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# YOLOv5 🚀 by Ultralytics, GPL-3.0 license
"""
TensorFlow, Keras and TFLite versions of YOLOv5
Authored by https://github.com/zldrobit in PR https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov5/pull/1127
Usage:
$ python models/tf.py --weights yolov5s.pt
Export:
$ python path/to/export.py --weights yolov5s.pt --include saved_model pb tflite tfjs
"""
import argparse
import sys
from copy import deepcopy
from pathlib import Path
FILE = Path(__file__).resolve()
ROOT = FILE.parents[1] # YOLOv5 root directory
if str(ROOT) not in sys.path:
sys.path.append(str(ROOT)) # add ROOT to PATH
# ROOT = ROOT.relative_to(Path.cwd()) # relative
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from tensorflow import keras
from models.common import C3, SPP, SPPF, Bottleneck, BottleneckCSP, Concat, Conv, DWConv, Focus, autopad
from models.experimental import CrossConv, MixConv2d, attempt_load
from models.yolo import Detect
from utils.activations import SiLU
from utils.general import LOGGER, make_divisible, print_args
class TFBN(keras.layers.Layer):
# TensorFlow BatchNormalization wrapper
def __init__(self, w=None):
super().__init__()
self.bn = keras.layers.BatchNormalization(
beta_initializer=keras.initializers.Constant(w.bias.numpy()),
gamma_initializer=keras.initializers.Constant(w.weight.numpy()),
moving_mean_initializer=keras.initializers.Constant(w.running_mean.numpy()),
moving_variance_initializer=keras.initializers.Constant(w.running_var.numpy()),
epsilon=w.eps)
def call(self, inputs):
return self.bn(inputs)
class TFPad(keras.layers.Layer):
def __init__(self, pad):
super().__init__()
self.pad = tf.constant([[0, 0], [pad, pad], [pad, pad], [0, 0]])
def call(self, inputs):
return tf.pad(inputs, self.pad, mode='constant', constant_values=0)
class TFConv(keras.layers.Layer):
# Standard convolution
def __init__(self, c1, c2, k=1, s=1, p=None, g=1, act=True, w=None):
# ch_in, ch_out, weights, kernel, stride, padding, groups
super().__init__()
assert g == 1, "TF v2.2 Conv2D does not support 'groups' argument"
assert isinstance(k, int), "Convolution with multiple kernels are not allowed."
# TensorFlow convolution padding is inconsistent with PyTorch (e.g. k=3 s=2 'SAME' padding)
# see https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52975843/comparing-conv2d-with-padding-between-tensorflow-and-pytorch
conv = keras.layers.Conv2D(
c2,
k,
s,
'SAME' if s == 1 else 'VALID',
use_bias=False if hasattr(w, 'bn') else True,
kernel_initializer=keras.initializers.Constant(w.conv.weight.permute(2, 3, 1, 0).numpy()),
bias_initializer='zeros' if hasattr(w, 'bn') else keras.initializers.Constant(w.conv.bias.numpy()))
self.conv = conv if s == 1 else keras.Sequential([TFPad(autopad(k, p)), conv])
self.bn = TFBN(w.bn) if hasattr(w, 'bn') else tf.identity
# YOLOv5 activations
if isinstance(w.act, nn.LeakyReLU):
self.act = (lambda x: keras.activations.relu(x, alpha=0.1)) if act else tf.identity
elif isinstance(w.act, nn.Hardswish):
self.act = (lambda x: x * tf.nn.relu6(x + 3) * 0.166666667) if act else tf.identity
elif isinstance(w.act, (nn.SiLU, SiLU)):
self.act = (lambda x: keras.activations.swish(x)) if act else tf.identity
else:
raise Exception(f'no matching TensorFlow activation found for {w.act}')
def call(self, inputs):
return self.act(self.bn(self.conv(inputs)))
class TFFocus(keras.layers.Layer):
# Focus wh information into c-space
def __init__(self, c1, c2, k=1, s=1, p=None, g=1, act=True, w=None):
