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### Instruction: Are changes in hydration of the stratum corneum the most suitable indicator to evaluate the irritation of surfactants on the skin? ### Response:

Our results indicate that the change of hydration of the SC is equivalent to the skin damage caused by surfactants, and therefore is the most suitable indicator to evaluate the irritation of surfactants on the skin.

### Instruction: Does mEF2D-BCL9 Fusion Gene be Associated With High-Risk Acute B-Cell Precursor Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Adolescents? ### Response:

A novel MEF2D-BCL9 fusion we identified characterizes a novel subset of pediatric ALL, predicts poor prognosis, and may be a candidate for novel molecular targeting.

### Instruction: Does cSTMP induce apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in human myeloma RPMI8226 cells via CHOP-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress? ### Response:

Our results indicated that CSTMP could induce apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in RPMI8226 cells via CHOP-dependent ER stress.

### Instruction: Is infection a Risk Factor for Perioperative and Postoperative Blood Loss and Transfusion in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty? ### Response:

Although blood loss and transfusion rates were higher in septic revisions, the presence of infection alone did not increase the risk of transfusion or blood loss. Blood management strategies in revision total hip arthroplasties should be guided by the type of surgery planned and patient's preoperative health rather than the presence of infection.

### Instruction: Does vitamin D3 Partly antagonize Advanced-Glycation Endproducts-Induced NFκB Activation in Mouse Podocytes? ### Response:

Vitamin D3 or its analog paricalcitol partly prevented AGE-mediated NFκB activation, an important feature of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Whether this in vitro finding is of clinical relevance to prevent/treat DN requires further studies.

### Instruction: Does mediastinal transposition of the omentum reduce infection severity and pharmacy cost for patients undergoing esophagectomy? ### Response:

Mediastinal transposition of the omentum decreases the rate and severity of postoperative intrathoracic infection following an open Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy. This result in decreased pharmacy costs, rather than resulting in an increased economic burden sustained by surgical patients.

### Instruction: Are the high-risk criteria low-attenuation plaque < 60 HU and the napkin-ring sign the most powerful predictors of MACE : a long-term follow-up study? ### Response:

Prognosis is excellent over a long-term period if CTA is negative and worsening with an increasing non-calcifying plaque component. LAP <60 HU and NR sign are the most powerful MACE predictors.

### Instruction: Is β-Defensin 2 a responsive biomarker of IL-17A-driven skin pathology in patients with psoriasis? ### Response:

IL-17A is a primary driver of skin pathology in patients with psoriasis, and serum BD-2 is an easily measurable biomarker of IL-17A-driven skin pathology.

### Instruction: Does physical exercise alleviate ER stress in obese humans through reduction in the expression and release of GRP78 chaperone? ### Response:

Our results suggest that physical exercise alleviates ER stress in human obese through attenuation of GRP78 signaling network.

### Instruction: Do sugar-Sweetened Beverages Are the Main Sources of Added Sugar Intake in the Mexican Population? ### Response:

The average intake of added sugars in the Mexican diet is higher than WHO recommendations, which may partly explain the high prevalence of obesity and diabetes in Mexico. Because SSBs and HSFAS contribute >94% of total added sugars, strategies to reduce their intake should be strengthened. This includes stronger food labels to warn the consumer about the content of added sugars in foods and beverages.

### Instruction: Is which better for gastric cancer patients , perioperative or adjuvant chemotherapy : a meta-analysis? ### Response:

Perioperative chemotherapy showed improved survival compared to adjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer. In addition, combination chemotherapy resulted in better survival compared to monotherapy in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens.

### Instruction: Does computer simulation of lumbar flexion show shear of the facet capsular ligament? ### Response:

We found that in-plane and through-plane shear deformations are widely present in finite element simulations of a lumbar FCL during flexion. Importantly, we conclude that future studies of the FCL must consider the effects of both shear and tensile deformations.

### Instruction: Do histone deacetylase and GATA-binding factor 6 regulate arterial remodeling in angiotensin II-induced hypertension? ### Response:

These results suggest that class II HDAC inhibition attenuates hypertension by negatively regulating VSMC hypertrophy and hyperplasia via the CaMKIIα/protein kinase D1/HDAC4/GATA6 pathway.

### Instruction: Does an oral Aujeszky 's disease vaccine ( YS-400 ) induce neutralizing antibody in pigs? ### Response:

Domestic pigs given the trial ADV bait vaccine exhibited no adverse effects and developed high VN titers against ADV, indicating that the YS-400 strain is safe and can prevent ADV infection in domestic pigs.

