal view showing the constitution of the third embodiment according to the focus actuator in  FIG. 43 . 
       FIG. 47  is a longitudinal view showing the other embodiment of the focus driving part and the focus actuator in  FIG. 43 . 
       FIG. 48  is a view showing the constitution of the zoom actuator shown in  FIG. 43 . 
       FIG. 49  is a view showing a moving trajectory, which is a zoom transition path of the displacement lens group for the zoom actuator in  FIG. 48 . 
       FIG. 50  is a view showing the first embodiment of the zoom actuator shown in  FIG. 48 . 
       FIG. 51  is a perspective view showing the first zoom driving part, and the first rotator and the second rotator of the second zoom driving part shown in  FIG. 50 . 
       FIG. 52  is a perspective view showing a first stator of the constitution of the first zoom driving part and the first stator of the second zoom driving part shown in  FIG. 50 . 
       FIG. 53  is a view showing the exploded state of the zoom actuator shown in  FIG. 50 . 
       FIG. 54  is a perspective view showing the first zoom driving part, and the first guide barrel and the second guide and the second guide barrel shown in  FIG. 50 . 
       FIG. 55  is a perspective view showing the first zoom driving part, and the first lens barrel and the second lens barrel of the second zoom driving part. 
       FIG. 56  is a view showing the other embodiment of the first cam part in the zoom actuator shown in  FIG. 48 . 
       FIG. 57  is a perspective view of a cam barrel shown in  FIG. 56 . 
       FIG. 58  is a view showing the other embodiment of the driving source of the zoom actuator shown in  FIG. 43 . 
       FIG. 59  is a view showing the other embodiment of the driving source of the zoom actuator shown in  FIG. 43 . 
       FIG. 60  is a longitudinal view showing the state that the compensation actuator is installed in the displacement lens group of  FIG. 43 . 
       FIG. 61  is a view showing the constitution of an image photographing apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. 
       FIG. 62  is a longitudinal view showing the state that a shutter device is mounted on the image photographing apparatus shown in  FIG. 43 . 
       FIG. 63  is a schematic plan view. 
       FIGS. 64 and 65  are views showing the using state of the shutter device shown in  FIG. 62 . 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
   Hereinafter, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
   First Embodiment 
     FIGS. 6-9  are views showing the constitution of an image photographing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Herein, the image photographing apparatus  600  according to the first embodiment of the present invention comprises: 
   a fixing lens group  605 ,  606  having an external lens barrel  601 , a photographing element  602 , a photographing element base  603 , an ultraviolet protection filter  604  and a lens; 
   a compensation lens group  607  having one or more lenses; 
   a focus driving part  608  mounting the compensation lens group  607 ; and 
   a guide shaft  609  guiding the transfer of the focus driving part  608 . 
   In addition, a focus actuator  611  for moving the focus driving part  608  in the direction of an optical axis is installed between the focus driving part  608  and the external lens barrel  601 . The focus actuator  611  further comprises a driving coil  703  for generating a driving force by flowing current installed outside of the focus driving part  608 , a permanent magnet  702  and a yoke  701  increasing efficiency of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet  702 . 
     FIG. 7  is a view showing the constitution of the focus driving part  608  shown in  FIG. 6  in detail. Herein, a symmetrically arranged guide shaft  609  penetrates into left and right sides of the driving part  608 , and the driving coil  703  is symmetrically installed on the upper and the lower surfaces of the driving part  608 . 
   The operation of a focus actuator  611  comprising the driving coil  703 , the magnet  702  will be explained by referring to  FIGS. 8 and 9 . The permanent magnet  702  has N and S polarities polarized along its direction of thickness, and the permanent magnet  702  is mounted inside of one side of the yoke  701 . The magnetic line of force  801  from the permanent magnet rotates along the yoke  701  to return to the magnet  702 , thereby having a closed magnetic flux which does not lose the magnetic line of force to the outside. A conductive line  802  which can flow the current is installed in the permanent magnetic flux  702 . If the current is flown from one end to the other end of the conductive line  802 , by the cooperation of the current flowing the conductive line  802  with the line of magnetic force  801 , the conductive line  802  receives a force in the direction vertical to the line of the magnetic force  801  and the conductive line  802 , that is, a first direction  803  and a second direction  804 . For example, if the current is flown from the end TA to the end TB, the conductive line receives a force of pushing in the first direction  803 , and the current is flown in the opposite direction, the conductive line receives a force in the second direction  804 . By the above operational principle, the size and the direction of the current flowing the conductive line are controlled, and thus the size and the direction of the force applied to the conductive line  802  are controlled. 
     FIG. 9  is a view showing the state that the driving coil  703  wound by conductive line to increase the generation of the driving force shown in  FIG. 8  is installed in the magnet  702  and the yoke  701 . By this constitution, the driving force generated in the driving coil  703  increases in proportion to the number of time of winding the driving coil  703 , and the size and the direction applied to the driving coil  703  are controlled by controlling the size and the direction of the current flowing between the ends TA and TB of the driving coil  703 . 
   The operation of the present invention using the principle of the electromagnetic force will be explained by referring to  FIG. 6 . According to the current applied to the driving coil  703  of the focus actuator  611  installed in the focus driving part  608 , the driving coil  703  receives a force in the upper or lower direction according to the direction of the current, as shown in  FIG. 6 , and this force is transferred to the focus driving part  608 . The motion of the first zoom driving part  608  is in constraint by the guide shaft in  FIG. 7 , and the focus driving part  608  moves to the upper or lower direction along the guide shaft. The moving direction of the focus driving part depends on the flowing direction of the current. 
     FIGS. 10-12  are views showing an optical effect according to the movement of the focus driving part  608 . The compensation lens group  607  mounted on the focus driving part  608  can move to the left or right according to the direction of the current applied to the driving coil  703 , as shown in  FIG. 10 . That is, as shown in  FIG. 10 , if the compensation lens group  607  is in the initial position, an image  1104  of an object  1103  positioned on a predetermined object plane  1101  is formed on an image plane  1102 , which is solely determined by an optical system  300 . Herein, the optical system  300  comprises the object plane  1101 , the fixing lens group  605 ,  606 , a compensation lens group and the ultraviolet protection filter  604 . Thus, the photographing element  602  positions on the image plane  1102 . 
     FIG. 11  explains the optical operation if an object becomes adjacent from the object plane  1101  to the photographing lens group. If the object  1103  becomes adjacent from the object plane  1101  to the optical system  300 , the image of the object  1101  Ls formed while escaping from the image plane  1102 . by the principle of  FIG. 4 . However, by transferring the focus driving part  608  to move the compensation lens group  607 , the image  1104  positions on the image plane  1102  again. 
     FIG. 12  explains the operation that if the object  1103  moves from the object plane  1101  in the direction apart from the optical system  300 . In this case, if the image moves from the image plane  1102  to the direction which is near the optical system  1100 , the compensation lens group  607  is transferred by the focus driving part  608 , so that the image  1104  can be positioned on the image plane  1101  again. That is, the object  1103  escapes the object plane  1101 , the image always positions on the image plane  1102  by the transfer of the compensation lens group  607  due to the transfer of the focus driving part  608 . By the above operation, an image in complete focus is photographed on the photographing element  602  positioned on the image plane  1102  regardless of the position of the object. 
     FIG. 13  is a view showing the mounting state of an iron plate  631  of the first embodiment shown in  FIG. 6  of the present invention. A driving coil  703  generates a force in a specific direction, and the iron plate  631  applies to the focus driving part  608  a force in the direction opposite to a specific direction. As an example of applying this embodiment to the constitution of the first view of the present invention, in the cross-section in a predetermined direction taken along line D-D, the image photographing apparatus  600  comprises a driving part  608  mounting an external lens barrel  601 , a photographing element  602 , a photographing element base  603 , an ultraviolet protection filter  604 , fixing lens groups  605 ,  606 , a compensation lens group  607  and a driving part  608 . Also, the image photographing apparatus further comprises a focus actuator  611  having a yoke  701 , a permanent magnet  702 , a driving coil  703 , and an iron plate  631  installed in a predetermined part of the driving coil. 
   The operation of the image photographing apparatus  600  having the identical structure in the first view of the present invention as shown in  FIGS. 6 and 13  is identical. Accordingly, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. 
