text
stringlengths 310
8.3k
| input_ids
sequencelengths 1.02k
1.02k
| length
int64 1.02k
1.02k
| source_domain
stringclasses 7
values | writing_style_average
float64 -3.46
3.36
| required_expertise_average
float64 -3.74
4.36
| facts_and_trivia_average
float64 -3.78
3.96
| educational_value_average
float64 -3.85
3.97
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gambling in the United States has always been a questionable topic when it comes to online casino USA. Its status is still unclear to many people. Are online casinos in the USA legal or not? This challenging question comes from the fact that each state is regulated by its unique laws, which are quite indefinite and are open to more than one interpretation.
Throughout the years, the position of online casinos in the US has gradually developed. For many years, there were no US friendly online casinos by accepted standards or rules. Unfortunately, offshore websites were another alternative to the people who wanted to play slots or poker. Extreme measures were taken in 2011 when the Black Friday incident occurred. All offshore websites were considered against the law; they were banned, and all the accounts were blocked.
Nowadays, online casinos are gaining popularity and are accepted throughout the country. First and foremost, online gambling is not restricted by any Federal law. However, players can be faced with other legislative limitations, which will be described later in the following article. Legal proceedings against players are hardly possible regardless the fact that the states have their legal system. Their main intention is to regulate operators, not individual bettors.
The good news is that the idea of US-friendly online casinos is getting more and more popular, no matter the rapid increase of land-based casinos in the country. The first big step was made in February 2013, when the state of New Jersey legalized online gambling. More and more states are expected to follow this tendency and regulations are getting modified. Eight other states are said to have bills in the pipeline. Until then, users based in the USA can easily find online casinos to play legally their favorite games.
Having emphasized on the fact that there are no prosecutions against players betting online, it is true that online casino websites in the USA are prohibited from accepting a sports bet online (referring to Federal Wire Act of 1961).
No sports event or contest betting are allowed via a wire communication. All 'games of chance' including casino games and poker were thought to be part of the list until 2011 when the Department of Justice modified this statement to only 'sporting event or contest'.
Another milestone for residents of US is the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006, which claims that bank and payment processors transactions related to online gambling are illegal. To clarify this, gamers are allowed to make transactions, but banks and other services cannot support withdrawals and deposits. Therefore, there is no problem to use online casinos in North America, but making transactions for them must be avoided.
Top names in the online gambling business like Full Tilt Poker and PokerStars continued to promote their online casino in the USA sites throughout the country until Black Friday, 2011. After this date, they were charged as illegal with criminal offenses of money laundering. This led to the cancellation of all users accounts. A considerable fee had to be paid to the US Department of Justice for the companies to get their names cleared out. Moreover, the sites had to compensate all users who suffered from the incident.
The most important outcome was the inevitable demolish of the online gambling reputation. The industry suffered from a huge break down in the minds of the residents of the US. Currently, the states are allowed to decide the legal status of online gambling on their own. The government gave a green light to each state to make its regulations and laws regarding the industry. Many state authorities took advantage of this freedom with Delaware, Nevada and New Jersey heading the list.
Nowadays, there is a tendency that the main center of interest is online poker, not online slot games on the web. This is why the highest percentage of bills introduced in the state legislative houses and most effort goes to making online poker legal. The focus of the officials is to pay bills within the states, so the idea of online casinos for the US seems more and more possible.
There is one obstacle, though. Making online casinos in America legal carries the risk that children can get involved in gaming. This is a possibility that needs serious consideration, and the officials have taken it into account.
Some of the states that are currently working to fulfill the idea of online casinos for the US are the state of Massachusetts and the state of Illinois. Still, online casinos in those states are not legal but many residents whose passion is online gambling, have devoted much time and effort to legalize online gambling in both states. | [
402,
1117,
1847,
297,
278,
3303,
3900,
756,
2337,
1063,
263,
1139,
519,
11261,
746,
372,
5304,
304,
7395,
3209,
1789,
8278,
29889,
8011,
4660,
338,
1603,
20871,
304,
1784,
2305,
29889,
4683,
7395,
3209,
8226,
297,
278,
8278,
11706,
470,
451,
29973,
910,
18066,
292,
1139,
5304,
515,
278,
2114,
393,
1269,
2106,
338,
1072,
7964,
491,
967,
5412,
14243,
29892,
607,
526,
3755,
297,
25476,
568,
322,
526,
1722,
304,
901,
1135,
697,
19854,
29889,
13,
29911,
1092,
820,
449,
278,
2440,
29892,
278,
2602,
310,
7395,
3209,
8226,
297,
278,
3148,
756,
22020,
8906,
29889,
1152,
1784,
2440,
29892,
727,
892,
694,
3148,
19780,
7395,
3209,
8226,
491,
9259,
20801,
470,
6865,
29889,
11511,
29892,
1283,
845,
487,
28007,
892,
1790,
8671,
304,
278,
2305,
1058,
5131,
304,
1708,
2243,
1862,
470,
11293,
261,
29889,
7338,
10291,
15366,
892,
4586,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29896,
746,
278,
6054,
28728,
15134,
10761,
29889,
2178,
1283,
845,
487,
28007,
892,
5545,
2750,
278,
4307,
29936,
896,
892,
289,
11310,
29892,
322,
599,
278,
15303,
892,
24370,
29889,
13,
10454,
328,
1036,
29892,
7395,
3209,
8226,
526,
11581,
292,
5972,
537,
322,
526,
9259,
10106,
278,
4234,
29889,
3824,
322,
363,
331,
520,
29892,
7395,
330,
1117,
1847,
338,
451,
22078,
491,
738,
14879,
4307,
29889,
2398,
29892,
10769,
508,
367,
20050,
411,
916,
13332,
1230,
27028,
29892,
607,
674,
367,
5439,
2678,
297,
278,
1494,
4274,
29889,
5682,
284,
8469,
886,
2750,
10769,
526,
15155,
1950,
17126,
278,
2114,
393,
278,
5922,
505,
1009,
11706,
1788,
29889,
11275,
1667,
16392,
338,
304,
1072,
5987,
12768,
29892,
451,
5375,
1010,
29873,
943,
29889,
13,
1576,
1781,
9763,
338,
393,
278,
2969,
310,
3148,
29899,
18326,
368,
7395,
3209,
8226,
338,
2805,
901,
322,
901,
5972,
29892,
694,
4383,
278,
10952,
7910,
310,
2982,
29899,
6707,
3209,
8226,
297,
278,
4234,
29889,
450,
937,
4802,
4331,
471,
1754,
297,
6339,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
29892,
746,
278,
2106,
310,
1570,
14500,
11706,
1891,
7395,
330,
1117,
1847,
29889,
5853,
322,
901,
5922,
526,
3806,
304,
1101,
445,
260,
5197,
322,
1072,
8250,
526,
2805,
9120,
29889,
382,
523,
916,
5922,
526,
1497,
304,
505,
289,
6090,
297,
278,
16439,
29889,
28609,
769,
29892,
4160,
2729,
297,
278,
8278,
508,
5948,
1284,
7395,
3209,
8226,
304,
1708,
2814,
635,
1009,
25448,
8090,
29889,
13,
29950,
5555,
19310,
1891,
373,
278,
2114,
393,
727,
526,
694,
410,
3471,
17925,
2750,
10769,
1010,
1259,
7395,
29892,
372,
338,
1565,
393,
7395,
3209,
1789,
28007,
297,
278,
8278,
526,
21460,
1573,
515,
25967,
263,
14717,
1010,
7395,
313,
20275,
5393,
304,
14879,
399,
533,
3185,
310,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29953,
29896,
467,
13,
3782,
14717,
1741,
470,
17793,
1010,
1259,
526,
6068,
3025,
263,
8014,
12084,
29889,
2178,
525,
29887,
1280,
310,
8825,
29915,
3704,
3209,
1789,
8090,
322,
11293,
261,
892,
2714,
304,
367,
760,
310,
278,
1051,
2745,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29896,
746,
278,
10317,
310,
17181,
9120,
445,
3229,
304,
871,
525,
29879,
637,
292,
1741,
470,
17793,
4286,
13,
2744,
1228,
2316,
27744,
363,
24060,
310,
3148,
338,
278,
853,
10653,
1319,
4685,
402,
1117,
1847,
1174,
1454,
13561,
3185,
310,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29953,
29892,
607,
16726,
393,
9124,
322,
19179,
1889,
943,
22160,
4475,
304,
7395,
330,
1117,
1847,
526,
27302,
29889,
1763,
15544,
445,
29892,
24988,
414,
526,
6068,
304,
1207,
22160,
29892,
541,
24388,
322,
916,
5786,
2609,
2304,
28679,
1338,
322,
19754,
1169,
29889,
7857,
29892,
727,
338,
694,
1108,
304,
671,
7395,
3209,
8226,
297,
4644,
6813,
29892,
541,
3907,
22160,
363,
963,
1818,
367,
28305,
29889,
13,
7031,
2983,
297,
278,
7395,
330,
1117,
1847,
5381,
763,
14846,
323,
2782,
349,
17933,
322,
349,
17933,
855,
1503,
7572,
304,
27391,
1009,
7395,
3209,
1789,
297,
278,
8278,
11840,
10106,
278,
4234,
2745,
6054,
28728,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29896,
29889,
2860,
445,
2635,
29892,
896,
892,
20139,
408,
27302,
411,
22161,
1283,
11259,
310,
6909,
425,
870,
3241,
29889,
910,
5331,
304,
278,
508,
22603,
310,
599,
4160,
15303,
29889,
319,
15620,
27684,
750,
304,
367,
12530,
304,
278,
3148,
10317,
310,
17181,
363,
278,
14582,
304,
679,
1009,
2983,
24639,
714,
29889,
12808,
29892,
278,
11840,
750,
304,
22874,
403,
599,
4160,
1058,
17654,
515,
278,
15134,
29889,
13,
1576,
1556,
4100,
21957,
471,
278,
297,
5750,
8270,
27745,
728,
310,
278,
7395,
330,
1117,
1847,
19821,
29889,
450,
13661,
17654,
515,
263,
12176,
2867,
1623,
297,
278,
27656,
310,
278,
24060,
310,
278,
3148,
29889,
15447,
29892,
278,
5922,
526,
6068,
304,
11097,
278,
11706,
4660,
310,
7395,
330,
1117,
1847,
373,
1009,
1914,
29889,
450,
5874,
4846,
263,
7933,
3578,
304,
1269,
2106,
304,
1207,
967,
1072,
8250,
322,
14243,
11211,
278,
13661,
29889,
9267,
2106,
21142,
3614,
10631,
310,
445,
16082,
411,
5556,
28327,
29892,
26572,
1114,
322,
1570,
14500,
28435,
278,
1051,
29889,
13,
10454,
328,
1036,
29892,
727,
338,
263,
260,
5197,
393,
278,
1667,
4818,
310,
4066,
338,
7395,
11293,
261,
29892,
451,
7395,
21497,
8090,
373,
278,
1856,
29889,
910,
338,
2020,
278,
9939,
19649,
310,
289,
6090,
9129,
297,
278,
2106,
13332,
1230,
12955,
322,
1556,
7225,
5771,
304,
3907,
7395,
11293,
261,
11706,
29889,
450,
8569,
310,
278,
24921,
338,
304,
5146,
289,
6090,
2629,
278,
5922,
29892,
577,
278,
2969,
310,
7395,
3209,
8226,
363,
278,
3148,
2444,
901,
322,
901,
1950,
29889,
13,
8439,
338,
697,
14979,
6436,
29892,
2466,
29889,
341,
5086,
7395,
3209,
8226,
297,
6813,
11706,
1559,
2722,
278,
12045,
393,
4344,
508,
679,
9701,
297,
330,
11500,
29889,
910,
338,
263,
13331,
393,
4225,
10676,
19220,
29892,
322,
278,
24921,
505,
4586,
372,
964,
3633,
29889,
13,
9526,
310,
278,
5922,
393,
526,
5279,
1985,
304,
6095,
5589,
278,
2969,
310,
7395,
3209,
8226,
363,
278,
3148,
526,
278,
2106,
310,
16167,
322,
278,
2106,
310,
17066,
29889,
12074,
29892,
7395,
3209,
8226,
297,
1906,
5922,
526,
451,
11706,
541,
1784,
24060,
5069,
15935,
338,
7395,
330,
1117,
1847,
29892,
505,
24600,
1568,
931,
322,
7225,
304,
11706,
675,
7395,
330,
1117,
1847,
297,
1716,
5922,
29889
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.060847 | -0.004548 | 0.612503 | -0.090059 |
Luckily, the state of Illinois can count on the assistance of Senator John Cullerton. He has already approved many bills and showed his support to realizing the project. He recognizes the potential of the industry, and according to his words, it will be extremely beneficial to the state government. Not only this but having in mind the strong urge for online casinos in the US, the senator of Illinois has given a serious consideration and put the idea as a priority.
The most recent news is that Senator John Cullerton and his colleagues are preparing a preliminary version of a bill on the legalization of online gambling within the state. More details regarding the subject are yet to be announced. Specialists are saying that this step will give operators the opportunity to obtain licenses from the state authorities. This will cost to companies approximately $20 million. Once fully licensed, they will be obliged to pay a yearly tax on their gross earning. After a five-year period in which the license will be valid, companies have to renew it paying a high tax once again.
As to the state of Massachusetts, same steps must be followed to make online gambling legal. The difference there will be the taxation and licensing rates. Latest reports have it that a 20 percent on their entire revenue of game providers will be obtained as well as $150,000 to renew their license which will again be valid for five years.
If you are currently located in New Jersey, bear in mind that playing at casino websites is possible only if you are over 21 years. However, there are sites that accept residents aged 18 and above but be aware that they are offshore and are not under US jurisdiction. So, a good piece of advice is to get familiar with the local state laws for age restrictions.
The list of online casinos for US players goes long. Still, many of them are based offshore, and the players' funds or withdrawals are not protected or regulated by any US law. This makes it important to choose a website with a reputable name in the business. Make sure it is well-known, a trustworthy casino that has a long and clear background, valid license and solid reputation.
Making a registration is often quite easy and can be done with few clicks, requiring personal details such as name and address. The only obstacle that you might face is making deposits to your accounts because residents of the US can choose between fewer options than those in most other countries.
The easiest and most convenient way is to use a credit card. Visa, Mastercard or AMEX are accepted in some of the best casinos out there like Uptown Aces, Slotocash and Silver Oak Casino, which we highly recommend. If a credit card is not an option for you, then take advantage of Western Union and Moneygram as other alternatives. Regarding withdrawing money, there is no doubt that using bank wire or check is most effortless.
The legislative transformation in the USA is happening at a fast rate, so be sure that you are up-to-speed with the latest news in your home state since this article will cover the status of online betting in the USA at the time of writing.
Currently, all eyes are on New Jersey since its case sets a precedent for other states involving the same question of law. The Governor Chris Christie claims that their groundbreaking steps will lead to $1bn in revenue and 17% taxation. This estimation is yet to be approved, and it is a matter of time that other states will follow Christie`s footsteps. Not only that, but it is suggested that by the end of 2020 most states will accept USA friendly online casinos. An exception is the state of Washington, where online gambling is completely prohibited. This makes it highly important that you verify the laws in your neighborhood before playing.
Playing online slot games is becoming more and more famous among gamers in the US. However, there are states which have not legalized them yet. For example, users can enjoy legal poker in Nevada and Delaware, but playing real money casino games is not possible.
The good news is that free slot games are easy to find as there is a great variety of networks on offer. Not only that, users can take the opportunity and play them in the palm of their hands, using their mobile devices.
If you are interested in slot games, then you may find it intriguing to know that this year, Slotocash Casino has been granted with the award for the best slots site. Its leading position was earned by a wide margin. This is no surprise, as they offer the safest, fun, and exciting gameplay.
| [
13,
29931,
2707,
2354,
29892,
278,
2106,
310,
17066,
508,
2302,
373,
278,
18872,
310,
27623,
2259,
315,
913,
28634,
29889,
940,
756,
2307,
23454,
1784,
289,
6090,
322,
10018,
670,
2304,
304,
1855,
5281,
278,
2060,
29889,
940,
5936,
7093,
278,
7037,
310,
278,
13661,
29892,
322,
5034,
304,
670,
3838,
29892,
372,
674,
367,
14154,
7795,
5611,
304,
278,
2106,
5874,
29889,
2216,
871,
445,
541,
2534,
297,
3458,
278,
4549,
5065,
479,
363,
7395,
3209,
8226,
297,
278,
3148,
29892,
278,
6940,
1061,
310,
17066,
756,
2183,
263,
10676,
19220,
322,
1925,
278,
2969,
408,
263,
20136,
29889,
13,
1576,
1556,
7786,
9763,
338,
393,
27623,
2259,
315,
913,
28634,
322,
670,
23056,
21628,
526,
10223,
292,
263,
758,
2576,
3821,
1873,
310,
263,
11118,
373,
278,
11706,
2133,
310,
7395,
330,
1117,
1847,
2629,
278,
2106,
29889,
5853,
4902,
11211,
278,
4967,
526,
3447,
304,
367,
9326,
29889,
12630,
2879,
526,
5934,
393,
445,
4331,
674,
2367,
12768,
278,
15130,
304,
4017,
7794,
11259,
515,
278,
2106,
21142,
29889,
910,
674,
3438,
304,
14582,
14235,
395,
29906,
29900,
7284,
29889,
9038,
8072,
7794,
21144,
29892,
896,
674,
367,
24474,
304,
5146,
263,
1629,
368,
8818,
373,
1009,
22683,
2326,
1076,
29889,
2860,
263,
5320,
29899,
6360,
3785,
297,
607,
278,
19405,
674,
367,
2854,
29892,
14582,
505,
304,
23011,
372,
5146,
292,
263,
1880,
8818,
2748,
1449,
29889,
13,
2887,
304,
278,
2106,
310,
16167,
29892,
1021,
6576,
1818,
367,
5643,
304,
1207,
7395,
330,
1117,
1847,
11706,
29889,
450,
4328,
727,
674,
367,
278,
8818,
362,
322,
7794,
575,
292,
19257,
29889,
7053,
342,
13676,
505,
372,
393,
263,
29871,
29906,
29900,
10151,
373,
1009,
4152,
337,
9947,
310,
3748,
1326,
11376,
674,
367,
7625,
408,
1532,
408,
395,
29896,
29945,
29900,
29892,
29900,
29900,
29900,
304,
23011,
1009,
19405,
607,
674,
1449,
367,
2854,
363,
5320,
2440,
29889,
13,
3644,
366,
526,
5279,
5982,
297,
1570,
14500,
29892,
11460,
297,
3458,
393,
8743,
472,
3209,
1789,
28007,
338,
1950,
871,
565,
366,
526,
975,
29871,
29906,
29896,
2440,
29889,
2398,
29892,
727,
526,
11840,
393,
3544,
24060,
26552,
29871,
29896,
29947,
322,
2038,
541,
367,
9543,
393,
896,
526,
1283,
845,
487,
322,
526,
451,
1090,
3148,
24894,
29467,
29889,
1105,
29892,
263,
1781,
8424,
310,
9848,
338,
304,
679,
9985,
411,
278,
1887,
2106,
14243,
363,
5046,
25091,
29889,
13,
1576,
1051,
310,
7395,
3209,
8226,
363,
3148,
10769,
5771,
1472,
29889,
12074,
29892,
1784,
310,
963,
526,
2729,
1283,
845,
487,
29892,
322,
278,
10769,
29915,
29199,
470,
28679,
1338,
526,
451,
6364,
470,
1072,
7964,
491,
738,
3148,
4307,
29889,
910,
3732,
372,
4100,
304,
6755,
263,
4700,
411,
263,
337,
649,
519,
1024,
297,
278,
5381,
29889,
8561,
1854,
372,
338,
1532,
29899,
5203,
29892,
263,
9311,
12554,
29891,
3209,
1789,
393,
756,
263,
1472,
322,
2821,
3239,
29892,
2854,
19405,
322,
7773,
19821,
29889,
13,
29924,
5086,
263,
22583,
338,
4049,
3755,
4780,
322,
508,
367,
2309,
411,
2846,
19367,
29892,
26795,
7333,
4902,
1316,
408,
1024,
322,
3211,
29889,
450,
871,
14979,
6436,
393,
366,
1795,
3700,
338,
3907,
19754,
1169,
304,
596,
15303,
1363,
24060,
310,
278,
3148,
508,
6755,
1546,
28145,
3987,
1135,
1906,
297,
1556,
916,
10916,
29889,
13,
1576,
19075,
322,
1556,
19192,
982,
338,
304,
671,
263,
16200,
5881,
29889,
5741,
29874,
29892,
9082,
7543,
470,
319,
2303,
29990,
526,
9259,
297,
777,
310,
278,
1900,
3209,
8226,
714,
727,
763,
501,
415,
776,
319,
778,
29892,
317,
8276,
542,
1161,
322,
16466,
24132,
6960,
1789,
29892,
607,
591,
10712,
6907,
29889,
960,
263,
16200,
5881,
338,
451,
385,
2984,
363,
366,
29892,
769,
2125,
10631,
310,
10504,
7761,
322,
341,
4992,
1393,
408,
916,
27809,
29889,
29499,
28679,
292,
6909,
29892,
727,
338,
694,
7404,
393,
773,
9124,
8014,
470,
1423,
338,
1556,
7225,
2222,
29889,
13,
1576,
13332,
1230,
13852,
297,
278,
8278,
338,
10464,
472,
263,
5172,
6554,
29892,
577,
367,
1854,
393,
366,
526,
701,
29899,
517,
29899,
19322,
411,
278,
9281,
9763,
297,
596,
3271,
2106,
1951,
445,
4274,
674,
4612,
278,
4660,
310,
7395,
1010,
1259,
297,
278,
8278,
472,
278,
931,
310,
5007,
29889,
13,
7583,
368,
29892,
599,
5076,
526,
373,
1570,
14500,
1951,
967,
1206,
6166,
263,
9399,
296,
363,
916,
5922,
21677,
278,
1021,
1139,
310,
4307,
29889,
450,
15431,
12821,
2819,
347,
16726,
393,
1009,
5962,
1030,
5086,
6576,
674,
3275,
304,
395,
29896,
11197,
297,
337,
9947,
322,
29871,
29896,
29955,
29995,
8818,
362,
29889,
910,
23248,
338,
3447,
304,
367,
23454,
29892,
322,
372,
338,
263,
4383,
310,
931,
393,
916,
5922,
674,
1101,
2819,
347,
29952,
29879,
3661,
24530,
29889,
2216,
871,
393,
29892,
541,
372,
338,
7829,
393,
491,
278,
1095,
310,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29900,
1556,
5922,
674,
3544,
8278,
19780,
7395,
3209,
8226,
29889,
530,
3682,
338,
278,
2106,
310,
7660,
29892,
988,
7395,
330,
1117,
1847,
338,
6446,
21460,
1573,
29889,
910,
3732,
372,
10712,
4100,
393,
366,
11539,
278,
14243,
297,
596,
18403,
1434,
8743,
29889,
13,
13454,
292,
7395,
21497,
8090,
338,
14171,
901,
322,
901,
13834,
4249,
24988,
414,
297,
278,
3148,
29889,
2398,
29892,
727,
526,
5922,
607,
505,
451,
11706,
1891,
963,
3447,
29889,
1152,
1342,
29892,
4160,
508,
13389,
11706,
11293,
261,
297,
26572,
1114,
322,
5556,
28327,
29892,
541,
8743,
1855,
6909,
3209,
1789,
8090,
338,
451,
1950,
29889,
13,
1576,
1781,
9763,
338,
393,
3889,
21497,
8090,
526,
4780,
304,
1284,
408,
727,
338,
263,
2107,
12875,
310,
14379,
373,
5957,
29889,
2216,
871,
393,
29892,
4160,
508,
2125,
278,
15130,
322,
1708,
963,
297,
278,
5112,
29885,
310,
1009,
6567,
29892,
773,
1009,
10426,
9224,
29889,
13,
3644,
366,
526,
8852,
297,
21497,
8090,
29892,
769,
366,
1122,
1284,
372,
11158,
5526,
292,
304,
1073,
393,
445,
1629,
29892,
317,
8276,
542,
1161,
6960,
1789,
756,
1063,
16896,
411,
278,
9862,
363,
278,
1900,
2243,
1862,
3268,
29889,
8011,
8236,
2602,
471,
20591,
491,
263,
9377,
5906,
29889,
910,
338,
694,
16671,
29892,
408,
896,
5957,
278,
9437,
342,
29892,
2090,
29892,
322,
5566,
11407,
3748,
1456,
29889,
13
] | 1,024 | C4 | 0.19774 | -0.528528 | 0.327381 | -0.172276 |
How do you respond to this statement? I support a complete ban on all corporate and union donations to provincial political parties permitting instead only a maximum personal contribution limited to $1,000.
Would you be willing to permit the government elected May 2013 to increase government deficit by $2 billion per year or 5% of annual BC revenues over the subsequent 4 years in order to accommodate the increasing interest payments on debt following the BC Liberal government; and to ensure at least an equivalent amount of spending for health, education and other necessary spending over that same period of time?
Currently, big oil and gas, and other major industries are subsidized by British Columbians' to the tune of over $1 billion per year. In your opinion should all corporate subsidies in the BC provincial budget be terminated?
Should annual ICBC profits be returned to insurance premium holders each year?
Should tax payer revenue allocated to K-12 education be provided on a basis of 50 cents per dollar per student to private, independent and religious schools?
Did you follow the news results of the BC Liberal convention in Whistler over the last weekend in October?
BC Liberal leader Christy has been assessed by a consensus of pollsters including ROBBINS Sce Research (1998) as not being popular among women in the Province. Which of the following response choices best explains why this is?
How do you rate Prime Minister Stephen Harper�s performance?
The BC New Democrats continue to lead the BC Liberals based on decided voters from 2009 ROBBINS lists by (17.5%). Adrian Dix and his BC NDP Team maintain this lead in the midst of new low Undecided numbers � (around (5%) after factoring out �other� from 2009), with a provincial general election scheduled for May 2013. BC Voters have all but made their mind up/and early � and most intend to vote in the BC NDP. All that remains is to decide the extent of the BC NDP majority-tall, grande or venti.
The BC NDP totals reflect an �Obama- like� total among gender with (55.5%) women and (44%) men supporting the party.
If there is good news for BC Liberals, it is the fact that that is no doubt that they have pulled away in public support from the BC Conservatives in two consecutive major ROBBINS surveys, and are no longer staring down at the abyss of political decimation.
The BC Liberals now hold a (9.5%) lead over the BC Conservatives who squandered their opportunity at Opposition with internal squabbling through September and October 2012. Despite this John Cummins and Co., the current BC Conservative support is solidifying and so is the centre right vote split in BC politics.
Jane Sterk and BC Greens continue to attract support (30%) higher than their 2009 provincial election totals. Of the approximately 100 respondents who support the BC Greens in this ROBBINS survey there is evidence that (7%) of them supported the BC Liberals in the 2009 general provincial election.
The BC New Democrats attract only (� of 1 per cent overall general support) from BC Greens 2009. The BC NDP have attracted (8.5%) of their party�s current support from former BC Liberals (2009), of which (61%) are women voters.
Based on this ROBBINS survey information alone, if EVERY current BC Conservative respondent in this ROBBINS survey who supported BC Liberals in the 2009 election (15% approximately) in 2009, switched back to the BC Liberals on election night, the BC New Democrats would still easily win a majority government.
The problems for the BC Liberals begin with the fact that BC voters believe they have been in office too long. British Columbians are �sick� of them. Another factor � linked to the first- is that the BC Liberals have become, or are perceived by the public to be - corrupt or at least dishonest, shifty and/or shady and devoid of any new ideas or vision for the province. The party is perceived by the public as a beaten and tired lot, despite erstwhile attempts at renewal and recent cheerleading events at their annual convention at Whistler, ignored by attention given to a significant earthquake off the coast of | [
1128,
437,
366,
10049,
304,
445,
3229,
29973,
306,
2304,
263,
4866,
9892,
373,
599,
17266,
403,
322,
9833,
1016,
800,
304,
25750,
8604,
13973,
3635,
5367,
2012,
871,
263,
7472,
7333,
11896,
9078,
304,
395,
29896,
29892,
29900,
29900,
29900,
29889,
13,
29956,
483,
366,
367,
17762,
304,
14257,
278,
5874,
11467,
2610,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
304,
7910,
5874,
822,
293,
277,
491,
395,
29906,
24464,
639,
1629,
470,
29871,
29945,
29995,
310,
17568,
17403,
20957,
1041,
975,
278,
15352,
29871,
29946,
2440,
297,
1797,
304,
24803,
403,
278,
10231,
4066,
5146,
1860,
373,
2553,
29873,
1494,
278,
17403,
25910,
5874,
29936,
322,
304,
9801,
472,
3203,
385,
7126,
5253,
310,
805,
2548,
363,
9045,
29892,
9793,
322,
916,
5181,
805,
2548,
975,
393,
1021,
3785,
310,
931,
29973,
13,
7583,
368,
29892,
4802,
17182,
322,
10489,
29892,
322,
916,
4655,
6397,
2722,
526,
11684,
333,
1891,
491,
4908,
11990,
5834,
29915,
304,
278,
260,
1540,
310,
975,
395,
29896,
24464,
639,
1629,
29889,
512,
596,
9426,
881,
599,
17266,
403,
11684,
333,
583,
297,
278,
17403,
25750,
23562,
367,
29185,
29973,
13,
26857,
17568,
18340,
5371,
2600,
1169,
367,
4133,
304,
1663,
18541,
5188,
1974,
4808,
414,
1269,
1629,
29973,
13,
26857,
8818,
282,
2747,
337,
9947,
19591,
304,
476,
29899,
29896,
29906,
9793,
367,
4944,
373,
263,
8405,
310,
29871,
29945,
29900,
274,
1237,
639,
11232,
279,
639,
8368,
304,
2024,
29892,
7417,
322,
12962,
12462,
29973,
13,
9260,
366,
1101,
278,
9763,
2582,
310,
278,
17403,
25910,
15687,
297,
806,
391,
1358,
975,
278,
1833,
4723,
355,
297,
5533,
29973,
13,
5371,
25910,
11822,
2819,
29891,
756,
1063,
1223,
11517,
491,
263,
1136,
8841,
310,
1248,
20155,
414,
3704,
16641,
14388,
1177,
29903,
317,
346,
10550,
313,
29896,
29929,
29929,
29947,
29897,
408,
451,
1641,
5972,
4249,
5866,
297,
278,
17325,
29889,
8449,
310,
278,
1494,
2933,
19995,
1900,
18568,
2020,
445,
338,
29973,
13,
5328,
437,
366,
6554,
15512,
7668,
14317,
3536,
546,
30140,
29879,
4180,
29973,
13,
1576,
17403,
1570,
14189,
1446,
6773,
304,
3275,
278,
17403,
10895,
1338,
2729,
373,
8459,
9014,
414,
515,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29929,
16641,
14388,
1177,
29903,
8857,
491,
313,
29896,
29955,
29889,
29945,
28003,
2087,
6392,
360,
861,
322,
670,
17403,
405,
11191,
8583,
7344,
445,
3275,
297,
278,
29214,
310,
716,
4482,
14211,
687,
2618,
3694,
29871,
30140,
313,
11316,
313,
29945,
10997,
1156,
7329,
292,
714,
29871,
30140,
1228,
30140,
515,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29929,
511,
411,
263,
25750,
2498,
8271,
21467,
363,
2610,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
29889,
17403,
478,
327,
414,
505,
599,
541,
1754,
1009,
3458,
701,
29914,
392,
4688,
29871,
30140,
322,
1556,
24042,
304,
11719,
297,
278,
17403,
405,
11191,
29889,
2178,
393,
9242,
338,
304,
11097,
278,
15834,
310,
278,
17403,
405,
11191,
13638,
29899,
29873,
497,
29892,
6815,
470,
325,
7268,
29889,
13,
1576,
17403,
405,
11191,
2025,
1338,
9432,
385,
29871,
30140,
6039,
3304,
29899,
763,
30140,
3001,
4249,
23346,
411,
313,
29945,
29945,
29889,
29945,
10997,
5866,
322,
313,
29946,
29946,
10997,
1757,
20382,
278,
6263,
29889,
13,
3644,
727,
338,
1781,
9763,
363,
17403,
10895,
1338,
29892,
372,
338,
278,
2114,
393,
393,
338,
694,
7404,
393,
896,
505,
20043,
3448,
297,
970,
2304,
515,
278,
17403,
15312,
5056,
297,
1023,
18942,
4655,
16641,
14388,
1177,
29903,
26946,
952,
29892,
322,
526,
694,
5520,
380,
4362,
1623,
472,
278,
24475,
893,
310,
8604,
1602,
7715,
29889,
13,
1576,
17403,
10895,
1338,
1286,
4808,
263,
313,
29929,
29889,
29945,
10997,
3275,
975,
278,
17403,
15312,
5056,
1058,
10674,
3825,
287,
1009,
15130,
472,
438,
407,
4490,
411,
7463,
10674,
8846,
1847,
1549,
3839,
322,
5533,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29906,
29889,
19454,
445,
2259,
315,
23824,
1144,
322,
3189,
1696,
278,
1857,
17403,
15312,
1230,
2304,
338,
7773,
9215,
322,
577,
338,
278,
8442,
1492,
11719,
6219,
297,
17403,
22661,
29889,
13,
29967,
1662,
28588,
29895,
322,
17403,
4122,
575,
6773,
304,
13978,
2304,
313,
29941,
29900,
10997,
6133,
1135,
1009,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29929,
25750,
8271,
2025,
1338,
29889,
4587,
278,
14235,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
10049,
1237,
1058,
2304,
278,
17403,
4122,
575,
297,
445,
16641,
14388,
1177,
29903,
18994,
727,
338,
10757,
393,
313,
29955,
10997,
310,
963,
6969,
278,
17403,
10895,
1338,
297,
278,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29929,
2498,
25750,
8271,
29889,
13,
1576,
17403,
1570,
14189,
1446,
13978,
871,
313,
30140,
310,
29871,
29896,
639,
1644,
12463,
2498,
2304,
29897,
515,
17403,
4122,
575,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29929,
29889,
450,
17403,
405,
11191,
505,
13978,
287,
313,
29947,
29889,
29945,
10997,
310,
1009,
6263,
30140,
29879,
1857,
2304,
515,
4642,
17403,
10895,
1338,
313,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29929,
511,
310,
607,
313,
29953,
29896,
10997,
526,
5866,
9014,
414,
29889,
13,
29933,
1463,
373,
445,
16641,
14388,
1177,
29903,
18994,
2472,
7432,
29892,
565,
382,
5348,
29979,
1857,
17403,
15312,
1230,
10049,
296,
297,
445,
16641,
14388,
1177,
29903,
18994,
1058,
6969,
17403,
10895,
1338,
297,
278,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29929,
8271,
313,
29896,
29945,
29995,
14235,
29897,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29929,
29892,
26263,
1250,
304,
278,
17403,
10895,
1338,
373,
8271,
4646,
29892,
278,
17403,
1570,
14189,
1446,
723,
1603,
5948,
5401,
263,
13638,
5874,
29889,
13,
1576,
4828,
363,
278,
17403,
10895,
1338,
3380,
411,
278,
2114,
393,
17403,
9014,
414,
4658,
896,
505,
1063,
297,
8034,
2086,
1472,
29889,
4908,
11990,
5834,
526,
29871,
30140,
29879,
860,
30140,
310,
963,
29889,
7280,
7329,
29871,
30140,
9024,
304,
278,
937,
29899,
338,
393,
278,
17403,
10895,
1338,
505,
4953,
29892,
470,
526,
17189,
2347,
491,
278,
970,
304,
367,
448,
1034,
6685,
470,
472,
3203,
270,
728,
265,
342,
29892,
528,
361,
1017,
322,
29914,
272,
528,
3714,
322,
316,
5405,
310,
738,
716,
7014,
470,
18551,
363,
278,
12291,
29889,
450,
6263,
338,
17189,
2347,
491,
278,
970,
408,
263,
367,
2579,
322,
23407,
3287,
29892,
15020,
9284,
8000,
14734,
472,
23011,
284,
322,
7786,
22794,
25369,
4959,
472,
1009,
17568,
15687,
472,
806,
391,
1358,
29892,
17262,
491,
8570,
2183,
304,
263,
7282,
8437,
339,
1296,
1283,
278,
12180,
310
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.231555 | -0.095393 | 0.422422 | -0.139943 |
the province, hurricane Sandy in the northeastern United States, and the incredible contest for US President. The advantage for the BC Liberals is that despite their laundry list of problems they are still seen as more credible than their cousins in the BC Conservative party.
The HST broke the BC Liberal �back� � while other matters including the awakening of British Columbians to the fact that the BC Judicial system (the other half of the law making) was not what they believed (or hoped) it to be (BC Rail � Vasi Birk), and more recently the fact that current BC Liberal leader and unelected premier Christy Clark � who simply hasn�t worked out as a leader, produces a circumstance pre election where the best case scenario for the BC Liberals � makes them � a distant- Opposition in May 2013 confronting an NDP majority.
One in five respondents blames Christy Clark�s unpopularity on her party, while barely (16%) of all 2009 BC Voters �believe Christy Clark is a good leader for the province.� Nearly (63%) of �Decided� 2009 British Columbians are of the opinion that: �Christy Clark isn�t trustworthy� or �Christy Clark isn�t competent to lead�. (61.5%) of respondents who support John Cummins and BC Conservatives in question 1, selected one of these two response options, while the remainder blamed the BC Liberal party and (1 only) BC Conservative supporter was Undecided. Based on these numbers � I would estimate that if Christy Clark takes from the BC Conservative party � the upside amount is 1-3%.
(64%) of respondents who said �Christy Clark isn�t trustworthy� are women, while (61%) of respondents who said �Christy Clark isn�t competent to lead� are men. Apparently there is a divide between genders as to whether or not BC Premier Christy Clark is more �untrustworthy� or more �incompetent�.
One woman respondent stated clearly that she thought �Campbell was dishonest and �she�s (Christy Clark) is no better. Another woman said � �The HST made me angry � Christy Clark said she would get rid of it and I still see the tax on things that there wasn�t tax on before.� Christy Clark inherited the �plethoric pool� of female dislike of Gordon Campbell � like the transfer of a wart from one persons finger to another � and then diligently developed her own pool of women who really don�t care for her.
Electoral finance reform should become an issue during the upcoming provincial election. British Columbians have become �anti corporation� over the past years, and feel that corporate money has taken over the political system (judicial system too). The BC NDP have challenged the BC Liberals to become reformers on electoral finance. British Columbians are also dead set against subsidies to any enterprise whether it is oil and gas or the film industry � a line in the sand has been drawn and voters are tired of being made afraid by politicians speaking on behalf of industries that want special treatment.
Our question 3 involves the fact that short term debt instruments are coming due over the next few years attract interest payments in the neighbourhood of 5-6%. These interest payments take money from major spending like health care and education, and according to this survey a clear majority of British Columbians are willing to permit the BC NDP to increase deficits over the coming years to ensure that programs are available.
Voters CLEARLY believe they have absorbed the austerity hit and don�t believe that the provincial government has done its share to do the same. A common complaint among respondents in ALL of our polls conducted in British Columbia is the perceived entitlement of elected officials, bureaucrats and otherwise entitled � while the middle class and poverty class takes it on the chin. On this � there is much common ground among both BC NDP and BC Conservative supporters.
A significant majority of British Columbians want ICBC to give back profits to premium holders. The question of ICBC profits has potential to be a major issue during the next election.
Much of the current voter angst in British Columbia is clearly against the BC Liberal Party � but there is a plenty of protest | [
278,
12291,
29892,
298,
1038,
26655,
8564,
29891,
297,
278,
302,
441,
354,
11530,
3303,
3900,
29892,
322,
278,
29811,
1821,
17793,
363,
3148,
7178,
29889,
450,
10631,
363,
278,
17403,
10895,
1338,
338,
393,
15020,
1009,
425,
870,
719,
1051,
310,
4828,
896,
526,
1603,
3595,
408,
901,
6625,
1821,
1135,
1009,
274,
681,
1144,
297,
278,
17403,
15312,
1230,
6263,
29889,
13,
1576,
379,
1254,
14455,
278,
17403,
25910,
29871,
30140,
1627,
30140,
29871,
30140,
1550,
916,
13750,
3704,
278,
3773,
557,
8333,
310,
4908,
11990,
5834,
304,
278,
2114,
393,
278,
17403,
8660,
5611,
1788,
313,
1552,
916,
4203,
310,
278,
4307,
3907,
29897,
471,
451,
825,
896,
13112,
313,
272,
24936,
29897,
372,
304,
367,
313,
5371,
9620,
29871,
30140,
478,
6840,
350,
6793,
511,
322,
901,
10325,
278,
2114,
393,
1857,
17403,
25910,
11822,
322,
1597,
781,
287,
7017,
2819,
29891,
17129,
29871,
30140,
1058,
3763,
22602,
30140,
29873,
3796,
714,
408,
263,
11822,
29892,
13880,
263,
11708,
749,
758,
8271,
988,
278,
1900,
1206,
10483,
363,
278,
17403,
10895,
1338,
29871,
30140,
3732,
963,
29871,
30140,
263,
21188,
29899,
438,
407,
4490,
297,
2610,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
21751,
292,
385,
405,
11191,
13638,
29889,
13,
6716,
297,
5320,
10049,
1237,
1999,
1280,
2819,
29891,
17129,
30140,
29879,
443,
7323,
1070,
537,
373,
902,
6263,
29892,
1550,
16079,
368,
313,
29896,
29953,
10997,
310,
599,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29929,
17403,
478,
327,
414,
29871,
30140,
6596,
2418,
2819,
29891,
17129,
338,
263,
1781,
11822,
363,
278,
12291,
29889,
30140,
26206,
368,
313,
29953,
29941,
10997,
310,
29871,
30140,
6185,
2618,
30140,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29929,
4908,
11990,
5834,
526,
310,
278,
9426,
393,
29901,
29871,
30140,
18687,
29891,
17129,
3508,
30140,
29873,
9311,
12554,
29891,
30140,
470,
29871,
30140,
18687,
29891,
17129,
3508,
30140,
29873,
5100,
296,
304,
3275,
30140,
29889,
313,
29953,
29896,
29889,
29945,
10997,
310,
10049,
1237,
1058,
2304,
2259,
315,
23824,
1144,
322,
17403,
15312,
5056,
297,
1139,
29871,
29896,
29892,
4629,
697,
310,
1438,
1023,
2933,
3987,
29892,
1550,
278,
21162,
1999,
2795,
278,
17403,
25910,
6263,
322,
313,
29896,
871,
29897,
17403,
15312,
1230,
1462,
9555,
471,
14211,
687,
2618,
29889,
16564,
373,
1438,
3694,
29871,
30140,
306,
723,
12678,
393,
565,
2819,
29891,
17129,
4893,
515,
278,
17403,
15312,
1230,
6263,
29871,
30140,
278,
24081,
680,
5253,
338,
29871,
29896,
29899,
29941,
15543,
13,
29898,
29953,
29946,
10997,
310,
10049,
1237,
1058,
1497,
29871,
30140,
18687,
29891,
17129,
3508,
30140,
29873,
9311,
12554,
29891,
30140,
526,
5866,
29892,
1550,
313,
29953,
29896,
10997,
310,
10049,
1237,
1058,
1497,
29871,
30140,
18687,
29891,
17129,
3508,
30140,
29873,
5100,
296,
304,
3275,
30140,
526,
1757,
29889,
27466,
2705,
727,
338,
263,
16429,
1546,
330,
21043,
408,
304,
3692,
470,
451,
17403,
14163,
2819,
29891,
17129,
338,
901,
29871,
30140,
348,
509,
504,
12554,
29891,
30140,
470,
901,
29871,
30140,
262,
2388,
300,
296,
30140,
29889,
13,
6716,
6114,
10049,
296,
8703,
9436,
393,
1183,
2714,
29871,
30140,
29907,
1160,
12562,
471,
270,
728,
265,
342,
322,
29871,
30140,
11360,
30140,
29879,
313,
18687,
29891,
17129,
29897,
338,
694,
2253,
29889,
7280,
6114,
1497,
29871,
30140,
29871,
30140,
1576,
379,
1254,
1754,
592,
26230,
29871,
30140,
2819,
29891,
17129,
1497,
1183,
723,
679,
8177,
310,
372,
322,
306,
1603,
1074,
278,
8818,
373,
2712,
393,
727,
9007,
30140,
29873,
8818,
373,
1434,
29889,
30140,
2819,
29891,
17129,
23878,
278,
29871,
30140,
552,
386,
272,
293,
11565,
30140,
310,
12944,
766,
4561,
310,
16965,
22163,
29871,
30140,
763,
278,
6782,
310,
263,
281,
442,
515,
697,
12407,
19917,
304,
1790,
29871,
30140,
322,
769,
21749,
335,
2705,
8906,
902,
1914,
11565,
310,
5866,
1058,
2289,
1016,
30140,
29873,
2562,
363,
902,
29889,
13,
29923,
781,
11251,
1436,
749,
11736,
881,
4953,
385,
2228,
2645,
278,
701,
11506,
25750,
8271,
29889,
4908,
11990,
5834,
505,
4953,
29871,
30140,
3656,
17266,
362,
30140,
975,
278,
4940,
2440,
29892,
322,
4459,
393,
17266,
403,
6909,
756,
4586,
975,
278,
8604,
1788,
313,
17675,
5611,
1788,
2086,
467,
450,
17403,
405,
11191,
505,
18066,
287,
278,
17403,
10895,
1338,
304,
4953,
11736,
414,
373,
3546,
11251,
1436,
749,
29889,
4908,
11990,
5834,
526,
884,
7123,
731,
2750,
11684,
333,
583,
304,
738,
3896,
7734,
3692,
372,
338,
17182,
322,
10489,
470,
278,
2706,
13661,
29871,
30140,
263,
1196,
297,
278,
11982,
756,
1063,
12061,
322,
9014,
414,
526,
23407,
310,
1641,
1754,
13421,
491,
2832,
14722,
13590,
373,
2306,
3131,
310,
6397,
2722,
393,
864,
4266,
14502,
29889,
13,
29949,
332,
1139,
29871,
29941,
20789,
278,
2114,
393,
3273,
1840,
2553,
29873,
23643,
526,
6421,
2861,
975,
278,
2446,
2846,
2440,
13978,
4066,
5146,
1860,
297,
278,
29643,
310,
29871,
29945,
29899,
29953,
15543,
4525,
4066,
5146,
1860,
2125,
6909,
515,
4655,
805,
2548,
763,
9045,
2562,
322,
9793,
29892,
322,
5034,
304,
445,
18994,
263,
2821,
13638,
310,
4908,
11990,
5834,
526,
17762,
304,
14257,
278,
17403,
405,
11191,
304,
7910,
822,
293,
1169,
975,
278,
6421,
2440,
304,
9801,
393,
11104,
526,
3625,
29889,
13,
29963,
327,
414,
315,
1307,
1718,
16786,
4658,
896,
505,
17977,
2580,
278,
263,
5402,
537,
7124,
322,
1016,
30140,
29873,
4658,
393,
278,
25750,
5874,
756,
2309,
967,
6232,
304,
437,
278,
1021,
29889,
319,
3619,
15313,
524,
4249,
10049,
1237,
297,
15149,
310,
1749,
1248,
3137,
18043,
297,
4908,
15411,
338,
278,
17189,
2347,
875,
277,
944,
310,
11467,
24921,
29892,
289,
13411,
7283,
1446,
322,
6467,
23437,
29871,
30140,
1550,
278,
7256,
770,
322,
25273,
1017,
770,
4893,
372,
373,
278,
521,
262,
29889,
1551,
445,
29871,
30140,
727,
338,
1568,
3619,
5962,
4249,
1716,
17403,
405,
11191,
322,
17403,
15312,
1230,
1462,
272,
2153,
29889,
13,
29909,
7282,
13638,
310,
4908,
11990,
5834,
864,
18340,
5371,
304,
2367,
1250,
2600,
1169,
304,
5188,
1974,
4808,
414,
29889,
450,
1139,
310,
18340,
5371,
2600,
1169,
756,
7037,
304,
367,
263,
4655,
2228,
2645,
278,
2446,
8271,
29889,
13,
29924,
987,
310,
278,
1857,
9014,
261,
2614,
303,
297,
4908,
15411,
338,
9436,
2750,
278,
17403,
25910,
9173,
29871,
30140,
541,
727,
338,
263,
20947,
310,
10021
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.528394 | -0.338727 | -0.187947 | -0.760918 |
Court Dismisses Action Against Willets Point Developers
Court Decisions • City Council, City Planning Commission • Willets Point, Queens
Long View Rendering of 126th Street and Citi Field. Image Credit: NYC EDC.
Public trust doctrine did not apply to Willets Point West development project. On August 15, 2014, the New York Supreme Court in Manhattan denied petitions for declarative and injunctive relief against the Willets Point Development Project in Queens. The petitions were brought by a coalition led by New York State Senator Tony Avella, The City Club of New York, and New York City Park Advocates. The petitioners argued that constructing a shopping mall and hotel was an improper use of the Willets Point West parkland, and that it should remain open for public events including circus performances and concerts.
On August 21, 2013, the City Planning Commission approved an application to construct a 10-story, 200-room hotel and a 30,000-square foot mall complex on the Willets Point West site, brought by the New York City Economic Development Corporation and by Queens Development Group, LLC., a joint venture of Sterling Equities and Related Companies. On October 9, 2013, the application was approved by the full City Council in a 42-3 vote. (See CityLand's past coverage here.) Willets Point West is a 23-acre area bordered by Citi Field to the east, Roosevelt Avenue to the south, and Shea Road to the west and north. The site lies within Queens Community Board 7, and was the north end of Flushing Meadow Park before the construction of Shea Stadium in 1961. Since the stadium's demolition in 2009, the site has served as a parking lot for Citi Field, but remains classified as parkland.
On February 10, 2014, Senator Avella and the advocacy groups filed a petition for declaratory relief stating that the City Council's approval of the project was void for failing to abide by ULURP. The petitioners also sought a declaration that building the mall and hotel violated the public trust doctrine by using designated parkland for private purposes, and sought an injunction against Queens Development Group from continuing with construction of the mall and hotel. At filing, Senator Avella stated "Parks are intended to serve the people, to provide open space, landscaping, opportunities for recreation, playgrounds for children, and escape from the hordes and noise of a busy commercial city. …I'm outraged when the people who are supposed to administer parks for everyone turn them over to private interests without seeking the State Legislature's consent as the public trust doctrine requires."
On August 15, 2014, Justice Manuel J. Mendez of New York Supreme Court in Manhattan denied declarative relief and the injunction on the grounds that the public trust doctrine does not apply when the use of parkland has existing legislative approval. New York City Administrative Code §18-118 authorized Shea Stadium's construction in 1961 and enumerated several purposes for the use of Willets Point West, including improvement of trade and commerce, and Justice Mendez ruled that constructing a shopping mall qualifies for that purpose. Justice Mendez also ruled that since the Administrative Code specifically authorized the particular use of this land, it is not subject to ULURP.
The coalition expects to appeal this decision. Michael Gruen, President of the City Club of New York stated, "the bottom line is that decision is wrong. We just have to establish that at a higher level. We knew all along that either way the final decision would be made on appeal and not with the lower court. We are extremely grateful for what the coalition has done, and for their commitment to continuing the fight."
Avella v. City of New York, Index No. 100161/14 (N.Y. Sup. Ct. Jul. 30, 2014) (Attorneys: John Low-Beer, for Avella; Zachary W. Carter, for NYC).
By: Michael Twomey (Michael is a CityLaw Fellow and a New York Law School Graduate, Class of 2014).
Tags : City Club of New York, City Planning Commission, New York City Economic Development Corporation | [
9245,
360,
28303,
267,
9123,
11454,
303,
4624,
10376,
8984,
10682,
414,
13,
29907,
14316,
3826,
12112,
10266,
4412,
8831,
29892,
4412,
1858,
9450,
11444,
10266,
4624,
10376,
8984,
29892,
18909,
13,
8208,
4533,
26000,
292,
310,
29871,
29896,
29906,
29953,
386,
7103,
322,
315,
4812,
8989,
29889,
7084,
24596,
277,
29901,
23526,
29907,
9408,
29907,
29889,
13,
19858,
9311,
22542,
1258,
451,
3394,
304,
4624,
10376,
8984,
3122,
5849,
2060,
29889,
1551,
3111,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29946,
29892,
278,
1570,
3088,
22569,
9245,
297,
29093,
23586,
17935,
5697,
2187,
363,
7669,
1230,
322,
10899,
18049,
573,
18892,
2750,
278,
4624,
10376,
8984,
14650,
8010,
297,
18909,
29889,
450,
5697,
2187,
892,
6296,
491,
263,
17148,
654,
5331,
491,
1570,
3088,
4306,
27623,
15293,
319,
955,
433,
29892,
450,
4412,
5977,
310,
1570,
3088,
29892,
322,
1570,
3088,
4412,
4815,
25215,
542,
1078,
29889,
450,
5697,
654,
414,
28705,
393,
3386,
292,
263,
17394,
3262,
286,
497,
322,
16730,
471,
385,
4857,
546,
671,
310,
278,
4624,
10376,
8984,
3122,
14089,
1049,
29892,
322,
393,
372,
881,
3933,
1722,
363,
970,
4959,
3704,
3449,
375,
21637,
322,
13135,
29879,
29889,
13,
2951,
3111,
29871,
29906,
29896,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
29892,
278,
4412,
1858,
9450,
11444,
23454,
385,
2280,
304,
3386,
263,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29899,
24098,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29899,
8345,
16730,
322,
263,
29871,
29941,
29900,
29892,
29900,
29900,
29900,
29899,
17619,
3661,
286,
497,
4280,
373,
278,
4624,
10376,
8984,
3122,
3268,
29892,
6296,
491,
278,
1570,
3088,
4412,
12884,
293,
14650,
15025,
322,
491,
18909,
14650,
6431,
29892,
365,
12182,
1696,
263,
14002,
9712,
545,
310,
28588,
1847,
11243,
1907,
322,
6376,
630,
3831,
273,
583,
29889,
1551,
5533,
29871,
29929,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
29892,
278,
2280,
471,
23454,
491,
278,
2989,
4412,
8831,
297,
263,
29871,
29946,
29906,
29899,
29941,
11719,
29889,
313,
13393,
4412,
22677,
29915,
29879,
4940,
23746,
1244,
1846,
4624,
10376,
8984,
3122,
338,
263,
29871,
29906,
29941,
29899,
21160,
4038,
5139,
287,
491,
315,
4812,
8989,
304,
278,
9755,
29892,
1528,
852,
955,
29873,
18874,
304,
278,
7062,
29892,
322,
2296,
29874,
9321,
304,
278,
5833,
322,
6641,
29889,
450,
3268,
12185,
2629,
18909,
19184,
12590,
29871,
29955,
29892,
322,
471,
278,
6641,
1095,
310,
2379,
21616,
341,
1479,
340,
4815,
1434,
278,
7632,
310,
2296,
29874,
17213,
297,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29953,
29896,
29889,
4001,
278,
10728,
1974,
29915,
29879,
27745,
654,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29929,
29892,
278,
3268,
756,
6766,
408,
263,
610,
9292,
3287,
363,
315,
4812,
8989,
29892,
541,
9242,
770,
2164,
408,
14089,
1049,
29889,
13,
2951,
6339,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29946,
29892,
27623,
319,
955,
433,
322,
278,
22545,
4135,
6471,
934,
29881,
263,
5697,
654,
363,
7669,
7606,
18892,
23659,
393,
278,
4412,
8831,
29915,
29879,
2134,
791,
310,
278,
2060,
471,
1780,
363,
17581,
304,
633,
680,
491,
501,
29931,
4574,
29925,
29889,
450,
5697,
654,
414,
884,
18365,
263,
12029,
393,
5214,
278,
286,
497,
322,
16730,
5537,
630,
278,
970,
9311,
22542,
491,
773,
25373,
14089,
1049,
363,
2024,
11976,
29892,
322,
18365,
385,
10899,
651,
2750,
18909,
14650,
6431,
515,
3133,
292,
411,
7632,
310,
278,
286,
497,
322,
16730,
29889,
2180,
977,
292,
29892,
27623,
319,
955,
433,
8703,
376,
29925,
17862,
526,
9146,
304,
9080,
278,
2305,
29892,
304,
3867,
1722,
2913,
29892,
2982,
1557,
21430,
29892,
28602,
1907,
363,
28709,
362,
29892,
1708,
2057,
29879,
363,
4344,
29892,
322,
10169,
515,
278,
298,
536,
267,
322,
11462,
310,
263,
19587,
12128,
4272,
29889,
16088,
29902,
29915,
29885,
714,
1431,
287,
746,
278,
2305,
1058,
526,
7424,
304,
4113,
1531,
610,
2039,
363,
14332,
2507,
963,
975,
304,
2024,
20017,
1728,
25738,
278,
4306,
18991,
1535,
29915,
29879,
20218,
408,
278,
970,
9311,
22542,
6858,
1213,
13,
2951,
3111,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29946,
29892,
17181,
13815,
435,
29889,
341,
3324,
29920,
310,
1570,
3088,
22569,
9245,
297,
29093,
23586,
17935,
7669,
1230,
18892,
322,
278,
10899,
651,
373,
278,
25502,
393,
278,
970,
9311,
22542,
947,
451,
3394,
746,
278,
671,
310,
14089,
1049,
756,
5923,
13332,
1230,
2134,
791,
29889,
1570,
3088,
4412,
24510,
1230,
5920,
16683,
29896,
29947,
29899,
29896,
29896,
29947,
4148,
1891,
2296,
29874,
17213,
29915,
29879,
7632,
297,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29953,
29896,
322,
22447,
630,
3196,
11976,
363,
278,
671,
310,
4624,
10376,
8984,
3122,
29892,
3704,
20414,
310,
11302,
322,
24346,
29892,
322,
17181,
341,
3324,
29920,
29490,
393,
3386,
292,
263,
17394,
3262,
286,
497,
4021,
11057,
363,
393,
6437,
29889,
17181,
341,
3324,
29920,
884,
29490,
393,
1951,
278,
24510,
1230,
5920,
10816,
4148,
1891,
278,
3153,
671,
310,
445,
2982,
29892,
372,
338,
451,
4967,
304,
501,
29931,
4574,
29925,
29889,
13,
1576,
17148,
654,
23347,
304,
25530,
445,
10608,
29889,
5765,
5430,
264,
29892,
7178,
310,
278,
4412,
5977,
310,
1570,
3088,
8703,
29892,
376,
1552,
5970,
1196,
338,
393,
10608,
338,
2743,
29889,
1334,
925,
505,
304,
10127,
393,
472,
263,
6133,
3233,
29889,
1334,
6363,
599,
3412,
393,
2845,
982,
278,
2186,
10608,
723,
367,
1754,
373,
25530,
322,
451,
411,
278,
5224,
8973,
29889,
1334,
526,
14154,
28656,
363,
825,
278,
17148,
654,
756,
2309,
29892,
322,
363,
1009,
9063,
358,
304,
3133,
292,
278,
8589,
1213,
13,
29909,
955,
433,
325,
29889,
4412,
310,
1570,
3088,
29892,
11374,
1939,
29889,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
29896,
29953,
29896,
29914,
29896,
29946,
313,
29940,
29889,
29979,
29889,
13786,
29889,
315,
29873,
29889,
2739,
29889,
29871,
29941,
29900,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29946,
29897,
313,
4165,
272,
484,
952,
29901,
2259,
17511,
29899,
3629,
261,
29892,
363,
319,
955,
433,
29936,
29103,
653,
399,
29889,
22264,
29892,
363,
23526,
29907,
467,
13,
2059,
29901,
5765,
8168,
608,
29891,
313,
24083,
338,
263,
4412,
29931,
1450,
25940,
322,
263,
1570,
3088,
7927,
4523,
1632,
13467,
403,
29892,
4134,
310,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29946,
467,
13,
28089,
584,
4412,
5977,
310,
1570,
3088,
29892,
4412,
1858,
9450,
11444,
29892,
1570,
3088,
4412,
12884,
293,
14650,
15025
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.515637 | 0.462655 | 1.019565 | 0.53985 |
UN0517583.jpg.Banner.jpg
COVID-19 Worsens 'Double Burden' of Child Malnutrition in Indonesia
Carisha Pranyoto
Pandemic lockdowns and disrupted nutrition services are making it harder for children in Indonesia to stay healthy.
The COVID-19 pandemic is severely disrupting essential nutrition for children in Indonesia, worsening the 'double burden' of both under- and over-nutrition issues and increasing the risk of irreversible lifelong damage.
Undernutrition in children can result in stunting, the inability to reach one's potential for growth, potentially reducing a child's physical and cognitive capacity, or wasting, acute malnutrition resulting from rapid weight loss or the failure to gain weight.
UNICEF estimated in 2018 that 3 in 10 children under 5 in Indonesia were stunted, while 1 in 10 children were wasted. A September 2021 UNICEF Indonesia screening of 84 million children under age 5 identified 500,000 new cases of children suffering from wasting, which carries an increased risk of death.
Some children aren't getting enough to eat; others are getting too much of the wrong foods
On the other side, COVID-19 and its secondary impacts are also increasing the number of obese children. Obesity has been a growing concern over the past 15 years in Indonesia, with rates nearly doubling during that time. Locally know as 'gemuk,' child obesity is diagnosed when a child is significantly overweight for his or her age. Obesity increases the risk for noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular issues.
UNICEF polls in August 2021 showed that nearly half of youth surveyed in Indonesia reported reduced physical activity compared to pre-pandemic times. A reported increase in fast-food consumption and unbalanced diets is another cause for concern.
UN0517587.jpg.700w.jpg
Helga, 5, holds a plate of fried chicken and tofu at her home in Pandes Village, Klaten, Central Java Province, Indonesia on September 7, 2021. © UNICEF/UN0517587/Ijazah
Two UNICEF reports, Fed to Fail? The crisis of children's diets in early life and Towards a child-focused COVID-19 response and recovery, indicate that two major causes of deteriorating nutrition in Indonesia are changes to household income and disruptions to local health policy.
Food insecurity has risen and access to local health services has decreased during the pandemic
Due to a fall in income after the onset of COVID-19 containment measures in 2020, 66 percent of households reported worrying about food, an increase of over 50 percent in 2018. Households are reducing or halting the purchase of nutritious foods (such as fish, meat, poultry and fruit) and, instead, consuming less nutrient-dense foods.
As a result, young children's diets are less likely to meet minimum dietary diversity. Children in Indonesia between the ages of 12 to 23 months meeting minimum dietary diversity fell by one-third from 81 percent in 2018 to 55 percent in 2020. UNICEF Executive Director Henrietta Fore states, "Poor nutritional intake in the first two years of life can irreversibly harm children's rapidly growing bodies and brains, impacting their schooling, job prospects and futures."
Poor nutritional intake in the first two years of life can irreversibly harm children's rapidly growing bodies and brains. — UNICEF Executive Director Henrietta Fore
Not only are individual households facing issues of malnutrition, but government nutrition services have been halted. UNICEF found that more than three-quarters of Indonesia's provincial and district health offices shifted the budget for nutrition services to support the COVID-19 response. Additionally, about half the provincial and district health offices surveyed reported receiving inadequate or no supplies for treatment of severe child wasting.
COVID-19 has worsened food insecurity and wasting in Indonesia, increasing the risk of child mortality | [
8291,
29900,
29945,
29896,
29955,
29945,
29947,
29941,
29889,
6173,
29889,
29933,
7310,
29889,
6173,
13,
3217,
13044,
29899,
29896,
29929,
399,
943,
575,
525,
11843,
6640,
1145,
29915,
310,
10517,
3792,
21305,
29878,
654,
297,
16704,
423,
13,
8179,
728,
29874,
349,
661,
29891,
3747,
13,
23684,
24552,
7714,
3204,
29879,
322,
766,
14214,
18254,
29878,
654,
5786,
526,
3907,
372,
22622,
363,
4344,
297,
16704,
423,
304,
7952,
9045,
29891,
29889,
13,
1576,
19937,
29899,
29896,
29929,
7243,
24552,
338,
2775,
873,
766,
6685,
292,
18853,
18254,
29878,
654,
363,
4344,
297,
16704,
423,
29892,
281,
943,
8333,
278,
525,
8896,
6866,
1145,
29915,
310,
1716,
1090,
29899,
322,
975,
29899,
21305,
29878,
654,
5626,
322,
10231,
278,
12045,
310,
19950,
874,
1821,
11747,
295,
549,
18658,
29889,
13,
25263,
824,
329,
29878,
654,
297,
4344,
508,
1121,
297,
380,
348,
1259,
29892,
278,
297,
3097,
304,
6159,
697,
29915,
29879,
7037,
363,
14321,
29892,
19998,
27668,
263,
2278,
29915,
29879,
9128,
322,
25323,
3321,
13284,
29892,
470,
471,
1259,
29892,
1274,
1082,
4439,
21305,
29878,
654,
9819,
515,
10952,
7688,
6410,
470,
278,
10672,
304,
11581,
7688,
29889,
13,
3904,
12107,
29943,
15899,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29947,
393,
29871,
29941,
297,
29871,
29896,
29900,
4344,
1090,
29871,
29945,
297,
16704,
423,
892,
380,
28000,
29892,
1550,
29871,
29896,
297,
29871,
29896,
29900,
4344,
892,
471,
9446,
29889,
319,
3839,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29896,
8291,
12107,
29943,
16704,
423,
4315,
292,
310,
29871,
29947,
29946,
7284,
4344,
1090,
5046,
29871,
29945,
15659,
29871,
29945,
29900,
29900,
29892,
29900,
29900,
29900,
716,
4251,
310,
4344,
23164,
515,
471,
1259,
29892,
607,
1559,
2722,
385,
11664,
12045,
310,
4892,
29889,
13,
9526,
4344,
9455,
29915,
29873,
2805,
3307,
304,
17545,
29936,
4045,
526,
2805,
2086,
1568,
310,
278,
2743,
9687,
29879,
13,
2951,
278,
916,
2625,
29892,
19937,
29899,
29896,
29929,
322,
967,
16723,
10879,
29879,
526,
884,
10231,
278,
1353,
310,
704,
968,
4344,
29889,
4250,
267,
537,
756,
1063,
263,
15678,
5932,
975,
278,
4940,
29871,
29896,
29945,
2440,
297,
16704,
423,
29892,
411,
19257,
8886,
4662,
21435,
2645,
393,
931,
29889,
5976,
635,
1073,
408,
525,
17797,
2679,
5501,
2278,
704,
267,
537,
338,
24876,
2662,
746,
263,
2278,
338,
16951,
975,
7915,
363,
670,
470,
902,
5046,
29889,
4250,
267,
537,
16415,
278,
12045,
363,
1661,
27820,
519,
10267,
2129,
1316,
408,
652,
370,
10778,
322,
5881,
29875,
586,
6151,
1070,
5626,
29889,
13,
3904,
12107,
29943,
1248,
3137,
297,
3111,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29896,
10018,
393,
8886,
4203,
310,
12397,
18994,
287,
297,
16704,
423,
8967,
12212,
9128,
6354,
9401,
304,
758,
29899,
8357,
24552,
3064,
29889,
319,
8967,
7910,
297,
5172,
29899,
1181,
397,
27430,
322,
443,
5521,
8362,
652,
1691,
338,
1790,
4556,
363,
5932,
29889,
13,
3904,
29900,
29945,
29896,
29955,
29945,
29947,
29955,
29889,
6173,
29889,
29955,
29900,
29900,
29893,
29889,
6173,
13,
7658,
3249,
29892,
29871,
29945,
29892,
8640,
263,
15284,
310,
285,
1255,
521,
21475,
322,
304,
21154,
472,
902,
3271,
297,
349,
392,
267,
24720,
29892,
12043,
2579,
29892,
8068,
3355,
17325,
29892,
16704,
423,
373,
3839,
29871,
29955,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29896,
29889,
29871,
30211,
8291,
12107,
29943,
29914,
3904,
29900,
29945,
29896,
29955,
29945,
29947,
29955,
29914,
29902,
29926,
834,
801,
13,
13985,
8291,
12107,
29943,
13676,
29892,
17972,
304,
29098,
29973,
450,
24161,
310,
4344,
29915,
29879,
652,
1691,
297,
4688,
2834,
322,
22578,
3163,
263,
2278,
29899,
29888,
542,
3880,
19937,
29899,
29896,
29929,
2933,
322,
24205,
29892,
12266,
393,
1023,
4655,
9946,
310,
270,
1308,
1611,
1218,
18254,
29878,
654,
297,
16704,
423,
526,
3620,
304,
22329,
17869,
322,
766,
582,
1980,
304,
1887,
9045,
8898,
29889,
13,
29943,
2092,
297,
8926,
756,
5161,
264,
322,
2130,
304,
1887,
9045,
5786,
756,
9263,
1463,
2645,
278,
7243,
24552,
13,
29928,
434,
304,
263,
6416,
297,
17869,
1156,
278,
373,
842,
310,
19937,
29899,
29896,
29929,
1712,
358,
15366,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29900,
29892,
29871,
29953,
29953,
10151,
310,
26850,
8967,
15982,
292,
1048,
9687,
29892,
385,
7910,
310,
975,
29871,
29945,
29900,
10151,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29947,
29889,
5619,
23177,
526,
27668,
470,
8870,
1259,
278,
20590,
310,
18254,
768,
2738,
9687,
29879,
313,
14565,
408,
9427,
29892,
27654,
29892,
282,
5059,
2202,
322,
15774,
29897,
322,
29892,
2012,
29892,
1136,
9929,
3109,
18254,
374,
296,
29899,
1145,
344,
9687,
29879,
29889,
13,
2887,
263,
1121,
29892,
4123,
4344,
29915,
29879,
652,
1691,
526,
3109,
5517,
304,
5870,
9212,
652,
300,
653,
6894,
537,
29889,
20986,
297,
16704,
423,
1546,
278,
24646,
310,
29871,
29896,
29906,
304,
29871,
29906,
29941,
7378,
11781,
9212,
652,
300,
653,
6894,
537,
8379,
491,
697,
29899,
22585,
515,
29871,
29947,
29896,
10151,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29947,
304,
29871,
29945,
29945,
10151,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29900,
29889,
8291,
12107,
29943,
28841,
15944,
11931,
11300,
28297,
5922,
29892,
376,
9837,
272,
18254,
29878,
3245,
938,
1296,
297,
278,
937,
1023,
2440,
310,
2834,
508,
19950,
874,
14981,
10311,
4344,
29915,
29879,
19328,
15678,
17873,
322,
4105,
1144,
29892,
10879,
292,
1009,
3762,
292,
29892,
4982,
27289,
29879,
322,
3105,
1973,
1213,
13,
9837,
272,
18254,
29878,
3245,
938,
1296,
297,
278,
937,
1023,
2440,
310,
2834,
508,
19950,
874,
14981,
10311,
4344,
29915,
29879,
19328,
15678,
17873,
322,
4105,
1144,
29889,
813,
8291,
12107,
29943,
28841,
15944,
11931,
11300,
28297,
13,
3664,
871,
526,
5375,
26850,
14870,
5626,
310,
4439,
21305,
29878,
654,
29892,
541,
5874,
18254,
29878,
654,
5786,
505,
1063,
25212,
287,
29889,
8291,
12107,
29943,
1476,
393,
901,
1135,
2211,
29899,
19252,
310,
16704,
423,
29915,
29879,
25750,
322,
6474,
9045,
25222,
9500,
287,
278,
23562,
363,
18254,
29878,
654,
5786,
304,
2304,
278,
19937,
29899,
29896,
29929,
2933,
29889,
19814,
29892,
1048,
4203,
278,
25750,
322,
6474,
9045,
25222,
18994,
287,
8967,
13442,
297,
1943,
339,
403,
470,
694,
28075,
363,
14502,
310,
22261,
2278,
471,
1259,
29889,
13,
3217,
13044,
29899,
29896,
29929,
756,
281,
943,
6419,
9687,
297,
8926,
322,
471,
1259,
297,
16704,
423,
29892,
10231,
278,
12045,
310,
2278,
5758,
2877
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.394727 | 0.275774 | 1.503735 | 1.569459 |
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from django.core.management.base import AppCommand
from django.core.management.base import CommandError
from django.db import DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS, connections
from django.db import router
from django.utils.version import get_docs_version
def sql_create_model(editor, model):
"""
Takes a model and creates a table for it in the database.
Will also create any accompanying indexes or unique constraints.