# ch_in, ch_out, kernel, stride, padding, groups
super().__init__()
self.conv = TFConv(c1 * 4, c2, k, s, p, g, act, w.conv)
def call(self, inputs): # x(b,w,h,c) -> y(b,w/2,h/2,4c)
# inputs = inputs / 255 # normalize 0-255 to 0-1
return self.conv(
tf.concat(
[inputs[:, ::2, ::2, :], inputs[:, 1::2, ::2, :], inputs[:, ::2, 1::2, :], inputs[:, 1::2, 1::2, :]],
3))
class TFBottleneck(keras.layers.Layer):
# Standard bottleneck
def __init__(self, c1, c2, shortcut=True, g=1, e=0.5, w=None): # ch_in, ch_out, shortcut, groups, expansion
super().__init__()
c_ = int(c2 * e) # hidden channels
self.cv1 = TFConv(c1, c_, 1, 1, w=w.cv1)
self.cv2 = TFConv(c_, c2, 3, 1, g=g, w=w.cv2)
self.add = shortcut and c1 == c2
def call(self, inputs):
return inputs + self.cv2(self.cv1(inputs)) if self.add else self.cv2(self.cv1(inputs))
class TFConv2d(keras.layers.Layer):
# Substitution for PyTorch nn.Conv2D
def __init__(self, c1, c2, k, s=1, g=1, bias=True, w=None):
super().__init__()
assert g == 1, "TF v2.2 Conv2D does not support 'groups' argument"
self.conv = keras.layers.Conv2D(
c2,
k,
s,
'VALID',
use_bias=bias,
kernel_initializer=keras.initializers.Constant(w.weight.permute(2, 3, 1, 0).numpy()),
bias_initializer=keras.initializers.Constant(w.bias.numpy()) if bias else None,
)
def call(self, inputs):
return self.conv(inputs)
class TFBottleneckCSP(keras.layers.Layer):
# CSP Bottleneck https://github.com/WongKinYiu/CrossStagePartialNetworks
def __init__(self, c1, c2, n=1, shortcut=True, g=1, e=0.5, w=None):
# ch_in, ch_out, number, shortcut, groups, expansion
super().__init__()
c_ = int(c2 * e) # hidden channels
self.cv1 = TFConv(c1, c_, 1, 1, w=w.cv1)
self.cv2 = TFConv2d(c1, c_, 1, 1, bias=False, w=w.cv2)
self.cv3 = TFConv2d(c_, c_, 1, 1, bias=False, w=w.cv3)
self.cv4 = TFConv(2 * c_, c2, 1, 1, w=w.cv4)
self.bn = TFBN(w.bn)
self.act = lambda x: keras.activations.swish(x)
self.m = keras.Sequential([TFBottleneck(c_, c_, shortcut, g, e=1.0, w=w.m[j]) for j in range(n)])
def call(self, inputs):
y1 = self.cv3(self.m(self.cv1(inputs)))
y2 = self.cv2(inputs)
return self.cv4(self.act(self.bn(tf.concat((y1, y2), axis=3))))
class TFC3(keras.layers.Layer):
# CSP Bottleneck with 3 convolutions
def __init__(self, c1, c2, n=1, shortcut=True, g=1, e=0.5, w=None):
# ch_in, ch_out, number, shortcut, groups, expansion
super().__init__()
c_ = int(c2 * e) # hidden channels
self.cv1 = TFConv(c1, c_, 1, 1, w=w.cv1)
self.cv2 = TFConv(c1, c_, 1, 1, w=w.cv2)
self.cv3 = TFConv(2 * c_, c2, 1, 1, w=w.cv3)
self.m = keras.Sequential([TFBottleneck(c_, c_, shortcut, g, e=1.0, w=w.m[j]) for j in range(n)])
def call(self, inputs):
return self.cv3(tf.concat((self.m(self.cv1(inputs)), self.cv2(inputs)), axis=3))
class TFSPP(keras.layers.Layer):
# Spatial pyramid pooling layer used in YOLOv3-SPP
def __init__(self, c1, c2, k=(5, 9, 13), w=None):
super().__init__()
c_ = c1 // 2 # hidden channels
self.cv1 = TFConv(c1, c_, 1, 1, w=w.cv1)
self.cv2 = TFConv(c_ * (len(k) + 1), c2, 1, 1, w=w.cv2)
self.m = [keras.layers.MaxPool2D(pool_size=x, strides=1, padding='SAME') for x in k]
def call(self, inputs):
x = self.cv1(inputs)
return self.cv2(tf.concat([x] + [m(x) for m in self.m], 3))
class TFSPPF(keras.layers.Layer):
# Spatial pyramid pooling-Fast layer
def __init__(self, c1, c2, k=5, w=None):
super().__init__()
c_ = c1 // 2 # hidden channels
self.cv1 = TFConv(c1, c_, 1, 1, w=w.cv1)
self.cv2 = TFConv(c_ * 4, c2, 1, 1, w=w.cv2)
