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Benzoxazole is a natural product found in Camellia sinensis with data available.
๋‹ค์ดํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„์„ธํ†ค ์ธ์‚ฐ(์˜์–ด: dihydroxyacetone phosphate)์€ ๋‹ค์ดํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„์„ธํ†ค์˜ ์ธ์‚ฐ ์—์Šคํ„ฐ(์—์Šคํ…Œ๋ฅด)๋กœ ํ™”ํ•™์‹์ด HOCH2C(O)CH2OPO32-์ธ ์Œ์ด์˜จ์ด๊ณ , ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ DHAP๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์ดํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„์„ธํ†ค ์ธ์‚ฐ์€ ์‹๋ฌผ์˜ ์บ˜๋นˆ ํšŒ๋กœ ๋ฐ ํ•ด๋‹น๊ณผ์ •์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์— ๊ด€๊ณ„๋œ๋‹ค.
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Metronidazole, sold under the brand name Flagyl among others, is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication. It is used either alone or with other antibiotics to treat pelvic inflammatory disease, endocarditis, and bacterial vaginosis. It is effective for dracunculiasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis, and amebiasis. It is an option for a first episode of mild-to-moderate Clostridioides difficile colitis if vancomycin or fidaxomicin is unavailable. Metronidazole is available orally (by mouth), as a cream or gel, and by slow intravenous infusion (injection into a vein). Common side effects include nausea, a metallic taste, loss of appetite, and headaches. Occasionally seizures or allergies to the medication may occur. Some state that metronidazole should not be used in early pregnancy, while others state doses for trichomoniasis are safe. Metronidazole is generally considered compatible with breastfeeding. Metronidazole began to be commercially used in 1960 in France. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available in most areas of the world. In 2022, it was the 133rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 4 million prescriptions.
์•„์„ธํ…Œ์ดํŠธ(acetate)๋Š” ์•„์„ธํŠธ์‚ฐ์˜ ํŒŒ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ผ๊ณผ ์—์Šคํ„ฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํŒŒ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์„ธํ…Œ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์ƒํ•ฉ์„ฑ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผํ…Œ๋ฉด ์ง€๋ฐฉ์‚ฐ์€ ์•„์„ธํ…Œ์ดํŠธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํŒŒ์ƒํ•œ C2 ๋‹จ์œ„๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค.
0
Hypofluorous acid is a fluorine oxoacid. It is a conjugate acid of a hypofluorite.
๊ณผ๋ง๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์ฆˆ์‚ฐ, ๊ณผ๋ง๊ฐ„์‚ฐ, ๋ง๊ฐ„(VII)์‚ฐ์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹ HMnO4๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๋ฌด๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์˜ฅ์†Œ์‚ฐ์€ ์ด์ˆ˜ํ™”๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๋ง๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์ฆˆ์‚ฐ์—ผ์˜ ์ง์‚ฐ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋œ ํŠน์ง•๊ณผ ์šฉ๋„๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ œํ•œ์ ์ด๋‹ค.
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Rosuvastatin is a dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]-6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl} hept-6-enoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-diastereomer). It has a role as an antilipemic drug, an anti-inflammatory agent, a CETP inhibitor, a cardioprotective agent, a xenobiotic and an environmental contaminant. It is a member of pyrimidines, a sulfonamide, a dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid, a statin (synthetic) and a member of monofluorobenzenes. It is functionally related to a hept-6-enoic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a rosuvastatin(1-).
๋งํ†จ์€ ์ž์—ฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ํ–ฅ๋ฏธ์ฆ์ง„์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์žŽ๊ฐˆ๋‚˜๋ฌด์† ๋‚˜๋ฌด์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ”ผ, ์†”์žŽ, ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋‚˜๋ฌด์˜ ์žŽ, ๋ณถ์€ ์—ฟ๊ธฐ๋ฆ„์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ๋ฌผ, ํด๋กœ๋กœํผ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทน์„ฑ ์šฉ๋งค์— ๋…น๋Š” ํฐ์ƒ‰ ๊ฒฐ์ • ๋ถ„๋ง์ด๋‹ค. ์†œ์‚ฌํƒ•๊ณผ ์บ๋Ÿฌ๋งฌ์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ๋งํ†จ์€ ๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•œ ํ–ฅ์ทจ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋งํ†จ์˜ ๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•จ์€ ๊ฐ“ ๊ตฌ์šด ๋นต์˜ ํ–ฅ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋นต๊ณผ ์ผ€์ดํฌ์— ํ–ฅ๋ฏธ์ฆ์ง„์ œ(INS No. 636)๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. EU์˜ ์‹ํ’ˆ์ฒจ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋“ฑ๋ก๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ E-number๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. Instead, maltol is registered as a flavor component in the EU. ๋ˆ„๋ฃฉ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ 3-ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ-4-pryone ๋™๋ฅ˜์ธ ๋งํ†จ์€ Fe3+, Ga3+, Al3+, and VO2+์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ๊ธˆ์† ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ํŠน์ง•๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด, ๋งํ†จ์€ ์ฒด๋‚ด ์•Œ๋ฃจ๋ฏธ๋Š„ ํก์ˆ˜์œจ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ๊ฐˆ๋ฅจ๊ณผ ์ฒ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ตฌ์  ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ์ด์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค.
0
Muscarine is a monosaccharide.
์ดํ”Œ๋ฃจ์˜ค๋ฆฐํ™” ์‚ฐ์†Œ(Oxygen difluoride)๋Š” ํ™”ํ•™์‹ OF2์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์›์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ป์งˆ ์ „์ž์Œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ ์ด๋ก (VSEPR ์ด๋ก )์—์„œ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•œ ๋ฐ”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ด ๋ถ„์ž๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ํœ˜์–ด์ง„ ๋ถ„์ž๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฅผ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์„ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์„ผ ์‚ฐํ™”์ œ๋ผ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Carnitine is a quaternary ammonium compound involved in metabolism in most mammals, plants, and some bacteria. In support of energy metabolism, carnitine transports long-chain fatty acids from the cytosol into mitochondria to be oxidized for free energy production, and also participates in removing products of metabolism from cells. Given its key metabolic roles, carnitine is concentrated in tissues like skeletal and cardiac muscle that metabolize fatty acids as an energy source. Generally individuals, including strict vegetarians, synthesize enough L-carnitine in vivo. Carnitine exists as one of two stereoisomers: the two enantiomers d-carnitine (S-(+)-) and l-carnitine (R-(โˆ’)-). Both are biologically active, but only l-carnitine naturally occurs in animals, and d-carnitine is toxic as it inhibits the activity of the l-form. At room temperature, pure carnitine is a whiteish powder, and a water-soluble zwitterion with relatively low toxicity. Derived from amino acids, carnitine was first extracted from meat extracts in 1905, leading to its name from Latin, "caro/carnis" or flesh. Some individuals with genetic or medical disorders (such as preterm infants) cannot make enough carnitine, requiring dietary supplementation. Despite common carnitine supplement consumption among athletes for improved exercise performance or recovery, there is insufficient high-quality clinical evidence to indicate it provides any benefit.
์•„์ด์†Œ๋ทฐํƒ„์˜ฌ, ์•„์ด์†Œ๋ถ€ํƒ„์˜ฌ, ์ด์†Œ๋ทฐํƒ„์˜ฌ, ์ด์†Œ๋ถ€ํƒ„์˜ฌ(Isobutanol, IUPAC ๋ช…๋ช…๋ฒ•: 2-๋ฉ”ํ‹ธํ”„๋กœํŒ-1-์˜ฌ)์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹ (CH3)2CHCH2OH(๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ i-BuOH๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋จ)์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹Œ ๋ฌด์ƒ‰์˜ ๊ฐ€์—ฐ์„ฑ ์•ก์ฒด๋กœ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์šฉ๋งค๋กœ ์ง์ ‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์—์Šคํ…Œ๋ฅด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ด์„ฑ์งˆ์ฒด๋Š” 1-๋ถ€ํƒ„์˜ฌ, 2-๋ถ€ํƒ„์˜ฌ, tert-๋ถ€ํƒ„์˜ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฐ์—…์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
0
Isoflurane, sold under the brand name Forane among others, is a general anesthetic. It can be used to start or maintain anesthesia; however, other medications are often used to start anesthesia, due to airway irritation with isoflurane. Isoflurane is given via inhalation. Side effects of isoflurane include a decreased ability to breathe (respiratory depression), low blood pressure, and an irregular heartbeat. Serious side effects can include malignant hyperthermia or high blood potassium. It should not be used in patients with a history of malignant hyperthermia in either themselves or their family members. It is unknown if its use during pregnancy is safe for the fetus, but use during a cesarean section appears to be safe. Isoflurane is a halogenated ether. Isoflurane was approved for medical use in the United States in 1979. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
1,2-๋‹ค์ด๋ฉ”ํ†ก์‹œ๋ฒค์  (์˜์–ด: 1,2-dimethoxybenzene)์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹์ด C6H4(OCH3)2์ธ ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒ ๋ผํŠธ๋กค(์˜์–ด: veratrole)๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. 1,2-๋‹ค์ด๋ฉ”ํ†ก์‹œ๋ฒค์  ์€ ๋‹ค์ด๋ฉ”ํ†ก์‹œ๋ฒค์  ์˜ 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์„ฑ์งˆ์ฒด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋‹ค. 1,2-๋‹ค์ด๋ฉ”ํ†ก์‹œ๋ฒค์  ์€ ๋ฌด์ƒ‰์˜ ์•ก์ฒด๋กœ ์ข‹์€ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ฌผ์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์šฉํ•ด๋œ๋‹ค. 1,2-๋‹ค์ด๋ฉ”ํ†ก์‹œ๋ฒค์  ์€ ํ”ผ๋กœ์นดํ…Œ์ฝœ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํŒŒ์ƒ๋œ ๋‹ค์ด๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ ์—ํ„ฐ์ด๋‹ค.
0
Tyramine is a primary amino compound obtained by formal decarboxylation of the amino acid tyrosine. It has a role as an EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor, a human metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a mouse metabolite and a neurotransmitter. It is a monoamine molecular messenger, a primary amino compound and a member of tyramines. It is a conjugate base of a tyraminium.
์‚ฌ์ดํด๋กœํ—ฅ์‚ฐ์˜ฌ(Cyclohexanol)์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹ C6H12O์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ถ„์ž๋Š” 1๊ฐœ ์ˆ˜์†Œ์›์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹ค๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์‚ฌ์ดํด๋กœํ—ฅ์„ธ์ธ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์€ ํก์Šต์„ฑ์˜ ๋ฌด์ƒ‰์˜ ๊ณ ์ฒด๋กœ์„œ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ ์ƒํƒœ์ผ ๋•Œ ์žฅ๋‡Œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์˜จ์—์„œ ๋…น๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์ผ๋ก ์˜ ์ „๊ตฌ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ์„œ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋œ๋‹ค.
0
Lycopene is a natural product found in Pyracantha angustifolia, Allomyces javanicus, and other organisms with data available.
ํ…Œ๋ ˆํ”„ํƒˆ์‚ฐ(Terephthalic acid)์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹ C6H4(CO2H)2๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ํฐ์ƒ‰ ๊ณ ์ฒด๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ์˜๋ฅ˜์™€ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ๋ณ‘์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ํด๋ฆฌ์—์Šคํ„ฐ PET์˜ ์ „๊ตฌ์ฒด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ํ•„์ˆ˜ ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋‹ค. ๋งค๋…„ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ํ†ค์ด ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ํ…Œ๋ ˆ๋นˆ์œ ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฌด์ธ ํ…Œ๋ ˆ๋นˆ์Šค(Pistacia terebinthus)์™€ ํ”„ํƒˆ์‚ฐ์—์„œ ์œ ๋ž˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ๋ ˆํ”„ํƒˆ์‚ฐ์€ PBT ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ(ํด๋ฆฌ๋ถ€ํ‹ธ๋ Œ ํ…Œ๋ ˆํ”„ํƒˆ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ) ์ƒ์‚ฐ์—๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค.
0
Lamivudine is a natural product found in Schisandra bicolor and Vitex tripinnata with data available.
์•„ํฌ๋กค๋ ˆ์ธ(Acrolein, ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ช…: propenal)์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋ถˆํฌํ™” ์•Œ๋ฐํ•˜์ด๋“œ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์ƒ‰์˜ ์•ก์ฒด์ด๋ฉฐ ์ฝ• ์ฐŒ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋งค์บํ•œ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋ค๋‹ค. ์‹์šฉ์œ ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์—ฐ์ ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ€์—ด์‹œ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ด ํƒ€๋Š” ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋Š” ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ด ์•„ํฌ๋กค๋ ˆ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ชผ๊ฐœ์งˆ ๋•Œ ๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์„ธ๋กค์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ”„๋กœํŽœ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ฐ์—…์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์‚ด์ƒ์ œ ๋“ฑ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค.
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Isooctane is an alkane that consists of pentane bearing two methyl substituents at position 2 and a single methyl substituent at position 4. It has a role as a fuel additive, a non-polar solvent and a nephrotoxin. It is an alkane and a volatile organic compound.
ํฌ์Šคํฌํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œํ”ผ๋ฃจ๋ธŒ์‚ฐ(์˜์–ด: phosphohydroxypyruvic acid)์€ ์„ธ๋ฆฐ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์ƒ์„ฑ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฐ์ด๋‹ค.
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Dihydrolipoic acid is a thio-fatty acid that is reduced form of lipoic acid. A potent antioxidant shown to directly destroy superoxide, hydroperoxy and hydroxyl radicals; also has neuroprotective and anti-tumour effects. It has a role as a neuroprotective agent, an antioxidant and a human metabolite. It is functionally related to an octanoic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a dihydrolipoate.
๋ฑ์‹œ๋ถ€ํ”„๋กœํŽœ(Dexibuprofen)๋Š” ๋น„์Šคํ…Œ๋กœ์ด๋“œ ์†Œ์—ผ์ง„ํ†ต์ œ์ธ ์ด๋ถ€ํ”„๋กœํŽœ์˜ ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์ด๋‹ค. ํ†ต์ฆ ์œ ๋ฐœ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜์—ฌ ํ†ต์ฆ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. ๋ฑ์‹œ๋ถ€ํ”„๋กœํŽœ์€ ์ด๋ถ€ํ”„๋กœํŽœ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์šธ์ƒ ์ด์„ฑ์งˆ์ฒด์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ถ€ํ”„๋กœํŽœ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” 2๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. S-ibuprofen(Dex-ibuprofen)๊ณผ R-ibuprofen(levo-ibuprofen)์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ, ์ด๋ถ€ํ”„๋กœํŽœ์˜ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์ง„ํ†ตํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” S-ibuprofen(Dex-ibuprofen)์ด๋‹ค. ๊ณง, ๋ฑ์‹œ๋ถ€ํ”„๋กœํŽœ์€ ์ด ์ง„ํ†ตํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋งŒ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์กฐํ•œ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ถ€ํ”„๋กœํŽœ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์ ๊ณ , ์ ์€์–‘์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋Œ€๋“ฑํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณดํ†ต ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์ด๋ถ€ํ”„๋กœํŽœ ์ฃผ์›๋ฃŒ ์ œ์กฐ์˜ ์ „ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์˜ ์ด๋ถ€ํ”„๋กœํŽœ ์›๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ œ์กฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด ์ด๋ถ€ํ”„๋กœํŽœ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋ฌธ์ œ์—†๋Š” ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ํฐ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ ์—†์ด ์ง„ํ†ต์˜ ํšจ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ด๋ถ€ํ”„๋กœํŽœ์ด ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค.
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Myo-inositol hexakisphosphate is a myo-inositol hexakisphosphate in which each hydroxy group of myo-inositol is monophosphorylated. It has a role as an iron chelator, an antineoplastic agent, a signalling molecule, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a mouse metabolite and a cofactor. It is a conjugate acid of a myo-inositol hexakisphosphate(12-).
์ ฌ์‹œํƒ€๋นˆ(Gemcitabine)์€ ํ™”ํ•™์š”๋ฒ• ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์ ฌ์ž(Gemzar) ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ƒํ’ˆ๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋งค๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ํ™˜์•”, ์œ ๋ฐฉ์•”, ๋‚œ์†Œ์•”, ๋น„์†Œ์„ธํฌํ์•”, ์ทŒ์žฅ์•”, ๋ฐฉ๊ด‘์•” ๋“ฑ์˜ ์•” ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ •๋งฅ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋กœ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜๋ก  ์‹ ํ˜ธ ์ „๋‹ฌ์˜ ์ƒํ–ฅ ์กฐ์ ˆ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ข…์–‘ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๊ณ  Eํ˜• ๊ฐ„์—ผ์˜ ์›์ธ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์ธ ์˜ค๋ฅดํ† ํ—คํŽ˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค A์˜ ๋ณต์ œ๋ฅผ ์–ต์ œํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋น„๊ต์  ํ”ํ•œ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ณจ์ˆ˜ ์–ต์ œ, ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ ์‹ ์žฅ ๋ฌธ์ œ, ๋ฉ”์Šค๊บผ์›€, ๋ฐœ์—ด, ๋ฐœ์ง„, ํ˜ธํก๊ณค๋ž€, ๊ตฌ๊ฐ• ๊ถค์–‘, ์„ค์‚ฌ, ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ณ‘์ฆ, ํƒˆ๋ชจ ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž„์‹  ์ค‘์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ํƒœ์•„์— ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ผ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ ฌ์‹œํƒ€๋นˆ์€ ๋‰ดํด๋ ˆ์˜ค์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ์œ ์‚ฌ์ฒด ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ๊ณ„์—ด์— ์†ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด DNA์˜ ์ƒ์„ฑ์„ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ธํฌ ์‚ฌ๋ฉธ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ ฌ์‹œํƒ€๋นˆ์€ 1983๋…„์— ํŠนํ—ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ  1995๋…„์— ์˜๋ฃŒ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์Šน์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณต์ œ์•ฝ์€ 2009๋…„์—๋Š” ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—, 2010๋…„์—๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋„์ž…๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. WHO ํ•„์ˆ˜ ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ ๋ชฉ๋ก์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Lamivudine is a monothioacetal that consists of cytosine having a (2R,5S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl moiety attached at position 1. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, it is used as an antiviral in the treatment of AIDS and hepatitis B. It has a role as a HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, an antiviral drug, an anti-HBV agent, an allergen, a prodrug and an EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor. It is a monothioacetal, a primary alcohol, an oxacycle and a nucleoside analogue. It is functionally related to a cytosine.
ํฌ๋ ˆ์•„ํ‹ด(Creatine)์€ ์งˆ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฐ์ด๋‹ค. ์ƒ์ฒด๋‚ด์—์„œ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ฒ™์ถ”๋™๋ฌผ ๊ทผ์œก์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์— ์ฃผ์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
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Cyclobutane is a cycloalkane and organic compound with the formula (CH2)4. Cyclobutane is a colourless gas and is commercially available as a liquefied gas. Derivatives of cyclobutane are called cyclobutanes. Cyclobutane itself is of no commercial or biological significance, but more complex derivatives are important in biology and biotechnology.
๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ‹ฐํ†จ(์˜์–ด: galactitol) ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘˜์‹œํ†จ(์˜์–ด: dulcitol)์€ ๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ† ์Šค์˜ ํ™˜์› ์ƒ์„ฑ๋ฌผ์ธ ๋‹น์•Œ์ฝ”์˜ฌ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ‹ฐํ†จ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹จ๋ง›์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ† ์Šคํ˜ˆ์ฆ์˜ ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ธ ๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ† ํ‚ค๋„ค์ด์Šค ๊ฒฐํ•์ฆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ˆˆ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ •์ฒด์— ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ‹ฐํ†จ์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ๋ฐฑ๋‚ด์žฅ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚จ๋‹ค. ๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ‹ฐํ†จ์€ ์•Œ๋„์Šค ํ™˜์›ํšจ์†Œ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ด‰๋งค๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์‘์—์„œ ๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ† ์Šค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ† ์Šค ๋Œ€์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์€ ์ƒ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด ์—ด์„ฑ์œ ์ „ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ† ์Šค 1-์ธ์‚ฐ ์œ ๋ฆฌ๋”œ๋ฆดํŠธ๋žœ์Šคํผ๋ ˆ์ด์Šค์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ† ์Šค 1-์ธ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ† ์Šค์˜ ๋†๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ‹ฐํ†จ์ด ์ถ•์ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์งˆํ™˜์€ ๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ‹ฐํ†จ์˜ ์ถ•์ ์— ์˜ํ•˜ ๋ฐฑ๋‚ด์žฅ ์ด์™ธ์— ๊ฐ„๋น„์žฅ๋น„๋Œ€(hepatosplenomegaly) ๋ฐ ์ธ์ง€์žฅ์• ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค.
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Cefoperazone is a semi-synthetic parenteral cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that confers beta-lactamase resistance. It has a role as an antibacterial drug.
์„ธํฌํŽ˜๋ผ์กด(Cefoperazone)์€ 3์„ธ๋Œ€ ์„ธํŒ”๋กœ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฐ ๊ณ„์—ด ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ๋กœ, ํ™”์ด์ž๊ฐ€ ์„ธํฌ๋น„๋“œ(Cefobid)๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒํ’ˆ๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋งคํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„ธํ”„ํƒ€์ง€๋”ค, ์„ธํŽ˜ํ•Œ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์Šˆ๋„๋ชจ๋‚˜์Šค์— ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ์„ธํŒ”๋กœ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฐ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธํŒ”๋กœ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฐ ๊ณ„์—ด ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์„ธ๊ท ์˜ ์„ธํฌ๋ฒฝ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์„ ์–ต์ œํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ถœ์›๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€ 1974๋…„, ์˜๋ฃŒ์šฉ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ์Šน์ธ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€ 1981๋…„์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฒ ํƒ€-๋ฝํƒ€๋ฉ”์ด์Šค ์–ต์ œ์ œ์ธ ์„ค๋ฐ•ํƒ๊ณผ ๋ณ‘ํ•ฉ๋œ ์•ฝ์ œ์ธ ์„ธํฌํŽ˜๋ผ์กด/์„ค๋ฐ•ํƒ (์ƒํ’ˆ๋ช…: ์„คํŽ˜๋ผ์กด)์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
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Ampicillin is an antibiotic belonging to the aminopenicillin class of the penicillin family. The drug is used to prevent and treat several bacterial infections, such as respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, meningitis, salmonellosis, and endocarditis. It may also be used to prevent group B streptococcal infection in newborns. It is used by mouth, by injection into a muscle, or intravenously. Common side effects include rash, nausea, and diarrhea. It should not be used in people who are allergic to penicillin. Serious side effects may include Clostridioides difficile colitis or anaphylaxis. While usable in those with kidney problems, the dose may need to be decreased. Its use during pregnancy and breastfeeding appears to be generally safe. Ampicillin was discovered in 1958 and came into commercial use in 1961. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. The World Health Organization classifies ampicillin as critically important for human medicine. It is available as a generic medication.
๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€ํ‹ฐ์˜จ(์˜์–ด: glutathione ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€์‹ธ์ด์˜จ[*], GSH)์€ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ์‚ฐ, ์‹œ์Šคํ…Œ์ธ, ๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์‹ ์˜ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ฑ ํŽฉํƒ€์ด๋“œ์ด์ž ์‹๋ฌผ, ๋™๋ฌผ, ๊ท ๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์„ธ๊ท ๊ณผ ๊ณ ๊ท ์—์„œ์˜ ํ•ญ์‚ฐํ™”์ œ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€ํ‹ฐ์˜จ์€ ์ž์œ  ๋ผ๋””์นผ, ๊ณผ์‚ฐํ™”๋ฌผ, ์ง€์งˆ ๊ณผ์‚ฐํ™”๋ฌผ, ์ค‘๊ธˆ์†๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ™œ์„ฑ ์‚ฐ์†Œ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š” ์„ฑ๋ถ„์˜ ์†์ƒ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€ํ‹ฐ์˜จ์€ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ์‚ฐ ๊ณ์‚ฌ์Šฌ์˜ ์นด๋ณต์‹ค๊ธฐ์™€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…Œ์ธ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ฮณ-ํŽฉํƒ€์ด๋“œ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ์‹œ์Šคํ…Œ์ธ ์ž”๊ธฐ์˜ ์นด๋ณต์‹ค๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์‹ ๊ณผ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ํŽฉํƒ€์ด๋“œ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ํŠธ๋ผ์ดํŽฉํƒ€์ด๋“œ์ด๋‹ค.
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Uroporphyrinogen III is a uroporphyrinogen. It has a role as an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a uroporphyrinogen III(8-).
๋“œ๋กœ์Šคํ”ผ๋ ˆ๋…ผ(Drospirenone)์€ ์‚ฌ์ „๊ฒฝ๊ตฌํ”ผ์ž„์•ฝ์ด๋‹ค. ์ƒํ’ˆ๋ช…์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด์—˜ ์•ผ์Šค๋ฏผ๊ณผ ๋ฐ”์ด์—˜ ์•ผ์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์‹œํŒ์ค‘์ด๋‹ค.
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Anisole is a monomethoxybenzene that is benzene substituted by a methoxy group. It has a role as a plant metabolite.
์•„๋‹ˆ์†”(Anisole) ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฉ”ํ†ก์‹œ๋ฒค์  (methoxybenzene)์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹ CH3OC6H5๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ์Šค ์”จ์•—์„ ์—ฐ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์ƒ‰ ์•ก์ฒด์ด๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ ํŒŒ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์ค‘ ์ƒ๋‹น์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฒœ์—ฐ ๋ฐ ์ธ๊ณต ํ–ฅ๋ฃŒ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ „๊ตฌ์ฒด์ด๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ๊ธฐ(-CH3)๊ณผ ํŽ˜๋‹๊ธฐ(-C6H5)๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋œ ์—ํ„ฐ(-O-)์ด๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ์†”์€ ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ต์œกํ•™์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹Œ ํ‘œ์ค€ ์‹œ์•ฝ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฌผ์งˆ์€ ์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„์Šจ ์—ํ„ฐ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ œ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋‚˜ํŠธ๋ฅจํŽ˜๋…น์‹œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธํ• ๋ผ์ด๋“œ์™€ ๋ฐ˜์‘์‹œ์ผœ ์•„๋‹ˆ์†”์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค.
1
Maltotriose is a natural product found in Hamamotoa singularis, Echinacea angustifolia, and other organisms with data available.
๋ฏธ์ฝ”์‹ธ์ด์˜ฌ(์˜์–ด: mycothiol)์€ ๋ฐฉ์„ ๊ท ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” ํŠน์ดํ•œ ์‹ธ์ด์˜ฌ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ์ฝ”์‹ธ์ด์˜ฌ์€ ๊ธ€๋ฃจ์ฝ”์‚ฌ๋ฏผ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ์•„์„ธํ‹ธํ™”๋œ ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…Œ์ธ ์ž”๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด์–ด์„œ ์ด๋…ธ์‹œํ†จ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฐํ™”๋œ ์ดํ™ฉํ™” ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ฝ”์‹ธ์ด์˜ฌ(MSSM)์„ ๋ฏธ์ฝ”์‹ธ์ด์˜ฌ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํ”Œ๋ผ๋ณด๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์ธ ๋ฏธ์ฝ”์‹ธ์ด์˜จ ํ™˜์›ํšจ์†Œ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฏธ์ฝ”์‹ธ์ด์˜ฌ๋กœ ํ™˜์›๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ์ฝ”์‹ธ์ด์˜ฌ ์ƒํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋ฏธ์ฝ”์‹ธ์ด์˜ฌ ์˜์กด์  ํšจ์†Œ(์˜ˆ: ๋ฏธ์ฝ”์‹ธ์ด์˜ฌ ์˜์กด์  ํผ์•Œ๋ฐํ•˜์ด๋“œ ํƒˆ์ˆ˜์†Œํšจ์†Œ, ๋งˆ์ด์ฝ”์‹ธ์ด์˜จ ํ™˜์›ํšจ์†Œ)๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ•ต ์น˜๋ฃŒ์ œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค.
0
Estrone is a 17-oxo steroid that is estra-1,3,5(10)-triene substituted by an hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It has a role as an estrogen, a bone density conservation agent, an antineoplastic agent, a human metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a 3-hydroxy steroid, a phenolic steroid, a member of phenols and a 17-oxo steroid. It derives from a hydride of an estrane.
ํ…ŒํŠธ๋ผ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ์•”๋ชจ๋Š„(Tetramethylammonium, TMA) ํ˜น์€ (Me4N+)์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ 4์ฐจ์•”๋ชจ๋Š„์–‘์ด์˜จ(quaternary ammonium cation)์œผ๋กœ, ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ์งˆ์†Œ(nitrogen) ์›์ž 1๊ฐœ์— ๋ถ™์–ด์žˆ๋Š” 4๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ๊ธฐ(methyl group)๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋„ค์˜คํŽœํ…Œ์ธ(neopentane)๊ณผ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด์„œ ๋“ฑ์ „์ž(isoelectronic)์ด๋‹ค. ์–‘์ „ํ•˜(positive charge)๋กœ์„œ ๋Œ€์ด์˜จ(counter-ion)๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ(isolate)๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ”ํ•œ ์—ผ(salt)์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํ…ŒํŠธ๋ผ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ์•”๋ชจ๋Š„ ํด๋กœ๋ผ์ด๋“œ(tetramethylammonium chloride)์™€ ํ…ŒํŠธ๋ผ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ์•”๋ชจ๋Š„ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ๋“œ(tetramethylammonium hydroxide)๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ…ŒํŠธ๋ผ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ์•”๋ชจ๋Š„์—ผ์€ ํ™”ํ•™ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์‹ ์•ฝ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—๋„ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์ด์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค.
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Chloromethane is a one-carbon compound that is methane in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a chloro group. It has a role as a refrigerant, a mutagen and a marine metabolite. It is a member of methyl halides and a member of chloromethanes.
์•Œ๋ผ์ด์‹ (์˜์–ด: allysine) ๋˜๋Š” ์•Œ๋ฆฌ์‹ ์€ ์—˜๋ผ์Šคํ‹ด๊ณผ ์ฝœ๋ผ๊ฒ์˜ ์ƒ์„ฑ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ผ์ด์‹ ์˜ ์œ ๋„์ฒด์ด๋‹ค. ์•Œ๋ผ์ด์‹ ์€ ์„ธํฌ์™ธ ๊ธฐ์งˆ์—์„œ ๋ผ์ด์‹ค ์‚ฐํ™”ํšจ์†Œ์˜ ์ž‘์šฉ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ฝœ๋ผ๊ฒ๊ณผ ์—˜๋ผ์Šคํ‹ด์„ ์•ˆ์ •ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ต์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋‹ค.
0
Lipoamide is a natural product found in Homo sapiens, Apis cerana, and other organisms with data available.
๋ฉ”ํƒ€ํฌ๋ฆด์‚ฐ ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ(์˜์–ด: methyl methacrylate, MMA)์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹์ด CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3์ธ ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฉ”ํƒ€ํฌ๋ฆด์‚ฐ์˜ ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ ์—์Šคํ„ฐ(MAA)์ธ ์ด ๋ฌด์ƒ‰ ์•ก์ฒด๋Š” ํด๋ฆฌ(ํด๋ฆฌ๋ฉ”ํƒ€ํฌ๋ฆด์‚ฐ ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ)(PMMA) ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ๋กœ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ๋Ÿ‰์ฒด์ด๋‹ค.
0
Benzyl acetate is the acetate ester of benzyl alcohol. It has a role as a metabolite. It is an acetate ester and a benzyl ester.
ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ(theobromine, ์ด์ „ ๋ช…์นญ: ์ž”ํ…Œ์˜ค์Šค(xantheose))์€ ์“ด ๋ง›์ด ๋‚˜๋Š” ์นด์นด์˜ค ์‹๋ฌผ์˜ ์•Œ์นผ๋กœ์ด๋“œ์ด๋ฉฐ ํ™”ํ•™์‹์€ C7H8N4O2์ด๋‹ค. ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ ์™ธ์—๋„ ์ฐจ ์‹๋ฌผ์žŽ, ์ฝœ๋ผ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ์—ด๋งค ๋“ฑ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์Œ์‹์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž”ํ‹ด ์•Œ์นผ๋กœ์ด๋“œ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์ค‘ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋กœ๋Š” ํ…Œ์˜คํ•„๋ฆฐ๊ณผ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค. ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์ด ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. "ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์€ ๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ(theobromine)์€ ์นด์นด์˜ค๋‚˜๋ฌด์˜ ์†์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ธ ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋งˆ์†์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.(๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์–ด ๋‚ฑ๋ง theos(์‹ ๋“ค)๊ณผ broma(์Œ์‹)์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์Œ์‹์„ ๋œปํ•œ๋‹ค)) -ine์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•Œ์นผ๋กœ์ด๋“œ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ผ๊ธฐ ์งˆ์†Œ ํ•จ์œ  ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์— ์ ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ(330 mg/L), ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ™”๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ์“ด ๋ง›์ด ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ฃจ์ด๋‹ค. ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ์€ ํฐ ์ƒ‰์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒ‰์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒ์šฉ ๊ฒฌ๋ณธ์€ ๋…ธ๋ž€์ƒ‰์„ ๋ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์˜ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์˜ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ณด๋‹ค ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚ฎ์€ ํšจ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋” ๋‚ฎ์€ ๋™์กฑ์ฒด(homologue)๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ค€๋‹ค. ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ์€ ํŒŒ๋ผ์ž”ํ‹ด ์™ธ์—๋„ ํ…Œ์˜คํ•„๋ฆฐ์˜ ์ด์„ฑ์งˆ์ฒด์ด๋‹ค. ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ์€ ๋””๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ ์ž”ํ‹ด์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ์€ 1841๋…„ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ํ™”ํ•™์ž ์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋“œ๋ฅด ๋ณด์Šคํฌ๋ ˆ์„ผ์Šคํ‚ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ์นด์นด์˜ค ์ฝฉ์—์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž”ํ‹ด์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์€ 1882๋…„ ํ—ค๋ฅด๋งŒ ์—๋ฐ€ ํ”ผ์…”์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ,์ด ์„ฑ๋ถ„์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒ ํํ‰ํ™œ๊ทผ์„ ์ด์™„์‹œ์ผœ์ฃผ์ง€๋งŒ ๋™๋ฌผ์—๊ฒ ๊ทผ์œก๊ฒฝ๋ จ, ํ˜ธํก๊ณค๋ž€, ์„ค์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
0
Calcium oxide is a member of the class of calcium oxides of calcium and oxygen in a 1:1 ratio. It has a role as a fertilizer.
์‚ฐํ™” ๋ฒ ๋ฆด๋ฅจ์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹์ด BeO์ธ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค.
0
Ethylbenzene is an organic compound with the formula C6H5CH2CH3. It is a highly flammable, colorless liquid with an odor similar to that of gasoline. This monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is important in the petrochemical industry as a reaction intermediate in the production of styrene, the precursor to polystyrene, a common plastic material. In 2012, more than 99% of ethylbenzene produced was consumed in the production of styrene.
๋‚˜ํ”„ํƒˆ๋ Œ(์˜์–ด: naphthalene)์€ ๋ฒค์  ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ 2๊ฐœ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์กฑ ํƒ„ํ™”์ˆ˜์†Œ๋กœ ์Šนํ™”์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋Š˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์˜ ๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰ ๊ฒฐ์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์ž๋Ÿ‰์€ 128, ๋…น๋Š”์ ์€ 80.3 ยฐC, ๋“๋Š”์ ์€ 217.97 ยฐC์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋น„์ค‘์€ 0.975(25 ยฐC)์ด๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์ž์‹์€ C10H8๋กœ ์“ด๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ์—๋Š” ๋…น์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์—ํƒ„์˜ฌ์—๋Š” ๋…น๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ๋ž˜์‹ ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์—์„œ ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ ๋“ฑ ์œ ํ•ดํ•œ ๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ๋ฅผ ์ซ“๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์ถฉ์ œ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ด์ถฉ์ œ์˜ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์“ฐ์ธ๋‹ค.
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Undecane is a natural product found in Camellia sinensis, Aristolochia triangularis, and other organisms with data available.
์•„ํฌ๋ฆด์‚ฐ(Acrylic acid)์€ ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด์ž ๋ถˆํฌํ™” ์นด๋ณต์‹ค์‚ฐ์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”์ด๋‹ํผ์‚ฐ์ด๋‚˜ ์—ํ‹ธ๋ Œ์นด๋ณต์‹ค์‚ฐ, ํ”„๋กœํŽœ์‚ฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์‹คํ—˜์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์•Œ๋ฆด์•Œ์ฝ”์˜ฌ์„ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ์‚ฐํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํด๋กœ๋กœํ”„๋กœํ”ผ์˜จ์‚ฐ์˜ ํƒˆ์—ผํ™”์ˆ˜์†Œ ๋ฐ˜์‘, ์˜ฅ์‹œํ”„๋กœํ”ผ์˜จ์‚ฐ์˜ ํƒˆ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ป์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ณต์—…์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์•„์„ธํ‹ธ๋ Œ์˜ ์นด๋ฅด๋ณด๋‹ํ™” ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ป๋Š”๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์‚ฐ์—… ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์€ ํ”„๋กœํ•„๋ Œ์˜ ์„ ํƒ์  ์‚ฐํ™”์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ”„๋กœํŒ์€ ์•„ํฌ๋ฆด์‚ฐ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์œ ๋งํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์›์ด๋‹ค.
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Stavudine is a nucleoside analogue obtained by formal dehydration across positions 2 and 3 of thymidine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase It has a role as an antimetabolite, an EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor and an antiviral agent. It is an organic molecular entity, a nucleoside analogue and a dihydrofuran. It is functionally related to a thymine.
๋…ธ๋„ค์ธ(nonane) ๋˜๋Š” ๋…ธ๋‚œ์€ ๋ถ„์ž์‹ C9H20, ์ถ•์•ฝ๊ตฌ์กฐ์‹(Condensed structural fomula) CH3(CH2)7CH3์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์•Œ์ผ€์ธ์œผ๋กœ, 35๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ์ด์„ฑ์งˆ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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L-dehydroascorbic acid is dehydroascorbic acid having the L-configuration. It has a role as a coenzyme and a mouse metabolite. It is a vitamin C and a dehydroascorbic acid. It is functionally related to a L-ascorbic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a L-dehydroascorbate.
