metadata
language:
- bg
- es
- fr
- hr
- it
- mk
- pt
- ro
- sh
- sl
- sr
language_bcp47:
- sr_Cyrl
- sr_Latn
tags:
- translation
- opus-mt-tc
license: cc-by-4.0
model-index:
- name: opus-mt-tc-big-zls-itc
results:
- task:
name: Translation bul-fra
type: translation
args: bul-fra
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: bul fra devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 34.4
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.6064
- task:
name: Translation bul-ita
type: translation
args: bul-ita
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: bul ita devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 24
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.54135
- task:
name: Translation bul-por
type: translation
args: bul-por
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: bul por devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 32.4
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.59322
- task:
name: Translation bul-ron
type: translation
args: bul-ron
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: bul ron devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 27.1
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.55558
- task:
name: Translation bul-spa
type: translation
args: bul-spa
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: bul spa devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 22.4
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.50962
- task:
name: Translation hrv-fra
type: translation
args: hrv-fra
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: hrv fra devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 33.1
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.59349
- task:
name: Translation hrv-ita
type: translation
args: hrv-ita
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: hrv ita devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 23.5
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.5298
- task:
name: Translation hrv-por
type: translation
args: hrv-por
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: hrv por devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 30.2
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.57402
- task:
name: Translation hrv-ron
type: translation
args: hrv-ron
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: hrv ron devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 25.9
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.5365
- task:
name: Translation hrv-spa
type: translation
args: hrv-spa
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: hrv spa devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 21.5
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.50161
- task:
name: Translation mkd-fra
type: translation
args: mkd-fra
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: mkd fra devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 35.2
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.60801
- task:
name: Translation mkd-ita
type: translation
args: mkd-ita
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: mkd ita devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 23.9
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.53543
- task:
name: Translation mkd-por
type: translation
args: mkd-por
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: mkd por devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 33.9
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.59648
- task:
name: Translation mkd-ron
type: translation
args: mkd-ron
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: mkd ron devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 28
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.54998
- task:
name: Translation mkd-spa
type: translation
args: mkd-spa
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: mkd spa devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 22.8
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.51079
- task:
name: Translation slv-fra
type: translation
args: slv-fra
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: slv fra devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 31.5
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.58233
- task:
name: Translation slv-ita
type: translation
args: slv-ita
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: slv ita devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 22.4
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.5239
- task:
name: Translation slv-por
type: translation
args: slv-por
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: slv por devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 29
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.56436
- task:
name: Translation slv-ron
type: translation
args: slv-ron
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: slv ron devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 25
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.53116
- task:
name: Translation slv-spa
type: translation
args: slv-spa
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: slv spa devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 21.1
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.49621
- task:
name: Translation srp_Cyrl-fra
type: translation
args: srp_Cyrl-fra
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: srp_Cyrl fra devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 36
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.6211
- task:
name: Translation srp_Cyrl-ita
type: translation
args: srp_Cyrl-ita
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: srp_Cyrl ita devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 23.9
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.54083
- task:
name: Translation srp_Cyrl-por
type: translation
args: srp_Cyrl-por
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: srp_Cyrl por devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 34.9
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.61248
- task:
name: Translation srp_Cyrl-ron
type: translation