   At this time, the iron plate  631  attached to a predetermined position of the driving coil  703  is installed between the magnet  702  and the yoke  701 , and the iron plate  631  receives a force generated by the magnetic line of force of the magnet  702  and the yoke  701 . Thus, the force by the magnetic line of force of the yoke  701  operates in the center direction of the magnet which has the strongest magnetic force, and this force attracts the iron plate  631  to the center direction of the magnet  702 . Accordingly, the focus driving part  608  receives the force of the center direction of the magnet. Thus, as shown in the drawings, if current is not applied to the driving coil  703 , the focus driving part  608  moves in the direction of the photographing direction. A force in the direction opposite to the force generated by the iron plate  631  is provided to the driving coil, and the focus driving part  608  moves by the difference between the force corresponding to the force generated by the iron plate  631  and the force operated by the driving coil  703 . Therefore, the flowing direction of the current supplied to the driving coil  703  is fixed and the size of the current is controlled, and thus the position of the focus driving part  608  is controlled. 
     FIG. 14  is a view showing an embodiment of guide means of a focus driving part shown in  FIG. 6 . Herein, the guide means  1400  is formed on the focus driving part  608  in the direction of the optical axis, and comprises three or more guide prominences  1402  for guiding an outer circumferential surface of the lens barrel  1401 , which fixes the compensation lens group  607  in the direction of the optical axis. 
   Also, the other embodiment of the guide means  1500  comprises a guide shaft  1503  slidably combined with a guide hole  1501  formed on the lens barrel  1401  as shown in  FIG. 15 . That is, a guide shaft  1503  guiding the lens barrel  1401  in straight is required. 
   At this time, there exists a friction force in the connecting part of the guide shaft  1503  and the lens barrel  1401 , that is, between the guide hole  1501 . 
     FIG. 16  is a view showing a static friction of an object by driving force which can be applied to the present invention, and  FIG. 17  is a view showing a dynamic friction force of an object by driving force which can be applied to the present invention. Also,  FIG. 18  is a view showing the correlation between acceleration and a driving force of an object by driving force which can be applied to the present invention. 
   As shown in  FIGS. 16 and 17 , there are two formations of the friction force, that is, a static friction force and a dynamic friction force. The static friction force, which operates when the lens barrel  1401  is suspended and then starts to move, operates when the lens barrel moves, and is bigger than the dynamic friction force. Thus, if the lens barrel  1401  starts to move, the lens barrel  1401  moves only if the applied the force is bigger than the static friction force. 
   By referring to  FIG. 18 , if the driving force applied to an object gradually increases, the object does not move until the driving force is bigger than the static friction force Fs. At the moment that the driving force exceeds the static friction force Fs, the object rapidly moves. That is, the static friction force is smaller than the dynamic friction force so that the object moves, the friction resisting the movement rapidly decreases, and thus the acceleration of the object rapidly increases. Due to the physical cause, the object does not move under the driving force less than a specific range, but if the driving force exceeds a specific range, the object moves with a big acceleration. Thus, it is difficult to control the object to move with a quite small displacement. 
     FIG. 19  is a view showing a controlling part  2000  controlling current supplied to a driving coil of the image photographing apparatus shown in  FIG. 6 . 
   That is, in order to resolve the problem in controlling the fine position due to the friction between the guide shaft  1503  and the guide hole  1501  shown in  FIG. 15 , as shown in  FIG. 19 , the controlling part uses a PWM waveform comprising a low frequency amplitude modulation waveform and a high frequency amplitude modulation waveform. At the beginning of driving of the controlling part, a PWM signal of the low frequency amplitude modulation waveform is generated for a predetermined time. After the predetermined time, a PWM signal having the frequency identical to the prior one is outputted. In other words, a PWM frequency having a plurality of frequencies is used, and the time of using the PWM of the low frequency is to resolve the static frequency. The PWM of each frequency has the identical duty ratio. That is, t 1 /t 2 =t 3 /t 4 . 
   Namely,  FIG. 20  is a circuit diagram showing the constitution of the controlling part generating the PWM waveform comprising the low frequency amplitude modulation waveform and the high. frequency amplitude modulation waveform shown in  FIG. 19 . 
   Herein, the controlling part  2000  comprises a controlling signal generating part  2010  and a pulse width modulating pulse outputting part  2020 . 
   At the beginning of driving the controlling signal generating part  2010 , it generates a low frequency amplitude modulation controlling signal for preventing friction for a predetermined time, and after the predetermined time, the controlling signal generating part  2010  generates a high frequency amplitude modulation controlling signal. According to the embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable for the low frequency amplitude modulation controlling signal and the high low frequency amplitude modulation controlling signal to have the identical duty ratio. 
   The pulse width modulating signal outputting part  2020  switches on/off according to the low frequency amplitude modulation control signal and the high frequency amplitude modulation control signal generated by the controlling signal generating part  2010  thereby outputting a pulse width modulating signal having a low frequency section and a high frequency section. 
   The controlling signal generating part  2010  comprises a digital signal processing device, a micro computer and an FPGA. 
   It is preferable for the low frequency section of the pulse width modulating signal to use a frequency adjacent to the bandwidth in the dynamic feature of the driving part, which is the frequency that the second lens barrel can perform a fine reaction to each pulse of the pulse width modulation pulse. 
   The pulse width modulating signal outputting part  2020  comprises a transistor  2021 , a resistor  2022  and a diode  2023 . 
   The transistor  2021  comprises an emitter connected to the ground, a base for receiving the low frequency amplitude modulation control signal and the high frequency amplitude modulation control signal generated by the controlling signal generating part  2010 , and a collector connected to a driving element. The resistor  2022  is connected between the transistor  2010  and the base. The diode  2023  is connected between the collector of the transistor  2021  and the power source Vcc. 
   Hereinafter, the operation of the focus driving part by each PWM frequency will be explained by referring to  FIG. 21 .  FIG. 21  is a view showing the displacement of a lens barrel according to the coil applied voltage of the embodiment of the present invention. 
   The low frequency section of the two signal waveforms uses a frequency, in which a lens barrel  1401  can perform the fine reaction to each pulse of the PWM pulses, that is, a frequency adjacent to the band with in the dynamic characteristics of the focus driving part  608 . Accordingly, although the lens barrel  1401  cannot completely follow each of the driving pulses, the driving profile in overall becomes in the state of finely following the applied 25 pulses. That is, the driving profile is in the state of fine vibration. By the fine vibration, the static friction between the focus driving part  608  and the guide hole  1501  is resolved. In other words, the focus driving part is in the dynamic friction state, so that the conversion from the static friction to the dynamic friction, which is generated at the beginning state of the driving, disappears. Also, the rapid starting due to the rapid reduction of the friction force generated at the beginning stage of the driving is resolved. 
   When the smooth movement is completed by the PWM of the low frequency, the PWM signal of the high frequency is applied to stably suspend in the position causing the displacement by applying the PWM signal of the high frequency. 
     FIG. 22  is a longitudinal view showing the constitution of a focus actuator mounting a suspension member for driving the focus driving part  608  shown in  FIG. 6  in the direction of an optical axis, and  FIG. 23  is a view showing a plate spring  2200  as an example of the suspension member in  FIG. 22 .  FIG. 24  is a view showing a cross-sectional view showing a state of mounting the. suspension member, and  FIG. 25  is a view showing an operating state of the plate spring  2200  according to the driving of the focus actuator shown in  FIG. 23 . 
   As shown in  FIG. 22 , the suspension member  2200  is supported between an external lens barrel  601  and the focus driving part  608  so that the focus driving part  608  is in the state which can be movable along the direction of the optical axis, and limits the focus driving part  608  such that the driving in the direction excluding the driving direction becomes difficult, to thereby limit the focus driving part  608  to be accurately driven along the direction of the optical axis. 
   That is, the suspension member ordinarily comprises a plate spring and a wire spring, but the embodiment of the present invention comprises the plates spring  2200 . 
   The plate spring  2200  has a shape which narrows the width between the portion fixed to the external lens barrel  601  and the portion fixed to the focus driving part  608 , and which can be easily transformed forward the direction of the optical axis. Thus, the plate spring  2200  elastically supports the first zoom driving part  608  to be moved into the direction of the optical axis. 
   Also, as shown in  FIGS. 23 and 24 , the plate spring  2200  is fixed to four or more places of the focus driving part, thereby functioning as a guide to prevent the focus driving part  608  from moving in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis. 
