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id int64 39 79M	url stringlengths 32 168	text stringlengths 7 145k	source stringlengths 2 105	categories listlengths 1 6	token_count int64 3 32.2k	subcategories listlengths 0 27
18,349,854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darwinian%20demon	A Darwinian demon is a hypothetical organism that would result if there were no biological constraints on evolution. Such an organism would maximize all aspects of fitness simultaneously and would exist if there were no limitations from available variation or physiological constraints. It is named for the English scien...	Darwinian demon	[ "Biology" ]	247	[ "Evolutionary biology" ]
18,351,721	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein%20synthesis%20inhibitor	A protein synthesis inhibitor is a compound that stops or slows the growth or proliferation of cells by disrupting the processes that lead directly to the generation of new proteins. While a broad interpretation of this definition could be used to describe nearly any compound depending on concentration, in practice, i...	Protein synthesis inhibitor	[ "Chemistry" ]	913	[ "Protein biosynthesis", "Gene expression", "Biosynthesis" ]
18,353,210	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoinduced%20phase%20transitions	Photoinduced phase transition is a technique used in solid-state physics. It is a process to the nonequilibrium phases generated from an equilibrium by shining on high energy photons, and the nonequilibrium phase is a macroscopic excited domain that has new structural and electronic orders quite different from the star...	Photoinduced phase transitions	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	76	[ "Physical phenomena", "Phase transitions", "Materials science stubs", "Condensed matter stubs", "Phases of matter", "Critical phenomena", "Condensed matter physics", "Statistical mechanics", "Matter" ]
10,289,427	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundational%20Model%20of%20Anatomy	The Foundational Model of Anatomy Ontology (FMA) is a reference ontology for the domain of human anatomy. It is a symbolic representation of the canonical, phenotypic structure of an organism; a spatial-structural ontology of anatomical entities and relations which form the physical organization of an organism at all s...	Foundational Model of Anatomy	[ "Engineering", "Biology" ]	168	[ "Bioinformatics", "Biological engineering" ]
10,292,285	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHLPP	The PHLPP isoforms (PH domain and Leucine rich repeat Protein Phosphatases) are a pair of protein phosphatases, PHLPP1 and PHLPP2, that are important regulators of Akt serine-threonine kinases (Akt1, Akt2, Akt3) and conventional/novel protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms. PHLPP may act as a tumor suppressor in several t...	PHLPP	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	1,873	[ "Biochemistry", "Neurochemistry", "Signal transduction" ]
10,297,305	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hodge%20structure	In mathematics, a Hodge structure, named after W. V. D. Hodge, is an algebraic structure at the level of linear algebra, similar to the one that Hodge theory gives to the cohomology groups of a smooth and compact Kähler manifold. Hodge structures have been generalized for all complex varieties (even if they are singula...	Hodge structure	[ "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	3,223	[ "Tensors", "Mathematical structures", "Hodge theory", "Differential forms", "Fields of abstract algebra", "Category theory", "Homological algebra" ]
234,417	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebar	Rebar (short for reinforcement bar or reinforcing bar), known when massed as reinforcing steel or steel reinforcement, is a tension device added to concrete to form reinforced concrete and reinforced masonry structures to strengthen and aid the concrete under tension. Concrete is strong under compression, but has low t...	Rebar	[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]	6,127	[ "Structural engineering", "Building engineering", "Steels", "Architecture", "Construction", "Materials", "Alloys", "Concrete", "Matter", "Building materials" ]
234,444	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automorphic%20number	In mathematics, an automorphic number (sometimes referred to as a circular number) is a natural number in a given number base whose square "ends" in the same digits as the number itself. Definition and properties Given a number base , a natural number with digits is an automorphic number if is a fixed point of the...	Automorphic number	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,233	[ "Mathematical analysis", "P-adic numbers", "Discrete mathematics", "Recreational mathematics", "Ring theory", "Arithmetic dynamics", "Fields of abstract algebra", "Arithmetic", "Modular arithmetic", "Number theory", "Dynamical systems" ]
234,564	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullet%20time	Bullet time (also known as frozen moment, dead time, flow motion or time slice) is a visual effect or visual impression of detaching the time and space of a camera (or viewer) from that of its visible subject. It is a depth enhanced simulation of variable-speed action and performance found in films, broadcast advertise...	Bullet time	[ "Physics" ]	2,221	[ "Spacetime", "Slow motion", "Physical quantities", "Time" ]
234,625	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenamidone	Fenamidone is a foliar fungicide used on grapes, ornamentals, potatoes, tobacco, and vegetables such as tomatoes. It exerts its fungicidal effects by acting as a Qo inhibitor. References Fungicides	Fenamidone	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	51	[ "Fungicides", "Organic compounds", "Biocides", "Organic compound stubs", "Organic chemistry stubs" ]
234,654	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collimated%20beam	A collimated beam of light or other electromagnetic radiation has parallel rays, and therefore will spread minimally as it propagates. A laser beam is an archetypical example. A perfectly collimated light beam, with no divergence, would not disperse with distance. However, diffraction prevents the creation of any such ...	Collimated beam	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Astronomy" ]	1,259	[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Optics", "Observational astronomy", " molecular", "Atomic", "Astronomical sub-disciplines", " and optical physics" ]
234,714	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical%20imaging	Medical imaging is the technique and process of imaging the interior of a body for clinical analysis and medical intervention, as well as visual representation of the function of some organs or tissues (physiology). Medical imaging seeks to reveal internal structures hidden by the skin and bones, as well as to diagnose...	Medical imaging	[ "Physics" ]	6,901	[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Medical physics" ]
