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The 2005 edition of the International ISBN Agency's official manual describes how the 13-digit ISBN check digit is calculated. The ISBN-13 check digit, which is the last digit of the ISBN, must range from 0 to 9 and must be such that the sum of all the thirteen digits, each multiplied by its (integer) weight, alternating between 1 and 3, is a multiple of 10.
The 2005 edition of the International ISBN Agency' official manual describes how the 13 . ISBN 3 digit, the last the , and that of , by weight, alternating 1 3, is 10.
The 200 edition of the International ' official manual describes the 13 digit ISBN calculated. ISBN 1 check digit, of , from 9 must such all the digits, each multiplied integer) weight, , is of .
The 2005 edition of the International ISBN Agency's official describes how the digit ISBN digit . The ISBN digit, the of the ISBN, to must such the , each multiplied ( , 1 , a .
The 2 edition of Agency s official manual describes 3 digit check is calculated. ISBN 13 check , is last ISBN, must range from 0 to and , integer) , , is a of 0.
The 200 edition of International ISBN Agency's describes how the 3-digit ISBN check digit is . The 13 check digit, which the the , must range the of all , multiplied by its , 1 , is 1 .
The 2005 edition the International Agency's manual the 13-digit ISBN check . 3 , the last digit ISBN, must range to and be that the sum thirteen , each multiplied ( , 3, .
The 20 5 edition of the International ISBN describes 1 - ISBN digit calculated. The ISBN- check , which the of ISBN, 0 the sum of all thirteen , its integer weight, alternating 1 , is a 0.
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The 200 edition of the International ISBN Agency's official how 13-digit ISBN check . ISBN-13 , the last of ISBN, must be such , ( weight, between and , a multiple of 0.
where Earth's equatorial radius formula_21 equals "6,378,137 m" and formula_22; for the GRS80 and WGS84 spheroids, b/a calculates to be 0.99664719. (formula_23 is known as the reduced (or parametric) latitude). Aside from rounding, this is the exact distance along a parallel of latitude; getting the distance along the shortest route will be more work, but those two distances are always within 0.6 meter of each other if the two points are one degree of longitude apart.
where 's equatorial formula_ 1 equals " ,378,13 " and 22 for RS8 and GS spher , b/a calculates be 0.99 7 9. (formula_23 as or ). from , the exact distance of latitude distance shortest , two distances are always 0.6 the apart.
where Earth's equatorial radius formula_ equals 6, 78, 3 m formula_22 for the and GS8 , calculates be . 6 1 . _23 or ) latitude , distance along parallel of latitude; the , two distances . of the .
where Earth's radius _2 equals " , 7 ,137 " and 2 for 8 GS84 , . 66 71 . ( 3 known the reduced or ) latitude). Aside from , this is latitude; the will , are always . of other if points .
where Earth's formula_2 equals "6,37 ,137 m" _ ; RS and , a calculates to . 6 1 . ( known the parametric) ). Aside , this distance the will work, but within . each other are .
where Earth's equatorial radius _21 equals "6,3 ,13 " and formula 2 0 and 84 , a to . 96 9. ( as the ( ). rounding, the exact distance getting the shortest more , distances always within 0. of other points longitude .
where s equatorial formula 2 equals 6,3 8,13 m formula 2 ; for the G and W 4 oids, .99 4 9. ( _2 the reduced ) Aside , the a parallel of the along route more , those two .6 meter other two longitude .
where Earth's equatorial radius _2 equals " , 7 ,137 m formula_ 2; G 80 GS84 spher , / 0.9 64 19. (formula_ known as ( parametric from rounding, this distance along of getting along route more work, but distances always 0. of if points .
where ' equatorial radius _2 equals "6, 78,1 7 _ 2 the 80 and 84 oids, . 9 47 . is known as latitude rounding, a of the along the route work, are within . meter points degree of apart.
where 's radius formula_21 equals , 7 , and formula_ 2 for the G 8 WGS 4 , a .9 6 . 3 known the or , this the parallel the along the be work, but those two within . each if points one apart.
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Elvis Presley and Chuck Berry were among the mid-1950s pioneers of rock and roll. In the 1960s, Bob Dylan emerged from the folk revival to become one of America's most celebrated songwriters and James Brown led the development of funk. More recent American creations include hip hop and house music. American pop stars such as Presley, Michael Jackson, and Madonna have become global celebrities, as have contemporary musical artists such as Taylor Swift, Britney Spears, Katy Perry, and Beyoncé as well as hip hop artists Jay Z, Eminem and Kanye West. Rock bands such as Metallica, the Eagles, and Aerosmith are among the highest grossing in worldwide sales.
Elvis Presley and Chuck Berry were among the mid-195 of roll. the 960s, Bob Dylan folk revival to one of most the of . American creations hop and . as , Michael , and Madonna have , as musical artists Swift, Britney , , Beyoncé well as artists , and . Rock as , , and are gross in .
Elvis Presley and Berry were among the mid 1 50 pioneers of roll. the 1960 , Dylan folk 's most song . More creations include hop house music. as Presley, , and have , as have Swift, Britney , , as , and Kanye . Rock Metallica, the , and mith gross in sales.
