id int64 39 79M | url stringlengths 32 168 | text stringlengths 7 145k | source stringlengths 2 105 | categories listlengths 1 6 | token_count int64 3 32.2k | subcategories listlengths 0 27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
213,070 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial%20insemination | Artificial insemination is the deliberate introduction of sperm into a female's cervix or uterine cavity for the purpose of achieving a pregnancy through in vivo fertilization by means other than sexual intercourse. It is a fertility treatment for humans, and is a common practice in animal breeding, including dairy cat... | Artificial insemination | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 9,459 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Phase transitions",
"Cryobiology",
"Biochemistry",
"Assisted reproductive technology",
"Medical technology"
] |
213,328 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative%20feedback | Negative feedback (or balancing feedback) occurs when some function of the output of a system, process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuations in the output, whether caused by changes in the input or by other disturbances. A classic example of negative feedback is a heating system th... | Negative feedback | [
"Mathematics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 4,155 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Computer engineering",
"Signal processing",
"Applied mathematics",
"Control theory",
"Analog circuits",
"Electronic engineering",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
7,745,101 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desmosine | Desmosine is an amino acid found uniquely in elastin, a protein found in connective tissue such as skin, lungs, and elastic arteries.
Desmosine is a component of elastin and cross links with its isomer, isodesmosine, giving elasticity to the tissue. Detection of desmosine in urine, plasma or sputum samples can be a m... | Desmosine | [
"Chemistry"
] | 2,234 | [
"Amino acids",
"Biomolecules by chemical classification",
"Protein structure",
"Structural biology"
] |
7,747,976 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket%20engine%20test%20facility | A rocket engine test facility is a location where rocket engines may be tested on the ground, under controlled conditions. A ground test program is generally required before the engine is certified for flight. Ground testing is very inexpensive in comparison to the cost of risking an entire mission or the lives of a fl... | Rocket engine test facility | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,365 | [
"Rocket engines",
"Aerospace system testing",
"Engines",
"Aerospace engineering"
] |
7,750,025 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screening%20router | A screening router performs packet-filtering and is used as a firewall. In some cases a screening router may be used as perimeter protection for the internal network or as the entire firewall solution.
References
See also
Access Control List
DMZ
Data security
Networking hardware
Computer network security | Screening router | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 59 | [
"Cybersecurity engineering",
"Computer network stubs",
"Computer networks engineering",
"Computer network security",
"Networking hardware",
"Computing stubs",
"Data security"
] |
12,403,587 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface%20of%20constant%20width | In geometry, a surface of constant width is a convex form whose width, measured by the distance between two opposite parallel planes touching its boundary, is the same regardless of the direction of those two parallel planes. One defines the width of the surface in a given direction to be the perpendicular distance be... | Surface of constant width | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 522 | [
"Geometric shapes",
"Euclidean solid geometry",
"Mathematical objects",
"Space",
"Geometric objects",
"Spacetime"
] |
12,404,937 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runoff%20model%20%28reservoir%29 | A runoff models or rainfall-runoff model describes how rainfall is converted into runoff in a drainage basin (catchment area or watershed). More precisely, it produces a surface runoff hydrograph in response to a rainfall event, represented by and input as a hyetograph.
Rainfall-runoff models need to be calibrated bef... | Runoff model (reservoir) | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Biology",
"Environmental_science"
] | 1,737 | [
"Hydrology",
"Biological models",
"Hydrology models",
"Environmental engineering",
"Environmental modelling"
] |
12,409,041 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurexin | Neurexins (NRXN) are a family of presynaptic cell adhesion proteins that have roles in connecting neurons at the synapse. They are located mostly on the presynaptic membrane and contain a single transmembrane domain. The extracellular domain interacts with proteins in the synaptic cleft, most notably neuroligin, while ... | Neurexin | [
"Chemistry"
] | 2,890 | [
"Molecular neuroscience",
"Molecular biology"
] |
3,294,173 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vactrain | A vactrain (or vacuum tube train) is a proposed design for very-high-speed rail transportation. It is a maglev (magnetic levitation) line using partly evacuated tubes or tunnels. Reduced air resistance could permit vactrains to travel at very high (hypersonic) speeds with relatively little power—up to . This is 5–6 tim... | Vactrain | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 1,715 | [
"Vacuum systems",
"Vacuum",
"Matter"
] |
3,294,483 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell%20in%20situ%20conversion%20process | The Shell in situ conversion process (Shell ICP) is an in situ shale oil extraction technology to convert kerogen in oil shale to shale oil. It is developed by the Shell Oil Company.
History
Shell's in situ conversion process has been under development since the early 1980s. In 1997, the first small scale test was co... | Shell in situ conversion process | [
"Chemistry"
] | 857 | [
"Petroleum technology",
"Oil shale technology",
"Synthetic fuel technologies"
] |
3,295,074 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platinum%20silicide | Platinum silicide, also known as platinum monosilicide, is the inorganic compound with the formula PtSi. It is a semiconductor that turns into a superconductor when cooled to 0.8 K.
Structure and bonding
The crystal structure of PtSi is orthorhombic, with each silicon atom having six neighboring platinum atoms. The di... | Platinum silicide | [
"Chemistry"
] | 916 | [
"Semiconductor materials"
] |
3,295,601 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme%20replacement%20therapy | Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is a medical treatment which replaces an enzyme that is deficient or absent in the body. Usually, this is done by giving the patient an intravenous (IV) infusion of a solution containing the enzyme.