ํ”ผ๋กœ์ธ์‚ฐ(์˜์–ด: pyrophosphoric acid)์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹์ด H4P2O7 ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ [(HO)2P(O)]2O์ธ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์ธ์‚ฐ(ไบŒ็‡้…ธ, ์˜์–ด: diphosphoric acid)์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ”ผ๋กœ์ธ์‚ฐ์€ ๋ฌด์ƒ‰, ๋ฌด์ทจ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ฌผ, ๋‹ค์ด์—ํ‹ธ ์—ํ„ฐ, ์—ํƒ„์˜ฌ์— ๋…น๋Š”๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์ˆ˜์‚ฐ์€ 54.3 ยฐC์™€ 71.5 ยฐC์—์„œ ๋…น๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋™์งˆ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ™”๋œ๋‹ค. ํ”ผ๋กœ์ธ์‚ฐ์€ ํด๋ฆฌ์ธ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ํ”ผ๋กœ์ธ์‚ฐ ์Œ์ด์˜จ์˜ ๊ณต์•ก์‚ฐ์˜ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ํ”ผ๋กœ์ธ์‚ฐ์˜ ์Œ์ด์˜จ, ์—ผ ๋ฐ ์—์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ”ผ๋กœ์ธ์‚ฐ์—ผ(ํ”ผ๋กœํฌ์ŠคํŽ˜์ดํŠธ, pyrophosphate)๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค.
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Glutaric acid is the organic compound with the formula C3H6(COOH)2. Although the related "linear" dicarboxylic acids adipic and succinic acids are water-soluble only to a few percent at room temperature, the water-solubility of glutaric acid is over 50% (w/w).
์•„์„ธํŠธ์‚ฐ ๋ทฐํ‹ธ(butyl acetate) ๋˜๋Š” n-๋ถ€ํ‹ธ ์•„์„ธํ…Œ์ดํŠธ(n-Butyl acetate)๋Š” ํ™”ํ•™์‹ CH3CO2(CH2)3CH3์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์ƒ‰์˜ ๊ฐ€์—ฐ์„ฑ ์•ก์ฒด๋กœ n-๋ทฐํƒ„์˜ฌ๊ณผ ์•„์„ธํŠธ์‚ฐ์—์„œ ์ถ”์ถœ๋œ ์—์Šคํ…Œ๋ฅด์ด๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ณผ์ผ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋ฉฐ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ํ’๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ”๋‚˜๋‚˜๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณผ์˜ ๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•œ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ๋‹ค. ์‚ฐ์—…์šฉ ์šฉ๋งค๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€ํ‹ธ ์•„์„ธํ…Œ์ดํŠธ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์„ฑ์งˆ์ฒด(์ž…์ฒด ์ด์„ฑ์งˆ์ฒด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€)๋Š” ์ด์†Œ๋ถ€ํ‹ธ ์•„์„ธํ…Œ์ดํŠธ, ํ…Œ๋ฅดํŠธ-๋ถ€ํ‹ธ ์•„์„ธํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ฐ ์„ธํฌ-๋ถ€ํ‹ธ ์•„์„ธํ…Œ์ดํŠธ(๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์šธ์ƒ ์ด์„ฑ์งˆ์ฒด)์ด๋‹ค.
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Tyramine is a primary amino compound obtained by formal decarboxylation of the amino acid tyrosine. It has a role as an EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor, a human metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a mouse metabolite and a neurotransmitter. It is a monoamine molecular messenger, a primary amino compound and a member of tyramines. It is a conjugate base of a tyraminium.
์บกํ† ํ”„๋ฆด(Captopril, ์ƒํ‘œ๋ช…: Capoten ๋“ฑ)์€ ๊ณ ํ˜ˆ์•• ๋ฐ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ถ€์ „ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ACE ์–ต์ œ์ œ์ด๋‹ค. 1976๋…„ ํŠนํ—ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„ 1980๋…„ ์˜ํ•™์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์Šน์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
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1,7-dimethylxanthine is a dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 1 and 7. It is a metabolite of caffeine and theobromine in animals. It has a role as a central nervous system stimulant, a human xenobiotic metabolite, a human blood serum metabolite and a mouse metabolite.
ํŽœํ† ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๋น„ํƒˆ(Pentobarbital(๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด), pentobarbitone(์˜๊ตญ์˜์–ด)๋Š” ์งง๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๋น„ํˆฌ๋ฅด์ด๋‹ค. ํŽœํ† ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๋น„ํƒˆ์€ ์œ ๋ฆฌ์‚ฐ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜ํŠธ๋ฅจ์ด๋‚˜ ์นผ์Š˜๊ฐ™์€ ์—ผ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์œ ๋ฆฌ์‚ฐ์€ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์—ํƒ„์˜ฌ์— ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋…น๋Š”๋‹ค. ํŽœํ† ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๋น„ํƒˆ์˜ ์ƒํ’ˆ๋ช…์€ ๋„ด๋ถ€ํƒˆ(Nembutal)์ธ๋ฐ, ์กด S. ๋ฃฌ๋””๊ฐ€ 1930๋…„์— ํŽœํ† ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๋น„ํƒˆ์˜ ๋ถ„์ž์˜ ๋‚˜ํŠธ๋ฅจ โ€”Na (๋‚˜ํŠธ๋ฅจ) + ์—ํ‹ธ๊ธฐ ethyl + methyl + ๋ถ€ํ‹ธ๊ธฐ์˜ butyl + -(CO)H ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์•Œ๋ฐํ•˜์ด๋“œ ์ ‘์‚ฌ์ธal์„ ๋ถ™์—ฌ์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ด๋ถ€ํƒˆ์€ ๋ด๋งˆํฌ ์ œ์•ฝํšŒ์‚ฌ์ธ ๋ฃฌ๋“œ๋ฒก์—์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฆ„๋ถ™์–ด์กŒ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ์ฃผ์‚ฌ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋˜์–ด ํŒ๋งค๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๋Ÿ‰์ผ์‹œ, ํŽœํ† ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๋น„ํƒˆ์€ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ต์ œ์‹œ์ผœ ์ฃฝ์Œ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ, ํŽœํ† ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๋น„ํƒˆ์€ ์‚ฌํ˜•์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์•ฝ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ค‘ ๋ฃฌ๋“œ๋ฒก์ธก์€ ๊ต๋„์†Œ ์ธก์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌํ˜•์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜ํ˜•๊ธฐ๊ด€์ชฝ์— ํŒ๋งคํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ ์„ ๊ทธ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
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Sodium azide is the sodium salt of hydrogen azide (hydrazoic acid). It has a role as a mutagen, an antibacterial agent, an explosive and a mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor. It contains an azide anion.
์•„์ž์ด๋“œํ™” ๋‚˜ํŠธ๋ฅจ์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹์ด NaN3์ธ ๋ฌด๊ธฐํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค.
1
Propan-1-ol is the parent member of the class of propan-1-ols that is propane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group. It has a role as a protic solvent and a metabolite. It is a short-chain primary fatty alcohol and a member of propan-1-ols.
์•„์ŠคํŒŒํƒ(์˜์–ด: aspartame, APM)์€ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๊ฐ๋ฏธ๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ธ ์•„์ŠคํŒŒํ‹ธ-ํŽ˜๋‹์•Œ๋ผ๋‹Œ-1-๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ ์—์Šคํ„ฐ(Aspartyl-phenylalanine-1-methyl ester)์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์„คํƒ•์ธ ์ž๋‹น์˜ ์•ฝ 200๋ฐฐ์˜ ๋‹จ๋ง›์„ ๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ๊ณ„ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๊ฐ๋ฏธ๋ฃŒ์ด์ž ์„คํƒ•์˜ ๋Œ€์šฉํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์Œ์‹๊ณผ ์Œ๋ฃŒ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํญ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋„“๋‹ค. ๊ณต์—…์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ์ธ ์•„์ŠคํŒŒ๋ฅดํŠธ์‚ฐ(์•„์ŠคํŒŒ๋ผ๊ธด์‚ฐ, aspartic acid)๊ณผ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์กฑ ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ์ธ ํŽ˜๋‹์•Œ๋ผ๋‹Œ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์˜ฌ์„ 4:5:1์˜ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ ์„ž์–ด ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋ฏธ ๊ฐ๋ฏธ๋ฃŒ ์ค‘ ์„คํƒ•๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๋ง›์ด ๋‚ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์„คํƒ•์˜ 200๋ถ„์˜ 1 ์ •๋„๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ๋งŽ์€ ์‹ํ’ˆ์— ์„คํƒ• ๋Œ€์šฉ์˜ ์ €์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ๋ฏธ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์“ฐ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ๋‹ค์ด์–ดํŠธ ์ฝœ๋ผ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ €๊ฐ€๋‹น ์‹ํ’ˆ์— ๋งŽ์ด ์“ฐ์ธ๋‹ค.
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Citrulline is a natural product found in Glycine max, Capsicum annuum, and other organisms with data available.
ํฌ์Šค์  (phosgene, CG)์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹ COCl2์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์งˆ์‹์„ฑ ์œ ๋…๊ฐ€์Šค์ด๋‹ค. ์—ผํ™” ์นด๋ฅด๋ณด๋‹์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถ€๋ฅธ๋‹ค. 1812๋…„ ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ํ™”ํ•™์ž ์กด ๋ฐ์ด๋น„๊ฐ€ ํ•ฉ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š” ํ™”ํ•™๊ณต์—… ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์ƒ‰์ด๋ฉฐ, ํ€ดํ€ดํ•œ ๊ฑด์ดˆ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ๋‹ค. ์‚ฐ์—…์  ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์™ธ์— ์œ ๊ธฐ ์—ผ์†Œ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋‚˜ ์—ฐ์†Œ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค.
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Abacavir is a 2,6-diaminopurine that is (1S)-cyclopent-2-en-1-ylmethanol in which the pro-R hydrogen at the 4-position is substituted by a 2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl group. A nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with antiretroviral activity against HIV, it is used (particularly as the sulfate) with other antiretrovirals in combination therapy of HIV infection. It has a role as a HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, an antiviral drug and a drug allergen.
์‹œ์Šคํ…Œ์ธ(์˜์–ด: cysteine) (๊ธฐํ˜ธ: Cys ๋˜๋Š” C)์€ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์˜ ์ƒํ•ฉ์„ฑ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ฮฑ-์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ์ด๋‹ค. ํ™”ํ•™์‹์€ HOOCโˆ’CH(โˆ’NH2)โˆ’CH2โˆ’SH์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐ˜ํ•„์ˆ˜ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์ƒ์„ฑ์„ฑ ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ์ด๋‹ค. ์‹œ์Šคํ…Œ์ธ์˜ ๊ณ์‚ฌ์Šฌ์˜ ์‹ธ์ด์˜ฌ์€ ๋ณดํ†ต ์นœํ•ต์ฒด๋กœ ํšจ์†Œ ๋ฐ˜์‘์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์Šคํ…Œ์ธ์€ ์นด์ด๋ž„์„ฑ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ž์—ฐ์—์„œ๋Š” L-์‹œ์Šคํ…Œ์ธ๋งŒ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ธ์ด์˜ฌ์€ ์‚ฐํ™”๋˜์–ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ดํ™ฉํ™”๋ฌผ ์œ ๋„์ฒด์ธ ์‹œ์Šคํ‹ด์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๋กœ Cyx๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํƒˆ์–‘์„ฑ์žํ™”๋œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ Cym์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ํ’ˆ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€๋ฌผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ๋•Œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…Œ์ธ์˜ E ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋Š” E920์ด๋‹ค. ์‹œ์Šคํ…Œ์ธ์€ UGU, UGC ์ฝ”๋ˆ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Water is an oxygen hydride consisting of an oxygen atom that is covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms It has a role as an amphiprotic solvent, a member of greenhouse gas, a human metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is an oxygen hydride, a mononuclear parent hydride and an inorganic hydroxy compound. It is a conjugate base of an oxonium. It is a conjugate acid of a hydroxide.
์•Œ๋ฒค๋‹ค์กธ(albendazole, albendazolum)์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์ถฉ ๊ฐ์—ผ์„ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ํŽธ๋ชจ์ถฉ์ฆ, ํŽธ์ถฉ์ฆ, ํ•„๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„๋ณ‘, ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋‚ญ๋ฏธ์ถฉ์ฆ, ํฌ์ถฉ์ฆ, ์š”์ถฉ์ฆ, ํšŒ์ถฉ์ฆ ๋“ฑ์— ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณต์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฉ”์Šค๊บผ์›€, ๋ณตํ†ต, ๋‘ํ†ต์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ž ์žฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ณจ์ˆ˜ ์–ต์ œ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋ฉฐ ๋ณดํ†ต ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ผ์ฆ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ„ ์งˆํ™˜ ์ด๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋” ํฐ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ๋‹ฅ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž„์‹  ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ C, ์˜ค์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์ผ๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ D์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ์ž„์‹ ํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์„ญ์ทจํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๋ฒค๋‹ค์กธ์€ ํญ๋„“์€ ํšจ๋Šฅ์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ ๋ฒค์กฐ์ด๋ฏธ๋‹ค์กธํ˜• ํ•ญ๊ธฐ์ƒ์ถฉ ์ž‘์šฉ์ œ์ด๋‹ค. ์•Œ๋ฒค๋‹ค์กธ์€ 1975๋…„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๋ฃŒ์ œ๋„์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ธ WHO ํ•„์ˆ˜ ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ ๋ชฉ๋ก์— ๋“ฑ์žฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์˜ ๋„๋งค๊ฐ€๋Š” ํ•œ ๋„์Šค ๋‹น 0.01 ~ 0.06 USD ์‚ฌ์ด์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„์‹ผ ํŽธ์ธ๋ฐ, 2015๋…„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋น„์šฉ์€ ๋„์Šค ๋‹น ์•ฝ 201 USD์— ๋‹ฌํ•œ๋‹ค.
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Haematoxylin is an organic heterotetracyclic compound 7,11b-dihydroindeno[2,1-c]chromene carrying five hydroxy substituents at positions 3, 4, 6a, 9 and 10. The most important and most used dye in histology, histochemistry, histopathology and in cytology. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a histological dye. It is an organic heterotetracyclic compound, a polyphenol, a tertiary alcohol and an oxacycle.
๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฏผ(์˜์–ด: glutamine) (๊ธฐํ˜ธ: Gln or Q)์€ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์˜ ์ƒํ•ฉ์„ฑ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ฮฑ-์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฏผ์˜ ๊ณ์‚ฌ์Šฌ์€ ์นด๋ณต์‹ค๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋งˆ์ด๋“œ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š” ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ์‚ฐ์˜ ๊ณ์‚ฌ์Šฌ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฏผ์€ ๋น„์ „ํ•˜, ๊ทน์„ฑ ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฏผ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ถ€๋กœ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์‹ ์ฒด๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฏผ์„ ํ•ฉ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฏผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ์ฒด์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฏผ์€ ์‹๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฏผ์€ CAA, CAG ์ฝ”๋ˆ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ํ˜ˆ์•ก์—์„œ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฏผ์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์œ ๋ฆฌ ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฏผ์˜ ์‹์ด ๊ณต๊ธ‰์›์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ์‡ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ, ๋‹ญ๊ณ ๊ธฐ, ์ƒ์„ , ์œ ์ œํ’ˆ, ๊ณ„๋ž€๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์‹ํ’ˆ๊ณผ ์ฝฉ, ๋น„ํŠธ, ์–‘๋ฐฐ์ถ”, ์‹œ๊ธˆ์น˜, ๋‹น๊ทผ, ํŒŒ์Šฌ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฑ„์†Œ์™€ ์ฑ„์†Œ ์ฃผ์Šค์™€ ๋ฐ€, ํŒŒํŒŒ์•ผ, ๋ฐฉ์šธ๋‹ค๋‹ค๊ธฐ, ์…€๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ, ์ผ€์ผ ๋ฐ ๋ฏธ์†Œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐœํšจ ์‹ํ’ˆ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค.
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Fluorouracil is a natural product found in Paramyrothecium roridum, Antrodia cinnamomea, and other organisms with data available.
๋กœ๋ฆด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ ๋˜๋Š” ๋„๋ฐ์‹ค ์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ ๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๋„๋ฐ์นด๋‚ ์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹ CH3(CH2)10 CHO๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฌด์ƒ‰ ์•ก์ฒด๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜์˜ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ทค๋ฅ˜ ์˜ค์ผ์—์„œ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒ์—…์šฉ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํƒˆ์ˆ˜์†Œํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋„๋ฐ์นด๋†€ ์—์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋œ๋‹ค.
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Hydroxytyrosol is a natural product found in Rehmannia glutinosa, Fraxinus americana, and other organisms with data available.
ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œํ‹ฐ๋กœ์†”(์˜์–ด: hydroxytyrosol)์€ ํŽ˜๋‹์—ํƒ€๋…ธ์ด๋“œ๋กœ ์ƒ์ฒด ์™ธ์—์„œ ํ•ญ์‚ฐํ™” ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ ํŽ˜๋†€๊ณ„ ํ”ผํ† ์ผ€๋ฏธ์ปฌ์˜ ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์ด๋‹ค. ์ž์—ฐ์—์„œ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œํ‹ฐ๋กœ์†”์€ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ ์žŽ๊ณผ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ์œ ์—์„œ ์—˜๋ ˆ๋†€์‚ฐ์˜ ์—์Šคํ„ฐ์ธ ์˜ฌ๋Ÿฌ์œ ๋Ÿฌํ•€์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ถ„ํ•ด ํ›„์— ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œํ‹ฐ๋กœ์†”์€ ๋ฌด์ƒ‰, ๋ฌด์ทจ์˜ ์•ก์ฒด์ด๋‹ค. ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ ์—ด๋งค, ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ ์žŽ, ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ ํŽ„ํ”„, ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ์œ ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œํ‹ฐ๋กœ์†”์„ ํ•จ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋“ค ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ํšŒ์ˆ˜๋˜์–ด ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œํ‹ฐ๋กœ์†” ์ถ”์ถœ๋ฌผ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ์œ ๋ฅผ ๋จน๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œํ‹ฐ๋กœ์†”์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์•„๋„ ๋ฌด๋ฐฉํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ†ต์กฐ๋ฆผ์— ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒ€์€ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ๋Š” ๊ธ€๋ฃจ์ฝ˜์‚ฐ ์ฒ ์„ ํ•จ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ฒ ์—ผ์€ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œํ‹ฐ๋กœ์†”์˜ ์‚ฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด‰๋งคํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ†ต์กฐ๋ฆผ ์†์˜ ๊ฒ€์€ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ์—๋Š” ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œํ‹ฐ๋กœ์†”์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œํ‹ฐ๋กœ์†”์€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์‹ํ’ˆ์•ˆ์ „์ฒญ์—์„œ๋„ ๊ถŒ์žฅ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰ 5mg/์ผ ์ด์ƒ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•  ์ •๋„๋กœ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ๋‚ด์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์‹ํ’ˆ์•ˆ์ „์ฒญ์˜ ๊ณผํ•™ ์œ„์›ํšŒ์—์„œ ํ˜ˆ์ค‘ ์ง€์งˆ ์ˆ˜์น˜์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋น„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ์œ ์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
1
Cathine is an amphetamine that is propylbenzene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and by an amino group at position 2 (the 1S,2S-stereoisomer). It has a role as a plant metabolite, a central nervous system stimulant and a psychotropic drug. It is a member of amphetamines and a phenethylamine alkaloid.
