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<h1>Chemistry Batch 08: Electrochemical Processes</h1>
<div class="navigation">
<a href="index.html">← Back to Programming Framework</a>
<a href="chemistry_index.html">← Back to Chemistry Index</a>
</div>
<div class="process-title">Process 1: Electrochemical Cell Design</div>
<div class="figure">
<div class="mermaid">
graph TD
A1[Electrode Materials] --> B1[Cell Design Method]
C1[Electrolyte Solution] --> D1[Potential Measurement]
E1[External Circuit] --> F1[Current Control]
B1 --> G1[Anode Selection]
D1 --> H1[Voltage Monitoring]
F1 --> I1[Resistance Optimization]
G1 --> J1[Oxidation Potential]
H1 --> K1[Cell Voltage]
I1 --> L1[Current Density]
J1 --> M1[Electron Release]
K1 --> L1
L1 --> N1[Charge Transfer]
M1 --> O1[Ion Migration]
N1 --> P1[Electrochemical Reaction]
O1 --> Q1[Cell Performance]
P1 --> R1[Product Formation]
Q1 --> S1[Efficiency Calculation]
R1 --> T1[Reaction Products]
S1 --> U1[Performance Metrics]
T1 --> V1[Yield Analysis]
U1 --> W1[Optimization Parameters]
V1 --> X1[Process Validation]
W1 --> Y1[Design Refinement]
X1 --> Z1[Final Cell Configuration]
Y1 --> Z1
style A1 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style C1 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style E1 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style B1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style D1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style F1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style G1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style H1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style I1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style J1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style K1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style L1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style M1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style N1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style O1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style P1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style Q1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style R1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style S1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style T1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style U1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style V1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style W1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style X1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style Y1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style Z1 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff
</div>
<div class="figure-caption">
<strong>Figure 1.</strong> Electrochemical cell design process showing systematic approach to electrode selection, electrolyte optimization, and performance evaluation.
</div>
</div>
<div class="process-title">Process 2: Battery Chemistry</div>
<div class="figure">
<div class="mermaid">
graph TD
A2[Lithium Ions] --> B2[Battery Design Method]
C2[Electrode Materials] --> D2[Electrolyte Selection]
E2[Separator Membrane] --> F2[Cell Assembly]
B2 --> G2[Anode Material]
D2 --> H2[Ion Conductivity]
F2 --> I2[Safety Features]
G2 --> J2[Lithium Storage]
H2 --> K2[Ion Transport]
I2 --> L2[Thermal Management]
J2 --> M2[Intercalation Process]
K2 --> L2
L2 --> N2[Charge Transfer]
M2 --> O2[Electron Flow]
N2 --> P2[Electrochemical Reaction]
O2 --> Q2[Energy Storage]
P2 --> R2[Voltage Generation]
Q2 --> S2[Capacity Measurement]
R2 --> T2[Power Output]
S2 --> U2[Performance Testing]
T2 --> V2[Cycle Life Analysis]
U2 --> W2[Efficiency Calculation]
V2 --> X2[Degradation Study]
W2 --> Y2[Optimization Process]
X2 --> Z2[Final Battery Design]
Y2 --> Z2
style A2 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style C2 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style E2 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style B2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style D2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style F2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style G2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style H2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style I2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style J2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style K2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style L2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style M2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style N2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style O2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style P2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style Q2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style R2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style S2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style T2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style U2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style V2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style W2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style X2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style Y2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style Z2 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff
</div>
<div class="figure-caption">
<strong>Figure 2.</strong> Battery chemistry process illustrating lithium-ion battery design, assembly, and performance optimization.
</div>
</div>
<div class="process-title">Process 3: Corrosion Mechanisms</div>
<div class="figure">
<div class="mermaid">
graph TD
A3[Metal Surface] --> B3[Corrosion Analysis Method]
C3[Oxygen Molecules] --> D3[Moisture Content]
E3[Electrolyte Solution] --> F3[Environmental Factors]
B3 --> G3[Surface Characterization]
D3 --> H3[Humidity Control]
F3 --> I3[Temperature Monitoring]
G3 --> J3[Oxidation Sites]
H3 --> K3[Water Adsorption]
I3 --> L3[Corrosion Rate]
J3 --> M3[Electron Transfer]
K3 --> L3
L3 --> N3[Ion Formation]
M3 --> O3[Oxide Formation]
N3 --> P3[Corrosion Reaction]
O3 --> Q3[Surface Degradation]
P3 --> R3[Rust Formation]
Q3 --> S3[Protective Coating]
R3 --> T3[Corrosion Products]
S3 --> U3[Inhibition Methods]
T3 --> V3[Prevention Strategies]
U3 --> W3[Coating Application]
V3 --> X3[Performance Evaluation]
W3 --> Y3[Protection Mechanism]
X3 --> Z3[Corrosion Prevention]
Y3 --> Z3
style A3 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style C3 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style E3 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style B3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style D3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style F3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style G3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style H3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style I3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style J3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style K3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style L3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style M3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style N3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style O3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style P3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style Q3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style R3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style S3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style T3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style U3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style V3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style W3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style X3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style Y3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style Z3 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff
</div>
<div class="figure-caption">
<strong>Figure 3.</strong> Corrosion mechanisms process showing oxidation, rust formation, and protective coating strategies.
</div>
</div>
<div class="process-title">Process 4: Electroplating</div>
<div class="figure">
<div class="mermaid">
graph TD
A4[Metal Ions] --> B4[Electroplating Method]
C4[Substrate Surface] --> D4[Electrolyte Bath]
E4[Power Supply] --> F4[Current Control]
B4 --> G4[Surface Preparation]
D4 --> H4[Solution Composition]
F4 --> I4[Voltage Regulation]
G4 --> J4[Cleaning Process]
H4 --> K4[Concentration Control]
I4 --> L4[Current Density]
J4 --> M4[Surface Activation]
K4 --> L4
L4 --> N4[Ion Migration]
M4 --> O4[Nucleation Sites]
N4 --> P4[Electrodeposition]
O4 --> Q4[Film Growth]
P4 --> R4[Metal Deposition]
Q4 --> S4[Thickness Control]
R4 --> T4[Coating Formation]
S4 --> U4[Quality Assessment]
T4 --> V4[Adhesion Testing]
U4 --> W4[Surface Analysis]
V4 --> X4[Performance Evaluation]
W4 --> Y4[Process Optimization]
X4 --> Z4[Final Coating]
Y4 --> Z4
style A4 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style C4 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style E4 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style B4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style D4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style F4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style G4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style H4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style I4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style J4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style K4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style L4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style M4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style N4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style O4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style P4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style Q4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style R4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style S4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style T4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style U4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style V4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style W4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style X4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style Y4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style Z4 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff
</div>
<div class="figure-caption">
<strong>Figure 4.</strong> Electroplating process showing metal ion deposition, surface preparation, and coating quality control.
</div>
</div>
<div class="process-title">Process 5: Electrolysis</div>
<div class="figure">
<div class="mermaid">
graph TD
A5[Electrolyte Solution] --> B5[Electrolysis Method]
C5[Electrodes] --> D5[Power Source]
E5[Reaction Vessel] --> F5[Temperature Control]
B5 --> G5[Solution Preparation]
D5 --> H5[Voltage Application]
F5 --> I5[Heat Management]
G5 --> J5[Concentration Setup]
H5 --> K5[Current Flow]
I5 --> L5[Thermal Regulation]
J5 --> M5[Ion Separation]
K5 --> L5
L5 --> N5[Electrochemical Reaction]
M5 --> O5[Oxidation Process]
N5 --> P5[Reduction Process]
O5 --> Q5[Gas Evolution]
P5 --> R5[Product Formation]
Q5 --> S5[Collection System]
R5 --> T5[Separation Process]
S5 --> U5[Gas Purification]
T5 --> V5[Product Recovery]
U5 --> W5[Quality Control]
V5 --> X5[Yield Calculation]
W5 --> Y5[Process Optimization]
X5 --> Z5[Final Products]
Y5 --> Z5
style A5 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style C5 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style E5 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style B5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style D5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style F5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style G5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style H5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style I5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style J5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style K5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style L5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style M5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style N5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style O5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style P5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style Q5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style R5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style S5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
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style V5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style W5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style X5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style Y5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style Z5 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff
</div>
<div class="figure-caption">
<strong>Figure 5.</strong> Electrolysis process showing water splitting, gas evolution, and product separation.
</div>
</div>
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<a href="index.html">← Back to Programming Framework</a>
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<p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;"><strong>Gary Welz</strong></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;">Retired Faculty Member</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;">John Jay College, CUNY (Department of Mathematics and Computer Science)</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;">Borough of Manhattan Community College, CUNY</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;">CUNY Graduate Center (New Media Lab)</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;">Email: gwelz@jjay.cuny.edu</p>
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