ERT is available for some lysosomal storage diseases: Gaucher disease, Fabry disease, M... | Enzyme replacement therapy | [
"Biology"
] | 1,234 | [
"Life sciences industry"
] |
3,296,107 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jablonski%20diagram | In molecular spectroscopy, a Jablonski diagram is a diagram that illustrates the electronic states and often the vibrational levels of a molecule, and also the transitions between them. The states are arranged vertically by energy and grouped horizontally by spin multiplicity. Nonradiative transitions are indicated by ... | Jablonski diagram | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Astronomy"
] | 484 | [
"Spectroscopy stubs",
"Molecular physics",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Instrumental analysis",
"Astronomy stubs",
" molecular",
"nan",
"Atomic",
"Molecular physics stubs",
"Spectroscopy",
"Physical chemistry stubs",
" and optical physics"
] |
3,296,134 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morita%20equivalence | In abstract algebra, Morita equivalence is a relationship defined between rings that preserves many ring-theoretic properties. More precisely, two rings like R, S are Morita equivalent (denoted by ) if their categories of modules are additively equivalent (denoted by ). It is named after Japanese mathematician Kiiti Mo... | Morita equivalence | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,973 | [
"Mathematical structures",
"Ring theory",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Category theory",
"Duality theories",
"Geometry",
"Module theory"
] |
3,296,181 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indium%20arsenide | Indium arsenide, InAs, or indium monoarsenide, is a narrow-bandgap semiconductor composed of indium and arsenic. It has the appearance of grey cubic crystals with a melting point of 942 °C.
Indium arsenide is similar in properties to gallium arsenide and is a direct bandgap material, with a bandgap of 0.35 eV at room ... | Indium arsenide | [
"Chemistry"
] | 349 | [
"Semiconductor materials",
"III-V compounds",
"Inorganic compounds",
"III-V semiconductors"
] |
3,298,657 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-compact%20group | In mathematics, in particular algebraic topology, a p-compact group is a homotopical version of a compact Lie group, but with all the local structure concentrated at a single prime p. This concept was introduced in , making precise earlier notions of a mod p finite loop space. A p-compact group has many Lie-like proper... | P-compact group | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,251 | [
"Lie groups",
"Mathematical structures",
"Algebraic topology",
"Space (mathematics)",
"Group theory",
"Topological spaces",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Topology",
"Algebraic structures",
"Geometry",
"Manifolds",
"Symmetry"
] |
3,299,423 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transversality%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, transversality is a notion that describes how spaces can intersect; transversality can be seen as the "opposite" of tangency, and plays a role in general position. It formalizes the idea of a generic intersection in differential topology. It is defined by considering the linearizations of the intersecti... | Transversality (mathematics) | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,758 | [
"Topology",
"Differential topology",
"Geometry"
] |
5,900,871 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onium%20ion | In chemistry, an onium ion is a cation formally obtained by the protonation of mononuclear parent hydride of a pnictogen (group 15 of the periodic table), chalcogen (group 16), or halogen (group 17). The oldest-known onium ion, and the namesake for the class, is ammonium, , the protonated derivative of ammonia, .
The ... | Onium ion | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 2,807 | [
"Cations",
"nan",
"Ions",
"Matter"
] |
5,902,060 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directionality%20%28molecular%20biology%29 | Directionality, in molecular biology and biochemistry, is the end-to-end chemical orientation of a single strand of nucleic acid. In a single strand of DNA or RNA, the chemical convention of naming carbon atoms in the nucleotide pentose-sugar-ring means that there will be a 5′ end (usually pronounced "five-prime end"),... | Directionality (molecular biology) | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 1,574 | [
"Molecular genetics",
"Molecular biology"
] |
5,903,372 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrostatic-sensitive%20device | An electrostatic-sensitive device (often abbreviated ESD) is any component (primarily electrical) which can be damaged by common static charges which build up on people, tools, and other non-conductors or semiconductors. ESD commonly also stands for electrostatic discharge.
Overview
As electronic parts like computer c... | Electrostatic-sensitive device | [
"Engineering"
] | 693 | [
"Radio electronics",
"Electrical engineering",
"Electromagnetic compatibility"
] |
5,903,656 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal%20heating | Tidal heating (also known as tidal working or tidal flexing) occurs through the tidal friction processes: orbital and rotational energy is dissipated as heat in either (or both) the surface ocean or interior of a planet or satellite. When an object is in an elliptical orbit, the tidal forces acting on it are stronger n... | Tidal heating | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 1,003 | [
"Planetary science",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines",
"Concepts in astrophysics",
"Astrophysics"
] |
690,512 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akaike%20information%20criterion | The Akaike information criterion (AIC) is an estimator of prediction error and thereby relative quality of statistical models for a given set of data. Given a collection of models for the data, AIC estimates the quality of each model, relative to each of the other models. Thus, AIC provides a means for model selection.... | Akaike information criterion | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 4,641 | [
"Mathematical modeling",
"Physical quantities",
"Applied mathematics",
"Entropy and information",
"Entropy",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
691,277 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantity | Quantity or amount is a property that can exist as a multitude or magnitude, which illustrate discontinuity and continuity. Quantities can be compared in terms of "more", "less", or "equal", or by assigning a numerical value multiple of a unit of measurement. Mass, time, distance, heat, and angle are among the familiar... | Quantity | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 2,441 | [
"Quantity",
"Physical quantities",
"Measurement",
"Size"
] |
691,838 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unruh%20effect | The Unruh effect (also known as the Fulling–Davies–Unruh effect) is a theoretical prediction in quantum field theory that an observer who is uniformly accelerating through empty space will perceive a thermal bath. This means that even in the absence of any external heat sources, an accelerating observer will detect par... | Unruh effect | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 2,235 | [
"Quantum field theory",
"Physical phenomena",
"Hypotheses in physics",
"Physical quantities",
"Acceleration",
"Quantity",
"Theoretical physics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Thermodynamics",
"Theory of relativity",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
691,872 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal%20Aeronautical%20Society | The Royal Aeronautical Society, also known as the RAeS, is a British multi-disciplinary professional institution dedicated to the global aerospace community. Founded in 1866, it is the oldest aeronautical society in the world. Members, Fellows, and Companions of the society can use the post-nominal letters MRAeS, FRAeS... | Royal Aeronautical Society | [
"Engineering"
] | 4,391 | [
"Aerospace engineering",
"Aerospace engineering organizations",
"Royal Aeronautical Society",
"Aeronautics organizations"
] |
691,927 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invariant%20subspace%20problem | In the field of mathematics known as functional analysis, the invariant subspace problem is a partially unresolved problem asking whether every bounded operator on a complex Banach space sends some non-trivial closed subspace to itself. Many variants of the problem have been solved, by restricting the class of bounded ... | Invariant subspace problem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,463 | [
"Unsolved problems in mathematics",
"Functions and mappings",
"Functional analysis",
"Mathematical objects",
"Mathematical relations",
"Mathematical problems"
] |
692,003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kibble%20balance | A Kibble balance (also formerly known as a watt balance) is an electromechanical measuring instrument that measures the weight of a test object very precisely by the electric current and voltage needed to produce a compensating force. It is a metrological instrument that can realize the definition of the kilogram unit... | Kibble balance | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 2,334 | [
"Weighing instruments",
"Mass",
"Matter",
"Measuring instruments"
] |
692,024 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere%20balance | The ampere balance (also current balance or Kelvin balance) is an electromechanical apparatus used for the precise measurement of the SI unit of electric current, the ampere. It was invented by William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin.
The current to be measured is passed in series through two coils of wire, one of which is... | Ampere balance | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 573 | [
"Measuring instruments"
] |
692,112 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum%20ejector | A vacuum ejector, or simply ejector, or aspirator, is a type of vacuum pump, which produces vacuum by means of the Venturi effect.
In an ejector, a working fluid (liquid or gaseous) flows through a jet nozzle into a tube that first narrows and then expands in cross-sectional area. The fluid leaving the jet is flowing ... | Vacuum ejector | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 1,504 | [
"Vacuum pumps",
"Vacuum systems",
"Vacuum",
"Matter"
] |
692,369 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional%20coloring | Fractional coloring is a topic in a young branch of graph theory known as fractional graph theory. It is a generalization of ordinary graph coloring. In a traditional graph coloring, each vertex in a graph is assigned some color, and adjacent vertices — those connected by edges — must be assigned different colors. In a... | Fractional coloring | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,048 | [
"Graph coloring",
"Mathematical relations",
"Graph theory",
"Fractional graph theory"
] |
692,463 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation%20operator%20%28quantum%20mechanics%29 | This article concerns the rotation operator, as it appears in quantum mechanics.
Quantum mechanical rotations
With every physical rotation , we postulate a quantum mechanical rotation operator that is the rule that assigns to each vector in the space the vector
that is also in . We will show that, in terms of th... | Rotation operator (quantum mechanics) | [
"Physics"
] | 682 | [
"Quantum operators",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Symmetry",
"Rotational symmetry"
] |
692,601 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fludrocortisone | Fludrocortisone, sold under the brand name Florinef, among others, is a corticosteroid used to treat adrenogenital syndrome, postural hypotension, and adrenal insufficiency. In adrenal insufficiency, it is generally taken together with hydrocortisone. Fludrocortisone is taken by mouth and is most commonly used in its a... | Fludrocortisone | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,339 | [
"Chemicals in medicine",
"Prodrugs"
] |
693,002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6b%27s%20theorem | In mathematical logic, Löb's theorem states that in Peano arithmetic (PA) (or any formal system including PA), for any formula P, if it is provable in PA that "if P is provable in PA then P is true", then P is provable in PA. If Prov(P) means that the formula P is provable, we may express this more formally as
If
th... | Löb's theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,448 | [
"Mathematical theorems",
"Proof theory",
"Foundations of mathematics",
"Mathematical logic",
"Provability logic",
"Mathematical axioms",
"Mathematical problems",
"Modal logic",
"Theorems in the foundations of mathematics"
] |
693,673 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transition%20radiation | Transition radiation (TR) is a form of electromagnetic radiation emitted when a charged particle passes through inhomogeneous media, such as a boundary between two different media. This is in contrast to Cherenkov radiation, which occurs when a charged particle passes through a homogeneous dielectric medium at a speed ... | Transition radiation | [
"Physics"
] | 1,194 | [
"Experimental physics",
"Particle physics",
"Experimental particle physics"
] |
18,039,954 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish%20Centre%20for%20High-End%20Computing | The Irish Centre for High-End Computing (ICHEC) is the national high-performance computing centre in Ireland. It was established in 2005 and provides supercomputing resources, support, training and related services. ICHEC is involved in education and training, including providing courses for researchers.
Kay supercomp... | Irish Centre for High-End Computing | [
"Mathematics"
] | 939 | [
"Computational science",
"Applied mathematics"
] |
18,041,723 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TADIXS | The Tactical Data Information Exchange Subsystem (TADIXS) is a military communications system designed to allow the exchange of tactical information between commanders using the Global Command and Control System-Maritime (GCCS-M). Specifically, TADIXS allows for communication between land-based (shore) computer systems... | TADIXS | [
"Engineering"
] | 139 | [
"Military communications",
"Telecommunications engineering"
] |
18,048,054 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypograph%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, the hypograph or subgraph of a function is the set of points lying on or below its graph.