์ŠคํŠธ๋ ™ํ† ๋งˆ์ด์‹ (Streptomycin)์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ์ด๋‹ค. ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์ฝ”์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ(aminoglycoside)๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•ฝ๋ฌผ๊ตฐ ์ค‘ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฒฐํ•ต์˜ 1์ฐจ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์ œ์ด๋‹ค. ํ† ์–‘๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์„ ๊ท (actinobacterium,Actinomyces, ๆ”พ็ทš่Œ)์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ™ํ† ๋ฏธ์„ธ์Šค์†(Streptomyces griseus)์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ™ํ† ๋งˆ์ด์‹ ์€ ์‚ด๊ท ์„ฑ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ์ด๋‹ค. ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ™ํ† ๋งˆ์ด์‹ ์€ ๊ฒฝ๊ตฌ๋กœ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๊ทผ์œก ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋กœ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋…์„ฑ(ototoxicity)์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ท€์— ์†์ƒ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Heptachlor is a cyclodiene organochlorine insecticide that is 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-4,7-methanoindene substituted by chlorine atoms at positions 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 8. Formerly used to kill termites, ants and other insects in agricultural and domestic situations. It has a role as a GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist, an agrochemical, an antibacterial agent, a persistent organic pollutant and an antifungal agent. It derives from a hydride of a 1H-indene.
์š”์˜ค๋“œํฌ๋ฆ„(Iodoform) ๋˜๋Š” ์•„์ด์˜ค๋„ํผ์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹ CHI3์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์œ ๊ธฐ์š”๋“œํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์ฐฝ๋ฐฑํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ž€์ƒ‰์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ํœ˜๋ฐœ์„ฑ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋ฉฐ ํ†ก ์˜๋Š” ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ํŠน์ง•์ด๋‹ค. ํด๋กœ๋กœํฌ๋ฆ„๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋‹ฌํ•œ ๋ง›์„ ๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์†Œ๋…์ œ๋กœ์„œ ์ข…์ข… ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค.
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Barbituric acid is a barbiturate, the structure of which is that of perhydropyrimidine substituted at C-2, -4 and -6 by oxo groups. Barbituric acid is the parent compound of barbiturate drugs, although it is not itself pharmacologically active. It has a role as an allergen and a xenobiotic. It is a conjugate acid of a barbiturate, a barbiturate(2-) and a barbiturate(1-).
FTC๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์— ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์‹œํƒ€๋นˆ(Emtricitabine, ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ช… : 2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluoro-3'-thiacytidine, ์ƒํ’ˆ๋ช… : Emtriva (์˜ˆ์ „ ์ƒํ’ˆ๋ช… : Coviracil))์€ ์„ฑ์ธ๊ณผ ์•„์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ HIV ๊ฐ์—ผ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๊ณผ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‰ดํด๋ ˆ์˜ค์‹œ๋“œ ์—ญ์ „์‚ฌํšจ์†Œ ์–ต์ œ์•ฝ(NRTI)์ด๋‹ค. ์— ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์‹œํƒ€๋นˆ(Emtricitabine)์€ ํ…Œ๋…ธํฌ๋น„๋ฅด ๋””์†Œํ”„๋ก์‹ค(tenofovir disoproxil)๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ œ๋กœ ์ƒํ’ˆ๋ช…์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํŠธ๋ฃจ๋ฐ”๋‹ค(Truvada)๋กœ ์‹œํŒ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ…Œ๋…ธํฌ๋น„๋ฅด ์•Œ๋ผํŽ˜๋‚˜๋ฏธ๋“œ(tenofovir alafenamide)์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ๋œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ƒํ’ˆ๋ช… ๋ฐ์Šค์ฝ”๋น„(Descovy)๋กœ ์‹œํŒ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์— ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์‹œํƒ€๋นˆ(Emtricitabine)๊ณผ ํ…Œ๋…ธํฌ๋น„๋ฅด(tenofovir), ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ํŒŒ๋น„๋ Œ์ฆˆ(efavirenz) ์ด 3๊ฐœ์˜ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ œ๋กœ๋Š” Atripla๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒํ’ˆ๋ช…์œผ๋กœ 2006๋…„ 7์›” 12์ผ์— ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ํ’ˆ์˜์•ฝ๊ตญ(FDA, Food and Drug Administration)์— ์Šน์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์— ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์‹œํƒ€๋นˆ(Emtricitabine)์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ƒํ’ˆ๋ช… ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋นŒ๋“œ(Stribild)์™€ ์  ๋ณด์•ผ(Genvoya)๋กœ ์‹œํŒ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. 2021๋…„์—๋Š” ์— ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์‹œํƒ€๋นˆ์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ 2008๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2018๋…„๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ 241 ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ๋œ ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
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Chloroform is a one-carbon compound that is methane in which three of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines. It has a role as an inhalation anaesthetic, a non-polar solvent, a carcinogenic agent, a central nervous system drug and a refrigerant. It is a one-carbon compound and a member of chloromethanes.
5-ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„์ด์†Œ์š”์‚ฐ(์˜์–ด: 5-hydroxyisourate)์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹์ด C5H4N4O4์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ถ„์ž๋Ÿ‰์ด 184.11 g/mol์ธ ๋ถ„์ž์ด๋‹ค. 5-ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„์ด์†Œ์š”์‚ฐ์€ ์š”์‚ฐ ์‚ฐํ™”ํšจ์†Œ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์š”์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค.
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Orotic acid () is a pyrimidinedione and a carboxylic acid. Historically, it was believed to be part of the vitamin B complex and was called vitamin B13, but it is now known that it is not a vitamin. The compound is synthesized in the body via a mitochondrial enzyme, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase or a cytoplasmic enzyme of pyrimidine synthesis pathway. It is sometimes used as a mineral carrier in some dietary supplements (to increase their bioavailability), most commonly for lithium orotate.
์ž์ผ๋ฆฌํ†จ(์˜์–ด: xylitol) ๋˜๋Š” ํฌ์‹ค๋ฆฌํ†จ(โ†ํ•€๋ž€๋“œ์–ด: Ksylitoli ํฌ์‰ด๋ฆฌํ†จ๋ฆฌ[*])์€ ์ž์ผ๋กœ์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊ณตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งŒ๋“ , ์•Œ์ฝ”์˜ฌ๊ณ„์˜ ๋‹น์œผ๋กœ ์„คํƒ• ๋Œ€์šฉํ’ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์น˜์•„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์šฉํ’ˆ์— ์ด์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋‹ค. ํ™”ํ•™์‹์€ (CHOH)3(CH2OH)2์ด๋‹ค. ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ž๋‹น๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ •๋„์˜ ๋‹จ๋ง›์ด ๋‚˜์ง€๋งŒ ์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž๋‹น์˜ 60% ์ •๋„์ด๋‹ค. ์ž๋‹น, ํฌ๋„๋‹น, ๊ณผ๋‹น ๋“ฑ์˜ ์œกํƒ„๋‹น๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์ž์ผ๋ฆฌํ†จ์€ ์˜คํƒ„๋‹น์œผ๋กœ ๋ฎคํƒ„์Šค๊ท (S.mutans; ์ถฉ์น˜์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์›์ธ๊ท )์ด ๋‹น์„ ๋ฐœํšจ์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด ์‚ฐ์˜ ์ƒ์„ฑ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ถฉ์น˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๊ณผ ์น˜์•„๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์†์ƒ๋œ ์น˜์•„ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๋ณต์›ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ, ์ธ์Š๋ฆฐ์ด ์†Œ๋ชจ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์„คํƒ• ๋Œ€์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ž๋‹น๊ณผ๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ๋ง›์„ ๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹Œ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์†”๋น„ํ†จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. EU ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์Œ์‹ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ๋•Œ ์ž์ผ๋ฆฌํ†จ์˜ E ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋Š” E967์ด๋‹ค.
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Porphyrin is a natural product found in Taxus wallichiana with data available.
ํฌ๋ฅดํฌ๋นŒ๋ฆฌ๋…ธ์  (์˜์–ด: porphobilinogen, PBG)์€ ํ—ค๋ชจ๊ธ€๋กœ๋นˆ, ์—ฝ๋ก์†Œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋“ค์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ธ ํฌ๋ฅดํ”ผ๋ฆฐ์˜ ์ƒํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ์˜ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์ƒ์„ฑ๋ฌผ๋กœ์„œ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ฒด ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ํฌ๋ฅดํฌ๋นŒ๋ฆฌ๋…ธ์   ๋ถ„์ž์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์˜ 2๋ฒˆ, 3๋ฒˆ ๋ฐ 4๋ฒˆ ์œ„์น˜์˜ ์ˆ˜์†Œ ์›์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ๊ธฐ(โˆ’CH2โˆ’NH2), ์•„์„ธํ‹ธ๊ธฐ(โˆ’CH2COOH), ํ”„๋กœํ”ผ์˜ค๋‹๊ธฐ(โˆ’CH2CH2COOH)๋กœ ์น˜ํ™˜๋œ ๊ณ์‚ฌ์Šฌ(1๋ฒˆ์€ ์งˆ์†Œ ์›์ž์ž„)์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํ”ผ๋กค ๋ถ„์ž๋กœ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Cadaverine is a natural product found in Brasenia schreberi, Palhinhaea cernua, and other organisms with data available.
์—ผํ™” ์•„์„ธํ‹ธ(Acetyl chloride, CH3COCl)์€ ์•„์„ธํŠธ์‚ฐ์ด ๊ธฐ์›์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์—ผํ™” ์•„์‹ค์ด๋‹ค. ์•„์‹ค ํ• ๋ผ์ด๋“œ(acid halide)๋ผ๋Š” ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์— ์†ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์ƒ‰์˜, ๋ถ€์‹์„ฑ์˜ ํœ˜๋ฐœ์„ฑ ์•ก์ฒด์ด๋‹ค. ํ™”ํ•™์‹์€ AcCl๋กœ ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋‹ค.
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Propofol is a phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group. It has a role as an intravenous anaesthetic, a sedative, a radical scavenger, an antiemetic and an anticonvulsant.
๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์‚ฐ(์˜์–ด: glutaric acid)์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹์ด C3H6(COOH)2์ธ ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ด€๋ จ ์„ ํ˜• ๋‹ค์ด์นด๋ณต์‹ค์‚ฐ์ธ ์•„๋””ํ”„์‚ฐ๊ณผ ์„์‹ ์‚ฐ์€ ์‹ค์˜จ์—์„œ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ช‡ ํผ์„ผํŠธ๋งŒ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์„ฑ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์‚ฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์„ฑ์€ 50%(w/w)๋ฅผ ๋„˜๋Š”๋‹ค.
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Cyclopropane is a cycloalkane composed of three carbon atoms to form a ring. It has a role as an inhalation anaesthetic. It is a cycloalkane and a member of cyclopropanes.
์—์ฟ ์˜ฌ(์˜์–ด: equol) ๋˜๋Š” 4',7-์•„์ด์†Œํ”Œ๋ผ๋ฐ˜๋‹ค์ด์˜ฌ(์˜์–ด: 4',7-isoflavandiol)์€ ๋Œ€๋‘ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์‹ค๋ฌผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์›์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” ์•„์ด์†Œํ”Œ๋ผ๋ณธ์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ธ ๋‹ค์ด๋“œ์ œ์ธ์ด ์žฅ๋‚ด ์„ธ๊ท ์ด์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋Œ€์‚ฌ๋˜์–ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ์•„์ด์†Œํ”Œ๋ผ๋ฐ˜๋‹ค์ด์˜ฌ ์—์ŠคํŠธ๋กœ์  ์ด๋‹ค. ์—์ŠคํŠธ๋ผ๋‹ค์ด์˜ฌ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚ด์ธ์„ฑ ์—์ŠคํŠธ๋กœ์   ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์€ ์Šคํ…Œ๋กœ์ด๋“œ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์—์ฟ ์˜ฌ์€ ๋น„์Šคํ…Œ๋กœ์ด๋“œ์„ฑ ์—์ŠคํŠธ๋กœ์  ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์•ฝ 30~50%์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋งŒ์ด ์—์ฟ ์˜ฌ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์žฅ๋‚ด ์„ธ๊ท ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์—์ฟ ์˜ฌ์€ (S)-์—์ฟ ์˜ฌ ๋ฐ (R)-์—์ฟ ์˜ฌ์˜ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฑฐ์šธ์ƒ ์ด์„ฑ์งˆ์ฒด์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. (S)-์—์ฟ ์˜ฌ์€ ์—์ŠคํŠธ๋กœ์   ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ฒด ๋ฒ ํƒ€์— ์šฐ์„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•œ๋‹ค.
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Tridecane or n-tridecane is an alkane with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)11CH3. Tridecane is a combustible colourless liquid. In industry, they have no specific value aside from being components of various fuels and solvents. In the research laboratory, tridecane is also used as a distillation chaser.
2,4-๋‹ค์ด๋‚˜์ดํŠธ๋กœํŽ˜๋†€(์˜์–ด: 2,4-dinitrophenol)์€ ๋‹ค์ด๋‚˜์ดํŠธ๋กœํŽ˜๋†€์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ด๋‹ค. ์„ธํฌํ˜ธํก์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•ด ๋น„๋งŒ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์ œ๋กœ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณด๋””๋นŒ๋”๋“ค์ด ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋งŒ ๋นผ๋ ค๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋จน๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ๋Š” ์ผ๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Oxacillin is a penicillin antibiotic carrying a 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxamide group at position 6beta. It has a role as an antibacterial agent and an antibacterial drug. It is a conjugate acid of an oxacillin(1-).
ํ‹ฐ์•„๋„ตํ‹ด(Tianeptine, ์ƒํ’ˆ๋ช…์œผ๋กœ '์Šคํƒ€๋ธŒ๋ก ' ๋“ฑ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค)์€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์—…์ฒด์ธ ์ œ์ผ์•ฝํ’ˆ์—์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์šฐ์šธ์ œ์ด๋‹ค.
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Cathinone (; also known as benzoylethanamine, or ฮฒ-keto-amphetamine) is a monoamine alkaloid found in the shrub Catha edulis (khat) and is chemically similar to ephedrine, cathine, methcathinone and other amphetamines. It is probably the main contributor to the stimulant effect of Catha edulis, also known as khat. Cathinone differs from many other amphetamines in that it has a ketone functional group. Other phenethylamines that share this structure include the stimulants methcathinone, MDPV, mephedrone and the antidepressant bupropion.
์•”ํ”ผ์‹ค๋ฆฐ(ampicillin)์€ ๊ธฐ๋„ ๊ฐ์—ผ, ์š”๋กœ๊ฐ์—ผ์ฆ, ์ˆ˜๋ง‰์—ผ, ์‚ด๋ชจ๋„ฌ๋ผ์ฆ, ์‹ฌ์žฅ๋‚ด๋ง‰์—ผ ๋“ฑ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ณ‘๊ท  ๊ฐ์—ผ์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋‹ค. ์‹ ์ƒ์•„์˜ B๊ตฐ ์—ฐ์‡„์ƒ๊ตฌ๊ท  ๊ฐ์—ผ์ฆ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•์œผ๋กœ, ๊ทผ์œก ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋กœ, ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋งฅ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณต์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•ญ์ƒ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๊ฐ์—ผ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์—๋Š” ์œ ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์—๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ง„, ๊ตฌ์—ญ์งˆ, ์„ค์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค. ํŽ˜๋‹ˆ์‹ค๋ฆฐ์— ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํด๋กœ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋””์›€ ๋””ํ”ผ์‹ค ๋Œ€์žฅ์—ผ, ๊ณผ๋ฏผ์ฆ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ ๋ถ€์ „ ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์œ ์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณต์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ž„์‹  ๋ฐ ๋ชจ์œ  ์ˆ˜์œ  ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋œ๋‹ค.
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Cyclohexanol is an alcohol that consists of cyclohexane bearing a single hydroxy substituent. The parent of the class of cyclohexanols. It has a role as a solvent. It is a secondary alcohol and a member of cyclohexanols.
์‚ฌ์ดํด๋กœํ—ฅ์„ธ์ธ(Cyclohexane, ์‹œํด๋กœํ—ฅ์‚ฐ)์€ ์‚ฌ์ดํด๋กœ์•Œ์ผ€์ธ์˜ ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์ธ ์œ ๊ธฐํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์ดํด๋กœ ํ—ฅ์„ธ์ธ์€ ๋ฒค์  ์˜ ์ˆ˜์†Œ์ฒจ๊ฐ€๋ฐ˜์‘์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ƒ์˜จ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์ƒ‰์˜ ์•ก์ฒด ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํœ˜๋ฐœ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์ดํด๋กœํ—ฅ์„ธ์ธ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ดํด๋กœ ์•Œ์ผ€์ธ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๊ฐ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ 109.5๋„์ด๋‹ค.
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Aniline (from Portuguese anil 'indigo shrub', and -ine indicating a derived substance) is an organic compound with the formula C6H5NH2. Consisting of a phenyl group (โˆ’C6H5) attached to an amino group (โˆ’NH2), aniline is the simplest aromatic amine. It is an industrially significant commodity chemical, as well as a versatile starting material for fine chemical synthesis. Its main use is in the manufacture of precursors to polyurethane, dyes, and other industrial chemicals. Like most volatile amines, it has the odor of rotten fish. It ignites readily, burning with a smoky flame characteristic of aromatic compounds. It is toxic to humans. Relative to benzene, aniline is "electron-rich". It thus participates more rapidly in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Likewise, it is also prone to oxidation: while freshly purified aniline is an almost colorless oil, exposure to air results in gradual darkening to yellow or red, due to the formation of strongly colored, oxidized impurities. Aniline can be diazotized to give a diazonium salt, which can then undergo various nucleophilic substitution reactions. Like other amines, aniline is both a base (pKaH = 4.6) and a nucleophile, although less so than structurally similar aliphatic amines. Because an early source of the benzene from which they are derived was coal tar, aniline dyes are also called coal tar dyes.
์‹œ๋ง์‚ฐ(์˜์–ด: syringic acid)์€ ์‹๋ฌผ์˜ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ๋กœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ ์ƒ์„ฑ ํŽ˜๋†€ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ ๋ฐ ๋‹ค์ด๋ฉ”ํ†ก์‹œ๋ฒค์  ์ด๋‹ค.
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Isoprene, or 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, is a common volatile organic compound with the formula CH2CH2. In its pure form it is a colorless volatile liquid. It is produced by many plants and animals (including humans) and its polymers are the main component of natural rubber.
๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ชจํ‹ฐ๋ชฐ ๋ธ”๋ฃจ(์˜์–ด: bromothymol blue, C27H28Br2O5S), ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ BTB ์šฉ์•ก์€ ์‚ฐยท์—ผ๊ธฐ ์ง€์‹œ์•ฝ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ž€์ƒ‰์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ค‘์„ฑ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ดˆ๋ก์ƒ‰, ์—ผ๊ธฐ์„ฑ์—์„œ๋Š” ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€์‹œ์•ฝ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  pH ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋„๋ฆฌ ์“ฐ์ธ๋‹ค. ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋…ธ์ถœ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์— ์†์ƒ์„ ์ž…ํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Levamisole, sold under the brand name Ergamisol among others, is a medication used to treat parasitic worm infections, specifically ascariasis and hookworm infections. It is taken by mouth. Side effects may include abdominal pain, vomiting, headache, and dizziness. Use is not recommended during breastfeeding or the third trimester of pregnancy. Serious side effects may include an increased risk of infection. It belongs to the anthelmintic class of medications. Levamisole was invented in 1966 in Belgium by Janssen Pharmaceuticals. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Levamisole is also used as a dewormer for cattle.
