Abstract:
A method optimizes operation of an electrically driven rail vehicle on a predefined route. In order to optimize the known method even further, the costs of the electrical energy which is fed into the route and/or the environmental loading are sensed during the generation of the electrical energy which is fed into the route. The method of locomotion of the rail vehicle on the route is set taking into account the level of the costs of the electrical energy and/or the environmental loading in the generation of the electrical energy for the route.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Field of the Invention 
     The invention relates to a method for optimized operation of an electrically driven rail vehicle on a predefined route. 
     Such a method is known, for example, from the dissertation “Optimierung von Fahrweisen im spurgeführten Verkehr and deren Umsetzung” [Optimization of driving styles in track-bound traffic and implementation thereof], Berlin 2004 by U. Linder (in particular page iii and pages 47 to 53). According thereto, an optimal energy-saving driving style can be achieved by solving a mathematical optimization problem, wherein particular boundary conditions need to be taken into account. The boundary conditions include the topography of the route, the maximum speed on the route, the vehicle data, the route occupancy and the timetable. The energy-saving driving style is determined online, for example, by means of an on-board computer of the rail vehicle using an algorithm. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention is based on the object of optimizing the known method even further. 
     In order to achieve this object, in a method of the type stated at the outset, the costs of the electrical energy fed into the route and/or the environmental pollution when producing the electrical energy fed into the route are acquired according to the invention and the driving style of the rail vehicle on the route is set taking into account the level of the costs of the electrical energy and/or the environmental pollution when producing the electrical energy for the route. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
       The single FIGURE of the drawing is an illustration of a rail vehicle and its associated power sources according to the invention. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention advantageously makes it possible to optimize the driving style of a rail vehicle  1  with respect to the energy costs for traveling on the respectively predefined route  2  and to concomitantly take said driving style into account when optimizing the operating costs. This is because, according to experience, the energy costs on the different routes of a rail network are not the same everywhere but rather are dependent on which energy supplier  3  supplies the respective route  2  with electrical energy. This results in the possibility of traveling relatively quickly on routes which are inexpensive in terms of energy with the creation of a time reserve and of using the time reserve obtained on routes which are expensive in terms of energy by traveling in a relatively slow and therefore relatively cost-effective manner whilst complying with the timetable. 
     The method according to the invention is also advantageous insofar as, in addition or as an alternative to optimizing the energy costs, it also makes it possible to travel in an environmentally friendly manner by taking into account the environmental pollution which is caused when producing the electrical energy fed into the respective route. This is because it is known what environmental pollution is caused by the energy supplier supplying the respective route. The power consumption can be reduced here by traveling in a relatively slow manner on a route which is supplied with electrical energy produced in a very environmentally harmful manner; it is then possible to travel more quickly with a higher energy consumption on a route which is fed with electrical energy produced from hydroelectric power, for example, in order to compensate for the time loss and to comply with the timetable. 
     In one advantageous refinement of the method according to the invention, the costs of the electrical energy are acquired taking into account time-dependent changes in the energy costs. This is because the energy costs may be different daily, monthly or seasonally. 
     In order to practically carry out the method according to the invention, it is advantageous if the costs and/or the environmental pollution are stored, as optimization goals with weighting, in addition to other optimization goals, in a data processing device as a vector, and a choice is made as to which optimization goal is intended to be primarily taken into account. 
     It also appears to be advantageous if the energy consumption for an air-conditioning system  4  is stored as another optimization goal. 
     In this case, the rail vehicle&#39;s own computer unit  5  can be advantageously used as the data processing device. 
     However, it may also be advantageous to use a stationary computer  6  with an information transmission path to the rail vehicle as the data processing device. 
     A data processing device  5 ,  6 , the memory  7  of which stores a vector, is used when carrying out the method according to the invention. Different optimization goals and their weighting are stored in this vector. A stored optimization goal may be, in a known manner, a minimal energy consumption. Another optimization goal is minimal energy costs and minimal environmental pollution, for example minimal CO2 emission. In addition, optimization goals relating to passenger requirements may also possibly be stored. 
     During the journey, the optimization goal which is intended to be optimized is selected from the vector. In this case, the respective optimization goal can be selected by an authorized operator or by a command from a stationary computer using the rail vehicle&#39;s own computer unit. 
     The optimization goals of minimal energy costs and minimal environmental pollution are dependent on the level of the costs of the electrical energy fed into the respectively traveled route and on the environmental pollution caused when producing this electrical energy. This is generally known. If the rail vehicle travels through a route with low energy costs, in order to achieve low energy costs, travel is effected at a comparatively high speed with the acceptance of a relatively high energy consumption if routes to be subsequently traveled cause high energy costs. It is then possible to travel in a relatively slow manner with relatively little energy consumption on the routes with high energy costs. This makes it possible to build up a time reserve on the route traveled first, which time reserve is then used on the routes which are expensive in terms of energy; it is nevertheless possible to comply with the timetable and the energy costs are optimally low. 
     If the environmental pollution is intended to be kept as low as possible as an optimization goal, travel is effected in a comparatively slow manner with little energy consumption with the acceptance of a time deficit on a route which is fed with electrical energy produced in an environmentally harmful manner, for example from lignite. Routes which are subsequently traveled and are fed with electrical energy produced in an environmentally friendly manner, for example from hydroelectric power, are traveled through relatively quickly, as a result of which the time deficit is made up for and the timetable is complied with. Overall, this results in optimally environmentally friendly operation of an electrical rail vehicle. 
     Low energy costs and environmentally friendly travel will be able to be achieved in future, in particular, in European, cross-border rail traffic because electrical energy is fed into the routes in the different countries from very different energy supply networks. In order to achieve the optimization goals described above, it goes without saying that there is a need for route data which need to be taken into account as parameters such as gradient, downhill gradient, curve radii, tunnel resistances, etc. In order to optimize the energy costs, the costs in currency units are taken into account and, in order to optimize the environmental pollution, the composition of the electrical energy supplied is taken into account according to its respective proportion in terms of the CO2 emission when producing these proportions.