Abstract:
A configuration tool includes a tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium having computer-executable instructions for configuring a model of a technical system and displaying the model on a display connected to a computer. The model includes at least two model components. Each model component has at least one port. Each model component is displayable in an expanded component representation on the display. The at least one port of each model component is connectable to at least one port of another model component by port association lines. Each model component is displayable in an expanded line representation on the display along with the at least one port and the port association lines of each model component. At least for one selected model component the port association lines connected to ports of the selected model component can be selected to be displayed in a reduced line representation.

Description:
FIELD 
       [0001]    The present invention relates to a configuration tool for configuring a model of a technical system on a computer having a display, said model including at least two model components, and each model component having at least one port, said model components being displayable in an expanded component representation on the display of the computer, said ports of the model components being connectable by port association lines, and, in an expanded line representation, said model components being displayable on the display of the computer along with their ports and the port association lines between the ports. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    A model of a technical system is typically a block-based, graphical representation of a technical system that exists in reality and is frequently a control system including an electronic processing unit and I/O devices connected to said processing unit. Such technical systems can be very complex. For example, they may model the entire electronics of a motor vehicle and include thousands of model components, which are connected to each other via their inputs and outputs (ports) via respective connecting lines (port association lines) and, thus, are in operative connection with one another. 
         [0003]    The model components may be of the same type. For example, they may include only model components of a mathematical model of the technical system, such as conventional block diagrams in control engineering, which are used to describe the physical/technical functionality of the technical system using mathematical means (transfer functions, look-up tables, etc.). 
         [0004]    However, models of a technical system which are created and used in a configuration tool frequently include different types of model components. The reason for this is that these models are created of technical systems, or of parts of technical systems, in order to interact with other, real technical systems, or with parts of real technical systems. This scenario occurs, for example, in the development of electronic control units (ECUs) and in the development of open- and closed-loop control systems to be implemented in control units. Here, the control unit is frequently in the form of a piece of hardware that is to be tested and has suitable I/O interfaces. To enable reliable and easy testing of the control unit, the environment of the control unit—a physical process—is modeled with the aid of a mathematical model in a simulator capable of computing the physical process in real-time. The variables to be measured by the control unit, and those to be output in response thereto by the control unit, are measured and output, respectively, via suitably programmable I/O interfaces of the simulator. The aforedescribed method is also referred to as hardware-in-the-loop simulation. There are other applications for creating models of technical systems, which may be summarized under the term “rapid control prototyping”. Going back to the aforementioned set-up, the control unit and the control system to be implemented in the control unit are here simulated and tested together with the real technical process. In both test scenarios, for which the model of a technical system, or of a part or a technical system, is to be created, the different portions of the test system; i.e., the control unit hardware, the I/O interfaces of the simulator, and the mathematical model of the technical process, are combined in the simulator. 
         [0005]    A configuration tool, in which the model of the technical system includes different types of model components (i.e., model components of the mathematical model and/or model components of the I/O interfaces and/or model components of existing real hardware) is described, for example, in U.S. Patent Pub. No. 2008/0091279 A1. In this configuration tool, the model components can be displayed in an expanded component representation and in a reduced component representation. In the reduced component representation, the respective model component is only represented by a block that contains the name of the reduced model component and does not provide any information about the ports of the model component shown. In the reduced component representation, the ports of the respective model component are replaced by a reduced port, and the ends of the port association lines, which were connected to the ports of the model component that was previously shown expanded, but is now shown reduced, are connected to one single reduced port of the model component in reduced component representation. The manner in which the port association lines are displayed is governed solely by the selection of whether a model component is to be displayed in expanded or reduced component representation. 
