JLei/climate_fever_roberta-base-fact-checking
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A recent study led by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory climate scientist Ben Santer found that while the models ran hot, the ‘overestimation’ was ‘partly due to systematic deficiencies in some of the post-2000 external forcings used in the model simulations.’ | While it is believed that the modeled climate-cooling-effects from the mass of soot injected into the stratosphere by 100 firestorms (one to five teragrams) would have been detectable with technical instruments in WWII, five percent of that would not have been possible to observe at that time. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
So that means that probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases | In 2018, Michaels asserted on Fox News, "probably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases." | SUPPORTS |
This “blocking” effect means extreme events can unfold.” | "Interoceptive cues predicting exteroceptive events". | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
The effect of this disparity is that thermal radiation escaping to space comes mostly from the cold upper atmosphere, while the surface is maintained at a substantially warmer temperature. | Although the temperature may be −60 °C (−76 °F; 210 K) at the tropopause, the top of the stratosphere is much warmer, and may be near 0 °C. | SUPPORTS |
We have had ice ages and warmer periods when alligators were found in Spitzbergen. | Earth's climate alternates between ice ages and greenhouse periods, during which there are no glaciers on the planet. | SUPPORTS |
"In 2007, the Northern Hemisphere reached a record low in ice coverage and the Northwest Passage was opened. | On August 21, 2007, the Northwest Passage became open to ships without the need of an icebreaker. | SUPPORTS |
There is no evidence, other than models, that human CO2 emissions drive climate change and abundant evidence that the Sun, coupled with natural climate cycles, drives most, if not all, of recent climate changes | Solar irradiance has had a negligible impact on Earth’s climate since the industrial era. Atmospheric observations do not support the hypothesis that the Sun has driven modern warming. There is a consensus of scientific evidence that warming is driven by human greenhouse gas emissions. | REFUTES |
The particular signature of warming in 2016 was also revealing in another way, Overpeck said, noting that the stratosphere… saw record cold temperatures last year | The polar stratospheric clouds had a warming effect on the poles, increasing temperatures by up to 20 °C in the winter months. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Hansen's 1988 results are evidence that the actual climate sensitivity is about 3°C for a doubling of atmospheric CO2. | Without feedbacks the radiative forcing of approximately 3.7 W/m2, due to doubling CO 2 from the pre-industrial 280 ppm, would eventually result in roughly 1 °C global warming. | REFUTES |
While the Medieval Warm Period saw unusually warm temperatures in some regions, globally the planet was cooler than current conditions. | Global temperature records taken from ice cores, tree rings, and lake deposits, have shown that the Earth may have been slightly cooler globally (by 0.03 °C) than in the early and mid-20th century. | SUPPORTS |
While the link between cosmic rays and cloud cover is yet to be confirmed, more importantly, there has been no correlation between cosmic rays and global temperatures over the last 30 years of global warming. | Another 2013 study found, contrary to Svensmark's claims, "no statistically significant correlations between cosmic rays and global albedo or globally averaged cloud height." | SUPPORTS |
The Clean Power Plan, a major component of fulfilling the agreement, would spike energy costs for working and middle-class Texans by 16% by 2030, according to the Economic Reliability Council of Texas | They are: To help households and businesses transition to a low carbon future To streamline the adoption of efficient energy To make buildings more energy-efficient For governments to work in partnership and lead the way to energy efficiency The overriding agreement that governs this strategy is the National Partnership Agreement on Energy Efficiency. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
'Global warming' and 'climate change' mean different things and have both been used for decades. | Global warming and climate change are often used interchangeably. | REFUTES |
Sea level rise, which was occurring long before humans could be blamed, has not accelerated. | "Climate-change–driven accelerated sea-level rise detected in the altimeter era". | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Polar bear numbers are increasing | Warnings about the future of the polar bear are often contrasted with the fact that worldwide population estimates have increased over the past 50 years and are relatively stable today. | SUPPORTS |
The melting in the polar ice caps and in high altitude plains can lead to the dangerous release of methane gas | The potential for major sea level rise depends mostly on a significant melting of the polar ice caps of Greenland and Antarctica, as this is where the vast majority of glacial ice is located. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
The main reason behind this mid-century cooling was global dimming due to anthropogenic sulfate aerosol emissions. | Global dimming is thought to have been caused by an increase in particulates or aerosols, such as sulfate aerosols in the atmosphere due to human action. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