   That is, an elastic transformed part  2210  for the easier transformation in the direction of the optical axis and a plurality of first holes  2211  are formed on the plate spring  2200 , and a first boss  2213  and a second boss  2214 , which are inserted into the first holes  2211  to fix the plate spring  2200 , are respectively formed on the focus driving part  608  and the external lens barrel  601 . 
   The first boss  2213  and the second boss  2214  are made of plastic. They pass the first holes  2211  and then are fixed to the plate spring  2200  by ultrasound fusion or thermal fusion. 
   Herein, as shown in  FIG. 22 , the focus actuator  611  comprises a magnet  702  fixed to an external lens barrel  601  or a focus driving part  608 ; a driving coil  703  fixed to one of the external lens barrel  601  and the focus driving part  608 , where the magnet  702  is not fixed, to be exposed to the electromagnetic force of the magnet  702 , and wound to receive the magnetic flux of the magnet  702  at the time of applying current, thereby generating the force of driving the focus driving part  608  in the direction of the optical axis; a magnetic substance  2250  fixed to one of the external lens barrel  601  and the focus driving part where the driving coil  701  is fixed, to generate a force of attracting the focus driving part  608  opposite to the direction of the force of the. driving coil. generated by the magnetic force of the magnet  702  and the driving coil  703 , and to position the focus driving part to be in the initial position when a power source is not applied to the driving coil. At the time of supplying the power source from the controlling part  2000 , the driving coil  701  receives a magnetic force of the magnet  702  to generate an electromagnetic force according to Fleming&#39;s left-hand rule, thereby driving the focus driving part  608  in the direction of the optical axis. 
   A yoke  701  is further attached to the backside of the magnet  702  for effectively circulating the magnetic flux. 
   Meanwhile, the magnetic substance  2250  generates an attracting force of the magnet  702  with regard to the part having the strongest magnetic force in the magnet  702 , and the force attracts the focus driving part  608  in the direction of the initial position, that is, the direction opposite to the driving coil  701 . Accordingly, in the initial state that the current is not applied to the driving coil  701 , the first zoom driving part  608  is maintained .in its position to be in the lowest surface. The magnetic substance  2250  provides a restoration force which restores the focus driving part  608  to the initial position again while driving the focus driving part  608  in the direction of the optical axis. Accordingly, the magnetic substances  2250  functions to secure the initial position when the current is not applied to the driving coil, and functions to generate the spring force at the time of driving. 
   Hereinafter, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention having the above constitution will be explained. 
   A user pushes a photographing button by a key pad installed on a communication apparatus, a controlling part  2000  drives a photographing element, which is not shown, and the photographing element photographs an image of an object passing the compensation lens group  607 . The photographed image signal of the photographing element is transferred to the controlling part. 
   If the photographed image is unclear, the controlling part, which received the image, applies a power source for adjusting focusing to a driving coil  701 . 
   If the power source is applied to the driving coil  701 , an electromagnetic force according to Fleming&#39;s left-hand rule is generated by magnetic flux from the magnet  702 , and the driving coil  702  moves to a direction of an optical axis. Accordingly, the focusing of the compensation lens group  607  is adjusted, and thus the photographed image becomes clearer. 
   During this process, as shown in  FIG. 25 , a plate spring  2200  guides such that the focus driving part  608  is accurately driven in the direction of the optical axis, and the magnetic substance  2250  functions as a spring. Thus, the function of the plate spring  2200  as a spring is minimized, but the plate spring  2200  functions as a guide to limit a straight line motion of the focus driving part. 
   The magnetic substance  2250  attracts the focus driving part  608  by force attracted to the magnet  702  in the direction opposite to the force generated by the coil, thereby providing a restoration force which can restore the focus driving part  608  to the initial position. 
     FIG. 26  is a view showing the installing state of a compensation actuator for preventing an image, which is generated in the direction orthogonal of the optical axis, from being out of focus due to the trembling of hands, and  FIG. 27  is a view showing the operation state of  FIG. 26 . 
   Herein, the image photographing apparatus shown in  FIG. 6  further comprises a compensation driving part  2615  for supporting the compensation lens group  2615 ; a compensation suspension member  2611  for fixing the compensation driving-part  2615  to moved into the direction that the compensation lens group  607  is orthogonal to the optical axis; a compensation actuator  2613  supported by the focus driving part  608  to drive the compensation driving part  2615  in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis; a displacement sensor  2617  for sensing the movement of the compensation driving part in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis; and a servo controller  2619  for receiving information of the displacement sensor  2617  and driving the compensation actuator  2613  to restore the compensation driving part  2615  to the original state. 
   The compensation suspension member  2611  is made of a wire spring or a plate spring. 
   The compensation actuator  2613  drives the compensation actuator  2615  on an X-Y plane, which is orthogonal to the direction of the optical axis. 
   The compensation actuator  2613  may comprise a voice coil motor, a piezoelectric element or an ultrasound motor. 
   Hereinafter, the operation of the compensation driving part  2615 , the compensation actuator  2613 , the compensation suspension member  2615 , the displacement sensor  2617  and the servo controller  2619  for adjusting focus of an image due to the trembling of hands will be explained by referring to  FIG. 27 . 
   During photographing an object, if a user&#39;s hands holding a photographing apparatus tremble, the photographing apparatus relatively vibrates with regard to the object. On the basis of the photographing apparatus, the image of the object becomes in the state of relatively vibrating with regard to the photographing apparatus. At this time, the displacement sensor  2617  installed in a predetermined position in the photographing apparatus senses the movement of the photographing apparatus and transmits it to the servo controller  2619 . 
   If the photographing apparatus vibrates, the servo controller  2619  operates the compensation actuator  2613  in the direction of removing the vibration of the object image for the photographing apparatus, consequently, the vibration of the object image due to the hand trembling is removed. Thus, an optimized object image can be photographed. 
     FIG. 28  is a view showing the installing stage of an initial position fixing part and a specific focus position fixing part on the focus actuator shown in  FIG. 6 .  FIGS. 29 and 30  are views showing the operation state of the initial position fixing part and the specific focus position fixing part shown in  FIG. 28 . 
   In  FIG. 28 , the focus actuator  611  further comprises an initial position fixing part  2811  for fixing the focus driving part  608  to the initial position by a predetermined brake power, and the initial position fixing part  2811  comprises a first magnetic substance fixed so as not to be exposed to the range of the line of magnetic force of the magnet  702  on the side where the magnet  702  and for fixing the focus driving part  608  to the initial position by attracting the magnet  702 . 
   Also, the focus actuator  611  further comprises a close-up position fixing part  2812  .for moving the focus driving part  608  to a specific position so that the object image of the compensation lens group  607  is in complete focus with a specific close-up distance, wherein the close-up position fixing part  2812  comprises a second magnetic substance fixed so as not to be exposed to the range of the line of magnetic force of the magnet  702  on the side where the magnet  702  and for fixing the focus driving part  608  with a specific magnification position by attracting the magnet  702   
   That is, the initial position fixing part  2811  comprises the first magnetic substance fixed to the external lens barrel  601  so as not to be exposed to the range of the line of magnetic force of the magnet  702  and for fixing the lens barrel  1401  by attracting the magnet  702 . 
   Also, the close-up position fixing part  2812  for moving the lens barrel  1401  to a specific position is installed so that the compensation lens group  607  projects the object image by a specific magnification. The specific magnification is set to the position where the close-up photographing is performed. 
   The close-up position fixing part  2812  comprises the second magnetic substance fixed to the external lens barrel  601  so as not to be exposed to the range of the line of magnetic force of the magnet  702  and for moving the compensation lens group  607  to a specific magnification position by attracting the magnet  702 . 
   Meanwhile, the lower end of the lens barrel  1401  forms a first stopper  2813  horizontally contacting to the external lens barrel  601 , and the upper end forms a second stopper  2814  horizontally contacting to the external lens barrel  601  thereby maintaining an optical arrangement of the compensation lens group  607  at the moment that the lens barrel  1401  contacts to the upper end of the external lens barrel  601 . 
   The key pad of the communication apparatus comprises a photographing button (not shown) and a close-up photographing button (not shown) for photographing an image by driving the photographing element. If the general photographing button is pushed, the controlling part  2000  drives the photographing element to photograph an image of an object and applying current to the driving coil at the same time to execute the mode for correcting a focusing error. 