         [0006]    Due to the large number of model components in a model of a technical system, the selection of the reduced component representation for a model component provides an important way to reduce the immense complexity for a person working on the model, and to hide information that is less important for a particular work operation. However, when the representation of a model component is changed from expanded component representation to reduced component representation, a relatively large amount of data is hidden at once in one large step, so that it may be necessary to switch between the modes of representation of the model component relatively often during the development process. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0007]    In an embodiment, the present invention provides a configuration tool including a tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium having computer-executable instructions for configuring a model of a technical system and displaying the model on a display connected to a computer. The model includes at least two model components. Each model component has at least one port. Each model component is displayable in an expanded component representation on the display. Each of the at least one port of each of the model components is connectable to at least one other port of another of the model components by a respective port association line. Each model component is displayable in an expanded line representation on the display along with each of the at least one port and the port association line. The respective port association lines connected to ports of a selected model component are selectable so as to be displayed in a reduced line representation at least at the ends thereof connected to the selected model component and independently of the representation of the selected model component, whereby in the reduced line representation, the selected model component has a reduced port different from the ports of the model component, and the ends of the port association lines connected to the ports of the selected model component in the expanded line representation are represented as one or more component association lines connected to the reduced port in the reduced line representation. At least one model component includes at least one model sub-component having ports and port association lines. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0008]    The present invention will be described in even greater detail below based on the exemplary figures. The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments. All features described and/or illustrated herein can be used alone or combined in different combinations in embodiments of the invention. The features and advantages of various embodiments of the present invention will become apparent by reading the following detailed description with reference to the attached drawings which illustrate the following: 
           [0009]      FIG. 1  shows a first exemplary model of a technical system with only one port association line, which was created using the configuration tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0010]      FIG. 2  shows another exemplary model, which is based on the model of a technical system illustrated in  FIG. 1 , but with two port association lines; 
           [0011]      FIG. 3  shows further exemplary models of a technical system with functionally available ports and reduced ports which, however, are not graphically depicted as such; 
           [0012]      FIG. 4  shows another exemplary model created using the configuration tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, with model components in expanded component representation and expanded line representation; 
           [0013]      FIG. 5  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 4  with model components in expanded component representation and partly in reduced line representation; 
           [0014]      FIG. 6  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 4  with model components in expanded component representation and completely reduced line representation; 
           [0015]      FIGS. 7   a ,  7   b  show the exemplary model of  FIG. 4  with model components in reduced component representation but expanded line representation ( FIG. 7   a ), and in reduced component representation and completely reduced line representation ( FIG. 7   b ); 
           [0016]      FIG. 8  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 4  with different combinations of component and line representations; 
           [0017]      FIG. 9  shows another exemplary model, in which the reduced ports are displayed differently depending on the connection status of the ports of the associated model component; 
           [0018]      FIG. 10   a  shows a further exemplary model of a technical system, which was created using the configuration tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, which has a model component having three model sub-components in completely expanded component and line representation; 
           [0019]      FIG. 10   b  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 10   a  with the model sub-components in reduced line representation; 
           [0020]      FIG. 10   c  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 10   a  with the model component in reduced line representation; 
           [0021]      FIG. 10   d  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 10   a  with the model sub-components in reduced component representation; 
           [0022]      FIG. 10   e  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 10   a  with the model sub-components in reduced line and component representation; 
           [0023]      FIG. 10   f  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 10   a  with the model sub-components in reduced line and component representation and, at the same time, with the model component in reduced line representation; 
           [0024]      FIG. 11   a   1  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 10   a  with the model component in reduced component representation and, at the same time, with the model sub-components in expanded line and component representation; 
           [0025]      FIG. 11   a   2  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 10   a  with the model component in reduced component representation and, at the same time, with the model sub-components in expanded line representation and reduced component representation; 
           [0026]      FIG. 11   a   3  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 10   a  with the model component in reduced component representation and, at the same time, with the model sub-components in reduced line and component representation; 
           [0027]      FIG. 11   b  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 10   a  with the model component and the model sub-components in completely reduced line and component representation; 
           [0028]      FIG. 12  shows an assignable control element for changing the line and component representation; 
           [0029]      FIG. 12   a  shows a slider control for changing the line and component representation of a model component or a model component block; 
           [0030]      FIG. 12   b  shows slider controls for changing the line and component representation of a model component which are integrated into the representation of each model component; 
           [0031]      FIG. 13   a  shows a further exemplary model of a technical system, which was created using the configuration tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, which has a model component having three model sub-components in completely expanded line and component representation, and in which conversion options for the line and component representation are temporally coupled; 
           [0032]      FIG. 13   b  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 13   a  with reduced line representation for the model sub-components; 
           [0033]      FIG. 13   c  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 13   a  with reduced line representation for the model component; 
           [0034]      FIG. 13   d  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 13   b , but additionally with the model sub-components in reduced component representation; 
           [0035]      FIG. 13   e  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 13   d  with reduced line representation for the model component; 
           [0036]      FIG. 13   f  shows the exemplary model of  FIG. 13   e , but additionally with reduced component representation for the model component. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0037]    An embodiment of the present invention provides a configuration tool which allows the complexity of a model of a technical system to be incrementally reduced, thereby making it easier to work on such a model using the configuration tool. 
