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<human>: What happens during a flexible sigmoidoscopy? <bot>: A flexible sigmoidoscopy usually lasts from 10 to 20 minutes. You may not need to be sedated. Your doctor will have you lie on your left side, with your knees drawn up. He will insert the sigmoidoscope through the rectum and pass it into your sigmoid colon. The doctor will use a small amount of air to expand the colon to see the colon walls. You may feel mild cramping during the procedure. To lessen those cramps, you can take several slow, deep breaths. The doctor will slowly take the sigmoidoscope out while carefully examining the lining of your bowel.,context:Flexible sigmoidoscopy is a test that a doctor uses to check the inner lining of your rectum and the lower part of your colon. You may get this test if you have certain gut problems, such as abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, or changes in bowel habits. It's also one of the tools that doctors use to check people for colon and rectal cancer. A sigmoidoscope is a long, flexible tube that's about half an inch in diameter. It has a tiny light and camera. A doctor uses it to view the lining of the rectum and the lower third of the colon. First, tell your doctor if you: Are pregnant Have a lung or heart condition Are allergic to any medications Have diabetes or take drugs that may affect blood clotting If you take certain medicines, your doctor may need to adjust them before you get this test. You may need to take antibiotics before the sigmoidoscopy if you: Have an artificial heart valve Have a history of endocarditis No. But your bowel must be cleansed in order for sigmoidoscopy to be successful. Your doctor will tell you how to do that and whether you need to adjust your diet before the test. You will probably need at least one enema before the procedure, in order to empty out your rectum and lower intestine so that the test can show the intestinal walls. Be sure to follow all of the prep instructions, so that the test can deliver the best results. A flexible sigmoidoscopy usually lasts from 10 to 20 minutes. You may not need to be sedated. Your doctor will have you lie on your left side, with your knees drawn up. He will insert the sigmoidoscope through the rectum and pass it into your sigmoid colon. The doctor will use a small amount of air to expand the colon to see the colon walls. You may feel mild cramping during the procedure. To lessen those cramps, you can take several slow, deep breaths. The doctor will slowly take the sigmoidoscope out while carefully examining the lining of your bowel. After the procedure, your doctor will talk with you about the results. You may go back to your normal diet and activities. If the doctor found any growths, or polyps, during the procedure, you may get a biopsy (removal of tissue) of the polyp or polyps. Or your doctor may recommend that you get a complete colon exam, by colonoscopy with polyp removal. You may feel some cramping or feel like you're having gas, but this usually passes quickly. It's rare, but it's possible that sigmoidoscopy could puncture the colon. If you have any of the following, call your doctor immediately: Severe abdominal pain Fever and chills Heavy rectal bleeding (greater than 1 teaspoon at a time),Flexible sigmoidoscopy is a test that a doctor uses to check the inner lining of your rectum and the lower part of your colon.You may get this test if you have certain gut problems, such as abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, or changes in bowel habits.It's also one of the tools that doctors use to check people for colon and rectal cancer.A sigmoidoscope is a long, flexible tube that's about half an inch in diameter.It has a tiny light and camera.A doctor uses it to view the lining of the rectum and the lower third of the colon.First, tell your doctor if you: Are pregnant Have a lung or heart condition Are allergic to any medications Have diabetes or take drugs that may affect blood clotting If you take certain medicines, your doctor may need to adjust them before you get this test.You may need to take antibiotics before the sigmoidoscopy if you: Have an artificial heart valve Have a history of endocarditis No.But your bowel must be cleansed in order for sigmoidoscopy to be successful.Your doctor will tell you how to do that and whether you need to adjust your diet before the test.You will probably need at least one enema before the procedure, in order to empty out your rectum and lower intestine so that the test can show the intestinal walls.Be sure to follow all of the prep instructions, so that the test can deliver the best results.A flexible sigmoidoscopy usually lasts from 10 to 20 minutes.You may not need to be sedated.Your doctor will have you lie on your left side, with your knees drawn up.He will insert the sigmoidoscope through the rectum and pass it into your sigmoid colon.The doctor will use a small amount of air to expand the colon to see the colon walls.You may feel mild cramping during the procedure.To lessen those cramps, you can take several slow, deep breaths.The doctor will slowly take the sigmoidoscope out while carefully examining the lining of your bowel.After the procedure, your doctor will talk with you about the results.You may go back to your normal diet and activities.If the doctor found any growths, or polyps, during the procedure, you may get a biopsy (removal of tissue) of the polyp or polyps.Or your doctor may recommend that you get a complete colon exam, by colonoscopy with polyp removal.You may feel some cramping or feel like you're having gas, but this usually passes quickly.It's rare, but it's possible that sigmoidoscopy could puncture the colon.If you have any of the following, call your doctor immediately: Severe abdominal pain Fever and chills Heavy rectal bleeding (greater than 1 teaspoon at a time)

<human>: What is used to do a flexible sigmoidoscopy? <bot>: Flexible sigmoidoscopy is a test that a doctor uses to check the inner lining of your rectum and the lower part of your colon. A doctor uses it to view the lining of the rectum and the lower third of the colon. It's rare, but it's possible that sigmoidoscopy could puncture the colon.,context:Flexible sigmoidoscopy is a test that a doctor uses to check the inner lining of your rectum and the lower part of your colon. You may get this test if you have certain gut problems, such as abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, or changes in bowel habits. It's also one of the tools that doctors use to check people for colon and rectal cancer. A sigmoidoscope is a long, flexible tube that's about half an inch in diameter. It has a tiny light and camera. A doctor uses it to view the lining of the rectum and the lower third of the colon. First, tell your doctor if you: Are pregnant Have a lung or heart condition Are allergic to any medications Have diabetes or take drugs that may affect blood clotting If you take certain medicines, your doctor may need to adjust them before you get this test. You may need to take antibiotics before the sigmoidoscopy if you: Have an artificial heart valve Have a history of endocarditis No. But your bowel must be cleansed in order for sigmoidoscopy to be successful. Your doctor will tell you how to do that and whether you need to adjust your diet before the test. You will probably need at least one enema before the procedure, in order to empty out your rectum and lower intestine so that the test can show the intestinal walls. Be sure to follow all of the prep instructions, so that the test can deliver the best results. A flexible sigmoidoscopy usually lasts from 10 to 20 minutes. You may not need to be sedated. Your doctor will have you lie on your left side, with your knees drawn up. He will insert the sigmoidoscope through the rectum and pass it into your sigmoid colon. The doctor will use a small amount of air to expand the colon to see the colon walls. You may feel mild cramping during the procedure. To lessen those cramps, you can take several slow, deep breaths. The doctor will slowly take the sigmoidoscope out while carefully examining the lining of your bowel. After the procedure, your doctor will talk with you about the results. You may go back to your normal diet and activities. If the doctor found any growths, or polyps, during the procedure, you may get a biopsy (removal of tissue) of the polyp or polyps. Or your doctor may recommend that you get a complete colon exam, by colonoscopy with polyp removal. You may feel some cramping or feel like you're having gas, but this usually passes quickly. It's rare, but it's possible that sigmoidoscopy could puncture the colon. If you have any of the following, call your doctor immediately: Severe abdominal pain Fever and chills Heavy rectal bleeding (greater than 1 teaspoon at a time),Flexible sigmoidoscopy is a test that a doctor uses to check the inner lining of your rectum and the lower part of your colon.You may get this test if you have certain gut problems, such as abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, or changes in bowel habits.It's also one of the tools that doctors use to check people for colon and rectal cancer.A sigmoidoscope is a long, flexible tube that's about half an inch in diameter.It has a tiny light and camera.A doctor uses it to view the lining of the rectum and the lower third of the colon.First, tell your doctor if you: Are pregnant Have a lung or heart condition Are allergic to any medications Have diabetes or take drugs that may affect blood clotting If you take certain medicines, your doctor may need to adjust them before you get this test.You may need to take antibiotics before the sigmoidoscopy if you: Have an artificial heart valve Have a history of endocarditis No.But your bowel must be cleansed in order for sigmoidoscopy to be successful.Your doctor will tell you how to do that and whether you need to adjust your diet before the test.You will probably need at least one enema before the procedure, in order to empty out your rectum and lower intestine so that the test can show the intestinal walls.Be sure to follow all of the prep instructions, so that the test can deliver the best results.A flexible sigmoidoscopy usually lasts from 10 to 20 minutes.You may not need to be sedated.Your doctor will have you lie on your left side, with your knees drawn up.He will insert the sigmoidoscope through the rectum and pass it into your sigmoid colon.The doctor will use a small amount of air to expand the colon to see the colon walls.You may feel mild cramping during the procedure.To lessen those cramps, you can take several slow, deep breaths.The doctor will slowly take the sigmoidoscope out while carefully examining the lining of your bowel.After the procedure, your doctor will talk with you about the results.You may go back to your normal diet and activities.If the doctor found any growths, or polyps, during the procedure, you may get a biopsy (removal of tissue) of the polyp or polyps.Or your doctor may recommend that you get a complete colon exam, by colonoscopy with polyp removal.You may feel some cramping or feel like you're having gas, but this usually passes quickly.It's rare, but it's possible that sigmoidoscopy could puncture the colon.If you have any of the following, call your doctor immediately: Severe abdominal pain Fever and chills Heavy rectal bleeding (greater than 1 teaspoon at a time)

<human>: Who’s most likely to have a reaction to a sun-sensitizing drug? <bot>: It's important to note that not every person who uses these drugs has a reaction. If it does happen, it can be a one-time occurrence, or it can happen each time the drug is taken and sun exposure occurs. People with HIV are among the most likely group to experience sun sensitivity to drugs.,context:Sun-sensitizing drugs are drugs that have side effects when people taking them are exposed to the sun. Some reactions are caused by exposure to the sun's UVB or "short" waves, but most are caused by UVA or "long" wave exposure. There are two main types of sun-sensitizing drug reactions. They are: Photoallergy. In this case, problems occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medicines or compounds are applied to the skin's surface. The ultraviolet ( UV) light of the sun causes a structural change in the drug. This, in turn, causes the production of antibodies that are responsible for the sun-sensitivity reaction. The reaction usually includes an eczema-type rash, which often occurs a few days after exposure. The rash can also spread to parts of the body that were not exposed to the sun. Phototoxicity. This is the most common type of sun-sensitivity drug reaction. It can occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medications are injected, taken orally, or applied to the skin. The drug absorbs the UV light, then releases it into the skin, causing cell death. Within a few days, symptoms appear on the exposed areas of the body. In some people, symptoms can persist up to 20 years after the medication is stopped. Among the most common phototoxic drugs areamiodarone ( Cordarone, a heart medication). NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen), and the tetracycline family. It's important to note that not every person who uses these drugs has a reaction. If it does happen, it can be a one-time occurrence, or it can happen each time the drug is taken and sun exposure occurs. People with HIV are among the most likely group to experience sun sensitivity to drugs. Sun-sensitizing drugs can aggravate existing skin conditions, including eczema and herpes, and may inflame scar tissue. Sun exposure can also worsen or even precipitate autoimmune disorders, such as lupus. Can sunscreen help? Absolutely. It will lessen the impact of sun exposure. But some ingredients in sunscreens are potentially photosensitizing, so in rare circumstances, it could worsen symptoms. There are dozens of medications and over-the-counter drugs that can cause sun sensitivity. Some of the most common include: Antibiotics: doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim Antidepressants: doxepin ( Sinequan); and other tricyclics; St. John's wort Antifungals: griseofulvin Antihistamine: promethazine, diphenhydramine Antihypertensives (blood pressure drugs): hydrochlorothiazide (also found in some blood pressure medicines: Aldactazide, Capozide), diltiazem ( Cardizem) Benzocaine Benzoyl peroxide Cholesterol drugs: atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin Chemotherapy drugs: doxorubicin, flutamide, 5- FU, gemcitabine, methotrexate Diuretics: bumetanide, furosemide, hydrolorothiazide Hypoglycemics: glipizide, glyburide Neuroleptic drugs: Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, perphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories: celecoxib, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, piroxicam Other drugs: dapsone, Para-aminobenzoic acid ( PABA), quinidine. PDT Pro photosensitizers: 5-aminolevulinic acid, methyl-5-aminolevulinic acid Retinoids: acitretin, isotretinoin Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole,Sun-sensitizing drugs are drugs that have side effects when people taking them are exposed to the sun.Some reactions are caused by exposure to the sun's UVB or "short" waves, but most are caused by UVA or "long" wave exposure.There are two main types of sun-sensitizing drug reactions.They are: Photoallergy.In this case, problems occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medicines or compounds are applied to the skin's surface.The ultraviolet ( UV) light of the sun causes a structural change in the drug.This, in turn, causes the production of antibodies that are responsible for the sun-sensitivity reaction.The reaction usually includes an eczema-type rash, which often occurs a few days after exposure.The rash can also spread to parts of the body that were not exposed to the sun.Phototoxicity.This is the most common type of sun-sensitivity drug reaction.It can occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medications are injected, taken orally, or applied to the skin.The drug absorbs the UV light, then releases it into the skin, causing cell death.Within a few days, symptoms appear on the exposed areas of the body.In some people, symptoms can persist up to 20 years after the medication is stopped.Among the most common phototoxic drugs areamiodarone ( Cordarone, a heart medication).NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen), and the tetracycline family.It's important to note that not every person who uses these drugs has a reaction.If it does happen, it can be a one-time occurrence, or it can happen each time the drug is taken and sun exposure occurs.People with HIV are among the most likely group to experience sun sensitivity to drugs.Sun-sensitizing drugs can aggravate existing skin conditions, including eczema and herpes, and may inflame scar tissue.Sun exposure can also worsen or even precipitate autoimmune disorders, such as lupus.Can sunscreen help?Absolutely.It will lessen the impact of sun exposure.But some ingredients in sunscreens are potentially photosensitizing, so in rare circumstances, it could worsen symptoms.There are dozens of medications and over-the-counter drugs that can cause sun sensitivity.Some of the most common include: Antibiotics: doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim Antidepressants: doxepin ( Sinequan); and other tricyclics; St. John's wort Antifungals: griseofulvin Antihistamine: promethazine, diphenhydramine Antihypertensives (blood pressure drugs): hydrochlorothiazide (also found in some blood pressure medicines: Aldactazide, Capozide), diltiazem ( Cardizem) Benzocaine Benzoyl peroxide Cholesterol drugs: atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin Chemotherapy drugs: doxorubicin, flutamide, 5- FU, gemcitabine, methotrexate Diuretics: bumetanide, furosemide, hydrolorothiazide Hypoglycemics: glipizide, glyburide Neuroleptic drugs: Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, perphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories: celecoxib, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, piroxicam Other drugs: dapsone, Para-aminobenzoic acid ( PABA), quinidine.PDT Pro photosensitizers: 5-aminolevulinic acid, methyl-5-aminolevulinic acid Retinoids: acitretin, isotretinoin Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole

<human>: What drugs can cause sun sensitivity? <bot>: There are dozens of medications and over-the-counter drugs that can cause sun sensitivity. Some of the most common include: Antibiotics: doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim Antidepressants: doxepin ( Sinequan); and other tricyclics; St. John's wort Antifungals: griseofulvin Antihistamine: promethazine, diphenhydramine Antihypertensives (blood pressure drugs): hydrochlorothiazide (also found in some blood pressure medicines: Aldactazide, Capozide), diltiazem ( Cardizem) Benzocaine Benzoyl peroxide Cholesterol drugs: atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin Chemotherapy drugs: doxorubicin, flutamide, 5- FU, gemcitabine, methotrexate Diuretics: bumetanide, furosemide, hydrolorothiazide Hypoglycemics: glipizide, glyburide Neuroleptic drugs: Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, perphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories: celecoxib, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, piroxicam Other drugs: dapsone, Para-aminobenzoic acid ( PABA), quinidine.,context:Sun-sensitizing drugs are drugs that have side effects when people taking them are exposed to the sun. Some reactions are caused by exposure to the sun's UVB or "short" waves, but most are caused by UVA or "long" wave exposure. There are two main types of sun-sensitizing drug reactions. They are: Photoallergy. In this case, problems occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medicines or compounds are applied to the skin's surface. The ultraviolet ( UV) light of the sun causes a structural change in the drug. This, in turn, causes the production of antibodies that are responsible for the sun-sensitivity reaction. The reaction usually includes an eczema-type rash, which often occurs a few days after exposure. The rash can also spread to parts of the body that were not exposed to the sun. Phototoxicity. This is the most common type of sun-sensitivity drug reaction. It can occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medications are injected, taken orally, or applied to the skin. The drug absorbs the UV light, then releases it into the skin, causing cell death. Within a few days, symptoms appear on the exposed areas of the body. In some people, symptoms can persist up to 20 years after the medication is stopped. Among the most common phototoxic drugs areamiodarone ( Cordarone, a heart medication). NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen), and the tetracycline family. It's important to note that not every person who uses these drugs has a reaction. If it does happen, it can be a one-time occurrence, or it can happen each time the drug is taken and sun exposure occurs. People with HIV are among the most likely group to experience sun sensitivity to drugs. Sun-sensitizing drugs can aggravate existing skin conditions, including eczema and herpes, and may inflame scar tissue. Sun exposure can also worsen or even precipitate autoimmune disorders, such as lupus. Can sunscreen help? Absolutely. It will lessen the impact of sun exposure. But some ingredients in sunscreens are potentially photosensitizing, so in rare circumstances, it could worsen symptoms. There are dozens of medications and over-the-counter drugs that can cause sun sensitivity. Some of the most common include: Antibiotics: doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim Antidepressants: doxepin ( Sinequan); and other tricyclics; St. John's wort Antifungals: griseofulvin Antihistamine: promethazine, diphenhydramine Antihypertensives (blood pressure drugs): hydrochlorothiazide (also found in some blood pressure medicines: Aldactazide, Capozide), diltiazem ( Cardizem) Benzocaine Benzoyl peroxide Cholesterol drugs: atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin Chemotherapy drugs: doxorubicin, flutamide, 5- FU, gemcitabine, methotrexate Diuretics: bumetanide, furosemide, hydrolorothiazide Hypoglycemics: glipizide, glyburide Neuroleptic drugs: Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, perphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories: celecoxib, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, piroxicam Other drugs: dapsone, Para-aminobenzoic acid ( PABA), quinidine. PDT Pro photosensitizers: 5-aminolevulinic acid, methyl-5-aminolevulinic acid Retinoids: acitretin, isotretinoin Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole,Sun-sensitizing drugs are drugs that have side effects when people taking them are exposed to the sun.Some reactions are caused by exposure to the sun's UVB or "short" waves, but most are caused by UVA or "long" wave exposure.There are two main types of sun-sensitizing drug reactions.They are: Photoallergy.In this case, problems occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medicines or compounds are applied to the skin's surface.The ultraviolet ( UV) light of the sun causes a structural change in the drug.This, in turn, causes the production of antibodies that are responsible for the sun-sensitivity reaction.The reaction usually includes an eczema-type rash, which often occurs a few days after exposure.The rash can also spread to parts of the body that were not exposed to the sun.Phototoxicity.This is the most common type of sun-sensitivity drug reaction.It can occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medications are injected, taken orally, or applied to the skin.The drug absorbs the UV light, then releases it into the skin, causing cell death.Within a few days, symptoms appear on the exposed areas of the body.In some people, symptoms can persist up to 20 years after the medication is stopped.Among the most common phototoxic drugs areamiodarone ( Cordarone, a heart medication).NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen), and the tetracycline family.It's important to note that not every person who uses these drugs has a reaction.If it does happen, it can be a one-time occurrence, or it can happen each time the drug is taken and sun exposure occurs.People with HIV are among the most likely group to experience sun sensitivity to drugs.Sun-sensitizing drugs can aggravate existing skin conditions, including eczema and herpes, and may inflame scar tissue.Sun exposure can also worsen or even precipitate autoimmune disorders, such as lupus.Can sunscreen help?Absolutely.It will lessen the impact of sun exposure.But some ingredients in sunscreens are potentially photosensitizing, so in rare circumstances, it could worsen symptoms.There are dozens of medications and over-the-counter drugs that can cause sun sensitivity.Some of the most common include: Antibiotics: doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim Antidepressants: doxepin ( Sinequan); and other tricyclics; St. John's wort Antifungals: griseofulvin Antihistamine: promethazine, diphenhydramine Antihypertensives (blood pressure drugs): hydrochlorothiazide (also found in some blood pressure medicines: Aldactazide, Capozide), diltiazem ( Cardizem) Benzocaine Benzoyl peroxide Cholesterol drugs: atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin Chemotherapy drugs: doxorubicin, flutamide, 5- FU, gemcitabine, methotrexate Diuretics: bumetanide, furosemide, hydrolorothiazide Hypoglycemics: glipizide, glyburide Neuroleptic drugs: Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, perphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories: celecoxib, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, piroxicam Other drugs: dapsone, Para-aminobenzoic acid ( PABA), quinidine.PDT Pro photosensitizers: 5-aminolevulinic acid, methyl-5-aminolevulinic acid Retinoids: acitretin, isotretinoin Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole

<human>: What kind of reaction to a sun-sensitizing drug is phototoxicity? <bot>: This is the most common type of sun-sensitivity drug reaction. It can occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medications are injected, taken orally, or applied to the skin. The drug absorbs the UV light, then releases it into the skin, causing cell death. Within a few days, symptoms appear on the exposed areas of the body. In some people, symptoms can persist up to 20 years after the medication is stopped.,context:Sun-sensitizing drugs are drugs that have side effects when people taking them are exposed to the sun. Some reactions are caused by exposure to the sun's UVB or "short" waves, but most are caused by UVA or "long" wave exposure. There are two main types of sun-sensitizing drug reactions. They are: Photoallergy. In this case, problems occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medicines or compounds are applied to the skin's surface. The ultraviolet ( UV) light of the sun causes a structural change in the drug. This, in turn, causes the production of antibodies that are responsible for the sun-sensitivity reaction. The reaction usually includes an eczema-type rash, which often occurs a few days after exposure. The rash can also spread to parts of the body that were not exposed to the sun. Phototoxicity. This is the most common type of sun-sensitivity drug reaction. It can occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medications are injected, taken orally, or applied to the skin. The drug absorbs the UV light, then releases it into the skin, causing cell death. Within a few days, symptoms appear on the exposed areas of the body. In some people, symptoms can persist up to 20 years after the medication is stopped. Among the most common phototoxic drugs areamiodarone ( Cordarone, a heart medication). NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen), and the tetracycline family. It's important to note that not every person who uses these drugs has a reaction. If it does happen, it can be a one-time occurrence, or it can happen each time the drug is taken and sun exposure occurs. People with HIV are among the most likely group to experience sun sensitivity to drugs. Sun-sensitizing drugs can aggravate existing skin conditions, including eczema and herpes, and may inflame scar tissue. Sun exposure can also worsen or even precipitate autoimmune disorders, such as lupus. Can sunscreen help? Absolutely. It will lessen the impact of sun exposure. But some ingredients in sunscreens are potentially photosensitizing, so in rare circumstances, it could worsen symptoms. There are dozens of medications and over-the-counter drugs that can cause sun sensitivity. Some of the most common include: Antibiotics: doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim Antidepressants: doxepin ( Sinequan); and other tricyclics; St. John's wort Antifungals: griseofulvin Antihistamine: promethazine, diphenhydramine Antihypertensives (blood pressure drugs): hydrochlorothiazide (also found in some blood pressure medicines: Aldactazide, Capozide), diltiazem ( Cardizem) Benzocaine Benzoyl peroxide Cholesterol drugs: atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin Chemotherapy drugs: doxorubicin, flutamide, 5- FU, gemcitabine, methotrexate Diuretics: bumetanide, furosemide, hydrolorothiazide Hypoglycemics: glipizide, glyburide Neuroleptic drugs: Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, perphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories: celecoxib, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, piroxicam Other drugs: dapsone, Para-aminobenzoic acid ( PABA), quinidine. PDT Pro photosensitizers: 5-aminolevulinic acid, methyl-5-aminolevulinic acid Retinoids: acitretin, isotretinoin Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole,Sun-sensitizing drugs are drugs that have side effects when people taking them are exposed to the sun.Some reactions are caused by exposure to the sun's UVB or "short" waves, but most are caused by UVA or "long" wave exposure.There are two main types of sun-sensitizing drug reactions.They are: Photoallergy.In this case, problems occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medicines or compounds are applied to the skin's surface.The ultraviolet ( UV) light of the sun causes a structural change in the drug.This, in turn, causes the production of antibodies that are responsible for the sun-sensitivity reaction.The reaction usually includes an eczema-type rash, which often occurs a few days after exposure.The rash can also spread to parts of the body that were not exposed to the sun.Phototoxicity.This is the most common type of sun-sensitivity drug reaction.It can occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medications are injected, taken orally, or applied to the skin.The drug absorbs the UV light, then releases it into the skin, causing cell death.Within a few days, symptoms appear on the exposed areas of the body.In some people, symptoms can persist up to 20 years after the medication is stopped.Among the most common phototoxic drugs areamiodarone ( Cordarone, a heart medication).NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen), and the tetracycline family.It's important to note that not every person who uses these drugs has a reaction.If it does happen, it can be a one-time occurrence, or it can happen each time the drug is taken and sun exposure occurs.People with HIV are among the most likely group to experience sun sensitivity to drugs.Sun-sensitizing drugs can aggravate existing skin conditions, including eczema and herpes, and may inflame scar tissue.Sun exposure can also worsen or even precipitate autoimmune disorders, such as lupus.Can sunscreen help?Absolutely.It will lessen the impact of sun exposure.But some ingredients in sunscreens are potentially photosensitizing, so in rare circumstances, it could worsen symptoms.There are dozens of medications and over-the-counter drugs that can cause sun sensitivity.Some of the most common include: Antibiotics: doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim Antidepressants: doxepin ( Sinequan); and other tricyclics; St. John's wort Antifungals: griseofulvin Antihistamine: promethazine, diphenhydramine Antihypertensives (blood pressure drugs): hydrochlorothiazide (also found in some blood pressure medicines: Aldactazide, Capozide), diltiazem ( Cardizem) Benzocaine Benzoyl peroxide Cholesterol drugs: atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin Chemotherapy drugs: doxorubicin, flutamide, 5- FU, gemcitabine, methotrexate Diuretics: bumetanide, furosemide, hydrolorothiazide Hypoglycemics: glipizide, glyburide Neuroleptic drugs: Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, perphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories: celecoxib, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, piroxicam Other drugs: dapsone, Para-aminobenzoic acid ( PABA), quinidine.PDT Pro photosensitizers: 5-aminolevulinic acid, methyl-5-aminolevulinic acid Retinoids: acitretin, isotretinoin Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole

<human>: What kind of reaction to a sun-sensitizing drug is photoallergy? <bot>: In this case, problems occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medicines or compounds are applied to the skin's surface. The ultraviolet ( UV) light of the sun causes a structural change in the drug. This, in turn, causes the production of antibodies that are responsible for the sun-sensitivity reaction. The reaction usually includes an eczema-type rash, which often occurs a few days after exposure. The rash can also spread to parts of the body that were not exposed to the sun.,context:Sun-sensitizing drugs are drugs that have side effects when people taking them are exposed to the sun. Some reactions are caused by exposure to the sun's UVB or "short" waves, but most are caused by UVA or "long" wave exposure. There are two main types of sun-sensitizing drug reactions. They are: Photoallergy. In this case, problems occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medicines or compounds are applied to the skin's surface. The ultraviolet ( UV) light of the sun causes a structural change in the drug. This, in turn, causes the production of antibodies that are responsible for the sun-sensitivity reaction. The reaction usually includes an eczema-type rash, which often occurs a few days after exposure. The rash can also spread to parts of the body that were not exposed to the sun. Phototoxicity. This is the most common type of sun-sensitivity drug reaction. It can occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medications are injected, taken orally, or applied to the skin. The drug absorbs the UV light, then releases it into the skin, causing cell death. Within a few days, symptoms appear on the exposed areas of the body. In some people, symptoms can persist up to 20 years after the medication is stopped. Among the most common phototoxic drugs areamiodarone ( Cordarone, a heart medication). NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen), and the tetracycline family. It's important to note that not every person who uses these drugs has a reaction. If it does happen, it can be a one-time occurrence, or it can happen each time the drug is taken and sun exposure occurs. People with HIV are among the most likely group to experience sun sensitivity to drugs. Sun-sensitizing drugs can aggravate existing skin conditions, including eczema and herpes, and may inflame scar tissue. Sun exposure can also worsen or even precipitate autoimmune disorders, such as lupus. Can sunscreen help? Absolutely. It will lessen the impact of sun exposure. But some ingredients in sunscreens are potentially photosensitizing, so in rare circumstances, it could worsen symptoms. There are dozens of medications and over-the-counter drugs that can cause sun sensitivity. Some of the most common include: Antibiotics: doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim Antidepressants: doxepin ( Sinequan); and other tricyclics; St. John's wort Antifungals: griseofulvin Antihistamine: promethazine, diphenhydramine Antihypertensives (blood pressure drugs): hydrochlorothiazide (also found in some blood pressure medicines: Aldactazide, Capozide), diltiazem ( Cardizem) Benzocaine Benzoyl peroxide Cholesterol drugs: atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin Chemotherapy drugs: doxorubicin, flutamide, 5- FU, gemcitabine, methotrexate Diuretics: bumetanide, furosemide, hydrolorothiazide Hypoglycemics: glipizide, glyburide Neuroleptic drugs: Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, perphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories: celecoxib, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, piroxicam Other drugs: dapsone, Para-aminobenzoic acid ( PABA), quinidine. PDT Pro photosensitizers: 5-aminolevulinic acid, methyl-5-aminolevulinic acid Retinoids: acitretin, isotretinoin Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole,Sun-sensitizing drugs are drugs that have side effects when people taking them are exposed to the sun.Some reactions are caused by exposure to the sun's UVB or "short" waves, but most are caused by UVA or "long" wave exposure.There are two main types of sun-sensitizing drug reactions.They are: Photoallergy.In this case, problems occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medicines or compounds are applied to the skin's surface.The ultraviolet ( UV) light of the sun causes a structural change in the drug.This, in turn, causes the production of antibodies that are responsible for the sun-sensitivity reaction.The reaction usually includes an eczema-type rash, which often occurs a few days after exposure.The rash can also spread to parts of the body that were not exposed to the sun.Phototoxicity.This is the most common type of sun-sensitivity drug reaction.It can occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medications are injected, taken orally, or applied to the skin.The drug absorbs the UV light, then releases it into the skin, causing cell death.Within a few days, symptoms appear on the exposed areas of the body.In some people, symptoms can persist up to 20 years after the medication is stopped.Among the most common phototoxic drugs areamiodarone ( Cordarone, a heart medication).NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen), and the tetracycline family.It's important to note that not every person who uses these drugs has a reaction.If it does happen, it can be a one-time occurrence, or it can happen each time the drug is taken and sun exposure occurs.People with HIV are among the most likely group to experience sun sensitivity to drugs.Sun-sensitizing drugs can aggravate existing skin conditions, including eczema and herpes, and may inflame scar tissue.Sun exposure can also worsen or even precipitate autoimmune disorders, such as lupus.Can sunscreen help?Absolutely.It will lessen the impact of sun exposure.But some ingredients in sunscreens are potentially photosensitizing, so in rare circumstances, it could worsen symptoms.There are dozens of medications and over-the-counter drugs that can cause sun sensitivity.Some of the most common include: Antibiotics: doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim Antidepressants: doxepin ( Sinequan); and other tricyclics; St. John's wort Antifungals: griseofulvin Antihistamine: promethazine, diphenhydramine Antihypertensives (blood pressure drugs): hydrochlorothiazide (also found in some blood pressure medicines: Aldactazide, Capozide), diltiazem ( Cardizem) Benzocaine Benzoyl peroxide Cholesterol drugs: atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin Chemotherapy drugs: doxorubicin, flutamide, 5- FU, gemcitabine, methotrexate Diuretics: bumetanide, furosemide, hydrolorothiazide Hypoglycemics: glipizide, glyburide Neuroleptic drugs: Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, perphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories: celecoxib, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, piroxicam Other drugs: dapsone, Para-aminobenzoic acid ( PABA), quinidine.PDT Pro photosensitizers: 5-aminolevulinic acid, methyl-5-aminolevulinic acid Retinoids: acitretin, isotretinoin Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole

<human>: What are sun-sensitizing drugs? <bot>: Some reactions are caused by exposure to the sun's UVB or "short" waves, but most are caused by UVA or "long" wave exposure. People with HIV are among the most likely group to experience sun sensitivity to drugs.,context:Sun-sensitizing drugs are drugs that have side effects when people taking them are exposed to the sun. Some reactions are caused by exposure to the sun's UVB or "short" waves, but most are caused by UVA or "long" wave exposure. There are two main types of sun-sensitizing drug reactions. They are: Photoallergy. In this case, problems occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medicines or compounds are applied to the skin's surface. The ultraviolet ( UV) light of the sun causes a structural change in the drug. This, in turn, causes the production of antibodies that are responsible for the sun-sensitivity reaction. The reaction usually includes an eczema-type rash, which often occurs a few days after exposure. The rash can also spread to parts of the body that were not exposed to the sun. Phototoxicity. This is the most common type of sun-sensitivity drug reaction. It can occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medications are injected, taken orally, or applied to the skin. The drug absorbs the UV light, then releases it into the skin, causing cell death. Within a few days, symptoms appear on the exposed areas of the body. In some people, symptoms can persist up to 20 years after the medication is stopped. Among the most common phototoxic drugs areamiodarone ( Cordarone, a heart medication). NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen), and the tetracycline family. It's important to note that not every person who uses these drugs has a reaction. If it does happen, it can be a one-time occurrence, or it can happen each time the drug is taken and sun exposure occurs. People with HIV are among the most likely group to experience sun sensitivity to drugs. Sun-sensitizing drugs can aggravate existing skin conditions, including eczema and herpes, and may inflame scar tissue. Sun exposure can also worsen or even precipitate autoimmune disorders, such as lupus. Can sunscreen help? Absolutely. It will lessen the impact of sun exposure. But some ingredients in sunscreens are potentially photosensitizing, so in rare circumstances, it could worsen symptoms. There are dozens of medications and over-the-counter drugs that can cause sun sensitivity. Some of the most common include: Antibiotics: doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim Antidepressants: doxepin ( Sinequan); and other tricyclics; St. John's wort Antifungals: griseofulvin Antihistamine: promethazine, diphenhydramine Antihypertensives (blood pressure drugs): hydrochlorothiazide (also found in some blood pressure medicines: Aldactazide, Capozide), diltiazem ( Cardizem) Benzocaine Benzoyl peroxide Cholesterol drugs: atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin Chemotherapy drugs: doxorubicin, flutamide, 5- FU, gemcitabine, methotrexate Diuretics: bumetanide, furosemide, hydrolorothiazide Hypoglycemics: glipizide, glyburide Neuroleptic drugs: Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, perphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories: celecoxib, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, piroxicam Other drugs: dapsone, Para-aminobenzoic acid ( PABA), quinidine. PDT Pro photosensitizers: 5-aminolevulinic acid, methyl-5-aminolevulinic acid Retinoids: acitretin, isotretinoin Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole,Sun-sensitizing drugs are drugs that have side effects when people taking them are exposed to the sun.Some reactions are caused by exposure to the sun's UVB or "short" waves, but most are caused by UVA or "long" wave exposure.There are two main types of sun-sensitizing drug reactions.They are: Photoallergy.In this case, problems occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medicines or compounds are applied to the skin's surface.The ultraviolet ( UV) light of the sun causes a structural change in the drug.This, in turn, causes the production of antibodies that are responsible for the sun-sensitivity reaction.The reaction usually includes an eczema-type rash, which often occurs a few days after exposure.The rash can also spread to parts of the body that were not exposed to the sun.Phototoxicity.This is the most common type of sun-sensitivity drug reaction.It can occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medications are injected, taken orally, or applied to the skin.The drug absorbs the UV light, then releases it into the skin, causing cell death.Within a few days, symptoms appear on the exposed areas of the body.In some people, symptoms can persist up to 20 years after the medication is stopped.Among the most common phototoxic drugs areamiodarone ( Cordarone, a heart medication).NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen), and the tetracycline family.It's important to note that not every person who uses these drugs has a reaction.If it does happen, it can be a one-time occurrence, or it can happen each time the drug is taken and sun exposure occurs.People with HIV are among the most likely group to experience sun sensitivity to drugs.Sun-sensitizing drugs can aggravate existing skin conditions, including eczema and herpes, and may inflame scar tissue.Sun exposure can also worsen or even precipitate autoimmune disorders, such as lupus.Can sunscreen help?Absolutely.It will lessen the impact of sun exposure.But some ingredients in sunscreens are potentially photosensitizing, so in rare circumstances, it could worsen symptoms.There are dozens of medications and over-the-counter drugs that can cause sun sensitivity.Some of the most common include: Antibiotics: doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim Antidepressants: doxepin ( Sinequan); and other tricyclics; St. John's wort Antifungals: griseofulvin Antihistamine: promethazine, diphenhydramine Antihypertensives (blood pressure drugs): hydrochlorothiazide (also found in some blood pressure medicines: Aldactazide, Capozide), diltiazem ( Cardizem) Benzocaine Benzoyl peroxide Cholesterol drugs: atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin Chemotherapy drugs: doxorubicin, flutamide, 5- FU, gemcitabine, methotrexate Diuretics: bumetanide, furosemide, hydrolorothiazide Hypoglycemics: glipizide, glyburide Neuroleptic drugs: Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, perphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories: celecoxib, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, piroxicam Other drugs: dapsone, Para-aminobenzoic acid ( PABA), quinidine.PDT Pro photosensitizers: 5-aminolevulinic acid, methyl-5-aminolevulinic acid Retinoids: acitretin, isotretinoin Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole

<human>: What effect can sun-sensitizing drugs have on the body? <bot>: Sun-sensitizing drugs can aggravate existing skin conditions, including eczema and herpes, and may inflame scar tissue. Sun exposure can also worsen or even precipitate autoimmune disorders, such as lupus. Can sunscreen help? But some ingredients in sunscreens are potentially photosensitizing, so in rare circumstances, it could worsen symptoms.,context:Sun-sensitizing drugs are drugs that have side effects when people taking them are exposed to the sun. Some reactions are caused by exposure to the sun's UVB or "short" waves, but most are caused by UVA or "long" wave exposure. There are two main types of sun-sensitizing drug reactions. They are: Photoallergy. In this case, problems occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medicines or compounds are applied to the skin's surface. The ultraviolet ( UV) light of the sun causes a structural change in the drug. This, in turn, causes the production of antibodies that are responsible for the sun-sensitivity reaction. The reaction usually includes an eczema-type rash, which often occurs a few days after exposure. The rash can also spread to parts of the body that were not exposed to the sun. Phototoxicity. This is the most common type of sun-sensitivity drug reaction. It can occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medications are injected, taken orally, or applied to the skin. The drug absorbs the UV light, then releases it into the skin, causing cell death. Within a few days, symptoms appear on the exposed areas of the body. In some people, symptoms can persist up to 20 years after the medication is stopped. Among the most common phototoxic drugs areamiodarone ( Cordarone, a heart medication). NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen), and the tetracycline family. It's important to note that not every person who uses these drugs has a reaction. If it does happen, it can be a one-time occurrence, or it can happen each time the drug is taken and sun exposure occurs. People with HIV are among the most likely group to experience sun sensitivity to drugs. Sun-sensitizing drugs can aggravate existing skin conditions, including eczema and herpes, and may inflame scar tissue. Sun exposure can also worsen or even precipitate autoimmune disorders, such as lupus. Can sunscreen help? Absolutely. It will lessen the impact of sun exposure. But some ingredients in sunscreens are potentially photosensitizing, so in rare circumstances, it could worsen symptoms. There are dozens of medications and over-the-counter drugs that can cause sun sensitivity. Some of the most common include: Antibiotics: doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim Antidepressants: doxepin ( Sinequan); and other tricyclics; St. John's wort Antifungals: griseofulvin Antihistamine: promethazine, diphenhydramine Antihypertensives (blood pressure drugs): hydrochlorothiazide (also found in some blood pressure medicines: Aldactazide, Capozide), diltiazem ( Cardizem) Benzocaine Benzoyl peroxide Cholesterol drugs: atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin Chemotherapy drugs: doxorubicin, flutamide, 5- FU, gemcitabine, methotrexate Diuretics: bumetanide, furosemide, hydrolorothiazide Hypoglycemics: glipizide, glyburide Neuroleptic drugs: Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, perphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories: celecoxib, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, piroxicam Other drugs: dapsone, Para-aminobenzoic acid ( PABA), quinidine. PDT Pro photosensitizers: 5-aminolevulinic acid, methyl-5-aminolevulinic acid Retinoids: acitretin, isotretinoin Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole,Sun-sensitizing drugs are drugs that have side effects when people taking them are exposed to the sun.Some reactions are caused by exposure to the sun's UVB or "short" waves, but most are caused by UVA or "long" wave exposure.There are two main types of sun-sensitizing drug reactions.They are: Photoallergy.In this case, problems occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medicines or compounds are applied to the skin's surface.The ultraviolet ( UV) light of the sun causes a structural change in the drug.This, in turn, causes the production of antibodies that are responsible for the sun-sensitivity reaction.The reaction usually includes an eczema-type rash, which often occurs a few days after exposure.The rash can also spread to parts of the body that were not exposed to the sun.Phototoxicity.This is the most common type of sun-sensitivity drug reaction.It can occur when skin is exposed to the sun after certain medications are injected, taken orally, or applied to the skin.The drug absorbs the UV light, then releases it into the skin, causing cell death.Within a few days, symptoms appear on the exposed areas of the body.In some people, symptoms can persist up to 20 years after the medication is stopped.Among the most common phototoxic drugs areamiodarone ( Cordarone, a heart medication).NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen), and the tetracycline family.It's important to note that not every person who uses these drugs has a reaction.If it does happen, it can be a one-time occurrence, or it can happen each time the drug is taken and sun exposure occurs.People with HIV are among the most likely group to experience sun sensitivity to drugs.Sun-sensitizing drugs can aggravate existing skin conditions, including eczema and herpes, and may inflame scar tissue.Sun exposure can also worsen or even precipitate autoimmune disorders, such as lupus.Can sunscreen help?Absolutely.It will lessen the impact of sun exposure.But some ingredients in sunscreens are potentially photosensitizing, so in rare circumstances, it could worsen symptoms.There are dozens of medications and over-the-counter drugs that can cause sun sensitivity.Some of the most common include: Antibiotics: doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim Antidepressants: doxepin ( Sinequan); and other tricyclics; St. John's wort Antifungals: griseofulvin Antihistamine: promethazine, diphenhydramine Antihypertensives (blood pressure drugs): hydrochlorothiazide (also found in some blood pressure medicines: Aldactazide, Capozide), diltiazem ( Cardizem) Benzocaine Benzoyl peroxide Cholesterol drugs: atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin Chemotherapy drugs: doxorubicin, flutamide, 5- FU, gemcitabine, methotrexate Diuretics: bumetanide, furosemide, hydrolorothiazide Hypoglycemics: glipizide, glyburide Neuroleptic drugs: Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, perphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories: celecoxib, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, piroxicam Other drugs: dapsone, Para-aminobenzoic acid ( PABA), quinidine.PDT Pro photosensitizers: 5-aminolevulinic acid, methyl-5-aminolevulinic acid Retinoids: acitretin, isotretinoin Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole

<human>: What is gestational diabetes insipidus? <bot>: In some cases, the disease runs in the family.,context:Most commonly known as gestational DI, gestagenic diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder that happens in pregnancy, usually in the third trimester. This condition can make you so thirsty you drink many glasses of water a day. As a result, you might go to the bathroom more than once or twice an hour. This isn't a result of pregnancy but of diabetes insipidus, which is sometimes called "water" diabetes. It has symptoms like other forms of the disease, but isn't related. It's rare, but sometimes during pregnancy, the placenta can make an enzyme that destroys vasopressin, a hormone that controls how much water you retain. The lack of it causes heavy thirst and frequent urination. Gestagenic DI can also lead to lack of control when you pee and to bedwetting. In some cases, the disease runs in the family. In others, it's a problem with the way your body controls thirst. And sometimes the cause isn't known. Most pregnant women make many trips to the bathroom at night due to pressure the growing baby puts on the bladder. But if you go a lot and have an intense thirst, it could be gestagenic diabetes. Other symptoms include nausea, dizziness, and weakness. Your doctor will test your urine to see if it's light and diluted or concentrated and yellow. He may also send your blood out for lab tests. The doctor may opt not to treat gestagenic DI. If that's the case, he'll likely ask you to come to the office a lot. He'll make sure your body doesn't retain too much fluid. You'll also need to keep liquids with you so you don't get dehydrated. You may need to take desmopressin, a man-made form of vasopressin. It usually comes as a nasal spray. This treatment helps control urine. It also stops bedwetting by letting your body to absorb and manage water from your kidneys. If your body's thirst control is the cause of gestational DI, your doctor will prescribe other treatments. See your doctor if you're pregnant and have all of these symptoms: You make frequent trips to the bathroom, especially at night. You have a heavy thirst. You drink much more than your normal daily amount. Most cases go away 4 to 6 weeks after you give birth. But it may return with future pregnancies.,Most commonly known as gestational DI, gestagenic diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder that happens in pregnancy, usually in the third trimester.This condition can make you so thirsty you drink many glasses of water a day.As a result, you might go to the bathroom more than once or twice an hour.This isn't a result of pregnancy but of diabetes insipidus, which is sometimes called "water" diabetes.It has symptoms like other forms of the disease, but isn't related.It's rare, but sometimes during pregnancy, the placenta can make an enzyme that destroys vasopressin, a hormone that controls how much water you retain.The lack of it causes heavy thirst and frequent urination.Gestagenic DI can also lead to lack of control when you pee and to bedwetting.In some cases, the disease runs in the family.In others, it's a problem with the way your body controls thirst.And sometimes the cause isn't known.Most pregnant women make many trips to the bathroom at night due to pressure the growing baby puts on the bladder.But if you go a lot and have an intense thirst, it could be gestagenic diabetes.Other symptoms include nausea, dizziness, and weakness.Your doctor will test your urine to see if it's light and diluted or concentrated and yellow.He may also send your blood out for lab tests.The doctor may opt not to treat gestagenic DI.If that's the case, he'll likely ask you to come to the office a lot.He'll make sure your body doesn't retain too much fluid.You'll also need to keep liquids with you so you don't get dehydrated.You may need to take desmopressin, a man-made form of vasopressin.It usually comes as a nasal spray.This treatment helps control urine.It also stops bedwetting by letting your body to absorb and manage water from your kidneys.If your body's thirst control is the cause of gestational DI, your doctor will prescribe other treatments.See your doctor if you're pregnant and have all of these symptoms: You make frequent trips to the bathroom, especially at night.You have a heavy thirst.You drink much more than your normal daily amount.Most cases go away 4 to 6 weeks after you give birth.But it may return with future pregnancies.

<human>: How does gestational diabetes insipidus affect women? <bot>: This condition can make you so thirsty you drink many glasses of water a day. As a result, you might go to the bathroom more than once or twice an hour. This isn't a result of pregnancy but of diabetes insipidus, which is sometimes called "water" diabetes. It has symptoms like other forms of the disease, but isn't related.,context:Most commonly known as gestational DI, gestagenic diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder that happens in pregnancy, usually in the third trimester. This condition can make you so thirsty you drink many glasses of water a day. As a result, you might go to the bathroom more than once or twice an hour. This isn't a result of pregnancy but of diabetes insipidus, which is sometimes called "water" diabetes. It has symptoms like other forms of the disease, but isn't related. It's rare, but sometimes during pregnancy, the placenta can make an enzyme that destroys vasopressin, a hormone that controls how much water you retain. The lack of it causes heavy thirst and frequent urination. Gestagenic DI can also lead to lack of control when you pee and to bedwetting. In some cases, the disease runs in the family. In others, it's a problem with the way your body controls thirst. And sometimes the cause isn't known. Most pregnant women make many trips to the bathroom at night due to pressure the growing baby puts on the bladder. But if you go a lot and have an intense thirst, it could be gestagenic diabetes. Other symptoms include nausea, dizziness, and weakness. Your doctor will test your urine to see if it's light and diluted or concentrated and yellow. He may also send your blood out for lab tests. The doctor may opt not to treat gestagenic DI. If that's the case, he'll likely ask you to come to the office a lot. He'll make sure your body doesn't retain too much fluid. You'll also need to keep liquids with you so you don't get dehydrated. You may need to take desmopressin, a man-made form of vasopressin. It usually comes as a nasal spray. This treatment helps control urine. It also stops bedwetting by letting your body to absorb and manage water from your kidneys. If your body's thirst control is the cause of gestational DI, your doctor will prescribe other treatments. See your doctor if you're pregnant and have all of these symptoms: You make frequent trips to the bathroom, especially at night. You have a heavy thirst. You drink much more than your normal daily amount. Most cases go away 4 to 6 weeks after you give birth. But it may return with future pregnancies.,Most commonly known as gestational DI, gestagenic diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder that happens in pregnancy, usually in the third trimester.This condition can make you so thirsty you drink many glasses of water a day.As a result, you might go to the bathroom more than once or twice an hour.This isn't a result of pregnancy but of diabetes insipidus, which is sometimes called "water" diabetes.It has symptoms like other forms of the disease, but isn't related.It's rare, but sometimes during pregnancy, the placenta can make an enzyme that destroys vasopressin, a hormone that controls how much water you retain.The lack of it causes heavy thirst and frequent urination.Gestagenic DI can also lead to lack of control when you pee and to bedwetting.In some cases, the disease runs in the family.In others, it's a problem with the way your body controls thirst.And sometimes the cause isn't known.Most pregnant women make many trips to the bathroom at night due to pressure the growing baby puts on the bladder.But if you go a lot and have an intense thirst, it could be gestagenic diabetes.Other symptoms include nausea, dizziness, and weakness.Your doctor will test your urine to see if it's light and diluted or concentrated and yellow.He may also send your blood out for lab tests.The doctor may opt not to treat gestagenic DI.If that's the case, he'll likely ask you to come to the office a lot.He'll make sure your body doesn't retain too much fluid.You'll also need to keep liquids with you so you don't get dehydrated.You may need to take desmopressin, a man-made form of vasopressin.It usually comes as a nasal spray.This treatment helps control urine.It also stops bedwetting by letting your body to absorb and manage water from your kidneys.If your body's thirst control is the cause of gestational DI, your doctor will prescribe other treatments.See your doctor if you're pregnant and have all of these symptoms: You make frequent trips to the bathroom, especially at night.You have a heavy thirst.You drink much more than your normal daily amount.Most cases go away 4 to 6 weeks after you give birth.But it may return with future pregnancies.

<human>: How is gestational diabetes insipidus treated? <bot>: The doctor may opt not to treat gestagenic DI. If that's the case, he'll likely ask you to come to the office a lot. He'll make sure your body doesn't retain too much fluid. You'll also need to keep liquids with you so you don't get dehydrated. You may need to take desmopressin, a man-made form of vasopressin. It usually comes as a nasal spray. This treatment helps control urine. It also stops bedwetting by letting your body to absorb and manage water from your kidneys. If your body's thirst control is the cause of gestational DI, your doctor will prescribe other treatments.,context:Most commonly known as gestational DI, gestagenic diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder that happens in pregnancy, usually in the third trimester. This condition can make you so thirsty you drink many glasses of water a day. As a result, you might go to the bathroom more than once or twice an hour. This isn't a result of pregnancy but of diabetes insipidus, which is sometimes called "water" diabetes. It has symptoms like other forms of the disease, but isn't related. It's rare, but sometimes during pregnancy, the placenta can make an enzyme that destroys vasopressin, a hormone that controls how much water you retain. The lack of it causes heavy thirst and frequent urination. Gestagenic DI can also lead to lack of control when you pee and to bedwetting. In some cases, the disease runs in the family. In others, it's a problem with the way your body controls thirst. And sometimes the cause isn't known. Most pregnant women make many trips to the bathroom at night due to pressure the growing baby puts on the bladder. But if you go a lot and have an intense thirst, it could be gestagenic diabetes. Other symptoms include nausea, dizziness, and weakness. Your doctor will test your urine to see if it's light and diluted or concentrated and yellow. He may also send your blood out for lab tests. The doctor may opt not to treat gestagenic DI. If that's the case, he'll likely ask you to come to the office a lot. He'll make sure your body doesn't retain too much fluid. You'll also need to keep liquids with you so you don't get dehydrated. You may need to take desmopressin, a man-made form of vasopressin. It usually comes as a nasal spray. This treatment helps control urine. It also stops bedwetting by letting your body to absorb and manage water from your kidneys. If your body's thirst control is the cause of gestational DI, your doctor will prescribe other treatments. See your doctor if you're pregnant and have all of these symptoms: You make frequent trips to the bathroom, especially at night. You have a heavy thirst. You drink much more than your normal daily amount. Most cases go away 4 to 6 weeks after you give birth. But it may return with future pregnancies.,Most commonly known as gestational DI, gestagenic diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder that happens in pregnancy, usually in the third trimester.This condition can make you so thirsty you drink many glasses of water a day.As a result, you might go to the bathroom more than once or twice an hour.This isn't a result of pregnancy but of diabetes insipidus, which is sometimes called "water" diabetes.It has symptoms like other forms of the disease, but isn't related.It's rare, but sometimes during pregnancy, the placenta can make an enzyme that destroys vasopressin, a hormone that controls how much water you retain.The lack of it causes heavy thirst and frequent urination.Gestagenic DI can also lead to lack of control when you pee and to bedwetting.In some cases, the disease runs in the family.In others, it's a problem with the way your body controls thirst.And sometimes the cause isn't known.Most pregnant women make many trips to the bathroom at night due to pressure the growing baby puts on the bladder.But if you go a lot and have an intense thirst, it could be gestagenic diabetes.Other symptoms include nausea, dizziness, and weakness.Your doctor will test your urine to see if it's light and diluted or concentrated and yellow.He may also send your blood out for lab tests.The doctor may opt not to treat gestagenic DI.If that's the case, he'll likely ask you to come to the office a lot.He'll make sure your body doesn't retain too much fluid.You'll also need to keep liquids with you so you don't get dehydrated.You may need to take desmopressin, a man-made form of vasopressin.It usually comes as a nasal spray.This treatment helps control urine.It also stops bedwetting by letting your body to absorb and manage water from your kidneys.If your body's thirst control is the cause of gestational DI, your doctor will prescribe other treatments.See your doctor if you're pregnant and have all of these symptoms: You make frequent trips to the bathroom, especially at night.You have a heavy thirst.You drink much more than your normal daily amount.Most cases go away 4 to 6 weeks after you give birth.But it may return with future pregnancies.

<human>: How is gestational diabetes insipidus diagnosed? <bot>: If your body's thirst control is the cause of gestational DI, your doctor will prescribe other treatments.,context:Most commonly known as gestational DI, gestagenic diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder that happens in pregnancy, usually in the third trimester. This condition can make you so thirsty you drink many glasses of water a day. As a result, you might go to the bathroom more than once or twice an hour. This isn't a result of pregnancy but of diabetes insipidus, which is sometimes called "water" diabetes. It has symptoms like other forms of the disease, but isn't related. It's rare, but sometimes during pregnancy, the placenta can make an enzyme that destroys vasopressin, a hormone that controls how much water you retain. The lack of it causes heavy thirst and frequent urination. Gestagenic DI can also lead to lack of control when you pee and to bedwetting. In some cases, the disease runs in the family. In others, it's a problem with the way your body controls thirst. And sometimes the cause isn't known. Most pregnant women make many trips to the bathroom at night due to pressure the growing baby puts on the bladder. But if you go a lot and have an intense thirst, it could be gestagenic diabetes. Other symptoms include nausea, dizziness, and weakness. Your doctor will test your urine to see if it's light and diluted or concentrated and yellow. He may also send your blood out for lab tests. The doctor may opt not to treat gestagenic DI. If that's the case, he'll likely ask you to come to the office a lot. He'll make sure your body doesn't retain too much fluid. You'll also need to keep liquids with you so you don't get dehydrated. You may need to take desmopressin, a man-made form of vasopressin. It usually comes as a nasal spray. This treatment helps control urine. It also stops bedwetting by letting your body to absorb and manage water from your kidneys. If your body's thirst control is the cause of gestational DI, your doctor will prescribe other treatments. See your doctor if you're pregnant and have all of these symptoms: You make frequent trips to the bathroom, especially at night. You have a heavy thirst. You drink much more than your normal daily amount. Most cases go away 4 to 6 weeks after you give birth. But it may return with future pregnancies.,Most commonly known as gestational DI, gestagenic diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder that happens in pregnancy, usually in the third trimester.This condition can make you so thirsty you drink many glasses of water a day.As a result, you might go to the bathroom more than once or twice an hour.This isn't a result of pregnancy but of diabetes insipidus, which is sometimes called "water" diabetes.It has symptoms like other forms of the disease, but isn't related.It's rare, but sometimes during pregnancy, the placenta can make an enzyme that destroys vasopressin, a hormone that controls how much water you retain.The lack of it causes heavy thirst and frequent urination.Gestagenic DI can also lead to lack of control when you pee and to bedwetting.In some cases, the disease runs in the family.In others, it's a problem with the way your body controls thirst.And sometimes the cause isn't known.Most pregnant women make many trips to the bathroom at night due to pressure the growing baby puts on the bladder.But if you go a lot and have an intense thirst, it could be gestagenic diabetes.Other symptoms include nausea, dizziness, and weakness.Your doctor will test your urine to see if it's light and diluted or concentrated and yellow.He may also send your blood out for lab tests.The doctor may opt not to treat gestagenic DI.If that's the case, he'll likely ask you to come to the office a lot.He'll make sure your body doesn't retain too much fluid.You'll also need to keep liquids with you so you don't get dehydrated.You may need to take desmopressin, a man-made form of vasopressin.It usually comes as a nasal spray.This treatment helps control urine.It also stops bedwetting by letting your body to absorb and manage water from your kidneys.If your body's thirst control is the cause of gestational DI, your doctor will prescribe other treatments.See your doctor if you're pregnant and have all of these symptoms: You make frequent trips to the bathroom, especially at night.You have a heavy thirst.You drink much more than your normal daily amount.Most cases go away 4 to 6 weeks after you give birth.But it may return with future pregnancies.

<human>: What are the symptoms of gestational diabetes insipidus? <bot>: Most pregnant women make many trips to the bathroom at night due to pressure the growing baby puts on the bladder. But if you go a lot and have an intense thirst, it could be gestagenic diabetes. Other symptoms include nausea, dizziness, and weakness.,context:Most commonly known as gestational DI, gestagenic diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder that happens in pregnancy, usually in the third trimester. This condition can make you so thirsty you drink many glasses of water a day. As a result, you might go to the bathroom more than once or twice an hour. This isn't a result of pregnancy but of diabetes insipidus, which is sometimes called "water" diabetes. It has symptoms like other forms of the disease, but isn't related. It's rare, but sometimes during pregnancy, the placenta can make an enzyme that destroys vasopressin, a hormone that controls how much water you retain. The lack of it causes heavy thirst and frequent urination. Gestagenic DI can also lead to lack of control when you pee and to bedwetting. In some cases, the disease runs in the family. In others, it's a problem with the way your body controls thirst. And sometimes the cause isn't known. Most pregnant women make many trips to the bathroom at night due to pressure the growing baby puts on the bladder. But if you go a lot and have an intense thirst, it could be gestagenic diabetes. Other symptoms include nausea, dizziness, and weakness. Your doctor will test your urine to see if it's light and diluted or concentrated and yellow. He may also send your blood out for lab tests. The doctor may opt not to treat gestagenic DI. If that's the case, he'll likely ask you to come to the office a lot. He'll make sure your body doesn't retain too much fluid. You'll also need to keep liquids with you so you don't get dehydrated. You may need to take desmopressin, a man-made form of vasopressin. It usually comes as a nasal spray. This treatment helps control urine. It also stops bedwetting by letting your body to absorb and manage water from your kidneys. If your body's thirst control is the cause of gestational DI, your doctor will prescribe other treatments. See your doctor if you're pregnant and have all of these symptoms: You make frequent trips to the bathroom, especially at night. You have a heavy thirst. You drink much more than your normal daily amount. Most cases go away 4 to 6 weeks after you give birth. But it may return with future pregnancies.,Most commonly known as gestational DI, gestagenic diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder that happens in pregnancy, usually in the third trimester.This condition can make you so thirsty you drink many glasses of water a day.As a result, you might go to the bathroom more than once or twice an hour.This isn't a result of pregnancy but of diabetes insipidus, which is sometimes called "water" diabetes.It has symptoms like other forms of the disease, but isn't related.It's rare, but sometimes during pregnancy, the placenta can make an enzyme that destroys vasopressin, a hormone that controls how much water you retain.The lack of it causes heavy thirst and frequent urination.Gestagenic DI can also lead to lack of control when you pee and to bedwetting.In some cases, the disease runs in the family.In others, it's a problem with the way your body controls thirst.And sometimes the cause isn't known.Most pregnant women make many trips to the bathroom at night due to pressure the growing baby puts on the bladder.But if you go a lot and have an intense thirst, it could be gestagenic diabetes.Other symptoms include nausea, dizziness, and weakness.Your doctor will test your urine to see if it's light and diluted or concentrated and yellow.He may also send your blood out for lab tests.The doctor may opt not to treat gestagenic DI.If that's the case, he'll likely ask you to come to the office a lot.He'll make sure your body doesn't retain too much fluid.You'll also need to keep liquids with you so you don't get dehydrated.You may need to take desmopressin, a man-made form of vasopressin.It usually comes as a nasal spray.This treatment helps control urine.It also stops bedwetting by letting your body to absorb and manage water from your kidneys.If your body's thirst control is the cause of gestational DI, your doctor will prescribe other treatments.See your doctor if you're pregnant and have all of these symptoms: You make frequent trips to the bathroom, especially at night.You have a heavy thirst.You drink much more than your normal daily amount.Most cases go away 4 to 6 weeks after you give birth.But it may return with future pregnancies.

<human>: When should I see my doctor if I think I have gestational diabetes insipidus? <bot>: As a result, you might go to the bathroom more than once or twice an hour. Most pregnant women make many trips to the bathroom at night due to pressure the growing baby puts on the bladder. But if you go a lot and have an intense thirst, it could be gestagenic diabetes. Most cases go away 4 to 6 weeks after you give birth.,context:Most commonly known as gestational DI, gestagenic diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder that happens in pregnancy, usually in the third trimester. This condition can make you so thirsty you drink many glasses of water a day. As a result, you might go to the bathroom more than once or twice an hour. This isn't a result of pregnancy but of diabetes insipidus, which is sometimes called "water" diabetes. It has symptoms like other forms of the disease, but isn't related. It's rare, but sometimes during pregnancy, the placenta can make an enzyme that destroys vasopressin, a hormone that controls how much water you retain. The lack of it causes heavy thirst and frequent urination. Gestagenic DI can also lead to lack of control when you pee and to bedwetting. In some cases, the disease runs in the family. In others, it's a problem with the way your body controls thirst. And sometimes the cause isn't known. Most pregnant women make many trips to the bathroom at night due to pressure the growing baby puts on the bladder. But if you go a lot and have an intense thirst, it could be gestagenic diabetes. Other symptoms include nausea, dizziness, and weakness. Your doctor will test your urine to see if it's light and diluted or concentrated and yellow. He may also send your blood out for lab tests. The doctor may opt not to treat gestagenic DI. If that's the case, he'll likely ask you to come to the office a lot. He'll make sure your body doesn't retain too much fluid. You'll also need to keep liquids with you so you don't get dehydrated. You may need to take desmopressin, a man-made form of vasopressin. It usually comes as a nasal spray. This treatment helps control urine. It also stops bedwetting by letting your body to absorb and manage water from your kidneys. If your body's thirst control is the cause of gestational DI, your doctor will prescribe other treatments. See your doctor if you're pregnant and have all of these symptoms: You make frequent trips to the bathroom, especially at night. You have a heavy thirst. You drink much more than your normal daily amount. Most cases go away 4 to 6 weeks after you give birth. But it may return with future pregnancies.,Most commonly known as gestational DI, gestagenic diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder that happens in pregnancy, usually in the third trimester.This condition can make you so thirsty you drink many glasses of water a day.As a result, you might go to the bathroom more than once or twice an hour.This isn't a result of pregnancy but of diabetes insipidus, which is sometimes called "water" diabetes.It has symptoms like other forms of the disease, but isn't related.It's rare, but sometimes during pregnancy, the placenta can make an enzyme that destroys vasopressin, a hormone that controls how much water you retain.The lack of it causes heavy thirst and frequent urination.Gestagenic DI can also lead to lack of control when you pee and to bedwetting.In some cases, the disease runs in the family.In others, it's a problem with the way your body controls thirst.And sometimes the cause isn't known.Most pregnant women make many trips to the bathroom at night due to pressure the growing baby puts on the bladder.But if you go a lot and have an intense thirst, it could be gestagenic diabetes.Other symptoms include nausea, dizziness, and weakness.Your doctor will test your urine to see if it's light and diluted or concentrated and yellow.He may also send your blood out for lab tests.The doctor may opt not to treat gestagenic DI.If that's the case, he'll likely ask you to come to the office a lot.He'll make sure your body doesn't retain too much fluid.You'll also need to keep liquids with you so you don't get dehydrated.You may need to take desmopressin, a man-made form of vasopressin.It usually comes as a nasal spray.This treatment helps control urine.It also stops bedwetting by letting your body to absorb and manage water from your kidneys.If your body's thirst control is the cause of gestational DI, your doctor will prescribe other treatments.See your doctor if you're pregnant and have all of these symptoms: You make frequent trips to the bathroom, especially at night.You have a heavy thirst.You drink much more than your normal daily amount.Most cases go away 4 to 6 weeks after you give birth.But it may return with future pregnancies.

