Spaces:
Sleeping
Sleeping
# debug | |
[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/visionmedia/debug.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/visionmedia/debug) [![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/github/visionmedia/debug/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://coveralls.io/github/visionmedia/debug?branch=master) [![Slack](https://visionmedia-community-slackin.now.sh/badge.svg)](https://visionmedia-community-slackin.now.sh/) [![OpenCollective](https://opencollective.com/debug/backers/badge.svg)](#backers) | |
[![OpenCollective](https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsors/badge.svg)](#sponsors) | |
A tiny node.js debugging utility modelled after node core's debugging technique. | |
**Discussion around the V3 API is under way [here](https://github.com/visionmedia/debug/issues/370)** | |
## Installation | |
```bash | |
$ npm install debug | |
``` | |
## Usage | |
`debug` exposes a function; simply pass this function the name of your module, and it will return a decorated version of `console.error` for you to pass debug statements to. This will allow you to toggle the debug output for different parts of your module as well as the module as a whole. | |
Example _app.js_: | |
```js | |
var debug = require('debug')('http') | |
, http = require('http') | |
, name = 'My App'; | |
// fake app | |
debug('booting %s', name); | |
http.createServer(function(req, res){ | |
debug(req.method + ' ' + req.url); | |
res.end('hello\n'); | |
}).listen(3000, function(){ | |
debug('listening'); | |
}); | |
// fake worker of some kind | |
require('./worker'); | |
``` | |
Example _worker.js_: | |
```js | |
var debug = require('debug')('worker'); | |
setInterval(function(){ | |
debug('doing some work'); | |
}, 1000); | |
``` | |
The __DEBUG__ environment variable is then used to enable these based on space or comma-delimited names. Here are some examples: | |
![debug http and worker](http://f.cl.ly/items/18471z1H402O24072r1J/Screenshot.png) | |
![debug worker](http://f.cl.ly/items/1X413v1a3M0d3C2c1E0i/Screenshot.png) | |
#### Windows note | |
On Windows the environment variable is set using the `set` command. | |
```cmd | |
set DEBUG=*,-not_this | |
``` | |
Note that PowerShell uses different syntax to set environment variables. | |
```cmd | |
$env:DEBUG = "*,-not_this" | |
``` | |
Then, run the program to be debugged as usual. | |
## Millisecond diff | |
When actively developing an application it can be useful to see when the time spent between one `debug()` call and the next. Suppose for example you invoke `debug()` before requesting a resource, and after as well, the "+NNNms" will show you how much time was spent between calls. | |
![](http://f.cl.ly/items/2i3h1d3t121M2Z1A3Q0N/Screenshot.png) | |
When stdout is not a TTY, `Date#toUTCString()` is used, making it more useful for logging the debug information as shown below: | |
![](http://f.cl.ly/items/112H3i0e0o0P0a2Q2r11/Screenshot.png) | |
## Conventions | |
If you're using this in one or more of your libraries, you _should_ use the name of your library so that developers may toggle debugging as desired without guessing names. If you have more than one debuggers you _should_ prefix them with your library name and use ":" to separate features. For example "bodyParser" from Connect would then be "connect:bodyParser". | |
## Wildcards | |
The `*` character may be used as a wildcard. Suppose for example your library has debuggers named "connect:bodyParser", "connect:compress", "connect:session", instead of listing all three with `DEBUG=connect:bodyParser,connect:compress,connect:session`, you may simply do `DEBUG=connect:*`, or to run everything using this module simply use `DEBUG=*`. | |
You can also exclude specific debuggers by prefixing them with a "-" character. For example, `DEBUG=*,-connect:*` would include all debuggers except those starting with "connect:". | |
## Environment Variables | |
When running through Node.js, you can set a few environment variables that will | |
change the behavior of the debug logging: | |
| Name | Purpose | | |
|-----------|-------------------------------------------------| | |
| `DEBUG` | Enables/disables specific debugging namespaces. | | |
| `DEBUG_COLORS`| Whether or not to use colors in the debug output. | | |
| `DEBUG_DEPTH` | Object inspection depth. | | |
| `DEBUG_SHOW_HIDDEN` | Shows hidden properties on inspected objects. | | |
__Note:__ The environment variables beginning with `DEBUG_` end up being | |
converted into an Options object that gets used with `%o`/`%O` formatters. | |
See the Node.js documentation for | |
[`util.inspect()`](https://nodejs.org/api/util.html#util_util_inspect_object_options) | |
for the complete list. | |
## Formatters | |
Debug uses [printf-style](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Printf_format_string) formatting. Below are the officially supported formatters: | |
| Formatter | Representation | | |
|-----------|----------------| | |
| `%O` | Pretty-print an Object on multiple lines. | | |
| `%o` | Pretty-print an Object all on a single line. | | |
| `%s` | String. | | |
| `%d` | Number (both integer and float). | | |
| `%j` | JSON. Replaced with the string '[Circular]' if the argument contains circular references. | | |
| `%%` | Single percent sign ('%'). This does not consume an argument. | | |
### Custom formatters | |
You can add custom formatters by extending the `debug.formatters` object. For example, if you wanted to add support for rendering a Buffer as hex with `%h`, you could do something like: | |
```js | |
const createDebug = require('debug') | |
createDebug.formatters.h = (v) => { | |
return v.toString('hex') | |
} | |
// …elsewhere | |
const debug = createDebug('foo') | |
debug('this is hex: %h', new Buffer('hello world')) | |
// foo this is hex: 68656c6c6f20776f726c6421 +0ms | |
``` | |
## Browser support | |
You can build a browser-ready script using [browserify](https://github.com/substack/node-browserify), | |
or just use the [browserify-as-a-service](https://wzrd.in/) [build](https://wzrd.in/standalone/debug@latest), | |
if you don't want to build it yourself. | |
Debug's enable state is currently persisted by `localStorage`. | |
Consider the situation shown below where you have `worker:a` and `worker:b`, | |
and wish to debug both. You can enable this using `localStorage.debug`: | |
```js | |
localStorage.debug = 'worker:*' | |
``` | |
And then refresh the page. | |
```js | |
a = debug('worker:a'); | |
b = debug('worker:b'); | |
setInterval(function(){ | |
a('doing some work'); | |
}, 1000); | |
setInterval(function(){ | |
b('doing some work'); | |
}, 1200); | |
``` | |
#### Web Inspector Colors | |
Colors are also enabled on "Web Inspectors" that understand the `%c` formatting | |
option. These are WebKit web inspectors, Firefox ([since version | |
31](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2014/05/editable-box-model-multiple-selection-sublime-text-keys-much-more-firefox-developer-tools-episode-31/)) | |
and the Firebug plugin for Firefox (any version). | |
Colored output looks something like: | |
![](https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/71256/3139768/b98c5fd8-e8ef-11e3-862a-f7253b6f47c6.png) | |
## Output streams | |
By default `debug` will log to stderr, however this can be configured per-namespace by overriding the `log` method: | |
Example _stdout.js_: | |
```js | |
var debug = require('debug'); | |
var error = debug('app:error'); | |
// by default stderr is used | |
error('goes to stderr!'); | |
var log = debug('app:log'); | |
// set this namespace to log via console.log | |
log.log = console.log.bind(console); // don't forget to bind to console! | |
log('goes to stdout'); | |
error('still goes to stderr!'); | |
// set all output to go via console.info | |
// overrides all per-namespace log settings | |
debug.log = console.info.bind(console); | |
error('now goes to stdout via console.info'); | |
log('still goes to stdout, but via console.info now'); | |
``` | |
## Authors | |
- TJ Holowaychuk | |
- Nathan Rajlich | |
- Andrew Rhyne | |
## Backers | |
Support us with a monthly donation and help us continue our activities. [[Become a backer](https://opencollective.com/debug#backer)] | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/0/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/0/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/1/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/1/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/2/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/2/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/3/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/3/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/4/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/4/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/5/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/5/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/6/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/6/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/7/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/7/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/8/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/8/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/9/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/9/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/10/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/10/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/11/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/11/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/12/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/12/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/13/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/13/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/14/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/14/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/15/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/15/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/16/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/16/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/17/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/17/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/18/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/18/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/19/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/19/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/20/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/20/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/21/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/21/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/22/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/22/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/23/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/23/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/24/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/24/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/25/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/25/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/26/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/26/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/27/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/27/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/28/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/28/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/29/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/29/avatar.svg"></a> | |
## Sponsors | |
Become a sponsor and get your logo on our README on Github with a link to your site. [[Become a sponsor](https://opencollective.com/debug#sponsor)] | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/0/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/0/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/1/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/1/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/2/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/2/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/3/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/3/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/4/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/4/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/5/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/5/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/6/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/6/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/7/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/7/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/8/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/8/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/9/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/9/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/10/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/10/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/11/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/11/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/12/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/12/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/13/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/13/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/14/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/14/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/15/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/15/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/16/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/16/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/17/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/17/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/18/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/18/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/19/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/19/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/20/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/20/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/21/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/21/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/22/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/22/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/23/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/23/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/24/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/24/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/25/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/25/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/26/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/26/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/27/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/27/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/28/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/28/avatar.svg"></a> | |
<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/29/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/29/avatar.svg"></a> | |
## License | |
(The MIT License) | |
Copyright (c) 2014-2016 TJ Holowaychuk <tj@vision-media.ca> | |
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining | |
a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the | |
'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including | |
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, | |
distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to | |
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to | |
the following conditions: | |
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be | |
included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. | |
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, | |
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF | |
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. | |
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY | |
CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, | |
TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE | |
SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. | |