Abstract:
Placing sheets around a retainer or between a retainer and clamp and securing a clamp against the sheets and retainer for compressively fixing the pages against the retainer.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     Reference is made to commonly assigned, co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/076,596 (now US Patent Publication No. 2012/0248753) by Robert F. Mindler entitled“Binder Clip,” filed concurrently herewith is assigned to the same assignee hereof, Eastman Kodak Company of Rochester, NY, and contains subject matter related, in certain respect, to the subject matter of the present application. The above-identified patent application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a binder clip assembly which can be used for binding media sheets, methods for using the same, and methods of making the same. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     In recent years, the proliferation of digital photography has provided consumers with a variety of options to store captured images. These options include various “soft copy” methods involving memory cards, memory sticks, CD&#39;s, DVD&#39;s, hard drives, on-line storage etc. These “soft-copy” options, while providing the environmental benefit of eliminating the paper, ink or dye, and other chemicals required for “hard-copy” output, are potentially less secure for long term storage due to media format obsolescence, storage media physical or chemical breakdown, and on-line storage companies disappearing. A variety of options exist for customers to print digital images, including conventional silver halide processing, ink-jet, thermal dye transfer, and electrophotographic methods. These “hard-copy” methods are capable of providing printed output which can last for many decades. Although customers can make such “hard-copy” prints at home, modern retail outlets provide kiosks and order-terminals where both prints and additional services can be requested and provided. Similar services are also available from on-line companies such as Kodak Gallery. An increasingly popular service provides photo-albums or photo-books with collections of images associated with a specific event, such as a vacation, family gathering, school function etc. The photo-books are composed of printed images produced by any one of the printing methodologies described above. 
     Photo-books can be constructed in various formats. For example, single sheets of printed material bearing an image on one side of the material can be bound together using any one or a combination of binder clips, staples, adhesive, stitching, ring binders etc. Such photo-books are generally less preferred as each printed page of the book will face a blank page, i.e. the non-printed backside of a printed image. This disadvantage can be eliminated by adhering together sheets of single-side printed media to produce a double-sided album page as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,791,692, 5,957,502, 6,004,061 and 7,047,683. U.S. Pat. No. 6,742,809 describes a strip of images folded in accordion manner such that each pair of adjacent images forms two sides of a page, the accordion folds being adhered together on the inside. Photo-books produced by adhering two imaged prints together are typically thicker than single-sided sheet products, and this can result in a heavy and bulky product when the photo-book contains a large number of pages. 
     Duplex printers, which print on both sides of an imaging material, are known in the art. Typically these printers are of the electrophotographic type. Using these printers, photo-books can be constructed from the duplex sheets using any of the methods described above. Thermal transfer printing is known to produce higher quality images than conventional electrophotographic imaging, and would be the preferred printing method for high-quality photobooks. Duplex thermal transfer printers are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,550,572, 5,677,722 and 7,486,421. These patents do not disclose any method for using the duplex output from these printers to produce photo-books. 
     There is need to produce high quality photo-books from duplex printed sheets. There is also a need to manufacture a binding clip for such photo-books that holds the printed sheets securely in a cost-effective manner. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     A preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a method of providing an elongated clamp having a first bottom surface and a pair of sidewalls substantially coextensive with the first bottom surface, wherein the pair of sidewalls are each integrally formed with the first bottom surface, the pair of sidewalls converging toward each other at a top opening of the binder clip and each including an elongated top edge, wherein the two elongated top edges are flexibly biased toward each other. A corresponding elongated retainer having a substantially flat surface along a lengthwise direction of the retainer disposing the elongated retainer in a space between the sidewalls the bottom surface, the substantially flat surface facing the first bottom surface. A second bottom surface is provided on the clamp, the second bottom surface coextensive with the first bottom surface and integrally formed with the first bottom surface and with one of the sidewalls and at an angle with the first bottom surface. A second substantially flat surface on the elongated retainer substantially faces the second bottom surface while the one substantially flat surface substantially faces the first bottom surface. A flange formed at least at one end of the elongated retainer prevents the elongated retainer from sliding away from the integrally formed sidewalls and bottom surface. Placing media sheets between the retainer and sidewalls and compressing the sheets via biasing force of the clamp towards the retainer secures the sheets therebetween. Wrapping the media sheets around the elongated retainer secures the media sheets between the sidewalls and the elongated retainer via a compressive biasing force of the sidewalls and elongated edges toward the retainer. The method can include reusing the binder clip and retainer and is useful for manual assembly of photobooks, wherein the media sheets comprise sheets of one or more photographs fixed thereon or printed thereon. 