         [0038]    In an embodiment, the configuration tool provides that at least for one selected model component, the port association lines connected to the ports of the selected model component can be selected to be displayed in a reduced line representation at least at the ends connected to the selected model component and independently of the representation of the selected model component itself, whereby in the reduced line representation, the selected model component has exactly one reduced port different from the ports of the model component, and the ends of the port association lines previously connected to the ports of the selected model component are connected as component association lines only to the reduced port. The feature of the present invention by which the mode of line representation is selectable for a model component (i.e., for the port association lines connected to the model component, independent of the representation of the model component itself) allows the complexity of the model representation to be defined in finer increments and in a manner convenient for a developer. This feature allows the user of the configuration tool to vary the level of complexity of the lines between the model components independently of the representation of the model components. For example, all port association lines between two model components can be replaced by one single component association line by specifying for each model component that the port association lines connected thereto are to be represented in reduced line representation only as component association lines at a single connection point, whereby a plurality of port association lines will automatically become a single component association line. At the same time, the expanded component representation can be maintained, allowing the developer to retain an overview of the contents of the model component, which was previously impossible. 
         [0039]    Functionally, the ports of the model components are connection points for the port association lines. The ports may be represented at or in the model components in a graphically highlighted form, but need not be indicated by separate graphical elements. For example, the potential connection points may be identified by the user only by the fact that the names of the ports are positioned in the model components closely adjacent to the potential connecting points. 
         [0040]    In a preferred embodiment, the configuration tool according to the present invention has the feature that the component association lines are displayed differently from the port association lines, particularly in a different color and/or in a different line style. This offers the user of the configuration tool the advantage of being able to tell from the line alone whether it is a port association line, which begins or ends at a particular port of a model component. This is of particular advantage when the model components connected by the respective line are far apart from each other, so that the connected model components cannot be displayed simultaneously by the display of the configuration tool. The different representation of port association lines and component association lines makes it much easier to identify and trace port and component association lines. 
         [0041]    In one advantageous embodiment of the configuration tool according to the present invention, the model components may also at least in part be displayed in a reduced component representation as an alternative to the expanded component representation with simultaneous display of the ports. When the reduced component representation is selected for a model component, while at the same time the expanded line representation is selected for the connected ports of the model component, any unconnected ports that may be present are not displayed; i.e., they are reduced. In contrast, when at the same time the reduced line representation is selected for the connected ports of the model component, then no port is displayed anymore and, consequently, all ports are reduced. The configuration tool so designed allows the complexity of the model to be varied in even finer increments, namely in that when the reduced component representation and the expanded line representation are active at the same time, only those ports which are unconnected are excluded from display, while the ports that are involved in the signal exchange within the model will in any case continue to be displayed. The degree to which a model component can be reduced in the reduced component representation is governed by the selection of the line representation (expanded or reduced). Thus, the mode of line representation has a higher priority than the type of component representation. 
         [0042]    Another advantageous embodiment of the configuration tool according to the present invention considers a hierarchical substructure of the model components, where each model component may have one or more model sub-components, which may in turn be divided into further model sub-components. In accordance with the present invention, for each model component and each model sub-component, the port-connecting lines can be selected to be displayed both in reduced and in expanded form. In reduced line representation, only component association lines are connected to the reduced port of a respective model component or model sub-component. In addition, an expanded or a reduced component representation can be selected for each model sub-component. In this connection, the degree to which a model sub-component can be displayed in the reduced component representation is governed by the selection of the line representation (expanded or reduced). 
         [0043]    In another preferred embodiment of the configuration tool of the present invention, the selection options for the line representation and component representation are temporally coupled, so that a reduction of the line representation always precedes a reduction of the component representation, both for the model component and for any existing model sub-components. It is only after the reduced line representation is selected for a model component or a model sub-component that a reduced component representation can be selected for this model component or model sub-component. 
         [0044]    In an advantageous refinement of the preceding embodiment of the configuration tool according to the present invention, one or more control elements are available to transfer a particular model component or its model sub-component into the respective available line and/or component representations. The control element may assume a plurality of forms, several examples of which will be illustrated below. 
         [0045]    The inventive configuration tool for configuring a model of a technical system can be embodied and refined in many ways. 
         [0046]    In all of the Figures, configuration tools  1  for configuring a model  2  of a technical system are shown at least to the extent that model  2 , which can be processed using the configuration tool, is at least partially shown in the same manner as it would be displayed on a display connected to a computer; i.e., on a monitor. As is apparent from all of the Figures, model  2  includes at least two model components  3   a ,  3   b , and each model component  3   a ,  3   b  has at least one port  4 . In  FIGS. 1 through 3 , the ports are separately denoted by reference numerals  4   a ,  4   b ,  4   c  and  4   d . In  FIGS. 1 through 3 , model components  3   a ,  3   b  are each shown in an expanded component representation, so that ports  4  of the respective model components  3   a ,  3   b  are clearly visible. Functionally, a port  4  is a connection point for port association lines  5 , by which ports  4  of model components  3   a ,  3   b  can be and, in the exemplary models shown are actually (at least partially), connected to each other. 