<human>: Is there medication for myelofibrosis? <bot>: There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: Can interferon alfa-2a help with spleen swelling in myelofibrosis? <bot>: Interferon alfa-2a.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: What new treatments may be helpful for myelofibrosis? <bot>: Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: How do erythropoietins treat anemia in myelofibrosis? <bot>: Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: How is treatment for myelofibrosis chosen? <bot>: MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: What are the benefits and side effects of taking Jakafi for myelofibrosis? <bot>: These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: What supplements can help with myelofibrosis? <bot>: Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: How do blood transfusions treat anemia in myelofibrosis? <bot>: These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: How can I reduce stress associated with myelofibrosis? <bot>: Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: Are there alternative therapies for myelofibrosis? <bot>: Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: How does androgen therapy treat anemia in myelofibrosis? <bot>: It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: Can radiation help with spleen swelling in myelofibrosis? <bot>: If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: Do I have to treat myelofibrosis? <bot>: Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: Is there a cure for myelofibrosis? <bot>: Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: Can chemotherapy help with spleen swelling in myelofibrosis? <bot>: Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: Why is allogenic stem cell transplantation risky? <bot>: Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: Can you get surgery for spleen swelling in myelofibrosis? <bot>: One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.,context:Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms. If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer. Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen. MF affects everyone in different ways. Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment. One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula. Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you. That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment. There are two drugs approved to treat MF. They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi). Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells. These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats. But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse. You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches. Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation. In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should. This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow. During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones. Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow. Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body. If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older. So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF. The new stem cells may attack your body. You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease." It can be life-threatening. The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer. With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells. These treatments can help: Androgen therapy. Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms. It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss. Blood transfusions. These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia. Chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot. Erythropoietins. An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells. This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots. Immunomodulators. Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF. They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet. And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections. They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Interferon alfa-2a. Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors. It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions. Steroids. Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure. If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating. There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a. Injections may help with this condition. Chemotherapy. Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain. Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers. Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections. Radiation. If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen. Surgery. You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy. Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke. Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots. The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery. Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat. Yes. Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease. While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall. Talk to your doctor before you try any of them. Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients. Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress. Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy. Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer. Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.,Myelofibrosis ( MF) treatment is based on your symptoms.If you don't feel bad right now, you may be able to just watch and wait without treating your cancer.Regular checkups and blood tests will make sure you don't have complications like anemia or an enlarged spleen.MF affects everyone in different ways.Things like your age, blood cell counts, levels of immature blood cells called blasts, and symptoms like anemia or severe weight loss can help your doctor plan your treatment.One way to do this is to rank your risk of serious health problems using a scoring formula.Based on your results, you and your doctor will decide which approach is best for you.That includes waiting until you have symptoms to start treatment.There are two drugs approved to treat MF.They are entrectinib ( Rozlytrek) and ruxolitinib ( Jakafi).Most people with MF have a mutation, or change, in one of their genes that tell their body how to make blood cells.These inhibitors are used to block the processes those faulty genes The medications can ease some MF symptoms like anemia, enlarged spleen, bone pain, itching, and night sweats.But they can have side effects, like an increase in platelets, which might lead to blood clots, or make your anemia worse.You might also have bruising, dizziness, or headaches.Only through a process called allogenic stem cell transplantation.In MF, your stem cells don't work like they should.This causes scar tissue to build up in your bone marrow.During this treatment, you're given healthy stem cells from a donor to replace your faulty ones.Before you start, you'll need high doses either of chemotherapy or radiation to destroy the cells in your bone marrow.Then the donor's healthy stem cells go into your body.If all goes well, the transplanted stem cells start working in your bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells.This transplant is risky, and the dangers rise as you get older.So you should only try it if you have a high chance of complications from your MF.The new stem cells may attack your body.You might hear a doctor call this "graft versus host disease."It can be life-threatening.The transplant could also damage your organs or blood vessels, cause cataracts, or lead to other types of cancer.With anemia, your body has too few red blood cells.These treatments can help: Androgen therapy.Your doctor might give you a man-made version of the male hormone androgen to help raise red blood cell counts and ease anemia symptoms.It can cause side effects like liver damage, and in women, changes such as body hair growth or hair loss.Blood transfusions.These can give you more red blood cells and ease symptoms from severe anemia.Chemotherapy.The chemotherapy drug cladribine ( Leustatin), helps with anemia symptoms, but it can also make you more likely to get infections and have trouble getting your blood to clot.Erythropoietins.An injection of the hormone epoetin alfa ( Epogen, Procrit) helps you make more red blood cells.This treatment could make it more likely for you to get blood clots.Immunomodulators.Blood cancer drugs like lenalidomide ( Revlimid) and thalidomide ( Thalomid) treat anemia in MF.They, too, have side effects, including black or tarry stools, bleeding gums, and tingling pain in your hands or feet.And they lower the type of blood cells that help you fight off infections.They may also cause birth defects, so don't take them if you're pregnant or trying to get pregnant.Interferon alfa-2a.Your doctor might try injections of these man-made versions of cells your body creates to fight tumors.It could cause depression or worsen problems like diabetes, immune disorders, and thyroid conditions.Steroids.Steroid medications treat severe anemia, but long-term use might cause your bones to thin or raise your blood sugar and blood pressure.If MF causes your spleen to swell, you might feel severe pain and bloating.There are a few ways to treat this: Interferon alfa-2a.Injections may help with this condition.Chemotherapy.Drugs like hydroxyurea ( Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos) or cladribine can help shrink your spleen and ease your pain.Hydroxyurea isn't good for you if you have severe anemia, and it could cause skin ulcers.Cladribine may cause bleeding or raise your risk of infections.Radiation.If surgery isn't a good option for you, you might try radiation, like X-rays, to reduce the size of your spleen.Surgery.You may need to have your spleen removed, a procedure called a splenectomy.Risks include infection, bleeding inside your body, or blood clots that could affect your lungs or cause a stroke.Some people may get an enlarged liver after spleen removal or make too many platelets, which could cause blood clots.The drug anagrelide ( Agrylin) helps lower platelets after spleen surgery.Side effects include headaches or rapid heartbeat.Yes.Natural approaches could ease your symptoms or just help you manage your disease.While they won't treat or cure your cancer, they could help you feel better overall.Talk to your doctor before you try any of them.Supplements like iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements may help you ease anemia symptoms by replacing lost nutrients.Meditation, yoga, exercise, or socializing with friends could help you reduce stress.Try peppermint tea to ease nausea from chemotherapy.Seek counseling from a therapist to help you cope with having cancer.Talking to other people who have the disease or their caregivers may help you handle yours better, too.The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and American Cancer Society both offer online support and local groups.

<human>: How can your habits and lifestyle affect your risk for atrial fibrillation (AFib)? <bot>: Alcohol: For some people, binge drinking is a trigger. But for others, even a modest amount can trigger AFib. Stimulants: Caffeine, cigarettes, and other things that rev up your system can set off AFib. Caffeine will probably affect you more if you don't usually drink it. Stress and worry: When you're under a lot of pressure or feeling worn out, it could trigger an episode or make your symptoms worse.,context:Atrial fibrillation ( AFib) is the most common problem with your heartbeat's rate or rhythm. The basic cause of AFib is disorganized signals that make your heart's two upper chambers (the atria) squeeze very fast and out of sync. They contract so quickly that the heart walls quiver, or fibrillate. Damage to your heart's electrical system can cause AFib. This damage often results from other conditions that affect the heart. But in at least 1 of every 10 AFib cases, other things may be at play. Sometimes, doctors can't figure out what's causing AFib. Even after you've been diagnosed with the condition, you may be able to control your AFib and avoid having an episode if you know what triggers them for you. Things that most often lead to AFib Include: Age Genes Heart disease Sick sinus syndrome Heart attack High blood pressure Lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) or emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism) An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) Obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome Sleep apnea Infections caused by a virus Age: Your odds go up as you get older, especially after age 60. In part, that's because you're more likely to get heart disease and other conditions that can cause AFib. Genes: AFib is a hereditary condition. That means a part of the cause is in the genes you get from your parents at birth. If someone in your close family had or has it, there's a greater risk for you, too. Heart disease: Since AFib is a problem with your heart, it's not surprising that other heart issues raise the chance of having it, including: Coronary artery disease Heart valve disease Rheumatic heart disease Heart failure Weakened heart muscle (cardiomyopathy) Heart birth defects Inflamed membrane or sac around the heart (pericarditis) Sick sinus syndrome : This isn't the same as the sinuses in your head. The sinus node is a group of cells that control your heartbeat. Think of it as your heart's own natural pacemaker. Problems with it that can lead to AFib include: Your heart's electrical signals misfire. Your heart rate alternates between fast and slow. Heart attack : When the artery that supplies blood to the atria is blocked, it can damage atrial tissue and lead to AFib. But the reverse isn't true. AFib doesn't cause heart attacks. Heart surgery: AFib is the most common complication. It will happen to 2 or 3 out of every 10 people recovering from a heart operation. High blood pressure : It's the most common condition linked to AFib. It can make the atria, or upper chambers of your heart, get bigger, which makes it work harder Lung disease : This includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD), emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism). COPD in particular often comes along with high blood pressure, heart disease, ventricle problems, and other problems that play a role in AFib, such as: Low blood oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels Cigarette smoking Cardiac autonomic dysfunction -- your autonomic nervous system controls your heartbeat. In lung disease, it can get out of whack. Inhaled medications that boost your heart rate An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism): It speeds up everything in your body, including your heart. Obesity , diabetes , and metabolic syndrome : Not only are these conditions often linked with hypertension, they may also make it harder for your heart to empty. And they cause other physical changes that raise your risk of atrial fibrillation. Sleep apnea : Each time you're jarred awake by lack of oxygen, it puts a mechanical stress on and causes chemical changes inside your heart. Plus, over time, sleep apnea can lead to conditions like high blood pressure and obesity, which make AFib more likely. Infections caused by a virus: The resulting inflammation could cause changes to your heart. Medication: Research suggests that people who take high doses of steroids -- perhaps for asthma or other conditions -- may be more likely to get AFib. If your chances are higher anyway, this treatment can trigger an episode. So can over-the-counter cold medications with caffeine or other ingredients that rev up your heart rate. Alcohol: For some people, binge drinking is a trigger. But for others, even a modest amount can trigger AFib. Stimulants: Caffeine, cigarettes, and other things that rev up your system can set off AFib. Caffeine will probably affect you more if you don't usually drink it. Stress and worry: When you're under a lot of pressure or feeling worn out, it could trigger an episode or make your symptoms worse.,Atrial fibrillation ( AFib) is the most common problem with your heartbeat's rate or rhythm.The basic cause of AFib is disorganized signals that make your heart's two upper chambers (the atria) squeeze very fast and out of sync.They contract so quickly that the heart walls quiver, or fibrillate.Damage to your heart's electrical system can cause AFib.This damage often results from other conditions that affect the heart.But in at least 1 of every 10 AFib cases, other things may be at play.Sometimes, doctors can't figure out what's causing AFib.Even after you've been diagnosed with the condition, you may be able to control your AFib and avoid having an episode if you know what triggers them for you.Things that most often lead to AFib Include: Age Genes Heart disease Sick sinus syndrome Heart attack High blood pressure Lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) or emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism) An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) Obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome Sleep apnea Infections caused by a virus Age: Your odds go up as you get older, especially after age 60.In part, that's because you're more likely to get heart disease and other conditions that can cause AFib.Genes: AFib is a hereditary condition.That means a part of the cause is in the genes you get from your parents at birth.If someone in your close family had or has it, there's a greater risk for you, too.Heart disease: Since AFib is a problem with your heart, it's not surprising that other heart issues raise the chance of having it, including: Coronary artery disease Heart valve disease Rheumatic heart disease Heart failure Weakened heart muscle (cardiomyopathy) Heart birth defects Inflamed membrane or sac around the heart (pericarditis) Sick sinus syndrome : This isn't the same as the sinuses in your head.The sinus node is a group of cells that control your heartbeat.Think of it as your heart's own natural pacemaker.Problems with it that can lead to AFib include: Your heart's electrical signals misfire.Your heart rate alternates between fast and slow.Heart attack : When the artery that supplies blood to the atria is blocked, it can damage atrial tissue and lead to AFib.But the reverse isn't true.AFib doesn't cause heart attacks.Heart surgery: AFib is the most common complication.It will happen to 2 or 3 out of every 10 people recovering from a heart operation.High blood pressure : It's the most common condition linked to AFib.It can make the atria, or upper chambers of your heart, get bigger, which makes it work harder Lung disease : This includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD), emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism).COPD in particular often comes along with high blood pressure, heart disease, ventricle problems, and other problems that play a role in AFib, such as: Low blood oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels Cigarette smoking Cardiac autonomic dysfunction -- your autonomic nervous system controls your heartbeat.In lung disease, it can get out of whack.Inhaled medications that boost your heart rate An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism): It speeds up everything in your body, including your heart.Obesity , diabetes , and metabolic syndrome : Not only are these conditions often linked with hypertension, they may also make it harder for your heart to empty.And they cause other physical changes that raise your risk of atrial fibrillation.Sleep apnea : Each time you're jarred awake by lack of oxygen, it puts a mechanical stress on and causes chemical changes inside your heart.Plus, over time, sleep apnea can lead to conditions like high blood pressure and obesity, which make AFib more likely.Infections caused by a virus: The resulting inflammation could cause changes to your heart.Medication: Research suggests that people who take high doses of steroids -- perhaps for asthma or other conditions -- may be more likely to get AFib.If your chances are higher anyway, this treatment can trigger an episode.So can over-the-counter cold medications with caffeine or other ingredients that rev up your heart rate.Alcohol: For some people, binge drinking is a trigger.But for others, even a modest amount can trigger AFib.Stimulants: Caffeine, cigarettes, and other things that rev up your system can set off AFib.Caffeine will probably affect you more if you don't usually drink it.Stress and worry: When you're under a lot of pressure or feeling worn out, it could trigger an episode or make your symptoms worse.

<human>: Who may be at a greater risk for atrial fibrillation (AFib)? <bot>: Medication: Research suggests that people who take high doses of steroids -- perhaps for asthma or other conditions -- may be more likely to get AFib. If your chances are higher anyway, this treatment can trigger an episode.,context:Atrial fibrillation ( AFib) is the most common problem with your heartbeat's rate or rhythm. The basic cause of AFib is disorganized signals that make your heart's two upper chambers (the atria) squeeze very fast and out of sync. They contract so quickly that the heart walls quiver, or fibrillate. Damage to your heart's electrical system can cause AFib. This damage often results from other conditions that affect the heart. But in at least 1 of every 10 AFib cases, other things may be at play. Sometimes, doctors can't figure out what's causing AFib. Even after you've been diagnosed with the condition, you may be able to control your AFib and avoid having an episode if you know what triggers them for you. Things that most often lead to AFib Include: Age Genes Heart disease Sick sinus syndrome Heart attack High blood pressure Lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) or emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism) An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) Obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome Sleep apnea Infections caused by a virus Age: Your odds go up as you get older, especially after age 60. In part, that's because you're more likely to get heart disease and other conditions that can cause AFib. Genes: AFib is a hereditary condition. That means a part of the cause is in the genes you get from your parents at birth. If someone in your close family had or has it, there's a greater risk for you, too. Heart disease: Since AFib is a problem with your heart, it's not surprising that other heart issues raise the chance of having it, including: Coronary artery disease Heart valve disease Rheumatic heart disease Heart failure Weakened heart muscle (cardiomyopathy) Heart birth defects Inflamed membrane or sac around the heart (pericarditis) Sick sinus syndrome : This isn't the same as the sinuses in your head. The sinus node is a group of cells that control your heartbeat. Think of it as your heart's own natural pacemaker. Problems with it that can lead to AFib include: Your heart's electrical signals misfire. Your heart rate alternates between fast and slow. Heart attack : When the artery that supplies blood to the atria is blocked, it can damage atrial tissue and lead to AFib. But the reverse isn't true. AFib doesn't cause heart attacks. Heart surgery: AFib is the most common complication. It will happen to 2 or 3 out of every 10 people recovering from a heart operation. High blood pressure : It's the most common condition linked to AFib. It can make the atria, or upper chambers of your heart, get bigger, which makes it work harder Lung disease : This includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD), emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism). COPD in particular often comes along with high blood pressure, heart disease, ventricle problems, and other problems that play a role in AFib, such as: Low blood oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels Cigarette smoking Cardiac autonomic dysfunction -- your autonomic nervous system controls your heartbeat. In lung disease, it can get out of whack. Inhaled medications that boost your heart rate An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism): It speeds up everything in your body, including your heart. Obesity , diabetes , and metabolic syndrome : Not only are these conditions often linked with hypertension, they may also make it harder for your heart to empty. And they cause other physical changes that raise your risk of atrial fibrillation. Sleep apnea : Each time you're jarred awake by lack of oxygen, it puts a mechanical stress on and causes chemical changes inside your heart. Plus, over time, sleep apnea can lead to conditions like high blood pressure and obesity, which make AFib more likely. Infections caused by a virus: The resulting inflammation could cause changes to your heart. Medication: Research suggests that people who take high doses of steroids -- perhaps for asthma or other conditions -- may be more likely to get AFib. If your chances are higher anyway, this treatment can trigger an episode. So can over-the-counter cold medications with caffeine or other ingredients that rev up your heart rate. Alcohol: For some people, binge drinking is a trigger. But for others, even a modest amount can trigger AFib. Stimulants: Caffeine, cigarettes, and other things that rev up your system can set off AFib. Caffeine will probably affect you more if you don't usually drink it. Stress and worry: When you're under a lot of pressure or feeling worn out, it could trigger an episode or make your symptoms worse.,Atrial fibrillation ( AFib) is the most common problem with your heartbeat's rate or rhythm.The basic cause of AFib is disorganized signals that make your heart's two upper chambers (the atria) squeeze very fast and out of sync.They contract so quickly that the heart walls quiver, or fibrillate.Damage to your heart's electrical system can cause AFib.This damage often results from other conditions that affect the heart.But in at least 1 of every 10 AFib cases, other things may be at play.Sometimes, doctors can't figure out what's causing AFib.Even after you've been diagnosed with the condition, you may be able to control your AFib and avoid having an episode if you know what triggers them for you.Things that most often lead to AFib Include: Age Genes Heart disease Sick sinus syndrome Heart attack High blood pressure Lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) or emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism) An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) Obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome Sleep apnea Infections caused by a virus Age: Your odds go up as you get older, especially after age 60.In part, that's because you're more likely to get heart disease and other conditions that can cause AFib.Genes: AFib is a hereditary condition.That means a part of the cause is in the genes you get from your parents at birth.If someone in your close family had or has it, there's a greater risk for you, too.Heart disease: Since AFib is a problem with your heart, it's not surprising that other heart issues raise the chance of having it, including: Coronary artery disease Heart valve disease Rheumatic heart disease Heart failure Weakened heart muscle (cardiomyopathy) Heart birth defects Inflamed membrane or sac around the heart (pericarditis) Sick sinus syndrome : This isn't the same as the sinuses in your head.The sinus node is a group of cells that control your heartbeat.Think of it as your heart's own natural pacemaker.Problems with it that can lead to AFib include: Your heart's electrical signals misfire.Your heart rate alternates between fast and slow.Heart attack : When the artery that supplies blood to the atria is blocked, it can damage atrial tissue and lead to AFib.But the reverse isn't true.AFib doesn't cause heart attacks.Heart surgery: AFib is the most common complication.It will happen to 2 or 3 out of every 10 people recovering from a heart operation.High blood pressure : It's the most common condition linked to AFib.It can make the atria, or upper chambers of your heart, get bigger, which makes it work harder Lung disease : This includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD), emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism).COPD in particular often comes along with high blood pressure, heart disease, ventricle problems, and other problems that play a role in AFib, such as: Low blood oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels Cigarette smoking Cardiac autonomic dysfunction -- your autonomic nervous system controls your heartbeat.In lung disease, it can get out of whack.Inhaled medications that boost your heart rate An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism): It speeds up everything in your body, including your heart.Obesity , diabetes , and metabolic syndrome : Not only are these conditions often linked with hypertension, they may also make it harder for your heart to empty.And they cause other physical changes that raise your risk of atrial fibrillation.Sleep apnea : Each time you're jarred awake by lack of oxygen, it puts a mechanical stress on and causes chemical changes inside your heart.Plus, over time, sleep apnea can lead to conditions like high blood pressure and obesity, which make AFib more likely.Infections caused by a virus: The resulting inflammation could cause changes to your heart.Medication: Research suggests that people who take high doses of steroids -- perhaps for asthma or other conditions -- may be more likely to get AFib.If your chances are higher anyway, this treatment can trigger an episode.So can over-the-counter cold medications with caffeine or other ingredients that rev up your heart rate.Alcohol: For some people, binge drinking is a trigger.But for others, even a modest amount can trigger AFib.Stimulants: Caffeine, cigarettes, and other things that rev up your system can set off AFib.Caffeine will probably affect you more if you don't usually drink it.Stress and worry: When you're under a lot of pressure or feeling worn out, it could trigger an episode or make your symptoms worse.