self.m = keras.layers.MaxPool2D(pool_size=k, strides=1, padding='SAME')
def call(self, inputs):
x = self.cv1(inputs)
y1 = self.m(x)
y2 = self.m(y1)
return self.cv2(tf.concat([x, y1, y2, self.m(y2)], 3))
class TFDetect(keras.layers.Layer):
# TF YOLOv5 Detect layer
def __init__(self, nc=80, anchors=(), ch=(), imgsz=(640, 640), w=None): # detection layer
super().__init__()
self.stride = tf.convert_to_tensor(w.stride.numpy(), dtype=tf.float32)
self.nc = nc # number of classes
self.no = nc + 5 # number of outputs per anchor
self.nl = len(anchors) # number of detection layers
self.na = len(anchors[0]) // 2 # number of anchors
self.grid = [tf.zeros(1)] * self.nl # init grid
self.anchors = tf.convert_to_tensor(w.anchors.numpy(), dtype=tf.float32)
self.anchor_grid = tf.reshape(self.anchors * tf.reshape(self.stride, [self.nl, 1, 1]), [self.nl, 1, -1, 1, 2])
self.m = [TFConv2d(x, self.no * self.na, 1, w=w.m[i]) for i, x in enumerate(ch)]
self.training = False # set to False after building model
self.imgsz = imgsz
for i in range(self.nl):
ny, nx = self.imgsz[0] // self.stride[i], self.imgsz[1] // self.stride[i]
self.grid[i] = self._make_grid(nx, ny)
def call(self, inputs):
z = [] # inference output
x = []
for i in range(self.nl):
x.append(self.m[i](inputs[i]))
# x(bs,20,20,255) to x(bs,3,20,20,85)
ny, nx = self.imgsz[0] // self.stride[i], self.imgsz[1] // self.stride[i]
x[i] = tf.reshape(x[i], [-1, ny * nx, self.na, self.no])
if not self.training: # inference
y = tf.sigmoid(x[i])
grid = tf.transpose(self.grid[i], [0, 2, 1, 3]) - 0.5
anchor_grid = tf.transpose(self.anchor_grid[i], [0, 2, 1, 3]) * 4
xy = (y[..., 0:2] * 2 + grid) * self.stride[i] # xy
wh = y[..., 2:4] ** 2 * anchor_grid
# Normalize xywh to 0-1 to reduce calibration error
xy /= tf.constant([[self.imgsz[1], self.imgsz[0]]], dtype=tf.float32)
wh /= tf.constant([[self.imgsz[1], self.imgsz[0]]], dtype=tf.float32)
y = tf.concat([xy, wh, y[..., 4:]], -1)
z.append(tf.reshape(y, [-1, self.na * ny * nx, self.no]))
return tf.transpose(x, [0, 2, 1, 3]) if self.training else (tf.concat(z, 1), x)
@staticmethod
def _make_grid(nx=20, ny=20):
# yv, xv = torch.meshgrid([torch.arange(ny), torch.arange(nx)])
# return torch.stack((xv, yv), 2).view((1, 1, ny, nx, 2)).float()
xv, yv = tf.meshgrid(tf.range(nx), tf.range(ny))
return tf.cast(tf.reshape(tf.stack([xv, yv], 2), [1, 1, ny * nx, 2]), dtype=tf.float32)
class TFUpsample(keras.layers.Layer):
# TF version of torch.nn.Upsample()
def __init__(self, size, scale_factor, mode, w=None): # warning: all arguments needed including 'w'
super().__init__()
assert scale_factor == 2, "scale_factor must be 2"
self.upsample = lambda x: tf.image.resize(x, (x.shape[1] * 2, x.shape[2] * 2), method=mode)
# self.upsample = keras.layers.UpSampling2D(size=scale_factor, interpolation=mode)
# with default arguments: align_corners=False, half_pixel_centers=False
# self.upsample = lambda x: tf.raw_ops.ResizeNearestNeighbor(images=x,
# size=(x.shape[1] * 2, x.shape[2] * 2))
def call(self, inputs):
return self.upsample(inputs)
class TFConcat(keras.layers.Layer):
# TF version of torch.concat()
def __init__(self, dimension=1, w=None):
super().__init__()
assert dimension == 1, "convert only NCHW to NHWC concat"
self.d = 3
def call(self, inputs):
return tf.concat(inputs, self.d)
def parse_model(d, ch, model, imgsz): # model_dict, input_channels(3)
LOGGER.info(f"\n{'':>3}{'from':>18}{'n':>3}{'params':>10} {'module':<40}{'arguments':<30}")
anchors, nc, gd, gw = d['anchors'], d['nc'], d['depth_multiple'], d['width_multiple']