234,806	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diazepam	{{Infobox drug \| Verifiedfields = changed \| Watchedfields = changed \| verifiedrevid = 443634166 \| image = Diazepam structure.svg \| image_class = skin-invert-image \| width = 200 \| alt = \| caption = \| image2 = Diazepam-from-xtal-3D-balls.png \| alt2 = \| pronounce = \| tradename = Valium, others \| Drugs.com = \| Medli...	Diazepam	[ "Chemistry" ]	8,764	[ "Chemicals in medicine", "Chemical substances for emergency medicine" ]
234,819	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venipuncture	In medicine, venipuncture or venepuncture is the process of obtaining intravenous access for the purpose of venous blood sampling (also called phlebotomy) or intravenous therapy. In healthcare, this procedure is performed by medical laboratory scientists, medical practitioners, some EMTs, paramedics, phlebotomists, dia...	Venipuncture	[ "Chemistry" ]	3,402	[ "Blood tests", "Chemical pathology" ]
235,077	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse%20transcription%20polymerase%20chain%20reaction	Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is a laboratory technique combining reverse transcription of RNA into DNA (in this context called complementary DNA or cDNA) and amplification of specific DNA targets using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It is primarily used to measure the amount of a specific ...	Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	4,868	[ "Biochemistry methods", "Genetics techniques", "Polymerase chain reaction", "Biotechnology", "nan", "Molecular biology", "Biochemistry" ]
235,169	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA%20paternity%20testing	DNA paternity testing is the use of DNA profiles to determine whether an individual is the biological parent of another individual. Paternity testing can be especially important when the rights and duties of the father are in issue and a child's paternity is in doubt. Tests can also determine the likelihood of someone ...	DNA paternity testing	[ "Engineering", "Biology" ]	3,890	[ "Genetics techniques", "Genetic engineering" ]
235,287	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitric%20oxide	Nitric oxide (nitrogen oxide or nitrogen monoxide) is a colorless gas with the formula . It is one of the principal oxides of nitrogen. Nitric oxide is a free radical: it has an unpaired electron, which is sometimes denoted by a dot in its chemical formula (•N=O or •NO). Nitric oxide is also a heteronuclear diatomic ...	Nitric oxide	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	2,832	[ "Neurochemistry", "Molecules", "Free radicals", "Neurotransmitters", "Signal transduction", "Senescence", "Gaseous signaling molecules", "Nitrogen cycle", "Biomolecules", "Diatomic molecules", "Metabolism", "Matter" ]
235,343	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium%20hydroxide	Potassium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula KOH, and is commonly called caustic potash. Along with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), KOH is a prototypical strong base. It has many industrial and niche applications, most of which utilize its caustic nature and its reactivity toward acids. An estimated 700,000 ...	Potassium hydroxide	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	1,989	[ "Hydroxides", "Desiccants", "Materials", "Deliquescent materials", "Bases (chemistry)", "Matter" ]
235,550	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequence%20analysis	In bioinformatics, sequence analysis is the process of subjecting a DNA, RNA or peptide sequence to any of a wide range of analytical methods to understand its features, function, structure, or evolution. It can be performed on the entire genome, transcriptome or proteome of an organism, and can also involve only selec...	Sequence analysis	[ "Engineering", "Biology" ]	3,234	[ "Bioinformatics", "Biological engineering" ]
235,926	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA%20polymerase	A DNA polymerase is a member of a family of enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of DNA molecules from nucleoside triphosphates, the molecular precursors of DNA. These enzymes are essential for DNA replication and usually work in groups to create two identical DNA duplexes from a single original DNA duplex. During this ...	DNA polymerase	[ "Biology" ]	6,400	[ "Genetics techniques", "DNA replication", "Molecular genetics" ]
236,801	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markov%20chain%20Monte%20Carlo	In statistics, Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is a class of algorithms used to draw samples from a probability distribution. Given a probability distribution, one can construct a Markov chain whose elements' distribution approximates it – that is, the Markov chain's equilibrium distribution matches the target distribu...	Markov chain Monte Carlo	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	2,312	[ "Monte Carlo methods", "Computational statistics", "Computational mathematics", "Computational physics" ]
237,037	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartesian%20closed%20category	In category theory, a category is Cartesian closed if, roughly speaking, any morphism defined on a product of two objects can be naturally identified with a morphism defined on one of the factors. These categories are particularly important in mathematical logic and the theory of programming, in that their internal lan...	Cartesian closed category	[ "Mathematics" ]	2,537	[ "Closed categories", "Mathematical structures", "Category theory" ]
237,132	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribozyme	Ribozymes (ribonucleic acid enzymes) are RNA molecules that have the ability to catalyze specific biochemical reactions, including RNA splicing in gene expression, similar to the action of protein enzymes. The 1982 discovery of ribozymes demonstrated that RNA can be both genetic material (like DNA) and a biological cat...	Ribozyme	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	4,175	[ "Catalysis", "Catalysts", "Chemical reaction engineering", "Natural products", "Biochemistry", "Organic compounds", "Cellular processes", "Biomolecules", "Molecular biology", "Structural biology", "Chemical kinetics", "Ribozymes", "Metabolism" ]
237,207	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate%20tensile%20strength	Ultimate tensile strength (also called UTS, tensile strength, TS, ultimate strength or in notation) is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking. In brittle materials, the ultimate tensile strength is close to the yield point, whereas in ductile materials, the ult...	Ultimate tensile strength	[ "Physics", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	1,268	[ "Physical phenomena", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Elasticity (physics)", "Deformation (mechanics)", "Materials science", "nan", "Physical properties" ]
237,213	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quotient%20space%20%28topology%29	In topology and related areas of mathematics, the quotient space of a topological space under a given equivalence relation is a new topological space constructed by endowing the quotient set of the original topological space with the quotient topology, that is, with the finest topology that makes continuous the canonic...	Quotient space (topology)	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	1,986	[ "General topology", "Group actions", "Theory of continuous functions", "Topology", "Space", "Geometry", "Spacetime", "Symmetry" ]