A related definition is that of such a function's epigraph, which is the set of points on or above the function's graph.
The domain (rather than the codomain) of the function is not particularly important for t... | Hypograph (mathematics) | [
"Mathematics"
] | 291 | [
"Mathematical analysis",
"Mathematical analysis stubs"
] |
14,039,006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic%20acid%20analogue | Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research. Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and on... | Nucleic acid analogue | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 4,931 | [
"Biomolecules by chemical classification",
"Gene expression",
"Molecular genetics",
"Cellular processes",
"Molecular biology",
"Biochemistry",
"Nucleic acids"
] |
14,041,249 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kab%20101 | Kab 101 is a Sea Pony-type minimum-facilities light-production oil platform operated by Mexican state-owned oil company PEMEX, and installed about off the coast of Tabasco, near the port of , in 1994. The platform was designed by British engineering firm SLP Engineering Limited. The platform also produces the wells K... | Kab 101 | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 912 | [
"Oil platforms",
"Petroleum technology",
"Natural gas technology",
"Structural engineering"
] |
14,045,585 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkylglycerol%20monooxygenase | Alkylglycerol monooxygenase (AGMO) () is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of alkylglycerols, a specific subclass of ether lipids. This enzyme was first described in 1964 as a pteridine-dependent ether lipid cleaving enzyme. In 2010 finally, the gene coding for alkylglycerol monooxygenase was discovered as tra... | Alkylglycerol monooxygenase | [
"Chemistry"
] | 481 | [
"Phospholipids",
"Signal transduction"
] |
14,048,614 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainbow | Brainbow is a process by which individual neurons in the brain can be distinguished from neighboring neurons using fluorescent proteins. By randomly expressing different ratios of red, green, and blue derivatives of green fluorescent protein in individual neurons, it is possible to flag each neuron with a distinctive c... | Brainbow | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 2,147 | [
"Biochemistry methods",
"Fluorescent proteins",
"Microscopy",
"Bioluminescence",
"Cell imaging"
] |
16,850,500 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KCNG1 | Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily G member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNG1 gene.
Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels represent the most complex class of voltage-gated ion channels from both functional and structural standpoints. Their diverse functions include regulating neurotransmitte... | KCNG1 | [
"Chemistry"
] | 159 | [
"Neurochemistry",
"Ion channels"
] |
16,850,535 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KIF2A | Kinesin-like protein KIF2A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIF2A gene. In mice, KIF2A is essential for proper neurogenesis and deficiency of KIF2A in mature neurons results in the loss of those neurons.
Kinesins, such as KIF2, are microtubule-associated motor proteins. For background information on kines... | KIF2A | [
"Chemistry"
] | 109 | [
"Molecular machines",
"Motor proteins"
] |
16,850,898 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PI4KAP2 | Putative phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase alpha-like protein P2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PI4KAP2 gene.
References
Further reading
Proteins | PI4KAP2 | [
"Chemistry"
] | 42 | [
"Biomolecules by chemical classification",
"Protein stubs",
"Biochemistry stubs",
"Molecular biology",
"Proteins"
] |
16,851,994 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRRX2 | Paired mesoderm homeobox protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRRX2 gene.
Function
The DNA-associated protein encoded by this gene is a member of the paired family of homeobox proteins. Expression is localized to proliferating fetal fibroblasts and the developing dermal layer, with downregulated e... | PRRX2 | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 140 | [
"Induced stem cells",
"Gene expression",
"Transcription factors",
"Signal transduction"
] |
16,852,203 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHF1 | PHD finger protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PHF1 gene.
Function
This gene encodes a protein with significant sequence similarity to Drosophila Polycomblike. The encoded protein contains a zinc finger-like PHD (plant homeodomain) finger which is distinct from other classes of zinc finger motifs... | PHF1 | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 131 | [
"Induced stem cells",
"Gene expression",
"Transcription factors",
"Signal transduction"
] |
16,852,328 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIX4 | Homeobox protein SIX4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SIX4 gene.
References
Further reading
Transcription factors | SIX4 | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 27 | [
"Induced stem cells",
"Gene expression",
"Transcription factors",
"Signal transduction"
] |
16,855,525 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRTC3 | CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRTC3 gene.
This gene has been shown to be linked to weight gain.
References
Further reading
External links
Gene expression
Transcription coregulators | CRTC3 | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 50 | [
"Gene expression",
"Molecular genetics",
"Cellular processes",
"Molecular biology",
"Biochemistry"
] |
16,855,603 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical%20electromagnetism%20and%20special%20relativity | The theory of special relativity plays an important role in the modern theory of classical electromagnetism. It gives formulas for how electromagnetic objects, in particular the electric and magnetic fields, are altered under a Lorentz transformation from one inertial frame of reference to another. It sheds light on th... | Classical electromagnetism and special relativity | [
"Physics"
] | 1,932 | [
"Electromagnetism",
"Physical phenomena",
"Special relativity",
"Fundamental interactions",
"Theory of relativity"
] |
2,404,348 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetization | In classical electromagnetism, magnetization is the vector field that expresses the density of permanent or induced magnetic dipole moments in a magnetic material. Accordingly, physicists and engineers usually define magnetization as the quantity of magnetic moment per unit volume.
It is represented by a pseudovector M... | Magnetization | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,325 | [
"Condensed matter physics",
"Electric and magnetic fields in matter",
"Materials science"
] |
2,404,544 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poincar%C3%A9%20recurrence%20theorem | In mathematics and physics, the Poincaré recurrence theorem states that certain dynamical systems will, after a sufficiently long but finite time, return to a state arbitrarily close to (for continuous state systems), or exactly the same as (for discrete state systems), their initial state.