<human>: How does atrial fibrillation (AFib) happen? <bot>: Atrial fibrillation ( AFib) is the most common problem with your heartbeat's rate or rhythm. The basic cause of AFib is disorganized signals that make your heart's two upper chambers (the atria) squeeze very fast and out of sync. They contract so quickly that the heart walls quiver, or fibrillate.,context:Atrial fibrillation ( AFib) is the most common problem with your heartbeat's rate or rhythm. The basic cause of AFib is disorganized signals that make your heart's two upper chambers (the atria) squeeze very fast and out of sync. They contract so quickly that the heart walls quiver, or fibrillate. Damage to your heart's electrical system can cause AFib. This damage often results from other conditions that affect the heart. But in at least 1 of every 10 AFib cases, other things may be at play. Sometimes, doctors can't figure out what's causing AFib. Even after you've been diagnosed with the condition, you may be able to control your AFib and avoid having an episode if you know what triggers them for you. Things that most often lead to AFib Include: Age Genes Heart disease Sick sinus syndrome Heart attack High blood pressure Lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) or emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism) An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) Obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome Sleep apnea Infections caused by a virus Age: Your odds go up as you get older, especially after age 60. In part, that's because you're more likely to get heart disease and other conditions that can cause AFib. Genes: AFib is a hereditary condition. That means a part of the cause is in the genes you get from your parents at birth. If someone in your close family had or has it, there's a greater risk for you, too. Heart disease: Since AFib is a problem with your heart, it's not surprising that other heart issues raise the chance of having it, including: Coronary artery disease Heart valve disease Rheumatic heart disease Heart failure Weakened heart muscle (cardiomyopathy) Heart birth defects Inflamed membrane or sac around the heart (pericarditis) Sick sinus syndrome : This isn't the same as the sinuses in your head. The sinus node is a group of cells that control your heartbeat. Think of it as your heart's own natural pacemaker. Problems with it that can lead to AFib include: Your heart's electrical signals misfire. Your heart rate alternates between fast and slow. Heart attack : When the artery that supplies blood to the atria is blocked, it can damage atrial tissue and lead to AFib. But the reverse isn't true. AFib doesn't cause heart attacks. Heart surgery: AFib is the most common complication. It will happen to 2 or 3 out of every 10 people recovering from a heart operation. High blood pressure : It's the most common condition linked to AFib. It can make the atria, or upper chambers of your heart, get bigger, which makes it work harder Lung disease : This includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD), emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism). COPD in particular often comes along with high blood pressure, heart disease, ventricle problems, and other problems that play a role in AFib, such as: Low blood oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels Cigarette smoking Cardiac autonomic dysfunction -- your autonomic nervous system controls your heartbeat. In lung disease, it can get out of whack. Inhaled medications that boost your heart rate An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism): It speeds up everything in your body, including your heart. Obesity , diabetes , and metabolic syndrome : Not only are these conditions often linked with hypertension, they may also make it harder for your heart to empty. And they cause other physical changes that raise your risk of atrial fibrillation. Sleep apnea : Each time you're jarred awake by lack of oxygen, it puts a mechanical stress on and causes chemical changes inside your heart. Plus, over time, sleep apnea can lead to conditions like high blood pressure and obesity, which make AFib more likely. Infections caused by a virus: The resulting inflammation could cause changes to your heart. Medication: Research suggests that people who take high doses of steroids -- perhaps for asthma or other conditions -- may be more likely to get AFib. If your chances are higher anyway, this treatment can trigger an episode. So can over-the-counter cold medications with caffeine or other ingredients that rev up your heart rate. Alcohol: For some people, binge drinking is a trigger. But for others, even a modest amount can trigger AFib. Stimulants: Caffeine, cigarettes, and other things that rev up your system can set off AFib. Caffeine will probably affect you more if you don't usually drink it. Stress and worry: When you're under a lot of pressure or feeling worn out, it could trigger an episode or make your symptoms worse.,Atrial fibrillation ( AFib) is the most common problem with your heartbeat's rate or rhythm.The basic cause of AFib is disorganized signals that make your heart's two upper chambers (the atria) squeeze very fast and out of sync.They contract so quickly that the heart walls quiver, or fibrillate.Damage to your heart's electrical system can cause AFib.This damage often results from other conditions that affect the heart.But in at least 1 of every 10 AFib cases, other things may be at play.Sometimes, doctors can't figure out what's causing AFib.Even after you've been diagnosed with the condition, you may be able to control your AFib and avoid having an episode if you know what triggers them for you.Things that most often lead to AFib Include: Age Genes Heart disease Sick sinus syndrome Heart attack High blood pressure Lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) or emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism) An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) Obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome Sleep apnea Infections caused by a virus Age: Your odds go up as you get older, especially after age 60.In part, that's because you're more likely to get heart disease and other conditions that can cause AFib.Genes: AFib is a hereditary condition.That means a part of the cause is in the genes you get from your parents at birth.If someone in your close family had or has it, there's a greater risk for you, too.Heart disease: Since AFib is a problem with your heart, it's not surprising that other heart issues raise the chance of having it, including: Coronary artery disease Heart valve disease Rheumatic heart disease Heart failure Weakened heart muscle (cardiomyopathy) Heart birth defects Inflamed membrane or sac around the heart (pericarditis) Sick sinus syndrome : This isn't the same as the sinuses in your head.The sinus node is a group of cells that control your heartbeat.Think of it as your heart's own natural pacemaker.Problems with it that can lead to AFib include: Your heart's electrical signals misfire.Your heart rate alternates between fast and slow.Heart attack : When the artery that supplies blood to the atria is blocked, it can damage atrial tissue and lead to AFib.But the reverse isn't true.AFib doesn't cause heart attacks.Heart surgery: AFib is the most common complication.It will happen to 2 or 3 out of every 10 people recovering from a heart operation.High blood pressure : It's the most common condition linked to AFib.It can make the atria, or upper chambers of your heart, get bigger, which makes it work harder Lung disease : This includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD), emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism).COPD in particular often comes along with high blood pressure, heart disease, ventricle problems, and other problems that play a role in AFib, such as: Low blood oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels Cigarette smoking Cardiac autonomic dysfunction -- your autonomic nervous system controls your heartbeat.In lung disease, it can get out of whack.Inhaled medications that boost your heart rate An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism): It speeds up everything in your body, including your heart.Obesity , diabetes , and metabolic syndrome : Not only are these conditions often linked with hypertension, they may also make it harder for your heart to empty.And they cause other physical changes that raise your risk of atrial fibrillation.Sleep apnea : Each time you're jarred awake by lack of oxygen, it puts a mechanical stress on and causes chemical changes inside your heart.Plus, over time, sleep apnea can lead to conditions like high blood pressure and obesity, which make AFib more likely.Infections caused by a virus: The resulting inflammation could cause changes to your heart.Medication: Research suggests that people who take high doses of steroids -- perhaps for asthma or other conditions -- may be more likely to get AFib.If your chances are higher anyway, this treatment can trigger an episode.So can over-the-counter cold medications with caffeine or other ingredients that rev up your heart rate.Alcohol: For some people, binge drinking is a trigger.But for others, even a modest amount can trigger AFib.Stimulants: Caffeine, cigarettes, and other things that rev up your system can set off AFib.Caffeine will probably affect you more if you don't usually drink it.Stress and worry: When you're under a lot of pressure or feeling worn out, it could trigger an episode or make your symptoms worse.

<human>: Who is more likely to get atrial fibrillation (AFib)? <bot>: Things that most often lead to AFib Include: Age Genes Heart disease Sick sinus syndrome Heart attack High blood pressure Lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) or emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism) An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) Obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome Sleep apnea Infections caused by a virus Age: Your odds go up as you get older, especially after age 60. In part, that's because you're more likely to get heart disease and other conditions that can cause AFib. Caffeine will probably affect you more if you don't usually drink it.,context:Atrial fibrillation ( AFib) is the most common problem with your heartbeat's rate or rhythm. The basic cause of AFib is disorganized signals that make your heart's two upper chambers (the atria) squeeze very fast and out of sync. They contract so quickly that the heart walls quiver, or fibrillate. Damage to your heart's electrical system can cause AFib. This damage often results from other conditions that affect the heart. But in at least 1 of every 10 AFib cases, other things may be at play. Sometimes, doctors can't figure out what's causing AFib. Even after you've been diagnosed with the condition, you may be able to control your AFib and avoid having an episode if you know what triggers them for you. Things that most often lead to AFib Include: Age Genes Heart disease Sick sinus syndrome Heart attack High blood pressure Lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) or emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism) An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) Obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome Sleep apnea Infections caused by a virus Age: Your odds go up as you get older, especially after age 60. In part, that's because you're more likely to get heart disease and other conditions that can cause AFib. Genes: AFib is a hereditary condition. That means a part of the cause is in the genes you get from your parents at birth. If someone in your close family had or has it, there's a greater risk for you, too. Heart disease: Since AFib is a problem with your heart, it's not surprising that other heart issues raise the chance of having it, including: Coronary artery disease Heart valve disease Rheumatic heart disease Heart failure Weakened heart muscle (cardiomyopathy) Heart birth defects Inflamed membrane or sac around the heart (pericarditis) Sick sinus syndrome : This isn't the same as the sinuses in your head. The sinus node is a group of cells that control your heartbeat. Think of it as your heart's own natural pacemaker. Problems with it that can lead to AFib include: Your heart's electrical signals misfire. Your heart rate alternates between fast and slow. Heart attack : When the artery that supplies blood to the atria is blocked, it can damage atrial tissue and lead to AFib. But the reverse isn't true. AFib doesn't cause heart attacks. Heart surgery: AFib is the most common complication. It will happen to 2 or 3 out of every 10 people recovering from a heart operation. High blood pressure : It's the most common condition linked to AFib. It can make the atria, or upper chambers of your heart, get bigger, which makes it work harder Lung disease : This includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD), emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism). COPD in particular often comes along with high blood pressure, heart disease, ventricle problems, and other problems that play a role in AFib, such as: Low blood oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels Cigarette smoking Cardiac autonomic dysfunction -- your autonomic nervous system controls your heartbeat. In lung disease, it can get out of whack. Inhaled medications that boost your heart rate An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism): It speeds up everything in your body, including your heart. Obesity , diabetes , and metabolic syndrome : Not only are these conditions often linked with hypertension, they may also make it harder for your heart to empty. And they cause other physical changes that raise your risk of atrial fibrillation. Sleep apnea : Each time you're jarred awake by lack of oxygen, it puts a mechanical stress on and causes chemical changes inside your heart. Plus, over time, sleep apnea can lead to conditions like high blood pressure and obesity, which make AFib more likely. Infections caused by a virus: The resulting inflammation could cause changes to your heart. Medication: Research suggests that people who take high doses of steroids -- perhaps for asthma or other conditions -- may be more likely to get AFib. If your chances are higher anyway, this treatment can trigger an episode. So can over-the-counter cold medications with caffeine or other ingredients that rev up your heart rate. Alcohol: For some people, binge drinking is a trigger. But for others, even a modest amount can trigger AFib. Stimulants: Caffeine, cigarettes, and other things that rev up your system can set off AFib. Caffeine will probably affect you more if you don't usually drink it. Stress and worry: When you're under a lot of pressure or feeling worn out, it could trigger an episode or make your symptoms worse.,Atrial fibrillation ( AFib) is the most common problem with your heartbeat's rate or rhythm.The basic cause of AFib is disorganized signals that make your heart's two upper chambers (the atria) squeeze very fast and out of sync.They contract so quickly that the heart walls quiver, or fibrillate.Damage to your heart's electrical system can cause AFib.This damage often results from other conditions that affect the heart.But in at least 1 of every 10 AFib cases, other things may be at play.Sometimes, doctors can't figure out what's causing AFib.Even after you've been diagnosed with the condition, you may be able to control your AFib and avoid having an episode if you know what triggers them for you.Things that most often lead to AFib Include: Age Genes Heart disease Sick sinus syndrome Heart attack High blood pressure Lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) or emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism) An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) Obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome Sleep apnea Infections caused by a virus Age: Your odds go up as you get older, especially after age 60.In part, that's because you're more likely to get heart disease and other conditions that can cause AFib.Genes: AFib is a hereditary condition.That means a part of the cause is in the genes you get from your parents at birth.If someone in your close family had or has it, there's a greater risk for you, too.Heart disease: Since AFib is a problem with your heart, it's not surprising that other heart issues raise the chance of having it, including: Coronary artery disease Heart valve disease Rheumatic heart disease Heart failure Weakened heart muscle (cardiomyopathy) Heart birth defects Inflamed membrane or sac around the heart (pericarditis) Sick sinus syndrome : This isn't the same as the sinuses in your head.The sinus node is a group of cells that control your heartbeat.Think of it as your heart's own natural pacemaker.Problems with it that can lead to AFib include: Your heart's electrical signals misfire.Your heart rate alternates between fast and slow.Heart attack : When the artery that supplies blood to the atria is blocked, it can damage atrial tissue and lead to AFib.But the reverse isn't true.AFib doesn't cause heart attacks.Heart surgery: AFib is the most common complication.It will happen to 2 or 3 out of every 10 people recovering from a heart operation.High blood pressure : It's the most common condition linked to AFib.It can make the atria, or upper chambers of your heart, get bigger, which makes it work harder Lung disease : This includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD), emphysema, or a blood clot in your lung (pulmonary embolism).COPD in particular often comes along with high blood pressure, heart disease, ventricle problems, and other problems that play a role in AFib, such as: Low blood oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels Cigarette smoking Cardiac autonomic dysfunction -- your autonomic nervous system controls your heartbeat.In lung disease, it can get out of whack.Inhaled medications that boost your heart rate An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism): It speeds up everything in your body, including your heart.Obesity , diabetes , and metabolic syndrome : Not only are these conditions often linked with hypertension, they may also make it harder for your heart to empty.And they cause other physical changes that raise your risk of atrial fibrillation.Sleep apnea : Each time you're jarred awake by lack of oxygen, it puts a mechanical stress on and causes chemical changes inside your heart.Plus, over time, sleep apnea can lead to conditions like high blood pressure and obesity, which make AFib more likely.Infections caused by a virus: The resulting inflammation could cause changes to your heart.Medication: Research suggests that people who take high doses of steroids -- perhaps for asthma or other conditions -- may be more likely to get AFib.If your chances are higher anyway, this treatment can trigger an episode.So can over-the-counter cold medications with caffeine or other ingredients that rev up your heart rate.Alcohol: For some people, binge drinking is a trigger.But for others, even a modest amount can trigger AFib.Stimulants: Caffeine, cigarettes, and other things that rev up your system can set off AFib.Caffeine will probably affect you more if you don't usually drink it.Stress and worry: When you're under a lot of pressure or feeling worn out, it could trigger an episode or make your symptoms worse.

<human>: What are some ways to lower your chance of getting a yeast infection? <bot>: You're more likely to get one when you: Are pregnant Have diabetes Have a weakened immune system Take antibiotics Use birth control with high doses of the hormone estrogen Use douches or vaginal sprays It may not be possible for all women to prevent yeast infections, but here's what you can do to lower your odds. It doesn't hold onto heat or moisture. It will help keep you dry. They can boost your body temperature and increase the amount of moisture around your private parts. That raises your chances for a yeast infection. Don't douche. “ Feminine hygiene products” like douches can disrupt the balance of bacteria in your vagina by removing some of the good bacteria that's supposed to be there to fight off infections. Skip the scent in feminine products. You don't need them for conditions like a cold, because they don't do anything against a virus.,context:If you're like 75% of women, you'll get at least one yeast infection during your lifetime. Half will get two or more. You're more likely to get one when you: Are pregnant Have diabetes Have a weakened immune system Take antibiotics Use birth control with high doses of the hormone estrogen Use douches or vaginal sprays It may not be possible for all women to prevent yeast infections, but here's what you can do to lower your odds. Wear breathable underwear. Cotton is your best choice. It doesn't hold onto heat or moisture. It will help keep you dry. Keep things loose. Make sure your jeans, skirts, underwear, yoga pants, tights, pantyhose, etc. aren't too snug. They can boost your body temperature and increase the amount of moisture around your private parts. That raises your chances for a yeast infection. Don't douche. “ Feminine hygiene products” like douches can disrupt the balance of bacteria in your vagina by removing some of the good bacteria that's supposed to be there to fight off infections. Skip the scent in feminine products. This includes bubble baths, soaps, sprays, tampons, and pads. Avoid hot tubs and extra hot baths. Hot and damp are never your friends. Change out of wet clothes. Don't sit in a wet bathing suit after you go swimming or damp workout gear after the gym. Change into dry clothes right away. In the ba throom, always wipe from front to back. When on your period, change your tampons, pads, and panty liners often. Manage your diabetes. If you have it, be sure to keep an eye on your blood sugar levels and keep them under control. Use antibiotics only when you have to. You don't need them for conditions like a cold, because they don't do anything against a virus. If you don't have to, don't take them.,If you're like 75% of women, you'll get at least one yeast infection during your lifetime.Half will get two or more.You're more likely to get one when you: Are pregnant Have diabetes Have a weakened immune system Take antibiotics Use birth control with high doses of the hormone estrogen Use douches or vaginal sprays It may not be possible for all women to prevent yeast infections, but here's what you can do to lower your odds.Wear breathable underwear.Cotton is your best choice.It doesn't hold onto heat or moisture.It will help keep you dry.Keep things loose.Make sure your jeans, skirts, underwear, yoga pants, tights, pantyhose, etc.aren't too snug.They can boost your body temperature and increase the amount of moisture around your private parts.That raises your chances for a yeast infection.Don't douche.“ Feminine hygiene products” like douches can disrupt the balance of bacteria in your vagina by removing some of the good bacteria that's supposed to be there to fight off infections.Skip the scent in feminine products.This includes bubble baths, soaps, sprays, tampons, and pads.Avoid hot tubs and extra hot baths.Hot and damp are never your friends.Change out of wet clothes.Don't sit in a wet bathing suit after you go swimming or damp workout gear after the gym.Change into dry clothes right away.In the ba throom, always wipe from front to back.When on your period, change your tampons, pads, and panty liners often.Manage your diabetes.If you have it, be sure to keep an eye on your blood sugar levels and keep them under control.Use antibiotics only when you have to.You don't need them for conditions like a cold, because they don't do anything against a virus.If you don't have to, don't take them.

<human>: What are the symptoms of familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL) in children? <bot>: The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: How can I help my child manage their inherited lipodystrophy? <bot>: Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: If my child has congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL), how can a doctor help with reshaping his facial features? <bot>: As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: What tests are used during the diagnosis of inherited lipodystrophy? <bot>: After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: I have fat deposits caused by familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL), how can I treat this? <bot>: People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: What are my treatment options for congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL)? <bot>: People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: I have familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL), will I pass this onto my children? <bot>: Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: What can I expect with inherited lipodystrophy? <bot>: How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: What are the symptoms of congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) in adults? <bot>: Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: How can I manage my familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL)? <bot>: Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: How can I prevent serious complications of inherited lipodystrophy? <bot>: Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: What other problems can inherited lipodystrophy cause? <bot>: This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: What causes inherited lipodystrophy? <bot>: The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: What are the symptoms of congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) in babies? <bot>: Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: What questions will my doctor ask me once I'm diagnosed with inherited lipodystrophy? <bot>: These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: If my child has inherited lipodystrophy, what medications should they take? <bot>: If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: Is family history important when diagnosis inherited lipodystrophy? <bot>: Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: Is inherited lipodystrophy related to other illnesses? <bot>: Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: What are the symptoms of familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL) in women? <bot>: It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: Is support available to help me cope with my inherited lipodystrophy? <bot>: The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: What chemical am I lacking if I have inherited lipodystrophy? <bot>: Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. How many people with this disease have you treated?,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: What medication can help lighten dark skin patches caused by inherited lipodystrophy? <bot>: They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: What questions should I ask my doctor about inherited lipodystrophy? <bot>: Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: What is inherited lipodystrophy? <bot>: It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: How can I treat my inherited lipodystrophy? <bot>: A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: Should I take birth control pills or hormone replacements if I have inherited lipodystrophy? <bot>: Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: Can inherited lipodystrophy be cured? <bot>: You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. How many people with this disease have you treated?,context:Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat. It's called "inherited" because you're born with it. It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents. It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look. And it can also cause other changes in your body. Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works. You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with. Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical. Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin. The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease. Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses. The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy. That's why there are different subtypes. Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent. It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease. The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes. Each of those has its own specific symptoms. Their severity varies, too. CGL. Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat. Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it. They grow fast and are very hungry. Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body. Infants usually develop an enlarged liver. Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels. Some children will have trouble thinking and learning. Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing. They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles). A woman might have irregular periods or no periods. She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin. FPL. The most common form shows up around puberty. Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck. They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases. They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too. It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease. About one-quarter of women get more body hair. They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS. These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed? When did you first see them? Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over? Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked? Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop? What other health problems does he have? Are his parents related by blood? Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat? Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important. After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has. Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it. Urine tests check for kidney problems. X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body. These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have. For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope. Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has. Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this? Do we need any more tests? How many people with this disease have you treated? What's the best way for us to manage this condition? What other symptoms should I watch for? How often should we see you? Do we need to see any other doctors? Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"? Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study? Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease? Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease. A healthy lifestyle plays a big role. Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet. But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly. Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too. Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't. People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases. Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too. If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar. Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse. Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches. Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin. As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp. Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features. People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again. Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when. Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine. Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life. Set the tone for others. Be positive and open-minded. People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you. When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition. Do what you can to boost self-esteem. Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance. Encourage friendships. But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words. Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor. Think about getting professional counseling. Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease. How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications. Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening. Diabetes is often hard to control. Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles. Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can. Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child. Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype. Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options. Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating. It really helps to reach out. Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families. You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.,Lipodystrophy is a problem with the way your body uses and stores fat.It's called "inherited" because you're born with it.It comes from the genes you got from one or both of your parents.It makes you lose the fat under your skin, so it can change the way you look.And it can also cause other changes in your body.Scientists have learned a great deal about how this disease works.You can't cure it, but with your doctor's help, the right treatment, a low-fat diet, and plenty of exercise, it's something you can live with.Because fat tissue makes the hormone leptin, people with inherited lipodystrophy often don't have enough of this chemical.Leptin tells your body you've eaten enough and to make insulin.The condition can also make fat build up in places it shouldn't, like the blood, heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas.This condition causes other problems, too, including diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and fatty liver disease.Inherited lipodystrophy is actually a group of related illnesses.The most common are: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy ( CGL), also called Berardinelli- Seip syndrome Familial partial lipodystrophy ( FPL) Researchers have found several genes that cause inherited lipodystrophy.That's why there are different subtypes.Sometimes, just one bad gene from one parent can cause it; sometimes, you must get a gene from each parent.It's also possible to have a bad gene but not get the disease.The two main kinds of inherited lipodystrophy have several subtypes.Each of those has its own specific symptoms.Their severity varies, too.CGL.Babies look very muscular because they have almost no body fat.Most have a large belly button or a hernia, or bulging, around it.They grow fast and are very hungry.Their skin may be dark, thick, and velvety in places, especially at the neck, armpits, and where their legs meet the trunk of their body.Infants usually develop an enlarged liver.Young kids have problems controlling their blood sugar and triglyceride levels.Some children will have trouble thinking and learning.Adults with CGL have large hands and feet and a strong, square jawbone because their hormone balance is off and they keep growing.They could have larger than usual sex organs (clitoris, or penis and testicles).A woman might have irregular periods or no periods.She could have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS).She'll probably have extra hair on her upper lip and chin.FPL.The most common form shows up around puberty.Children lose body fat from their arms, legs, and trunk while they gain fat in their face, chin, and neck.They'll get dark, velvety skin in folds and creases.They could have insulin resistance and an enlarged liver, too.It's easier to recognize FPL in women, since men tend to look muscular even without the disease.About one-quarter of women get more body hair.They can also have problems with their periods and may get PCOS.These women are more likely to have serious complications including: Diabetes High triglyceride and low HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels Heart disease Your doctor might ask you these questions: What symptoms have you noticed?When did you first see them?Are changes in how your child looks only in certain areas, or all over?Have you had his blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels checked?Has he had bad belly aches or oily poop?What other health problems does he have?Are his parents related by blood?Does anyone else in the family have problems with body fat?Since lipodystrophy is passed on by genes, your family history is very important.After talking to you and doing a full exam, the doctor may want to do some tests to learn more about what type of lipodystrophy your child has.Blood tests check: Blood sugar Kidney health Fats Liver enzymes Uric acid Checking your child's blood for leptin won't diagnose lipodystrophy, but it can help your doctor decide how to treat it.Urine tests check for kidney problems.X-rays use radiation in low doses to make images of structures inside his body.These can show bone problems that some people with lipodystrophy have.For a skin biopsy, the doctor will take a small piece of skin and check the cells under a microscope.Genetic testing may find the specific problem genes to pinpoint what type of lipodystrophy he has.Your doctor may also look for a pattern of fat loss with: Skinfold thickness measurements, checking how much skin he can pinch between his fingers at specific spots on the body A special X-ray that measures bone mineral density A special whole-body MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures showing tissues with fat What subtype of lipodystrophy is this?Do we need any more tests?How many people with this disease have you treated?What's the best way for us to manage this condition?What other symptoms should I watch for?How often should we see you?Do we need to see any other doctors?Is there anything I can do that will help my child look and feel "normal"?Can we be part of a lipodystrophy research study?Is it important to let other family members know he has this disease?Since you can't replace the missing body fat, your aim will be to avoid complications of the disease.A healthy lifestyle plays a big role.Everyone with lipodystrophy should eat a low-fat diet.But children still need enough calories and good nutrition so they grow properly.Exercise, especially if you have FPL, will help you stay healthy, too.Physical activity lowers blood sugar and can keep fat from building up where it shouldn't.People with CGL may be able to get shots of metreleptin ( Myalept) to replace the missing leptin and help prevent other diseases.Statins and omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fish, can help control high cholesterol or triglycerides, too.If your child has diabetes, she'll need to take insulin or other drugs to control her blood sugar.Women shouldn't use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy for menopause because they can make levels of fats worse.Your doctor may prescribe a lotion or cream to lighten and soften dark skin patches.Over-the-counter bleaches and skin scrubs probably won't work and could irritate the skin.As your child with CGL gets older, he may be able to get plastic surgery for his face with skin grafts from his thighs, belly, or scalp.Doctors can also use implants and injections of fillers to help reshape facial features.People with FPL who have extra fat deposits can have liposuction to get rid of some areas, but fat may build up again.Talk to your doctor about what approach for his appearance makes sense and when.Because this condition affects how someone looks, care and compassion are as important as medicine.Focus on keeping your child healthy and giving her a meaningful, rewarding life.Set the tone for others.Be positive and open-minded.People may not know how to react or what to say to keep from prying or offending or embarrassing you.When someone asks about her, be matter-of-fact about her condition.Do what you can to boost self-esteem.Try to focus your praise on achievements, rather than appearance.Encourage friendships.But kids will be kids, so prepare her for unkind looks and words.Help her practice how she can respond with role-play and humor.Think about getting professional counseling.Someone with training can help your child and your family sort out their feelings as they deal with the challenges of this disease.How long and how well someone with inherited lipodystrophy lives depends on how well they can manage the complications.Heart, blood vessel, liver, and kidney problems are common, and sometimes they're life-threatening.Diabetes is often hard to control.Some people have bone, immune system, or hormone-related troubles.Women with CGL usually can't have children, but men can.Someone with FPL has a 50/50 chance of passing the faulty gene to their child.Work closely with your doctor to help prevent the most serious complications for your child's subtype.Researchers are studying this disease, and they may find more treatment options.Living with a condition like this can feel very isolating.It really helps to reach out.Lipodystrophy United has information about the disease as well as an online community for people with lipodystrophy and their families.You can also add your information to a free, confidential registry to help researchers find new treatments.

<human>: Why might you need two medications for cholesterol if you have a genetic form of high cholesterol? <bot>: Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough. People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs.,context:Sometimes, one cholesterol medicine just won't cut it. Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range. But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol. Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication. Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan. There are a lot of reasons you could need extra help getting your cholesterol under control. Your doctor might recommend adding a medication if: Your statin hasn't helped. Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment. But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them. If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment. You have side effects from statins. These drugs can cause muscle pain, liver damage, and other problems that make it hard for some people to take them. Doctors can prescribe a lower dose to ease side effects, but that means adding another med to bring down cholesterol. You have a genetic form of high cholesterol. Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough. People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs. You can't take a statin. The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol. You have high triglycerides. Some drugs do a better job of bringing down these blood fats than others. Your doctor might add another drug that targets them. The goal of cholesterol treatment is to help you prevent a heart attack or stroke. So how many and which kind of drugs your doctor prescribes also depends on your chances for heart disease. The higher your risk, the more important it is to get your levels down. Your doctor will add up all of your risk factors and decide which medications will help you the most. The major risks for heart attacks and strokes are: You've had a heart attack or stroke before. You have diabetes. You're in the late stages of kidney disease. You have high “bad” LDL cholesterol (190 or higher). Your age: older than 45 for men, older than 55 for women. You have a family history of heart disease. You smoke. You have high blood pressure. You have low “good” HDL cholesterol (below 40 for men, below 50 for women). Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways. The ones your doctor adds depend on where your cholesterol needs help. Do you have too much LDL? Not enough HDL? Triglycerides too high? That will guide your doctor to a drug that treats your specific problem. If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin). This B vitamin is common as a supplement, but the prescription form ( Niaspan) is an extended-release formula. Ezetimibe ( Zetia) PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha). Evolocumab as also been approved as a preventative measure against heart attacks and strokes in people who have cardiovascuar disease. If you don't have enough HDL cholesterol in your blood, your doctor might prescribe: Statins Nicotinic acid (niacin) Drugs that lower triglycerides: Statins Fibrates, including fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Tricor, Triglide), fenofibric acid ( Trilipix), and gemfibrozil ( Lopid). You usually take these drugs instead of, not along with, a statin. Omega-3 fatty acids. The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa. Omega-3s also come in supplements.,Sometimes, one cholesterol medicine just won't cut it.Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range.But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol.Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication.Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan.There are a lot of reasons you could need extra help getting your cholesterol under control.Your doctor might recommend adding a medication if: Your statin hasn't helped.Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment.But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them.If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment.You have side effects from statins.These drugs can cause muscle pain, liver damage, and other problems that make it hard for some people to take them.Doctors can prescribe a lower dose to ease side effects, but that means adding another med to bring down cholesterol.You have a genetic form of high cholesterol.Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough.People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs.You can't take a statin.The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol.You have high triglycerides.Some drugs do a better job of bringing down these blood fats than others.Your doctor might add another drug that targets them.The goal of cholesterol treatment is to help you prevent a heart attack or stroke.So how many and which kind of drugs your doctor prescribes also depends on your chances for heart disease.The higher your risk, the more important it is to get your levels down.Your doctor will add up all of your risk factors and decide which medications will help you the most.The major risks for heart attacks and strokes are: You've had a heart attack or stroke before.You have diabetes.You're in the late stages of kidney disease.You have high “bad” LDL cholesterol (190 or higher).Your age: older than 45 for men, older than 55 for women.You have a family history of heart disease.You smoke.You have high blood pressure.You have low “good” HDL cholesterol (below 40 for men, below 50 for women).Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways.The ones your doctor adds depend on where your cholesterol needs help.Do you have too much LDL?Not enough HDL?Triglycerides too high?That will guide your doctor to a drug that treats your specific problem.If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin).This B vitamin is common as a supplement, but the prescription form ( Niaspan) is an extended-release formula.Ezetimibe ( Zetia) PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha).Evolocumab as also been approved as a preventative measure against heart attacks and strokes in people who have cardiovascuar disease.If you don't have enough HDL cholesterol in your blood, your doctor might prescribe: Statins Nicotinic acid (niacin) Drugs that lower triglycerides: Statins Fibrates, including fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Tricor, Triglide), fenofibric acid ( Trilipix), and gemfibrozil ( Lopid).You usually take these drugs instead of, not along with, a statin.Omega-3 fatty acids.The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa.Omega-3s also come in supplements.

<human>: Why might you need two medications for cholesterol if your statin hasn't helped? <bot>: Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment. But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them. If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment.,context:Sometimes, one cholesterol medicine just won't cut it. Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range. But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol. Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication. Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan. There are a lot of reasons you could need extra help getting your cholesterol under control. Your doctor might recommend adding a medication if: Your statin hasn't helped. Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment. But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them. If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment. You have side effects from statins. These drugs can cause muscle pain, liver damage, and other problems that make it hard for some people to take them. Doctors can prescribe a lower dose to ease side effects, but that means adding another med to bring down cholesterol. You have a genetic form of high cholesterol. Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough. People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs. You can't take a statin. The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol. You have high triglycerides. Some drugs do a better job of bringing down these blood fats than others. Your doctor might add another drug that targets them. The goal of cholesterol treatment is to help you prevent a heart attack or stroke. So how many and which kind of drugs your doctor prescribes also depends on your chances for heart disease. The higher your risk, the more important it is to get your levels down. Your doctor will add up all of your risk factors and decide which medications will help you the most. The major risks for heart attacks and strokes are: You've had a heart attack or stroke before. You have diabetes. You're in the late stages of kidney disease. You have high “bad” LDL cholesterol (190 or higher). Your age: older than 45 for men, older than 55 for women. You have a family history of heart disease. You smoke. You have high blood pressure. You have low “good” HDL cholesterol (below 40 for men, below 50 for women). Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways. The ones your doctor adds depend on where your cholesterol needs help. Do you have too much LDL? Not enough HDL? Triglycerides too high? That will guide your doctor to a drug that treats your specific problem. If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin). This B vitamin is common as a supplement, but the prescription form ( Niaspan) is an extended-release formula. Ezetimibe ( Zetia) PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha). Evolocumab as also been approved as a preventative measure against heart attacks and strokes in people who have cardiovascuar disease. If you don't have enough HDL cholesterol in your blood, your doctor might prescribe: Statins Nicotinic acid (niacin) Drugs that lower triglycerides: Statins Fibrates, including fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Tricor, Triglide), fenofibric acid ( Trilipix), and gemfibrozil ( Lopid). You usually take these drugs instead of, not along with, a statin. Omega-3 fatty acids. The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa. Omega-3s also come in supplements.,Sometimes, one cholesterol medicine just won't cut it.Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range.But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol.Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication.Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan.There are a lot of reasons you could need extra help getting your cholesterol under control.Your doctor might recommend adding a medication if: Your statin hasn't helped.Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment.But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them.If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment.You have side effects from statins.These drugs can cause muscle pain, liver damage, and other problems that make it hard for some people to take them.Doctors can prescribe a lower dose to ease side effects, but that means adding another med to bring down cholesterol.You have a genetic form of high cholesterol.Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough.People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs.You can't take a statin.The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol.You have high triglycerides.Some drugs do a better job of bringing down these blood fats than others.Your doctor might add another drug that targets them.The goal of cholesterol treatment is to help you prevent a heart attack or stroke.So how many and which kind of drugs your doctor prescribes also depends on your chances for heart disease.The higher your risk, the more important it is to get your levels down.Your doctor will add up all of your risk factors and decide which medications will help you the most.The major risks for heart attacks and strokes are: You've had a heart attack or stroke before.You have diabetes.You're in the late stages of kidney disease.You have high “bad” LDL cholesterol (190 or higher).Your age: older than 45 for men, older than 55 for women.You have a family history of heart disease.You smoke.You have high blood pressure.You have low “good” HDL cholesterol (below 40 for men, below 50 for women).Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways.The ones your doctor adds depend on where your cholesterol needs help.Do you have too much LDL?Not enough HDL?Triglycerides too high?That will guide your doctor to a drug that treats your specific problem.If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin).This B vitamin is common as a supplement, but the prescription form ( Niaspan) is an extended-release formula.Ezetimibe ( Zetia) PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha).Evolocumab as also been approved as a preventative measure against heart attacks and strokes in people who have cardiovascuar disease.If you don't have enough HDL cholesterol in your blood, your doctor might prescribe: Statins Nicotinic acid (niacin) Drugs that lower triglycerides: Statins Fibrates, including fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Tricor, Triglide), fenofibric acid ( Trilipix), and gemfibrozil ( Lopid).You usually take these drugs instead of, not along with, a statin.Omega-3 fatty acids.The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa.Omega-3s also come in supplements.

<human>: What will your doctor consider along with your chances for heart disease when choosing a cholesterol treatment? <bot>: Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways.,context:Sometimes, one cholesterol medicine just won't cut it. Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range. But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol. Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication. Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan. There are a lot of reasons you could need extra help getting your cholesterol under control. Your doctor might recommend adding a medication if: Your statin hasn't helped. Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment. But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them. If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment. You have side effects from statins. These drugs can cause muscle pain, liver damage, and other problems that make it hard for some people to take them. Doctors can prescribe a lower dose to ease side effects, but that means adding another med to bring down cholesterol. You have a genetic form of high cholesterol. Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough. People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs. You can't take a statin. The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol. You have high triglycerides. Some drugs do a better job of bringing down these blood fats than others. Your doctor might add another drug that targets them. The goal of cholesterol treatment is to help you prevent a heart attack or stroke. So how many and which kind of drugs your doctor prescribes also depends on your chances for heart disease. The higher your risk, the more important it is to get your levels down. Your doctor will add up all of your risk factors and decide which medications will help you the most. The major risks for heart attacks and strokes are: You've had a heart attack or stroke before. You have diabetes. You're in the late stages of kidney disease. You have high “bad” LDL cholesterol (190 or higher). Your age: older than 45 for men, older than 55 for women. You have a family history of heart disease. You smoke. You have high blood pressure. You have low “good” HDL cholesterol (below 40 for men, below 50 for women). Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways. The ones your doctor adds depend on where your cholesterol needs help. Do you have too much LDL? Not enough HDL? Triglycerides too high? That will guide your doctor to a drug that treats your specific problem. If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin). This B vitamin is common as a supplement, but the prescription form ( Niaspan) is an extended-release formula. Ezetimibe ( Zetia) PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha). Evolocumab as also been approved as a preventative measure against heart attacks and strokes in people who have cardiovascuar disease. If you don't have enough HDL cholesterol in your blood, your doctor might prescribe: Statins Nicotinic acid (niacin) Drugs that lower triglycerides: Statins Fibrates, including fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Tricor, Triglide), fenofibric acid ( Trilipix), and gemfibrozil ( Lopid). You usually take these drugs instead of, not along with, a statin. Omega-3 fatty acids. The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa. Omega-3s also come in supplements.,Sometimes, one cholesterol medicine just won't cut it.Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range.But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol.Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication.Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan.There are a lot of reasons you could need extra help getting your cholesterol under control.Your doctor might recommend adding a medication if: Your statin hasn't helped.Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment.But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them.If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment.You have side effects from statins.These drugs can cause muscle pain, liver damage, and other problems that make it hard for some people to take them.Doctors can prescribe a lower dose to ease side effects, but that means adding another med to bring down cholesterol.You have a genetic form of high cholesterol.Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough.People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs.You can't take a statin.The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol.You have high triglycerides.Some drugs do a better job of bringing down these blood fats than others.Your doctor might add another drug that targets them.The goal of cholesterol treatment is to help you prevent a heart attack or stroke.So how many and which kind of drugs your doctor prescribes also depends on your chances for heart disease.The higher your risk, the more important it is to get your levels down.Your doctor will add up all of your risk factors and decide which medications will help you the most.The major risks for heart attacks and strokes are: You've had a heart attack or stroke before.You have diabetes.You're in the late stages of kidney disease.You have high “bad” LDL cholesterol (190 or higher).Your age: older than 45 for men, older than 55 for women.You have a family history of heart disease.You smoke.You have high blood pressure.You have low “good” HDL cholesterol (below 40 for men, below 50 for women).Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways.The ones your doctor adds depend on where your cholesterol needs help.Do you have too much LDL?Not enough HDL?Triglycerides too high?That will guide your doctor to a drug that treats your specific problem.If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin).This B vitamin is common as a supplement, but the prescription form ( Niaspan) is an extended-release formula.Ezetimibe ( Zetia) PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha).Evolocumab as also been approved as a preventative measure against heart attacks and strokes in people who have cardiovascuar disease.If you don't have enough HDL cholesterol in your blood, your doctor might prescribe: Statins Nicotinic acid (niacin) Drugs that lower triglycerides: Statins Fibrates, including fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Tricor, Triglide), fenofibric acid ( Trilipix), and gemfibrozil ( Lopid).You usually take these drugs instead of, not along with, a statin.Omega-3 fatty acids.The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa.Omega-3s also come in supplements.

