Althusser is commonly referred to as a structural Marxist, although his relationship to other schools of French structuralism is not a simple affiliation and he is critical of many aspects of structuralism.
Althusserist rääkides viidatakse tavaliselt strukturaalsele marksismile, kuigi tema suhe teistesse Prantsuse strukturalismi koolkondadesse ei ole lihtne ja ta on kriitiline paljude strukturalismi aspektide suhtes.