   If the close-up photographing button is pushed, the controlling part  2000  applies big current to the driving coil  703  to move the lens barrel  1401  to the side of the initial position fixing part  2811 . 
   That is, in the state that the current is not applied to the driving coil  703 ,-as shown in  FIG. 29 , the first magnetic substance  2811  attracts the magnet  702  to position the lens barrel  1401  at the lowest end of the external lens barrel  601 . Accordingly, the first stopper  2813  contacts to the bottom of the lens barrel  1401 . 
   If the user pushes the general photographing button by the key pad installed on the communication apparatus, the controlling part  2000  applies the current for moving the lens barrel  1401  to the general photographing position to the driving coil  703 . 
   If a power source is applied to the driving coil  703 , an electromagnetic force driving the magnet  702  and the lens barrel  1401  is generated by the effect of the current flowing through the driving coil  703  affected by the magnetic flux generated from the magnet  702 . The controlling part  2000  adjusts the direction and the voltage of the current to ascend and to move the lens barrel  1401  to the general photographing position. 
   Also, the controlling part  2000  drives the photographing element to photograph the image of an object photographed by the photographing element through the compensation lens group  607 . 
   The photographing element converts the photographed image to an electrical signal to transfer to the controlling part  2000  in the main frame through a flexible PCV. 
   If the photographed image is not clear, the controlled part  2000 , which received the image, applies a fine adjusting current to a power source for executing the focus adjustment to the driving coil  703 . The controlling part  2000  adjusts the fine direction and the voltage of the current to ascend or descend the lens barrel  1401  to make the image photographed on the image photographing part to become clearer. 
   Meanwhile, if the user pushes the close-up photographing button by the key pad installed on the communication apparatus, the controlling part  2000  applies current for moving the lens barrel  1401  to the close-up photographing position to the driving coil  703 . 
   If a power source is applied to the driving coil  703 , an electromagnetic force driving the magnet  702  and the lens barrel  1401  is generated by the effect of the current flowing through the driving coil  703 . As shown in  FIG. 30 , the controlling part  2000  adjusts the direction and the voltage of the current to move the lens barrel  1401  to the close-up photographing position. After the lens barrel  1401  moves, the second magnetic substance  2812  fixed to the external lens barrel  1401  attracts the magnet  702 , and thus the lens barrel is fixed to the close-up photographing position. At this time, the second stopper  2814  contacts to the upper end of the external lens barrel  601  to stabilize the position of the lens barrel  1401 . 
   The controlling part  2000  drives the photographing element to the object image photographed on the photographing element by the compensation lens group  607 . The photographing element converts the photographed image to an electrical signal to transfer to the controlling part  2000  in the main frame through a flexible PCV. 
   Second Embodiment 
     FIGS. 31 and 32  are views showing the constitution of an image photographing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. That is,  FIGS. 31 and 32  are views showing the mounting state of a zoom lens group  651  varying a magnification, a zoom driving part  653  and a zoom actuator. By referring to  FIG. 31 , in a predetermined cross-sectional view of the image photographing apparatus taken along the line A-A, the image photographing apparatus  600  comprises a zoom driving part  653  having an external lens barrel  601 , a photographing element  602 , a photographing element base  603 , an ultraviolet protection filter  604 , a fixing lens group  605 , a zoom lens group  651 , a compensation lens group  607 , and the zoom lens group  651 ; a focus driving part  608  mounting the compensation lens group  607 ; and a guide shaft  609  guiding the transfer of the two driving parts. 
   The image photographing apparatus  600  in a predetermined cross-sectional view taken along the other line B-B, which is different from the cross-section taken along the line A-A, will be explained by referring to  FIGS. 32 and 33 . A zoom driving coil  711  and the focus driving coil  703  are respectively attached to the outside of the zoom driving part  653  and the focus driving part  608 , and the zoom driving coil  711  and the focus driving coil  703  are installed to electromagnetically cooperate with a magnet  702  and a yoke assembly  701 . Each of the two driving parts  608  and  653  has the structure similar to  FIG. 7 . Also, the two driving coils  703  and  711  operate by the principle explained in  FIGS. 8 and 9 . That is, according to the direction and the size of the current applied to the two driving coil  703  and  711 , the two driving parts  608  and  653  respectively attaching the two driving coils move along the guide shaft  609 . 
   Accordingly, the displacement lens group  651  mounted on the zoom driving part  653  and the compensation lens group  607  mounted on the focus driving part  608  can move along the optical axis of the image photographing apparatus  600 . 
   The operation of the optical system according to the above constitution will be explained in  FIGS. 33-35 . 
   The displacement lens group  651  mounted on the second zoom driving part  653  and the compensation fens group  607  mounted on the first zoom driving part  608  can independently move in the left and right directions by respectively controlling the current applied to the two driving coils  703  and  711  attached to the driving part, as shown in the drawings. 
   As shown in  FIGS. 32 ,  33  and  34 , if the displacement lens group  651  and the compensation lens group  607  are in the initial position, respectively, an object  1103  positioned on a predetermined object plane  1101  forms an image  1104  on an image plane  1102 , which is solely determined by the optical system  300  consisting of the object plane  1101 , the fixing lens group  605 , the displacement lens group  651 , the compensation lens group  607 , and the moiré interference prevention filter. Accordingly, the photographing element  602  is positioned on the image plane  1102 . 
     FIGS. 34 and 35  show an example of adjusting the compensation lens group  607  to move the displacement lens group  651  to a predetermined position, and to position the image of the object  1103  on the image plane  1102 , thereby enlarging the image of the object  1103 . An image  1104  bigger than the image in  FIG. 33  is formed on the image plane  1102 . 
     FIG. 35  shows an example of adjusting the compensation lens group  607  to move the displacement lens group  651  to a predetermined position, and to locate the image of the object  1103  on the image plane  1102 , thereby making the image of the object  1103  smaller. An image  1104  smaller than the initial image is formed on the image plane  1102 . 
   In the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention shown in  FIG. 31 , if the zoom actuator is not driven,  FIGS. 37-40  comprises a brake device for fixing the position of the focus driving part  608 . As an embodiment applying the brake device to the first or the second embodiment of the present invention, in the cross-sectional view in a predetermined direction (taken along the line C-C), the image photographing element  602  comprises a focus driving part mounting an external lens barrel  601 , a photographing element  602 , a photographing element base  603 , an ultraviolet protection filter  604 , fixing lens group  605 , a compensation and zoom lens groups  607  and  651 ; a brake driving part  621 ; a rotation centering shaft of the brake driving part  621 ; a spring  625  adding a spring force to the brake driving part  621 ; and a brake coil  623  driving the brake driving part  621 . 
   The detailed structure of the brake device comprising the above elements will be explained by referring to  FIG. 37 . The brake driving part  621  has a structure which can rotate centering the rotation centering shaft  622 , and a spring  625  contacting the brake driving part  621  in one direction is installed at the upper portion of the brake driving part  621 . One end of the spring contacts to one portion  2002  inside of the external lens barrel  601 , and the other end contacts to a prominence formed on one portion of the brake driving part  621 . The spring provides the brake  621  with a force of rotating the brake  621  in a clock-wise direction. A magnet  627  is inserted into a plane of the brake driving part  621 , and a brake coil  623  adjacent to the position where the magnet  627  is inserted, and wound several times. The brake coil  623  is attached to a predetermined position inside of the external lens barrel  601 . 
   The operation of the brake device will be explained by referring to  FIGS. 38 and 39 . In the initial state without flowing current to the brake coil  623 , the brake driving part  621  becomes the state contacting to a brake contacting part  629  installed in a predetermined position of the focus driving part  608 . During this state, the focus driving part  608  cannot move due to the friction force between the brake driving part  621  and the brake contacting part  629 . 
   As shown in  FIG. 39 , if flowing a predetermined current to the brake coil  623 , the brake driving part  621  is attracted to the brake coil  623  by the cooperation of the magnetic force generated from the brake coil  623  and the electromagnetic force of the magnet  627  inserted into the brake driving part  621 . Accordingly, the brake driving part  621  falls apart from the brake contacting part  629 , and the first zoom driving part  608  can freely move. 
   This embodiment of the present invention explains that the brake device is installed in the first zoom driving part  608 , but the brake device can be installed in the second driving part  653 . 