The Poincaré recurrence tim... | Poincaré recurrence theorem | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,370 | [
"Theorems in dynamical systems",
"Ergodic theory",
"Mathematical problems",
"Statistical mechanics",
"Mathematical theorems",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
2,405,440 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enthalpy%20of%20atomization | In chemistry, the enthalpy of atomization (also atomisation in British English) is the enthalpy change that accompanies the total separation of all atoms in a chemical substance either an element or a compound. This is often represented by the symbol or All bonds in the compound are broken in atomization and none are... | Enthalpy of atomization | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 314 | [
"Thermodynamics stubs",
"Thermodynamic properties",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Enthalpy",
"Thermodynamics",
"Physical chemistry stubs"
] |
2,406,183 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20buffer | In computer science, a data buffer (or just buffer) is a region of memory used to store data temporarily while it is being moved from one place to another. Typically, the data is stored in a buffer as it is retrieved from an input device (such as a microphone) or just before it is sent to an output device (such as spea... | Data buffer | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,108 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Synchronization"
] |
2,407,249 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geitonogamy | Geitonogamy (from Greek geiton (γείτων) = neighbor + gamein (γαμεῖν) = to marry) is a type of self-pollination. Geitonogamous pollination is sometimes distinguished from the fertilizations that can result from it, geitonogamy. If a plant is self-incompatible, geitonogamy can reduce seed production.
Geitonogamy is when... | Geitonogamy | [
"Biology"
] | 322 | [
"Behavior",
"Plant reproduction",
"Plants",
"Reproduction"
] |
2,408,425 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoxia-inducible%20factor | Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that respond to decreases in available oxygen in the cellular environment, or hypoxia. They also respond to instances of pseudohypoxia, such as thiamine deficiency. Both hypoxia and pseudohypoxia leads to impairment of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production by... | Hypoxia-inducible factor | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 2,532 | [
"Transcription factors",
"Gene expression",
"Signal transduction",
"Developmental genes and proteins",
"Induced stem cells"
] |
2,408,688 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleophilic%20aromatic%20substitution | A nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) is a substitution reaction in organic chemistry in which the nucleophile displaces a good leaving group, such as a halide, on an aromatic ring. Aromatic rings are usually nucleophilic, but some aromatic compounds do undergo nucleophilic substitution. Just as normally nucleoph... | Nucleophilic aromatic substitution | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,590 | [
"Reaction mechanisms",
"Chemical kinetics",
"Physical organic chemistry"
] |
2,408,809 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilis%20C.%20Xanthopoulos | Basilis C. Xanthopoulos (also Vasilis; ; 8 April 1951 – 27 November 1990) was a Greek theoretical physicist, well known in the field of general relativity for his contributions to the study of colliding plane waves.
Early years
Basilis Xanthopoulos was born in Drama. He excelled in high school showing advanced analyt... | Basilis C. Xanthopoulos | [
"Physics"
] | 1,226 | [
"Theoretical physics",
"Theoretical physicists"
] |
2,408,819 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supramolecular%20electronics | Supramolecular electronics is the experimental field of supramolecular chemistry that bridges the gap between molecular electronics and bulk plastics in the construction of electronic circuitry at the nanoscale. In supramolecular electronics, assemblies of pi-conjugated systems on the 5 to 100 nanometer scale are prepa... | Supramolecular electronics | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 179 | [
"Molecular physics",
"Molecular electronics",
"Nanoelectronics",
"nan",
"Nanotechnology",
"Supramolecular chemistry"
] |
2,409,019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20t%20intron | Plasmid vectors are circular strands of DNA, found in virions, that are used in genetic engineering to integrate new genes into a host cell genome.
The small T intron is an intron, that is used in some plasmid vectors, in order to induce gene expression in mammalian cells.
Function
The function of this intron in the... | Small t intron | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 110 | [
"Gene expression",
"Molecular genetics",
"Cellular processes",
"Molecular biology",
"Biochemistry"
] |
2,409,216 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baeyer%E2%80%93Villiger%20oxidation | The Baeyer–Villiger oxidation is an organic reaction that forms an ester from a ketone or a lactone from a cyclic ketone, using peroxyacids or peroxides as the oxidant. The reaction is named after Adolf von Baeyer and Victor Villiger who first reported the reaction in 1899.
Reaction mechanism
In the first step of the ... | Baeyer–Villiger oxidation | [
"Chemistry"
] | 2,446 | [
"Esterification reactions",
"Organic redox reactions",
"Organic reactions",
"Name reactions",
"Organic oxidation reactions"
] |
15,121,214 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSim%20%28simulation%20toolkit%29 | OpenSim is an open source software system for biomechanical modeling, simulation and analysis. Its purpose is to provide free and widely accessible tools for conducting biomechanics research and motor control science. OpenSim enables a wide range of studies, including analysis of walking dynamics, studies of sports pe... | OpenSim (simulation toolkit) | [
"Physics"
] | 607 | [
"Biomechanics",
"Mechanics"
] |
15,121,242 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen%20infrastructure | A hydrogen infrastructure is the infrastructure of hydrogen pipeline transport, points of hydrogen production and hydrogen stations for distribution as well as the sale of hydrogen fuel, and thus a crucial prerequisite before a successful commercialization of fuel cell technology.