3,415,287	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformal%20gravity	Conformal gravity refers to gravity theories that are invariant under conformal transformations in the Riemannian geometry sense; more accurately, they are invariant under Weyl transformations where is the metric tensor and is a function on spacetime. Weyl-squared theories The simplest theory in this category has t...	Conformal gravity	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	770	[ "Vector spaces", "Theoretical physics", "Theories of gravity", "Lagrangian mechanics", "Classical mechanics", "Space (mathematics)", "Theory of relativity", "Spacetime", "Dynamical systems" ]
3,415,348	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sgoldstino	A sgoldstino is any of the spin-0 superpartners of the goldstino in relativistic quantum field theories with spontaneously broken supersymmetry. The term sgoldstino was first used in 1998. In 2016, Petersson and Torre hypothesized that a sgoldstino particle might be responsible for the observed 750 GeV diphoton excess...	Sgoldstino	[ "Physics" ]	113	[ "Matter", "Supersymmetric quantum field theory", "Unsolved problems in physics", "Bosons", "Subatomic particles", "Particle physics", "Particle physics stubs", "Hypothetical elementary particles", "Supersymmetry", "Physics beyond the Standard Model", "Symmetry" ]
3,415,504	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctic%20Impulsive%20Transient%20Antenna	The Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) experiment has been designed to study ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic neutrinos by detecting the radio pulses emitted by their interactions with the Antarctic ice sheet. This is to be accomplished using an array of radio antennas suspended from a helium balloon flying at...	Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna	[ "Astronomy" ]	779	[ "Neutrino astronomy", "Astronomical sub-disciplines" ]
3,418,832	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner%20sphere%20electron%20transfer	Inner sphere electron transfer (IS ET) or bonded electron transfer is a redox chemical reaction that proceeds via a covalent linkage—a strong electronic interaction—between the oxidant and the reductant reactants. In inner sphere electron transfer, a ligand bridges the two metal redox centers during the electron tran...	Inner sphere electron transfer	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	814	[ "Electron", "Molecular physics", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "nan", "Physical chemistry" ]
3,419,098	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer%20sphere%20electron%20transfer	Outer sphere refers to an electron transfer (ET) event that occurs between chemical species that remain separate and intact before, during, and after the ET event. In contrast, for inner sphere electron transfer the participating redox sites undergoing ET become connected by a chemical bridge. Because the ET in outer s...	Outer sphere electron transfer	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	749	[ "Electron", "Molecular physics", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "nan", "Physical chemistry" ]
3,419,165	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus%20theory	In theoretical chemistry, Marcus theory is a theory originally developed by Rudolph A. Marcus, starting in 1956, to explain the rates of electron transfer reactions – the rate at which an electron can move or jump from one chemical species (called the electron donor) to another (called the electron acceptor). It was or...	Marcus theory	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	5,350	[ "Physical chemistry", "nan", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Physical organic chemistry" ]
3,422,027	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field%20capacity	Field capacity is the amount of soil moisture or water content held in the soil after excess water has drained away and the rate of downward movement has decreased. This usually occurs two to three days after rain or irrigation in pervious soils of uniform structure and texture. The nominal definition of field capacity...	Field capacity	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Engineering", "Environmental_science" ]	407	[ "Environmental engineering", "Hydrology", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Soil physics" ]
3,422,049	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moisture%20equivalent	Moisture equivalent is proposed by Lyman Briggs and McLane (1910) as a measure of field capacity for fine-textured soil materials. Moisture equivalent is defined as the percentage of water which a soil can retain in opposition to a centrifugal force 1000 times that of gravity. It is measured by saturating sample of so...	Moisture equivalent	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	204	[ "Equivalent quantities", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Quantity", "Soil physics", "Equivalent units", "Units of measurement" ]
3,422,168	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traian%20Lalescu	Traian Lalescu (; 12 July 1882 – 15 June 1929) was a Romanian mathematician. His main focus was on integral equations and he contributed to work in the areas of functional equations, trigonometric series, mathematical physics, geometry, mechanics, algebra, and the history of mathematics. Life He was born in Bucharest....	Traian Lalescu	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,165	[ "Mathematical analysis", "Mathematical analysts" ]
3,422,451	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyramidal%20alkene	Pyramidal alkenes are alkenes in which the two carbon atoms making up the double bond are not coplanar with their four substituents. This deformation results from geometric constraints. Pyramidal alkenes only are of interest because much can be learned from them about the nature of chemical bonding. Energetics Twistin...	Pyramidal alkene	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	857	[ "Organic compounds", "Alkenes", "Condensed matter physics", "nan", "Chemical bonding" ]
14,286,201	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylalanine%E2%80%94tRNA%20ligase	In enzymology, a phenylalanine—tRNA ligase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, L-phenylalanine, and tRNAPhe, whereas its 3 products are AMP, diphosphate, and L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe. T...	Phenylalanine—tRNA ligase	[ "Biology" ]	477	[ "Protein domains", "Protein classification" ]
14,286,331	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDGFB	Platelet-derived growth factor subunit B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PDGFB gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor family. The four members of this family are mitogenic factors for cells of mesenchymal origin and are characterized by a motif...	PDGFB	[ "Chemistry" ]	316	[ "Growth factors", "Signal transduction" ]