### Instruction: Does qS-21 enhance the early antibody response to oil adjuvant foot-and-mouth disease vaccine in cattle? ### Response:

Strong early virus neutralizing antibody response will be useful for emergency or ring vaccinations against foot-and-mouth disease in target animals.

### Instruction: Does sacral Nerve Stimulation fail to Offer Long-term Benefit in Patients With Slow-Transit Constipation? ### Response:

This study only assessed patients with slow-transit constipation.

### Instruction: Does 18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid protect against methotrexate-induced kidney injury by up-regulating the Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 pathway and endogenous antioxidants? ### Response:

These results indicate that 18β-GA has a protective effect on MTX-induced nephrotoxicity with possible mechanisms of attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation through up-regulating the Nrf2/ARE signaling. These findings make 18β-GA candidate as a potent agent in preventing MTX-induced kidney injury.

### Instruction: Does hyperlactemia predict Surgical Mortality in Patients Presenting with Acute Stanford Type-A Aortic Dissection? ### Response:

Lactic acidosis, ostensibly as a surrogate for systemic malperfusion, represents a novel, accurate, and easily obtainable preoperative predictor of short-term mortality after attempted AAAD repair. These data may improve identification of patients who would not benefit from surgery.

### Instruction: Does differential functional readthrough over homozygous nonsense mutations contribute to the bleeding phenotype in coagulation factor VII deficiency? ### Response:

Background Whereas the rare homozygous nonsense mutations causing factor (F)VII deficiency may predict null conditions that are almost completely incompatible with life, they are associated with appreciable differences in hemorrhagic symptoms. The misrecognition of premature stop codons (readthrough) may account for variable levels of functional full-length proteins. Objectives To experimentally evaluate the basal and drug-induced levels of FVII resulting from the homozygous p.Cys132X and p.Ser112X nonsense mutations that are associated with moderate (132X) or life-threatening (112X) symptoms, and that are predicted to undergo readthrough with (132X) or without (112X) production of wild-type FVII. Methods We transiently expressed recombinant FVII (rFVII) nonsense and missense variants in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, and evaluated secreted FVII protein and functional levels by ELISA, activated FX generation, and coagulation assays. Results The levels of functional FVII produced by p.Cys132X and p.Ser112X mutants (rFVII-132X, 1.1% ± 0.2% of wild-type rFVII; rFVII-112X, 0.5% ± 0.1% of wild-type rFVII) were compatible with the occurrence of spontaneous readthrough, which was magnified by the addition of G418 - up to 12% of the wild-type value for the rFVII-132X nonsense variant. The predicted missense variants arising from readthrough abolished (rFVII-132Trp/Arg) or reduced (rFVII-112Trp/Cys/Arg, 22-45% of wild-type levels) secretion and function. These data suggest that the appreciable rescue of p.Cys132X function was driven by reinsertion of the wild-type residue, whereas the minimal p.Ser112X function was explained by missense changes permitting FVII secretion and function. Conclusions The extent of functional readthrough might explain differences in the bleeding phenotype of patients homozygous for F7 nonsense mutations, and prevent null conditions even for the most readthrough-unfavorable mutations.

### Instruction: Is eGFR expression associated with poor outcome in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma? ### Response:

We demonstrate that EGFR overexpression has prognostic implications associated with lymph node metastasis and progression in CSCC. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

### Instruction: Do both low and high serum ferritin levels predict mortality risk in hemodialysis patients without inflammation? ### Response:

Serum ferritin showed different patterns of association with all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients with versus without inflammation, whereas its association with cardiovascular hospitalization was similar regardless of inflammatory conditions.

### Instruction: Is child height gain associated with consumption of animal-source foods in livestock-owning households in Western Kenya? ### Response:

Child height gain was associated with milk and egg consumption in this cohort. ASF consumption was related to both household livestock ownership and animal health.

### Instruction: Are diabetes and increased lipid peroxidation associated with systemic inflammation even in well-controlled patients? ### Response:

These findings show that dyslipidemia is associated with an increased inflammatory status, even in well-controlled diabetics and in normoglycemics. Our results suggest that lipid metabolism and peroxidation are important for the development of inflammation, which is elevated in several complications associated with diabetes.

