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id int64 39 79M	url stringlengths 32 168	text stringlengths 7 145k	source stringlengths 2 105	categories listlengths 1 6	token_count int64 3 32.2k	subcategories listlengths 0 27
3,406,245	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Routhian%20mechanics	In classical mechanics, Routh's procedure or Routhian mechanics is a hybrid formulation of Lagrangian mechanics and Hamiltonian mechanics developed by Edward John Routh. Correspondingly, the Routhian is the function which replaces both the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian functions. Although Routhian mechanics is equivalent ...	Routhian mechanics	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	3,324	[ "Applied mathematics", "Theoretical physics", "Classical mechanics", "Mechanics", "Mathematical physics" ]
3,407,113	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measurement%20system%20analysis	A measurement system analysis (MSA) is a thorough assessment of a measurement process, and typically includes a specially designed experiment that seeks to identify the components of variation in that measurement process. Just as processes that produce a product may vary, the process of obtaining measurements and data ...	Measurement system analysis	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	884	[ "Quantity", "Physical quantities", "Measurement", "Size" ]
1,792,340	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stishovite	Stishovite is an extremely hard, dense tetragonal form (polymorph) of silicon dioxide. It is very rare on the Earth's surface; however, it may be a predominant form of silicon dioxide in the Earth, especially in the lower mantle. Stishovite was named after , a Russian high-pressure physicist who first synthesized the...	Stishovite	[ "Physics", "Materials_science" ]	590	[ "Silica polymorphs", "Polymorphism (materials science)", "Materials", "Superhard materials", "Matter" ]
1,792,505	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-level%20game%20theory	Two-level game theory is a political model, derived from game theory, that illustrates the domestic-international interactions between states. It was originally introduced in 1988 by Robert D. Putnam in his publication "Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-Level Games". Putnam had been involved in researc...	Two-level game theory	[ "Mathematics" ]	919	[ "Game theory" ]
1,792,627	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandmeyer%20reaction	The Sandmeyer reaction is a chemical reaction used to synthesize aryl halides from aryl diazonium salts using copper salts as reagents or catalysts. It is an example of a radical-nucleophilic aromatic substitution. The Sandmeyer reaction provides a method through which one can perform unique transformations on benzene,...	Sandmeyer reaction	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,363	[ "Name reactions" ]
1,794,051	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armstrong%27s%20mixture	Armstrong's mixture is a highly shock and friction sensitive explosive. Formulations vary, but one consists of 67% potassium chlorate, 27% red phosphorus, 3% sulfur, and 3% calcium carbonate. It is named for Sir William Armstrong, who invented it sometime prior to 1872 for use in explosive shells. Toys Armstrong's mi...	Armstrong's mixture	[ "Chemistry" ]	726	[ "Pyrotechnic compositions", "Explosives", "Explosions" ]
1,794,410	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vienna%20Ab%20initio%20Simulation%20Package	The Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package, better known as VASP, is a package written primarily in Fortran for performing ab initio quantum mechanical calculations using either Vanderbilt pseudopotentials, or the projector augmented wave method, and a plane wave basis set. The basic methodology is density functional the...	Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	428	[ "Computational chemistry software", "Chemistry software", "Computational physics", "Computational chemistry", "Density functional theory software", "Physics software" ]
1,794,929	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military%20geography	Military geography is a sub-field of geography that is used by the military, as well as academics and politicians, to understand the geopolitical sphere through the military lens. To accomplish these ends, military geographers consider topics from geopolitics to physical locations’ influences on military operations and...	Military geography	[ "Environmental_science" ]	2,902	[ "Environmental social science", "Human geography" ]
19,321,876	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acta%20Biomaterialia	Acta Biomaterialia is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Elsevier. It is published on behalf of Acta Materialia, Inc., and is sponsored by ASM International and The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society. The journal was established in January 2005. The editor-in-chief is W.R. Wagner (University of P...	Acta Biomaterialia	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	238	[ "Biotechnology literature", "Biochemistry journals", "Materials science journals", "Materials science", "Biochemistry literature", "Biotechnology journals" ]
19,321,930	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acta%20Biotheoretica	Acta Biotheoretica: Mathematical and philosophical foundations of biological and biomedical science is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media. It is the official journal of the Jan van der Hoeven Society for Theoretical Biology. The editor-in-chief is F.J.A. Jacobs (Le...	Acta Biotheoretica	[ "Mathematics" ]	226	[ "Applied mathematics", "Mathematical and theoretical biology" ]
19,327,051	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery%20and%20exploration%20of%20the%20Solar%20System	Discovery and exploration of the Solar System is observation, visitation, and increase in knowledge and understanding of Earth's "cosmic neighborhood". This includes the Sun, Earth and the Moon, the major planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, their satellites, as well as smaller bodies inc...	Discovery and exploration of the Solar System	[ "Astronomy" ]	6,297	[ "Discovery and exploration of the Solar System", "Outer space", "Solar System", "History of astronomy" ]
2,479,157	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte%20Carlo%20N-Particle%20Transport%20Code	Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport (MCNP) is a general-purpose, continuous-energy, generalized-geometry, time-dependent, Monte Carlo radiation transport code designed to track many particle types over broad ranges of energies and is developed by Los Alamos National Laboratory. Specific areas of application include, but ...	Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code	[ "Physics" ]	1,283	[ "Nuclear technology", "Physics software", "Nuclear physics", "Computational physics" ]