14,289,175	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonhypotenuse%20number	In mathematics, a nonhypotenuse number is a natural number whose square cannot be written as the sum of two nonzero squares. The name stems from the fact that an edge of length equal to a nonhypotenuse number cannot form the hypotenuse of a right angle triangle with integer sides. The numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 are all no...	Nonhypotenuse number	[ "Mathematics" ]	447	[ "Sequences and series", "Integer sequences", "Mathematical structures", "Recreational mathematics", "Mathematical objects", "Combinatorics", "Numbers", "Number theory" ]
14,289,209	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ommaya%20reservoir	An Ommaya reservoir is an intraventricular catheter system that can be used for the aspiration of cerebrospinal fluid or for the delivery of drugs (e.g. chemotherapy) into the cerebrospinal fluid. It consists of a catheter in one lateral ventricle attached to a reservoir implanted under the scalp. It is used to treat b...	Ommaya reservoir	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	228	[ "Pharmacology", "Drug delivery devices", "Medical equipment", "Medical technology" ]
14,290,308	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinoid%20X%20receptor%20gamma	Retinoid X receptor gamma (RXR-gamma), also known as NR2B3 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group B, member 3) is a nuclear receptor that in humans is encoded by the RXRG gene. Function This gene encodes a member of the retinoid X receptor (RXR) family of nuclear receptors which are involved in mediating the antiproli...	Retinoid X receptor gamma	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	198	[ "Induced stem cells", "Gene expression", "Transcription factors", "Signal transduction" ]
14,291,150	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified%20Power%20Format	Unified Power Format (UPF) is the popular name of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard for specifying power intent in power optimization of electronic design automation. The IEEE 1801-2009 release of the standard was based on a donation from the Accellera organization. The current rel...	Unified Power Format	[ "Engineering" ]	694	[ "Electrical engineering", "Power standards" ]
14,291,494	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPAS1	Endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1 (EPAS1, also known as hypoxia-inducible factor-2alpha (HIF-2α)) is a protein that is encoded by the EPAS1 gene in mammals. It is a type of hypoxia-inducible factor, a group of transcription factors involved in the physiological response to oxygen concentration. The gene is ac...	EPAS1	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	959	[ "Induced stem cells", "Gene expression", "Transcription factors", "Signal transduction" ]
19,347,878	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid-hydrogen%20trailer	A liquid-hydrogen trailer is a trailer designed to carry cryogenic liquid hydrogen (LH2) on roads being pulled by a powered vehicle. The largest such vehicles are similar to railroad tanktainers which are also designed to carry liquefied loads. Liquid-hydrogen trailers tend to be large; they are insulated. Some are se...	Liquid-hydrogen trailer	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	241	[ "Chemical process engineering", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Cryogenics", "Industrial gases" ]
19,348,382	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcosm%20%28experimental%20ecosystem%29	Microcosms are artificial, simplified ecosystems that are used to simulate and predict the behaviour of natural ecosystems under controlled conditions. Open or closed microcosms provide an experimental area for ecologists to study natural ecological processes. Microcosm studies can be very useful to study the effects o...	Microcosm (experimental ecosystem)	[ "Biology" ]	147	[ "Symbiosis", "Ecosystems", "nan" ]
19,349,420	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apsidal%20precession	In celestial mechanics, apsidal precession (or apsidal advance) is the precession (gradual rotation) of the line connecting the apsides (line of apsides) of an astronomical body's orbit. The apsides are the orbital points farthest (apoapsis) and closest (periapsis) from its primary body. The apsidal precession is the f...	Apsidal precession	[ "Physics" ]	1,548	[ "Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities", "Physical quantities", "Precession" ]
19,354,017	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HD%20134335	HD 134335 is a giant star in the northern constellation of Boötes. As a sixth magnitude star, it is dimly visible to the naked eye under favorable viewing conditions. It is located at a distance of approximately 478 light years based on parallax measurements, and is drifting closer with a heliocentric radial velocity ...	HD 134335	[ "Astronomy" ]	192	[ "Boötes", "Constellations" ]
20,530,400	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiral%20Lewis%20acid	Chiral Lewis acids (CLAs) are a type of Lewis acid catalyst. These acids affect the chirality of the substrate as they react with it. In such reactions, synthesis favors the formation of a specific enantiomer or diastereomer. The method is an enantioselective asymmetric synthesis reaction. Since they affect chirality, ...	Chiral Lewis acid	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	1,297	[ "Acids", "Stereochemistry", "Space", "nan", "Spacetime" ]
20,536,158	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeronautical%20Engineering%20Review	Aeronautical Engineering Review was a journal published by the Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences. History The Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences started on 1933. It was titled the Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences. It became a monthly publication in 1935. The journal contained a section called "News from t...	Aeronautical Engineering Review	[ "Engineering" ]	98	[ "Aerospace engineering journals", "Aerospace engineering" ]
20,536,726	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean%20dynamics	Ocean dynamics define and describe the flow of water within the oceans. Ocean temperature and motion fields can be separated into three distinct layers: mixed (surface) layer, upper ocean (above the thermocline), and deep ocean. Ocean dynamics has traditionally been investigated by sampling from instruments in situ. ...	Ocean dynamics	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	942	[ "Ocean currents", "Physical phenomena", "Water waves", "Chemical engineering", "Waves", "Piping", "Fluid dynamics" ]
735,430	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timestamp	A timestamp is a sequence of characters or encoded information identifying when a certain event occurred, usually giving date and time of day, sometimes accurate to a small fraction of a second. Timestamps do not have to be based on some absolute notion of time, however. They can have any epoch, can be relative to any ...	Timestamp	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	1,095	[ "Physical quantities", "Time", "Quantity", "Spacetime", "Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities" ]
