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Q2841
what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions
Democracy
While theoretically these definitions are in opposition, in practice the distinction has been blurred historically.
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Q2841
what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions
Democracy
The political system of Classical Athens, for example, granted democratic citizenship to an elite class of free men and excluded slaves and women from political participation.
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Q2841
what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions
Democracy
In virtually all democratic governments throughout ancient and modern history, democratic citizenship consisted of an elite class until full enfranchisement was won for all adult citizens in most modern democracies through the suffrage movements of the 19th and 20th centuries.
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Q2841
what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions
Democracy
The English word dates to the 16th century, from the older Middle French and Middle Latin equivalents.
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Q2841
what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions
Democracy
A democratic government contrasts to forms of government where power is either held by one, as in a monarchy , or where power is held by a small number of individuals, as in an oligarchy .
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Q2841
what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions
Democracy
Nevertheless, these oppositions, inherited from Greek philosophy, are now ambiguous because contemporary governments have mixed democratic, oligarchic, and monarchic elements.
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Q2841
what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions
Democracy
Karl Popper defined democracy in contrast to dictatorship or tyranny, thus focusing on opportunities for the people to control their leaders and to oust them without the need for a revolution .
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Q2841
what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions
Democracy
Several variants of democracy exist, but there are two basic forms, both of which concern how the whole body of all eligible citizens executes its will.
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Q2841
what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions
Democracy
One form of democracy is direct democracy , in which all eligible citizens have direct and active participation in the decision making of the government.
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Q2841
what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions
Democracy
In most modern democracies, the whole body of all eligible citizens remain the sovereign power but political power is exercised indirectly through elected representatives; this is called representative democracy .
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Q2841
what is the type of democracy in which all citizens have the right to make government decisions
Democracy
The concept of representative democracy arose largely from ideas and institutions that developed during the European Middle Ages , the Age of Enlightenment , and the American and French Revolutions .
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Q2842
who is the new bell what is the only european
Nobel Prize
For more information on the distinct origin of the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, see Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
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Q2842
who is the new bell what is the only european
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prize (, Swedish definite form, singular: Nobelpriset; Norwegian : Nobelprisen) is a set of annual international awards bestowed in a number of categories by Scandinavian committees in recognition of cultural and/or scientific advances.
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Q2842
who is the new bell what is the only european
Nobel Prize
The will of the Swedish philanthropist inventor Alfred Nobel established the prizes in 1895.
00
Q2842
who is the new bell what is the only european
Nobel Prize
The prizes in Physics , Chemistry , Physiology or Medicine , Literature , and Peace were first awarded in 1901.
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Q2842
who is the new bell what is the only european
Nobel Prize
The Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo , Norway, while the other prizes are awarded in Stockholm , Sweden.
00
Q2842
who is the new bell what is the only european
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prize is widely regarded as the most prestigious award available in the fields of literature, medicine, physics, chemistry, peace, and economics.
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Q2842
who is the new bell what is the only european
Nobel Prize
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Nobel Prize in Physics, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences; the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet awards the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine; the Swedish Academy grants the Nobel Prize in Literature; and the Nobel Peace Prize is not awarded by a Swedish organisation but by the Norwegian Nobel Committee .
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Q2842
who is the new bell what is the only european
Nobel Prize
The various prizes are awarded yearly.
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Q2842
who is the new bell what is the only european
Nobel Prize
Each recipient, or laureate, receives a gold medal, a diploma and a sum of money, which is decided by the Nobel Foundation .
00
Q2842
who is the new bell what is the only european
Nobel Prize
, each prize was worth 8 million SEK (c. , €0.93 million).
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Q2842
who is the new bell what is the only european
Nobel Prize
The prize is not awarded posthumously; however, if a person is awarded a prize and dies before receiving it, the prize may still be presented.
00
Q2842
who is the new bell what is the only european
Nobel Prize
Though the average number of laureates per prize increased substantially during the 20th century, a prize may not be shared among more than three people.
00
Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
Transformers: Dark of the Moon is a 2011 American science fiction action film based on the Transformers toy line .
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Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
First released on June 23, 2011, it is the third installment of the live-action Transformers film series .