### Instruction: Are serum levels of copeptin associated with type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications in Chinese population? ### Response:

Using a post-hoc analysis our data show that elevated serum levels of copeptin are associated with type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications in Chinese population, suggesting a potential role of the AVP system (copeptin) in the pathophysiology of diabetes.

### Instruction: Is exercise training bradycardia largely explained by reduced intrinsic heart rate? ### Response:

We did not find evidence that an increase in parasympathetic tone or a decrease in responsiveness to beta-adrenergic activity accounts for the reduction in resting heart rate with exercise training. We suggest that a decline in heart rate with training is most likely due to decrease in the intrinsic heart rate.

### Instruction: Is pyrethroid resistance associated with a kdr-type mutation ( L1014F ) in the potato tuber moth Tecia solanivora? ### Response:

This is the first identification of a target-site-alteration-based resistance in the Guatemalan potato tuber moth T. solanivora, which is widespread and exhibits high frequencies among geographically distant strains, indicating that pyrethroids are probably becoming ineffective for the control of this pest species. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

### Instruction: 's it only what you say , it 's also how you say it : communicating nipah virus prevention messages during an outbreak in Bangladesh? ### Response:

During outbreaks, one-way behaviour change communication without meaningful causal explanations is unlikely to be effective. Based on the cultural context, interactive communication strategies in lay language with supporting evidence can make biomedical prevention messages credible in affected communities, even among those who initially invoke supernatural causal explanations.

### Instruction: Does payer Formulary alert as a Cause of Patient Harm and the Journey to Change Them? ### Response:

Enduring and meaningful change required partnership with multiple stakeholders, including EHR vendors, ePrescribing vendors, and pharmacy benefits managers. Improving drug alerts, reducing alert fatigue, and promoting value-based prescribing in the EHR will likely require similar partnerships.

### Instruction: Does frailty predict major bleeding within 30days in elderly patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome? ### Response:

Frailty phenotype, as a marker of biological vulnerability, is an independent predictor of major bleeding in elderly patients with ACS. Frailty can play an important role in bleeding risk stratification and objective indices should be integrated into routine initial evaluation of these patients.

### Instruction: Are hair Cortisol Concentrations in Adolescent Girls with Anorexia Nervosa Lower Compared to Healthy and Psychiatric Controls? ### Response:

We find lower HCC in AN, compared to HC and PC, respectively. Based on the relationship between HCC and BMI-SDS across AN, HC and PC, we argue that HCC might not capture endocrine alterations because of AN pathology-related processes but rather shows consistent relationships with BMI, which extent even to the very low range of BMI values, as present in AN patients. Alternatively, incorporation of cortisol into the hair follicle might have been compromised because of trophic hair follicle disturbances that had been reported in AN patients, previously. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.

### Instruction: Does mood influence the Concordance of Subjective and Objective Measures of Sleep Duration in Older Adults? ### Response:

The discrepancy classically observed between objective and subjective measures of sleep duration can be explained by mood status at the time of awakening. These results have potential implications for epidemiologic and clinical studies examining sleep as a risk factor for morbidity or mortality.

### Instruction: Does detection of molecular bacterascites in decompensated cirrhosis define a risk with decreased survival? ### Response:

BactDNA quantification in ascitic fluid samples using culture-independent 16S rRNA gene-based methods seems to be an interesting approach to identify patients at risk of reduced survival. Our study warrants further evaluation of antibiotic treatment in patients with molecular bacterascites.

### Instruction: Do centre characteristics determine ambulatory care and referrals in patients with spondyloarthritis? ### Response:

Frequenting rheumatology clinics and referrals to other specialists significantly varies between centres, after adjustment by patient characteristics.

### Instruction: Is a Novel Mutation in the DNA Binding Domain of NFKB Associated with Speckled Leukoplakia? ### Response:

The identification of a substitution mutation L140Q within the DNA binding domain of NFKB in OL suggests that NFKB mutation may be relatively an early event during transformation. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to have identified a missense mutation in NFKB in OL.

### Instruction: Is high-flow-mediated constriction in adults influenced by biomarkers of cardiovascular and metabolic risk? ### Response:

Increased body mass, fat mass, and body mass index were associated with a greater H-FMC. When H-FMC was present, the FMD response to reactive hyperemia was significantly lower. Because H-FMC has been observed to negatively affect FMD response to reactive hyperemia, we suggest that H-FMC should be noted when analyzing and interpreting FMD data. H-FMC may be an ancillary measure of endothelial health. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2016.