   Third Embodiment 
     FIG. 40  is a view showing the constitution of an image photographing apparatus according to the third embodiment. The image photographing apparatus according to the present invention by referring to  FIG. 40  comprises a compensation lens group  4200 ; a focus actuator  4300  for adjusting the focus of the compensation lens group  4200 ; a focus driving part  4250  installed between the compensation lens group and the focus actuator  4300  for setting the initial position of the compensation lens group  4200 ; a compensation driving part  4400  for supporting the focus actuator  4300 ; a zoom driving part  4700  for supporting the zoom lens group  4600  and the displacement lens group  4600 ; a zoom actuator  4500  for driving the compensation driving part  4400  to move the compensation lens group  4200  along a first moving trajectory, and driving the zoom driving part  4700  to move the displacement lens group  4   600  along a second lens group  4200 ; a photographing element  4800  for photographing an image of an object passing the compensation lens group  4200  and the displacement lens group  4600 ; and a controlling part  2000  for controlling the focus actuator  4300 , the zoom actuator  4500  and the photographing element  4800 . 
   In this embodiment of the present invention, the zoom actuator  4500  can be embodied by using various shapes of driving elements. Thus, the zoom actuator is schematized without indicating a specific shape of the driving element, while focusing its function. 
   Also, the image photographing apparatus  4000  further comprises restoration means for restoring the compensation driving part  4400  and the zoom driving part  4700  to their original state. 
   Such image photographing device  4000  further comprises a fixing lens group  4100  and a fixed lens barrel  4110  for fixing the fixing lens group  4100  on an optical axis which is identical to the compensation lens group  4200  and the displacement lens group  4600 . 
     FIG. 41  is a view showing the constitution of a compensation lens group  420 . 0 , a focus driving part  4250  and a compensation driving part  4400  shown in  FIG. 40 , and  FIG. 42  is a cross-sectional view of  FIG. 41 . As shown in  FIGS. 41 and 42 , the focus driving part  4250  comprises a first lens barrel  4210  combined with the compensation lens group in its interior and forming a first male screw on its outer circumference; and a second lens barrel  4220  combined with the focus actuator in its exterior and forming. a first female screw, which is screw-combined with the first male screw  4212  on its inner circumference. 
   A tool groove  4214  is formed on, the first lens barrel  4210  to insert and to rotate a tool. By inserting the tool into the tool groove and rotating it, the height of the first lens barrel  4210  is adjusted to fix the optimum initial position of the compensation lens group  4200 . 
   The focus actuator  4300  comprises a driving coil  4310  wound on one side of the focus driving part  4205  or the first zoom driving part to be fixed, and receiving current from the controlling part; and a magnet  4320  fixed to one side of the focus driving part  4250  or the first zoom driving part  4400 , wherein the polarity of the magnet is divided so that the magnetic flux passes over the flat part of the driving coil  4310 . 
   The focus actuator  4300  further comprises a restoration spring  4350  restoring the focus driving part  4250 . to the initial position. 
   A yoke  4330  for circulating the magnetic flux of the magnet  4320  is further attached to one side of the magnet  4320 . 
   When current is supplied to the driving coil  4310  of the focus actuator  4300 , a magnetic flux is generated. Since the first embodiment of the present invention detailedly explains the process of moving the focus driving part  42 , 50  in the direction of the optical axis due to the magnetic flux and the polarity of the magnet  4320 , the detailed explanation of this process will be omitted. 
     FIG. 43  is a view showing the other embodiment of the focus actuator  4300  shown in  FIG. 40 , and  FIGS. 44-46  show the constitution of the focus actuator  4300  shown in  FIG. 43 . The actuator shown in  FIGS. 43-46  has a structure similar to the focus actuator shown in  FIG. 40 . Accordingly, an identical reference number for an identical constitution will be used. 
   That is, as shown in  FIG. 43 , the focus actuator  4300  comprises a compensation lens group  4200  consisting of a plurality of lenses to pass an image of an object with a specific magnification; a focus driving part for arranging the compensation lens group  4200  in a direction of an optical axis; a driving part  4360  for receiving a power source provided from the outside to generate a dynamic force moving in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis; a cam part for receiving the dynamic force of the driving part  4360  to transfer the focus driving part  4250  in the direction of the optical axis; and a controlling part  2000  for controlling the driving part  4360 . 
   As shown in  FIG. 42 , the focus driving part  4250  comprises a first lens barrel  4210  combined with the compensation lens group in its interior and forming a first male screw on its outer circumference; and a second lens barrel  4220  forming a female screw  4222 , which is screw-combined with the male screw  4212 . A tool groove  4214  is formed on the first lens barrel  4210  to insert and to rotate a tool. 
   Meanwhile, as shown in  FIG. 44 , the driving part  4360  comprises a yoke  4361   a ; a coil  4363   a  wounded on the yoke  4361   a  and receiving a power source from the controlling part  2000  for magnetizing the yoke  4361   a ; and a rotor  4365   a  rotatably installed on the yoke  4316   a  thereby facing the yoke  4316   a , and consisting of a magnet rotating according to the direction to which the current applied to the coil  4363   a.    
   The principle of rotating the rotor  4365   a  is similar to a step motor, and by controlling a phase of a voltage applied from the controlling to the coil  4363   a , the rotor  4365   a  can be controlled by the direction rotating the rotor. The rotor  4365   a  is installed in the center of the rotation of the focus driving part  4250 . 
   As shown in  FIG. 45 , the driving part  4360  according to the other embodiment of the present invention comprises a motor  4361   b  rotating by receiving a power source from a controlling part  2000 ; a spur gear  4362   b  combined with a rotating shaft  4365   b  of the motor  4361   b  to be rotated; and a rotor  4364   b  forming a gear tooth  4363   b  combined with the spur gear  4362   b.    
   Also, as shown in  FIG. 46 , the driving part  4360  comprises a motor  4361   c  rotating by receiving a power source from the controlling part  2000 ; a lead screw  4363   c  combined with a rotating shaft  4362   c  of the motor  4361   c ; and a screw holder  4364   c  combined with the lead screw  4363   c  to move in the direction orthogonal to an optical axis by rotation of the lead screw  4364   c.    
   This focus actuator  4300  comprises a second restoration spring  4350  for restoring the focus driving part  4250  to the initial position. 
   Meanwhile, the cam part comprises an inclined surface  4380  formed on the driving part  4360  to ascend the focus driving part  4250  in the direction of the optical axis. The focus driving part  4250  further comprises a prominence  4390  contacting to the inclined surface  4380 . 
   The operation of the focus driving part  4250  and the focus actuator  4300  having the above constitution will be explained. 
   If the power source of the controlling part  2000  is not applied to the driving part  4360 , the focus driving part  4250  is fixed to the initial position by the restoration spring  4350 . 
   If a user pushes a photographing button by the key pad installed on the communication apparatus, the controlling part  2000  photographs an object image passing the compensation lens group  4200 . The photographing element (not shown) converts the photographed image to an electrical signal to transfer the image to the controlling part  2000  through a flexible PCV. 
   If the photographed image is unclear, the controlling part  2000 , which received the image, applies a power source for adjusting focusing to a driving coil  701 . 
   If the power source is supplied to the driving part  4360  shown in  FIG. 44 , the current is applied from the controlling part  2000  to the coil  4363   a  to magnetize the yoke, thereby rotating the rotor  4365   a  comprising the magnet. Accordingly, the inclined surface  4380  formed on the rotor  4365   a  ascends the prominence  4390  of the focus driving part  4250 . 
   For the driving part  4360  shown in  FIG. 45 , when current is supplied from the controlling part  2000  to the motor  4361   b , the spur gear  4362   b  combined with the rotating shaft  4365   b  of the motor  4361   b  is rotated to rotate the rotor  4364   b  by the gear tooth  4363   b . Accordingly, the inclined surface  4380  formed on the rotor  4363   b  ascends the prominence  4390  of the focus driving part  4250 . 
   For the driving part  4360  shown in  FIG. 46 , if the power source is supplied from the controlling part  2000  to the motor  4361   c , the lead screw  4363   c  combined with the rotation shaft  4362  of the motor  4361   c  is rotated to move the screw holder  4364   c . The screw holder  4364   c  moves along the guide shaft  4365   c  so that the inclined surface  4380  ascends the prominence of the focus driving part  4250 . 