There is a link between climate change and the NSW bushfires. | "'Absolutely' a link between climate change and wildfires, U.N. climate chief Figueres tells Amanpour". | SUPPORTS |
During the 2013 election campaign the Coalition said its first legislative priority in government would be to scrap the carbon tax. | On the first day of the new Parliament, Abbott introduced legislation into Parliament to repeal the Carbon Tax, and commenced Operation Sovereign Borders, the Coalition's policy to stop illegal maritime arrivals, which received strong public support. | SUPPORTS |
[CO2] has increased 43 percent above the pre-industrial level so far | Carbon dioxide mole fractions in the atmosphere have gone up by approximately 35 percent since the 1900s, rising from 280 parts per million by volume to 387 parts per million in 2009. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Increased atmospheric carbon dioxide has helped raise global food production and reduce poverty. | The authors did not provide evidence, or a quantified explanation of the connection between rising CO2 and food production observed on the field, to support their claim. | REFUTES |
Scotland's climate targets are toughest in the world | "UK ivory ban to be 'toughest' in the world". | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
The consequences of climate change become increasingly bad after each additional degree of warming, with the consequences of 2°C being quite damaging and the consequences of 4°C being potentially catastrophic. | It is a major aspect of climate change, and has been demonstrated by the instrumental temperature record which shows global warming of around 1 °C since the pre-industrial period, although the bulk of this (0.9°C) has occurred since 1970. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
The Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1635 experienced a Category 3 or 4 storm, with up to a 20-foot storm surge. | On October 24, 2005, Hurricane Wilma struck Collier County as a category-3 hurricane. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
“It’s far too early to tell if what we are seeing in the Arctic, and now the Antarctic, is a sharp shift towards warmer poles with less ice. | The effects of global warming in the Arctic, or climate change in the Arctic include rising air and water temperatures, loss of sea ice, and melting of the Greenland ice sheet with a related cold temperature anomaly, observed since the 1970s. | REFUTES |
It has never been shown that human emissions of carbon dioxide drive global warming. | The largest human influence has been the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
by that I mean the central Arctic will be ice-free. | Most fresh water, about 68.7%, is present as ice in ice caps and glaciers. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
global warming ceased around the end of the twentieth century and was followed (since 1997) by 19 years of stable temperature | Because of natural variability, short-term periods of global surface temperatures cannot be assumed to always reflect the underlying long-term trend. | REFUTES |
The consensus among scientists and policy-makers is that we’ll pass this point of no return if the global mean temperature rises by more than two degrees Celsius. | Since the start of the 20th century, the global mean surface temperature of the Earth has increased by more than 0.7°C and the rate of warming has been largest in the last 30 years. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
While there has been a mean rise of a little more than 3mm per year worldwide since the 1990s, in the last decade, the NOAA Virginia Key tide gauge just south of Miami Beach has measured a 9mm rise annually.” | Current rates of sea level rise from satellite altimetry have been estimated to be 3.0 ± 0.4 millimetres (0.118 ± 0.016 in) per year for the period 1993–2017. | SUPPORTS |
When the Emergency Leaders for Climate Action approached the Federal Government in April they were drawing on decades of data showing that fire conditions are getting worse. | The administration rolled back regulations requiring the federal government to account for climate change and sea-level rise when building infrastructure. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet. | As a result, they are likely to cause the climate to oscillate between cooling and warming, but with an overall trend towards warming as the carbon dioxide they emit can stay in the atmosphere for hundreds of years. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
When CO2 levels were higher in the past, solar levels were also lower. | Less direct geological evidence indicates that CO2 values have not been this high for millions of years. | REFUTES |
Climate change is because of El Niño. | These two species experience population shifts related to climate changes and environmental events such as El Niño. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Julia Gillard her decision not to argue against a fixed carbon price being labelled a "carbon tax" hurt her terribly politically. | Gillard initially ruled out a "carbon tax" but said that she would build community consensus for a price on carbon and open negotiations with the mining industry for a re-vamped mining profits tax. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Therefore human emissions upset the natural balance, rising CO2 to levels not seen in at least 800,000 years. | These levels are much higher than at any time during the last 800,000 years, the period for which reliable data have been collected from ice cores. | SUPPORTS |