     Another preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises forming a booklet having an elongated retainer with a substantially planar surface along a lengthwise dimension of the retainer, wrapping a plurality pages around the elongated retainer and securing a clamp around the pages and the elongated retainer. This compressively secures the pages around the elongated retainer, wherein the clamp comprises a substantially planar bottom surface facing the planar surface of the elongated retainer. A flange is disposed on each end of the retainer. A second substantially elongated planar surface is formed along the lengthwise dimension of the retainer and corresponds to another inside surface of the binder clip that is parallel to this second surface. 
     Another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a method of making the binding clip and retainer assembly by providing an elongated clamp having a first bottom surface and a pair of sidewalls substantially coextensive with the first bottom surface, wherein the pair of sidewalls are each integrally formed with the first bottom surface, the pair of sidewalls converging toward each other at a top opening of the binder clip and each including an elongated top edge, wherein the two elongated top edges are flexibly biased toward each other. The retainer is provided with an elongated form having a substantially flat surface along a lengthwise dimension of the retainer. The apparatus is completed by disposing the elongated retainer in a space between the sidewalls the bottom surface of the binding clip, and the substantially flat surface facing the first bottom surface. The clamp may include a second bottom coextensive with the first bottom surface and integrally formed with the first bottom surface and with one of the sidewalls and at an angle with the first bottom surface. A second substantially flat surface on the elongated retainer substantially faces the second bottom surface while the one flat surface substantially faces the first bottom surface. A flange at one end of the elongated retainer prevents the retainer from sliding away from the clip. A plurality of media sheets is disposed between the retainer and sidewalls. A biasing force of the clamp towards the retainer secures the sheets therebetween. The sheets can also be wrapped around the elongated retainer which is disposed in the space of the clamp between the sidewalls and bottom surface or surfaces. Photographic images are situated on one side or both sides of each media sheet. 
     Another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a method of forming a booklet including providing an elongated retainer having a substantially planar surface along a lengthwise dimension of the retainer, wrapping a plurality pages around the elongated retainer, and securing a clamp around the pages and the elongated retainer for compressively securing the pages around the elongated retainer, wherein the clamp comprises a substantially planar bottom surface facing the planar surface of the elongated retainer. A flange is disposed on each end of the retainer. The clamp does not necessarily reach both ends of the retainer. It can have a length less than half that of the retainer or it can reach substantially to both ends of the clamp portion. In a preferred embodiment, it comprises an elongated shape at least about 80% of the length of the retainer. Preferably, a substantially elongated planar surface on the clamp faces the elongated planar surface of the retainer, and a second substantially elongated planar surface faces a second elongated planar surface on the retainer. 
     These, and other, aspects and objects of the present invention will be better appreciated and understood when considered in conjunction with the following description and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the following description, while indicating preferred embodiments of the present invention and numerous specific details thereof, is given by way of illustration and not of limitation. For example, the summary descriptions above are not meant to describe individual separate embodiments whose elements are not interchangeable. In fact, many of the elements described as related to a particular embodiment can be used together with, and possibly interchanged with, elements of other described embodiments. Many changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit thereof, and the invention includes all such modifications. The figures below are intended to be drawn neither to any precise scale with respect to relative size, angular relationship, or relative position nor to any combinational relationship with respect to interchangeability, substitution, or representation of an actual implementation. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIGS. 1A-C  illustrate a preferred embodiment of the clamp portion of the present invention without retainer. 
         FIGS. 2A-B  illustrate another preferred embodiment of the clamp portion of the present invention without retainer. 
         FIGS. 3A-C  illustrate a preferred embodiment of the retainer of the present invention. 
         FIGS. 4A-B  illustrate a preferred embodiment of the present invention including views of the binding clip (clamp), bi-fold leaf and bi-fold leaf retainer. 
         FIGS. 5A-C  illustrate a preferred embodiment of the present invention including views of the binding clip (clamp), bi-fold leaf, and bi-fold leaf retainer. 