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Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
Like its predecessors, Transformers and , Transformers: Dark of the Moon is directed by Michael Bay and produced by Steven Spielberg .
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Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
The film's story is set three years after the events of the second film, with the Autobots , during their collaboration with the NEST (Networked Elements: Supporters and Transformers) military force, discovering a hidden alien technology in possession of humans, which had been found by Apollo 11 on the Moon 42 years earlier.
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Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
However, the Decepticons unveil a plan to use the technology to enslave humanity in order to bring back Cybertron , the home planet of the Transformers.
00
Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
Shia LaBeouf , Josh Duhamel , Tyrese Gibson , and John Turturro reprised their starring roles, with Peter Cullen and Hugo Weaving returning as the voices of Optimus Prime and Megatron , and Kevin Dunn and Julie White reprising their roles as the parents of the protagonist, Sam Witwicky.
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Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
English model Rosie Huntington-Whiteley replaced Megan Fox as the lead female character; the cast also saw the additions of Patrick Dempsey , John Malkovich , Ken Jeong , and Frances McDormand .
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Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
The film also welcomed Keith Szarabajka , Ron Bottitta , John DiMaggio , George Coe , Francesco Quinn , James Remar , Greg Berg , and veteran science-fiction actor Leonard Nimoy to the voice cast.
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Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
The script was written by Ehren Kruger , who also collaborated on the narrative of the second film of the series.
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Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
Dark of the Moon employed both regular 35mm film cameras and specially-developed 3-D cameras, with filming locations in Chicago , Florida , Indiana , Moscow , and Washington, D.C. .
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Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
The film was rendered specifically for 3-D, and the visual effects involved more complex robots which took longer to render.
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Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
In May 2011, it was announced that Paramount Pictures would move Transformers: Dark of the Moon release date of July 1 to June 29 in order to monitor an early response to footage.
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Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
Exclusive early premieres in select 3-D and IMAX theaters took place June 28, 2011, one night before worldwide release in 2-D and 3-D (including IMAX 3D ) formats—each featuring Dolby Surround 7.1 sound.
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Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
Critical reception of the film was mixed to negative, with several critics calling it better than Revenge of the Fallen and praising the film's visuals and 3-D action sequences, but criticizing its writing, acting, and length.
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Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
Dark of the Moon grossed US$1 .12 billion worldwide, and is currently the fifth-highest-grossing film of all time , the second-highest-grossing film of 2011 (behind Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 ), the highest-grossing film in the Transformers series, and the tenth film to gross over $1 billion.
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Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
Like the first film, it was nominated for Best Visual Effects , Best Sound Editing and Best Sound Mixing at the 84th Academy Awards .
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Q2843
Who is the transformers in transformers 3
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
A sequel to the film, directed once again by Michael Bay, is scheduled for release on June 27, 2014.
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Q2848
where was the first real roller coaster
roller coaster
The Scenic Railway at Luna Park, Melbourne , is the world's oldest continually-operating roller coaster, built in 1912.
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Q2848
where was the first real roller coaster
roller coaster
Video from inside a roller coaster car (Xpress, Walibi Holland , The Netherlands )
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Q2848
where was the first real roller coaster
roller coaster
The roller coaster is a popular amusement ride developed for amusement parks and modern theme parks .
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Q2848
where was the first real roller coaster
roller coaster
LaMarcus Adna Thompson obtained a patent regarding roller coasters on January 20, 1885, which were made out of wood , but this patent is considerably later than the "Russian mountains" described below.
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Q2848
where was the first real roller coaster
roller coaster
In essence a specialized railroad system, a roller coaster consists of a track that rises in designed patterns , sometimes with one or more inversions (such as vertical loops ) that briefly turn the rider upside down.
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Q2848
where was the first real roller coaster
roller coaster
The track does not necessarily have to be a complete circuit, as shuttle roller coasters demonstrate.
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Q2848
where was the first real roller coaster
roller coaster
Most roller coasters have multiple cars in which passengers sit and are restrained.
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Q2848
where was the first real roller coaster
roller coaster
Two or more cars hooked together are called a train .
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Q2848
where was the first real roller coaster
roller coaster
Some roller coasters, notably wild mouse roller coasters , run with single cars.