   Accordingly, since the compensation lens group  4200  is ascended or descended in the direction of the optical axis, the image photographed by the photographing element becomes clearer. 
   Meanwhile,  FIG. 47  is the other embodiment of the focus actuator of  FIG. 40 . The focus actuator  4250  may comprise a piezoelectric element  4300  connected to the compensation lens group  4200  and the compensation driving part  4400 , and receiving the current from the controlling part  2000  to drive the focus driving part  4250  in the direction of the optical axis. 
     FIG. 48  is a view showing the zoom actuator  4500  in  FIG. 40 . It schematically shows the function without the substantial shape, since various kinds of driving elements can be used to carry out the zoom actuator  4500 . 
     FIG. 49  is a view showing a moving trajectory of the zoom actuator and the displacement shown in  FIG. 30 .  FIGS. 50-55  are views detailedly showing the constitutions of the zoom actuator  4500 , the first zoom driving part  4400  and the second driving actuator  4700  shown in  FIG. 48 . 
   The zoom actuator  4500  shown in  FIG. 48  comprises an actuation source; a compensation driving member  4570  for driving the compensation driving part  4400  to move the compensation lens group  4200  along the first moving trajectory  4202 , which is the zoom transition path; and a zoom driving member  4580  for driving the zoom driving part  4700  to move the displacement lens group  4600  along the second moving trajectory  4602 , which is the zoom trajectory path. 
   The actuation source comprises a rotation driving part  4510  for generating a rotation force by the control of the controlling part  2000 ; and a rotor  4500  rotated by receiving a dynamic force of the rotation driving part  4510 . 
   The compensation driving member  4570  comprises a first inclined surface  4572  ascending the first zoom driving part  4400  by rotation of the rotor  4550  to move the compensation lens group  4200  along the first moving trajectory  4202 , which is the zoom transition path. 
   In addition, the zoom driving member  4580  comprises a second inclined surface  4582  ascending the second zoom driving part  4700  by rotation of the rotor  4550  to move the displacement lens group  4600  along the second moving trajectory  4602 , which is the zoom transition path. 
     FIG. 50  is a top view showing the actuation source of the zoom actuator shown in  FIG. 48  detailedly, and  FIGS. 51-55  is perspective views showing the constitution of the actuation driving part shown in  FIG. 50 . 
   In  FIG. 50 , the zoom actuator comprises a fixing lens group  4100 ; a fixed lens barrel  4110  to which a the fixing lens group  4100  is fixed; a compensation lens group  4200  in which the zoom magnification is varied according to a gap adjustment between the fixing lens group  4100 ; a compensation actuator for moving the compensation lens group  4200  along the first moving trajectory  4202 , which is the zoom transition path; a displacement lens group  4600  in which the zoom magnification is varied according to a gap adjustment between the compensation lens group  420 ; a zoom actuator for moving the displacement lens group  4600  along the second moving trajectory  4202 , which is the zoom transition path; a photographing element  4800  fixed to the fixed lens barrel  4110  for photographing an object image passing the fixing lens group  4100 , the compensation lens group  4200  and the displacement lens group  4600 ; and a controlling part for controlling the compensation actuator, the zoom actuator and the photographing element  4800 . 
   That is,  FIG. 51  is a perspective view showing the constitution of the rotator of the zoom actuator shown in  FIG. 50 , and  FIG. 52  is a perspective) view showing-the constitution of the stator of the zoom actuator if  FIG. 50 , and  FIG. 53  is an exploded view of  FIG. 52 . 
   Herein, the stator shown in  FIG. 52  is constituted by laminating two members shown in  FIG. 53 .  FIG. 54  is a perspective view showing the first guide barrel and the second guide barrel shown in  FIG. 50 .  FIG. 55  is a perspective view of the first lens barrel and the second lens barrel shown in  FIG. 50 . The rotator shown in  FIG. 51  and the stator shown in  FIG. 52  become a pair to constitute an actuator, and the zoom actuator shown in  FIG. 50  comprises two pairs of actuators. 
   As shown in  FIGS. 51-55 , the zoom actuator comprises a stator  5520  for receiving a power source from the controlling part and having coils to generate a magnetic field having first and second polarities, which are divided into a plurality of sections and which are alternated; two ring-shaped magnets  5121 ,  5221  which are integrally assembled and in which its polarity is divided into a first polarity and a second polarity, so as to be exposed to the magnetic field generated from the coils  5515 ,  5215 ; an assembly member  5410  for assembling the two ring-shaped magnets to have a 90 degree of phase; an upper part  5120  of the rotator  5410  for receiving a rotation force when current is applied to the first coil  5115 ; a lower part  5220  of the rotator for receiving a rotation force when current. is applied to the second coil  5215 ; a rotator assembling member  5410  for integrally assembling the two rotators to have 90 degree of phase difference with each other; a pair of a first rotator and a first stator for driving the compensation driving part; a first lens barrel  5310  for fixing the compensation lens group  5200 ; and a first cam part for converting the rotation force of the first rotator  5210  to a feed force in the direction of an optical axis to and transferring it to the first lens barrel. 
   As shown in  FIG. 53 , the stator is constituted by laminating two members, each layer comprising a magnetic substance  5112  having a plurality of upper cores  5111 , which are respectively correspond to the identical first polarity divided from the magnets  5121 ,  5220 ; a magnetic substance  5114  having a plurality of lower cores  5113 , which are respectively inserted into the upper cores  5111 ; and a coil  5115  wound on an outer circumference of a combined substance of the upper core  5111  with the lower core  5113 . 
   The first rotator  5120  comprises a first rotation barrel forming a first trajectory groove  5411  consistent with the first moving trajectory. 
   The cam part comprises a first cam shaft  5320  fixed to the first lens barrel  5310  and inserted into the first trajectory groove  5411 ; and a first guide barrel  5520  forming a first slot  5521  for guiding the first cam shaft  5320  such that it only moves in the direction of the optical axis. 
   A pair of the second rotator and the second stator has the identical shape of the pair, of the first rotator and the first stator, and operates with the identical principle. The second rotator comprises a third lens barrel  5330  for fixing the zoom lens group  4600 ; and a second cam part for converting the rotation force of the second rotator  5220  to feed force in the direction of the optical axis to transfer it to the third lens barrel  5330 . 
   The second rotator  5220  comprises a second rotation barrel  5530  forming a second trajectory groove consistent with the second moving trajectory. 
   The second cam part comprises a second cam shaft  5340  fixed to the fourth lens barrel  5320  and inserted into the second trajectory groove; and a second guide barrel  5530  forming a second slot for guiding the second cam shaft  5340  such that it only moves in the direction of the optical axis. 
   The key pad of the communication apparatus forming the above image photographing apparatus comprises a button for executing the zooming and a button for photographing an object image. 
   Meanwhile, the controlling part carries out the zoom variation by driving the first and second zoom actuators to move the compensation lens group  4200  along the first moving trajectory  4202 , and by moving the displacement lens group  4600  along the second moving trajectory  4602 . 
   When the user pushes the photographing button installed in the key pad of the communication apparatus, the controlling part ‘drives the photographing element  4800  to photograph the image of the object passing the fixing lens group  4100 , the compensation lens group  4200  and the displacement lens group  4600 . The photographing element  4800  converts the photographed image to an electrical signal to transfer to the controlling part in the main frame through a flexible PCV. 
   Meanwhile, if the user wishes to change the magnification of the object image photographed on the photographing element  4800 , the user pushes the button for executing the zooming function installed on the key pad. 
   Accordingly, the controlling part applies a power source to the first stator and the second stator of the compensation actuator and the zoom actuator to generate the magnetic field. 
   When the magnetic field is generated in the first stator, magnetic forces having a first polarity and a second polarity are respectively formed on an upper core  5111  and a lower core  5113  simultaneously, and the magnetic forces by the first and second polarities generate a rotary force in a clockwise rotation or a counter-clockwise rotation to the magnet  5121  according to the current applied to the stator. The stator divided into two portions of an upper part  5110 , which cooperates with the upper magnet  5121  of the rotator, and a lower part  5210 , which cooperates with the lower magnet  5221  of the rotator. The current having a pulse shape is applied to the two coils  5115 ,  5215  wound on the upper and lower parts of the stator by the above cooperations so that the two coils have a 90 degrees of phase, the stator rotates in a clockwise rotation or a counter-clockwise rotation. 