2,479,508	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmholtz%20theorem%20%28classical%20mechanics%29	The Helmholtz theorem of classical mechanics reads as follows: Let be the Hamiltonian of a one-dimensional system, where is the kinetic energy and is a "U-shaped" potential energy profile which depends on a parameter . Let denote the time average. Let Then Remarks The thesis of this theorem of classical mecha...	Helmholtz theorem (classical mechanics)	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	753	[ "Statistical mechanics stubs", "Theorems in dynamical systems", "Classical mechanics stubs", "Classical mechanics", "Statistical mechanics theorems", "Theorems in mathematical physics", "Mechanics", "Statistical mechanics", "Physics theorems" ]
2,480,516	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliability%2C%20availability%20and%20serviceability	Reliability, availability and serviceability (RAS), also known as reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM), is a computer hardware engineering term involving reliability engineering, high availability, and serviceability design. The phrase was originally used by IBM as a term to describe the robustness of t...	Reliability, availability and serviceability	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	1,682	[ "Systems engineering", "Fault-tolerant computer systems", "Reliability engineering", "Computer systems" ]
2,481,420	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loschmidt%20constant	The Loschmidt constant or Loschmidt's number (symbol: n0) is the number of particles (atoms or molecules) of an ideal gas per volume (the number density), and usually quoted at standard temperature and pressure. The 2018 CODATA recommended value is at 0 °C and 1 atm. It is named after the Austrian physicist Johann Jos...	Loschmidt constant	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Mathematics" ]	932	[ "Scalar physical quantities", "Physical quantities", "Quantity", "Chemical quantities", "Amount of substance", "Physical constants", "Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities" ]
2,481,686	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kramers%E2%80%93Kronig%20relations	The Kramers–Kronig relations, sometimes abbreviated as KK relations, are bidirectional mathematical relations, connecting the real and imaginary parts of any complex function that is analytic in the upper half-plane. The relations are often used to compute the real part from the imaginary part (or vice versa) of respon...	Kramers–Kronig relations	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	2,350	[ "Condensed matter physics", "Electric and magnetic fields in matter", "Materials science" ]
2,482,050	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray%20image%20intensifier	An X-ray image intensifier (XRII) is an image intensifier that converts X-rays into visible light at higher intensity than the more traditional fluorescent screens can. Such intensifiers are used in X-ray imaging systems (such as fluoroscopes) to allow low-intensity X-rays to be converted to a conveniently bright visib...	X-ray image intensifier	[ "Physics", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	1,350	[ "X-rays", "Spectrum (physical sciences)", "Electromagnetic spectrum", "X-ray instrumentation", "Measuring instruments" ]
2,482,408	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photochromism	Photochromism is the reversible change of color upon exposure to light. It is a transformation of a chemical species (photoswitch) between two forms by the absorption of electromagnetic radiation (photoisomerization), where the two forms have different absorption spectra. Applications Sunglasses One of the most famou...	Photochromism	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	2,978	[ "Spectrum (physical sciences)", "Chromism", "Materials science", "nan", "Smart materials", "Spectroscopy" ]
2,484,577	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schottky%20effect	The Schottky effect or field enhanced thermionic emission is a phenomenon in condensed matter physics named after Walter H. Schottky. In electron emission devices, especially electron guns, the thermionic electron emitter will be biased negative relative to its surroundings. This creates an electric field of magnitude ...	Schottky effect	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	483	[ "Electron", "Electron beam", "Phases of matter", "Materials science", "Condensed matter physics", "Matter" ]
2,484,769	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalytic%20cycle	In chemistry, a catalytic cycle is a multistep reaction mechanism that involves a catalyst. The catalytic cycle is the main method for describing the role of catalysts in biochemistry, organometallic chemistry, bioinorganic chemistry, materials science, etc. Since catalysts are regenerated, catalytic cycles are usual...	Catalytic cycle	[ "Chemistry" ]	552	[ "Catalysis", "Reaction mechanisms", "Chemical kinetics", "Physical organic chemistry" ]
2,485,027	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-covalent%20interaction	In chemistry, a non-covalent interaction differs from a covalent bond in that it does not involve the sharing of electrons, but rather involves more dispersed variations of electromagnetic interactions between molecules or within a molecule. The chemical energy released in the formation of non-covalent interactions is ...	Non-covalent interaction	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	3,337	[ "Condensed matter physics", "nan", "Nanotechnology", "Chemical bonding", "Supramolecular chemistry" ]
1,184,376	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bargmann%27s%20limit	In quantum mechanics, Bargmann's limit, named for Valentine Bargmann, provides an upper bound on the number of bound states with azimuthal quantum number in a system with central potential . It takes the form This limit is the best possible upper bound in such a way that for a given , one can always construct a pote...	Bargmann's limit	[ "Physics" ]	520	[ "Theoretical physics", "Quantum mechanics" ]
1,184,860	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organogenesis	Organogenesis is the phase of embryonic development that starts at the end of gastrulation and continues until birth. During organogenesis, the three germ layers formed from gastrulation (the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm) form the internal organs of the organism. The cells of each of the three germ layers undergo...	Organogenesis	[ "Biology" ]	849	[ "Behavior", "Developmental biology", "Reproduction" ]
1,185,139	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resolved%20sideband%20cooling	Resolved sideband cooling is a laser cooling technique allowing cooling of tightly bound atoms and ions beyond the Doppler cooling limit, potentially to their motional ground state. Aside from the curiosity of having a particle at zero point energy, such preparation of a particle in a definite state with high probabili...	Resolved sideband cooling	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	1,940	[ "Plasma physics", "Plasma technology and applications", "Quantum mechanics", "Atomic physics", " molecular", "Atomic", " and optical physics" ]
1,185,486	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawhia%20Harbour	Kawhia Harbour () is one of three large natural inlets in the Tasman Sea coast of the Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. It is located to the south of Raglan Harbour, Ruapuke and Aotea Harbour, 40 kilometres southwest of Hamilton. Kawhia is part of the Ōtorohanga District and is in the King Country. It has a...	Kawhia Harbour	[ "Physics" ]	2,720	[ "Amorphous solids", "Unsolved problems in physics", "Kauri gum" ]