         [0047]    The model components  3   a ,  3   b  that are shown topmost in  FIGS. 1 through 3  are connected to each other and additionally exhibit an expanded line representation, in which model components  3   a ,  3   b  are depicted along with their ports  4  and port association lines  5 ,  5   a ,  5   b . In the exemplary model of  FIG. 1 , a port association line  5  present between ports  4   b  and  4   d  illustrates the implementation of the signal flow between model components  3   a ,  3   b . The two lower model components  3   a ,  3   b  in  FIG. 1  are the same as those shown above, but here it is specified for the two model components  3   a ,  3   b  that port association line  5  connected to ports  4   b ,  4   d  of model components  3   a ,  3   b  is to be displayed in a reduced line representation at the two ends connected to the selected model components  3   a ,  3   b . The term “reduced line representation” means that the selected model components  3   a ,  3   b  each have exactly one reduced port  6   a ,  6   b  different from ports  4   a ,  4   b  and  4   c ,  4   d , respectively, and that the ends of port association line  5 , which were previously connected to ports  4   b ,  4   d  of the selected model components  3   a ,  3   b , are connected as a component association line  7  only to the respective reduced ports  6   a ,  6   b . While  FIG. 1  illustrates the principle of functioning of the reduced line representation, the advantages offered by the possibility of reduced line representation can be seen more readily from  FIGS. 2 through 8 . 
         [0048]    In the exemplary model of  FIG. 2 , again, the model components  3   a ,  3   b  shown above are connected by two port association lines  5   a ,  5   b , port association line  5   a  extending between ports  4   a  and  4   c , and port association line  5   b  extending between ports  4   b  and  4   d . When switching from expanded line representation shown in the lower part of the figure to reduced line representation shown in the upper part of the figure, the two port association lines  5   a ,  5   b  are replaced by a component association line  7  between reduced ports  6   a ,  6   b . Here, unlike conventional configuration tools, model components  3   a ,  3   b  continue to be displayed in the expanded component representation. The option of selecting the additional property of reduced line representation makes it now possible to reduce the complexity of port association lines  5  between model components  3  without at the same time affecting the complexity of the representation of model components  3 . 
         [0049]    In  FIGS. 1 and 2 , ports  4  are graphically differently depicted to illustrate different options for implementation. In the view of  FIG. 3 , ports  4  are not indicated by separate graphical elements. Instead, the potential connection points are indicated to the user only by the fact that the names of the ports (In 1, Out 1; In 2, Out 2) are positioned in model components  3   a ,  3   b  closely adjacent to the potential connecting points. The uppermost representation of  FIG. 3  again shows model components  3   a ,  3   b  both in the expanded component representation and in the expanded line representation. In the central representation of  FIG. 3 , the line representation is reduced while the component representation is expanded. Component association line  7  is displayed differently from port association lines  5   a ,  5   b  in the upper representation, namely as dashes instead of a solid line. The same is also true for the lower representation of model components  3   a ,  3   b  in  FIG. 3 . Here, however, extensions at ports  4   a ,  4   b ,  4   c ,  4   d  indicate to the user that port association lines are connected to these ports  4   a ,  4   b ,  4   c ,  4   d  in the expanded line representation. 
         [0050]    Overall, it is useful in this connection if in the reduced line representation, the ports  4  of model components  3  that are connected with at least one port association line  5  in the expanded line representation are displayed differently from those ports  4  of model components  3  which are not connected with any port association line in the expanded line representation. This can be seen, for example, from  FIG. 1 , where ports  4   a ,  4   c , which in the (upper) expanded line representation, too, are not connected with a port association line, are displayed differently from ports  4   b ,  4   d , which are connected with a port association line  5  in the expanded line representation. Thus, in the reduced line representation, it is always possible to see which ports  4  are connected to other ports in the expanded line representation. 
         [0051]      FIG. 9  shows a possible representation where reduced ports  61 ,  62  and  63  are represented by three differently designed graphical elements such that information on whether some, all or none of the ports of a model component and possible model sub-components thereof are connected can be obtained, at least partially, also in a reduced component representation. Thus, a combined overview of the current connection status of all ports of a model component is given in abstract form even when the ports are no longer displayed. In this connection, a distinction is made between “no port connected”, “some ports connected”, and “all ports connected.” In the exemplary model shown in  FIG. 9 , graphical element  63  for the reduced port is white when all ports of the model component are unconnected. When only some of the ports are connected, as in the case of model component  11 , then the graphical element  62  is patterned. When all of the ports are connected, as in the case of model component  10 , then graphical element  61  is black. 