735,611	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network%20analysis%20%28electrical%20circuits%29	In electrical engineering and electronics, a network is a collection of interconnected components. Network analysis is the process of finding the voltages across, and the currents through, all network components. There are many techniques for calculating these values; however, for the most part, the techniques assume ...	Network analysis (electrical circuits)	[ "Engineering" ]	5,718	[ "Electronic design", "Electrical engineering", "Electronic engineering", "Design" ]
735,965	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valence%20bond%20theory	In chemistry, valence bond (VB) theory is one of the two basic theories, along with molecular orbital (MO) theory, that were developed to use the methods of quantum mechanics to explain chemical bonding. It focuses on how the atomic orbitals of the dissociated atoms combine to give individual chemical bonds when a mole...	Valence bond theory	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	1,906	[ "Quantum chemistry", "Quantum mechanics", "Theoretical chemistry", "Condensed matter physics", " molecular", "nan", "Atomic", "Chemical bonding", " and optical physics" ]
736,407	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opioid%20receptor	Opioid receptors are a group of inhibitory G protein-coupled receptors with opioids as ligands. The endogenous opioids are dynorphins, enkephalins, endorphins, endomorphins and nociceptin. The opioid receptors are ~40% identical to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs). Opioid receptors are distributed widely in the brain, in...	Opioid receptor	[ "Chemistry" ]	3,453	[ "Opioid receptors", "Signal transduction" ]
736,618	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reeh%E2%80%93Schlieder%20theorem	The Reeh–Schlieder theorem is a result in relativistic local quantum field theory published by Helmut Reeh and Siegfried Schlieder in 1961. The theorem states that the vacuum state is a cyclic vector for the field algebra corresponding to any open set in Minkowski space. That is, any state can be approximated to ...	Reeh–Schlieder theorem	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	545	[ "Theorems in quantum mechanics", "Equations of physics", "Quantum mechanics", "Theorems in mathematical physics", "Quantum physics stubs", "Physics theorems" ]
737,164	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large%20diffeomorphism	In mathematics and theoretical physics, a large diffeomorphism is an equivalence class of diffeomorphisms under the equivalence relation where diffeomorphisms that can be continuously connected to each other are in the same equivalence class. For example, a two-dimensional real torus has a SL(2,Z) group of large diffe...	Large diffeomorphism	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	253	[ "Topology stubs", "Theoretical physics", "Topology", "Theoretical physics stubs" ]
737,618	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GABA%20receptor	The GABA receptors are a class of receptors that respond to the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the chief inhibitory compound in the mature vertebrate central nervous system. There are two classes of GABA receptors: GABAA and GABAB. GABAA receptors are ligand-gated ion channels (also known as ionotrop...	GABA receptor	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,979	[ "G protein-coupled receptors", "Ionotropic receptors", "Signal transduction" ]
738,085	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin%20II%20receptor	The angiotensin II receptors, (ATR1) and (ATR2), are a class of G protein-coupled receptors with angiotensin II as their ligands. They are important in the renin–angiotensin system: they are responsible for the signal transduction of the vasoconstricting stimulus of the main effector hormone, angiotensin II. Structure...	Angiotensin II receptor	[ "Chemistry" ]	624	[ "G protein-coupled receptors", "Signal transduction" ]
738,191	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholecystokinin%20receptor	Cholecystokinin receptors or CCK receptors are a group of G-protein coupled receptors which bind the peptide hormones cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastrin. There are two different subtypes CCKA and CCKB which are ~50% homologous: Various cholecystokinin antagonists have been developed and are used in research, although th...	Cholecystokinin receptor	[ "Chemistry" ]	116	[ "G protein-coupled receptors", "Signal transduction" ]
4,613,848	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firestop	A firestop or fire-stopping is a form of passive fire protection that is used to seal around openings and between joints in a fire-resistance-rated wall or floor assembly. Firestops are designed to maintain the fire-resistance rating of a wall or floor assembly intended to impede the spread of fire and smoke. Descript...	Firestop	[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]	1,016	[ "Building engineering", "Construction", "Materials", "Building materials", "Matter", "Architecture" ]
4,614,945	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacyl-tRNA	Aminoacyl-tRNA (also aa-tRNA or charged tRNA) is tRNA to which its cognate amino acid is chemically bonded (charged). The aa-tRNA, along with particular elongation factors, deliver the amino acid to the ribosome for incorporation into the polypeptide chain that is being produced during translation. Alone, an amino aci...	Aminoacyl-tRNA	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,558	[ "Protein biosynthesis", "Gene expression", "Biosynthesis" ]
4,615,464	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meta-learning%20%28computer%20science%29	Meta-learning is a subfield of machine learning where automatic learning algorithms are applied to metadata about machine learning experiments. As of 2017, the term had not found a standard interpretation, however the main goal is to use such metadata to understand how automatic learning can become flexible in solving ...	Meta-learning (computer science)	[ "Engineering" ]	2,299	[ "Artificial intelligence engineering", "Machine learning" ]
4,616,444	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydride%20vapour-phase%20epitaxy	Hydride vapour-phase epitaxy (HVPE) is an epitaxial growth technique often employed to produce semiconductors such as GaN, GaAs, InP and their related compounds, in which hydrogen chloride is reacted at elevated temperature with the group-III metals to produce gaseous metal chlorides, which then react with ammonia to p...	Hydride vapour-phase epitaxy	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Mathematics" ]	545	[ "Microtechnology", "Thin film deposition", "Coatings", "Thin films", "Semiconductor device fabrication", "Chemical vapor deposition", "Planes (geometry)", "Solid state engineering" ]