Elvis Presley and Chuck Berry were among the mid 1 pioneers of and roll. In the 960 , Bob emerged folk most celebrated James the . More and house . American , , have global , as contemporary Taylor , , Katy Perry, and well hip artists Z, . such , , Aeros the highest .
Elvis Presley and among mid-1 5 s pioneers of rock roll. In 1 6 , Bob Dylan from s most celebrated song the . recent American hop . Presley, , become , contemporary Taylor , Spears, , Beyoncé as hip Z, West. , , and Aerosmith .
Presley and Chuck were among the mid-1 50 pioneers of roll. the 1 60s, Dylan revival to one s celebrated songwriters and development . recent hop music. pop as , Michael Jackson, and Madonna global celebrities, musical as Taylor , Spears, , as hip artists , Eminem West. as , Eagles, highest worldwide sales.
Elvis Presley and Chuck Berry the mid- 50s rock and . the 9 , emerged from revival to become America' celebrated song James led the funk. creations . stars Presley, , and , as musical artists as , Britney Spears, , as artists , Eminem . , , and are in sales.
Elvis Presley and Chuck Berry were among the 950s pioneers of roll. the 1960s, Dylan emerged from the folk to become America' most celebrated and led the development . More creations . American such as , Jackson, celebrities, contemporary Swift, Britney , Perry, as well artists , Kanye West. bands such , the , among highest gross worldwide sales.
Elvis Presley Chuck Berry were among the mid-1 50s pioneers of . In 19 0s, Bob Dylan revival 's songwriters led . American hip hop . American pop such Presley, Jackson, Madonna have , contemporary such , , Perry, well hip , Eminem West. Rock such , , and the ing .
Elvis Presley and Chuck were mid- pioneers of roll. In the 96 s, emerged folk one America song and led . creations hop and house . such , Michael , Madonna , musical such Swift, , , Beyoncé as as hip , and Kanye . bands such Metallica, the , and the sales.
Elvis Presley and Chuck were among the -1950s pioneers and roll. In the 196 , from revival one of America and Brown led development funk. house . pop stars as Presley, , and have , contemporary , , Perry, as well as hip hop , and Kanye West. Rock such , the , and mith sales.
Thus the check digit is 2, and the complete sequence is <nowiki>ISBN 0-306-40615-2</nowiki>. The value formula_6 required to satisfy this condition might be 10; if so, an 'X' should be used.
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The most widely taught foreign languages at all levels in the United States (in terms of enrollment numbers) are: Spanish (around 7.2 million students), French (1.5 million), and German (500,000). Other commonly taught languages (with 100,000 to 250,000 learners) include Latin, Japanese, American Sign Language, Italian, and Chinese. 18% of all Americans claim to speak at least one language in addition to English.
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Pakistan: The National Library of Pakistan is responsible for ISBN registrations for Pakistani publishers, authors, universities, institutions, and government departments that are responsible for publishing books.
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Italy: The privately held company "EDISER srl", owned by "Associazione Italiana Editori" (Italian Publishers Association) is responsible for issuing ISBNs. The original national prefix 978-88 is reserved for publishing companies, starting at €49 for a ten-codes block while a new prefix 979-12 is dedicated to self-publishing authors, at a fixed price of €25 for a single code.
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The 2008–2012 global recession significantly affected the United States, with output still below potential according to the Congressional Budget Office. It brought high unemployment (which has been decreasing but remains above pre-recession levels), along with low consumer confidence, the continuing decline in home values and increase in foreclosures and personal bankruptcies, an escalating federal debt crisis, inflation, and rising petroleum and food prices. There remains a record proportion of long-term unemployed, continued decreasing household income, and tax and federal budget increases.
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With the 1860 election of Abraham Lincoln, the first president from the largely anti-slavery Republican Party, conventions in thirteen slave states ultimately declared secession and formed the Confederate States of America, while the federal government maintained that secession was illegal. The ensuing war was at first for Union, then after 1863 as casualties mounted and Lincoln delivered his Emancipation Proclamation, a second war aim became abolition of slavery. The war remains the deadliest military conflict in American history, resulting in the deaths of approximately 618,000 soldiers as well as many civilians.
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The United States is a highly developed country, with the world's largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of socioeconomic performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP, and productivity per person. While the U.S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the manufacturing sector remains the second-largest in the world. Though its population is only 4.4% of the world total, the United States accounts for nearly a quarter of world GDP and almost a third of global military spending, making it the world's foremost military and economic power. The United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations.