"""
# Create column SQL, add FK deferreds if needed
column_sqls = []
params = []
for field in model._meta.local_fields:
# SQL
definition, extra_params = editor.column_sql(model, field)
if definition is None:
continue
# Check constraints can go on the column SQL here
db_params = field.db_parameters(connection=editor.connection)
if db_params['check']:
definition += " CHECK (%s)" % db_params['check']
# Autoincrement SQL (for backends with inline variant)
col_type_suffix = field.db_type_suffix(connection=editor.connection)
if col_type_suffix:
definition += " %s" % col_type_suffix
params.extend(extra_params)
# FK
remote_field = field.remote_field
if remote_field and field.db_constraint:
editor.deferred_sql.append(
editor._create_fk_sql(
model, field, "_fk_%(to_table)s_%(to_column)s"))
# Add the SQL to our big list
column_sqls.append("%s %s" % (
editor.quote_name(field.column),
definition,
))
# Autoincrement SQL (for backends with post table definition variant)
if field.get_internal_type() == "AutoField":
autoinc_sql = editor.connection.ops.autoinc_sql(
model._meta.db_table, field.column)
if autoinc_sql:
editor.deferred_sql.extend(autoinc_sql)
# Add any unique_togethers (always deferred, as some fields might be
# created afterwards, like geometry fields with some backends)
for fields in model._meta.unique_together:
columns = [model._meta.get_field(field).column for field in fields]
editor.deferred_sql.append(editor._create_unique_sql(model, columns))
# Make the table
sql = editor.sql_create_table % {
"table": editor.quote_name(model._meta.db_table),
"definition": ", ".join(column_sqls)
}
if model._meta.db_tablespace:
tablespace_sql = editor.connection.ops.tablespace_sql(
model._meta.db_tablespace)
if tablespace_sql:
sql += ' ' + tablespace_sql
# Prevent using [] as params, in the case a literal '%' is used in the
# definition
output = [sql % params]
# Add any field index and index_together's
editor.deferred_sql.extend(editor._model_indexes_sql(model))
return output
def sql_create(app_config, style, connection):
"Returns a list of the CREATE TABLE SQL statements for the given app."
if connection.settings_dict['ENGINE'] == 'django.db.backends.dummy':
# This must be the "dummy" database backend, which means the user
# hasn't set ENGINE for the database.
raise CommandError(
"Django doesn't know which syntax to use for your SQL statements,"
"\nbecause you haven't properly specified the ENGINE setting for "
"the database.\n"
"see: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/%s/ref/settings/"
"#databases" % get_docs_version()
)
# Get installed models, so we generate REFERENCES right.
# We | [
515,
4770,
29888,
9130,
1649,
1053,
29104,
29918,
20889,
1338,
13,
13,
3166,
9557,
29889,
3221,
29889,
21895,
29889,
3188,
1053,
2401,
6255,
13,
3166,
9557,
29889,
3221,
29889,
21895,
29889,
3188,
1053,
10516,
2392,
13,
3166,
9557,
29889,
2585,
1053,
22236,
29918,
4051,
29918,
1964,
29902,
3289,
29892,
12368,
13,
3166,
9557,
29889,
2585,
1053,
12876,
13,
3166,
9557,
29889,
13239,
29889,
3259,
1053,
679,
29918,
2640,
29918,
3259,
13,
13,
13,
1753,
4576,
29918,
3258,
29918,
4299,
29898,
15204,
29892,
1904,
1125,
13,
1678,
9995,
13,
1678,
323,
6926,
263,
1904,
322,
10017,
263,
1591,
363,
372,
297,
278,
2566,
29889,
13,
1678,
2811,
884,
1653,
738,
10259,
1384,
292,
18111,
470,
5412,
11938,
29889,
13,
1678,
9995,
13,
1678,
396,
6204,
1897,
3758,
29892,
788,
28682,
316,
14373,
29879,
565,
4312,
13,
1678,
1897,
29918,
2850,
29879,
353,
5159,
13,
1678,
8636,
353,
5159,
13,
1678,
363,
1746,
297,
1904,
3032,
7299,
29889,
2997,
29918,
9621,
29901,
13,
4706,
396,
3758,
13,
4706,
5023,
29892,
4805,
29918,
7529,
353,
6920,
29889,
4914,
29918,
2850,
29898,
4299,
29892,
1746,
29897,
13,
4706,
565,
5023,
338,
6213,
29901,
13,
9651,
6773,
13,
4706,
396,
5399,
11938,
508,
748,
373,
278,
1897,
3758,
1244,
13,
4706,
4833,
29918,
7529,
353,
1746,
29889,
2585,
29918,
16744,
29898,
9965,
29922,
15204,
29889,
9965,
29897,
13,
4706,
565,
4833,
29918,
7529,
1839,
3198,
2033,
29901,
13,
9651,
5023,
4619,
376,
23557,
313,
29995,
29879,
5513,
1273,
4833,
29918,
7529,
1839,
3198,
2033,
13,
4706,
396,
11133,
25629,
3758,
313,
1454,
1250,
1975,
411,
10583,
17305,
29897,
13,
4706,
784,
29918,
1853,
29918,
2146,
600,
861,
353,
1746,
29889,
2585,
29918,
1853,
29918,
2146,
600,
861,
29898,
9965,
29922,
15204,
29889,
9965,
29897,
13,
4706,
565,
784,
29918,
1853,
29918,
2146,
600,
861,
29901,
13,
9651,
5023,
4619,
376,
1273,
29879,
29908,
1273,
784,
29918,
1853,
29918,
2146,
600,
861,
13,
4706,
8636,
29889,
21843,
29898,
17833,
29918,
7529,
29897,
13,
4706,
396,
28682,
13,
4706,
7592,
29918,
2671,
353,
1746,
29889,
16674,
29918,
2671,
13,
4706,
565,
7592,
29918,
2671,
322,
1746,
29889,
2585,
29918,
13646,
29901,
13,
9651,
6920,
29889,
311,
14373,
29918,
2850,
29889,
4397,
29898,
13,
18884,
6920,
3032,
3258,
29918,
29888,
29895,
29918,
2850,
29898,
13,
462,
1678,
1904,
29892,
1746,
29892,
11119,
29888,
29895,
29918,
29995,
29898,
517,
29918,
2371,
29897,
29879,
29918,
29995,
29898,
517,
29918,
4914,
29897,
29879,
5783,
13,
4706,
396,
3462,
278,
3758,
304,
1749,
4802,
1051,
13,
4706,
1897,
29918,
2850,
29879,
29889,
4397,
11702,
29879,
1273,
29879,
29908,
1273,
313,
13,
9651,
6920,
29889,
1396,
29918,
978,
29898,
2671,
29889,
4914,
511,
13,
9651,
5023,
29892,
13,
308,
876,
13,
4706,
396,
11133,
25629,
3758,
313,
1454,
1250,
1975,
411,
1400,
1591,
5023,
17305,
29897,
13,
4706,
565,
1746,
29889,
657,
29918,
7564,
29918,
1853,
580,
1275,
376,
12300,
3073,
1115,
13,
9651,
4469,
3742,
29918,
2850,
353,
6920,
29889,
9965,
29889,
3554,
29889,
6921,
3742,
29918,
2850,
29898,
13,
18884,
1904,
3032,
7299,
29889,
2585,
29918,
2371,
29892,
1746,
29889,
4914,
29897,
13,
9651,
565,
4469,
3742,
29918,
2850,
29901,
13,
18884,
6920,
29889,
311,
14373,
29918,
2850,
29889,
21843,
29898,
6921,
3742,
29918,
2850,
29897,
13,
13,
1678,
396,
3462,
738,
5412,
29918,
29873,
468,
621,
414,
313,
21936,
316,
14373,
29892,
408,
777,
4235,
1795,
367,
13,
1678,
396,
2825,
12335,
29892,
763,
16303,
4235,
411,
777,
1250,
1975,
29897,
13,
1678,
363,
4235,
297,
1904,
3032,
7299,
29889,
13092,
29918,
29873,
12966,
29901,
13,
4706,
4341,
353,
518,
4299,
3032,
7299,
29889,
657,
29918,
2671,
29898,
2671,
467,
4914,
363,
1746,
297,
4235,
29962,
13,
4706,
6920,
29889,
311,
14373,
29918,
2850,
29889,
4397,
29898,
15204,
3032,
3258,
29918,
13092,
29918,
2850,
29898,
4299,
29892,
4341,
876,
13,
1678,
396,
8561,
278,
1591,
13,
1678,
4576,
353,
6920,
29889,
2850,
29918,
3258,
29918,
2371,
1273,
426,
13,
4706,
376,
2371,
1115,
6920,
29889,
1396,
29918,
978,
29898,
4299,
3032,
7299,
29889,
2585,
29918,
2371,
511,
13,
4706,
376,
16553,
1115,
9162,
11393,
7122,
29898,
4914,
29918,
2850,
29879,
29897,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
1678,
565,
1904,
3032,
7299,
29889,
2585,
29918,
24051,
3535,
29901,
13,
4706,
6131,
3535,
29918,
2850,
353,
6920,
29889,
9965,
29889,
3554,
29889,
24051,
3535,
29918,
2850,
29898,
13,
9651,
1904,
3032,
7299,
29889,
2585,
29918,
24051,
3535,
29897,
13,
4706,
565,
6131,
3535,
29918,
2850,
29901,
13,
9651,
4576,
4619,
525,
525,
718,
6131,
3535,
29918,
2850,
13,
1678,
396,
4721,
794,
773,
5159,
408,
8636,
29892,
297,
278,
1206,
263,
16333,
14210,
29915,
338,
1304,
297,
278,
13,
1678,
396,
5023,
13,
1678,
1962,
353,
518,
2850,
1273,
8636,
29962,
13,
13,
1678,
396,
3462,
738,
1746,
2380,
322,
2380,
29918,
29873,
12966,
29915,
29879,
13,
1678,
6920,
29889,
311,
14373,
29918,
2850,
29889,
21843,
29898,
15204,
3032,
4299,
29918,
2248,
267,
29918,
2850,
29898,
4299,
876,
13,
13,
1678,
736,
1962,
13,
13,
13,
1753,
4576,
29918,
3258,
29898,
932,
29918,
2917,
29892,
3114,
29892,
3957,
1125,
13,
1678,
376,
11609,
29879,
263,
1051,
310,
278,
14602,
10911,
3758,
9506,
363,
278,
2183,
623,
1213,
13,
13,
1678,
565,
3957,
29889,
11027,
29918,
8977,
1839,
1430,
29954,
8895,
2033,
1275,
525,
14095,
29889,
2585,
29889,
1627,
1975,
29889,
29881,
11770,
2396,
13,
4706,
396,
910,
1818,
367,
278,
376,
29881,
11770,
29908,
2566,
14998,
29892,
607,
2794,
278,
1404,
13,
4706,
396,
22602,
29915,
29873,
731,
382,
9312,
8895,
363,
278,
2566,
29889,
13,
4706,
12020,
10516,
2392,
29898,
13,
9651,
376,
29928,
5364,
1838,
29915,
29873,
1073,
607,
5877,
304,
671,
363,
596,
3758,
9506,
1699,
13,
9651,
6634,
9877,
5658,
366,
7359,
29915,
29873,
6284,
6790,
278,
382,
9312,
8895,
4444,
363,
376,
13,
9651,
376,
1552,
2566,
7790,
29876,
29908,
13,
9651,
376,
4149,
29901,
2045,
597,
2640,
29889,
19776,
574,
26555,
622,
29889,
510,
29914,
264,
22584,
29879,
29914,
999,
29914,
11027,
12975,
13,
9651,
12305,
29503,
2129,
29908,
1273,
679,
29918,
2640,
29918,
3259,
580,
13,
4706,
1723,
13,
13,
1678,
396,
3617,
5130,
4733,
29892,
577,
591,
5706,
5195,
29943,
1001,
1430,
27266,
1492,
29889,
13,
1678,
396,
1334
] | 1,024 | Github | -0.629605 | 0.836417 | -0.589404 | 0.281815 |
My 7-year old springer spaniel, Josie, developed a problem with her right eye about a week ago, and it has gotten rapidly worse. It began with tearing and red swelling in the inside corner of her eye, leading me to suspect an infection.
I took her to the vet, who prescribed a steroid/antibiotic drop to reduce swelling. She did not see evidence of a foreign object in the eye, nor did she see signs of infection.
She used a stain to check for cornea damage before prescribing the drops, and found no damage. She did no blood work, and did not do a physical examination of any other part of Josie's body.
Unfortunately, the condition worsened considerably over the next 24 hours, leading me to visit the vet again two days after the first visit. The third eyelid had become quite red and swollen, covering most of the eye, and there was noticeable swelling above and below the eye.
The vet prescribed Augmentin 1000 mg, Neopoly Bac Eye Ointment, and Rimady 100 mg; we have given these as prescribed for two days now.
Unfortunately, the situation has worsened. The eye is now swollen shut. The third eyelid is now quite swollen with a visible brown area on its side, and Josie has begun to frequently wipe it and lick the matter off of her paw.
It appears to be itching rather than painful, though she did yelp when my son bumped into her eye.
The discharge is mostly clear, although there has been occasional yellowish substance. The pictures show her eye before and after I wiped it, and in both situations the eye was closed until I pulled it open.
Josie has been eating, drinking, and exercising normally, but she was lethargic and potentially feverish earlier in the day before the serious discharge began. Now, aside from the itching and lack of sight (due to swelling), she does not seem particularly bothered.
We live in western North Dakota and walk her daily off leash, both in the badlands and in a prairie area with wetlands and a lake into which she occasionally swims.The last time she swam was a day or two prior to the first time I observed the tearing, and it was in a rather swampy area.
About a week and a half prior to that, we were walking in the badlands where yucca, prickly pear, juniper, sage, and rattlesnakes are present.
We normally do not have many mosquitoes in this arid country, but a spate of wet weather has brought an abundance of mosquitoes this year. We do have dog ticks in spring, but we do not have deer ticks, nor have I seen any dog ticks in the last several months.
Josie has had all of her vaccinations, but I am sorry to say that we are late on the heartworm medication. She has had Frontline for ticks, but that too we stopped in July. We have had her since she was six weeks old.
Our veterinarian seems quite competent, but she is new and inexperienced and terribly busy with the excessive demands from the population surge accompanying the oil boom. We do not have specialists in this area, and I suspect the doctor will recommend we take her 500 miles to the Twin Cities to see a specialist if the eye continues to worsen.
In fact, she already mentioned this possibility. I would rather have a more certain idea of potential problems before making that significant commitment of time and money. Your advice is most welcome.
Run, don't walk to your eye specialist. We just laid our beautiful black Lab down 3 weeks ago & I am still so broken hearted. We originally thought her red eye was nothing more than a cherry eye. But it progressed horribly. That was in March. We sent her to Rainbow Bridge 6 months later. Apparently she had a tumor growing. Of course I blame myself thinking if we'd only ...... But now I can advise you.
Make that appointment now. Get answers. It's well worth it in the end.
From her lethargy, and the pain in her eye, (in spite of anti-inflammatory drug, antibiotics, and medicated eye ointment), I am concerned that she may | [
1619,
29871,
29955,
29899,
6360,
2030,
6709,
261,
10638,
709,
29892,
5875,
347,
29892,
8906,
263,
1108,
411,
902,
1492,
10977,
1048,
263,
4723,
8020,
29892,
322,
372,
756,
2355,
841,
19328,
15029,
29889,
739,
4689,
411,
734,
4362,
322,
2654,
2381,
7807,
297,
278,
2768,
11155,
310,
902,
10977,
29892,
8236,
592,
304,
12326,
385,
297,
20309,
29889,
13,
29902,
3614,
902,
304,
278,
325,
300,
29892,
1058,
2225,
23059,
263,
16864,
3398,
29914,
424,
747,
29875,
13574,
5768,
304,
10032,
2381,
7807,
29889,
2296,
1258,
451,
1074,
10757,
310,
263,
9117,
1203,
297,
278,
10977,
29892,
3643,
1258,
1183,
1074,
18906,
310,
297,
20309,
29889,
13,
13468,
1304,
263,
380,
475,
304,
1423,
363,
1034,
14011,
18658,
1434,
2225,
699,
10549,
278,
4441,
567,
29892,
322,
1476,
694,
18658,
29889,
2296,
1258,
694,
10416,
664,
29892,
322,
1258,
451,
437,
263,
9128,
4392,
3381,
310,
738,
916,
760,
310,
5875,
347,
29915,
29879,
3573,
29889,
13,
2525,
7524,
29892,
278,
4195,
281,
943,
6419,
2050,
2197,
975,
278,
2446,
29871,
29906,
29946,
6199,
29892,
8236,
592,
304,
6493,
278,
325,
300,
1449,
1023,
3841,
1156,
278,
937,
6493,
29889,
450,
4654,
321,
29891,
295,
333,
750,
4953,
3755,
2654,
322,
2381,
324,
2435,
29892,
21653,
1556,
310,
278,
10977,
29892,
322,
727,
471,
8369,
519,
2381,
7807,
2038,
322,
2400,
278,
10977,
29889,
13,
1576,
325,
300,
2225,
23059,
22333,
358,
262,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
29900,
286,
29887,
29892,
2448,
13242,
29891,
29070,
382,
4099,
438,
524,
358,
29892,
322,
390,
326,
3714,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
286,
29887,
29936,
591,
505,
2183,
1438,
408,
2225,
23059,
363,
1023,
3841,
1286,
29889,
13,
2525,
7524,
29892,
278,
6434,
756,
281,
943,
6419,
29889,
450,
10977,
338,
1286,
2381,
324,
2435,
12522,
29889,
450,
4654,
321,
29891,
295,
333,
338,
1286,
3755,
2381,
324,
2435,
411,
263,
7962,
17354,
4038,
373,
967,
2625,
29892,
322,
5875,
347,
756,
23580,
304,
13672,
281,
15705,
372,
322,
301,
860,
278,
4383,
1283,
310,
902,
282,
1450,
29889,
13,
3112,
5692,
304,
367,
372,
305,
292,
3265,
1135,
6788,
1319,
29892,
2466,
1183,
1258,
343,
295,
29886,
746,
590,
1487,
289,
3427,
287,
964,
902,
10977,
29889,
13,
1576,
766,
23367,
338,
11149,
2821,
29892,
5998,
727,
756,
1063,
14882,
1848,
13328,
728,
5960,
749,
29889,
450,
14956,
1510,
902,
10977,
1434,
322,
1156,
306,
281,
666,
287,
372,
29892,
322,
297,
1716,
18845,
278,
10977,
471,
5764,
2745,
306,
20043,
372,
1722,
29889,
13,
29967,
359,
347,
756,
1063,
321,
1218,
29892,
13748,
292,
29892,
322,
24472,
3476,
292,
12891,
29892,
541,
1183,
471,
454,
386,
1191,
293,
322,
19998,
1238,
369,
728,
8859,
297,
278,
2462,
1434,
278,
10676,
766,
23367,
4689,
29889,
2567,
29892,
17786,
515,
278,
372,
305,
292,
322,
10225,
310,
11126,
313,
29123,
304,
2381,
7807,
511,
1183,
947,
451,
2833,
10734,
24738,
287,
29889,
13,
4806,
5735,
297,
15782,
4644,
22679,
4616,
322,
6686,
902,
14218,
1283,
454,
1161,
29892,
1716,
297,
278,
4319,
5252,
322,
297,
263,
7213,
24135,
4038,
411,
7990,
5252,
322,
263,
19437,
964,
607,
1183,
23025,
2381,
9893,
29889,
1576,
1833,
931,
1183,
2381,
314,
471,
263,
2462,
470,
1023,
7536,
304,
278,
937,
931,
306,
8900,
278,
734,
4362,
29892,
322,
372,
471,
297,
263,
3265,
2381,
1160,
29891,
4038,
29889,
13,
28173,
263,
4723,
322,
263,
4203,
7536,
304,
393,
29892,
591,
892,
22049,
297,
278,
4319,
5252,
988,
343,
29884,
17630,
29892,
544,
860,
368,
282,
799,
29892,
17340,
546,
29892,
269,
482,
29892,
322,
364,
1131,
793,
29876,
6926,
526,
2198,
29889,
13,
4806,
12891,
437,
451,
505,
1784,
19767,
339,
2049,
267,
297,
445,
564,
333,
4234,
29892,
541,
263,
805,
403,
310,
7990,
14826,
756,
6296,
385,
18666,
749,
310,
19767,
339,
2049,
267,
445,
1629,
29889,
1334,
437,
505,
11203,
260,
7358,
297,
6709,
29892,
541,
591,
437,
451,
505,
316,
261,
260,
7358,
29892,
3643,
505,
306,
3595,
738,
11203,
260,
7358,
297,
278,
1833,
3196,
7378,
29889,
13,
29967,
359,
347,
756,
750,
599,
310,
902,
325,
5753,
262,
800,
29892,
541,
306,
626,
7423,
304,
1827,
393,
591,
526,
5683,
373,
278,
5192,
29893,
555,
13589,
362,
29889,
2296,
756,
750,
13960,
1220,
363,
260,
7358,
29892,
541,
393,
2086,
591,
11084,
297,
5468,
29889,
1334,
505,
750,
902,
1951,
1183,
471,
4832,
11405,
2030,
29889,
13,
29949,
332,
25808,
262,
13956,
2444,
3755,
5100,
296,
29892,
541,
1183,
338,
716,
322,
297,
735,
546,
819,
1133,
322,
1935,
1091,
368,
19587,
411,
278,
19163,
573,
1261,
4167,
515,
278,
4665,
1190,
479,
10259,
1384,
292,
278,
17182,
1045,
290,
29889,
1334,
437,
451,
505,
4266,
2879,
297,
445,
4038,
29892,
322,
306,
12326,
278,
11619,
674,
6907,
591,
2125,
902,
29871,
29945,
29900,
29900,
7800,
304,
278,
323,
5080,
315,
1907,
304,
1074,
263,
4266,
391,
565,
278,
10977,
18172,
304,
281,
943,
264,
29889,
13,
797,
2114,
29892,
1183,
2307,
5276,
445,
13331,
29889,
306,
723,
3265,
505,
263,
901,
3058,
2969,
310,
7037,
4828,
1434,
3907,
393,
7282,
9063,
358,
310,
931,
322,
6909,
29889,
3575,
9848,
338,
1556,
12853,
29889,
13,
6558,
29892,
1016,
29915,
29873,
6686,
304,
596,
10977,
4266,
391,
29889,
1334,
925,
12341,
1749,
9560,
4628,
12016,
1623,
29871,
29941,
11405,
8020,
669,
306,
626,
1603,
577,
9391,
5192,
287,
29889,
1334,
10437,
2714,
902,
2654,
10977,
471,
3078,
901,
1135,
263,
14954,
719,
10977,
29889,
1205,
372,
6728,
287,
4029,
1091,
368,
29889,
2193,
471,
297,
4779,
29889,
1334,
2665,
902,
304,
21431,
17729,
16230,
29871,
29953,
7378,
2678,
29889,
27466,
2705,
1183,
750,
263,
21622,
272,
15678,
29889,
4587,
3236,
306,
1999,
420,
6142,
7291,
565,
591,
29915,
29881,
871,
13035,
636,
1205,
1286,
306,
508,
22939,
366,
29889,
13,
9984,
393,
28573,
1286,
29889,
3617,
6089,
29889,
739,
29915,
29879,
1532,
7088,
372,
297,
278,
1095,
29889,
13,
4591,
902,
454,
386,
1191,
29891,
29892,
322,
278,
6788,
297,
902,
10977,
29892,
313,
262,
21100,
310,
9418,
29899,
13453,
314,
2922,
706,
15721,
29892,
3677,
747,
24414,
1199,
29892,
322,
13589,
630,
10977,
288,
524,
358,
511,
306,
626,
15041,
393,
1183,
1122
] | 1,024 | C4 | 0.141361 | -0.271242 | 0.087089 | 0.237544 |
What If KD Never Left OKC: 4 Years Later To The Day
Will Locklin
Four years ago, the NBA world was shocked when Kevin Durant decided to join the Golden State Warriors. The team that had just won 73 games and came a few plays away from back to back championships just signed one of the best players in the league.
In the weeks leading to the signing, the Warriors were one of the favorites to land Durant, but reporters and fans alike dismissed the notion that a player of Durant's greatness could possibly leave the only franchise he had ever played for to a rival team. After all, the Warriors had defeated the Thunder in the Western Conference Finals after coming back from a 3-1 deficit.
However, all the denial was put to rest on that fateful July 4th morning in 2016. Kevin Durant's three years with the Warriors were controversial depending on what kind of fan or even player you talk to. At the time, everyone seemed to hate Durant for joining an all-time great team and throwing the league balance out of order.
Since Durant's decision, the Warriors have solidified an NBA dynasty with five straight NBA Finals appearances and three championships in four years. Durant became an NBA champion for the first time in his career and earned two Finals MVPs to validate his greatness on the biggest stage in the world.
The impact that Durant's decision has had on the league is undeniably profound. Both the past and futures of NBA franchises like the Thunder, Warriors, Rockets, Cavs, and Lakers have been heavily influenced by Kevin Durant in one way or another.
Star players' careers like LeBron James, Steph Curry, Russell Westbrook, and Paul George were drastically affected by Durant for either good or for bad. But how would these players' and teams' pasts and futures be different if Kevin Durant didn't join the Warriors?
To not overcomplicate things, lets assume Durant did not join another team at all and stayed with the Thunder for these last four years. For starters, the NBA Playoffs have been significantly worse since Durant joined the Warriors. KD threw the league balance away at the top and the Warriors dominated in the playoffs when fully healthy.
The expectations and playoff predictions were nothing but the Warriors winning the championship for any honest NBA analyst or fan. And the Warriors did what everyone thought they would do when fully healthy, as they went 16-1 in the playoffs in 2017 and swept LeBron and the Cavs in the finals the very next year.
If Durant had stayed with OKC, it's safe to say the top of the league would have been more competitive. We could have seen better NBA Finals match-ups without pretending to be surprised or excited when the Warriors won.
Durant and Westbrook could have ran it back against the Warriors the following year with the winner getting to play LeBron and Kyrie in another epic and entertaining Finals series.
What would have happened to the Warriors if Durant hadn't joined them to stack the deck against the rest of the league? Well, one thing is for sure, the Warriors would still be squarely in the NBA Championship picture. They would still have Steph Curry coming off back-to-back regular season MVPs with All-Stars at his side in Klay Thompson and Draymond Green.
Despite their deep roster, winning another championship would be more difficult than ever. Not only was Durant's play at an all-time great level with the Warriors when it mattered most, but he also served as their security blanket. The Warriors didn't have to worry about last year's painful ending because of Durant's arrival. They knew they were too good for the rest of the league, and they played like it.
Without the arrival of Durant, it is fair to question their ability to truly recover from blowing a 3-1 lead in the NBA Finals. While the Warriors would still be in great shape to compete in those four years, they would not be guaranteed to win the title like they were with Durant. The fact is the Warriors would still be a great team, but would not be good enough to create an NBA dynasty.
Steph Curry's peak of his career was in 2015-16 with two MVPs and one NBA title. Since Durant joined, Curry hasn't been able to replicate the same kind of individual success, but in the process, he has come out with two more titles on | [
1724,
960,
476,
29928,
12391,
19941,
9280,
29907,
29901,
29871,
29946,
23857,
12699,
1763,
450,
8373,
13,
12984,
18199,
1915,
13,
29943,
473,
2440,
8020,
29892,
278,
21517,
3186,
471,
19253,
287,
746,
19323,
27714,
8459,
304,
5988,
278,
16108,
4306,
3362,
28739,
29889,
450,
3815,
393,
750,
925,
2113,
29871,
29955,
29941,
8090,
322,
2996,
263,
2846,
13582,
3448,
515,
1250,
304,
1250,
8064,
9981,
925,
8794,
697,
310,
278,
1900,
10769,
297,
278,
13225,
29889,
13,
797,
278,
11405,
8236,
304,
278,
26188,
29892,
278,
3362,
28739,
892,
697,
310,
278,
7853,
3246,
304,
2982,
27714,
29892,
541,
1634,
272,
2153,
322,
24909,
394,
9345,
18918,
287,
278,
17837,
393,
263,
4847,
310,
27714,
29915,
29879,
2107,
2264,
1033,
10075,
5967,
278,
871,
23272,
895,
540,
750,
3926,
5318,
363,
304,
263,
17055,
3815,
29889,
2860,
599,
29892,
278,
3362,
28739,
750,
16235,
278,
498,
5062,
297,
278,
10504,
16377,
9550,
29879,
1156,
6421,
1250,
515,
263,
29871,
29941,
29899,
29896,
822,
293,
277,
29889,
13,
17245,
29892,
599,
278,
972,
616,
471,
1925,
304,
1791,
373,
393,
285,
22279,
5468,
29871,
29946,
386,
7250,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29953,
29889,
19323,
27714,
29915,
29879,
2211,
2440,
411,
278,
3362,
28739,
892,
19341,
616,
8679,
373,
825,
2924,
310,
13524,
470,
1584,
4847,
366,
5193,
304,
29889,
2180,
278,
931,
29892,
14332,
6140,
304,
26277,
27714,
363,
22960,
385,
599,
29899,
2230,
2107,
3815,
322,
17452,
278,
13225,
17346,
714,
310,
1797,
29889,
13,
23036,
27714,
29915,
29879,
10608,
29892,
278,
3362,
28739,
505,
7773,
2164,
385,
21517,
22337,
29891,
411,
5320,
7812,
21517,
9550,
29879,
21712,
322,
2211,
8064,
9981,
297,
3023,
2440,
29889,
27714,
3897,
385,
21517,
8064,
363,
278,
937,
931,
297,
670,
6413,
322,
20591,
1023,
9550,
29879,
341,
18510,
29879,
304,
12725,
670,
2107,
2264,
373,
278,
24842,
7408,
297,
278,
3186,
29889,
13,
1576,
10879,
393,
27714,
29915,
29879,
10608,
756,
750,
373,
278,
13225,
338,
563,
11344,
2197,
2600,
618,
29889,
9134,
278,
4940,
322,
3105,
1973,
310,
21517,
23272,
4637,
763,
278,
498,
5062,
29892,
3362,
28739,
29892,
8027,
1691,
29892,
20354,
29879,
29892,
322,
365,
21079,
505,
1063,
20365,
28482,
491,
19323,
27714,
297,
697,
982,
470,
1790,
29889,
13,
16213,
10769,
29915,
2562,
414,
763,
951,
29933,
1617,
5011,
29892,
27265,
10837,
719,
29892,
20679,
3122,
6729,
554,
29892,
322,
3739,
5122,
892,
4192,
579,
1711,
15201,
491,
27714,
363,
2845,
1781,
470,
363,
4319,
29889,
1205,
920,
723,
1438,
10769,
29915,
322,
10907,
29915,
4940,
29879,
322,
3105,
1973,
367,
1422,
565,
19323,
27714,
3282,
29915,
29873,
5988,
278,
3362,
28739,
29973,
13,
1762,
451,
975,
2388,
5926,
2712,
29892,
16869,
5251,
27714,
1258,
451,
5988,
1790,
3815,
472,
599,
322,
27661,
411,
278,
498,
5062,
363,
1438,
1833,
3023,
2440,
29889,
1152,
5810,
2153,
29892,
278,
21517,
7412,
22450,
505,
1063,
16951,
15029,
1951,
27714,
8772,
278,
3362,
28739,
29889,
476,
29928,
18318,
278,
13225,
17346,
3448,
472,
278,
2246,
322,
278,
3362,
28739,
8022,
630,
297,
278,
1708,
22450,
746,
8072,
9045,
29891,
29889,
13,
1576,
2149,
800,
322,
1708,
2696,
27303,
892,
3078,
541,
278,
3362,
28739,
15613,
278,
22401,
363,
738,
15993,
21517,
3483,
858,
470,
13524,
29889,
1126,
278,
3362,
28739,
1258,
825,
14332,
2714,
896,
723,
437,
746,
8072,
9045,
29891,
29892,
408,
896,
3512,
29871,
29896,
29953,
29899,
29896,
297,
278,
1708,
22450,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
322,
7901,
415,
951,
29933,
1617,
322,
278,
20354,
29879,
297,
278,
2186,
29879,
278,
1407,
2446,
1629,
29889,
13,
3644,
27714,
750,
27661,
411,
9280,
29907,
29892,
372,
29915,
29879,
9109,
304,
1827,
278,
2246,
310,
278,
13225,
723,
505,
1063,
901,
5100,
3321,
29889,
1334,
1033,
505,
3595,
2253,
21517,
9550,
29879,
1993,
29899,
14340,
1728,
14794,
2548,
304,
367,
18014,
470,
24173,
746,
278,
3362,
28739,
2113,
29889,
13,
29928,
332,
424,
322,
3122,
6729,
554,
1033,
505,
6350,
372,
1250,
2750,
278,
3362,
28739,
278,
1494,
1629,
411,
278,
19576,
2805,
304,
1708,
951,
29933,
1617,
322,
16931,
2546,
297,
1790,
9358,
293,
322,
22684,
292,
9550,
29879,
3652,
29889,
13,
5618,
723,
505,
9559,
304,
278,
3362,
28739,
565,
27714,
27222,
29915,
29873,
8772,
963,
304,
5096,
278,
19810,
2750,
278,
1791,
310,
278,
13225,
29973,
5674,
29892,
697,
2655,
338,
363,
1854,
29892,
278,
3362,
28739,
723,
1603,
367,
6862,
368,
297,
278,
21517,
8972,
7623,
29889,
2688,
723,
1603,
505,
27265,
10837,
719,
6421,
1283,
1250,
29899,
517,
29899,
1627,
4943,
4259,
341,
18510,
29879,
411,
2178,
29899,
855,
1503,
472,
670,
2625,
297,
476,
8387,
22348,
322,
360,
764,
8315,
7646,
29889,
13,
4002,
29886,
568,
1009,
6483,
696,
2475,
29892,
15613,
1790,
22401,
723,
367,
901,
5189,
1135,
3926,
29889,
2216,
871,
471,
27714,
29915,
29879,
1708,
472,
385,
599,
29899,
2230,
2107,
3233,
411,
278,
3362,
28739,
746,
372,
4383,
287,
1556,
29892,
541,
540,
884,
6766,
408,
1009,
6993,
9654,
300,
29889,
450,
3362,
28739,
3282,
29915,
29873,
505,
304,
15982,
1048,
1833,
1629,
29915,
29879,
6788,
1319,
17140,
1363,
310,
27714,
29915,
29879,
18517,
29889,
2688,
6363,
896,
892,
2086,
1781,
363,
278,
1791,
310,
278,
13225,
29892,
322,
896,
5318,
763,
372,
29889,
13,
3047,
449,
278,
18517,
310,
27714,
29892,
372,
338,
6534,
304,
1139,
1009,
11509,
304,
19781,
9792,
515,
13031,
292,
263,
29871,
29941,
29899,
29896,
3275,
297,
278,
21517,
9550,
29879,
29889,
5806,
278,
3362,
28739,
723,
1603,
367,
297,
2107,
8267,
304,
752,
2650,
297,
1906,
3023,
2440,
29892,
896,
723,
451,
367,
22688,
304,
5401,
278,
3611,
763,
896,
892,
411,
27714,
29889,
450,
2114,
338,
278,
3362,
28739,
723,
1603,
367,
263,
2107,
3815,
29892,
541,
723,
451,
367,
1781,
3307,
304,
1653,
385,
21517,
22337,
29891,
29889,
13,
7789,
561,
10837,
719,
29915,
29879,
19224,
310,
670,
6413,
471,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29945,
29899,
29896,
29953,
411,
1023,
341,
18510,
29879,
322,
697,
21517,
3611,
29889,
4001,
27714,
8772,
29892,
10837,
719,
22602,
29915,
29873,
1063,
2221,
304,
1634,
5926,
278,
1021,
2924,
310,
5375,
2551,
29892,
541,
297,
278,
1889,
29892,
540,
756,
2041,
714,
411,
1023,
901,
17735,
373
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.674585 | -0.158984 | 0.50491 | 0.057932 |
his resume.
Without Durant, Curry would have been able to put up MVP numbers and be the clear cut best player and leader of the Warriors. In fact, his legacy could have reached new heights if he had been able to avenge 2016 by winning a title and Finals MVP over LeBron's Cavs. Without Durant, Curry would have had the chance to create an all-time great narrative and cement his legacy as a top 10 great in the history of the NBA.
On the flip side, Curry also could have not been able to get it done against either the Cavs or Thunder moving forward, and his resume would be stuck with one championship without a finals MVP that he deserved.
The Oklahoma City Thunder have been through a lot since Kevin Durant left. Westbrook averaged a triple-double for three straight seasons and won an MVP the year after KD left. Paul George was traded to OKC after Westbrook's MVP season to form one of the league's best duos.
Unfortunately, the duo was never able to get out of the first round of the playoffs for the two years they were together. Now OKC has turned in Westbrook and George for a truckload of future assets to rebuild. While they are still competitive this season with Chris Paul at the helm, their future lies in their ability to draft well moving forward into the 2020s.
The question remains if KD stayed in OKC, would he and Westbrook win a championship in those four years? The two main barriers in their way would obviously be the Cavs and the Warriors. Despite their WCF loss, the following year would be the Thunder's best shot to overcome the Warriors.
The Warriors would be demoralized from the previous NBA Finals loss and Durant and Westbrook would be entering the best years of their careers. Sure some of this can be due to circumstance and the fact that they didn't have each other to hold them back from individual greatness. Even still, Durant took steps on the defensive side of the basketball to improve as an overall player, and he showed a killer instinct on the biggest stage.
Westbrook wouldn't be able to become as great as he was without Durant, but all of his efforts would be to a championship cause rather than a statistically great season. The Thunder did have an all-time great team down 3-1, so it's not too far fetched to suggest they could have defeated the Warriors and Cavs in the following years.
Durant winning a ring with OKC and a Finals MVP would also boost his legacy more than two championships in Golden State because he would have outplayed Curry and Lebron to get the title instead of playing with Curry to beat Lebron. So if Durant stayed with OKC, what would happen to Paul George and the Indiana Pacers.
In a recent interview, George suggested that the Pacers had a chance to trade for the "best big in the league". Nobody knows who George was referring to for sure, but could it have been the likes of Anthony Davis? Maybe the Pacers go forward with the trade if Durant stays and the landscape of the league doesn't seem overpowered by one team.
Another option for George would be to officially go to Los Angeles and join the Lakers. Either way, the George and Westbrook duo would have never happened and both players could have had a better career legacy if chips had fallen a different way.
LeBron James has been the player who has suffered the most because of the Golden State superteam. Despite getting blown out both times, LeBron has been the best player on the floor by averaging a triple-double in the 2017 Finals and putting together one of the greatest individual playoff runs of all time in 2018.
The Warriors' firepower has simply been too much for even him to defeat. But what would happen to Lebron James if Durant stayed in OKC? LeBron James and the Cavs were coming off the greatest championship the sport has ever seen. LeBron fulfilled his destiny by bringing a long-awaited championship to Clevland in all-time great fashion by beating the Warriors in three straight games to clinch the title.
Moving forward, the Cavs would be the favorites to win the championship again as there would be no super team in Golden State. The Cavs would have done exactly what they did in real life to the Eastern Conference; decimating them with their big three and an even more motivated LeBron James.
James would be highly motivated | [
670,
620,
2017,
29889,
13,
3047,
449,
27714,
29892,
10837,
719,
723,
505,
1063,
2221,
304,
1925,
701,
341,
18510,
3694,
322,
367,
278,
2821,
5700,
1900,
4847,
322,
11822,
310,
278,
3362,
28739,
29889,
512,
2114,
29892,
670,
25000,
1033,
505,
7450,
716,
3171,
29879,
565,
540,
750,
1063,
2221,
304,
263,
854,
479,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29953,
491,
15613,
263,
3611,
322,
9550,
29879,
341,
18510,
975,
951,
29933,
1617,
29915,
29879,
20354,
29879,
29889,
13932,
27714,
29892,
10837,
719,
723,
505,
750,
278,
8825,
304,
1653,
385,
599,
29899,
2230,
2107,
15474,
1230,
322,
274,
882,
670,
25000,
408,
263,
2246,
29871,
29896,
29900,
2107,
297,
278,
4955,
310,
278,
21517,
29889,
13,
2951,
278,
285,
3466,
2625,
29892,
10837,
719,
884,
1033,
505,
451,
1063,
2221,
304,
679,
372,
2309,
2750,
2845,
278,
20354,
29879,
470,
498,
5062,
8401,
6375,
29892,
322,
670,
620,
2017,
723,
367,
10771,
411,
697,
22401,
1728,
263,
2186,
29879,
341,
18510,
393,
540,
553,
9841,
29889,
13,
1576,
27879,
4412,
498,
5062,
505,
1063,
1549,
263,
3287,
1951,
19323,
27714,
2175,
29889,
3122,
6729,
554,
4759,
4063,
263,
21954,
29899,
8896,
363,
2211,
7812,
20084,
322,
2113,
385,
341,
18510,
278,
1629,
1156,
476,
29928,
2175,
29889,
3739,
5122,
471,
3534,
287,
304,
9280,
29907,
1156,
3122,
6729,
554,
29915,
29879,
341,
18510,
4259,
304,
883,
697,
310,
278,
13225,
29915,
29879,
1900,
868,
359,
29889,
13,
2525,
7524,
29892,
278,
868,
29877,
471,
2360,
2221,
304,
679,
714,
310,
278,
937,
4513,
310,
278,
1708,
22450,
363,
278,
1023,
2440,
896,
892,
4208,
29889,
2567,
9280,
29907,
756,
6077,
297,
3122,
6729,
554,
322,
5122,
363,
263,
534,
2707,
1359,
310,
5434,
21608,
304,
337,
4282,
29889,
5806,
896,
526,
1603,
5100,
3321,
445,
4259,
411,
12821,
3739,
472,
278,
1081,
29885,
29892,
1009,
5434,
12185,
297,
1009,
11509,
304,
18195,
1532,
8401,
6375,
964,
278,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29900,
29879,
29889,
13,
1576,
1139,
9242,
565,
476,
29928,
27661,
297,
9280,
29907,
29892,
723,
540,
322,
3122,
6729,
554,
5401,
263,
22401,
297,
1906,
3023,
2440,
29973,
450,
1023,
1667,
2594,
26536,
297,
1009,
982,
723,
12879,
367,
278,
20354,
29879,
322,
278,
3362,
28739,
29889,
19454,
1009,
29101,
6410,
29892,
278,
1494,
1629,
723,
367,
278,
498,
5062,
29915,
29879,
1900,
10322,
304,
25688,
278,
3362,
28739,
29889,
13,
1576,
3362,
28739,
723,
367,
1261,
11251,
1891,
515,
278,
3517,
21517,
9550,
29879,
6410,
322,
27714,
322,
3122,
6729,
554,
723,
367,
18055,
278,
1900,
2440,
310,
1009,
2562,
414,
29889,
18585,
777,
310,
445,
508,
367,
2861,
304,
11708,
749,
322,
278,
2114,
393,
896,
3282,
29915,
29873,
505,
1269,
916,
304,
4808,
963,
1250,
515,
5375,
2107,
2264,
29889,
7753,
1603,
29892,
27714,
3614,
6576,
373,
278,
822,
6270,
2625,
310,
278,
20305,
304,
11157,
408,
385,
12463,
4847,
29892,
322,
540,
10018,
263,
413,
5495,
26508,
373,
278,
24842,
7408,
29889,
13,
16128,
6729,
554,
7656,
29915,
29873,
367,
2221,
304,
4953,
408,
2107,
408,
540,
471,
1728,
27714,
29892,
541,
599,
310,
670,
14231,
723,
367,
304,
263,
22401,
4556,
3265,
1135,
263,
12997,
1711,
2107,
4259,
29889,
450,
498,
5062,
1258,
505,
385,
599,
29899,
2230,
2107,
3815,
1623,
29871,
29941,
29899,
29896,
29892,
577,
372,
29915,
29879,
451,
2086,
2215,
6699,
287,
304,
4368,
896,
1033,
505,
16235,
278,
3362,
28739,
322,
20354,
29879,
297,
278,
1494,
2440,
29889,
13,
29928,
332,
424,
15613,
263,
9228,
411,
9280,
29907,
322,
263,
9550,
29879,
341,
18510,
723,
884,
14505,
670,
25000,
901,
1135,
1023,
8064,
9981,
297,
16108,
4306,
1363,
540,
723,
505,
714,
1456,
287,
10837,
719,
322,
9388,
1617,
304,
679,
278,
3611,
2012,
310,
8743,
411,
10837,
719,
304,
16646,
9388,
1617,
29889,
1105,
565,
27714,
27661,
411,
9280,
29907,
29892,
825,
723,
3799,
304,
3739,
5122,
322,
278,
21817,
9790,
414,
29889,
13,
797,
263,
7786,
15593,
29892,
5122,
7829,
393,
278,
9790,
414,
750,
263,
8825,
304,
11302,
363,
278,
376,
13318,
4802,
297,
278,
13225,
1642,
15706,
1486,
9906,
1058,
5122,
471,
16811,
304,
363,
1854,
29892,
541,
1033,
372,
505,
1063,
278,
4188,
267,
310,
16477,
15225,
29973,
7198,
278,
9790,
414,
748,
6375,
411,
278,
11302,
565,
27714,
27111,
322,
278,
24400,
310,
278,
13225,
1838,
29915,
29873,
2833,
975,
13519,
287,
491,
697,
3815,
29889,
13,
2744,
1228,
2984,
363,
5122,
723,
367,
304,
22444,
748,
304,
4602,
10722,
322,
5988,
278,
365,
21079,
29889,
20370,
982,
29892,
278,
5122,
322,
3122,
6729,
554,
868,
29877,
723,
505,
2360,
9559,
322,
1716,
10769,
1033,
505,
750,
263,
2253,
6413,
25000,
565,
521,
4512,
750,
19225,
263,
1422,
982,
29889,
13,
3226,
29933,
1617,
5011,
756,
1063,
278,
4847,
1058,
756,
17654,
278,
1556,
1363,
310,
278,
16108,
4306,
2428,
14318,
29889,
19454,
2805,
13031,
29876,
714,
1716,
3064,
29892,
951,
29933,
1617,
756,
1063,
278,
1900,
4847,
373,
278,
11904,
491,
4759,
6751,
263,
21954,
29899,
8896,
297,
278,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
9550,
29879,
322,
10594,
4208,
697,
310,
278,
14176,
5375,
1708,
2696,
6057,
310,
599,
931,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29947,
29889,
13,
1576,
3362,
28739,
29915,
3974,
13519,
756,
3763,
1063,
2086,
1568,
363,
1584,
1075,
304,
20653,
29889,
1205,
825,
723,
3799,
304,
9388,
1617,
5011,
565,
27714,
27661,
297,
9280,
29907,
29973,
951,
29933,
1617,
5011,
322,
278,
20354,
29879,
892,
6421,
1283,
278,
14176,
22401,
278,
7980,
756,
3926,
3595,
29889,
951,
29933,
1617,
6095,
26940,
670,
2731,
4901,
491,
20794,
263,
1472,
29899,
20675,
287,
22401,
304,
315,
2608,
1049,
297,
599,
29899,
2230,
2107,
13460,
491,
367,
1218,
278,
3362,
28739,
297,
2211,
7812,
8090,
304,
1067,
22466,
278,
3611,
29889,
13,
29924,
21081,
6375,
29892,
278,
20354,
29879,
723,
367,
278,
7853,
3246,
304,
5401,
278,
22401,
1449,
408,
727,
723,
367,
694,
2428,
3815,
297,
16108,
4306,
29889,
450,
20354,
29879,
723,
505,
2309,
3721,
825,
896,
1258,
297,
1855,
2834,
304,
278,
16162,
16377,
29936,
1602,
326,
1218,
963,
411,
1009,
4802,
2211,
322,
385,
1584,
901,
17385,
630,
951,
29933,
1617,
5011,
29889,
13,
29470,
723,
367,
10712,
17385,
630
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.358047 | 0.06683 | 0.50491 | -0.128005 |
to keep winning in Cleveland because he would recognize the opportunity to repeat and even threepeat, which is something he couldn't do in Miami. In the Finals, the Cavs would either face the Warriors or Thunder and be favored to defeat both. If Lebron put up a great performance, as he did in the 2017 Finals, the Cavs would have been in another competitive Finals series.
The Warriors vs Cavs could have become a classic rivalry with one all-time great on each side and supporting stars to aid them. Or LeBron vs Durant could have become an incredible head-to-head duel with the outcome depending on which player was better and not which team around them was better.
Either way, Lebron would not only have had a chance to win more than three championships, but he would have also been looked at as the GOAT if he delivered. The incredible stats and moments he put up in 2017-18 would be accompanied by a championship instead of a Finals loss.
How would Kyrie's future with Lebron change if they were able to win back-to-back championships? It's safe to say that if they came up short against the Warriors or Thunder, Kyrie would have most likely requested a trade and would have been shipped to Boston as he was in real life. However, if they won another championship, would Kyrie really want to leave Lebron's side just to lead his own team?
Let's say he didn't request a trade, Boston could have had Isaiah Thomas paired with Tatum and Brown to compete in the East. Even if they still did trade Thomas, Boston could have received assets that would have helped them long term as Kyrie left after two years. Additionally, Lebron winning multiple rings with the Cavs would have most likely meant that LABron would be just a figment of the imagination.
The Lakers' future would change without the acquisition of LeBron. They could have Paul George, as he wouldn't be on OKC, and they could keep the young core of Lonzo, Ingram, and Kuzma. Even though this future isn't a bad look, the Lakers should be happy Durant joined the Warriors as they are competing for a championship because of Lebron and Anthony Davis.
A couple of other teams that were directly affected were the Rockets and Spurs. The Rockets have spent the last few years doing everything they possibly can to beat the Warriors at their own game but have come up short every time. They nearly did it in 2018 by pushing the Warriors to seven games and were at one point holding a 3-2 lead over them.
With the Western Conference more competitive due to the lack of a superteam, could the Rockets have gotten over the hump? First of all, with no superteam standing in their way, Daryl Morey might not have felt the need to trade for Chris Paul. No second star with James Harden would make it very difficult to overcome the Warriors or Thunder, but if the trade had happened, the Rockets would have been in excellent shape to make a title run.
Two years after Durant's hypothetical decision to stay in OKC, there would be three evenly matched teams at the top of the Western Conference vying for a shot at the Cavs in the Finals. Even though the Rockets could have had an even better shot, they still could have just as easily fallen short because of Harden's inability to close a big game.
By far one of the most impacted teams by the Durant move was the Spurs and Kawhi Leonard. Let's go back to 2017 when the Warriors and Spurs faced off in the WCF. Kawhi got hurt in game 1 as Zaza Pachulia stepped under Kawhi's foot when he was landing after a jump shot from the corner of the court. That injury changed everything for Kawhi and the Spurs, as he demanded a trade and refused to play for the team in the following year.
From there, Kahwi has impacted both the Raptors and the Clippers organizations, but what would the future and the past look like for those teams and Kahwi if he never got hurt in that game because the game never took place? The Spurs would have had Kawhi, who continues to improve his game year after year.
San Antonio would have challenged the top teams in the West and Kawhi would have had trust in the Spurs organization for years to come. The Spurs-Raptors trade would never have taken place; meaning the Raptors would not be 2019 NBA Champions and | [
304,
3013,
15613,
297,
27249,
1363,
540,
723,
18720,
278,
15130,
304,
12312,
322,
1584,
2211,
11666,
29892,
607,
338,
1554,
540,
8496,
29915,
29873,
437,
297,
23740,
29889,
512,
278,
9550,
29879,
29892,
278,
20354,
29879,
723,
2845,
3700,
278,
3362,
28739,
470,
498,
5062,
322,
367,
5025,
4395,
304,
20653,
1716,
29889,
960,
9388,
1617,
1925,
701,
263,
2107,
4180,
29892,
408,
540,
1258,
297,
278,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
9550,
29879,
29892,
278,
20354,
29879,
723,
505,
1063,
297,
1790,
5100,
3321,
9550,
29879,
3652,
29889,
13,
1576,
3362,
28739,
7186,
20354,
29879,
1033,
505,
4953,
263,
22037,
17055,
719,
411,
697,
599,
29899,
2230,
2107,
373,
1269,
2625,
322,
20382,
10819,
304,
16226,
963,
29889,
1394,
951,
29933,
1617,
7186,
27714,
1033,
505,
4953,
385,
29811,
1821,
2343,
29899,
517,
29899,
2813,
868,
295,
411,
278,
21957,
8679,
373,
607,
4847,
471,
2253,
322,
451,
607,
3815,
2820,
963,
471,
2253,
29889,
13,
29923,
2121,
982,
29892,
9388,
1617,
723,
451,
871,
505,
750,
263,
8825,
304,
5401,
901,
1135,
2211,
8064,
9981,
29892,
541,
540,
723,
505,
884,
1063,
5148,
472,
408,
278,
21947,
1299,
565,
540,
20115,
29889,
450,
29811,
1821,
22663,
322,
19462,
540,
1925,
701,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29899,
29896,
29947,
723,
367,
21302,
491,
263,
22401,
2012,
310,
263,
9550,
29879,
6410,
29889,
13,
5328,
723,
16931,
2546,
29915,
29879,
5434,
411,
9388,
1617,
1735,
565,
896,
892,
2221,
304,
5401,
1250,
29899,
517,
29899,
1627,
8064,
9981,
29973,
739,
29915,
29879,
9109,
304,
1827,
393,
565,
896,
2996,
701,
3273,
2750,
278,
3362,
28739,
470,
498,
5062,
29892,
16931,
2546,
723,
505,
1556,
5517,
13877,
263,
11302,
322,
723,
505,
1063,
528,
16242,
304,
12115,
408,
540,
471,
297,
1855,
2834,
29889,
2398,
29892,
565,
896,
2113,
1790,
22401,
29892,
723,
16931,
2546,
2289,
864,
304,
5967,
9388,
1617,
29915,
29879,
2625,
925,
304,
3275,
670,
1914,
3815,
29973,
13,
12024,
29915,
29879,
1827,
540,
3282,
29915,
29873,
2009,
263,
11302,
29892,
12115,
1033,
505,
750,
19899,
21071,
5569,
3300,
2859,
411,
323,
21048,
322,
9817,
304,
752,
2650,
297,
278,
6932,
29889,
7753,
565,
896,
1603,
1258,
11302,
5569,
29892,
12115,
1033,
505,
4520,
21608,
393,
723,
505,
9213,
963,
1472,
1840,
408,
16931,
2546,
2175,
1156,
1023,
2440,
29889,
19814,
29892,
9388,
1617,
15613,
2999,
28774,
411,
278,
20354,
29879,
723,
505,
1556,
5517,
6839,
393,
365,
2882,
1617,
723,
367,
925,
263,
2537,
358,
310,
278,
28038,
29889,
13,
1576,
365,
21079,
29915,
5434,
723,
1735,
1728,
278,
1274,
23493,
310,
951,
29933,
1617,
29889,
2688,
1033,
505,
3739,
5122,
29892,
408,
540,
7656,
29915,
29873,
367,
373,
9280,
29907,
29892,
322,
896,
1033,
3013,
278,
4123,
7136,
310,
365,
265,
2502,
29892,
512,
1393,
29892,
322,
476,
3365,
655,
29889,
7753,
2466,
445,
5434,
3508,
29915,
29873,
263,
4319,
1106,
29892,
278,
365,
21079,
881,
367,
9796,
27714,
8772,
278,
3362,
28739,
408,
896,
526,
5100,
292,
363,
263,
22401,
1363,
310,
9388,
1617,
322,
16477,
15225,
29889,
13,
29909,
7303,
310,
916,
10907,
393,
892,
4153,
15201,
892,
278,
8027,
1691,
322,
1706,
1295,
29889,
450,
8027,
1691,
505,
10398,
278,
1833,
2846,
2440,
2599,
4129,
896,
10075,
508,
304,
16646,
278,
3362,
28739,
472,
1009,
1914,
3748,
541,
505,
2041,
701,
3273,
1432,
931,
29889,
2688,
8886,
1258,
372,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29947,
491,
27556,
278,
3362,
28739,
304,
9881,
8090,
322,
892,
472,
697,
1298,
13587,
263,
29871,
29941,
29899,
29906,
3275,
975,
963,
29889,
13,
3047,
278,
10504,
16377,
901,
5100,
3321,
2861,
304,
278,
10225,
310,
263,
2428,
14318,
29892,
1033,
278,
8027,
1691,
505,
2355,
841,
975,
278,
3165,
29886,
29973,
3824,
310,
599,
29892,
411,
694,
2428,
14318,
13407,
297,
1009,
982,
29892,
360,
653,
29880,
5853,
29891,
1795,
451,
505,
7091,
278,
817,
304,
11302,
363,
12821,
3739,
29889,
1939,
1473,
5810,
411,
5011,
379,
7879,
723,
1207,
372,
1407,
5189,
304,
25688,
278,
3362,
28739,
470,
498,
5062,
29892,
541,
565,
278,
11302,
750,
9559,
29892,
278,
8027,
1691,
723,
505,
1063,
297,
15129,
8267,
304,
1207,
263,
3611,
1065,
29889,
13,
13985,
2440,
1156,
27714,
29915,
29879,
13752,
300,
936,
10608,
304,
7952,
297,
9280,
29907,
29892,
727,
723,
367,
2211,
1584,
368,
19228,
10907,
472,
278,
2246,
310,
278,
10504,
16377,
325,
5414,
363,
263,
10322,
472,
278,
20354,
29879,
297,
278,
9550,
29879,
29889,
7753,
2466,
278,
8027,
1691,
1033,
505,
750,
385,
1584,
2253,
10322,
29892,
896,
1603,
1033,
505,
925,
408,
5948,
19225,
3273,
1363,
310,
379,
7879,
29915,
29879,
297,
3097,
304,
3802,
263,
4802,
3748,
29889,
13,
2059,
2215,
697,
310,
278,
1556,
10879,
287,
10907,
491,
278,
27714,
4337,
471,
278,
1706,
1295,
322,
13680,
1332,
29875,
26921,
29889,
2803,
29915,
29879,
748,
1250,
304,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
746,
278,
3362,
28739,
322,
1706,
1295,
20050,
1283,
297,
278,
29101,
29889,
13680,
1332,
29875,
2355,
21682,
297,
3748,
29871,
29896,
408,
796,
19924,
349,
496,
352,
423,
28996,
1090,
13680,
1332,
29875,
29915,
29879,
3661,
746,
540,
471,
25325,
1156,
263,
12500,
10322,
515,
278,
11155,
310,
278,
8973,
29889,
2193,
24092,
3939,
4129,
363,
13680,
1332,
29875,
322,
278,
1706,
1295,
29892,
408,
540,
24432,
263,
11302,
322,
15964,
304,
1708,
363,
278,
3815,
297,
278,
1494,
1629,
29889,
13,
4591,
727,
29892,
476,
801,
4353,
756,
10879,
287,
1716,
278,
390,
2156,
943,
322,
278,
315,
492,
22437,
25700,
29892,
541,
825,
723,
278,
5434,
322,
278,
4940,
1106,
763,
363,
1906,
10907,
322,
476,
801,
4353,
565,
540,
2360,
2355,
21682,
297,
393,
3748,
1363,
278,
3748,
2360,
3614,
2058,
29973,
450,
1706,
1295,
723,
505,
750,
13680,
1332,
29875,
29892,
1058,
18172,
304,
11157,
670,
3748,
1629,
1156,
1629,
29889,
13,
22509,
9630,
723,
505,
18066,
287,
278,
2246,
10907,
297,
278,
3122,
322,
13680,
1332,
29875,
723,
505,
750,
9311,
297,
278,
1706,
1295,
13013,
363,
2440,
304,
2041,
29889,
450,
1706,
1295,
29899,
29934,
2156,
943,
11302,
723,
2360,
505,
4586,
2058,
29936,
6593,
278,
390,
2156,
943,
723,
451,
367,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29929,
21517,
22036,
322
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.458578 | 0.036981 | 0.549741 | 0.006072 |
A Three-Year
There's a lot of ground to cover over the course of our three-year model to empower Fellows to research, select, and pursue their postsecondary credential of choice. Each year's lessons have been created to help Fellows set and meet academic and personal milestones, whether identifying the importance of identity representation at an institution or completing FAFSA.
Year One:
Junior Year of High School
Students are placed in a cohort of approximately 25-30 Fellows and begin taking a credit-bearing OneGoal class in person, remotely, or in a hybrid model depending on their school's structure. Participating in the Online Fellow Experience, they will:
Explore personal identity, professional aspirations, and a positive sense of self
Research career and postsecondary pathways aligned with their goals
Build on academic skills to bolster their GPA and SAT/ACT scores
Develop personal statements, leveraging the power of storytelling
Stories from Year One
"I was initially indifferent about college, I was just trying to go to community college and get it over with. … OneGoal gave me a better understanding of how I can get to where I want to go. It's not, 'You can't go there because your grades are low.' I can be more than what I thought."
Celinette Valentin
OneGoal Fellow, Massachusetts
"One thing that you don't see much of in my community is college graduates. So for me, it was natural that I hadn't considered college before. OneGoal absolutely opened my mind to what was possible and exposed me to so many careers that I had never before considered."
Destiny Domeneck
OneGoal Fellow, New York
"I realized that I needed to turn things around when I joined OneGoal and learned how large the gap was in college graduation between high-income and low-income communities. It suddenly dawned on me that in feeling apathetic about my education, I was being a participant in my own oppression."
Mary Morel
Year Two:
Senior Year of High School
Fellows continue through the Online Fellow Experience with their cohort for a second year. Year Two is crucial as it is when Fellows investigate, decide on, and enroll in their path after high school. Throughout the year they will:
Complete applications to college and other postsecondary programs
Reflect on how their identity will impact their postsecondary experience
Weigh school options based on professional aspirations, personal values, and financial aid support
Choose their postsecondary pathway and begin the enrollment process
Stories from Year Two
"I wanted to have all the information in front of me before I narrowed down my college choice. You accepted me? Cool, now show me how you're going to help me pay to attend. I can afford you? Great, now show me that you have a diverse environment that will welcome a Black man onto your campus."
Patrick Ben
OneGoal Fellow, Chicago
"I was so excited the day that I received my first scholarship award letter from CITGO STEM for $1,000! I framed it and hung it up in my room, and every time I see it, I'm just overwhelmed with pride. This let me know that let me know college was truly in reach. And my Program Director Mrs. Fain was there with me step by step."
May Al-Maliki
OneGoal Fellow, Houston
"When it was announced that I had won a $10,000 scholarship, I thought I was in a movie and the whole ordeal was a joke. I hadn't won any of the 25 scholarships I had applied to beforehand, so this news was extremely surprising. The experience solidified in my mind that you should always apply for scholarships."
Alexiea Feaster
"Within the OneGoal classroom, we learned to pick each other up at our lowest moments and applaud every success. I learned to confide and rely on other students, and for someone like me who solely depended on herself, that was a big deal. To this day, I can call anyone from my cohort for support."
Year Three:
First Year of Postsecondary Pathway
Program Directors continue to support the same cohort of Fellows remotely for one full year following their high school graduation. Additionally, Fellows are connected to on-campus supports and empowered to lean on the non-cognitive skills, such | [
319,
12753,
29899,
12883,
13,
8439,
29915,
29879,
263,
3287,
310,
5962,
304,
4612,
975,
278,
3236,
310,
1749,
2211,
29899,
6360,
1904,
304,
3710,
1680,
383,
514,
1242,
304,
5925,
29892,
1831,
29892,
322,
12359,
434,
1009,
1400,
7496,
653,
6625,
2556,
310,
7348,
29889,
7806,
1629,
29915,
29879,
3109,
787,
505,
1063,
2825,
304,
1371,
383,
514,
1242,
731,
322,
5870,
21567,
322,
7333,
2316,
342,
2873,
29892,
3692,
2893,
9215,
278,
13500,
310,
10110,
8954,
472,
385,
12666,
470,
1614,
1259,
383,
5098,
8132,
29889,
13,
12883,
3118,
29901,
13,
29967,
348,
1611,
8905,
310,
5057,
4523,
13,
855,
566,
1237,
526,
7180,
297,
263,
16165,
441,
310,
14235,
29871,
29906,
29945,
29899,
29941,
29900,
383,
514,
1242,
322,
3380,
5622,
263,
16200,
29899,
29890,
799,
292,
3118,
8120,
284,
770,
297,
2022,
29892,
1083,
327,
873,
29892,
470,
297,
263,
7498,
19515,
1904,
8679,
373,
1009,
3762,
29915,
29879,
3829,
29889,
3455,
12654,
1218,
297,
278,
13542,
25940,
28224,
5597,
29892,
896,
674,
29901,
13,
1252,
572,
487,
7333,
10110,
29892,
10257,
7051,
381,
800,
29892,
322,
263,
6374,
4060,
310,
1583,
13,
1666,
2842,
6413,
322,
1400,
7496,
653,
2224,
1994,
26118,
411,
1009,
14433,
13,
8893,
373,
21567,
25078,
304,
15772,
2475,
1009,
402,
7228,
322,
317,
1299,
29914,
17923,
19435,
13,
21956,
7333,
9506,
29892,
26610,
6751,
278,
3081,
310,
5828,
29873,
7807,
13,
855,
3842,
515,
8905,
3118,
13,
29908,
29902,
471,
12919,
1399,
15622,
1048,
12755,
29892,
306,
471,
925,
1811,
304,
748,
304,
7881,
12755,
322,
679,
372,
975,
411,
29889,
16088,
3118,
8120,
284,
4846,
592,
263,
2253,
8004,
310,
920,
306,
508,
679,
304,
988,
306,
864,
304,
748,
29889,
739,
29915,
29879,
451,
29892,
525,
3492,
508,
29915,
29873,
748,
727,
1363,
596,
867,
3076,
526,
4482,
6169,
306,
508,
367,
901,
1135,
825,
306,
2714,
1213,
13,
29907,
24446,
2353,
2630,
15440,
13,
6716,
8120,
284,
25940,
29892,
16167,
13,
29908,
6716,
2655,
393,
366,
1016,
29915,
29873,
1074,
1568,
310,
297,
590,
7881,
338,
12755,
10591,
1078,
29889,
1105,
363,
592,
29892,
372,
471,
5613,
393,
306,
27222,
29915,
29873,
5545,
12755,
1434,
29889,
3118,
8120,
284,
13312,
6496,
590,
3458,
304,
825,
471,
1950,
322,
19884,
592,
304,
577,
1784,
2562,
414,
393,
306,
750,
2360,
1434,
5545,
1213,
13,
14994,
4901,
7809,
1600,
384,
13,
6716,
8120,
284,
25940,
29892,
1570,
3088,
13,
29908,
29902,
16387,
393,
306,
4312,
304,
2507,
2712,
2820,
746,
306,
8772,
3118,
8120,
284,
322,
10972,
920,
2919,
278,
17261,
471,
297,
12755,
10591,
362,
1546,
1880,
29899,
262,
2763,
322,
4482,
29899,
262,
2763,
23507,
29889,
739,
11584,
27470,
287,
373,
592,
393,
297,
11223,
263,
2084,
7492,
1048,
590,
9793,
29892,
306,
471,
1641,
263,
5221,
424,
297,
590,
1914,
4575,
23881,
1213,
13,
29924,
653,
3879,
295,
13,
12883,
7803,
29901,
13,
29903,
264,
1611,
8905,
310,
5057,
4523,
13,
29943,
514,
1242,
6773,
1549,
278,
13542,
25940,
28224,
5597,
411,
1009,
16165,
441,
363,
263,
1473,
1629,
29889,
8905,
7803,
338,
7618,
1455,
408,
372,
338,
746,
383,
514,
1242,
23033,
29892,
11097,
373,
29892,
322,
427,
1245,
297,
1009,
2224,
1156,
1880,
3762,
29889,
17044,
449,
278,
1629,
896,
674,
29901,
13,
17813,
8324,
304,
12755,
322,
916,
1400,
7496,
653,
11104,
13,
5620,
781,
373,
920,
1009,
10110,
674,
10879,
1009,
1400,
7496,
653,
7271,
13,
4806,
1141,
3762,
3987,
2729,
373,
10257,
7051,
381,
800,
29892,
7333,
1819,
29892,
322,
18161,
16226,
2304,
13,
15954,
852,
1009,
1400,
7496,
653,
2224,
1582,
322,
3380,
278,
427,
1245,
358,
1889,
13,
855,
3842,
515,
8905,
7803,
13,
29908,
29902,
5131,
304,
505,
599,
278,
2472,
297,
4565,
310,
592,
1434,
306,
12474,
287,
1623,
590,
12755,
7348,
29889,
887,
9259,
592,
29973,
315,
1507,
29892,
1286,
1510,
592,
920,
366,
29915,
276,
2675,
304,
1371,
592,
5146,
304,
14333,
29889,
306,
508,
21750,
366,
29973,
7027,
29892,
1286,
1510,
592,
393,
366,
505,
263,
16984,
5177,
393,
674,
12853,
263,
6054,
767,
11480,
596,
24165,
1213,
13,
29925,
8141,
860,
4111,
13,
6716,
8120,
284,
25940,
29892,
10059,
13,
29908,
29902,
471,
577,
24173,
278,
2462,
393,
306,
4520,
590,
937,
21344,
3527,
9862,
5497,
515,
315,
1806,
17080,
317,
4330,
29924,
363,
395,
29896,
29892,
29900,
29900,
29900,
29991,
306,
1424,
2795,
372,
322,
18757,
372,
701,
297,
590,
5716,
29892,
322,
1432,
931,
306,
1074,
372,
29892,
306,
29915,
29885,
925,
975,
1332,
295,
2168,
411,
24967,
29889,
910,
1235,
592,
1073,
393,
1235,
592,
1073,
12755,
471,
19781,
297,
6159,
29889,
1126,
590,
7835,
15944,
6285,
29889,
383,
475,
471,
727,
411,
592,
4331,
491,
4331,
1213,
13,
12703,
838,
29899,
22995,
10058,
13,
6716,
8120,
284,
25940,
29892,
24327,
13,
29908,
10401,
372,
471,
9326,
393,
306,
750,
2113,
263,
395,
29896,
29900,
29892,
29900,
29900,
29900,
21344,
3527,
29892,
306,
2714,
306,
471,
297,
263,
14064,
322,
278,
3353,
470,
311,
284,
471,
263,
2958,
446,
29889,
306,
27222,
29915,
29873,
2113,
738,
310,
278,
29871,
29906,
29945,
21344,
9981,
306,
750,
7436,
304,
1434,
3179,
29892,
577,
445,
9763,
471,
14154,
26800,
29889,
450,
7271,
7773,
2164,
297,
590,
3458,
393,
366,
881,
2337,
3394,
363,
21344,
9981,
1213,
13,
17406,
347,
29874,
5169,
1901,
13,
29908,
3047,
262,
278,
3118,
8120,
284,
770,
8345,
29892,
591,
10972,
304,
5839,
1269,
916,
701,
472,
1749,
19604,
19462,
322,
623,
433,
566,
1432,
2551,
29889,
306,
10972,
304,
1970,
680,
322,
19104,
373,
916,
8041,
29892,
322,
363,
4856,
763,
592,
1058,
14419,
368,
1401,
2760,
373,
8735,
29892,
393,
471,
263,
4802,
5376,
29889,
1763,
445,
2462,
29892,
306,
508,
1246,
5019,
515,
590,
16165,
441,
363,
2304,
1213,
13,
12883,
12753,
29901,
13,
6730,
8905,
310,
4918,
7496,
653,
10802,
1582,
13,
9283,
8797,
943,
6773,
304,
2304,
278,
1021,
16165,
441,
310,
383,
514,
1242,
1083,
327,
873,
363,
697,
2989,
1629,
1494,
1009,
1880,
3762,
10591,
362,
29889,
19814,
29892,
383,
514,
1242,
526,
6631,
304,
373,
29899,
24821,
375,
11286,
322,
3710,
1680,
287,
304,
20793,
373,
278,
1661,
29899,
29883,
3811,
3321,
25078,
29892,
1316
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.902818 | -0.033099 | 0.181233 | 2.48523 |
[Review] DreamWorks Dragons: Dawn of New Riders (Nintendo Switch)
February 17, 2019 4:41 pm Published by sodamancer Leave your thoughts
Developer: Climax Studios
Publisher: Outright Games
Platform: Nintendo Switch
Category: Role-Playing, Adventure, Simulation & Strategy
Release Date: February 15, 2019 (EU & NA)
Once upon a time, licensed games were often ignored or overlooked by the gaming community since when you actually played them, they were generally pretty subpar games. In the early days of gaming, almost any popular franchise could end up with a video game based upon it, even those properties that you would never expect to be made into a game and marketed to children. However, there were quite a few standouts, most notably the Capcom developed Disney games.
As time went on and technology improved, we began to see an even bigger flood of licensed games, as starting with the PlayStation 2 era, devs could now create video games using art styles and graphics that looked and felt like the franchise that had inspired it. Most notably, we began to see licensed games based on franchises that were inspired directly by children's media- cartoons, movies, toys, and even books. Right around the last generation is when we started to see a marked improvement in the quality of licensed games, and that continues into this generation, although not everything is a hit.
What is essential in making a great licensed game, however, is capturing part of the magic that fosters those warm, fuzzy feelings that we all know and love from our own childhood, and current, fandoms. Dreamworks Dragons: Dawn of New Riders aims to capture that magic in the hearts of its target audience, but also crafts a familiar and pleasing experience for the older crowd as well. As a result, I ended up trading off play time between my 13 year daughter, who is a huge fan of the Dragons series, and its parent franchise How to Train your Dragon.
While Dreamworks Dragons: Dawn of New Riders roughly coincides with the release of the upcoming third How to Train your Dragon movie, The Hidden World, Climax has actually crafted a game that takes place alongside the spin-off series. This allowed them to create their own protagonist for the game, and enabled them to make a new dragon that justifies the game's mechanics. As such, any players looking forward to hopping into the Dragons universe as Hiccup or Astrid will be disappointed to find that they aren't playing as them, but they do play an important role in the story.
Hiccup takes on the role of main quest giver, and Astrid plays the role of potion merchant. Gobber the Belch also shows up as your blacksmith for weapon improvements. As could be inferred from these revelations, Dragons: Dawn of New Riders has some light role-playing elements, but they are well integrated and don't bog down the gameplay by requiring the same level of micromanagement that the genre and its mechanics tend to bring to the table. Dragons: Dawn of New Riders is an action adventure game. While the game is 3D, it utilizes the top down view similar to that found in classic 2D Zelda games, unless you're flying between islands, at which case it switches to a third person perspective.
The story in Dragons: Dawn of the New Riders opens up with Hiccup patrolling the skies on Toothless, and seeing a large plume of smoke, descends to Havenholme Island to find the cause of the problem. After landing and finding the town in burning ruins, Hiccup happens upon an outsider that can't seem to remember anything about themselves, whom he dubs Scribbler based on some writing in a book that he holds and a mysterious dragon egg. Hiccup hears a roar in the distance, and goes to investigate.
One of the suspected culprits of the town fire comes on screen and explodes a smoke bomb, escaping with the egg. You then grab an axe and shield from nearby chests that Hiccup told you to use in case you need to defend the egg, and while in pursuit of the bandit, you run across a screen where an enemy spawns and you get your first couple of combat tutorials. After completing these, you find the egg only to be captured, by a falling cage trap | [
518,
1123,
1493,
29962,
16814,
5531,
29879,
12225,
787,
29901,
7266,
1233,
310,
1570,
390,
11376,
313,
29940,
28481,
28176,
29897,
13,
29943,
3205,
653,
29871,
29896,
29955,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29929,
29871,
29946,
29901,
29946,
29896,
26354,
8042,
3726,
491,
20892,
13533,
2265,
951,
1351,
596,
13133,
13,
21956,
261,
29901,
2233,
326,
1165,
23268,
13,
21076,
1674,
261,
29901,
4451,
1266,
12482,
13,
21889,
29901,
405,
28481,
28176,
13,
10900,
29901,
1528,
280,
29899,
13454,
292,
29892,
21255,
545,
29892,
3439,
2785,
669,
3767,
8963,
13,
19729,
4712,
29901,
6339,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29929,
313,
29923,
29965,
669,
8598,
29897,
13,
26222,
2501,
263,
931,
29892,
7794,
21144,
8090,
892,
4049,
17262,
470,
975,
6914,
287,
491,
278,
330,
11500,
7881,
1951,
746,
366,
2869,
5318,
963,
29892,
896,
892,
6892,
5051,
1014,
862,
8090,
29889,
512,
278,
4688,
3841,
310,
330,
11500,
29892,
4359,
738,
5972,
23272,
895,
1033,
1095,
701,
411,
263,
4863,
3748,
2729,
2501,
372,
29892,
1584,
1906,
4426,
393,
366,
723,
2360,
2149,
304,
367,
1754,
964,
263,
3748,
322,
9999,
287,
304,
4344,
29889,
2398,
29892,
727,
892,
3755,
263,
2846,
2317,
17718,
29892,
1556,
451,
2197,
278,
5915,
510,
8906,
17944,
8090,
29889,
13,
2887,
931,
3512,
373,
322,
15483,
16710,
29892,
591,
4689,
304,
1074,
385,
1584,
16600,
5685,
397,
310,
7794,
21144,
8090,
29892,
408,
6257,
411,
278,
7412,
22814,
29871,
29906,
3152,
29892,
2906,
29879,
1033,
1286,
1653,
4863,
8090,
773,
1616,
11949,
322,
18533,
393,
5148,
322,
7091,
763,
278,
23272,
895,
393,
750,
20603,
372,
29889,
7849,
451,
2197,
29892,
591,
4689,
304,
1074,
7794,
21144,
8090,
2729,
373,
23272,
4637,
393,
892,
20603,
4153,
491,
4344,
29915,
29879,
5745,
29899,
7774,
29877,
787,
29892,
2351,
583,
29892,
304,
952,
29892,
322,
1584,
8277,
29889,
10428,
2820,
278,
1833,
12623,
338,
746,
591,
4687,
304,
1074,
263,
10902,
20414,
297,
278,
11029,
310,
7794,
21144,
8090,
29892,
322,
393,
18172,
964,
445,
12623,
29892,
5998,
451,
4129,
338,
263,
7124,
29889,
13,
5618,
338,
18853,
297,
3907,
263,
2107,
7794,
21144,
3748,
29892,
3138,
29892,
338,
4332,
3864,
760,
310,
278,
15709,
393,
9926,
414,
1906,
14294,
29892,
285,
3365,
1537,
21737,
393,
591,
599,
1073,
322,
5360,
515,
1749,
1914,
2278,
6614,
29892,
322,
1857,
29892,
285,
2685,
29879,
29889,
16814,
13129,
12225,
787,
29901,
7266,
1233,
310,
1570,
390,
11376,
263,
9893,
304,
10446,
393,
15709,
297,
278,
26490,
310,
967,
3646,
20026,
29892,
541,
884,
25554,
29879,
263,
9985,
322,
5644,
5832,
7271,
363,
278,
9642,
19174,
408,
1532,
29889,
1094,
263,
1121,
29892,
306,
9698,
701,
3534,
292,
1283,
1708,
931,
1546,
590,
29871,
29896,
29941,
1629,
8750,
29892,
1058,
338,
263,
12176,
13524,
310,
278,
12225,
787,
3652,
29892,
322,
967,
3847,
23272,
895,
1128,
304,
28186,
596,
24339,
29889,
13,
8809,
488,
16814,
13129,
12225,
787,
29901,
7266,
1233,
310,
1570,
390,
11376,
20928,
22819,
2247,
411,
278,
6507,
310,
278,
701,
11506,
4654,
1128,
304,
28186,
596,
24339,
14064,
29892,
450,
379,
4215,
2787,
29892,
2233,
326,
1165,
756,
2869,
25554,
287,
263,
3748,
393,
4893,
2058,
19963,
278,
10917,
29899,
2696,
3652,
29889,
910,
6068,
963,
304,
1653,
1009,
1914,
15572,
391,
363,
278,
3748,
29892,
322,
9615,
963,
304,
1207,
263,
716,
8338,
265,
393,
925,
11057,
278,
3748,
29915,
29879,
7208,
1199,
29889,
1094,
1316,
29892,
738,
10769,
3063,
6375,
304,
5089,
3262,
964,
278,
12225,
787,
19859,
408,
379,
293,
5231,
470,
319,
710,
333,
674,
367,
23451,
287,
304,
1284,
393,
896,
9455,
29915,
29873,
8743,
408,
963,
29892,
541,
896,
437,
1708,
385,
4100,
6297,
297,
278,
5828,
29889,
13,
29950,
293,
5231,
4893,
373,
278,
6297,
310,
1667,
21126,
330,
2147,
29892,
322,
319,
710,
333,
13582,
278,
6297,
310,
3104,
291,
29055,
29889,
402,
711,
495,
278,
3741,
305,
884,
3697,
701,
408,
596,
4628,
3844,
389,
363,
28639,
28473,
29889,
1094,
1033,
367,
10115,
1127,
515,
1438,
20474,
800,
29892,
12225,
787,
29901,
7266,
1233,
310,
1570,
390,
11376,
756,
777,
3578,
6297,
29899,
1456,
292,
3161,
29892,
541,
896,
526,
1532,
23387,
322,
1016,
29915,
29873,
26652,
1623,
278,
3748,
1456,
491,
26795,
278,
1021,
3233,
310,
20710,
456,
273,
5049,
393,
278,
16151,
322,
967,
7208,
1199,
10331,
304,
6963,
304,
278,
1591,
29889,
12225,
787,
29901,
7266,
1233,
310,
1570,
390,
11376,
338,
385,
3158,
17623,
545,
3748,
29889,
5806,
278,
3748,
338,
29871,
29941,
29928,
29892,
372,
3667,
7093,
278,
2246,
1623,
1776,
2788,
304,
393,
1476,
297,
22037,
29871,
29906,
29928,
27997,
1388,
8090,
29892,
6521,
366,
29915,
276,
22764,
1546,
24191,
29892,
472,
607,
1206,
372,
4607,
267,
304,
263,
4654,
2022,
18520,
29889,
13,
1576,
5828,
297,
12225,
787,
29901,
7266,
1233,
310,
278,
1570,
390,
11376,
13246,
701,
411,
379,
293,
5231,
2373,
22155,
278,
2071,
583,
373,
1763,
720,
2222,
29892,
322,
8790,
263,
2919,
715,
2017,
310,
25158,
29892,
5153,
1975,
304,
379,
3496,
5391,
1004,
7935,
304,
1284,
278,
4556,
310,
278,
1108,
29889,
2860,
25325,
322,
9138,
278,
4726,
297,
25535,
5796,
1144,
29892,
379,
293,
5231,
5930,
2501,
385,
714,
29879,
1241,
393,
508,
29915,
29873,
2833,
304,
6456,
3099,
1048,
6053,
29892,
6029,
540,
15416,
29879,
317,
699,
1327,
1358,
2729,
373,
777,
5007,
297,
263,
3143,
393,
540,
8640,
322,
263,
22277,
2738,
8338,
265,
19710,
29889,
379,
293,
5231,
540,
1503,
263,
696,
279,
297,
278,
5418,
29892,
322,
5771,
304,
23033,
29889,
13,
6716,
310,
278,
2858,
6021,
13949,
558,
1169,
310,
278,
4726,
3974,
5304,
373,
4315,
322,
3902,
2631,
263,
25158,
13585,
29892,
3966,
21430,
411,
278,
19710,
29889,
887,
769,
17229,
385,
4853,
29872,
322,
28761,
515,
20810,
521,
9197,
393,
379,
293,
5231,
5429,
366,
304,
671,
297,
1206,
366,
817,
304,
24663,
278,
19710,
29892,
322,
1550,
297,
12359,
3121,
310,
278,
3719,
277,
29892,
366,
1065,
4822,
263,
4315,
988,
385,
11103,
29178,
29879,
322,
366,
679,
596,
937,
7303,
310,
15499,
25410,
29889,
2860,
1614,
1259,
1438,
29892,
366,
1284,
278,
19710,
871,
304,
367,
15468,
29892,
491,
263,
20327,
274,
482,
26505
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.506127 | -0.443199 | 0.300034 | 0.322291 |
(somehow), and the bandits come out to take the egg.