1,185,498	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fugacity	In thermodynamics, the fugacity of a real gas is an effective partial pressure which replaces the mechanical partial pressure in an accurate computation of chemical equilibrium. It is equal to the pressure of an ideal gas which has the same temperature and molar Gibbs free energy as the real gas. Fugacities are determ...	Fugacity	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Mathematics" ]	2,056	[ "State functions", "Thermodynamic properties", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Physical quantities", "Quantity", "Thermodynamics", "nan", "Chemical thermodynamics", "Physical chemistry" ]
1,186,403	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific%20Northwest%20Seismic%20Network	The Pacific Northwest Seismic Network, or PNSN, collects and studies ground motions from about 400 seismometers in the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington. PNSN monitors volcanic and tectonic activity, gives advice and information to the public and policy makers, and works to mitigate earthquake hazard. Motivation D...	Pacific Northwest Seismic Network	[ "Engineering" ]	682	[ "Earthquake engineering", "Civil engineering", "Structural engineering" ]
1,186,707	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipyridine	Bipyridines are a family of organic compounds with the formula (C5H4N)2, consisting of two pyridyl (C5H4N) rings. Pyridine is an aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocycle. The bipyridines are all colourless solids, which are soluble in organic solvents and slightly soluble in water. Bipyridines, especially the 4,4' iso...	Bipyridine	[ "Chemistry" ]	465	[ "Chelating agents", "Ligands", "Coordination chemistry", "Process chemicals" ]
1,188,009	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaphragm%20%28mechanical%20device%29	In mechanics, a diaphragm is a sheet of a semi-flexible material anchored at its periphery and most often round in shape. It serves either as a barrier between two chambers, moving slightly up into one chamber or down into the other depending on differences in pressure, or as a device that vibrates when certain frequen...	Diaphragm (mechanical device)	[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]	367	[ "Mechanical engineering stubs", "Mechanics", "Mechanical engineering" ]
1,188,460	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripple%20effect	A ripple effect occurs when an initial disturbance to a system propagates outward to disturb an increasingly larger portion of the system, like ripples expanding across the water when an object is dropped into it. The ripple effect is often used colloquially to mean a multiplier in macroeconomics. For example, an indi...	Ripple effect	[ "Physics", "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	557	[ "Software engineering", "Quantity", "Metrics", "Software metrics" ]
18,319,136	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code%20Saturne	code_saturne is a general-purpose computational fluid dynamics free computer software package. Developed since 1997 at Électricité de France R&D, code_saturne is distributed under the GNU GPL licence. It is based on a co-located finite-volume approach that accepts meshes with any type of cell (tetrahedral, hexahedral, ...	Code Saturne	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	666	[ "Computational fluid dynamics", "Fluid dynamics", "Computational physics" ]
18,320,085	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungivore	Fungivory or mycophagy is the process of organisms consuming fungi. Many different organisms have been recorded to gain their energy from consuming fungi, including birds, mammals, insects, plants, amoebas, gastropods, nematodes, bacteria and other fungi. Some of these, which only eat fungi, are called fungivores where...	Fungivore	[ "Biology" ]	3,960	[ "Ecology terminology", "Behavior", "Ethology", "Animals by eating behaviors" ]
18,321,202	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprodime	Cyprodime is an opioid antagonist from the morphinan family of drugs. Cyprodime is a selective opioid antagonist which blocks the μ-opioid receptor, but without affecting the δ-opioid or κ-opioid receptors. This makes it useful for scientific research as it allows the μ-opioid receptor to be selectively deactivated so...	Cyprodime	[ "Chemistry" ]	198	[ "Organic compounds", "Ketones", "Functional groups", "Ethers" ]
18,324,880	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Schwerdtfeger	Peter Schwerdtfeger (born 1 September 1955) is a German scientist. He holds a chair in theoretical chemistry at Massey University in Auckland, New Zealand, serves as director of the Centre for Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, is the head of the New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, and is a former president of th...	Peter Schwerdtfeger	[ "Chemistry" ]	472	[ "Quantum chemistry", "Theoretical chemistry", "Theoretical chemists", "Physical chemists" ]
18,326,471	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cool%20Earth%2050	Cool Earth 50 (also known as Cool Earth) is a plan developed by Japan to reduce global CO2 emissions 50% by 2050, which was discussed at the 34th G8 summit. Cool Earth 50 is planned to be a framework that would continue towards the goals set forth in the Kyoto Protocols. This plan includes three proposals: a long-term ...	Cool Earth 50	[ "Chemistry" ]	604	[ "Greenhouse gases", "Emissions reduction" ]
15,396,952	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short%20fiber%20reinforced%20blends	Short Fiber Reinforced Blends are partial case of ternary composites, i.e. composites prepared of three ingredients. In particular they can be considered as a combination of an immiscible polymer blend and a short fiber reinforced composite. These blends have the potential to integrate the easy processing solutions ava...	Short fiber reinforced blends	[ "Physics" ]	247	[ "Materials", "Composite materials", "Matter" ]
15,397,255	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental%20psychobiology	Developmental psychobiology is an interdisciplinary field, encompassing developmental psychology, biological psychology, neuroscience and many other areas of biology. The field covers all phases of ontogeny, with particular emphasis on prenatal, perinatal and early childhood development. Conducting research into basic ...	Developmental psychobiology	[ "Biology" ]	1,322	[ "Behavioural sciences", "Behavior", "Behavioral neuroscience", "Developmental psychology" ]
15,398,059	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anisatin	Anisatin is an extremely toxic, insecticidally active component of the shikimi plant. The lethal dose is 1 mg/kg (i.p.) in mice. Symptoms begin to appear about 1–6 hours after ingestion, beginning with gastrointestinal ailments, such as diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach pain, followed by nervous system excitation, seizur...	Anisatin	[ "Chemistry" ]	357	[ "Chemical ecology", "Plant toxins", "Organic compounds", "Neurochemistry", "Neurotoxins", "Spiro compounds" ]
