Abstract:
A plug for the aattachment of a threaded fastener in a throughbore in sheet material, particularly metal sheet, comprising a plug body adapted to be plugged into the throughbore and having a bore oriented in plugging direction, wherein the body has a sealing collar forming a stop during plugging action, the collar extending radially outwardly and having an annular sealing surface facing in plugging direction.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention relates to a screw grommet (or plug) used for fastening panels together and to a method for manufacturing such a plug. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART 
     Generally plugs are connection elements which are pushed or pressed into preformed holes in order to connect two components by friction or wedging. 
     For fastening screws in bores of a component there are known various forms of plug which vary depending on the nature and the material of the component and/or of the screw. For fastening screws in through-bores in sheet material, in particular metal sheet, so-called grommets are known. These consist usually of plastic. They are inserted into the through-bore where they are prepositioned by way of a slight press fit and/or by way of saw-tooth-shaped projections on their outer contour. Subsequently a screw is screwed into a fastening bore in the grommet, the fastening bore being orientated in the plugging direction, wherein usually the thread of the screw digs into a corresponding contour of the walling of the fastening bore. With this the screw widens the grommet or plug sticking in the bore, by which means a rigid friction and/or positive fit connection to the wall of the bore arises. A component which is to be fastened to the surface of the metal sheet is then held under the head of the screw and via the screw and the grommet is rigidly connected to the surface of the metal sheet. 
     Such a fastening is particularly applied in the construction of automobiles in order for example to fasten bumper strips or number plate holders to the car body or to attach wheel housing shells in the wheel guard. 
     In order to ensure corrosion protection it is necessary that after the attachment of the grommet and of the screw, moisture may no longer penetrate into the inner side of the metal sheet. For this usually sealing rings are applied which must be preassembled with the grommet or the through-bore, or sealing masses are attached at suitable locations before the assembly of the grommet. This is particularly disadvantageous with the large scale production in automobile construction since every additional assembly step, thus also the attachment of seals, causes additional costs. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is the object of the invention to supply a plug for fastening a screw in a through-bore of a sheet material, in particularly metal sheet, and a method for its manufacture which seals the through-bore when the screw is fastened. 
     According to the invention this object is achieved by a plug for fastening a screw in a through-bore of a sheet material, in particular a metal sheet which has a plug body dimensioned to be insertable into the throughbore, and a fastening bore, for receiving a screw, which is orientated in the direction of plugging. Preferably accordingly the plug body extends elongately around the fastening bore and is preferably cylindrical, e.g. circularly cylindrical, or tapers somewhat towards its tip. According to the invention a sealing collar extends radially outwards around the plug body and on plugging the plug into the through-bore serves as an abutment. The sealing collar comprises an annular, e.g. circular annular sealing surface which is orientated in the direction of plugging and sealingly cooperates with the surface of the edge of the metal sheet through-bore when the sealing collar abuts here on insertion of the plug into the through-bore. Preferably the fastening bore in the plug body is a blind hole whose wall has an uninterrupted surface and integrally connects to the sealing surface. This has the effect that the plug completely sealingly closes the through-bore as soon as the sealing surface completely occludes with the edge of the through-bore. 
     Preferably the sealing surface is a sealing lip which projects in the plugging direction axially from the sealing collar and sealingly forms possible unevenness of the surface of the edge of the through-bore. This also permits the use of the plugs with metal sheets of thickness which are different within certain limits. 
     Preferably at least the sealing surface of the sealing collar is formed of a softer plastic than the plug body. By way of this these two elements of the plug according to the invention meet their respective demands particularly well: the hard plastic of the plug body may ensure the demanded strength and stiffness for a secure connection of the metal sheet to the screw, whilst the soft plastic may be flexibly adapted to the surface of the metal sheet and thus seals particularly well. 
     Preferably such a plug is manufactured by way of a method according to the invention, in which firstly the plug body of the first, hard plastic is injection moulded in the known manner in a first mould, the plug body is then applied into a second mould in which the sealing collar of the soft, second plastic is injection moulded around the plug body. The second plastic is preferably an elastomer. 
     An alternative method according to the invention envisages the plug body to be manufactured from the first hard plastic with the sealing collar of the second, soft plastic simultaneously in a suitable known 2-component tool of a suitable injection molding machine. 