         [0052]    In  FIGS. 4 through 8 , the operating principle of the configuration tool  1  according to the present invention is illustrated by way of a practical example. The exemplary model of  FIG. 4  constitutes the basis for the representations in  FIGS. 5 through 8 . In the left portion of model  2  shown in  FIG. 4 , seven model components  3   a , . . . ,  3   g  are grouped in a higher-level model component named “potentiometer box”, which includes a hierarchical scaling of model components. In the right portion of model  2 , there are six further model components  3   h , . . . ,  3   m . In  FIG. 4 , both an expanded component representation and an expanded line representation were selected for the representation, so that ports  4  can be seen on all model components  3 . In the expanded component representation, too, ports  4  which are connected with port association lines  5  (i.e., all ports  4  provided with reference numerals, except for port  4   b ) are displayed such that they can be distinguished from those ports which are not connected with port association lines  5  (for example, port  4   b ). 
         [0053]    The exemplary model of  FIG. 5  is based on that of  FIG. 4 . However, it has been specified for model components  3   c ,  3   d ,  3   j  and  3   k  that the port association lines  5  connected to their ports  4   c , . . . ,  4   j  are to be displayed in a reduced line representation, which is why port association lines  5  between ports  4   c  and  4   e , ports  4   d  and  4   f , ports  4   g  and  4   i  as well as between ports  4   h  and  4   j  are omitted and replaced by component lines  7   a ,  7   b  between reduced ports  6   a  and  6   b  and between reduced ports  6   c  and  6   d , respectively. As can readily be appreciated, the detailed information as to which ports  4  are connected to which other ports  4  is thereby omitted, while keeping the information about the model components  3  of model  2  between which there is, in principle, an operative connection via port association lines, at least in the expanded line representation. In any case, it can be seen in  FIG. 5  that only a part of all the model components  3  of model  2  are displayed with reduced line representation. This part of model components  3  can be selected by the user of configuration tool  1 . 
         [0054]    The exemplary model of  FIG. 6  is also based on that of  FIG. 4 , but in contrast to the exemplary model of  FIG. 5 , the reduced line representation has been specified for all port association lines  5 ; i.e., for all ports  4  of all model components  3 . This has the effect that, in addition to component association lines  7   a ,  7   b , which are shown in  FIG. 5 , now further component association lines  7   c ,  7   d ,  7   e  and  7   f  as well as  7   g  are produced. In the exemplary model of  FIG. 7 , it is shown for the first time that model components  3  may also be displayed in a reduced component representation as an alternative to the expanded component representation with simultaneous display of ports  4  of model components  3 . In  FIG. 7   a , this applies to model components  3   b ,  3   f  and  3   g . In the reduced component representation of model components  3 , ports  4  are no longer visible. What is special about the exemplary model of  FIG. 7   a  is that when reduced component representation is selected at the same time as the expanded line representation for the connected ports  4  of model components  3 , only unconnected ports are not shown; i.e., reduced. Since, as shown in  FIG. 4 , ports  4  of model components  3   b ,  3   f  and  3   g  are unconnected, it is only these model components  3   b ,  3   f ,  3   g  that are minimized in the reduced component representation. By also selecting the expanded line representation, the other model components  3   a ,  3   c ,  3   d ,  3   e  and  3   h  through  3   m  are prevented from being reduced. 
         [0055]    In  FIG. 7   b , unlike in  FIG. 7   a , a reduced line representation has been selected for all connected ports  4  of model components  3 , so that model components  3   a  through  3   m  are no longer prevented from switching to the reduced component representation. In other words, the selection of the line representation takes precedence over the selection of the component representation. 
         [0056]    All of the exemplary models described hereinbefore have in common that when the reduced line presentation is specified for a particular model component  3 , all port association lines  5  of this particular model component  3  to other connected model components are replaced by component association lines  7 ; i.e., by association lines which begin or end at a reduced port  6 . 
         [0057]    The exemplary model of  FIG. 8  shows the result of a representation of model  2 , in which all model components  3   a , . . . ,  3   m  are displayed in the expanded component representation and where the reduced line representation was selected only for model components  3   a ,  3   d ,  3   e  and  3   j  through  3   m . The expanded line representation continues to be active for model components  3   c ,  3   h  and  3   i . In this exemplary model it can be seen what happens when different line representations are selected for model components  3   a ,  3   h ,  3   i  and  3   c ,  3   j . In the case of model components  3   a ,  3   h  and  3   i , this results in that the port association lines  5  shown in the expanded representation ( FIGS. 4 ,  5  and  7   a ) end at a reduced port  6  in model component  3   a , and in that component association lines  7   a  through  7   d  end at unreduced ports  4   a ,  4   b ,  4   c  and  4   d  in the model components  3   h ,  3   i  for which reduced line representation was not selected. 