   As the first rotation barrel  5410  rotates, the first cam shaft  5320  having an end inserted into the first trajectory groove  5411  receives a force moving in the direction of the optical axis. The first cam shaft  5320  is guided to the first slot  5521  of the first guide barrel  5520  such that it only moves in the direction of the optical axis. 
   When the first cam shaft  5320  moves, the first lens barrel  5310  and the compensation lens group  4200  move in the direction of the optical axis. Accordingly, the compensation lens group  4200  moves along the first moving trajectory  4202 , which is the zoom magnification transition path. 
   Meanwhile, the second stator and the second rotator have the constitution and the effect identical to those of the first stator and the first rotator to rotate the second rotation barrel  5420 . 
   As the second rotation barrel  5420  rotates, the second cam shaft  534   0  having an end inserted into the second trajectory groove receives a force moving in the direction of the optical axis. The second cam shaft  4340  is guided to the second slot  5531  of the second guide barrel  5530  and drives only in the direction of the optical axis. 
   Meanwhile, when the second cam shaft  5340  moves, the third lens barrel  5330  and the compensation lens group  4200  move in the direction of the optical axis. Accordingly, the compensation lens group  4200  moves along the second moving trajectory  4602 , which is the zoom magnification transition path. 
   As explained above, the zoom magnification by the fixing lens group  4100 , the compensation lens group  4200  and the zoom lens group  4600  changes. 
     FIG. 56  is a view showing the second embodiment of the zoom actuator shown in  FIG. 50 , and  FIG. 57  is a perspective view showing the cam part of the compensation actuator shown in  FIG. 56 .  FIG. 56  shows the other embodiment of the first cam part of the image photographing apparatus shown in  FIG. 50 , and  FIG. 57  is a perspective view of the cam barrel shown in  FIG. 56 . 
   The first cam part shown in this figure comprises a cam barrel  5610  formed on a cross-section of the first rotation barrel  5410  and forming a cam surface  5611  for moving the first lens barrel  5310  along the first moving trajectory; and an elastic member generating a predetermined elasticity for pushing the first lens barrel  5310  to the cam barrel  5610 . 
   The cam surface  5611  is formed as a double row in the symmetrical position, and two first lens barrels  5310  are installed, said lens barrels respectively contacting to the cam surface  5611 . Accordingly, the cam barrel  5610  can make 360-degree rotation. The elastic member consists of a compression spring  5613 . 
   By the cam barrel  5610  formed on the first lens barrel  5310 , the radius of the first lens barrel  5310  becomes larger. Accordingly, the radius of the compensation lens group  4200  fixed in the first lens barrel  5310  can become larger. Thus, a high quality of image can be photographed. 
     FIG. 58  is a view showing the second embodiment of the zoom actuator shown in  FIG. 50 , and  FIG. 59  is a view showing the third embodiment of the zoom actuator shown in  FIG. 50 . 
   That is, as shown in  FIG. 58 , the other embodiment of the zoom actuator comprises a motor  5730  rotated by receiving a power source from the controlling part; a spur gear  5734  combined with a center shaft  5731  of the motor  5730  to be rotated; and a rotor  5750  forming a gear tooth combined with the spur gear  5764 . 
   As shown in  FIG. 59 , the other embodiment of the zoom actuator comprises a motor  5840  rotated by receiving a power source from the controlling part; a lead screw  5844  combined with a rotation shaft  5852  of the motor  5840 ; and a screw holder  5846  combined with the lead screw  5844  to move in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis by rotation of the lead screw  5844 . The screw holder  5846  comprises a guide shaft  5848  for guiding the movement of the screw holder  5846 . 
   The compensation driving member  5870  comprises a third inclined surface  6874  formed on the screw holder  5846  and ascending the compensation driving part  4400  in the direction of the optical axis when the screw holder  5846  moves in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis in order to move the compensation lens group  4200  along the first moving trajectory  4202 , which is the zoom transition path. 
   Also, the second zoom driving member  4700  comprises a fourth inclined surface  6874  formed on the screw holder  5846  and ascending the second zoom driving part  4700  in the direction of the optical axis when the screw holder  5846  moves in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis in order to move the second zoom lens group  4700  along the second moving trajectory  4602 , which is the zoom transition path. 
   Hereinafter, the operation of the image photographing apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention having the above constitution will be explained. 
   First of all, if the power source is not applied from the controlling part to the focus actuator  4300 , the focus actuator  4300  is fixed to the initial position by the restoration spring  4350 . 
   If the user pushes the photographing button on the key pad installed on the communication apparatus, the controlling part drives the photographing element  4800  to photograph the object image passing the fixing lens group  4100 , the compensation lens group  4200  and the displacement lens group  4600 . The photographing element  4800  converts the photographed image to an electrical signal to transfer it to the controlling part  2000  in the main frame through a flexible PCV. 
   If the photographed image is not clear, the power source for the focusing adjustment is applied to the focus actuator  4300 . 
   For the focus actuator shown in  FIG. 41 , when the current is applied to the driving coil  4310 , a driving force which ascends or descends the compensation lens group  4200  in the direction of the optical axis by repulsive force of the magnetic flux of the magnet  4320  generated in the driving coil  4310 . Due to the driving force, the position of the compensation lens group  4200  is finely varied so that the image photographed on the photographing element  4800  can become clearer. 
   Meanwhile, if the user pushes the zoom photographing button on the key pad installed on the communication apparatus, the controlling part drives the zoom actuator  4500  to execute the zoom mode which varies the position of the compensation lens group  4200  and the displacement lens group  4600 . 
   For the zoom actuator  4500  shown in  FIGS. 50-59 , the controlling part carry out the zoom transition by driving the first and the second zoom actuators to move the. compensation Lens group  4200  along the first moving trajectory  4202 , and by moving the displacement lens group  4600  along the second moving trajectory  4602 . 
   For the zoom actuator  4500  shown in  FIG. 58 , if the current is supplied from the controlling part to the motor  5730 , the spur gear  5734  combined with the center shaft  5732  of the motor  5730  rotates to rotate the rotor  5750  through the gear tooth  5752 . Accordingly, the first inclined surface  5772  formed on the rotor  5750  moves the compensation driving part  4400  along the first moving trajectory  4202 . 
   For the zoom actuator  4500  shown in  FIG. 59 , if the power source is supplied from the controlling part to the motor  5840 , the lead screw  5844  combined with the rotation shaft  5842  of the motor  5840  rotates to move the screw holder  5846 . The screw holder  5846  moves along the guide shaft  5848  so that the third inclined surface  5874  moves the first zoom driving part  4400  along the first moving trajectory  4202 , and the fourth inclined surface  5884  moves the second zoom driving part  4700  along the second moving trajectory  4602 . 
   As such, the zoom mode is executed which enlarges the object image passing the fixing lens group  4100 , the compensation lens group  4200  and the zoom lens group  4600  to be photographed. 
   After executing the zooming function, the photographing element  4800  converts the photographed image to the electrical signal and transfer it to the controlling part in the main frame through a flexible PCV, and the controlling part drives the focus actuator after the zooming function to make the image quality clearer. 
     FIG. 60  is a view showing the state of the compensation driving part  2611 , the compensation suspension member  2613  and the compensation actuator  2615  which are supported by the displacement lens group  4600  to be installed. 
   In  FIG. 60 , the degree of the diffusion of the image to the quantity of hand trembling depends on the distance between the object. That is, the distance between the object is calculated by using the substantial quantity of the hand trembling to the driving quantity according to the distance between the object and the driving quantity of the compensation actuator  2615  is adjusted by using the substantially calculated driving quantity of the compensation actuator to the hand trembling. Since the operation of  FIG. 60  is identical to the compensation driving part  2615 , the compensation suspension member  2611 , the compensation actuator  2615 , the displacement sensor  2617  and the servo controller  2619  shown in  FIG. 26 , the detailed explanation thereof will be omitted. 
   To change the zoom magnification consisting of the compensation lens group  4200  and the displacement lens group  4600 , the controlling part applies the power source to the zoom actuator  4500  by the user&#39;s operation to move the compensation lens group  4200  along the first moving trajectory, and drives the second zoom driving part  4700  to move the displacement lens group  4600  along the second moving trajectory, thereby carrying out the zoom transition. 