args: srp_Cyrl-ron
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: srp_Cyrl ron devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 28.8
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.56235
- task:
name: Translation srp_Cyrl-spa
type: translation
args: srp_Cyrl-spa
dataset:
name: flores101-devtest
type: flores_101
args: srp_Cyrl spa devtest
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 22.8
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.51698
- task:
name: Translation bul-fra
type: translation
args: bul-fra
dataset:
name: tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07
type: tatoeba_mt
args: bul-fra
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 52.9
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.68971
- task:
name: Translation bul-ita
type: translation
args: bul-ita
dataset:
name: tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07
type: tatoeba_mt
args: bul-ita
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 45.1
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.66412
- task:
name: Translation bul-spa
type: translation
args: bul-spa
dataset:
name: tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07
type: tatoeba_mt
args: bul-spa
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 49.7
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.66672
- task:
name: Translation hbs-fra
type: translation
args: hbs-fra
dataset:
name: tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07
type: tatoeba_mt
args: hbs-fra
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 48.1
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.66434
- task:
name: Translation hbs-ita
type: translation
args: hbs-ita
dataset:
name: tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07
type: tatoeba_mt
args: hbs-ita
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 53.5
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.72381
- task:
name: Translation hbs-spa
type: translation
args: hbs-spa
dataset:
name: tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07
type: tatoeba_mt
args: hbs-spa
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 58
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.73105
- task:
name: Translation hrv-fra
type: translation
args: hrv-fra
dataset:
name: tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07
type: tatoeba_mt
args: hrv-fra
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 44.3
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.628
- task:
name: Translation hrv-spa
type: translation
args: hrv-spa
dataset:
name: tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07
type: tatoeba_mt
args: hrv-spa
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 57.5
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.7137
- task:
name: Translation mkd-spa
type: translation
args: mkd-spa
dataset:
name: tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07
type: tatoeba_mt
args: mkd-spa
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 62.1
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.75366
- task:
name: Translation srp_Latn-ita
type: translation
args: srp_Latn-ita
dataset:
name: tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07
type: tatoeba_mt
args: srp_Latn-ita
metrics:
- name: BLEU
type: bleu
value: 59.6
- name: chr-F
type: chrf
value: 0.76045
opus-mt-tc-big-zls-itc
Table of Contents
- Model Details
- Uses
- Risks, Limitations and Biases
- How to Get Started With the Model
- Training
- Evaluation
- Citation Information
- Acknowledgements
Model Details
Neural machine translation model for translating from South Slavic languages (zls) to Italic languages (itc).
This model is part of the OPUS-MT project, an effort to make neural machine translation models widely available and accessible for many languages in the world. All models are originally trained using the amazing framework of Marian NMT, an efficient NMT implementation written in pure C++. The models have been converted to pyTorch using the transformers library by huggingface. Training data is taken from OPUS and training pipelines use the procedures of OPUS-MT-train. Model Description:
- Developed by: Language Technology Research Group at the University of Helsinki
- Model Type: Translation (transformer-big)
- Release: 2022-08-10
- License: CC-BY-4.0
- Language(s):
- Source Language(s): bos_Latn bul hbs hrv mkd slv srp_Cyrl srp_Latn
- Target Language(s): fra ita por ron spa
- Language Pair(s): bul-fra bul-ita bul-por bul-ron bul-spa hbs-fra hbs-ita hbs-spa hrv-fra hrv-ita hrv-por hrv-ron hrv-spa mkd-fra mkd-ita mkd-por mkd-ron mkd-spa slv-fra slv-ita slv-por slv-ron slv-spa srp_Cyrl-fra srp_Cyrl-ita srp_Cyrl-por srp_Cyrl-ron srp_Cyrl-spa srp_Latn-ita
- Valid Target Language Labels: >>acf<< >>aoa<< >>arg<< >>ast<< >>cat<< >>cbk<< >>ccd<< >>cks<< >>cos<< >>cri<< >>crs<< >>dlm<< >>drc<< >>egl<< >>ext<< >>fab<< >>fax<< >>fra<< >>frc<< >>frm<< >>fro<< >>frp<< >>fur<< >>gcf<< >>gcr<< >>glg<< >>hat<< >>idb<< >>ist<< >>ita<< >>itk<< >>kea<< >>kmv<< >>lad<< >>lad_Latn<< >>lat<< >>lat_Latn<< >>lij<< >>lld<< >>lmo<< >>lou<< >>mcm<< >>mfe<< >>mol<< >>mwl<< >>mxi<< >>mzs<< >>nap<< >>nrf<< >>oci<< >>osc<< >>osp<< >>pap<< >>pcd<< >>pln<< >>pms<< >>pob<< >>por<< >>pov<< >>pre<< >>pro<< >>qbb<< >>qhr<< >>rcf<< >>rgn<< >>roh<< >>ron<< >>ruo<< >>rup<< >>ruq<< >>scf<< >>scn<< >>sdc<< >>sdn<< >>spa<< >>spq<< >>spx<< >>src<< >>srd<< >>sro<< >>tmg<< >>tvy<< >>vec<< >>vkp<< >>wln<< >>xfa<< >>xum<<
- Original Model: opusTCv20210807_transformer-big_2022-08-10.zip
- Resources for more information:
- OPUS-MT-train GitHub Repo
- More information about released models for this language pair: OPUS-MT zls-itc README
- More information about MarianNMT models in the transformers library
- [Tatoeba Translation Challenge](https://github.com/Helsinki-NLP/Tatoeba-Challenge/
This is a multilingual translation model with multiple target languages. A sentence initial language token is required in the form of >>id<< (id = valid target language ID), e.g. >>fra<<
Uses
This model can be used for translation and text-to-text generation.