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Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963), often referred to by his initials JFK, was the 35th President of the United States , serving from 1961 until his death in 1963.
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Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
After military service as commander of the Motor Torpedo Boats PT-109 and PT-59 during World War II in the South Pacific , Kennedy represented Massachusetts' 11th congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1947 to 1953 as a Democrat .
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Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
Thereafter, he served in the U.S. Senate from 1953 until 1960.
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Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
Kennedy defeated Vice President and Republican candidate Richard Nixon in the 1960 U.S. presidential election .
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Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
At 43 years of age, he is the youngest to have been elected to the office, the second-youngest President (after Theodore Roosevelt ), and the first person born in the 20th century to serve as president.
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Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
A Catholic , Kennedy is the only non- Protestant president, and is the only president to have won a Pulitzer Prize .
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Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
Events during his presidency included the Bay of Pigs Invasion , the Cuban Missile Crisis , the building of the Berlin Wall , the Space Race , the African-American Civil Rights Movement , and early stages of the Vietnam War .
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Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
Therein, Kennedy increased the number of military advisers, special operation forces, and helicopters in an effort to curb the spread of communism in South East Asia.
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Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
The Kennedy administration adopted the policy of the Strategic Hamlet Program which was implemented by the South Vietnamese government.
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Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
It involved certain forced relocation, village internment, and segregation of rural South Vietnamese from the northern and southern communist insurgents.
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Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
Kennedy was assassinated on November 22, 1963 in Dallas , Texas.
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Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
Lee Harvey Oswald was charged with the crime, but he was shot and killed by Jack Ruby two days later, before a trial could take place.
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Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
The FBI and the Warren Commission officially concluded that Oswald was the lone assassin.
00
Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
However, the United States House Select Committee on Assassinations (HSCA) concluded that those investigations were flawed and that Kennedy was probably assassinated as the result of a conspiracy .
00
Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
However, ABC News in their investigation, The Kennedy Assassination: Beyond Conspiracy, confirmed the findings of the Warren Commission; having concluded Oswald acted alone.
00
Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
Kennedy's controversial Department of Defense TFX fighter bomber program led to a Congressional investigation that lasted from 1963 to 1970.
00
Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
Since the 1960s information concerning Kennedy's private life has come to light.
00
Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
Details of Kennedy's health problems in which he struggled have become better known, especially since the 1990s.
00
Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
Although initially kept secret from the general public, reports of Kennedy's philandering have garnered much press.
00
Q2859
where was john f kennedy born
John F. Kennedy
Kennedy ranks highly in public opinion ratings of U.S. presidents .
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Q2860
what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick
Bowers v. Hardwick
Bowers v. Hardwick, , is a United States Supreme Court decision, overturned in 2003, that upheld, in a 5-4 ruling, the constitutionality of a Georgia sodomy law criminalizing oral and anal sex in private between consenting adults when applied to homosexuals.
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Q2860
what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick
Bowers v. Hardwick
The majority opinion, written by Justice Byron White , argued that the Constitution did not confer "a fundamental right to engage in homosexual sodomy."
00
Q2860
what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick
Bowers v. Hardwick
A concurring opinion by Chief Justice Warren E. Burger cited the "ancient roots" of prohibitions against homosexual sex, quoting William Blackstone 's description of homosexual sex as an "infamous crime against nature", worse than rape, and "a crime not fit to be named."
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Q2860
what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick
Bowers v. Hardwick
Burger concluded: "To hold that the act of homosexual sodomy is somehow protected as a fundamental right would be to cast aside millennia of moral teaching."
00
Q2860
what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick
Bowers v. Hardwick
Justice Lewis F. Powell later said he regretted joining the majority, but thought the case of little importance at the time.
00
Q2860
what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick
Bowers v. Hardwick
The dissent, authored by Harry Blackmun , framed the issue as revolving around the right to privacy.
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Q2860
what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick
Bowers v. Hardwick
Blackmun's dissent accused the Court of an "almost obsessive focus on homosexual activity" and an "overall refusal to consider the broad principles that have informed our treatment of privacy in specific cases."