4,616,703	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halosere	A halosere is an ecological succession in saline water environments. An example of a halosere is a salt marsh. In a river estuary, large amounts of silt are deposited by the ebbing tides, as well as inflowing rivers. Plants in halosere The earliest plant colonizers are algae and zostera, which can tolerate submerge...	Halosere	[ "Environmental_science" ]	276	[ "Hydrology", "Wetlands" ]
7,961,605	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoreASM	CoreASM is an open source project (licensed under Academic Free License version 3.0) that focuses on the design of a lean executable ASM (Abstract State Machines) language, in combination with a supporting tool environment for high-level design, experimental validation, and formal verification (where appropriate) of ab...	CoreASM	[ "Mathematics" ]	583	[ "Formal methods tools", "Mathematical software" ]
7,962,469	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra-linear	Ultra-linear electronic circuits are those used to couple a tetrode or pentode vacuum-tube (also called "electron-valve") to a load (e.g. to a loudspeaker). 'Ultra-linear' is a special case of 'distributed loading'; a circuit technique patented by Alan Blumlein in 1937 (Patent No. 496,883), although the name 'distribu...	Ultra-linear	[ "Physics", "Technology" ]	925	[ "Vacuum tubes", "Vacuum", "Electronic amplifiers", "Amplifiers", "Matter" ]
7,968,026	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifugal%20evaporator	A centrifugal evaporator is a device used in chemical and biochemical laboratories for the efficient and gentle evaporation of solvents from many samples at the same time, and samples contained in microtitre plates. If only one sample required evaporation then a rotary evaporator is most often used. The most advanced m...	Centrifugal evaporator	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	505	[ "Centrifugation", "Chemical equipment", "Distillation", "Evaporators", "Centrifuges" ]
7,970,283	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequential%20probability%20ratio%20test	The sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) is a specific sequential hypothesis test, developed by Abraham Wald and later proven to be optimal by Wald and Jacob Wolfowitz. Neyman and Pearson's 1933 result inspired Wald to reformulate it as a sequential analysis problem. The Neyman-Pearson lemma, by contrast, offers a ...	Sequential probability ratio test	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,292	[ "Applied mathematics", "Mathematical psychology" ]
2,492,288	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanite	Afghanite, (Na,K)22Ca10[Si24Al24O96](SO4)6Cl6, is a hydrous sodium, calcium, potassium, sulfate, chloride, carbonate alumino-silicate mineral. Afghanite is a feldspathoid of the cancrinite group and typically occurs with sodalite group minerals. It forms blue to colorless, typically massive crystals in the trigonal cry...	Afghanite	[ "Physics" ]	340	[ "Materials", "Gemstones", "Matter" ]
2,492,332	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restriction%20site	Restriction sites, or restriction recognition sites, are located on a DNA molecule containing specific (4-8 base pairs in length) sequences of nucleotides, which are recognized by restriction enzymes. These are generally palindromic sequences (because restriction enzymes usually bind as homodimers), and a particular re...	Restriction site	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	514	[ "Genetics techniques", "Genetic engineering", "Molecular biology", "Biochemistry", "Restriction enzymes" ]
2,493,007	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilogram-force%20per%20square%20centimetre	A kilogram-force per square centimetre (kgf/cm2), often just kilogram per square centimetre (kg/cm2), or kilopond per square centimetre (kp/cm2) is a deprecated unit of pressure using metric units. It is not a part of the International System of Units (SI), the modern metric system. 1 kgf/cm2 equals 98.0665 kPa (kilopa...	Kilogram-force per square centimetre	[ "Mathematics" ]	458	[ "Non-SI metric units", "Quantity", "Units of measurement", "Units of pressure" ]
2,494,190	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSPB%20Dearne%20Valley%20Old%20Moor	RSPB Dearne Valley Old Moor is an wetlands nature reserve in the Dearne Valley near Barnsley, South Yorkshire, run by the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB). It lies on the junction of the A633 and A6195 roads and is bordered by the Trans Pennine Trail long-distance path. Following the end of coal mining...	RSPB Dearne Valley Old Moor	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	3,004	[ "Bioremediation", "Constructed wetlands", "Environmental engineering" ]
2,495,757	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas%20flare	A gas flare, alternatively known as a flare stack, flare boom, ground flare, or flare pit, is a gas combustion device used in places such as petroleum refineries, chemical plants and natural gas processing plants, oil or gas extraction sites having oil wells, gas wells, offshore oil and gas rigs and landfills. In indu...	Gas flare	[ "Chemistry" ]	2,226	[ "Petroleum technology", "Oil refining", "Fuels", "Chemical energy sources" ]
2,495,995	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal%20motor	The universal motor is a type of electric motor that can operate on either AC or DC power and uses an electromagnet as its stator to create its magnetic field. It is a commutated series-wound motor where the stator's field coils are connected in series with the rotor windings through a commutator. It is often referred ...	Universal motor	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	2,206	[ "Electrical engineering", "Engines", "Electric motors" ]
2,496,000	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bispectrum	In mathematics, in the area of statistical analysis, the bispectrum is a statistic used to search for nonlinear interactions. Definitions The Fourier transform of the second-order cumulant, i.e., the autocorrelation function, is the traditional power spectrum. The Fourier transform of C3(t1, t2) (third-order cumulan...	Bispectrum	[ "Engineering" ]	1,020	[ "Statistical signal processing", "Engineering statistics" ]
2,497,242	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican%20burrowing%20toad	The Mexican burrowing toad (Rhinophrynus dorsalis) is the single living representative of the family Rhinophrynidae. It is a unique species in its taxonomy and morphology, with special adaptations to assist them in digging burrows where they spend most of their time. These adaptations include a small pointed snout and ...	Mexican burrowing toad	[ "Biology" ]	2,098	[ "EDGE species", "Biodiversity" ]
2,497,263	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic%20fractionation	Kinetic fractionation is an isotopic fractionation process that separates stable isotopes from each other by their mass during unidirectional processes. Biological processes are generally unidirectional and are very good examples of "kinetic" isotope reactions. All organisms preferentially use lighter isotopes, because...	Kinetic fractionation	[ "Chemistry" ]	596	[ "Fractionation", "Separation processes", "Environmental isotopes", "Isotope stubs", "Isotopes", "Nuclear chemistry stubs", "Geochemistry stubs" ]