๋…ธ๋„ค์ธ(nonane) ๋˜๋Š” ๋…ธ๋‚œ์€ ๋ถ„์ž์‹ C9H20, ์ถ•์•ฝ๊ตฌ์กฐ์‹(Condensed structural fomula) CH3(CH2)7CH3์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์•Œ์ผ€์ธ์œผ๋กœ, 35๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ์ด์„ฑ์งˆ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Dronedarone is a member of the class of 1-benzofurans used for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. It has a role as an anti-arrhythmia drug, an environmental contaminant and a xenobiotic. It is a member of 1-benzofurans, a tertiary amino compound, a sulfonamide, an aromatic ketone and an aromatic ether.
๋ฒค๋ผํŒ์‹  ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋กœํด๋กœ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์™€์ด์–ด์Šค(ํ˜„ ํ™”์ด์ž)์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ 1993๋…„์— ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ์„œ๋ฐฉํ˜• ํ•ญ์šฐ์šธ์ œ๋กœ์„œ, ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์„ธ๋กœํ† ๋‹Œ ๋…ธ๋ฅด์—ํŽ˜๋„คํ”„๋ฆฐ ์žฌํก์ˆ˜ ์–ต์ œ์ œ(์ดํ•˜ SNRI)์— ์†ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋ฒค๋ผํŒ์‹ ์€ ์ดํŽ™์‚ฌ(Effexor)์™€ ์ดํŽ™์‚ฌ XR์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒํ‘œ๋ช…์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ํŒ๋งค ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, 2006๋…„ 8์›” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฒค๋ผํŒ์‹ ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฒค๋ผํŒ์‹ ๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๋ฅดํƒ€์žํ•€์„ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ๋กœ์ผ“ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ผ๋Š” ์†์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์กฐํ•ฉ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Salicin is an alcoholic ฮฒ-glucoside. Salicin is produced in (and named after) willow (Salix) bark. It is a biosynthetic precursor to salicylaldehyde. Salicin hydrolyses into ฮฒ-d-glucose and salicyl alcohol (saligenin). Salicyl alcohol can be oxidized into salicylaldehyde and salicylate, both biologically and industrially.
์•„๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋‹Œ(์˜์–ด: arginine) (๊ธฐํ˜ธ: Arg or R)์€ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์˜ ์ƒํ•ฉ์„ฑ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ฮฑ-์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ์ด๋‹ค. ์•„๋ฅด์ง€๋‹Œ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋‹Œ์€ ฮฑ-์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ๊ธฐ(์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์–‘์„ฑ์žํ™”๋œ โˆ’NH3+ ํ˜•ํƒœ), ฮฑ-์นด๋ณต์‹ค๊ธฐ(์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ํƒˆ์–‘์„ฑ์žํ™”๋œ โˆ’COOโˆ’ ํ˜•ํƒœ) ๋ฐ ๊ณ์‚ฌ์Šฌ์— ๊ตฌ์•„๋‹ˆ๋””๋…ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ์ƒ๋ฆฌํ•™์  pH์—์„œ ์–‘์ด์˜จ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ์šธ์ƒ ์ด์„ฑ์งˆ์ฒด์ธ L-์•„๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋‹Œ๋งŒ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋‹Œ ์ž”๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ์ด๋‹ค. ์•„๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋‹Œ์€ CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, AGG ์ฝ”๋ˆ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋‹Œ์˜ ๊ตฌ์•„๋‹ˆ๋””๋…ธ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‚ฐํ™” ์งˆ์†Œ์˜ ์ƒํ•ฉ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „๊ตฌ์ฒด์ด๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์•„๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋‹Œ์€ ํฐ์ƒ‰์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์„ฑ ๊ณ ์ฒด์ด๋‹ค.
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Camphene is a bicyclic organic compound. It is one of the most pervasive monoterpenes. As with other terpenes, it is insoluble in water, flammable, colorless, and has a pungent smell. It is a minor constituent of many essential oils such as turpentine, cypress oil, camphor oil, citronella oil, neroli, ginger oil, valerian, and mango. It is produced industrially by isomerization of the more common alpha-pinene using a solid acid catalyst such as titanium dioxide. Camphene is used in the preparation of fragrances and as a food additive for flavoring. These include isobornyl acetate.
์•Œ๋ผ์ด์‹ (์˜์–ด: allysine) ๋˜๋Š” ์•Œ๋ฆฌ์‹ ์€ ์—˜๋ผ์Šคํ‹ด๊ณผ ์ฝœ๋ผ๊ฒ์˜ ์ƒ์„ฑ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ผ์ด์‹ ์˜ ์œ ๋„์ฒด์ด๋‹ค. ์•Œ๋ผ์ด์‹ ์€ ์„ธํฌ์™ธ ๊ธฐ์งˆ์—์„œ ๋ผ์ด์‹ค ์‚ฐํ™”ํšจ์†Œ์˜ ์ž‘์šฉ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ฝœ๋ผ๊ฒ๊ณผ ์—˜๋ผ์Šคํ‹ด์„ ์•ˆ์ •ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ต์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋‹ค.
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Cetrimonium is a natural product found in Streptomyces mobaraensis with data available.
๋ฏธ๋ฅดํƒ€์žํ•€(์˜์–ด: Mirtazapine, ์ƒํ’ˆ๋ช…์€ ๋ ˆ๋ฉ”๋ก (Remeron)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค)์€ 1996๋…„์— ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฐ€๋…ผ(ํ˜„ MSD) ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ NaSSA(๋…ธ๋ฅด์•„๋“œ๋ ˆ๋‚ ๋ฆฐ ํŠน์ • ์„ธ๋กœํ† ๋‹Œ) ๊ณ„์—ด์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ ํ•ญ์šฐ์šธ์ œ์ด๋‹ค. SSRI ๋ฐ SNRI์™€๋Š” ํ™•์—ฐํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž‘์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ „์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์š” ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ์ด์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ฌผ์งˆ ๋ฐ ์šฉ๋„ ํŠนํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋ฃŒ๋œ ์ดํ›„์—, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์—…์ฒด์ธ ํ˜„๋Œ€์•ฝํ’ˆ์˜ '๋ฉ€ํƒ€ํ•€์ •'์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์›๋ฃŒ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์—์„œ ์™„์ œํ’ˆ๊นŒ์ง€ 100% ๊ตญ์‚ฐํ™”์— ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ œ๋„ค๋ฆญ ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ถœ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋ช…์ธ์ œ์•ฝ์˜ '๋ฐ€ํƒ€์ •', ํ™˜์ธ์ œ์•ฝ์˜ '๋ฏธ๋ฅด์  ํƒ์ •'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ œ๋„ค๋ฆญ ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ถœ์‹œํ•œ ๋ฐ” ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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N-acetylcysteine, also known as Acetylcysteine and NAC, is a medication that is used to treat paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose and to loosen thick mucus in individuals with chronic bronchopulmonary disorders, such as pneumonia and bronchitis. It has been used to treat lactobezoar in infants. It can be taken intravenously, orally (swallowed by mouth), or inhaled as a mist. It is also sometimes used as a dietary supplement. Common side effects include nausea and vomiting when taken orally. The skin may occasionally become red and itchy with any route of administration. A non-immune type of anaphylaxis may also occur. It appears to be safe in pregnancy. For paracetamol overdose, it works by increasing the level of glutathione, an antioxidant that can neutralize the toxic breakdown products of paracetamol. When inhaled, it acts as a mucolytic by decreasing the thickness of mucus. Acetylcysteine was initially patented in 1960 and came into medical use in 1968. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication. The sulfur-containing amino acids cysteine and methionine are more easily oxidized than the other amino acids.
์•„์„ธํ‹ธ์‹œ์Šคํ…Œ์ธ(์˜์–ด: acetylcysteine) ๋˜๋Š” N-์•„์„ธํ‹ธ์‹œ์Šคํ…Œ์ธ(์˜์–ด: N-acetylcysteine), NAC)์€ ์•„์„ธํŠธ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธํŽœ์˜ ๊ณผ๋‹ค๋ณต์šฉ์„ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚ญํฌ์„ฑ ์„ฌ์œ ์ฆ์ด๋‚˜ ๋งŒ์„ฑ ํ์‡„์„ฑ ํ์งˆํ™˜ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๊ณ ๋†๋„์˜ ์ ์•ก์„ ์™„ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์ด๋‹ค. ์ •๋งฅ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ, ๊ตฌ๊ฐ• ๋˜๋Š” ์Šคํ”„๋ ˆ์ด ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ํก์ž…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์•„์„ธํ‹ธ์‹œ์Šคํ…Œ์ธ์„ ์‹์ด ๋ณด์ถฉ์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณต์šฉ ์‹œ ๋ฉ”์Šค๊บผ์›€, ๊ตฌํ† ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ”ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„ํ—์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋นจ๊ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€๋ ค์›€์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋ฉด์—ญํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๊ณผ๋ฏผ์ฆ๋„ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž„์‹  ์ค‘์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด๋„ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋œ๋‹ค. ํŒŒ๋ผ์„ธํƒ€๋ชฐ ๊ณผ๋‹ค๋ณต์šฉ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํŒŒ๋ผ์„ธํƒ€๋ชฐ์˜ ๋…์„ฑ ๋ถ„ํ•ด ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์„ ์ค‘ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฐํ™”๋ฐฉ์ง€์ œ์ธ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€ํ‹ฐ์˜จ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋™์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํก์ž…ํ•  ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ์ ์•ก์˜ ๋†๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ ์•ก์šฉํ•ด์ œ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์•„์„ธํ‹ธ์‹œ์Šคํ…Œ์ธ์€ 1960๋…„์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ํŠนํ—ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ 1968๋…„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๋ฃŒ์ œ๋„์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ธ WHO ํ•„์ˆ˜ ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ ๋ชฉ๋ก์— ๋“ฑ์žฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๋„ค๋ฆญ ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋งค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ํŽธ์ด๋‹ค.
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Sulfolane is a member of the class of tetrahydrothiophenes that is tetrahydrothiophene in which the sulfur has been oxidised to give the corresponding sulfone. A colourless, high-boiling (285###) liquid that is miscible with both water and hydrocarbons, it is used as an industrial solvent, particularly for the purification of hydrocarbon mixtures by liquid-vapour extraction. It has a role as a polar aprotic solvent. It is a sulfone and a member of tetrahydrothiophenes. It derives from a hydride of a tetrahydrothiophene.
์•ˆํ‹ฐ๋งˆ์ด์‹  A(์˜์–ด: antimycin A)๋Š” ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ™ํ† ๋งˆ์ด์„ธ์Šค ์„ธ๊ท ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” 2์ฐจ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์•ˆํ‹ฐ๋งˆ์ด์‹ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ด€๋ จ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด๋‹ค. ์•ˆํ‹ฐ๋งˆ์ด์‹  A๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ธด๊ธ‰ ๊ณ„ํš ๋ฐ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์•Œ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ (42 U.S.C. 11002)์˜ 302์ ˆ์— ์ •์˜๋œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์‚ฐ, ์ €์žฅ, ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค์—์„œ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์š”๊ฑด์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
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Fermium is a synthetic chemical element; it has symbol Fm and atomic number 100. It is an actinide and the heaviest element that can be formed by neutron bombardment of lighter elements, and hence the last element that can be prepared in macroscopic quantities, although pure fermium metal has not yet been prepared. A total of 20 isotopes are known, with 257Fm being the longest-lived with a half-life of 100.5 days. Fermium was discovered in the debris of the first hydrogen bomb explosion in 1952, and named after Enrico Fermi, one of the pioneers of nuclear physics. Its chemistry is typical for the late actinides, with a preponderance of the +3 oxidation state but also an accessible +2 oxidation state. Owing to the small amounts of produced fermium and all of its isotopes having relatively short half-lives, there are currently no uses for it outside basic scientific research.
ํ…ŒํŠธ๋ผ๋ฐ์ผ€์ธ(tetradecane) ๋˜๋Š” ํ…ŒํŠธ๋ผ๋ฐ์นธ์€ ๋ถ„์ž์‹ C14H30, ์ถ•์•ฝ๊ตฌ์กฐ์‹(Condensed structural fomula) CH3(CH2)12CH3์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์•Œ์ผ€์ธ์ด๋‹ค.
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All-trans-retinol is a retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry. It has a role as a human metabolite, a mouse metabolite and a plant metabolite. It is a retinol and a vitamin A.
ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ(theobromine, ์ด์ „ ๋ช…์นญ: ์ž”ํ…Œ์˜ค์Šค(xantheose))์€ ์“ด ๋ง›์ด ๋‚˜๋Š” ์นด์นด์˜ค ์‹๋ฌผ์˜ ์•Œ์นผ๋กœ์ด๋“œ์ด๋ฉฐ ํ™”ํ•™์‹์€ C7H8N4O2์ด๋‹ค. ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ ์™ธ์—๋„ ์ฐจ ์‹๋ฌผ์žŽ, ์ฝœ๋ผ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ์—ด๋งค ๋“ฑ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์Œ์‹์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž”ํ‹ด ์•Œ์นผ๋กœ์ด๋“œ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์ค‘ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋กœ๋Š” ํ…Œ์˜คํ•„๋ฆฐ๊ณผ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค. ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์ด ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. "ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์€ ๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ(theobromine)์€ ์นด์นด์˜ค๋‚˜๋ฌด์˜ ์†์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ธ ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋งˆ์†์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.(๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์–ด ๋‚ฑ๋ง theos(์‹ ๋“ค)๊ณผ broma(์Œ์‹)์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์Œ์‹์„ ๋œปํ•œ๋‹ค)) -ine์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•Œ์นผ๋กœ์ด๋“œ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ผ๊ธฐ ์งˆ์†Œ ํ•จ์œ  ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์— ์ ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ(330 mg/L), ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ™”๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ์“ด ๋ง›์ด ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ฃจ์ด๋‹ค. ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ์€ ํฐ ์ƒ‰์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒ‰์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒ์šฉ ๊ฒฌ๋ณธ์€ ๋…ธ๋ž€์ƒ‰์„ ๋ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์˜ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์˜ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ณด๋‹ค ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚ฎ์€ ํšจ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋” ๋‚ฎ์€ ๋™์กฑ์ฒด(homologue)๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ค€๋‹ค. ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ์€ ํŒŒ๋ผ์ž”ํ‹ด ์™ธ์—๋„ ํ…Œ์˜คํ•„๋ฆฐ์˜ ์ด์„ฑ์งˆ์ฒด์ด๋‹ค. ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ์€ ๋””๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ ์ž”ํ‹ด์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ์€ 1841๋…„ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ํ™”ํ•™์ž ์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋“œ๋ฅด ๋ณด์Šคํฌ๋ ˆ์„ผ์Šคํ‚ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ์นด์นด์˜ค ์ฝฉ์—์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž”ํ‹ด์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์€ 1882๋…„ ํ—ค๋ฅด๋งŒ ์—๋ฐ€ ํ”ผ์…”์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ,์ด ์„ฑ๋ถ„์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒ ํํ‰ํ™œ๊ทผ์„ ์ด์™„์‹œ์ผœ์ฃผ์ง€๋งŒ ๋™๋ฌผ์—๊ฒ ๊ทผ์œก๊ฒฝ๋ จ, ํ˜ธํก๊ณค๋ž€, ์„ค์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
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Azathioprine is a thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, an antimetabolite, an immunosuppressive agent, a prodrug, a carcinogenic agent, a DNA synthesis inhibitor and a hepatotoxic agent. It is a thiopurine, a C-nitro compound, a member of imidazoles and an aryl sulfide.
๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ๋ง๋ก ์‚ฐ(์˜์–ด: methylmalonic acid)์€ ๋””์นด๋ฅด๋ณต์‹ค์‚ฐ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ง๋ก ์‚ฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ๋ง๋ก ์‚ฐ์˜ ์—ผ์„ ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ๋ง๋ก ์‚ฐ์—ผ(์˜์–ด: methylmalonate)์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค.
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Chloroacetic acid is a chlorocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid carrying a 2-chloro substituent. It has a role as an alkylating agent and a herbicide. It is a chlorocarboxylic acid and a haloacetic acid. It is functionally related to an acetic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a chloroacetate.
์•Œ๋„์Šคํ…Œ๋ก (aldosterone)์€ ๋ถ€์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒ‰์งˆ์˜ ํ•œ ์ธต์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์Šคํ…Œ๋กœ์ด๋“œ ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์œผ๋กœ, ๋ฌด๊ธฐ์งˆ์ฝ”๋ฅดํ‹ฐ์ฝ”์ด๋“œ์— ์†ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๊ด€๊ณผ ๋„คํ”„๋ก ์˜ ์›์œ„์„ธ๋‡จ๊ด€์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚˜ํŠธ๋ฅจ ์ด์˜จ์˜ ์žฌํก์ˆ˜์™€ ์นผ๋ฅจ ์ด์˜จ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์„ค์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒด๋‚ด ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๋Ÿ‰, ํ˜ˆ์••, ํ˜ˆ์•ก๋Ÿ‰์—๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๋„์Šคํ…Œ๋ก ์€ ์ฝฉํŒฅ, ์นจ์ƒ˜, ๋•€์ƒ˜, ์ž˜๋ก์ฐฝ์ž ๋“ฑ์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํŠธ๋ฅจ์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋‚˜ํŠธ๋ฅจ๊ณผ ์นผ๋ฅจ, ํ˜ˆ์••์˜ ํ•ญ์ƒ์„ฑ ์œ ์ง€์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์กฐ์ ˆ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์•Œ๋„์Šคํ…Œ๋ก  ๋ถ„๋น„๋Š” ๋ณ‘์„ ์ผ์œผ์ผœ ์‹ฌํ˜ˆ๊ด€์งˆํ™˜๊ณผ ์ฝฉํŒฅ๋ณ‘ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ถ„๋น„๋˜๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ฐฉ์„ฑ ๋‚˜ํŠธ๋ฅจ์ด๋‡จํŽฉํƒ€์ด๋“œ(ANP)์™€๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ •๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ด๋‹ค. ์•Œ๋„์Šคํ…Œ๋ก ์€ ๋ ˆ๋‹Œ ์•ˆ์ง€์˜คํ…์‹ ๊ณ„์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋‹ค. ํ˜ˆ์žฅ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” 20๋ถ„ ์ดํ•˜์ด๋‹ค. ์•Œ๋„์Šคํ…Œ๋ก ์€ ํ˜ˆ์•ก ์–‘์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผœ ํ˜ˆ์••์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•Œ๋„์Šคํ…Œ๋ก ์˜ ๋ถ„๋น„๋‚˜ ์ž‘์šฉ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ์•ฝ์€ ํ˜ˆ์••์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๋ฐ ์“ฐ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณ ํ˜ˆ์••์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์•ฝ์—๋Š” ์•ˆ์ง€์˜คํ…์‹  ๋ณ€ํ™”ํšจ์†Œ(ACE)๋ฅผ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ACE ์–ต์ œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์€ ์•Œ๋„์Šคํ…Œ๋ก  ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ๋ง‰์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‚˜ํŠธ๋ฅจ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ ์ €๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์นผ๋ฅจ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์„ค์„ ๋ง‰๋Š”๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•Œ๋„์Šคํ…Œ๋ก  ๊ด€๋ จ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์ธ ์Šคํ”ผ๋กœ๋†€๋ฝํ†ค์€ ์•Œ๋„์Šคํ…Œ๋ก  ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ง‰์•„ ํ˜ˆ์••์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ˜๋‹ค. ์Šคํ”ผ๋กœ๋†€๋ฝํ†ค์€ ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ ์ด๋‡จ์ œ ๋“ฑ์ด ์นผ๋ฅจ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์„ค์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์นผ๋ฅจ ์žฌํก์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์นผ๋ฅจ ๋ณด์กด ์ด๋‡จ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์• ๋””์Šจ๋ณ‘์€ ์•Œ๋„์Šคํ…Œ๋ก ์˜ ํ™œ๋™์ด ๊ฐ์†Œ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ด๊ณ , ์ฝ˜ ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ํ™œ๋™์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋œ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๋„์Šคํ…Œ๋ก ์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ 1953๋…„ ์‹ค๋น„์•„ ์‹ฌ์Šจ๊ณผ ์ œ์ž„์Šค ํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค ํƒ€์ดํŠธ๋กœ, ํƒ€๋ฐ์šฐ์‹œ ๋ผ์ดํžˆ์Šˆํƒ€์ธ๋„ ์ด์— ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
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Alpha-maltotriose is a maltotriose trisaccharide in which the glucose residue at the reducing end is in the pyranose ring form and has alpha configuration at the anomeric carbon atom.. It has a role as a human metabolite.