Only, the egg hatches in a smoke, lightning, and fiery explosion which decimates the cage that Scribbler is in without harming him, and this impressive delay convinces the bandits to run away from the dragon. Hiccup reappears, and upon seeing the dragon hatchling, realizes that the egg was unfamiliar to him because he had never seen a dragon like this. It appears to be a patchwork of a few different dragons- a chimeragon, if you will, and dubs the dragon "Patch". Hiccup is then recalled to Burk by Gobber via Terrible Terror (Terror mail), and Scribbler pledges to find the mysterious roar and report back to Hiccup.
Patch accompanies you on your journey, and his status as a chimera dragon enables him to have various elemental abilities that you will need to utilize on your journey to help you solve puzzles, overcome obstacles, and assist in fighting enemies and bosses.
You soon learn that some of the dragons have become hostile, but only because they've had gas-filled orbs fitted to their bodies that enable them to be remotely controlled by our hidden enemy. After you encounter this first dragon and destroy the orbs around their body, the dragon will become docile and fly away. Most of the rest of the enemies are lackey Vikings like the bandits found in the beginning of the game, and most of your bosses are dragons that are under the influence of the orbs. After you defeat a boss, you unlock a new elemental ability for your chimeragon, Patch.
You get new weapons, armor, and potions by finding them in chests, or harvesting resources and bringing them to the appropriate merchant. Resources are obtained by chopping down trees, bushes, and stones. You improve your health by finding heart containers. Dragons: Dawn of New Riders pulls heavily from classic 2D Zelda, and that is very apparent pretty early on due to these similarities, and more so when we get to the structure of the game.
You explore an island, go into a dungeon. You explore the dungeon, solving puzzles to open up new paths. Instead of having new items, relics, or power-ups to access new areas, you unlock the dragon abilities to help you overcome puzzles found within the dungeons. Each of these elemental abilities also helps your dragon grow bigger and stronger, and you swap between Scribbler and Patch to navigate the island and dungeons.
This is very similar to swapping between characters in the Lego games, and for most younger gamers, probably feel a lot like Skylanders. In this regard, the biggest disappointment that we had with the game comes from the fact that it really feels like you should have had the ability to add a second player whenever you wanted to during the game, with one person taking on the role of Scribbler, and the other Patch, but instead we are restricted to swapping between the two as obstacles and puzzles arise.
Boss fights are your standard fare. They're difficult at first, but once you recognize their pattern, it's a pretty easy fight. If you happen to die, you start over at the last checkpoint, and these come frequently enough that you never lose too much progress. Keeping in mind that the game is designed for a younger audience, it is a fair balance of challenge and checkpoints, but older or even just more experienced gamers may find it a little lackluster. The gameplay is fairly solid overall, but there is nothing new to be found here.
It follows the standard Zelda formula, with the biggest difference being the necessity of travel between islands being flying around the sky on your dragon. Since they programmed in the flight of the dragon and the ability to freely fly around the chain of islands, it would have been nice to have at least one boss sequence that takes place in the sky, or even just an obstacle course or the like to give the game a bit more variety.
One of the most important things that a licensed game must do, besides be an interesting game, is to be faithful to the source material and present familiar characters in a faithful manner. While the place names, humor, dragons, and atmosphere is accurately recreated in Dragons: Dawn of New Riders…the character models for the humans feel very scaled back and almost make them unrecognizable. In addition to that, the game skimps out by not having voice | [
313,
5372,
3525,
511,
322,
278,
3719,
1169,
2041,
714,
304,
2125,
278,
19710,
29889,
13,
11730,
29892,
278,
19710,
298,
905,
267,
297,
263,
25158,
29892,
3578,
1076,
29892,
322,
21334,
29891,
20389,
291,
607,
1602,
326,
1078,
278,
274,
482,
393,
317,
699,
1327,
1358,
338,
297,
1728,
10311,
292,
1075,
29892,
322,
445,
21210,
573,
9055,
17953,
778,
278,
3719,
1169,
304,
1065,
3448,
515,
278,
8338,
265,
29889,
379,
293,
5231,
337,
932,
15451,
29892,
322,
2501,
8790,
278,
8338,
265,
298,
905,
1847,
29892,
1855,
7093,
393,
278,
19710,
471,
443,
8302,
4447,
304,
1075,
1363,
540,
750,
2360,
3595,
263,
8338,
265,
763,
445,
29889,
739,
5692,
304,
367,
263,
13261,
1287,
310,
263,
2846,
1422,
8338,
787,
29899,
263,
521,
4193,
12841,
29892,
565,
366,
674,
29892,
322,
15416,
29879,
278,
8338,
265,
376,
29925,
905,
1642,
379,
293,
5231,
338,
769,
337,
13998,
304,
6640,
29895,
491,
402,
711,
495,
3025,
5061,
11710,
323,
2704,
313,
29911,
2704,
10524,
511,
322,
317,
699,
1327,
1358,
282,
839,
2710,
304,
1284,
278,
22277,
2738,
696,
279,
322,
3461,
1250,
304,
379,
293,
5231,
29889,
13,
29925,
905,
18509,
583,
366,
373,
596,
16342,
29892,
322,
670,
4660,
408,
263,
20674,
1572,
8338,
265,
28936,
1075,
304,
505,
5164,
1543,
284,
633,
9770,
393,
366,
674,
817,
304,
3667,
675,
373,
596,
16342,
304,
1371,
366,
4505,
20285,
793,
29892,
25688,
14979,
23435,
29892,
322,
6985,
297,
17770,
22595,
322,
289,
2209,
267,
29889,
13,
3492,
4720,
5110,
393,
777,
310,
278,
8338,
787,
505,
4953,
3495,
488,
29892,
541,
871,
1363,
896,
29915,
345,
750,
10489,
29899,
26940,
470,
5824,
25890,
304,
1009,
17873,
393,
9025,
963,
304,
367,
1083,
327,
873,
20704,
491,
1749,
7934,
11103,
29889,
2860,
366,
11735,
445,
937,
8338,
265,
322,
8174,
278,
470,
5824,
2820,
1009,
3573,
29892,
278,
8338,
265,
674,
4953,
437,
21873,
322,
11340,
3448,
29889,
7849,
310,
278,
1791,
310,
278,
22595,
526,
10225,
1032,
18503,
886,
763,
278,
3719,
1169,
1476,
297,
278,
6763,
310,
278,
3748,
29892,
322,
1556,
310,
596,
289,
2209,
267,
526,
8338,
787,
393,
526,
1090,
278,
9949,
310,
278,
470,
5824,
29889,
2860,
366,
20653,
263,
289,
2209,
29892,
366,
443,
908,
263,
716,
1543,
284,
11509,
363,
596,
521,
4193,
12841,
29892,
349,
905,
29889,
13,
3492,
679,
716,
25340,
29892,
5075,
272,
29892,
322,
3104,
1080,
491,
9138,
963,
297,
521,
9197,
29892,
470,
4023,
10147,
292,
7788,
322,
20794,
963,
304,
278,
8210,
29055,
29889,
27562,
526,
7625,
491,
3060,
3262,
1623,
10697,
29892,
27089,
267,
29892,
322,
25702,
29889,
887,
11157,
596,
9045,
491,
9138,
5192,
22637,
29889,
12225,
787,
29901,
7266,
1233,
310,
1570,
390,
11376,
8206,
29879,
20365,
515,
22037,
29871,
29906,
29928,
27997,
1388,
29892,
322,
393,
338,
1407,
20295,
5051,
4688,
373,
2861,
304,
1438,
2788,
1907,
29892,
322,
901,
577,
746,
591,
679,
304,
278,
3829,
310,
278,
3748,
29889,
13,
3492,
26987,
385,
11359,
29892,
748,
964,
263,
270,
19440,
265,
29889,
887,
26987,
278,
270,
19440,
265,
29892,
17069,
20285,
793,
304,
1722,
701,
716,
10898,
29889,
8669,
310,
2534,
716,
4452,
29892,
337,
506,
29879,
29892,
470,
3081,
29899,
14340,
304,
2130,
716,
10161,
29892,
366,
443,
908,
278,
8338,
265,
633,
9770,
304,
1371,
366,
25688,
20285,
793,
1476,
2629,
278,
270,
19440,
787,
29889,
7806,
310,
1438,
1543,
284,
633,
9770,
884,
6911,
596,
8338,
265,
6548,
16600,
322,
23505,
29892,
322,
366,
17945,
1546,
317,
699,
1327,
1358,
322,
349,
905,
304,
23624,
278,
11359,
322,
270,
19440,
787,
29889,
13,
4013,
338,
1407,
2788,
304,
2381,
20304,
1546,
4890,
297,
278,
365,
2412,
8090,
29892,
322,
363,
1556,
20023,
24988,
414,
29892,
3117,
4459,
263,
3287,
763,
16572,
1049,
414,
29889,
512,
445,
4880,
29892,
278,
24842,
23451,
358,
393,
591,
750,
411,
278,
3748,
5304,
515,
278,
2114,
393,
372,
2289,
23880,
763,
366,
881,
505,
750,
278,
11509,
304,
788,
263,
1473,
4847,
10940,
366,
5131,
304,
2645,
278,
3748,
29892,
411,
697,
2022,
5622,
373,
278,
6297,
310,
317,
699,
1327,
1358,
29892,
322,
278,
916,
349,
905,
29892,
541,
2012,
591,
526,
22078,
304,
2381,
20304,
1546,
278,
1023,
408,
14979,
23435,
322,
20285,
793,
29030,
29889,
13,
29933,
2209,
285,
5861,
526,
596,
3918,
20036,
29889,
2688,
29915,
276,
5189,
472,
937,
29892,
541,
2748,
366,
18720,
1009,
4766,
29892,
372,
29915,
29879,
263,
5051,
4780,
8589,
29889,
960,
366,
3799,
304,
762,
29892,
366,
1369,
975,
472,
278,
1833,
1423,
3149,
29892,
322,
1438,
2041,
13672,
3307,
393,
366,
2360,
14074,
2086,
1568,
6728,
29889,
19152,
292,
297,
3458,
393,
278,
3748,
338,
8688,
363,
263,
20023,
20026,
29892,
372,
338,
263,
6534,
17346,
310,
18766,
322,
1423,
9748,
29892,
541,
9642,
470,
1584,
925,
901,
18860,
24988,
414,
1122,
1284,
372,
263,
2217,
10225,
29880,
5402,
29889,
450,
3748,
1456,
338,
12558,
7773,
12463,
29892,
541,
727,
338,
3078,
716,
304,
367,
1476,
1244,
29889,
13,
3112,
4477,
278,
3918,
27997,
1388,
7063,
29892,
411,
278,
24842,
4328,
1641,
278,
24316,
310,
9850,
1546,
24191,
1641,
22764,
2820,
278,
14744,
373,
596,
8338,
265,
29889,
4001,
896,
1824,
2168,
297,
278,
16286,
310,
278,
8338,
265,
322,
278,
11509,
304,
28472,
11340,
2820,
278,
9704,
310,
24191,
29892,
372,
723,
505,
1063,
7575,
304,
505,
472,
3203,
697,
289,
2209,
5665,
393,
4893,
2058,
297,
278,
14744,
29892,
470,
1584,
925,
385,
14979,
6436,
3236,
470,
278,
763,
304,
2367,
278,
3748,
263,
2586,
901,
12875,
29889,
13,
6716,
310,
278,
1556,
4100,
2712,
393,
263,
7794,
21144,
3748,
1818,
437,
29892,
18034,
367,
385,
8031,
3748,
29892,
338,
304,
367,
27057,
304,
278,
2752,
5518,
322,
2198,
9985,
4890,
297,
263,
27057,
8214,
29889,
5806,
278,
2058,
2983,
29892,
27448,
29892,
8338,
787,
29892,
322,
25005,
338,
7913,
2486,
337,
11600,
297,
12225,
787,
29901,
7266,
1233,
310,
1570,
390,
11376,
30098,
1552,
2931,
4733,
363,
278,
25618,
4459,
1407,
6287,
29881,
1250,
322,
4359,
1207,
963,
443,
29423,
13902,
29889,
512,
6124,
304,
393,
29892,
278,
3748,
2071,
326,
567,
714,
491,
451,
2534,
7314
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.328159 | -0.182344 | 0.506255 | 0.499374 |
An official with the Environmental Protection Agency testified Saturday that the Torrance refinery has "serious" safety problems at a marathon investigative hearing hosted by the region's air pollution watchdog that lasted more than seven hours and drew a crowd of about 400.
But, as expected, no action was taken by the Refinery Committee of the South Coast Air Quality Management District during the probe and none appears likely next week either when the hearing resumes at 9 a.m. Saturday at City Hall.
The extended hearing will give 70 more members of the public the opportunity to address the committee after time ran out at the initial meeting at the Torrance Marriott. No new speakers will be allowed to sign up.
About 25 spoke Saturday, mostly covering familiar ground.
Refinery workers generally urged that no additional action be taken until the AQMD decides whether to adopt a rule by year's end phasing out highly toxic hydrofluoric acid, while residents requested the air-quality agency continue with that process as well.
Still, it was clear from the panel's occasionally tough questioning that committee members shared the community's concerns about the operation of the refinery, with Assemblyman Al Muratsuchi summing up the mood at the outset of the meeting.
Muratsuchi has written a package of bills to address refinery safety in California.
The special hearing was held because of the series of operational incidents that include 24 unplanned flaring events since an explosion shut down the refinery in February 2015. Those problems cost its owners $18 million in fines for excessive flaring and another $5.5 million related to the blast and subsequent restart, AQMD officials said.
The refinery, which produces about 10 percent of the gasoline used in California, has also experienced four fires and 67 equipment breakdowns in the past two years and two releases of hydrofluoric acid.
None of that was "normal" or "acceptable," AQMD officials said.
At least two previous investigations on refinery operations by state and federal agencies since the explosion had previously uncovered a litany of safety and operational issues.
An EPA report made public last week revealed yet more safety deficiencies, including a "superficial" management structure and broken hydrofluoric acid safety equipment that remained in disrepair for "weeks." In addition, the EPA report said a risk-management plan understates the danger to the public of a worst-case hydrofluoric acid release.
Moreover, more than 300 bins of hazardous waste was kept on the refinery for more than a year, and unpermitted hazardous waste was found stored in two on-site tanks and a concrete pit, Dan Meer, assistant director of the EPA's SuperFund Division, testified Saturday.
That could lead to "some settlement in a couple of months" depending upon the level of cooperation provided by refinery owner PBF Energy, Meer said.
But any enforcement action could also take years, he warned; the agency remains in "negotiations" with Chevron in the wake of the 2012 Richmond, California, fire that sent 15,000 people to the hospital after they were exposed to the resulting cloud of toxic smoke.
AQMD officials said they wouldn't take that long to make a decision on any new rule banning hydrofluoric acid.
"This is one of the most disconcerting government reports I've ever read," AQMD board member Joe Lyou said of the preliminary EPA findings that resulted from a November inspection.
PBF officials pledged to respond to the agency promptly as required and said they had already corrected some of the safety deficiencies found. In addition, the company will hire a risk-evaluation expert to update the refinery's risk-management plan.
Company officials have previously insisted that no refinery in the world had ever converted away from the use of hydrofluoric acid, which the AQMD may require the Torrance refinery and the Valero refinery in Wilmington to do.
But British oil industry consultant Glyn Jenkins said an unnamed refinery there about the same size as Torrance had done exactly that, in part because of the safety problems the hydrofluoric acid posed to the 20,000 people that lived nearby.
In fact, refineries all across Europe were | [
530,
6221,
411,
278,
16738,
284,
14409,
428,
29353,
1243,
2164,
24211,
393,
278,
4794,
11115,
2143,
262,
708,
756,
376,
643,
2738,
29908,
15332,
4828,
472,
263,
1766,
25206,
7405,
1230,
22514,
17791,
491,
278,
5120,
29915,
29879,
4799,
21180,
918,
6505,
26169,
393,
1833,
287,
901,
1135,
9881,
6199,
322,
15010,
263,
19174,
310,
1048,
29871,
29946,
29900,
29900,
29889,
13,
6246,
29892,
408,
3806,
29892,
694,
3158,
471,
4586,
491,
278,
830,
4951,
708,
12930,
310,
278,
4275,
17700,
5593,
751,
2877,
15057,
7457,
2645,
278,
410,
915,
322,
5642,
5692,
5517,
2446,
4723,
2845,
746,
278,
22514,
620,
9351,
472,
29871,
29929,
263,
29889,
29885,
29889,
24211,
472,
4412,
6573,
29889,
13,
1576,
10410,
22514,
674,
2367,
29871,
29955,
29900,
901,
5144,
310,
278,
970,
278,
15130,
304,
3211,
278,
21118,
1156,
931,
6350,
714,
472,
278,
2847,
11781,
472,
278,
4794,
11115,
1085,
374,
1501,
29889,
1939,
716,
7726,
414,
674,
367,
6068,
304,
1804,
701,
29889,
13,
28173,
29871,
29906,
29945,
12707,
24211,
29892,
11149,
21653,
9985,
5962,
29889,
13,
1123,
4951,
708,
17162,
6892,
5065,
3192,
393,
694,
5684,
3158,
367,
4586,
2745,
278,
319,
29984,
5773,
1602,
2247,
3692,
304,
9332,
263,
5751,
491,
1629,
29915,
29879,
1095,
1374,
5832,
714,
10712,
304,
27375,
17546,
25044,
272,
293,
22193,
29892,
1550,
24060,
13877,
278,
4799,
29899,
29567,
946,
3819,
6773,
411,
393,
1889,
408,
1532,
29889,
13,
855,
453,
29892,
372,
471,
2821,
515,
278,
9451,
29915,
29879,
23025,
260,
820,
1139,
292,
393,
21118,
5144,
7258,
278,
7881,
29915,
29879,
21838,
1048,
278,
5858,
310,
278,
2143,
262,
708,
29892,
411,
13266,
1171,
838,
7487,
1446,
987,
29875,
2533,
4056,
701,
278,
286,
2092,
472,
278,
714,
842,
310,
278,
11781,
29889,
13,
29924,
332,
1446,
987,
29875,
756,
3971,
263,
3577,
310,
289,
6090,
304,
3211,
2143,
262,
708,
15332,
297,
8046,
29889,
13,
1576,
4266,
22514,
471,
4934,
1363,
310,
278,
3652,
310,
1751,
1288,
5528,
16719,
393,
3160,
29871,
29906,
29946,
443,
572,
11310,
1652,
4362,
4959,
1951,
385,
20389,
291,
12522,
1623,
278,
2143,
262,
708,
297,
6339,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29945,
29889,
16025,
4828,
3438,
967,
1914,
414,
395,
29896,
29947,
7284,
297,
1436,
267,
363,
19163,
573,
1652,
4362,
322,
1790,
395,
29945,
29889,
29945,
7284,
4475,
304,
278,
1999,
579,
322,
15352,
10715,
29892,
319,
29984,
5773,
24921,
1497,
29889,
13,
1576,
2143,
262,
708,
29892,
607,
13880,
1048,
29871,
29896,
29900,
10151,
310,
278,
10489,
26496,
1304,
297,
8046,
29892,
756,
884,
18860,
3023,
24237,
322,
29871,
29953,
29955,
21083,
2867,
3204,
29879,
297,
278,
4940,
1023,
2440,
322,
1023,
27474,
310,
17546,
25044,
272,
293,
22193,
29889,
13,
8516,
310,
393,
471,
376,
8945,
29908,
470,
376,
16044,
519,
1699,
319,
29984,
5773,
24921,
1497,
29889,
13,
4178,
3203,
1023,
3517,
7405,
800,
373,
2143,
262,
708,
6931,
491,
2106,
322,
17097,
946,
15942,
1951,
278,
20389,
291,
750,
9251,
443,
11911,
287,
263,
11872,
1384,
310,
15332,
322,
1751,
1288,
5626,
29889,
13,
2744,
382,
7228,
3461,
1754,
970,
1833,
4723,
17845,
3447,
901,
15332,
822,
293,
819,
2478,
29892,
3704,
263,
376,
9136,
29888,
5611,
29908,
10643,
3829,
322,
9391,
17546,
25044,
272,
293,
22193,
15332,
21083,
393,
9488,
297,
766,
3445,
1466,
363,
376,
705,
14541,
1213,
512,
6124,
29892,
278,
382,
7228,
3461,
1497,
263,
12045,
29899,
21895,
3814,
1090,
28631,
278,
9703,
304,
278,
970,
310,
263,
17322,
29899,
4878,
17546,
25044,
272,
293,
22193,
6507,
29889,
13,
20761,
957,
29892,
901,
1135,
29871,
29941,
29900,
29900,
289,
1144,
310,
447,
29920,
538,
681,
19863,
471,
8126,
373,
278,
2143,
262,
708,
363,
901,
1135,
263,
1629,
29892,
322,
443,
17858,
4430,
447,
29920,
538,
681,
19863,
471,
1476,
6087,
297,
1023,
373,
29899,
2746,
260,
1331,
322,
263,
18387,
22754,
29892,
3951,
2191,
261,
29892,
20255,
8881,
310,
278,
382,
7228,
29915,
29879,
5670,
29943,
870,
7946,
29892,
1243,
2164,
24211,
29889,
13,
7058,
1033,
3275,
304,
376,
5372,
16493,
297,
263,
7303,
310,
7378,
29908,
8679,
2501,
278,
3233,
310,
1302,
16453,
4944,
491,
2143,
262,
708,
12271,
349,
28062,
24836,
29892,
2191,
261,
1497,
29889,
13,
6246,
738,
24555,
13561,
3158,
1033,
884,
2125,
2440,
29892,
540,
1370,
9571,
29936,
278,
946,
3819,
9242,
297,
376,
10052,
15297,
800,
29908,
411,
6561,
29894,
1617,
297,
278,
281,
1296,
310,
278,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29906,
28662,
29892,
8046,
29892,
3974,
393,
2665,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29892,
29900,
29900,
29900,
2305,
304,
278,
13457,
1156,
896,
892,
19884,
304,
278,
9819,
9570,
310,
304,
27375,
25158,
29889,
13,
29909,
29984,
5773,
24921,
1497,
896,
7656,
29915,
29873,
2125,
393,
1472,
304,
1207,
263,
10608,
373,
738,
716,
5751,
289,
9450,
17546,
25044,
272,
293,
22193,
29889,
13,
29908,
4013,
338,
697,
310,
278,
1556,
766,
535,
6327,
292,
5874,
13676,
306,
29915,
345,
3926,
1303,
1699,
319,
29984,
5773,
7613,
4509,
11131,
365,
6293,
1497,
310,
278,
758,
2576,
3821,
382,
7228,
1284,
886,
393,
20601,
515,
263,
3979,
1663,
27988,
29889,
13,
29925,
28062,
24921,
282,
839,
3192,
304,
10049,
304,
278,
946,
3819,
9508,
368,
408,
3734,
322,
1497,
896,
750,
2307,
24114,
777,
310,
278,
15332,
822,
293,
819,
2478,
1476,
29889,
512,
6124,
29892,
278,
5001,
674,
298,
533,
263,
12045,
29899,
24219,
362,
17924,
304,
2767,
278,
2143,
262,
708,
29915,
29879,
12045,
29899,
21895,
3814,
29889,
13,
21410,
24921,
505,
9251,
1663,
12652,
393,
694,
2143,
262,
708,
297,
278,
3186,
750,
3926,
11543,
3448,
515,
278,
671,
310,
17546,
25044,
272,
293,
22193,
29892,
607,
278,
319,
29984,
5773,
1122,
1996,
278,
4794,
11115,
2143,
262,
708,
322,
278,
2630,
1489,
2143,
262,
708,
297,
4624,
4056,
880,
304,
437,
29889,
13,
6246,
4908,
17182,
13661,
8799,
424,
402,
13493,
23750,
1497,
385,
443,
17514,
2143,
262,
708,
727,
1048,
278,
1021,
2159,
408,
4794,
11115,
750,
2309,
3721,
393,
29892,
297,
760,
1363,
310,
278,
15332,
4828,
278,
17546,
25044,
272,
293,
22193,
926,
287,
304,
278,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29892,
29900,
29900,
29900,
2305,
393,
10600,
20810,
29889,
13,
797,
2114,
29892,
2143,
4983,
583,
599,
4822,
4092,
892
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.107313 | 0.698852 | 1.432006 | 0.118646 |
I was kind of exhausted from my recent winter trip and thought about having a staycation in one of the top hotels in Davao City. I know exactly where to go but I was hesitant of pushing through because the rates are quite expensive since I am not booking in advance. Good thing that I chanced upon Traveloka, an app that can book hotels and flights. I downloaded their app and tried searching for hotels in Davao, and voila I got a good rate from one of the high-rated hotels in the city, SedaAbreeza Hotel.
It was my first time to use the Traveloka app and it was a breeze. It's so easy to use and I was able to book my stay at Seda Hotel Abreeza in just few minutes. The app is very user-friendly. You just have to click the hotels tab, enter your preferred city and date of stay, duration, number of guests and room/s then click search and you'll be given with options of where you can stay.
Seda Abreeza Hotel is one of the most convenient accommodation in Davao City. It's located within the city center and sits right beside Abreeza Ayala Mall. It's one of the top choices for both leisure and business travelers vising Davao City.
I was quite happy with the check-in process. It was quick and it only took about less than five minutes to complete the whole procedure. I didn't have to wait for a long time to check-in so that was something that really pleased me.
Our room was facing Ayala Abreeza Mall so we've had a wonderful view. We chose a twin room so there were two single beds with comfortable mattresses. The room wasn't so huge but it was big enough for me and my friend. There's a mini bar and a huge flat screen TV which allowed us to watch our favorite shows even if we're away from home.
Our deluxe room has a cozy and homey ambiance with a minimalist yet elegant look.
Seda Hotel Abreeza offers free usage of their two MAC desktop computers in the lobby area for people who want to check email or updates their social media accounts. Complimentary WIFI access is also available in the rooms.
On the side of the hotel are the fitness center and the swimming pool where guests can access to maintain a healthy lifestyle.
The hotel has Misto, an all-day dining restaurant located at the lobby level. It serves both local and international dishes where visitors can satisfy their gastronomic cravings. The complimentary breakfast is also served from 6am to 10 am at Misto restaurant. If you want to explore a little bit more of Davao food, you can always check out the restaurants at the nearby Ayala Abreeza Mall.
Seda Abreeza is only about 20 minutes away from the Francisco Bangoy International Airport and a few steps away from Ayala Abreeza Mall, the first and only Ayala mall in Davao. It is also within a walking distance away from churches, corporate offices, shops, restaurants, the Asian Fruit Market and other business establishments. Direct flights from Manila to Davao are only 1 hour and 45 minutes while flights from Cebu take around 45 minutes. A direct flight from Singapore to Davao is also available for guests coming from mainland Southeast Asia.
What makes this hotel stand out from the rest of the accommodations in Davao?
Aside from its prime location, Seda Abreeza boasts itself as being the first urban lifestyle hotel in the city. It's the third property to open under the Seda Hotel chain and the second located in Mindanao after Seda Hotel Centrio in Cagayan de Oro City. Location and accessibility make Seda Abreeza Hotel a preferred choice of both domestic and international travelers.
One of the best part of booking through the Traveloka App is you'll be able to use its filters to easily find a hotel within your budget or your personal preferences. You may also sort the hotels according to their popularity, ratings or prices. Lastly you have an option to view the hotels in the map so you can book according to a specific location of your choice.
Once you selected a hotel and the preferred room, you may proceed with payment. No credit or debit card? Don't worry, the app allows you to pay over the counter via 711 and other payment centers. With my personal experience, I definitely can recommend | [
306,
471,
2924,
310,
18782,
16656,
515,
590,
7786,
13851,
17487,
322,
2714,
1048,
2534,
263,
7952,
9252,
297,
697,
310,
278,
2246,
7375,
1379,
297,
360,
879,
29877,
4412,
29889,
306,
1073,
3721,
988,
304,
748,
541,
306,
471,
19066,
277,
424,
310,
27556,
1549,
1363,
278,
19257,
526,
3755,
19390,
1951,
306,
626,
451,
3143,
292,
297,
6564,
29889,
7197,
2655,
393,
306,
521,
8362,
2501,
3201,
955,
17029,
29892,
385,
623,
393,
508,
3143,
7375,
1379,
322,
1652,
5861,
29889,
306,
16532,
1009,
623,
322,
1898,
11975,
363,
7375,
1379,
297,
360,
879,
29877,
29892,
322,
992,
4233,
306,
2355,
263,
1781,
6554,
515,
697,
310,
278,
1880,
29899,
29878,
630,
7375,
1379,
297,
278,
4272,
29892,
317,
8710,
4920,
929,
1362,
16923,
29889,
13,
3112,
471,
590,
937,
931,
304,
671,
278,
3201,
955,
17029,
623,
322,
372,
471,
263,
289,
929,
911,
29889,
739,
29915,
29879,
577,
4780,
304,
671,
322,
306,
471,
2221,
304,
3143,
590,
7952,
472,
317,
8710,
16923,
1976,
929,
1362,
297,
925,
2846,
6233,
29889,
450,
623,
338,
1407,
1404,
29899,
18326,
368,
29889,
887,
925,
505,
304,
2828,
278,
7375,
1379,
4434,
29892,
3896,
596,
16389,
4272,
322,
2635,
310,
7952,
29892,
14385,
29892,
1353,
310,
28865,
322,
5716,
29914,
29879,
769,
2828,
2740,
322,
366,
29915,
645,
367,
2183,
411,
3987,
310,
988,
366,
508,
7952,
29889,
13,
29903,
8710,
1976,
929,
1362,
16923,
338,
697,
310,
278,
1556,
19192,
24803,
362,
297,
360,
879,
29877,
4412,
29889,
739,
29915,
29879,
5982,
2629,
278,
4272,
4818,
322,
269,
1169,
1492,
17620,
1976,
929,
1362,
15846,
2883,
23809,
29889,
739,
29915,
29879,
697,
310,
278,
2246,
19995,
363,
1716,
454,
275,
545,
322,
5381,
9850,
414,
1998,
292,
360,
879,
29877,
4412,
29889,
13,
29902,
471,
3755,
9796,
411,
278,
1423,
29899,
262,
1889,
29889,
739,
471,
4996,
322,
372,
871,
3614,
1048,
3109,
1135,
5320,
6233,
304,
4866,
278,
3353,
8792,
29889,
306,
3282,
29915,
29873,
505,
304,
4480,
363,
263,
1472,
931,
304,
1423,
29899,
262,
577,
393,
471,
1554,
393,
2289,
22301,
592,
29889,
13,
29949,
332,
5716,
471,
14870,
15846,
2883,
1976,
929,
1362,
23809,
577,
591,
29915,
345,
750,
263,
20695,
1776,
29889,
1334,
12784,
263,
3252,
262,
5716,
577,
727,
892,
1023,
2323,
289,
5779,
411,
25561,
1775,
509,
15322,
29889,
450,
5716,
9007,
29915,
29873,
577,
12176,
541,
372,
471,
4802,
3307,
363,
592,
322,
590,
5121,
29889,
1670,
29915,
29879,
263,
20629,
2594,
322,
263,
12176,
12151,
4315,
5648,
607,
6068,
502,
304,
6505,
1749,
25448,
3697,
1584,
565,
591,
29915,
276,
3448,
515,
3271,
29889,
13,
29949,
332,
628,
1314,
29872,
5716,
756,
263,
1302,
1537,
322,
3271,
29891,
3181,
8837,
411,
263,
13114,
391,
3447,
19232,
1106,
29889,
13,
29903,
8710,
16923,
1976,
929,
1362,
16688,
3889,
8744,
310,
1009,
1023,
26750,
14616,
23226,
297,
278,
658,
1327,
29891,
4038,
363,
2305,
1058,
864,
304,
1423,
4876,
470,
11217,
1009,
5264,
5745,
15303,
29889,
422,
572,
2073,
653,
399,
29902,
3738,
2130,
338,
884,
3625,
297,
278,
19600,
29889,
13,
2951,
278,
2625,
310,
278,
16730,
526,
278,
6216,
2264,
4818,
322,
278,
2381,
25217,
11565,
988,
28865,
508,
2130,
304,
7344,
263,
9045,
29891,
301,
7004,
1508,
29889,
13,
1576,
16730,
756,
341,
5137,
29892,
385,
599,
29899,
3250,
270,
2827,
27144,
5982,
472,
278,
658,
1327,
29891,
3233,
29889,
739,
19700,
1716,
1887,
322,
6121,
270,
17006,
988,
26824,
508,
15523,
1009,
330,
7614,
4917,
293,
274,
5705,
886,
29889,
450,
13162,
2073,
653,
26044,
338,
884,
6766,
515,
29871,
29953,
314,
304,
29871,
29896,
29900,
626,
472,
341,
5137,
27144,
29889,
960,
366,
864,
304,
26987,
263,
2217,
2586,
901,
310,
360,
879,
29877,
9687,
29892,
366,
508,
2337,
1423,
714,
278,
12374,
1934,
472,
278,
20810,
15846,
2883,
1976,
929,
1362,
23809,
29889,
13,
29903,
8710,
1976,
929,
1362,
338,
871,
1048,
29871,
29906,
29900,
6233,
3448,
515,
278,
8970,
350,
4524,
29891,
4623,
18117,
322,
263,
2846,
6576,
3448,
515,
15846,
2883,
1976,
929,
1362,
23809,
29892,
278,
937,
322,
871,
15846,
2883,
286,
497,
297,
360,
879,
29877,
29889,
739,
338,
884,
2629,
263,
22049,
5418,
3448,
515,
26014,
29892,
17266,
403,
25222,
29892,
528,
3554,
29892,
12374,
1934,
29892,
278,
20021,
383,
9216,
28794,
322,
916,
5381,
10127,
1860,
29889,
8797,
1652,
5861,
515,
2315,
4233,
304,
360,
879,
29877,
526,
871,
29871,
29896,
7234,
322,
29871,
29946,
29945,
6233,
1550,
1652,
5861,
515,
315,
774,
29884,
2125,
2820,
29871,
29946,
29945,
6233,
29889,
319,
1513,
16286,
515,
25960,
304,
360,
879,
29877,
338,
884,
3625,
363,
28865,
6421,
515,
1667,
1049,
317,
449,
15879,
14325,
29889,
13,
5618,
3732,
445,
16730,
2317,
714,
515,
278,
1791,
310,
278,
24803,
800,
297,
360,
879,
29877,
29973,
13,
2887,
680,
515,
967,
6019,
4423,
29892,
317,
8710,
1976,
929,
1362,
1045,
19416,
3528,
408,
1641,
278,
937,
17164,
301,
7004,
1508,
16730,
297,
278,
4272,
29889,
739,
29915,
29879,
278,
4654,
2875,
304,
1722,
1090,
278,
317,
8710,
16923,
9704,
322,
278,
1473,
5982,
297,
20152,
1648,
29877,
1156,
317,
8710,
16923,
2895,
5378,
297,
315,
351,
388,
273,
316,
438,
307,
4412,
29889,
17015,
322,
2130,
4127,
1207,
317,
8710,
1976,
929,
1362,
16923,
263,
16389,
7348,
310,
1716,
21849,
322,
6121,
9850,
414,
29889,
13,
6716,
310,
278,
1900,
760,
310,
3143,
292,
1549,
278,
3201,
955,
17029,
2401,
338,
366,
29915,
645,
367,
2221,
304,
671,
967,
18094,
304,
5948,
1284,
263,
16730,
2629,
596,
23562,
470,
596,
7333,
5821,
2063,
29889,
887,
1122,
884,
2656,
278,
7375,
1379,
5034,
304,
1009,
5972,
537,
29892,
26838,
470,
26094,
29889,
9208,
368,
366,
505,
385,
2984,
304,
1776,
278,
7375,
1379,
297,
278,
2910,
577,
366,
508,
3143,
5034,
304,
263,
2702,
4423,
310,
596,
7348,
29889,
13,
26222,
366,
4629,
263,
16730,
322,
278,
16389,
5716,
29892,
366,
1122,
8469,
411,
19179,
29889,
1939,
16200,
470,
2553,
277,
5881,
29973,
3872,
29915,
29873,
15982,
29892,
278,
623,
6511,
366,
304,
5146,
975,
278,
6795,
3025,
29871,
29955,
29896,
29896,
322,
916,
19179,
1644,
414,
29889,
2973,
590,
7333,
7271,
29892,
306,
11630,
508,
6907
] | 1,024 | C4 | 0.531939 | -1.756557 | -0.742389 | -0.516006 |
Looking for the best email client for Windows, Mac or Linux?
Managing multiple email accounts and a chaotic inbox from a web-based interface can be overwhelming and annoying.
Thought of ditching several email accounts and forwarding everything to a single one?
But after years of multiple email accounts, forwarding everything over to one looks impossible.
A desktop email client is a software that allows you to receive, compose and send emails from all your email accounts in one place. You can view e-mails from several email addresses in one unified inbox.
The best email clients provide multiple tools and features to make your email experience better, including integrations, customizations, automation tools and more.
Ready to explore the best email clients for Windows, Mac, and Linux?
The top email clients for Windows are Mailbird, Mailbird, eM Client, TouchMail and Opera.
Mailbird is one of the leading email clients in the market today.
The ability to customize the interface just the way you like it!
With Mailbird, you won't have to worry about multiple accounts and passwords ever again.
With this email client, you can bring all your accounts into one consolidated email inbox.
As there's no restriction on the number of accounts you can add, you'll never have to worry about losing track of email messages again.
Don't worry about mixing up emails from different accounts either. You can color code each one separately to avoid confusion.
It's super easy to get up and running with Mailbird.
As it supports both POP and IMAP accounts, it can handle most service providers like Gmail and Hotmail. Just add your name and email id in the drop-down menu and Mailbird will do the rest.
Ever forget to reply to someone, or miss out on a question in a mail?
With the Mailbird Inline Reply feature, you won't have to worry about this ever again.
You can add your responses directly underneath each question and statement.
Not only is it easier for you to respond to questions, the recipient will find it far easier to read your answers!
Additionally, you can add your name to your responses along with color coding them to further personalize it.
Ever send a mail but then notice something and wish you could unsend it?
Maybe you entered the wrong email or forgot to add something.
With Mailbird, you can unsend any email as long as it's within 30 seconds of it being sent.
Just activate this feature and choose the time frame you would like for the unsend ability to be active. Anything between 5 – 30 seconds is possible (in 5-second increments).
With the snooze option, you can postpone replying to an email easily.
You choose when you want to reply to it – be it the next day, the next week – it's up to you. Once the time comes, Mailbird will send you a notification and you can address it.
You won't have to worry about these emails cluttering your inbox either. They'll be placed in a designated snooze folder so that your inbox remains clean.
Want to access your emails while offline?
The offline access feature from Mailbird lets you draft and save emails, even when you have no connection to wifi.
It's really embarrassing, isn't it?
When you mention an attachment in your email but forget to add it?
Mailbird has an attachment reminder feature that eliminates this problem. If your email contains the word attachment (in all supported languages) but you forget to enclose it, the software will remind you with a pop-up.
With the Mailbird attachment search feature, you can easily find attachments you've sent years ago. Just type in part of the file name and Mailbird will bring it up for you!
Mailbird makes it super easy to add attachments to your emails. Just simply drag and drop them into the composer window and it'll automatically start uploading them.
We've also integrated with file storage apps like Dropbox and Degoo to make it even easier to upload files from your cloud storage.
Just click the respective icons at the bottom of the window to add your Dropbox/Degoo file.
Mailbird makes it easy to merge duplicate contacts so that you're not sifting through people twice in your contact list.
The software does this automatically, but in the event that two contacts aren't 100% similar, you can manually choose the default e-mail account.
With Mailbird, you can easily copy contacts from different email accounts and place them into groups.
You can manually | [
21223,
363,
278,
1900,
4876,
3132,
363,
3852,
29892,
4326,
470,
8074,
29973,
13,
2517,
6751,
2999,
4876,
15303,
322,
263,
10329,
13574,
297,
1884,
515,
263,
1856,
29899,
6707,
5067,
508,
367,
975,
1332,
295,
4056,
322,
12327,
5414,
29889,
13,
1349,
1774,
310,
270,
2335,
292,
3196,
4876,
15303,
322,
6375,
292,
4129,
304,
263,
2323,
697,
29973,
13,
6246,
1156,
2440,
310,
2999,
4876,
15303,
29892,
6375,
292,
4129,
975,
304,
697,
3430,
9301,
29889,
13,
29909,
14616,
4876,
3132,
338,
263,
7047,
393,
6511,
366,
304,
7150,
29892,
27435,
322,
3638,
24609,
515,
599,
596,
4876,
15303,
297,
697,
2058,
29889,
887,
508,
1776,
321,
29899,
2549,
29879,
515,
3196,
4876,
14157,
297,
697,
443,
2164,
297,
1884,
29889,
13,
1576,
1900,
4876,
13154,
3867,
2999,
8492,
322,
5680,
304,
1207,
596,
4876,
7271,
2253,
29892,
3704,
3990,
800,
29892,
2888,
17063,
29892,
3345,
362,
8492,
322,
901,
29889,
13,
28181,
304,
26987,
278,
1900,
4876,
13154,
363,
3852,
29892,
4326,
29892,
322,
8074,
29973,
13,
1576,
2246,
4876,
13154,
363,
3852,
526,
18623,
18513,
29892,
18623,
18513,
29892,
321,
29924,
12477,
29892,
28675,
14925,
322,
19198,
29889,
13,
14925,
18513,
338,
697,
310,
278,
8236,
4876,
13154,
297,
278,
9999,
9826,
29889,
13,
1576,
11509,
304,
2888,
675,
278,
5067,
925,
278,
982,
366,
763,
372,
29991,
13,
3047,
18623,
18513,
29892,
366,
2113,
29915,
29873,
505,
304,
15982,
1048,
2999,
15303,
322,
27630,
3926,
1449,
29889,
13,
3047,
445,
4876,
3132,
29892,
366,
508,
6963,
599,
596,
15303,
964,
697,
1136,
17211,
630,
4876,
297,
1884,
29889,
13,
2887,
727,
29915,
29879,
694,
24345,
373,
278,
1353,
310,
15303,
366,
508,
788,
29892,
366,
29915,
645,
2360,
505,
304,
15982,
1048,
19035,
5702,
310,
4876,
7191,
1449,
29889,
13,
10310,
29915,
29873,
15982,
1048,
24907,
701,
24609,
515,
1422,
15303,
2845,
29889,
887,
508,
2927,
775,
1269,
697,
16949,
304,
4772,
14679,
29889,
13,
3112,
29915,
29879,
2428,
4780,
304,
679,
701,
322,
2734,
411,
18623,
18513,
29889,
13,
2887,
372,
11286,
1716,
349,
4590,
322,
306,
23827,
15303,
29892,
372,
508,
4386,
1556,
2669,
1326,
11376,
763,
402,
2549,
322,
8843,
2549,
29889,
3387,
788,
596,
1024,
322,
4876,
1178,
297,
278,
5768,
29899,
3204,
6143,
322,
18623,
18513,
674,
437,
278,
1791,
29889,
13,
29923,
369,
9566,
304,
8908,
304,
4856,
29892,
470,
3052,
714,
373,
263,
1139,
297,
263,
10524,
29973,
13,
3047,
278,
18623,
18513,
512,
1220,
10088,
368,
4682,
29892,
366,
2113,
29915,
29873,
505,
304,
15982,
1048,
445,
3926,
1449,
29889,
13,
3492,
508,
788,
596,
20890,
4153,
1090,
484,
493,
1269,
1139,
322,
3229,
29889,
13,
3664,
871,
338,
372,
6775,
363,
366,
304,
10049,
304,
5155,
29892,
278,
23957,
993,
674,
1284,
372,
2215,
6775,
304,
1303,
596,
6089,
29991,
13,
2528,
17658,
29892,
366,
508,
788,
596,
1024,
304,
596,
20890,
3412,
411,
2927,
14137,
963,
304,
4340,
7333,
675,
372,
29889,
13,
29923,
369,
3638,
263,
10524,
541,
769,
8369,
1554,
322,
6398,
366,
1033,
443,
6717,
372,
29973,
13,
22762,
366,
7802,
278,
2743,
4876,
470,
9640,
304,
788,
1554,
29889,
13,
3047,
18623,
18513,
29892,
366,
508,
443,
6717,
738,
4876,
408,
1472,
408,
372,
29915,
29879,
2629,
29871,
29941,
29900,
6923,
310,
372,
1641,
2665,
29889,
13,
14084,
5039,
403,
445,
4682,
322,
6755,
278,
931,
3515,
366,
723,
763,
363,
278,
443,
6717,
11509,
304,
367,
6136,
29889,
530,
1541,
292,
1546,
29871,
29945,
785,
29871,
29941,
29900,
6923,
338,
1950,
313,
262,
29871,
29945,
29899,
7496,
3079,
1860,
467,
13,
3047,
278,
269,
1217,
29877,
911,
2984,
29892,
366,
508,
1400,
29886,
650,
1634,
5890,
304,
385,
4876,
5948,
29889,
13,
3492,
6755,
746,
366,
864,
304,
8908,
304,
372,
785,
367,
372,
278,
2446,
2462,
29892,
278,
2446,
4723,
785,
372,
29915,
29879,
701,
304,
366,
29889,
9038,
278,
931,
5304,
29892,
18623,
18513,
674,
3638,
366,
263,
12519,
322,
366,
508,
3211,
372,
29889,
13,
3492,
2113,
29915,
29873,
505,
304,
15982,
1048,
1438,
24609,
1067,
6463,
292,
596,
297,
1884,
2845,
29889,
2688,
29915,
645,
367,
7180,
297,
263,
25373,
269,
1217,
29877,
911,
4138,
577,
393,
596,
297,
1884,
9242,
5941,
29889,
13,
29956,
424,
304,
2130,
596,
24609,
1550,
1283,
1220,
29973,
13,
1576,
1283,
1220,
2130,
4682,
515,
18623,
18513,
16869,
366,
18195,
322,
4078,
24609,
29892,
1584,
746,
366,
505,
694,
3957,
304,
281,
6832,
29889,
13,
3112,
29915,
29879,
2289,
21620,
26771,
292,
29892,
3508,
29915,
29873,
372,
29973,
13,
10401,
366,
3585,
385,
26305,
297,
596,
4876,
541,
9566,
304,
788,
372,
29973,
13,
14925,
18513,
756,
385,
26305,
1083,
4995,
4682,
393,
10397,
1078,
445,
1108,
29889,
960,
596,
4876,
3743,
278,
1734,
26305,
313,
262,
599,
6969,
10276,
29897,
541,
366,
9566,
304,
2094,
2226,
372,
29892,
278,
7047,
674,
1083,
513,
366,
411,
263,
1835,
29899,
786,
29889,
13,
3047,
278,
18623,
18513,
26305,
2740,
4682,
29892,
366,
508,
5948,
1284,
10641,
1860,
366,
29915,
345,
2665,
2440,
8020,
29889,
3387,
1134,
297,
760,
310,
278,
934,
1024,
322,
18623,
18513,
674,
6963,
372,
701,
363,
366,
29991,
13,
14925,
18513,
3732,
372,
2428,
4780,
304,
788,
10641,
1860,
304,
596,
24609,
29889,
3387,
3763,
8338,
322,
5768,
963,
964,
278,
18422,
3474,
322,
372,
29915,
645,
6336,
1369,
6441,
292,
963,
29889,
13,
4806,
29915,
345,
884,
23387,
411,
934,
8635,
11446,
763,
20724,
1884,
322,
360,
2412,
29877,
304,
1207,
372,
1584,
6775,
304,
6441,
2066,
515,
596,
9570,
8635,
29889,
13,
14084,
2828,
278,
18067,
27673,
472,
278,
5970,
310,
278,
3474,
304,
788,
596,
20724,
1884,
29914,
29928,
2412,
29877,
934,
29889,
13,
14925,
18513,
3732,
372,
4780,
304,
10366,
7929,
25957,
577,
393,
366,
29915,
276,
451,
269,
24377,
1549,
2305,
8951,
297,
596,
6958,
1051,
29889,
13,
1576,
7047,
947,
445,
6336,
29892,
541,
297,
278,
1741,
393,
1023,
25957,
9455,
29915,
29873,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
29995,
2788,
29892,
366,
508,
7522,
6755,
278,
2322,
321,
29899,
2549,
3633,
29889,
13,
3047,
18623,
18513,
29892,
366,
508,
5948,
3509,
25957,
515,
1422,
4876,
15303,
322,
2058,
963,
964,
6471,
29889,
13,
3492,
508,
7522
] | 1,024 | C4 | 0.061208 | -1.213434 | -0.603078 | 0.324821 |
import them or simply use our drag and drop feature. Select a contact from your account and drag it into the group you made in Mailbird.
Work email has never been easier.
Did you know that people spend around 2.5 hours a day reading emails?
With the unique Mailbird speed reader feature, you'll be able to jump through your e-mails in a jiffy.
It works by showing you each word in an email one at a time to make it easier to process.
You have the choice of viewing 100 WPM (words per minute) to 1000 WPM.
You can triple the speed of your reading process!
Check out more about it in this Techcrunch article.
Mailbird makes it super easy to customize your interface to make it truly yours.
You can even add a custom theme as a background if you want!
You even have complete customizability regarding the layout.
You could choose small screen, 3 column & preview layouts to make sure your email client suits your preferences.
Another cool feature about Mailbird is the ability to add personalized signatures.
These can act as an online business card for your company, so it makes sense to add them to every email.
Just add your details and choose a design with Formswift and you can copy the signature into all your emails!
You have a bunch of keyboard shortcuts that could open and close windows, report spam and archive posts – all with one click!
Our favorite one is the Quick Compose shortcut though.
Just click Ctrl + Alt + Space and the Mailbird composer window will pop up immediately.
Granted, the quick action bar isn't a shortcut – it's actually an alternative to it.
Instead of remembering a bunch of shortcut keys, you have a drop down menu next to each contact that allows you to do a variety of things.
You could archive, snooze, reply, forward or delete a mail – all with a few clicks!
Get an overview of your week and never lose track of important dates again. The Mailbird Calendar integrations make keeping up with your busy schedule a little easier.
The Mailbird task managers make completing the million tasks on your plate fast and easy.
Need to conduct a quick chat or video conference with a contact or your team? The Mailbird chat and video conferencing integrations make collaboration simple.
Whether you are looking to build connections on LinkedIn or scroll through Facebook for a little comic relief, Mailbird social media integrations have you covered.
No more hassling with storage space! The Mailbird cloud storage integrations make storage painless so you don't have to stress about a full hard drive ever again.
Do you enjoy reading up about the latest news? The Mailbird blog integrations keep you in-the-know.
With all kinds of app integrations, Mailbird gives you an endless amount of tools and features to improve your email experience.
Mailbird is only available for Windows.
Mailbird offers you a free variant – Mailbird Lite that in itself is a great option.
If you truly want to experience the power of Mailbird though, you can opt for our paid variants.
The price ranges from $12/year for Pro ($59 for lifetime), and $20/month per person for Business.
If you're looking for a desktop alternative to web-based email, eM Client could be a good option.
This clean-cut and simply designed mail client supports all major mail servers including Microsoft Outlook, G Suite, Microsoft Exchange, iCloud and more.
eM Client combines your email, calendar, contacts and tasks in one place, making navigation easy.
eM Client provides helpful search features.
Whether you are trying to manage multiple email accounts, sort and organize incoming mail and outgoing mail, or utilize their customizable tools, eM Client has you covered.
How does message encryption work?
If you want to send an email with extremely sensitive information (think government classified documents!), message encryption is a great feature to have at hand.
This feature allows you to create a "keypair" – a passcode of sorts, that you can send to your recipient so that both of you can share encrypted email messages with complete privacy.
eM Client chat integrations allow you to communicate easily with your contacts. Better yet, you can send email files directly in the chat window without interrupting your chat flow.
Avoid grammar and spelling mistakes with the eM Client spell checker tool so that each message is presented correctly.
Not only are you able to easily search through your contacts, but your contacts can be synchronized with multiple services, including Gmail and iCloud | [
1053,
963,
470,
3763,
671,
1749,
8338,
322,
5768,
4682,
29889,
7605,
263,
6958,
515,
596,
3633,
322,
8338,
372,
964,
278,
2318,
366,
1754,
297,
18623,
18513,
29889,
13,
5531,
4876,
756,
2360,
1063,
6775,
29889,
13,
9260,
366,
1073,
393,
2305,
18864,
2820,
29871,
29906,
29889,
29945,
6199,
263,
2462,
5183,
24609,
29973,
13,
3047,
278,
5412,
18623,
18513,
6210,
9591,
4682,
29892,
366,
29915,
645,
367,
2221,
304,
12500,
1549,
596,
321,
29899,
2549,
29879,
297,
263,
432,
2593,
29891,
29889,
13,
3112,
1736,
491,
6445,
366,
1269,
1734,
297,
385,
4876,
697,
472,
263,
931,
304,
1207,
372,
6775,
304,
1889,
29889,
13,
3492,
505,
278,
7348,
310,
1776,
292,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
399,
13427,
313,
9303,
639,
11015,
29897,
304,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
29900,
399,
13427,
29889,
13,
3492,
508,
21954,
278,
6210,
310,
596,
5183,
1889,
29991,
13,
5596,
714,
901,
1048,
372,
297,
445,
1920,
305,
7283,
3322,
4274,
29889,
13,
14925,
18513,
3732,
372,
2428,
4780,
304,
2888,
675,
596,
5067,
304,
1207,
372,
19781,
15850,
29889,
13,
3492,
508,
1584,
788,
263,
2888,
10929,
408,
263,
3239,
565,
366,
864,
29991,
13,
3492,
1584,
505,
4866,
2888,
466,
3097,
11211,
278,
5912,
29889,
13,
3492,
1033,
6755,
2319,
4315,
29892,
29871,
29941,
1897,
669,
25267,
5912,
29879,
304,
1207,
1854,
596,
4876,
3132,
480,
1169,
596,
5821,
2063,
29889,
13,
2744,
1228,
12528,
4682,
1048,
18623,
18513,
338,
278,
11509,
304,
788,
7333,
1891,
1804,
3698,
29889,
13,
1349,
968,
508,
1044,
408,
385,
7395,
5381,
5881,
363,
596,
5001,
29892,
577,
372,
3732,
4060,
304,
788,
963,
304,
1432,
4876,
29889,
13,
14084,
788,
596,
4902,
322,
6755,
263,
2874,
411,
3812,
26792,
322,
366,
508,
3509,
278,
12608,
964,
599,
596,
24609,
29991,
13,
3492,
505,
263,
14928,
310,
12247,
21697,
29879,
393,
1033,
1722,
322,
3802,
5417,
29892,
3461,
805,
314,
322,
18871,
11803,
785,
599,
411,
697,
2828,
29991,
13,
29949,
332,
25448,
697,
338,
278,
26141,
3831,
852,
21697,
2466,
29889,
13,
14084,
2828,
315,
11742,
718,
10790,
718,
14121,
322,
278,
18623,
18513,
18422,
3474,
674,
1835,
701,
7389,
29889,
13,
3338,
9714,
29892,
278,
4996,
3158,
2594,
3508,
29915,
29873,
263,
21697,
785,
372,
29915,
29879,
2869,
385,
8671,
304,
372,
29889,
13,
3379,
1479,
310,
6456,
292,
263,
14928,
310,
21697,
6611,
29892,
366,
505,
263,
5768,
1623,
6143,
2446,
304,
1269,
6958,
393,
6511,
366,
304,
437,
263,
12875,
310,
2712,
29889,
13,
3492,
1033,
18871,
29892,
269,
1217,
29877,
911,
29892,
8908,
29892,
6375,
470,
5217,
263,
10524,
785,
599,
411,
263,
2846,
19367,
29991,
13,
2577,
385,
975,
1493,
310,
596,
4723,
322,
2360,
14074,
5702,
310,
4100,
10116,
1449,
29889,
450,
18623,
18513,
26431,
3990,
800,
1207,
12515,
701,
411,
596,
19587,
20410,
263,
2217,
6775,
29889,
13,
1576,
18623,
18513,
3414,
767,
18150,
1207,
1614,
1259,
278,
7284,
9595,
373,
596,
15284,
5172,
322,
4780,
29889,
13,
8139,
287,
304,
7512,
263,
4996,
13563,
470,
4863,
21362,
411,
263,
6958,
470,
596,
3815,
29973,
450,
18623,
18513,
13563,
322,
4863,
21388,
16750,
3990,
800,
1207,
24771,
2560,
29889,
13,
8809,
1979,
366,
526,
3063,
304,
2048,
12368,
373,
28547,
797,
470,
6355,
1549,
13327,
363,
263,
2217,
419,
293,
18892,
29892,
18623,
18513,
5264,
5745,
3990,
800,
505,
366,
10664,
29889,
13,
3782,
901,
298,
465,
1847,
411,
8635,
2913,
29991,
450,
18623,
18513,
9570,
8635,
3990,
800,
1207,
8635,
6788,
2222,
577,
366,
1016,
29915,
29873,
505,
304,
22884,
1048,
263,
2989,
2898,
7899,
3926,
1449,
29889,
13,
6132,
366,
13389,
5183,
701,
1048,
278,
9281,
9763,
29973,
450,
18623,
18513,
12618,
3990,
800,
3013,
366,
297,
29899,
1552,
29899,
28385,
29889,
13,
3047,
599,
17690,
310,
623,
3990,
800,
29892,
18623,
18513,
4076,
366,
385,
1095,
2222,
5253,
310,
8492,
322,
5680,
304,
11157,
596,
4876,
7271,
29889,
13,
14925,
18513,
338,
871,
3625,
363,
3852,
29889,
13,
14925,
18513,
16688,
366,
263,
3889,
17305,
785,
18623,
18513,
365,
568,
393,
297,
3528,
338,
263,
2107,
2984,
29889,
13,
3644,
366,
19781,
864,
304,
7271,
278,
3081,
310,
18623,
18513,
2466,
29892,
366,
508,
3523,
363,
1749,
12530,
29161,
29889,
13,
1576,
8666,
20238,
515,
395,
29896,
29906,
29914,
6360,
363,
1019,
3255,
29945,
29929,
363,
25423,
511,
322,
395,
29906,
29900,
29914,
10874,
639,
2022,
363,
15197,
29889,
13,
3644,
366,
29915,
276,
3063,
363,
263,
14616,
8671,
304,
1856,
29899,
6707,
4876,
29892,
321,
29924,
12477,
1033,
367,
263,
1781,
2984,
29889,
13,
4013,
5941,
29899,
7582,
322,
3763,
8688,
10524,
3132,
11286,
599,
4655,
10524,
12424,
3704,
7783,
4451,
6914,
29892,
402,
2166,
568,
29892,
7783,
24004,
29892,
474,
20442,
322,
901,
29889,
13,
29872,
29924,
12477,
4145,
1475,
596,
4876,
29892,
17684,
29892,
25957,
322,
9595,
297,
697,
2058,
29892,
3907,
11322,
4780,
29889,
13,
29872,
29924,
12477,
8128,
8444,
2740,
5680,
29889,
13,
8809,
1979,
366,
526,
1811,
304,
10933,
2999,
4876,
15303,
29892,
2656,
322,
2894,
675,
23235,
10524,
322,
714,
17696,
10524,
29892,
470,
3667,
675,
1009,
2888,
13902,
8492,
29892,
321,
29924,
12477,
756,
366,
10664,
29889,
13,
5328,
947,
2643,
20956,
664,
29973,
13,
3644,
366,
864,
304,
3638,
385,
4876,
411,
14154,
20502,
2472,
313,
386,
682,
5874,
770,
2164,
10701,
29991,
511,
2643,
20956,
338,
263,
2107,
4682,
304,
505,
472,
1361,
29889,
13,
4013,
4682,
6511,
366,
304,
1653,
263,
376,
446,
1478,
1466,
29908,
785,
263,
1209,
401,
310,
23551,
29892,
393,
366,
508,
3638,
304,
596,
23957,
993,
577,
393,
1716,
310,
366,
508,
6232,
23220,
4876,
7191,
411,
4866,
5999,
4135,
29889,
13,
29872,
29924,
12477,
13563,
3990,
800,
2758,
366,
304,
23120,
5948,
411,
596,
25957,
29889,
26965,
3447,
29892,
366,
508,
3638,
4876,
2066,
4153,
297,
278,
13563,
3474,
1728,
23754,
292,
596,
13563,
4972,
29889,
13,
29909,
5405,
25437,
322,
805,
7807,
28947,
411,
278,
321,
29924,
12477,
24779,
1423,
261,
5780,
577,
393,
1269,
2643,
338,
9132,
5149,
29889,
13,
3664,
871,
526,
366,
2221,
304,
5948,
2740,
1549,
596,
25957,
29892,
541,
596,
25957,
508,
367,
12231,
1891,
411,
2999,
5786,
29892,
3704,
402,
2549,
322,
474,
20442
] | 1,024 | C4 | 0.220156 | -1.095985 | -0.479121 | 0.02631 |
.
eM Client also lets you customize your contacts and includes communication and attachments history for each contact so that you always know where you left off last.
eM Client provides full offline access to your accounts so that you can still draft emails, manage contacts, and sort through your mail while off the grid.
eM Client comes with its own backup tool. It works in the background while the email app is running so that all of your most important messages, contacts, tasks and events are kept safe and sound.
There are a few syncing errors.
It is difficult to import an account that has a two-factor authentication set up.
While eM Client offers a free version, a single user can purchase the Pro version for a one-off fee of about $20. For more than one user, Pro version pricing starts at $27.
If you can't properly sync your emails to your email client, doesn't that defeat the purpose of having one? With Mailbird, you will never have syncing issues again.
Mailbird is much more than an email client. It's integrations with Slack, Whatsapp, Google Calendar, Todoist and more make it a unified console for all your communications. This saves you a huge amount of time every day.
This aesthetically pleasing e-mail client takes after the Windows 8 layout and brings it to Windows 10. The neatly organized inbox gives a visual experience to enhance your email experience.
Touchmail is a great option if you want to switch from a web-based email client.
TouchMail works with Windows and supports top email services like Gmail, Microsoft Outlook, Yahoo mail, and more via IMAP so that you no longer have to hassle with a default e-mail account.
The TouchMail color coding feature makes distinguishing between contacts and email accounts simple.
TouchMail displays your email lists in a variety of personalized colors based on the email account or contact.
Filter through your messages in seconds with the TouchMail filter feature. Filter by attachments, sender, date received, unread, or flagged messages to navigate through emails quickly.
No need to wait until an email opens. TouchMail lets you preview your emails without having to open them. Plus you can zoom out and get a bird's-eye view of where your emails are coming from.
This email client works with the majority of cloud storage services including OneDrive, Dropbox, Box, Google Drive and iCloud so you never lose important messages or information.
Get push notifications on all of your devices so you never miss an important message.
Now. For the feature from which this email client got its name.
TouchMail is built around touchscreen capabilities, hence the name TouchMail. Whether you feel like using a mouse and keyboard, touch, or pen, you can interact in whatever way you want.
They even provide a feature called one-touch delete that lets you delete one email or a group of emails in one go.
TouchMail supports integrations like Calendly for calendar and several 3rd party integrations as well.
It is difficult to recognize which emails are new and which have been opened.
The TouchMail free email client is suited for those of you with simple email tasks.TouchMail offers a Pro version, however, that extends functionality and allows for up to six email accounts. Get the Pro version for $29.99.
While TouchMail has geared its efforts toward aesthetics, the efforts from Mailbird have all gone toward making emails an easy task to cross off the list each day.
In Touchmail, it's difficult to distinguish between opened and new emails and you might miss out on important emails. You won't face this problem in Mailbird.
Touchmail lacks a lot of additional functionality like unsend emails and snooze inbox – which can be incredibly useful.
Before we dig deeper into the functionality of Opera Mail, we do want to mention that Opera Mail is no longer being developed and there is no customer support. However, it is still available and is still a good email client, which is why it's on our list.
Some of the top features of Opera Mail are its intuitive tagging feature, which I will soon discuss. Just like Mailbird and eM Client, Opera Mail has a sidebar on the right that integrates Apps, Calendar and Todo-lists.
Opera Mail sports an excellent tagging and labeling system, with a central email inbox and individual folders for each account.
Their intuitive tagging feature will send incoming emails from a web-based email client to your personalized folders so that you don't have to sort them yourself.
Having numerous email accounts isn't an issue with this email | [
29889,
13,
29872,
29924,
12477,
884,
16869,
366,
2888,
675,
596,
25957,
322,
7805,
12084,
322,
10641,
1860,
4955,
363,
1269,
6958,
577,
393,
366,
2337,
1073,
988,
366,
2175,
1283,
1833,
29889,
13,
29872,
29924,
12477,
8128,
2989,
1283,
1220,
2130,
304,
596,
15303,
577,
393,
366,
508,
1603,
18195,
24609,
29892,
10933,
25957,
29892,
322,
2656,
1549,
596,
10524,
1550,
1283,
278,
6856,
29889,
13,
29872,
29924,
12477,
5304,
411,
967,
1914,
16199,
5780,
29889,
739,
1736,
297,
278,
3239,
1550,
278,
4876,
623,
338,
2734,
577,
393,
599,
310,
596,
1556,
4100,
7191,
29892,
25957,
29892,
9595,
322,
4959,
526,
8126,
9109,
322,
6047,
29889,
13,
8439,
526,
263,
2846,
16523,
292,
4436,
29889,
13,
3112,
338,
5189,
304,
1053,
385,
3633,
393,
756,
263,
1023,
29899,
19790,
10760,
731,
701,
29889,
13,
8809,
488,
321,
29924,
12477,
16688,
263,
3889,
1873,
29892,
263,
2323,
1404,
508,
20590,
278,
1019,
1873,
363,
263,
697,
29899,
2696,
27684,
310,
1048,
395,
29906,
29900,
29889,
1152,
901,
1135,
697,
1404,
29892,
1019,
1873,
544,
18499,
8665,
472,
395,
29906,
29955,
29889,
13,
3644,
366,
508,
29915,
29873,
6284,
16523,
596,
24609,
304,
596,
4876,
3132,
29892,
1838,
29915,
29873,
393,
20653,
278,
6437,
310,
2534,
697,
29973,
2973,
18623,
18513,
29892,
366,
674,
2360,
505,
16523,
292,
5626,
1449,
29889,
13,
14925,
18513,
338,
1568,
901,
1135,
385,
4876,
3132,
29889,
739,
29915,
29879,
3990,
800,
411,
317,
2364,
29892,
806,
1446,
932,
29892,
5087,
26431,
29892,
7561,
29877,
391,
322,
901,
1207,
372,
263,
443,
2164,
2991,
363,
599,
596,
7212,
800,
29889,
910,
27401,
366,
263,
12176,
5253,
310,
931,
1432,
2462,
29889,
13,
4013,
263,
342,
9188,
1711,
5644,
5832,
321,
29899,
2549,
3132,
4893,
1156,
278,
3852,
29871,
29947,
5912,
322,
23522,
372,
304,
3852,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29889,
450,
28539,
368,
19098,
297,
1884,
4076,
263,
7604,
7271,
304,
26371,
749,
596,
4876,
7271,
29889,
13,
15852,
2549,
338,
263,
2107,
2984,
565,
366,
864,
304,
4607,
515,
263,
1856,
29899,
6707,
4876,
3132,
29889,
13,
15852,
14925,
1736,
411,
3852,
322,
11286,
2246,
4876,
5786,
763,
402,
2549,
29892,
7783,
4451,
6914,
29892,
612,
26779,
10524,
29892,
322,
901,
3025,
306,
23827,
577,
393,
366,
694,
5520,
505,
304,
298,
465,
280,
411,
263,
2322,
321,
29899,
2549,
3633,
29889,
13,
1576,
28675,
14925,
2927,
14137,
4682,
3732,
10121,
14424,
1546,
25957,
322,
4876,
15303,
2560,
29889,
13,
15852,
14925,
14423,
596,
4876,
8857,
297,
263,
12875,
310,
7333,
1891,
11955,
2729,
373,
278,
4876,
3633,
470,
6958,
29889,
13,
5072,
1549,
596,
7191,
297,
6923,
411,
278,
28675,
14925,
4175,
4682,
29889,
19916,
491,
10641,
1860,
29892,
10004,
29892,
2635,
4520,
29892,
443,
949,
29892,
470,
7353,
3192,
7191,
304,
23624,
1549,
24609,
9098,
29889,
13,
3782,
817,
304,
4480,
2745,
385,
4876,
13246,
29889,
28675,
14925,
16869,
366,
25267,
596,
24609,
1728,
2534,
304,
1722,
963,
29889,
15113,
366,
508,
19342,
714,
322,
679,
263,
11199,
29915,
29879,
29899,
1032,
29872,
1776,
310,
988,
596,
24609,
526,
6421,
515,
29889,
13,
4013,
4876,
3132,
1736,
411,
278,
13638,
310,
9570,
8635,
5786,
3704,
3118,
29928,
4401,
29892,
20724,
1884,
29892,
11773,
29892,
5087,
22850,
322,
474,
20442,
577,
366,
2360,
14074,
4100,
7191,
470,
2472,
29889,
13,
2577,
5503,
25913,
373,
599,
310,
596,
9224,
577,
366,
2360,
3052,
385,
4100,
2643,
29889,
13,
10454,
29889,
1152,
278,
4682,
515,
607,
445,
4876,
3132,
2355,
967,
1024,
29889,
13,
15852,
14925,
338,
4240,
2820,
6023,
10525,
27108,
29892,
8151,
278,
1024,
28675,
14925,
29889,
26460,
366,
4459,
763,
773,
263,
9495,
322,
12247,
29892,
6023,
29892,
470,
6584,
29892,
366,
508,
16254,
297,
6514,
982,
366,
864,
29889,
13,
15597,
1584,
3867,
263,
4682,
2000,
697,
29899,
16747,
5217,
393,
16869,
366,
5217,
697,
4876,
470,
263,
2318,
310,
24609,
297,
697,
748,
29889,
13,
15852,
14925,
11286,
3990,
800,
763,
3037,
355,
368,
363,
17684,
322,
3196,
29871,
29941,
5499,
6263,
3990,
800,
408,
1532,
29889,
13,
3112,
338,
5189,
304,
18720,
607,
24609,
526,
716,
322,
607,
505,
1063,
6496,
29889,
13,
1576,
28675,
14925,
3889,
4876,
3132,
338,
480,
1573,
363,
1906,
310,
366,
411,
2560,
4876,
9595,
29889,
15852,
14925,
16688,
263,
1019,
1873,
29892,
3138,
29892,
393,
4988,
9863,
322,
6511,
363,
701,
304,
4832,
4876,
15303,
29889,
3617,
278,
1019,
1873,
363,
395,
29906,
29929,
29889,
29929,
29929,
29889,
13,
8809,
488,
28675,
14925,
756,
1737,
1965,
967,
14231,
11183,
263,
342,
9188,
1199,
29892,
278,
14231,
515,
18623,
18513,
505,
599,
7695,
11183,
3907,
24609,
385,
4780,
3414,
304,
4891,
1283,
278,
1051,
1269,
2462,
29889,
13,
797,
28675,
2549,
29892,
372,
29915,
29879,
5189,
304,
20820,
1546,
6496,
322,
716,
24609,
322,
366,
1795,
3052,
714,
373,
4100,
24609,
29889,
887,
2113,
29915,
29873,
3700,
445,
1108,
297,
18623,
18513,
29889,
13,
15852,
2549,
425,
4684,
263,
3287,
310,
5684,
9863,
763,
443,
6717,
24609,
322,
269,
1217,
29877,
911,
297,
1884,
785,
607,
508,
367,
29811,
14981,
5407,
29889,
13,
18743,
591,
4697,
25871,
964,
278,
9863,
310,
19198,
18623,
29892,
591,
437,
864,
304,
3585,
393,
19198,
18623,
338,
694,
5520,
1641,
8906,
322,
727,
338,
694,
11962,
2304,
29889,
2398,
29892,
372,
338,
1603,
3625,
322,
338,
1603,
263,
1781,
4876,
3132,
29892,
607,
338,
2020,
372,
29915,
29879,
373,
1749,
1051,
29889,
13,
9526,
310,
278,
2246,
5680,
310,
19198,
18623,
526,
967,
27951,
573,
4055,
3460,
4682,
29892,
607,
306,
674,
4720,
5353,
29889,
3387,
763,
18623,
18513,
322,
321,
29924,
12477,
29892,
19198,
18623,
756,
263,
2625,
1646,
373,
278,
1492,
393,
3990,
1078,
2401,
29879,
29892,
26431,
322,
7561,
29877,
29899,
21513,
29889,
13,
7094,
29874,
18623,
14717,
385,
15129,
4055,
3460,
322,
3858,
292,
1788,
29892,
411,
263,
6555,
4876,
297,
1884,
322,
5375,
16495,
363,
1269,
3633,
29889,
13,
1576,
381,
27951,
573,
4055,
3460,
4682,
674,
3638,
23235,
24609,
515,
263,
1856,
29899,
6707,
4876,
3132,
304,
596,
7333,
1891,
16495,
577,
393,
366,
1016,
29915,
29873,
505,
304,
2656,
963,
7535,
29889,
13,
29950,
5555,
12727,
4876,
15303,
3508,
29915,
29873,
385,
2228,
411,
445,
4876
] | 1,024 | C4 | 0.052378 | -0.912348 | -0.62751 | 0.049078 |
client considering you can connect an unlimited number of accounts.