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Q2860
what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick
Bowers v. Hardwick
In response to invocations of religious taboos against homosexuality, Blackmun wrote: "That certain, but by no means all, religious groups condemn the behavior at issue gives the State no license to impose their judgments on the entire citizenry.
00
Q2860
what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick
Bowers v. Hardwick
The legitimacy of secular legislation depends, instead, on whether the State can advance some justification for its law beyond its conformity to religious doctrine."
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Q2860
what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick
Bowers v. Hardwick
Seventeen years after Bowers v. Hardwick, the Supreme Court directly overruled its decision in Lawrence v. Texas , 539 U.S. 558 (2003), and held that anti-sodomy laws are unconstitutional.
00
Q2860
what was the majority rule in the case Bowers v. Hardwick
Bowers v. Hardwick
In overruling Bowers v. Hardwick, the Court stated that "Bowers was not correct when it was decided, and it is not correct today."
00
Q2868
where is your colon and function
Colon (anatomy)
The colon is the last part of the digestive system in most vertebrates .
00
Q2868
where is your colon and function
Colon (anatomy)
It extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body and is the site in which flora-aided (largely bacterial) fermentation of unabsorbed material occurs.
00
Q2868
where is your colon and function
Colon (anatomy)
Unlike the small intestine , the colon does not play a major role in absorption of foods and nutrients.
00
Q2868
where is your colon and function
Colon (anatomy)
However, the colon does absorb water, sodium and some fat soluble vitamins.
00
Q2868
where is your colon and function
Colon (anatomy)
In mammals , the colon consists of four sections: the ascending colon , the transverse colon , the descending colon , and the sigmoid colon (the proximal colon usually refers to the ascending colon and transverse colon).
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Q2868
where is your colon and function
Colon (anatomy)
The cecum , colon, rectum and anal canal make up the large intestine .
00
Q2880
where was martin luther born
Martin Luther
Martin Luther (; 10 November 1483 – 18 February 1546) was a German monk , former Catholic priest , professor of theology and seminal figure of a reform movement in sixteenth century Christianity , subsequently known as the Protestant Reformation .
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Q2880
where was martin luther born
Martin Luther
He strongly disputed the claim that freedom from God's punishment for sin could be purchased with money.
00
Q2880
where was martin luther born
Martin Luther
He confronted indulgence salesman Johann Tetzel with his Ninety-Five Theses in 1517.
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Q2880
where was martin luther born
Martin Luther
His refusal to retract all of his writings at the demand of Pope Leo X in 1520 and the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Worms in 1521 resulted in his excommunication by the pope and condemnation as an outlaw by the Emperor.
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Q2880
where was martin luther born
Martin Luther
Luther taught that salvation is not earned by good deeds but received only as a free gift of God's grace through faith in Jesus Christ as redeemer from sin.
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Q2880
where was martin luther born
Martin Luther
His theology challenged the authority of the Pope of the Roman Catholic Church by teaching that the Bible is the only source of divinely revealed knowledge and opposed sacerdotalism by considering all baptized Christians to be a holy priesthood .
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Q2880
where was martin luther born
Martin Luther
Those who identify with Luther's teachings are called Lutherans .
00
Q2880
where was martin luther born
Martin Luther
His translation of the Bible into the vernacular (instead of Latin ) made it more accessible, which had a tremendous impact on the church and on German culture.
00
Q2880
where was martin luther born
Martin Luther
It fostered the development of a standard version of the German language , added several principles to the art of translation, and influenced the writing of an English translation, the King James Bible .
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Q2880
where was martin luther born
Martin Luther
His hymns influenced the development of singing in churches.
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Q2880
where was martin luther born
Martin Luther
His marriage to Katharina von Bora set a model for the practice of clerical marriage , allowing Protestant priests to marry.
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Q2880
where was martin luther born
Martin Luther
In his later years, in deteriorating health, Luther became increasingly antisemitic , writing that Jewish homes should be destroyed, their synagogues burned, money confiscated and liberty curtailed.
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Q2880
where was martin luther born
Martin Luther
These statements have contributed to his controversial status.
00
Q2884
what is the concept of "wellness" ?
Wellness (alternative medicine)
Wellness is generally used to mean a healthy balance of the mind, body and spirit that results in an overall feeling of well-being .
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