์†ก๋ผ์‚ฐ(ๆพ่˜ฟ้…ธ) ๋˜๋Š” ์šฐ์Šจ์‚ฐ(์˜์–ด: usnic acid)์€ ์†ก๋ผ์†, ๊ฝƒ์ด๋ผ์†, ์•„์‹œ์•„๋…ธ๋ž€์†๋งคํ™”๋‚˜๋ฌด์ง€์˜์†, ์ฃผํ™ฉ์ ‘์‹œ์ง€์˜์†, ํƒฑ์ž๋‚˜๋ฌด์ง€์˜์†, ๋ฉ”์•„๋ฆฌ๊น€์ง€์˜์†, ๋งคํ™”๋‚˜๋ฌด์ง€์˜์†, ๊ฐ€์‹œ๋ˆ์ง€์˜์† ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ง€์˜๋ฅ˜์—์„œ ์ถ”์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ๋””๋ฒค์กฐํ‘ธ๋ž€ ์œ ๋„์ฒด๋กœ ํ™”ํ•™์‹์€ C18H16O7์ด๋‹ค. 1844๋…„ ๋…์ผ ๊ณผํ•™์ž ๋นŒํ—ฌ๋ฆ„ ํฌ๋…ธํ”„๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•ด๋ƒˆ๊ณ , 1930๋…„๋Œ€์— ํ”„๋žญํฌ ์ฟ ๋ฅด๋“œ์™€ ์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋” ๋กœ๋ฒ„ํŠธ์Šจ์ด ์ธ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ฉ์„ฑํ•ด๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์˜๋ฅ˜์—์„œ๋งŒ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํ™๋‹ค๊ท ์ด๋‚˜ ์ง€์˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์ž๋‚ญ๊ท ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทน์†Œ์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ์˜จ์—์„œ ์“ด๋ง›์ด ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ž€์ƒ‰ ๊ณ ์ฒด๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์†ก๋ผ์‚ฐ์˜ ์—ผ์€ ์†ก๋ผ์‚ฐ์—ผ(ๆพ่˜ฟ้…ธ้นฝ, ์˜์–ด: usnate)์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์†ก๋ผ์‚ฐ์€ ์ง€์˜๋ฅ˜์˜ 2์ฐจ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ๋กœ์„œ, ๊ทธ ์—ญํ• ์€ ์•„์ง ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ทœ๋ช…๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์†ก๋ผ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ์†ก๋ผ์‚ฐ์—ผ์€ ํŠน์œ ์˜ ๊ฐ„๋…์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ„๋ถ€์ „์˜ ์›์ธ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— 300โ€“1350 ๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฒฝ๊ตฌํˆฌ์—ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ํ”ผํ—˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฐ„๋…์„ฑ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
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Valeric acid is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid containing five carbon atoms. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a short-chain fatty acid and a straight-chain saturated fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a valerate.
๋ฐ”์ดํŽ˜๋‹(diphenyl, phenylbenzene, 1,1'-biphenyl, lemonene) ์€ ๋ฌด์ƒ‰์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ฑ ๊ณ ์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”์ดํŽ˜๋‹์€ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์กฑ ํƒ„ํ™”์ˆ˜์†Œ๋กœ์„œ (C6H5)2์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ํด๋ฆฌ์—ผํ™” ๋ฐ”์ดํŽ˜๋‹(PCBs)์˜ ์›๋ฃŒ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ์„œ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋„๋ฆฌ ์ด์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์œ ์ฒด ์œ ์ „์ฒด ๋ฐ ์ „์—ด ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”์ดํŽ˜๋‹์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์œ ํ™”์ œ, ๊ด‘ํ•™์ ์ธ ๊ด‘ํƒ์ œ, ์ž‘๋ฌผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ์ œํ’ˆ, ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ๋“ฑ ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ์„œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”์ดํŽ˜๋‹์€ ๋ฌผ์— ๋ถˆ์šฉ์„ฑ์ด๋ฉฐ,๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์œ ๊ธฐ ์šฉ์ œ์— ๊ฐ€์šฉ์„ฑ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํŽ˜๋‹ ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๋ชจ์–‘์˜ ๋ถ„์ž๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Diflubenzuron is a benzoylurea insecticide that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is replaced bgy a 2,6-difluorobenzoyl group. It has a role as an insect sterilant. It is a benzoylurea insecticide and a member of monochlorobenzenes. It is functionally related to a 1,3-difluorobenzene.
๋””ํ”Œ๋ฃจ๋ฒค์ฃผ๋ก  ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์ดํ”Œ๋ฃจ๋ฒค์ฃผ๋ก (Diflubenzuron)์€ ๋ฒค์กฐ์ผ์šฐ๋ ˆ์•„ ๊ณ„์—ด์˜ ์‚ด์ถฉ์ œ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ์•ฝ์ œ๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตญํฐ๋ถˆ๋‚˜๋ฐฉ, ๋ชฉํ™”๋ฐ”๊ตฌ๋ฏธ, ํƒœ๊ทน๋‚˜๋ฐฉ๋ฅ˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ฐฉ๋ฅ˜ ๋“ฑ์˜ ํ•ด์ถฉ์„ ์„ ํƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์ œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์ˆ˜๋ชฉ ๋ณ‘ํ•ด ๋ฐ ์ž‘๋ฌผ ๋ณ‘ํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ฐฐ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์“ฐ์ธ๋‹ค. ์ธ๋„์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณต์ค‘ ์œ„์ƒ ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ชจ๊ธฐ ์œ ์ถฉ(์žฅ๊ตฌ๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ) ์˜ˆ์ฐฐ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ด์œ ์ถฉ์ œ์ด๋‹ค. ๋””ํ”Œ๋ฃจ๋ฒค์ฃผ๋ก ์€ WHO ์‚ด์ถฉ์ œํ‰๊ฐ€์ œ๋„(WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme)์— ๋“ฑ๋ก๋œ ์•ฝ์ œ์ด๋‹ค.
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Dichloroacetic acid is an organochlorine compound comprising acetic acid carrying two chloro substituents at the 2-position. It occurs in nature in seaweed, Asparagopsis taxiformis. It has a role as an astringent and a marine metabolite. It is a monocarboxylic acid and an organochlorine compound. It is functionally related to an acetic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a dichloroacetate.
6-ํฌ์Šคํฌ๊ธ€๋ฃจ์ฝ˜์‚ฐ(์˜์–ด: 6-phosphogluconic acid)์€ ์˜คํƒ„๋‹น ์ธ์‚ฐ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ ๋ฐ ์—”ํŠธ๋„ˆ-๋“€๋„๋ฅดํ”„ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ(Entnerโ€“Doudoroff pathway)์˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์ƒ์„ฑ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์ƒ์ฒด ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋Š” 6-ํฌ์Šคํฌ๊ธ€๋ฃจ์ฝ”๋„ค์ดํŠธ(์˜์–ด: 6-phosphogluconate) ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. 6-ํฌ์Šคํฌ๊ธ€๋ฃจ์ฝ˜์‚ฐ์€ 6-ํฌ์Šคํฌ๊ธ€๋ฃจ์ฝ”๋…ธ๋ฝํ† ๋„ค์ด์Šค์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋ฉฐ, 6-ํฌ์Šคํฌ๊ธ€๋ฃจ์ฝ˜์‚ฐ ํƒˆ์ˆ˜์†Œํšจ์†Œ์˜ ์ž‘์šฉ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฆฌ๋ถˆ๋กœ์Šค 5-์ธ์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ 6-ํฌ์Šคํฌ๊ธ€๋ฃจ์ฝ˜์‚ฐ์€ 6-ํฌ์Šคํฌ๊ธ€๋ฃจ์ฝ˜์‚ฐ ํƒˆ์ˆ˜ํšจ์†Œ์˜ ์ž‘์šฉ์— ์˜ํ•ด 2-์ผ€ํ† -3-๋””์˜ฅ์‹œ-6-ํฌ์Šคํฌ๊ธ€๋ฃจ์ฝ˜์‚ฐ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Choline is a choline that is the parent compound of the cholines class, consisting of ethanolamine having three methyl substituents attached to the amino function. It has a role as a neurotransmitter, a nutrient, a human metabolite, a plant metabolite, a Daphnia magna metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a mouse metabolite and an allergen.
๋‘˜๋ก์„ธํ‹ด(Duloxetine)์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ผ๋ผ์ด ๋ฆด๋ฆฌ ์•ค๋“œ ์ปดํผ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ, ์‹ฌ๋ฐœํƒ€(Cymbalta) ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ƒํ’ˆ๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์žฅ์šฉ์„ฑ ํ•ญ์šฐ์šธ์ œ์ด๋‹ค.
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Cyclotetradecane is an organic compound with the chemical formula C14H28. It is known as having low strain energy.
๋ฆฌ์‹œ๋‹Œ(Ricinine)์€ ํ”ผ๋งˆ์ž์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” ๋…์„ฑ ์•Œ์นผ๋กœ์ด๋“œ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฆฌ์นœ ๋…์„ฑ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ง€ํ‘œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฆฌ์‹œ๋‹Œ์€ ์‚ด์ถฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Acenaphthene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derived from naphthalene by the addition of an ethylene bridge connecting C-1 and C-8.
์Šคํƒ€ํ‚ค์˜ค์Šค(์˜์–ด: stachyose)๋Š” 2๋ถ„์ž์˜ ฮฑ-D-๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ† ์Šค, 1๋ถ„์ž์˜ ฮฑ-D-ํฌ๋„๋‹น, 1๋ถ„์ž์˜ ฮฒ-D-๊ณผ๋‹น์ด ๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์ฝ”์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆœ์ฐจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋‹น๋ฅ˜์ด๋‹ค. ์Šคํƒ€ํ‚ค์˜ค์Šค์˜ ๊ณ„ํ†ต๋ช…์€ ฮฑ-D-๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ† ํ”ผ๋ผ๋…ธ์‹ค-(1โ†’6)-ฮฑ-D-๊ฐˆ๋ฝํ† ํ”ผ๋ผ๋…ธ์‹ค-(1โ†’6)-ฮฑ-D-๊ธ€๋ฃจ์ฝ”ํ”ผ๋ผ๋…ธ์‹ค-(1โ†’2)-ฮฒ-D-ํ”„๋Ÿญํ† ํ‘ธ๋ผ๋…ธ์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ์ด๋‹ค. ์Šคํƒ€ํ‚ค์˜ค์Šค๋Š” ๋ผํ”ผ๋…ธ์Šค์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ด€๋ จ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋‹น๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ฑ„์†Œ(์˜ˆ: ํ’‹๊ฐ•๋‚ญ์ฝฉ, ์ฝฉ, ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์ฝฉ๋“ค) ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์‹๋ฌผ๋“ค์—์„œ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ์Šคํƒ€ํ‚ค์˜ค์Šค๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํฌ๋กœ์Šค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‹จ๋ง›์ด ๋œํ•œ๋ฐ, ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํฌ๋กœ์Šค์˜ 28% ์ •๋„์˜ ๋‹จ๋ง›์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค. ์Šคํƒ€ํ‚ค์˜ค์Šค๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฒŒํฌ ๊ฐ๋ฏธ๋ฃŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋‹น๋ฅ˜์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์Šคํƒ€ํ‚ค์˜ค์Šค๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์†Œํ™”์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ , ์Šคํƒ€ํ‚ค์˜ค์Šค๋Š” 1.5 kcal/g ~ 2.4 kcal/g์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Acetylene (systematic name: ethyne) is the chemical compound with the formula C2H2 and structure Hโˆ’Cโ‰กCโˆ’H. It is a hydrocarbon and the simplest alkyne. This colorless gas is widely used as a fuel and a chemical building block. It is unstable in its pure form and thus is usually handled as a solution. Pure acetylene is odorless, but commercial grades usually have a marked odor due to impurities such as divinyl sulfide and phosphine. As an alkyne, acetylene is unsaturated because its two carbon atoms are bonded together in a triple bond. The carbonโ€“carbon triple bond places all four atoms in the same straight line, with CCH bond angles of 180ยฐ.
์Šˆ๋„์—ํŽ˜๋“œ๋ฆฐ(์˜์–ด: Pseudoephedrine, PSE)์€ ํŽ˜๋„คํ‹ธ์•„๋ฏผ๊ณผ ์•”ํŽ˜ํƒ€๋ฏผ ๊ณ„์—ด์˜ ๊ต๊ฐ์‹ ๊ฒฝํฅ๋ถ„์ œ์ด๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ฝ” ๋ง‰ํž˜ ์™„ํ™”์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์„ฑ์ œ๋กœ์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค.
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Lombricine is a serine derivative that is serine in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a (2-carbamimidamidoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl group. It has a role as an animal metabolite. It is a member of guanidines, a serine derivative and an O-phosphoamino acid.
๋กœ๋ผ์ œํŒœ(Lorazepam)์€ ๋ฒค์กฐ๋””์•„์ œํ•€ ๊ณ„์—ด์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ํ–ฅ์ •์‹ ์„ฑ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ, ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์งง๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋กœ๋ผ์ œํŒœ์€ ํ•ญ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ž‘์šฉ, ๊ธฐ์–ต์ƒ์‹ค, ์ง„์ •/์ตœ๋ฉด์ž‘์šฉ, ํ•ญ๊ฒฝ๋ จ์ž‘์šฉ, ๊ทผ์œก ์ด์™„ ๋“ฑ 5๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๋ฒค์กฐ๋””์•„์ œํ•€๊ณ„ ๊ณ ์œ ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋กœ๋ผ์ œํŒœ์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํ•ญ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ œ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋กœ๋ผ์ œํŒœ์ด ์ถœ์‹œ๋œ 1977๋…„ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ๋กœ๋ผ์ œํŒœ์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ ์ฆ์ƒ์— ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ๋˜์–ด์™”๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฒค์กฐ๋””์•„์ œํ•€๊ณ„์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋กœ๋ผ์ œํŒœ๋„ ์ž ์žฌ์ ์ธ ๋†’์€ ์ค‘๋…์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค.
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Water is an oxygen hydride consisting of an oxygen atom that is covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms It has a role as an amphiprotic solvent, a member of greenhouse gas, a human metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is an oxygen hydride, a mononuclear parent hydride and an inorganic hydroxy compound. It is a conjugate base of an oxonium. It is a conjugate acid of a hydroxide.
์—”๋“œ๋ฆฐ(endrin)์€ 1950๋…„ ๋กœ์—ด ๋”์น˜ ์‰˜๊ณผ ๋ฒจ์‹œ์ฝœ ์ผ€๋ฏธ์ปฌ ์ฝ”ํผ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์ด ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•œ ํ™”ํ•™์‹ C12H8Cl6O์˜ ์œ ๊ธฐ ์—ผ์†Œ์ด๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ด์ถฉ์ œ, ์ฅ์•ฝ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์ƒ‰ ๋ฌด์ทจ์˜ ๊ณ ์ฒด์ด์ง€๋งŒ ํŒ๋งค๋˜๋Š” ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์€ ํ™ฉ๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์ข…์ข… ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒํ‘œ๋ช… ์—”๋“œ๋ ‰์Šค(Endrex)๋กœ๋„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์€ ์ž”๋ฅ˜์„ฑ ์œ ๊ธฐ ์˜ค์—ผ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๊ธˆ์ง€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Salicin is an alcoholic ฮฒ-glucoside. Salicin is produced in (and named after) willow (Salix) bark. It is a biosynthetic precursor to salicylaldehyde. Salicin hydrolyses into ฮฒ-d-glucose and salicyl alcohol (saligenin). Salicyl alcohol can be oxidized into salicylaldehyde and salicylate, both biologically and industrially.
ํŽ˜๋†€ํ”„ํƒˆ๋ ˆ์ธ(Phenolphthalein)์€ ํŽ˜๋†€๊ณ„ ๋ฌด์ƒ‰ ํˆฌ๋ช…ํ•œ ์šฉ์•ก์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ์šฉ์•ก์€ ์‚ฐ์—ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์‹œ์•ฝ์œผ๋กœ, ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋จธ์Šค ์‹œํ—˜์ง€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ”ํžˆ ์“ฐ์ธ๋‹ค. ์ด ์šฉ์•ก์€ ์‚ฐ์—ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์‹œ์•ฝ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ pH๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ >14O4์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ณดํ†ต์€ ๋ฐ˜์‘์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์•Œ์งœ์ด์˜จ๋งŒ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด Hln ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ‘œ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค. pH0~8.3์€ ๋ฌด์ƒ‰์„ ๋ ๋ฉฐ 8.3~10.0 ๋ถ„ํ™๋น›์„, ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์ƒ‰์„ ๋ค๋‹ค.
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Tetramethylammonium is the simplest quaternary ammonium cation, comprising a central nitrogen linked to four methyl groups.
์œ ๋ฆฌ๋”˜(์˜์–ด: uridine)์€ ํ•ต์—ผ๊ธฐ์ธ ์œ ๋ผ์‹ค๊ณผ 5ํƒ„๋‹น์ธ ๋ฆฌ๋ณด์Šค๊ฐ€ ฮฒ-N1-๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์ฝ”์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๋‰ดํด๋ ˆ์˜ค์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ์˜ ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์ด๋‹ค. ์œ ๋ฆฌ๋”˜์€ ํ•ต์‚ฐ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” 5๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ‘œ์ค€ ๋‰ดํด๋ ˆ์˜ค์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€๋“ค์€ ์•„๋ฐ๋…ธ์‹ , ํ‹ฐ๋ฏธ๋”˜, ์‚ฌ์ดํ‹ฐ๋”˜, ๊ตฌ์•„๋…ธ์‹ ์ด๋‹ค. 5๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‰ดํด๋ ˆ์˜ค์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ U(์œ ๋ฆฌ๋”˜), A(์•„๋ฐ๋…ธ์‹ ), T(ํ‹ฐ๋ฏธ๋”˜), C(์‚ฌ์ดํ‹ฐ๋”˜), G(๊ตฌ์•„๋…ธ์‹ )์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์•ฝ์นญ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ‹ฐ๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ์œ ๋ฆฌ๋”˜์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๋ณด์Šค์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ 2' ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ถ€์œ„์˜ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ๊ธฐ(-OH)๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์†Œ(-H)๋กœ ์น˜ํ™˜๋œ 2'-๋””์˜ฅ์‹œ๋ฆฌ๋ณด์Šค๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— "T"๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” "dT"(๋””์˜ฅ์‹œํ‹ฐ๋ฏธ๋”˜)๋กœ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์“ฐ์—ฌ์ง„๋‹ค. ๋””์˜ฅ์‹œํ‹ฐ๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ๋ฆฌ๋ณดํ•ต์‚ฐ(RNA)์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋””์˜ฅ์‹œ๋ฆฌ๋ณดํ•ต์‚ฐ(DNA)์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ, ์œ ๋ฆฌ๋”˜์€ DNA๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ RNA์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‰ดํด๋ ˆ์˜ค์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ๋Š”DNA์™€ RNA ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. RNA์—์„œ๋Š” A(์•„๋ฐ๋…ธ์‹ ), C(์‚ฌ์ดํ‹ฐ๋”˜), G(๊ตฌ์•„๋…ธ์‹ )์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€๋งŒ, DNA์—์„œ๋Š” dA(๋””์˜ฅ์‹œ์•„๋ฐ๋…ธ์‹ ), dC(๋””์˜ฅ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ดํ‹ฐ๋”˜), dG(๋””์˜ฅ์‹œ๊ตฌ์•„๋…ธ์‹ )์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค.