na = (len(anchors[0]) // 2) if isinstance(anchors, list) else anchors # number of anchors
no = na * (nc + 5) # number of outputs = anchors * (classes + 5)
layers, save, c2 = [], [], ch[-1] # layers, savelist, ch out
for i, (f, n, m, args) in enumerate(d['backbone'] + d['head']): # from, number, module, args
m_str = m
m = eval(m) if isinstance(m, str) else m # eval strings
for j, a in enumerate(args):
try:
args[j] = eval(a) if isinstance(a, str) else a # eval strings
except NameError:
pass
n = max(round(n * gd), 1) if n > 1 else n # depth gain
if m in [nn.Conv2d, Conv, Bottleneck, SPP, SPPF, DWConv, MixConv2d, Focus, CrossConv, BottleneckCSP, C3]:
c1, c2 = ch[f], args[0]
c2 = make_divisible(c2 * gw, 8) if c2 != no else c2
args = [c1, c2, *args[1:]]
if m in [BottleneckCSP, C3]:
args.insert(2, n)
n = 1
elif m is nn.BatchNorm2d:
args = [ch[f]]
elif m is Concat:
c2 = sum(ch[-1 if x == -1 else x + 1] for x in f)
elif m is Detect:
args.append([ch[x + 1] for x in f])
if isinstance(args[1], int): # number of anchors
args[1] = [list(range(args[1] * 2))] * len(f)
args.append(imgsz)
else:
c2 = ch[f]
tf_m = eval('TF' + m_str.replace('nn.', ''))
m_ = keras.Sequential([tf_m(*args, w=model.model[i][j]) for j in range(n)]) if n > 1 \
else tf_m(*args, w=model.model[i]) # module
torch_m_ = nn.Sequential(*(m(*args) for _ in range(n))) if n > 1 else m(*args) # module
t = str(m)[8:-2].replace('__main__.', '') # module type
np = sum(x.numel() for x in torch_m_.parameters()) # number params
m_.i, m_.f, m_.type, m_.np = i, f, t, np # attach index, 'from' index, type, number params
LOGGER.info(f'{i:>3}{str(f):>18}{str(n):>3}{np:>10} {t:<40}{str(args):<30}') # print
save.extend(x % i for x in ([f] if isinstance(f, int) else f) if x != -1) # append to savelist
layers.append(m_)
ch.append(c2)
return keras.Sequential(layers), sorted(save)
class TFModel:
# TF YOLOv5 model
def __init__(self, cfg='yolov5s.yaml', ch=3, nc=None, model=None, imgsz=(640, 640)): # model, channels, classes
super().__init__()
if isinstance(cfg, dict):
self.yaml = cfg # model dict
else: # is *.yaml
import yaml # for torch hub
self.yaml_file = Path(cfg).name
with open(cfg) as f:
self.yaml = yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.FullLoader) # model dict
# Define model
if nc and nc != self.yaml['nc']:
LOGGER.info(f"Overriding {cfg} nc={self.yaml['nc']} with nc={nc}")
self.yaml['nc'] = nc # override yaml value
self.model, self.savelist = parse_model(deepcopy(self.yaml), ch=[ch], model=model, imgsz=imgsz)
def predict(self,
inputs,
tf_nms=False,
agnostic_nms=False,
topk_per_class=100,
topk_all=100,
iou_thres=0.45,
conf_thres=0.25):
y = [] # outputs
x = inputs
for i, m in enumerate(self.model.layers):
if m.f != -1: # if not from previous layer
x = y[m.f] if isinstance(m.f, int) else [x if j == -1 else y[j] for j in m.f] # from earlier layers
x = m(x) # run
y.append(x if m.i in self.savelist else None) # save output
# Add TensorFlow NMS
if tf_nms:
boxes = self._xywh2xyxy(x[0][..., :4])
probs = x[0][:, :, 4:5]
classes = x[0][:, :, 5:]
scores = probs * classes
if agnostic_nms:
nms = AgnosticNMS()((boxes, classes, scores), topk_all, iou_thres, conf_thres)
return nms, x[1]
else:
boxes = tf.expand_dims(boxes, 2)
nms = tf.image.combined_non_max_suppression(boxes,
scores,
topk_per_class,
topk_all,
iou_thres,
conf_thres,
clip_boxes=False)
return nms, x[1]
return x[0] # output only first tensor [1,6300,85] = [xywh, conf, class0, class1, ...]