The 2005 edition of the International ISBN Agency's official manual describes how the 13-digit ISBN check digit is calculated. The ISBN-13 check digit, which is the last digit of the ISBN, must range from 0 to 9 and must be such that the sum of all the thirteen digits, each multiplied by its (integer) weight, alternating between 1 and 3, is a multiple of 10.

The 2005 edition of the International ISBN Agency' official manual describes how the 13 . ISBN 3 digit, the last the , and that of , by weight, alternating 1 3, is 10.

The 200 edition of the International ' official manual describes the 13 digit ISBN calculated. ISBN 1 check digit, of , from 9 must such all the digits, each multiplied integer) weight, , is of .

The 2005 edition of the International ISBN Agency's official describes how the digit ISBN digit . The ISBN digit, the of the ISBN, to must such the , each multiplied ( , 1 , a .

The 2 edition of Agency s official manual describes 3 digit check is calculated. ISBN 13 check , is last ISBN, must range from 0 to and , integer) , , is a of 0.

The 200 edition of International ISBN Agency's describes how the 3-digit ISBN check digit is . The 13 check digit, which the the , must range the of all , multiplied by its , 1 , is 1 .

The 2005 edition the International Agency's manual the 13-digit ISBN check . 3 , the last digit ISBN, must range to and be that the sum thirteen , each multiplied ( , 3, .

The 20 5 edition of the International ISBN describes 1 - ISBN digit calculated. The ISBN- check , which the of ISBN, 0 the sum of all thirteen , its integer weight, alternating 1 , is a 0.

The 2005 edition of International ISBN s describes how the 13 ISBN digit calculated. ISBN 3 check , which is last the ISBN, must range from 0 9 of all the , integer , 3, .

The 2 05 of ISBN 's official manual how 1 ISBN check digit is . The - 3 check digit, which the the , the of thirteen , by ( , alternating 1 , 10.

The 200 edition of the International ISBN Agency's official how 13-digit ISBN check . ISBN-13 , the last of ISBN, must be such , ( weight, between and , a multiple of 0.

where Earth's equatorial radius formula_21 equals "6,378,137 m" and formula_22; for the GRS80 and WGS84 spheroids, b/a calculates to be 0.99664719. (formula_23 is known as the reduced (or parametric) latitude). Aside from rounding, this is the exact distance along a parallel of latitude; getting the distance along the shortest route will be more work, but those two distances are always within 0.6 meter of each other if the two points are one degree of longitude apart.

where 's equatorial formula_ 1 equals " ,378,13 " and 22 for RS8 and GS spher , b/a calculates be 0.99 7 9. (formula_23 as or ). from , the exact distance of latitude distance shortest , two distances are always 0.6 the apart.

where Earth's equatorial radius formula_ equals 6, 78, 3 m formula_22 for the and GS8 , calculates be . 6 1 . _23 or ) latitude , distance along parallel of latitude; the , two distances . of the .

where Earth's radius _2 equals " , 7 ,137 " and 2 for 8 GS84 , . 66 71 . ( 3 known the reduced or ) latitude). Aside from , this is latitude; the will , are always . of other if points .

where Earth's formula_2 equals "6,37 ,137 m" _ ; RS and , a calculates to . 6 1 . ( known the parametric) ). Aside , this distance the will work, but within . each other are .