### Instruction: Are intrafollicular interleukin-8 , interleukin-12 , and adrenomedullin the promising prognostic markers of oocyte and embryo quality in women with endometriosis? ### Response:

The levels of IL-8, IL-12, and adrenomedullin may be good indicators of embryo and oocyte quality in endometriosis patients undergoing IVF. Further studies are necessary to ascertain the potential of these markers for oocyte and embryo developmental competence which may help improve the chances of a successful IVF in endometriosis patients.

### Instruction: Do blister fluid and serum cytokine levels in severe sepsis in humans reflect skin dysfunction? ### Response:

Cytokine responses in skin blister fluid in patients with sepsis differed from those in healthy controls.

### Instruction: Does relieving dyspnoea by non-invasive ventilation decrease pain thresholds in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? ### Response:

Relieving dyspnoea by NIV in patients with ALS having respiratory failure is associated with decreased pressure pain thresholds. Clinical implications have yet to be determined, but this observation suggests that patients with ALS could become more susceptible to pain after the institution of NIV, hence the need for reinforced attention towards potentially painful diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.

### Instruction: Is gestational diabetes associated with changes in placental microbiota and microbiome? ### Response:

A distinct microbiota profile and microbiome is present in GDM. Acinetobacter has been recently shown to induce IL-10 in mice. GDM could constitute a state of placental microbiota-driven altered immunologic tolerance, making placental microbiota a new target for therapy in GDM.

### Instruction: Do inotropes increase cardiac output or cerebral blood flow in preterm piglets? ### Response:

In order to provide better cardiovascular support, it may be necessary to develop treatments that target receptors with a more mature profile than adrenoceptors in the preterm newborn.

### Instruction: Does fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 Deficiency Impair the Osteoanabolic Action of Parathyroid Hormone on Mice? ### Response:

Bone anabolic effects of PTH were not impaired by the absence of FGFR3, suggesting that the FGFR3 signaling may not be required for osteoanabolic effects of PTH activities.

### Instruction: Does bDNF-mediates Down-regulation of MicroRNA-195 inhibit Ischemic Cardiac Apoptosis in Rats? ### Response:

Up-regulation of miR-195 in ischemic cardiomyocytes promotes ischemic apoptosis by targeting Bcl-2. BDNF mitigated the pro-apoptotic effect of miR-195 in rat cardiomyocytes. These findings may provide better understanding of the pro-apoptotic role of miR-195 in MI and suggest that BDNF/miR-195/Bcl-2 axis may be beneficial for limiting myocardial ischemic injury.

### Instruction: Does nocturnal hypoxia-induced oxidative stress promote progression of pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease? ### Response:

These data support the role of nocturnal hypoxia as a trigger for localized hepatic oxidative stress, an important factor associated with the progression of NASH and hepatic fibrosis in obese pediatric patients.

### Instruction: Does the Aquamantys ( ® ) system improve haemostasis and pneumostasis in open decortication for thoracic empyema? ### Response:

Our data indicates that the use of irrigated tip RF ablation is safe and effective in improving pneumostasis and haemostasis in decortication for thoracic empyema; and that this translates to morbidity and logistical benefit.

### Instruction: Does mangiferin inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced production of interleukin-6 in human oral epithelial cells by suppressing toll-like receptor signaling? ### Response:

Mangiferin decreases LPS-induced production of IL-6 in human oral epithelial cells by suppressing TLR signaling, and this glucosylxanthone may have potential for the treatment of periodontitis.

### Instruction: Is carotid stiffness associated with impairment of cognitive performance in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes . The Maastricht Study? ### Response:

Our findings suggest that carotid stiffness is associated with cognitive performance in both individuals with and without diabetes, but does not mediate the relationship between type 2 diabetes and cognitive dysfunction.

### Instruction: Is pilot study on the correlation between skin auto-fluorescence and serum antioxidant enzyme : skin auto-fluorescence negatively associated with levels of malondialdehyde? ### Response:

We determined that skin AF intensity of the photo-protected area reflects intrinsic skin aging. In addition, degree of photo-aging could be indirectly inferred by skin AF of photo-exposed area and serum MDA level.

### Instruction: Does concern for Lost Income Following Donation deter Some Patients From Talking to Potential Living Donors? ### Response:

Findings from the current study underscore how concern about income loss for living donors may affect decision-making by both transplant candidates and potential donors.