Risks, Limitations and Biases
CONTENT WARNING: Readers should be aware that the model is trained on various public data sets that may contain content that is disturbing, offensive, and can propagate historical and current stereotypes.
Significant research has explored bias and fairness issues with language models (see, e.g., Sheng et al. (2021) and Bender et al. (2021)).
How to Get Started With the Model
A short example code:
from transformers import MarianMTModel, MarianTokenizer
src_text = [
">>fra<< Dobar dan, kako si?",
">>spa<< Znam da je ovo čudno."
]
model_name = "pytorch-models/opus-mt-tc-big-zls-itc"
tokenizer = MarianTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)
model = MarianMTModel.from_pretrained(model_name)
translated = model.generate(**tokenizer(src_text, return_tensors="pt", padding=True))
for t in translated:
print( tokenizer.decode(t, skip_special_tokens=True) )
# expected output:
# Bonjour, comment allez-vous ?
# Sé que esto es raro.
You can also use OPUS-MT models with the transformers pipelines, for example:
from transformers import pipeline
pipe = pipeline("translation", model="Helsinki-NLP/opus-mt-tc-big-zls-itc")
print(pipe(">>fra<< Dobar dan, kako si?"))
# expected output: Bonjour, comment allez-vous ?
Training
- Data: opusTCv20210807 (source)
- Pre-processing: SentencePiece (spm32k,spm32k)
- Model Type: transformer-big
- Original MarianNMT Model: opusTCv20210807_transformer-big_2022-08-10.zip
- Training Scripts: GitHub Repo
Evaluation
- test set translations: opusTCv20210807_transformer-big_2022-08-10.test.txt
- test set scores: opusTCv20210807_transformer-big_2022-08-10.eval.txt
- benchmark results: benchmark_results.txt
- benchmark output: benchmark_translations.zip
| langpair | testset | chr-F | BLEU | #sent | #words |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bul-fra | tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07 | 0.68971 | 52.9 | 446 | 3669 |
| bul-ita | tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07 | 0.66412 | 45.1 | 2500 | 16951 |
| bul-spa | tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07 | 0.66672 | 49.7 | 286 | 1783 |
| hbs-fra | tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07 | 0.66434 | 48.1 | 474 | 3370 |
| hbs-ita | tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07 | 0.72381 | 53.5 | 534 | 3208 |
| hbs-spa | tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07 | 0.73105 | 58.0 | 607 | 3766 |
| hrv-fra | tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07 | 0.62800 | 44.3 | 258 | 1943 |
| hrv-spa | tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07 | 0.71370 | 57.5 | 254 | 1702 |
| mkd-spa | tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07 | 0.75366 | 62.1 | 217 | 1121 |
| srp_Latn-ita | tatoeba-test-v2021-08-07 | 0.76045 | 59.6 | 212 | 1292 |
| bul-fra | flores101-devtest | 0.60640 | 34.4 | 1012 | 28343 |
| bul-ita | flores101-devtest | 0.54135 | 24.0 | 1012 | 27306 |
| bul-por | flores101-devtest | 0.59322 | 32.4 | 1012 | 26519 |