         FIGS. 6A-I  illustrate a preferred embodiment of the present invention including views of the binding clip and retainer. 
         FIG. 7  illustrates another preferred embodiment of the present invention including views of the binding clip, non-wrapped sheets, and retainer. 
         FIG. 8  illustrates double sided sheets secured by an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIGS. 9A-H  illustrate a method of making the binding clip of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     With reference to  FIGS. 1A-C , there is illustrated a front and two side views, respectively, of the clamp, or binding clip, portion of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Flexible clamping portions  104 , each including an upper lip  101 , are flexibly biased toward each other for securely holding a retainer  106  (shown in  FIG. 1C ) and sheets positioned therein, as described below. The upper lip can be rounded with a larger radius of curvature  102  to protect against wear of the sheets that are secured therein, as described below. In this embodiment, the base of the clip  103  is flat so that the clip can be placed on a flat surface without rolling. End portions  105  prevent a retainer enclosed within the clamp from sliding out therethrough. This advantage is illustrated in  FIG. 1C  showing retainer  106 . As mentioned above, the illustration of  FIG. 1C  is not intended to limit the shape of the clamp or retainer in any way. It demonstrates that the retainer may be more securely held within the clamp portion by avoiding unintended release of the retainer by means of clamp end portions  105  formed thereon. To be fully utilized, the retainer and clamp should be easily manually separable and combinable in any event, with or without sheets, as will be described in greater detail below. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 2A-B , there is illustrated a front and a side view, respectively, of the clamp, or binding clip, portion of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Flexible clamping portions  204 , terminating in upper lips  201 , are flexibly biased toward each other for securely holding a retainer (not shown) and sheets positioned therein, similar to the operation of the embodiment shown in  FIGS. 1A-C , as described below. The upper lip  201  is rounded to protect against wear of the sheets that are secured therein, as described below. This embodiment does not have a flat bottom surface, as in  103  of  FIG. 1B . 
     With reference to  FIGS. 3A-B , there is illustrated a front and side view, respectively, of the retainer portion of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Substantially rigid portion  306  can be fabricated as a rod, bar, dowel, tube, pipe, shaft, cylinder, of any suitable material, such as wood, metal, plastic, rubber, or any combination of these or other suitable materials, securely or removably attached to flange portion  307 . The terms used herein, such as “dowel” are not intended to limit the cross-sectional shape of the retainer, for example, as a circular cross-section. The shape of the retainer includes various cross-sectional shapes as illustrated herein and the terms used apply to all these variations. The flange portion is shown here as a rectangle with rounded corners, however, as explained above, this illustration is not intended to be limiting. The flange portion can be of any shape. The retainer may be removed from the binding clip by moving it out from between the flexible portions  104  or  204  in the embodiments of  FIGS. 1A-D  or  FIGS. 2A-C , wherein the force of pulling the retainer flexes apart the sidewalls  104  or  204  to make way for the retainer to be removed. Alternatively, the flange portion of the retainer may be removable from one end of the rod portion  306  of the retainer and the other end of the rod portion pulled by its flange portion from an end of the binding clip between the portions  104  or  204 . The flange shape illustrated in  FIGS. 3A-B  assists in preventing rolling of the binder clip and flange assembly when the assembly is placed on a flat surface, such as shown in  FIG. 3C  which illustrates the retainer of  FIG. 3B  inserted in the binder clip of  FIG. 2B . In this preferred embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 3C , the cross sectional area of the flange is substantially the same size, or slightly larger, than the cross sectional area of the binder clip. This assembly as well as other assemblies of a binder clip and retainer illustrated and described herein are intended to be easily manually assembled and disassembled, interchangeable, and reused. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 4A-B , there is illustrated a front and a side view, respectively, of the clamp, or binding clip, portion of a preferred embodiment of the present invention together with retainer contained therein, and sheets secured by the assembly as illustrated in  FIG. 4B . In this example, the binder clip resembles the preferred embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 1B  and the retainer resembles the preferred embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 3B . Flexible clamping portions  404 , terminating in upper lips  401 , are flexibly biased toward each other for securely holding a retainer  406  and media sheets  420  positioned therein, as described below. The sheets are seen as multiple pages with front page  421  whose opposite side is an interior page and back page  422  whose opposite side is also an interior page.  