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### Human: When was Mahatma Gandhi born?### Assistant: Mahatma Gandhi was born on 2 October 1869. |
### Human: What is the meaning of the honorific 'Mahātmā'?### Assistant: The honorific 'Mahātmā' means 'great-souled' or 'venerable.' |
### Human: Where was Gandhi born and raised?### Assistant: Gandhi was born and raised in coastal Gujarat, India. |
### Human: Where did Gandhi train in law, and when was he called to the bar?### Assistant: Gandhi trained in law at the Inner Temple, London, and was called to the bar in June 1891. |
### Human: In which country did Gandhi live for 21 years before returning to India?### Assistant: Gandhi lived in South Africa for 21 years before returning to India. |
### Human: What did Gandhi do in South Africa in 1915, after returning from India?### Assistant: In 1915, Gandhi returned to India and started organizing peasants, farmers, and urban laborers for protests. |
### Human: What did Gandhi adopt as a mark of identification with India's rural poor?### Assistant: Gandhi adopted the short dhoti woven with hand-spun yarn as a mark of identification with India's rural poor. |
### Human: When did Gandhi assume leadership of the Indian National Congress?### Assistant: Gandhi assumed leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921. |
### Human: What were some of the campaigns led by Gandhi?### Assistant: Gandhi led campaigns for easing poverty, expanding women's rights, building religious and ethnic amity, and ending untouchability. |
### Human: What major event happened in India in August 1947?### Assistant: In August 1947, Britain granted independence to India, and the British Indian Empire was partitioned into two dominions. |
### Human: What is Gandhi's vision of an independent India based on?### Assistant: Gandhi's vision of an independent India is based on religious pluralism. |
### Human: How did Gandhi respond to the religious violence following independence?### Assistant: Gandhi visited the affected areas and undertook several hunger strikes to stop the religious violence. |
### Human: What happened on 30 January 1948 in Delhi?### Assistant: On 30 January 1948, Nathuram Godse, a militant Hindu nationalist, assassinated Gandhi during an interfaith prayer meeting. |
### Human: What is Gandhi's birthday commemorated as in India?### Assistant: Gandhi's birthday, 2 October, is commemorated in India as Gandhi Jayanti, a national holiday. |
### Human: What was Gandhi commonly called during the nationalist movement?### Assistant: During the nationalist movement, Gandhi was commonly called Bapu, a Gujarati endearment for 'father.' |
### Human: Where was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi born?### Assistant: Gandhi was born in Porbandar, a coastal town on the Kathiawar Peninsula in India. |
### Human: What was Gandhi's father's name, and what was his role?### Assistant: Gandhi's father, Karamchand Uttamchand Gandhi, served as the dewan (chief minister) of Porbandar state. |
### Human: In which year was Gandhi born?### Assistant: Gandhi was born on 2 October 1869. |
### Human: Where did Gandhi train in law?### Assistant: Gandhi trained in law at the Inner Temple, London. |
### Human: What mark of identification did Gandhi adopt?### Assistant: Gandhi adopted the short dhoti woven with hand-spun yarn as a mark of identification with India's rural poor. |
### Human: When did Gandhi return to India from South Africa?### Assistant: Gandhi returned to India from South Africa in 1915. |
### Human: What did Gandhi do after assuming leadership of the Indian National Congress?### Assistant: After assuming leadership, Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for various social and political causes. |
### Human: What major event happened in India in August 1947?### Assistant: In August 1947, Britain granted independence to India, and the country was partitioned into two dominions. |
### Human: What is commemorated on 2 October in India?### Assistant: 2 October is commemorated as Gandhi Jayanti, a national holiday, in India. |
### Human: What is the significance of 2 October in India?### Assistant: 2 October is significant as the birthdate of Mahatma Gandhi, and it is commemorated as Gandhi Jayanti. |
### Human: How is Gandhi's vision of India described?### Assistant: Gandhi's vision of India is described as one based on religious pluralism and nonviolent resistance. |
### Human: What is the International Day of Nonviolence?### Assistant: The International Day of Nonviolence is observed worldwide on Gandhi's birthday, 2 October. |
### Human: Who is considered the Father of the Nation in post-colonial India?### Assistant: Gandhi is considered the Father of the Nation in post-colonial India. |
### Human: What did Gandhi do during the Boer War in 1900?### Assistant: During the Boer War in 1900, Gandhi volunteered to form a group of stretcher-bearers called the Natal Indian Ambulance Corps. |
### Human: What was the goal of Gandhi's campaign against a bill in South Africa in 1894?### Assistant: Gandhi's goal was to oppose a bill that sought to deny Indians the right to vote in South Africa. |
### Human: How did Gandhi respond to a mob attack in Durban in 1897?### Assistant: Gandhi was attacked by a mob of white settlers in Durban, but he refused to press charges against any member of the mob. |
### Human: What influenced Gandhi to adopt Satyagraha?### Assistant: Gandhi was influenced by the Tamil moral text Tirukkuṛaḷ, particularly after it was mentioned by Leo Tolstoy in their correspondence. |
### Human: What did Gandhi contribute to the Indian community in South Africa?### Assistant: Gandhi's efforts led to the formation of the Natal Indian Congress in 1894, uniting the Indian community in South Africa as a political force. |
### Human: When did Gandhi's father, Karamchand, leave Porbandar?### Assistant: In 1874, Gandhi's father Karamchand left Porbandar for the smaller state of Rajkot. |
### Human: How many children did Gandhi and Kasturba have?### Assistant: Gandhi and Kasturba had five children. |
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