Abstract:
A conduit locknut wrench is for use in the electrical trade and designed for tightening and loosening both six and eight tooth conduit locknuts. The conduit locknut wrench allows the electrician the ability to access hard to reach locknuts at any angle and around any obstruction, including other locknuts with or without protruding wires. The small light-weight wrench has very thin dimensions and include a C-shaped head with two arcuate arms, two diametrically opposed engagement teeth, an elongated thin neck, and a handle portion. The handle portion includes a screwdriver leverage hole and an oversized belt clip hole.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
         [0001]    N/A  
         STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT  
         [0002]    N/A  
         REFERENCE TO A MICROFICHE APPENDIX  
         [0003]    N/A  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0004]    This invention relates to the field of hand tools used or carried by an electrician. The conduit locknut wrench is more specifically used for the assembling and disassembling of electrical fittings used by the electrical industry in junction boxes, panels, device boxes etc.  
           [0005]    For years electricians have had difficulty in tightening and loosening conduit locknuts, also called lockrings. From this point they will be referred to herein as “locknuts.” Locknuts are usually found in or around junction boxes, panels and metal boxes, etc. Among electricians it is common to struggle with a locknut. Typically, locknuts are positioned in places that are hard to reach within an enclosure where sharp edges and awkward angles are prevalent. To compound matters the locknut itself has a unique shape that is not easy to grip with any tool that is in use by electricians today. Currently, electricians use a variety of tools all of which are not easy to manipulate and none of which precisely match the shape of the locknut. Tightening and loosening of these locknuts is not a simple and straightforward matter. At present, often several attempts are made using a variety of tools and techniques involving thought and a specific strategy. For the electrician, this can be both time consuming and costly. The locknut is normally left loose because of the difficulty in tightening. There is no tool available to help electricians with this commonly encountered task. Hence the need for the conduit locknut wrench.  
           [0006]    Few tools have been patented in recent years for the use in modem electrical equipment. The older spanner type wrenches would not be as useful today because of recent development with use of mc cable, flood lamp sockets PVC, smerf cable, seal tight water-proof conduit. Of all the patents available, none are on the shelf readily for use or purchase by electricians The spanner type patents include U.S. Pat. No. 1,752,074 issued Mar. 25, 1930 to Gagne; U.S. Pat. No. 2,233,046 issued Feb. 25, 1941 to Bowles; U.S. Pat. No. 2,522,038 issued Sep. 12, 1950 to Houghton; U.S. Pat. No. 2,575,779 issued Nov. 20, 1950 to Young; U.S. Pat. No. 2,830,480 issued Apr. 15, 1958 to Brame; U.S. Pat. No. 3,768,345 issued Oct. 30, 1973 to Barnes; and U.S. Pat. No 4,848,195 issued Jul. 18, 1989 to Hockenberry. All of the patents above were spanner type wrenches including, swivel heads, pivot heads and ratchets used for tubing unions and older electrical connectors. None of these were designed for conduit locknuts or do an adequate job on them. Of all the prior art in existence only two patents relate specifically to conduit locknuts. They are U.S. Pat. No. 5,524,511 issued Jun. 11, 1996 to Taka which is a pivoting socket head with attached handle and U.S. Pat. No. 6,058,813 issued May 9, 2000 to Bryant is a C-shaped pivoting notched head with an extended handle. The similar characteristic is that the wrenches have a shaped head which would fit over or around a locknut.  
           [0007]    The wrenches previously patented are too heavy to carry and too expensive to make for the application at hand. They are also more complex and cannot be machined, stamped or cut simply from one piece of material. The prior art indicates that the wrenches would not have ample turning leverage during the execution of a straight-in approach. Visibility of the teeth during engagement of the locknut is also very difficult. These wrenches cannot be readily or thoughtlessly inserted head first into a junction box or into an electricians tool bag. The previously patented wrenches appear to be excessively large and cumbersome comparatively relative to the size of a locknut itself. While prior claims of the ability to fit around adjacent wires may be correct, the opening for the protruding wires is not adequate because of the angle which the wires must be bent to facilitate the usage of the wrench. The previously patented wrenches all have thick heavyweight designs which could cause the user to over tighten or snap the lightly constructed locknut.  
           [0008]    All of the prior art researched and/or mentioned above have two similar problems. The first and most important problem is the size and weight. Electricians tend to carry the least amount of tools and weight possible. The reason for this is because they are either on a ladder or in a crawl space and need to be able to move around easily. Therefore they carry only the lightest, most useful tools and no others. They will not carry cumbersome and heavy tools regardless of how useful they may be. The second problem encountered by prior art is ease of use. With the use of socket and pivoting tool heads the locknut is not easily sighted, engaged and manipulated with ease. This problem compounds when you have multiple locknuts with protruding wires in a single junction box or panel.  