FIG. 4B  illustrates that sheets  420  are actually a continuous sheet that wraps around retainer  406  internal to the clamp portion  404 . The portion  415  of sheets  420  in the interior of the clamp  404  can be made of a different material than the portion of the sheets external to the clamp or can be a continuous sheet of the same material. As mentioned above, the illustration of  FIG. 4B  is not intended to limit the shape of the sheet, clamp, or retainer in any way. The sheet can be composed of, for example, a flexible material portion that wraps around the retainer while the external surfaces outside the clamp that are exposed to view may be a different material, such as material suited for printing images thereon. This external portion can be a section of the sheet that is stiffer than the interior portion that wraps around the retainer, and it may or may not include stiffeners for reducing the flexibility of the exposed portions of the sheets. The sheets may be transparent plastic with a single or more pocket inserts for holding prints. The pocket inserts would be formed in the external portion of the sheets. The upper lip  401  of the clamp is rounded to protect against wear of the sheets that are secured therein as they are flexed open for viewing, as described below. This illustrated preferred embodiment utilizes the retainer design as illustrated in  FIGS. 3A-B  and can be used with the binding clip illustrated in  FIG. 1C  (shown in  FIG. 4B ) or in  FIG. 2B , or any other form of binding clip shown herein or other forms not shown herein. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 5A-B , there is illustrated a front and a side view, respectively, of the clamp, or binding clip, portion of a preferred embodiment of the present invention together with retainer  506  contained therein.  FIG. 5C  illustrates the preferred embodiment assembly of  FIG. 5B  having sheets  520  secured therein. Flexible clamping portions  504 , terminating in upper lips  501 , are flexibly biased toward each other for securely holding a retainer  516 , having an optional straight-edged cross section different than the rounded cross section of retainer  506 , and media sheets  520  positioned therein, as described below. This assembly with sheets can be compared to the preferred embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 4B . The sheets are seen as multiple pages with front page  521  (e.g. page  1 ) whose opposite side is an interior page (e.g. page  2 ) and back page  522  (e.g. page  4 ) whose opposite side is an interior page also (e.g. page  3 ).  FIG. 5C  illustrates that pages  520  are actually a single continuous sheet that wraps around retainer  506  in the interior of the clamp portion  504 . As mentioned above, the illustration of  FIG. 5C  is not intended to limit the shape of the sheet, clamp, or retainer in any way. The sheet can be composed of, for example, a flexible material portion that wraps around the retainer while the surfaces outside of the clamp that are exposed to view may or may not include stiffeners for reducing the flexibility of the exposed portions of the sheets. Stiffened sheets may comprise, for example, substantially stiff or rigid flat inserts as part of clear plastic sheets for holding printed images. They may also include relatively stiff media sheets that are connected together by a more flexible intermediate region—the flexible intermediate region for wrapping around the retainer within the clamp. The upper lip  501  of the clamp is rounded to protect against wear of the sheets that are secured therein as they are flexed open for viewing, as described below. This illustrated preferred embodiment utilizes a retainer design without a flange and with a binding clip portion as shown in  FIGS. 1A-C , and can be used with the binding clip portion illustrated in  FIG. 2B  or any other form of binding clip shown herein or other forms not shown herein. This preferred embodiment as well as other embodiments illustrated herein can include multiple sheets wrapped around the retainer so that the booklet formed thereby will include more than four pages, and can include eight, twelve, sixteen or many more pages, depending upon the dimensions selected for the retainer and binder clip and the thickness of the sheets, more particularly, the thickness of the intermediate portion of the sheets that are wrapped around the retainer, as illustrated herein. Moreover, the different shapes of the cross-section of the retainers illustrated in  FIGS. 4B ,  5 B, and  5 C, for example, demonstrate that the binder clips and retainers are not limited by the examples illustrated herein, and can be interchangeable. 