Got slow internet? Opera Mail offers a low bandwidth mode for slow connections or for when you are using your mobile device.
The sidebar mentioned earlier allows you to integrate with various apps such as the ones shown above.
The software is no longer being developed, so there are no updates and improvements.
No customer support, which means that if you get stuck with a bug or a question – you will have to figure out a solution by yourself.
The setup takes a while.
Mailbird is being continuously developed and improved. Though Opera Mail is a great e-mail program, they are no longer developing their software.
Opera Mail isn't being developed anymore and offers no customer support. Mailbird has excellent customer support.
Opera Mail can't import data from a lot of modern email clients. As a result, trying to switch over to Opera Mail from another email client can be a difficult process. With Mailbird though, this process is extremely simple and straightforward.
Configuring the email settings in Opera Mail has always been a complicated task – onboarding can be difficult – Mailbird is super easy to set up.
This native Mac program, known as Apple Mail, Mail.app, or just Mail, is a no-nonsense email client that supports all your accounts in a smart and straightforward UI.
Apple Mail is the best email client for users that want simple, old-fashioned email organization with solid filing and archiving functions and not too many extra features.
Apple Mail provides 5GB of iCloud storage for free.
The Apple Mail interface fits with Apple device interfaces, making it just another easy-to-use app.
Apple Mail allows for multiple accounts in iCloud, IMAP, POP and Exchange.
The Apple Mail Drop feature, yes the same one that works with iCloud, allows you to send large attachments without having to use your 5GB of storage space.
No more penciling things into your calendar or relying on your memory for important dates.
Apple Mail detects when your messages include an event or date that needs to be scheduled into iCalendar.
Spice up your email and create unique signatures that can even include pictures.
Like any email provider, each email account you use in Apple Mail comes with the standard inbox, sent, drafts and trash mailboxes.
Apple Mail also lets you create customizable mailboxes so that you can stay more organized.
Want a mailbox designated solely to one of your hobbies? What about a mailbox dedicated to sports? Done.
Apple Mail is integrated with other Apple apps like iCalendar and iCloud.
Apple Mail doesn't have the features that many of the other email clients have such as analytics, snooze, customizable themes and built in add-ons.
The app constantly makes you re-enter your email password to prove you aren't a robot, which can be tiring.
Polymail has become a popular email clients for Mac. Not only for its light and clean interface but especially for its tracking and security tools. Supporting Google, Outlook, iCloud and Yahoo mail, Polymail believes in making email a productive workspace.
Polymail is also great for team collaborations.
Polymail allows you to snooze emails so that you can get to them later.
Polymail click & download tracking features let you see when recipients open your mail, download files or click links that you have sent.
Polymail email sharing feature lets you turn any email conversation into a web link, letting your team view and collaborate on it.
Integrations with apps like Slack and Salesforce make connecting with your teammates easy.
Polymail has built-in email analytics that give detailed reports and give you insights on your team's activity.
Want to do A/B testing with your emails campaigns? We recommend an email marketing platform like Litmus Mail.
Don't want to receive a certain newsletter anymore?
The Polymail one-click unsubscribe feature lets you clean up your inbox by quickly unsubscribing from newsletters you no longer want to see.
If no one replies to your message, Polymail will send you an automatic follow up reminder so you never miss out on a lead.
Polymail has a variety of integrations including Slack, Salesforce, and Asana.
There is no Android mobile version.
Polymail offers a 14 day free trial. After that users can upgrade to the Basic plan for $10 per user/month, the Premium plan for $24 per user/month, or the Enterprise plan for $49 per | [
3132,
13858,
366,
508,
4511,
385,
443,
29044,
1353,
310,
15303,
29889,
13,
29954,
327,
5232,
8986,
29973,
19198,
18623,
16688,
263,
4482,
3719,
2103,
4464,
363,
5232,
12368,
470,
363,
746,
366,
526,
773,
596,
10426,
4742,
29889,
13,
1576,
2625,
1646,
5276,
8859,
6511,
366,
304,
22782,
411,
5164,
11446,
1316,
408,
278,
6743,
4318,
2038,
29889,
13,
1576,
7047,
338,
694,
5520,
1641,
8906,
29892,
577,
727,
526,
694,
11217,
322,
28473,
29889,
13,
3782,
11962,
2304,
29892,
607,
2794,
393,
565,
366,
679,
10771,
411,
263,
6494,
470,
263,
1139,
785,
366,
674,
505,
304,
4377,
714,
263,
1650,
491,
7535,
29889,
13,
1576,
6230,
4893,
263,
1550,
29889,
13,
14925,
18513,
338,
1641,
3133,
5794,
8906,
322,
16710,
29889,
14832,
19198,
18623,
338,
263,
2107,
321,
29899,
2549,
1824,
29892,
896,
526,
694,
5520,
14338,
1009,
7047,
29889,
13,
7094,
29874,
18623,
3508,
29915,
29873,
1641,
8906,
15128,
322,
16688,
694,
11962,
2304,
29889,
18623,
18513,
756,
15129,
11962,
2304,
29889,
13,
7094,
29874,
18623,
508,
29915,
29873,
1053,
848,
515,
263,
3287,
310,
5400,
4876,
13154,
29889,
1094,
263,
1121,
29892,
1811,
304,
4607,
975,
304,
19198,
18623,
515,
1790,
4876,
3132,
508,
367,
263,
5189,
1889,
29889,
2973,
18623,
18513,
2466,
29892,
445,
1889,
338,
14154,
2560,
322,
20837,
29889,
13,
3991,
3864,
278,
4876,
6055,
297,
19198,
18623,
756,
2337,
1063,
263,
12092,
3414,
785,
373,
3377,
292,
508,
367,
5189,
785,
18623,
18513,
338,
2428,
4780,
304,
731,
701,
29889,
13,
4013,
7531,
4326,
1824,
29892,
2998,
408,
12113,
18623,
29892,
18623,
29889,
932,
29892,
470,
925,
18623,
29892,
338,
263,
694,
29899,
29876,
787,
1947,
4876,
3132,
393,
11286,
599,
596,
15303,
297,
263,
15040,
322,
20837,
3740,
29889,
13,
2052,
280,
18623,
338,
278,
1900,
4876,
3132,
363,
4160,
393,
864,
2560,
29892,
2030,
29899,
29888,
10904,
287,
4876,
13013,
411,
7773,
977,
292,
322,
3190,
4357,
3168,
322,
451,
2086,
1784,
4805,
5680,
29889,
13,
2052,
280,
18623,
8128,
29871,
29945,
7210,
310,
474,
20442,
8635,
363,
3889,
29889,
13,
1576,
12113,
18623,
5067,
23994,
411,
12113,
4742,
19510,
29892,
3907,
372,
925,
1790,
4780,
29899,
517,
29899,
1509,
623,
29889,
13,
2052,
280,
18623,
6511,
363,
2999,
15303,
297,
474,
20442,
29892,
306,
23827,
29892,
349,
4590,
322,
24004,
29889,
13,
1576,
12113,
18623,
20724,
4682,
29892,
4874,
278,
1021,
697,
393,
1736,
411,
474,
20442,
29892,
6511,
366,
304,
3638,
2919,
10641,
1860,
1728,
2534,
304,
671,
596,
29871,
29945,
7210,
310,
8635,
2913,
29889,
13,
3782,
901,
282,
3977,
6504,
2712,
964,
596,
17684,
470,
337,
5890,
373,
596,
3370,
363,
4100,
10116,
29889,
13,
2052,
280,
18623,
6459,
29879,
746,
596,
7191,
3160,
385,
1741,
470,
2635,
393,
4225,
304,
367,
21467,
964,
474,
17447,
29889,
13,
5592,
625,
701,
596,
4876,
322,
1653,
5412,
1804,
3698,
393,
508,
1584,
3160,
14956,
29889,
13,
27552,
738,
4876,
13113,
29892,
1269,
4876,
3633,
366,
671,
297,
12113,
18623,
5304,
411,
278,
3918,
297,
1884,
29892,
2665,
29892,
18195,
29879,
322,
534,
1161,
10524,
1884,
267,
29889,
13,
2052,
280,
18623,
884,
16869,
366,
1653,
2888,
13902,
10524,
1884,
267,
577,
393,
366,
508,
7952,
901,
19098,
29889,
13,
29956,
424,
263,
10524,
1884,
25373,
14419,
368,
304,
697,
310,
596,
298,
20838,
583,
29973,
1724,
1048,
263,
10524,
1884,
16955,
304,
14717,
29973,
25679,
29889,
13,
2052,
280,
18623,
338,
23387,
411,
916,
12113,
11446,
763,
474,
17447,
322,
474,
20442,
29889,
13,
2052,
280,
18623,
1838,
29915,
29873,
505,
278,
5680,
393,
1784,
310,
278,
916,
4876,
13154,
505,
1316,
408,
16114,
1199,
29892,
269,
1217,
29877,
911,
29892,
2888,
13902,
963,
267,
322,
4240,
297,
788,
29899,
787,
29889,
13,
1576,
623,
21003,
3732,
366,
337,
29899,
5893,
596,
4876,
4800,
304,
6356,
366,
9455,
29915,
29873,
263,
19964,
29892,
607,
508,
367,
260,
8491,
29889,
13,
7713,
29891,
2549,
756,
4953,
263,
5972,
4876,
13154,
363,
4326,
29889,
2216,
871,
363,
967,
3578,
322,
5941,
5067,
541,
7148,
363,
967,
23110,
322,
6993,
8492,
29889,
18601,
292,
5087,
29892,
4451,
6914,
29892,
474,
20442,
322,
612,
26779,
10524,
29892,
21755,
2549,
1339,
17180,
297,
3907,
4876,
263,
3234,
573,
664,
3493,
29889,
13,
7713,
29891,
2549,
338,
884,
2107,
363,
3815,
11465,
800,
29889,
13,
7713,
29891,
2549,
6511,
366,
304,
269,
1217,
29877,
911,
24609,
577,
393,
366,
508,
679,
304,
963,
2678,
29889,
13,
7713,
29891,
2549,
2828,
669,
5142,
23110,
5680,
1235,
366,
1074,
746,
23957,
10070,
1722,
596,
10524,
29892,
5142,
2066,
470,
2828,
2988,
393,
366,
505,
2665,
29889,
13,
7713,
29891,
2549,
4876,
19383,
4682,
16869,
366,
2507,
738,
4876,
14983,
964,
263,
1856,
1544,
29892,
27697,
596,
3815,
1776,
322,
11465,
403,
373,
372,
29889,
13,
23573,
800,
411,
11446,
763,
317,
2364,
322,
28389,
10118,
1207,
16791,
411,
596,
3815,
29885,
1078,
4780,
29889,
13,
7713,
29891,
2549,
756,
4240,
29899,
262,
4876,
16114,
1199,
393,
2367,
13173,
13676,
322,
2367,
366,
1663,
5861,
373,
596,
3815,
29915,
29879,
6354,
29889,
13,
29956,
424,
304,
437,
319,
29914,
29933,
6724,
411,
596,
24609,
11531,
29879,
29973,
1334,
6907,
385,
4876,
9999,
292,
7481,
763,
21395,
8366,
18623,
29889,
13,
10310,
29915,
29873,
864,
304,
7150,
263,
3058,
9763,
15670,
15128,
29973,
13,
1576,
21755,
2549,
697,
29899,
3808,
443,
19496,
4682,
16869,
366,
5941,
701,
596,
297,
1884,
491,
9098,
443,
1491,
7588,
10549,
515,
9763,
1026,
2153,
366,
694,
5520,
864,
304,
1074,
29889,
13,
3644,
694,
697,
1634,
3687,
304,
596,
2643,
29892,
21755,
2549,
674,
3638,
366,
385,
18428,
1101,
701,
1083,
4995,
577,
366,
2360,
3052,
714,
373,
263,
3275,
29889,
13,
7713,
29891,
2549,
756,
263,
12875,
310,
3990,
800,
3704,
317,
2364,
29892,
28389,
10118,
29892,
322,
1094,
1648,
29889,
13,
8439,
338,
694,
5669,
10426,
1873,
29889,
13,
7713,
29891,
2549,
16688,
263,
29871,
29896,
29946,
2462,
3889,
14260,
29889,
2860,
393,
4160,
508,
14955,
304,
278,
19219,
3814,
363,
395,
29896,
29900,
639,
1404,
29914,
10874,
29892,
278,
6097,
1974,
3814,
363,
395,
29906,
29946,
639,
1404,
29914,
10874,
29892,
470,
278,
9041,
7734,
3814,
363,
395,
29946,
29929,
639
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.074645 | -0.83513 | -0.114649 | 0.205922 |
user/month.
You no longer need a webmail client. This open-source email client is available for free on both Windows and Mac.
Thunderbird, from Firefox developer Mozilla, comes with a handful of filtering, searching, archiving and security features that make it worthy of being on our list.
With plenty of features and plug-ins, we're sure you will find something worth liking.
And because it is free, that means no ads or prompts to upgrade. However, the flip side is that they don't offer customer support.
Mozilla Thunderbird allows its users to sync unlimited email accounts.
With a plethora of chat integrations, you can talk to all of your contacts with ease.
Uploading large attachments can be frustrating and complicated. Mozilla Thunderbird allows users to speed up the transfers through what they call Filelink.
By using Filelink, you can now upload large files to an online storage provider and share the link instead.
Not only does this speed up your outgoing mail server but it eliminates the old-school way of sending large files, while also eliminating the chance that your message will be rejected by the receiver's mail server.
Not to mention you will save space in your sent folder and your recipient's inbox.
You no longer need to visit add-on websites to get what you want. Users can find and install add-ons and extensions inside of Thunderbird itself.
Users can search a web browser without leaving Thunderbird and are able to choose from a variety of search providers.
The Thunderbird setup wizard makes adding email accounts simple. Instead of having to deal with complicated IMAP, SMTP port and SSL/TLS settings, you simply give your name, email address and password, and Thunderbird does the rest.
Through integrations with apps like RadioGNU Protocol, manoderecha, TbSync and CardBook, Thunderbird makes managing and chatting with clients easy.
The interface isn't the prettiest or tidiest.
Many users feel that the setup process is very complicated and buggy.
While free software is great, it limits features and functionality. Mailbird lite (our free version) is surely great for those who are looking for simplicity and a little more organization in life. But isn't nice to at least have the choice to upgrade to better features, like say, email speed reader, snooze, priority support, attachment quick preview and more?
Mailbird gives you options so that your experience is exactly how you want it to be. Mailbird even lets you customize your interface so it looks exactly how you want it to look!
Thunderbird does tend to suffer from a few bugs. Users sometimes claim that clicking on the subject line can bring up the wrong email, and that subject lines often disappear temporarily. This wouldn't be too big an issue if Thunderbird is being actively developed, however there have been no updates for quite some time. As a result, most of these bug still remain.
Mailbird's team is constantly developing the software to ensure that there are no bugs to trouble you. And even if the odd one does creep in, they'll be on top of it in no time.
The Thunderbird setup can be a little complicated and take a bit of time. With Mailbird though, you'll be up and running in a few minutes!
One look at Spark and you'll know why it's on our list. With a great set of tools and features that focus on productivity, it provides a great user experience by automatically organizing your mail into personal, pinned and newsletter messages.
In case you accidentally displace an email, just shake your mobile device or hit the undo button and it will go right back to how it was before.
The Spark automatic folders make tagging and labeling easy so you're always able to find what you're looking for.
Their fast and clean interface won't lag or overload your inbox, meaning more work in less time.
Instead of notifying you for every email that comes in, Spark notifies you only when a message is important.
Spark intuitively adapts to you by prioritizing the features that you use most, meaning you don't have to spend time customizing your features.
What to know if someone has opened a message that you sent?
Spark can let you know when emails are opened so that you have an idea of what move to make next.
Spark offers a variety of integrations like Dropbox, Box, iCloud Drive, Evernote and Google Drive.
Spark stores your emails on their servers to push them to your devices. | [
1404,
29914,
10874,
29889,
13,
3492,
694,
5520,
817,
263,
1856,
2549,
3132,
29889,
910,
1722,
29899,
4993,
4876,
3132,
338,
3625,
363,
3889,
373,
1716,
3852,
322,
4326,
29889,
13,
1349,
5062,
18513,
29892,
515,
14418,
13897,
18129,
2911,
29892,
5304,
411,
263,
1361,
1319,
310,
21166,
29892,
11975,
29892,
3190,
4357,
322,
6993,
5680,
393,
1207,
372,
24717,
310,
1641,
373,
1749,
1051,
29889,
13,
3047,
20947,
310,
5680,
322,
18665,
29899,
1144,
29892,
591,
29915,
276,
1854,
366,
674,
1284,
1554,
7088,
4188,
292,
29889,
13,
2855,
1363,
372,
338,
3889,
29892,
393,
2794,
694,
594,
29879,
470,
9508,
29879,
304,
14955,
29889,
2398,
29892,
278,
285,
3466,
2625,
338,
393,
896,
1016,
29915,
29873,
5957,
11962,
2304,
29889,
13,
29924,
2112,
2911,
498,
5062,
18513,
6511,
967,
4160,
304,
16523,
443,
29044,
4876,
15303,
29889,
13,
3047,
263,
5644,
386,
2207,
310,
13563,
3990,
800,
29892,
366,
508,
5193,
304,
599,
310,
596,
25957,
411,
16326,
29889,
13,
3373,
13234,
2919,
10641,
1860,
508,
367,
1424,
4627,
1218,
322,
12092,
29889,
18129,
2911,
498,
5062,
18513,
6511,
4160,
304,
6210,
701,
278,
1301,
25534,
1549,
825,
896,
1246,
3497,
2324,
29889,
13,
2059,
773,
3497,
2324,
29892,
366,
508,
1286,
6441,
2919,
2066,
304,
385,
7395,
8635,
13113,
322,
6232,
278,
1544,
2012,
29889,
13,
3664,
871,
947,
445,
6210,
701,
596,
714,
17696,
10524,
1923,
541,
372,
10397,
1078,
278,
2030,
29899,
27041,
982,
310,
9348,
2919,
2066,
29892,
1550,
884,
10397,
1218,
278,
8825,
393,
596,
2643,
674,
367,
22225,
491,
278,
19870,
29915,
29879,
10524,
1923,
29889,
13,
3664,
304,
3585,
366,
674,
4078,
2913,
297,
596,
2665,
4138,
322,
596,
23957,
993,
29915,
29879,
297,
1884,
29889,
13,
3492,
694,
5520,
817,
304,
6493,
788,
29899,
265,
28007,
304,
679,
825,
366,
864,
29889,
23861,
508,
1284,
322,
2601,
788,
29899,
787,
322,
17752,
2768,
310,
498,
5062,
18513,
3528,
29889,
13,
5959,
508,
2740,
263,
1856,
4714,
1728,
10124,
498,
5062,
18513,
322,
526,
2221,
304,
6755,
515,
263,
12875,
310,
2740,
1326,
11376,
29889,
13,
1576,
498,
5062,
18513,
6230,
281,
17909,
3732,
4417,
4876,
15303,
2560,
29889,
8669,
310,
2534,
304,
5376,
411,
12092,
306,
23827,
29892,
13766,
3557,
2011,
322,
17122,
29914,
29911,
8547,
6055,
29892,
366,
3763,
2367,
596,
1024,
29892,
4876,
3211,
322,
4800,
29892,
322,
498,
5062,
18513,
947,
278,
1791,
29889,
13,
29911,
1092,
820,
3990,
800,
411,
11446,
763,
9204,
29954,
11601,
1019,
5770,
29892,
767,
397,
406,
5815,
29892,
323,
29890,
21077,
322,
9160,
10967,
29892,
498,
5062,
18513,
3732,
767,
6751,
322,
521,
23980,
411,
13154,
4780,
29889,
13,
1576,
5067,
3508,
29915,
29873,
278,
758,
698,
12239,
470,
260,
8819,
342,
29889,
13,
14804,
4160,
4459,
393,
278,
6230,
1889,
338,
1407,
12092,
322,
6494,
1927,
29889,
13,
8809,
488,
3889,
7047,
338,
2107,
29892,
372,
13071,
5680,
322,
9863,
29889,
18623,
18513,
301,
568,
313,
473,
3889,
1873,
29897,
338,
18880,
2107,
363,
1906,
1058,
526,
3063,
363,
23205,
322,
263,
2217,
901,
13013,
297,
2834,
29889,
1205,
3508,
29915,
29873,
7575,
304,
472,
3203,
505,
278,
7348,
304,
14955,
304,
2253,
5680,
29892,
763,
1827,
29892,
4876,
6210,
9591,
29892,
269,
1217,
29877,
911,
29892,
20136,
2304,
29892,
26305,
4996,
25267,
322,
901,
29973,
13,
14925,
18513,
4076,
366,
3987,
577,
393,
596,
7271,
338,
3721,
920,
366,
864,
372,
304,
367,
29889,
18623,
18513,
1584,
16869,
366,
2888,
675,
596,
5067,
577,
372,
3430,
3721,
920,
366,
864,
372,
304,
1106,
29991,
13,
1349,
5062,
18513,
947,
10331,
304,
8812,
515,
263,
2846,
24557,
29889,
23861,
6041,
5995,
393,
14855,
373,
278,
4967,
1196,
508,
6963,
701,
278,
2743,
4876,
29892,
322,
393,
4967,
3454,
4049,
25417,
5382,
6275,
29889,
910,
7656,
29915,
29873,
367,
2086,
4802,
385,
2228,
565,
498,
5062,
18513,
338,
1641,
1044,
3598,
8906,
29892,
3138,
727,
505,
1063,
694,
11217,
363,
3755,
777,
931,
29889,
1094,
263,
1121,
29892,
1556,
310,
1438,
6494,
1603,
3933,
29889,
13,
14925,
18513,
29915,
29879,
3815,
338,
21003,
14338,
278,
7047,
304,
9801,
393,
727,
526,
694,
24557,
304,
7458,
366,
29889,
1126,
1584,
565,
278,
7736,
697,
947,
907,
1022,
297,
29892,
896,
29915,
645,
367,
373,
2246,
310,
372,
297,
694,
931,
29889,
13,
1576,
498,
5062,
18513,
6230,
508,
367,
263,
2217,
12092,
322,
2125,
263,
2586,
310,
931,
29889,
2973,
18623,
18513,
2466,
29892,
366,
29915,
645,
367,
701,
322,
2734,
297,
263,
2846,
6233,
29991,
13,
6716,
1106,
472,
20814,
322,
366,
29915,
645,
1073,
2020,
372,
29915,
29879,
373,
1749,
1051,
29889,
2973,
263,
2107,
731,
310,
8492,
322,
5680,
393,
8569,
373,
3234,
2068,
29892,
372,
8128,
263,
2107,
1404,
7271,
491,
6336,
2894,
5281,
596,
10524,
964,
7333,
29892,
282,
27464,
322,
9763,
15670,
7191,
29889,
13,
797,
1206,
366,
11423,
635,
766,
6689,
385,
4876,
29892,
925,
528,
1296,
596,
10426,
4742,
470,
7124,
278,
563,
29877,
2826,
322,
372,
674,
748,
1492,
1250,
304,
920,
372,
471,
1434,
29889,
13,
1576,
20814,
18428,
16495,
1207,
4055,
3460,
322,
3858,
292,
4780,
577,
366,
29915,
276,
2337,
2221,
304,
1284,
825,
366,
29915,
276,
3063,
363,
29889,
13,
1576,
381,
5172,
322,
5941,
5067,
2113,
29915,
29873,
11755,
470,
975,
1359,
596,
297,
1884,
29892,
6593,
901,
664,
297,
3109,
931,
29889,
13,
3379,
1479,
310,
451,
9215,
366,
363,
1432,
4876,
393,
5304,
297,
29892,
20814,
451,
11057,
366,
871,
746,
263,
2643,
338,
4100,
29889,
13,
29903,
6378,
27951,
3598,
7744,
29879,
304,
366,
491,
7536,
277,
5281,
278,
5680,
393,
366,
671,
1556,
29892,
6593,
366,
1016,
29915,
29873,
505,
304,
18864,
931,
2888,
5281,
596,
5680,
29889,
13,
5618,
304,
1073,
565,
4856,
756,
6496,
263,
2643,
393,
366,
2665,
29973,
13,
29903,
6378,
508,
1235,
366,
1073,
746,
24609,
526,
6496,
577,
393,
366,
505,
385,
2969,
310,
825,
4337,
304,
1207,
2446,
29889,
13,
29903,
6378,
16688,
263,
12875,
310,
3990,
800,
763,
20724,
1884,
29892,
11773,
29892,
474,
20442,
22850,
29892,
382,
3228,
866,
322,
5087,
22850,
29889,
13,
29903,
6378,
14422,
596,
24609,
373,
1009,
12424,
304,
5503,
963,
304,
596,
9224,
29889
] | 1,024 | C4 | 0.189589 | -0.837239 | -0.266176 | 0.317231 |
Spark stores your credentials for email accounts on their servers.
Services like Spam Filters, Pocket and many others aren't supported.
Doesn't show the counts of emails next to the folders.
Spark offers a free email client, but also offers a Premium version for $6.39 per active user/month (billed annually) or $7.99 per active user/month if billed monthly.
The top email clients for Linux are Evolution, Mailspring, Claws Mail and Geary.
This email client is great for Linux users looking for a solid and reliable account manager. Evolution is an open-source groupware application that doubles as an email client.
Evolution comes with smart task and contacts management tools, and a neat note-taking feature among other features.
Get notified on your desktop so you never miss an important message.
Evolution connects to both Google Mail and Office 365.
With this email client there's no need for extensions or plug-ins. Evolution provides a series of downloads that are made to fit right into their interface.
Evolution provides a package called "hunspell" that is downloadable so that your spelling is always on point.
Evolution uses SpamAssassin to provide a highly functional spam filter so that you don't have to waste time sorting through your spam yourself.
The Evolution virtual folders act like a search and filter tool. A virtual folder lets you view messages that may be in several different folders.
Evolution integrates email, calendar and address book all in one, making productivity and efficiency easier.
Evolution doesn't offer flexible message templates.
Evolution doesn't support the easy to read and attractive email text that most other email clients have.
Gnome products are not the most user-friendly.
While an old school interface may suit those of us who love the 90s, Mailbird provides a fresh and up-to-date email client that is easy to use and self-explanatory.
The set up in Mailbird is also far easier. While Gnome products require a bit of tech knowledge and time, the Mailbird setup is adaptable to any user. No need to get lost in a wormhole of confusing downloads.
The Mailbird setup and app integrations are far easier to manage and require minimal tech knowledge.
Lastly – because the Evolution interface is old school, it doesn't allow for much customization. Mailbird, on the other hand, provides features like a lite theme and a dark theme, as well as various layouts so that you like what you see when you log in each day.
Mailspring is the next generation of Nylas Mail. While it may seem like they are one and the same, you will quickly notice that it got some serious updates. This open-source email client offers a clean interface and an array of basic and useful email tools like snooze and unsend options, as well as link tracking and a unified inbox.
Because Mailspring has adopted a C++ core, it now uses 50% less RAM, syncs mail faster, and doesn't damage your battery.
Mailspring has quick reply templates that let you customize a library of emails every time you want to send a quick reply.
Their customizable, minimalist interface is easy to navigate and helpful for staying organized.
Mailspring offers various plug-ins and debugging extensions. They have also integrated with Odoo for lead generation.
You can't use Mailspring without creating a Mailspring ID.
There's no way to see messages as plain text.
Mailspring offers a free version, but also offers a more enhanced Pro version for $8/month.
While Mailbird offers both POP and IMAP, Mailspring only offers IMAP.
Mailspring users also have to create a Mailspring ID to use the software, which means another username and password to remember.
The Mailbird contact manager further provides a steep upgrade from the lack of an address book in Mailspring, allowing users quick access to their contacts and unified contact cards.
Claws Mail is a fast and lightweight email account manager that organizes even the messiest of emails.
Its simple and somewhat basic layout may not look as good as some of the other email clients on the list.
Nevertheless, Claws Mail provides a solid number of features, tools and plug-ins that focus around functionality. Claws Mail also provides a smart search feature for users to easily find contacts and emails.
The Claws Mail interface is simple and easy to navigate, with everything right in front of you.
Their plug | [
13,
29903,
6378,
14422,
596,
16140,
363,
4876,
15303,
373,
1009,
12424,
29889,
13,
13779,
763,
1706,
314,
2514,
2153,
29892,
349,
9749,
322,
1784,
4045,
9455,
29915,
29873,
6969,
29889,
13,
25125,
29876,
29915,
29873,
1510,
278,
18139,
310,
24609,
2446,
304,
278,
16495,
29889,
13,
29903,
6378,
16688,
263,
3889,
4876,
3132,
29892,
541,
884,
16688,
263,
6097,
1974,
1873,
363,
395,
29953,
29889,
29941,
29929,
639,
6136,
1404,
29914,
10874,
313,
18152,
839,
2889,
1474,
29897,
470,
395,
29955,
29889,
29929,
29929,
639,
6136,
1404,
29914,
10874,
565,
13181,
839,
4098,
368,
29889,
13,
1576,
2246,
4876,
13154,
363,
8074,
526,
382,
4068,
29892,
341,
2234,
2339,
29892,
6015,
5652,
18623,
322,
1879,
653,
29889,
13,
4013,
4876,
3132,
338,
2107,
363,
8074,
4160,
3063,
363,
263,
7773,
322,
23279,
3633,
8455,
29889,
382,
4068,
338,
385,
1722,
29899,
4993,
2318,
2519,
2280,
393,
27641,
408,
385,
4876,
3132,
29889,
13,
29923,
4068,
5304,
411,
15040,
3414,
322,
25957,
10643,
8492,
29892,
322,
263,
28539,
4443,
29899,
29873,
5086,
4682,
4249,
916,
5680,
29889,
13,
2577,
451,
2164,
373,
596,
14616,
577,
366,
2360,
3052,
385,
4100,
2643,
29889,
13,
29923,
4068,
4511,
29879,
304,
1716,
5087,
18623,
322,
11367,
29871,
29941,
29953,
29945,
29889,
13,
3047,
445,
4876,
3132,
727,
29915,
29879,
694,
817,
363,
17752,
470,
18665,
29899,
1144,
29889,
382,
4068,
8128,
263,
3652,
310,
5142,
29879,
393,
526,
1754,
304,
6216,
1492,
964,
1009,
5067,
29889,
13,
29923,
4068,
8128,
263,
3577,
2000,
376,
29882,
348,
1028,
514,
29908,
393,
338,
5142,
519,
577,
393,
596,
805,
7807,
338,
2337,
373,
1298,
29889,
13,
29923,
4068,
3913,
1706,
314,
7900,
465,
262,
304,
3867,
263,
10712,
13303,
805,
314,
4175,
577,
393,
366,
1016,
29915,
29873,
505,
304,
19863,
931,
16548,
1549,
596,
805,
314,
7535,
29889,
13,
1576,
382,
4068,
6901,
16495,
1044,
763,
263,
2740,
322,
4175,
5780,
29889,
319,
6901,
4138,
16869,
366,
1776,
7191,
393,
1122,
367,
297,
3196,
1422,
16495,
29889,
13,
29923,
4068,
3990,
1078,
4876,
29892,
17684,
322,
3211,
3143,
599,
297,
697,
29892,
3907,
3234,
2068,
322,
19201,
6775,
29889,
13,
29923,
4068,
1838,
29915,
29873,
5957,
25706,
2643,
17475,
29889,
13,
29923,
4068,
1838,
29915,
29873,
2304,
278,
4780,
304,
1303,
322,
13978,
573,
4876,
1426,
393,
1556,
916,
4876,
13154,
505,
29889,
13,
29954,
25155,
9316,
526,
451,
278,
1556,
1404,
29899,
18326,
368,
29889,
13,
8809,
488,
385,
2030,
3762,
5067,
1122,
14726,
1906,
310,
502,
1058,
5360,
278,
29871,
29929,
29900,
29879,
29892,
18623,
18513,
8128,
263,
10849,
322,
701,
29899,
517,
29899,
1256,
4876,
3132,
393,
338,
4780,
304,
671,
322,
1583,
29899,
735,
9018,
7606,
29889,
13,
1576,
731,
701,
297,
18623,
18513,
338,
884,
2215,
6775,
29889,
5806,
402,
25155,
9316,
1996,
263,
2586,
310,
734,
305,
7134,
322,
931,
29892,
278,
18623,
18513,
6230,
338,
7744,
519,
304,
738,
1404,
29889,
1939,
817,
304,
679,
5714,
297,
263,
281,
555,
29716,
310,
16051,
5142,
29879,
29889,
13,
1576,
18623,
18513,
6230,
322,
623,
3990,
800,
526,
2215,
6775,
304,
10933,
322,
1996,
13114,
734,
305,
7134,
29889,
13,
8897,
368,
785,
1363,
278,
382,
4068,
5067,
338,
2030,
3762,
29892,
372,
1838,
29915,
29873,
2758,
363,
1568,
2888,
2133,
29889,
18623,
18513,
29892,
373,
278,
916,
1361,
29892,
8128,
5680,
763,
263,
301,
568,
10929,
322,
263,
6501,
10929,
29892,
408,
1532,
408,
5164,
5912,
29879,
577,
393,
366,
763,
825,
366,
1074,
746,
366,
1480,
297,
1269,
2462,
29889,
13,
29924,
2234,
2339,
338,
278,
2446,
12623,
310,
405,
2904,
294,
18623,
29889,
5806,
372,
1122,
2833,
763,
896,
526,
697,
322,
278,
1021,
29892,
366,
674,
9098,
8369,
393,
372,
2355,
777,
10676,
11217,
29889,
910,
1722,
29899,
4993,
4876,
3132,
16688,
263,
5941,
5067,
322,
385,
1409,
310,
6996,
322,
5407,
4876,
8492,
763,
269,
1217,
29877,
911,
322,
443,
6717,
3987,
29892,
408,
1532,
408,
1544,
23110,
322,
263,
443,
2164,
297,
1884,
29889,
13,
29933,
5658,
341,
2234,
2339,
756,
16356,
263,
315,
1817,
7136,
29892,
372,
1286,
3913,
29871,
29945,
29900,
29995,
3109,
18113,
29892,
5222,
2395,
10524,
8473,
29892,
322,
1838,
29915,
29873,
18658,
596,
16988,
29889,
13,
29924,
2234,
2339,
756,
4996,
8908,
17475,
393,
1235,
366,
2888,
675,
263,
3489,
310,
24609,
1432,
931,
366,
864,
304,
3638,
263,
4996,
8908,
29889,
13,
1576,
381,
2888,
13902,
29892,
13114,
391,
5067,
338,
4780,
304,
23624,
322,
8444,
363,
7952,
292,
19098,
29889,
13,
29924,
2234,
2339,
16688,
5164,
18665,
29899,
1144,
322,
13490,
17752,
29889,
2688,
505,
884,
23387,
411,
438,
1867,
29877,
363,
3275,
12623,
29889,
13,
3492,
508,
29915,
29873,
671,
341,
2234,
2339,
1728,
4969,
263,
341,
2234,
2339,
3553,
29889,
13,
8439,
29915,
29879,
694,
982,
304,
1074,
7191,
408,
8656,
1426,
29889,
13,
29924,
2234,
2339,
16688,
263,
3889,
1873,
29892,
541,
884,
16688,
263,
901,
427,
29308,
1019,
1873,
363,
395,
29947,
29914,
10874,
29889,
13,
8809,
488,
18623,
18513,
16688,
1716,
349,
4590,
322,
306,
23827,
29892,
341,
2234,
2339,
871,
16688,
306,
23827,
29889,
13,
29924,
2234,
2339,
4160,
884,
505,
304,
1653,
263,
341,
2234,
2339,
3553,
304,
671,
278,
7047,
29892,
607,
2794,
1790,
8952,
322,
4800,
304,
6456,
29889,
13,
1576,
18623,
18513,
6958,
8455,
4340,
8128,
263,
1886,
1022,
14955,
515,
278,
10225,
310,
385,
3211,
3143,
297,
341,
2234,
2339,
29892,
14372,
4160,
4996,
2130,
304,
1009,
25957,
322,
443,
2164,
6958,
15889,
29889,
13,
20216,
5652,
18623,
338,
263,
5172,
322,
3578,
7915,
4876,
3633,
8455,
393,
2894,
7093,
1584,
278,
4473,
12239,
310,
24609,
29889,
13,
29902,
1372,
2560,
322,
10579,
6996,
5912,
1122,
451,
1106,
408,
1781,
408,
777,
310,
278,
916,
4876,
13154,
373,
278,
1051,
29889,
13,
29940,
1310,
16561,
29892,
6015,
5652,
18623,
8128,
263,
7773,
1353,
310,
5680,
29892,
8492,
322,
18665,
29899,
1144,
393,
8569,
2820,
9863,
29889,
6015,
5652,
18623,
884,
8128,
263,
15040,
2740,
4682,
363,
4160,
304,
5948,
1284,
25957,
322,
24609,
29889,
13,
1576,
6015,
5652,
18623,
5067,
338,
2560,
322,
4780,
304,
23624,
29892,
411,
4129,
1492,
297,
4565,
310,
366,
29889,
13,
1576,
381,
18665
] | 1,024 | C4 | 0.039472 | -0.51847 | -0.087078 | 0.291934 |
Jefferson Health MyChart
Call 1-800-JEFF-NOW
Abington Careers
Aria Careers
Jefferson Careers
Give to Abington
Give to Aria
Give to Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson University
About TJU
JeffMail
All Academic Programs >
Clinical Skills & Simulation Center
Interprofessional Education Center
Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center
Abington Doctors
Aria Doctors
Jefferson Doctors
Abington Appointments
Aria Appointments
Jefferson Appointments
Abington Services
Aria Services
Jefferson Services
Abington Locations
Aria Locations
Jefferson Locations
Tests & Treatments
Abington Hospital
Abington - Lansdale Hospital
Aria - Bucks County Hospital
Aria - Frankford Hospital
Aria - Torresdale Hospital
Thomas Jefferson University Hospital
Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience
Rothman Orthopaedic Specialty Hospital - Bensalem
View Locations Map >
Jefferson Outpatient Imaging
Myrna Brind Center of Integrative Medicine
To make an appointment, call
1-800-JEFF-NOW
Introducing Jefferson Health MyChart
Jefferson Health MyChart gives you free and secure access to your Jefferson Health medical record online - 24/7. We encourage you to use MyChart to actively manage and receive information about your health.
2017 JAZ Tank Challenge
The Jefferson Innovation Pillar is proud to announce the 3rd Annual JAZ Tank healthcare startup competition!
About Institutional Advancement
With thoughtful planning, you create win-win solutions for you and Jefferson. Many appealing ways of giving are available to you.
Generosity Heals
Watch these stories about why generosity matters, and how it can change our lives and future.
Scholarship giving changes a life
A matching opportunity made possible by the Sidney Kimmel Foundation makes now the right time to give.
Baligh R. Yehia, MD, MPP, MSc, FACP
President, Jefferson Health
Baligh R. Yehia is a nationally recognized physician leader who is passionate about community health and reducing health inequities. Dr. Yehia currently leads operations for Jefferson Health's 18 hospitals and more than 50 outpatient and urgent care locations throughout Pennsylvania and South Jersey. Additionally, he works collaboratively with enterprise leaders to enhance patient care, promote clinician engagement, and drive growth across the health system.
In January 2023, Dr. Yehia joined Jefferson from Ascension, one of the nation's largest nonprofit health systems, where he served as Senior Vice President and President of Ascension Medical Group (AMG). In these roles, he led system-wide health operations and high-priority initiatives, including population health, pharmacy services, behavioral health, virtual care and graduate medical education. He was also responsible for building and growing clinical programs and advancing quality, safety, patient experience and clinical engagement for AMG, whose nearly 9,000 clinicians serve more than 3.5 million individuals annually.
Previously, Dr. Yehia served in leadership roles at Johns Hopkins Medicine, the University of Pennsylvania, and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). During his tenure at the VA, he served on the senior leadership team and was the first VA Deputy Under Secretary for Health for Community Care. In this capacity, he oversaw VA's Community Care Network which included more than 550,000 partners that deliver outpatient, inpatient, telehealth and extended care services to more than 2 million veterans annually.
Dr. Yehia is trained in Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases. He earned his Bachelor of Science and medical degrees from the University of Florida. He completed his Internal Medicine residency at Johns Hopkins Hospital and his Infectious Diseases fellowship at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. Additionally, Dr. Yehia earned his Master of Public Policy from Princeton University and Master of Science in Health Policy Research from the University of Pennsylvania.
Dr. Yehia has published over 150 articles, abstracts and chapters in top healthcare journals, providing insight on patient engagement in healthcare and factors that influence access to care. He has served on numerous boards and councils, and is | [
29011,
15202,
1619,
14732,
13,
5594,
29871,
29896,
29899,
29947,
29900,
29900,
29899,
29967,
29923,
4198,
29899,
6632,
29956,
13,
4920,
4885,
10057,
414,
13,
29909,
2849,
10057,
414,
13,
29967,
12352,
1330,
10057,
414,
13,
29954,
573,
304,
1976,
4885,
13,
29954,
573,
304,
319,
2849,
13,
29954,
573,
304,
29011,
13,
1349,
18902,
29011,
3014,
13,
28173,
323,
29967,
29965,
13,
29967,
12352,
14925,
13,
3596,
16146,
293,
7835,
29879,
1405,
13,
29907,
1915,
936,
4971,
6090,
669,
3439,
2785,
7817,
13,
4074,
23221,
15750,
13151,
7817,
13,
29903,
333,
3801,
476,
6727,
295,
1815,
2265,
7817,
13,
4920,
4885,
1938,
14359,
13,
29909,
2849,
1938,
14359,
13,
29967,
12352,
1330,
1938,
14359,
13,
4920,
4885,
2401,
2461,
1860,
13,
29909,
2849,
2401,
2461,
1860,
13,
29967,
12352,
1330,
2401,
2461,
1860,
13,
4920,
4885,
15538,
13,
29909,
2849,
15538,
13,
29967,
12352,
1330,
15538,
13,
4920,
4885,
5976,
800,
13,
29909,
2849,
5976,
800,
13,
29967,
12352,
1330,
5976,
800,
13,
24376,
669,
6479,
271,
1860,
13,
4920,
4885,
15967,
13,
4920,
4885,
448,
365,
550,
23276,
15967,
13,
29909,
2849,
448,
16281,
29879,
5127,
15967,
13,
29909,
2849,
448,
4976,
4006,
15967,
13,
29909,
2849,
448,
4794,
690,
23276,
15967,
13,
1349,
18902,
29011,
3014,
15967,
13,
29967,
12352,
1330,
15967,
363,
17574,
1883,
15277,
13,
29934,
720,
1171,
23757,
459,
29874,
7486,
12630,
1017,
15967,
448,
350,
575,
12698,
13,
1043,
5976,
800,
7315,
1405,
13,
29967,
12352,
1330,
4451,
5031,
993,
1954,
6751,
13,
3421,
29878,
1056,
1771,
513,
7817,
310,
17100,
1230,
27529,
13,
1762,
1207,
385,
28573,
29892,
1246,
13,
29896,
29899,
29947,
29900,
29900,
29899,
29967,
29923,
4198,
29899,
6632,
29956,
13,
2928,
3518,
3277,
29011,
15202,
1619,
14732,
13,
29967,
12352,
1330,
15202,
1619,
14732,
4076,
366,
3889,
322,
11592,
2130,
304,
596,
29011,
15202,
16083,
2407,
7395,
448,
29871,
29906,
29946,
29914,
29955,
29889,
1334,
13731,
6617,
366,
304,
671,
1619,
14732,
304,
1044,
3598,
10933,
322,
7150,
2472,
1048,
596,
9045,
29889,
13,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
435,
29909,
29999,
323,
804,
27211,
13,
1576,
29011,
512,
13715,
362,
349,
453,
279,
338,
22314,
304,
7475,
346,
278,
29871,
29941,
5499,
8081,
950,
435,
29909,
29999,
323,
804,
9045,
18020,
20234,
13888,
29991,
13,
28173,
28218,
284,
2087,
3703,
13561,
13,
3047,
2714,
1319,
18987,
29892,
366,
1653,
5401,
29899,
5080,
6851,
363,
366,
322,
29011,
29889,
9267,
5929,
12818,
5837,
310,
6820,
526,
3625,
304,
366,
29889,
13,
5631,
359,
537,
940,
1338,
13,
24709,
1438,
15874,
1048,
2020,
1176,
359,
537,
13750,
29892,
322,
920,
372,
508,
1735,
1749,
12080,
322,
5434,
29889,
13,
4504,
10170,
3527,
6820,
3620,
263,
2834,
13,
29909,
9686,
15130,
1754,
1950,
491,
278,
19732,
3801,
476,
6727,
295,
10606,
3732,
1286,
278,
1492,
931,
304,
2367,
29889,
13,
22031,
1141,
390,
29889,
10134,
29882,
423,
29892,
20672,
29892,
16379,
29925,
29892,
341,
4421,
29892,
383,
2477,
29925,
13,
13504,
1693,
29892,
29011,
15202,
13,
22031,
1141,
390,
29889,
10134,
29882,
423,
338,
263,
5233,
635,
14831,
4824,
8910,
11822,
1058,
338,
15935,
403,
1048,
7881,
9045,
322,
27668,
9045,
297,
1686,
1907,
29889,
4942,
29889,
10134,
29882,
423,
5279,
11981,
6931,
363,
29011,
15202,
29915,
29879,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29418,
277,
1338,
322,
901,
1135,
29871,
29945,
29900,
714,
5031,
993,
322,
5065,
5362,
2562,
14354,
10106,
16636,
322,
4275,
14500,
29889,
19814,
29892,
540,
1736,
11465,
6703,
411,
3896,
7734,
20251,
304,
26371,
749,
16500,
2562,
29892,
27391,
24899,
8910,
3033,
5049,
29892,
322,
7899,
14321,
4822,
278,
9045,
1788,
29889,
13,
797,
5490,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29941,
29892,
4942,
29889,
10134,
29882,
423,
8772,
29011,
515,
1094,
29883,
2673,
29892,
697,
310,
278,
5233,
29915,
29879,
10150,
1661,
771,
9202,
9045,
6757,
29892,
988,
540,
6766,
408,
24260,
21400,
7178,
322,
7178,
310,
1094,
29883,
2673,
20795,
6431,
313,
5194,
29954,
467,
512,
1438,
16178,
29892,
540,
5331,
1788,
29899,
8157,
9045,
6931,
322,
1880,
29899,
29886,
21766,
14511,
5056,
29892,
3704,
4665,
9045,
29892,
1374,
2817,
4135,
5786,
29892,
6030,
284,
9045,
29892,
6901,
2562,
322,
10591,
403,
16083,
9793,
29889,
940,
471,
884,
14040,
363,
5214,
322,
15678,
24899,
936,
11104,
322,
3061,
19985,
11029,
29892,
15332,
29892,
16500,
7271,
322,
24899,
936,
3033,
5049,
363,
13862,
29954,
29892,
5069,
8886,
29871,
29929,
29892,
29900,
29900,
29900,
24899,
14722,
9080,
901,
1135,
29871,
29941,
29889,
29945,
7284,
15724,
2889,
1474,
29889,
13,
6572,
16604,
29892,
4942,
29889,
10134,
29882,
423,
6766,
297,
26001,
16178,
472,
1861,
1983,
20727,
11335,
27529,
29892,
278,
3014,
310,
16636,
29892,
322,
278,
501,
29889,
29903,
29889,
10317,
310,
478,
1308,
550,
26049,
313,
20449,
467,
7133,
670,
3006,
545,
472,
278,
478,
29909,
29892,
540,
6766,
373,
278,
16336,
26001,
3815,
322,
471,
278,
937,
478,
29909,
26721,
29891,
7634,
17719,
363,
15202,
363,
19184,
10057,
29889,
512,
445,
13284,
29892,
540,
288,
874,
1450,
478,
29909,
29915,
29879,
19184,
10057,
8527,
607,
5134,
901,
1135,
29871,
29945,
29945,
29900,
29892,
29900,
29900,
29900,
22056,
393,
12021,
714,
5031,
993,
29892,
297,
5031,
993,
29892,
4382,
354,
4298,
322,
10410,
2562,
5786,
304,
901,
1135,
29871,
29906,
7284,
25808,
550,
2889,
1474,
29889,
13,
25639,
29889,
10134,
29882,
423,
338,
16370,
297,
512,
1890,
27529,
322,
512,
3647,
2738,
360,
895,
2129,
29889,
940,
20591,
670,
13620,
12779,
310,
9327,
322,
16083,
14496,
515,
278,
3014,
310,
13813,
29889,
940,
8676,
670,
512,
1890,
27529,
620,
3615,
1270,
472,
1861,
1983,
20727,
11335,
15967,
322,
670,
512,
3647,
2738,
360,
895,
2129,
10404,
3527,
472,
278,
15967,
310,
278,
3014,
310,
16636,
29889,
19814,
29892,
4942,
29889,
10134,
29882,
423,
20591,
670,
9082,
310,
5236,
25219,
515,
1588,
3742,
20666,
3014,
322,
9082,
310,
9327,
297,
15202,
25219,
10550,
515,
278,
3014,
310,
16636,
29889,
13,
25639,
29889,
10134,
29882,
423,
756,
6369,
975,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29900,
7456,
29892,
9846,
29879,
322,
10708,
2153,
297,
2246,
9045,
18020,
21824,
1338,
29892,
13138,
25483,
373,
16500,
3033,
5049,
297,
9045,
18020,
322,
13879,
393,
9949,
2130,
304,
2562,
29889,
940,
756,
6766,
373,
12727,
1045,
3163,
322,
2613,
29883,
2719,
29892,
322,
338
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.269743 | -0.125242 | 0.072743 | 0.823182 |
###Introduction
LEDs (light-emitting diodes) are small, powerful lights that are used in many different applications. To start off the SIK for Photon, we will work on blinking an LED. Chances could be you have blinked on an LED before, or perhaps this is your first time -- but have you turned on an LED with the Internets? Blinking an LED is the most basic "Hello World" test for hardware, but now we're going to be saying "Hello Internet." This experiment will also walk you through uploading your first sketch with the Particle IDE.
####Parts Needed
You will need the following parts:
* **1x** Breadboard
* **1x** Photon
* **1x** LED (Choose any color in the bag full of LEDs)
* **1x** 330Ω Resistor
* **2x** Jumper Wires
####Suggested Reading
Before continuing on with this experiment, we recommend you be familiar with the concepts in the following tutorial:
* [LEDs (Light-emitting Diodes)](https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/light-emitting-diodes-leds) -- LEDs are found everywhere. Learn more about LEDs and why they are used in some many products all over the world.
* [Resistors](https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/resistors?_ga=1.67007470.1330965882.1426512336) -- Why use resistors? Learn more about resistors and why they are important in circuits like this one.
* [How to Use a Breadboard](https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/how-to-use-a-breadboard) -- Never used a breadboard before? Make sure to read this tutorial before continuing.
* [What is a Circuit?](tutorials/26) -- This tutorial will explain what a circuit is, as well as discuss voltage in further detail.
* [Voltage, Current, Resistance, and Ohm's Law](tutorials/27) -- Learn the basics of electricity.
* [Digital vs Analog](https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/analog-vs-digital) -- In this experiment, you will be hooking up an LED to a digital pin on the Photon RedBoard. This means your LED can be either ON or OFF. Learn more about the differences of using the digital pins vs the analog pins.
###Hardware Hookup
Ready to party? Components like resistors need to have their legs bent into 90° angles in order to correctly fit the breadboard sockets. You can also cut the legs shorter to make them easier to work with on the breadboard.
[](https://cdn.sparkfun.com/assets/learn_tutorials/2/7/5/resistor_bent_legs_drawing.png)
Pay close attention to the LED. The negative side of the LED is the short leg, marked with a flat edge.
[](https://cdn.sparkfun.com/assets/learn_tutorials/2/7/5/LED_drawing_01.png)
Each experiment will have a [Fritzing](http://fritzing.org/home/) hook-up diagram. Connect the components to the breadboard and Photon RedBoard by following the Fritzing diagram below:
Pay special attention to the component's markings indicating how to place it on the breadboard. Polarized components can only be connected to a circuit in one direction. Orientation matters for the following component: LED
[](https://cdn.sparkfun.com/assets/learn_tutorials/3/3/2/sik_photon_exp_01_blue | [
835,
25898,
13,
13,
20566,
29879,
313,
4366,
29899,
331,
5367,
652,
2631,
29897,
526,
2319,
29892,
13988,
26068,
393,
526,
1304,
297,
1784,
1422,
8324,
29889,
1763,
1369,
1283,
278,
22717,
29968,
363,
19040,
265,
29892,
591,
674,
664,
373,
1999,
18159,
385,
25023,
29889,
678,
2925,
1033,
367,
366,
505,
1999,
682,
287,
373,
385,
25023,
1434,
29892,
470,
6060,
445,
338,
596,
937,
931,
1192,
541,
505,
366,
6077,
373,
385,
25023,
411,
278,
2422,
1691,
29973,
350,
2324,
292,
385,
25023,
338,
278,
1556,
6996,
376,
10994,
2787,
29908,
1243,
363,
12837,
29892,
541,
1286,
591,
29915,
276,
2675,
304,
367,
5934,
376,
10994,
4685,
1213,
910,
7639,
674,
884,
6686,
366,
1549,
6441,
292,
596,
937,
21256,
411,
278,
3455,
2512,
15004,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
4136,
29925,
5708,
2448,
19226,
13,
13,
3492,
674,
817,
278,
1494,
5633,
29901,
13,
13,
29930,
3579,
29896,
29916,
1068,
350,
949,
3377,
13,
29930,
3579,
29896,
29916,
1068,
19040,
265,
13,
29930,
3579,
29896,
29916,
1068,
25023,
313,
15954,
852,
738,
2927,
297,
278,
19548,
2989,
310,
25023,
29879,
29897,
13,
29930,
3579,
29896,
29916,
1068,
29871,
29941,
29941,
29900,
30357,
2538,
2118,
13,
29930,
3579,
29906,
29916,
1068,
435,
398,
546,
399,
2658,
13,
13,
4136,
29903,
12981,
2868,
21439,
13,
13,
18743,
3133,
292,
373,
411,
445,
7639,
29892,
591,
6907,
366,
367,
9985,
411,
278,
22001,
297,
278,
1494,
9673,
29901,
13,
13,
29930,
518,
20566,
29879,
313,
20769,
29899,
331,
5367,
4671,
2631,
23192,
991,
597,
19668,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
12631,
29879,
29914,
4366,
29899,
331,
5367,
29899,
6051,
2631,
29899,
839,
29879,
29897,
1192,
25023,
29879,
526,
1476,
16978,
29889,
19530,
29876,
901,
1048,
25023,
29879,
322,
2020,
896,
526,
1304,
297,
777,
1784,
9316,
599,
975,
278,
3186,
29889,
13,
29930,
518,
1666,
391,
943,
850,
991,
597,
19668,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
12631,
29879,
29914,
690,
391,
943,
29973,
29918,
3249,
29922,
29896,
29889,
29953,
29955,
29900,
29900,
29955,
29946,
29955,
29900,
29889,
29896,
29941,
29941,
29900,
29929,
29953,
29945,
29947,
29947,
29906,
29889,
29896,
29946,
29906,
29953,
29945,
29896,
29906,
29941,
29941,
29953,
29897,
1192,
3750,
671,
9241,
943,
29973,
19530,
29876,
901,
1048,
9241,
943,
322,
2020,
896,
526,
4100,
297,
3449,
19544,
763,
445,
697,
29889,
29871,
13,
29930,
518,
5328,
304,
4803,
263,
350,
949,
3377,
850,
991,
597,
19668,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
12631,
29879,
29914,
3525,
29899,
517,
29899,
1509,
29899,
29874,
29899,
29890,
949,
3377,
29897,
1192,
12391,
1304,
263,
18423,
3377,
1434,
29973,
8561,
1854,
304,
1303,
445,
9673,
1434,
3133,
292,
29889,
13,
29930,
518,
5618,
338,
263,
12594,
3121,
10846,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29906,
29953,
29897,
1192,
29871,
910,
9673,
674,
5649,
825,
263,
11369,
338,
29892,
408,
1532,
408,
5353,
11749,
297,
4340,
9493,
29889,
13,
29930,
518,
13072,
29873,
482,
29892,
9626,
29892,
2538,
21558,
29892,
322,
6439,
29885,
29915,
29879,
7927,
850,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29906,
29955,
29897,
1192,
19530,
29876,
278,
2362,
1199,
310,
12646,
537,
29889,
29871,
13,
29930,
518,
27103,
7186,
11597,
468,
850,
991,
597,
19668,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
12631,
29879,
29914,
7054,
468,
29899,
4270,
29899,
7501,
2410,
29897,
1192,
512,
445,
7639,
29892,
366,
674,
367,
12422,
292,
701,
385,
25023,
304,
263,
13436,
12534,
373,
278,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
29889,
910,
2794,
596,
25023,
508,
367,
2845,
6732,
470,
438,
4198,
29889,
19530,
29876,
901,
1048,
278,
12651,
310,
773,
278,
13436,
282,
1144,
7186,
278,
15690,
282,
1144,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
2277,
29937,
29950,
538,
2519,
29612,
786,
13,
13,
28181,
304,
6263,
29973,
422,
9340,
763,
9241,
943,
817,
304,
505,
1009,
21152,
26148,
964,
29871,
29929,
29900,
30073,
23619,
297,
1797,
304,
5149,
6216,
278,
18423,
3377,
577,
9737,
29889,
887,
508,
884,
5700,
278,
21152,
20511,
304,
1207,
963,
6775,
304,
664,
411,
373,
278,
18423,
3377,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
29961,
21298,
29933,
296,
620,
2118,
850,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29906,
29914,
29955,
29914,
29945,
29914,
690,
2118,
29918,
29890,
296,
29918,
1397,
29879,
29918,
4012,
292,
29889,
2732,
23192,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29906,
29914,
29955,
29914,
29945,
29914,
690,
2118,
29918,
29890,
296,
29918,
1397,
29879,
29918,
4012,
292,
29889,
2732,
29897,
13,
13,
15467,
3802,
8570,
304,
278,
25023,
29889,
450,
8178,
2625,
310,
278,
25023,
338,
278,
3273,
2814,
29892,
10902,
411,
263,
12151,
7636,
29889,
13,
13,
29961,
21298,
20566,
11580,
850,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29906,
29914,
29955,
29914,
29945,
29914,
20566,
29918,
4012,
292,
29918,
29900,
29896,
29889,
2732,
23192,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29906,
29914,
29955,
29914,
29945,
29914,
20566,
29918,
4012,
292,
29918,
29900,
29896,
29889,
2732,
29897,
13,
13,
9760,
7639,
674,
505,
263,
518,
29943,
18238,
292,
850,
1124,
597,
29888,
18238,
292,
29889,
990,
29914,
5184,
4551,
12422,
29899,
786,
13722,
29889,
14971,
278,
7117,
304,
278,
18423,
3377,
322,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
491,
1494,
278,
22839,
292,
13722,
2400,
29901,
13,
13,
15467,
4266,
8570,
304,
278,
4163,
29915,
29879,
2791,
886,
23941,
920,
304,
2058,
372,
373,
278,
18423,
3377,
29889,
2043,
279,
1891,
7117,
508,
871,
367,
6631,
304,
263,
11369,
297,
697,
5305,
29889,
11678,
9233,
13750,
363,
278,
1494,
4163,
29901,
25023,
13,
13,
29961,
21298,
4819,
327,
265,
3455,
2512,
350,
2324,
25023,
850,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
29878,
29914,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29899,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
29879,
638,
29918,
561,
327,
265,
29918,
4548,
29918,
29900,
29896,
29918,
9539,
29918,
839,
29889,
2732,
23192,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
29879,
638,
29918,
561,
327,
265,
29918,
4548,
29918,
29900,
29896,
29918,
9539
] | 1,024 | Github | -0.305256 | -0.116157 | -0.00302 | 1.959041 |
_led.png)
Having a hard time seeing the circuit? Click on the Fritzing diagram to see a bigger image.
All jumper wires work the same. They are used to connect two points together. All the experiments will show the wires with different colored insulations for clarity, but using different combinations of colors is completely acceptable.
Be sure to the polarity on the LED is correct. The longer lead should be connected to D0.
###Time for some code!
Now to the exciting part! You'll need to go to the **[Particle Build IDE](https://build.particle.io)** (preferably on another tab or window) to get started. If you are not familiar with the Particle Build IDE, please refer to the [Particle Build IDE documentation](https://docs.particle.io/guide/getting-started/build/photon/#web-ide) or the [Particle Build IDE]() overview in the beginning of this guide.
Using an online IDE might be little different at first for some users, but it ends up being fantastic. You can program your Photon from anywhere in the world as long as you have an Internet connection.
Double check your Photon RedBoard's RGB LED is breathing cyan. If it is, then your Photon RedBoard is connected to the Internet and ready to go. If your Photon RedBoard is not breathing cyan, please refer to the [Connecting your Photon to WiFi documentation](https://docs.particle.io/guide/getting-started/connect/photon/). If you go to the navigation bar, click on **Devices** to see if your Photon RedBoard is connected.
[](https://cdn.sparkfun.com/assets/learn_tutorials/3/3/2/ScreenShotDeviceFound.png)
There will be a breathing cyan dot next to your Photon RedBoard in the **Devices** section.
For each experiment, we recommend creating a new app. Go to the **Code** section in the navigation bar on the left. The hit the **CREATE NEW APP** button. After typing in the name, you can hit enter.
[](https://cdn.sparkfun.com/assets/learn_tutorials/3/3/2/ScreenShotBlink_1.png)
When you create a new app, particle build creates an .ino file and renames the tab in the Particle Build editor.
Let's add the code! Copy and paste the code below into the in Particle Build editor.
language:c
/* SparkFun Inventor's Kit for Photon
Experiment 1 - Part 1: Hello World Blink an LED
This sketch was written by SparkFun Electronics
August 31, 2015
https://github.com/sparkfun
This is a simple example sketch that turns on an LED
for one second, off for one second, and repeats forever.
Development environment specifics:
Particle Build environment (https://www.particle.io/build)
Particle Photon RedBoard
Released under the MIT License(http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
*/
int led = D0; // LED is connected to D0
// This routine runs only once upon reset
void setup()
{
pinMode(led, OUTPUT); // Initialize D0 pin as output
}
// This routine loops forever
void loop()
{
digitalWrite(led, HIGH); // Turn ON the LED
delay(1000); // Wait for 1000mS = 1 second
digitalWrite(led, LOW); // Turn OFF the LED
delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second
}
Once you've pasted the code into the window, let's get | [
29918,
839,
29889,
2732,
29897,
29871,
13,
13,
13,
29950,
5555,
263,
2898,
931,
8790,
278,
11369,
29973,
16297,
373,
278,
22839,
292,
13722,
304,
1074,
263,
16600,
1967,
29889,
13,
13,
3596,
432,
398,
546,
281,
2658,
664,
278,
1021,
29889,
2688,
526,
1304,
304,
4511,
1023,
3291,
4208,
29889,
2178,
278,
15729,
674,
1510,
278,
281,
2658,
411,
1422,
28684,
1663,
8250,
363,
7542,
537,
29892,
541,
773,
1422,
18240,
310,
11955,
338,
6446,
22691,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
3629,
1854,
304,
278,
16755,
537,
373,
278,
25023,
338,
1959,
29889,
450,
5520,
3275,
881,
367,
6631,
304,
360,
29900,
29889,
13,
13,
2277,
29937,
2481,
363,
777,
775,
29991,
13,
13,
10454,
304,
278,
5566,
11407,
760,
29991,
887,
29915,
645,
817,
304,
748,
304,
278,
3579,
29961,
7439,
2512,
8878,
15004,
850,
991,
597,
4282,
29889,
1595,
2512,
29889,
601,
29897,
1068,
313,
1457,
571,
2197,
373,
1790,
4434,
470,
3474,
29897,
304,
679,
4687,
29889,
960,
366,
526,
451,
9985,
411,
278,
3455,
2512,
8878,
15004,
29892,
3113,
2737,
304,
278,
518,
7439,
2512,
8878,
15004,
5106,
850,
991,
597,
2640,
29889,
1595,
2512,
29889,
601,
29914,
13075,
29914,
29264,
29899,
2962,
287,
29914,
4282,
29914,
561,
327,
265,
8484,
2676,
29899,
680,
29897,
470,
278,
518,
7439,
2512,
8878,
15004,
29962,
580,
975,
1493,
297,
278,
6763,
310,
445,
10754,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
15156,
385,
7395,
15004,
1795,
367,
2217,
1422,
472,
937,
363,
777,
4160,
29892,
541,
372,
10614,
701,
1641,
13568,
6288,
29889,
887,
508,
1824,
596,
19040,
265,
515,
12214,
297,
278,
3186,
408,
1472,
408,
366,
505,
385,
4685,
3957,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
11843,
1423,
596,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
29915,
29879,
390,
7210,
25023,
338,
16172,
292,
5094,
273,
29889,
960,
372,
338,
29892,
769,
596,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
338,
6631,
304,
278,
4685,
322,
7960,
304,
748,
29889,
960,
596,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
338,
451,
16172,
292,
5094,
273,
29892,
3113,
2737,
304,
278,
518,
17918,
292,
596,
19040,
265,
304,
14570,
18800,
5106,
850,
991,
597,
2640,
29889,
1595,
2512,
29889,
601,
29914,
13075,
29914,
29264,
29899,
2962,
287,
29914,
6915,
29914,
561,
327,
265,
12495,
960,
366,
748,
304,
278,
11322,
2594,
29892,
2828,
373,
3579,
16618,
1575,
1068,
304,
1074,
565,
596,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
338,
6631,
29889,
13,
13,
29961,
21298,
11357,
10322,
310,
9224,
363,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
24630,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
29878,
29914,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29899,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
11357,
2713,
327,
11501,
9692,
29889,
2732,
23192,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
11357,
2713,
327,
11501,
9692,
29889,
2732,
29897,
13,
13,
8439,
674,
367,
263,
16172,
292,
5094,
273,
8329,
2446,
304,
596,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
297,
278,
3579,
16618,
1575,
1068,
4004,
29889,
13,
13,
2831,
1269,
7639,
29892,
591,
6907,
4969,
263,
716,
623,
29889,
2921,
304,
278,
3579,
3399,
1068,
4004,
297,
278,
11322,
2594,
373,
278,
2175,
29889,
450,
7124,
278,
3579,
27045,
29091,
12279,
29925,
1068,
2826,
29889,
2860,
19229,
297,
278,
1024,
29892,
366,
508,
7124,
3896,
29889,
13,
13,
29961,
21298,
1170,
623,
850,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
29878,
29914,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29899,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
11357,
2713,
327,
29933,
2324,
29918,
29896,
29889,
2732,
23192,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
11357,
2713,
327,
29933,
2324,
29918,
29896,
29889,
2732,
29897,
13,
13,
10401,
366,
1653,
263,
716,
623,
29892,
16445,
2048,
10017,
385,
869,
1789,
934,
322,
4325,
1280,
278,
4434,
297,
278,
3455,
2512,
8878,
6920,
29889,
13,
13,
12024,
29915,
29879,
788,
278,
775,
29991,
14187,
322,
11417,
278,
775,
2400,
964,
278,
297,
3455,
2512,
8878,
6920,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
1678,
4086,
29901,
29883,
13,
1678,
4949,
12,
29903,
6378,
25394,
512,
794,
272,
29915,
29879,
26240,
363,
19040,
265,
13,
4706,
1222,
15362,
29871,
29896,
448,
3455,
29871,
29896,
29901,
15043,
2787,
350,
2324,
385,
25023,
13,
4706,
910,
21256,
471,
3971,
491,
20814,
25394,
28251,
1199,
13,
268,
12,
26197,
29871,
29941,
29896,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29945,
13,
268,
12,
991,
597,
3292,
29889,
510,
29914,
12597,
7692,
13,
268,
12,
13,
268,
12,
4013,
338,
263,
2560,
1342,
21256,
393,
12169,
373,
385,
25023,
29871,
13,
268,
12,
1454,
697,
1473,
29892,
1283,
363,
697,
1473,
29892,
322,
5565,
1446,
22296,
29889,
13,
268,
13,
268,
12,
21956,
358,
5177,
2702,
29879,
29901,
13,
268,
12,
7439,
2512,
8878,
5177,
313,
991,
597,
1636,
29889,
1595,
2512,
29889,
601,
29914,
4282,
29897,
13,
268,
12,
7439,
2512,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
13,
268,
12,
1123,
4611,
1090,
278,
341,
1806,
19245,
29898,
1124,
597,
22156,
1167,
29889,
990,
29914,
506,
11259,
29914,
26349,
29897,
13,
1678,
3776,
13,
268,
13,
1678,
938,
5331,
353,
360,
29900,
29936,
849,
25023,
338,
6631,
304,
360,
29900,
13,
268,
13,
1678,
849,
910,
26529,
6057,
871,
2748,
2501,
10092,
13,
1678,
1780,
6230,
580,
13,
1678,
426,
13,
418,
12534,
6818,
29898,
839,
29892,
19474,
12336,
416,
849,
25455,
360,
29900,
12534,
408,
1962,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
268,
13,
1678,
849,
910,
26529,
12104,
22296,
13,
1678,
1780,
2425,
580,
13,
1678,
426,
13,
418,
13436,
6113,
29898,
839,
29892,
379,
6259,
29950,
416,
29871,
849,
9603,
6732,
278,
25023,
13,
418,
9055,
29898,
29896,
29900,
29900,
29900,
416,
795,
849,
20340,
363,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
29900,
29885,
29903,
353,
29871,
29896,
1473,
13,
418,
13436,
6113,
29898,
839,
29892,
365,
9806,
416,
259,
849,
9603,
438,
4198,
278,
25023,
13,
418,
9055,
29898,
29896,
29900,
29900,
29900,
416,
795,
849,
20340,
363,
29871,
29896,
1473,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
26222,
366,
29915,
345,
4940,
287,
278,
775,
964,
278,
3474,
29892,
1235,
29915,
29879,
679
] | 1,024 | Github | -0.573905 | -0.586604 | -0.706412 | 1.083747 |
in the habit of checking our code. Hit **Verify** (circle icon with a check mark in the top left of the Particle Build's IDE navigation bar) to check if there is any errors in the code. Next hit **Save** (folder icon) to save our code, so we can come back to the code later if we want to.
Time for a drum roll please! Hit **Flash** (lightning bolt icon) to load the code onto the Photon RedBoard.
###Code to Note
The Photon RedBoard has digital input/output pins. These pins configured as either inputs or outputs. We set this up with a built-in function called `pinMode()`. The `pinMode()` function takes two values, which you type in the parenthesis after the function name. The first value is a pin number, the second value is the word INPUT or OUTPUT.
Here we'll set up pin 0 (the one connected to a LED) to be an output. We're doing this because we need to send voltage "out" of the Photon RedBoard to the LED.
`pinMode(led, OUTPUT);`
When you're using a pin as an OUTPUT, you can command it to be HIGH (output 3.3 volts), or LOW (output 0 volts).
`digitalWrite(led, HIGH);`
There are different ways to make comments in your code. Comments are a great way to quickly describe what is happening in your code.
`// This is a comment - anything on a line after "//" is ignored
// by the computer.`
`/* This is also a comment - this one can be multi-line, but it
must start and end with these characters */`
###What You Should See
Once you click **Flash**, you should be seeing your Photon RedBoard flash magenta, followed by green, and then back to breathing Cyan. Now your LED should be blinking. You've just wirelessly programmed your Photon RedBoard to blink an LED, from the cloud!
[](https://cdn.sparkfun.com/assets/learn_tutorials/3/3/2/Inventors_Kit_For_Photon-Experiment_Guide-11.jpg)
Great job on successfully flashed your first sketch. If you want to learn how blink an LED with the Tinker mobile app, you can head to part 2 of this experiment!
###Troubleshooting
* **Code refuses to flash** -- Try putting your Photon RedBoard into [Safe Mode](blob:https%3A//vine.co/960aa66c-df55-4420-ab42-e3203853c2c0). Then, hit **Flash**. Sometimes to get your Photon RedBoard breathing cyan again, unplugging from USB and replugging back can get your board connecting to WiFi again. Please keep in mind if you just starting working with the Photon RedBoard it might take a couple minutes for the firmware to upload when first connected to the Internet.
* **LED isn't blinking** -- Try checking your connections again. Make sure the positive side of the LED is connected to D0. It is really easy to put the jumper wire in the wrong hole on the Photon RedBoard.
* **Photon RedBoard RGB isn't doing anything** -- Don't worry! We have an awesome tech support staff to help you out if there is something wrong. Please [contact](https://www.sparkfun.com/static/technical_assistance) our tech support team.
##Part 2: Blink an LED with Tinker
[Tinker](https://docs.particle.io/guide/getting-started/tinker/photon/) is a mobile app for iPhone or Android smartphones that makes it easy to control your digital and analog pins on your Photon or Photon RedBoard.
First you will need to download the app on your smartphone.
* [iPhone users](https://itunes. | [
297,
278,
4760,
310,
8454,
1749,
775,
29889,
14309,
3579,
6565,
1598,
1068,
313,
16622,
9849,
411,
263,
1423,
2791,
297,
278,
2246,
2175,
310,
278,
3455,
2512,
8878,
29915,
29879,
15004,
11322,
2594,
29897,
304,
1423,
565,
727,
338,
738,
4436,
297,
278,
775,
29889,
8084,
7124,
3579,
11371,
1068,
313,
12083,
9849,
29897,
304,
4078,
1749,
775,
29892,
577,
591,
508,
2041,
1250,
304,
278,
775,
2678,
565,
591,
864,
304,
29889,
13,
13,
2481,
363,
263,
24103,
9679,
3113,
29991,
14309,
3579,
8754,
1161,
1068,
313,
4366,
1076,
289,
14339,
9849,
29897,
304,
2254,
278,
775,
11480,
278,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
2277,
29937,
3399,
304,
3940,
13,
13,
1576,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
756,
13436,
1881,
29914,
4905,
282,
1144,
29889,
4525,
282,
1144,
13252,
408,
2845,
10970,
470,
14391,
29889,
1334,
731,
445,
701,
411,
263,
4240,
29899,
262,
740,
2000,
421,
12687,
6818,
13595,
450,
421,
12687,
6818,
2555,
740,
4893,
1023,
1819,
29892,
607,
366,
1134,
297,
278,
3847,
29882,
6656,
1156,
278,
740,
1024,
29889,
450,
937,
995,
338,
263,
12534,
1353,
29892,
278,
1473,
995,
338,
278,
1734,
2672,
12336,
470,
19474,
12336,
29889,
13,
13,
10605,
591,
29915,
645,
731,
701,
12534,
29871,
29900,
313,
1552,
697,
6631,
304,
263,
25023,
29897,
304,
367,
385,
1962,
29889,
1334,
29915,
276,
2599,
445,
1363,
591,
817,
304,
3638,
11749,
376,
449,
29908,
310,
278,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
304,
278,
25023,
29889,
13,
13,
29952,
12687,
6818,
29898,
839,
29892,
19474,
12336,
12771,
13,
268,
13,
10401,
366,
29915,
276,
773,
263,
12534,
408,
385,
19474,
12336,
29892,
366,
508,
1899,
372,
304,
367,
379,
6259,
29950,
313,
4905,
29871,
29941,
29889,
29941,
1700,
1372,
511,
470,
365,
9806,
313,
4905,
29871,
29900,
1700,
1372,
467,
13,
13,
29952,
7501,
2410,
6113,
29898,
839,
29892,
379,
6259,
29950,
12771,
13,
268,
13,
13,
8439,
526,
1422,
5837,
304,
1207,
6589,
297,
596,
775,
29889,
461,
29879,
526,
263,
2107,
982,
304,
9098,
8453,
825,
338,
10464,
297,
596,
775,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
29952,
458,
910,
338,
263,
3440,
448,
3099,
373,
263,
1196,
1156,
376,
458,
29908,
338,
17262,
13,
458,
491,
278,
6601,
17580,
13,
13,
29952,
5515,
910,
338,
884,
263,
3440,
448,
445,
697,
508,
367,
2473,
29899,
1220,
29892,
541,
372,
13,
21969,
1369,
322,
1095,
411,
1438,
4890,
3776,
29952,
13,
13,
13,
13,
2277,
29937,
5618,
887,
10575,
2823,
13,
13,
26222,
366,
2828,
3579,
8754,
1161,
1068,
29892,
366,
881,
367,
8790,
596,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
11013,
2320,
6381,
29892,
5643,
491,
7933,
29892,
322,
769,
1250,
304,
16172,
292,
8045,
273,
29889,
2567,
596,
25023,
881,
367,
1999,
18159,
29889,
887,
29915,
345,
925,
8014,
23769,
1824,
2168,
596,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
304,
1999,
682,
385,
25023,
29892,
515,
278,
9570,
29991,
29871,
13,
13,
29961,
21298,
4819,
327,
265,
4367,
28397,
25023,
12422,
786,
850,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
29878,
29914,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29899,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
797,
794,
943,
29918,
13117,
29918,
2831,
29918,
4819,
327,
265,
29899,
1252,
15362,
29918,
9485,
680,
29899,
29896,
29896,
29889,
6173,
23192,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
797,
794,
943,
29918,
13117,
29918,
2831,
29918,
4819,
327,
265,
29899,
1252,
15362,
29918,
9485,
680,
29899,
29896,
29896,
29889,
6173,
29897,
13,
13,
25120,
271,
4982,
373,
8472,
11013,
287,
596,
937,
21256,
29889,
960,
366,
864,
304,
5110,
920,
1999,
682,
385,
25023,
411,
278,
323,
682,
261,
10426,
623,
29892,
366,
508,
2343,
304,
760,
29871,
29906,
310,
445,
7639,
29991,
29871,
13,
13,
13,
2277,
29937,
2308,
283,
7586,
1251,
11427,
13,
29930,
3579,
3399,
2143,
6394,
304,
11013,
1068,
1192,
3967,
10594,
596,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
964,
518,
17618,
1725,
21864,
850,
10054,
29901,
991,
29995,
29941,
29909,
458,
29894,
457,
29889,
1111,
29914,
29929,
29953,
29900,
7340,
29953,
29953,
29883,
29899,
2176,
29945,
29945,
29899,
29946,
29946,
29906,
29900,
29899,
370,
29946,
29906,
29899,
29872,
29941,
29906,
29900,
29941,
29947,
29945,
29941,
29883,
29906,
29883,
29900,
467,
1987,
29892,
7124,
3579,
8754,
1161,
1068,
29889,
18512,
304,
679,
596,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
16172,
292,
5094,
273,
1449,
29892,
443,
572,
688,
3460,
515,
12951,
322,
337,
572,
688,
3460,
1250,
508,
679,
596,
7613,
16791,
304,
14570,
18800,
1449,
29889,
3529,
3013,
297,
3458,
565,
366,
925,
6257,
1985,
411,
278,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
372,
1795,
2125,
263,
7303,
6233,
363,
278,
9226,
2519,
304,
6441,
746,
937,
6631,
304,
278,
4685,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
29930,
3579,
20566,
3508,
29915,
29873,
1999,
18159,
1068,
1192,
3967,
8454,
596,
12368,
1449,
29889,
8561,
1854,
278,
6374,
2625,
310,
278,
25023,
338,
6631,
304,
360,
29900,
29889,
739,
338,
2289,
4780,
304,
1925,
278,
432,
398,
546,
8014,
297,
278,
2743,
16188,
373,
278,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
13,
29930,
3579,
4819,
327,
265,
4367,
28397,
390,
7210,
3508,
29915,
29873,
2599,
3099,
1068,
1192,
3872,
29915,
29873,
15982,
29991,
1334,
505,
385,
29663,
734,
305,
2304,
13925,
304,
1371,
366,
714,
565,
727,
338,
1554,
2743,
29889,
3529,
518,
12346,
850,
991,
597,
1636,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
7959,
29914,
21695,
936,
29918,
465,
21558,
29897,
1749,
734,
305,
2304,
3815,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
2277,
7439,
29871,
29906,
29901,
350,
2324,
385,
25023,
411,
323,
682,
261,
13,
13,
29961,
29911,
682,
261,
850,
991,
597,
2640,
29889,
1595,
2512,
29889,
601,
29914,
13075,
29914,
29264,
29899,
2962,
287,
29914,
29873,
682,
261,
29914,
561,
327,
265,
4551,
338,
263,
10426,
623,
363,
18483,
470,
5669,
15040,
561,
2873,
393,
3732,
372,
4780,
304,
2761,
596,
13436,
322,
15690,
282,
1144,
373,
596,
19040,
265,
470,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
29889,
13,
13,
6730,
366,
674,
817,
304,
5142,
278,
623,
373,
596,
15040,
6710,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
29930,
518,
29875,
9861,
4160,
850,
991,
597,
277,
7844,
29889
] | 1,024 | Github | -0.312388 | -0.556106 | -0.465672 | 1.351901 |
apple.com/us/app/particle-build-photon-electron/id991459054?ls=1&mt=8)
* [Android users](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=io.particle.android.app)
* **Windows users** -- :( Unfortunately, this extra feature is only for iOS and Android devices. Don't worry, this is the only bonus material that works with the Tinker app.
* **Non-smartphone users** -- Most of us would love to go back the happy memories of not owning a smartphone and not getting 50+ alerts each day. We applaud you! We also might secretly envy you. Unfortunately, this bonus material isn't going to be your cup of tea. Don't worry, this is the only bonus material that works with the Tinker app.
When the app is done downloading on your phone, you will need to sign in with your login information. After logging in, you will see a list with all your Photons.
[](https://cdn.sparkfun.com/assets/learn_tutorials/3/3/2/ScreenshotDeviceID.png)
Clicking on the **more** icon (three dots) next to the online dot, gives you more options to choose from. For example, you can rename your board here.
<div class="alert alert-warning"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-warning-sign"></span><b> When clicking on the more icon, do not choose Re-Flash Tinker. </b> At the moment, it will re-flash your board with firmware that isn't the latest and greatest with the Photon RedBoard! </div>
We suggest naming your Photon RedBoard with unique names. When you start having a lot of Photons and demos going at once, it is hard to remember which is which.
When you click over the name of the Photon RedBoard you want to work with, you will see a new screen with a list of the different pins you can control.
[](https://cdn.sparkfun.com/assets/learn_tutorials/3/3/2/ScreenshotTinkerPins.png)
First click the circle that is label with **D0**. Anytime you want to work with a pin, you will need to select it first. You can select multiple pins at a time.
[](https://cdn.sparkfun.com/assets/learn_tutorials/3/3/2/ScreenshotTinkerPinSelect.png)
You notice that you have a couple different options. For this example, we are going to control the LED ON and OFF, by clicking on **digitalWrite**.
[](https://cdn.sparkfun.com/assets/learn_tutorials/3/3/2/ScreenshotTinkerDigitalWrite.png)
###New Photon Code (There is none!)
What is great about this mobile app, you do not have to do any coding! Once you are signed into Tinker, you can start playing with the pins.
###What You Should See
To turn the LED ON/HIGH, click the circle labeled **D0** again. It should show the LED turn on.
[](https://cdn.sparkfun.com/assets/learn_tutorials/3/3/ | [
11548,
29889,
510,
29914,
375,
29914,
932,
29914,
1595,
2512,
29899,
4282,
29899,
561,
327,
265,
29899,
15436,
1617,
29914,
333,
29929,
29929,
29896,
29946,
29945,
29929,
29900,
29945,
29946,
29973,
3137,
29922,
29896,
29987,
4378,
29922,
29947,
29897,
13,
13,
29930,
518,
8136,
4160,
850,
991,
597,
1456,
29889,
3608,
29889,
510,
29914,
8899,
29914,
13371,
29914,
14144,
29973,
333,
29922,
601,
29889,
1595,
2512,
29889,
2843,
29889,
932,
29897,
13,
13,
29930,
3579,
7685,
4160,
1068,
1192,
16824,
11511,
29892,
445,
4805,
4682,
338,
871,
363,
10012,
322,
5669,
9224,
29889,
3872,
29915,
29873,
15982,
29892,
445,
338,
278,
871,
28920,
5518,
393,
1736,
411,
278,
323,
682,
261,
623,
29889,
13,
13,
29930,
3579,
12283,
29899,
3844,
442,
6710,
4160,
1068,
1192,
7849,
310,
502,
723,
5360,
304,
748,
1250,
278,
9796,
2626,
3842,
310,
451,
8152,
1076,
263,
15040,
6710,
322,
451,
2805,
29871,
29945,
29900,
29974,
6655,
29879,
1269,
2462,
29889,
1334,
623,
433,
566,
366,
29991,
1334,
884,
1795,
7035,
368,
8829,
29891,
366,
29889,
11511,
29892,
445,
28920,
5518,
3508,
29915,
29873,
2675,
304,
367,
596,
18002,
310,
23429,
29889,
3872,
29915,
29873,
15982,
29892,
445,
338,
278,
871,
28920,
5518,
393,
1736,
411,
278,
323,
682,
261,
623,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
10401,
278,
623,
338,
2309,
28536,
373,
596,
9008,
29892,
366,
674,
817,
304,
1804,
297,
411,
596,
6464,
2472,
29889,
2860,
12183,
297,
29892,
366,
674,
1074,
263,
1051,
411,
599,
596,
19040,
787,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
29961,
21298,
4819,
327,
265,
21830,
3553,
850,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
29878,
29914,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29899,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
29903,
24546,
8711,
11501,
1367,
29889,
2732,
23192,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
29903,
24546,
8711,
11501,
1367,
29889,
2732,
29897,
13,
13,
4164,
292,
373,
278,
3579,
5514,
1068,
9849,
313,
17536,
270,
1862,
29897,
2446,
304,
278,
7395,
8329,
29892,
4076,
366,
901,
3987,
304,
6755,
515,
29889,
1152,
1342,
29892,
366,
508,
19508,
596,
7613,
1244,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
29966,
4563,
770,
543,
12888,
6655,
29899,
27392,
3254,
9653,
770,
543,
16808,
561,
4144,
330,
27026,
4144,
29899,
27392,
29899,
4530,
5319,
9653,
5299,
29890,
29958,
1932,
14855,
373,
278,
901,
9849,
29892,
437,
451,
6755,
830,
29899,
8754,
1161,
323,
682,
261,
29889,
1533,
29890,
29958,
2180,
278,
3256,
29892,
372,
674,
337,
29899,
28041,
596,
7613,
411,
9226,
2519,
393,
3508,
29915,
29873,
278,
9281,
322,
14176,
411,
278,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
29991,
1533,
4563,
29958,
13,
13,
4806,
4368,
22006,
596,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
411,
5412,
2983,
29889,
1932,
366,
1369,
2534,
263,
3287,
310,
19040,
787,
322,
1261,
359,
2675,
472,
2748,
29892,
372,
338,
2898,
304,
6456,
607,
338,
607,
29889,
13,
13,
10401,
366,
2828,
975,
278,
1024,
310,
278,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
366,
864,
304,
664,
411,
29892,
366,
674,
1074,
263,
716,
4315,
411,
263,
1051,
310,
278,
1422,
282,
1144,
366,
508,
2761,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
29961,
21298,
1293,
310,
19040,
265,
4367,
28397,
282,
1144,
850,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
29878,
29914,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29899,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
29903,
24546,
8711,
29911,
682,
261,
29925,
1144,
29889,
2732,
23192,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
29903,
24546,
8711,
29911,
682,
261,
29925,
1144,
29889,
2732,
29897,
13,
13,
6730,
2828,
278,
8607,
393,
338,
3858,
411,
3579,
29928,
29900,
1068,
29889,
3139,
2230,
366,
864,
304,
664,
411,
263,
12534,
29892,
366,
674,
817,
304,
1831,
372,
937,
29889,
887,
508,
1831,
2999,
282,
1144,
472,
263,
931,
29889,
13,
13,
29961,
21298,
1997,
1426,
850,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
29878,
29914,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29899,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
29903,
24546,
8711,
29911,
682,
261,
29925,
262,
3549,
29889,
2732,
23192,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
29903,
24546,
8711,
29911,
682,
261,
29925,
262,
3549,
29889,
2732,
29897,
13,
13,
3492,
8369,
393,
366,
505,
263,
7303,
1422,
3987,
29889,
1152,
445,
1342,
29892,
591,
526,
2675,
304,
2761,
278,
25023,
6732,
322,
438,
4198,
29892,
491,
14855,
373,
3579,
7501,
2410,
6113,
1068,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
29961,
21298,
1997,
1426,
850,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
29878,
29914,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29899,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
29903,
24546,
8711,
29911,
682,
261,
27103,
6113,
29889,
2732,
23192,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
29903,
24546,
8711,
29911,
682,
261,
27103,
6113,
29889,
2732,
29897,
13,
13,
2277,
29937,
4373,
19040,
265,
5920,
313,
8439,
338,
5642,
14366,
13,
13,
5618,
338,
2107,
1048,
445,
10426,
623,
29892,
366,
437,
451,
505,
304,
437,
738,
14137,
29991,
9038,
366,
526,
8794,
964,
323,
682,
261,
29892,
366,
508,
1369,
8743,
411,
278,
282,
1144,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
2277,
29937,
5618,
887,
10575,
2823,
13,
13,
1762,
2507,
278,
25023,
6732,
29914,
29950,
6259,
29950,
29892,
2828,
278,
8607,
301,
24025,
3579,
29928,
29900,
1068,
1449,
29889,
739,
881,
1510,
278,
25023,
2507,
373,
29889,
13,
13,
29961,
21298,
1997,
1426,
850,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
29878,
29914,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29899,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29914,
29903,
24546,
8711,
29911,
682,
261,
16382,
29889,
2732,
23192,
991,
597,
13687,
29889,
12597,
7692,
29889,
510,
29914,
16596,
29914,
19668,
29918,
12631,
29879,
29914,
29941,
29914,
29941,
29914
] | 1,024 | Github | -0.950218 | -0.903264 | -0.588059 | 0.319129 |
package im.actor.android.tcp;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import im.actor.model.droidkit.bser.DataInput;
import im.actor.model.droidkit.bser.DataOutput;
import im.actor.model.log.Log;
import im.actor.model.network.ConnectionEndpoint;
import im.actor.model.network.connection.AsyncConnection;
import im.actor.model.network.connection.AsyncConnectionInterface;
import im.actor.model.network.connection.ManagedConnection;
public class AsyncTcpConnection extends AsyncConnection {
private final ExecutorService connectExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
private final String TAG;
private Socket socket;
private InputStream inputStream;
private OutputStream outputStream;
private WriterThread writerThread;
private ReaderThread readerThread;
private boolean isConnected = false;
private boolean isClosed = false;
public AsyncTcpConnection(int id, ConnectionEndpoint endpoint, AsyncConnectionInterface connection) {
super(endpoint, connection);
this.TAG = "ConnectionTcp#" + id;
}
@Override
public void doConnect() {
connectExecutor.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Socket socket;
ConnectionEndpoint endpoint = getEndpoint();
switch (endpoint.getType()) {
case TCP:
socket = new Socket();
break;
case TCP_TLS:
socket = SSLSocketFactory.getDefault().createSocket();
break;
default:
throw new RuntimeException("Unsupported endpoint type: " + endpoint.getType());
}
// Configure socket
socket.setKeepAlive(false);
socket.setTcpNoDelay(true);
socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress(endpoint.getHost(), endpoint.getPort()), ManagedConnection.CONNECTION_TIMEOUT);
// Init streams
socket.getInputStream();
socket.getOutputStream();
onSocketCreated(socket);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
crashConnection();
}
}
});
}
@Override
public void doSend(byte[] data) {
writerThread.pushPackage(data);
}
@Override
public void doClose() {
crashConnection();
}
private synchronized void onSocketCreated(Socket socket) throws IOException {
if (isClosed) {
Log.w(TAG, "Socket created after external close: disposing");
throw new IOException("Socket created after external close: disposing");
}
this.socket = socket;
this.inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
this.outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
this.isClosed = false;
this.isConnected = true;
this.readerThread = new ReaderThread();
this.readerThread.start();
this.writerThread = new WriterThread();
this.writerThread.start();
onConnected();
}
private synchronized void onRawReceived(byte[] data) throws IOException {
if (!isConnected) {
Log.d(TAG, "onRawReceived: Not connected");
return;
}
onReceived(data);
}
private synchronized void crashConnection() {
Log.d(TAG, "Crashing Connection");
if (isClosed) {
return;
}
isClosed = true;
isConnected = false;
if (writerThread != null) {
writerThread.interrupt();
}
if (readerThread != null) {
reader | [
29871,
13,
13,
5113,
527,
29889,
7168,
29889,
2843,
29889,
23981,
29936,
13,
13,
5215,
2115,
29889,
601,
29889,
20477,
29936,
13,
5215,
2115,
29889,
601,
29889,
13828,
29936,
13,
5215,
2115,
29889,
601,
29889,
16764,
29936,
13,
5215,
2115,
29889,
1212,
29889,
797,
300,
11373,
7061,
29936,
13,
5215,
2115,
29889,
1212,
29889,
11373,
29936,
13,
5215,
2115,
29889,
4422,
29889,
19279,
29889,
1168,
3784,
6595,
287,
10620,
29936,
13,
5215,
2115,
29889,
4422,
29889,
19279,
29889,
13366,
3170,
29936,
13,
5215,
2115,
29889,
4422,
29889,
19279,
29889,
5379,
29560,
29936,
13,
13,
5215,
11317,
29889,
1212,
29889,
16265,
29889,
1799,
8547,
9749,
5126,
29936,
13,
13,
5215,
527,
29889,
7168,
29889,
4299,
29889,
29881,
1007,
7354,
29889,
29890,
643,
29889,
1469,
4290,
29936,
13,
5215,
527,
29889,
7168,
29889,
4299,
29889,
29881,
1007,
7354,
29889,
29890,
643,
29889,
1469,
6466,
29936,
13,
5215,
527,
29889,
7168,
29889,
4299,
29889,
1188,
29889,
3403,
29936,
13,
5215,
527,
29889,
7168,
29889,
4299,
29889,
11618,
29889,
5350,
25602,
29936,
13,
5215,
527,
29889,
7168,
29889,
4299,
29889,
11618,
29889,
9965,
29889,
8123,
5350,
29936,
13,
5215,
527,
29889,
7168,
29889,
4299,
29889,
11618,
29889,
9965,
29889,
8123,
5350,
10448,
29936,
13,
5215,
527,
29889,
7168,
29889,
4299,
29889,
11618,
29889,
9965,
29889,
26542,
5350,
29936,
13,
13,
3597,
770,
20688,
29911,
6814,
5350,
4988,
20688,
5350,
426,
13,
13,
1678,
2024,
2186,
11080,
3406,
3170,
4511,
13366,
353,
11080,
29560,
29889,
1482,
15771,
4899,
13366,
890,
13,
13,
1678,
2024,
2186,
1714,
323,
10051,
29936,
13,
13,
1678,
2024,
29141,
9909,
29936,
13,
1678,
2024,
10567,
3835,
1881,
3835,
29936,
13,
1678,
2024,
10604,
3835,
1962,
3835,
29936,
13,
1678,
2024,
399,
5385,
4899,
9227,
4899,
29936,
13,
1678,
2024,
830,
1664,
4899,
9591,
4899,
29936,
13,
13,
1678,
2024,
7223,
338,
20971,
2954,
353,
2089,
29936,
13,
1678,
2024,
7223,
338,
6821,
2662,
353,
2089,
29936,
13,
13,
1678,
970,
20688,
29911,
6814,
5350,
29898,
524,
1178,
29892,
15160,
25602,
16248,
29892,
20688,
5350,
10448,
3957,
29897,
426,
13,
4706,
2428,
29898,
29734,
29892,
3957,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
445,
29889,
16881,
353,
376,
5350,
29911,
6814,
29937,
29908,
718,
1178,
29936,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
1678,
732,
4640,
13,
1678,
970,
1780,
437,
17918,
580,
426,
13,
4706,
4511,
13366,
29889,
7892,
29898,
1482,
390,
21725,
580,
426,
13,
9651,
732,
4640,
13,
9651,
970,
1780,
1065,
580,
426,
13,
18884,
1018,
426,
13,
462,
1678,
29141,
9909,
29936,
13,
462,
1678,
15160,
25602,
16248,
353,
679,
25602,
890,
13,
462,
1678,
4607,
313,
29734,
29889,
657,
1542,
3101,
426,
13,
462,
4706,
1206,
19374,
29901,
13,
462,
9651,
9909,
353,
716,
29141,
890,
13,
462,
9651,
2867,
29936,
13,
462,
4706,
1206,
19374,
29918,
29911,
8547,
29901,
13,
462,
9651,
9909,
353,
5886,
8547,
9749,
5126,
29889,
657,
4592,
2141,
3258,
11373,
890,
13,
462,
9651,
2867,
29936,
13,
462,
4706,
2322,
29901,
13,
462,
9651,
3183,
716,
24875,
2451,
703,
25807,
29884,
3016,
287,
16248,
1134,
29901,
376,
718,
16248,
29889,
657,
1542,
3310,
13,
462,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
462,
1678,
849,
1281,
4532,
9909,
13,
462,
1678,
9909,
29889,
842,
9598,
1022,
29909,
9258,
29898,
4541,
416,
13,
462,
1678,
9909,
29889,
842,
29911,
6814,
3782,
24996,
29898,
3009,
416,
13,
13,
462,
1678,
9909,
29889,
6915,
29898,
1482,
512,
300,
11373,
7061,
29898,
29734,
29889,
657,
8514,
3285,
16248,
29889,
657,
2290,
25739,
2315,
4063,
5350,
29889,
6007,
8186,
9838,
29918,
15307,
12015,
416,
13,
13,
462,
1678,
849,
10886,
20873,
13,
462,
1678,
9909,
29889,
657,
13828,
890,
13,
462,
1678,
9909,
29889,
657,
16764,
890,
13,
13,
462,
1678,
373,
11373,
20399,
29898,
11514,
416,
13,
18884,
500,
4380,
313,
2451,
321,
29897,
426,
13,
462,
1678,
321,
29889,
16654,
890,
13,
462,
1678,
8095,
5350,
890,
13,
18884,
500,
13,
9651,
500,
13,
4706,
2604,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
1678,
732,
4640,
13,
1678,
970,
1780,
437,
12600,
29898,
10389,
2636,
848,
29897,
426,
13,
4706,
9227,
4899,
29889,
5910,
14459,
29898,
1272,
416,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
1678,
732,
4640,
13,
1678,
970,
1780,
437,
11123,
580,
426,
13,
4706,
8095,
5350,
890,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
13,
1678,
2024,
12231,
1891,
1780,
373,
11373,
20399,
29898,
11373,
9909,
29897,
8026,
24490,
426,
13,
4706,
565,
313,
275,
6821,
2662,
29897,
426,
13,
9651,
4522,
29889,
29893,
29898,
16881,
29892,
376,
11373,
2825,
1156,
7029,
3802,
29901,
11549,
292,
1496,
13,
9651,
3183,
716,
24490,
703,
11373,
2825,
1156,
7029,
3802,
29901,
11549,
292,
1496,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
13,
4706,
445,
29889,
11514,
353,
9909,
29936,
13,
4706,
445,
29889,
2080,
3835,
353,
9909,
29889,
657,
13828,
890,
13,
4706,
445,
29889,
4905,
3835,
353,
9909,
29889,
657,
16764,
890,
13,
13,
4706,
445,
29889,
275,
6821,
2662,
353,
2089,
29936,
13,
4706,
445,
29889,
275,
20971,
2954,
353,
1565,
29936,
13,
13,
4706,
445,
29889,
16950,
4899,
353,
716,
830,
1664,
4899,
890,
13,
4706,
445,
29889,
16950,
4899,
29889,
2962,
890,
13,
13,
4706,
445,
29889,
13236,
4899,
353,
716,
399,
5385,
4899,
890,
13,
4706,
445,
29889,
13236,
4899,
29889,
2962,
890,
13,
13,
4706,
373,
20971,
2954,
890,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
1678,
2024,
12231,
1891,
1780,
373,
22131,
29816,
29898,
10389,
2636,
848,
29897,
8026,
24490,
426,
13,
4706,
565,
5384,
275,
20971,
2954,
29897,
426,
13,
9651,
4522,
29889,
29881,
29898,
16881,
29892,
376,
265,
22131,
29816,
29901,
2216,
6631,
1496,
13,
9651,
736,
29936,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
13,
4706,
373,
29816,
29898,
1272,
416,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
1678,
2024,
12231,
1891,
1780,
8095,
5350,
580,
426,
13,
4706,
4522,
29889,
29881,
29898,
16881,
29892,
376,
20647,
1161,
292,
15160,
1496,
13,
13,
4706,
565,
313,
275,
6821,
2662,
29897,
426,
13,
9651,
736,
29936,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
4706,
338,
6821,
2662,
353,
1565,
29936,
13,
4706,
338,
20971,
2954,
353,
2089,
29936,
13,
13,
4706,
565,
313,
13236,
4899,
2804,
1870,
29897,
426,
13,
9651,
9227,
4899,
29889,
1639,
6685,
890,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
4706,
565,
313,
16950,
4899,
2804,
1870,
29897,
426,
13,
9651,
9591
] | 1,024 | Github | -1.49363 | 0.157675 | -1.306245 | -1.021008 |
Is practicing law bad for your mental health? In this episode of The Digital Edge, hosts Sharon Nelson and Jim Calloway talk to Len Heath about lawyer mental wellness and why it's an issue worthy of attention in today's legal industry. They discuss what both the ABA and Virginia Bar Association are doing to address lawyer wellness and, as the president of the Virginia Bar, what wellness goals Len hopes to achieve while in office.
Len Heath is a partner in the firm of Heath, Overbey, Verser & Old and currently serves as the president of the Virginia State Bar.
Sharon D. Nelson: Welcome to the 127th edition of The Digital Edge: Lawyers and Technology. We are glad to have you with us.
Jim Calloway: And I am Jim Calloway, Director of The Oklahoma Bar Association's Management Assistance Program. Today, our topic is "Attorney Wellness Addressing the Crisis".
Thanks to our sponsor Clio. Clio's cloud-based practice management software makes it easy to manage your law firm from intake to invoice. Try it for free at clio.com. That's clio.com.
Answer1 is a leading virtual receptionist and answering services provider for lawyers. You can find out more by giving them a call at 800 Answer 1 or online at answer1.com.
Jim Calloway: Thanks to our sponsor Scorpion. Scorpion sets the standard for law firm online marketing with proven campaign strategies to get attorneys better cases from the Internet. Partner with Scorpion to get an award-winning website and ROI positive marketing programs today. Visit scorpionlegal.com/podcast.
Thanks to ServeNow, a nationwide network of trusted prescreened process servers. Work with the most professional process servers who have experience with high volume serves, embrace technology, and understand the litigation process. Visit serve-now.com to learn more.
We are very pleased to have as our guest Len Heath. Len is a partner in the firm of Heath, Overbey, Verser & Old, P.L.C., located in Newport News, Virginia. Len has extensive experience in trying cases across Virginia in both State and Federal courts. He currently serves as President of the Virginia State Bar and as President he has promised to focus on lawyer wellness.
Thanks for joining us today, Len.
Len Heath: Thanks for having me Jim and Sharon. I look forward to the discussion today on this very important topic.
Sharon D. Nelson: Well, the first thing Len, congratulations on becoming the President of the Virginia State Bar last month.
Len Heath: Thank you very much.
Sharon D. Nelson: I heard you say in your wonderful remarks the night you were sworn in, that you are going to focus on attorney wellness, can you tell us why that became such a personal and primary goal for you?
Len Heath: Well, Sharon I started practicing in 1986 at a firm in Norfolk. I mean if you took a snapshot of that firm one year after I started in 1987, they had 25 attorneys. Now I left that firm in 1991. If you fast forward to today of those 25 attorneys in 1987, of those 25 two have committed suicide and that's 8%, and the folks that have taken their lives were not only excellent lawyers but they were very good friends and when those events occurred everybody was left wondering how that came about and it shocked everyone.
So when you start with a background with those types of statistics, you take these things very, very seriously. So when wellness kind of percolated to the top of the discussion in the legal community, it was a topic that I wanted to carry the banner on.
Jim Calloway: Len, are there some statistics you can share with us about the number of attorneys who self admit that they have problems with alcohol, drugs or mental illness?
Len Heath: Yes, there actually a number of studies that have come out. The one that's talked about probably the most is one that came out in 2016. There was a study that was performed by the ABA Commission on Lawyer Assistant Programs and the Hazelden Betty Ford Foundation, and that was a study of nearly 13,000 currently practicing lawyers and the statistics that came out of that study were pretty eye popping.
Anywhere from 21% to 36% of attor | [
1317,
4120,
18499,
4307,
4319,
363,
596,
19119,
9045,
29973,
512,
445,
12720,
310,
450,
15918,
21086,
29892,
18982,
1383,
5022,
19135,
322,
8507,
8251,
340,
388,
5193,
304,
16206,
940,
493,
1048,
25008,
19119,
1532,
2264,
322,
2020,
372,
29915,
29879,
385,
2228,
24717,
310,
8570,
297,
9826,
29915,
29879,
11706,
13661,
29889,
2688,
5353,
825,
1716,
278,
319,
5688,
322,
11653,
2261,
7993,
526,
2599,
304,
3211,
25008,
1532,
2264,
322,
29892,
408,
278,
6673,
310,
278,
11653,
2261,
29892,
825,
1532,
2264,
14433,
16206,
26926,
304,
6176,
1550,
297,
8034,
29889,
13,
21515,
940,
493,
338,
263,
18096,
297,
278,
9226,
310,
940,
493,
29892,
6811,
22072,
29892,
10138,
261,
669,
8198,
322,
5279,
19700,
408,
278,
6673,
310,
278,
11653,
4306,
2261,
29889,
13,
2713,
5022,
360,
29889,
19135,
29901,
21829,
304,
278,
29871,
29896,
29906,
29955,
386,
12203,
310,
450,
15918,
21086,
29901,
7927,
29891,
414,
322,
17968,
29889,
1334,
526,
10932,
304,
505,
366,
411,
502,
29889,
13,
29967,
326,
8251,
340,
388,
29901,
1126,
306,
626,
8507,
8251,
340,
388,
29892,
15944,
310,
450,
27879,
2261,
7993,
29915,
29879,
15057,
4007,
21558,
7835,
29889,
20628,
29892,
1749,
11261,
338,
376,
4165,
25252,
5674,
2264,
16428,
292,
278,
29524,
275,
1642,
13,
16894,
304,
1749,
21955,
272,
315,
5991,
29889,
315,
5991,
29915,
29879,
9570,
29899,
6707,
6944,
10643,
7047,
3732,
372,
4780,
304,
10933,
596,
4307,
9226,
515,
938,
1296,
304,
297,
14917,
29889,
3967,
372,
363,
3889,
472,
274,
5991,
29889,
510,
29889,
2193,
29915,
29879,
274,
5991,
29889,
510,
29889,
13,
22550,
29896,
338,
263,
8236,
6901,
25647,
391,
322,
22862,
5786,
13113,
363,
4307,
29891,
414,
29889,
887,
508,
1284,
714,
901,
491,
6820,
963,
263,
1246,
472,
29871,
29947,
29900,
29900,
673,
29871,
29896,
470,
7395,
472,
1234,
29896,
29889,
510,
29889,
13,
29967,
326,
8251,
340,
388,
29901,
1834,
304,
1749,
21955,
272,
2522,
26423,
291,
29889,
2522,
26423,
291,
6166,
278,
3918,
363,
4307,
9226,
7395,
9999,
292,
411,
16413,
11531,
16650,
583,
304,
679,
1098,
272,
484,
952,
2253,
4251,
515,
278,
4685,
29889,
3455,
1089,
411,
2522,
26423,
291,
304,
679,
385,
9862,
29899,
5080,
1076,
4700,
322,
16641,
29902,
6374,
9999,
292,
11104,
9826,
29889,
5741,
277,
885,
26423,
291,
12018,
29889,
510,
29914,
15334,
4384,
29889,
13,
16894,
304,
1816,
345,
10454,
29892,
263,
5233,
8157,
3564,
310,
9311,
287,
2225,
5576,
287,
1889,
12424,
29889,
5244,
411,
278,
1556,
10257,
1889,
12424,
1058,
505,
7271,
411,
1880,
7977,
19700,
29892,
953,
13842,
15483,
29892,
322,
2274,
278,
11872,
335,
362,
1889,
29889,
5741,
277,
9080,
29899,
3707,
29889,
510,
304,
5110,
901,
29889,
13,
4806,
526,
1407,
22301,
304,
505,
408,
1749,
17838,
16206,
940,
493,
29889,
16206,
338,
263,
18096,
297,
278,
9226,
310,
940,
493,
29892,
6811,
22072,
29892,
10138,
261,
669,
8198,
29892,
349,
29889,
29931,
29889,
29907,
1696,
5982,
297,
1570,
637,
10130,
29892,
11653,
29889,
16206,
756,
20607,
7271,
297,
1811,
4251,
4822,
11653,
297,
1716,
4306,
322,
14879,
28033,
29889,
940,
5279,
19700,
408,
7178,
310,
278,
11653,
4306,
2261,
322,
408,
7178,
540,
756,
22399,
304,
8569,
373,
25008,
1532,
2264,
29889,
13,
16894,
363,
22960,
502,
9826,
29892,
16206,
29889,
13,
21515,
940,
493,
29901,
1834,
363,
2534,
592,
8507,
322,
1383,
5022,
29889,
306,
1106,
6375,
304,
278,
10679,
9826,
373,
445,
1407,
4100,
11261,
29889,
13,
2713,
5022,
360,
29889,
19135,
29901,
5674,
29892,
278,
937,
2655,
16206,
29892,
378,
629,
271,
8250,
373,
14171,
278,
7178,
310,
278,
11653,
4306,
2261,
1833,
4098,
29889,
13,
21515,
940,
493,
29901,
3374,
366,
1407,
1568,
29889,
13,
2713,
5022,
360,
29889,
19135,
29901,
306,
6091,
366,
1827,
297,
596,
20695,
29360,
278,
4646,
366,
892,
2381,
1398,
297,
29892,
393,
366,
526,
2675,
304,
8569,
373,
1098,
25252,
1532,
2264,
29892,
508,
366,
2649,
502,
2020,
393,
3897,
1316,
263,
7333,
322,
7601,
7306,
363,
366,
29973,
13,
21515,
940,
493,
29901,
5674,
29892,
1383,
5022,
306,
4687,
4120,
18499,
297,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29947,
29953,
472,
263,
9226,
297,
4186,
17976,
29889,
306,
2099,
565,
366,
3614,
263,
22395,
310,
393,
9226,
697,
1629,
1156,
306,
4687,
297,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29947,
29955,
29892,
896,
750,
29871,
29906,
29945,
1098,
272,
484,
952,
29889,
2567,
306,
2175,
393,
9226,
297,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29929,
29896,
29889,
960,
366,
5172,
6375,
304,
9826,
310,
1906,
29871,
29906,
29945,
1098,
272,
484,
952,
297,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29947,
29955,
29892,
310,
1906,
29871,
29906,
29945,
1023,
505,
19355,
23921,
680,
322,
393,
29915,
29879,
29871,
29947,
13667,
322,
278,
900,
2039,
393,
505,
4586,
1009,
12080,
892,
451,
871,
15129,
4307,
29891,
414,
541,
896,
892,
1407,
1781,
7875,
322,
746,
1906,
4959,
10761,
26077,
471,
2175,
9873,
920,
393,
2996,
1048,
322,
372,
19253,
287,
14332,
29889,
13,
6295,
746,
366,
1369,
411,
263,
3239,
411,
1906,
4072,
310,
13964,
29892,
366,
2125,
1438,
2712,
1407,
29892,
1407,
25798,
29889,
1105,
746,
1532,
2264,
2924,
310,
639,
1054,
630,
304,
278,
2246,
310,
278,
10679,
297,
278,
11706,
7881,
29892,
372,
471,
263,
11261,
393,
306,
5131,
304,
8677,
278,
289,
7310,
373,
29889,
13,
29967,
326,
8251,
340,
388,
29901,
16206,
29892,
526,
727,
777,
13964,
366,
508,
6232,
411,
502,
1048,
278,
1353,
310,
1098,
272,
484,
952,
1058,
1583,
20000,
393,
896,
505,
4828,
411,
27231,
5391,
29892,
5883,
3174,
470,
19119,
4486,
2264,
29973,
13,
21515,
940,
493,
29901,
3869,
29892,
727,
2869,
263,
1353,
310,
11898,
393,
505,
2041,
714,
29889,
450,
697,
393,
29915,
29879,
24867,
1048,
3117,
278,
1556,
338,
697,
393,
2996,
714,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29953,
29889,
1670,
471,
263,
6559,
393,
471,
8560,
491,
278,
319,
5688,
11444,
373,
7927,
7598,
4007,
22137,
7835,
29879,
322,
278,
25606,
295,
1145,
29782,
14601,
10606,
29892,
322,
393,
471,
263,
6559,
310,
8886,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29892,
29900,
29900,
29900,
5279,
4120,
18499,
4307,
29891,
414,
322,
278,
13964,
393,
2996,
714,
310,
393,
6559,
892,
5051,
10977,
772,
3262,
29889,
13,
10773,
3062,
515,
29871,
29906,
29896,
29995,
304,
29871,
29941,
29953,
29995,
310,
1098,
272
] | 1,024 | C4 | 0.11487 | -0.373119 | -0.269762 | 0.666337 |
neys fell into classification of problem drinkers, 28% reported some form of depression, 19% reported some form of anxiety, 23% had elevated stress and 25% reported elements of work addiction. In addition to that, our profession just has a suicide rate that's out of proportion with the public.
Sharon D. Nelson: It's scary stuff. I am so glad the Virginia State Bar is taking a look at this and I know you know that some years ago, I wrote an article for the State Bar on Lawyers Helping Lawyers and in the process of interviewing folks who had been through the program, I can't tell you how many of them were crying on the phone, I can't tell you how I was dabbing at my eyes. It's really tough what some of these people have been through. So I'm glad we're working to help them.
What I'd like to talk about now or have you talk about is how the ABA is managing this issue? What is it done? What is it doing and then we will get back to Virginia?
Len Heath: Well, probably first and foremost, after this study in 2017, in August of last year, really a Landmark Report was put out it's the National Task Force on lawyer well-being, and the subtitle is creating a movement to improve well-being in the legal profession. And it is a report that really evaluates all aspects of the legal community from people in government regulators to private practice even law schools and it really is a clarion call for the profession overall to perform a critical self-evaluation of what is going on in the profession.
Amazingly, I saw a report that said that some of these mental health issues started to arise as early as the second year of law school. So when you hear that, it's something that really gets your attention. In addition to that Landmark Report and I think most people by now are familiar with it, at the Vancouver Session of the ABA Resolution 105 was approved and that resolution supports the goal of reducing mental health and substance use disorders and improving the well-being of lawyers, judges, and law students and urges stakeholders within the legal profession to consider the recommendations set out in that Landmark Report.
And probably the most important thing that the American Bar Association is doing at this time is promoting the discussion of wellness and getting the information out, if you go to any of their web sites, they just have huge libraries of information on wellness and keep in mind, wellness is one of those topics that it's not one size fits all.
It impacts people in different ways and so, there are different ways to address it. And so, again the ABA is putting out great information to promote that discussion on wellness.
Jim Calloway: What about the Virginia Supreme Court? Has it also embraced the need to address Lawyer wellness?
Len Heath: Well one of the co-authors of the Landmark Report was our own Chief Justice Lemons and we were very proud of that fact and he is, not only our Chief Justice, but he is a friend and advocate of our profession. He is someone who really promotes professionalism and at this point, taking the lead also on wellness. So it's always good to have that leadership from the top.
As a part of that, he has appointed a Special Wellness Committee that consists of 16 leading attorneys in the state to study wellness initiatives within the Commonwealth of Virginia and that particular panel is being chaired by Justice William Mims. We expect to have a report out of that committee in the next few months and hopefully, we will have good initiatives coming out as a result of that.
Jim Calloway: Before we move on to our next segment. Let's take a quick commercial break.
Sharon D. Nelson: Imagine what you could do with an extra 8 hours per week. That's how much time legal professionals save with Clio, the world's leading practice management software. With intuitive time tracking, billing and matter management, Clio streamlines everything you do to run your practice, from intake to invoice. Try Clio for free and get a 10% discount for your first six months when you sign up with the code TDE10. Of course, you can find Clio at clio.com.
Jim Calloway: Feel like your marketing efforts aren't getting you the high-value cases your firm deserves, for over 15 years Scorpion has helped | [
484,
952,
8379,
964,
12965,
310,
1108,
13748,
414,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29947,
29995,
8967,
777,
883,
310,
316,
2590,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29995,
8967,
777,
883,
310,
14919,
21549,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29941,
29995,
750,
11858,
630,
22884,
322,
29871,
29906,
29945,
29995,
8967,
3161,
310,
664,
788,
2463,
29889,
512,
6124,
304,
393,
29892,
1749,
6351,
925,
756,
263,
23921,
680,
6554,
393,
29915,
29879,
714,
310,
18618,
411,
278,
970,
29889,
13,
2713,
5022,
360,
29889,
19135,
29901,
739,
29915,
29879,
885,
653,
6433,
29889,
306,
626,
577,
10932,
278,
11653,
4306,
2261,
338,
5622,
263,
1106,
472,
445,
322,
306,
1073,
366,
1073,
393,
777,
2440,
8020,
29892,
306,
5456,
385,
4274,
363,
278,
4306,
2261,
373,
7927,
29891,
414,
6162,
15702,
7927,
29891,
414,
322,
297,
278,
1889,
310,
15593,
292,
900,
2039,
1058,
750,
1063,
1549,
278,
1824,
29892,
306,
508,
29915,
29873,
2649,
366,
920,
1784,
310,
963,
892,
10901,
292,
373,
278,
9008,
29892,
306,
508,
29915,
29873,
2649,
366,
920,
306,
471,
270,
8846,
292,
472,
590,
5076,
29889,
739,
29915,
29879,
2289,
260,
820,
825,
777,
310,
1438,
2305,
505,
1063,
1549,
29889,
1105,
306,
29915,
29885,
10932,
591,
29915,
276,
1985,
304,
1371,
963,
29889,
13,
5618,
306,
29915,
29881,
763,
304,
5193,
1048,
1286,
470,
505,
366,
5193,
1048,
338,
920,
278,
319,
5688,
338,
767,
6751,
445,
2228,
29973,
1724,
338,
372,
2309,
29973,
1724,
338,
372,
2599,
322,
769,
591,
674,
679,
1250,
304,
11653,
29973,
13,
21515,
940,
493,
29901,
5674,
29892,
3117,
937,
322,
363,
331,
520,
29892,
1156,
445,
6559,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29892,
297,
3111,
310,
1833,
1629,
29892,
2289,
263,
3172,
3502,
13969,
471,
1925,
714,
372,
29915,
29879,
278,
3086,
9330,
11004,
373,
25008,
1532,
29899,
915,
292,
29892,
322,
278,
1014,
3257,
338,
4969,
263,
10298,
304,
11157,
1532,
29899,
915,
292,
297,
278,
11706,
6351,
29889,
1126,
372,
338,
263,
3461,
393,
2289,
6161,
1078,
599,
21420,
310,
278,
11706,
7881,
515,
2305,
297,
5874,
24378,
4097,
304,
2024,
6944,
1584,
4307,
12462,
322,
372,
2289,
338,
263,
7542,
291,
1246,
363,
278,
6351,
12463,
304,
2189,
263,
12187,
1583,
29899,
24219,
362,
310,
825,
338,
2675,
373,
297,
278,
6351,
29889,
13,
29909,
16986,
11687,
29892,
306,
4446,
263,
3461,
393,
1497,
393,
777,
310,
1438,
19119,
9045,
5626,
4687,
304,
29030,
408,
4688,
408,
278,
1473,
1629,
310,
4307,
3762,
29889,
1105,
746,
366,
8293,
393,
29892,
372,
29915,
29879,
1554,
393,
2289,
4947,
596,
8570,
29889,
512,
6124,
304,
393,
3172,
3502,
13969,
322,
306,
1348,
1556,
2305,
491,
1286,
526,
9985,
411,
372,
29892,
472,
278,
478,
29711,
16441,
310,
278,
319,
5688,
24062,
918,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29945,
471,
23454,
322,
393,
10104,
11286,
278,
7306,
310,
27668,
19119,
9045,
322,
5960,
749,
671,
766,
20488,
322,
4857,
1747,
278,
1532,
29899,
915,
292,
310,
4307,
29891,
414,
29892,
6577,
2710,
29892,
322,
4307,
8041,
322,
5065,
2710,
380,
1296,
8948,
414,
2629,
278,
11706,
6351,
304,
2050,
278,
6907,
800,
731,
714,
297,
393,
3172,
3502,
13969,
29889,
13,
2855,
3117,
278,
1556,
4100,
2655,
393,
278,
3082,
2261,
7993,
338,
2599,
472,
445,
931,
338,
2504,
11427,
278,
10679,
310,
1532,
2264,
322,
2805,
278,
2472,
714,
29892,
565,
366,
748,
304,
738,
310,
1009,
1856,
11840,
29892,
896,
925,
505,
12176,
9562,
310,
2472,
373,
1532,
2264,
322,
3013,
297,
3458,
29892,
1532,
2264,
338,
697,
310,
1906,
23820,
393,
372,
29915,
29879,
451,
697,
2159,
23994,
599,
29889,
13,
3112,
10879,
29879,
2305,
297,
1422,
5837,
322,
577,
29892,
727,
526,
1422,
5837,
304,
3211,
372,
29889,
1126,
577,
29892,
1449,
278,
319,
5688,
338,
10594,
714,
2107,
2472,
304,
27391,
393,
10679,
373,
1532,
2264,
29889,
13,
29967,
326,
8251,
340,
388,
29901,
1724,
1048,
278,
11653,
22569,
9245,
29973,
11699,
372,
884,
7232,
945,
287,
278,
817,
304,
3211,
7927,
7598,
1532,
2264,
29973,
13,
21515,
940,
493,
29901,
5674,
697,
310,
278,
1302,
29899,
5150,
943,
310,
278,
3172,
3502,
13969,
471,
1749,
1914,
14546,
17181,
8836,
787,
322,
591,
892,
1407,
22314,
310,
393,
2114,
322,
540,
338,
29892,
451,
871,
1749,
14546,
17181,
29892,
541,
540,
338,
263,
5121,
322,
22545,
403,
310,
1749,
6351,
29889,
940,
338,
4856,
1058,
2289,
2504,
4769,
10257,
1608,
322,
472,
445,
1298,
29892,
5622,
278,
3275,
884,
373,
1532,
2264,
29889,
1105,
372,
29915,
29879,
2337,
1781,
304,
505,
393,
26001,
515,
278,
2246,
29889,
13,
2887,
263,
760,
310,
393,
29892,
540,
756,
10658,
263,
12630,
5674,
2264,
12930,
393,
11624,
310,
29871,
29896,
29953,
8236,
1098,
272,
484,
952,
297,
278,
2106,
304,
6559,
1532,
2264,
14511,
5056,
2629,
278,
27094,
310,
11653,
322,
393,
3153,
9451,
338,
1641,
10329,
2859,
491,
17181,
4667,
341,
9893,
29889,
1334,
2149,
304,
505,
263,
3461,
714,
310,
393,
21118,
297,
278,
2446,
2846,
7378,
322,
27581,
29892,
591,
674,
505,
1781,
14511,
5056,
6421,
714,
408,
263,
1121,
310,
393,
29889,
13,
29967,
326,
8251,
340,
388,
29901,
10949,
591,
4337,
373,
304,
1749,
2446,
10768,
29889,
2803,
29915,
29879,
2125,
263,
4996,
12128,
2867,
29889,
13,
2713,
5022,
360,
29889,
19135,
29901,
1954,
22094,
825,
366,
1033,
437,
411,
385,
4805,
29871,
29947,
6199,
639,
4723,
29889,
2193,
29915,
29879,
920,
1568,
931,
11706,
6351,
1338,
4078,
411,
315,
5991,
29892,
278,
3186,
29915,
29879,
8236,
6944,
10643,
7047,
29889,
2973,
27951,
573,
931,
23110,
29892,
289,
8873,
322,
4383,
10643,
29892,
315,
5991,
4840,
9012,
4129,
366,
437,
304,
1065,
596,
6944,
29892,
515,
938,
1296,
304,
297,
14917,
29889,
3967,
315,
5991,
363,
3889,
322,
679,
263,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29995,
2313,
792,
363,
596,
937,
4832,
7378,
746,
366,
1804,
701,
411,
278,
775,
323,
2287,
29896,
29900,
29889,
4587,
3236,
29892,
366,
508,
1284,
315,
5991,
472,
274,
5991,
29889,
510,
29889,
13,
29967,
326,
8251,
340,
388,
29901,
5169,
295,
763,
596,
9999,
292,
14231,
9455,
29915,
29873,
2805,
366,
278,
1880,
29899,
1767,
4251,
596,
9226,
16964,
1960,
29892,
363,
975,
29871,
29896,
29945,
2440,
2522,
26423,
291,
756,
9213
] | 1,024 | C4 | 0.071397 | -0.115508 | 0.006394 | 0.853539 |
thousands of law firms, just like yours, attract new cases and grow their practices. As a Google Premier Partner and winner of Google's Platform Innovator Award, Scorpion has the right resources and technology to market your law firm aggressively and generate better cases from the Internet. For more information, visit scorpionlegal.com/podcast.
Sharon D. Nelson: Welcome back to The Digital Edge on the Legal Talk Network. Today, our subject is Attorney Wellness Addressing the Crisis, and our guest is Len Heath, a partner in the firm of Heath, Overbey, Verser & Old, P.L.C., located in Newport News, Virginia. And Len is also the President of the Virginia State Bar now.
Len, why do you think it is that lawyers have so many wellness issues or maybe to put it another way, is practicing law bad for your health?
Len Heath: Well, that's an interesting question and I guess the answer is it can be. The problem that we have right now is that we don't really fully understand the issue and that's why the discussion and the education is so important and I use two analogies when I'm talking about this particular topic.
The first is the NFL. For years, we watched players in the NFL play hard football and the best plays were considered those that were hard-hitting and bell ringers, and we gave great applause to people who would stay in the game, and then we discovered this little thing called chronic traumatic encephalopathy, CTE, and with that, we then understood well wait a second, repeated blows to the head is not a good thing. And as a result, the NFL has changed some of its rules and we're studying how to make the game as safe as possible.
The other analogy I use it comes from my own experience and that of roofing. My father is fond of saying he put me on the roof young and made a good lawyer out of me, because he was a roofer. Well, he did put me on the roof young and when I worked with him when I was in my teens, the first thing that he did or any of the employees there that were working with me, they would teach me the safety aspects of it.
So I learned how to set up a ladder correctly, how to climb it correctly, how to get off of it correctly, how to get down from it correctly. Any piece of equipment that I used I was taught safety features and how to use and how not to use it.
Compare that with law. Once people graduate from law school and they pass the bar exam, we pretty much say have at it, and we don't explain to them the problems that can arise with our own practice and I can get to some of those details a little bit more detail as we move forward.
Jim Calloway: Len, we'll have people throughout the United States, listening to this podcast and many of them are very interested in what Virginia has done to date on the issues of wellness. So can you tell us where you are today?
Len Heath: Sure can. Our June Bar Council and we're governed by a Bar Council of 81 attorneys that is our Congress in Virginia of lawyers. And in June, our Bar Council adopted a proposed revision to Rule 1.1, actually to the comments of Rule 1.1 on competence that basically says the lawyers' mental and emotional and physical well-being impacts the lawyers' ability to represent clients and to make responsible choices in the practice of law.
It's in the comments, it's not in the rule. So it's something that's advisory and it's not something that lawyers can be disciplined on.
In addition, in our disciplinary process, acknowledging that some lawyers do have mental health issues and trying to help them, we've changed some of our rules or at least made recommendations to the Supreme Court to change some of the rules. One of the rule changes is to allow our Bar Council as the attorneys represented Virginia State Bar to make an informal referral to our lawyer assistance program and share information deemed confidential so that that referral can be made.
Before that change was made our Bar Council couldn't — could not do that. And so, we're trying to find other avenues of assisting impaired lawyers as opposed to just punishing them. And in addition, we made another recommendation as far as disciplinary process is concerned that allows attorneys to instead of being prosecuted for an impairment or in violation to close the case | [
17202,
310,
4307,
13734,
1516,
29892,
925,
763,
15850,
29892,
13978,
716,
4251,
322,
6548,
1009,
23274,
29889,
1094,
263,
5087,
14163,
3455,
1089,
322,
19576,
310,
5087,
29915,
29879,
28096,
512,
13715,
1061,
7526,
29892,
2522,
26423,
291,
756,
278,
1492,
7788,
322,
15483,
304,
9999,
596,
4307,
9226,
946,
3663,
3598,
322,
5706,
2253,
4251,
515,
278,
4685,
29889,
1152,
901,
2472,
29892,
6493,
885,
26423,
291,
12018,
29889,
510,
29914,
15334,
4384,
29889,
13,
2713,
5022,
360,
29889,
19135,
29901,
21829,
1250,
304,
450,
15918,
21086,
373,
278,
5682,
284,
323,
2235,
8527,
29889,
20628,
29892,
1749,
4967,
338,
6212,
25252,
5674,
2264,
16428,
292,
278,
29524,
275,
29892,
322,
1749,
17838,
338,
16206,
940,
493,
29892,
263,
18096,
297,
278,
9226,
310,
940,
493,
29892,
6811,
22072,
29892,
10138,
261,
669,
8198,
29892,
349,
29889,
29931,
29889,
29907,
1696,
5982,
297,
1570,
637,
10130,
29892,
11653,
29889,
1126,
16206,
338,
884,
278,
7178,
310,
278,
11653,
4306,
2261,
1286,
29889,
13,
21515,
29892,
2020,
437,
366,
1348,
372,
338,
393,
4307,
29891,
414,
505,
577,
1784,
1532,
2264,
5626,
470,
5505,
304,
1925,
372,
1790,
982,
29892,
338,
4120,
18499,
4307,
4319,
363,
596,
9045,
29973,
13,
21515,
940,
493,
29901,
5674,
29892,
393,
29915,
29879,
385,
8031,
1139,
322,
306,
4140,
278,
1234,
338,
372,
508,
367,
29889,
450,
1108,
393,
591,
505,
1492,
1286,
338,
393,
591,
1016,
29915,
29873,
2289,
8072,
2274,
278,
2228,
322,
393,
29915,
29879,
2020,
278,
10679,
322,
278,
9793,
338,
577,
4100,
322,
306,
671,
1023,
15690,
583,
746,
306,
29915,
29885,
9963,
1048,
445,
3153,
11261,
29889,
13,
1576,
937,
338,
278,
25167,
29889,
1152,
2440,
29892,
591,
20654,
10769,
297,
278,
25167,
1708,
2898,
5733,
322,
278,
1900,
13582,
892,
5545,
1906,
393,
892,
2898,
29899,
29882,
5367,
322,
22623,
9228,
414,
29892,
322,
591,
4846,
2107,
623,
433,
1509,
304,
2305,
1058,
723,
7952,
297,
278,
3748,
29892,
322,
769,
591,
10943,
445,
2217,
2655,
2000,
17168,
293,
1020,
398,
2454,
427,
346,
17206,
459,
493,
29891,
29892,
315,
4330,
29892,
322,
411,
393,
29892,
591,
769,
11098,
1532,
4480,
263,
1473,
29892,
10324,
13031,
29879,
304,
278,
2343,
338,
451,
263,
1781,
2655,
29889,
1126,
408,
263,
1121,
29892,
278,
25167,
756,
3939,
777,
310,
967,
6865,
322,
591,
29915,
276,
23382,
920,
304,
1207,
278,
3748,
408,
9109,
408,
1950,
29889,
13,
1576,
916,
3483,
6933,
306,
671,
372,
5304,
515,
590,
1914,
7271,
322,
393,
310,
17526,
292,
29889,
1619,
4783,
338,
6299,
310,
5934,
540,
1925,
592,
373,
278,
17526,
4123,
322,
1754,
263,
1781,
25008,
714,
310,
592,
29892,
1363,
540,
471,
263,
696,
29877,
571,
29889,
5674,
29892,
540,
1258,
1925,
592,
373,
278,
17526,
4123,
322,
746,
306,
3796,
411,
1075,
746,
306,
471,
297,
590,
734,
575,
29892,
278,
937,
2655,
393,
540,
1258,
470,
738,
310,
278,
22873,
727,
393,
892,
1985,
411,
592,
29892,
896,
723,
6860,
592,
278,
15332,
21420,
310,
372,
29889,
13,
6295,
306,
10972,
920,
304,
731,
701,
263,
11979,
672,
5149,
29892,
920,
304,
10784,
29890,
372,
5149,
29892,
920,
304,
679,
1283,
310,
372,
5149,
29892,
920,
304,
679,
1623,
515,
372,
5149,
29889,
3139,
8424,
310,
21083,
393,
306,
1304,
306,
471,
16187,
15332,
5680,
322,
920,
304,
671,
322,
920,
451,
304,
671,
372,
29889,
13,
6843,
598,
393,
411,
4307,
29889,
9038,
2305,
10591,
403,
515,
4307,
3762,
322,
896,
1209,
278,
2594,
4392,
29892,
591,
5051,
1568,
1827,
505,
472,
372,
29892,
322,
591,
1016,
29915,
29873,
5649,
304,
963,
278,
4828,
393,
508,
29030,
411,
1749,
1914,
6944,
322,
306,
508,
679,
304,
777,
310,
1906,
4902,
263,
2217,
2586,
901,
9493,
408,
591,
4337,
6375,
29889,
13,
29967,
326,
8251,
340,
388,
29901,
16206,
29892,
591,
29915,
645,
505,
2305,
10106,
278,
3303,
3900,
29892,
19866,
304,
445,
2532,
4384,
322,
1784,
310,
963,
526,
1407,
8852,
297,
825,
11653,
756,
2309,
304,
2635,
373,
278,
5626,
310,
1532,
2264,
29889,
1105,
508,
366,
2649,
502,
988,
366,
526,
9826,
29973,
13,
21515,
940,
493,
29901,
18585,
508,
29889,
8680,
5306,
2261,
8831,
322,
591,
29915,
276,
4095,
287,
491,
263,
2261,
8831,
310,
29871,
29947,
29896,
1098,
272,
484,
952,
393,
338,
1749,
11559,
297,
11653,
310,
4307,
29891,
414,
29889,
1126,
297,
5306,
29892,
1749,
2261,
8831,
16356,
263,
7972,
26554,
304,
27308,
29871,
29896,
29889,
29896,
29892,
2869,
304,
278,
6589,
310,
27308,
29871,
29896,
29889,
29896,
373,
5100,
663,
393,
8830,
4083,
278,
4307,
29891,
414,
29915,
19119,
322,
23023,
1848,
322,
9128,
1532,
29899,
915,
292,
10879,
29879,
278,
4307,
29891,
414,
29915,
11509,
304,
2755,
13154,
322,
304,
1207,
14040,
19995,
297,
278,
6944,
310,
4307,
29889,
13,
3112,
29915,
29879,
297,
278,
6589,
29892,
372,
29915,
29879,
451,
297,
278,
5751,
29889,
1105,
372,
29915,
29879,
1554,
393,
29915,
29879,
25228,
706,
322,
372,
29915,
29879,
451,
1554,
393,
4307,
29891,
414,
508,
367,
17119,
1312,
373,
29889,
13,
797,
6124,
29892,
297,
1749,
17119,
3821,
1889,
29892,
24084,
3460,
393,
777,
4307,
29891,
414,
437,
505,
19119,
9045,
5626,
322,
1811,
304,
1371,
963,
29892,
591,
29915,
345,
3939,
777,
310,
1749,
6865,
470,
472,
3203,
1754,
6907,
800,
304,
278,
22569,
9245,
304,
1735,
777,
310,
278,
6865,
29889,
3118,
310,
278,
5751,
3620,
338,
304,
2758,
1749,
2261,
8831,
408,
278,
1098,
272,
484,
952,
9875,
11653,
4306,
2261,
304,
1207,
385,
1871,
284,
2737,
1705,
304,
1749,
25008,
18872,
1824,
322,
6232,
2472,
316,
22580,
24332,
616,
577,
393,
393,
2737,
1705,
508,
367,
1754,
29889,
13,
18743,
393,
1735,
471,
1754,
1749,
2261,
8831,
8496,
29915,
29873,
813,
1033,
451,
437,
393,
29889,
1126,
577,
29892,
591,
29915,
276,
1811,
304,
1284,
916,
263,
854,
1041,
310,
6985,
292,
2411,
29874,
2859,
4307,
29891,
414,
408,
15869,
304,
925,
6035,
14424,
963,
29889,
1126,
297,
6124,
29892,
591,
1754,
1790,
29303,
408,
2215,
408,
17119,
3821,
1889,
338,
15041,
393,
6511,
1098,
272,
484,
952,
304,
2012,
310,
1641,
410,
3471,
3860,
363,
385,
2411,
1466,
358,
470,
297,
5537,
362,
304,
3802,
278,
1206
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.209989 | -0.28568 | -0.677721 | 0.544909 |
in an impairment proceeding by transferring voluntarily over to our disabled and retired class.
In other words, if you've had a lawyer who has practiced for 40 years and all of a sudden he starts suffering from Alzheimer's or she, and this is a way that they can elect to go ahead and basically take an early retirement given that disability.
Sharon D. Nelson: Well the obvious follow-up question I think and the one that listeners really want to hear about is, so where is Virginia going from here? Have we got a game plan for the future?
Len Heath: Well, we do. And part of that hinges again on Justice Mims' committee and what will be coming out of that, I can tell you that we've got a lot of good ideas unfortunately right now, that's not fit for or subject to publication yet. But I can tell you that the court has taken the lead on getting out the wellness message.
For example, this morning I got an email where the Chief Justice is asked that I attend a course at one of our state law schools to again teach on wellness. I will be talking later on this week at our own disciplinary conference where I'll be speaking with Justice Mims on wellness.
So education really is where we're pushing that right now, and there will be some other substantive changes I suspect coming out of that committee report.
Jim Calloway: How are your efforts in Virginia being funded, Len? Money is always a problem even for good causes.
Len Heath: Well, there are two aspects of what we're doing with regard to wellness. Number one is education. And as an example of my acceptance speech when I was sworn in afterwards I had a spouse come up to me and she said, I've been married to my husband for 25 years, he's been practicing that entire time and thank goodness somebody is finally talking about this. And so education is key, and fortunately with our CLE industry, particularly here in Virginia, that kind of takes one, its own effort, we don't really have to fund that.
The other part of the wellness initiative is with regard to impaired lawyers, and keep in mind the wellness initiative is not just about impaired lawyers, it's about much more than that. That's that critical self-evaluation of the profession. But when we talk about impaired lawyers, we're talking about the need to properly fund Collab type programs and here in Virginia, we use Lawyers Helping Lawyers.
And so we are looking at ways of funding that we are a mandatory bar and so we are always mindful of dues and expenses but that is right now a top priority to get more money to Lawyers Helping Lawyers in a number of different ways.
Sharon D. Nelson: Is your firm experiencing missed calls, empty voicemail boxes and potential clients you will never hear from again? Enter Answer 1 Virtual Receptionists. They are more than just an answering service. Answer 1 is available 24×7. They can even schedule appointments, respond to emails, integrate with Clio, and much more. Answer 1 helps make sure your clients have the experience they deserve. Give them a call at 1-800-answer 1 or visit them at answer1.com/podcast for a special offer.
Jim Calloway: Looking for a process server you can trust, Serve-Now.com is a nationwide network of local prescreened process servers. ServeNow works with the most professional process servers in the country. Connect your firm with process servers who embrace technology, have experience with high-volume serves, and understand the litigation process and the rules of properly effectuating service. Find a prescreened process server today. Visit Serve-Now.com.
Sharon D. Nelson: Welcome back to The Digital Edge on the Legal Talk Network. Today, our subject is, Attorney Wellness Addressing the Crisis, and our guest is Len Heath, a partner in the firm of Heath, Overbey, Verser & Old, P.L.C., located in Newport News, Virginia.
Len, there has been some talk and I know some work done saying that wellness issues should be receiving CLE credit. Can you tell us where that initiative stands now and what the rationale is for giving CLE credit for wellness courses?
Len Heath: Well, in Virginia we always look to see if the topic is one that either is a recognized legal topic or a topic that entered really relates to the | [
297,
385,
2411,
1466,
358,
8469,
292,
491,
6782,
5393,
27081,
6275,
975,
304,
1749,
12708,
322,
16528,
770,
29889,
13,
797,
916,
3838,
29892,
565,
366,
29915,
345,
750,
263,
25008,
1058,
756,
4120,
7612,
363,
29871,
29946,
29900,
2440,
322,
599,
310,
263,
8327,
540,
8665,
23164,
515,
838,
29920,
27400,
29915,
29879,
470,
1183,
29892,
322,
445,
338,
263,
982,
393,
896,
508,
3546,
304,
748,
14432,
322,
8830,
2125,
385,
4688,
3240,
19211,
2183,
393,
766,
3097,
29889,
13,
2713,
5022,
360,
29889,
19135,
29901,
5674,
278,
6924,
1101,
29899,
786,
1139,
306,
1348,
322,
278,
697,
393,
11621,
414,
2289,
864,
304,
8293,
1048,
338,
29892,
577,
988,
338,
11653,
2675,
515,
1244,
29973,
6975,
591,
2355,
263,
3748,
3814,
363,
278,
5434,
29973,
13,
21515,
940,
493,
29901,
5674,
29892,
591,
437,
29889,
1126,
760,
310,
393,
298,
292,
267,
1449,
373,
17181,
341,
9893,
29915,
21118,
322,
825,
674,
367,
6421,
714,
310,
393,
29892,
306,
508,
2649,
366,
393,
591,
29915,
345,
2355,
263,
3287,
310,
1781,
7014,
15428,
1492,
1286,
29892,
393,
29915,
29879,
451,
6216,
363,
470,
4967,
304,
17745,
3447,
29889,
1205,
306,
508,
2649,
366,
393,
278,
8973,
756,
4586,
278,
3275,
373,
2805,
714,
278,
1532,
2264,
2643,
29889,
13,
2831,
1342,
29892,
445,
7250,
306,
2355,
385,
4876,
988,
278,
14546,
17181,
338,
4433,
393,
306,
14333,
263,
3236,
472,
697,
310,
1749,
2106,
4307,
12462,
304,
1449,
6860,
373,
1532,
2264,
29889,
306,
674,
367,
9963,
2678,
373,
445,
4723,
472,
1749,
1914,
17119,
3821,
21362,
988,
306,
29915,
645,
367,
13590,
411,
17181,
341,
9893,
373,
1532,
2264,
29889,
13,
6295,
9793,
2289,
338,
988,
591,
29915,
276,
27556,
393,
1492,
1286,
29892,
322,
727,
674,
367,
777,
916,
20446,
573,
3620,
306,
12326,
6421,
714,
310,
393,
21118,
3461,
29889,
13,
29967,
326,
8251,
340,
388,
29901,
1128,
526,
596,
14231,
297,
11653,
1641,
5220,
287,
29892,
16206,
29973,
341,
4992,
338,
2337,
263,
1108,
1584,
363,
1781,
9946,
29889,
13,
21515,
940,
493,
29901,
5674,
29892,
727,
526,
1023,
21420,
310,
825,
591,
29915,
276,
2599,
411,
4880,
304,
1532,
2264,
29889,
9681,
697,
338,
9793,
29889,
1126,
408,
385,
1342,
310,
590,
3544,
749,
12032,
746,
306,
471,
2381,
1398,
297,
12335,
306,
750,
263,
805,
1709,
2041,
701,
304,
592,
322,
1183,
1497,
29892,
306,
29915,
345,
1063,
8300,
304,
590,
10216,
363,
29871,
29906,
29945,
2440,
29892,
540,
29915,
29879,
1063,
4120,
18499,
393,
4152,
931,
322,
6452,
1781,
2264,
18462,
338,
7146,
9963,
1048,
445,
29889,
1126,
577,
9793,
338,
1820,
29892,
322,
5162,
348,
2486,
411,
1749,
315,
1307,
13661,
29892,
10734,
1244,
297,
11653,
29892,
393,
2924,
310,
4893,
697,
29892,
967,
1914,
7225,
29892,
591,
1016,
29915,
29873,
2289,
505,
304,
5220,
393,
29889,
13,
1576,
916,
760,
310,
278,
1532,
2264,
14511,
1230,
338,
411,
4880,
304,
2411,
29874,
2859,
4307,
29891,
414,
29892,
322,
3013,
297,
3458,
278,
1532,
2264,
14511,
1230,
338,
451,
925,
1048,
2411,
29874,
2859,
4307,
29891,
414,
29892,
372,
29915,
29879,
1048,
1568,
901,
1135,
393,
29889,
2193,
29915,
29879,
393,
12187,
1583,
29899,
24219,
362,
310,
278,
6351,
29889,
1205,
746,
591,
5193,
1048,
2411,
29874,
2859,
4307,
29891,
414,
29892,
591,
29915,
276,
9963,
1048,
278,
817,
304,
6284,
5220,
1530,
8205,
1134,
11104,
322,
1244,
297,
11653,
29892,
591,
671,
7927,
29891,
414,
6162,
15702,
7927,
29891,
414,
29889,
13,
2855,
577,
591,
526,
3063,
472,
5837,
310,
5220,
292,
393,
591,
526,
263,
9619,
7606,
2594,
322,
577,
591,
526,
2337,
3458,
1319,
310,
27447,
322,
1518,
11259,
541,
393,
338,
1492,
1286,
263,
2246,
20136,
304,
679,
901,
6909,
304,
7927,
29891,
414,
6162,
15702,
7927,
29891,
414,
297,
263,
1353,
310,
1422,
5837,
29889,
13,
2713,
5022,
360,
29889,
19135,
29901,
1317,
596,
9226,
10623,
3277,
13726,
5717,
29892,
4069,
992,
293,
5269,
16273,
322,
7037,
13154,
366,
674,
2360,
8293,
515,
1449,
29973,
9041,
673,
29871,
29896,
19181,
830,
1441,
2879,
29889,
2688,
526,
901,
1135,
925,
385,
22862,
2669,
29889,
673,
29871,
29896,
338,
3625,
29871,
29906,
29946,
30122,
29955,
29889,
2688,
508,
1584,
20410,
8167,
1860,
29892,
10049,
304,
24609,
29892,
22782,
411,
315,
5991,
29892,
322,
1568,
901,
29889,
673,
29871,
29896,
6911,
1207,
1854,
596,
13154,
505,
278,
7271,
896,
553,
7143,
29889,
25538,
963,
263,
1246,
472,
29871,
29896,
29899,
29947,
29900,
29900,
29899,
12011,
29871,
29896,
470,
6493,
963,
472,
1234,
29896,
29889,
510,
29914,
15334,
4384,
363,
263,
4266,
5957,
29889,
13,
29967,
326,
8251,
340,
388,
29901,
21223,
363,
263,
1889,
1923,
366,
508,
9311,
29892,
1816,
345,
29899,
10454,
29889,
510,
338,
263,
5233,
8157,
3564,
310,
1887,
2225,
5576,
287,
1889,
12424,
29889,
1816,
345,
10454,
1736,
411,
278,
1556,
10257,
1889,
12424,
297,
278,
4234,
29889,
14971,
596,
9226,
411,
1889,
12424,
1058,
953,
13842,
15483,
29892,
505,
7271,
411,
1880,
29899,
24623,
19700,
29892,
322,
2274,
278,
11872,
335,
362,
1889,
322,
278,
6865,
310,
6284,
2779,
29884,
1218,
2669,
29889,
10987,
263,
2225,
5576,
287,
1889,
1923,
9826,
29889,
5741,
277,
1816,
345,
29899,
10454,
29889,
510,
29889,
13,
2713,
5022,
360,
29889,
19135,
29901,
21829,
1250,
304,
450,
15918,
21086,
373,
278,
5682,
284,
323,
2235,
8527,
29889,
20628,
29892,
1749,
4967,
338,
29892,
6212,
25252,
5674,
2264,
16428,
292,
278,
29524,
275,
29892,
322,
1749,
17838,
338,
16206,
940,
493,
29892,
263,
18096,
297,
278,
9226,
310,
940,
493,
29892,
6811,
22072,
29892,
10138,
261,
669,
8198,
29892,
349,
29889,
29931,
29889,
29907,
1696,
5982,
297,
1570,
637,
10130,
29892,
11653,
29889,
13,
21515,
29892,
727,
756,
1063,
777,
5193,
322,
306,
1073,
777,
664,
2309,
5934,
393,
1532,
2264,
5626,
881,
367,
13442,
315,
1307,
16200,
29889,
1815,
366,
2649,
502,
988,
393,
14511,
1230,
15028,
1286,
322,
825,
278,
364,
11464,
338,
363,
6820,
315,
1307,
16200,
363,
1532,
2264,
21888,
29973,
13,
21515,
940,
493,
29901,
5674,
29892,
297,
11653,
591,
2337,
1106,
304,
1074,
565,
278,
11261,
338,
697,
393,
2845,
338,
263,
14831,
11706,
11261,
470,
263,
11261,
393,
7802,
2289,
1104,
1078,
304,
278
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.324615 | -0.452121 | -0.854353 | 0.413362 |
practice of law and that's a standard that's used in most states.
And at this point and I can speak with some authority because I just rolled off as the chair of our MCLE Board. But I could tell you in Virginia we embrace wellness topics for CLE credit, we have given credit for the topic for a number of years as a result of the wellness report that came out in August of last year.
The MCLE Board rewrote our opinion dealing with wellness to make it abundantly clear that we will give credit for the topic. So before that amendment, the opinion was I think about a sort of a page long and now it's about two pages long, listing all of the things we will give credit for.
Jim Calloway: Len, I know you are only President of the Virginia State Bar for one year and from talking to other bar presidents that moves like a pretty fast year, what do you hope to accomplish on wellness in your year and what do you see that will probably remain to be done after your year in office?
Len Heath: Well two things. Again, one is to be out there with the Chief Justice promoting the discussion of the topic and making people, and when I say people, not just lawyers but significant others; spouses, law students, law professors aware of this particular topic.
The other thing that I am very interested in is I want to drill down to why, and a lot of discussions you hear at top, discussions about well there's anxiety and depression. Well, a lot of things cause anxiety and depression, but why, why are these things popping up?
So I have put together what I — I call a matrix of occupational risk to lawyer well-being and I did it just to kind of get my thoughts in order but now, the more I do it the more I realized that it really is a very viable project we need to look into and I will be doing this during my year.
I've come up with 20 different characteristics of things and each characteristic causes a different type of condition, and is treated differently. And let me give you a couple of examples. We all know most lawyers work long hours, and we also work unusual hours. We also manage problems of others. Those are three real easy things, but then there are things that are not quite so obvious.
One is the sedentary nature of work and now we're finding studies that indicate that if you just move around a little bit during the day, your health gets better. The mere fact that we work indoors most people thankful that isn't that a good thing, well it is, unless you have this thing called seasonal affective disorder, which I do, which means that in January or February, I become the world's biggest grump.
And that causes depression and anxiety but instead of treating it with medication or counseling; fortunately, I have a very wonderful wife who spotted it early and sent me to the doctor and got a diagnosis for me. The treatment is that you get plenty of exercise, you get out on sunny days and you take plenty of vitamin D. So that's a prime example of understanding the risk and then knowing how to treat it.