The hydrogen infrastructure would con... | Hydrogen infrastructure | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 3,572 | [
"Structural engineering",
"Chemical equipment",
"Building engineering",
"Chemical engineering",
"Physical systems",
"Transport",
"Sustainable transport",
"Hydraulics",
"Industrial gases",
"Piping",
"Mechanical engineering",
"Chemical process engineering",
"Pressure vessels"
] |
15,126,504 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parachor | Parachor is a quantity related to surface tension that was proposed by S. Sugden in 1924. It is defined according to the formula:
,
where is the surface tension, is the molar mass, is the liquid density, and is the vapor density in equilibrium with liquid. Parachor has a volume multiplier and is therefore extensi... | Parachor | [
"Engineering"
] | 525 | [
"Civil engineering",
"Fluid mechanics"
] |
15,127,042 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic%20integration | Thermodynamic integration is a method used to compare the difference in free energy between two given states (e.g., A and B) whose potential energies and have different dependences on the spatial coordinates. Because the free energy of a system is not simply a function of the phase space coordinates of the system, bu... | Thermodynamic integration | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 502 | [
"Theoretical chemistry",
"Statistical mechanics",
"Computational chemistry"
] |
15,127,988 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excess%20chemical%20potential | In thermodynamics, the excess chemical potential is defined as the difference between the chemical potential of a given species and that of an ideal gas under the same conditions (in particular, at the same pressure, temperature, and composition).
The chemical potential of a particle species is therefore given by an i... | Excess chemical potential | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 331 | [
"Chemical thermodynamics",
"Thermodynamics",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
15,128,823 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenom%20%28electron%20microscope%29 | Phenom is a small, table-top sized scanning electron microscope (SEM) originally developed by Philips and FEI and further developed by Phenom-World.
Features
The microscope features a combination of optical and electron-optical images; the optical image enables a "Neverlost" function so operators may navigate to any p... | Phenom (electron microscope) | [
"Chemistry",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 208 | [
"Microscopes",
"Measuring instruments",
"Microscopy"
] |
15,131,179 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alogliptin | Alogliptin, sold under the brand names Nesina and Vipidia, is an oral anti-diabetic drug in the DPP-4 inhibitor (gliptin) class. Like other members of the gliptin class, it causes little or no weight gain, exhibits relatively little risk of hypoglycemia, and has relatively modest glucose-lowering activity. Alogliptin a... | Alogliptin | [
"Chemistry"
] | 592 | [
"Stereochemistry",
"Functional groups",
"Enantiopure drugs",
"Organic compounds",
"Imides",
"Nitriles",
"Ureas"
] |
11,458,899 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metka | METKA ATE is the business unit of the Greek company Mytilineos S.A., undertaking the construction of large-scale projects in the sectors of energy, infrastructure and defence.
Metka’s main business activity is in construction of large power generation plants, most notably highly efficient combined cycle power plants. ... | Metka | [
"Engineering"
] | 931 | [
"Energy engineering and contractor companies",
"Engineering companies"
] |
11,460,461 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrosporium%20cocos | Macrosporium cocos is a plant pathogen.
References
External links
Index Fungorum
USDA ARS Fungal Database
Fungal plant pathogens and diseases
Pleosporaceae
Fungus species | Macrosporium cocos | [
"Biology"
] | 38 | [
"Fungi",
"Fungus species"
] |
11,461,759 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heme%20arginate | Heme arginate (or haem arginate) is a compound of heme and arginine used in the treatment of acute porphyrias. This heme product is only available outside the United States and is equivalent to hematin.
Heme arginate is a heme compound, whereby L-arginine is added to prevent rapid degradation. It is given intravenousl... | Heme arginate | [
"Chemistry"
] | 145 | [
"Porphyrins",
"Biomolecules"
] |
11,461,804 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemin | Hemin (haemin; ferric chloride heme) is an iron-containing porphyrin with chlorine that can be formed from a heme group, such as heme B found in the hemoglobin of human blood.
Chemistry
Hemin is protoporphyrin IX containing a ferric iron (Fe3+) ion with a coordinating chloride ligand.
Chemically, hemin differs from t... | Hemin | [
"Chemistry"
] | 594 | [
"Porphyrins",
"Biomolecules"
] |
11,462,382 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-tuning | In control theory a self-tuning system is capable of optimizing its own internal running parameters in order to maximize or minimize the fulfilment of an objective function; typically the maximization of efficiency or error minimization.
Self-tuning and auto-tuning often refer to the same concept. Many software resea... | Self-tuning | [
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 1,167 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Control theory",
"Control engineering",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
19,074,000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractory%20%28planetary%20science%29 | In planetary science, any material that has a relatively high equilibrium condensation temperature is called refractory. The opposite of refractory is volatile.
The refractory group includes elements and compounds like metals and silicates (commonly termed rocks) which make up the bulk of the mass of the terrestrial p... | Refractory (planetary science) | [
"Chemistry",
"Astronomy",
"Biology"
] | 200 | [
"Origin of life",
"Speculative evolution",
"Prebiotic chemistry",
"Astrobiology",
"Biological hypotheses",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines"
] |
19,074,153 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PGF/TikZ | PGF/TikZ is a pair of languages for producing vector graphics (e.g., technical illustrations and drawings) from a geometric/algebraic description, with standard features including the drawing of points, lines, arrows, paths, circles, ellipses and polygons. PGF is a lower-level language, while TikZ is a set of higher-le... | PGF/TikZ | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,046 | [
"Graph description languages",
"Mathematical relations",
"Graph theory"
] |
19,074,264 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amalgam%20%28chemistry%29 | An amalgam is an alloy of mercury with another metal. It may be a liquid, a soft paste or a solid, depending upon the proportion of mercury. These alloys are formed through metallic bonding, with the electrostatic attractive force of the conduction electrons working to bind all the positively charged metal ions togethe... | Amalgam (chemistry) | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,944 | [
"Amalgams",
"Alloys"
] |
19,074,735 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless%20Home%20Digital%20Interface | Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI) is a consumer electronic specification for a wireless HDTV connectivity throughout the home.