This requires us to work towards avoiding catastrophic possibilities rather than looking at probabilities, as learning from mistakes is not an option when it comes to existential risks. | This principle states that we ought to retard the development of dangerous technologies, particularly ones that raise the level of existential risk, and accelerate the development of beneficial technologies, particularly those that protect against the existential risks posed by nature or by other technologies. | SUPPORTS |
Different areas of science are understood with varying degrees of certainty. | For example, knowing the details of only a person's genetics, or their history and upbringing, or the current situation may not explain a behavior, but a deep understanding of all these variables combined can be very predictive. | SUPPORTS |
Ocean and surface temperature measurements find the planet continues to accumulate heat. | Energy from the Sun heats this layer, and the surface below, causing expansion of the air. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
(Koch Industries) is among the worst in toxic air pollution in the entire United States ... and churns out more climate-changing greenhouse gases than oil giants Chevron, Shell and Valero. | "(PERI) THE TOXIC 100: Top Corporate Air Polluters in the United State". | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Weather and climate are different; climate predictions do not need weather detail. | Lorenz's discovery, which gave its name to Lorenz attractors, showed that even detailed atmospheric modelling cannot, in general, make precise long-term weather predictions. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
“Forest fires are caused by poor management. Not by climate change.” | The causes and behaviors of wildfires in the western US are influenced by a variety of factors, including weather conditions, climate change, past fire suppression practices, and an increase in the number of people living near wildlands. | REFUTES |
The oceans are warming and moreover are becoming more acidic, threatening the food chain. | With the production of CO2 from the burning of fossil fuels, oceans are becoming more acidic since CO2 dissolves in water and forms the acidic bicarbonate ion. | SUPPORTS |
Warmer seasons or triennial phases are followed by an atmosphere that is rich in CO2, reflecting the gas solving or exsolving from water, and not photosynthesis activity. | Natural sources of carbon dioxide are more than 20 times greater than sources due to human activity, but over periods longer than a few years natural sources are closely balanced by natural sinks, mainly photosynthesis of carbon compounds by plants and marine plankton. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
[…] Constant 24-7 media coverage of every significant storm worldwide just makes it seem that way.” | The severe and widespread damage the storm caused in the United States, as well as its unusual merger with a frontal system, resulted in the nicknaming of the hurricane "Superstorm Sandy" by the media, public officials, and several organizations, including U.S. government agencies. | SUPPORTS |
Marine life has nothing whatsoever to fear from ocean acidification. | The claim is derived from looking only at a subset of all the available relevant evidence. | REFUTES |
The claim that 2.2 conventional jobs are destroyed for every new job created in the alternative energy industry is based on a study which relies on incorrect numbers, cherrypicked dates, faulty theory, flawed methodology, and is disproven by real-world examples. | However, reassessments found the study to have flawed methodology. | SUPPORTS |
Sea level rise of 65 centimeters, or roughly 2 feet would cause significant problems for coastal cities around the world. | A number of later studies have concluded that a global sea level rise of 200 to 270 cm (6.6 to 8.9 ft) this century is "physically plausible". | SUPPORTS |
The first adjustment changed how the temperature of the ocean surface is calculated, by replacing satellite data with drifting buoys and temperatures in ships’ water intake. | The first automated technique for determining SST was accomplished by measuring the temperature of water in the intake port of large ships, which was underway by 1963. | SUPPORTS |
There may have been regions of Greenland that were 'greener' than today | When the North African monsoon is at its strongest annual precipitation and subsequent vegetation in the Sahara region increase, resulting in conditions commonly referred to as the "green Sahara". | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
“Believing CO2 controls the climate is pretty close to believing in magic.” | Several independent lines of scientific evidence based on observational datasets and modeling indicate that current climate change is driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases such as CO2. Scientific evidence shows that changes in all other potential climate variables are insufficient to explain modern warming. | REFUTES |
The past shows that climate change is normal, that warmer times and more atmospheric carbon dioxide have driven biodiversity and that cold times kill.” | The trigger for these mass extinctions appears to be a warming of the ocean caused by a rise of carbon dioxide levels to about 1000 parts per million. | REFUTES |