     The plug body comprises on its outer contour preferably saw-tooth-shaped projections which in the plugging direction axially in front of the sealing collar are arranged uniformly distributed on the circumference of the sealing body and whose inclination in the plugging direction runs flatly so that on inserting the plug they slide through the through-bore without great resistance, the other flank however being so steep that the plug, i.e. under bias of the sealing lip does not press itself out of the through-bore. The plug may according to the invention also comprise more than one set of saw-tooth-shaped projections, wherein the sets then are arranged at different distances from the sealing collar in order to be able to use the plugs with metal sheets of still differing metal sheet thicknesses. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The invention is hereinafter described with reference to the appended drawings. 
     FIG. 1 shows a sectioned lateral view of a plug according to the invention. 
     FIG. 2 shows an unsectioned plan view of the plug according to FIG. 1 
     FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the plug according to FIG. 1, which is sectioned along line B—B in FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 4 shows the lateral view according to FIG. 1 unsectioned with a metal sheet with a through-bore. 
     FIG. 5 shows the plug according to FIG. 1 in a screwing of a plastic part to a metal sheet. 
     FIG. 6 shows a special lateral view of an alternative embodiment form of a plug according to the invention with several sets of saw-tooth-shaped projections for differing metal sheet thicknesses. 
     FIG. 7 shows a sectioned lateral view of the tip of the plug body as a cutout of an alternative embodiment form of a plug according to the invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     FIG. 1 shows the sectioned lateral view of a plug or grommet  2  according to the invention. The plug  2  comprises an elongate plug body  4  with a fastening bore  6  for a screw (not shown). The plug body  4  consists of plastic. The wall of the fastening bore  6  has webs running in the longitudinal direction into which the thread of the screw digs when this screw is screwed into the plug  2 . Alternative formations of the inner contour of the fastening bore are possible in all conceivable shapes which are suitable for anchoring screw-like or similar fastening means. Also a smooth inner contour with e.g. a cylindrical shaping tapering conically into the bore is accordingly possible. 
     The fastening bore  6  is formed as a blind hole in the plug body  4 , which means that the inner space of the fastening bore  6  with the exception of its entry opening is completely enclosed by the plug body  4  and does not comprise any further perforations. At the end which lies opposite the end of the elongate body  4  at which the entry opening of the fastening bore is formed, the plug body is provided with a rounded tip  8 . With the tip in front, the plug  2  is inserted into a preformed through-passage bore ( 20  in FIG. 4) in a metal sheet. This plugging movement is limited by a sealing collar  10  which extends radically outwards around the plug body  4 . The sealing collar  10  comprises a circular annular sealing surface  12  which in the shape of a sealing lip  12  is orientated and projects axially in the plugging direction, that is to say in FIG. 1 downwards. The metal sheet  14  abuts against the sealing lip  12  (this may be recognized with reference to FIG. 5) when the plug  2  is completely inserted into a through-passage bore in the metal sheet  14 . With this the sealing lips depending on the metal sheet thickness deforms to a differing extent and permits thus the use of the plug  2  according to the invention with metal sheets having difference thicknesses with certain limits. 
     The sealing lip  12  consists of a second plastic which is softer that the plastic of which the sealing body  4  consists. By way of this the sealing lip  12  is more flexible and may better form on the surface of the metal sheet and occlude tightly with the edge of the through-bore in the metal sheet. 
     The sealing lip  12  is injection moulded around the sealing body  4  so that there arises the integral component  1  represented in FIG. 1 with a plug body  4  of rigid stiff material for a solid connection and a sealing collar  10  with the sealing lip  12  of a soft flexible plastic for a reliable sealing. 
     So that on injection molding the sealing collar  10  around the plug body  4  there arises an intimate connection between the two different plastics, the plug body  4  comprises a collar shoulder  16  which extends radially outwards around the plug body  4  and has anchoring channels  18  into which the soft plastic of the sealing lip  13  flows when injecting the sealing lip  12  around the plug body  4  and ensures a large-surfaced anchoring of the soft plastic. 
     In FIG. 2 it can be recognized that the anchoring channels  18  in the collar shoulder  16  of the sealing collar  10  are uniformly distributed on the circumference at four locations. Furthermore it can be recognized that the sealing lip  12  extends concentrically around the opening of the fastening bore  6  for the screw (not shown). Also here it is clear that with a sealed closure of the sealing lip  12  with the edge of a through-bore in a metal sheet this through bore is completely sealed by the plug  2  because the fastening bore, as is already recognizable in FIG. 1, is formed as a blind hole without further perforation whose wall integrally connects to the sealing lip  12 . 