         [0058]    In  FIG. 8 , in addition to reduced port  6  of model component  3   a , all other model components which are not identified by a separate reference numeral also have reduced ports. All reduced ports are provided with an appendix which ends with a plus sign (+) in a circle or with a minus sign (−) in a circle. The two circular symbols indicate the mode of line representation (reduced or expanded) that was selected for the model component; i.e. for the ports of the respective model component. The plus sign in the circle is indicative of a reduced line representation, which may be expanded by clicking on the plus sign. Analogously, the minus sign in the circle is indicative of an expanded line representation, which may be reduced by clicking on the minus sign. Clicking on the plus or minus sign does not only change the mode of line representation, but also changes the sign displayed in the respective circle accordingly; i.e., from plus to minus and vice versa. This provides an intuitive mechanism for displaying the selected mode of line representation as well as an intuitive mechanism for changing the mode of line representation. 
         [0059]      FIGS. 10   a  through  10   e  show further exemplary models of a technical system, which were created using the configuration tool of the present invention. Here, model component  300  has three model sub-components  301 ,  302  and  303 . In  FIG. 10   a , the model is shown in completely expanded line and component representation for both the model components and the model sub-components. All ports of model sub-component  301  are connected via port-connecting lines to model component  20 . Model sub-component  302 , in contrast, has one connected port and one unconnected port, whereas the ports of model sub-component  303  are all unconnected. 
         [0060]    Analogously to the options of displaying the model components in expanded, partially reduced and completely reduced line representation, as described in  FIGS. 4-6 , the model sub-components  301 ,  302 , and  303  can also be displayed in expanded, partially reduced and completely reduced line representation. 
         [0061]      FIG. 10   b  shows the model with expanded line and component representation for the model component and, at the same time, with reduced line representation and expanded component representation for model sub-components  301 ,  302 , and  303 . Here, the port association lines  5  shown in  FIG. 10   a  for the model sub-components are replaced by component association lines  6  between reduced ports  61  and  61   a  and between reduced ports  62  and  61   b , while all ports of the model sub-components continue to be displayed. 
         [0062]      FIG. 10   c  shows the model with expanded component representation for the model component  300  and model sub-components  301 ,  302 , and  303  and, at the same time, with reduced line representation for the model components  300 ,  20 , and  21 . The reduced ports  61   a  and  61   b  of model components  20  and  21 , which, in  FIG. 10   b , are connected to the ends of component association lines  6 , are instead connected to reduced port  620  of model component  300  in this representation. 
         [0063]    For the models from  FIGS. 10   a  through  10   c , in addition to a reduced line representation for the model component and/or the model sub-component, it is also possible to select different component representations for the model components and/or the model sub-components. 
         [0064]    Starting from the representation in  FIG. 10   a , a reduced component representation may be selected individually for all model sub-components  301 ,  302 , and  303  analogously to the exemplary model of  FIG. 7  for the model component.  FIG. 10   d  shows the model from  FIG. 10   a  with expanded line representation for model component  300  and for model sub-components  301 ,  302  and  303 . At the same time, a reduced component representation has been selected for model sub-components  301 ,  302  and  303 . In the reduced component representation for model sub-components  301 ,  302  and  303 , only the unconnected ports of model sub-components  302  and  303  are not displayed. 
         [0065]      FIG. 10   e  shows the model with reduced line and component representation for the model sub-components  301 ,  302 ,  303  and, at the same time, with expanded line and component representation for the model component  300 . 
         [0066]    In  FIG. 10   f , the model is shown with reduced line and component representation for the model sub-components  301 ,  302 ,  303  and, at the same time, with expanded component representation and reduced line representation for the model component  300 , so that only the reduced model component port  620  is connected to the ends of the component association lines. 
         [0067]    In addition to displaying the model sub-components in reduced component representation, the model from  FIGS. 10   a  through  10   f  also allows the model component to be displayed in reduced component representation. Depending on the line and component representation selected for the model sub-components, the representation options are as follows: 
         [0068]      FIG. 11   a   1  shows the model of  FIGS. 10   a - f  with reduced component representation and expanded line representation for model component  300  and, at the same time, with expanded component and line representation for model sub-components  301  and  302 . In this representation, the unconnected model sub-components of model component  300  (in this case model sub-component  303 ) are not displayed when model component  300  is displayed in reduced component representation. 
         [0069]      FIG. 11   a   2  also shows the model with reduced component representation and expanded line representation for model component  300  and, at the same time, with expanded line representation and reduced component representation for model sub-components  301  and  302 . Accordingly, only connected ports of the connected model sub-components  301  and  302  are displayed. 
