Zero-shot text classification (base-sized model) trained with self-supervised tuning

Zero-shot text classification model trained with self-supervised tuning (SSTuning). It was introduced in the paper Zero-Shot Text Classification via Self-Supervised Tuning by Chaoqun Liu, Wenxuan Zhang, Guizhen Chen, Xiaobao Wu, Anh Tuan Luu, Chip Hong Chang, Lidong Bing and first released in this repository.

The model backbone is RoBERTa-base.

Model description

The model is tuned with unlabeled data using a learning objective called first sentence prediction (FSP). The FSP task is designed by considering both the nature of the unlabeled corpus and the input/output format of classification tasks.

The training and validation sets are constructed from the unlabeled corpus using FSP.

During tuning, BERT-like pre-trained masked language models such as RoBERTa and ALBERT are employed as the backbone, and an output layer for classification is added. The learning objective for FSP is to predict the index of the correct label. A cross-entropy loss is used for tuning the model.

Model variations

There are four versions of models released. The details are:

Model	Backbone	#params	lang	acc	Speed	#Train
zero-shot-classify-SSTuning-base	roberta-base	125M	En	Low	High	20.48M
zero-shot-classify-SSTuning-large	roberta-large	355M	En	Medium	Medium	5.12M
zero-shot-classify-SSTuning-ALBERT	albert-xxlarge-v2	235M	En	High	Low	5.12M
zero-shot-classify-SSTuning-XLM-R	xlm-roberta-base	278M	Multi	-	-	20.48M

Please note that zero-shot-classify-SSTuning-XLM-R is trained with 20.48M English samples only. However, it can also be used in other languages as long as xlm-roberta supports. Please check this repository for the performance of each model.

Intended uses & limitations

The model can be used for zero-shot text classification such as sentiment analysis and topic classification. No further finetuning is needed.

The number of labels should be 2 ~ 20.

How to use

You can try the model with the Colab Notebook.

from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForSequenceClassification
import torch, string, random

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("DAMO-NLP-SG/zero-shot-classify-SSTuning-base")
model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("DAMO-NLP-SG/zero-shot-classify-SSTuning-base")

text = "I love this place! The food is always so fresh and delicious."
list_label = ["negative", "positive"]

device = torch.device('cuda') if torch.cuda.is_available() else torch.device('cpu')
list_ABC = [x for x in string.ascii_uppercase]

def check_text(model, text, list_label, shuffle=False): 
    list_label = [x+'.' if x[-1] != '.' else x for x in list_label]
    list_label_new = list_label + [tokenizer.pad_token]* (20 - len(list_label))
    if shuffle: 
        random.shuffle(list_label_new)
    s_option = ' '.join(['('+list_ABC[i]+') '+list_label_new[i] for i in range(len(list_label_new))])
    text = f'{s_option} {tokenizer.sep_token} {text}'

    model.to(device).eval()
    encoding = tokenizer([text],truncation=True, max_length=512,return_tensors='pt')
    item = {key: val.to(device) for key, val in encoding.items()}
    logits = model(**item).logits
    
    logits = logits if shuffle else logits[:,0:len(list_label)]
    probs = torch.nn.functional.softmax(logits, dim = -1).tolist()
    predictions = torch.argmax(logits, dim=-1).item() 
    probabilities = [round(x,5) for x in probs[0]]

    print(f'prediction:    {predictions} => ({list_ABC[predictions]}) {list_label_new[predictions]}')
    print(f'probability:   {round(probabilities[predictions]*100,2)}%')

check_text(model, text, list_label)
# prediction:    1 => (B) positive.
# probability:   99.92%

BibTeX entry and citation info

@inproceedings{acl23/SSTuning,
  author    = {Chaoqun Liu and
               Wenxuan Zhang and
               Guizhen Chen and
               Xiaobao Wu and
               Anh Tuan Luu and
               Chip Hong Chang and 
               Lidong Bing},
  title     = {Zero-Shot Text Classification via Self-Supervised Tuning},
  booktitle = {Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2023},
  year      = {2023},
  url       = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.11442},
}