           [0009]    While these devices might fulfill their respective objectives, the aforementioned patents do not describe a wrench that has the ability to be used in extremely tight, hard to reach areas at any given angle, protruding wires and other locknuts, which are also small enough and light enough to be carried on or in an electricians tool pouch.  
         BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0010]    The present invention overcomes the existing problems in prior art, first and foremost, because it is a simple, light-weight, small, one piece wrench for tightening or loosening conduit locknuts and suited to be carried as part of the electricians tool ensemble. The wrenches are designed for each of the various trade sizes of locknuts. These sizes include ½″, ¾″, 1″, 1-¼″, 1-½″, 2″ and many others.  
           [0011]    The conduit locknut wrench has a C-shaped gripping head section, a neck and a handle. The C-shaped gripping head has two adjacent diametrically opposed teeth designed to fit the recesses of both six and eight tooth conduit locknuts. This is unique because one small wrench can be used on a number of various locknuts. The small C-shaped head ratios allow one to fit the tool into extremely tight areas and grip the nut without having to realign it. The size and shape contribute to the extreme lightness of the tool.  
           [0012]    The arms of the C-shaped head are of sufficient slimness to provide working and engagement space in the numerous circumstances where access may be difficult. This occurs when there is an adjacent locknut or a junction box tab close to the working area. The arms inner diameter is of a size to adequately envelope the entire locknut and to provide a certain amount of free play and allowance for locknut variations. The thinness of the arms lends itself to good visibility during engagement of the nut.  
           [0013]    The neck is of ample hardness to be relatively thin to improve turning radius for more distantly located locknuts. The neck is also thin enough to allow the user to have plenty of feedback during engagement with the nut than a thicker heavier, wrench might not provide.  
           [0014]    The handle is suitably (disproportionately compared to other wrench type tools) wide enough to allow relative ease of leverage when approaching a locknut in a perpendicular fashion (straight in approach). This feature is extremely useful. For example, agricultural and landscape boxes are often deep and full of wires and the locknuts are usually corroded or rusted into place at the bottom of the junction box. The handle also has a hole large enough to insert a screwdriver which is used to provide additional leverage if needed. This tool can approach the conduit locknut from every angle and still open and close with ease while still providing the appropriate leverage for loosening and tightening. These applications can be done with or without wires being in the way. There is also a hole large enough to clip onto a tool belt.  
           [0015]    The conduit locknut wrench is easy to make, easy to carry and does all the tasks well rather than one or two tasks adequately, hence the need for only one tool. It is of a size and weight permitting it to be put inside a pouch or carried on a belt clip. The conduit locknut wrench tool has the simplicity required to bring it to market and presently no such tool is in existence. The electrician will no longer have to struggle with tightening or loosening of locknuts. This invention has solved all of the problems related to any and all of the known prior art and has many extra advantages which have not been incorporated into any tool to date.  
           [0016]    Based on the above, it is the object of this invention is to create a light-weight, easy to use, affordable conduit locknut wrench for electricians, to assist them with their work. Moreover, this invention is to provide a simple, strong, and very useful tool that will allow the electrician to tighten and loosen six and eight tab conduit locknuts with ease. Additionally, to provide a wrench with a head and neck small enough and strong enough to be able to work around all the obstructions normally encountered by electricians such as other locknuts, wires and junction box tabs. It is also the object of this invention to provide a tool that can approach a conduit locknut from any angle or position and still be able to tighten or loosen with the correct amount of leverage.  
           [0017]    The specific nature of the invention, as well as other objects, uses, and advantages thereof, will clearly appear from the following description and from the enclosed drawing.  
         BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS  
         [0018]    The enclosed drawing shows a perspective view of the conduit locknut wrench.  
           [0019]    As an aid in correlating the terms used above with the drawings a list, of elements is provided.  
           [0020]    List of Elements  
           [0021]    [0021] 10  C-Shaped Head  
           [0022]    [0022] 12  Arcuate Arms  
           [0023]    [0023] 14  Engagement Teeth  
           [0024]    [0024] 16  Neck  
           [0025]    [0025] 18  Handle  
           [0026]    [0026] 20  Screwdriver Leverage Hole  
           [0027]    [0027] 22  Belt Clip Hole 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0028]    As illustrated in FIG. 1 the conduit locknut wrench is comprised of three sections the C-shaped head  10 , neck  16  and handle  18  cut out from one solid piece of 1010 sheet steel. The thickness of the material is one tenth of an inch thick so the tool can be either machine punched or cut by laser or water jet. After the tool is cut out it needs to be hardened for strength, which is done to a depth of fifteen thousandths of an inch. The tool is then tumbled and plated completing the construction process.  