         [0070]      FIG. 11   a   3  shows a further, modified representation of the model of  FIG. 11   a   1 , in which the model component  300  is again displayed in reduced component representation and expanded line representation, but in which a reduced component and line representation has been selected for the model sub-components  301  and  302 . 
         [0071]      FIG. 11   b  finally shows the model with reduced component and line representation for both the model component  300  and the model sub-components  301  and  302 . 
         [0072]    As an alternative to the plus or minus sign in a circle, as depicted in the model of  FIG. 8 , which is used as a control element for converting the reduced or expanded line representation into the respective other line representation, the models of  FIGS. 10   a - 10   f  and  11   a - 11   b  illustrates another possible representation of the control element. In this connection, the use of the control elements is not limited to the respective models, but may be implemented both in the form of the one variant and in the form of alternative possible representations. Thus, for example, instead of assigning a separate control element to each reduced port, as illustrated in  FIG. 8 , alternatively, a single (graphical) control element may be assigned to a particular model component or its reduced port by positioning on the display of the computer. An additional, alternative assignment of the control element to a selected model component may be made by marking the respective model component or the respective reduced port. 
         [0073]    Furthermore, as shown in  FIGS. 10 and 11 , the control element may be integrated into the representation of each model component or model sub-component. For the sake of clarity, the control elements were plotted only for the model component on the left side. In the exemplary models shown, such a representation may be selected for any model component. 
         [0074]    Similarly to the plus and minus signs, the respective graphical representations of triangles  70 ,  71 ,  73  and  75  indicate which representation options are available for the component representation or the line representation. 
         [0075]    In  FIGS. 10   a - 10   f  and  11   a - 11   b , a filled triangle ( 71 ,  73 ) is associated with the component representation, while a non-filled triangle ( 70 ,  72 ) is associated with the line representation. 
         [0076]    In accordance with the model of  FIGS. 10   a - f:  
       a filled triangle standing on a point ( 73 ) symbolizes that the block of the model component can be unfolded (see  FIG. 10   d ),   a filled triangle with one point pointing up (71) symbolizes that the block of the model component can be closed (see  FIG. 10   b ),   a non-filled triangle with one point pointing up (70) symbolizes that the line representation can be reduced by replacing the port association lines by at least one component association line (see  FIG. 10   b ),   a non-filled triangle with one point pointing down ( 72 ) symbolizes that the port association lines can be displayed; i.e., that an expanded line representation can be selected (see  FIG. 10   b ).       
 
         [0081]    In  FIG. 10   c , a further option is shown for cases where a change from the reduced to the expanded line representation does not make any difference in the representation. In this example, the non-filled triangles of the model sub-components are only indicated in broken lines ( 75 ) because in this case, the lines are combined on the higher level of hierarchy, i.e., the model component level, and therefore, an “unfolding” on the model sub-component level is not possible or does not produce any change in the representation. 
         [0082]    The options for “unfolding” and “closing” the components and connecting lines are symbolized by the triangles in a particularly illustrative manner. However, any desired graphical element may be used to represent the control element, and the representation is not limited to triangles. 
         [0083]    Furthermore, it is possible to introduce, for each of the model components, for a group of model components, or even for all model components together, a slider which sets the representation of the components and lines uniformly to reduced or expanded representation for all model components.  FIG. 12  shows a control element  400  which, by way of example, takes the form of a slider. However, it would also be possible to use any other form of control element. Control element  400  may be assigned to a model component by positioning it on the display device. As indicated, control element  400  may be assigned to the block of model component  500 . Alternatively, the position of the control element on the display could also be stationary, and assignment to one or more particular model components or the reduced ports thereof could be accomplished by marking the respective model components or ports. For example, it is possible to select model component block  500  to apply the functionality of control element  400  to the components of block  500 . 
         [0084]      FIG. 12   a  illustrates the principle of such a slider, which is set for one model component on the left side and for both model components on the right side. In this example, completely reduced line and component representation was selected for the left model component by shifting the highlighted slider box to the right edge. The farther the highlighted slider box is moved to the left, the more expanded is the representation of the model component and, possibly, its model sub-components. On the right side, the selection of the position of the slider box would set the representation of both model components in the same way. This way of selecting the representation is particularly advantageous for a quick initial representation since it is not necessary to select a particular representation separately for each of the components. When combined with the above-described control elements in the form of graphical elements for each model component and model sub-component, as shown in  FIG. 12   a , the slider can thus be used to provide a coarse setting for all model components and model sub-components, which may then be individually modified using the control elements (triangles) that are integrated into the model component. 
         [0085]    Alternatively, such a slider may also be defined for each model component, as illustrated in  FIG. 12   b . This allows the line and component representations to be set individually for each side of the model component and possibly existing model sub-components. 