The failure of the 2007 polar bear survival model is a simple fact that explodes the myth that polar bears are on their way to extinction. | For the first time since the demise of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago, we face a global mass extinction of wildlife. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Small amounts of very active substances can cause large effects. | Doses as low as 100 mg/day, such as a 6 oz cup of coffee or two to three 12 oz servings of caffeinated soft-drink, may continue to cause sleep disruption, among other intolerances. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
In its 5th assessment report in 2013, the IPCC estimated that human emissions are probably responsible for more than half of the observed increase in global average temperature from 1951 to 2010. | In its fifth assessment report (2013) the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimated how much sea level is likely to rise in the 21st century based on different levels of greenhouse gas emissions. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
A recent Nature study expecting more severe hurricanes from global warming still found that damages would halve from 0.04 per cent to 0.02 per cent of global GDP, because the increased ferocity would be more than made up by increased prosperity and resilience. | Nevertheless, one recent study has found that potential global economic gains if countries implement mitigation strategies to comply with the 2°C target set at the Paris Agreement are in the vicinity of US$17,000 billion per year up to 2100 compared to a very high emission scenario. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Two American researchers allege that U.S. government scientists have skewed global temperature trends by ignoring readings from thousands of local weather stations around the world, particularly those in colder altitudes and more northerly latitudes, such as Canada. | A study released in 2009, combined historical weather station data with satellite measurements to deduce past temperatures over large regions of the continent, and these temperatures indicate an overall warming trend. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Small increases in average temperature translate to big increases in the number of extremely hot days, and those hot days have a big impact. | Global warming refers to the long-term rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system. | SUPPORTS |
The report suggests significantly smaller overall ice-mass losses than previous estimates. | This represents a loss of 8% of the ice field, with all glaciers experiencing significant retreat. | REFUTES |
Other parts of the earth got colder when Greenland got warmer. | "Coldest temperature ever recorded on Earth in Antarctica". | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
In other words, we have, trapped in Arctic permafrost, twice as much carbon as is currently wrecking the atmosphere of the planet, all of it scheduled to be released at a date that keeps getting moved up, partially in the form of a gas that multiplies its warming power 86 times over. | When the permafrost melts, it releases carbon in the form of carbon dioxide and methane, both of which are greenhouse gases. | SUPPORTS |
The observed behavior of radiation fluxes implies negative feedback processes associated with relatively low climate sensitivity. | Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Our evolving dynamic planet has survived[…] mass extinctions | Following the Cambrian explosion, 535 Mya, there have been five mass extinctions. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
500 Scientists Write U.N. ‘There Is No Climate Emergency’.... More than 500 scientists and professionals in climate and related fields have sent a European Climate Declaration to the Secretary-General of the United Nations | The article presents the unsupported opinions of these signatories as accurate facts about the science of climate change, but they largely ignore or contradict the evidence available in the published research. | REFUTES |
Cooks ’97% consensus’ disproven by a new peer | Over 99.99% of climate scientists did not reject AGW in their peer-reviewed research. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
‘We could be decades too fast, or decades too slow,’said one of them, Robert M. DeConto of the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. | October 31, 2013. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Thick arctic sea ice is in rapid retreat. | "Fast-flow advance and parallel rapid retreat of non-surging tidewater glaciers in Icy Bay and Yakutat Bay, Alaska 1888–2003". | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
The Rio Grande is a classic “feast or famine” river, with a dry year or two typically followed by a couple of wet years that allow for recovery. | Winters are noticeable and dry, and summers can be very rainy. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
When CO2 was higher in the past, the sun was cooler. | If this energy balance is shifted, Earth's surface becomes warmer or cooler, leading to a variety of changes in global climate. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Some scientists believe that solar activity is more likely to influence today’s climate than carbon dioxide, and Dr Soon has compiled data showing temperature in America, Canada and Mexico rises and falls in line with solar activity. | The 2007 Fourth Assessment Report compiled by the IPCC (AR4) noted that "changes in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases and aerosols, land cover and solar radiation alter the energy balance of the climate system", and concluded that "increases in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations is very likely to have caused most of the increases in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century". | REFUTES |