2,497,795	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acoustic%20metric	In acoustics and fluid dynamics, an acoustic metric (also known as a sonic metric) is a metric that describes the signal-carrying properties of a given particulate medium. (Generally, in mathematical physics, a metric describes the arrangement of relative distances within a surface or volume, usually measured by signa...	Acoustic metric	[ "Physics" ]	597	[ "Unsolved problems in physics", "Classical mechanics", "Acoustics", "Quantum gravity", "Physics beyond the Standard Model" ]
2,497,815	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex%20differential%20form	In mathematics, a complex differential form is a differential form on a manifold (usually a complex manifold) which is permitted to have complex coefficients. Complex forms have broad applications in differential geometry. On complex manifolds, they are fundamental and serve as the basis for much of algebraic geometr...	Complex differential form	[ "Engineering" ]	1,123	[ "Tensors", "Differential forms" ]
2,497,853	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudatorium	In architecture, a sudatorium is a vaulted sweating-room (sudor, "sweat") or steam bath (Latin: sudationes, steam) of the Roman baths or thermae. The Roman architectural writer Vitruvius (v. 2) refers to it as concamerata sudatio. It is similar to a laconicum, or dry heat bath, with the addition of water to produce ste...	Sudatorium	[ "Engineering" ]	173	[ "Rooms", "Architecture" ]
17,147,022	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20Nuclear%20Society	Since being founded in 1975, the European Nuclear Society (ENS) has grown to become the largest society in Europe for science, engineering and research in support of the nuclear industry. ENS's membership consists of national nuclear societies from 22 European countries, and additionally, Israel. Within the membership ...	European Nuclear Society	[ "Engineering" ]	881	[ "International nuclear energy organizations", "Nuclear organizations", "Energy organizations" ]
17,149,192	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy%20of%20design	Philosophy of design is the study of definitions of design, and the assumptions, foundations, and implications of design. The field, which is mostly a sub-discipline of aesthetics, is defined by an interest in a set of problems, or an interest in central or foundational concerns in design. In addition to these centra...	Philosophy of design	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	179	[ "Design studies", "Philosophy of technology", "Design", "Science and technology studies" ]
17,153,924	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastic%20pendulum	In physics and mathematics, in the area of dynamical systems, an elastic pendulum (also called spring pendulum or swinging spring) is a physical system where a piece of mass is connected to a spring so that the resulting motion contains elements of both a simple pendulum and a one-dimensional spring-mass system. For s...	Elastic pendulum	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	674	[ "Functions and mappings", "Applied mathematics", "Theoretical physics", "Mathematical objects", "Mechanics", "Mathematical relations", "Chaotic maps", "Mathematical physics", "Dynamical systems" ]
17,156,914	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational%20particle%20physics	Computational particle physics refers to the methods and computing tools developed in and used by particle physics research. Like computational chemistry or computational biology, it is, for particle physics both a specific branch and an interdisciplinary field relying on computer science, theoretical and experimental...	Computational particle physics	[ "Physics", "Technology" ]	1,027	[ "Computational fields of study", "Computational particle physics", "Computational physics", "Computing and society", "Particle physics" ]
17,157,285	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biocrystallization	Biocrystallization is the formation of crystals from organic macromolecules by living organisms. This may be a stress response, a normal part of metabolism such as processes that dispose of waste compounds, or a pathology. Template mediated crystallization is qualitatively different from in vitro crystallization. Inhib...	Biocrystallization	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	461	[ "Cell biology", "Biomineralization", "Bioinorganic chemistry", "Cellular processes", "Biochemistry", "Chemical pathology", "Metabolism" ]
1,193,525	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal%20order	In quantum field theory a product of quantum fields, or equivalently their creation and annihilation operators, is usually said to be normal ordered (also called Wick order) when all creation operators are to the left of all annihilation operators in the product. The process of putting a product into normal order is ca...	Normal order	[ "Physics" ]	2,256	[ "Quantum field theory", "Quantum mechanics" ]
1,193,823	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobian%20conjecture	In mathematics, the Jacobian conjecture is a famous unsolved problem concerning polynomials in several variables. It states that if a polynomial function from an n-dimensional space to itself has Jacobian determinant which is a non-zero constant, then the function has a polynomial inverse. It was first conjectured in 1...	Jacobian conjecture	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,495	[ "Geometry problems", "Unsolved problems in mathematics", "Polynomials", "Unsolved problems in geometry", "Conjectures", "Fields of abstract algebra", "Algebraic geometry", "Mathematical problems", "Algebra" ]
1,193,903	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncontrolled%20decompression	An uncontrolled decompression is an undesired drop in the pressure of a sealed system, such as a pressurised aircraft cabin or hyperbaric chamber, that typically results from human error, structural failure, or impact, causing the pressurised vessel to vent into its surroundings or fail to pressurize at all. Such deco...	Uncontrolled decompression	[ "Materials_science", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	3,146	[ "Structural engineering", "Mechanical failure modes", "Mechanical failure", "Technological failures" ]
1,194,086	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral%20signature	Spectral signature is the variation of reflectance or emittance of a material with respect to wavelengths (i.e., reflectance/emittance as a function of wavelength). The spectral signature of stars indicates the composition of the stellar atmosphere. The spectral signature of an object is a function of the incidental E...	Spectral signature	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	325	[ "Instrumental analysis", "Molecular physics", "Spectroscopy", "Spectrum (physical sciences)" ]
