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---
license: mit
library_name: sklearn
tags:
- sklearn
- skops
- tabular-classification
widget:
  structuredData:
    area error:
    - 30.29
    - 96.05
    - 48.31
    compactness error:
    - 0.01911
    - 0.01652
    - 0.01484
    concave points error:
    - 0.01037
    - 0.0137
    - 0.01093
    concavity error:
    - 0.02701
    - 0.02269
    - 0.02813
    fractal dimension error:
    - 0.003586
    - 0.001698
    - 0.002461
    mean area:
    - 481.9
    - 1130.0
    - 748.9
    mean compactness:
    - 0.1058
    - 0.1029
    - 0.1223
    mean concave points:
    - 0.03821
    - 0.07951
    - 0.08087
    mean concavity:
    - 0.08005
    - 0.108
    - 0.1466
    mean fractal dimension:
    - 0.06373
    - 0.05461
    - 0.05796
    mean perimeter:
    - 81.09
    - 123.6
    - 101.7
    mean radius:
    - 12.47
    - 18.94
    - 15.46
    mean smoothness:
    - 0.09965
    - 0.09009
    - 0.1092
    mean symmetry:
    - 0.1925
    - 0.1582
    - 0.1931
    mean texture:
    - 18.6
    - 21.31
    - 19.48
    perimeter error:
    - 2.497
    - 5.486
    - 3.094
    radius error:
    - 0.3961
    - 0.7888
    - 0.4743
    smoothness error:
    - 0.006953
    - 0.004444
    - 0.00624
    symmetry error:
    - 0.01782
    - 0.01386
    - 0.01397
    texture error:
    - 1.044
    - 0.7975
    - 0.7859
    worst area:
    - 677.9
    - 1866.0
    - 1156.0
    worst compactness:
    - 0.2378
    - 0.2336
    - 0.2394
    worst concave points:
    - 0.1015
    - 0.1789
    - 0.1514
    worst concavity:
    - 0.2671
    - 0.2687
    - 0.3791
    worst fractal dimension:
    - 0.0875
    - 0.06589
    - 0.08019
    worst perimeter:
    - 96.05
    - 165.9
    - 124.9
    worst radius:
    - 14.97
    - 24.86
    - 19.26
    worst smoothness:
    - 0.1426
    - 0.1193
    - 0.1546
    worst symmetry:
    - 0.3014
    - 0.2551
    - 0.2837
    worst texture:
    - 24.64
    - 26.58
    - 26.0
---

# Model description

This is a HistGradientBoostingClassifier model trained on breast cancer dataset. It's trained with Halving Grid Search Cross Validation, with parameter grids on max_leaf_nodes and max_depth.

## Intended uses & limitations

This model is not ready to be used in production.

## Training Procedure

### Hyperparameters

The model is trained with below hyperparameters.

<details>
<summary> Click to expand </summary>

| Hyperparameter                  | Value                                                    |
|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
| aggressive_elimination          | False                                                    |
| cv                              | 5                                                        |
| error_score                     | nan                                                      |
| estimator__categorical_features |                                                          |
| estimator__early_stopping       | auto                                                     |
| estimator__l2_regularization    | 0.0                                                      |
| estimator__learning_rate        | 0.1                                                      |
| estimator__loss                 | auto                                                     |
| estimator__max_bins             | 255                                                      |
| estimator__max_depth            |                                                          |
| estimator__max_iter             | 100                                                      |
| estimator__max_leaf_nodes       | 31                                                       |
| estimator__min_samples_leaf     | 20                                                       |
| estimator__monotonic_cst        |                                                          |
| estimator__n_iter_no_change     | 10                                                       |
| estimator__random_state         |                                                          |
| estimator__scoring              | loss                                                     |
| estimator__tol                  | 1e-07                                                    |
| estimator__validation_fraction  | 0.1                                                      |
| estimator__verbose              | 0                                                        |
| estimator__warm_start           | False                                                    |
| estimator                       | HistGradientBoostingClassifier()                         |
| factor                          | 3                                                        |
| max_resources                   | auto                                                     |
| min_resources                   | exhaust                                                  |
| n_jobs                          | -1                                                       |
| param_grid                      | {'max_leaf_nodes': [5, 10, 15], 'max_depth': [2, 5, 10]} |
| random_state                    | 42                                                       |
| refit                           | True                                                     |
| resource                        | n_samples                                                |
| return_train_score              | True                                                     |
| scoring                         |                                                          |
| verbose                         | 0                                                        |

</details>

### Model Plot

The model plot is below.