Although it has some very important and beneficial effects, CO2 meets the legal and encyclopedic definitions of a "pollutant", and human CO2 emissions pose a threat to public health and welfare. | Although the natural absorption of CO 2 by the world's oceans helps mitigate the climatic effects of anthropogenic emissions of CO 2, it is believed that the resulting decrease in pH will have negative consequences, primarily for oceanic calcifying organisms. | SUPPORTS |
When life is considered, ocean acidification is often found to be a non-problem, or even a benefit. | While the full implications of elevated CO2 on marine ecosystems are still being documented, there is a substantial body of research showing that a combination of ocean acidification and elevated ocean temperature, driven mainly by CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions, have a compounded effect on marine life and the ocean environment. | REFUTES |
Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia. | Conclusions of AR5 are summarized below: Working Group I "Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia". | SUPPORTS |
Extreme melting and changes to the climate like this has released pressure on to the continent, allowing the ground to rise up. | Under the influence of global warming, melt at the base of the ice sheet increases. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
[data] show only slight warming, mostly at night and in winter | Consequently, summers are 2.3 °C (4 °F) warmer in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere under similar conditions. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Higher temperatures, we’re told, will be deadly—killing “thousands to tens of thousands” of Americans | A heat wave began across much of the midwestern United States, killing hundreds of people over a six-day period where temperatures remained above 100 degrees Fahrenheit. | SUPPORTS |
So CO2 causes warming AND rising temperature causes CO2 rise. | CO2 emissions are continuing to rise due to the burning of fossil fuels and land-use change. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
There are already more American jobs in the solar industry than in coal mining. | A key benefit that this investment growth brings is a growth in jobs. | SUPPORTS |
He claimed "the planet is running a ’fever’ and the prognosis is that it is apt to get much worse." | If the disease is left untreated, the prognosis varies with the immune status of the individual patient and the severity of disease. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
“Which is to say that these beans will be eaten by cows, and the cows will convert the beans to meat, and the humans will eat the meat. | are vehemently against the consumption of meat and eggs (though they do consume and encourage the consumption of milk, butter and cheese). | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Back in the late 1980s, the UN claimed that if global warming were not checked by 2000, rising sea levels would wash entire counties away. | Climate change threatens to diminish crop yields, harming food security, and rising sea levels may flood coastal infrastructure and force the abandonment of many coastal cities. | SUPPORTS |
“Although the extent of the summer sea ice after 2006 dropped abruptly to levels not expected until 2050, the predicted 67-per-cent decline in polar bear numbers simply didn’t happen. | Warnings about the future of the polar bear are often contrasted with the fact that worldwide population estimates have increased over the past 50 years and are relatively stable today. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Martian climate is primarily driven by dust and albedo and there is little empirical evidence that Mars is showing long term warming. | The wide range in temperatures is due to the thin atmosphere which cannot store much solar heat, the low atmospheric pressure, and the low thermal inertia of Martian soil. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
The Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1635 experienced a Category 3 or 4 storm, with up to a 20-foot storm surge. | Early on September 17, 1928, the Okeechobee hurricane made landfall near West Palm Beach as a category-4 storm and crossed Lake Okeechobee shortly thereafter. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Though CRU neglected to provide an exact list of temperature stations, it could not have hid or tampered with data. | On 27 July 2011 CRU announced that the raw instrumental data not already in the public domain had been released and was available for download, with the exception of Poland which was outside the area covered by the FOIA request. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
The changes in the amount of oxygen in the shells isn’t a reflection of changing temperatures – just a consequence of the fact that the amount of oxygen seen changes over time anyway. | In moving vertically throughout the water, the octopus is subjected to various pressures and temperatures, which affect the concentration of oxygen available in the water. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Observed sea levels are actually tracking at the upper range of the IPCC projections. | Over the 21st century, the IPCC projects that in a very high emissions scenario the sea level could rise by 61–110 cm. | SUPPORTS |