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Ciclopirox is a synthetic antifungal agent for topical dermatologic treatment of superficial mycoses. It is most useful against tinea versicolor. It is often used clinically as ciclopirox olamine, the olamine salt of ciclopirox. In 2021, it was the 271st most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 900,000 prescriptions.
์•„์„ธ๋ถ€ํ†จ๋กค(acebutolol)์€ ๋ฒ ํƒ€1-์„ ํƒ์„ฑ ์•„๋“œ๋ ˆ๋‚ ๋ฆฐ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ฒด ๊ธธํ•ญ์ œ(ฮฒ1-selective adrenalic receptor antagonist)์ด๋‹ค. ๊ณ ํ˜ˆ์•• ๋ฐ ๋ถ€์ •๋งฅ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.
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Serine is an alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group. It has a role as a fundamental metabolite. It is an alpha-amino acid and a polar amino acid. It contains a hydroxymethyl group. It is a conjugate base of a serinium. It is a conjugate acid of a serinate. It is a tautomer of a serine zwitterion.
ํ”ผ๋กœ๊ฐˆ๋กค(Pyrogallol)์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹ C6H6O3์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์‚ฐ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ์ƒ‰์„ ๋ ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ์ˆ˜์šฉ์„ฑ ํฐ์ƒ‰ ๊ณ ์ฒด์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฒค์  ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์˜ฌ์˜ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์„ฑ์งˆ์ฒด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋‹ค.
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Isocitric acid is a natural product found in Populus tremula, Vaccinium macrocarpon, and other organisms with data available.
๋ผ๋…ธ์Šคํ…Œ๋กค(์˜์–ด: lanosterol)์€ 4๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ํŠธ๋ผ์ดํ…Œ๋ฅดํŽ˜๋…ธ์ด๋“œ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ชจ๋“  ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ฐ ๊ท ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์Šคํ…Œ๋กœ์ด๋“œ๋“ค์€ ๋ผ๋…ธ์Šคํ…Œ๋กค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ์‹๋ฌผ์˜ ์Šคํ…Œ๋กœ์ด๋“œ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ์ดํด๋กœ์•„๋ฅดํ…Œ๋†€์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ์•ฝ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ผ๋…ธ์Šคํ…Œ๋กค์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค ์ค‘์—๋Š” ์บ‰์ฐฝ(Kang Zhang)๊ณผ ๋ง์ฐจ์˜ค(Ling Zhao) ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Promethazine is a tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety. It has a role as a H1-receptor antagonist, a sedative, an antiemetic, a local anaesthetic, an antipruritic drug, an anti-allergic agent and an anticoronaviral agent. It is a member of phenothiazines and a tertiary amine. It is a conjugate base of a promethazine(1+).
์ดํ„ฐ๋ธ€(โ†์˜์–ด: ytterbium ์ดํ„ฐ๋น„์—„[*]) ๋˜๋Š” ์ดํ…Œ๋ฅด๋ธ€(๋ฌธํ™”์–ด: ์ดํ…Œ๋ฅด๋น„์›€โ†๋…์ผ์–ด: Ytterbium ์œ„ํ…Œ๋ฅด๋น„์›€[*])์€ ํ™”ํ•™ ์›์†Œ๋กœ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๋Š” Yb(โ†๋ผํ‹ด์–ด: Ytterbium ์ดํ…Œ๋ฅด๋น„์›€[*]), ์›์ž ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋Š” 70์ด๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์œจํ‘œ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ž€ํƒ€๋„˜์กฑ ์›์†Œ ์ค‘ 14๋ฒˆ์งธ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋์—์„œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ดํ„ฐ๋ธ€์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ž€ํƒ€๋„˜์กฑ ์›์†Œ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋น„๊ต์  ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ +2์˜ ์‚ฐํ™”์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ž€ํƒ€๋„˜์กฑ ์›์†Œ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ(ํ• ๋กœ์  ํ™”๋ฌผ, ์‚ฐํ™”๋ฌผ ๋“ฑ) ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ์‚ฐํ™”์ˆ˜๋Š” +3์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค. ์ดํ„ฐ๋ธ€์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์„ฑ์ธ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์›์ž๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ํฐ ๋ž€ํƒ€๋„˜์กฑ ์›์†Œ๋“ค์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์„ฑ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์•ก ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋Š” 9๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌผ ๋ถ„์ž์™€ ๋ฐฐ์œ„ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ(coordination complex)๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฝ‰ ์ฐฌ ์ „์ž ๋ฐฐ์น˜์— ์˜ํ•ด, ์ดํ„ฐ๋ธ€์˜ ๋…น๋Š”์ ๊ณผ ๋“๋Š”์ ์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋ž€ํƒ€๋„˜์กฑ ์›์†Œ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋ณด์ผ ๋งŒํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ์ดํ„ฐ๋ธ€์€ ๋งŽ์€ ํฌํ† ๋ฅ˜ ์›์†Œ์˜ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ธ ์ดํŠธ๋ฆฌ์•„(Yttria)์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ 9๊ฐ€์ง€ ์›์†Œ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋‹ค. ์ดํŠธ๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ ์Šค์นธ๋“๊ณผ ์–ด๋ธ€์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ์—๋ฅด๋น„์•„(Erbia)๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ์—๋ฅด๋น„์•„๋Š” ์ดํ„ฐ๋ธ€๊ณผ ๋ฃจํ…ŒํŠฌ(Lu)์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ์ดํ…Œ๋ฅด๋น„์•„(Ytterbia), ํˆด๋ฅจ(Tm)์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ํˆด๋ฆฌ์•„(Thulia), ๋””์Šคํ”„๋กœ์Š˜๊ณผ ํ™€๋ฎด์ด ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ๋˜ ํ™€๋ฏธ์•„(Holmia)๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดํ„ฐ๋ธ€๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋œ ๋ฃจํ…ŒํŠฌ์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ๋ฃจํ…Œ์Š˜(Lutecium)์œผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ํ›„์— ๋ฃจํ…ŒํŠฌ(Lutetium)์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์ดํ„ฐ๋ธ€์€ ์Šคํ…Œ์ธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์Šคํ‹ธ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถˆ์ˆœ๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ ˆ์ด์ €, ํ”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ๋งˆ์„ ์›์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ 7๊ฐœ์˜ ์•ˆ์ • ๋™์œ„์›์†Œ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ค‘๊ตญ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ, ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ, ์ธ๋„ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ๊ด‘๋ฌผ์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ถ”์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ดํ„ฐ๋ธ€์€ ๋ˆˆ๊ณผ ํ”ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์†Œ ์ž๊ทนํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐ€๋ฃจ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ผ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์—ฐ์„ฑ์ด๊ณ  ํญ๋ฐœ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Norepinephrine is a natural product found in Solanum tuberosum, Glycine max, and other organisms with data available.
์‚ผ์—ผํ™” ์ธ(Phosphorus trichloride)์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹ PCl3์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๋ฌด๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฌด์ƒ‰์˜ ์•ก์ฒด์ด๋ฉฐ ์•„์ธ์‚ฐ ์—์Šคํ„ฐ์™€ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์œ ๊ธฐ ์ธ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ์ œ์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฐ์—…ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ๋…์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ผํ™” ์ˆ˜์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ธ๋‹ค.
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Cyclopropene is a cycloalkene that consists of cyclopropane having a double bond in the ring. The parent of the class of cyclopropenes. It is a cycloalkene and a member of cyclopropenes.
์„ธ๋ ˆ์ฝ•์‹œ๋ธŒ(Celecoxib)๋Š” COX-2 ์„ ํƒ์  ๋น„์Šคํ…Œ๋กœ์ด๋“œ ํ•ญ์—ผ์ฆ์ œ(NSAID)์ด๋‹ค. ์ƒํ’ˆ๋ช… ์Ž„๋ ˆ๋ธŒ๋ ‰์Šค(Celebrex)๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์„ธ๋ ˆ์ฝ•์‹œ๋ธŒ๋Š” ๊ณจ๊ด€์ ˆ์—ผ, ๋ฅ˜๋งˆํ‹ฐ์Šค ๊ด€์ ˆ์—ผ, ๊ฐ•์ง์„ฑ ์ฒ™์ฃผ์—ผ, ์„ฑ์ธ์˜ ๊ธ‰์„ฑ ํ†ต์ฆ, ์›”๊ฒฝํ†ต, 2์„ธ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์†Œ์•„๊ธฐํŠน๋ฐœ์„ฑ๊ด€์ ˆ์—ผ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ ๋ฐ ์—ผ์ฆ ์กฐ์ ˆ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ ์‹ํ’ˆ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์•ˆ์ „์ฒ˜์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณจ๊ด€์ ˆ์—ผ(ํ‡ดํ–‰๊ด€์ ˆ์—ผ)์˜ ์ฆ์ƒ์ด๋‚˜ ์ง•ํ›„์˜ ์™„ํ™”, ๋ฅ˜๋งˆํ‹ฐ์Šค๊ด€์ ˆ์—ผ์˜ ์ฆ์ƒ์ด๋‚˜ ์ง•ํ›„์˜ ์™„ํ™”, ๊ฐ•์ง์ฒ™์ถ”์—ผ์˜ ์ฆ์ƒ ๋ฐ ์ง•ํ›„์˜ ์™„ํ™”,์„ฑ์ธ์˜ ๊ธ‰์„ฑ ํ†ต์ฆ ์™„ํ™”(์ˆ˜์ˆ ํ›„, ๋ฐœ์น˜ํ›„ ์ง„ํ†ต), ์›๋ฐœ์›”๊ฒฝํ†ต์˜ ์ฆ์ƒ ์กฐ์ ˆ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธ๋ ˆ์ฝ•์‹œ๋ธŒ ํˆฌ์•ฝ ์ดํ›„ ์ฃผ๋œ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์‹ฌํ˜ˆ๊ด€๊ณ„์งˆํ™˜, ์ƒ๋ถ€ ์œ„์žฅ๊ด€ ์ถœํ˜ˆ ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. 2013๋…„ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋œ ์„ธ๋ ˆ์ฝ•์‹œ๋ธŒ์™€ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋น„์Šคํ…Œ๋กœ์ด๋“œ ํ•ญ์—ผ์ฆ์ œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฉ”ํƒ€๋ถ„์„ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์„ธ๋ ˆ์ฝ•์‹œ๋ธŒ์˜ ์‹ฌํ˜ˆ๊ด€๊ณ„์งˆํ™˜ ์œ ๋ฐœ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋น„๋Š” ๋‚˜ํ”„๋ก์„ผ์˜ 1.49๋ฐฐ, ๋””ํด๋กœํŽ˜๋‚™์˜ 0.97๋ฐฐ, ์ด๋ถ€ํ”„๋กœํŽœ์˜ 0.92๋ฐฐ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๋ถ€์œ„์žฅ๊ด€์ถœํ˜ˆ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋น„๋Š” ๋‚˜ํ”„๋ก์„ผ์˜ 0.37๋ฐฐ, ๋””ํด๋กœํŽ˜๋‚™์˜ 0.94๋ฐฐ, ์ด๋ถ€ํ”„๋กœํŽœ์˜ 0.40๋ฐฐ๋กœ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
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Vanillylmandelic acid is an aromatic ether that is the 3-O-methyl ether of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid. It has a role as a human metabolite. It is an aromatic ether, a 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid and a member of phenols. It is functionally related to a mandelic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a vanillylmandelate.
๋กœํ”ผ๋‚˜๋น„๋ฅด(Lopinavir)๋Š” ํ•ญ๋ ˆํŠธ๋กœ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์•ฝ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ๋ถ„ํ•ดํšจ์†Œ ์–ต์ œ์ œ์— ์†ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ๋ถ„ํ•ดํšจ์†Œ ์–ต์ œ์ œ์ธ ๋ฆฌํ† ๋‚˜๋น„๋ฅด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋กœํ”ผ๋‚˜๋น„๋ฅด/๋ฆฌํ† ๋‚˜๋น„๋ฅด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์˜ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ œ๋กœ ๋‘ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์„ ์ •ํ•ด์ง„ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ HIV/AIDS ๊ฐ์—ผ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. 1995๋…„ ํŠนํ—ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ 2000๋…„์— ์˜ํ•™์  ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์Šน์ธ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค.
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Dichloroacetic acid is an organochlorine compound comprising acetic acid carrying two chloro substituents at the 2-position. It occurs in nature in seaweed, Asparagopsis taxiformis. It has a role as an astringent and a marine metabolite. It is a monocarboxylic acid and an organochlorine compound. It is functionally related to an acetic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a dichloroacetate.
์—ํ‹ธ์•„๋ฏผ(์˜์–ด: ethylamine)์€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹์ด CH3CH2NH2์ธ ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ํ…Œ์ธ์•„๋ฏผ(์˜์–ด: ethanamine)์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ํ‹ธ์•„๋ฏผ์€ ๋ฌด์ƒ‰์˜ ๊ธฐ์ฒด๋กœ ์•”๋ชจ๋‹ˆ์•„์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ๋‹ค. ์—ํ‹ธ์•„๋ฏผ์€ ์‹ค์˜จ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์šฉ๋งค์™€ ์„ž์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•ก์ฒด๋กœ ์‘์ถ•๋œ๋‹ค. ์—ํ‹ธ์•„๋ฏผ์€ ์•„๋ฏผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์นœํ•ต์„ฑ ์—ผ๊ธฐ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ํ‹ธ์•„๋ฏผ์€ ํ™”ํ•™ ์‚ฐ์—… ๋ฐ ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์—์„œ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค.
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Isobutane, also known as i-butane, 2-methylpropane or methylpropane, is a chemical compound with molecular formula HC(CH3)3. It is an isomer of butane. Isobutane is a colorless, odorless gas. It is the simplest alkane with a tertiary carbon atom. Isobutane is used as a precursor molecule in the petrochemical industry, for example in the synthesis of isooctane.
๋ธŒ๋กœ๋งˆ์ง„(Bromazine, ํŒ๋งค๋ช… ์•”๋ธŒ๋กœ๋”œ(Ambrodyl, Ambrodil)) ๋˜๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋กœ๋””ํŽœํžˆ๋“œ๋ผ๋ฏผ(bromodiphenhydramine)์€ ํ•ญํžˆ์Šคํƒ€๋ฏผ์ œ์ด์ž ํ•ญ์ฝœ๋ผ๋ฏผ์ œ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์€ ๋””ํŽœํžˆ๋“œ๋ผ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ• ๋กœ์  ํ™” ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋””ํŽœํžˆ๋“œ๋ผ๋ฏผ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ธŒ๋กœ๋งˆ์ง„์ด ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ผํ• ๋กœ์  ํ™” ๋””ํŽœํžˆ๋“œ๋ผ๋ฏผ ์œ ๋„์ฒด๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํด๋กœ๋กœ๋””ํŽœํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ผ๋ฏผ(chlorodiphenhydramine)์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์ด๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์˜ค๋„ํŽ˜๋‹ˆํžˆ๋“œ๋ผ๋ฏผ(iododiphenhydramine)์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํŒ๋งคํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Nitromethane is a primary nitroalkane that is methane in which one of the hydrogens is replace by a nitro group. A polar solvent (b.p. 101 ###), it is an important starting material in organic synthesis. It is also used as a fuel for rockets and radio-controlled models. It has a role as an EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor, a polar aprotic solvent, an explosive and a NMR chemical shift reference compound. It is a primary nitroalkane and a volatile organic compound.
ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์‹œํŠธ๋ฆญ์‚ฐ(Hydroxycitric acid, HCA)์€ ์‹œํŠธ๋ฅด์‚ฐ์—์„œ ์œ ๋ž˜๋œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์‹œ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์บ„๋ณด์ง€์•„๋‚˜ ๋ฌด๊ถํ™”์†๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹๋ฌผ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋„ค ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ด์„ฑ์งˆ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ (+)-(-)-ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์‹œํŠธ๋ฆญ ์‚ฐ,(+)-(-)-allo-ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์‹œํŠธ๋ฆญ์‚ฐ์ด๋‹ค. (-)-ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์‹œํŠธ๋ฆญ์‚ฐ ์ด์„ฑ์งˆ์ฒด๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์‹œ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์—ด๋งค์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ๋‹ค.
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Quinoline is the simplest member of the quinoline class of compounds, comprising a benzene ring ortho fused to C-2 and C-3 of a pyridine ring. It is a mancude organic heterobicyclic parent, a member of quinolines, an azaarene and an ortho-fused heteroarene.
๋ผํ† ์Šคํ…Œ๋กค(์˜์–ด: lathosterol)์€ ์ฝœ๋ ˆ์Šคํ…Œ๋กค๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๋ถ„์ž๋กœ ๋ผํ† ์Šคํ…Œ๋กค ์‚ฐํ™”ํšจ์†Œ์˜ ๊ธฐ์งˆ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ผํ† ์Šคํ…Œ๋กค์ถ•์ ์ฆ์€ ๋ผํ† ์Šคํ…Œ๋กค์ด ์ถ•์ ๋˜๋Š” ์งˆํ™˜์ด๋‹ค.
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Methamphetamine is a member of the class of amphetamines in which the amino group of (S)-amphetamine carries a methyl substituent. It has a role as a neurotoxin, a psychotropic drug, a central nervous system stimulant, a xenobiotic and an environmental contaminant. It is a member of amphetamines and a secondary amine. It is functionally related to a (S)-amphetamine. It is a conjugate base of a methamphetamine(1+).