15,399,117	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromechanical%20modeling	The purpose of electromechanical modeling is to model and simulate an electromechanical system, such that its physical parameters can be examined before the actual system is built. Parameter estimation utilizing different estimation theory coupled with physical experiments and physical realization by doing proper stabi...	Electromechanical modeling	[ "Physics", "Materials_science", "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	428	[ "Microtechnology", "Materials science", "Mechanics", "Mechanical engineering by discipline", "Mechanical engineering", "Electromechanical engineering", "Electrodynamics", "Electrical engineering", "Microelectronic and microelectromechanical systems", "Dynamical systems" ]
15,402,259	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAIFI	The Momentary Average Interruption Frequency Index (MAIFI) is a reliability index used by electric power utilities. MAIFI is the average number of momentary interruptions that a customer would experience during a given period (typically a year). Electric power utilities may define momentary interruptions differently,...	MAIFI	[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]	338	[ "Power (physics)", "Electrical engineering", "Electric power", "Physical quantities" ]
15,407,327	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute%20electrode%20potential	Absolute electrode potential, in electrochemistry, according to an IUPAC definition, is the electrode potential of a metal measured with respect to a universal reference system (without any additional metal–solution interface). Definition According to a more specific definition presented by Trasatti, the absolute elec...	Absolute electrode potential	[ "Chemistry" ]	975	[ "Electrochemistry", "Electrochemical potentials" ]
15,409,174	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piezoelectric%20accelerometer	A piezoelectric accelerometer is an accelerometer that employs the piezoelectric effect of certain materials to measure dynamic changes in mechanical variables (e.g., acceleration, vibration, and mechanical shock). As with all transducers, piezoelectrics convert one form of energy into another and provide an electrica...	Piezoelectric accelerometer	[ "Physics", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	1,962	[ "Accelerometers", "Physical phenomena", "Physical quantities", "Acceleration", "Measuring instruments", "Materials", "Electrical phenomena", "Piezoelectric materials", "Matter" ]
15,409,192	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAT%20solver	In computer science and formal methods, a SAT solver is a computer program which aims to solve the Boolean satisfiability problem. On input a formula over Boolean variables, such as "(x or y) and (x or not y)", a SAT solver outputs whether the formula is satisfiable, meaning that there are possible values of x and y wh...	SAT solver	[ "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	3,162	[ "Logic in computer science", "Automated theorem proving", "Mathematical logic", "Computational problems", "Software engineering", "Mathematical problems", "Formal methods", "Satisfiability problems" ]
7,937,743	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin%20echo	In magnetic resonance, a spin echo or Hahn echo is the refocusing of spin magnetisation by a pulse of resonant electromagnetic radiation. Modern nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) make use of this effect. The NMR signal observed following an initial excitation pulse decays with time ...	Spin echo	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	1,161	[ "Nuclear magnetic resonance", "Spectrum (physical sciences)", "Magnetic resonance imaging", "Theoretical physics", "Quantum mechanics", "Electron paramagnetic resonance", "Nuclear physics", "Spectroscopy" ]
7,949,248	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanded%20bed%20adsorption	Expanded bed adsorption (EBA) is a preparative chromatographic technique which makes processing of viscous and particulate liquids possible. Principle The protein binding principles in EBA are the same as in classical column chromatography and the common ion-exchange, hydrophobic interaction and affinity chromatograph...	Expanded bed adsorption	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	540	[ "Biochemistry methods", "Chromatography", "Separation processes", "Protein methods", "Biotechnology stubs", "Protein biochemistry", "Biochemistry stubs", "Analytical chemistry stubs", "Biochemistry" ]
4,597,084	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginzburg%E2%80%93Landau%20equation	The Ginzburg–Landau equation, named after Vitaly Ginzburg and Lev Landau, describes the nonlinear evolution of small disturbances near a finite wavelength bifurcation from a stable to an unstable state of a system. At the onset of finite wavelength bifurcation, the system becomes unstable for a critical wavenumber whi...	Ginzburg–Landau equation	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	563	[ "Functions of space and time", "Chemical engineering", "Mechanics", "Mechanical engineering", "Piping", "Spacetime", "Fluid dynamics" ]
4,597,562	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal%20extra%20dimensions	In particle physics, models with universal extra dimensions include one or more spatial dimensions beyond the three spatial and one temporal dimensions that are observed. Overview Models with universal extra dimensions, studied in 2001 assume that all fields propagate universally in the extra dimensions; in contrast, ...	Universal extra dimensions	[ "Physics" ]	293	[ "Geometric measurement", "Physical quantities", "Unsolved problems in physics", "Particle physics", "Theory of relativity", "Dimension", "Physics beyond the Standard Model" ]
4,597,574	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effective%20potential	The effective potential (also known as effective potential energy) combines multiple, perhaps opposing, effects into a single potential. In its basic form, it is the sum of the 'opposing' centrifugal potential energy with the potential energy of a dynamical system. It may be used to determine the orbits of planets (bot...	Effective potential	[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]	644	[ "Mechanics", "Mechanical engineering" ]
4,597,716	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi%20point	The term Fermi point has two applications but refers to the same phenomena (special relativity): Fermi point (quantum field theory) Fermi point (nanotechnology) For both applications count that the symmetry between particles and anti-particles in weak interactions is violated: At this point the particle energy is zer...	Fermi point	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	405	[ "Quantum field theory", "Physical phenomena", "Phases of matter", "Quantum mechanics", "Critical phenomena", "Materials science", "Special relativity", "Condensed matter physics", "Nanoelectronics", "Theory of relativity", "Nanotechnology", "Statistical mechanics", "Matter", "Dynamical sys...