<style>#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 {color: black;background-color: white;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 pre{padding: 0;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-toggleable {background-color: white;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 label.sk-toggleable__label {cursor: pointer;display: block;width: 100%;margin-bottom: 0;padding: 0.3em;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:before {content: "▸";float: left;margin-right: 0.25em;color: #696969;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:hover:before {color: black;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-estimator:hover label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:before {color: black;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-toggleable__content {max-height: 0;max-width: 0;overflow: hidden;text-align: left;background-color: #f0f8ff;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-toggleable__content pre {margin: 0.2em;color: black;border-radius: 0.25em;background-color: #f0f8ff;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~div.sk-toggleable__content {max-height: 200px;max-width: 100%;overflow: auto;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:before {content: "▾";}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-estimator input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label {background-color: #d4ebff;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-label input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label {background-color: #d4ebff;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 input.sk-hidden--visually {border: 0;clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);height: 1px;margin: -1px;overflow: hidden;padding: 0;position: absolute;width: 1px;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-estimator {font-family: monospace;background-color: #f0f8ff;border: 1px dotted black;border-radius: 0.25em;box-sizing: border-box;margin-bottom: 0.5em;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-estimator:hover {background-color: #d4ebff;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-parallel-item::after {content: "";width: 100%;border-bottom: 1px solid gray;flex-grow: 1;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-label:hover label.sk-toggleable__label {background-color: #d4ebff;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-serial::before {content: "";position: absolute;border-left: 1px solid gray;box-sizing: border-box;top: 2em;bottom: 0;left: 50%;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-serial {display: flex;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;background-color: white;padding-right: 0.2em;padding-left: 0.2em;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-item {z-index: 1;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-parallel {display: flex;align-items: stretch;justify-content: center;background-color: white;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-parallel::before {content: "";position: absolute;border-left: 1px solid gray;box-sizing: border-box;top: 2em;bottom: 0;left: 50%;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-parallel-item {display: flex;flex-direction: column;position: relative;background-color: white;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-parallel-item:first-child::after {align-self: flex-end;width: 50%;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-parallel-item:last-child::after {align-self: flex-start;width: 50%;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-parallel-item:only-child::after {width: 0;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-dashed-wrapped {border: 1px dashed gray;margin: 0 0.4em 0.5em 0.4em;box-sizing: border-box;padding-bottom: 0.4em;background-color: white;position: relative;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-label label {font-family: monospace;font-weight: bold;background-color: white;display: inline-block;line-height: 1.2em;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-label-container {position: relative;z-index: 2;text-align: center;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-container {/* jupyter's `normalize.less` sets `[hidden] { display: none; }` but bootstrap.min.css set `[hidden] { display: none !important; }` so we also need the `!important` here to be able to override the default hidden behavior on the sphinx rendered scikit-learn.org. See: https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn/issues/21755 */display: inline-block !important;position: relative;}#sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04 div.sk-text-repr-fallback {display: none;}</style><div id="sk-72410a5a-f2ab-48e8-8d36-6c2ba8f6eb04" class="sk-top-container"><div class="sk-text-repr-fallback"><pre>HalvingGridSearchCV(estimator=HistGradientBoostingClassifier(), n_jobs=-1,param_grid={&#x27;max_depth&#x27;: [2, 5, 10],&#x27;max_leaf_nodes&#x27;: [5, 10, 15]},random_state=42)</pre><b>Please rerun this cell to show the HTML repr or trust the notebook.</b></div><div class="sk-container" hidden><div class="sk-item sk-dashed-wrapped"><div class="sk-label-container"><div class="sk-label sk-toggleable"><input class="sk-toggleable__control sk-hidden--visually" id="ab167486-be7e-4eb5-be01-ba21adbd7469" type="checkbox" ><label for="ab167486-be7e-4eb5-be01-ba21adbd7469" class="sk-toggleable__label sk-toggleable__label-arrow">HalvingGridSearchCV</label><div class="sk-toggleable__content"><pre>HalvingGridSearchCV(estimator=HistGradientBoostingClassifier(), n_jobs=-1,param_grid={&#x27;max_depth&#x27;: [2, 5, 10],&#x27;max_leaf_nodes&#x27;: [5, 10, 15]},random_state=42)</pre></div></div></div><div class="sk-parallel"><div class="sk-parallel-item"><div class="sk-item"><div class="sk-serial"><div class="sk-item"><div class="sk-estimator sk-toggleable"><input class="sk-toggleable__control sk-hidden--visually" id="e9df9f06-8d9e-4379-ad72-52f461408663" type="checkbox" ><label for="e9df9f06-8d9e-4379-ad72-52f461408663" class="sk-toggleable__label sk-toggleable__label-arrow">HistGradientBoostingClassifier</label><div class="sk-toggleable__content"><pre>HistGradientBoostingClassifier()</pre></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>