ํŠธ๋ผ์ดํ†ค X-100(ํŠธ๋ฆฌํ†ค X-100, Triton X-100, C14H22O(C2H4O)n)์€ ์นœ์ˆ˜์„ฑ ํด๋ฆฌ์—ํ‹ธ๋ Œ ์˜ฅ์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ์‚ฌ์Šฌ (ํ‰๊ท  9.5 ์—ํ‹ธ๋ Œ ์˜ฅ์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ๋‹จ์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง)๊ณผ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์กฑ ํƒ„ํ™”์ˆ˜์†Œ ์นœ์œ ์„ฑ ๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ์ˆ˜์„ฑ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๋น„์ด์˜จ์„ฑ ๊ณ„๋ฉด ํ™œ์„ฑ์ œ์ด๋‹ค. ํƒ„ํ™”์ˆ˜์†Œ๊ธฐ๋Š” 4- ( 1,1,3,3-tetrametylbutyl)- phenyl์ด๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋ผ์ดํ†ค X-100(Triton X-100)์€ IGEPAL CA-630 ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์ „์˜ Nonidet P-40 ๊ณผ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋” ์งง์€ ์—ํ‹ธ๋ Œ ์˜ฅ์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ์‚ฌ์Šฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŠธ๋ผ์ดํ†ค X-100 (Triton X-100)์€ Igepal CA-630๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋” ์นœ์ˆ˜์„ฑ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์„ธ์ œ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์šฉ๋„์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜ธํ™˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋ผ์ดํ†ค X-100 (Triton X-100)์€ ์›๋ž˜ ๋กฌ์•คํ•˜์Šค (Rohm & Haas Co.)์˜ ๋“ฑ๋ก ์ƒํ‘œ์˜€๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ ์œ ๋‹ˆ์˜จ ์นด๋ฐ”์ด๋“œ(Union Carbide)๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ž… ํ•œ ํ›„ ๋‹ค์šฐ ํ™”ํ•™ (Dow Chemical Company)์— ์ธ์ˆ˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณง (2009๋…„) ๋‹ค์šฐ(Dow)๋Š” ๋กฌ์•คํ•˜์Šค(Rohm & Haas Co)๋„ ์ธ์ˆ˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์ƒํ‘œ๋กœ๋Š” Conco NI, Dowfax 9N, Igepal CO, Makon, Neutronyx 600, Nonipol NO, Plytergent B, Renex 600 's, Solar NO, Sterox, Serfonic N, T-DET-N, Tergitol NP, Triton N ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋ผ์ดํ†ค X ์„ธ์ œ๋Š” BASF๊ฐ€ ํŒ๋งคํ•˜๋Š” ํ”Œ๋ฃจ๋กœ๋‹‰(Pluronic) ๊ณ„์—ด์˜ ์„ธ์ œ์™€ ๋จผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ”Œ๋ฃจ๋กœ ๋‹‰์€ ์—ํ‹ธ๋ Œ ์˜ฅ์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ์™€ ํ”„๋กœํ•„๋ Œ ์˜ฅ์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ์˜ ์‚ผ-๋ธ”๋ก (triblock) ๊ณต์ค‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด (copolymer)์ด๋ฉฐ, ์—ํ‹ธ๋ Œ ์˜ฅ์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ์„ธ๊ทธ๋จผํŠธ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœํ•„๋ Œ ์˜ฅ์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์นœ์ˆ˜์„ฑ์ด๋‹ค.
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Dopamine is catechol in which the hydrogen at position 4 is substituted by a 2-aminoethyl group. It has a role as a cardiotonic drug, a beta-adrenergic agonist, a dopaminergic agent, a sympathomimetic agent, a human metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a conjugate base of a dopaminium(1+).
ํŒŒํˆด๋ฆฐ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ณฐํŒก์ด์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ง„๊ท ๋…์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ, ์ฃผ๋กœ Aspergillus์†๊ณผ Penicillium์†์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŒŒํˆด๋ฆฐ์€ ์ฉ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ณผ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ƒํ’ˆ ์‚ฌ๊ณผ์—์„œ ํŒŒํˆด๋ฆฐ์˜ ์–‘์„ ์‚ฌ๊ณผ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ํŒŒํˆด๋ฆฐ์€ ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋…์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™๋ฌผ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ฐํ˜€๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์„ธํฌ๋…์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ํŒŒํˆด๋ฆฐ์ด ๋ฐœ์•” ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ํŒŒํˆด๋ฆฐ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ณผ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์—์„œ ํŒŒํˆด๋ฆฐ ์–‘์— ์ œํ•œ์„ ๋‘์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ณด๊ฑด ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ณผ ์ฃผ์Šค์— ํŒŒํˆด๋ฆฐ์ด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ ๋‹น 50ยตg์„ ๋„˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ๊ถŒ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์—ฐํ•ฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ณผ ์ฃผ์Šค์™€ ์‚ฌ์ด๋‹ค์— ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋‹น 50ยตg์œผ๋กœ ์ œํ•œํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋‹น 25ยตg์œผ๋กœ, ์œ ์•„์™€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋‹น 10ยตg์œผ๋กœ ์ œํ•œํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” 2003๋…„ 11์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œํ–‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
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Iron atom is an iron group element atom that has atomic number 26. It has a role as a micronutrient and an Escherichia coli metabolite.
์•…ํ‹ฐ๋…ธ๋กœ๋”˜(์˜์–ด: actinorhodin)์€ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ™ํ† ๋ฏธ์„ธ์Šค ์•Œ๋น„๋„ํ”Œ๋ผ๋ถ€์Šค(Streptomyces albidoflavus)์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฒค์กฐ์•„์ด์†Œํฌ๋กœ๋งˆ๋„คํ€ด๋…ผ ์ด๋Ÿ‰์ฒด ํด๋ฆฌ์ผ€ํƒ€์ด๋“œ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ์ด๋‹ค. ์•…ํ‹ฐ๋…ธ๋กœ๋”˜์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ „์ž ํด๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ„ฐ์—๋Š” ์ƒํ•ฉ์„ฑ ํšจ์†Œ์™€ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ ์œ ์ถœ์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ pH์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ƒ‰ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด pH ์ง€์‹œ์•ฝ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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Butyraldehyde is a natural product found in Gossypium hirsutum, Ligusticum striatum, and other organisms with data available.
์•„๋น„์—ํŠธ์‚ฐ(์˜์–ด: abietic acid)์€ ์†Œ๋‚˜๋ฌด ๋“ฑ ๋‚˜๋ฌด์—์„œ ํ”ํžˆ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ง€์‚ฐ์˜ ์ฃผ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํžˆ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฐ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์†ก์ง„์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์—์Šคํ„ฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์—ผ์€ ์•„๋น„์—ํŠธ์‚ฐ์—ผ(์˜์–ด: abietate)์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค.
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Triamterene is pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema. It has a role as a diuretic and a sodium channel blocker.
๋กœ๋ผ์ œํŒœ(Lorazepam)์€ ๋ฒค์กฐ๋””์•„์ œํ•€ ๊ณ„์—ด์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ํ–ฅ์ •์‹ ์„ฑ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ, ์ง€์†์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์งง๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋กœ๋ผ์ œํŒœ์€ ํ•ญ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ž‘์šฉ, ๊ธฐ์–ต์ƒ์‹ค, ์ง„์ •/์ตœ๋ฉด์ž‘์šฉ, ํ•ญ๊ฒฝ๋ จ์ž‘์šฉ, ๊ทผ์œก ์ด์™„ ๋“ฑ 5๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๋ฒค์กฐ๋””์•„์ œํ•€๊ณ„ ๊ณ ์œ ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋กœ๋ผ์ œํŒœ์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํ•ญ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ œ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋กœ๋ผ์ œํŒœ์ด ์ถœ์‹œ๋œ 1977๋…„ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ๋กœ๋ผ์ œํŒœ์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ ์ฆ์ƒ์— ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ๋˜์–ด์™”๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฒค์กฐ๋””์•„์ œํ•€๊ณ„์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋กœ๋ผ์ œํŒœ๋„ ์ž ์žฌ์ ์ธ ๋†’์€ ์ค‘๋…์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค.
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Linezolid is an organofluorine compound that consists of 1,3-oxazolidin-2-one bearing an N-3-fluoro-4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl group as well as an acetamidomethyl group at position 5. A synthetic antibacterial agent that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to a site on 23S ribosomal RNA of the 50S subunit and prevents further formation of a functional 70S initiation complex. It has a role as an antibacterial drug and a protein synthesis inhibitor. It is an oxazolidinone, a member of morpholines, an organofluorine compound and a member of acetamides.
ํ“จ๋ฆฐ(์˜์–ด: purine)์€ ํ”ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ๋”˜ ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ด๋ฏธ๋‹ค์กธ ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์œตํ•ฉ๋œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํŠน์ง•์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์ž์‹์ด C5H4N4์ธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์กฑ ํ—คํ…Œ๋กœ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ํ“จ๋ฆฐ์€ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์„ฑ์ด๋‹ค. ํ“จ๋ฆฐ์ด๋ž€ ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์น˜ํ™˜๋œ ํ“จ๋ฆฐ ๋ฐ ํ“จ๋ฆฐ์˜ ํ˜ธ๋ณ€์ด์„ฑ์งˆ์ฒด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋„“์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ“จ๋ฆฐ์€ ์ž์—ฐ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ์งˆ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ•จ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ—คํ…Œ๋กœ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ํ“จ๋ฆฐ์€ ์œก๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ ์œก๋ฅ˜ ์ œํ’ˆ ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐ„, ์ฝฉํŒฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ณ ๋†๋„๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹๋ฌผ์„ฑ ์‹๋‹จ์—๋Š” ํ“จ๋ฆฐ์˜ ํ•จ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค. ํ“จ๋ฆฐ์˜ ํ•จ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์›์˜ ์˜ˆ๋กœ๋Š” ์Šค์œ„ํŠธ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ๋“œ, ๋ฉธ์น˜, ์ •์–ด๋ฆฌ, ๊ฐ„, ์†Œ์˜ ์ฝฉํŒฅ, ๋‡Œ, ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ์ถ”์ถœ๋ฌผ(์˜ˆ: ์˜ฅ์†Œ, ๋ณด๋ธŒ๋ฆด), ์ฒญ์–ด, ๊ณ ๋“ฑ์–ด, ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ๋น„, ๋งฅ์ฃผ(ํšจ๋ชจ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์œ ๋ž˜), ๊ทธ๋ ˆ์ด๋น„ ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ‰์€ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ, ์‡ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ, ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ ๊ธฐ, ๊ฐ€๊ธˆ๋ฅ˜, ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ, ํ•ด์‚ฐ๋ฌผ, ์•„์ŠคํŒŒ๋ผ๊ฑฐ์Šค, ์ฝœ๋ฆฌํ”Œ๋ผ์›Œ, ์‹œ๊ธˆ์น˜, ์‹์šฉ ๋ฒ„์„ฏ, ์™„๋‘, ๋ Œ์ฆˆ์ฝฉ, ์ฝฉ, ์˜คํŠธ๋ฐ€, ์†๊ฒจ, ๋ฐ€๋ฐฐ์•„ ๋“ฑ์—๋„ ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ํ“จ๋ฆฐ์ด ํ•จ์œ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ต์—ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ“จ๋ฆฐ ๊ณ„์—ด ์—ผ๊ธฐ์™€ ํ”ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ๋”˜ ๊ณ„์—ด์˜ ์—ผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. DNA์˜ ๋นŒ๋”ฉ ๋ธ”๋ก์ธ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋””์˜ฅ์‹œ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‰ดํด๋ ˆ์˜คํƒ€์ด๋“œ๋“ค ์ค‘ 2๊ฐ€์ง€(๋””์˜ฅ์‹œ์•„๋ฐ๋…ธ์‹  ์ผ์ธ์‚ฐ, ๋””์˜ฅ์‹œ๊ตฌ์•„๋…ธ์‹  ์ผ์ธ์‚ฐ) ๋ฐ RNA์˜ ๋นŒ๋”ฉ ๋ธ”๋ก์ธ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‰ดํด๋ ˆ์˜คํƒ€์ด๋“œ๋“ค ์ค‘ 2๊ฐ€์ง€(์•„๋ฐ๋…ธ์‹  ์ผ์ธ์‚ฐ, ๊ตฌ์•„๋…ธ์‹  ์ผ์ธ์‚ฐ)๋Š” ํ“จ๋ฆฐ ๋‰ดํด๋ ˆ์˜คํƒ€์ด๋“œ์ด๋‹ค. DNA์™€ RNA๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ ํ“จ๋ฆฐ ๋ฐ ํ”ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ๋”˜ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋Œ€๋žต ๋™์ผํ•œ ์–‘์œผ๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ํ“จ๋ฆฐ๊ณผ ํ”ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ๋”˜์€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์ž๊ฐ€์–ต์ œ ๋ฐ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋œ๋‹ค. ํ“จ๋ฆฐ์ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋ฉด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํ“จ๋ฆฐ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํšจ์†Œ๋“ค์„ ์ €ํ•ดํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ž๊ฐ€์–ต์ œ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ํ”ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ๋”˜์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํšจ์†Œ๋“ค์„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค. ํ”ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ๋”˜๋„ ๋™์‹œ์— ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž๊ฐ€์–ต์ œํ•˜๊ณ  ํ“จ๋ฆฐ ์ƒ์„ฑ์„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์„ธํฌ ๋‚ด์— ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ์–‘์˜ ํ“จ๋ฆฐ๊ณผ ํ”ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ๋”˜์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค.
0
Spermine is a polyazaalkane that is tetradecane in which the carbons at positions 1, 5, 10 and 14 are replaced by nitrogens. Spermine has broad actions on cellular metabolism. It has a role as an antioxidant, an immunosuppressive agent and a fundamental metabolite. It is a polyazaalkane and a tetramine. It is a conjugate base of a spermine(4+).
๋ฉ”ํƒ€๋ˆ(methadone)์€ ์ง„ํ†ต์ œ๋กœ์„œ ์˜ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ , ๋˜ ์•„ํŽธ ์ค‘๋… ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ด ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ์ค‘๋…์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๋„๋ก ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ์˜คํ”ผ์˜ค์ด๋“œ์ด๋‹ค. 1937๋…„ ๋…์ผ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™”ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ฅดํ•€์ด๋‚˜ ํ—ค๋กœ์ธ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฉ”ํƒ€๋ˆ์€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์•„ํŽธ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ฒด์—์„œ ์•ฝํšจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ํšจ๋ ฅ์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ๋‹ค. ๋˜, ๋ฉ”ํƒ€๋ˆ์€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋งŒ์„ฑ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—๋Š” 1947๋…„ ์—˜๋ฆฌ ๋ฆด๋ฆฌ ์•ค๋“œ ์ปดํผ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ”ํƒ€๋ˆ์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋“ค์—ฌ์™”๋‹ค.
0
Loratadine, sold under the brand name Claritin among others, is a medication used to treat allergies. This includes allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and hives. It is also available in drug combinations such as loratadine/pseudoephedrine, in which it is combined with pseudoephedrine, a nasal decongestant. It is taken orally. Common side effects include sleepiness, dry mouth, and headache. Serious side effects are rare and include allergic reactions, seizures, and liver problems. Use during pregnancy appears to be safe but has not been well studied. It is not recommended in children less than two years old. It is in the second-generation antihistamine family of medication. Loratadine was patented in 1980 and came to market in 1988. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Loratadine is available as a generic medication. In the United States, it is available over the counter. In 2022, it was the 72nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 9 million prescriptions.
๋กœ๋ผํƒ€๋”˜(loratadine, ์ƒํ‘œ๋ช…: Claritin ๋“ฑ)์€ ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋น„์—ผ, ๋‘๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ถฉํ˜ˆ ์™„ํ™”์ œ ์Šˆ๋„์—ํŽ˜๋“œ๋ฆฐ์™€ ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋œ ๋กœ๋ผํƒ€๋”˜/์Šˆ๋„์—ํŽ˜๋“œ๋ฆฐ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•์œผ๋กœ ์„ญ์ทจ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์กธ๋ฆผ, ๊ตฌ๊ฐ• ๊ฑด์กฐ, ๋‘ํ†ต์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์€ ๋“œ๋ฌธ ํŽธ์ด๋ฉฐ ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ, ๋‡Œ์ „์ฆ ๋ฐœ์ž‘, ๊ฐ„์งˆํ™˜์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ž„์‹  ์ค‘์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ํญ๋„“๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. 2์‚ด ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ถŒ์žฅ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. H1 ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ฒด ๋Œ€ํ•ญ์ œ ๊ณ„์—ด์˜ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์— ์†ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋กœ๋ผํƒ€๋”˜์€ 1981๋…„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ 1993๋…„ ์ƒ์šฉํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๋ฃŒ์ œ๋„์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ธ WHO ํ•„์ˆ˜ ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ ๋ชฉ๋ก์— ๋“ฑ์žฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋กœ๋ผํƒ€๋”˜์€ ์ œ๋„ค๋ฆญ ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์˜ ๋„๋งค๊ฐ€๋Š” 2015๋…„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ๋„์Šค ๋‹น ๋Œ€๋žต US$0.01 ~ 0.06์— ๋‹ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋งค๋œ๋‹ค.
1
Formamide is the simplest monocarboxylic acid amide, obtained by formal condensation of formic acid with ammonia. The parent of the class of formaldehydes. It has a role as a solvent. It is a monocarboxylic acid amide, a one-carbon compound and a member of formamides. It is functionally related to a formic acid. It is a tautomer of a formimidic acid.
์‚ผ์‚ฐํ™” ์ด์งˆ์†Œ(dinitrogen trioxide)๋Š” ์งˆ์†Œ์™€ ์‚ฐ์†Œ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„, ์งˆ์†Œ ์‚ฐํ™”๋ฌผ์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ด๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์ž์‹์€ N2O3์ด๋‹ค. ์•„์งˆ์‚ฐ์˜ ๋ฌด์ˆ˜๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค.
0
Usnic acid is a naturally occurring dibenzofuran derivative found in several lichen species with the formula C18H16O7. It was first isolated by German scientist W. Knop in 1844 and first synthesized between 1933 and 1937 by Curd and Robertson. Usnic acid was identified in many genera of lichens including Usnea, Cladonia, Hypotrachyna, Lecanora, Ramalina, Evernia, Parmelia and Alectoria. Although it is generally believed that usnic acid is exclusively restricted to lichens, in a few unconfirmed isolated cases the compound was found in kombucha tea and non-lichenized ascomycetes. At normal conditions, usnic acid is a bitter, yellow, solid substance. It is known to occur in nature in both the d- and l-forms as well as a racemic mixture. Salts of usnic acid are called usnates (e.g. copper usnate).
์—ํ‹ธ๋ Œ๋‹ค์ด์•„๋ฏผ(์˜์–ด: ethylenediamine), ์—ํ‹ธ๋ Œ๋””์•„๋ฏผ ๋˜๋Š” 1,2-๋‹ค์ด์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์—ํ…Œ์ธ(์˜์–ด: 1,2-diaminoethane)์€ ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ด๋‹ค. ํ‚ฌ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ์ œ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ„๋“œ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ en์œผ๋กœ ์ถ•์•ฝ์‹œ์ผœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ™”ํ•™์‹์€ C2H4(NH2)2์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์ƒ‰ ์•ก์ฒด ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ถ„์ž๋Ÿ‰์€ 60.1, ๋ฐ€๋„๋Š” 0.899g/cm3, ๋…น๋Š”์ ์€ 8.5โ„ƒ, ๋“๋Š”์ ์€ 116.5โ„ƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•์—ผ๊ธฐ์„ฑ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์•”๋ชจ๋‹ˆ์•„ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ๋‹ค.
0
2-Phosphoglyceric acid is a natural product found in Homo sapiens, Candida albicans, and other organisms with data available.
2-ํฌ์Šคํฌ๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์„ธ๋ฅด์‚ฐ(์˜์–ด: 2-phosphoglycerate)์€ ํ•ด๋‹น๊ณผ์ •์˜ 9๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์งˆ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์„ธ๋ฅด์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ 2PG๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. 2-ํฌ์Šคํฌ๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์„ธ๋ฅด์‚ฐ์€ ์—”์˜ฌ๋ ˆ์ด์Šค์— ์˜ํ•ด ํฌ์Šคํฌ์—”์˜ฌํ”ผ๋ฃจ๋ธŒ์‚ฐ(PEP)๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜๋œ๋‹ค.
1

PubChem & Wikipedia English-Korean Paragraph Pair Classification

This dataset is a multilingual extension of the PubChem & Wikipedia Paragraphs Pair Classification dataset. It includes pairs of paragraphs in English and Korean (sent1 and sent2) with a binary labels column indicating whether the paragraphs describe the same entity (1) or different entities (0).

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