### Instruction: Are povidone-iodine rectal cleansing and targeted antimicrobial prophylaxis using rectal swab cultures in men undergoing transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy associated with reduced incidence of postoperative infectious complications? ### Response:

In the era of quinolone resistance, the combination of povidone-iodine rectal cleansing and targeted antibiotic prophylaxis may reduce the rate of infectious complications.

### Instruction: Is diastolic dysfunction associated with low urinary sodium excretion in patients with decompensated cirrhosis? ### Response:

We found that DD was independently associated with lower 24-hour urine sodium. Although no correlation was found between DD and severity of liver disease or survival, further studies are needed for final conclusions.

### Instruction: Does viral challenge reveal further evidence of skin-deep resilience in African Americans from disadvantaged backgrounds? ### Response:

These observations suggest that resilience may be a double-edged sword for African Americans from disadvantaged backgrounds. The same characteristics associated with academic success and psychological adjustment forecast increased vulnerability to health problems. (PsycINFO Database Record

### Instruction: Is the ADAMTS13-von Willebrand factor axis involved in the pathophysiology of kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury? ### Response:

Our data show that the ADAMTS13-vWF axis is partially involved in the pathophysiology of kidney IR, suggesting that regulating ADAMTS13- and vWF-dependent mechanisms could have therapeutic potential to limit renal IRI. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

### Instruction: Do rapid and accurate identification of Xanthomonas citri subspecies citri by fluorescence in situ hybridization? ### Response:

Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) is an aggressive and hardy pathogen of citrus plants worldwide. Outbreaks are difficult and costly to contain and the establishment of citrus canker results in restricted trade. In order to extend the existing toolkit for identification of Xcc we developed a novel diagnostic approach based on fluorescence in situ hybridization. Our approach is of comparable specificity and sensitivity to existing methods but can be performed directly on infected tissue making it significantly faster than existing PCRs, and requiring fewer laboratory resources.

### Instruction: Is cannabigerol a novel , well-tolerated appetite stimulant in pre-satiated rats? ### Response:

Here, we demonstrate for the first time that CBG elicits hyperphagia, by reducing latency to feed and increasing meal frequency, without producing negative neuromotor side effects. Investigation of the therapeutic potential of CBG for conditions such as cachexia and other disorders of eating and body weight regulation is thus warranted.

### Instruction: Is plasma MicroRNA-126-5p Associated with the Complexity and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Stable Angina Pectoris? ### Response:

Circulating miR-126-5p has emerged as a potential biomarker for complexity and severity of CAD in patients with stable angina pectoris.

### Instruction: Is biosynthesis of glycerol phosphate associated with long-term potentiation in hippocampal neurons? ### Response:

We identified the biosynthesis of glycerol-3-phosphate as a key regulator in mechanisms implicated in learning and memory. Notably, defects in enzymes linked with the glycerol phosphate shuttle have been implicated in neurological disorders and intellectual disability

### Instruction: Is cTX-M-15-H30Rx-ST131 subclone one of the main causes of healthcare-associated ESBL-producing Escherichia coli bacteraemia of urinary origin in Spain? ### Response:

The CTX-M-15-ST131-H30Rx subclone is a relevant MDR pathogen causing BUO, mainly HCA episodes. The dominance of this subclone with comparatively less diversity of virulence profiles reflects the spread of a successful and MDR ESBL ST131 lineage in Spain.

### Instruction: Do interictal epileptiform discharges have an independent association with cognitive impairment in children with lesional epilepsy? ### Response:

Overall, IED effects on cognition were of a magnitude similar to lesional influences or drug effects (topiramate use). This study demonstrates an association between IEDs and cognitive dysfunction, independent of the underlying focal brain pathology.

### Instruction: Does macrolide Resistance in Treponema pallidum correlate With 23S rDNA Mutations in Recently Isolated Clinical Strains? ### Response:

A macrolide resistant phenotype was demonstrated for all strains harboring a 23S rDNA mutation, demonstrating that either A2058G or A2059G mutation confers in vivo drug resistance.

### Instruction: Does obesity Modify the Risk of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in a Cytological Series of Thyroid Nodules? ### Response:

The results of this study, in a retrospective series of patients with thyroid nodules, do not confirm previous findings reporting an association between obesity and differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Thus, obese patients with nodular thyroid disease should be managed the same as normal-weight patients.

### Instruction: Does levothyroxine but Not Selenium Increases Endothelial Progenitor Cell count in Patients with Hypothyroidism? ### Response:

Hypothyroidism is associated with low EPC counts. Treatment with LT4, but not Se, can improve EPC counts.