# x = x[0][0] # [x(1,6300,85), ...] to x(6300,85)
# xywh = x[..., :4] # x(6300,4) boxes
# conf = x[..., 4:5] # x(6300,1) confidences
# cls = tf.reshape(tf.cast(tf.argmax(x[..., 5:], axis=1), tf.float32), (-1, 1)) # x(6300,1) classes
# return tf.concat([conf, cls, xywh], 1)
@staticmethod
def _xywh2xyxy(xywh):
# Convert nx4 boxes from [x, y, w, h] to [x1, y1, x2, y2] where xy1=top-left, xy2=bottom-right
x, y, w, h = tf.split(xywh, num_or_size_splits=4, axis=-1)
return tf.concat([x - w / 2, y - h / 2, x + w / 2, y + h / 2], axis=-1)
class AgnosticNMS(keras.layers.Layer):
# TF Agnostic NMS
def call(self, input, topk_all, iou_thres, conf_thres):
# wrap map_fn to avoid TypeSpec related error https://stackoverflow.com/a/65809989/3036450
return tf.map_fn(lambda x: self._nms(x, topk_all, iou_thres, conf_thres),
input,
fn_output_signature=(tf.float32, tf.float32, tf.float32, tf.int32),
name='agnostic_nms')
@staticmethod
def _nms(x, topk_all=100, iou_thres=0.45, conf_thres=0.25): # agnostic NMS
boxes, classes, scores = x
class_inds = tf.cast(tf.argmax(classes, axis=-1), tf.float32)
scores_inp = tf.reduce_max(scores, -1)
selected_inds = tf.image.non_max_suppression(boxes,
scores_inp,
max_output_size=topk_all,
iou_threshold=iou_thres,
score_threshold=conf_thres)
selected_boxes = tf.gather(boxes, selected_inds)
padded_boxes = tf.pad(selected_boxes,
paddings=[[0, topk_all - tf.shape(selected_boxes)[0]], [0, 0]],
mode="CONSTANT",
constant_values=0.0)
selected_scores = tf.gather(scores_inp, selected_inds)
padded_scores = tf.pad(selected_scores,
paddings=[[0, topk_all - tf.shape(selected_boxes)[0]]],
mode="CONSTANT",
constant_values=-1.0)
selected_classes = tf.gather(class_inds, selected_inds)
padded_classes = tf.pad(selected_classes,
paddings=[[0, topk_all - tf.shape(selected_boxes)[0]]],
mode="CONSTANT",
constant_values=-1.0)
valid_detections = tf.shape(selected_inds)[0]
return padded_boxes, padded_scores, padded_classes, valid_detections
def representative_dataset_gen(dataset, ncalib=100):
# Representative dataset generator for use with converter.representative_dataset, returns a generator of np arrays
for n, (path, img, im0s, vid_cap, string) in enumerate(dataset):
input = np.transpose(img, [1, 2, 0])
input = np.expand_dims(input, axis=0).astype(np.float32)
input /= 255
yield [input]
if n >= ncalib:
break
def run(
weights=ROOT / 'yolov5s.pt', # weights path
imgsz=(640, 640), # inference size h,w
batch_size=1, # batch size
dynamic=False, # dynamic batch size
):
# PyTorch model
im = torch.zeros((batch_size, 3, *imgsz)) # BCHW image
model = attempt_load(weights, map_location=torch.device('cpu'), inplace=True, fuse=False)
_ = model(im) # inference
model.info()
# TensorFlow model
im = tf.zeros((batch_size, *imgsz, 3)) # BHWC image
tf_model = TFModel(cfg=model.yaml, model=model, nc=model.nc, imgsz=imgsz)
_ = tf_model.predict(im) # inference
# Keras model
im = keras.Input(shape=(*imgsz, 3), batch_size=None if dynamic else batch_size)
keras_model = keras.Model(inputs=im, outputs=tf_model.predict(im))
keras_model.summary()
LOGGER.info('PyTorch, TensorFlow and Keras models successfully verified.\nUse export.py for TF model export.')
def parse_opt():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('--weights', type=str, default=ROOT / 'yolov5s.pt', help='weights path')
parser.add_argument('--imgsz', '--img', '--img-size', nargs='+', type=int, default=[640], help='inference size h,w')
parser.add_argument('--batch-size', type=int, default=1, help='batch size')
parser.add_argument('--dynamic', action='store_true', help='dynamic batch size')
opt = parser.parse_args()
opt.imgsz *= 2 if len(opt.imgsz) == 1 else 1 # expand
print_args(vars(opt))
return opt
def main(opt):
run(**vars(opt))
if __name__ == "__main__":
opt = parse_opt()
main(opt)
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