4,598,143	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paliperidone	Paliperidone, sold under the brand name Invega among others, is an atypical antipsychotic. It is indicated in the treatment of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. It is marketed by J&J Innovative Medicine Paliperidone was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of schizophrenia...	Paliperidone	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,175	[ "Chemicals in medicine", "Human drug metabolites" ]
4,598,351	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-Ethylguaiacol	4-Ethylguaiacol, often abbreviated to 4-EG, is a phenolic compound with the molecular formula C9H12O2. It can be produced in wine and beer by Brettanomyces. It is also frequently present in bio-oil produced by pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Winemaking It is produced along with 4-ethylphenol (4-EP) in wine and ...	4-Ethylguaiacol	[ "Chemistry" ]	313	[ "Biomolecules by chemical classification", "Natural phenols" ]
4,599,061	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carvonic%20acid	Carvonic acid, or α-methylene-4-methyl-5-oxo-3-cyclohexene-1-acetic acid, is a terpenoid formed by metabolism of carvone in humans. References Carboxylic acids Monoterpenes Enones Cyclohexenes	Carvonic acid	[ "Chemistry" ]	68	[ "Carboxylic acids", "Functional groups" ]
4,600,462	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etomidate	Etomidate (USAN, INN, BAN; marketed as Amidate) is a short-acting intravenous anaesthetic agent used for the induction of general anaesthesia and sedation for short procedures such as reduction of dislocated joints, tracheal intubation, cardioversion and electroconvulsive therapy. It was developed at Janssen Pharmaceut...	Etomidate	[ "Chemistry" ]	2,115	[ "Chemicals in medicine", "Chemical substances for emergency medicine" ]
4,600,562	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface%20finish	Surface finish, also known as surface texture or surface topography, is the nature of a surface as defined by the three characteristics of lay, surface roughness, and waviness. It comprises the small, local deviations of a surface from the perfectly flat ideal (a true plane). Surface texture is one of the important fa...	Surface finish	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	1,092	[ "Tribology", "Mechanical engineering", "Materials science", "Surface science" ]
4,601,361	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic%20stress%E2%80%93energy%20tensor	In relativistic physics, the electromagnetic stress–energy tensor is the contribution to the stress–energy tensor due to the electromagnetic field. The stress–energy tensor describes the flow of energy and momentum in spacetime. The electromagnetic stress–energy tensor contains the negative of the classical Maxwell str...	Electromagnetic stress–energy tensor	[ "Physics", "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	563	[ "Electromagnetism", "Physical phenomena", "Tensors", "Physical quantities", "Quantity", "Tensor physical quantities", "Fundamental interactions" ]
17,109,517	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supersymmetry%20nonrenormalization%20theorems	In theoretical physics a nonrenormalization theorem is a limitation on how a certain quantity in the classical description of a quantum field theory may be modified by renormalization in the full quantum theory. Renormalization theorems are common in theories with a sufficient amount of supersymmetry, usually at least...	Supersymmetry nonrenormalization theorems	[ "Physics" ]	1,389	[ "Physical phenomena", "Supersymmetric quantum field theory", "Critical phenomena", "Renormalization group", "Statistical mechanics", "Supersymmetry", "Symmetry" ]
17,118,781	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoronix%20Test%20Suite	Phoronix Test Suite (PTS) is a free and open-source benchmark software for Linux and other operating systems. The Phoronix Test Suite, developed by Michael Larabel and Matthew Tippett, has been endorsed by sites such as Linux.com, LinuxPlanet, and Softpedia. Features Phoronix Test Suite supports over 220 test profil...	Phoronix Test Suite	[ "Technology" ]	986	[ "Benchmarks (computing)", "Computing comparisons", "Computer performance" ]
17,119,657	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacoinformatics	Drug discovery and development requires the integration of multiple scientific and technological disciplines. These include chemistry, biology, pharmacology, pharmaceutical technology and extensive use of information technology. The latter is increasingly recognised as Pharmacoinformatics. Pharmacoinformatics relates t...	Pharmacoinformatics	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	485	[ "Pharmacology", "Biological engineering", "Life sciences industry", "Drug discovery", "Pharmaceutical industry", "Bioinformatics", "Computational chemistry", "nan", "Cheminformatics", "Medicinal chemistry" ]
12,588,438	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanum%20strontium%20cobalt%20ferrite	Lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite (LSCF), also called lanthanum strontium cobaltite ferrite is a specific ceramic oxide derived from lanthanum cobaltite of the ferrite group. It is a phase containing lanthanum(III) oxide, strontium oxide, cobalt oxide and iron oxide with the formula , where 0.1≤x≤0.4 and 0.2≤y≤0.8. I...	Lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	367	[ "Non-stoichiometric compounds", "Materials stubs", "Oxides", "Salts", "Materials", "Ceramic materials", "Ceramic engineering", "Matter" ]
12,591,223	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filter%20press	An industrial filter press is a tool used in separation processes, specifically to separate solids and liquids. The machine stacks many filter elements and allows the filter to be easily opened to remove the filtered solids, and allows easy cleaning or replacement of the filter media. Filter presses cannot be operated...	Filter press	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	3,956	[ "Separation processes by phases", "Chemical equipment", "Filters", "Filtration", "Liquid-solid separation" ]
14,263,657	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C8H8O4	The molecular formula C8H8O4 (molar mass : 168.15 g/mol, exact mass : 168.042259 u) may refer to: Dehydroacetic acid 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde 2,6-Dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone Homogentisic acid 4-Hydroxymandelic acid 5-Methoxysalicylic acid Norcantharidin Orsellinic acid ...	C8H8O4	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	178	[ "Molecules", "Set index articles on molecular formulas", "Isomerism", "Molecular formulas", "Matter" ]
14,266,112	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latent%20human%20error	Latent human error is a term used in safety work and accident prevention, especially in aviation, to describe human errors which are likely to be made due to systems or routines that are formed in such a way that humans are disposed to making these errors. Latent human errors are frequently components in causes of acci...	Latent human error	[ "Engineering" ]	337	[ "Safety engineering", "Systems engineering" ]
14,267,269	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR98	ADGRV1, also known as G protein-coupled receptor 98 (GPR98) or Very Large G-protein coupled receptor 1 (VLGR1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR98 gene. Several alternatively spliced transcripts have been described. The adhesion GPCR VLGR1 is the largest GPCR known, with a size of 6300 amino acids and...	GPR98	[ "Chemistry" ]	368	[ "G protein-coupled receptors", "Receptors", "Signal transduction" ]
14,271,033	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulk%20temperature	In thermofluids dynamics, the bulk temperature, or the average bulk temperature in the thermal fluid, is a convenient reference point for evaluating properties related to convective heat transfer, particularly in applications related to flow in pipes and ducts. The concept of the bulk temperature is that adiabatic mix...	Bulk temperature	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	109	[ "Thermodynamics stubs", "Scalar physical quantities", "Temperature", "Heat transfer", "Thermodynamic properties", "Physical quantities", "Physical phenomena", "Continuum mechanics", "Transport phenomena", "SI base quantities", "Intensive quantities", "Classical mechanics", "Thermodynamics", ...