### Instruction: Does the cytoprotective effect of biglycan core protein involve Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in cardiomyocytes? ### Response:

The core protein of exogenous biglycan protects myocardial cells from SI/R injury via TLR4-mediated mechanisms involving activation of ERK, JNK and p38 MAP kinases and increased NO production. The cytoprotective effect of rhBGNc is due to modulation of SI/R-induced changes in necrosis, apoptosis and autophagy.

### Instruction: Are higher maternal serum concentrations of nicotinamide and related metabolites in late pregnancy associated with a lower risk of offspring atopic eczema at age 12 months? ### Response:

This is the first study linking maternal serum concentrations of nicotinamide and related metabolites to the risk of atopic eczema in the offspring. The findings point to potentially modifiable maternal influences on this complex and highly prevalent condition.

### Instruction: Are health promotion lifestyle profile scores associatedwith obesity in high school students? ### Response:

Adolescence is an era of development when individuals start to implement their own features to life. According to this study adolescents do not perform health promoting lifestyles whether they are obese or not.

### Instruction: Is tPH1 A218 allele associated with suicidal behavior in Turkish population? ### Response:

Our results provide evidence that A allele of TPH1 A218C polymorphism may be associated with suicidal behavior in Turkish population.

### Instruction: Is improvement of islet graft function using liraglutide correlated with its anti-inflammatory properties? ### Response:

The beneficial effects of liraglutide on pancreatic islets appear to be linked to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. These findings indicated that analogues of glucagon-like peptide-1 could be used to improve graft survival.

### Instruction: Do late childhood interpersonal callousness and conduct problem trajectories interact to predict adult psychopathy? ### Response:

Findings highlight the importance of developing targeted interventions for boys exhibiting severe IC and CP in childhood, as they appear to be at high risk for developing adult psychopathic features.

### Instruction: Is production of hemolysin BL by Bacillus cereus group isolates of dairy origin associated with whole-genome phylogenetic clade? ### Response:

Our results demonstrate that production of diarrheal enterotoxin hemolysin BL is neither inclusive nor exclusive to B. cereus sensu stricto, and that phylogenetic classification of isolates may be better than taxonomic identification for assessment of B. cereus group isolates risk for causing a diarrheal foodborne disease.

### Instruction: Is high serum uric acid associated to poorly controlled blood pressure and higher arterial stiffness in hypertensive subjects? ### Response:

Based on our data, SUA seems to be associated with an inadequate BP control in subjects treated with antihypertensive drugs, and subjects with both uncontrolled BP and relatively high SUA levels have also an increased arterial stiffness that (per se) could be a cause of worse BP control under treatment.

### Instruction: Does ercc1 Deficiency promote Tumorigenesis and Increases Cisplatin Sensitivity in a Tp53 Context-Specific Manner? ### Response:

This study provides a solid rationale for the stratification of lung adenocarcinoma patients according to the functional ERCC1- and mutational TP53 status, where functionally ERCC1-incompetent patients could benefit from sequential cisplatin and etoposide chemotherapy. Mol Cancer Res; 14(11); 1110-23. ©2016 AACR.

### Instruction: Do [ Benzoquinone induce autophagy in HL60 cells and the role of reactive oxygen species in induced autophagy ]? ### Response:

1, 4-BQ can induce autophagy in HL60 cells, the induction of autophagy is at least partly resulted from ROS. Antioxidant can effectively suppress the occurrence of induced autophagy.

### Instruction: Does collagen cross-linking treatment increase adhesion in mock corneal grafts? ### Response:

The results of our study are consistent with our hypothesis that CXL treatment could be used to promote early adhesion between separate sections of corneal tissue.

### Instruction: Are botulinum toxin injections for chronic sialorrhoea in children effective regardless of the degree of neurological dysfunction : A single tertiary institution experience? ### Response:

Injection of BTX-A to the submandibular glands of children with neurological disorders is a safe procedure and results in a reduction in drooling in the majority of patients. Children with severe neurological dysfunction respond to BTX-A injections as effectively as their less impaired peers and the degree of response does not appear to be associated with the severity of neurological disability. BTX-A injection is a good initial procedure when drooling surgery is being considered.

### Instruction: Does the NAD ( + ) precursor nicotinamide riboside decrease exercise performance in rats? ### Response:

Our results do not confirm the previously reported ergogenic effect of nicotinamide riboside. The potentially negative effect of nicotinamide riboside administration on physical performance may be attributed to the pleiotropic metabolic and redox properties of NAD(+) and NADP(+).

### Instruction: Are full-length autonomous transposable elements preferentially targeted by expression-dependent forms of RNA-directed DNA methylation? ### Response:

Expression-dependent forms of RdDM function to critically target DNA methylation to full-length and transcriptionally active transposable elements, suggesting that these pathways are key to suppressing mobilization. This targeting specificity is initiated on the mRNA cleavage-level, yet manifested as chromatin-level silencing that in plants is epigenetically inherited from generation to generation.

### Instruction: Do hDAC 1 and 6 modulate cell invasion and migration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma? ### Response:

Taking together, these results suggest that HDAC1 and HDAC6 may play a role in ccRCC biology and could represent rational therapeutic targets.

### Instruction: Does auricular reconstruction using a novel three-flap technique improve the auriculocephalic angle? ### Response:

The three-flap technique not only improves the appearance of the reconstructed ear, but helps shape a perfect auriculocephalic angle.

### Instruction: Is patient satisfaction biased by renovations to the interior of a primary care office : a pretest-posttest assessment? ### Response:

Renovating the interior of a primary care office was associated with improved patient satisfaction, including satisfaction in domains otherwise unchanged. Physician skills and patient satisfaction sometimes depend on surrounding factors that may bias the ability of patients to assess the quality of medical care. These biases should be taken into account when quality assessment instruments are designed for patients.

### Instruction: Does tumor suppressor miRNA-204-5p promote apoptosis by targeting BCL2 in prostate cancer cells? ### Response:

Human miR-204-5p targets BCL2 in PCa cells. Restoration of miR-204-5p in PCa could therefore be considered as a novel strategy by targeting antiapoptotic BCL2.

### Instruction: Does bRCA1 reflect Myocardial Adverse Remodeling in Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy? ### Response:

IDCM adverse remodeling results in more intense but nonuniform BRCA1 expression. This phenomenon seems to reflect IDCM biology: lower BRCA1 expression in myocytes with lower anti-apoptotic and DNA damage repair activity, with the opposite in hypertrophied myofibers.

### Instruction: Does direct transfer of HRPII-magnetic bead complexes to malaria rapid diagnostic tests significantly improve test sensitivity? ### Response:

This approach has the sensitivity and simplicity required to assist in malaria elimination campaigns in settings with limited access to clinical and laboratory resources.

### Instruction: Does aminolevulinic Acid-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy cause Cell Death in MG-63 Human Osteosarcoma Cells? ### Response:

Collectively, our data indicate that ALA-PDT can result in the death of MG-64 human osteosarcoma cells in vitro.

### Instruction: Does overexpression of complement component C5a accelerate the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE-knockout mice? ### Response:

C5a overexpression could accelerate the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice by promoting macrophage recruitment, foam cell formation and inflammatory activation. Furthermore, its proatherogetic role is mediated by the C5a receptor.

### Instruction: Does the intervertebral disc contain intrinsic circadian clocks that are regulated by age and cytokines and linked to degeneration? ### Response:

We have established autonomous circadian clocks in mouse and human IVD cells which respond to age and cytokines, and control key pathways involved in the homeostasis of IVDs. Genetic disruption to the mouse IVD molecular clock predisposes to IVD degeneration. These results support the concept that disruptions to circadian rhythms may be a risk factor for degenerative IVD disease and low back pain.

### Instruction: Does wNT2 promote Cervical Carcinoma Metastasis and Induction of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition? ### Response:

WNT2 might be a novel predictor of PLNM and a promising prognostic indicator in cervical cancer.

### Instruction: Are fundus autofluorescence lifetimes increased in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy? ### Response:

Fundus Fluorescence lifetimes are significantly increased in NPDR while lens lifetimes are shorter in the patient group. Lifetime changes might be indicative for the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) which enables detection of the disease with high sensitivity and specificity possibly bearing diagnostic merit.

### Instruction: Do natriuretic peptide levels taken following unplanned admission to a cardiology department predict the duration of hospitalization? ### Response:

The results quantify the strong relationship between NP levels taken following an unplanned admission to a cardiology department and the duration of hospitalization. This information permits improved identification of a patient population likely to require a prolonged hospital stay and consume more healthcare resources. Such patients may require a more aggressive diagnostic, treatment, and management strategy.