WHDI enables delivery of uncompressed high-definition digital video over a wireless radio channel connecting any video source (computers, mobile phones, Blu-ray players etc.) to any compa... | Wireless Home Digital Interface | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,570 | [
"Wireless display technologies",
"Computer standards",
"Wireless networking",
"Computer networks engineering",
"Networking standards"
] |
19,075,439 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slot-waveguide | A slot-waveguide is an optical waveguide that guides strongly confined light in a subwavelength-scale low refractive index region by total internal reflection.
A slot-waveguide consists of two strips or slabs of high-refractive-index (nH) materials separated by a subwavelength-scale low-refractive-index (nS) slot regi... | Slot-waveguide | [
"Materials_science",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,404 | [
"Glass engineering and science",
"Optical components",
"Components"
] |
19,078,871 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard%E2%80%93Merritt%20mass%20estimator | In astronomy, the Leonard–Merritt mass estimator is a formula for estimating the mass of a spherical stellar system using the apparent (angular) positions and proper motions of its component stars. The distance to the stellar system must also be known.
Like the virial theorem, the Leonard–Merritt estimator yields corr... | Leonard–Merritt mass estimator | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 425 | [
"Black holes",
"Concepts in astronomy",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Classical mechanics",
"Supermassive black holes",
"Astrophysics",
"Astrometry",
"Equations of astronomy",
"Celestial mechanics",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines",
"Stellar astronomy"
] |
19,079,107 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tritium%20Systems%20Test%20Assembly | The Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) was a facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory dedicated to the development and demonstration of technologies required for fusion-relevant deuterium-tritium processing. Facility design was launched in 1977. It was commissioned in 1982, and the first tritium was processed in 19... | Tritium Systems Test Assembly | [
"Physics"
] | 85 | [
"Nuclear and atomic physics stubs",
"Nuclear physics"
] |
10,016,360 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excellent%20ring | In commutative algebra, a quasi-excellent ring is a Noetherian commutative ring that behaves well with respect to the operation of completion, and is called an excellent ring if it is also universally catenary. Excellent rings are one answer to the problem of finding a natural class of "well-behaved" rings containing m... | Excellent ring | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,454 | [
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Commutative algebra",
"Algebraic geometry"
] |
10,018,162 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First%20fix%20and%20second%20fix | First fix and second fix are terms used in the UK and Irish housebuilding and commercial building construction industry.
First fix comprises all the work needed to take a building from foundation to putting plaster on the internal walls. This includes constructing walls, floors and ceilings, and inserting cables for e... | First fix and second fix | [
"Engineering"
] | 778 | [
"Building engineering",
"Civil engineering",
"Architecture"
] |
10,023,138 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandrasekhar%20number | The Chandrasekhar number is a dimensionless quantity used in magnetic convection to represent ratio of the Lorentz force to the viscosity. It is named after the Indian astrophysicist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar.
The number's main function is as a measure of the magnetic field, being proportional to the square of a char... | Chandrasekhar number | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Astronomy",
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 236 | [
"Chemical engineering",
"Mathematical objects",
"Astrophysics",
"Number stubs",
"Piping",
"Fluid dynamics",
"Numbers",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines",
"Magnetohydrodynamics"
] |
10,025,116 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tippe%20top | A tippe top is a kind of top that when spun, will spontaneously invert itself to spin on its narrow stem. It was invented by a German nurse, Helene Sperl in 1898.
Description
A tippe top usually has a body shaped like a truncated sphere, with a short narrow stem attached perpendicular to the center of the flat circula... | Tippe top | [
"Physics"
] | 478 | [
"Mechanics",
"Classical mechanics"
] |
10,026,140 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical%20cyclone%20seasonal%20forecasting | Tropical cyclone seasonal forecasting is the process of predicting the number of tropical cyclones in one of the world's seven tropical cyclone basins during a particular tropical cyclone season. In the north Atlantic Ocean, one of the most widely publicized annual predictions comes from the Tropical Meteorology Projec... | Tropical cyclone seasonal forecasting | [
"Physics"
] | 806 | [
"Weather",
"Weather prediction",
"Physical phenomena"
] |
10,027,043 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison%20of%20privilege%20authorization%20features | A number of computer operating systems employ security features to help prevent malicious software from gaining sufficient privileges to compromise the computer system. Operating systems lacking such features, such as DOS, Windows implementations prior to Windows NT (and its descendants), CP/M-80, and all Mac operating... | Comparison of privilege authorization features | [
"Engineering"
] | 2,685 | [
"Cybersecurity engineering",
"Computer access control"
] |
10,027,284 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hook%20%28hand%20tool%29 | A hook is a hand tool used for securing and moving loads. It consists of a round wooden handle with a strong metal hook about long projecting at a right angle from the center of the handle. The appliance is held in a closed fist with the hook projecting between two fingers.
This type of hook is used in many different... | Hook (hand tool) | [
"Engineering"
] | 900 | [
"Human–machine interaction",
"Hand tools"
] |
1,133,088 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastic%20scattering | Elastic scattering is a form of particle scattering in scattering theory, nuclear physics and particle physics. In this process, the internal states of the particles involved stay the same. In the non-relativistic case, where the relative velocities of the particles are much less than the speed of light, elastic scatte... | Elastic scattering | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 624 | [
"Condensed matter physics",
"Scattering",
"Particle physics",
"Nuclear physics"
] |
1,134,659 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block%20code | In coding theory, block codes are a large and important family of error-correcting codes that encode data in blocks.