     FIG. 3 shows a section through the plug body  4  along B—B in FIG.  1  and makes clear that the plug body  4  in its middle region between the insert end with the tip  8  and the end with the entry opening of the fastening bore  6  is formed cylindrically and specifically square cylindrically. This plug  2  is thus provided for a through-bore in a metal sheet with a square contour of a corresponding edge length. Of course the plug  2  may also be designed for circular through-bores in metal sheets and accordingly have a circularly cylindrical plug body  4 . 
     FIG. 4 show the plug  2  according to FIG. 1 unsectioned, shortly before it is inserted into a through-bore  20  in a metal sheet  14 . Recognizable is the not yet deformed sealing lip  12  which with a completely inserted plug  2  forms the abutment and sealing surface, which is shown with respect to FIG.  5 . 
     In FIG. 5 the plug  2  is completely inserted into the through-passage in the region  14 , and a plastic part  22  is fastened on the metal sheet  14  with a screw which is screwed into the fastening bore of the plug  2 . From FIG. 4 it is clear that the plastic part  22  from the head of the screw  24  is not pressed directly onto the metal sheet  14  but against the upper side of the sealing collar  10  of the plug  2  which offers the additional advantage of decoupling oscillations between the metal sheet  14  and the plastic part  22  with a connection by way of the plug  2  according to the invention. 
     Furthermore with reference to FIG. 5 it is recognizable that saw-tooth-shaped projections  26  which are arranged uniformly on the circumference in the plugging direction in front of the sealing collar  10  hold the plug  2  on prepositioning on the through-bore of the metal sheet  14  and prevent the plug  2  under bias of the deformed sealing lip  12  from being pressed out of the prepositioning. The saw-tooth-shaped projection  26  for this comprise a flank running flatly in the plugging direction so that the saw-tooth-shaped projections  26  on plugging the plug through the through-bore may slide through without great resistance. The other flank of the saw-tooth-shaped projection  26  is in contrast so steep that it lockingly cooperates with the edge of the through-bore and blocks the plug  2  against a pulling out of the through-bore. 
     In order to be able to further vary the metal sheet thickness than the elasticity of the sealing lip permits, according to FIG. 6 the plug  2  in one formation of the invention may also comprise more than one set of saw-tooth-shaped projections  26 , wherein the sets are arranged differently distanced from the sealing collar  10 . The plug is then inserted so far into the preformed bore in the metal sheet until the sealing lip  12  completely and slightly biased bears against the upper side of the metal sheet (not shown), wherein those sets of saw-tooth-shaped projections  26  whose distance to the sealing lip lower side corresponds to the metal sheet thickness engage with the lower side of the bore (not shown). In the embodiment form shown in FIG. 6 each of the in total three sets of saw-tooth-shaped projections  26  are in each case formed by a pair of saw-tooth-shaped projections of which in the view represented in each case only one saw-tooth-shaped projection can be recognized, whilst the associated other one is arranged covered on the oppositely lying side of the square cylindrical plug body  4 . The pair of saw-tooth-shaped projections  26  which is closet to the sealing collar  10  is located on both, in this perspective lateral, surfaces of the square-cylindrical plug body  4 , the pair of saw-tooth-shaped projections  26  which is further away from the sealing collar  10  is located on the front and rear surface of the square-cylindrical plug body  4  and the pair of saw-tooth-shaped projections  26  with the middle distance to the sealing collar  10  is arranged on diagonally opposite edges  28  between these surface pairs. The saw-tooth-shaped projections  26  of this pair with the middle distance to the sealing collar  10 , for an easier spring deflection on inserting through the bore, are undercut in the metal sheet. Also the other edge pair  30  may comprise a further pair of saw-tooth-shaped projections with yet another distance to the sealing collar in order to further extend the possible range of metal sheet thicknesses. 
     According to FIG. 7 in a further embodiment form of the invention the plug body  4  at its rounded tip  8  comprises lines of weakness  32  which however do not perforate the plug body. These for letting the tip  8  tear in a controlled manner with the use (e.g. unintentional) of a screw which is too long which thus with reference to FIG. 5 with a fastening with the plug  4  projects through the tip, so that the tear edges may sealingly bear against the screw which here penetrates through.