where Earth's equatorial radius _21 equals "6,3 ,13 " and formula 2 0 and 84 , a to . 96 9. ( as the ( ). rounding, the exact distance getting the shortest more , distances always within 0. of other points longitude .

where s equatorial formula 2 equals 6,3 8,13 m formula 2 ; for the G and W 4 oids, .99 4 9. ( _2 the reduced ) Aside , the a parallel of the along route more , those two .6 meter other two longitude .

where Earth's equatorial radius _2 equals " , 7 ,137 m formula_ 2; G 80 GS84 spher , / 0.9 64 19. (formula_ known as ( parametric from rounding, this distance along of getting along route more work, but distances always 0. of if points .

where ' equatorial radius _2 equals "6, 78,1 7 _ 2 the 80 and 84 oids, . 9 47 . is known as latitude rounding, a of the along the route work, are within . meter points degree of apart.

where 's radius formula_21 equals , 7 , and formula_ 2 for the G 8 WGS 4 , a .9 6 . 3 known the or , this the parallel the along the be work, but those two within . each if points one apart.

where Earth's equatorial radius formula_2 equals ,378, 3 _ the 0 WGS 4 , a . 9 4 1 . 3 known as latitude). Aside , is the parallel of the route , but those are 0. if the two points one .

Elvis Presley and Chuck Berry were among the mid-1950s pioneers of rock and roll. In the 1960s, Bob Dylan emerged from the folk revival to become one of America's most celebrated songwriters and James Brown led the development of funk. More recent American creations include hip hop and house music. American pop stars such as Presley, Michael Jackson, and Madonna have become global celebrities, as have contemporary musical artists such as Taylor Swift, Britney Spears, Katy Perry, and Beyoncé as well as hip hop artists Jay Z, Eminem and Kanye West. Rock bands such as Metallica, the Eagles, and Aerosmith are among the highest grossing in worldwide sales.

Elvis Presley and Chuck Berry were among the mid-195 of roll. the 960s, Bob Dylan folk revival to one of most the of . American creations hop and . as , Michael , and Madonna have , as musical artists Swift, Britney , , Beyoncé well as artists , and . Rock as , , and are gross in .

Elvis Presley and Berry were among the mid 1 50 pioneers of roll. the 1960 , Dylan folk 's most song . More creations include hop house music. as Presley, , and have , as have Swift, Britney , , as , and Kanye . Rock Metallica, the , and mith gross in sales.

Elvis Presley and Chuck Berry were among the mid 1 pioneers of and roll. In the 960 , Bob emerged folk most celebrated James the . More and house . American , , have global , as contemporary Taylor , , Katy Perry, and well hip artists Z, . such , , Aeros the highest .

Elvis Presley and among mid-1 5 s pioneers of rock roll. In 1 6 , Bob Dylan from s most celebrated song the . recent American hop . Presley, , become , contemporary Taylor , Spears, , Beyoncé as hip Z, West. , , and Aerosmith .

Presley and Chuck were among the mid-1 50 pioneers of roll. the 1 60s, Dylan revival to one s celebrated songwriters and development . recent hop music. pop as , Michael Jackson, and Madonna global celebrities, musical as Taylor , Spears, , as hip artists , Eminem West. as , Eagles, highest worldwide sales.

Elvis Presley and Chuck Berry the mid- 50s rock and . the 9 , emerged from revival to become America' celebrated song James led the funk. creations . stars Presley, , and , as musical artists as , Britney Spears, , as artists , Eminem . , , and are in sales.

Elvis Presley and Chuck Berry were among the 950s pioneers of roll. the 1960s, Dylan emerged from the folk to become America' most celebrated and led the development . More creations . American such as , Jackson, celebrities, contemporary Swift, Britney , Perry, as well artists , Kanye West. bands such , the , among highest gross worldwide sales.

Elvis Presley Chuck Berry were among the mid-1 50s pioneers of . In 19 0s, Bob Dylan revival 's songwriters led . American hip hop . American pop such Presley, Jackson, Madonna have , contemporary such , , Perry, well hip , Eminem West. Rock such , , and the ing .

Elvis Presley and Chuck were mid- pioneers of roll. In the 96 s, emerged folk one America song and led . creations hop and house . such , Michael , Madonna , musical such Swift, , , Beyoncé as as hip , and Kanye . bands such Metallica, the , and the sales.