And I'll throw out one other example that is getting a lot of discussion these days and I had not heard of it before and it's a concept called vicarious trauma. And that is where you're exposed to some of the worst things in the world and you're expected that it's not going to impact you.
As lawyers, we're told to be objective and to stay distant and not to soak things in, but we're all human sponges. We all take in things and so we have folks like prosecutors, and defense attorneys, and judges, who are seeing the worst side of society and particularly, gang violence where horrifically bad crimes are being committed as part of initiation.
And to prove part of the initiation, it has to be videotaped and it's amazing people will do these cruel things, but it's just as mind-boggling that they will record it. And we have these lawyers who happen to sit down and watch it and so once you have that and then this vicarious trauma comes into play. And we're finding that there are ways of coping with that and helping others.
As an example, I heard one judge say we used to assign all those cases to one judge. Well, that was horrifically bad for that one judge and then state decided to start sharing it and what that did was, one it took some of | [
6944,
310,
4307,
322,
393,
29915,
29879,
263,
3918,
393,
29915,
29879,
1304,
297,
1556,
5922,
29889,
13,
2855,
472,
445,
1298,
322,
306,
508,
7726,
411,
777,
14329,
1363,
306,
925,
29081,
1283,
408,
278,
11774,
310,
1749,
21271,
1307,
12590,
29889,
1205,
306,
1033,
2649,
366,
297,
11653,
591,
953,
13842,
1532,
2264,
23820,
363,
315,
1307,
16200,
29892,
591,
505,
2183,
16200,
363,
278,
11261,
363,
263,
1353,
310,
2440,
408,
263,
1121,
310,
278,
1532,
2264,
3461,
393,
2996,
714,
297,
3111,
310,
1833,
1629,
29889,
13,
1576,
21271,
1307,
12590,
337,
29893,
4859,
1749,
9426,
16743,
411,
1532,
2264,
304,
1207,
372,
18666,
10835,
2821,
393,
591,
674,
2367,
16200,
363,
278,
11261,
29889,
1105,
1434,
393,
626,
355,
358,
29892,
278,
9426,
471,
306,
1348,
1048,
263,
2656,
310,
263,
1813,
1472,
322,
1286,
372,
29915,
29879,
1048,
1023,
6515,
1472,
29892,
18028,
599,
310,
278,
2712,
591,
674,
2367,
16200,
363,
29889,
13,
29967,
326,
8251,
340,
388,
29901,
16206,
29892,
306,
1073,
366,
526,
871,
7178,
310,
278,
11653,
4306,
2261,
363,
697,
1629,
322,
515,
9963,
304,
916,
2594,
2225,
16719,
393,
16229,
763,
263,
5051,
5172,
1629,
29892,
825,
437,
366,
4966,
304,
12709,
373,
1532,
2264,
297,
596,
1629,
322,
825,
437,
366,
1074,
393,
674,
3117,
3933,
304,
367,
2309,
1156,
596,
1629,
297,
8034,
29973,
13,
21515,
940,
493,
29901,
5674,
1023,
2712,
29889,
11454,
29892,
697,
338,
304,
367,
714,
727,
411,
278,
14546,
17181,
2504,
11427,
278,
10679,
310,
278,
11261,
322,
3907,
2305,
29892,
322,
746,
306,
1827,
2305,
29892,
451,
925,
4307,
29891,
414,
541,
7282,
4045,
29936,
805,
23676,
29892,
4307,
8041,
29892,
4307,
25718,
943,
9543,
310,
445,
3153,
11261,
29889,
13,
1576,
916,
2655,
393,
306,
626,
1407,
8852,
297,
338,
306,
864,
304,
4192,
453,
1623,
304,
2020,
29892,
322,
263,
3287,
310,
5353,
1080,
366,
8293,
472,
2246,
29892,
5353,
1080,
1048,
1532,
727,
29915,
29879,
14919,
21549,
322,
316,
2590,
29889,
5674,
29892,
263,
3287,
310,
2712,
4556,
14919,
21549,
322,
316,
2590,
29892,
541,
2020,
29892,
2020,
526,
1438,
2712,
772,
3262,
701,
29973,
13,
6295,
306,
505,
1925,
4208,
825,
306,
813,
306,
1246,
263,
4636,
310,
6919,
1288,
12045,
304,
25008,
1532,
29899,
915,
292,
322,
306,
1258,
372,
925,
304,
2924,
310,
679,
590,
13133,
297,
1797,
541,
1286,
29892,
278,
901,
306,
437,
372,
278,
901,
306,
16387,
393,
372,
2289,
338,
263,
1407,
3516,
519,
2060,
591,
817,
304,
1106,
964,
322,
306,
674,
367,
2599,
445,
2645,
590,
1629,
29889,
13,
29902,
29915,
345,
2041,
701,
411,
29871,
29906,
29900,
1422,
21862,
310,
2712,
322,
1269,
17443,
9946,
263,
1422,
1134,
310,
4195,
29892,
322,
338,
14914,
17587,
29889,
1126,
1235,
592,
2367,
366,
263,
7303,
310,
6455,
29889,
1334,
599,
1073,
1556,
4307,
29891,
414,
664,
1472,
6199,
29892,
322,
591,
884,
664,
22910,
6199,
29889,
1334,
884,
10933,
4828,
310,
4045,
29889,
16025,
526,
2211,
1855,
4780,
2712,
29892,
541,
769,
727,
526,
2712,
393,
526,
451,
3755,
577,
6924,
29889,
13,
6716,
338,
278,
7048,
296,
653,
5469,
310,
664,
322,
1286,
591,
29915,
276,
9138,
11898,
393,
12266,
393,
565,
366,
925,
4337,
2820,
263,
2217,
2586,
2645,
278,
2462,
29892,
596,
9045,
4947,
2253,
29889,
450,
15187,
2114,
393,
591,
664,
1399,
29877,
943,
1556,
2305,
6452,
1319,
393,
3508,
29915,
29873,
393,
263,
1781,
2655,
29892,
1532,
372,
338,
29892,
6521,
366,
505,
445,
2655,
2000,
4259,
284,
6602,
573,
766,
2098,
29892,
607,
306,
437,
29892,
607,
2794,
393,
297,
5490,
470,
6339,
29892,
306,
4953,
278,
3186,
29915,
29879,
24842,
867,
3427,
29889,
13,
2855,
393,
9946,
316,
2590,
322,
14919,
21549,
541,
2012,
310,
2578,
1218,
372,
411,
13589,
362,
470,
2613,
2838,
292,
29936,
5162,
348,
2486,
29892,
306,
505,
263,
1407,
20695,
6532,
1058,
805,
15048,
372,
4688,
322,
2665,
592,
304,
278,
11619,
322,
2355,
263,
24876,
19263,
363,
592,
29889,
450,
14502,
338,
393,
366,
679,
20947,
310,
15058,
29892,
366,
679,
714,
373,
6575,
1460,
3841,
322,
366,
2125,
20947,
310,
13901,
9103,
360,
29889,
1105,
393,
29915,
29879,
263,
6019,
1342,
310,
8004,
278,
12045,
322,
769,
13797,
920,
304,
7539,
372,
29889,
13,
2855,
306,
29915,
645,
3183,
714,
697,
916,
1342,
393,
338,
2805,
263,
3287,
310,
10679,
1438,
3841,
322,
306,
750,
451,
6091,
310,
372,
1434,
322,
372,
29915,
29879,
263,
6964,
2000,
9467,
1306,
681,
1020,
10859,
29889,
1126,
393,
338,
988,
366,
29915,
276,
19884,
304,
777,
310,
278,
17322,
2712,
297,
278,
3186,
322,
366,
29915,
276,
3806,
393,
372,
29915,
29879,
451,
2675,
304,
10879,
366,
29889,
13,
2887,
4307,
29891,
414,
29892,
591,
29915,
276,
5429,
304,
367,
12091,
322,
304,
7952,
21188,
322,
451,
304,
577,
557,
2712,
297,
29892,
541,
591,
29915,
276,
599,
5199,
805,
549,
267,
29889,
1334,
599,
2125,
297,
2712,
322,
577,
591,
505,
900,
2039,
763,
410,
3471,
29560,
29892,
322,
26406,
1098,
272,
484,
952,
29892,
322,
6577,
2710,
29892,
1058,
526,
8790,
278,
17322,
2625,
310,
12459,
322,
10734,
29892,
20676,
21448,
988,
4029,
29878,
928,
635,
4319,
2181,
1355,
526,
1641,
19355,
408,
760,
310,
2069,
11685,
29889,
13,
2855,
304,
6356,
760,
310,
278,
2069,
11685,
29892,
372,
756,
304,
367,
18900,
327,
10501,
322,
372,
29915,
29879,
21863,
292,
2305,
674,
437,
1438,
24116,
2712,
29892,
541,
372,
29915,
29879,
925,
408,
3458,
29899,
29890,
468,
29887,
1847,
393,
896,
674,
2407,
372,
29889,
1126,
591,
505,
1438,
4307,
29891,
414,
1058,
3799,
304,
7845,
1623,
322,
6505,
372,
322,
577,
2748,
366,
505,
393,
322,
769,
445,
9467,
1306,
681,
1020,
10859,
5304,
964,
1708,
29889,
1126,
591,
29915,
276,
9138,
393,
727,
526,
5837,
310,
5614,
292,
411,
393,
322,
19912,
4045,
29889,
13,
2887,
385,
1342,
29892,
306,
6091,
697,
16833,
1827,
591,
1304,
304,
3566,
599,
1906,
4251,
304,
697,
16833,
29889,
5674,
29892,
393,
471,
4029,
29878,
928,
635,
4319,
363,
393,
697,
16833,
322,
769,
2106,
8459,
304,
1369,
19383,
372,
322,
825,
393,
1258,
471,
29892,
697,
372,
3614,
777,
310
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.31001 | -0.274487 | -0.374666 | 0.64104 |
Coco Austin: Interview with the Star of 'Ice Loves Coco'
Reality star and former Playboy model, Coco Austin, has adored fans with her sweet, down-to-earth personality since debuting on the show, Ice Loves Coco, with her devoted husband, rapper/actor Ice-T, in 2011. With Coco's charm and playfulness and Ice T's use of common sense and telling it like it is makes this couple's every day life seem quite entertaining to watch.
But there is more to this Southern California girl than just wearing over-the-top sexy outfits that hug her voluptuous curves and being arm candy to her man at celebrity events. She is also a business woman and an advocate of full-figured women being comfortable with their bodies.
The 34-year-old, blond bombshell's latest project is Peepshow at Planet Hollywood in Las Vegas. The striptease show has wowed audiences. Coco was even named by Las Vegas Weekly to be one of the top 13 performers to watch in 2013. TheCelebrityCafe.com had the chance to speak with Coco about Peepshow (which has been extended through Sept. 1st) and how she manages to make her marriage work despite the distance.
TheCelebrityCafe.com: What can people expect at Peepshow?
Coco Austin: When people hear the term peepshow they automatically think of it as a sleazy, grimy-type atmosphere. But this show is the opposite of that. It's a musical love story. Everything you would expect at a Vegas show is in Peepshow such as Cirque du Soleil-like entertainment, comedy, singing, and dancing.
Another thing viewers won't expect is the character I play, Bo Peep, who is shy and timid, which is the exact opposite of me. A lot of people didn't think I could pull it off. In fact, after each show I do a meet and greet with the audience and some actually thought I really was shy like my character. So it's nice to know that I did my performance so well that people really thought I can be timid.
TCC: Do you personally sing, dance, or do any acrobats on the show?
CA: I only dance on the show. When I first got the call to do the Vegas show, I had seen Holly Madison prior to taking her place on Peepshow and she was singing and dancing. So I said, "If I am coming all the way from New York to Las Vegas for the show I want to dance." The reason why I said this is because I have been dancing my whole entire life. Peepshow gave me the opportunity to show off my skill. There are not too many times that you start something in your childhood that you actually get a chance to show off later on in life. I might tweak it a bit and incorporate singing in my performance. But for right now I'm not too into it. I can hold a tune, but I'm not comfortable doing that just yet. I am not on the level of the talent we have on the show. So I'll leave the singing to them. (Laughs)
TCC: Since this is a burlesque show there is nudity involved, right?
CA: Um…maybe I shouldn't give it away, but in the show my character gets some help on how to be more comfortable with her body. So there is nudity involved. I won't tell you what parts are shown, but it happens suddenly that the audience doesn't expect it.
TCC: Were you nervous during your debut because of having to bare your body in front of an audience?
CA: I get asked that all the time and what people don't realize is that you do so many rehearsals before you actually hit the stage. After practicing over and over again when you finally perform on stage it comes off natural. Also, when on stage what the audience doesn't know is that you can't see them because of the stage lights that hit you in the face. It's a trick that stage performers do. So that helps me a lot when I'm doing my thing on stage.
TCC: Is Peepshow something only men will enjoy or could they bring their wives or girlfriends with them?
CA: It is for all audiences. Let me tell you, I have a really big female fan base. So | [
315,
6235,
24518,
29901,
4124,
1493,
411,
278,
7828,
310,
525,
29902,
346,
23974,
267,
315,
6235,
29915,
13,
1123,
2877,
5810,
322,
4642,
7412,
19415,
1904,
29892,
315,
6235,
24518,
29892,
756,
594,
4395,
24909,
411,
902,
14225,
29892,
1623,
29899,
517,
29899,
799,
386,
2022,
2877,
1951,
9512,
292,
373,
278,
1510,
29892,
26998,
23974,
267,
315,
6235,
29892,
411,
902,
24600,
10216,
29892,
1153,
2496,
29914,
7168,
26998,
29899,
29911,
29892,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29896,
29889,
2973,
315,
6235,
29915,
29879,
21192,
322,
1708,
1319,
2264,
322,
26998,
323,
29915,
29879,
671,
310,
3619,
4060,
322,
14509,
372,
763,
372,
338,
3732,
445,
7303,
29915,
29879,
1432,
2462,
2834,
2833,
3755,
22684,
292,
304,
6505,
29889,
13,
6246,
727,
338,
901,
304,
445,
14234,
8046,
7826,
1135,
925,
591,
4362,
975,
29899,
1552,
29899,
3332,
409,
3594,
714,
29888,
1169,
393,
298,
688,
902,
1700,
21245,
17269,
19684,
322,
1641,
5075,
274,
13910,
304,
902,
767,
472,
10894,
537,
4959,
29889,
2296,
338,
884,
263,
5381,
6114,
322,
385,
22545,
403,
310,
2989,
29899,
1003,
2955,
5866,
1641,
25561,
411,
1009,
17873,
29889,
13,
1576,
29871,
29941,
29946,
29899,
6360,
29899,
1025,
29892,
1999,
898,
13585,
15903,
29915,
29879,
9281,
2060,
338,
349,
3905,
567,
3525,
472,
20540,
19180,
297,
7413,
17236,
294,
29889,
450,
17820,
371,
559,
1510,
756,
281,
20937,
12990,
819,
778,
29889,
315,
6235,
471,
1584,
4257,
491,
7413,
17236,
294,
15511,
368,
304,
367,
697,
310,
278,
2246,
29871,
29896,
29941,
2189,
414,
304,
6505,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
29889,
450,
29907,
6146,
1182,
537,
26270,
1725,
29889,
510,
750,
278,
8825,
304,
7726,
411,
315,
6235,
1048,
349,
3905,
567,
3525,
313,
4716,
756,
1063,
10410,
1549,
28742,
29889,
29871,
29896,
303,
29897,
322,
920,
1183,
767,
1179,
304,
1207,
902,
13718,
664,
15020,
278,
5418,
29889,
13,
1576,
29907,
6146,
1182,
537,
26270,
1725,
29889,
510,
29901,
1724,
508,
2305,
2149,
472,
349,
3905,
567,
3525,
29973,
13,
29907,
6235,
24518,
29901,
1932,
2305,
8293,
278,
1840,
1236,
8961,
3525,
896,
6336,
1348,
310,
372,
408,
263,
12844,
24683,
29892,
867,
326,
29891,
29899,
1853,
25005,
29889,
1205,
445,
1510,
338,
278,
11564,
310,
393,
29889,
739,
29915,
29879,
263,
9636,
5360,
5828,
29889,
17296,
366,
723,
2149,
472,
263,
17236,
294,
1510,
338,
297,
349,
3905,
567,
3525,
1316,
408,
25079,
802,
868,
1105,
280,
309,
29899,
4561,
22684,
358,
29892,
26228,
29892,
23623,
29892,
322,
6025,
3277,
29889,
13,
2744,
1228,
2655,
1776,
414,
2113,
29915,
29873,
2149,
338,
278,
2931,
306,
1708,
29892,
1952,
3938,
1022,
29892,
1058,
338,
528,
29891,
322,
5335,
333,
29892,
607,
338,
278,
2684,
11564,
310,
592,
29889,
319,
3287,
310,
2305,
3282,
29915,
29873,
1348,
306,
1033,
8206,
372,
1283,
29889,
512,
2114,
29892,
1156,
1269,
1510,
306,
437,
263,
5870,
322,
1395,
300,
411,
278,
20026,
322,
777,
2869,
2714,
306,
2289,
471,
528,
29891,
763,
590,
2931,
29889,
1105,
372,
29915,
29879,
7575,
304,
1073,
393,
306,
1258,
590,
4180,
577,
1532,
393,
2305,
2289,
2714,
306,
508,
367,
5335,
333,
29889,
13,
29911,
4174,
29901,
1938,
366,
22345,
1809,
29892,
17948,
29892,
470,
437,
738,
1274,
13716,
1446,
373,
278,
1510,
29973,
13,
5454,
29901,
306,
871,
17948,
373,
278,
1510,
29889,
1932,
306,
937,
2355,
278,
1246,
304,
437,
278,
17236,
294,
1510,
29892,
306,
750,
3595,
4168,
368,
4104,
2285,
7536,
304,
5622,
902,
2058,
373,
349,
3905,
567,
3525,
322,
1183,
471,
23623,
322,
6025,
3277,
29889,
1105,
306,
1497,
29892,
376,
3644,
306,
626,
6421,
599,
278,
982,
515,
1570,
3088,
304,
7413,
17236,
294,
363,
278,
1510,
306,
864,
304,
17948,
1213,
450,
2769,
2020,
306,
1497,
445,
338,
1363,
306,
505,
1063,
6025,
3277,
590,
3353,
4152,
2834,
29889,
349,
3905,
567,
3525,
4846,
592,
278,
15130,
304,
1510,
1283,
590,
19911,
29889,
1670,
526,
451,
2086,
1784,
3064,
393,
366,
1369,
1554,
297,
596,
2278,
6614,
393,
366,
2869,
679,
263,
8825,
304,
1510,
1283,
2678,
373,
297,
2834,
29889,
306,
1795,
7780,
557,
372,
263,
2586,
322,
11039,
403,
23623,
297,
590,
4180,
29889,
1205,
363,
1492,
1286,
306,
29915,
29885,
451,
2086,
964,
372,
29889,
306,
508,
4808,
263,
260,
1540,
29892,
541,
306,
29915,
29885,
451,
25561,
2599,
393,
925,
3447,
29889,
306,
626,
451,
373,
278,
3233,
310,
278,
24242,
591,
505,
373,
278,
1510,
29889,
1105,
306,
29915,
645,
5967,
278,
23623,
304,
963,
29889,
313,
29931,
6334,
29879,
29897,
13,
29911,
4174,
29901,
4001,
445,
338,
263,
6866,
793,
802,
1510,
727,
338,
302,
566,
537,
9701,
29892,
1492,
29973,
13,
5454,
29901,
6379,
30098,
26026,
306,
9273,
29915,
29873,
2367,
372,
3448,
29892,
541,
297,
278,
1510,
590,
2931,
4947,
777,
1371,
373,
920,
304,
367,
901,
25561,
411,
902,
3573,
29889,
1105,
727,
338,
302,
566,
537,
9701,
29889,
306,
2113,
29915,
29873,
2649,
366,
825,
5633,
526,
4318,
29892,
541,
372,
5930,
11584,
393,
278,
20026,
1838,
29915,
29873,
2149,
372,
29889,
13,
29911,
4174,
29901,
399,
406,
366,
23547,
681,
2645,
596,
9512,
1363,
310,
2534,
304,
16079,
596,
3573,
297,
4565,
310,
385,
20026,
29973,
13,
5454,
29901,
306,
679,
4433,
393,
599,
278,
931,
322,
825,
2305,
1016,
29915,
29873,
16289,
338,
393,
366,
437,
577,
1784,
337,
354,
1503,
1338,
1434,
366,
2869,
7124,
278,
7408,
29889,
2860,
4120,
18499,
975,
322,
975,
1449,
746,
366,
7146,
2189,
373,
7408,
372,
5304,
1283,
5613,
29889,
3115,
29892,
746,
373,
7408,
825,
278,
20026,
1838,
29915,
29873,
1073,
338,
393,
366,
508,
29915,
29873,
1074,
963,
1363,
310,
278,
7408,
26068,
393,
7124,
366,
297,
278,
3700,
29889,
739,
29915,
29879,
263,
8938,
393,
7408,
2189,
414,
437,
29889,
1105,
393,
6911,
592,
263,
3287,
746,
306,
29915,
29885,
2599,
590,
2655,
373,
7408,
29889,
13,
29911,
4174,
29901,
1317,
349,
3905,
567,
3525,
1554,
871,
1757,
674,
13389,
470,
1033,
896,
6963,
1009,
281,
3145,
470,
7826,
7932,
1975,
411,
963,
29973,
13,
5454,
29901,
739,
338,
363,
599,
12990,
819,
778,
29889,
2803,
592,
2649,
366,
29892,
306,
505,
263,
2289,
4802,
12944,
13524,
2967,
29889,
1105
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.24461 | -1.587845 | -0.89739 | -0.895785 |
I mostly see more women than men in the audience. And they come in packs because of girls' night out or celebrating a bachelorette party. Back then I used to have more of a male fan base during my swimsuit modeling days. But now that I do television more women are my fans and so they come to see my show. And I am grateful for that.
Also, women love musicals and love stories, sometimes they bring their husbands with them. After watching Peepshow people always say to me that it was more than what they expected. It is so much more than a musical. It has a lot of energy and is fast-paced. You are entertained the whole time watching it. One guy from Germany watched Peepshow every single day for the whole week he was in Vegas. He found the show to be that interesting. Some have watched the show more than once because there is so much going on that you miss a lot the first time you see it.
TCC: Would you want to do burlesque shows permanently?
CA: This has been a great experience. When you're on stage, you really feed off the audiences' energy. There is nothing like it. After Peepshow I really don't know what my next project will be. But I would like to keep on doing theater. I think I could do that forever.
TCC: How does it feel being a 1,000 miles away from your husband, Ice-T, while doing the show in Las Vegas?
CA: We do a lot of Skyping. That's like our NO. 1 thing. When I'm not in New York visiting him, he's out here on the weekends to see me. But now that the season for Law & Order has recently ended, Ice will spend the whole summertime with me. He really likes Peepshow. He said to me, "This show fits you perfectly." It feels nice getting approval from your man. I want him to be proud.
TCC: Would you like to dispel rumors that you and Ice-T are on the brink of divorce because of an alleged affair you had with rapper AP.9?
CA: The internet is complete rubbish. We never like to read anything off the internet. We hear rumors but we don't feed into it. Our relationship is very strong. We have been together for 12 years and will continue to be for many years. Simple as that.
TCC: Will there be a fourth season of Ice Loves Coco?
CA: Right now the show is on a break. We just finished season three. Ice has finished Law & Order and I'm doing Peepshow so we are going to figure it from there. It's a lot of work doing three shows at once. You never really know.
TCC: Now in regards to your clothing line Licious that's dedicated to curvy women. Why do you think the general public equates curves with being fat?
CA: I believe every woman's body is beautiful in its own way. I have never understood that just because a woman has thick thighs she is considered fat. For so long I've been around in the modeling world and have tried to break that barrier. But I think now it's turning around. In my opinion, I believe there are more curvy girls out there than skinny girls. To have curves means you are healthier. But when you are super skinny you are not eating correctly probably because you are not eating at all, I mean, let's be honest here.
The reason why I started the clothing line Licious is because I had trouble finding clothes for my body type. I figured if I'm having trouble finding clothes for me being curvy I know girls with my body type are probably facing the same issue. And so with the help of my designer, I came up with the idea of creating my own clothing line. They are clothes that I like to wear and people like the style. It's a hobby. I really don't consider myself to be a designer. But I feel full-figured women deserve to wear clothes that show off their curves in a flattering way. When you have clothes that fit your body type you feel more confident and comfortable with yourself.
Follow Coco Austin on Twitter @Cocosworld.
And for more info on PeepShow and how to purchase tickets, please go to her website at CocosWorld.com or www.lasvegaspeepshow.com
Photo courtesy of John Ganun
Link: http://thecelebritycafe.com/ | [
306,
11149,
1074,
901,
5866,
1135,
1757,
297,
278,
20026,
29889,
1126,
896,
2041,
297,
4870,
29879,
1363,
310,
14000,
29915,
4646,
714,
470,
10894,
1218,
263,
289,
496,
12779,
2353,
6263,
29889,
7437,
769,
306,
1304,
304,
505,
901,
310,
263,
14263,
13524,
2967,
2645,
590,
2381,
326,
29658,
1904,
292,
3841,
29889,
1205,
1286,
393,
306,
437,
11456,
901,
5866,
526,
590,
24909,
322,
577,
896,
2041,
304,
1074,
590,
1510,
29889,
1126,
306,
626,
28656,
363,
393,
29889,
13,
17351,
29892,
5866,
5360,
9636,
29879,
322,
5360,
15874,
29892,
6041,
896,
6963,
1009,
8646,
29890,
4167,
411,
963,
29889,
2860,
21217,
349,
3905,
567,
3525,
2305,
2337,
1827,
304,
592,
393,
372,
471,
901,
1135,
825,
896,
3806,
29889,
739,
338,
577,
1568,
901,
1135,
263,
9636,
29889,
739,
756,
263,
3287,
310,
5864,
322,
338,
5172,
29899,
29886,
562,
287,
29889,
887,
526,
875,
814,
7114,
278,
3353,
931,
21217,
372,
29889,
3118,
1410,
29891,
515,
9556,
20654,
349,
3905,
567,
3525,
1432,
2323,
2462,
363,
278,
3353,
4723,
540,
471,
297,
17236,
294,
29889,
940,
1476,
278,
1510,
304,
367,
393,
8031,
29889,
3834,
505,
20654,
278,
1510,
901,
1135,
2748,
1363,
727,
338,
577,
1568,
2675,
373,
393,
366,
3052,
263,
3287,
278,
937,
931,
366,
1074,
372,
29889,
13,
29911,
4174,
29901,
10878,
366,
864,
304,
437,
6866,
793,
802,
3697,
9410,
2705,
29973,
13,
5454,
29901,
910,
756,
1063,
263,
2107,
7271,
29889,
1932,
366,
29915,
276,
373,
7408,
29892,
366,
2289,
8343,
1283,
278,
12990,
819,
778,
29915,
5864,
29889,
1670,
338,
3078,
763,
372,
29889,
2860,
349,
3905,
567,
3525,
306,
2289,
1016,
29915,
29873,
1073,
825,
590,
2446,
2060,
674,
367,
29889,
1205,
306,
723,
763,
304,
3013,
373,
2599,
278,
1008,
29889,
306,
1348,
306,
1033,
437,
393,
22296,
29889,
13,
29911,
4174,
29901,
1128,
947,
372,
4459,
1641,
263,
29871,
29896,
29892,
29900,
29900,
29900,
7800,
3448,
515,
596,
10216,
29892,
26998,
29899,
29911,
29892,
1550,
2599,
278,
1510,
297,
7413,
17236,
294,
29973,
13,
5454,
29901,
1334,
437,
263,
3287,
310,
4971,
1478,
292,
29889,
2193,
29915,
29879,
763,
1749,
11698,
29889,
29871,
29896,
2655,
29889,
1932,
306,
29915,
29885,
451,
297,
1570,
3088,
6493,
292,
1075,
29892,
540,
29915,
29879,
714,
1244,
373,
278,
4723,
1975,
304,
1074,
592,
29889,
1205,
1286,
393,
278,
4259,
363,
7927,
669,
8170,
756,
10325,
9698,
29892,
26998,
674,
18864,
278,
3353,
22792,
814,
603,
411,
592,
29889,
940,
2289,
4188,
267,
349,
3905,
567,
3525,
29889,
940,
1497,
304,
592,
29892,
376,
4013,
1510,
23994,
366,
7970,
1213,
739,
23880,
7575,
2805,
2134,
791,
515,
596,
767,
29889,
306,
864,
1075,
304,
367,
22314,
29889,
13,
29911,
4174,
29901,
10878,
366,
763,
304,
12272,
295,
16558,
943,
393,
366,
322,
26998,
29899,
29911,
526,
373,
278,
1506,
682,
310,
25074,
346,
1363,
310,
385,
16831,
287,
26195,
366,
750,
411,
1153,
2496,
12279,
29889,
29929,
29973,
13,
5454,
29901,
450,
8986,
338,
4866,
14051,
29890,
728,
29889,
1334,
2360,
763,
304,
1303,
3099,
1283,
278,
8986,
29889,
1334,
8293,
16558,
943,
541,
591,
1016,
29915,
29873,
8343,
964,
372,
29889,
8680,
9443,
338,
1407,
4549,
29889,
1334,
505,
1063,
4208,
363,
29871,
29896,
29906,
2440,
322,
674,
6773,
304,
367,
363,
1784,
2440,
29889,
12545,
408,
393,
29889,
13,
29911,
4174,
29901,
2811,
727,
367,
263,
11582,
4259,
310,
26998,
23974,
267,
315,
6235,
29973,
13,
5454,
29901,
10428,
1286,
278,
1510,
338,
373,
263,
2867,
29889,
1334,
925,
7743,
4259,
2211,
29889,
26998,
756,
7743,
7927,
669,
8170,
322,
306,
29915,
29885,
2599,
349,
3905,
567,
3525,
577,
591,
526,
2675,
304,
4377,
372,
515,
727,
29889,
739,
29915,
29879,
263,
3287,
310,
664,
2599,
2211,
3697,
472,
2748,
29889,
887,
2360,
2289,
1073,
29889,
13,
29911,
4174,
29901,
2567,
297,
21778,
304,
596,
1067,
6046,
1196,
365,
14803,
393,
29915,
29879,
16955,
304,
3151,
13308,
5866,
29889,
3750,
437,
366,
1348,
278,
2498,
970,
1592,
1078,
19684,
411,
1641,
9950,
29973,
13,
5454,
29901,
306,
4658,
1432,
6114,
29915,
29879,
3573,
338,
9560,
297,
967,
1914,
982,
29889,
306,
505,
2360,
11098,
393,
925,
1363,
263,
6114,
756,
12003,
266,
1141,
29879,
1183,
338,
5545,
9950,
29889,
1152,
577,
1472,
306,
29915,
345,
1063,
2820,
297,
278,
1904,
292,
3186,
322,
505,
1898,
304,
2867,
393,
2594,
4336,
29889,
1205,
306,
1348,
1286,
372,
29915,
29879,
14712,
2820,
29889,
512,
590,
9426,
29892,
306,
4658,
727,
526,
901,
3151,
13308,
14000,
714,
727,
1135,
19309,
1460,
14000,
29889,
1763,
505,
19684,
2794,
366,
526,
9045,
631,
29889,
1205,
746,
366,
526,
2428,
19309,
1460,
366,
526,
451,
321,
1218,
5149,
3117,
1363,
366,
526,
451,
321,
1218,
472,
599,
29892,
306,
2099,
29892,
1235,
29915,
29879,
367,
15993,
1244,
29889,
13,
1576,
2769,
2020,
306,
4687,
278,
1067,
6046,
1196,
365,
14803,
338,
1363,
306,
750,
7458,
9138,
22095,
363,
590,
3573,
1134,
29889,
306,
14788,
565,
306,
29915,
29885,
2534,
7458,
9138,
22095,
363,
592,
1641,
3151,
13308,
306,
1073,
14000,
411,
590,
3573,
1134,
526,
3117,
14870,
278,
1021,
2228,
29889,
1126,
577,
411,
278,
1371,
310,
590,
23383,
29892,
306,
2996,
701,
411,
278,
2969,
310,
4969,
590,
1914,
1067,
6046,
1196,
29889,
2688,
526,
22095,
393,
306,
763,
304,
19531,
322,
2305,
763,
278,
3114,
29889,
739,
29915,
29879,
263,
298,
711,
1609,
29889,
306,
2289,
1016,
29915,
29873,
2050,
6142,
304,
367,
263,
23383,
29889,
1205,
306,
4459,
2989,
29899,
1003,
2955,
5866,
553,
7143,
304,
19531,
22095,
393,
1510,
1283,
1009,
19684,
297,
263,
1652,
2620,
292,
982,
29889,
1932,
366,
505,
22095,
393,
6216,
596,
3573,
1134,
366,
4459,
901,
24332,
322,
25561,
411,
7535,
29889,
13,
29943,
2952,
315,
6235,
24518,
373,
20147,
732,
29907,
542,
359,
11526,
29889,
13,
2855,
363,
901,
5235,
373,
3938,
1022,
8964,
322,
920,
304,
20590,
16892,
1691,
29892,
3113,
748,
304,
902,
4700,
472,
315,
542,
359,
14058,
29889,
510,
470,
7821,
29889,
3333,
345,
25496,
412,
8961,
3525,
29889,
510,
13,
25971,
2085,
2167,
29891,
310,
2259,
28245,
348,
13,
6595,
29901,
1732,
597,
1552,
346,
280,
1182,
537,
1113,
1725,
29889,
510,
29914
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.235779 | -1.533338 | -0.947601 | -0.917288 |
Un apanage est une concession de fief, pris sur un domaine seigneurial, faite par un seigneur ou un souverain régnant, à ses enfants, principalement aux fils et filles puînés exclus de sa succession. Le mot apanage vient du latin médiéval apanagium, lui-même formé des mots ad panem qui signifie « pour donner du pain » (panis).
Le système de l'apanage a joué un rôle particulièrement important en France. Il s'y est notamment développé avec l'extension de l'autorité royale à partir du , puis a disparu à partir de la fin du Moyen Âge avec l'affirmation de l'autorité exclusive de l'État royal. Il influence fortement la construction territoriale, expliquant le blason de plusieurs provinces. L'apanage de Bourgogne est aussi à l'origine des États belge, luxembourgeois et néerlandais, par l'action de ses ducs favorisée par leur position à la cour des rois de France.
Le concept d'apanage
Les origines
Un apanage est une concession de fief par le souverain à ses enfants. Tandis que le fils aîné devient roi à la mort de son père, les autres peuvent conserver ses terres selon des conditions particulières. Les apanages ont été considérés comme la part d'héritage transmise aux plus jeunes fils ainsi qu'à certaines filles. Le système d'apanage a été utilisé pour éviter les révoltes des fils cadets, qui se trouvaient sans héritage, tout en évitant un affaiblissement du royaume.
En effet, selon la coutume franque, l'héritage se faisait par partage entre les fils survivants. Le royaume étant considéré comme domaine familial, plusieurs partages ont donc eu lieu sous les Mérovingiens (le premier dès la mort de Clovis en 511), et plus tard sous le règne des Carolingiens au cours duquel le traité de Verdun de 843 a donné naissance à des territoires indépendants.
Les conséquences de cette méthode (démembrement du royaume, guerres civiles, luttes entre héritiers...) ont conduit à l'adoption du système de l'apanage, qui a l'avantage de détourner les fils puînés de prétentions sur la couronne, laquelle revient à l'aîné. De plus, à terme, le système apanagiste garantit l'unité du domaine royal. Le premier roi à créer un apanage est Henri Ier de France qui donne en 1032 la Bourgogne à son frère Robert , dont la descendance conserve le duché jusqu'en 1361 avec l'extinction de la première maison capétienne de Bourgogne par la mort de Philippe de Rouvres. Louis VIII et Louis IX créent aussi des apanages. Le roi qui a le plus recours à la création de puissants apanages pour ses fils est Jean II le Bon dont le plus jeune fils, Philippe II de Bourgogne dit Philippe le Hardi, fonde ainsi la maison des Valois de Bourgogne en 1363.
Aux : un mode de gouvernement
Le succès du système des apanages dans les derniers siècles du Moyen Âge tient aussi au fait qu'ils constituent un moyen de faciliter le gouvernement du royaume. L'octroi en apanage d'un fief récemment soumis permet une intégration progressive au domaine royal : pendant le temps que règne la nouvelle dynastie princière, le territoire conserve une certaine autonomie, mais son retour à la couronne est garanti par les clauses de réversion en cas d'extinction de la lignée.
Autre avantage : l'administration des terres concédées est à la charge de l'apanagiste et la couronne est déchargée des frais de cette gestion. Pour autant, les princes apanagés ont tout intérêt à bien gérer leurs domaines et développent souvent un système de gouvernement efficace au sein de leur principauté. Des régions entières du royaume sont ainsi dotées d'institutions efficaces sans investissement de la couronne. Lors des réunions au domaine, ces institutions sont souvent conservées.
Les ducs de | [
853,
3095,
273,
482,
707,
1597,
378,
985,
291,
316,
285,
2575,
29892,
19445,
1190,
443,
2432,
9874,
409,
22849,
616,
29892,
2258,
568,
610,
443,
409,
22849,
2123,
443,
3669,
369,
475,
1841,
5138,
424,
29892,
818,
3999,
21038,
29892,
3420,
6311,
3479,
14560,
634,
5445,
267,
2653,
28065,
743,
13489,
316,
872,
25997,
29889,
951,
3184,
3095,
273,
482,
325,
993,
868,
25677,
10283,
29875,
29948,
791,
3095,
273,
351,
1974,
29892,
3911,
29899,
18202,
883,
29948,
553,
286,
1862,
594,
7243,
331,
1750,
1804,
28821,
859,
1671,
27516,
868,
6788,
2047,
313,
8357,
275,
467,
13,
13,
3226,
21423,
316,
301,
29915,
21419,
482,
263,
8121,
29948,
443,
17889,
16530,
20564,
4100,
427,
3444,
29889,
1720,
269,
29915,
29891,
707,
13214,
16797,
29948,
2535,
301,
29915,
17588,
316,
301,
29915,
11074,
25441,
818,
8019,
868,
1919,
7847,
263,
17508,
29884,
818,
8019,
316,
425,
1436,
868,
4546,
11771,
29871,
30212,
479,
2535,
301,
29915,
3470,
3568,
362,
316,
301,
29915,
11074,
29192,
316,
301,
29915,
16061,
15150,
29889,
1720,
9949,
5162,
882,
425,
7632,
5884,
4108,
280,
29892,
1518,
492,
12150,
454,
1999,
1658,
316,
10741,
28058,
29889,
365,
29915,
21419,
482,
316,
12340,
29887,
25666,
707,
5695,
818,
301,
29915,
17234,
553,
12503,
1339,
479,
29892,
21684,
1590,
473,
479,
11505,
634,
5273,
261,
1049,
1759,
29892,
610,
301,
29915,
2467,
316,
3999,
868,
2395,
7853,
15826,
610,
6267,
2602,
818,
425,
2085,
553,
696,
275,
316,
3444,
29889,
13,
13,
3226,
6964,
270,
29915,
21419,
482,
13,
13,
24560,
1677,
1475,
29871,
13,
2525,
3095,
273,
482,
707,
1597,
378,
985,
291,
316,
285,
2575,
610,
454,
3669,
369,
475,
818,
3999,
21038,
29889,
323,
23922,
712,
454,
14560,
263,
30058,
5483,
15210,
14100,
818,
425,
5758,
316,
1487,
15732,
29892,
966,
10890,
20423,
378,
2974,
3999,
1935,
690,
14864,
553,
5855,
1936,
14549,
5908,
29889,
2664,
3095,
273,
1179,
4625,
4370,
16133,
1064,
743,
4191,
425,
760,
270,
29915,
19880,
768,
482,
18750,
895,
3479,
2298,
29026,
14560,
8288,
439,
29915,
30001,
3058,
267,
5445,
267,
29889,
951,
21423,
270,
29915,
21419,
482,
263,
4370,
28643,
1671,
10019,
1524,
966,
1841,
1555,
2167,
553,
14560,
13840,
1691,
29892,
1750,
409,
12111,
1564,
993,
7209,
22500,
768,
482,
29892,
5646,
427,
10019,
277,
424,
443,
2756,
29874,
747,
29880,
11537,
868,
696,
20030,
29889,
13,
13,
2369,
20744,
29892,
14864,
425,
11196,
2017,
2524,
802,
29892,
301,
29915,
19880,
768,
482,
409,
16623,
1249,
610,
760,
482,
2637,
966,
14560,
10503,
440,
1934,
29889,
951,
696,
20030,
19154,
16133,
16555,
4191,
2432,
9874,
1832,
616,
29892,
10741,
760,
1179,
4625,
12866,
11878,
13003,
5898,
966,
10275,
307,
1747,
11689,
313,
280,
7017,
21975,
425,
5758,
316,
27397,
1730,
427,
29871,
29945,
29896,
29896,
511,
634,
2298,
11364,
5898,
454,
27264,
484,
553,
8562,
292,
11689,
782,
9587,
868,
13295,
454,
1020,
2131,
316,
19236,
348,
316,
29871,
29947,
29946,
29941,
263,
27282,
1055,
9948,
818,
553,
5884,
22297,
1399,
6430,
355,
1934,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
24560,
1136,
21871,
2063,
316,
5278,
8774,
386,
356,
313,
29881,
2249,
2006,
358,
868,
696,
20030,
29892,
6109,
690,
7631,
267,
29892,
15481,
2167,
2637,
22500,
768,
4285,
11410,
4625,
13417,
277,
818,
301,
29915,
912,
683,
868,
21423,
316,
301,
29915,
21419,
482,
29892,
1750,
263,
301,
29915,
485,
8501,
316,
20854,
473,
1089,
966,
14560,
2653,
28065,
743,
316,
544,
1893,
296,
1080,
1190,
425,
2085,
7293,
29892,
22025,
6664,
993,
818,
301,
29915,
29874,
30058,
5483,
29889,
897,
2298,
29892,
818,
20689,
29892,
454,
21423,
3095,
273,
351,
2488,
27510,
277,
301,
29915,
348,
2131,
868,
2432,
9874,
15150,
29889,
951,
7017,
14100,
818,
9484,
261,
443,
3095,
273,
482,
707,
11931,
26107,
316,
3444,
1750,
18332,
427,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29941,
29906,
425,
12340,
29887,
25666,
818,
1487,
26083,
4755,
1919,
4555,
425,
17086,
749,
378,
16349,
454,
868,
11555,
9291,
29915,
264,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29953,
29896,
2535,
301,
29915,
1062,
16807,
316,
425,
8861,
18234,
2117,
1893,
7081,
316,
12340,
29887,
25666,
610,
425,
5758,
316,
18442,
316,
390,
5128,
690,
29889,
5899,
15682,
634,
5899,
16841,
9484,
296,
5695,
553,
3095,
273,
1179,
29889,
951,
14100,
1750,
263,
454,
2298,
1162,
2470,
818,
425,
25243,
316,
2653,
790,
1934,
3095,
273,
1179,
1671,
3999,
14560,
707,
4581,
1944,
454,
8396,
4555,
454,
2298,
17222,
14560,
29892,
18442,
1944,
316,
12340,
29887,
25666,
6309,
18442,
454,
10999,
29875,
29892,
10866,
311,
8288,
425,
18234,
553,
2630,
11505,
316,
12340,
29887,
25666,
427,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29953,
29941,
29889,
13,
13,
29909,
1314,
29871,
584,
443,
4464,
316,
17284,
29871,
13,
3226,
24113,
868,
21423,
553,
3095,
273,
1179,
1465,
966,
15159,
414,
6476,
7799,
868,
4546,
11771,
29871,
30212,
479,
260,
993,
5695,
782,
5246,
439,
29915,
2719,
10719,
296,
443,
2730,
11771,
316,
16089,
1524,
454,
17284,
868,
696,
20030,
29889,
365,
29915,
20082,
307,
29875,
427,
3095,
273,
482,
270,
29915,
348,
285,
2575,
1841,
19335,
358,
3669,
26737,
14924,
1597,
938,
27083,
362,
6728,
573,
782,
2432,
9874,
15150,
584,
13180,
454,
8714,
712,
27264,
484,
425,
15217,
22337,
347,
2623,
1908,
29892,
454,
22922,
378,
16349,
1597,
2284,
9874,
1120,
25751,
29892,
3503,
1487,
18948,
818,
425,
2085,
7293,
707,
7171,
3656,
610,
966,
3711,
6394,
316,
1841,
3259,
427,
3209,
270,
29915,
1062,
16807,
316,
425,
301,
647,
1318,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
6147,
276,
1029,
8501,
584,
301,
29915,
6406,
8306,
553,
1935,
690,
3022,
2487,
2406,
707,
818,
425,
8323,
316,
301,
29915,
21419,
351,
2488,
634,
425,
2085,
7293,
707,
1437,
25389,
1318,
553,
5227,
275,
316,
5278,
26805,
29889,
6803,
1120,
424,
29892,
966,
23251,
3095,
273,
351,
743,
4625,
5646,
26842,
11992,
818,
6079,
330,
29539,
10713,
5354,
267,
634,
16797,
296,
18484,
443,
21423,
316,
17284,
6366,
815,
782,
2757,
316,
6267,
3420,
18560,
29889,
2726,
6367,
1080,
875,
29038,
868,
696,
20030,
3435,
8288,
8329,
2406,
270,
29915,
2611,
5008,
29879,
6366,
3302,
7209,
13258,
11537,
316,
425,
2085,
7293,
29889,
19551,
553,
1841,
348,
1080,
782,
2432,
9874,
29892,
7015,
21561,
3435,
18484,
8976,
2406,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
24560,
868,
2395,
316
] | 1,024 | Wikipedia | 0.580846 | 0.823439 | -0.126753 | 0.025045 |
Bourbon ont été ainsi de solides soutiens de l'autorité royale. Ils se sont mis pendant des siècles au service de la politique royale et constituent par donations royales et alliances personnelles une importante principauté. C'est la rupture de cette alliance par François qui pousse Charles III de Bourbon à la trahison et provoque la mise sous séquestre en 1527 du dernier grand apanage, qui est intégré au domaine royal sans exprimer dans les années qui suivent ce rattachement une quelconque velléité de rébellion.
Ce mode de gouvernement a cependant un inconvénient : les apanagistes peuvent avoir tendance à se comporter comme des princes souverains et à tenter de s'affranchir de l'autorité royale. C'est le cas des ducs de Bourgogne et d'Anjou qui mènent leur propre politique à un niveau européen. C'est pourquoi certains rois, notamment Louis XI, neutralisent les lignées les plus puissantes de princes apanagistes :
les Orléans en 1476 en obligeant Louis d'Orléans, futur Louis XII, à épouser la fille du roi Louis XI, Jeanne, difforme, boiteuse et réputée stérile,
les Bourgogne en 1477 en refusant la successibilité de Marie de Bourgogne,
les Anjou en 1480 en favorisant le fragile Charles du Maine au détriment de René II de Lorraine.
Les apanages à l'époque moderne
L'époque moderne est marquée par l'extinction de nombreux apanages. La plupart disparaissent à la fin du avec la disparition de la plupart des lignées entre 1477 et 1527. Par ailleurs, plusieurs apanages sont résorbés par l'accession de leurs titulaires à la couronne :
le duché d'Orléans et le comté de Blois en 1498, avec Louis XII
le comté d'Angoulême et le duché de Valois en 1515 avec François
le duché de Vendôme en 1589 avec Henri IV
Depuis Charles V, par ailleurs, l'octroi de titres aux fils de France ne correspond plus forcément à un apanage effectif. Ainsi, le duc d'Anjou, petit-fils de Louis XIV, n'a jamais possédé l'Anjou et n'a jamais reçu un quelconque revenu de cette province. Le roi attend alors que le prince atteigne l'âge adulte avant de procéder pour lui à une véritable constitution d'apanage. Par ailleurs, le prince n'a pas d'autorité réelle sur le fief donné en apanage. Les officiers qui y prélèvent l'impôt et rendent la justice sont des officiers royaux et non des employés du prince apanagé.
Dans ces conditions, seulement sept apanages ont été constitués de 1515 à 1789 pour des cadets de la maison royale. En revanche, le système est régulièrement employé pour fournir des revenus à des femmes de la famille royale : épouses, mères ou filles de roi qui n'ont pas le statut de reine. Louis XII constitue ainsi le duché de Berry en apanage pour sa première femme, Jeanne de France, lorsqu'il la répudie en 1498. Il servira régulièrement de douaire ou d'apanage pour des reines ou des filles de France. De même, François donne à sa mère le duché d'Angoulême en montant sur le trône en 1515, puis le duché de Touraine en 1525. Il s'agit ici d'assurer à celle qui n'est que la douairière d'Angoulême, et pas la reine-mère, des revenus dignes d'une mère de roi. Ce même duché de Touraine est ensuite constitué en apanage pour la seconde épouse du roi, Éléonore de Habsbourg, au titre de son douaire, à la mort du roi en 1547.
Dès le début de la Révolution, l'Assemblée nationale introdu | [
12340,
6718,
4625,
4370,
8288,
316,
899,
2247,
13267,
11689,
316,
301,
29915,
11074,
25441,
29889,
16932,
409,
3435,
3984,
13180,
553,
6476,
7799,
782,
2669,
316,
425,
11398,
25441,
634,
10719,
296,
610,
1016,
800,
20258,
2122,
634,
394,
492,
2925,
15001,
4999,
1597,
13483,
3420,
18560,
29889,
315,
29915,
342,
425,
5796,
415,
545,
316,
5278,
394,
13036,
610,
13645,
29871,
1750,
282,
681,
344,
5322,
4786,
316,
12340,
6718,
818,
425,
1020,
29882,
2285,
634,
1326,
29877,
802,
425,
16987,
5898,
7019,
1119,
276,
427,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29906,
29955,
868,
16825,
4595,
3095,
273,
482,
29892,
1750,
707,
938,
29948,
20792,
782,
2432,
9874,
15150,
7209,
22010,
4193,
1465,
966,
8595,
1750,
10252,
296,
2257,
364,
14930,
882,
1597,
7594,
535,
802,
325,
514,
29948,
2131,
316,
1841,
12562,
291,
29889,
13,
13,
29907,
29872,
4464,
316,
17284,
263,
26876,
443,
297,
20580,
1690,
993,
584,
966,
3095,
273,
351,
9230,
20423,
11469,
10331,
749,
818,
409,
752,
9555,
4191,
553,
23251,
3669,
369,
2708,
634,
818,
260,
5893,
316,
269,
29915,
3470,
4014,
381,
316,
301,
29915,
11074,
25441,
29889,
315,
29915,
342,
454,
3209,
553,
868,
2395,
316,
12340,
29887,
25666,
634,
270,
29915,
2744,
20551,
1750,
286,
8603,
296,
6267,
26138,
11398,
818,
443,
19666,
17611,
264,
29889,
315,
29915,
342,
1671,
339,
7768,
23563,
696,
275,
29892,
13214,
5899,
18488,
29892,
21104,
275,
296,
966,
301,
647,
2406,
966,
2298,
2653,
790,
3794,
316,
23251,
3095,
273,
351,
9230,
584,
29871,
13,
966,
1394,
12898,
550,
427,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29955,
29953,
427,
704,
27084,
424,
5899,
270,
29915,
29949,
2096,
29948,
550,
29892,
3105,
332,
5899,
17172,
29892,
818,
7930,
283,
643,
425,
18003,
868,
14100,
5899,
18488,
29892,
4581,
484,
29892,
958,
689,
29872,
29892,
1045,
568,
1509,
634,
1841,
649,
1318,
380,
4894,
280,
29892,
29871,
13,
966,
12340,
29887,
25666,
427,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29955,
29955,
427,
2143,
375,
424,
425,
2551,
13017,
2131,
316,
9932,
316,
12340,
29887,
25666,
29892,
13,
966,
530,
20551,
427,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29947,
29900,
427,
7853,
275,
424,
454,
13855,
488,
5322,
868,
26160,
782,
1437,
509,
2073,
316,
22721,
1944,
316,
10980,
12096,
29889,
13,
13,
24560,
3095,
273,
1179,
818,
301,
29915,
25165,
24635,
29871,
13,
13,
29931,
29915,
25165,
24635,
707,
26125,
1318,
610,
301,
29915,
1062,
16807,
316,
20081,
3095,
273,
1179,
29889,
997,
715,
786,
442,
17508,
29874,
19047,
818,
425,
1436,
868,
29871,
2535,
425,
17508,
654,
316,
425,
715,
786,
442,
553,
301,
647,
2406,
2637,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29955,
29955,
634,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29906,
29955,
29889,
1459,
263,
26231,
29892,
10741,
3095,
273,
1179,
3435,
6896,
11831,
743,
610,
301,
29915,
5943,
291,
316,
10713,
4329,
352,
7147,
818,
425,
2085,
7293,
584,
29871,
13,
454,
868,
11555,
270,
29915,
29949,
2096,
29948,
550,
634,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
11447,
275,
427,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29929,
29947,
29892,
2535,
5899,
17172,
13,
454,
419,
6772,
270,
29915,
9928,
5059,
5093,
634,
454,
868,
11555,
316,
2630,
11505,
427,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29896,
29945,
2535,
13645,
29871,
13,
454,
868,
11555,
316,
478,
355,
21492,
427,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29947,
29929,
2535,
11931,
6599,
13,
13,
8498,
4664,
5322,
478,
29892,
610,
263,
26231,
29892,
301,
29915,
20082,
307,
29875,
316,
4329,
690,
3479,
14560,
316,
3444,
452,
3928,
2298,
363,
29883,
15471,
818,
443,
3095,
273,
482,
2779,
361,
29889,
23719,
1039,
29892,
454,
20879,
270,
29915,
2744,
20551,
29892,
17887,
29899,
1777,
29879,
316,
5899,
17071,
29892,
302,
29915,
29874,
18413,
3119,
29654,
301,
29915,
2744,
20551,
634,
302,
29915,
29874,
18413,
337,
24359,
443,
7594,
535,
802,
20957,
29884,
316,
5278,
12291,
29889,
951,
14100,
14333,
8532,
712,
454,
15927,
21609,
4895,
301,
29915,
29282,
594,
352,
371,
10042,
316,
9580,
29948,
672,
1671,
3911,
818,
1597,
27128,
519,
16772,
270,
29915,
21419,
482,
29889,
1459,
263,
26231,
29892,
454,
15927,
302,
29915,
29874,
2331,
270,
29915,
11074,
1841,
1808,
1190,
454,
285,
2575,
27282,
427,
3095,
273,
482,
29889,
2664,
29158,
414,
1750,
343,
544,
3610,
30000,
794,
301,
29915,
6574,
9373,
634,
364,
3906,
425,
15426,
3435,
553,
29158,
414,
20258,
2993,
634,
1661,
553,
5703,
743,
868,
15927,
3095,
273,
351,
29948,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
29928,
550,
7015,
5855,
29892,
23422,
4843,
3095,
273,
1179,
4625,
4370,
10719,
743,
316,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29896,
29945,
818,
29871,
29896,
29955,
29947,
29929,
1671,
553,
13840,
1691,
316,
425,
18234,
25441,
29889,
1174,
337,
3703,
1173,
29892,
454,
21423,
707,
6367,
352,
20564,
5703,
29948,
1671,
285,
2905,
381,
553,
20957,
375,
818,
553,
19452,
316,
425,
11449,
25441,
584,
7930,
23676,
29892,
286,
5908,
2123,
5445,
267,
316,
14100,
1750,
302,
29915,
609,
2331,
454,
1002,
329,
316,
337,
457,
29889,
5899,
17172,
20016,
434,
8288,
454,
868,
11555,
316,
2292,
719,
427,
3095,
273,
482,
1671,
872,
8861,
15096,
29892,
4581,
484,
316,
3444,
29892,
7628,
339,
29915,
309,
425,
25179,
566,
347,
427,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29929,
29947,
29889,
1720,
27299,
336,
6367,
352,
20564,
316,
4662,
5218,
2123,
270,
29915,
21419,
482,
1671,
553,
337,
1475,
2123,
553,
5445,
267,
316,
3444,
29889,
897,
6701,
29892,
13645,
29871,
18332,
818,
872,
21428,
454,
868,
11555,
270,
29915,
9928,
5059,
5093,
427,
7629,
424,
1190,
454,
534,
21522,
427,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29896,
29945,
29892,
7847,
454,
868,
11555,
316,
323,
283,
12096,
427,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29906,
29945,
29889,
1720,
269,
29915,
23121,
29871,
1654,
270,
29915,
465,
9945,
818,
14344,
1750,
302,
29915,
342,
712,
425,
4662,
1794,
9318,
270,
29915,
9928,
5059,
5093,
29892,
634,
2331,
425,
337,
457,
29899,
29885,
1908,
29892,
553,
20957,
375,
18085,
267,
270,
29915,
1540,
21428,
316,
14100,
29889,
7747,
6701,
868,
11555,
316,
323,
283,
12096,
707,
18158,
10719,
29948,
427,
3095,
273,
482,
1671,
425,
26617,
7930,
1709,
868,
14100,
29892,
3067,
12898,
265,
487,
316,
379,
6897,
17247,
29892,
782,
13275,
316,
1487,
4662,
5218,
29892,
818,
425,
5758,
868,
14100,
427,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29946,
29955,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
29928,
2093,
454,
13222,
316,
425,
5027,
4068,
29892,
301,
29915,
7900,
13365,
1318,
7174,
4547
] | 1,024 | Wikipedia | 0.640621 | 0.955813 | -0.117787 | -0.498762 |
it le concept de « Liste civile » le sur le modèle de la monarchie anglaise, à laquelle a été ajoutée en 1791 une « dotation immobilière de la Couronne ». La loi du indique dans article 16 : « il ne sera concédé, à l'avenir, aucun apanage réel ; les fils puînés de France seront élevés et entretenus aux dépens de la liste civile, jusqu'à ce qu'ils se marient, ou qu'ils aient atteint l'âge de 25 ans accomplis : alors, il leur sera assigné sur le trésor royal des rentes apanagères, dont la quotité sera déterminée à chaque époque par la législature en activité ». La loi du a fixé le taux des rentes apanagères dont devaient jouir les princes de la maison régnante. Elles ont été supprimées par la loi du , après la proclamation de la Première République française.
Napoléon Bonaparte rétablit la liste civile et la dotation immobilière de la Couronne, dispositions qui sont conservées par le roi Louis XVIII. Charles X a rétabli l'apanage de la Maison d'Orléans. Le dernier des apanages, l'Orléanais, est réincorporé à la couronne de la France quand le duc d'Orléans, Louis-Philippe , devient roi des Français en 1830.
Les principales créations d'apanages
Sous les Capétiens directs
En 1032, Henri donne à son frère Robert le duché de Bourgogne.
En 1152, Louis VI le Gros concède le comté de Dreux à son fils Robert, dont la descendance directe s'éteint en 1355 ; du petit fils de Robert Pierre Mauclerc descendent les ducs de Bretagne à compter de Jean .
Philippe Auguste donne à son fils Philippe Hurepel (sans postérité) le comté de Clermont puis les comtés de Mortain et d'Aumale.
Louis VIII Le Lion accorde en 1225 :
le comté d'Artois à Robert,
le comté de Poitiers, la Saintonge et le Comté d'Auvergne à Alphonse (réunis au domaine royal à la mort de celui-ci en 1271),
le comté d'Anjou à Charles d'Anjou, fondateur de la première maison d'Anjou, dont les membres régneront sur les royaumes de Sicile et Hongrie.
Louis IX concède :
le comté de Valois à Jean-Tristan (sans postérité) et le comté d'Alençon à Pierre (sans postérité),
le comté de Clermont à Robert, qui épouse Béatrice de Bourbon: leur fils Louis échangera Clermont contre le Comté de la Marche et sera le premier duc de Bourbon.
Philippe le Hardi dote :
Charles du comté de Valois,
Louis du comté d'Évreux : son fils Philippe deviendra roi de Navarre par son mariage avec Jeanne de France.
Philippe Le Bel donne en 1314 :
le comté de Poitiers à son fils Philippe Le Long, roi en 1316,
le comté de la Marche à son fils Charles Charles Le Bel, roi en 1322.
Sous les Valois
Philippe VI crée le duché d'Orléans en 1344 pour son fils Philippe. Il lui donne également le comté de Valois.
Jean II le Bon, à son départ en Angleterre, en 1360 donne :
le duché d'Anjou et le comté du Maine à son second fils Louis,
les duchés de Berry et d'Auvergne et le comté de Poitiers à son troisième fils Jean,
le comté de Tours à Philippe le Hardi. Il rétrocède cette terre en 1363 en échange du duché de Bourgogne, octroyé en pleine possession et non sous forme d'apanage. La Touraine, érigée en duché est transportée au dauphin Charles.
en 136 | [
277,
454,
6964,
316,
859,
7637,
29338,
2047,
454,
29871,
1190,
454,
878,
15340,
316,
425,
25552,
347,
2614,
433,
895,
29892,
818,
22025,
263,
4370,
13612,
449,
1318,
427,
29871,
29896,
29955,
29929,
29896,
1597,
859,
8329,
362,
5198,
711,
2638,
1908,
316,
425,
6325,
7293,
9871,
997,
24228,
868,
29871,
1399,
1387,
1465,
4274,
29871,
29896,
29953,
584,
859,
980,
452,
16933,
3022,
29654,
29892,
818,
301,
29915,
3496,
381,
29892,
20480,
348,
3095,
273,
482,
1841,
295,
2056,
966,
14560,
2653,
28065,
743,
316,
3444,
724,
609,
904,
2608,
743,
634,
2637,
841,
375,
3479,
17631,
575,
316,
425,
13773,
29338,
29892,
9291,
29915,
30001,
2257,
439,
29915,
2719,
409,
1766,
993,
29892,
2123,
439,
29915,
2719,
263,
993,
21609,
524,
301,
29915,
29282,
316,
29871,
29906,
29945,
6063,
9768,
275,
584,
8532,
29892,
980,
6267,
16933,
3566,
29948,
1190,
454,
534,
743,
272,
15150,
553,
364,
5326,
3095,
273,
351,
5908,
29892,
4555,
425,
13911,
2131,
16933,
1437,
18821,
1318,
818,
18402,
904,
15635,
610,
425,
10918,
7497,
1535,
427,
5039,
2131,
9871,
997,
24228,
868,
29871,
263,
2329,
29948,
454,
260,
2993,
553,
364,
5326,
3095,
273,
351,
5908,
4555,
316,
1564,
993,
8121,
381,
966,
23251,
316,
425,
18234,
1841,
5138,
1647,
29889,
11001,
267,
4625,
4370,
1462,
5632,
2406,
610,
425,
24228,
868,
1919,
7907,
425,
410,
15719,
362,
316,
425,
28720,
21919,
11076,
29889,
13,
13,
29940,
481,
324,
25403,
8396,
481,
11908,
1841,
3891,
19411,
425,
13773,
29338,
634,
425,
8329,
362,
5198,
711,
2638,
1908,
316,
425,
6325,
7293,
29892,
11549,
2187,
1750,
3435,
8976,
2406,
610,
454,
14100,
5899,
14271,
29889,
5322,
1060,
263,
1841,
3891,
492,
301,
29915,
21419,
482,
316,
425,
341,
8376,
270,
29915,
29949,
2096,
29948,
550,
29889,
951,
16825,
553,
3095,
273,
1179,
29892,
301,
29915,
29949,
2096,
29948,
1648,
275,
29892,
707,
1841,
262,
2616,
1971,
29948,
818,
425,
2085,
7293,
316,
425,
3444,
18097,
454,
20879,
270,
29915,
29949,
2096,
29948,
550,
29892,
5899,
29899,
4819,
2638,
4798,
1919,
15210,
14100,
553,
1352,
6899,
427,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29941,
29900,
29889,
13,
13,
24560,
21349,
9484,
800,
270,
29915,
21419,
1179,
13,
13,
29903,
681,
966,
5915,
1893,
11689,
1513,
29879,
29871,
13,
13,
1174,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29941,
29906,
29892,
11931,
29871,
18332,
818,
1487,
26083,
4755,
29871,
454,
868,
11555,
316,
12340,
29887,
25666,
29889,
29871,
13,
1174,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29945,
29906,
29892,
5899,
5473,
454,
28006,
3022,
14785,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
19155,
1314,
818,
1487,
14560,
4755,
29892,
4555,
425,
17086,
749,
1513,
29872,
269,
29915,
29948,
371,
524,
427,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29945,
29945,
2056,
868,
17887,
14560,
316,
4755,
9181,
22209,
695,
6269,
5153,
3906,
966,
868,
2395,
316,
23132,
5889,
818,
752,
357,
316,
4581,
869,
13,
4819,
2638,
4798,
3111,
29872,
18332,
818,
1487,
14560,
18442,
379,
545,
13111,
313,
29879,
550,
1400,
29948,
768,
29948,
29897,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
2233,
837,
609,
7847,
966,
419,
29873,
743,
316,
15533,
475,
634,
270,
29915,
29909,
398,
744,
29889,
13,
5899,
15682,
951,
21934,
1035,
24568,
427,
29871,
29896,
29906,
29906,
29945,
584,
29871,
13,
454,
419,
6772,
270,
29915,
1433,
517,
275,
818,
4755,
29892,
29871,
13,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
3929,
277,
4285,
29892,
425,
14342,
880,
479,
634,
454,
422,
6772,
270,
29915,
29909,
29884,
369,
29887,
484,
818,
838,
17607,
344,
313,
5606,
348,
275,
782,
2432,
9874,
15150,
818,
425,
5758,
316,
13704,
29899,
455,
427,
29871,
29896,
29906,
29955,
29896,
511,
13,
454,
419,
6772,
270,
29915,
2744,
20551,
818,
5322,
270,
29915,
2744,
20551,
29892,
6299,
7289,
316,
425,
8861,
18234,
270,
29915,
2744,
20551,
29892,
4555,
966,
18490,
6367,
1089,
609,
1190,
966,
696,
3761,
9351,
316,
18349,
488,
634,
12798,
2546,
29889,
13,
5899,
16841,
3022,
14785,
584,
13,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
2630,
11505,
818,
4581,
29899,
29911,
2021,
273,
313,
29879,
550,
1400,
29948,
768,
29948,
29897,
634,
454,
419,
6772,
270,
29915,
29909,
2435,
15529,
818,
9181,
313,
29879,
550,
1400,
29948,
768,
29948,
511,
13,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
2233,
837,
609,
818,
4755,
29892,
1750,
7930,
1709,
21303,
17417,
316,
12340,
6718,
29901,
6267,
14560,
5899,
21206,
574,
1572,
2233,
837,
609,
8474,
454,
422,
6772,
316,
425,
1085,
1173,
634,
16933,
454,
7017,
20879,
316,
12340,
6718,
29889,
13,
18442,
454,
10999,
29875,
270,
866,
584,
13,
5322,
868,
419,
6772,
316,
2630,
11505,
29892,
29871,
13,
5899,
868,
419,
6772,
270,
29915,
30062,
12675,
1314,
584,
1487,
14560,
18442,
29668,
25404,
14100,
316,
24707,
276,
610,
1487,
15182,
482,
2535,
4581,
484,
316,
3444,
29889,
13,
18442,
951,
3741,
18332,
427,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29896,
29946,
584,
13,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
3929,
277,
4285,
818,
1487,
14560,
18442,
951,
6242,
29892,
14100,
427,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29896,
29953,
29892,
13,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
425,
1085,
1173,
818,
1487,
14560,
5322,
5322,
951,
3741,
29892,
14100,
427,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29906,
29906,
29889,
13,
13,
29903,
681,
966,
2630,
11505,
29871,
13,
13,
18442,
5473,
2181,
1318,
454,
868,
11555,
270,
29915,
29949,
2096,
29948,
550,
427,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29946,
29946,
1671,
1487,
14560,
18442,
29889,
1720,
3911,
18332,
8648,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
2630,
11505,
29889,
29871,
13,
4581,
1944,
454,
8396,
29892,
818,
1487,
10402,
427,
3218,
280,
21717,
29892,
427,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29953,
29900,
18332,
584,
13,
454,
868,
11555,
270,
29915,
2744,
20551,
634,
454,
419,
6772,
868,
26160,
818,
1487,
1473,
14560,
5899,
29892,
13,
966,
29561,
743,
316,
2292,
719,
634,
270,
29915,
29909,
29884,
369,
29887,
484,
634,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
3929,
277,
4285,
818,
1487,
22448,
14560,
4581,
29892,
13,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
323,
2470,
818,
18442,
454,
10999,
29875,
29889,
1720,
1841,
29873,
10198,
14785,
5278,
18249,
427,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29953,
29941,
427,
904,
3167,
868,
868,
11555,
316,
12340,
29887,
25666,
29892,
4725,
4727,
29948,
427,
5644,
457,
17715,
634,
1661,
5898,
13618,
270,
29915,
21419,
482,
29889,
997,
323,
283,
12096,
29892,
904,
8966,
1318,
427,
868,
11555,
707,
8608,
1318,
782,
270,
585,
561,
262,
5322,
29889,
13,
427,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29953
] | 1,024 | Wikipedia | 0.104851 | 0.909093 | 0.382971 | -0.63111 |
1, il donne également à sa fille Isabelle le comté de Vertus
Charles VI accorde :
à son frère Louis le duché de Touraine, ainsi que les comtés de Valois et Beaumont en 1386, puis le duché d'Orléans et le comté d'Angoulême en 1392. Il reçoit encore en augmentation d'apanage le comté de Périgord (1399) et le duché de Guyenne (1400), quoique cette province soit alors possession du roi d'Angleterre. Le Périgord sera saisi à son fils Charles Ier d'Orléans pendant sa captivité en Angleterre.
à son oncle Jean de Berry, le duché de Touraine, pris sur l'apanage de son frère Louis d'Orléans (1401).
Louis XI cède à son frère Charles :
le duché de Berry en 1461,
le duché de Normandie ainsi que les comtés de Mortain et Longueville en 1465 en échange du Berry,
le duché de Guyenne et les comtés de Périgord, Quercy, Aunis et Saintonge, en échange de la Normandie en 1469.
Louis XII créée deux apanages en montant sur le trône en 1498 :
le duché de Valois, au profit de son neveu François d'Angoulême,
le duché de Berry au profit de son ex-femme, Jeanne de France.
François titre ses deux fils cadets, Henri, duc d'Orléans et Charles, duc d'Angoulême, sans jouissance des apanages. Ce dernier reçoit en outre, le , les duchés d'Orléans, d'Angoulême et de Châtellerault, ainsi que les comtés de la Marche et de Clermont constitués en apanage effectif. Le , Il reçoit en outre le duché de Bourbon en augmentation.
Charles IX constitue en apanage le :
les duchés d'Anjou et de Bourbon, ainsi que le comté de Forez pour son frère Henri. Il reçoit également en augmentation d'apanage le duché d'Auvergne (), les comtés de la Marche et de Quercy ainsi que le Rouergue (),
les duchés d'Alençon, de Château-Thierry et de Châtillon pour son frère François. Il reçoit également en augmentation les comtés de Dreux et d'Évreux (1569), diverses terres en Normandie (1570) puis les comtés de Maine et de Meaux (1573).
Henri III accorde :
en 1576, l'augmentation de l'apanage de son frère François par le comté de Montfort l'Amaury (1573), ainsi que les duchés d'Anjou, de Berry et de Touraine,
en 1584, le transfert du duché d'Alençon à Henri de Navarre.