14,271,130	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histaminergic	Histaminergic means "working on the histamine system", and histaminic means "related to histamine". A histaminergic agent (or drug) is a chemical which functions to directly modulate the histamine system in the body or brain. Examples include histamine receptor agonists and histamine receptor antagonists (or antihista...	Histaminergic	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	171	[ "Biochemistry", "Neurochemistry", "Neurotransmitters" ]
14,271,172	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KMT2A	Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A, also known as acute lymphoblastic leukemia 1 (ALL-1), myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1), or zinc finger protein HRX (HRX), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KMT2A gene. MLL1 is a histone methyltransferase deemed a positive global regulator of gene tr...	KMT2A	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	1,189	[ "Biomolecules by chemical classification", "Gene expression", "Signal transduction", "Induced stem cells", "Molecular biology", "Proteins", "Transcription factors" ]
14,272,194	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Venant%27s%20theorem	In solid mechanics, it is common to analyze the properties of beams with constant cross section. Saint-Venant's theorem states that the simply connected cross section with maximal torsional rigidity is a circle. It is named after the French mathematician Adhémar Jean Claude Barré de Saint-Venant. Given a simply conne...	Saint-Venant's theorem	[ "Physics", "Materials_science", "Mathematics" ]	224	[ "Physical phenomena", "Mathematical theorems", "Equations of physics", "Elasticity (physics)", "Deformation (mechanics)", "Binary relations", "Eponymous theorems of physics", "Mathematical relations", "Inequalities (mathematics)", "Mathematical problems", "Physical properties", "Physics theore...
6,042,516	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kearny%20air%20pump	The Kearny air pump is an expedient air pump used to ventilate a shelter. The design is such that a person with normal mechanical skills can construct and operate one. It is usually human-powered and designed to be employed during a time of crisis. It was designed to be used in a fallout shelter, but can be used in any...	Kearny air pump	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	183	[ "Pumps", "Turbomachinery", "Physical systems", "Hydraulics", "Nuclear warfare", "Radioactivity" ]
6,043,761	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas%20Low%20Emission%20Diesel%20standards	Texas Low Emission Diesel standards (TxLED) are rules regulating the quality of diesel fuels, intended to reduce pollutants (especially NOx). Since October 31, 2005, diesel fuel to be consumed by engines in 110 counties in Eastern Texas must meet these requirements: Maximum aromatic hydrocarbon content of 10% by vol...	Texas Low Emission Diesel standards	[ "Chemistry" ]	152	[ "Petroleum", "Petroleum products", "Fuels", "Chemical energy sources" ]
6,044,113	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occulting%20disk	An occulting disk is a small disk placed centrally in the eyepiece of a telescope or at its focal point, to block the view of a bright object so that fainter objects can be seen more easily. The coronagraph, at its simplest, is an occulting disk in the focal plane of a telescope, or in front of the entrance aperture, ...	Occulting disk	[ "Materials_science", "Astronomy", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	147	[ "Glass engineering and science", "Optical telescope components", "Optical devices", "Astronomy stubs", "Stellar astronomy stubs", "Components", "Astronomical sub-disciplines", "Stellar astronomy" ]
6,044,329	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haber%E2%80%93Weiss%20reaction	The Haber–Weiss reaction generates •OH (hydroxyl radicals) from H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) and superoxide (•O2−) catalyzed by iron ions. It was first proposed by Fritz Haber and his student Joseph Joshua Weiss in 1932. This reaction has long been studied and revived in different contexts, including organic chemistry, fr...	Haber–Weiss reaction	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering", "Environmental_science" ]	1,100	[ "Catalysis", "Physical phenomena", "Redox", "Free radical reactions", "Environmental chemistry", "Materials science", "Oxidizing agents", "Organic reactions", "Name reactions", "Radiation", "Condensed matter physics", "nan", "Radiation effects", "Chemical kinetics" ]
6,044,675	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faber%E2%80%93Jackson%20relation	The Faber–Jackson relation provided the first empirical power-law relation between the luminosity and the central stellar velocity dispersion of elliptical galaxy, and was presented by the astronomers Sandra M. Faber and Robert Earl Jackson in 1976. Their relation can be expressed mathematically as: with the inde...	Faber–Jackson relation	[ "Physics", "Astronomy" ]	837	[ "Physical cosmological concepts", "Concepts in astrophysics", "Concepts in astronomy", "Equations of astronomy", "Extragalactic astronomy", "Astronomical sub-disciplines" ]
731,401	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal%20solution	An ideal solution or ideal mixture is a solution that exhibits thermodynamic properties analogous to those of a mixture of ideal gases. The enthalpy of mixing is zero as is the volume change on mixing by definition; the closer to zero the enthalpy of mixing is, the more "ideal" the behavior of the solution becomes. The...	Ideal solution	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Mathematics" ]	1,375	[ "Homogeneous chemical mixtures", "Thermodynamics", "Chemical thermodynamics", "Solutions", "Dynamical systems" ]
731,884	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic%20four-potential	An electromagnetic four-potential is a relativistic vector function from which the electromagnetic field can be derived. It combines both an electric scalar potential and a magnetic vector potential into a single four-vector. As measured in a given frame of reference, and for a given gauge, the first component of the ...	Electromagnetic four-potential	[ "Physics" ]	917	[ "Physical phenomena", "Electromagnetism", "Physical quantities", "Four-vectors", "Fundamental interactions", "Vector physical quantities", "Theory of relativity" ]
732,446	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorentz%20factor	The Lorentz factor or Lorentz term (also known as the gamma factor) is a dimensionless quantity expressing how much the measurements of time, length, and other physical properties change for an object while it moves. The expression appears in several equations in special relativity, and it arises in derivations of the ...	Lorentz factor	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	1,140	[ "Physical phenomena", "Physical quantities", "Quantity", "Mathematical objects", "Astrophysics", "Theory of relativity", "Special relativity", "Equations", "Dimensionless quantities", "Doppler effects" ]