## Evaluation Results

You can find the details about evaluation process and the evaluation results.



| Metric   |    Value |
|----------|----------|
| accuracy | 0.959064 |
| f1 score | 0.959064 |

# How to Get Started with the Model

Use the code below to get started with the model.

<details>
<summary> Click to expand </summary>

```python
import pickle
with open(pkl_filename, 'rb') as file:
    clf = pickle.load(file)
```

</details>




# Model Card Authors

This model card is written by following authors:

skops_user

# Model Card Contact

You can contact the model card authors through following channels:
[More Information Needed]

# Citation

Below you can find information related to citation.

**BibTeX:**
```
bibtex
@inproceedings{...,year={2020}}
```


# Additional Content

## Confusion matrix

![Confusion matrix](confusion_matrix.png)

## Hyperparameter search results

<details>
<summary> Click to expand </summary>

|   iter |   n_resources |   mean_fit_time |   std_fit_time |   mean_score_time |   std_score_time |   param_max_depth |   param_max_leaf_nodes | params                                  |   split0_test_score |   split1_test_score |   split2_test_score |   split3_test_score |   split4_test_score |   mean_test_score |   std_test_score |   rank_test_score |   split0_train_score |   split1_train_score |   split2_train_score |   split3_train_score |   split4_train_score |   mean_train_score |   std_train_score |
|--------|---------------|-----------------|----------------|-------------------|------------------|-------------------|------------------------|-----------------------------------------|---------------------|---------------------|---------------------|---------------------|---------------------|-------------------|------------------|-------------------|----------------------|----------------------|----------------------|----------------------|----------------------|--------------------|-------------------|
|      0 |            44 |       0.0498069 |     0.0107112  |        0.0121156  |      0.0061838   |                 2 |                      5 | {'max_depth': 2, 'max_leaf_nodes': 5}   |            0.875    |            0.5      |            0.625    |            0.75     |            0.375    |          0.625    |        0.176777  |                 5 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.514286 |             0.514286 |           0.582857 |         0.0559883 |
|      0 |            44 |       0.0492636 |     0.0187271  |        0.00738611 |      0.00245441  |                 2 |                     10 | {'max_depth': 2, 'max_leaf_nodes': 10}  |            0.875    |            0.5      |            0.625    |            0.75     |            0.375    |          0.625    |        0.176777  |                 5 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.514286 |             0.514286 |           0.582857 |         0.0559883 |
|      0 |            44 |       0.0572055 |     0.0153176  |        0.0111395  |      0.0010297   |                 2 |                     15 | {'max_depth': 2, 'max_leaf_nodes': 15}  |            0.875    |            0.5      |            0.625    |            0.75     |            0.375    |          0.625    |        0.176777  |                 5 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.514286 |             0.514286 |           0.582857 |         0.0559883 |
|      0 |            44 |       0.0498482 |     0.0177091  |        0.00857358 |      0.00415935  |                 5 |                      5 | {'max_depth': 5, 'max_leaf_nodes': 5}   |            0.875    |            0.5      |            0.625    |            0.75     |            0.375    |          0.625    |        0.176777  |                 5 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.514286 |             0.514286 |           0.582857 |         0.0559883 |
|      0 |            44 |       0.0500658 |     0.00992094 |        0.00998321 |      0.00527031  |                 5 |                     10 | {'max_depth': 5, 'max_leaf_nodes': 10}  |            0.875    |            0.5      |            0.625    |            0.75     |            0.375    |          0.625    |        0.176777  |                 5 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.514286 |             0.514286 |           0.582857 |         0.0559883 |