| bul-ron | flores101-devtest | 0.55558 | 27.1 | 1012 | 26799 |
| bul-spa | flores101-devtest | 0.50962 | 22.4 | 1012 | 29199 |
| hrv-fra | flores101-devtest | 0.59349 | 33.1 | 1012 | 28343 |
| hrv-ita | flores101-devtest | 0.52980 | 23.5 | 1012 | 27306 |
| hrv-por | flores101-devtest | 0.57402 | 30.2 | 1012 | 26519 |
| hrv-ron | flores101-devtest | 0.53650 | 25.9 | 1012 | 26799 |
| hrv-spa | flores101-devtest | 0.50161 | 21.5 | 1012 | 29199 |
| mkd-fra | flores101-devtest | 0.60801 | 35.2 | 1012 | 28343 |
| mkd-ita | flores101-devtest | 0.53543 | 23.9 | 1012 | 27306 |
| mkd-por | flores101-devtest | 0.59648 | 33.9 | 1012 | 26519 |
| mkd-ron | flores101-devtest | 0.54998 | 28.0 | 1012 | 26799 |
| mkd-spa | flores101-devtest | 0.51079 | 22.8 | 1012 | 29199 |
| slv-fra | flores101-devtest | 0.58233 | 31.5 | 1012 | 28343 |
| slv-ita | flores101-devtest | 0.52390 | 22.4 | 1012 | 27306 |
| slv-por | flores101-devtest | 0.56436 | 29.0 | 1012 | 26519 |
| slv-ron | flores101-devtest | 0.53116 | 25.0 | 1012 | 26799 |
| slv-spa | flores101-devtest | 0.49621 | 21.1 | 1012 | 29199 |
| srp_Cyrl-fra | flores101-devtest | 0.62110 | 36.0 | 1012 | 28343 |
| srp_Cyrl-ita | flores101-devtest | 0.54083 | 23.9 | 1012 | 27306 |
| srp_Cyrl-por | flores101-devtest | 0.61248 | 34.9 | 1012 | 26519 |
| srp_Cyrl-ron | flores101-devtest | 0.56235 | 28.8 | 1012 | 26799 |
| srp_Cyrl-spa | flores101-devtest | 0.51698 | 22.8 | 1012 | 29199 |
Citation Information
- Publications: OPUS-MT – Building open translation services for the World and The Tatoeba Translation Challenge – Realistic Data Sets for Low Resource and Multilingual MT (Please, cite if you use this model.)
@inproceedings{tiedemann-thottingal-2020-opus,
title = "{OPUS}-{MT} {--} Building open translation services for the World",
author = {Tiedemann, J{\"o}rg and Thottingal, Santhosh},
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation",
month = nov,
year = "2020",
address = "Lisboa, Portugal",
publisher = "European Association for Machine Translation",
url = "https://aclanthology.org/2020.eamt-1.61",
pages = "479--480",
}
@inproceedings{tiedemann-2020-tatoeba,
title = "The Tatoeba Translation Challenge {--} Realistic Data Sets for Low Resource and Multilingual {MT}",
author = {Tiedemann, J{\"o}rg},
booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Machine Translation",
month = nov,
year = "2020",
address = "Online",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://aclanthology.org/2020.wmt-1.139",
pages = "1174--1182",
}
Acknowledgements
The work is supported by the European Language Grid as pilot project 2866, by the FoTran project, funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 771113), and the MeMAD project, funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No 780069. We are also grateful for the generous computational resources and IT infrastructure provided by CSC -- IT Center for Science, Finland.
Model conversion info
- transformers version: 4.16.2
- OPUS-MT git hash: 8b9f0b0
- port time: Fri Aug 12 23:59:29 EEST 2022
- port machine: LM0-400-22516.local