         [0029]    The conduit locknut wrench is used like any other wrench. One would simply put the head  10  of the wrench over the locknut and turn the wrench either clockwise or counter clockwise depending on whether you were tightening or loosening.  
         [0030]    The C-shaped head  10  is the main component of the wrench. The head  10  consists of two arcuate arms  12  with teeth  14  for engaging recesses in the conduit locknuts. The head  10  allows gripping of many different types of conduit locknuts. Six and eight tooth locknuts are the most popular and the distance between the engagement teeth  14  will allow gripping from a straight-in approach, lying flat approach or side approach. The opening of the C-shaped head  10  is made to be slightly larger than the teeth  14  of the locknut to contain them before and during the turning operation.  
         [0031]    Arcuate arms  12 , are made thin enough to fit into tight recesses encountered often during engagement of teeth  14  yet strong enough to provide sufficient rigidity during tightening and loosening so that they do not bend or warp, when encountering the expected torque demands of the wrench. The arcuate arms  12  are also designed to be of ample strength not to distort during a straight in or above 45 degree angle approach i.e., when the wrench is perpendicular to the locknut. The arm&#39;s  12  inner diameter is of a size to envelope the entire locknut and to provide a certain amount of free play and allowance for locknut variations. Thinness of arcuate arms  12  and properties of the metal after hardening allow for a certain springiness to the head  10  allowing diversion of teeth  14  slightly (and their return) when gripping a locknut that is larger than the standard. The thinness of the arms  12  also lends itself to good visibility during engagement of the nut. The outer corners of the arcuate arms  12  are slightly rounded to safeguard wires but not so much as to compromise the support area while turning during the straight-in approach. The slightly rounded corners also prevent hooking or biting during insertion into a pouch or when worn on a belt clip.  
         [0032]    The teeth  14  of the C-shaped head  10  are made to grip locknuts sufficiently loose and are designed to accept the differences in the present occurring six and eight tab locknuts. The teeth  14  are diametrically opposed to each other and extend inward to about the depth of a locknut tooth. The dimension of these teeth  14  is critical in making the tool effective. The wrench itself is as thick as the teeth  14  are wide therefore forming a square gripping area that touches the inner valley of the locknut. This is important with regard to the unique and useful straight-in approach ability of the tool. The teeth  14  are located slightly off axis to shorten the awkwardness and hook area during insertion into J-boxes or into a tool pouch. The angle of the teeth  14  also adds strength to the wrench when tightening a locknut.  
         [0033]    The top of the neck  16  is shaped with curvature slightly diminished to provide additional leverage and support for the thin arcuate arms  12 . Neck  16  is long enough to extend to most remotely encountered locknut locations in modern equipment. It&#39;s length is precisely determined for this purpose. The longer neck  16  contributes to a longer turning radius of the wrench. The neck  16  width is sufficiently thin to permit extra turning radius and repositioning of the wrench without hindrance from junction box edges or other cramped working conditions. The thin width of the neck  16  is only enough to provide support and strength needed during a turning operation. yet not too much strength to cause breakage of the locknut with ease. The neck  16  is also sufficiently thin enough to allow the user to have adequate feedback during engagement with the nut that a thicker, heavier wrench might not provide. The bottom of the neck  16  is shaped with curvature slightly increasing into the handle  18  to provide additional leverage and support.  
         [0034]    The rounded top corners of the handle  18  supply additional leverage verses non rounded corners. The handle  18  is designed to be long enough to fit comfortably in the average persons hand and wide enough to provide the correct amount of leverage to open even the tightest of locknuts. The widening of the handle  18  begins far enough down to allow access to the deepest located locknuts yet is thick enough and hard enough to not bend or give way with the forces encountered during a straight-in approach. The handle  18  is sufficiently wide enough to allow relative ease of leverage when approaching a locknut in perpendicular fashion (straight-in approach). The rounded bottom corners of the handle  18  feel better in your hand when gripping. Portions of the handle may or may not be dipped in insulating type material like rubber or plastic.  
         [0035]    The screwdriver leverage hole  20  may be used when additional leverage is needed to break loose a tight conduit locknut. The screwdriver is inserted into the hole  20  and then gripped on either side, for more leverage during turning.  
         [0036]    The belt clip cut out  22  is used to clip the tool onto your tool pouch or belt.  
         [0037]    As to the matter of usage and operation of the present invention, the same should be apparent from the above description. Accordingly, no further discussion relating to the manner of usage and operation will be provided.  
         [0038]    With respect to the above description, it is to be realized that the optimum dimensional relationship for the parts of the invention, to including variations in size, material, shape, form, function, manner of operation and use are deemed readily apparent and obvious to one skilled in the art. All equivalent relationship to those illustrated in the drawings and described in the specifications are intended to be encompassed by the present invention.  
         [0039]    Therefore, the foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the invention. Likewise since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shown and described. Accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention.