Abstract:
Smart wearable devices and methods are disclosed for providing feedback for optimal placement of the wearable device. This includes systems and methods to lock or unlock a wearable device and/or notify external wearable/non-wearable devices depending on the states of the wearer by sending notification or providing feedback if mispositioned or repositioned on the wearer. A system and method are disclosed for providing a user indication of proper placement of a wearable device by providing feedback based on acquired bio-signal quality. In one embodiment, bio-signal quality is acquired by comparing a computed signal to noise ratio to that of an expected signal.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application is a 35 U.S.C. §111(a) continuation of PCT international application number PCT/US2015/016679 filed on Feb. 19, 2015, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, which claims priority to, and the benefit of, U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 61/943,837 filed on Feb. 24, 2014, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Priority is claimed to each of the foregoing applications. 
         [0002]    The above-referenced PCT international application was published as PCT International Publication No. WO 2015/127119 A2 on Aug. 27, 2015, which publication is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
     
    
     INCORPORATION-BY-REFERENCE OF COMPUTER PROGRAM APPENDIX 
       [0003]    Not Applicable 
       NOTICE OF MATERIAL SUBJECT TO COPYRIGHT PROTECTION 
       [0004]    A portion of the material in this patent document is subject to copyright protection under the copyright laws of the United States and of other countries. The owner of the copyright rights has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the United States Patent and Trademark Office publicly available file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever. The copyright owner does not hereby waive any of its rights to have this patent document maintained in secrecy, including without limitation its rights pursuant to 37 C.F.R. §1.14. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0005]    1. Field of the Technology 
         [0006]    This technology pertains generally to smart wearable devices. 
         [0007]    2. Discussion 
         [0008]    One type of wearable device measures parameters related to the body, for example pulse rate, or respiration rate, or EMG, or spatial range of limb motion, etc. Accuracy and/or efficiency of such measurements can be affected by placement of the wearable device on the body. 
         [0009]    The optimal placement of a wearable device on the body is often not apparent to the user/wearer of the wearable device. This can be due to a number of reasons. For example, the user/wearer would normally not have sufficient knowledge of the signal being measured or the technology being used for measurement, and hence would not know the optimal placement to improve performance of the wearable device via improved signal measurement. From a usability perspective, the user should not be burdened with requirements of such knowledge. Further, even expert users skilled in physiology and biosensors may not be able to ascertain the best position of placement without detailed measurements, since the signals of interest generated or related to the body are not directly observable by the user/wearer. Using the example of an ECG sensing wearable device above, the user may not realize that the wearable device&#39;s performance specifications would prevent it from measuring an ECG signal when placed vertically on the person&#39;s chest, or in any orientation on a the person&#39;s lower arm. 
         [0010]    For instance, a smart-watch may not be able to detect if it is worn on the left or right wrist, at which exact position on the arm, how tightly fitting (or loose) on the wrist. Similarly, a set of wearable smart-glasses does not generally have any precise measurement of the wearer&#39;s eye distance, nose shape, or position of the branches of the frame around the ears. This has an implication not only to get the most accurate reading for a wearer, but also to adapt the sensing parameters to each individual&#39;s morphology. Indeed, today&#39;s wearable devices are generally only relying on user-input parameters (e.g. age, gender, height, weight . . . ) to fine-tune their algorithms, but this may be very coarse and imprecise given the unique characteristics of body shapes, internal organs&#39; positioning (and ethnical variations). 
         [0011]    Having multiple physical sizes for wearable devices is a primitive solution, but increases the overall cost structure for vendors/OEMs (and distributors) as multiple models have to be carried through. This therefore results in sub-optimal sensing and also the inability for a wearable device to inform the wearer about the fact that it is currently not positioned correctly—or where the optimal position would be in the wearer&#39;s unique case. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY 
       [0012]    Smart wearable devices and methods are disclosed having feedback for optimal placement of the wearable device. This includes systems and methods to lock or unlock a wearable device and/or notify external wearable/non-wearable devices depending on the states of the wearer by sending notification or providing feedback if mis-positioned or repositioned on the wearer. 
         [0013]    One aspect of the present technology is a system and method for providing for the wearable device to become “self-aware” of its own positioning (such as absolute and relative location on the body, ankle, and tightness of fitting . . . ) and its dynamic evolution over time. This information can be stored and used by the wearable device itself, as well as uploaded in the background to remote/Cloud-based server systems for various decision-making or notification. 
         [0014]    Another aspect is smart wearable devices and methods having bio-signal feedback for optimal placement of the wearable device. 
         [0015]    A further aspect of the present technology is a system and method for providing a user indication of proper placement of a wearable device by providing feedback based on acquired bio-signal quality. In one embodiment, bio-signal quality is acquired by comparing a computed signal to noise ratio to that of an expected signal. 
         [0016]    In one embodiment, a feedback signal is generated via the emission source, wherein the feedback signal indicates a proximity of the one or more sensors with respect to the biometric signal as a function of the one or more signal properties of a biometric signal. In the case here signals from more than one sensors are considered in the estimation of signal properties, these sensors may be on the same physical device, or may be distributed across more than one physical device. Typically, the more than one physical devices in this case sense signals from the same user. 
         [0017]    Further aspects of the technology will be brought out in the following portions of the specification, wherein the detailed description is for the purpose of fully disclosing preferred embodiments of the technology without placing limitations thereon. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING(S) 
         [0018]    The technology described herein will be more fully understood by reference to the following drawings which are for illustrative purposes only: 
           [0019]      FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a smart wearable network described herein. 
           [0020]      FIG. 2  is a functional block diagram of an embodiment of a smart wearable device described herein. 
           [0021]      FIG. 3  is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a smart wearable device in the form of eye-wear having positional feedback. 
           [0022]      FIG. 4  is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a smart wearable device in the form of a wrist strap having positional feedback. 
           [0023]      FIG. 5  is a schematic component diagram of embodiments of a system of smart wearable devices having positional feedback in accordance with the present description. 
           [0024]      FIG. 6  shows a flow diagram of a method for providing positional feedback for a wearable device as described herein. 
           [0025]      FIG. 7  is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a smart wearable device and system having bio-signal feedback. 
           [0026]      FIG. 8  schematic component diagram of an embodiment of a smart wearable device having bio-signal feedback 
           [0027]      FIG. 9  shows a flow diagram of a method for providing bio-signal feedback for a wearable device as described herein. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0028]    The present disclosure generally pertains to wearable devices that are capable of, for example, performing an action based on one or more biological or physiological characteristics of the user wearing the device. Using one or more sensors, a processor, and code executable on the processor, a wearable device can be configured to sense and process characteristics that include, but are not limited to, a wearer&#39;s physical characteristics such as gender, weight, height, body temperature, skin temperature, heart rate, respiration, blood sugar level, blood glucose level, stress/fatigue, galvanic skin response, ingestion (protein), digestion rate, metabolic rate, blood chemistry, sweat, core and skin temperature, vital signs, eye dryness, tooth decay, gum disease, energy storage, calorie burn rate, mental alertness, cardiac rhythm, sleep patterns, caffeine content, vitamin content, hydration, blood oxygen saturation, blood coritzol level, blood pressure, cholesterol, lactic acid level, body fat, protein level, hormone level, muscle mass, pH, etc. Such conditions may also include, but are not limited to, position (e.g., prone, upright), movement, or physical state (e.g., sleeping, exercising), etc. 
         [0029]    A wearable device may include one or more output devices that include, but are not limited to, haptic output devices (e.g., offset motors, electroactive polymers, capacitive voltage generators, Peltier temperature elements, contracting materials, Braille coding actuators), telemetry devices, visual devices, audible devices, and other output devices. 
         [0030]    A wearable device may include artificial intelligence so that the device can learn and adapt to the wearer. The device may be configured to accurately discriminate between erroneous (accidental, unintended, etc.) and valid sensory inputs, thereby developing accurate conclusions about a wearer&#39;s physical state or characteristics (e.g., the device does not interpret a wearer rolling over in their sleep as the wearer exercising). The device may also include one or more cameras or other visual sensors for facial, user, or other image recognition. A wearable device may also be configured to transmit information to and/or retrieve information from a wearer&#39;s digital health history. 
         [0031]    A wearable device may be configured to output information to a user, to another wearable device, to a non-wearable device, or to a network according to the particular features and function of the device. 
         [0032]    A. Generalized System Implementation. 
         [0033]      FIG. 1  illustrates a generalized networked infrastructure (e.g., system)  100  that includes a network  102 . The network could, for example, be a local area network or a wide area network such as the Internet. One or more smart wearable devices  104 - 1  through  104 - n  according to embodiments of the technology described herein may be enabled to communicate with the network  102  through a wired or wireless connection  106 . Further, one or more of the smart wearable devices may be enabled to communicate with another smart wearable device through the network  102  or by means of a direct wired or wireless connection  108 . 
         [0034]    One or more of the smart wearable devices  104 - 1  through  104 - n  also may be enabled to communicate with one or more non-wearable devices  110 - 1  through  110 - n.  The non-wearable devices, which are beyond the scope of this disclosure, may be any conventional “smart” device with a processor, associated operating system, and communications interface. Examples of non-wearable devices include Smartphones, tablet computers, laptop computers, desktop computers, and set top boxes. Any of the non-wearable devices may be of a type enabled to communicate with an external device through a wired or wireless connection. In that case, one or more of the smart wearable devices may be enabled to communicate with one or more of the non-wearable devices by means of a direct wired or wireless connection  112 . Further, one or more of the non-wearable devices may be of a type enabled to communicate with the network  102  through a standard wired or wireless connection  114 . In that case, one or more of the smart wearable devices may be enabled to communicate with one or more of the non-wearable devices through the network  102 . 
         [0035]    One or more servers  116 - 1  through  116 - n  may be provided in a client-server configuration and connected to the network by means of a wired or wireless connection  118 . The servers may include standalone servers, cluster servers, networked servers, or servers connected in an array to function like a large computer. In that case, one or more of the smart wearable devices may be enabled to communicate with one or more of the servers. 
         [0036]      FIG. 2  illustrates a generalized embodiment of a smart wearable device according to the technology described herein. It will be appreciated that the embodiment shown may be modified or customized to enable performing the functions described herein. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the smart wearable device includes an “engine”  200  having a processor  202 , memory  204 , and application software code  206 . The processor  202  can be any suitable conventional processor. The memory  204  may include any suitable conventional RAM type memory and/or ROM type memory with associated storage space for storing the application programming code  206 . 
         [0037]    A conventional wired or wireless communications module  208  (e.g., transmitter or receiver or transceiver) may be included as needed for performing one or more of the functions of the smart wearable device described herein. Examples of wireless communication capabilities that can be provided include, but are not limited to, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, infrared, cellular, and near field communication. One or more conventional interfaces or controllers  210  may also be provided if needed. Examples of interfaces or controllers include, but are not limited to, analog to digital converters, digital to analog converters, buffers, etc. 
         [0038]    The device may include at least one input  212  for a biological or physiological sensor for providing input to the device to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Sensor inputs  214 - 1  through  214 - n  for optional sensors may be included as well. These optional input sensors may include, but are not limited to, accelerometers, temperature sensors, altitude sensors, motion sensors, position sensors, and other sensors to perform the function(s) described herein. One or more conventional interfaces or controllers  216  may be provided if needed for the sensors. Examples of interfaces or controllers include, but are not limited to, analog to digital converters, digital to analog converters, buffers, etc. 
         [0039]    Additionally, the device may include one or more outputs  218 - 1  through  218 - n  to drive one or more output devices (and include those output devices). These output devices may include, but are not limited to, haptic output devices, telemetry devices, visual devices, audible devices, and other output devices to perform the functions described herein. One or more conventional interfaces or controllers  220  may be provided if needed for the output devices. Examples of interfaces or controllers include, but are not limited to, analog to digital converters, digital to analog converters, buffers, etc. 
         [0040]    A user input  222  may be provided according to the functions described herein. The user input may, for example, initiate one or more functions, terminate one or more functions, or intervene in a running process. The user input can be any conventional input device, including but not limited to, manual switches, touch sensors, magnetic sensors, proximity sensors, etc. One or more conventional interfaces or controllers  224  may be provided if needed for the output devices. Examples of interfaces or controllers include, but are not limited to, analog to digital converters, digital to analog converters, buffers, etc. 
         [0041]    Depending on the function(s) described herein, the engine  200  may also include a feedback loop  226  for machine learning or other adaptive functions. The feedback loop may also provide for device calibration. 
         [0042]    It will be appreciated that a smart wearable device as described herein would necessarily include a housing or carrier for the above-described components. It will further be appreciated that, as used herein, the term “smart wearable device” means a device that would be worn or otherwise associated with the body of a user and be “connected” to the user by means of at least one sensor for sensing one or more biological or physiological conditions of the user. 
         [0043]    The particular form of the housing or carrier (i.e., wearable platform) can vary according to choice and suitability for performing the functions described herein. Examples of wearable platforms include, but are not limited to, hand worn devices, finger worn devices, wrist worn devices, head worn devices, arm worn devices, leg worn devices, angle worn devices, foot worn devices, toe worn devices, watches, eyeglasses, rings, bracelets, necklaces, articles of jewelry, articles of clothing, shoes, hats, contact lenses, gloves, etc. 
         [0044]    It will further be appreciated that the input sensors and output devices may be integrated into the wearable platform, or may be external to the wearable platform, as is desired and/or suitable for the function(s) of the smart wearable device. 
         [0045]    B. Smart Wearable Device with Bio-Signal Feedback 
         [0046]    The disclosed devices and methods facilitate the acquisition of accessible feedback regarding placement of the wearable device on the body. As used herein, the term “body” may comprise the wearer&#39;s own body, or another person&#39;s body, or body of another animal or living thing. As used herein, the term “accessible” refers to feedback that can be perceived by the user using regular senses such as sight, hearing, touch, etc. 
         [0047]    Presented in  FIG. 3  is a schematic diagram of eyewear  300  (e.g. “smart glasses”) for providing location feedback with respect to a wearable device, e.g. in accordance with smart wearable device  104 - 1  (see  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 ) and one or more signals. In addition to biological/physiological sensors, the wearable device  300  has one or more dedicated sensor(s) embedded, attached, or otherwise coupled to frame  310  for the sole purpose of acquiring position data to measure the position/state of the wearable device  300 , and/or biological/physiological sensors, with respect to the user. 
         [0048]    For example, the nose pads  314   b  of smart-glasses may include a pressure sensor to detect when the pair of glasses is being lifted from the wearer&#39;s face  302 . 
         [0049]    Sensor  314  a may be a combined-purpose sensor for detecting the position/state of the wearable device  300  with respect to the user  302 , and also be used to detect biological/physiological signals of the user  302 . For example, sensor  314   a  may send an illumination signal  316  toward the patients retina (e.g. retina scanner) for the purpose of acquiring biometric data with respect to the user  320 , while also providing information about the location of the glasses  300  with respect to the user  302  (e.g. for calibration). 
         [0050]    Sensor  312  may be purposed as a dedicated biometric/physiological sensor for measuring signal  318  that is wholly unrelated to calibration or the position/state of the device  300  with respect to the user  302 . 
         [0051]      FIG. 4  shows an exemplary wrist-based sensing wearable device  350  having a housing  360  and wrist band  352  that re-uses one or more existing sensors  362  (which are actively participating in the useful sensing of body parameters of user  304  via signal  364 ) for the purpose of the wearable device&#39;s own calibration of the position/state of the device  350 . This may be achieved through a combination of measuring skin contact/conduction, acceleration and gyroscopy, or other sensing measurements. It is appreciated that wearable device  350  may also have dedicated components/sensors for calibration, as shown in wearable device  300 . 
         [0052]    The dual or sole purpose sensors shown in  FIG. 3  and  FIG. 4  may comprise one or more of tension/pressure-sensitive sensors embedded into fabric/textile, jitter sensor (to detect loose fitting), pressure/contact sensor on the watch&#39;s wristband (to know at which hole is the watch&#39;s hook attached) or on the nose pads of smart-glasses (to detect when the pair of glasses is being lifted from the wearer&#39;s face), among other types of sensors known in the art. 
         [0053]    It is appreciated that the systems and methods of the present disclosure may be used on a number of devices for measuring different types of biometric signals where location of the sensors has an impact on the environmental/biological data being acquired. For example, system  350  may be configured for use in acquiring pulse rate for a heart rate monitor, EMG, spatial range of limb motion, blood oxygenation for a pulse oximeter, temperature, etc. 
         [0054]      FIG. 5  shows a schematic diagram of a system  400  of components comprising the eyewear  300  and wrist band  350 . It is appreciated that wearable devices  300  and  350  may also include additional circuitry as shown in the wearable device  104 - 1  in  FIG. 2 . 
         [0055]    Sensors  312 ,  362  may receive signals  316 ,  364  respectively that are used for calibrating devices  300 ,  350 . In the case of device  350 , signal  364  may also be a biometric signal, whereas for device  300  only signal  316  is used for calibration via calibration sensor  314   a  or  314   b,  and biometric signal  318  and  318  is received by application sensor  318 . Devices  300 ,  350  preferably both comprise memory for holding application software  326  that drives calibration processes on processor  320 , as well as for storing calibration settings  328  of varying strength depending on the location of the sensors  312 . Upon receiving the biometric signals,  318  (or  364  for device  350 ) the application programming  326  (which may comprise code  206  in  FIG. 2 , or a module thereof) may also analyze the incoming data for various purposes. 
         [0056]    Wireless circuitry/interface  322 ,  366  (e.g. Wifi, Bluetooth, etc.) may also be provided so that data can be sent to or received from (in an encrypted way to ensure privacy and anonymity) to a remote/Cloud-based application server  330  (e.g. over Internet  332 ), whose access would be granted (or revoked) to 3rd-parties such as healthcare professionals, live venues, pharmaceutical companies so that they would set the specific rules governing the position and removal of the wearable device. Once those rules are set, they can be pushed automatically in a dedicated, secure (and temper-proof) part (e.g. settings module  328 ) of the wearable device&#39;s internal memory  324 , so that the wearable device&#39;s processing algorithms  326  get the reference of optimal position, as well as the set of action to trigger whenever the wearable device  300 ,  350  is removed from the wearer&#39;s body. 
         [0057]    In one embodiment, feedback signal (not shown) may comprise an audible sound indicating placement on the human body, with the amplitude of the sound increasing as the signal strength (e.g. SNR or the like) increases. 
         [0058]      FIG. 6  illustrates a method  500  for providing positional feedback for a wearable device in accordance with the present description. Method  500  may be implemented as application programming  326  ( FIG. 5 ) and/or code  206  ( FIG. 2 ). At step  502 , the sensor information (e.g. bio-signals  316  or  364 ) are acquired by the sensors (e.g.  314   a,    314   b  or  362 ). Pre-processing may be performed at this step (e.g. filtering, amplification, and then processed in analog domain or digitized and processed in digital domain, and in spatial and/frequency domain). Pattern recognition may also be applied to identify the signal of interest (in either digital or analog domain). 
         [0059]    At step  504 , the acquired data is uploaded to a remote server (e.g. application server  330 ). Pre-processing and pattern recognition may also be performed at the remote server  330 . 
         [0060]    At step  506 , the device settings may be retrieved from the remote server  330 , and then stored in memory  328  at step  508 . 
         [0061]    At step  510 , the retrieved settings may then be applied to the device as a function of the acquired data from step  502  for adjustment of one or more parameters of the device for daily operation of the wearable device  300 ,  350 , particularly in light of functionality in sensing biometric data from the user. 
         [0062]    The position optimization systems and methods may be used in a wide variety of applications, such as, but not limited to: 
         [0063]    1) Informing a patient of the most optimal positioning location for a health tracker based on his own physical condition or treatment. Such device may also include hardware and software for notifying healthcare professional in case such position remains sub-optimal for a certain period of time, or when the wearable device is removed altogether from the wearer&#39;s body while it supposed to be worn given a specific time period. 
         [0064]    2) Implementation in wearable entertainment devices (such as wearable controls for video-gaming, e.g. bodily worn game controllers), thus negating the need for manual calibration by the user. 
         [0065]    3) Ensuring compliance for healthcare monitoring, e.g. ensuring that the patient does keep their wearable device tracking their body signals at all the times configured by the healthcare professionals or pharmaceutical company. 
         [0066]    4) Avoiding forgery or illicit usage (e.g. in this case, the wearable device  300 ,  350  also holds information in memory  324  that corresponds to an electronic ticket to amusement parks, venues or live events, and removal of the wearable device  300 ,  350  from wearer A to wearer B (as sensed by sensor  362 ,  312 , etc., e.g. via body temperature or other biometric signal  318 ,  364 ) would automatically void the credit or transaction). 
         [0067]    C. Smart Wearable Device with Bio-Signal Feedback 
         [0068]    The disclosed devices and methods facilitate the acquisition of accessible feedback regarding placement of the wearable device on the body. As used herein, the term “body” may comprise the wearer&#39;s own body, or another person&#39;s body, or body of another animal or living thing. As used herein, the term “accessible” refers to feedback that can be perceived by the user using regular senses such as sight, hearing, touch, etc. The feedback may be provided to the wearer, or to a person other than the wearer of the device. In the latter case, the non-wearer may be attaching the device to the wearer. 
         [0069]    Presented in  FIG. 7  is a schematic diagram of a system  600  for providing location feedback with respect to a wearable device, e.g. in accordance with smart wearable device  104 - 1  (see  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 ) and one or more biometric signals.  FIG. 7  shows an exemplary ECG sensing wearable device  600  that may included a chest mount  610 , wrist mount  620 , or both. Chest mount housing  610  may include a plurality of sensors  612  and chest strap  614 , while the wrist-based device may include a wrist strap  620  and sensor  622 . It is also appreciated that housing  610  may also comprise adhesive-based foam/cloth/tape backing (without strap) commonly used in the art for ECG electrodes/leads. 
         [0070]    It is appreciated that the system  600  of  FIG. 7  is shown as in a preferred embodiment as an ECG monitoring device. However, the systems and methods of the present invention may be used on a number of devices for measuring different types of biometric signals where location of the sensors has an impact on the environmental/biological data being acquired. For example, system  600  may be configured for use in acquiring pulse rate, heart rate, or respiration rate, or EMG, spatial range of limb motion, blood oxygenation from a pulse oximeter, temperature, etc. 
         [0071]    As seen in  FIG. 7 , the chest mount  610  may have an installed location variation both vertically and horizontally along the torso  610  of the user, while the wrist device  620  may have varying location along the length of the arm, as well as rotationally around the arm. 
         [0072]      FIG. 8  shows a schematic diagram of the components of the chest-mounted wearable device  610 . It is appreciated that wearable device  600  may also include additional circuitry as shown in the wearable device  104 - 1  in  FIG. 2 . Housing  610  is configured to disposed adjacent the skin to receive biometric signals from the user&#39;s torso  616 . Sensors  612  may receive biometric signals  618   a  and  618   b  of varying strength depending on the location of the sensors  612 . Upon receiving the biometric signals  618   a,    618   b,  the application programming  632  (which may comprise code  206  in  FIG. 2 , or a module thereof) analyzes the incoming data from the biometric signals and provides a feedback signal  626  via an emitter/speaker  634 . 
         [0073]    In one embodiment, feedback signal  626  may comprise an audible sound (e.g. from a speaker  634 ) indicating placement on the human body, with the amplitude of the sound increasing as the signal strength (measured as SNR of the signal when compared to a template of known ECG waveforms) increases. After this initial placement phase, (which may last a couple of minutes), the feedback sound signal  326  may be disabled automatically or by the user. The user or device may at any time in the future re-enable the feedback signal  326  to provide the person with feedback if SNR decreases below a certain threshold, indicating that the wearable device needs to be repositioned. 
         [0074]    It is appreciated that signal strength is one of many feedback signals that may be used to provide placement information to the user. In one alternative embodiment, the feedback data relayed to the user may be a function of impedance between two electrodes (e.g. between left and right instances of electrodes  612 ,  622  or a combination on thereof). Such impedance data may provide an indication of quality of contact with the wearer&#39;s skin  616 . This impedance feedback may be provided in addition to, or independent of, the SNR of signal of interest (e.g. ECG in the above example), or other signal characteristics. 
         [0075]      FIG. 9  illustrates a method  650  for providing bio-signal feedback for a wearable device in accordance with the present description. Method  650  may be implemented as application programming  632  ( FIG. 8 ) and/or code  206  ( FIG. 2 ). At step  652 , the sensor signals (e.g. bio-signals  618   a  and  618   b ) are acquired by the sensors. Next, pre-processing is performed at step  656  (e.g. filtering, amplification, and then processed in analog domain or digitized and processed in digital domain, and in spatial and/frequency domain). The signal properties are then identified at step  656 . Pattern recognition may be applied to identify the signal of interest (in either digital or analog domain). At step  658 , the identified signal properties may then be compared to a predetermined metric which may optionally be used to determine how far the sensors are away from an optimal placement (e.g. distance measurement step  660 ). At step  662 , the output signal  626  may be emitted at a volume, intensity, frequency, tone, etc. to provide an audible indication of the sensor&#39;s proximity to ideal placement. If the location of the wearable device  610  is not optimal at step  664 , the wearable device can continue acquiring signals (back at step  652 ) until optimal or acceptable placement is achieved. During this time, the user may adjust the location of the wearable device  610 , and receive increasing/decreasing intensity signals to indicate whether they are getting “hotter” or “colder” to the ideal placement. 
         [0076]    It is appreciated that variations on the “SNR” procedure may be alternatively employed. It should be noted that the “signal to noise” ratio is used here only as a loose term, as an indication of the quality of the measured signal of interest. Therefore “SNR” can depend on the type of processing performed on the signal by the device. This is particularly true for non-stationary or quasi-periodic signals. However, in all cases it is possible to estimate a metric that indicates the “strength” or “quality” of the signal being measured in context of signal of interest for the measurement. 
         [0077]    In another embodiment, during initial placement on the body, the user may perform certain tasks to estimate SNR during performance of normal tasks in life, or performance of specific tasks of relevance to use of the device, and not just initial placement when the wearer is stationary or in another relaxed position. 
         [0078]    Output signal  626  may also be configured to vary inversely (e.g. with decreasing intensity as the wearable device  610  is positioned further from the optimal location. Output signal  626  may also vary in differing means with SNR such that other types of feedback may be provided instead of or in addition to sound. For example, signal  626  may comprise light emission via LEDs as emitter  634  (in cases where the wearable device is visible to the person). 
         [0079]    Emitter  634  may also be configured to emit vibration and other tactile methods (for more personal or discrete indications), sound transmission via bone conduction (for privacy), slight electrical stimulation on the person&#39;s or wearer&#39;s body, or wireless transmission to a remote device where the person (who may be the wearer or monitor or other person such as care giver) is notified using light, sound, tactile feedback, etc., or simply recorded for future reference. 
         [0080]    In another embodiment, feedback may be presented to the user based on not only the signal characteristics as discussed above but also based on the anatomical location of the sensor on the user&#39;s body, for example by detecting the supraorbital ridge using optical or other sensing. The location of the sensor on the body may be estimated by the sensor itself, or by another sensor on the same device. 
         [0081]    Embodiments of the present technology may be described with reference to flowchart illustrations of methods and systems according to embodiments of the technology, and/or algorithms, formulae, or other computational depictions, which may also be implemented as computer program products. In this regard, each block or step of a flowchart, and combinations of blocks (and/or steps) in a flowchart, algorithm, formula, or computational depiction can be implemented by various means, such as hardware, firmware, and/or software including one or more computer program instructions embodied in computer-readable program code logic. As will be appreciated, any such computer program instructions may be loaded onto a computer, including without limitation a general purpose computer or special purpose computer, or other programmable processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the computer program instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable processing apparatus create means for implementing the functions specified in the block(s) of the flowchart(s). 
         [0082]    Accordingly, blocks of the flowcharts, algorithms, formulae, or computational depictions support combinations of means for performing the specified functions, combinations of steps for performing the specified functions, and computer program instructions, such as embodied in computer-readable program code logic means, for performing the specified functions. It will also be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations, algorithms, formulae, or computational depictions and combinations thereof described herein, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based computer systems which perform the specified functions or steps, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer-readable program code logic means. 
         [0083]    Furthermore, these computer program instructions, such as embodied in computer-readable program code logic, may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the block(s) of the flowchart(s). The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable processing apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable processing apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the block(s) of the flowchart(s), algorithm(s), formula(e), or computational depiction(s). 
         [0084]    It will further be appreciated that “programming” as used herein refers to one or more instructions that can be executed by a processor to perform a function as described herein. The programming can be embodied in software, in firmware, or in a combination of software and firmware. The programming can be stored local to the device in non-transitory media, or can be stored remotely such as on a server, or all or a portion of the programming can be stored locally and remotely. Programming stored remotely can be downloaded (pushed) to the device by user initiation, or automatically based on one or more factors, such as, for example, location, a timing event, detection of an object, detection of a facial expression, detection of location, detection of a change in location, or other factors. It will further be appreciated that as used herein, that the terms processor, central processing unit (CPU), and computer are used synonymously to denote a device capable of executing the programming and communication with input/output interfaces and/or peripheral devices. 
         [0085]    From the discussion above it will be appreciated that the technology can be embodied in various ways, including but not limited to the following: 
         [0086]    1. A wearable device, comprising: (a) a housing, wherein the housing supports one or more components of a wearable device; (b) one or more environmental sensors, wherein at least one sensor is configured for sensing a biometric signal corresponding to biological or physiological characteristics of a user; (c) a processor; and (d) programming stored in a non-transitory medium, wherein the programming is readable and executable by the processor, and wherein the programming performs steps comprising: (i) acquiring a biometric signal from the one or more environmental sensors; (ii) acquiring position data corresponding to a location of the one or more environmental sensors or housing with respect to the biometric signal; and (iii) adjusting operation of the wearable device as a function of the acquired position data. 
         [0087]    2. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the position data is acquired from the one or more environmental sensors. 
         [0088]    3. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the position data is acquired from a dedicated sensor separate from the one or more environmental sensors. 
         [0089]    4. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments: wherein the programming is further configured for coupling the wearable device to a remote server; and receiving one or more device settings from the remote server; wherein the one or more device settings adjust the operation of the wearable device. 
         [0090]    5. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the one or more device settings are a function of the acquired position data. 
         [0091]    6. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, the one or more device settings modify acquisition of the biometric signal from the one or more environmental sensors. 
         [0092]    7. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the one or more device settings are stored in memory in the wearable device. 
         [0093]    8. A wearable device, comprising: (a) one or more environmental sensors, wherein at least one sensor is configured for sensing a biometric signal corresponding to biological or physiological characteristics of a user; (b) a processor; and (c) programming stored in a non-transitory medium, wherein the programming is readable and executable by the processor, and wherein the programming performs steps comprising: (i) acquiring a biometric signal from the one or more environmental sensors; (ii) acquiring position data corresponding to a location of the one or more environmental sensors with respect to the biometric signal; and (iii) adjusting operation of the wearable device as a function of the acquired position data. 
         [0094]    9. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the position data is acquired from the one or more environmental sensors. 
         [0095]    10. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the position data is acquired from a dedicated sensor separate from the one or more environmental sensors. 
         [0096]    11. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments: wherein the programming is further configured for coupling the wearable device to a remote server; and receiving one or more device settings from the remote server; wherein the one or more device settings adjust the operation of the wearable device. 
         [0097]    12. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the one or more device settings are a function of the acquired position data. 
         [0098]    13. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments the one or more device settings modify acquisition of the biometric signal from the one or more environmental sensors. 
         [0099]    14. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the one or more device settings are stored in memory in the wearable device. 
         [0100]    15. A method for providing biometric signal feedback for a wearable device comprising: acquiring a biometric signal from the one or more environmental sensors, the biometric signal corresponding to biological or physiological characteristics of a user; acquiring position data corresponding to a location of the one or more environmental sensors with respect to the biometric signal; and adjusting operation of the wearable device as a function of the acquired position data. 
         [0101]    16. A method as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the position data is acquired from the one or more environmental sensors. 
         [0102]    17. A method as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the position data is acquired from a dedicated sensor separate from the one or more environmental sensors. 
         [0103]    18. A method as in any of the previous embodiments, further comprising: coupling the wearable device to a remote server; receiving one or more device settings from the remote server; and adjust the operation of the wearable device based on the acquired one or more device settings. 
         [0104]    19. A method as in any of the previous embodiments wherein the one or more device settings are a function of the acquired position data. 
         [0105]    20. A method as in any of the previous embodiments, the one or more device settings modify acquisition of the biometric signal from the one or more environmental sensors. 
         [0106]    21. A wearable device, the device comprising: (a) a housing, wherein the housing supports one or more components of a wearable device; (b) one or more sensors, wherein at least one sensor is configured for sensing a biometric signal corresponding to biological or physiological characteristics of a user; (c) an emission source; (d) a processor; and (e) programming stored in a non-transitory medium or downloaded to the processor from an external non-transitory medium or storage, wherein the programming is readable and executable by the processor, and wherein the programming performs steps comprising: (i) acquiring a biometric signal from the one or more sensors; (ii) identifying one or more properties of the signal, the one or more signal properties corresponding to a location of the one or more sensors with respect to the biometric signal; and (iii) outputting a feedback signal via the emission source, the feedback signal indicating a proximity of the one or more sensors with respect to the biometric signal as a function of the one or more signal properties of the biometric signal. 
         [0107]    22. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the one or more signal properties comprises the strength of the signal. 
         [0108]    23. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the one or more signal properties comprises the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the signal. 
         [0109]    24. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the programming is further configured for comparing the one or more identified properties to a predetermined metric; and varying the output of the feedback signal based on said comparison. 
         [0110]    25. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the output feedback signal is varied by one or more of intensity, magnitude, frequency, or tone to indicate proximity of the one or more sensors with respect to an optimal location on the user. 
         [0111]    26. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the output feedback signal comprises an emission of one or more of: light, sound, vibration, electrical stimulation, or wireless transmission. 
         [0112]    27. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the biometric signal comprises and ECG waveform. 
         [0113]    28. A wearable device, the device comprising: (a) one or more sensors, wherein at least one sensor is configured for sensing a biometric signal corresponding to biological or physiological characteristics of a user; (b) a processor; and (c) programming stored in a non-transitory medium, wherein the programming is readable and executable by the processor, and wherein the programming performs steps comprising: (i) acquiring a biometric signal from the one or more sensors; (ii) identifying one or more properties of the signal, the one or more signal properties corresponding to a location of the one or more sensors with respect to the biometric signal; and (iii) outputting a feedback signal a proximity of the one or more sensors with respect to the biometric signal as a function of the one or more signal properties of the biometric signal. 
         [0114]    29. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the one or more signal properties comprises the strength of the signal. 
         [0115]    30. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the one or more signal properties comprises the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the signal. 
         [0116]    31. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the programming is further configured for comparing the one or more identified properties to a predetermined metric; and varying the output of the feedback signal based on said comparison. 
         [0117]    32. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the output feedback signal is varied by one or more of intensity, magnitude, frequency, or tone to indicate proximity of the one or more sensors with respect to an optimal location on the user. 
         [0118]    33. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the output feedback signal comprises an emission of one or more of: light, sound, vibration, electrical stimulation, or wireless transmission. 
         [0119]    34. A wearable device as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the biometric signal comprises and ECG waveform. 
         [0120]    35. A method for providing biometric signal feedback for a wearable device comprising: (i) acquiring a biometric signal from one or more sensors; (ii) identifying one or more properties of the biometric signal, the one or more signal properties corresponding to a location of the one or more sensors with respect to the biometric signal; and (iii) outputting a feedback signal a proximity of the one or more sensors with respect to the biometric signal as a function of the one or more signal properties of the biometric signal. 
         [0121]    36. A method as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the one or more signal properties comprises the strength of the signal. 
         [0122]    37. A method as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the biometric signal comprises and ECG waveform; and wherein the one or more signal properties comprise the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the ECG waveform. 
         [0123]    38. A method as in any of the previous embodiments, further comprising: comparing the one or more identified properties to a predetermined metric; and varying the output of the feedback signal based on said comparison. 
         [0124]    39. A method as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the output feedback signal is varied by one or more of intensity, magnitude, frequency, or tone to indicate proximity of the one or more sensors with respect to an optimal location on the user. 
         [0125]    40. A method as in any of the previous embodiments, wherein the output feedback signal comprises an emission of one or more of: light, sound, vibration, electrical stimulation, or wireless transmission. 
         [0126]    Although the description above contains many details, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the technology but as merely providing illustrations of some of the presently preferred embodiments of this technology. Therefore, it will be appreciated that the scope of the present technology fully encompasses other embodiments which may become obvious to those skilled in the art, and that the scope of the present technology is accordingly to be limited by nothing other than the appended claims, in which reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless explicitly so stated, but rather “one or more.” All structural, chemical, and functional equivalents to the elements of the above-described preferred embodiment that are known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the present claims. Moreover, it is not necessary for a device or method to address each and every problem sought to be solved by the present technology, for it to be encompassed by the present claims. Furthermore, no element, component, or method step in the present disclosure is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether the element, component, or method step is explicitly recited in the claims. No claim element herein is to be construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. 112 unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for” or “step for”.