Carbon dioxide is not a climate heat driver; we had an ice age when the Earth had extraordinarily larger amounts of carbon dioxide; in the 1970s scientists thought we were going to have a new ice age. | Earth’s climate is a complicated system with multiple potential driving mechanisms. However, scientists have evaluated all possible driving mechanisms of contemporary global warming and have consistently concluded that human emissions of greenhouse gases are the primary culprit. While climate change has occurred in Earth’s geological history independently of humans, it is misleading to invoke these relatively slow changes under very different Earth-system conditions (e.g., variability in tectonics, solar forcing, orbital conditions and volcanism) in order to discredit the findings of climate science. | REFUTES |
alarmists here are taking overwhelmingly good news about global warming improving plant health and making it seem like this good news is actually bad news because healthier plants mean more pollen. | This in combination with extreme weather events, leads to negative effects on human health. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Like countless other organisms, we move and adapt when the environment changes. | Although there is no universal agreement on the definition of life, scientists generally accept that the biological manifestation of life is characterized by organization, metabolism, growth, adaptation, response to stimuli and reproduction. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
CFCs contribute to global waerming at a small level. | They are, however, greenhouse gases, with a high global warming potential (GWP), comparable to that of CFCs and HCFCs. | REFUTES |
Data from NOAA’s Barrow Alaska station ‘indicate that October through December emissions of CO2 from surrounding tundra increased by 73 percent since 1975, supporting the view that rising temperatures have made Arctic ecosystems a net source of CO2.’” | The spread of land plants is thought to have reduced CO 2 concentrations during the late Devonian, and plant activities as both sources and sinks of CO 2 have since been important in providing stabilising feedbacks. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2 emissions. | When the model included estimated changes in solar intensity, it gave a reasonable match to temperatures over the previous thousand years and its prediction was that "CO 2 warming dominates the surface temperature patterns soon after 1980." | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Preventing global warming is relatively cheap; business-as-usual will cause accelerating climate damage costs that economists struggle to even estimate. | "Large potential reduction in economic damages under UN mitigation targets". | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
President-elect Trump has selected a climate change skeptic to head the team in charge of the transition between Obama and Trump's Environmental Protection Agencies. | On May 9, Trump named New Jersey Governor Chris Christie to head a team to plan the transition of the presidency in the event of a Trump victory. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
California legislators have made it illegal for anyone to deny climate change, under threat of jail time. | The Legislature shall make no law which diminishes or ignores the role of English as the common language of California. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
"...there is the contention by Wolfgang Knorr of the Department of Earth Sciences at the University of Bristol in England that carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere are about where they were 160 years ago." (as quoted by Ken Ward Jr.) | At a meeting of the American Geophysical Union (December 17, 2008), scientists detailed evidence in support of the controversial idea that the introduction of large-scale rice agriculture in Asia, coupled with extensive deforestation in Europe began to alter world climate by pumping significant amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere over the last 1,000 years. | REFUTES |
This means it is possible that by some yardsticks, 2016 will be declared as hot as 2015 or even slightly hotter – because El Nino did not vanish until the middle of the year. | Tehuantepecers primarily occur during the cold season months for the region in the wake of cold fronts, between October and February, with a summer maximum in July caused by the westward extension of the Azores High. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
In one particularly damning email, CRU director Phil Jones said he had used ‘Mike’s Nature trick’ to ‘hide the decline’ in temperatures in the second half of the 20th century. | He temporarily stepped aside from Director of the CRU in November 2009 following a controversy over e-mails which were stolen and published by person(s) unknown. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
With that in mind, they propose a plausible and terrifying “2050 scenario” whereby humanity could face irreversible collapse in just three decades. | The quantum mind or quantum consciousness is a group of hypotheses which proposes that classical mechanics cannot explain consciousness. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
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The dataset provided combines the Climate-Fever dataset and claim reviews from the website Climate Feedback (https://climatefeedback.org/)
FYI, the train dataset contains claim-evidence pairs from Climate-Fever and Climate Feedback, while test and validation dataset only contains data from CLIMATE-FEVER
For detail, please read this paper
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