<human>: Why might you need two medications for cholesterol if you can't take a statin? <bot>: The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol.,context:Sometimes, one cholesterol medicine just won't cut it. Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range. But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol. Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication. Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan. There are a lot of reasons you could need extra help getting your cholesterol under control. Your doctor might recommend adding a medication if: Your statin hasn't helped. Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment. But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them. If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment. You have side effects from statins. These drugs can cause muscle pain, liver damage, and other problems that make it hard for some people to take them. Doctors can prescribe a lower dose to ease side effects, but that means adding another med to bring down cholesterol. You have a genetic form of high cholesterol. Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough. People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs. You can't take a statin. The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol. You have high triglycerides. Some drugs do a better job of bringing down these blood fats than others. Your doctor might add another drug that targets them. The goal of cholesterol treatment is to help you prevent a heart attack or stroke. So how many and which kind of drugs your doctor prescribes also depends on your chances for heart disease. The higher your risk, the more important it is to get your levels down. Your doctor will add up all of your risk factors and decide which medications will help you the most. The major risks for heart attacks and strokes are: You've had a heart attack or stroke before. You have diabetes. You're in the late stages of kidney disease. You have high “bad” LDL cholesterol (190 or higher). Your age: older than 45 for men, older than 55 for women. You have a family history of heart disease. You smoke. You have high blood pressure. You have low “good” HDL cholesterol (below 40 for men, below 50 for women). Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways. The ones your doctor adds depend on where your cholesterol needs help. Do you have too much LDL? Not enough HDL? Triglycerides too high? That will guide your doctor to a drug that treats your specific problem. If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin). This B vitamin is common as a supplement, but the prescription form ( Niaspan) is an extended-release formula. Ezetimibe ( Zetia) PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha). Evolocumab as also been approved as a preventative measure against heart attacks and strokes in people who have cardiovascuar disease. If you don't have enough HDL cholesterol in your blood, your doctor might prescribe: Statins Nicotinic acid (niacin) Drugs that lower triglycerides: Statins Fibrates, including fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Tricor, Triglide), fenofibric acid ( Trilipix), and gemfibrozil ( Lopid). You usually take these drugs instead of, not along with, a statin. Omega-3 fatty acids. The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa. Omega-3s also come in supplements.,Sometimes, one cholesterol medicine just won't cut it.Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range.But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol.Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication.Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan.There are a lot of reasons you could need extra help getting your cholesterol under control.Your doctor might recommend adding a medication if: Your statin hasn't helped.Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment.But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them.If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment.You have side effects from statins.These drugs can cause muscle pain, liver damage, and other problems that make it hard for some people to take them.Doctors can prescribe a lower dose to ease side effects, but that means adding another med to bring down cholesterol.You have a genetic form of high cholesterol.Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough.People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs.You can't take a statin.The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol.You have high triglycerides.Some drugs do a better job of bringing down these blood fats than others.Your doctor might add another drug that targets them.The goal of cholesterol treatment is to help you prevent a heart attack or stroke.So how many and which kind of drugs your doctor prescribes also depends on your chances for heart disease.The higher your risk, the more important it is to get your levels down.Your doctor will add up all of your risk factors and decide which medications will help you the most.The major risks for heart attacks and strokes are: You've had a heart attack or stroke before.You have diabetes.You're in the late stages of kidney disease.You have high “bad” LDL cholesterol (190 or higher).Your age: older than 45 for men, older than 55 for women.You have a family history of heart disease.You smoke.You have high blood pressure.You have low “good” HDL cholesterol (below 40 for men, below 50 for women).Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways.The ones your doctor adds depend on where your cholesterol needs help.Do you have too much LDL?Not enough HDL?Triglycerides too high?That will guide your doctor to a drug that treats your specific problem.If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin).This B vitamin is common as a supplement, but the prescription form ( Niaspan) is an extended-release formula.Ezetimibe ( Zetia) PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha).Evolocumab as also been approved as a preventative measure against heart attacks and strokes in people who have cardiovascuar disease.If you don't have enough HDL cholesterol in your blood, your doctor might prescribe: Statins Nicotinic acid (niacin) Drugs that lower triglycerides: Statins Fibrates, including fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Tricor, Triglide), fenofibric acid ( Trilipix), and gemfibrozil ( Lopid).You usually take these drugs instead of, not along with, a statin.Omega-3 fatty acids.The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa.Omega-3s also come in supplements.

<human>: What drugs might your doctor recommend if your LDL cholesterol level is too high? <bot>: If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin).,context:Sometimes, one cholesterol medicine just won't cut it. Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range. But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol. Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication. Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan. There are a lot of reasons you could need extra help getting your cholesterol under control. Your doctor might recommend adding a medication if: Your statin hasn't helped. Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment. But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them. If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment. You have side effects from statins. These drugs can cause muscle pain, liver damage, and other problems that make it hard for some people to take them. Doctors can prescribe a lower dose to ease side effects, but that means adding another med to bring down cholesterol. You have a genetic form of high cholesterol. Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough. People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs. You can't take a statin. The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol. You have high triglycerides. Some drugs do a better job of bringing down these blood fats than others. Your doctor might add another drug that targets them. The goal of cholesterol treatment is to help you prevent a heart attack or stroke. So how many and which kind of drugs your doctor prescribes also depends on your chances for heart disease. The higher your risk, the more important it is to get your levels down. Your doctor will add up all of your risk factors and decide which medications will help you the most. The major risks for heart attacks and strokes are: You've had a heart attack or stroke before. You have diabetes. You're in the late stages of kidney disease. You have high “bad” LDL cholesterol (190 or higher). Your age: older than 45 for men, older than 55 for women. You have a family history of heart disease. You smoke. You have high blood pressure. You have low “good” HDL cholesterol (below 40 for men, below 50 for women). Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways. The ones your doctor adds depend on where your cholesterol needs help. Do you have too much LDL? Not enough HDL? Triglycerides too high? That will guide your doctor to a drug that treats your specific problem. If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin). This B vitamin is common as a supplement, but the prescription form ( Niaspan) is an extended-release formula. Ezetimibe ( Zetia) PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha). Evolocumab as also been approved as a preventative measure against heart attacks and strokes in people who have cardiovascuar disease. If you don't have enough HDL cholesterol in your blood, your doctor might prescribe: Statins Nicotinic acid (niacin) Drugs that lower triglycerides: Statins Fibrates, including fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Tricor, Triglide), fenofibric acid ( Trilipix), and gemfibrozil ( Lopid). You usually take these drugs instead of, not along with, a statin. Omega-3 fatty acids. The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa. Omega-3s also come in supplements.,Sometimes, one cholesterol medicine just won't cut it.Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range.But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol.Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication.Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan.There are a lot of reasons you could need extra help getting your cholesterol under control.Your doctor might recommend adding a medication if: Your statin hasn't helped.Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment.But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them.If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment.You have side effects from statins.These drugs can cause muscle pain, liver damage, and other problems that make it hard for some people to take them.Doctors can prescribe a lower dose to ease side effects, but that means adding another med to bring down cholesterol.You have a genetic form of high cholesterol.Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough.People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs.You can't take a statin.The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol.You have high triglycerides.Some drugs do a better job of bringing down these blood fats than others.Your doctor might add another drug that targets them.The goal of cholesterol treatment is to help you prevent a heart attack or stroke.So how many and which kind of drugs your doctor prescribes also depends on your chances for heart disease.The higher your risk, the more important it is to get your levels down.Your doctor will add up all of your risk factors and decide which medications will help you the most.The major risks for heart attacks and strokes are: You've had a heart attack or stroke before.You have diabetes.You're in the late stages of kidney disease.You have high “bad” LDL cholesterol (190 or higher).Your age: older than 45 for men, older than 55 for women.You have a family history of heart disease.You smoke.You have high blood pressure.You have low “good” HDL cholesterol (below 40 for men, below 50 for women).Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways.The ones your doctor adds depend on where your cholesterol needs help.Do you have too much LDL?Not enough HDL?Triglycerides too high?That will guide your doctor to a drug that treats your specific problem.If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin).This B vitamin is common as a supplement, but the prescription form ( Niaspan) is an extended-release formula.Ezetimibe ( Zetia) PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha).Evolocumab as also been approved as a preventative measure against heart attacks and strokes in people who have cardiovascuar disease.If you don't have enough HDL cholesterol in your blood, your doctor might prescribe: Statins Nicotinic acid (niacin) Drugs that lower triglycerides: Statins Fibrates, including fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Tricor, Triglide), fenofibric acid ( Trilipix), and gemfibrozil ( Lopid).You usually take these drugs instead of, not along with, a statin.Omega-3 fatty acids.The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa.Omega-3s also come in supplements.

<human>: What drugs can lower triglycerides? <bot>: Omega-3 fatty acids.,context:Sometimes, one cholesterol medicine just won't cut it. Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range. But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol. Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication. Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan. There are a lot of reasons you could need extra help getting your cholesterol under control. Your doctor might recommend adding a medication if: Your statin hasn't helped. Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment. But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them. If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment. You have side effects from statins. These drugs can cause muscle pain, liver damage, and other problems that make it hard for some people to take them. Doctors can prescribe a lower dose to ease side effects, but that means adding another med to bring down cholesterol. You have a genetic form of high cholesterol. Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough. People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs. You can't take a statin. The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol. You have high triglycerides. Some drugs do a better job of bringing down these blood fats than others. Your doctor might add another drug that targets them. The goal of cholesterol treatment is to help you prevent a heart attack or stroke. So how many and which kind of drugs your doctor prescribes also depends on your chances for heart disease. The higher your risk, the more important it is to get your levels down. Your doctor will add up all of your risk factors and decide which medications will help you the most. The major risks for heart attacks and strokes are: You've had a heart attack or stroke before. You have diabetes. You're in the late stages of kidney disease. You have high “bad” LDL cholesterol (190 or higher). Your age: older than 45 for men, older than 55 for women. You have a family history of heart disease. You smoke. You have high blood pressure. You have low “good” HDL cholesterol (below 40 for men, below 50 for women). Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways. The ones your doctor adds depend on where your cholesterol needs help. Do you have too much LDL? Not enough HDL? Triglycerides too high? That will guide your doctor to a drug that treats your specific problem. If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin). This B vitamin is common as a supplement, but the prescription form ( Niaspan) is an extended-release formula. Ezetimibe ( Zetia) PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha). Evolocumab as also been approved as a preventative measure against heart attacks and strokes in people who have cardiovascuar disease. If you don't have enough HDL cholesterol in your blood, your doctor might prescribe: Statins Nicotinic acid (niacin) Drugs that lower triglycerides: Statins Fibrates, including fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Tricor, Triglide), fenofibric acid ( Trilipix), and gemfibrozil ( Lopid). You usually take these drugs instead of, not along with, a statin. Omega-3 fatty acids. The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa. Omega-3s also come in supplements.,Sometimes, one cholesterol medicine just won't cut it.Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range.But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol.Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication.Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan.There are a lot of reasons you could need extra help getting your cholesterol under control.Your doctor might recommend adding a medication if: Your statin hasn't helped.Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment.But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them.If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment.You have side effects from statins.These drugs can cause muscle pain, liver damage, and other problems that make it hard for some people to take them.Doctors can prescribe a lower dose to ease side effects, but that means adding another med to bring down cholesterol.You have a genetic form of high cholesterol.Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough.People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs.You can't take a statin.The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol.You have high triglycerides.Some drugs do a better job of bringing down these blood fats than others.Your doctor might add another drug that targets them.The goal of cholesterol treatment is to help you prevent a heart attack or stroke.So how many and which kind of drugs your doctor prescribes also depends on your chances for heart disease.The higher your risk, the more important it is to get your levels down.Your doctor will add up all of your risk factors and decide which medications will help you the most.The major risks for heart attacks and strokes are: You've had a heart attack or stroke before.You have diabetes.You're in the late stages of kidney disease.You have high “bad” LDL cholesterol (190 or higher).Your age: older than 45 for men, older than 55 for women.You have a family history of heart disease.You smoke.You have high blood pressure.You have low “good” HDL cholesterol (below 40 for men, below 50 for women).Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways.The ones your doctor adds depend on where your cholesterol needs help.Do you have too much LDL?Not enough HDL?Triglycerides too high?That will guide your doctor to a drug that treats your specific problem.If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin).This B vitamin is common as a supplement, but the prescription form ( Niaspan) is an extended-release formula.Ezetimibe ( Zetia) PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha).Evolocumab as also been approved as a preventative measure against heart attacks and strokes in people who have cardiovascuar disease.If you don't have enough HDL cholesterol in your blood, your doctor might prescribe: Statins Nicotinic acid (niacin) Drugs that lower triglycerides: Statins Fibrates, including fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Tricor, Triglide), fenofibric acid ( Trilipix), and gemfibrozil ( Lopid).You usually take these drugs instead of, not along with, a statin.Omega-3 fatty acids.The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa.Omega-3s also come in supplements.

<human>: Why might you need two medications for cholesterol if you have high triglycerides? <bot>: If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment. The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa.,context:Sometimes, one cholesterol medicine just won't cut it. Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range. But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol. Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication. Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan. There are a lot of reasons you could need extra help getting your cholesterol under control. Your doctor might recommend adding a medication if: Your statin hasn't helped. Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment. But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them. If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment. You have side effects from statins. These drugs can cause muscle pain, liver damage, and other problems that make it hard for some people to take them. Doctors can prescribe a lower dose to ease side effects, but that means adding another med to bring down cholesterol. You have a genetic form of high cholesterol. Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough. People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs. You can't take a statin. The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol. You have high triglycerides. Some drugs do a better job of bringing down these blood fats than others. Your doctor might add another drug that targets them. The goal of cholesterol treatment is to help you prevent a heart attack or stroke. So how many and which kind of drugs your doctor prescribes also depends on your chances for heart disease. The higher your risk, the more important it is to get your levels down. Your doctor will add up all of your risk factors and decide which medications will help you the most. The major risks for heart attacks and strokes are: You've had a heart attack or stroke before. You have diabetes. You're in the late stages of kidney disease. You have high “bad” LDL cholesterol (190 or higher). Your age: older than 45 for men, older than 55 for women. You have a family history of heart disease. You smoke. You have high blood pressure. You have low “good” HDL cholesterol (below 40 for men, below 50 for women). Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways. The ones your doctor adds depend on where your cholesterol needs help. Do you have too much LDL? Not enough HDL? Triglycerides too high? That will guide your doctor to a drug that treats your specific problem. If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin). This B vitamin is common as a supplement, but the prescription form ( Niaspan) is an extended-release formula. Ezetimibe ( Zetia) PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha). Evolocumab as also been approved as a preventative measure against heart attacks and strokes in people who have cardiovascuar disease. If you don't have enough HDL cholesterol in your blood, your doctor might prescribe: Statins Nicotinic acid (niacin) Drugs that lower triglycerides: Statins Fibrates, including fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Tricor, Triglide), fenofibric acid ( Trilipix), and gemfibrozil ( Lopid). You usually take these drugs instead of, not along with, a statin. Omega-3 fatty acids. The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa. Omega-3s also come in supplements.,Sometimes, one cholesterol medicine just won't cut it.Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range.But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol.Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication.Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan.There are a lot of reasons you could need extra help getting your cholesterol under control.Your doctor might recommend adding a medication if: Your statin hasn't helped.Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment.But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them.If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment.You have side effects from statins.These drugs can cause muscle pain, liver damage, and other problems that make it hard for some people to take them.Doctors can prescribe a lower dose to ease side effects, but that means adding another med to bring down cholesterol.You have a genetic form of high cholesterol.Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough.People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs.You can't take a statin.The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol.You have high triglycerides.Some drugs do a better job of bringing down these blood fats than others.Your doctor might add another drug that targets them.The goal of cholesterol treatment is to help you prevent a heart attack or stroke.So how many and which kind of drugs your doctor prescribes also depends on your chances for heart disease.The higher your risk, the more important it is to get your levels down.Your doctor will add up all of your risk factors and decide which medications will help you the most.The major risks for heart attacks and strokes are: You've had a heart attack or stroke before.You have diabetes.You're in the late stages of kidney disease.You have high “bad” LDL cholesterol (190 or higher).Your age: older than 45 for men, older than 55 for women.You have a family history of heart disease.You smoke.You have high blood pressure.You have low “good” HDL cholesterol (below 40 for men, below 50 for women).Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways.The ones your doctor adds depend on where your cholesterol needs help.Do you have too much LDL?Not enough HDL?Triglycerides too high?That will guide your doctor to a drug that treats your specific problem.If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin).This B vitamin is common as a supplement, but the prescription form ( Niaspan) is an extended-release formula.Ezetimibe ( Zetia) PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha).Evolocumab as also been approved as a preventative measure against heart attacks and strokes in people who have cardiovascuar disease.If you don't have enough HDL cholesterol in your blood, your doctor might prescribe: Statins Nicotinic acid (niacin) Drugs that lower triglycerides: Statins Fibrates, including fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Tricor, Triglide), fenofibric acid ( Trilipix), and gemfibrozil ( Lopid).You usually take these drugs instead of, not along with, a statin.Omega-3 fatty acids.The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa.Omega-3s also come in supplements.

<human>: Do cholesterol medicines always work? <bot>: Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range. But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol. Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication. Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan. Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough.,context:Sometimes, one cholesterol medicine just won't cut it. Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range. But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol. Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication. Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan. There are a lot of reasons you could need extra help getting your cholesterol under control. Your doctor might recommend adding a medication if: Your statin hasn't helped. Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment. But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them. If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment. You have side effects from statins. These drugs can cause muscle pain, liver damage, and other problems that make it hard for some people to take them. Doctors can prescribe a lower dose to ease side effects, but that means adding another med to bring down cholesterol. You have a genetic form of high cholesterol. Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough. People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs. You can't take a statin. The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol. You have high triglycerides. Some drugs do a better job of bringing down these blood fats than others. Your doctor might add another drug that targets them. The goal of cholesterol treatment is to help you prevent a heart attack or stroke. So how many and which kind of drugs your doctor prescribes also depends on your chances for heart disease. The higher your risk, the more important it is to get your levels down. Your doctor will add up all of your risk factors and decide which medications will help you the most. The major risks for heart attacks and strokes are: You've had a heart attack or stroke before. You have diabetes. You're in the late stages of kidney disease. You have high “bad” LDL cholesterol (190 or higher). Your age: older than 45 for men, older than 55 for women. You have a family history of heart disease. You smoke. You have high blood pressure. You have low “good” HDL cholesterol (below 40 for men, below 50 for women). Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways. The ones your doctor adds depend on where your cholesterol needs help. Do you have too much LDL? Not enough HDL? Triglycerides too high? That will guide your doctor to a drug that treats your specific problem. If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin). This B vitamin is common as a supplement, but the prescription form ( Niaspan) is an extended-release formula. Ezetimibe ( Zetia) PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha). Evolocumab as also been approved as a preventative measure against heart attacks and strokes in people who have cardiovascuar disease. If you don't have enough HDL cholesterol in your blood, your doctor might prescribe: Statins Nicotinic acid (niacin) Drugs that lower triglycerides: Statins Fibrates, including fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Tricor, Triglide), fenofibric acid ( Trilipix), and gemfibrozil ( Lopid). You usually take these drugs instead of, not along with, a statin. Omega-3 fatty acids. The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa. Omega-3s also come in supplements.,Sometimes, one cholesterol medicine just won't cut it.Even if you live a healthy lifestyle and take your pills correctly, you may need extra help getting your levels down to a healthier range.But that doesn't mean you have to live with high cholesterol.Help can come in the form of a second or even a third medication.Work with your doctor to build a better treatment plan.There are a lot of reasons you could need extra help getting your cholesterol under control.Your doctor might recommend adding a medication if: Your statin hasn't helped.Statins are a mainstay of cholesterol treatment.But they don't work well enough for everyone who takes them.If that's the case for you, your doctor might recommend that you add another medicine to your treatment.You have side effects from statins.These drugs can cause muscle pain, liver damage, and other problems that make it hard for some people to take them.Doctors can prescribe a lower dose to ease side effects, but that means adding another med to bring down cholesterol.You have a genetic form of high cholesterol.Familial hypercholesterolemia ( FH) is a condition that causes very high levels of cholesterol -- so high that one drug and lifestyle changes won't do enough.People with FH usually take a statin and one or two other drugs.You can't take a statin.The pills aren't safe for people with liver disease or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.Doctors will rely on other types of drugs to lower cholesterol.You have high triglycerides.Some drugs do a better job of bringing down these blood fats than others.Your doctor might add another drug that targets them.The goal of cholesterol treatment is to help you prevent a heart attack or stroke.So how many and which kind of drugs your doctor prescribes also depends on your chances for heart disease.The higher your risk, the more important it is to get your levels down.Your doctor will add up all of your risk factors and decide which medications will help you the most.The major risks for heart attacks and strokes are: You've had a heart attack or stroke before.You have diabetes.You're in the late stages of kidney disease.You have high “bad” LDL cholesterol (190 or higher).Your age: older than 45 for men, older than 55 for women.You have a family history of heart disease.You smoke.You have high blood pressure.You have low “good” HDL cholesterol (below 40 for men, below 50 for women).Along with your chances for heart disease, your doctor also will consider: Other medical conditions you have Side effects of the medication How much it costs Other medications you're taking What you feel comfortable with Different drugs work in different ways.The ones your doctor adds depend on where your cholesterol needs help.Do you have too much LDL?Not enough HDL?Triglycerides too high?That will guide your doctor to a drug that treats your specific problem.If your LDL levels are too high, your doctor might recommend: Statins,including atorvastatin ( Lipitor), fluvastatin ( Lescol), lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), pravastatin ( Pravachol), rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor), simvastatin ( Flolipid, Zocor), or pitavastatin ( Livalo) Resins, also called bile acid sequestrants, like cholestyramine ( Locholest, Prevalite, Questran), colesevelam ( Wel Chol), and colestipol ( Colestid) Nicotinic acid (niacin).This B vitamin is common as a supplement, but the prescription form ( Niaspan) is an extended-release formula.Ezetimibe ( Zetia) PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha).Evolocumab as also been approved as a preventative measure against heart attacks and strokes in people who have cardiovascuar disease.If you don't have enough HDL cholesterol in your blood, your doctor might prescribe: Statins Nicotinic acid (niacin) Drugs that lower triglycerides: Statins Fibrates, including fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Tricor, Triglide), fenofibric acid ( Trilipix), and gemfibrozil ( Lopid).You usually take these drugs instead of, not along with, a statin.Omega-3 fatty acids.The prescription forms of these fats include Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa.Omega-3s also come in supplements.