1,194,140	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slow%20sand%20filter	Slow sand filters are used in water purification for treating raw water to produce a potable product. They are typically deep, can be rectangular or cylindrical in cross section and are used primarily to treat surface water. The length and breadth of the tanks are determined by the flow rate desired for the filters, w...	Slow sand filter	[ "Chemistry", "Environmental_science" ]	1,903	[ "Water treatment", "Water filters", "Environmental soil science", "Filters" ]
1,194,622	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General%20Data%20Format%20for%20Biomedical%20Signals	The General Data Format for Biomedical Signals is a scientific and medical data file format. The aim of GDF is to combine and integrate the best features of all biosignal file formats into a single file format. The original GDF specification was introduced in 2005 as a new data format to overcome some of the limitatio...	General Data Format for Biomedical Signals	[ "Engineering", "Biology" ]	370	[ "Bioinformatics", "Biological engineering" ]
1,194,729	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heine%E2%80%93Cantor%20theorem	In mathematics, the Heine–Cantor theorem states that a continuous function between two metric spaces is uniformly continuous if its domain is compact. The theorem is named after Eduard Heine and Georg Cantor. An important special case of the Cantor theorem is that every continuous function from a closed bounded interv...	Heine–Cantor theorem	[ "Mathematics" ]	112	[ "Theorems in mathematical analysis", "Mathematical analysis", "Theory of continuous functions", "Topology", "Mathematical problems", "Articles containing proofs", "Mathematical theorems" ]
1,194,789	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexible%20organic%20light-emitting%20diode	A flexible organic light-emitting diode (FOLED) is a type of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) incorporating a flexible plastic substrate on which the electroluminescent organic semiconductor is deposited. This enables the device to be bent or rolled while still operating. Currently the focus of research in industria...	Flexible organic light-emitting diode	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	633	[ "Molecular physics", "Computer engineering", "Molecular electronics", "Electronic engineering", "Flexible electronics", "Display technology", "Nanotechnology", "Electrical engineering", "Conductive polymers" ]
1,196,185	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-intuitionism	In the philosophy of mathematics, the pre-intuitionists is the name given by L. E. J. Brouwer to several influential mathematicians who shared similar opinions on the nature of mathematics. The term was introduced by Brouwer in his 1951 lectures at Cambridge where he described the differences between his philosophy of ...	Pre-intuitionism	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,161	[ "Theories of deduction" ]
1,196,909	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohr%E2%80%93Mascheroni%20theorem	In mathematics, the Mohr–Mascheroni theorem states that any geometric construction that can be performed by a compass and straightedge can be performed by a compass alone. It must be understood that "any geometric construction" refers to figures that contain no straight lines, as it is clearly impossible to draw a str...	Mohr–Mascheroni theorem	[ "Mathematics" ]	2,952	[ "Euclidean plane geometry", "Theorems in plane geometry", "Theorems in geometry", "Straightedge and compass constructions", "Planes (geometry)" ]
6,061,729	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid%E2%80%93structure%20interaction	Fluid–structure interaction (FSI) is the interaction of some movable or deformable structure with an internal or surrounding fluid flow. Fluid–structure interactions can be stable or oscillatory. In oscillatory interactions, the strain induced in the solid structure causes it to move such that the source of strain is r...	Fluid–structure interaction	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	2,156	[ "Chemical engineering", "Civil engineering", "Piping", "Fluid mechanics", "Fluid dynamics" ]
6,063,848	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandbox%20%28software%20development%29	A sandbox is a testing environment that isolates untested code changes and outright experimentation from the production environment or repository in the context of software development, including web development, automation, revision control, configuration management (see also change management), and patch management. ...	Sandbox (software development)	[ "Engineering" ]	639	[ "Computer networks engineering", "Virtualization" ]
10,303,676	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxoguanine%20glycosylase	8-Oxoguanine glycosylase, also known as OGG1, is a DNA glycosylase enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the OGG1 gene. It is involved in base excision repair. It is found in bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic species. Function OGG1 is the primary enzyme responsible for the excision of 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), a mutage...	Oxoguanine glycosylase	[ "Biology" ]	1,812	[ "Protein families", "Protein classification" ]
10,306,384	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replication%20%28microscopy%29	Replication, in metallography, is the use of thin plastic films to nondestructively duplicate the microstructure of a component. The film is then examined at high magnifications. Replication is a method of copying the topography of a surface by casting or impressing material onto the surface. It is the commonly used t...	Replication (microscopy)	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	268	[ "Metallurgy", "Materials science", "Nondestructive testing", "Materials testing", "nan" ]
10,307,157	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel%20casing%20pipe	Steel casing pipe, also known as encasement pipe, is most commonly used in underground construction to protect utility lines of various types from getting damaged. Such damage might occur due to the elements of nature or human activity. Steel casing pipe is used in different types of horizontal underground boring, wh...	Steel casing pipe	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	519	[ "Piping", "Chemical engineering", "Mechanical engineering", "Building engineering" ]
10,311,578	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davisson%E2%80%93Germer%20Prize	The Davisson–Germer Prize in Atomic or Surface Physics is an annual prize that has been awarded by the American Physical Society since 1965. The recipient is chosen for "outstanding work in atomic physics or surface physics". The prize is named after Clinton Davisson and Lester Germer, who first measured electron diffr...	Davisson–Germer Prize	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	390	[ "Quantum mechanics", "Surface science", "Atomic physics", " molecular", "Condensed matter physics", "Atomic", " and optical physics" ]

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