   Meanwhile, during photographing the image of the object, the hand trembling of the user holding the photographing apparatus is transferred to the displacement lens group  4700 , the displacement lens group  4600  maintaining the holding state by the compensation suspension member  2611  moves in the X direction orthogonal to the optical axis. 
   At this time, the displacement sensor  2617  installed in the second zoom driving part  4700  senses the movement of the second zoom driving part  4700 , where the displacement lens group  4600  is fixed, and transfer the movement to the servo controller  2619 . 
   When the servo controller  2619  considers that the displacement lens group  4600  moves in the X direction, it drives the compensation actuator  2613  to move the compensation driving part  2615  in the direction opposite to the direction that the displacement lens group  4 . 600  moves in order to restore the displacement lens group  4600  to the original state. 
   As such, although the hand trembling is transferred to the displacement lens group  4600 , the displacement lens group  4600  always stays in the reference position by canceling movement of the compensation actuator  2613 . Thus, the image of the object passing the displacement lens group  4600  to be photographed on the photographing element  4800  becomes always clear. 
   Fourth Embodiment 
     FIG. 61  is a view showing the constitution of the image photographing apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention comprises, a focus lens group  6110 ; a focus actuator  6120  for adjusting the focusing of the focusing lens group  6110 ; a fixing part  6130  for supporting the focus actuator  6120 ; a compensation lens group  6140 ; a third zoom driving part  6150  for supporting the compensation lens group  6140 ; a displacement lens group  6160 ; a second zoom driving part  6170  for supporting the displacement lens group  6160 ; a zoom actuator  6180  for driving the third zoom driving part  6150  to move the compensation lens group  6140  along the first moving trajectory, and for driving the second zoom driving part  6170  to move the displacement lens group  6160  along the second moving trajectory; a photographing element  6190  for photographing an object image passing the compensation lens group  6140  and the displacement lens group  6160 ; and a controlling part for controlling the focus actuator  6120 , the zoom actuator  6180  and the photographing element  6190 . 
   The photographing element further comprises a fixing lens barrel  6210  for supporting the fixing lens group  6200 . 
   Also, the image photographing apparatus comprises a focus driving part  6120  between the focus lens group  6110  and the focus actuator  6130 . The focus driving part  6120  and the focus actuator  6130  have the constitution which is identical to the focus actuator  4300  shown in  FIGS. 41-47 , and the zoom actuator  6180  has the constitution identical to the zoom actuator shown in  FIG. 59 . Thus, the detailed explanation thereof will be omitted. 
   Though, the third zoom driving part  6150  comprises a fifth lens barrel combined with the compensation lens group  6140  in its interior and forming a third male screw on its outer circumference; and a sixth lens barrel forming a third female screw which is screw-combined with the third mail screw. 
   The image photographing element according to the fourth embodiment constituted as the above has the operation which is identical to the third embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the detailed explanation thereof will be omitted. 
   If the user pushes a photographing button on the key pad installed on the communication apparatus, the controlling part drives the photographing element  4800  to photograph the object image passing the fixing lens group  6200 , the focusing Lens group  6110 , the compensation lens group  6140  and the displacement lens group  6160 . The photographing element  6190  converts the photographed image to an electrical signal to transfer it to the controlling part (not shown) in the main frame through a flexible PCV. 
     FIG. 62  is a view showing the shutter device  5200  installed between the compensation lens group  607  and the focus driving part  608  of the image photographing apparatus shown in  FIG. 6 , or installed between the compensation lens group  4200  and the first zoom driving part  4300  of the image photographing apparatus shown in  FIG. 40 .  FIG. 63  is a view showing a plane view showing the constitution of the shutter device  6200 , and  FIGS. 64 and 65  are views showing the operation state of the shutter device  6200  shown in  FIG. 63 . 
   The shutter device  6200  of the present embodiment installed on the image photographing apparatus shown in  FIG. 40  comprises a base  6201  fixed to the first zoom driving part  4400  and having a through-hole passing light to the compensation lens group  4200 ; a shutter part axially supported by the base  6201 ; a piezo ceramic driving part  6202  for driving the shutter part by receiving a power source; and a controlling part for supplying the power source to the piezo ceramic driving part  6202 . 
   The piezo ceramic driving part  6202  has a shape of combining two materials having an expansion ratio of volume differentiated by supplying of the power source. The piezo ceramic driving part  6202  generates a displacement that the material having the higher expansion ratio bends to the material having the lower expansion ratio. The shutter part drives by using such property. 
   In addition, the shutter part comprises a shutter plate  6210  forming a rotation hole  6204  which is rotatably combined with a hinge shaft  6203  formed on the base  6201 , and which opens and closes the light through-hole  6205  by rotational motion. 
   Herein, each pair of the shutter plates  6210  is installed on the opposite position based on the light through-hole  6205  to simultaneously open and close the light through-hole  6205  at both sides by the operation of the piezo ceramic driving part  6202 . 
   Each shutter plate  6210  is axially supported in the base  6201  and forms a cam hole  6212  combined with a driving shaft  6211  of the piezo ceramic driving part  6202 . When the driving shaft  6211  performs a straight line motion, each shutter plate  6210  performs a rotational motion to open and close the light through-hole  6205 . 
   At this time, the controlling part functions as an iris which closes narrow limits of the light through-hole  6205  by applying a small amount of the power source to the piezo ceramic driving part  6202  to drive the shutter part within narrow limits, and the controlling part functions as a shutter which closes the light through-hole  6205  by applying a large amount of the power source to the piezo ceramic driving part  6202  to drive a large range of the shutter part. 
   Hereinafter, the operation of the shutter device having the above constitution will be explained by referring to  FIGS. 64 and 65 . 
   In order to photograph an image of an object, the shutter device  6200  fully opens the light through-hole  6205  so that the light can pass through the compensation lens group  4200 . Thus, the image of the object can be brightly photographed in the photographing element. 
   At this time, the power source is not applied from the controlling part to the piezo ceramic driving part  6202 , and a pair of the shutter plates  6210  maintains the opening state of the light through-hole  6205 . 
   Meanwhile, when photographing the image of the object, as shown in  FIG. 65 , the shutter device  6200  instantaneously block the light to the compensation lens group  4200 . 
   This process is as follows, first of all, the power source is applied from the controlling part to the piezo ceramic driving part  6202 , the piezo ceramic driving part  6202  is bent, thereby moving the driving shaft  6211 , and the driving shaft  6211  pushes the cam hole  6212  of a pair of shutter plates  6210 . Accordingly, a pair of the shutter plates  6210  comes together at the both sides of the light through-hole  6205 , thereby closing the light through-hole  6205 . As such, since the two shutter plates  6210  are simultaneously come together from the both sides of the light through-hole, the light to the light through-hole  6205  can be blocked fast. 
   The image quality of the suspended image depends on the speed of the shutter device  6200 . The shutter device  6200  of the present embodiment maximizes the moving speed of the shutter plate due to its, simple structure. Thus, a good quality of the suspended image can be photographed. 
   Meanwhile, in order to open the light through-hole  6205  after completing the photographing of the image, the controlling part blocks the power source supplied to the piezo ceramic driving part  6202 . Accordingly, the piezo ceramic driving part  6202  is restored to the original state, and the driving shaft  6211  pushes the cam hole  6212  of a pair of the shutter plates  6210  in the converse direction. Thus, a pair of the shutter plates  6210  opens the light through-hole  6205 . 
   Meanwhile, depending on the kind of the image photographing device, some parts of the light through-hole  6205  can be closed first to reduce the light quantity as shown in  FIG. 65  without closing the light through-hole  6205  at once, and then the whole light through-hole  6205  is closed again. In this case, the controlling part functions as the iris first, which closes the light through-hole  6205  within narrow limits by applying a small amount of the power source to the piezo ceramic driving part  6202  to drive the shutter part within narrow limits. Then, the controlling part functions as the shutter which closes the whole light though hole  6205  by applying a large amount of the power source to the piezo ceramic driving part  6202  drive a large range of the shutter part. 
   Although the invention has been shown and described with respect to the specific preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims. 
   It should be understood that various changes and modifications to the presently preferred embodiments described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and without diminishing its intended advantages. It is therefore intended that such changes and modifications be covered by the appended claims.