There is a vast number of examples for block codes, many of which have a wide range of practical applications. The abstract definition of block codes is conceptually useful because it allows coding theor... | Block code | [
"Mathematics"
] | 2,441 | [
"Discrete mathematics",
"Coding theory"
] |
1,134,865 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Door%20furniture | Door furniture (British and Australian English) or door hardware (North American English) refers to any of the items that are attached to a door or a drawer to enhance its functionality or appearance.
Design of door furniture is an issue to disabled persons who might have difficulty opening or using some kinds of doo... | Door furniture | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 942 | [
"Machines",
"Building engineering",
"Architecture",
"Physical systems",
"Construction",
"Architectural elements",
"Hardware (mechanical)",
"Components"
] |
1,135,199 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroboscopic%20effect | The stroboscopic effect is a visual phenomenon caused by aliasing that occurs when continuous rotational or other cyclic motion is represented by a series of short or instantaneous samples (as opposed to a continuous view) at a sampling rate close to the period of the motion. It accounts for the "wagon-wheel effect", s... | Stroboscopic effect | [
"Physics"
] | 3,788 | [
"Optical phenomena",
"Physical phenomena",
"Optical illusions"
] |
1,135,311 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matched%20filter | In signal processing, the output of the matched filter is given by correlating a known delayed signal, or template, with an unknown signal to detect the presence of the template in the unknown signal. This is equivalent to convolving the unknown signal with a conjugated time-reversed version of the template. The matche... | Matched filter | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy",
"Engineering"
] | 3,403 | [
"Statistical signal processing",
"Astrophysics",
"Engineering statistics",
"Gravitational-wave astronomy",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines"
] |
1,135,324 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate%20variables | Conjugate variables are pairs of variables mathematically defined in such a way that they become Fourier transform duals, or more generally are related through Pontryagin duality. The duality relations lead naturally to an uncertainty relation—in physics called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle—between them. In math... | Conjugate variables | [
"Physics"
] | 1,003 | [
"Quantum mechanics",
"Theoretical physics",
"Mechanics",
"Classical mechanics"
] |
1,135,333 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambiguity%20function | In pulsed radar and sonar signal processing, an ambiguity function is a two-dimensional function of propagation delay and Doppler frequency , . It represents the distortion of a returned pulse due to the receiver matched filter (commonly, but not exclusively, used in pulse compression radar) of the return from a movin... | Ambiguity function | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 2,349 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Computer engineering",
"Signal processing",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Time–frequency analysis",
"Frequency-domain analysis"
] |
1,136,348 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoeffding%27s%20inequality | In probability theory, Hoeffding's inequality provides an upper bound on the probability that the sum of bounded independent random variables deviates from its expected value by more than a certain amount. Hoeffding's inequality was proven by Wassily Hoeffding in 1963.
Hoeffding's inequality is a special case of the A... | Hoeffding's inequality | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,048 | [
"Theorems in probability theory",
"Probabilistic inequalities",
"Inequalities (mathematics)"
] |
1,137,227 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA%20methylation | DNA methylation is a biological process by which methyl groups are added to the DNA molecule. Methylation can change the activity of a DNA segment without changing the sequence. When located in a gene promoter, DNA methylation typically acts to repress gene transcription. In mammals, DNA methylation is essential for no... | DNA methylation | [
"Chemistry"
] | 11,202 | [
"Methylation"
] |
4,472,066 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic%20formula | In mathematical logic, an atomic formula (also known as an atom or a prime formula) is a formula with no deeper propositional structure, that is, a formula that contains no logical connectives or equivalently a formula that has no strict subformulas. Atoms are thus the simplest well-formed formulas of the logic. Compou... | Atomic formula | [
"Mathematics"
] | 559 | [
"Logical expressions",
"Basic concepts in set theory",
"Predicate logic",
"Mathematical logic"
] |
4,472,911 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traverse%20%28surveying%29 | Traverse is a method in the field of surveying to establish control networks. It is also used in geodesy. Traverse networks involve placing survey stations along a line or path of travel, and then using the previously surveyed points as a base for observing the next point. Connected survey lines form the framework and ... | Traverse (surveying) | [
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 532 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Construction",
"Surveying",
"Civil engineering",
"Geodesy"
] |
4,472,938 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperelastic%20material | A hyperelastic or Green elastic material is a type of constitutive model for ideally elastic material for which the stress–strain relationship derives from a strain energy density function. The hyperelastic material is a special case of a Cauchy elastic material.
For many materials, linear elastic models do not accura... | Hyperelastic material | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science"
] | 1,392 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Solid mechanics",
"Continuum mechanics",
"Elasticity (physics)",
"Deformation (mechanics)",
"Classical mechanics",
"Mechanics",
"Physical properties"
] |
4,473,265 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calogero%20conjecture | The Calogero conjecture is a minority interpretation of quantum mechanics. It is a quantization explanation involving quantum mechanics, originally stipulated in 1997 and further republished in 2004 by Francesco Calogero that suggests the classical stochastic background field to which Edward Nelson attributes quantum ... | Calogero conjecture | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 450 | [
"Unsolved problems in mathematics",
"Theoretical physics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Conjectures",
"Mathematical problems"
] |
4,473,277 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel%E2%80%93Colman%20rearrangement | The Gabriel–Colman rearrangement is the chemical reaction of a saccharin or phthalimido ester with a strong base, such as an alkoxide, to form substituted isoquinolines. First described in 1900 by chemists Siegmund Gabriel and James Colman, this rearrangement, a ring expansion, is seen to be general if there is an enol... | Gabriel–Colman rearrangement | [
"Chemistry"
] | 773 | [
"Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions",
"Heterocycle forming reactions",
"Name reactions",
"Organic reactions",
"Rearrangement reactions"
] |
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