     Referring again to the preferred embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG.  5 C,the end of retainer  506  can be entirely visible when one or more multiple sheets are wrapped around it and secured within clamp portion  505 . The clamping force applied by portions  504  against the sheets  522  within the clamp portion prevents the retainer from sliding out from between the sheets  520 . The retainer can be optionally constructed with flanges as described previously or, also optionally, the clamp can be constructed with extended end portions  505  (not shown) to block both openings at the ends of the binding clip.  FIG. 5B  illustrates that the cross-section of the retainer portion can comprise various shapes and that the present invention is not directed to particular shapes of either of the retainer or clamp. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 6A-I , there is illustrated front views of a binder clip and a retainer,  FIGS. 6A ,  6 B, respectively; a perspective view of a binder clip,  FIG. 6C ; an end view of a retainer contained in a binder clip  FIG. 6D ; and optional binder clip/retainer arrangements  6 E-I. Flexible clamping portions  604 , each including an upper lip  601 , are flexibly biased toward each other for securely holding the retainer, as explained above. The upper lip  601  can be rounded with a larger radius of curvature as explained above to protect against wear of the sheets that are secured therein. In the embodiment of  FIG. 6C  the base of the clip  603  is not flat. The binder clip illustrated in  FIGS. 6A ,  6 C,  6 D, and  6 G includes two bottom surfaces  603  and a retainer having two substantially planar surfaces, or faces, facing the two bottom surfaces of the binder clip substantially in parallel. Preferred embodiments shown in  FIGS. 6E ,  6 H show a flat bottom binder clip;  6 F, and  6 I a multiple surfaced bottom clip. Each of these is shown with a retainer having an equal number of surfaces facing these bottom surfaces substantially in parallel. The present invention is not limited only to a retainer having matching faces, however, as the retainers are intended to operably fit into binder clips having different numbers of bottom surfaces than the retainers have faces.  FIG. 6B  illustrates a flanged retainer which is an alternative means to prevent the retainer from slipping away from the binder clip when no sheets are present. The binder clip embodiments of  FIGS. 6A-I  do not include end portions such as shown at  105  of  FIG. 1  for preventing a retainer enclosed within the clamp from sliding out therethrough. Although not a requirement of the presently illustrated preferred embodiment, the flanged retainer having flanges  607  larger than the cross section of the lengthwise opening through the binder clip prevents the retainer from sliding out of an open end of the binder clip. This advantage is illustrated in  FIGS. 6B and 6D  showing retainer  606  with flanges  607 . In the side view illustration of  FIG. 6D  the binder clip&#39;s dimensions are greater than the flange retainer as can be seen by its lip  601  and base  603  extending beyond the edges of the flange. In contrast with the illustration of  FIG. 3C , it is demonstrated that optional size relationships between flange and binder clip are possible and contemplated within the scope of the present invention. As mentioned above, the illustrations shown in these figures are not intended to limit the shape of the binder clip or retainer in any way. It merely demonstrates that the retainer may be more securely held within the clamp portion by avoiding unintended release of the retainer by means of end portions  607  formed thereon. To be fully utilized, the retainer and clamp should be separable in any event, as will be described in greater detail below. The retainer may be held in an open ended clamp by more tightly forming side portions  604  against the retainer as illustrated in  FIGS. 6H and 6I  (compare with  FIGS. 6E and 6F ). The side portions can be biased against the retainer to secure the retainer in position within the clamp by means of compressive force. This optional preferred embodiment may result in requiring more force to open side portions  604  when removing or inserting the retainer with or without sheets within the clamp. 
     With reference to  FIG. 7 , there is illustrated a side view of the clamp, or binding clip, portion of a preferred embodiment of the present invention with retainer  706  and sheets  720  (pages) secured therein. Flexible clamping portions  704 , each including a deflected upper lip  701 , are flexibly biased toward each other for securely holding the retainer  706 , and sheets  720  positioned therein. The illustration of  FIG. 7  is not intended to limit the shape of the clamp or retainer in any way. This embodiment of  FIG. 7  demonstrates that the sheets may be secured between the sidewalls  704  and retainer  706  by pressure applied via the biased sidewalls  704 , and do not require that the sheets comprise a middle section to wrap around the retainer. 