### Instruction: Is hemorrhage the most common cause of neonatal mortality in patients with sacrococcygeal teratoma? ### Response:

Hemorrhagic mortality of neonates with SCT is relatively high (3.8%) representing almost 70% of the overall mortality in the neonatal period. High-output cardiac failure, internal tumor hemorrhage and perioperative bleeding were the most common causes of early death and were all strongly associated with larger tumor sizes.

### Instruction: Is microRNA-155 a critical regulator of type 2 innate lymphoid cells and IL-33 signaling in experimental models of allergic airway inflammation? ### Response:

Our findings for the first time demonstrate that ILC2s and IL-33 signaling are regulated by miR-155 in allergic airway inflammation.

### Instruction: Does extracellular vesicle-driven information mediate the long-term effects of particulate matter exposure on coagulation and inflammation pathways? ### Response:

The study's findings support the hypothesis that adverse cardiovascular and metabolic effects stemming from inhalation exposures in particular to PM metallic component may be mediated by EVmiRNAs that target key factors in the inflammation, coagulation and glucose homeostasis pathways.

### Instruction: Do a virtually 1H-free birdcage coil for zero echo time MRI without background signal? ### Response:

A virtually 1H-free birdcage coil is presented, thus enabling in vivo ZTE MRI practically free of background signal, even at high bandwidths. Magn Reson Med, 2016. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

### Instruction: Do alterations of the Lamina Cribrosa Are Associated with Peripapillary Retinoschisis in Glaucoma and Pachychoroid Spectrum Disease? ### Response:

Enhanced depth imaging OCT of the LC demonstrated alterations associated with peripapillary retinoschisis, pachychoroid spectrum diseases, and glaucoma.

### Instruction: Do identification of UQCRB as an oxymatrine recognizing protein using a T7 phage display screen? ### Response:

In this study, using the T7 phage display system, we have identified UQCRB as a direct binding protein of oxymatrine. Furthermore, the specificity and molecular interaction of oxymatrine with UQCRB were also determined. The binding of UQCRB to oxymatrine suggests that UQCRB is a potential target of oxymatrine in treating CHB. These results provide new understanding into the mechanism of oxymatrine and insights into the strategy on the treatment of CHB.

### Instruction: Are vitamin D deficiency and low ionized calcium linked with semen quality and sex steroid levels in infertile men? ### Response:

Infertile men with vitamin D deficiency had lower sperm motility, total numbers of motile sperm, Inhibin B, sex-hormone-binding-globulin (SHBG) and testosterone/estradiol ratio, but higher levels of free sex steroids, than infertile men with normal vitamin D levels.

### Instruction: Is drosophila glob1 required for the maintenance of cytoskeletal integrity during oogenesis? ### Response:

Our study establishes a novel role of glob1 in maintenance of F-actin-based cytoskeleton during progression of oogenesis in Drosophila. Developmental Dynamics 245:1048-1065, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

### Instruction: Does bile deficiency induce changes in intestinal glucose absorption in mice? ### Response:

Bile deficiency in the intestine upregulates the expression of intestinal mucosal SGLT1 and enhances intestinal mucosal glucose absorption capacity, which contributes to the understanding of intestinal physiologic function for patients with biliary duct obstruction and external biliary drainage.

### Instruction: Is ulcerative proctitis a frequent location of paediatric-onset UC and not a minor disease : a population-based study? ### Response:

UP is frequent in paediatric-onset UC and should not be considered as a minor disease. Compared with more extensive UC locations, risks for colonic extension, anti-TNF-α therapy and colectomy were similar in UP, whereas the risk for use of IM was lower.

### Instruction: Is frequent Surfing on Social Health Networks Associated With Increased Knowledge and Patient Health Activation? ### Response:

Web-based social health networks offer an opportunity to expand patient knowledge and increase involvement in personal health, thereby increasing patient activation. Further studies are needed to examine these changes on other aspects of chronic illnesses such as quality of life and costs.

### Instruction: Are women using bleach for home cleaning at increased risk of non-allergic asthma? ### Response:

Frequent use of bleach for home-cleaning is associated with non-allergic adult-onset asthma, elevated neutrophil counts and lower-airway symptoms in women.

### Instruction: Does thrombomodulin influence the Survival of Patients with Non-Metastatic Colorectal Cancer through Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition ( EMT )? ### Response:

Our study demonstrates that patients with non-metastatic CRC display low TM expression in their tumors and exhibit reduced DFS and OS. The enhanced expression of mesenchymal markers and COX-2 may be involved in the mechanisms that underlie recurrence in patients with cancer displaying low TM expression.