         [0086]    In accordance with another preferred embodiment, the representation options for the model components and their model sub-components are temporally coupled. In this connection, the closing of the line representation always precedes closing of the respective model component or model sub-component. 
         [0087]      FIG. 13   a  shows the same initial situation as in the model of  FIG. 10   a  for a model of a technical system, which was created using the configuration tool of the present invention. Model component  300  has three model sub-components  301 ,  302  and  303 . In this representation, the control element for unfolding and closing the line and component representation is represented by the symbols  90  and  91 . The representation was selected, by way of example, such that:
       a triangle with one point pointing up symbolizes ‘closing’ (closing symbol), whereas   a triangle with one point pointing down symbolizes ‘unfolding’ (unfolding symbol);   a change of the line representation is symbolized by a triangle with a bolded border, whereas   a change of the component representation is represented by a filled triangle;   when unfolding or closing is not possible, the respective triangle is represented with only a thin border.       
 
         [0093]    The options that are available for unfolding and closing the line and component representation depend on the currently selected line and component representation. Since, in accordance with the present invention, closing of the component representation is not possible until port-connecting lines  5  are closed, closing symbol  91  of the control element only allows selection of a reduced line representation for sub-components  301 ,  302  and  303  and for component  300 . 
         [0094]      FIG. 13   b  shows the model of  FIG. 13   a , but with reduced line representation for each of sub-components  301 ,  302  and  303 . For these sub-components, it is now possible to switch from the reduced line representation of the sub-components back to the unfolded representation depicted in  FIG. 13   a  using unfolding symbol  92 , or to transfer the sub-component into a reduced component representation using closing symbol  93 . As for component  300 , it is still only possible to select a reduce line representation via closing symbol  91 . In this representation, unfolding symbol  90  of model component  300  is not selectable and, therefore, continues to be represented with a thin border. 
         [0095]    This does not change until a reduced line representation is also selected on the component level.  FIG. 13   c  shows that then the control element of component  300  also allows unfolding of the line representation via unfolding symbol  92 . In addition, closing symbol  93  of model component  300  now also allows closing of the component representation for this model component. 
         [0096]    Starting from the representation in  FIG. 13   b , instead of further reducing the line representation on the component level, as shown in  FIG. 13   c , the representation may also be converted into a reduced component representation of sub-components  301 ,  302  and  303 . Using closing symbols  93  of sub-components  301 ,  302  and  303  in  FIG. 13   b , it is possible to obtain the representation shown in  FIG. 13   d.    
         [0097]    In this connection, the now filled unfolding symbol  94  symbolizes that it is only possible to select unfolding of the component representation for sub-components  301 ,  302  and  303 . Closing symbol  95  is represented with only a thin border to illustrate that further closing is not selectable for sub-components  301 ,  302  and  303 . This is different for the symbols of the control element of model component  300 , which indicate that it is only possible to select closing of the lines via closing symbol  91 . 
         [0098]    Such further closing of the lines on the level of the model component results in the representation shown in  FIG. 13   e . Here, it is then only possible to further reduce the representation via closing symbol  93  of model component  300 . Using unfolding symbol  92  of model component  300 , the reduced line representation can be converted back to its previous, unfolded state. 
         [0099]    Finally,  FIG. 13   f  shows the representation for this model in a completely closed state, in which the thinly bordered closing symbol  95  of model component  300  again symbolizes that further closing is not possible, and in which it is only possible to select unfolding of the model component via unfolding symbol  94 . 
         [0100]    The implementation variants of the control elements illustrated in the model of  FIG. 12  can also be used in the model of  FIG. 13 . The use of a slider as a control element is advantageous especially in the case of temporal coupling of the options for conversion from an expanded into a reduced line and a subsequent option for conversion from an expanded into a reduced component representation. 
         [0101]    While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary and not restrictive. It will be understood that changes and modifications may be made by those of ordinary skill within the scope of the following claims. In particular, the present invention covers further embodiments with any combination of features from different embodiments described above and below. 
         [0102]    The terms used in the claims should be construed to have the broadest reasonable interpretation consistent with the foregoing description. For example, the use of the article “a” or “the” in introducing an element should not be interpreted as being exclusive of a plurality of elements. Likewise, the recitation of “or” should be interpreted as being inclusive, such that the recitation of “A or B” is not exclusive of “A and B.” Further, the recitation of “at least one of A, B and C” should be interpreted as one or more of a group of elements consisting of A, B and C, and should not be interpreted as requiring at least one of each of the listed elements A, B and C, regardless of whether A, B and C are related as categories or otherwise. 
         [0103]    Furthermore, in the claims the word “comprising” does not exclude other elements or steps. A single unit may fulfil the functions of several features recited in the claims. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.