     Referring to  FIG. 8 , there is illustrated an open book view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Views  820  and  840  are front and back sides of a single sheet which, when retained within a clamp as described above forms a book of four pages. Multiple ones of such a sheet can be stacked and retained within a clamp by placing a retainer on the sheets along the dotted line  826  in the intermediate area  825  between pages as shown in  FIG. 8  and clamping the retainer and sheets within the clamp as shown and described above to form a photobook. Each additional sheet as shown can contribute four pages to a sheet stacked booklet as described herein. The unprinted intermediate portions of the sheet  825  on either side of the dotted line represents a middle section of the sheets that can be made of a different material than the printed portions of the sheet, such as a fabric or other flexible material that can easily wrap around the retainers described herein and can be securely attached to the sheets, for holding the sheets as pages in a photobook. As described herein, these intermediate portions can also be made of the same material as the printed portions. For example, the four pages can be constructed as one continuous sheet having a homogeneous construction in the printed portions and unprinted intermediate portions. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 9A-H , there is illustrated an apparatus used in a method of bending to form the clamp, or binding clip, portion of the present invention, and is used for sheet metal parts. The retainer, which is a rod, dowel or similar shaped solid or hollow part is easily manufactured by, and is well known to, those skilled in the art and its manufacture is not further described herein. Parts  901  and  902  form part of a machine called a press brake that bends sheet metal  903 . The lower part of the press, the die  902 , contains a V shaped groove. The upper part of the press  901  contains a punch at its lower end that will contact and press the sheet metal  903  down into the V shaped groove, causing it to bend. There are several techniques used here, but the most common modern method is “air bending”. Here, the die has a sharper angle than the required bend in the sheet metal (typically 85 degrees for a 90 degree bend) and the upper tool is precisely controlled in its stroke to push the metal down the required amount to bend it through 90 degrees. The opening width of the lower die is typically 8 to 10 times the thickness of the metal to be bent (for example, 5 mm material sheet could be bent in a 40 mm die). The inner radius of the bend formed in the metal is determined not by the radius of the upper tool, but by the lower die width. Typically, the inner radius is equal to ⅙th of the V shaped groove width used in the forming process. 
     The press usually has a back gauge  906  to position depth of the bend along the work piece. The back gauge can be computer controlled to allow the operator to make a series of bends in a component to a high degree of accuracy. Simple machines control only the backstop, more advanced machines control the position and angle of the stop. The machine can also record the exact position and pressure required for each bending operation to allow the operator to achieve a perfect measured degree bend across a variety of operations on the part. 
       FIG. 9A  shows the direction of movement  914  of the sheet metal  903  throughout the  FIGS. 9A-H . The sheet metal is moved until an edge contacts back gauge  906  for depth positioning.  FIG. 9B  shows the direction of movement of punch portion  901  downward in direction  915  toward die  902  to bend sheet metal  903 .  FIG. 9C  shows the punch portion at its lowermost position before being retracted in direction  916  shown in  FIG. 9D . The steps shown in  FIGS. 9E-H  repeat the steps of  FIGS. 9A-D , respectively, moving sheet metal  903  in direction  914  into a new position using the back gauge  906  as shown in  FIG. 9E  to form a bend in the sheet metal  903  adjacent to the bend formed by steps  9 A-D. This procedure can be repeated several times on one piece of sheet metal using different positions of back gauge  906  and different depths of penetration of the punch to form bends of varying angles as necessary. 
     It will be understood that, although specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein for purposes of illustration and explained in detail with particular reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, numerous modifications and all sorts of variations may be made and can be effected within the spirit of the invention and without departing from the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of this invention is limited only by the following claims and their equivalents. 
     PARTS LIST 
     
         
           101  Clip 
           102  Clip 
           103  Clip Bottom 
           104  Clip Side 
           105  Clip End 
           106  Retainer 
           201  Clip 
           204  Clip Side 
           306  Retainer 
           307  Flange 
           308  Cross Section 
           401  Clip 
           404  Clip Side 
           406  Retainer 
           407  Flange 
           415  Sheet or Material 
           420  Sheet 
           421  Page 
           422  Page 
           501  Clip 
           504  Clip Side 
           505  Clip End 
           506  Retainer 
           520  Sheet 
           521  Page 
           522  Page 
           523  Sheet 
           601  Clip 
           603  Clip Bottom 
           604  Clip Side 
           606  Retainer 
           607  Flange 
           660  Direction 
           701  Clip 
           704  Clip Side 
           706  Retainer 
           720  Sheets 
           820  Sheet 
           825  Intermediate Sheet Portion 
           826  Centerline 
           840  Sheet 
           901  Punch 
           902  Die 
           903  Sheet metal 
           906  Gauge 
           914  Direction 
           915  Direction 
           966  Direction