Elvis Presley and Chuck were among the -1950s pioneers and roll. In the 196 , from revival one of America and Brown led development funk. house . pop stars as Presley, , and have , contemporary , , Perry, as well as hip hop , and Kanye West. Rock such , the , and mith sales.

Thus the check digit is 2, and the complete sequence is <nowiki>ISBN 0-306-40615-2</nowiki>. The value formula_6 required to satisfy this condition might be 10; if so, an 'X' should be used.

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The most widely taught foreign languages at all levels in the United States (in terms of enrollment numbers) are: Spanish (around 7.2 million students), French (1.5 million), and German (500,000). Other commonly taught languages (with 100,000 to 250,000 learners) include Latin, Japanese, American Sign Language, Italian, and Chinese. 18% of all Americans claim to speak at least one language in addition to English.

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The most widely taught foreign at levels United States terms enrollment are: (around . million . million), and ( 0,00 Other ( 10 ,000 , 0 learners Latin, , Language, , . at .

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The most widely taught languages at all in the ( terms of numbers) are ( . (1.5 and , taught ( 1 0,000 to 5 ,0 0 learners Latin, Japanese, Language, , . % Americans to in .

The taught foreign at all levels in the United States (in numbers) are: ( 7. ), French .5 million and ,0 taught languages (with 0,0 to ,0 , , American , , . speak at one language addition .

The widely taught foreign languages at all in States (in terms of enrollment ) are (around .2 million ), 1.5 ,00 ). Other languages with 1 , 0 25 , 0 ) include , , Sign , , and Chinese. 1 % at language English.

The most widely taught foreign languages all levels in States (in terms enrollment numbers) ( . French 1. and 50 , 0 ). commonly 1 ,0 to 50, Latin, , American Language, , Chinese. of claim speak least one in addition .

The most widely taught foreign languages at the United ( of enrollment ) ( . million ), . million German 5 , 0 Other (with 100, 0 to 2 0, 0 learners , , American Sign Language, , and . 1 % of Americans claim at least .

The most widely taught foreign at all levels in United (in enrollment numbers : . students), . German ,0 0 Other commonly taught with 0 , 0 2 , learners) include , Japanese, , Italian, . all at in English.

The most widely taught languages at all levels in the United States ( enrollment : around . students), French (1.5 million ( ,00 Other commonly with 10 , 00 to 5 , Latin, , American , Italian, and . 8 of Americans claim .

Pakistan: The National Library of Pakistan is responsible for ISBN registrations for Pakistani publishers, authors, universities, institutions, and government departments that are responsible for publishing books.

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Italy: The privately held company "EDISER srl", Associazione i (Italian Publishers ) responsible for . The original 7 8 reserved companies, at € block while a prefix 79 is dedicated , a 5 single code.

Italy: The privately held company " ISER srl", owned "Associazione Italiana Editor " ( Association) is for ISBN . The prefix 97 reserved companies, 9 - block while 9 is -publishing , at fixed of for code.

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The 2008–2012 global recession significantly affected the United States, with output still below potential according to the Congressional Budget Office. It brought high unemployment (which has been decreasing but remains above pre-recession levels), along with low consumer confidence, the continuing decline in home values and increase in foreclosures and personal bankruptcies, an escalating federal debt crisis, inflation, and rising petroleum and food prices. There remains a record proportion of long-term unemployed, continued decreasing household income, and tax and federal budget increases.

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With the 1860 election of Abraham Lincoln, the first president from the largely anti-slavery Republican Party, conventions in thirteen slave states ultimately declared secession and formed the Confederate States of America, while the federal government maintained that secession was illegal. The ensuing war was at first for Union, then after 1863 as casualties mounted and Lincoln delivered his Emancipation Proclamation, a second war aim became abolition of slavery. The war remains the deadliest military conflict in American history, resulting in the deaths of approximately 618,000 soldiers as well as many civilians.

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The United States is a highly developed country, with the world's largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of socioeconomic performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP, and productivity per person. While the U.S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the manufacturing sector remains the second-largest in the world. Though its population is only 4.4% of the world total, the United States accounts for nearly a quarter of world GDP and almost a third of global military spending, making it the world's foremost military and economic power. The United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations.