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---
language: ml
datasets:
- Indic TTS Malayalam Speech Corpus
- Openslr Malayalam Speech Corpus
- SMC Malayalam Speech Corpus
- IIIT-H Indic Speech Databases
metrics:
- wer
tags:
- audio
- automatic-speech-recognition
- speech
- xlsr-fine-tuning-week
license: apache-2.0
model-index:
- name: Malayalam XLSR Wav2Vec2 Large 53
results:
- task:
name: Speech Recognition
type: automatic-speech-recognition
dataset:
name: Test split of combined dataset using all datasets mentioned above
type: custom
args: ml
metrics:
- name: Test WER
type: wer
value: 28.43
---
# Wav2Vec2-Large-XLSR-53-ml
Fine-tuned [facebook/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-53](https://huggingface.co/facebook/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-53) on ml using the [Indic TTS Malayalam Speech Corpus (via Kaggle)](https://www.kaggle.com/kavyamanohar/indic-tts-malayalam-speech-corpus), [Openslr Malayalam Speech Corpus](http://openslr.org/63/), [SMC Malayalam Speech Corpus](https://blog.smc.org.in/malayalam-speech-corpus/) and [IIIT-H Indic Speech Databases](http://speech.iiit.ac.in/index.php/research-svl/69.html).
When using this model, make sure that your speech input is sampled at 16kHz.
## Usage
The model can be used directly (without a language model) as follows:
```python
import torch
import torchaudio
from datasets import load_dataset
from transformers import Wav2Vec2ForCTC, Wav2Vec2Processor
test_dataset = <load-test-split-of-combined-dataset> # Details on loading this dataset in the evaluation section
processor = Wav2Vec2Processor.from_pretrained("gvs/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-malayalam")
model = Wav2Vec2ForCTC.from_pretrained("gvs/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-malayalam")
resampler = torchaudio.transforms.Resample(48_000, 16_000)
# Preprocessing the datasets.
# We need to read the audio files as arrays
def speech_file_to_array_fn(batch):
speech_array, sampling_rate = torchaudio.load(batch["path"])
batch["speech"] = resampler(speech_array).squeeze().numpy()
return batch
test_dataset = test_dataset.map(speech_file_to_array_fn)
inputs = processor(test_dataset["speech"][:2], sampling_rate=16_000, return_tensors="pt", padding=True)
with torch.no_grad():
logits = model(inputs.input_values, attention_mask=inputs.attention_mask).logits
predicted_ids = torch.argmax(logits, dim=-1)
print("Prediction:", processor.batch_decode(predicted_ids))
print("Reference:", test_dataset["sentence"])
```
## Evaluation
The model can be evaluated as follows on the test data of combined custom dataset. For more details on dataset preparation, check the notebooks mentioned at the end of this file.
```python
import torch
import torchaudio
from datasets import load_dataset, load_metric
from transformers import Wav2Vec2ForCTC, Wav2Vec2Processor
import re
from datasets import load_dataset, load_metric
from pathlib import Path
# The custom dataset needs to be created using notebook mentioned at the end of this file
data_dir = Path('<path-to-custom-dataset>')
dataset_folders = {
'iiit': 'iiit_mal_abi',
'openslr': 'openslr',
'indic-tts': 'indic-tts-ml',
'msc-reviewed': 'msc-reviewed-speech-v1.0+20200825',
}
# Set directories for datasets
openslr_male_dir = data_dir / dataset_folders['openslr'] / 'male'
openslr_female_dir = data_dir / dataset_folders['openslr'] / 'female'
iiit_dir = data_dir / dataset_folders['iiit']
indic_tts_male_dir = data_dir / dataset_folders['indic-tts'] / 'male'
indic_tts_female_dir = data_dir / dataset_folders['indic-tts'] / 'female'
msc_reviewed_dir = data_dir / dataset_folders['msc-reviewed']
# Load the datasets
openslr_male = load_dataset("json", data_files=[f"{str(openslr_male_dir.absolute())}/sample_{i}.json" for i in range(2023)], split="train")
openslr_female = load_dataset("json", data_files=[f"{str(openslr_female_dir.absolute())}/sample_{i}.json" for i in range(2103)], split="train")
iiit = load_dataset("json", data_files=[f"{str(iiit_dir.absolute())}/sample_{i}.json" for i in range(1000)], split="train")
indic_tts_male = load_dataset("json", data_files=[f"{str(indic_tts_male_dir.absolute())}/sample_{i}.json" for i in range(5649)], split="train")
indic_tts_female = load_dataset("json", data_files=[f"{str(indic_tts_female_dir.absolute())}/sample_{i}.json" for i in range(2950)], split="train")
msc_reviewed = load_dataset("json", data_files=[f"{str(msc_reviewed_dir.absolute())}/sample_{i}.json" for i in range(1541)], split="train")
# Create test split as 20%, set random seed as well.
test_size = 0.2
random_seed=1
openslr_male_splits = openslr_male.train_test_split(test_size=test_size, seed=random_seed)
openslr_female_splits = openslr_female.train_test_split(test_size=test_size, seed=random_seed)
iiit_splits = iiit.train_test_split(test_size=test_size, seed=random_seed)
indic_tts_male_splits = indic_tts_male.train_test_split(test_size=test_size, seed=random_seed)
indic_tts_female_splits = indic_tts_female.train_test_split(test_size=test_size, seed=random_seed)
msc_reviewed_splits = msc_reviewed.train_test_split(test_size=test_size, seed=random_seed)
# Get combined test dataset
split_list = [openslr_male_splits, openslr_female_splits, indic_tts_male_splits, indic_tts_female_splits, msc_reviewed_splits, iiit_splits]
test_dataset = datasets.concatenate_datasets([split['test'] for split in split_list)
wer = load_metric("wer")
processor = Wav2Vec2Processor.from_pretrained("gvs/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-malayalam")
model = Wav2Vec2ForCTC.from_pretrained("gvs/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-malayalam")
model.to("cuda")
resamplers = {
48000: torchaudio.transforms.Resample(48_000, 16_000),
}
chars_to_ignore_regex = '[\,\?\.\!\-\;\:\"\“\%\‘\”\�Utrnle\_]'
unicode_ignore_regex = r'[\u200e]'
# Preprocessing the datasets.
# We need to read the audio files as arrays
def speech_file_to_array_fn(batch):
batch["sentence"] = re.sub(chars_to_ignore_regex, '', batch["sentence"])
batch["sentence"] = re.sub(unicode_ignore_regex, '', batch["sentence"])
speech_array, sampling_rate = torchaudio.load(batch["path"])
# Resample if its not in 16kHz
if sampling_rate != 16000:
batch["speech"] = resamplers[sampling_rate](speech_array).squeeze().numpy()
else:
batch["speech"] = speech_array.squeeze().numpy()
# If more than one dimension is present, pick first one
if batch["speech"].ndim > 1:
batch["speech"] = batch["speech"][0]
return batch
test_dataset = test_dataset.map(speech_file_to_array_fn)
# Preprocessing the datasets.
# We need to read the audio files as arrays
def evaluate(batch):
inputs = processor(batch["speech"], sampling_rate=16_000, return_tensors="pt", padding=True)
with torch.no_grad():
logits = model(inputs.input_values.to("cuda"), attention_mask=inputs.attention_mask.to("cuda")).logits
pred_ids = torch.argmax(logits, dim=-1)
batch["pred_strings"] = processor.batch_decode(pred_ids)
return batch
result = test_dataset.map(evaluate, batched=True, batch_size=8)
print("WER: {:2f}".format(100 * wer.compute(predictions=result["pred_strings"], references=result["sentence"])))
```
**Test Result (WER)**: 28.43 %
## Training
A combined dataset was created using [Indic TTS Malayalam Speech Corpus (via Kaggle)](https://www.kaggle.com/kavyamanohar/indic-tts-malayalam-speech-corpus), [Openslr Malayalam Speech Corpus](http://openslr.org/63/), [SMC Malayalam Speech Corpus](https://blog.smc.org.in/malayalam-speech-corpus/) and [IIIT-H Indic Speech Databases](http://speech.iiit.ac.in/index.php/research-svl/69.html). The datasets were downloaded and was converted to HF Dataset format using [this notebook](https://github.com/gauthamsuresh09/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-53-malayalam/blob/main/make_hf_dataset.ipynb)
The notebook used for training and evaluation can be found [here](https://github.com/gauthamsuresh09/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-53-malayalam/blob/main/fine-tune-xlsr-wav2vec2-on-malayalam-asr-with-transformers.ipynb) |