732,746	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductive%20polymer	Conductive polymers or, more precisely, intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) are organic polymers that conduct electricity. Such compounds may have metallic conductivity or can be semiconductors. The main advantage of conductive polymers is that they are easy to process, mainly by dispersion. Conductive polymers ar...	Conductive polymer	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	2,900	[ "Molecular physics", "Semiconductor materials", "Molecular electronics", "Polymer material properties", "Polymer chemistry", "Nanotechnology", "Conductive polymers", "Organic semiconductors" ]
732,808	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suramin	Suramin is a medication used to treat African sleeping sickness and river blindness. It is the treatment of choice for sleeping sickness without central nervous system involvement. It is given by injection into a vein. Suramin causes a fair number of side effects. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea...	Suramin	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	1,532	[ "Organic compounds", "Antiprotozoal agents", "Biocides", "Ureas" ]
733,002	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil%20Turok	Neil Geoffrey Turok (born 16 November 1958) is a South African physicist. He has held the Higgs Chair of Theoretical Physics at the University of Edinburgh since 2020, and has been director emeritus of the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics since 2019. He specializes in mathematical physics and early-universe...	Neil Turok	[ "Physics" ]	1,144	[ "Theoretical physics", "Theoretical physicists" ]
733,009	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanopore%20sequencing	Nanopore sequencing is a third generation approach used in the sequencing of biopolymers — specifically, polynucleotides in the form of DNA or RNA. Nanopore sequencing allows a single molecule of DNA or RNA be sequenced without PCR amplification or chemical labeling. Nanopore sequencing has the potential to offer rel...	Nanopore sequencing	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	3,315	[ "Genetics techniques", "Materials science", "DNA sequencing methods", "DNA sequencing", "nan", "Nanotechnology" ]
733,038	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrico%20Fermi%20Institute	The Institute for Nuclear Studies was founded September 1945 as part of the University of Chicago with Samuel King Allison as director. On November 20, 1955, it was renamed The Enrico Fermi Institute for Nuclear Studies. The name was shortened to The Enrico Fermi Institute (EFI) in January 1968. Physicist Enrico Fer...	Enrico Fermi Institute	[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]	438	[ "Nuclear research institutes", "Theoretical physics", "Nuclear organizations", "Theoretical physics institutes" ]
733,204	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polythiophene	Polythiophenes (PTs) are polymerized thiophenes, a sulfur heterocycle. The parent PT is an insoluble colored solid with the formula (C4H2S)n. The rings are linked through the 2- and 5-positions. Poly(alkylthiophene)s have alkyl substituents at the 3- or 4-position(s). They are also colored solids, but tend to be sol...	Polythiophene	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	4,399	[ "Organic polymers", "Molecular physics", "Semiconductor materials", "Unsolved problems in physics", "Molecular electronics", "Plastics", "Organic compounds", "Nanotechnology", "Amorphous solids", "Conductive polymers", "Organic semiconductors" ]
733,241	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyaniline	Polyaniline (PANI) is a conducting polymer and organic semiconductor of the semi-flexible rod polymer family. The compound has been of interest since the 1980s because of its electrical conductivity and mechanical properties. Polyaniline is one of the most studied conducting polymers. Historical development Polyanilin...	Polyaniline	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	1,230	[ "Organic polymers", "Molecular physics", "Semiconductor materials", "Molecular electronics", "Organic compounds", "Nanotechnology", "Conductive polymers", "Organic semiconductors" ]
733,259	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyphenylene%20sulfide	Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) is an organic polymer consisting of aromatic rings linked by sulfides. Synthetic fiber and textiles derived from this polymer resist chemical and thermal attack. PPS is used in filter fabric for coal boilers, papermaking felts, electrical insulation, film capacitors, specialty membranes, gas...	Polyphenylene sulfide	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	782	[ "Organic polymers", "Molecular physics", "Synthetic fibers", "Synthetic materials", "Semiconductor materials", "Molecular electronics", "Organic compounds", "Nanotechnology", "Organic semiconductors" ]
734,256	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular%20modelling	Molecular modelling encompasses all methods, theoretical and computational, used to model or mimic the behaviour of molecules. The methods are used in the fields of computational chemistry, drug design, computational biology and materials science to study molecular systems ranging from small chemical systems to large b...	Molecular modelling	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	1,132	[ "Biological engineering", "Molecular physics", "Bioinformatics", "Theoretical chemistry", "Molecular modelling", "Computational chemistry", "Molecular biology", "Biochemistry" ]
20,501,535	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dislocation%20creep	Dislocation creep is a deformation mechanism in crystalline materials. Dislocation creep involves the movement of dislocations through the crystal lattice of the material, in contrast to diffusion creep, in which diffusion (of vacancies) is the dominant creep mechanism. It causes plastic deformation of the individual c...	Dislocation creep	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	3,291	[ "Continuum mechanics", "Crystallographic defects", "Classical mechanics", "Materials science", "Crystallography", "Materials degradation" ]
20,510,073	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity-vacuum%20transit	Gravity-vacuum transit (GVT) was a form of transportation developed by American inventor Lawrence Edwards in the early 1960s. Origin The origin of this technology is Alfred Ely Beach in 1965. When the U.S. Department of Defense charged all contractors to contemplate what will sustain them if defense funding should tap...	Gravity-vacuum transit	[ "Physics" ]	920	[ "Physical systems", "Transport", "Transport by mode" ]
20,510,749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial%20impact%20theory	Partial impact theory is an astronomical theory describing the partial collision of two stars and the temporary creation of a bright third star as a consequence. The theory was explained in Alexander William Bickerton's book The Romance of the Heavens published in 1901. It is not part of contemporary astrophysics. In...	Partial impact theory	[ "Physics", "Astronomy" ]	397	[ "Astrophysics theories", "Theoretical physics", "Astrophysics", "Physical cosmology", "Astronomical sub-disciplines" ]