|      0 |            44 |       0.0525903 |     0.0151616  |        0.00874681 |      0.00462998  |                 5 |                     15 | {'max_depth': 5, 'max_leaf_nodes': 15}  |            0.875    |            0.5      |            0.625    |            0.75     |            0.375    |          0.625    |        0.176777  |                 5 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.514286 |             0.514286 |           0.582857 |         0.0559883 |
|      0 |            44 |       0.0512018 |     0.0130152  |        0.00881834 |      0.00500514  |                10 |                      5 | {'max_depth': 10, 'max_leaf_nodes': 5}  |            0.875    |            0.5      |            0.625    |            0.75     |            0.375    |          0.625    |        0.176777  |                 5 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.514286 |             0.514286 |           0.582857 |         0.0559883 |
|      0 |            44 |       0.0566921 |     0.0186051  |        0.00513492 |      0.000498488 |                10 |                     10 | {'max_depth': 10, 'max_leaf_nodes': 10} |            0.875    |            0.5      |            0.625    |            0.75     |            0.375    |          0.625    |        0.176777  |                 5 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.514286 |             0.514286 |           0.582857 |         0.0559883 |
|      0 |            44 |       0.060587  |     0.04041    |        0.00987453 |      0.00529624  |                10 |                     15 | {'max_depth': 10, 'max_leaf_nodes': 15} |            0.875    |            0.5      |            0.625    |            0.75     |            0.375    |          0.625    |        0.176777  |                 5 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.628571 |             0.514286 |             0.514286 |           0.582857 |         0.0559883 |
|      1 |           132 |       0.232459  |     0.0479878  |        0.0145514  |      0.00856422  |                10 |                      5 | {'max_depth': 10, 'max_leaf_nodes': 5}  |            0.961538 |            0.923077 |            0.923077 |            0.961538 |            0.961538 |          0.946154 |        0.0188422 |                 2 |             1        |             1        |             1        |             1        |             1        |           1        |         0         |
|      1 |           132 |       0.272297  |     0.0228833  |        0.011561   |      0.0068272   |                10 |                     10 | {'max_depth': 10, 'max_leaf_nodes': 10} |            0.961538 |            0.923077 |            0.923077 |            0.961538 |            0.961538 |          0.946154 |        0.0188422 |                 2 |             1        |             1        |             1        |             1        |             1        |           1        |         0         |
|      1 |           132 |       0.239161  |     0.0330412  |        0.0116591  |      0.003554    |                10 |                     15 | {'max_depth': 10, 'max_leaf_nodes': 15} |            0.961538 |            0.923077 |            0.923077 |            0.961538 |            0.961538 |          0.946154 |        0.0188422 |                 2 |             1        |             1        |             1        |             1        |             1        |           1        |         0         |
|      2 |           396 |       0.920334  |     0.18198    |        0.0166654  |      0.00776263  |                10 |                     15 | {'max_depth': 10, 'max_leaf_nodes': 15} |            0.962025 |            0.911392 |            0.987342 |            0.974359 |            0.935897 |          0.954203 |        0.0273257 |                 1 |             1        |             1        |             1        |             1        |             1        |           1        |         0         |

</details>

## Classification report

<details>
<summary> Click to expand </summary>

| index        |   precision |   recall |   f1-score |   support |
|--------------|-------------|----------|------------|-----------|
| malignant    |    0.951613 | 0.936508 |   0.944    |        63 |
| benign       |    0.963303 | 0.972222 |   0.967742 |       108 |
| macro avg    |    0.957458 | 0.954365 |   0.955871 |       171 |
| weighted avg |    0.958996 | 0.959064 |   0.958995 |       171 |

</details>