<human>: Who gets juvenile retinoschisis? <bot>: Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: Who gets Stargardt's disease? <bot>: Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: What is juvenile macular degeneration (JMD)? <bot>: Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: What is Best disease relative to juvenile macular degeneration (JMD)? <bot>: It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: What are the signs of Best disease? <bot>: Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: How does Stargardt's disease in juvenile macular degeneration affect my vision? <bot>: It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: What is Stargardt's disease in juvenile macular degeneration? <bot>: It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: How is juvenile macular degeneration treated? <bot>: Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: What causes juvenile macular degeneration (JMD)? <bot>: Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: What causes Best disease? <bot>: If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: What is juvenile macular degeneration? <bot>: Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: Who gets Best disease? <bot>: If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: How does someone get juvenile macular degeneration (JMD)? <bot>: These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: How does Best disease affect vision? <bot>: Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: What are the signs of Stargardt's disease in juvenile macular degeneration? <bot>: Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: What causes juvenile retinoschisis? <bot>: Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: What is Best disease? <bot>: It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: How does juvenile retinoschisis affect vision? <bot>: Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: What is juvenile retinoschisis? <bot>: Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: What are the symptoms of Best disease? <bot>: Unfortunately, there's no treatment. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: What are the symptoms of juvenile macular degeneration (JMD)? <bot>: Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: What does juvenile retinoschisis do to your eye? <bot>: Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: What does juvenile macular degeneration (JMD) damage in the eye? <bot>: JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: How does juvenile macular degeneration affect vision? <bot>: JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.,context:Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults. They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis. They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood. These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families. Unfortunately, there's no treatment. Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active. Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD. Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children. Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected. JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye. This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive. It also allows us to see color and recognize faces. There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD. It's the most common form of JMD. It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901. It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40. Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula. If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus. These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity. Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision. Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes. Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness. Some people lose vision quickly over a few months. Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40. It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision. You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places. Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease. Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease. If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease. Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it. But they can pass it on without knowing it. It's the second-most common type of JMD. You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor. It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later. Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula. It looks like a sunny-side-up egg. Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage. Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula. The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years. Early on, there's no change. Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes. Things will look blurry or warped. Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages. But you might not have serious vision loss. Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other. Causes. If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it. Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children. Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males. Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60. Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers. Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them. Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye. Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina. Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye. Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120. You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus). Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus). About half of people with the disease lose side vision. By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind. Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome. That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers. They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease. Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers. But they can't pass the gene to their sons. As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment. But surgery can help repair detached retinas.,Juvenile macular degeneration ( JMD) is the term for several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults.They include Stargardt's disease, Best disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.They can cause central vision loss that often starts in childhood or young adulthood.These conditions come from gene changes passed down in families.Unfortunately, there's no treatment.Visual aids, adaptive training, and other tools can help young people with vision loss remain active.Researchers continue to look for ways to prevent and treat JMD.Genetic counseling can teach parents about these eye problems and sort out the risks for their children.Counseling also helps families understand how their loved one's vision is affected.JMD damages the macula, the tissue in the center of your retina at the back of your eye.This area provides the sharp central vision that lets us do things like read and drive.It also allows us to see color and recognize faces.There's a variety of inherited diseases that can lead to JMD.It's the most common form of JMD.It's named after German eye doctor Karl Stargardt, who discovered it in 1901.It affects about one in 10,000 children in the U. S. Although the disease starts before age 20, you may not notice vision loss until age 30 to 40.Signs: It's usually diagnosed by yellow-white spots that appear in and around the macula.If they cover the back of the eye, then it is called fundus flavimaculatus.These deposits are an abnormal buildup of a fatty substance produced during normal cell activity.Symptoms: Include trouble reading and gray or black spots in your central vision.Loss of sight comes on slowly, then affects both eyes.Once vision reaches 20/40, the disease moves faster, until your vision reaches 20/200, which is legal blindness.Some people lose vision quickly over a few months.Most people will have vision loss ranging from 20/100 to 20/400 by the time they're 30 or 40.It doesn't affect peripheral, or side, vision.You probably won't lose night vision, but you might have trouble when you have to switch from dark to light places.Color vision goes away in later stages of the disease.Causes: Researchers blame a specific gene for the disease.If both parents carry one mutated form of the gene and one normal gene, their children have a 25% chance of getting the disease.Children who inherit only one mutated gene won't get it.But they can pass it on without knowing it.It's the second-most common type of JMD.You might also hear it called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.It was discovered in 1905 by Friedrich Best, another German eye doctor.It may show up on an eye exam between ages 3 and 15, but symptoms may not show up until later.Signs: The eye doctor will see a bright yellow fluid-filled sac, or cyst, under your macula.It looks like a sunny-side-up egg.Your vision may be normal or near normal at this stage.Eventually, the sac bursts, and the fluid spreads throughout your macula.The doctor can spot it with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope.Symptoms: Show up in stages over a period of years.Early on, there's no change.Later stages involve central vision loss in one or both eyes.Things will look blurry or warped.Your central vision could drop to 20/100 in later stages.But you might not have serious vision loss.Or you could lose vision in one eye, but not the other.Causes.If one parent has Best disease and one doesn't, there's a 50% chance their kids will get it.Children who don't develop the disease can't pass it on to their children.Also called X-linked retinoschisis, it mostly affects young males.Vision loss happens between ages 10 and 20 and remains stable until around age 50 or 60.Signs: This condition causes your retina to split into two layers.Blisters and blood vessels fill the space between them.Blood leaks into the vitreous fluid, the clear liquid that fills the inside of your eye.Over time, the vitreous fluid may pull away from your retina.Or the retina can detach from the inside wall of your eye.Symptoms: It causes central vision loss between 20/60 and 20/120.You might find it hard to focus both eyes on one object (strabismus).Or your eye might move on its own (nystagmus).About half of people with the disease lose side vision.By age 60 or older, you might be legally blind.Causes: The abnormal gene at fault is linked to the X chromosome.That means it behaves differently in women and men: There's a 50% chance that women who carry the gene will pass it on to their daughters, who will become carriers.They also have a 50% chance of passing it to their sons, who will get the disease.Men with the disease always pass it to their daughters, who then become carriers.But they can't pass the gene to their sons.As with other types of juvenile macular degeneration, there is no treatment.But surgery can help repair detached retinas.

<human>: Are there remissions and flare-ups of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis? <bot>: Typically, there are periods when the symptoms of JRA are better or disappear ("remissions") and times when symptoms are worse ("flare-ups"). The condition is different in each child. Some may have just one or two flare-ups and never have symptoms again. Others get many flare-ups or have symptoms that never go away.,context:The most common symptoms of all types of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis -- also called JRA or juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA) -- are persistent joint swelling, pain, and stiffness that typically is worse in the morning or after a nap. Other symptoms can include: Fever that comes and goes Less appetite Weight loss Anemia Blotchy rash on a child's arms and legs The pain may limit movement of the affected joint. Many children, especially younger ones, don't complain of pain. JRA commonly affects the knees and joints in the hands and feet. One of the earliest warning signs of the disease is limping in the morning because of a stiff knee. Besides joint symptoms, children with a form of the condition called “systemic JRA” have a high fever and a light skin rash. The rash and fever may appear and disappear quickly. Systemic JRA may cause the lymph nodes in the neck and other parts of the body to swell. In less than half of cases, internal organs including the heart and, very rarely, the lungs, may be involved. Eye inflammation is a potentially severe complication that sometimes happens in children with another type of JRA called “pauciarticular JRA.” Eye diseases such as iritis and uveitis usually don't happen for a while after a child first gets JRA. Typically, there are periods when the symptoms of JRA are better or disappear ("remissions") and times when symptoms are worse ("flare-ups"). The condition is different in each child. Some may have just one or two flare-ups and never have symptoms again. Others get many flare-ups or have symptoms that never go away. Some children with JRA may have growth problems. Depending on the severity of the disease and the joints involved, growth in affected joints may be too fast or too slow. That may make one leg or arm longer than the other. A child's height may be affected and their overall growth could be slower than normal. Doctors are exploring the use of growth hormones to treat this problem.,The most common symptoms of all types of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis -- also called JRA or juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA) -- are persistent joint swelling, pain, and stiffness that typically is worse in the morning or after a nap.Other symptoms can include: Fever that comes and goes Less appetite Weight loss Anemia Blotchy rash on a child's arms and legs The pain may limit movement of the affected joint.Many children, especially younger ones, don't complain of pain.JRA commonly affects the knees and joints in the hands and feet.One of the earliest warning signs of the disease is limping in the morning because of a stiff knee.Besides joint symptoms, children with a form of the condition called “systemic JRA” have a high fever and a light skin rash.The rash and fever may appear and disappear quickly.Systemic JRA may cause the lymph nodes in the neck and other parts of the body to swell.In less than half of cases, internal organs including the heart and, very rarely, the lungs, may be involved.Eye inflammation is a potentially severe complication that sometimes happens in children with another type of JRA called “pauciarticular JRA.” Eye diseases such as iritis and uveitis usually don't happen for a while after a child first gets JRA.Typically, there are periods when the symptoms of JRA are better or disappear ("remissions") and times when symptoms are worse ("flare-ups").The condition is different in each child.Some may have just one or two flare-ups and never have symptoms again.Others get many flare-ups or have symptoms that never go away.Some children with JRA may have growth problems.Depending on the severity of the disease and the joints involved, growth in affected joints may be too fast or too slow.That may make one leg or arm longer than the other.A child's height may be affected and their overall growth could be slower than normal.Doctors are exploring the use of growth hormones to treat this problem.

<human>: Will pain from rheumatoid arthritis limit my joint movement? <bot>: Other symptoms can include: Fever that comes and goes Less appetite Weight loss Anemia Blotchy rash on a child's arms and legs The pain may limit movement of the affected joint. Many children, especially younger ones, don't complain of pain.,context:The most common symptoms of all types of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis -- also called JRA or juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA) -- are persistent joint swelling, pain, and stiffness that typically is worse in the morning or after a nap. Other symptoms can include: Fever that comes and goes Less appetite Weight loss Anemia Blotchy rash on a child's arms and legs The pain may limit movement of the affected joint. Many children, especially younger ones, don't complain of pain. JRA commonly affects the knees and joints in the hands and feet. One of the earliest warning signs of the disease is limping in the morning because of a stiff knee. Besides joint symptoms, children with a form of the condition called “systemic JRA” have a high fever and a light skin rash. The rash and fever may appear and disappear quickly. Systemic JRA may cause the lymph nodes in the neck and other parts of the body to swell. In less than half of cases, internal organs including the heart and, very rarely, the lungs, may be involved. Eye inflammation is a potentially severe complication that sometimes happens in children with another type of JRA called “pauciarticular JRA.” Eye diseases such as iritis and uveitis usually don't happen for a while after a child first gets JRA. Typically, there are periods when the symptoms of JRA are better or disappear ("remissions") and times when symptoms are worse ("flare-ups"). The condition is different in each child. Some may have just one or two flare-ups and never have symptoms again. Others get many flare-ups or have symptoms that never go away. Some children with JRA may have growth problems. Depending on the severity of the disease and the joints involved, growth in affected joints may be too fast or too slow. That may make one leg or arm longer than the other. A child's height may be affected and their overall growth could be slower than normal. Doctors are exploring the use of growth hormones to treat this problem.,The most common symptoms of all types of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis -- also called JRA or juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA) -- are persistent joint swelling, pain, and stiffness that typically is worse in the morning or after a nap.Other symptoms can include: Fever that comes and goes Less appetite Weight loss Anemia Blotchy rash on a child's arms and legs The pain may limit movement of the affected joint.Many children, especially younger ones, don't complain of pain.JRA commonly affects the knees and joints in the hands and feet.One of the earliest warning signs of the disease is limping in the morning because of a stiff knee.Besides joint symptoms, children with a form of the condition called “systemic JRA” have a high fever and a light skin rash.The rash and fever may appear and disappear quickly.Systemic JRA may cause the lymph nodes in the neck and other parts of the body to swell.In less than half of cases, internal organs including the heart and, very rarely, the lungs, may be involved.Eye inflammation is a potentially severe complication that sometimes happens in children with another type of JRA called “pauciarticular JRA.” Eye diseases such as iritis and uveitis usually don't happen for a while after a child first gets JRA.Typically, there are periods when the symptoms of JRA are better or disappear ("remissions") and times when symptoms are worse ("flare-ups").The condition is different in each child.Some may have just one or two flare-ups and never have symptoms again.Others get many flare-ups or have symptoms that never go away.Some children with JRA may have growth problems.Depending on the severity of the disease and the joints involved, growth in affected joints may be too fast or too slow.That may make one leg or arm longer than the other.A child's height may be affected and their overall growth could be slower than normal.Doctors are exploring the use of growth hormones to treat this problem.

<human>: Is eye inflammation a complication of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA)? <bot>: Eye inflammation is a potentially severe complication that sometimes happens in children with another type of JRA called “pauciarticular JRA.” Eye diseases such as iritis and uveitis usually don't happen for a while after a child first gets JRA.,context:The most common symptoms of all types of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis -- also called JRA or juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA) -- are persistent joint swelling, pain, and stiffness that typically is worse in the morning or after a nap. Other symptoms can include: Fever that comes and goes Less appetite Weight loss Anemia Blotchy rash on a child's arms and legs The pain may limit movement of the affected joint. Many children, especially younger ones, don't complain of pain. JRA commonly affects the knees and joints in the hands and feet. One of the earliest warning signs of the disease is limping in the morning because of a stiff knee. Besides joint symptoms, children with a form of the condition called “systemic JRA” have a high fever and a light skin rash. The rash and fever may appear and disappear quickly. Systemic JRA may cause the lymph nodes in the neck and other parts of the body to swell. In less than half of cases, internal organs including the heart and, very rarely, the lungs, may be involved. Eye inflammation is a potentially severe complication that sometimes happens in children with another type of JRA called “pauciarticular JRA.” Eye diseases such as iritis and uveitis usually don't happen for a while after a child first gets JRA. Typically, there are periods when the symptoms of JRA are better or disappear ("remissions") and times when symptoms are worse ("flare-ups"). The condition is different in each child. Some may have just one or two flare-ups and never have symptoms again. Others get many flare-ups or have symptoms that never go away. Some children with JRA may have growth problems. Depending on the severity of the disease and the joints involved, growth in affected joints may be too fast or too slow. That may make one leg or arm longer than the other. A child's height may be affected and their overall growth could be slower than normal. Doctors are exploring the use of growth hormones to treat this problem.,The most common symptoms of all types of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis -- also called JRA or juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA) -- are persistent joint swelling, pain, and stiffness that typically is worse in the morning or after a nap.Other symptoms can include: Fever that comes and goes Less appetite Weight loss Anemia Blotchy rash on a child's arms and legs The pain may limit movement of the affected joint.Many children, especially younger ones, don't complain of pain.JRA commonly affects the knees and joints in the hands and feet.One of the earliest warning signs of the disease is limping in the morning because of a stiff knee.Besides joint symptoms, children with a form of the condition called “systemic JRA” have a high fever and a light skin rash.The rash and fever may appear and disappear quickly.Systemic JRA may cause the lymph nodes in the neck and other parts of the body to swell.In less than half of cases, internal organs including the heart and, very rarely, the lungs, may be involved.Eye inflammation is a potentially severe complication that sometimes happens in children with another type of JRA called “pauciarticular JRA.” Eye diseases such as iritis and uveitis usually don't happen for a while after a child first gets JRA.Typically, there are periods when the symptoms of JRA are better or disappear ("remissions") and times when symptoms are worse ("flare-ups").The condition is different in each child.Some may have just one or two flare-ups and never have symptoms again.Others get many flare-ups or have symptoms that never go away.Some children with JRA may have growth problems.Depending on the severity of the disease and the joints involved, growth in affected joints may be too fast or too slow.That may make one leg or arm longer than the other.A child's height may be affected and their overall growth could be slower than normal.Doctors are exploring the use of growth hormones to treat this problem.

<human>: What areas of the body does juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) commonly affect? <bot>: JRA commonly affects the knees and joints in the hands and feet. One of the earliest warning signs of the disease is limping in the morning because of a stiff knee.,context:The most common symptoms of all types of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis -- also called JRA or juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA) -- are persistent joint swelling, pain, and stiffness that typically is worse in the morning or after a nap. Other symptoms can include: Fever that comes and goes Less appetite Weight loss Anemia Blotchy rash on a child's arms and legs The pain may limit movement of the affected joint. Many children, especially younger ones, don't complain of pain. JRA commonly affects the knees and joints in the hands and feet. One of the earliest warning signs of the disease is limping in the morning because of a stiff knee. Besides joint symptoms, children with a form of the condition called “systemic JRA” have a high fever and a light skin rash. The rash and fever may appear and disappear quickly. Systemic JRA may cause the lymph nodes in the neck and other parts of the body to swell. In less than half of cases, internal organs including the heart and, very rarely, the lungs, may be involved. Eye inflammation is a potentially severe complication that sometimes happens in children with another type of JRA called “pauciarticular JRA.” Eye diseases such as iritis and uveitis usually don't happen for a while after a child first gets JRA. Typically, there are periods when the symptoms of JRA are better or disappear ("remissions") and times when symptoms are worse ("flare-ups"). The condition is different in each child. Some may have just one or two flare-ups and never have symptoms again. Others get many flare-ups or have symptoms that never go away. Some children with JRA may have growth problems. Depending on the severity of the disease and the joints involved, growth in affected joints may be too fast or too slow. That may make one leg or arm longer than the other. A child's height may be affected and their overall growth could be slower than normal. Doctors are exploring the use of growth hormones to treat this problem.,The most common symptoms of all types of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis -- also called JRA or juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA) -- are persistent joint swelling, pain, and stiffness that typically is worse in the morning or after a nap.Other symptoms can include: Fever that comes and goes Less appetite Weight loss Anemia Blotchy rash on a child's arms and legs The pain may limit movement of the affected joint.Many children, especially younger ones, don't complain of pain.JRA commonly affects the knees and joints in the hands and feet.One of the earliest warning signs of the disease is limping in the morning because of a stiff knee.Besides joint symptoms, children with a form of the condition called “systemic JRA” have a high fever and a light skin rash.The rash and fever may appear and disappear quickly.Systemic JRA may cause the lymph nodes in the neck and other parts of the body to swell.In less than half of cases, internal organs including the heart and, very rarely, the lungs, may be involved.Eye inflammation is a potentially severe complication that sometimes happens in children with another type of JRA called “pauciarticular JRA.” Eye diseases such as iritis and uveitis usually don't happen for a while after a child first gets JRA.Typically, there are periods when the symptoms of JRA are better or disappear ("remissions") and times when symptoms are worse ("flare-ups").The condition is different in each child.Some may have just one or two flare-ups and never have symptoms again.Others get many flare-ups or have symptoms that never go away.Some children with JRA may have growth problems.Depending on the severity of the disease and the joints involved, growth in affected joints may be too fast or too slow.That may make one leg or arm longer than the other.A child's height may be affected and their overall growth could be slower than normal.Doctors are exploring the use of growth hormones to treat this problem.

<human>: Besides joint pain, what are symptoms of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA)? <bot>: Other symptoms can include: Fever that comes and goes Less appetite Weight loss Anemia Blotchy rash on a child's arms and legs The pain may limit movement of the affected joint. The rash and fever may appear and disappear quickly. Systemic JRA may cause the lymph nodes in the neck and other parts of the body to swell. In less than half of cases, internal organs including the heart and, very rarely, the lungs, may be involved.,context:The most common symptoms of all types of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis -- also called JRA or juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA) -- are persistent joint swelling, pain, and stiffness that typically is worse in the morning or after a nap. Other symptoms can include: Fever that comes and goes Less appetite Weight loss Anemia Blotchy rash on a child's arms and legs The pain may limit movement of the affected joint. Many children, especially younger ones, don't complain of pain. JRA commonly affects the knees and joints in the hands and feet. One of the earliest warning signs of the disease is limping in the morning because of a stiff knee. Besides joint symptoms, children with a form of the condition called “systemic JRA” have a high fever and a light skin rash. The rash and fever may appear and disappear quickly. Systemic JRA may cause the lymph nodes in the neck and other parts of the body to swell. In less than half of cases, internal organs including the heart and, very rarely, the lungs, may be involved. Eye inflammation is a potentially severe complication that sometimes happens in children with another type of JRA called “pauciarticular JRA.” Eye diseases such as iritis and uveitis usually don't happen for a while after a child first gets JRA. Typically, there are periods when the symptoms of JRA are better or disappear ("remissions") and times when symptoms are worse ("flare-ups"). The condition is different in each child. Some may have just one or two flare-ups and never have symptoms again. Others get many flare-ups or have symptoms that never go away. Some children with JRA may have growth problems. Depending on the severity of the disease and the joints involved, growth in affected joints may be too fast or too slow. That may make one leg or arm longer than the other. A child's height may be affected and their overall growth could be slower than normal. Doctors are exploring the use of growth hormones to treat this problem.,The most common symptoms of all types of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis -- also called JRA or juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA) -- are persistent joint swelling, pain, and stiffness that typically is worse in the morning or after a nap.Other symptoms can include: Fever that comes and goes Less appetite Weight loss Anemia Blotchy rash on a child's arms and legs The pain may limit movement of the affected joint.Many children, especially younger ones, don't complain of pain.JRA commonly affects the knees and joints in the hands and feet.One of the earliest warning signs of the disease is limping in the morning because of a stiff knee.Besides joint symptoms, children with a form of the condition called “systemic JRA” have a high fever and a light skin rash.The rash and fever may appear and disappear quickly.Systemic JRA may cause the lymph nodes in the neck and other parts of the body to swell.In less than half of cases, internal organs including the heart and, very rarely, the lungs, may be involved.Eye inflammation is a potentially severe complication that sometimes happens in children with another type of JRA called “pauciarticular JRA.” Eye diseases such as iritis and uveitis usually don't happen for a while after a child first gets JRA.Typically, there are periods when the symptoms of JRA are better or disappear ("remissions") and times when symptoms are worse ("flare-ups").The condition is different in each child.Some may have just one or two flare-ups and never have symptoms again.Others get many flare-ups or have symptoms that never go away.Some children with JRA may have growth problems.Depending on the severity of the disease and the joints involved, growth in affected joints may be too fast or too slow.That may make one leg or arm longer than the other.A child's height may be affected and their overall growth could be slower than normal.Doctors are exploring the use of growth hormones to treat this problem.