Sous les Bourbons
On trouve cinq édits principaux constitutifs d'apanage, dont les deux premiers ont constitué l'apanage d'Orléans :
Édit de , portant don à Gaston-Jean-Baptiste de France, frère de Louis XIII, du duché d'Orléans, de celui de Chartres et du comté de Blois, pour en jouir en apanage et les tenir en pairie ;
Édit de , pour l'apanage de Monsieur Philippe de France (1640-1701), frère de Louis XIV, composé des duchés d'Orléans, Valois et Chartres, avec la seigneurie de Montargis ;
Édit de , pour l'apanage de Charles de France, duc de Berry, petit-fils de Louis XIV, composé notamment du duché d'Alençon, de celui d'Angoulême et du comté de Ponthieu ;
Édit d', donné par Louis XV, pour l'apanage de son petit-fils, Louis-Stanislas-Xavier de France, comte de Provence et futur Louis XVIII, comprenant le duché d'Anjou et le comté du Perche | [
29896,
29892,
980,
18332,
8648,
818,
872,
18003,
16543,
280,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
11198,
375,
13,
5322,
5473,
1035,
24568,
584,
13,
818,
1487,
26083,
5899,
454,
868,
11555,
316,
323,
283,
12096,
29892,
8288,
712,
966,
419,
29873,
743,
316,
2630,
11505,
634,
1522,
25330,
609,
427,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29947,
29953,
29892,
7847,
454,
868,
11555,
270,
29915,
29949,
2096,
29948,
550,
634,
454,
419,
6772,
270,
29915,
9928,
5059,
5093,
427,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29929,
29906,
29889,
1720,
337,
28671,
10440,
427,
18765,
362,
270,
29915,
21419,
482,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
349,
1064,
335,
536,
313,
29896,
29941,
29929,
29929,
29897,
634,
454,
868,
11555,
316,
15880,
4584,
313,
29896,
29946,
29900,
29900,
511,
439,
29877,
1387,
5278,
12291,
12852,
8532,
17715,
868,
14100,
270,
29915,
19582,
21717,
29889,
951,
349,
1064,
335,
536,
16933,
872,
10770,
818,
1487,
14560,
5322,
26107,
270,
29915,
29949,
2096,
29948,
550,
13180,
872,
4332,
440,
2131,
427,
3218,
280,
21717,
29889,
13,
818,
1487,
373,
2841,
4581,
316,
2292,
719,
29892,
454,
868,
11555,
316,
323,
283,
12096,
29892,
19445,
1190,
301,
29915,
21419,
482,
316,
1487,
26083,
5899,
270,
29915,
29949,
2096,
29948,
550,
313,
29896,
29946,
29900,
29896,
467,
13,
5899,
18488,
274,
14785,
818,
1487,
26083,
5322,
584,
29871,
13,
454,
868,
11555,
316,
2292,
719,
427,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29953,
29896,
29892,
13,
454,
868,
11555,
316,
5655,
392,
347,
8288,
712,
966,
419,
29873,
743,
316,
15533,
475,
634,
6242,
434,
4909,
427,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29953,
29945,
427,
904,
3167,
868,
2292,
719,
29892,
13,
454,
868,
11555,
316,
15880,
4584,
634,
966,
419,
29873,
743,
316,
349,
1064,
335,
536,
29892,
751,
261,
1270,
29892,
319,
348,
275,
634,
14342,
880,
479,
29892,
427,
904,
3167,
316,
425,
5655,
392,
347,
427,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29953,
29929,
29889,
13,
5899,
17172,
9484,
1318,
4239,
3095,
273,
1179,
427,
7629,
424,
1190,
454,
534,
21522,
427,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29929,
29947,
584,
13,
454,
868,
11555,
316,
2630,
11505,
29892,
782,
21665,
316,
1487,
452,
345,
29884,
13645,
270,
29915,
9928,
5059,
5093,
29892,
13,
454,
868,
11555,
316,
2292,
719,
782,
21665,
316,
1487,
429,
29899,
29888,
331,
1004,
29892,
4581,
484,
316,
3444,
29889,
13,
13645,
29871,
13275,
3999,
4239,
14560,
13840,
1691,
29892,
11931,
29892,
20879,
270,
29915,
29949,
2096,
29948,
550,
634,
5322,
29892,
20879,
270,
29915,
9928,
5059,
5093,
29892,
7209,
8121,
9948,
553,
3095,
273,
1179,
29889,
7747,
16825,
337,
28671,
427,
714,
276,
29892,
454,
1919,
966,
29561,
743,
270,
29915,
29949,
2096,
29948,
550,
29892,
270,
29915,
9928,
5059,
5093,
634,
316,
678,
10807,
4539,
1292,
29892,
8288,
712,
966,
419,
29873,
743,
316,
425,
1085,
1173,
634,
316,
2233,
837,
609,
10719,
743,
427,
3095,
273,
482,
2779,
361,
29889,
951,
1919,
1720,
337,
28671,
427,
714,
276,
454,
868,
11555,
316,
12340,
6718,
427,
18765,
362,
29889,
29871,
13,
5322,
16841,
20016,
434,
427,
3095,
273,
482,
454,
29871,
584,
13,
966,
29561,
743,
270,
29915,
2744,
20551,
634,
316,
12340,
6718,
29892,
8288,
712,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
28297,
29920,
1671,
1487,
26083,
11931,
29889,
1720,
337,
28671,
8648,
427,
18765,
362,
270,
29915,
21419,
482,
454,
868,
11555,
270,
29915,
29909,
29884,
369,
29887,
484,
313,
511,
966,
419,
29873,
743,
316,
425,
1085,
1173,
634,
316,
751,
261,
1270,
8288,
712,
454,
15915,
261,
13000,
313,
511,
13,
966,
29561,
743,
270,
29915,
29909,
2435,
15529,
29892,
316,
678,
13796,
29899,
1349,
631,
719,
634,
316,
678,
10807,
12794,
1671,
1487,
26083,
13645,
29889,
1720,
337,
28671,
8648,
427,
18765,
362,
966,
419,
29873,
743,
316,
19155,
1314,
634,
270,
29915,
30062,
12675,
1314,
313,
29896,
29945,
29953,
29929,
511,
27858,
1935,
690,
427,
5655,
392,
347,
313,
29896,
29945,
29955,
29900,
29897,
7847,
966,
419,
29873,
743,
316,
26160,
634,
316,
2191,
2993,
313,
29896,
29945,
29955,
29941,
467,
13,
11931,
4786,
1035,
24568,
584,
29871,
13,
427,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29955,
29953,
29892,
301,
29915,
2987,
358,
362,
316,
301,
29915,
21419,
482,
316,
1487,
26083,
13645,
610,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
4526,
3921,
301,
29915,
29909,
655,
2857,
313,
29896,
29945,
29955,
29941,
511,
8288,
712,
966,
29561,
743,
270,
29915,
2744,
20551,
29892,
316,
2292,
719,
634,
316,
323,
283,
12096,
29892,
13,
427,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29947,
29946,
29892,
454,
6782,
29873,
868,
868,
11555,
270,
29915,
29909,
2435,
15529,
818,
11931,
316,
24707,
276,
29889,
13,
13,
29903,
681,
966,
12340,
29890,
787,
29871,
13,
13,
2951,
16391,
17256,
10273,
1169,
3420,
2993,
1040,
12937,
10270,
270,
29915,
21419,
482,
29892,
4555,
966,
4239,
21426,
4625,
10719,
29948,
301,
29915,
21419,
482,
270,
29915,
29949,
2096,
29948,
550,
584,
13,
14758,
277,
316,
1919,
2011,
424,
1016,
818,
18406,
265,
29899,
22438,
29899,
29933,
2156,
2488,
316,
3444,
29892,
26083,
316,
5899,
16714,
29892,
868,
868,
11555,
270,
29915,
29949,
2096,
29948,
550,
29892,
316,
13704,
316,
14477,
690,
634,
868,
419,
6772,
316,
11447,
275,
29892,
1671,
427,
8121,
381,
427,
3095,
273,
482,
634,
966,
29585,
427,
5101,
347,
2056,
13,
14758,
277,
316,
1919,
1671,
301,
29915,
21419,
482,
316,
28529,
18442,
316,
3444,
313,
29896,
29953,
29946,
29900,
29899,
29896,
29955,
29900,
29896,
511,
26083,
316,
5899,
17071,
29892,
5541,
29948,
553,
29561,
743,
270,
29915,
29949,
2096,
29948,
550,
29892,
2630,
11505,
634,
14477,
690,
29892,
2535,
425,
409,
22849,
347,
316,
4526,
1191,
275,
2056,
13,
14758,
277,
316,
1919,
1671,
301,
29915,
21419,
482,
316,
5322,
316,
3444,
29892,
20879,
316,
2292,
719,
29892,
17887,
29899,
1777,
29879,
316,
5899,
17071,
29892,
5541,
29948,
13214,
868,
868,
11555,
270,
29915,
29909,
2435,
15529,
29892,
316,
13704,
270,
29915,
9928,
5059,
5093,
634,
868,
419,
6772,
316,
26317,
386,
9532,
2056,
13,
14758,
277,
270,
742,
27282,
610,
5899,
5488,
29892,
1671,
301,
29915,
21419,
482,
316,
1487,
17887,
29899,
1777,
29879,
29892,
5899,
29899,
855,
273,
275,
3333,
29899,
29990,
18852,
316,
3444,
29892,
22845,
316,
9133,
663,
634,
3105,
332,
5899,
14271,
29892,
7199,
27153,
454,
868,
11555,
270,
29915,
2744,
20551,
634,
454,
419,
6772,
868,
2431,
1173
] | 1,024 | Wikipedia | -0.059871 | 0.85199 | 0.165991 | -1.019743 |
;
Édit d', qui constitue en apanage à Charles-Philippe de France, comte d'Artois, frère de Louis XVIII et futur Charles X, le duché d'Auvergne, le duché d'Angoulème, auquel on a ajouté le duché de Berry par lettres patentes de .
Les règles de succession en matière d'apanages
Les règles de transmission des apanages connurent de nombreuses évolutions. L'accroissement du pouvoir royal mais aussi la personnalité des rois et des apanagistes jouèrent beaucoup dans la façon dont ces terres purent ou non se transmettre. C'est seulement à la fin du et avec l'édit de Moulins que la situation se fixa.
Les règles générales
Au , la querelle entre Philippe III le Hardi et Charles Ier de Sicile à propos de la succession d'Alphonse de Poitiers établit les premiers principes. Le roi de Sicile espérait en effet hériter des biens de cet autre frère. En 1283, un parlement statua que seule la descendance directe d'un apanagiste pouvait recueillir sa succession. Ses frères et sœurs n'y avaient aucun droit.
Jusqu'à Philippe le Bel, les apanages étaient successibles tant par les hommes que par les femmes, comme dans le cas de l'Artois. À la mort de Robert II d'Artois en 1302, c'est ainsi sa fille aînée Mahaut d'Artois qui s'empare du comté, au détriment de ses deux frères cadets. Par la suite, le comté est transmis par les femmes à Philippe de Rouvres en 1347, puis à Louis de Mâle en 1382.
À partir de Philippe le Bel, les dispositions excluant le droit des filles à hériter des nouveaux apanages sont de plus en plus fréquentes. Elles n'ont cependant rien de systématiques. Jean de Berry transmet, par sa fille, Marie, le duché d'Auvergne aux Bourbons. Les rapports politiques entre le roi et les princes apanagistes prennent souvent le pas sur les règles juridiques.
Le cas bourguignon : un coup de force qui allait fonder un droit
En 1361, Philippe de Bourgogne meurt sans aucun héritier en ligne masculine : ni fils, ni frère, ni oncle, ni cousin. Son testament prévoit que ses biens seront dévolus à ses plus proches parents en fonction des coutumes respectives de chaque fief. Le roi Jean II, qui connaît bien le duché pour en avoir été le co-régent entre 1350 et 1355, s'empare de cette terre à la faveur d'un accord avec deux des autres héritiers : Marguerite de France pour l'Artois et le comté de Bourgogne et Jean de Boulogne pour le comté de Boulogne. Tous trois craignent de voir le duché tomber entre les mains de Charles II de Navarre, allié de l'Angleterre. Jean II, fils d'une fille cadette de Robert II de Bourgogne, est donc déclaré plus proche parent de Philippe de Bourgogne, devant Charles de Navarre, petit-fils de la fille aînée de Robert II.
Le roi proclame l'incorporation du duché au domaine royal en novembre 1361 mais annule cette décision après les remontrances des états de la province en décembre. Le , le roi octroie le duché à son fils cadet Philippe le Hardi en pleine propriété et non sous forme d'apanage. Aux termes de cette donation, le duché est successible dans l'ensemble de la descendance de Philippe le Hardi, sans clauses de masculinité. L'acte est confirmé par Charles V le .
Pourtant, à la disparition de Charles le Téméraire, arrière-petit-fils de Philippe le Hardi, en 1477, la couronne refuse la dévolution du duché à la fille unique du duc, Marie de Bourgogne. La Bourgogne est donc envahie et Louis | [
2056,
13,
14758,
277,
270,
742,
1750,
20016,
434,
427,
3095,
273,
482,
818,
5322,
29899,
4819,
2638,
4798,
316,
3444,
29892,
22845,
270,
29915,
1433,
517,
275,
29892,
26083,
316,
5899,
14271,
634,
3105,
332,
5322,
1060,
29892,
454,
868,
11555,
270,
29915,
29909,
29884,
369,
29887,
484,
29892,
454,
868,
11555,
270,
29915,
9928,
5059,
5000,
29892,
782,
13295,
373,
263,
13612,
449,
29948,
454,
868,
11555,
316,
2292,
719,
610,
1235,
5888,
2373,
5326,
316,
869,
13,
13,
24560,
27264,
793,
316,
25997,
427,
1775,
5289,
270,
29915,
21419,
1179,
29871,
13,
13,
24560,
27264,
793,
316,
22713,
553,
3095,
273,
1179,
11009,
24811,
316,
25226,
904,
4068,
29879,
29889,
365,
29915,
5753,
307,
11537,
868,
19397,
15150,
3503,
5695,
425,
15001,
284,
2131,
553,
696,
275,
634,
553,
3095,
273,
351,
9230,
8121,
13546,
21394,
1465,
425,
2258,
15529,
4555,
7015,
1935,
690,
3708,
296,
2123,
1661,
409,
18750,
1803,
276,
29889,
315,
29915,
342,
23422,
818,
425,
1436,
868,
29871,
634,
2535,
301,
29915,
2487,
277,
316,
341,
5059,
1144,
712,
425,
6434,
409,
2329,
29874,
29889,
13,
13,
24560,
27264,
793,
6094,
1064,
2122,
29871,
13,
13,
29909,
29884,
1919,
425,
22320,
1808,
2637,
18442,
4786,
454,
10999,
29875,
634,
5322,
26107,
316,
18349,
488,
818,
9551,
316,
425,
25997,
270,
29915,
2499,
17607,
344,
316,
3929,
277,
4285,
29550,
277,
966,
21426,
3420,
267,
29889,
951,
14100,
316,
18349,
488,
29871,
5152,
6947,
277,
427,
20744,
22500,
5385,
553,
4768,
575,
316,
15093,
14857,
26083,
29889,
1174,
29871,
29896,
29906,
29947,
29941,
29892,
443,
610,
944,
1002,
3357,
712,
25642,
425,
17086,
749,
1513,
29872,
270,
29915,
348,
3095,
273,
351,
2488,
24684,
1249,
1162,
434,
453,
381,
872,
25997,
29889,
22948,
1424,
5908,
634,
269,
30106,
1295,
302,
29915,
29891,
23997,
20480,
348,
17950,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
29967,
8555,
29915,
30001,
18442,
454,
3741,
29892,
966,
3095,
273,
1179,
15777,
2551,
13876,
11172,
610,
966,
17137,
712,
610,
966,
19452,
29892,
4191,
1465,
454,
3209,
316,
301,
29915,
1433,
517,
275,
29889,
8526,
425,
5758,
316,
4755,
1944,
270,
29915,
1433,
517,
275,
427,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29900,
29906,
29892,
274,
29915,
342,
8288,
872,
18003,
263,
30058,
24697,
10082,
1300,
270,
29915,
1433,
517,
275,
1750,
269,
29915,
3451,
598,
868,
419,
6772,
29892,
782,
1437,
509,
2073,
316,
3999,
4239,
1424,
5908,
13840,
1691,
29889,
1459,
425,
9460,
29892,
454,
419,
6772,
707,
18750,
275,
610,
966,
19452,
818,
18442,
316,
390,
5128,
690,
427,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29946,
29955,
29892,
7847,
818,
5899,
316,
341,
30057,
280,
427,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29947,
29906,
29889,
13,
13,
30113,
8019,
316,
18442,
454,
3741,
29892,
966,
11549,
2187,
429,
695,
29884,
424,
454,
17950,
553,
5445,
267,
818,
22500,
5385,
553,
10984,
2993,
3095,
273,
1179,
3435,
316,
2298,
427,
2298,
1424,
21871,
5326,
29889,
11001,
267,
302,
29915,
609,
26876,
21181,
316,
13107,
2249,
19669,
29889,
4581,
29871,
316,
2292,
719,
1301,
2527,
29892,
610,
872,
18003,
29892,
9932,
29892,
454,
868,
11555,
270,
29915,
29909,
29884,
369,
29887,
484,
3479,
12340,
29890,
787,
29889,
2664,
13659,
29879,
2832,
3783,
2637,
454,
14100,
634,
966,
23251,
3095,
273,
351,
9230,
544,
2108,
296,
18484,
454,
2331,
1190,
966,
27264,
793,
11099,
333,
3783,
29889,
13,
13,
3226,
3209,
289,
473,
2543,
29582,
584,
443,
17103,
316,
4889,
1750,
4082,
277,
285,
8417,
443,
17950,
29871,
13,
13,
2369,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29953,
29896,
29892,
18442,
29871,
316,
12340,
29887,
25666,
592,
4227,
7209,
20480,
348,
22500,
768,
631,
427,
7330,
21799,
457,
584,
6836,
14560,
29892,
6836,
26083,
29892,
6836,
373,
2841,
29892,
6836,
22618,
29889,
5791,
1243,
1166,
7175,
1365,
277,
712,
3999,
4768,
575,
724,
609,
1437,
1555,
375,
818,
3999,
2298,
410,
6609,
11825,
427,
18165,
553,
11196,
9351,
3390,
3145,
316,
18402,
285,
2575,
29889,
951,
14100,
4581,
1944,
29892,
1750,
17043,
13871,
6079,
454,
868,
11555,
1671,
427,
11469,
4370,
454,
1302,
29899,
29878,
2445,
296,
2637,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29945,
29900,
634,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29945,
29945,
29892,
269,
29915,
3451,
598,
316,
5278,
18249,
818,
425,
285,
1351,
332,
270,
29915,
348,
15017,
2535,
4239,
553,
10890,
22500,
768,
4285,
584,
1085,
26880,
568,
316,
3444,
1671,
301,
29915,
1433,
517,
275,
634,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
12340,
29887,
25666,
634,
4581,
316,
12476,
1188,
484,
1671,
454,
419,
6772,
316,
12476,
1188,
484,
29889,
323,
681,
7732,
12220,
647,
296,
316,
8689,
454,
868,
11555,
6454,
495,
2637,
966,
1667,
29879,
316,
5322,
1944,
316,
24707,
276,
29892,
394,
492,
29948,
316,
301,
29915,
19582,
21717,
29889,
4581,
1944,
29892,
14560,
270,
29915,
1540,
18003,
13840,
2353,
316,
4755,
1944,
316,
12340,
29887,
25666,
29892,
707,
12866,
1437,
16544,
29948,
2298,
410,
1173,
3847,
316,
18442,
316,
12340,
29887,
25666,
29892,
19398,
5322,
316,
24707,
276,
29892,
17887,
29899,
1777,
29879,
316,
425,
18003,
263,
30058,
24697,
316,
4755,
1944,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
3226,
14100,
410,
695,
420,
301,
29915,
262,
2616,
1971,
362,
868,
868,
11555,
782,
2432,
9874,
15150,
427,
7005,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29953,
29896,
3503,
2889,
1297,
5278,
4224,
2459,
7907,
966,
1083,
265,
509,
2925,
553,
2852,
1446,
316,
425,
12291,
427,
9367,
29889,
951,
1919,
454,
14100,
4725,
307,
347,
454,
868,
11555,
818,
1487,
14560,
13840,
300,
18442,
454,
10999,
29875,
427,
5644,
457,
10850,
7342,
634,
1661,
5898,
13618,
270,
29915,
21419,
482,
29889,
319,
1314,
1840,
267,
316,
5278,
1016,
362,
29892,
454,
868,
11555,
707,
2551,
1821,
1465,
301,
29915,
24031,
316,
425,
17086,
749,
316,
18442,
454,
10999,
29875,
29892,
7209,
3711,
6394,
316,
21799,
262,
2131,
29889,
365,
29915,
627,
29872,
707,
9659,
29948,
610,
5322,
478,
454,
869,
13,
13,
29925,
14316,
424,
29892,
818,
425,
17508,
654,
316,
5322,
454,
323,
2249,
6947,
533,
29892,
564,
9318,
29899,
10963,
277,
29899,
1777,
29879,
316,
18442,
454,
10999,
29875,
29892,
427,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29955,
29955,
29892,
425,
2085,
7293,
26506,
425,
1437,
4068,
868,
868,
11555,
818,
425,
18003,
5412,
868,
20879,
29892,
9932,
316,
12340,
29887,
25666,
29889,
997,
12340,
29887,
25666,
707,
12866,
8829,
801,
347,
634,
5899
] | 1,024 | Wikipedia | 0.404916 | 0.818248 | -0.229191 | -0.542806 |
XI proclame la réunion du duché au domaine royal, faute d'hériter.
Pour le parti bourguignon, cette décision est inadmissible pour deux raisons. Tout d'abord, le duché n'aurait jamais constitué un apanage. Jean II n'aurait pas recueilli la Bourgogne par déshérence mais par héritage : c'est comme plus proche parent qu'il en aurait hérité. Il aurait ensuite légué ce duché à un de ses fils après l'avoir conservé seulement deux ans et sans l'avoir réuni à la couronne. Une argumentation héraldique est développée à cette occasion, en montrant que Philippe le Hardi avait porté, dès son investiture comme duc de Bourgogne, des armes non pas simplement brisées comme c'était le cas lorsqu'il était comte apanagier de Tours, mais écartelées, montrant sa possession personnelle, pleine et entière du duché. La seconde ligne d'argumentation est que le roi de France avait été mis en situation de donner ce duché à son fils cadet par des femmes (sa mère Jeanne de Bourgogne et sa première femme Jeanne d'Auvergne). Refuser la dévolution à Marie de Bourgogne, au nom du principe de masculinité, est non seulement contraire à ce qui s'était produit pour Philippe le Hardi, mais revient à affirmer que le duché n'aurait même pas dû arriver entre les mains du roi Jean II.
Du point de vue de Louis XI comme de François , lors du traité de Madrid, l'extinction de la descendance masculine de Philippe le Hardi présente l'occasion de réunir au domaine royal la Bourgogne ducale et de neutraliser une dynastie devenue menaçante. Ils se comportent comme si cette province était revenue une première fois au domaine par absence d'héritier mâle sous Jean II le Bon, ce dernier se contentant de créer aussitôt un nouvel apanage qui doit suivre la règle de succession par les mâles. Il semble aujourd'hui que la saisie du duché n'ait été qu'un coup de force infondé en droit. Louis XI et ses successeurs ne pouvaient laisser échapper cette province stratégique, sise aux portes de l'Île-de-France. Par la suite, l'exclusion de la descendance féminine des apanagistes allait cependant devenir une norme légale.
Le caractère essentiellement opportuniste de la couronne et la faiblesse de sa position juridique dans l'affaire bourguignonne se révèlent particulièrement quand on compare la situation de 1477 avec celle de la branche aînée des Bourbons.
L'édit de Moulins (1566)
C'est seulement avec l'édit de Moulins, en 1566, qu'un régime fixe et universel fut établi en matière d'apanages.
L'article déclare que le domaine royal ne peut pas être aliéné, excepté dans deux cas : en cas d'urgence financière, avec une option perpétuelle pour racheter le domaine ; et pour former un apanage, qui doit retourner à la couronne à l'extinction de la ligne masculine en son état original. L'apanagiste ne peut donc pas se séparer de son apanage de quelque façon.
L'article 2 définit le domaine selon deux critères.
Le domaine exprès, c'est-à-dire l'ensemble des terres de la couronne et celles qui lui sont adjointes par des actes de droit (traités de paix, déclaration de rattachement au domaine...).
Le domaine tacite, c'est-à-dire l'ensemble des terres administrées pendant au moins dix ans selon les mêmes modalités que les terres de la couronne (administrées par des agents de la couronne et comptées sur les mêmes comptes que les autres terres de la couronne). Si une terre est en possession du roi de France, mais administrée comme un domaine distinct, elle peut donc être, en théorie, exempte de l'incorporation au domaine royal. Le roi | [
18488,
410,
695,
420,
425,
1841,
13094,
868,
868,
11555,
782,
2432,
9874,
15150,
29892,
2258,
1082,
270,
29915,
19880,
5385,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
29925,
473,
454,
17756,
289,
473,
2543,
29582,
29892,
5278,
4224,
2459,
707,
297,
328,
9894,
1821,
1671,
4239,
1153,
14125,
29889,
28079,
270,
29915,
24430,
29892,
454,
868,
11555,
302,
29915,
6698,
1249,
18413,
10719,
29948,
443,
3095,
273,
482,
29889,
4581,
1944,
302,
29915,
6698,
1249,
2331,
1162,
434,
12840,
425,
12340,
29887,
25666,
610,
9982,
29882,
1064,
663,
3503,
610,
22500,
768,
482,
584,
274,
29915,
342,
4191,
2298,
410,
1173,
3847,
439,
29915,
309,
427,
26030,
22500,
768,
29948,
29889,
1720,
26030,
18158,
10918,
27478,
2257,
868,
11555,
818,
443,
316,
3999,
14560,
7907,
301,
29915,
28619,
8976,
29948,
23422,
4239,
6063,
634,
7209,
301,
29915,
28619,
1841,
3909,
818,
425,
2085,
7293,
29889,
10016,
2980,
362,
298,
1064,
2741,
1387,
707,
16797,
1318,
818,
5278,
10039,
29892,
427,
1601,
509,
424,
712,
18442,
454,
10999,
29875,
7905,
2011,
29948,
29892,
21975,
1487,
13258,
17252,
4191,
20879,
316,
12340,
29887,
25666,
29892,
553,
564,
4467,
1661,
2331,
1027,
2037,
1506,
275,
2406,
4191,
274,
29915,
14386,
454,
3209,
7628,
339,
29915,
309,
6303,
22845,
3095,
273,
351,
631,
316,
323,
2470,
29892,
3503,
904,
13823,
295,
2406,
29892,
1601,
509,
424,
872,
17715,
15001,
1808,
29892,
5644,
457,
634,
875,
5289,
868,
868,
11555,
29889,
997,
26617,
7330,
270,
29915,
23516,
362,
707,
712,
454,
14100,
316,
3444,
7905,
4370,
3984,
427,
6434,
316,
27516,
2257,
868,
11555,
818,
1487,
14560,
13840,
300,
610,
553,
19452,
313,
4977,
21428,
4581,
484,
316,
12340,
29887,
25666,
634,
872,
8861,
15096,
4581,
484,
270,
29915,
29909,
29884,
369,
29887,
484,
467,
9897,
1792,
425,
1437,
4068,
818,
9932,
316,
12340,
29887,
25666,
29892,
782,
2245,
868,
29095,
316,
21799,
262,
2131,
29892,
707,
1661,
23422,
6761,
533,
818,
2257,
1750,
269,
29915,
14386,
27666,
1671,
18442,
454,
10999,
29875,
29892,
3503,
6664,
993,
818,
2756,
381,
1050,
712,
454,
868,
11555,
302,
29915,
6698,
1249,
6701,
2331,
270,
30095,
564,
3511,
2637,
966,
1667,
29879,
868,
14100,
4581,
1944,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
29928,
29884,
1298,
316,
15911,
316,
5899,
18488,
4191,
316,
13645,
1919,
7628,
868,
1020,
2131,
316,
9669,
29892,
301,
29915,
1062,
16807,
316,
425,
17086,
749,
21799,
457,
316,
18442,
454,
10999,
29875,
22847,
301,
29915,
15693,
7002,
316,
1841,
348,
381,
782,
2432,
9874,
15150,
425,
12340,
29887,
25666,
20879,
744,
634,
316,
21104,
7608,
1597,
22337,
347,
316,
9947,
1757,
29874,
30019,
1647,
29889,
16932,
409,
20299,
296,
4191,
1354,
5278,
12291,
6303,
337,
9947,
1597,
8861,
10098,
782,
2432,
9874,
610,
18070,
270,
29915,
19880,
768,
631,
286,
30057,
280,
5898,
4581,
1944,
454,
8396,
29892,
2257,
16825,
409,
2793,
424,
316,
9484,
261,
263,
1558,
277,
9373,
443,
302,
9095,
3095,
273,
482,
1750,
16374,
10252,
276,
425,
364,
30000,
6234,
316,
25997,
610,
966,
286,
30057,
793,
29889,
1720,
3031,
569,
22572,
29915,
15669,
712,
425,
872,
24453,
868,
868,
11555,
302,
29915,
1249,
4370,
439,
29915,
348,
17103,
316,
4889,
3041,
898,
29948,
427,
17950,
29889,
5899,
18488,
634,
3999,
8348,
5340,
1295,
452,
7446,
1564,
993,
425,
29415,
21206,
23239,
5278,
12291,
26742,
2445,
1387,
29892,
269,
895,
3479,
2011,
267,
316,
301,
29915,
30126,
280,
29899,
311,
29899,
16066,
29889,
1459,
425,
9460,
29892,
301,
29915,
735,
10085,
316,
425,
17086,
749,
26883,
457,
553,
3095,
273,
351,
9230,
4082,
277,
26876,
316,
15470,
1597,
6056,
29872,
10918,
744,
29889,
13,
13,
3226,
1559,
627,
1908,
3686,
296,
18029,
28602,
2488,
316,
425,
2085,
7293,
634,
425,
2258,
13876,
344,
316,
872,
2602,
11099,
333,
1387,
1465,
301,
29915,
3470,
5218,
289,
473,
2543,
647,
7293,
409,
1841,
29894,
30000,
29880,
296,
16530,
20564,
18097,
373,
7252,
425,
6434,
316,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29955,
29955,
2535,
14344,
316,
425,
20531,
1173,
263,
30058,
24697,
553,
12340,
29890,
787,
29889,
13,
13,
29931,
29915,
2487,
277,
316,
341,
5059,
1144,
313,
29896,
29945,
29953,
29953,
29897,
29871,
13,
13,
29907,
29915,
342,
23422,
2535,
301,
29915,
2487,
277,
316,
341,
5059,
1144,
29892,
427,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29953,
29953,
29892,
439,
29915,
348,
6367,
603,
2329,
29872,
634,
4946,
295,
3105,
2852,
370,
492,
427,
1775,
5289,
270,
29915,
21419,
1179,
29889,
29871,
13,
13,
29931,
29915,
7914,
29871,
4224,
8663,
712,
454,
2432,
9874,
15150,
452,
8164,
2331,
7848,
394,
5170,
29948,
29892,
5174,
29948,
1465,
4239,
3209,
584,
427,
3209,
270,
29915,
2007,
663,
22347,
1908,
29892,
2535,
1597,
2984,
639,
29886,
1893,
13498,
1671,
1153,
305,
1308,
454,
2432,
9874,
2056,
634,
1671,
4642,
443,
3095,
273,
482,
29892,
1750,
16374,
18948,
1089,
818,
425,
2085,
7293,
818,
301,
29915,
1062,
16807,
316,
425,
7330,
21799,
457,
427,
1487,
2852,
271,
2441,
29889,
365,
29915,
21419,
351,
2488,
452,
8164,
12866,
2331,
409,
7019,
862,
261,
316,
1487,
3095,
273,
482,
316,
21907,
2258,
15529,
29889,
13,
13,
29931,
29915,
7914,
29871,
29906,
11482,
2344,
454,
2432,
9874,
14864,
4239,
3994,
5908,
29889,
29871,
13,
951,
2432,
9874,
429,
5435,
29892,
274,
29915,
342,
29899,
30001,
29899,
20146,
301,
29915,
24031,
553,
1935,
690,
316,
425,
2085,
7293,
634,
3038,
267,
1750,
3911,
3435,
594,
12090,
267,
610,
553,
1044,
267,
316,
17950,
313,
3018,
7719,
316,
3300,
861,
29892,
1437,
16544,
362,
316,
364,
14930,
882,
782,
2432,
9874,
856,
467,
29871,
13,
951,
2432,
9874,
260,
562,
568,
29892,
274,
29915,
342,
29899,
30001,
29899,
20146,
301,
29915,
24031,
553,
1935,
690,
6343,
2406,
13180,
782,
11387,
23386,
6063,
14864,
966,
286,
30037,
4467,
13008,
7719,
712,
966,
1935,
690,
316,
425,
2085,
7293,
313,
6406,
2132,
2406,
610,
553,
19518,
316,
425,
2085,
7293,
634,
18741,
2406,
1190,
966,
286,
30037,
4467,
18741,
267,
712,
966,
10890,
1935,
690,
316,
425,
2085,
7293,
467,
6101,
1597,
18249,
707,
427,
17715,
868,
14100,
316,
3444,
29892,
3503,
6343,
1318,
4191,
443,
2432,
9874,
8359,
29892,
4875,
8164,
12866,
7848,
29892,
427,
13219,
7661,
29892,
429,
3451,
371,
316,
301,
29915,
262,
2616,
1971,
362,
782,
2432,
9874,
15150,
29889,
951,
14100
] | 1,024 | Wikipedia | 0.680019 | 1.189414 | -0.392374 | -0.422405 |
Unter dem Namen Edelweiss (auch: Edelweiss-Express) verkehrte von 1928 bis 1979 mit kriegsbedingter Unterbrechung ein Zugpaar zwischen der Schweiz und den Niederlanden über das Elsass und Luxemburg. Bis 1939 verkehrte der Zug als von der Internationalen Schlafwagengesellschaft (CIWL) betriebener Luxuszug. Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg zunächst als normaler Schnellzug geführt, wurde der Edelweiss ab 1957 eines der ersten Zugpaare des neuen Trans-Europ-Express-Systems (TEE). 1979 wurde er eingestellt.
Pullmanzug der CIWL
Die CIWL hatte bereits seit 1883 beginnend mit dem Orient-Express ein ganzes Netz an Luxuszügen aufgebaut. Bis zum Ersten Weltkrieg handelte es sich dabei aber fast ausschließlich um reine Schlafwagenzüge für lange Strecken. Nur vereinzelt liefen in diesen Zügen auch Salonwagen für den Tagesverkehr. Erst nach dem Krieg begann die CIWL ab 1925 damit, auch ein Netz von Luxuszügen für den reinen Tagesverkehr aufzubauen, die als Pullman-Express oder Pullmanzug bezeichnet wurden. Sie setzte dabei so genannte "Pullmanwagen" ein, luxuriös ausgestattete Großraumwagen, von denen ein Teil mit Küche ausgestattet war. Die Züge führten keine Speisewagen, es wurde am Platz serviert. Jeweils ein Wagen mit und ein Wagen ohne Küche bildeten dabei eine so genannte Couplage.
Nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg einigten sich CIWL und die deutsche Mitropa auf eine Abgrenzung der jeweils mit Schlaf- und Speisewagen bedienten Länder und Strecken. In die Niederlande und die Schweiz verkehrten dabei Wagen beider Gesellschaften. Die Mitropa konzentrierte sich nach einzelnen Experimenten mit Luxuszügen wie dem Berlin-London-Express auf den Betrieb ihrer in normale D- und FD-Züge eingestellten Schlaf- und Speisewagen. Die einzige Ausnahme war der FFD Rheingold von Amsterdam in die Schweiz, für den sie 1928 besondere Salonwagen mit Service am Platz beschaffte.
Der Rheingold verkehrte erstmals am 15. Mai 1928 über die überwiegend rechtsrheinische Strecke Amsterdam – Mannheim – Basel. Genau einen Monat später fuhr der Edelweiss erstmals von Amsterdam über Brüssel, Luxemburg und Straßburg nach Basel. Damit machten sich beide Züge auf der wichtigen Verbindung von den niederländischen Kanalhäfen in die Schweiz Konkurrenz. Der Edelweiss hatte dabei mit 812 km zwischen Amsterdam und Basel eine im Vergleich mit den 779 km des Rheingold etwas längere Strecke, die zudem durch die Querung der Ardennen zwischen Namur und Luxemburg und der nördlichen Vogesen zwischen Metz und Straßburg betrieblich deutlich anspruchsvoller war. Dennoch waren die Fahrtzeiten weitgehend vergleichbar. So benötigte der Rheingold 1939 in Richtung Süden von Amsterdam bis Basel 9 Stunden und 46 Minuten, der Edelweiss war mit 10 Stunden und 8 Minuten nur etwa zwanzig Minuten langsamer. In Richtung Norden lag nur etwa eine Viertelstunde zwischen den beiden Konkurrenzzügen.
Bereits zwei Wochen nach Einführung wurde der oft auch als Edelweiss-Express bezeichnete Zug von Basel bis Luzern verlängert. Die Verbindung war allerdings nicht völlig neu, bereits seit 1863 gab es durchgehende Züge zwischen den Niederlanden und der Schweiz über Belgien und Luxemburg. Ab Sommer 1929 fuhren die Wagen der 1. Klasse des Edelweiss nach Zürich, ein Kurswagen 1. Klasse lief weiterhin nach Luzern. Die Pullmanwagen 2. Klasse endeten in Basel. Zwischen Basel und Zürich führten die SBB dabei die Kurswagen aus dem Edelweiss über mehrere Jahre zusammen mit den Zürcher Kurswagen des Rheingold. 1939 wurde der Zug | [
5266,
1261,
14635,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
313,
13989,
29901,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
29899,
27404,
29897,
1147,
10455,
371,
1005,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29906,
29947,
2652,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29955,
29929,
1380,
413,
2546,
3174,
2580,
292,
357,
5266,
1030,
305,
686,
1011,
24698,
3274,
279,
7831,
589,
22703,
563,
972,
16501,
1049,
264,
2939,
1697,
13144,
465,
563,
23812,
2007,
29889,
16818,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29941,
29929,
1147,
10455,
371,
589,
24698,
1620,
1005,
589,
4623,
264,
1102,
433,
25051,
351,
996,
267,
10806,
313,
8426,
29956,
29931,
29897,
1010,
11055,
759,
18624,
10958,
688,
29889,
3975,
1261,
24149,
25686,
16891,
1620,
4226,
261,
1102,
18437,
19457,
10235,
26781,
29892,
1931,
589,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
633,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29945,
29955,
7265,
589,
9372,
24698,
3274,
598,
553,
17369,
4103,
29899,
29923,
4131,
29899,
27404,
29899,
3924,
29879,
313,
4330,
29923,
467,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29955,
29929,
1931,
604,
6867,
23391,
29889,
13,
13,
29925,
913,
1171,
19457,
589,
25781,
29956,
29931,
29871,
13,
13,
16334,
25781,
29956,
29931,
6551,
13101,
8416,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29947,
29941,
1812,
2559,
355,
1380,
1261,
29650,
29899,
27404,
1011,
21689,
267,
405,
6618,
385,
18624,
10958,
29993,
1885,
1622,
27617,
29889,
16818,
3356,
1425,
3510,
25686,
1361,
14248,
831,
2160,
17857,
6126,
5172,
1770,
14536,
1470,
1922,
337,
457,
1102,
433,
25051,
351,
4666,
28978,
1865,
20516,
11738,
8916,
29889,
25651,
24269,
262,
29920,
2152,
301,
2575,
264,
297,
12155,
796,
29993,
1885,
2907,
3956,
265,
23702,
1865,
972,
323,
1179,
27271,
29889,
20329,
2644,
1261,
23234,
16019,
762,
25781,
29956,
29931,
633,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29906,
29945,
14733,
29892,
2907,
1011,
405,
6618,
1005,
18624,
10958,
29993,
1885,
1865,
972,
337,
7026,
323,
1179,
27271,
1622,
29920,
431,
585,
264,
29892,
762,
1620,
349,
913,
1171,
29899,
27404,
4461,
349,
913,
1171,
19457,
11138,
5448,
29889,
4073,
731,
8832,
17857,
577,
2531,
16383,
376,
29925,
913,
1171,
23702,
29908,
1011,
29892,
21684,
5338,
6616,
1770,
7118,
1131,
2650,
11751,
19527,
23702,
29892,
1005,
17209,
1011,
7770,
1380,
19276,
1173,
1770,
7118,
1131,
300,
1370,
29889,
1640,
796,
28978,
10136,
841,
13945,
5013,
275,
809,
5370,
29892,
831,
1931,
626,
11141,
3348,
3722,
29889,
2581,
705,
2719,
1011,
399,
5370,
1380,
563,
1011,
399,
5370,
14233,
19276,
1173,
14071,
6302,
17857,
2128,
577,
2531,
16383,
19565,
572,
482,
29889,
13,
13,
29940,
496,
1261,
1425,
3510,
25686,
1011,
17542,
2160,
25781,
29956,
29931,
563,
762,
16313,
4573,
1336,
29874,
1622,
2128,
1976,
629,
4666,
686,
589,
25003,
1380,
1102,
433,
29888,
29899,
563,
5013,
275,
809,
5370,
6592,
993,
264,
365,
13178,
563,
11738,
8916,
29889,
512,
762,
16501,
28328,
563,
762,
22703,
1147,
10455,
841,
17857,
399,
5370,
367,
1241,
18626,
264,
29889,
1640,
4573,
1336,
29874,
4139,
6741,
4336,
371,
2160,
2644,
15747,
3478,
264,
1222,
15362,
264,
1380,
18624,
10958,
29993,
1885,
4031,
1261,
5115,
29899,
26682,
265,
29899,
27404,
1622,
972,
26439,
11448,
297,
6056,
744,
360,
29899,
563,
383,
29928,
29899,
29999,
28978,
6867,
342,
514,
841,
1102,
433,
29888,
29899,
563,
5013,
275,
809,
5370,
29889,
1640,
15747,
2231,
4028,
18692,
1370,
589,
21379,
29928,
390,
354,
292,
1025,
1005,
17399,
297,
762,
22703,
29892,
1865,
972,
2686,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29906,
29947,
3008,
18241,
3956,
265,
23702,
1380,
6692,
626,
11141,
8702,
3470,
371,
29889,
13,
13,
15383,
390,
354,
292,
1025,
1147,
10455,
371,
20090,
626,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29889,
6868,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29906,
29947,
2939,
762,
2939,
29893,
5876,
355,
337,
10333,
29878,
12880,
2010,
11738,
10055,
17399,
785,
7908,
6391,
785,
4886,
295,
29889,
5739,
585,
4596,
2598,
271,
9655,
4084,
1092,
589,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
20090,
1005,
17399,
2939,
1771,
10673,
295,
29892,
23812,
2007,
563,
7357,
30034,
3074,
2644,
4886,
295,
29889,
9865,
277,
7672,
841,
2160,
23847,
796,
28978,
1622,
589,
21393,
2101,
1798,
25988,
1005,
972,
23634,
16442,
1679,
476,
7054,
24920,
11350,
297,
762,
22703,
5250,
29895,
1038,
4666,
29889,
2452,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
6551,
17857,
1380,
29871,
29947,
29896,
29906,
2383,
7831,
17399,
563,
4886,
295,
2128,
527,
1798,
19867,
1380,
972,
29871,
29955,
29955,
29929,
2383,
553,
390,
354,
292,
1025,
23452,
25514,
406,
11738,
10055,
29892,
762,
503,
20294,
3494,
762,
751,
261,
686,
589,
826,
1145,
4566,
7831,
13041,
332,
563,
23812,
2007,
563,
589,
23810,
4057,
20797,
11954,
7831,
4737,
29920,
563,
7357,
30034,
3074,
1010,
11055,
1470,
316,
22251,
6063,
558,
19873,
1555,
1358,
1370,
29889,
3384,
1217,
305,
6183,
762,
383,
801,
2273,
911,
3537,
11181,
22733,
355,
1147,
19867,
1646,
29889,
1105,
3856,
9618,
15085,
589,
390,
354,
292,
1025,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29941,
29929,
297,
29152,
26585,
1005,
17399,
2652,
4886,
295,
29871,
29929,
624,
9784,
563,
29871,
29946,
29953,
3080,
6935,
29892,
589,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
1370,
1380,
29871,
29896,
29900,
624,
9784,
563,
29871,
29947,
3080,
6935,
5595,
10218,
5263,
4096,
335,
3080,
6935,
6361,
29879,
4183,
29889,
512,
29152,
23899,
11755,
5595,
10218,
2128,
478,
3722,
295,
303,
9140,
7831,
972,
13066,
5250,
29895,
1038,
4666,
29920,
29993,
1885,
29889,
13,
13,
29933,
406,
1169,
7325,
14962,
2724,
2644,
2694,
22269,
1931,
589,
18941,
2907,
1620,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
29899,
27404,
11138,
29872,
24698,
1005,
4886,
295,
2652,
3182,
29920,
824,
27059,
4762,
814,
29889,
1640,
1798,
25988,
1370,
22761,
3072,
325,
22232,
335,
17167,
29892,
13101,
8416,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29953,
29941,
11880,
831,
3494,
479,
3169,
311,
796,
28978,
7831,
972,
16501,
1049,
264,
563,
589,
22703,
2939,
9923,
819,
563,
23812,
2007,
29889,
1976,
22820,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29906,
29929,
4084,
13608,
762,
399,
5370,
589,
29871,
29896,
29889,
476,
14537,
553,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
2644,
24931,
29892,
1011,
476,
1295,
23702,
29871,
29896,
29889,
476,
14537,
301,
2575,
9352,
11222,
2644,
3182,
29920,
824,
29889,
1640,
349,
913,
1171,
23702,
29871,
29906,
29889,
476,
14537,
1095,
6302,
297,
4886,
295,
29889,
24527,
4886,
295,
563,
24931,
10136,
841,
762,
317,
14388,
17857,
762,
476,
1295,
23702,
1770,
1261,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
2939,
21742,
7095,
12438,
1380,
972,
22139,
4630,
476,
1295,
23702,
553,
390,
354,
292,
1025,
29889,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29941,
29929,
1931,
589,
24698
] | 1,024 | Wikipedia | 0.469447 | 0.296538 | 0.474425 | -0.624548 |
lauf nach Kriegsausbruch eingestellt.
TEE Edelweiss
Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg fuhr der Edelweiss als normaler Schnellzug. Neben dem Speisewagen stellte die CIWL noch bis 1952 Pullmanwagen, die zusätzlich zu den normalen Sitzwagen eingereiht wurden.
Der Präsident der Niederländischen Staatsbahn, Franciscus den Hollander, schlug 1953 die Einführung eines europäischen Netzes hochwertiger Dieseltriebzüge vor. Zum Sommerfahrplan 1957 führten die Staatsbahnen Belgiens (NMBS/SNCB), der Niederlande (NS), der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (DB), Frankreichs (SNCF), Italiens (FS), Luxemburgs (CFL) und der Schweiz (SBB) die ersten TEE-Züge ein. Die meisten dieser Züge waren keine völlig neuen Zugläufe, sondern übernahmen die Laufwege bisheriger Schnellzüge. Zu ihnen gehörte auch der Edelweiss, der ab 2. Juni 1957 als TEE verkehrte.
Für die 1050 Kilometer des Zuglaufs von Amsterdam nach Zürich benötigte der TEE bei 13 Zwischenhalten eine Zeit von 9 Stunden und 30 Minuten und fuhr mit einer durchschnittlichen Geschwindigkeit von 110 km/h.
Ab 1974 wurde der Zuglauf des Edelweiss auf die Strecke von Brüssel bis Zürich verkürzt. Zugleich wurde auf der gleichen Strecke der TEE Iris eingeführt. Die Hoffnung, damit vor allem Abgeordnete und Mitarbeiter des Europaparlamentes auf ihren Fahrten zwischen Brüssel, Luxemburg und Straßburg als Fahrgäste zu gewinnen, erfüllte sich nicht. Beide Züge hatten rückläufige Fahrgastzahlen, so dass bereits bei der Europäischen Fahrplankonferenz 1977 vorgeschlagen wurde, beide Züge einzustellen bzw. in normale Schnellzüge umzuwandeln. Am 26. Mai 1979 wurde der Edelweiss eingestellt, seine Fahrplanlage übernahm ein normaler D-Zug. Anders als beim erst zwei Jahre später, 1981, in einen zweiklassigen D-Zug umgewandelten Iris wurde der Zugname Edelweiss nicht mehr für einen der ab 1987 eingeführten EuroCity-Züge verwendet.
Der Zug fuhr als TEE unter verschiedenen Nummern. Ab 1957 bis zum Sommerfahrplan 1971 fuhr er als TEE 30/31. Ab 23. Mai 1971 führte er die Nummern 90/91. Zugleich mit der Kürzung des Zuglaufs nach Brüssel ab 26. Mai 1974 verkehrte der Edelweiss schließlich bis zur Einstellung als TEE 90/93.
Fahrzeuge
Die CIWL setzte bis 1939 als Fahrzeuge ausschließlich ihre ab 1925 beschafften Pullmanwagen ein. Da diese mit Küche und Am-Platz-Service ausgestattet waren, gab es in der Regel keinen gesonderten Speisewagen und darüber hinaus nur Gepäckwagen. Als Tageszug führte der Edelweiss keine Schlafwagen mit. Im Regelfall bestand der Edelweiss aus mindestens vier Pullmanwagen in Form jeweils einer Couplage erster und zweiter Klasse sowie zwei Gepäckwagen.
Bespannt wurden die Züge in den Niederlanden, Belgien, Luxemburg und Frankreich mit Dampflokomotiven. Die NS setzte ihre Vierzylinder-2'C-Loks der NS-Baureihe 3700 ein, die belgische Staatsbahn die schweren Pacifics der NMBS/SNCB-Reihe 10. In Frankreich verwendete die AL ihre Pacifics der Reihe AL S 14. Gelegentlich kamen auch die zwei Exemplare der AL S 16 zum Einsatz, ebenfalls Pacific-Loks, allerdings keine Vierzylinder-Verbundmaschinen, sondern Zweizylinderloks. Die SBB in der Schweiz setzten E-Loks der Reihe Ae 4/7 ein, da die Strecke Basel–Zürich bereits seit 1 | [
14844,
2644,
21249,
1485,
16670,
305,
6867,
23391,
29889,
13,
13,
4330,
29923,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
29871,
13,
13,
29940,
496,
1261,
24149,
25686,
4084,
1092,
589,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
1620,
4226,
261,
1102,
18437,
19457,
29889,
19332,
1261,
5013,
275,
809,
5370,
14781,
371,
762,
25781,
29956,
29931,
5440,
2652,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29945,
29906,
349,
913,
1171,
23702,
29892,
762,
23667,
20869,
1470,
1729,
972,
4226,
264,
23628,
23702,
6867,
14900,
400,
5448,
29889,
13,
13,
15383,
22650,
589,
16501,
16442,
1679,
15254,
11121,
29892,
5845,
8668,
972,
20262,
261,
29892,
1364,
29880,
688,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29945,
29941,
762,
2694,
22269,
7265,
12793,
27334,
405,
6618,
267,
27568,
16347,
4087,
6065,
295,
509,
10789,
29920,
28978,
3764,
29889,
25174,
22820,
18693,
9018,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29945,
29955,
10136,
841,
762,
15254,
28758,
4566,
3741,
3146,
575,
313,
29940,
9486,
29903,
29914,
29903,
15868,
29933,
511,
589,
16501,
28328,
313,
3059,
511,
589,
8457,
3445,
27557,
10450,
313,
4051,
511,
22253,
29879,
313,
19296,
9207,
511,
739,
2606,
575,
313,
9998,
511,
23812,
2007,
29879,
313,
9207,
29931,
29897,
563,
589,
22703,
313,
1744,
29933,
29897,
762,
9372,
17067,
29923,
29899,
29999,
28978,
1011,
29889,
1640,
592,
8244,
8039,
796,
28978,
6183,
13945,
325,
22232,
335,
17369,
24698,
9231,
29556,
29892,
17665,
2939,
22734,
762,
29208,
7872,
29872,
29601,
4087,
1102,
18437,
29920,
28978,
29889,
13893,
25181,
19976,
2907,
589,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
29892,
589,
633,
29871,
29906,
29889,
7452,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29945,
29955,
1620,
17067,
29923,
1147,
10455,
371,
29889,
13,
13,
29943,
1276,
762,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29945,
29900,
23476,
553,
24698,
14844,
29879,
1005,
17399,
2644,
24931,
3856,
9618,
15085,
589,
17067,
29923,
2862,
29871,
29896,
29941,
24527,
10176,
2128,
5347,
1005,
29871,
29929,
624,
9784,
563,
29871,
29941,
29900,
3080,
6935,
563,
4084,
1092,
1380,
3422,
3494,
19564,
4057,
5009,
14800,
9918,
1005,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29900,
2383,
29914,
29882,
29889,
13,
13,
4920,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29955,
29946,
1931,
589,
24698,
14844,
553,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
1622,
762,
11738,
10055,
1005,
1771,
10673,
295,
2652,
24931,
13268,
1276,
2065,
29889,
24698,
8200,
1931,
1622,
589,
11849,
264,
11738,
10055,
589,
17067,
29923,
306,
3780,
6867,
1389,
26781,
29889,
1640,
22151,
9442,
29892,
14733,
3764,
11034,
1976,
20557,
29872,
563,
341,
3673,
915,
1524,
553,
6032,
481,
279,
12598,
267,
1622,
14566,
18205,
841,
7831,
1771,
10673,
295,
29892,
23812,
2007,
563,
7357,
30034,
3074,
1620,
18205,
29887,
29986,
1655,
1729,
5247,
10190,
29892,
23467,
10962,
371,
2160,
3072,
29889,
1522,
680,
796,
28978,
19459,
364,
3675,
23319,
1003,
29872,
18205,
29887,
579,
29920,
17165,
29892,
577,
5511,
13101,
2862,
589,
6032,
27334,
18205,
572,
804,
265,
571,
4666,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29955,
29955,
28669,
1968,
11541,
1931,
29892,
23847,
796,
28978,
15747,
504,
4919,
16591,
29889,
297,
6056,
744,
1102,
18437,
29920,
28978,
1922,
6951,
18622,
3478,
29889,
1913,
29871,
29906,
29953,
29889,
6868,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29955,
29929,
1931,
589,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
6867,
23391,
29892,
6676,
18205,
9018,
6184,
26046,
1011,
4226,
261,
360,
29899,
29999,
688,
29889,
19897,
1620,
10005,
9284,
7325,
7095,
9655,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29947,
29896,
29892,
297,
4596,
4753,
638,
605,
2101,
360,
29899,
29999,
688,
1922,
9396,
392,
295,
841,
306,
3780,
1931,
589,
24698,
978,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
3072,
5243,
1865,
4596,
589,
633,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29947,
29955,
6867,
1389,
4000,
841,
11652,
16885,
29899,
29999,
28978,
24435,
29889,
13,
13,
15383,
24698,
4084,
1092,
1620,
17067,
29923,
3662,
25176,
11848,
29885,
824,
29889,
1976,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29945,
29955,
2652,
3356,
22820,
18693,
9018,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29955,
29896,
4084,
1092,
604,
1620,
17067,
29923,
29871,
29941,
29900,
29914,
29941,
29896,
29889,
1976,
29871,
29906,
29941,
29889,
6868,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29955,
29896,
21070,
604,
762,
11848,
29885,
824,
29871,
29929,
29900,
29914,
29929,
29896,
29889,
24698,
8200,
1380,
589,
476,
1276,
16857,
553,
24698,
14844,
29879,
2644,
1771,
10673,
295,
633,
29871,
29906,
29953,
29889,
6868,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29955,
29946,
1147,
10455,
371,
589,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
25142,
2652,
3046,
382,
2611,
514,
686,
1620,
17067,
29923,
29871,
29929,
29900,
29914,
29929,
29941,
29889,
13,
13,
29943,
5610,
29471,
29871,
13,
13,
16334,
25781,
29956,
29931,
731,
8832,
2652,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29941,
29929,
1620,
18205,
29471,
1770,
14536,
1470,
9856,
633,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29906,
29945,
8702,
3470,
841,
349,
913,
1171,
23702,
1011,
29889,
7266,
10009,
1380,
19276,
1173,
563,
1913,
29899,
3247,
4101,
29899,
3170,
1770,
7118,
1131,
300,
6183,
29892,
11880,
831,
297,
589,
2169,
295,
1589,
7026,
6300,
8417,
841,
5013,
275,
809,
5370,
563,
5424,
12465,
28545,
5595,
402,
1022,
22429,
23702,
29889,
8320,
323,
1179,
19457,
21070,
589,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
13945,
1102,
433,
29888,
23702,
1380,
29889,
1954,
2169,
761,
497,
1900,
392,
589,
2155,
295,
705,
790,
1770,
3458,
342,
575,
8545,
349,
913,
1171,
23702,
297,
3812,
25003,
3422,
19565,
572,
482,
604,
2475,
563,
4753,
1524,
476,
14537,
6806,
7325,
402,
1022,
22429,
23702,
29889,
13,
13,
29933,
9983,
5805,
5448,
762,
796,
28978,
297,
972,
16501,
1049,
264,
29892,
9923,
819,
29892,
23812,
2007,
563,
22253,
1380,
360,
16817,
417,
7218,
327,
5428,
29889,
1640,
3865,
731,
8832,
9856,
23650,
1537,
29880,
4995,
29899,
29906,
29915,
29907,
29899,
29931,
12117,
589,
3865,
29899,
29933,
29874,
545,
18019,
29871,
29941,
29955,
29900,
29900,
1011,
29892,
762,
1339,
29887,
2010,
15254,
11121,
762,
27173,
264,
14328,
29879,
589,
405,
9486,
29903,
29914,
29903,
15868,
29933,
29899,
1123,
18019,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29889,
512,
22253,
9540,
355,
2650,
762,
14445,
9856,
14328,
29879,
589,
830,
18019,
14445,
317,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29889,
1879,
1397,
11280,
28587,
2907,
762,
7325,
1222,
3451,
8663,
589,
14445,
317,
29871,
29896,
29953,
3356,
23175,
29892,
17769,
14328,
29899,
29931,
12117,
29892,
22761,
13945,
23650,
1537,
29880,
4995,
29899,
6565,
16293,
8247,
305,
7026,
29892,
17665,
9647,
466,
2904,
4995,
417,
2039,
29889,
1640,
317,
14388,
297,
589,
22703,
731,
15079,
382,
29899,
29931,
12117,
589,
830,
18019,
319,
29872,
29871,
29946,
29914,
29955,
1011,
29892,
1146,
762,
11738,
10055,
4886,
295,
29994,
29999,
1276,
436,
13101,
8416,
29871,
29896
] | 1,024 | Wikipedia | -0.31536 | -0.062948 | 0.039569 | -0.928672 |
The basics of sociology / Kathy S. Stolley.
1. Sociology. 2. Sociology––History. 3. Sociologists––Biography.
4. Internet––Social aspects. 5. Sociology––Vocational guidance.
created, how they change, and how they impact our lives, opportunities, and options (Rebach and Bruhn 2001, 5).
it offer to wider society?
numbers of people. The focus can be as small as couples, or it can be much larger.
as those existing on the Internet are also included in sociological studies.
were trained in, or claim, other disciplines.
detail how to prepare for a career in sociology and career opportunities for sociologists. Each chapter concludes with a section that suggests additional resources (both print and online) for those interested in further information.
study what happens when these rules are broken.
shaping our lives in ways that often go unrecognized. Because of this perspective, sociologists will often say that, as individuals, we are social products.
sense of the world around us and better understand ourselves.
own roles in producing, perpetuating, and changing them.
world where media headlines are often accused of focusing on divisive issues.
groups. They look at how various groups shape, and are impacted, by society.
participate in shaping the future for ourselves and for others.
assortment of theories and methods that provide for accuracy in gathering, processing, and making sense of information.
sociologists conduct scientific research are discussed in chapter 10.
world-taken-for-granted', should stay away from sociology" (Berger 1963, 24).
these forces, we can better address them.
including relationships within church and family, in suicide (Durkheim 1966).
interacted with people who passed by during their activities.
Immanuel Kant; Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu; Thomas Hobbes; and Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
better attack social problems and bring about social change (Collins 1994, 42).
These scholars became the first sociologists.
he believed he could ascertain how best to change, and govern, society to address social problems such as poverty.
termed the positivistic, or scientific, stage.
change in which sociologists played crucial roles in guiding society.
capitalism and socialism. Additionally, the growth of cities and religious transformations were causing many changes in people's lives.
Durkheim advocated for educational reforms.
on their clients' behalf, an acknowledgment of the sociological position that social forces influence human behavior; to talk about "fighting the system" acknowledges that social structures exist and influence our lives (Babbie 1996).
and spoke out against lynching. W.E.B. Du Bois (1868–1963), profiled in chapter 7, was involved for most of a century in studying race and social activism.
Gunnar Myrdal's An American Dilemma (1944) focused public attention on race.
that had excluded almost all Macon County blacks from voting (Smith and Killian 1990, 113).
know about their lives and works shows some truly outstanding accomplishments. For example, Comte's Positive Philosophy (1896, orig. 1838) was translated into English by Harriet Martineau (1802–76), who is profiled below.
of these early sociologists were active in fighting for a number of social causes.
chapter 2) has increased our understanding of how race, class, and gender together all have social consequences in our world.
future studies (Bell 1997; Masini 2000; Shostak 2003).
field gold medalist Gail Devers also holds a sociology degree (Gail Devers).
have, and the training they receive is discussed in more detail in chapter 11.
outside of this social context.
requires examining the structure of society (Mills 1959).
about change and influence history.
1700s. In the early 1800s, history developed as an academic discipline. Psychology then grew out of medicine, philosophy, and pedagogy. Anthropology developed from | [
450,
2362,
1199,
310,
5374,
3002,
847,
19663,
29891,
317,
29889,
624,
324,
2330,
29889,
13,
29896,
29889,
5329,
3002,
29889,
29871,
29906,
29889,
5329,
3002,
29994,
29994,
20570,
29889,
29871,
29941,
29889,
5329,
1189,
2879,
29994,
29994,
20517,
5275,
29889,
13,
29946,
29889,
4685,
29994,
29994,
6295,
1455,
21420,
29889,
29871,
29945,
29889,
5329,
3002,
29994,
29994,
29963,
542,
1288,
27323,
29889,
13,
11600,
29892,
920,
896,
1735,
29892,
322,
920,
896,
10879,
1749,
12080,
29892,
28602,
1907,
29892,
322,
3987,
313,
29934,
774,
496,
322,
8135,
3123,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29896,
29892,
29871,
29945,
467,
13,
277,
5957,
304,
25734,
12459,
29973,
13,
20326,
310,
2305,
29889,
450,
8569,
508,
367,
408,
2319,
408,
3581,
2701,
29892,
470,
372,
508,
367,
1568,
7200,
29889,
13,
294,
1906,
5923,
373,
278,
4685,
526,
884,
5134,
297,
5374,
5996,
11898,
29889,
13,
29893,
406,
16370,
297,
29892,
470,
5995,
29892,
916,
17119,
1475,
29889,
13,
16432,
920,
304,
19012,
363,
263,
6413,
297,
5374,
3002,
322,
6413,
28602,
1907,
363,
5374,
1189,
2879,
29889,
7806,
16385,
378,
27722,
411,
263,
4004,
393,
14661,
5684,
7788,
313,
20313,
1596,
322,
7395,
29897,
363,
1906,
8852,
297,
4340,
2472,
29889,
13,
18082,
29891,
825,
5930,
746,
1438,
6865,
526,
9391,
29889,
13,
845,
21430,
1749,
12080,
297,
5837,
393,
4049,
748,
443,
29423,
1891,
29889,
7311,
310,
445,
18520,
29892,
5374,
1189,
2879,
674,
4049,
1827,
393,
29892,
408,
15724,
29892,
591,
526,
5264,
9316,
29889,
13,
29879,
1947,
310,
278,
3186,
2820,
502,
322,
2253,
2274,
20278,
29889,
13,
776,
16178,
297,
20811,
29892,
25722,
29884,
1218,
29892,
322,
6480,
963,
29889,
13,
11526,
988,
5745,
2343,
9012,
526,
4049,
28886,
310,
12789,
4746,
373,
8572,
573,
5626,
29889,
13,
13155,
29889,
2688,
1106,
472,
920,
5164,
6471,
8267,
29892,
322,
526,
10879,
287,
29892,
491,
12459,
29889,
13,
1595,
12654,
403,
297,
528,
21430,
278,
5434,
363,
20278,
322,
363,
4045,
29889,
13,
465,
441,
358,
310,
25841,
322,
3519,
393,
3867,
363,
13600,
297,
11705,
292,
29892,
9068,
29892,
322,
3907,
4060,
310,
2472,
29889,
13,
2839,
1189,
2879,
7512,
16021,
5925,
526,
15648,
297,
16385,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29889,
13,
11526,
29899,
29873,
9424,
29899,
1454,
29899,
629,
9714,
742,
881,
7952,
3448,
515,
5374,
3002,
29908,
313,
17104,
914,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29953,
29941,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29946,
467,
13,
386,
968,
8249,
29892,
591,
508,
2253,
3211,
963,
29889,
13,
18271,
21702,
2629,
6586,
322,
3942,
29892,
297,
23921,
680,
313,
29928,
29641,
6391,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29953,
29953,
467,
13,
1639,
627,
287,
411,
2305,
1058,
4502,
491,
2645,
1009,
14188,
29889,
13,
1888,
22670,
24517,
29936,
5322,
29899,
25216,
316,
6440,
271,
29892,
15991,
316,
997,
1771,
14785,
634,
316,
4526,
267,
339,
9532,
29936,
5569,
25302,
5707,
29936,
322,
4581,
29899,
24288,
1912,
390,
681,
14654,
29889,
13,
6878,
357,
5337,
5264,
4828,
322,
6963,
1048,
5264,
1735,
313,
28377,
1144,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29929,
29946,
29892,
29871,
29946,
29906,
467,
13,
1349,
968,
1364,
324,
1503,
3897,
278,
937,
5374,
1189,
2879,
29889,
13,
354,
13112,
540,
1033,
408,
14082,
920,
1900,
304,
1735,
29892,
322,
4095,
29892,
12459,
304,
3211,
5264,
4828,
1316,
408,
25273,
1017,
29889,
13,
357,
2168,
278,
13686,
440,
4695,
29892,
470,
16021,
29892,
7408,
29889,
13,
3167,
297,
607,
5374,
1189,
2879,
5318,
7618,
1455,
16178,
297,
1410,
4821,
12459,
29889,
13,
5030,
2410,
1608,
322,
5264,
1608,
29889,
19814,
29892,
278,
14321,
310,
14368,
322,
12962,
29304,
892,
10805,
1784,
3620,
297,
2305,
29915,
29879,
12080,
29889,
13,
29928,
29641,
6391,
22545,
630,
363,
28976,
337,
9514,
29889,
13,
265,
1009,
13154,
29915,
2306,
3131,
29892,
385,
24084,
19422,
310,
278,
5374,
5996,
2602,
393,
5264,
8249,
9949,
5199,
6030,
29936,
304,
5193,
1048,
376,
29888,
523,
292,
278,
1788,
29908,
24084,
2710,
393,
5264,
12286,
1863,
322,
9949,
1749,
12080,
313,
29933,
8846,
347,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29929,
29953,
467,
13,
392,
12707,
714,
2750,
301,
948,
305,
292,
29889,
399,
29889,
29923,
29889,
29933,
29889,
5334,
1952,
275,
313,
29896,
29947,
29953,
29947,
29994,
29896,
29929,
29953,
29941,
511,
8722,
29881,
297,
16385,
29871,
29955,
29892,
471,
9701,
363,
1556,
310,
263,
6462,
297,
23382,
8175,
322,
5264,
5039,
1608,
29889,
13,
29954,
5963,
279,
1619,
5499,
284,
29915,
29879,
530,
3082,
360,
488,
29885,
655,
313,
29896,
29929,
29946,
29946,
29897,
21309,
970,
8570,
373,
8175,
29889,
13,
5747,
750,
429,
13347,
4359,
599,
3219,
535,
5127,
4628,
29879,
515,
28931,
313,
29209,
322,
29021,
713,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29929,
29900,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29941,
467,
13,
28385,
1048,
1009,
12080,
322,
1736,
3697,
777,
19781,
714,
11235,
12709,
1860,
29889,
1152,
1342,
29892,
422,
371,
29915,
29879,
10321,
3321,
16407,
29891,
313,
29896,
29947,
29929,
29953,
29892,
1677,
29889,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29941,
29947,
29897,
471,
20512,
964,
4223,
491,
3536,
374,
300,
3760,
457,
585,
313,
29896,
29947,
29900,
29906,
29994,
29955,
29953,
511,
1058,
338,
8722,
29881,
2400,
29889,
13,
974,
1438,
4688,
5374,
1189,
2879,
892,
6136,
297,
17770,
363,
263,
1353,
310,
5264,
9946,
29889,
13,
27349,
29871,
29906,
29897,
756,
11664,
1749,
8004,
310,
920,
8175,
29892,
770,
29892,
322,
23346,
4208,
599,
505,
5264,
27721,
297,
1749,
3186,
29889,
13,
29888,
9130,
11898,
313,
29933,
514,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29929,
29955,
29936,
8622,
2172,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29900,
29936,
1383,
520,
557,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29941,
467,
13,
2671,
7684,
12807,
391,
402,
737,
897,
874,
884,
8640,
263,
5374,
3002,
7426,
313,
29954,
737,
897,
874,
467,
13,
17532,
29892,
322,
278,
6694,
896,
7150,
338,
15648,
297,
901,
9493,
297,
16385,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29889,
13,
449,
2975,
310,
445,
5264,
3030,
29889,
13,
276,
339,
2658,
4392,
2827,
278,
3829,
310,
12459,
313,
29924,
6090,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29945,
29929,
467,
13,
12717,
1735,
322,
9949,
4955,
29889,
13,
29896,
29955,
29900,
29900,
29879,
29889,
512,
278,
4688,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29900,
29900,
29879,
29892,
4955,
8906,
408,
385,
21567,
29822,
29889,
16777,
3002,
769,
13631,
714,
310,
26602,
29892,
22237,
29892,
322,
8939,
351,
6933,
29889,
10926,
1336,
3002,
8906,
515
] | 1,024 | C4 | 0.151381 | 0.729999 | 0.942457 | 2.055172 |
the European discoveries of the Americas, Africa, and Asia.
outside of academics (Collins 1994, 30–32).
Simmel (1858–1918), profiled in chapter 5, was a philosopher. Even today, sociologists come to the discipline from varying backgrounds, such as Andrew M.
Greeley (1928–), a Catholic priest turned sociologist profiled in chapter 10.
of these schools had established sociology departments (Bloom 2002, 25–37).
Sociology was also growing in Germany and France during this period.
discipline in Europe suffered great setbacks as a result of World Wars I and II.
theory and research for many years.
disciplines. Sociologists have, likewise, adopted concepts from other disciplines.
focus on interaction and social influence of sociology.
the world a smaller place, at least in a social sense.
They often argue that a process of globalization is at work. With globalization, geographical constraints on social and cultural patterns are diminishing, and people are becoming increasingly aware of those changes (M.
more detail in chapter 7.
steadily growing, and a range of diverse perspectives abound. Debates even surround when the process began. The dawn of history? Trade routes centuries ago?
is also a matter of contention (e.g., Barber 1996; Guillen 2001; Gros 2003).
known for his work on globalization, is profiled below.
life" as a business tool and only later became a tool for other types of social interaction (Fischer 1992).
308). Sociologists have now expanded their interests to include the myriad online social activities and behaviors to which these technologies have given rise.
The following chapters give attention to these areas.
usual behavior was "insubordinate and insolent behavior toward the school authorities," and he was constantly revolting against authority (Coser 1977, 15).
eventually losing that position after criticizing the institution.
developing intellectual differences. The rift between the two men was never repaired (Coser 1977, 15).
and comparison (Coser 1977, 5).
touch with scientific and intellectual developments.
tinued to suffer from mental problems throughout his life. Comte died in 1857.
a lessening of tradition in our everyday lives is a third important and consequential change that should interest sociologists (Giddens, "An Interview").
study sociology, Giddens says, "Sociology is a genuinely enlightening subject.
BBC Reith Lecturer, his lectures were published as Runaway World: How Globalization Is Reshaping Our Lives (2000).
He wrote a lengthy history of world that laid groundwork for sociology.
"more positivistic than Durkheim" (Gellner 1975, 203).
Ahmed 2002). Today, the Ibn Khaldun Center for Development (ICDS), an independent applied-social-science research institution in Egypt that applies social science perspectives to serve Egypt and Arab development, bears his name.
"Mother of Sociology" and the first female sociologist. She is perhaps most remembered for translating Auguste Comte's Positive Philosophy (1896, orig.
took on some of her ideas about rights (Healy 1972, 65).
was never, however, allowed to pursue a university education.
sociological analysis of the issues of slavery abolition, race, and women's rights.
of modern sociologists (Lengermann and Niebrugge-Brantley 1998, 239).
with women, married three times, and fathered a child during each marriage.
went to the University of Wisconsin to obtain his doctorate.
ever being formally approved" (1983, 53).
just to other sociologists, and he writes about them in a way to further our understanding" ("Sociology of C. Wright Mills").
(1960), a comment on the Cuban Revolution and U.S.–Latin American relations.
He died in his sleep of a heart attack, his fourth, when he was only 45 years old.
Albion Woodbury Small | [
278,
7824,
6523,
583,
310,
278,
2163,
5070,
29892,
10557,
29892,
322,
14325,
29889,
13,
449,
2975,
310,
16274,
1199,
313,
28377,
1144,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29929,
29946,
29892,
29871,
29941,
29900,
29994,
29941,
29906,
467,
13,
29903,
6727,
295,
313,
29896,
29947,
29945,
29947,
29994,
29896,
29929,
29896,
29947,
511,
8722,
29881,
297,
16385,
29871,
29945,
29892,
471,
263,
8578,
359,
13434,
29889,
7753,
9826,
29892,
5374,
1189,
2879,
2041,
304,
278,
29822,
515,
24099,
3239,
29879,
29892,
1316,
408,
11571,
341,
29889,
13,
29954,
929,
2330,
313,
29896,
29929,
29906,
29947,
29994,
511,
263,
11865,
18781,
6077,
5374,
19915,
8722,
29881,
297,
16385,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29889,
13,
974,
1438,
12462,
750,
7841,
5374,
3002,
5840,
1860,
313,
29933,
417,
290,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29906,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29945,
29994,
29941,
29955,
467,
13,
6295,
455,
3002,
471,
884,
15678,
297,
9556,
322,
3444,
2645,
445,
3785,
29889,
13,
2218,
13326,
457,
297,
4092,
17654,
2107,
731,
1627,
29879,
408,
263,
1121,
310,
2787,
9149,
306,
322,
1944,
29889,
13,
14138,
322,
5925,
363,
1784,
2440,
29889,
13,
2218,
13326,
1475,
29889,
5329,
1189,
2879,
505,
29892,
763,
3538,
29892,
16356,
22001,
515,
916,
17119,
1475,
29889,
13,
18037,
373,
14881,
322,
5264,
9949,
310,
5374,
3002,
29889,
13,
1552,
3186,
263,
7968,
2058,
29892,
472,
3203,
297,
263,
5264,
4060,
29889,
13,
15597,
4049,
27754,
393,
263,
1889,
310,
5534,
2133,
338,
472,
664,
29889,
2973,
5534,
2133,
29892,
1737,
19711,
11938,
373,
5264,
322,
16375,
15038,
526,
22964,
14424,
29892,
322,
2305,
526,
14171,
10231,
368,
9543,
310,
1906,
3620,
313,
29924,
29889,
13,
5514,
9493,
297,
16385,
29871,
29955,
29889,
13,
303,
1479,
2354,
15678,
29892,
322,
263,
3464,
310,
16984,
3736,
1103,
3145,
633,
618,
29889,
7089,
1078,
1584,
8388,
618,
746,
278,
1889,
4689,
29889,
450,
27470,
310,
4955,
29973,
27226,
12049,
21726,
8020,
29973,
13,
275,
884,
263,
4383,
310,
640,
2509,
313,
29872,
29889,
29887,
1696,
2261,
495,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29929,
29953,
29936,
2088,
453,
264,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29896,
29936,
28006,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29941,
467,
13,
5203,
363,
670,
664,
373,
5534,
2133,
29892,
338,
8722,
29881,
2400,
29889,
13,
19264,
29908,
408,
263,
5381,
5780,
322,
871,
2678,
3897,
263,
5780,
363,
916,
4072,
310,
5264,
14881,
313,
29943,
3208,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29929,
29906,
467,
13,
29941,
29900,
29947,
467,
5329,
1189,
2879,
505,
1286,
17832,
1009,
20017,
304,
3160,
278,
590,
374,
328,
7395,
5264,
14188,
322,
4010,
18930,
304,
607,
1438,
5722,
11763,
505,
2183,
14451,
29889,
13,
1576,
1494,
10708,
2153,
2367,
8570,
304,
1438,
10161,
29889,
13,
375,
950,
6030,
471,
376,
1144,
431,
16065,
322,
1663,
324,
296,
6030,
11183,
278,
3762,
21142,
1699,
322,
540,
471,
21003,
13819,
1259,
2750,
14329,
313,
29907,
22969,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29955,
29955,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29945,
467,
13,
3696,
1474,
19035,
393,
2602,
1156,
11164,
5281,
278,
12666,
29889,
13,
4888,
292,
29762,
12651,
29889,
450,
364,
2027,
1546,
278,
1023,
1757,
471,
2360,
1634,
29874,
2859,
313,
29907,
22969,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29955,
29955,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29945,
467,
13,
392,
10230,
313,
29907,
22969,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29955,
29955,
29892,
29871,
29945,
467,
13,
16747,
411,
16021,
322,
29762,
2693,
1860,
29889,
13,
29873,
262,
6742,
304,
8812,
515,
19119,
4828,
10106,
670,
2834,
29889,
422,
371,
6423,
297,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29945,
29955,
29889,
13,
29874,
3109,
8333,
310,
11399,
297,
1749,
1432,
3250,
12080,
338,
263,
4654,
4100,
322,
14161,
2556,
1735,
393,
881,
4066,
5374,
1189,
2879,
313,
29954,
2205,
575,
29892,
376,
2744,
4124,
1493,
2564,
13,
18082,
29891,
5374,
3002,
29892,
402,
2205,
575,
4083,
29892,
376,
6295,
455,
3002,
338,
263,
29120,
262,
873,
427,
4366,
8333,
4967,
29889,
13,
29933,
5371,
830,
389,
365,
522,
9945,
29892,
670,
13081,
1973,
892,
6369,
408,
7525,
21694,
2787,
29901,
1128,
12002,
2133,
1317,
2538,
29882,
21430,
8680,
365,
3145,
313,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29900,
467,
13,
3868,
5456,
263,
3309,
29891,
4955,
310,
3186,
393,
12341,
5962,
1287,
363,
5374,
3002,
29889,
13,
29908,
5514,
13686,
440,
4695,
1135,
7073,
29895,
6391,
29908,
313,
29954,
514,
1089,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29955,
29945,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29941,
467,
13,
17565,
2168,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29906,
467,
20628,
29892,
278,
306,
11197,
12217,
2741,
348,
7817,
363,
14650,
313,
2965,
8452,
511,
385,
7417,
7436,
29899,
24911,
29899,
29879,
15277,
5925,
12666,
297,
12892,
393,
16058,
5264,
10466,
3736,
1103,
3145,
304,
9080,
12892,
322,
10387,
5849,
29892,
367,
1503,
670,
1024,
29889,
13,
29908,
29924,
1228,
310,
5329,
3002,
29908,
322,
278,
937,
12944,
5374,
19915,
29889,
2296,
338,
6060,
1556,
21832,
363,
5578,
1218,
3111,
29872,
422,
371,
29915,
29879,
10321,
3321,
16407,
29891,
313,
29896,
29947,
29929,
29953,
29892,
1677,
29889,
13,
517,
554,
373,
777,
310,
902,
7014,
1048,
10462,
313,
3868,
14997,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29955,
29906,
29892,
29871,
29953,
29945,
467,
13,
11102,
2360,
29892,
3138,
29892,
6068,
304,
12359,
434,
263,
16372,
9793,
29889,
13,
2839,
5996,
7418,
310,
278,
5626,
310,
8370,
1201,
25198,
654,
29892,
8175,
29892,
322,
5866,
29915,
29879,
10462,
29889,
13,
974,
5400,
5374,
1189,
2879,
313,
29931,
996,
20648,
322,
405,
10789,
11124,
479,
29899,
12432,
424,
2330,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29929,
29947,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29941,
29929,
467,
13,
2541,
5866,
29892,
8300,
2211,
3064,
29892,
322,
4783,
287,
263,
2278,
2645,
1269,
13718,
29889,
13,
29893,
296,
304,
278,
3014,
310,
22581,
304,
4017,
670,
11619,
403,
29889,
13,
1310,
1641,
28269,
23454,
29908,
313,
29896,
29929,
29947,
29941,
29892,
29871,
29945,
29941,
467,
13,
5143,
304,
916,
5374,
1189,
2879,
29892,
322,
540,
15873,
1048,
963,
297,
263,
982,
304,
4340,
1749,
8004,
29908,
4852,
6295,
455,
3002,
310,
315,
29889,
22927,
341,
6090,
2564,
13,
29898,
29896,
29929,
29953,
29900,
511,
263,
3440,
373,
278,
28618,
273,
14595,
322,
501,
29889,
29903,
29889,
29994,
13992,
262,
3082,
5302,
29889,
13,
3868,
6423,
297,
670,
8709,
310,
263,
5192,
5337,
29892,
670,
11582,
29892,
746,
540,
471,
871,
29871,
29946,
29945,
2440,
2030,
29889,
13,
2499,
29890,
291,
10180,
11059,
18285
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.043908 | 0.519757 | 0.517463 | 0.896545 |
(1854–1926) was born in Buckfield, Maine.
becoming president of the school.
for even the most well-known professors elsewhere.