20,511,149	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entanglement%20distillation	Entanglement distillation (also called entanglement purification) is the transformation of N copies of an arbitrary entangled state into some number of approximately pure Bell pairs, using only local operations and classical communication. Entanglement distillation can overcome the degenerative influence of noisy quan...	Entanglement distillation	[ "Physics" ]	4,830	[ "Statistical mechanics" ]
18,327,991	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QCD%20sum%20rules	In quantum chromodynamics, the confining and strong coupling nature of the theory means that conventional perturbative techniques often fail to apply. The QCD sum rules (or Shifman–Vainshtein–Zakharov sum rules) are a way of dealing with this. The idea is to work with gauge invariant operators and operator product expa...	QCD sum rules	[ "Physics" ]	422	[ "Particle physics stubs", "Particle physics" ]
18,330,578	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exa%20Corporation	Exa Corporation was a developer and distributor of computer-aided engineering (CAE) software. Its main product was PowerFLOW, a lattice-boltzmann derived implementation of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), which can very accurately simulate internal and external flows in low-Mach regimes. PowerFLOW is used extensivel...	Exa Corporation	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	928	[ "Computational fluid dynamics", "Fluid dynamics", "Computational physics" ]
18,334,481	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROHR2	ROHR2 is a CAE system for pipe stress analysis from SIGMA Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH, based in Unna, Germany. The software performs both static and dynamic analysis of complex piping and skeletal structures, and runs on Microsoft Windows platform. ROHR2 software comes with built-in industry standard stress codes; such ...	ROHR2	[ "Engineering" ]	966	[ "Structural engineering", "Computer-aided design", "Design engineering", "Structural analysis", "Mechanical engineering", "Aerospace engineering" ]
18,334,913	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sialome	The word, sialome, is a junction of the Greek word for saliva (sialos) and the suffix used in molecular biology to reference a totality of some sort, -ome. The name relating to its role in biochemistry. In biochemistry, the term sialome may refer to two distinct concepts: The set of mRNA and proteins expressed in t...	Sialome	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	407	[ "Biochemistry", "nan" ]
15,411,515	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMPU	N,N′-Dimethylpropyleneurea (DMPU) is a cyclic urea sometimes used as a polar, aprotic organic solvent. Along with the dimethylethyleneurea, it was introduced as an analog of tetramethylurea. In 1985, Dieter Seebach showed that it is possible to replace the suspected carcinogen hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) with DMPU....	DMPU	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering", "Environmental_science" ]	127	[ "Green chemistry", "Chemical engineering", "Environmental chemistry", "Functional groups", "Organic compounds", "nan", "Amides", "Organic compound stubs", "Organic chemistry stubs", "Ureas" ]
15,412,032	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overflow%20%28software%29	OVERFLOW - the OVERset grid FLOW solver - is a software package for simulating fluid flow around solid bodies using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It is a compressible 3-D flow solver that solves the time-dependent, Reynolds-averaged, Navier–Stokes equations using multiple overset structured grids. History OVERF...	Overflow (software)	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	290	[ "Computational fluid dynamics", "Chemical engineering", "Computational physics", "Piping", "Fluid dynamics" ]
15,413,167	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogeneous%20isotropic%20turbulence	Within the field of fluid dynamics, Homogeneous isotropic turbulence is an idealized version of the realistic turbulence, but amenable to analytical studies. The concept of isotropic turbulence was first introduced by G.I. Taylor in 1935. The meaning of the turbulence is given below, homogeneous, the statistical prope...	Homogeneous isotropic turbulence	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	176	[ "Turbulence", "Chemical engineering", "Piping", "Fluid dynamics stubs", "Fluid dynamics" ]
15,414,727	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentagonal%20pyramidal%20molecular%20geometry	In chemistry, pentagonal pyramidal molecular geometry describes the shape of compounds where in six atoms or groups of atoms or ligands are arranged around a central atom, at the vertices of a pentagonal pyramid. It is one of the few molecular geometries with uneven bond angles. Examples References Pentagonal pyra...	Pentagonal pyramidal molecular geometry	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	70	[ "Molecular geometry", "Molecules", "Stereochemistry", "Stereochemistry stubs", "Matter" ]
3,407,453	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nd%3AYCOB	Nd-doped YCOB (Nd:YCa4O(BO3)3) is a nonlinear optical crystal, which is commonly used as an active laser medium. It can be grown from a melt by the Czochralski technique. It belongs to the monoclinic system with space group Cs2-Cm. Each neodymium ion replaces a yttrium ion in the YCOB crystal structure. Parameters in ...	Nd:YCOB	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	137	[ "Anisotropic optical materials", "Crystallography", "Crystals", "Asymmetry", "Symmetry" ]
3,408,308	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic%20network%20modelling	Metabolic network modelling, also known as metabolic network reconstruction or metabolic pathway analysis, allows for an in-depth insight into the molecular mechanisms of a particular organism. In particular, these models correlate the genome with molecular physiology. A reconstruction breaks down metabolic pathways (s...	Metabolic network modelling	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	4,852	[ "Biological engineering", "Biomedical engineering", "Bioinformatics", "Cellular processes", "Biochemistry", "Medical technology", "Metabolism", "Systems biology" ]
3,408,660	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscopic%20reversibility	The principle of microscopic reversibility in physics and chemistry is twofold: First, it states that the microscopic detailed dynamics of particles and fields is time-reversible because the microscopic equations of motion are symmetric with respect to inversion in time (T-symmetry); Second, it relates to the statist...	Microscopic reversibility	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	1,165	[ "Physical chemistry", "Statistical mechanics", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "nan" ]
3,409,726	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yttrium%20iron%20garnet	Yttrium iron garnet (YIG) is a kind of synthetic garnet, with chemical composition , or Y3Fe5O12. It is a ferrimagnetic material with a Curie temperature of 560 K. YIG may also be known as yttrium ferrite garnet, or as iron yttrium oxide or yttrium iron oxide, the latter two names usually associated with powdered forms...	Yttrium iron garnet	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	511	[ "Matter", "Synthetic materials", "Ferromagnetic materials", "Materials", "Synthetic minerals" ]

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