The circumstances which led to this Special Reference by the President and the questions referred appear from the full text of the reference dated 7th January, 1951, which is reproduced below : "WHEREAS in the year 1912 the Governor General of India in Council acting in his legislative capacity enacted the , section 7 of which conferred power on the Central Government by notification to extend to the Province of Delhi (that is to say, the present State of Delhi) or any part thereof, with such restrictions and modifications as it thought fit, any enactment which wag in force in any part of British India at the date of such notification; "AND WHEREAS in 1947 the Dominion Legislature enacted the Ajmer Merwara (Extension of Laws) Act, 1947, section 2 of which conferred power on the Central Government by notifica tion to extend to the Province of Ajmer Merwara (that is to say, the present State of Ajmer), with such restrictions and modifications as it thought fit, any enactment which was in force in any other Province at the date of such notifica tion; 753 "AND WHEREAS, by virtue of the powers conferred by the said sections of the said Acts, notifications were issued by the Central Government from time to time extending a number of Acts in force in the Governors ' Provinces to the Province of Delhi and the Province of Ajmer Merwara, sometimes with, and sometimes without, restrictions and modifications, and the Acts so extended and the orders,rules, by laws and other instruments issued under such Acts were and are re garded as valid law in force in the Province (now State) of Delhi and in the Province of Ajmer Merwara (now State of Ajmer), as the case may be, and rights and privileges have been created, obligations and liabilities have been in curred and penalties, forfeitures and punishments have been incurred or imposed under such Acts and instruments; "AND WHEREAS Parliament with the object inter alia of making a uniform provision for extension of laws with regard to all Part C States except Coorg and the Andaman and Nico bar Islands enacted the Part C States (Laws) Act, 1950, section 2, of which confers power on the Central Government by notification to extend to any Part C State (other than Coorg and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands) or to any part of such State, with such restrictions and modifications as it thinks fit, any enactment which is in force in a Part A State at the date of the notification and also confers the power on the Central Government to make provision in any enactment so extended for the repeal or amendment of any corresponding law (other than a Central Act) which is for the time being applicable to that Part C State; "AND WHEREAS section 4 of the Part C States (Laws) Act, 1950 has repealed section 7 of the , and the Ajmer Merwara (Extension of Laws)Act, 1947, but the effect of the provisos to the said section is, notwithstand ing the said repeals, to continue, inter alia in force the Acts extended to the Provinces of Delhi and Ajmer Merwara or the States of Delhi and Ajmer under the provisions repealed by the said section; "AND WHEREAS notifications have been issued by the Central (Government from time to time under section 9, of the States (Laws) Act, 1950, extending Acts in force in Part A States to various Part C States sometimes with, and sometimes without, restrictions and modifications; "AND WHEREAS the Federal Court of India in Jatindra Nath Gupta vs Province of Bihar(1) held by a majority that (1)[1949] F.C.R. 595.