MUKHERJEA J. This is a reference made by the President of India, under article 143 (1) of the Constitution, invit ing this Court to consider and report to him its opinion on the three following questions : (1) Was section 7 of the , or any of the provisions thereof, and in what particular or particu lars or to what extent ultra vires the Legislature which passed the said Act ? (2) Was the Ajmer Merwara (Extension of Laws) Act, 1947, or any of the provisions thereof, and in what particular or particulars or to what extent ultra vires the Legislature which passed the said Act ? (3) Is section 2 of the Part C States (Laws) Act, 1950, or any of the provisions thereof, and in what 960 particular or particulars or to what extent ultra vires the Parliament ? The necessity of seeking the advisory opinion of this Court is stated to have arisen from the fact that because of the decision of the Federal Court in Jatindra Nath Gupta vs The Province of Bihar(1), which held the proviso to sub section (3) of section 1 of the Bihar Maintenance of Public Order Act, 1947, ultra vires the Bihar Provincial Legisla ture, by reason of its amounting to a delegation of its legislative powers to an extraneous authority, doubts have arisen regarding the validity of the three legislative provisions mentioned above, the legality of the first and the second being actually called in question in certain judicial proceedings which are pending before some of the High Courts in India.