Conversation: The conversation between human and AI assistant.
[|Human|] what is the reason for simple cortical cysts in kidneys? what is the reason for blood in the urine once in a while? what is the reason for increased residual urine? what is the reason for bubbles in the urine? what is the reason for prostatomegaly? Would you please kindly give an answer?
[|AI|]  Hi, Thanks for writing in.It's not clear what causes simple kidney cysts. One theory suggests that kidney cysts develop when the surface layer of the kidney weakens and forms a pouch (diverticulum). The pouch then fills with fluid, detaches and develops into a cyst. This is common after age of 60 years and two cysts in each kidney are acceptable as normal variation at that age. Blood in urine once in a while should be investigated in detail by doing ultrasound scan and urine tests for presence of blood. This can be due to problems in kidney, urinary bladder, prostate and urethra. To know exactly where the blood is coming from requires to be detailed clinical examination and investigations. Bubbles in urine are a routine occurrence and usually normal in the first urine of the day. If there are too many bubbles in urine then doing urine protein estimation might be required. Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is an extremely common condition in elderly men and is a major cause of outflow obstruction. It happens due to hormonal changes with advanced age and the prostate gland which is located at base of urinary bladder gets enlarged in size causing difficulty in passing urine.