SentenceTransformer based on intfloat/multilingual-e5-base

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from intfloat/multilingual-e5-base. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

  • Model Type: Sentence Transformer
  • Base model: intfloat/multilingual-e5-base
  • Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
  • Output Dimensionality: 768 dimensions
  • Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity

Model Sources

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: XLMRobertaModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
  (2): Normalize()
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("codersan/multilingual-e5-base-Fa-v3")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'معنی و هدف زندگی چیست؟',
    'معنی دقیق زندگی چیست؟',
    'مراکز خرید در آینده چگونه خواهد بود؟',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 768]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

  • Size: 166,088 training samples
  • Columns: anchor and positive
  • Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
    anchor positive
    type string string
    details
    • min: 5 tokens
    • mean: 15.57 tokens
    • max: 52 tokens
    • min: 5 tokens
    • mean: 15.84 tokens
    • max: 56 tokens
  • Samples:
    anchor positive
    طالع بینی: من یک ماه و کلاه درپوش خورشید است ... این در مورد من چه می گوید؟ من یک برج سه گانه (خورشید ، ماه و صعود در برجستگی) هستم که این در مورد من چه می گوید؟
    چگونه می توانم یک زمین شناس خوب باشم؟ چه کاری باید انجام دهم تا یک زمین شناس عالی باشم؟
    چگونه می توانم نظرات YouTube خود را بخوانم و پیدا کنم؟ چگونه می توانم تمام نظرات YouTube خود را ببینم؟
  • Loss: MultipleNegativesRankingLoss with these parameters:
    {
        "scale": 20.0,
        "similarity_fct": "cos_sim"
    }
    

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

  • per_device_train_batch_size: 64
  • learning_rate: 2e-05
  • weight_decay: 0.01
  • batch_sampler: no_duplicates

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand
  • overwrite_output_dir: False
  • do_predict: False
  • eval_strategy: no
  • prediction_loss_only: True
  • per_device_train_batch_size: 64
  • per_device_eval_batch_size: 8
  • per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
  • per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
  • gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
  • eval_accumulation_steps: None
  • torch_empty_cache_steps: None
  • learning_rate: 2e-05
  • weight_decay: 0.01
  • adam_beta1: 0.9
  • adam_beta2: 0.999
  • adam_epsilon: 1e-08
  • max_grad_norm: 1.0
  • num_train_epochs: 3
  • max_steps: -1
  • lr_scheduler_type: linear
  • lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
  • warmup_ratio: 0.0
  • warmup_steps: 0
  • log_level: passive
  • log_level_replica: warning
  • log_on_each_node: True
  • logging_nan_inf_filter: True
  • save_safetensors: True
  • save_on_each_node: False
  • save_only_model: False
  • restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
  • no_cuda: False
  • use_cpu: False
  • use_mps_device: False
  • seed: 42
  • data_seed: None
  • jit_mode_eval: False
  • use_ipex: False
  • bf16: False
  • fp16: False
  • fp16_opt_level: O1
  • half_precision_backend: auto
  • bf16_full_eval: False
  • fp16_full_eval: False
  • tf32: None
  • local_rank: 0
  • ddp_backend: None
  • tpu_num_cores: None
  • tpu_metrics_debug: False
  • debug: []
  • dataloader_drop_last: False
  • dataloader_num_workers: 0
  • dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
  • past_index: -1
  • disable_tqdm: False
  • remove_unused_columns: True
  • label_names: None
  • load_best_model_at_end: False
  • ignore_data_skip: False
  • fsdp: []
  • fsdp_min_num_params: 0
  • fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
  • fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
  • accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
  • deepspeed: None
  • label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
  • optim: adamw_torch
  • optim_args: None
  • adafactor: False
  • group_by_length: False
  • length_column_name: length
  • ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
  • ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
  • ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
  • dataloader_pin_memory: True
  • dataloader_persistent_workers: False
  • skip_memory_metrics: True
  • use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
  • push_to_hub: False
  • resume_from_checkpoint: None
  • hub_model_id: None
  • hub_strategy: every_save
  • hub_private_repo: None
  • hub_always_push: False
  • gradient_checkpointing: False
  • gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
  • include_inputs_for_metrics: False
  • include_for_metrics: []
  • eval_do_concat_batches: True
  • fp16_backend: auto
  • push_to_hub_model_id: None
  • push_to_hub_organization: None
  • mp_parameters:
  • auto_find_batch_size: False
  • full_determinism: False
  • torchdynamo: None
  • ray_scope: last
  • ddp_timeout: 1800
  • torch_compile: False
  • torch_compile_backend: None
  • torch_compile_mode: None
  • dispatch_batches: None
  • split_batches: None
  • include_tokens_per_second: False
  • include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
  • neftune_noise_alpha: None
  • optim_target_modules: None
  • batch_eval_metrics: False
  • eval_on_start: False
  • use_liger_kernel: False
  • eval_use_gather_object: False
  • average_tokens_across_devices: False
  • prompts: None
  • batch_sampler: no_duplicates
  • multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional

Training Logs

Epoch Step Training Loss
0.0770 100 0.2123
0.1541 200 0.1124
0.2311 300 0.0804
0.3082 400 0.1067
0.3852 500 0.0981
0.4622 600 0.0936
0.5393 700 0.0957
0.6163 800 0.0848
0.6934 900 0.0924
0.7704 1000 0.0885
0.8475 1100 0.0852
0.9245 1200 0.1289
1.0008 1300 1.0585
1.0778 1400 0.0738
1.1549 1500 0.0677
1.2319 1600 0.0524
1.3089 1700 0.0713
1.3860 1800 0.0629
1.4630 1900 0.0634
1.5401 2000 0.0654
1.6171 2100 0.0596
1.6941 2200 0.0669
1.7712 2300 0.0633
1.8482 2400 0.0634
1.9253 2500 0.0968
2.0015 2600 0.9084
2.0786 2700 0.0582
2.1556 2800 0.0522
2.2327 2900 0.0438
2.3097 3000 0.0586
2.3867 3100 0.0514
2.4638 3200 0.0512
2.5408 3300 0.0537
2.6179 3400 0.0513
2.6949 3500 0.0561
2.7720 3600 0.0515
2.8490 3700 0.0549
2.9260 3800 0.0873

Framework Versions

  • Python: 3.10.12
  • Sentence Transformers: 3.3.1
  • Transformers: 4.47.0
  • PyTorch: 2.5.1+cu121
  • Accelerate: 1.2.1
  • Datasets: 3.2.0
  • Tokenizers: 0.21.0

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

MultipleNegativesRankingLoss

@misc{henderson2017efficient,
    title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply},
    author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1705.00652},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CL}
}
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