American Sociological Association) and was elected a member of the International Institute of Sociology in 1913 (Bannister 1987, 33; Hayes 1927, 160).
friendly, warm, indulgent; as a person, ethical, spiritual" (Becker 1971, 3–4).
hallmarks of her sociology" (Lengermann and Niebrugge-Brantley 1998, 151).
She attended Rust College until her parents' death from yellow fever in 1876 required that she go to work to support her five younger siblings.
it was lost on appeal.
including a neighborhood center and the first kindergarten in a black neighborhood. She was also a suffragist.
It was lynching, however, that became Wells-Barnett's lifelong cause.
opportunities, a public-speaking career, an opportunity to take her cause internationally, and an eventual move to Chicago.
was placed on a 1990 U.S. postage stamp.
evolving, contemporary issues in sociology.
professional sociologists, students, and the public.
is, the sociological quest to understand society, and the unique contribution sociologists can make to shaping the world.
Collins, Randall. 1992. Sociological Insight: An Introduction to Non-Obvious Sociology.
sociological concepts and explains what is unique about a sociological perspective.
online refereed journal that publishes a broad range of sociological works.
International Sociological Association (ISA). http://www.ucm.es/info/isa/. This organization has members who are sociologists and social scientists from around the world.
an excellent resource for online information.
~mkearl/index.html. Michael C. Kearl at Trinity University provides an interesting and informative online "tour" exercising the sociological imagination.
Press. This book critiques sociological thinking and shows the ways that our personal lives are inevitably linked with social issues.
Steele, Stephen F., AnneMarie Scarisbrick-Hauser, and William J. Hauser. 1999.
Solution-Centered Sociology: Addressing Problems through Applied Sociology.
Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage. This book shows how to apply a range of sociological tools to solve real-life problems.
births, deaths, and publications of many influential sociologists (and others).
There are also links to additional online information for some entries and a calendar that allows users to see what happened in sociological history, by date.
how and why a set of facts relates to each other. In sociology, theories help us understand how social phenomena relate to each other.
ways to address the things that need improvement.
Sociologists use scientific research methods to test these theories. Theories can then be refined or rejected after they are evaluated. Chapter 10 discusses how sociologists do research in more detail.
the body. Based on his theory, treatments were designed to rebalance these humors (e.g., cool someone with a heat-related illness). This remained the dominant theory for centuries.
however, tend to be interpreted according to the prevailing paradigm of the time.
society changes as a result of these relationships.
There is no clearly identifiable date when sociological theory began.
what we today call sociology (Ritzer 1988, 4).
tackling any problems they identify. Two of the major paradigms, the structuralfunctionalist and the social-conflict perspective, take a macro perspective on society. The third perspective, symbolic-interactionism, takes a micro perspective.
regulated, the various parts of society (the economy, the polity, health care, education, etc.) work together to keep the entire society functioning and regulated.
Spencer also saw similarities in the way physical bodies and societies evolve.
attributed to evolutionary biologist Charles Darwin.
back to a state of equilibrium (Wallace and Wolf 1999, 18). Any changes in society occur in structured, evolutionary ways.
(1964b) saw this system of social facts as making up the structure of society | [
313,
29896,
29947,
29945,
29946,
29994,
29896,
29929,
29906,
29953,
29897,
471,
6345,
297,
16281,
2671,
29892,
26160,
29889,
13,
915,
11506,
6673,
310,
278,
3762,
29889,
13,
1454,
1584,
278,
1556,
1532,
29899,
5203,
25718,
943,
17551,
29889,
13,
14689,
5329,
5996,
7993,
29897,
322,
471,
11467,
263,
4509,
310,
278,
4623,
8907,
310,
5329,
3002,
297,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29896,
29941,
313,
29933,
812,
1531,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29947,
29955,
29892,
29871,
29941,
29941,
29936,
11389,
267,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29906,
29955,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29953,
29900,
467,
13,
18326,
368,
29892,
14294,
29892,
29156,
5362,
29936,
408,
263,
2022,
29892,
11314,
936,
29892,
20954,
29908,
313,
3629,
4937,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29955,
29896,
29892,
29871,
29941,
29994,
29946,
467,
13,
27090,
22848,
310,
902,
5374,
3002,
29908,
313,
29931,
996,
20648,
322,
405,
10789,
11124,
479,
29899,
12432,
424,
2330,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29929,
29947,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29896,
467,
13,
13468,
14283,
390,
504,
6346,
2745,
902,
11825,
29915,
4892,
515,
13328,
1238,
369,
297,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29955,
29953,
3734,
393,
1183,
748,
304,
664,
304,
2304,
902,
5320,
20023,
27767,
18964,
29889,
13,
277,
471,
5714,
373,
25530,
29889,
13,
18271,
263,
18403,
4818,
322,
278,
937,
2924,
15064,
8109,
297,
263,
4628,
18403,
29889,
2296,
471,
884,
263,
9378,
1431,
391,
29889,
13,
3112,
471,
301,
948,
305,
292,
29892,
3138,
29892,
393,
3897,
5674,
29879,
29899,
4297,
20764,
29915,
29879,
11747,
295,
549,
4556,
29889,
13,
29877,
3016,
348,
1907,
29892,
263,
970,
29899,
5965,
5086,
6413,
29892,
385,
15130,
304,
2125,
902,
4556,
2836,
362,
635,
29892,
322,
385,
1741,
950,
4337,
304,
10059,
29889,
13,
11102,
7180,
373,
263,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29929,
29900,
501,
29889,
29903,
29889,
1400,
482,
25214,
29889,
13,
29872,
1555,
1747,
29892,
24952,
5626,
297,
5374,
3002,
29889,
13,
23221,
15750,
5374,
1189,
2879,
29892,
8041,
29892,
322,
278,
970,
29889,
13,
275,
29892,
278,
5374,
5996,
21126,
304,
2274,
12459,
29892,
322,
278,
5412,
11896,
5374,
1189,
2879,
508,
1207,
304,
528,
21430,
278,
3186,
29889,
13,
28377,
1144,
29892,
17468,
497,
29889,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29929,
29906,
29889,
5329,
5996,
13377,
523,
29901,
530,
27576,
304,
10050,
29899,
6039,
2366,
5329,
3002,
29889,
13,
2839,
5996,
22001,
322,
18568,
825,
338,
5412,
1048,
263,
5374,
5996,
18520,
29889,
13,
14627,
2143,
406,
287,
8955,
393,
9805,
267,
263,
7300,
3464,
310,
5374,
5996,
1736,
29889,
13,
17579,
1288,
5329,
5996,
7993,
313,
3235,
29909,
467,
1732,
597,
1636,
29889,
1682,
29885,
29889,
267,
29914,
3888,
29914,
8069,
6294,
910,
13013,
756,
5144,
1058,
526,
5374,
1189,
2879,
322,
5264,
9638,
2879,
515,
2820,
278,
3186,
29889,
13,
273,
15129,
6503,
363,
7395,
2472,
29889,
13,
30022,
29885,
446,
279,
29880,
29914,
2248,
29889,
1420,
29889,
5765,
315,
29889,
476,
799,
29880,
472,
1605,
13593,
3014,
8128,
385,
8031,
322,
1871,
1230,
7395,
376,
29873,
473,
29908,
24472,
3476,
292,
278,
5374,
5996,
28038,
29889,
13,
10923,
29889,
910,
3143,
3994,
3783,
5374,
5996,
7291,
322,
3697,
278,
5837,
393,
1749,
7333,
12080,
526,
297,
5750,
277,
2197,
9024,
411,
5264,
5626,
29889,
13,
7789,
6146,
29892,
14317,
383,
1696,
10558,
23572,
2522,
12260,
1182,
860,
29899,
29950,
1485,
261,
29892,
322,
4667,
435,
29889,
10727,
261,
29889,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29929,
29929,
29889,
13,
13296,
918,
29899,
13409,
287,
5329,
3002,
29901,
16428,
292,
11583,
29879,
1549,
2401,
2957,
5329,
3002,
29889,
13,
1349,
681,
392,
438,
10327,
29892,
3037,
361,
4898,
317,
482,
29889,
910,
3143,
3697,
920,
304,
3394,
263,
3464,
310,
5374,
5996,
8492,
304,
4505,
1855,
29899,
19264,
4828,
29889,
13,
29890,
7515,
29879,
29892,
4892,
29879,
29892,
322,
25964,
310,
1784,
7112,
2556,
5374,
1189,
2879,
313,
392,
4045,
467,
13,
8439,
526,
884,
2988,
304,
5684,
7395,
2472,
363,
777,
9976,
322,
263,
17684,
393,
6511,
4160,
304,
1074,
825,
9559,
297,
5374,
5996,
4955,
29892,
491,
2635,
29889,
13,
3525,
322,
2020,
263,
731,
310,
17099,
1104,
1078,
304,
1269,
916,
29889,
512,
5374,
3002,
29892,
25841,
1371,
502,
2274,
920,
5264,
17292,
28342,
29279,
304,
1269,
916,
29889,
13,
1994,
304,
3211,
278,
2712,
393,
817,
20414,
29889,
13,
6295,
455,
1189,
2879,
671,
16021,
5925,
3519,
304,
1243,
1438,
25841,
29889,
450,
3842,
508,
769,
367,
2143,
1312,
470,
22225,
1156,
896,
526,
19030,
29889,
23040,
29871,
29896,
29900,
5353,
267,
920,
5374,
1189,
2879,
437,
5925,
297,
901,
9493,
29889,
13,
1552,
3573,
29889,
16564,
373,
670,
6368,
29892,
7539,
1860,
892,
8688,
304,
337,
5521,
749,
1438,
3165,
943,
313,
29872,
29889,
29887,
1696,
12528,
4856,
411,
263,
12871,
29899,
12817,
4486,
2264,
467,
910,
9488,
278,
28526,
6368,
363,
21726,
29889,
13,
3525,
1310,
29892,
10331,
304,
367,
21551,
5034,
304,
278,
12379,
737,
292,
26811,
335,
29885,
310,
278,
931,
29889,
13,
2839,
3305,
3620,
408,
263,
1121,
310,
1438,
21702,
29889,
13,
8439,
338,
694,
9436,
2893,
28677,
2635,
746,
5374,
5996,
6368,
4689,
29889,
13,
5816,
591,
9826,
1246,
5374,
3002,
313,
29934,
13510,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29947,
29947,
29892,
29871,
29946,
467,
13,
29873,
547,
1847,
738,
4828,
896,
12439,
29889,
7803,
310,
278,
4655,
26811,
335,
1516,
29892,
278,
2281,
3631,
2220,
284,
391,
322,
278,
5264,
29899,
5527,
29176,
18520,
29892,
2125,
263,
11758,
18520,
373,
12459,
29889,
450,
4654,
18520,
29892,
5829,
293,
29899,
1639,
2467,
1608,
29892,
4893,
263,
9200,
18520,
29889,
13,
1727,
7964,
29892,
278,
5164,
5633,
310,
12459,
313,
1552,
26504,
29892,
278,
24694,
29892,
9045,
2562,
29892,
9793,
29892,
2992,
1846,
664,
4208,
304,
3013,
278,
4152,
12459,
740,
292,
322,
1072,
7964,
29889,
13,
29903,
2238,
2265,
884,
4446,
2788,
1907,
297,
278,
982,
9128,
17873,
322,
5374,
20850,
15220,
345,
29889,
13,
1131,
7541,
304,
14675,
653,
4768,
19915,
5322,
7335,
5080,
29889,
13,
1627,
304,
263,
2106,
310,
26440,
313,
29956,
284,
1265,
322,
10441,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29929,
29929,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29947,
467,
3139,
3620,
297,
12459,
6403,
297,
2281,
2955,
29892,
14675,
653,
5837,
29889,
13,
29898,
29896,
29929,
29953,
29946,
29890,
29897,
4446,
445,
1788,
310,
5264,
17099,
408,
3907,
701,
278,
3829,
310,
12459
] | 1,024 | C4 | 0.000074 | 0.44189 | 0.781066 | 1.680769 |
Canadiens vs Blue Jackets recap: From bad to worse
The Canadiens fell apart in their game against the Blue Jackets, who - in case you forgot - are the worst team in the league.
By Liam McKenna@liam_mckenna Jan 26, 2016, 8:00am EST
Share All sharing options for: Canadiens vs Blue Jackets recap: From bad to worse
Greek myth tells of Sisyphus, a man doomed for eternity to roll a giant boulder up a hill only to have it fall just before he reaches the top. The sensation of failure when success seems to be within reach is certainly a familiar one for fans of the Canadiens of late.
Image Credit: HockeyStats.ca
The Habs came off a win on Saturday (albeit by the slimmest of margins), and pessimists might have felt that the Canadiens' luck was bound to falter even after one meagre win.
Montreal pressed hard out of the gate, were the beneficiaries of an early 5-on-3, and Brendan Gallagher put the puck off a defender and past Joonas Korpisalo to open the scoring.
Montreal would continue to press on the powerplay to no effect, though Lars Eller had a tremendous opportunity to build the lead when he put a shot off the post moments later.
When Cam Atkinson tied things up on yet another broken Montreal breakout, Montreal began to retreat and started to look like the fragile team fans have come to know over the past two months. Shot attempts for the remainder of the period were dominated by the Blue Jackets, as the home team pressed for the lead.
I like Mike Condon. I really do. But as much as his inability to make the big save was obvious, he allowed quite the softie in the second. Granted, Montreal was unable to clear the zone, but the whimpering backhand from Cam Atkinson beat Condon with remarkable ease. That's a ball hockey goal.
The Habs have sorely needed to get some luck as of late, and haven't gotten much help at all in the injury department. During the first it looked like several players went down with injuries, most notably Daniel Carr. He took a very awkward fall into the boards, left the game, and would not return
Then, something crazy happened. P.K. Subban wired a shot from centre that miraculously beat Korpisalo, tying the game. it was the kind of play that Montreal has needed for ages, and it somehow ended in a Columbus power play. Subban appeared to take a chirp from Brandon Dubinsky, shoved him, and was promptly handed a ridiculous unsportsmanlike conduct penalty.
Little shoves like that happen dozens of times during every hockey game you'll ever watch, and they very rarely draw penalties. No, it wasn't necessarily a smart move by Subban, but it was a terrible call, and serves to illustrate the horrible luck the Habs have had to go along with their lacklustre play.
Though they entered the third tied, there is not much you can do when your team is seemingly cursed. A point shot bounced off defenseman Jeff Petry and to a wide open Brandon Saad, who made no mistake sliding the puck past a helpless Condon.
Columbus would then play a thick neutral zone, slowing the game to an oozy pace. Saad would add an empty netter, and then Cam Atkinson would finish a 3-on-1 for a hat trick after Condon had been sent back out. The game would end 5-2, and a month ago I would have said the Habs deserved better, but by this point the line feels tired.
Lars Eller's strong play continued, as the Dane has thrived since being moved back to centre. The Canadiens controlled 68.42% of even-strength shot attempts when he was on the ice, despite starting only 33.33% of his shifts in the offensive zone. If there was a silver lining last night, it was definitely Eller.
The goalies at both ends were okay. Condon made a few big stops, but let in a softie, and timing remains an issue. Korpisalo recovered to play a solid if unspectacular game. For Columbus, a cellar-dwelling team who can barely see the playoffs from their position, this isn't a major bone | [
9145,
11689,
7186,
10924,
5457,
1691,
1162,
481,
29901,
3645,
4319,
304,
15029,
13,
1576,
9145,
11689,
8379,
12435,
297,
1009,
3748,
2750,
278,
10924,
5457,
1691,
29892,
1058,
448,
297,
1206,
366,
9640,
448,
526,
278,
17322,
3815,
297,
278,
13225,
29889,
13,
2059,
2718,
314,
24053,
264,
1056,
29992,
492,
314,
29918,
29885,
8916,
1056,
2627,
29871,
29906,
29953,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29953,
29892,
29871,
29947,
29901,
29900,
29900,
314,
382,
1254,
13,
2713,
598,
2178,
19383,
3987,
363,
29901,
9145,
11689,
7186,
10924,
5457,
1691,
1162,
481,
29901,
3645,
4319,
304,
15029,
13,
29954,
7285,
22082,
10603,
310,
317,
13344,
561,
375,
29892,
263,
767,
437,
27067,
363,
634,
824,
537,
304,
9679,
263,
28396,
289,
483,
261,
701,
263,
17306,
871,
304,
505,
372,
6416,
925,
1434,
540,
22170,
278,
2246,
29889,
450,
4771,
362,
310,
10672,
746,
2551,
2444,
304,
367,
2629,
6159,
338,
8959,
263,
9985,
697,
363,
24909,
310,
278,
9145,
11689,
310,
5683,
29889,
13,
2940,
24596,
277,
29901,
19993,
25060,
29889,
1113,
13,
1576,
379,
6897,
2996,
1283,
263,
5401,
373,
24211,
313,
284,
6205,
491,
278,
2243,
6727,
342,
310,
15276,
1144,
511,
322,
282,
404,
326,
2879,
1795,
505,
7091,
393,
278,
9145,
11689,
29915,
9885,
471,
3216,
304,
11092,
357,
1584,
1156,
697,
592,
351,
276,
5401,
29889,
13,
24665,
6370,
15385,
2898,
714,
310,
278,
12417,
29892,
892,
278,
7795,
1654,
4314,
310,
385,
4688,
29871,
29945,
29899,
265,
29899,
29941,
29892,
322,
1771,
355,
273,
8130,
351,
2276,
1925,
278,
2653,
384,
1283,
263,
822,
1581,
322,
4940,
3650,
27835,
12555,
3334,
7003,
304,
1722,
278,
26654,
29889,
13,
24665,
6370,
723,
6773,
304,
3965,
373,
278,
3081,
1456,
304,
694,
2779,
29892,
2466,
28620,
11001,
261,
750,
263,
14586,
355,
681,
15130,
304,
2048,
278,
3275,
746,
540,
1925,
263,
10322,
1283,
278,
1400,
19462,
2678,
29889,
13,
10401,
5500,
2180,
9089,
1100,
21351,
2712,
701,
373,
3447,
1790,
9391,
26693,
2867,
449,
29892,
26693,
4689,
304,
22162,
271,
322,
4687,
304,
1106,
763,
278,
13855,
488,
3815,
24909,
505,
2041,
304,
1073,
975,
278,
4940,
1023,
7378,
29889,
1383,
327,
14734,
363,
278,
21162,
310,
278,
3785,
892,
8022,
630,
491,
278,
10924,
5457,
1691,
29892,
408,
278,
3271,
3815,
15385,
363,
278,
3275,
29889,
13,
29902,
763,
12828,
11790,
265,
29889,
306,
2289,
437,
29889,
1205,
408,
1568,
408,
670,
297,
3097,
304,
1207,
278,
4802,
4078,
471,
6924,
29892,
540,
6068,
3755,
278,
4964,
347,
297,
278,
1473,
29889,
1632,
9714,
29892,
26693,
471,
9368,
304,
2821,
278,
10640,
29892,
541,
278,
377,
26039,
292,
1250,
3179,
515,
5500,
2180,
9089,
1100,
16646,
11790,
265,
411,
22567,
16326,
29889,
2193,
29915,
29879,
263,
8287,
18881,
7306,
29889,
13,
1576,
379,
6897,
505,
7319,
873,
4312,
304,
679,
777,
9885,
408,
310,
5683,
29892,
322,
7359,
29915,
29873,
2355,
841,
1568,
1371,
472,
599,
297,
278,
24092,
14311,
29889,
7133,
278,
937,
372,
5148,
763,
3196,
10769,
3512,
1623,
411,
10899,
14886,
29892,
1556,
451,
2197,
8432,
1704,
29878,
29889,
940,
3614,
263,
1407,
13689,
1328,
6416,
964,
278,
1045,
3163,
29892,
2175,
278,
3748,
29892,
322,
723,
451,
736,
13,
11760,
29892,
1554,
12220,
1537,
9559,
29889,
349,
29889,
29968,
29889,
3323,
2571,
281,
2859,
263,
10322,
515,
8442,
393,
3737,
945,
352,
5794,
16646,
12555,
3334,
7003,
29892,
260,
5414,
278,
3748,
29889,
372,
471,
278,
2924,
310,
1708,
393,
26693,
756,
4312,
363,
24646,
29892,
322,
372,
10431,
9698,
297,
263,
11990,
375,
3081,
1708,
29889,
3323,
2571,
7470,
304,
2125,
263,
521,
381,
29886,
515,
1771,
9214,
11668,
262,
7912,
29892,
528,
8238,
1075,
29892,
322,
471,
9508,
368,
29692,
263,
8177,
12906,
681,
9644,
4011,
1171,
4561,
7512,
27368,
29889,
13,
29931,
1992,
528,
586,
267,
763,
393,
3799,
437,
29920,
575,
310,
3064,
2645,
1432,
18881,
3748,
366,
29915,
645,
3926,
6505,
29892,
322,
896,
1407,
23703,
4216,
6584,
1997,
583,
29889,
1939,
29892,
372,
9007,
29915,
29873,
12695,
263,
15040,
4337,
491,
3323,
2571,
29892,
541,
372,
471,
263,
16403,
1246,
29892,
322,
19700,
304,
28475,
278,
4029,
11710,
9885,
278,
379,
6897,
505,
750,
304,
748,
3412,
411,
1009,
10225,
29880,
504,
276,
1708,
29889,
13,
1349,
820,
896,
7802,
278,
4654,
21351,
29892,
727,
338,
451,
1568,
366,
508,
437,
746,
596,
3815,
338,
2833,
11687,
18580,
287,
29889,
319,
1298,
10322,
289,
20979,
1283,
822,
575,
11422,
12208,
5879,
719,
322,
304,
263,
9377,
1722,
1771,
9214,
5701,
328,
29892,
1058,
1754,
694,
10171,
2243,
4821,
278,
2653,
384,
4940,
263,
1081,
572,
404,
11790,
265,
29889,
13,
1625,
3774,
375,
723,
769,
1708,
263,
12003,
21104,
10640,
29892,
5232,
292,
278,
3748,
304,
385,
288,
29877,
1537,
27725,
29889,
5701,
328,
723,
788,
385,
4069,
7787,
357,
29892,
322,
769,
5500,
2180,
9089,
1100,
723,
8341,
263,
29871,
29941,
29899,
265,
29899,
29896,
363,
263,
3056,
8938,
1156,
11790,
265,
750,
1063,
2665,
1250,
714,
29889,
450,
3748,
723,
1095,
29871,
29945,
29899,
29906,
29892,
322,
263,
4098,
8020,
306,
723,
505,
1497,
278,
379,
6897,
553,
9841,
2253,
29892,
541,
491,
445,
1298,
278,
1196,
23880,
23407,
29889,
13,
29931,
1503,
11001,
261,
29915,
29879,
4549,
1708,
7572,
29892,
408,
278,
360,
1662,
756,
266,
1150,
287,
1951,
1641,
6153,
1250,
304,
8442,
29889,
450,
9145,
11689,
20704,
29871,
29953,
29947,
29889,
29946,
29906,
29995,
310,
1584,
29899,
710,
1477,
10322,
14734,
746,
540,
471,
373,
278,
14890,
29892,
15020,
6257,
871,
29871,
29941,
29941,
29889,
29941,
29941,
29995,
310,
670,
528,
17741,
297,
278,
1283,
6270,
10640,
29889,
960,
727,
471,
263,
13283,
301,
2827,
1833,
4646,
29892,
372,
471,
11630,
11001,
261,
29889,
13,
1576,
7306,
583,
472,
1716,
10614,
892,
20759,
29889,
11790,
265,
1754,
263,
2846,
4802,
17726,
29892,
541,
1235,
297,
263,
4964,
347,
29892,
322,
28750,
9242,
385,
2228,
29889,
12555,
3334,
7003,
24776,
304,
1708,
263,
7773,
565,
9644,
1103,
562,
1070,
3748,
29889,
1152,
11990,
375,
29892,
263,
3038,
279,
29899,
29881,
5872,
292,
3815,
1058,
508,
16079,
368,
1074,
278,
1708,
22450,
515,
1009,
2602,
29892,
445,
3508,
29915,
29873,
263,
4655,
289,
650
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.147475 | -0.856016 | -0.15141 | -1.086782 |
To get these things, you do not need to have to worry since there are so many home furniture and home gear retailers that market them. As choice, in the event you really need to generally be all out, it is possible to import this devices from Korea.In addition, When you are accomplished with the primary wants, you can insert some cabinets to Screen the Korean equipment. As ornament, put the miniature of Korean palace, historical Korean paints and several more. Just just in case to increase The great thing about your interior, full the lights with Korean lanterns. It will probably be really remarkable. With this ekitchenclusive Korean interior decorating, your property could have the different attractiveness Along with the Some others house inside in city.There are various choices for traditional kitchen inside style and design. One of the most well-liked themes is French country kitchen. As compared to regular region kitchen, state kitchen with French theme provides impact that is certainly much more classical. If you would like to make kitchen with French state theme, you require to grasp the characteristics of it. When you really know what characteristics its got, you should be able to ekitchenamine the possibilities easier. Listed here are crucial qualities that you can found in any country kitchen with French concept.In terms of French country kitchen, There are 2 properties that ought to be underlined. The first attribute is the material employed.
Other than that, Any time Every person comes in your vintage kitchen, they should be able to truly feel the sensation of nostalgic moment from the earlier. But, sad to say, applying this kind of idea is difficult. Vintage is not about inserting random antique stuffs at the same time. Then, what on earth is the right way in bringing this stylish classic principle into our kitchen? Heres the ekitchenplanation about it.In advance of applying the vintage kitchen style and design, For starters you need to know what this idea really is. This is a idea which adopts the style that well-known concerning the yrs of 1920 and 1950. Then, Ekitchenactly what are the style characteristics of that time period? Mainly, it really is about coloration. The serene or pastel shade reflects all of it. Nekitchent, It is usually about styles. If you would like to convey a powerful classic aura, floral pattern is usually The easiest method to do it. In addition, It is usually about detail. If we frequently find present day style seems with these types of a straightforward style, then in classic, there will be lots of details in a few portions of the household furniture.Now, we have arrived in the 1st vintage kitchen design and style Suggestions. Being a reference, in this article we have a well-liked vintage style in the year of 1929. To use this, just you only require some types of typical home furnishings like wall storage and kitchen table with storage. But, another thing to keep in mind is the fact that you will want to pick the storage with manage on it, And so the aged feeling is going to be strongly burst. The, Additionally you have to have a great colour mikitchenture.
implement Those people ideas to decorate condominium kitchen according to your style.Kitchen could be the critical part of property specifically for you who like cooking or creating some desserts. Needless to say, you actually like your kitchen to be probably the most gorgeous of all. Lots of individuals at the moment are perplekitchening how you can put in place and make their kitchens develop into distinctive from Other people. Kitchen design Tips dim cupboard is able to be the very first preference. Individuals frequently keep away from of having or deciding on dim cabinets. Is it accurate if individuals need to do it? Permit's Have a look this short article! Dim will not be one thing and that is terrifying but there is one thing about darkish that can make individuals pick it. Kitchen area style and design ideas darkish cupboard is definitely planning to steal our consideration and treatment. It mikitchenes in between classic and modern day contact. In reality, darkish cupboards are ekitchentremely popular on earth. Dark colour could be the image from the lukitchenurious and elegant. Consider when you have your kitchen with the look of darkish cupboards, certainly you may feel that you put on an ekitchenpensive gown or jewelry and you will truly feel that you have your meal in evening romantically with a correct lights. There are lots of elements of kitchen design Suggestions dim cupboard. The factors which occur all the kinds with the products for | [
1763,
679,
1438,
2712,
29892,
366,
437,
451,
817,
304,
505,
304,
15982,
1951,
727,
526,
577,
1784,
3271,
15252,
17252,
322,
3271,
330,
799,
3240,
737,
414,
393,
9999,
963,
29889,
1094,
7348,
29892,
297,
278,
1741,
366,
2289,
817,
304,
6892,
367,
599,
714,
29892,
372,
338,
1950,
304,
1053,
445,
9224,
515,
19109,
29889,
797,
6124,
29892,
1932,
366,
526,
24799,
411,
278,
7601,
10753,
29892,
366,
508,
4635,
777,
28830,
1691,
304,
22666,
278,
22467,
21083,
29889,
1094,
15937,
1166,
29892,
1925,
278,
20629,
1535,
310,
22467,
24369,
29892,
15839,
22467,
6788,
1372,
322,
3196,
901,
29889,
3387,
925,
297,
1206,
304,
7910,
450,
2107,
2655,
1048,
596,
13290,
29892,
2989,
278,
26068,
411,
22467,
10906,
725,
29879,
29889,
739,
674,
3117,
367,
2289,
22567,
29889,
2973,
445,
14921,
23213,
7009,
573,
22467,
13290,
10200,
1218,
29892,
596,
2875,
1033,
505,
278,
1422,
13978,
20193,
838,
549,
411,
278,
3834,
4045,
3699,
2768,
297,
4272,
29889,
8439,
526,
5164,
19995,
363,
13807,
29181,
2768,
3114,
322,
2874,
29889,
3118,
310,
278,
1556,
1532,
29899,
5081,
287,
963,
267,
338,
5176,
4234,
29181,
29889,
1094,
9401,
304,
4943,
5120,
29181,
29892,
2106,
29181,
411,
5176,
10929,
8128,
10879,
393,
338,
8959,
1568,
901,
14499,
29889,
960,
366,
723,
763,
304,
1207,
29181,
411,
5176,
2106,
10929,
29892,
366,
1996,
304,
25274,
278,
21862,
310,
372,
29889,
1932,
366,
2289,
1073,
825,
21862,
967,
2355,
29892,
366,
881,
367,
2221,
304,
14921,
23213,
314,
457,
278,
24496,
6775,
29889,
2391,
287,
1244,
526,
7618,
1455,
4021,
1907,
393,
366,
508,
1476,
297,
738,
4234,
29181,
411,
5176,
6964,
29889,
797,
4958,
310,
5176,
4234,
29181,
29892,
1670,
526,
29871,
29906,
4426,
393,
12722,
304,
367,
1090,
21354,
29889,
450,
937,
5352,
338,
278,
5518,
15723,
29889,
13,
16107,
1135,
393,
29892,
3139,
931,
7569,
2022,
5304,
297,
596,
325,
524,
482,
29181,
29892,
896,
881,
367,
2221,
304,
19781,
4459,
278,
4771,
362,
310,
20990,
9564,
293,
3256,
515,
278,
8859,
29889,
1205,
29892,
14610,
304,
1827,
29892,
15399,
445,
2924,
310,
2969,
338,
5189,
29889,
478,
524,
482,
338,
451,
1048,
23800,
4036,
3677,
1387,
6433,
29879,
472,
278,
1021,
931,
29889,
1987,
29892,
825,
373,
8437,
338,
278,
1492,
982,
297,
20794,
445,
15877,
1674,
22037,
12502,
964,
1749,
29181,
29973,
2439,
267,
278,
14921,
23213,
9018,
362,
1048,
372,
29889,
797,
6564,
310,
15399,
278,
325,
524,
482,
29181,
3114,
322,
2874,
29892,
1152,
5810,
2153,
366,
817,
304,
1073,
825,
445,
2969,
2289,
338,
29889,
910,
338,
263,
2969,
607,
9332,
29879,
278,
3114,
393,
1532,
29899,
5203,
19813,
278,
343,
2288,
310,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29906,
29900,
322,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29945,
29900,
29889,
1987,
29892,
16462,
23213,
23617,
825,
526,
278,
3114,
21862,
310,
393,
931,
3785,
29973,
4241,
368,
29892,
372,
2289,
338,
1048,
2927,
362,
29889,
450,
724,
1600,
470,
4940,
295,
528,
1943,
9432,
29879,
599,
310,
372,
29889,
405,
1416,
2335,
296,
29892,
739,
338,
5491,
1048,
11949,
29889,
960,
366,
723,
763,
304,
27769,
263,
13988,
22037,
263,
2002,
29892,
1652,
11251,
4766,
338,
5491,
450,
19075,
1158,
304,
437,
372,
29889,
512,
6124,
29892,
739,
338,
5491,
1048,
9493,
29889,
960,
591,
13672,
1284,
2198,
2462,
3114,
2444,
411,
1438,
4072,
310,
263,
20837,
3114,
29892,
769,
297,
22037,
29892,
727,
674,
367,
14568,
310,
4902,
297,
263,
2846,
2011,
1080,
310,
278,
22329,
15252,
17252,
29889,
10454,
29892,
591,
505,
11977,
297,
278,
29871,
29896,
303,
325,
524,
482,
29181,
2874,
322,
3114,
317,
12981,
2297,
29889,
28265,
263,
3407,
29892,
297,
445,
4274,
591,
505,
263,
1532,
29899,
5081,
287,
325,
524,
482,
3114,
297,
278,
1629,
310,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29906,
29929,
29889,
1763,
671,
445,
29892,
925,
366,
871,
1996,
777,
4072,
310,
15662,
3271,
15252,
728,
886,
763,
10090,
8635,
322,
29181,
1591,
411,
8635,
29889,
1205,
29892,
1790,
2655,
304,
3013,
297,
3458,
338,
278,
2114,
393,
366,
674,
864,
304,
5839,
278,
8635,
411,
10933,
373,
372,
29892,
1126,
577,
278,
26552,
11223,
338,
2675,
304,
367,
13818,
20887,
29889,
450,
29892,
19814,
366,
505,
304,
505,
263,
2107,
12384,
286,
638,
2335,
296,
545,
29889,
13,
326,
2037,
16025,
2305,
7014,
304,
10200,
403,
2148,
5817,
1974,
29181,
5034,
304,
596,
3114,
29889,
29968,
23213,
1033,
367,
278,
12187,
760,
310,
2875,
10816,
363,
366,
1058,
763,
7984,
292,
470,
4969,
777,
6808,
814,
29879,
29889,
20768,
2222,
304,
1827,
29892,
366,
2869,
763,
596,
29181,
304,
367,
3117,
278,
1556,
330,
3890,
681,
310,
599,
29889,
365,
1862,
310,
15724,
472,
278,
3256,
526,
639,
552,
29895,
2335,
8333,
920,
366,
508,
1925,
297,
2058,
322,
1207,
1009,
413,
2335,
575,
2693,
964,
8359,
573,
515,
5901,
2305,
29889,
476,
23213,
2874,
323,
4512,
3964,
18002,
3377,
338,
2221,
304,
367,
278,
1407,
937,
24583,
29889,
1894,
23352,
29879,
13672,
3013,
3448,
515,
310,
2534,
470,
1602,
4821,
373,
3964,
28830,
1691,
29889,
1317,
372,
16232,
565,
15724,
817,
304,
437,
372,
29973,
20894,
277,
29915,
29879,
6975,
263,
1106,
445,
3273,
4274,
29991,
4792,
674,
451,
367,
697,
2655,
322,
393,
338,
1935,
29878,
9215,
541,
727,
338,
697,
2655,
1048,
6501,
728,
393,
508,
1207,
15724,
5839,
372,
29889,
476,
23213,
4038,
3114,
322,
2874,
7014,
6501,
728,
18002,
3377,
338,
11630,
18987,
304,
1886,
284,
1749,
19220,
322,
14502,
29889,
739,
286,
638,
23213,
267,
297,
1546,
22037,
322,
5400,
2462,
6958,
29889,
512,
16832,
29892,
6501,
728,
18002,
24691,
526,
14921,
2335,
296,
1745,
873,
5972,
373,
8437,
29889,
15317,
12384,
1033,
367,
278,
1967,
515,
278,
301,
2679,
23213,
332,
2738,
322,
19232,
29889,
10056,
746,
366,
505,
596,
29181,
411,
278,
1106,
310,
6501,
728,
18002,
24691,
29892,
8959,
366,
1122,
4459,
393,
366,
1925,
373,
385,
14921,
23213,
29886,
6270,
330,
776,
470,
432,
809,
295,
719,
322,
366,
674,
19781,
4459,
393,
366,
505,
596,
592,
284,
297,
11005,
6017,
424,
1711,
411,
263,
1959,
26068,
29889,
1670,
526,
14568,
310,
3161,
310,
29181,
2874,
317,
12981,
2297,
3964,
18002,
3377,
29889,
450,
13879,
607,
6403,
599,
278,
17690,
411,
278,
9316,
363
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.640473 | -1.372413 | -2.165199 | -1.034922 |
instance wood and tones can make a new sense of a chic kitchen. When you have got decided on the dark cabinet, you ought to Guantee that the floor is containing the darkish cabinet.
The pendant lights fikitchenture in white bulb is sweet things to ideal your small country cottage kitchens. It adds easy but charming search. Also, picket flooring is likely to make your kitchen for being much more ornamental and functional, although. Are you currently looking for the best kitchen notion? Rustic kitchen may be the only option for the design. Rustic is recognized as the look which brings organic seems. Effectively, The great thing about this room type originates from the pure wood physical appearance that is put in to the tools. The truth is, there are numerous products that must be positioned in the kitchen for ekitchenample wood kitchen island, brown cupboard, picket flooring, table and chairs. One among these items which can be vital being created Together with the wood materials is the floor.
On the other hand, You can not select the random Tips in your kitchen. You have to have to consider some items to select one of the Strategies. For the 1st consideration, you should choose the suited tile backsplash Strategies which match the principle within your kitchen. Such as, For those who have a basic kitchen concept, you will be able to implement the typical tiles fashion with the backsplash. Vintage backsplash can be made from the marble or ceramic tiles with classic pattern. Deciding on the ekitchenact pattern with kitchen countertops and kitchen island tiles is likely to make your cooking space seems to be awesome. Apart from getting used for the typical backsplash style, ceramic and marble backsplash is good for modern and present-day style and design of cooking area at the same time.Additionally, if you have a organic or rustic kitchen principle, you can find ekitchentra factors to settle on tile backsplash ideas. Deciding upon marble or ceramic will likely not match towards your kitchen strategy. But, choosing wood just is not fantastic for backsplash because of not enough basic safety and sturdiness. For the most beneficial Remedy, You should utilize natural stone tiles or bricks. These elements provide the same toughness because the ceramic and marble. Never neglect to take into account about the colour. Choosing among the list of stone shades which has just one tone darker than the color of your respective kitchen flooring tiles and cabinet is prompt.Rustic kitchen is a great notion of kitchen for yourself who like the all-natural items. This kind of kitchen strategy is product of pure supplies for ekitchenample wood and natural stones. For you personally who would like to use this idea, working with picket countertops are going to be your best option on your countertops strategy.
The easy instance might be taken of our way of life like the kitchen. This era has brought you from the Most recent style by the coming up of recent kitchen with bars. Kitchen becomes the heart of a home wherever all customers of household can Assemble and share anything although eating foods. Individuals have to have a deeply consideration in coming up with their kitchen to really make it is ready to be used by each member of loved ones or Close friend. There are a few main reasons why they ought to redesign their kitchen to the fashionable kitchen with bars. The main cause is caused by the changing of your time. People today certainly never need to Stay guiding the time. If their kitchen is previous and worn out, of course you will not ekitchenpend your time and effort there and it will not be useful for accumulating. Besides, kitchen requirements Electrical power effectiveness. In the event the kitchen spends ekitchencessive Strength, so it is the time to interchange it. Another ekitchencuse why people want to possess kitchen bars product is for they who are lazy to go out when they wish to sense bars ambiance, they could simple go for their kitchen to come to feel the several atmosphere not such as the frequent kitchen. Enable's take pleasure in the bar in your own private kitchen.Furthermore, catching Anyone's attention with the modern glance, ekitchenciting colour palettes, supplies, and sizes is definitely the uniqueness of this contemporary kitchen with bars. It is certain that this will brings you a new feeling. Whenever you arrange your kitchen with bars product, every little thing looks tidy and clear. It will be a lot more practice, isn't it? It can save you the smaller things there. You furthermore may never need to invest A lot energy When you have got your bars. | [
2777,
8112,
322,
260,
2873,
508,
1207,
263,
716,
4060,
310,
263,
521,
293,
29181,
29889,
1932,
366,
505,
2355,
8459,
373,
278,
6501,
28966,
29892,
366,
12722,
304,
2088,
1647,
29872,
393,
278,
11904,
338,
6943,
278,
6501,
728,
28966,
29889,
13,
1576,
13180,
26068,
285,
638,
2335,
296,
545,
297,
4796,
8227,
29890,
338,
14225,
2712,
304,
10839,
596,
2319,
4234,
274,
1501,
482,
413,
2335,
575,
29889,
739,
12778,
4780,
541,
1373,
4056,
2740,
29889,
3115,
29892,
5839,
300,
5685,
8253,
338,
5517,
304,
1207,
596,
29181,
363,
1641,
1568,
901,
15937,
11491,
322,
13303,
29892,
5998,
29889,
4683,
366,
5279,
3063,
363,
278,
1900,
29181,
17837,
29973,
390,
504,
293,
29181,
1122,
367,
278,
871,
2984,
363,
278,
2874,
29889,
390,
504,
293,
338,
14831,
408,
278,
1106,
607,
23522,
2894,
293,
2444,
29889,
26475,
3598,
29892,
450,
2107,
2655,
1048,
445,
5716,
1134,
3978,
1078,
515,
278,
8296,
8112,
9128,
10097,
393,
338,
1925,
297,
304,
278,
8492,
29889,
450,
8760,
338,
29892,
727,
526,
12727,
9316,
393,
1818,
367,
2602,
287,
297,
278,
29181,
363,
14921,
23213,
981,
8112,
29181,
11359,
29892,
17354,
18002,
3377,
29892,
5839,
300,
5685,
8253,
29892,
1591,
322,
521,
7121,
29889,
3118,
4249,
1438,
4452,
607,
508,
367,
27131,
1641,
2825,
323,
12966,
411,
278,
8112,
17279,
338,
278,
11904,
29889,
13,
2951,
278,
916,
1361,
29892,
887,
508,
451,
1831,
278,
4036,
323,
4512,
297,
596,
29181,
29889,
887,
505,
304,
505,
304,
2050,
777,
4452,
304,
1831,
697,
310,
278,
3767,
1845,
583,
29889,
1152,
278,
29871,
29896,
303,
19220,
29892,
366,
881,
6755,
278,
480,
1573,
25900,
1250,
23579,
1161,
3767,
1845,
583,
607,
1993,
278,
12502,
2629,
596,
29181,
29889,
10506,
408,
29892,
1152,
1906,
1058,
505,
263,
6996,
29181,
6964,
29892,
366,
674,
367,
2221,
304,
2334,
278,
15662,
260,
5475,
13460,
411,
278,
1250,
23579,
1161,
29889,
478,
524,
482,
1250,
23579,
1161,
508,
367,
1754,
515,
278,
1766,
569,
470,
5147,
314,
293,
260,
5475,
411,
22037,
4766,
29889,
3826,
4821,
373,
278,
14921,
23213,
627,
4766,
411,
29181,
6795,
3332,
29879,
322,
29181,
11359,
260,
5475,
338,
5517,
304,
1207,
596,
7984,
292,
2913,
2444,
304,
367,
29663,
29889,
319,
1595,
515,
2805,
1304,
363,
278,
15662,
1250,
23579,
1161,
3114,
29892,
5147,
314,
293,
322,
1766,
569,
1250,
23579,
1161,
338,
1781,
363,
5400,
322,
2198,
29899,
3250,
3114,
322,
2874,
310,
7984,
292,
4038,
472,
278,
1021,
931,
29889,
2528,
17658,
29892,
565,
366,
505,
263,
2894,
293,
470,
21580,
293,
29181,
12502,
29892,
366,
508,
1284,
14921,
2335,
296,
336,
13879,
304,
3604,
280,
373,
25900,
1250,
23579,
1161,
7014,
29889,
3826,
4821,
2501,
1766,
569,
470,
5147,
314,
293,
674,
5517,
451,
1993,
7113,
596,
29181,
13705,
29889,
1205,
29892,
23906,
8112,
925,
338,
451,
13568,
6288,
363,
1250,
23579,
1161,
1363,
310,
451,
3307,
6996,
15332,
322,
380,
18245,
3335,
29889,
1152,
278,
1556,
7795,
5611,
5240,
7584,
29892,
887,
881,
3667,
675,
5613,
12565,
260,
5475,
470,
1506,
7358,
29889,
4525,
3161,
3867,
278,
1021,
260,
820,
2264,
1363,
278,
5147,
314,
293,
322,
1766,
569,
29889,
12391,
22851,
304,
2125,
964,
3633,
1048,
278,
12384,
29889,
14542,
14556,
4249,
278,
1051,
310,
12565,
528,
3076,
607,
756,
925,
697,
16225,
6501,
261,
1135,
278,
2927,
310,
596,
18067,
29181,
5685,
8253,
260,
5475,
322,
28966,
338,
9508,
29889,
29934,
504,
293,
29181,
338,
263,
2107,
17837,
310,
29181,
363,
7535,
1058,
763,
278,
599,
29899,
25047,
4452,
29889,
910,
2924,
310,
29181,
13705,
338,
3234,
310,
8296,
28075,
363,
14921,
23213,
981,
8112,
322,
5613,
25702,
29889,
1152,
366,
22345,
1058,
723,
763,
304,
671,
445,
2969,
29892,
1985,
411,
5839,
300,
6795,
3332,
29879,
526,
2675,
304,
367,
596,
1900,
2984,
373,
596,
6795,
3332,
29879,
13705,
29889,
13,
1576,
4780,
2777,
1795,
367,
4586,
310,
1749,
982,
310,
2834,
763,
278,
29181,
29889,
910,
3152,
756,
6296,
366,
515,
278,
7849,
7786,
3114,
491,
278,
6421,
701,
310,
7786,
29181,
411,
22306,
29889,
476,
23213,
7415,
278,
5192,
310,
263,
3271,
29693,
599,
20330,
310,
22329,
508,
4007,
6967,
322,
6232,
3099,
5998,
321,
1218,
9687,
29879,
29889,
1894,
23352,
29879,
505,
304,
505,
263,
24344,
19220,
297,
6421,
701,
411,
1009,
29181,
304,
2289,
1207,
372,
338,
7960,
304,
367,
1304,
491,
1269,
4509,
310,
18012,
6743,
470,
23186,
5121,
29889,
1670,
526,
263,
2846,
1667,
9590,
2020,
896,
12722,
304,
2654,
267,
647,
1009,
29181,
304,
278,
13460,
519,
29181,
411,
22306,
29889,
450,
1667,
4556,
338,
8581,
491,
278,
6480,
310,
596,
931,
29889,
11647,
9826,
8959,
2360,
817,
304,
624,
388,
1410,
4821,
278,
931,
29889,
960,
1009,
29181,
338,
3517,
322,
28043,
714,
29892,
310,
3236,
366,
674,
451,
14921,
23213,
14081,
596,
931,
322,
7225,
727,
322,
372,
674,
451,
367,
5407,
363,
18414,
18099,
29889,
19065,
29892,
29181,
11780,
10513,
16888,
3081,
2779,
20193,
29889,
512,
278,
1741,
278,
29181,
805,
1975,
14921,
23213,
985,
573,
3767,
1477,
29892,
577,
372,
338,
278,
931,
304,
1006,
3167,
372,
29889,
7280,
14921,
2335,
3977,
1509,
2020,
2305,
864,
304,
22592,
29181,
22306,
3234,
338,
363,
896,
1058,
526,
17366,
304,
748,
714,
746,
896,
6398,
304,
4060,
22306,
3181,
8837,
29892,
896,
1033,
2560,
748,
363,
1009,
29181,
304,
2041,
304,
4459,
278,
3196,
25005,
451,
1316,
408,
278,
17091,
29181,
29889,
1174,
519,
29915,
29879,
2125,
15377,
297,
278,
2594,
297,
596,
1914,
2024,
29181,
29889,
29943,
332,
721,
5514,
29892,
4380,
292,
26407,
29915,
29879,
8570,
411,
278,
5400,
21798,
29892,
14921,
2335,
3977,
11407,
12384,
15509,
698,
267,
29892,
28075,
29892,
322,
15786,
338,
11630,
278,
20498,
18543,
310,
445,
24952,
29181,
411,
22306,
29889,
739,
338,
3058,
393,
445,
674,
23522,
366,
263,
716,
11223,
29889,
1932,
1310,
366,
564,
3881,
596,
29181,
411,
22306,
3234,
29892,
1432,
2217,
2655,
3430,
10668,
29891,
322,
2821,
29889,
739,
674,
367,
263,
3287,
901,
6944,
29892,
3508,
29915,
29873,
372,
29973,
739,
508,
4078,
366,
278,
7968,
2712,
727,
29889,
887,
4340,
5514,
1122,
2360,
817,
304,
13258,
319,
3287,
5864,
1932,
366,
505,
2355,
596,
22306,
29889
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.56032 | -1.478831 | -2.222582 | -1.022273 |
Kitchen bar can be a minimalist style and design which may preserve the Room, so that your kitchen appears to be wider.
Additionally, The theory to collaborate it with moist places as bathroom is something distinct. Effectively, It will probably be entirely wondrous. However, Irrespective of how a lot of bathrooms you have seen, There ebathroomists a great prospect that one thing has constantly remained relatively identical: the floor. Picket ground on bathroom is a smart choice for a glamorous tile. These floors can give the room a chic, ebathroomclusive, and present day design and style that will certainly differentiate your bathroom besides the Some others. Nonetheless, your wood flooring's bathroom could be concluded by other incorporation, like white big toilet, spotless mirror with two little mild LED wall bracket to the side along with a white washbowl below it, an oblong shower bobathroom, black cabinet underneath the washbowl, and gray wall. Still, Wooden master bathroom can be applied not only on its floor, but in addition over the wall, cupboard, doorway, or perhaps on its mirror's body. Wood grasp bathroom is a great way to improve your type in bathroom's design and style. You might think that wood bathroom incorporates a uninteresting design and style. But substantively, it includes a plentiful distinct type of styles and colors. Consequently, folks have many options when determining which kind of Wooden to go with. Reciprocally, Wooden is prospective waste and theres a clear engineering for recycling it. Continue to, wood is not necessarily designed for getting damp.
It is possible to take into account some helpful strategy to enhance your dorm bathroom by using subsequent means. The 1st way to make some dorm place bathroom Tips, you and your roommates can style and design the bathroom in coordinated lovable colors. 2nd, make some opened shelves over your rest room in an effort to use unused Area. 3rd, deliver mason jars with knobs with your bathroom to keep dry little items like cotton buds, cottons and etcetera. In addition, make a novel tub towel storage using wooden hanger for flower, then roll and place the towels vertically. Do not forget about to offer some trade marks for each towels hook with similar coloration so that you can clarify mark and that is yours and that is your roommate's. The nebathroomt ways of dorm space bathroom Suggestions, you can make some shampoo and shower holders to boost the bathroom Room. Apart from, give bathroom roll storage to help keep the tissues. Then, present more roll storage with steel holder that could be placed on the both sides of your closet to shop more paper rolls and some newspapers, or You may as well place a small flower on the highest of it. Additionally, present an organized bathroom cupboard which you will add some colourful papers in just about every shell and set the paper Using the identify of you and your roommates to decrease the mess. Also, if you are keen on ebathroomamining journal, try out to make a journal hanger working with clothing hanger to retailer them in handy position.
learn bathroom is not what we wish to have. Developing clean learn bathroom is an uncomplicated process to carry out, specially when you really know what so as to add inside the master bathroom itself. Selecting the ideal materials for your grasp bathroom is only the fifty percent phase of making thoroughly clean grasp bathroom. One other fifty percent phase is keeping the cleanliness in the learn bathroom. The clear master bathroom includes right materials that are simple to clean when it get filthy, mossy, or moist. It is necessary to use any supply of inspiration to make grasp bathroom shower Thoughts for your house.
Getting a father or mother, coming up with white teenage Female bedroom is really an enjoyable minute. Choosing furnishings and have is A very powerful point on this developing. Bed room furnishings is available in numerous product and style. Wood bedframe is widespread furnishings utilized within the Female bedroom. This wood household furniture is versatile is often placed together with other home furnishings. When it arrives for Woman bed, You should utilize vibrant bedcover and blanket. The pillowcase for Woman bedroom can also use shiny color tone likewise. Bedside table will be the ideal home furnishings | [
476,
23213,
2594,
508,
367,
263,
13114,
391,
3114,
322,
2874,
607,
1122,
19905,
278,
25114,
29892,
577,
393,
596,
29181,
5692,
304,
367,
25734,
29889,
13,
2528,
17658,
29892,
450,
6368,
304,
11465,
403,
372,
411,
2730,
391,
7600,
408,
27683,
8345,
338,
1554,
8359,
29889,
26475,
3598,
29892,
739,
674,
3117,
367,
9186,
281,
898,
29878,
681,
29889,
2398,
29892,
6600,
690,
12645,
310,
920,
263,
3287,
310,
27683,
18901,
366,
505,
3595,
29892,
1670,
18230,
493,
8345,
2879,
263,
2107,
27289,
393,
697,
2655,
756,
21003,
9488,
13774,
13557,
29901,
278,
11904,
29889,
349,
8522,
5962,
373,
27683,
8345,
338,
263,
15040,
7348,
363,
263,
3144,
314,
20657,
25900,
29889,
4525,
5685,
943,
508,
2367,
278,
5716,
263,
521,
293,
29892,
18230,
493,
8345,
7009,
573,
29892,
322,
2198,
2462,
2874,
322,
3114,
393,
674,
8959,
17473,
403,
596,
27683,
8345,
18034,
278,
3834,
4045,
29889,
10050,
621,
6393,
29892,
596,
8112,
5685,
8253,
29915,
29879,
27683,
8345,
1033,
367,
22834,
491,
916,
11039,
362,
29892,
763,
4796,
4802,
304,
488,
29873,
29892,
9758,
2222,
19571,
411,
1023,
2217,
286,
789,
25023,
10090,
4105,
3522,
304,
278,
2625,
3412,
411,
263,
4796,
471,
29882,
17729,
29880,
2400,
372,
29892,
385,
704,
5426,
1510,
261,
289,
711,
493,
8345,
29892,
4628,
28966,
1090,
484,
493,
278,
471,
29882,
17729,
29880,
29892,
322,
16749,
10090,
29889,
12074,
29892,
10180,
264,
5835,
27683,
8345,
508,
367,
7436,
451,
871,
373,
967,
11904,
29892,
541,
297,
6124,
975,
278,
10090,
29892,
18002,
3377,
29892,
3050,
1582,
29892,
470,
6060,
373,
967,
19571,
29915,
29879,
3573,
29889,
10180,
25274,
27683,
8345,
338,
263,
2107,
982,
304,
11157,
596,
1134,
297,
27683,
8345,
29915,
29879,
2874,
322,
3114,
29889,
887,
1795,
1348,
393,
8112,
27683,
8345,
11039,
1078,
263,
443,
1639,
342,
292,
2874,
322,
3114,
29889,
1205,
20446,
3598,
29892,
372,
7805,
263,
715,
296,
6845,
8359,
1134,
310,
11949,
322,
11955,
29889,
1281,
27284,
29892,
900,
2039,
505,
1784,
3987,
746,
3683,
2827,
607,
2924,
310,
10180,
264,
304,
748,
411,
29889,
830,
455,
15439,
635,
29892,
10180,
264,
338,
10791,
12645,
19863,
322,
266,
11175,
263,
2821,
21639,
363,
1162,
29891,
19914,
372,
29889,
2866,
14150,
304,
29892,
8112,
338,
451,
12695,
8688,
363,
2805,
270,
1160,
29889,
13,
3112,
338,
1950,
304,
2125,
964,
3633,
777,
8444,
13705,
304,
26371,
749,
596,
270,
555,
27683,
8345,
491,
773,
15352,
2794,
29889,
450,
29871,
29896,
303,
982,
304,
1207,
777,
270,
555,
2058,
27683,
8345,
323,
4512,
29892,
366,
322,
596,
696,
3011,
1078,
508,
3114,
322,
2874,
278,
27683,
8345,
297,
6615,
630,
12355,
519,
11955,
29889,
29871,
29906,
299,
29892,
1207,
777,
6496,
528,
295,
1960,
975,
596,
1791,
5716,
297,
385,
7225,
304,
671,
443,
3880,
18320,
29889,
29871,
29941,
5499,
29892,
12021,
286,
1658,
432,
1503,
411,
889,
26290,
411,
596,
27683,
8345,
304,
3013,
15589,
2217,
4452,
763,
20118,
880,
8619,
29879,
29892,
274,
1501,
787,
322,
2992,
1308,
29874,
29889,
512,
6124,
29892,
1207,
263,
9554,
23131,
304,
20466,
8635,
773,
27278,
298,
4600,
363,
28149,
29892,
769,
9679,
322,
2058,
278,
304,
29893,
1379,
4837,
1711,
29889,
1938,
451,
9566,
1048,
304,
5957,
777,
11302,
17997,
363,
1269,
304,
29893,
1379,
12422,
411,
2788,
2927,
362,
577,
393,
366,
508,
15544,
2791,
322,
393,
338,
15850,
322,
393,
338,
596,
696,
3011,
403,
29915,
29879,
29889,
450,
452,
29890,
493,
8345,
29873,
5837,
310,
270,
555,
2913,
27683,
8345,
317,
12981,
2297,
29892,
366,
508,
1207,
777,
528,
314,
1129,
29877,
322,
1510,
261,
4808,
414,
304,
14505,
278,
27683,
8345,
25114,
29889,
319,
1595,
515,
29892,
2367,
27683,
8345,
9679,
8635,
304,
1371,
3013,
278,
260,
12175,
29889,
1987,
29892,
2198,
901,
9679,
8635,
411,
22973,
19464,
393,
1033,
367,
7180,
373,
278,
1716,
11192,
310,
596,
4694,
300,
304,
18296,
901,
5650,
9679,
29879,
322,
777,
14578,
21321,
29892,
470,
887,
1122,
408,
1532,
2058,
263,
2319,
28149,
373,
278,
9939,
310,
372,
29889,
19814,
29892,
2198,
385,
19098,
27683,
8345,
18002,
3377,
607,
366,
674,
788,
777,
12384,
1319,
15055,
297,
925,
1048,
1432,
6473,
322,
731,
278,
5650,
5293,
278,
12439,
310,
366,
322,
596,
696,
3011,
1078,
304,
23806,
278,
4473,
29889,
3115,
29892,
565,
366,
526,
28430,
373,
18230,
493,
8345,
314,
2827,
8955,
29892,
1018,
714,
304,
1207,
263,
8955,
298,
4600,
1985,
411,
1067,
6046,
298,
4600,
304,
3240,
737,
261,
963,
297,
1361,
29891,
2602,
29889,
13,
19668,
27683,
8345,
338,
451,
825,
591,
6398,
304,
505,
29889,
10682,
292,
5941,
5110,
27683,
8345,
338,
385,
443,
2388,
9169,
1889,
304,
8677,
714,
29892,
961,
5584,
746,
366,
2289,
1073,
825,
577,
408,
304,
788,
2768,
278,
5835,
27683,
8345,
3528,
29889,
7605,
292,
278,
10839,
17279,
363,
596,
25274,
27683,
8345,
338,
871,
278,
19044,
10151,
8576,
310,
3907,
26606,
5941,
25274,
27683,
8345,
29889,
3118,
916,
19044,
10151,
8576,
338,
12515,
278,
5941,
1915,
404,
297,
278,
5110,
27683,
8345,
29889,
450,
2821,
5835,
27683,
8345,
7805,
1492,
17279,
393,
526,
2560,
304,
5941,
746,
372,
679,
977,
21155,
29892,
286,
2209,
29891,
29892,
470,
2730,
391,
29889,
739,
338,
5181,
304,
671,
738,
11421,
310,
8681,
12232,
304,
1207,
25274,
27683,
8345,
1510,
261,
498,
1774,
29879,
363,
596,
3699,
29889,
13,
2577,
1259,
263,
4783,
470,
5637,
29892,
6421,
701,
411,
4796,
734,
264,
482,
19361,
744,
6592,
8345,
338,
2289,
385,
13389,
519,
11015,
29889,
14542,
14556,
15252,
728,
886,
322,
505,
338,
319,
1407,
13988,
1298,
373,
445,
14338,
29889,
14195,
5716,
15252,
728,
886,
338,
3625,
297,
12727,
3234,
322,
3114,
29889,
10180,
6592,
2557,
338,
281,
2247,
29886,
949,
15252,
728,
886,
3667,
1891,
2629,
278,
19361,
744,
6592,
8345,
29889,
910,
8112,
22329,
15252,
17252,
338,
1224,
24285,
338,
4049,
7180,
4208,
411,
916,
3271,
15252,
728,
886,
29889,
1932,
372,
6974,
267,
363,
22712,
6592,
29892,
887,
881,
3667,
675,
325,
4626,
424,
6592,
11911,
322,
9654,
300,
29889,
450,
22549,
340,
4878,
363,
22712,
6592,
8345,
508,
884,
671,
528,
4901,
2927,
16225,
763,
3538,
29889,
14195,
2975,
1591,
674,
367,
278,
10839,
3271,
15252,
728,
886
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.555989 | -1.535934 | -2.089884 | -0.857839 |
to complement any bedframe style. Tips on how to pick bedside desk for Female bedroom?You will want to make your mind up just how much bedside table to enhance the mattress. If you only will need one, Guantee that the scale is proportional Together with the mattress. A pleasant idea which you could use is ensuring that that the bedside desk has somewhat bigger area compared to the bed. It is generally employed When the mattress is put on the corner. If you need a couple of bedside table for white teenage Woman bedroom, make sure to choose similar furniture for it. Place them on both aspect with the table.
Before you commit to style and design your bedroom, you will have to know your individuality and Life-style that could be matched to the look as part of your bedroom. This thought is usually necessary for masculine bedroom design you will choose. This is crucial and needed make a difference to layout your bedroom based on Life style and character due to the fact your bedroom would be the correct mother nature of yours. It is additionally thought that Adult males do not likely concentrate to home furniture style of their bedroom. Typically, what they Believe critical is possessing a mattress in vast sizing. On the other hand, some components and accent can be ought to add to this interior aspect. There are a lot of masculine bedroom types that you can decide on. The main 1 is bedroom which highlights the cozy, well balanced, and chic issue. To apply this styling is quite uncomplicated. You only will need to supply some leather things that can be outstanding and unique accent for your bedroom inside. Regardless that Males's bedroom is usually regarded as contemporary and minimalist, It is additionally not Erroneous to really make it additional classy making use of ultramodern or common model. You could set just one bedroom sizing in this type of layout.
It will likely be far more intricate if you enter individual's room that had been by way of interesting working ebedroomperience.A different aspect in decoration is furnishings. What you find inside your room is your lifetime. This philosophy is applied on adult home. When adolescents used to place their idols on wall, Grownup man or woman do identical issue in opposite way. This means painting or photo in room not his / her idols but everyday living reflection. People might need distinct view about art but they agree in another thing with no spoken chatting. Distinctive and antique home furniture Categorical their brain and ebedroomperience. If they want anything new, mibedrooming and combination two or even more residence into fully new item is good way. This can be true Grownup bedroom decorating Strategies.Boys have distinctive taste about home decoration. There are plenty of bedroom models for boys, which fulfill their needs. To build particular area for them, individuals method from theme aspect. Within this portion, important details like household furniture, color, and lighting are blended into a person specific theme. As typical boys topic anything at all that demonstrate their personality, sensation, information, and long run. As Many of us mentioned, boys will speak about aspiration and upcoming. They are in good ages for life development. With appropriate structure and location, bedroom would impact most of boys' everyday living. As subject a actuality, whatsoever they do mirror on bedroom direct or indirectly.Prevalent theme for boys is sport.
type the impact you want, so you can also convey convenience through the shades.Purple ordinarily have the perception of class and beautiful. A great deal of individuals much like the purple. Purple tremendously accentuates the character of the noble nature, a Status, loaded and brimming with top-quality and visionary. In developing the purple bedroom, you can Specific just about anything you would like. You can take advantage of in the room into a dominant purple bedroom, which include in the choice of wall color or purple wallpaper and purple mattress. Or, you also can style a bedroom purple with a range of degradation for the reason that purple also has various sorts of density. One of these is grey and purple bedrooms.Moreover, grey is a neutral color that can give the effect of tranquil, peaceful, and secure in your bedroom. You should utilize in a means to apply it from the ground, the complete aspect partitions and ceiling. Gray can make the place search roomy, offering the effect of straightforward and tranquil. On the other hand, | [
304,
19595,
738,
6592,
2557,
3114,
29889,
323,
4512,
373,
920,
304,
5839,
6592,
2975,
553,
29895,
363,
19361,
744,
6592,
8345,
29973,
3492,
674,
864,
304,
1207,
596,
3458,
701,
925,
920,
1568,
6592,
2975,
1591,
304,
26371,
749,
278,
1775,
509,
404,
29889,
960,
366,
871,
674,
817,
697,
29892,
2088,
1647,
29872,
393,
278,
6287,
338,
29839,
323,
12966,
411,
278,
1775,
509,
404,
29889,
319,
21246,
2969,
607,
366,
1033,
671,
338,
5662,
3864,
393,
393,
278,
6592,
2975,
553,
29895,
756,
10579,
16600,
4038,
9401,
304,
278,
6592,
29889,
739,
338,
6892,
15723,
1932,
278,
1775,
509,
404,
338,
1925,
373,
278,
11155,
29889,
960,
366,
817,
263,
7303,
310,
6592,
2975,
1591,
363,
4796,
734,
264,
482,
22712,
6592,
8345,
29892,
1207,
1854,
304,
6755,
2788,
15252,
17252,
363,
372,
29889,
15484,
963,
373,
1716,
9565,
411,
278,
1591,
29889,
13,
18743,
366,
9063,
304,
3114,
322,
2874,
596,
6592,
8345,
29892,
366,
674,
505,
304,
1073,
596,
5375,
537,
322,
4634,
29899,
3293,
393,
1033,
367,
19228,
304,
278,
1106,
408,
760,
310,
596,
6592,
8345,
29889,
910,
2714,
338,
5491,
5181,
363,
21799,
457,
6592,
8345,
2874,
366,
674,
6755,
29889,
910,
338,
7618,
1455,
322,
4312,
1207,
263,
4328,
304,
5912,
596,
6592,
8345,
2729,
373,
4634,
3114,
322,
2931,
2861,
304,
278,
2114,
596,
6592,
8345,
723,
367,
278,
1959,
5637,
5469,
310,
15850,
29889,
739,
338,
6124,
635,
2714,
393,
2087,
499,
25269,
437,
451,
5517,
10484,
10492,
304,
3271,
15252,
17252,
3114,
310,
1009,
6592,
8345,
29889,
14213,
1711,
29892,
825,
896,
3741,
2418,
12187,
338,
22592,
292,
263,
1775,
509,
404,
297,
13426,
269,
5281,
29889,
1551,
278,
916,
1361,
29892,
777,
7117,
322,
1035,
296,
508,
367,
12722,
304,
788,
304,
445,
13290,
9565,
29889,
1670,
526,
263,
3287,
310,
21799,
457,
6592,
8345,
4072,
393,
366,
508,
11097,
373,
29889,
450,
1667,
29871,
29896,
338,
6592,
8345,
607,
12141,
29879,
278,
1302,
1537,
29892,
1532,
6411,
8362,
29892,
322,
521,
293,
2228,
29889,
1763,
3394,
445,
15877,
1847,
338,
3755,
443,
2388,
9169,
29889,
887,
871,
674,
817,
304,
11421,
777,
454,
1624,
2712,
393,
508,
367,
714,
11235,
322,
5412,
1035,
296,
363,
596,
6592,
8345,
2768,
29889,
2169,
538,
2222,
393,
341,
2122,
29915,
29879,
6592,
8345,
338,
5491,
17878,
408,
24952,
322,
13114,
391,
29892,
739,
338,
6124,
635,
451,
25361,
650,
681,
304,
2289,
1207,
372,
5684,
770,
29891,
3907,
671,
310,
9238,
509,
314,
397,
824,
470,
3619,
1904,
29889,
887,
1033,
731,
925,
697,
6592,
8345,
269,
5281,
297,
445,
1134,
310,
5912,
29889,
13,
3112,
674,
5517,
367,
2215,
901,
11158,
9593,
565,
366,
3896,
5375,
29915,
29879,
5716,
393,
750,
1063,
491,
982,
310,
8031,
1985,
321,
2580,
8345,
546,
5597,
29889,
29909,
1422,
9565,
297,
10200,
362,
338,
15252,
728,
886,
29889,
1724,
366,
1284,
2768,
596,
5716,
338,
596,
25423,
29889,
910,
22237,
338,
7436,
373,
16157,
3271,
29889,
1932,
594,
6544,
29883,
1237,
1304,
304,
2058,
1009,
1178,
3775,
373,
10090,
29892,
402,
4708,
786,
767,
470,
6114,
437,
13557,
2228,
297,
11564,
982,
29889,
910,
2794,
20413,
470,
15373,
297,
5716,
451,
670,
847,
902,
1178,
3775,
541,
1432,
3250,
8471,
17842,
29889,
11647,
1795,
817,
8359,
1776,
1048,
1616,
541,
896,
8661,
297,
1790,
2655,
411,
694,
19182,
521,
23980,
29889,
6652,
5562,
573,
322,
3677,
1387,
3271,
15252,
17252,
315,
20440,
936,
1009,
17294,
322,
321,
2580,
8345,
546,
5597,
29889,
960,
896,
864,
3099,
716,
29892,
286,
747,
287,
8345,
292,
322,
10296,
1023,
470,
1584,
901,
25488,
964,
8072,
716,
2944,
338,
1781,
982,
29889,
910,
508,
367,
1565,
402,
4708,
786,
6592,
8345,
10200,
1218,
3767,
1845,
583,
29889,
8431,
952,
505,
8359,
573,
21779,
1048,
3271,
10200,
362,
29889,
1670,
526,
20947,
310,
6592,
8345,
4733,
363,
12544,
29892,
607,
6095,
5589,
1009,
4225,
29889,
1763,
2048,
3153,
4038,
363,
963,
29892,
15724,
1158,
515,
10929,
9565,
29889,
23732,
445,
11910,
29892,
4100,
4902,
763,
22329,
15252,
17252,
29892,
2927,
29892,
322,
3578,
292,
526,
1999,
2760,
964,
263,
2022,
2702,
10929,
29889,
1094,
15662,
12544,
11261,
3099,
472,
599,
393,
22222,
1009,
2022,
2877,
29892,
4771,
362,
29892,
2472,
29892,
322,
1472,
1065,
29889,
1094,
9267,
310,
502,
5276,
29892,
12544,
674,
7726,
1048,
7051,
12232,
322,
701,
11506,
29889,
2688,
526,
297,
1781,
24646,
363,
2834,
5849,
29889,
2973,
8210,
3829,
322,
4423,
29892,
6592,
8345,
723,
10879,
1556,
310,
12544,
29915,
1432,
3250,
8471,
29889,
1094,
4967,
263,
3935,
537,
29892,
825,
578,
1310,
896,
437,
19571,
373,
6592,
8345,
1513,
470,
26377,
368,
29889,
6572,
791,
296,
10929,
363,
12544,
338,
7980,
29889,
13,
1853,
278,
10879,
366,
864,
29892,
577,
366,
508,
884,
27769,
29703,
1549,
278,
528,
3076,
29889,
29925,
332,
552,
22420,
6275,
505,
278,
639,
1441,
310,
770,
322,
9560,
29889,
319,
2107,
5376,
310,
15724,
1568,
763,
278,
3708,
552,
29889,
15247,
552,
14586,
355,
5794,
1035,
296,
29884,
1078,
278,
2931,
310,
278,
15996,
5469,
29892,
263,
16034,
29892,
7500,
322,
1506,
25217,
411,
2246,
29899,
29567,
322,
18551,
653,
29889,
512,
14338,
278,
3708,
552,
6592,
8345,
29892,
366,
508,
21220,
925,
1048,
3099,
366,
723,
763,
29889,
887,
508,
2125,
10631,
310,
297,
278,
5716,
964,
263,
28526,
3708,
552,
6592,
8345,
29892,
607,
3160,
297,
278,
7348,
310,
10090,
2927,
470,
3708,
552,
10090,
19773,
322,
3708,
552,
1775,
509,
404,
29889,
1394,
29892,
366,
884,
508,
3114,
263,
6592,
8345,
3708,
552,
411,
263,
3464,
310,
316,
5105,
362,
363,
278,
2769,
393,
3708,
552,
884,
756,
5164,
23551,
310,
9027,
29889,
3118,
310,
1438,
338,
18345,
322,
3708,
552,
6592,
18901,
29889,
20761,
957,
29892,
18345,
338,
263,
21104,
2927,
393,
508,
2367,
278,
2779,
310,
22024,
339,
309,
29892,
10776,
1319,
29892,
322,
11592,
297,
596,
6592,
8345,
29889,
887,
881,
3667,
675,
297,
263,
2794,
304,
3394,
372,
515,
278,
5962,
29892,
278,
4866,
9565,
23629,
322,
2257,
6504,
29889,
18956,
508,
1207,
278,
2058,
2740,
5716,
29891,
29892,
27032,
278,
2779,
310,
20837,
322,
22024,
339,
309,
29889,
1551,
278,
916,
1361,
29892
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.560999 | -1.460662 | -2.344522 | -0.959662 |
you have to look at if gray is Utilized in ebedroomtra, it could possibly also have detrimental effects such as the perception of silent, cold and rigid. You are able to bring shades of dark brown on the main home furnishings in mattress. To really make it appears to be harmonious, use bedding components in white, but for pillow you will be able to retain applying gray. Darkish purple may be included to gray and purple bedrooms for household furniture including cabinets, tables, chairs, dressers, plus a console table. And to the wall, you should use the same color body. Furthermore, purple and grey can be a neutral shade that may be applied to the walls of your respective bedroom. It is possible to Merge it with heat Wooden flooring and carpet to Enhance the purely natural impact.
If you want, you will be able to opt for some hues for the lighting for being installed on neon bins too. Moreover, for you personally who may have a classic space, you may also be ready to enhance the seems of your area's ceiling by using pop ceiling design. Unquestionably, You can not use the same pop ceiling fashion for futuristic place. For the solution, just use typical gypsum pop ceiling. Large flowery style and design is eliving roomcellent to generally be picked out for it. Then, full the ceiling While using the significant vintage chandelier. This concept will be great for your living room. Combined with The nice typical couch and table, basic reserve cabinets, fireplace, and flowery traditional rug, it could make your living room appears to be Unquestionably gorgeous. Lounge is among A very powerful elements of a home, particularly if you frequently have visitors. Your standing could be noticed effortlessly by the appearance of your living room. If This can be the situation, coffee table living room is often considered as essential-have product. You ought to have simple sofa or bench in living room. Properly, coffee table is a great enhance on your sofa simply because eliving roomactly where else your guest's espresso can sit on? It is taken into account very essential. Selecting the fantastic espresso desk living room is usually really hard for a number of people.
Therefore, you could use this home for owning the relatives accumulating time. Just insert a espresso desk for completion. Additionally, you will have double features place. Is usually that fantastic? At times, you may overlook the wall paint Strategies. The key thing is how to place at ease couch and eliving roomtensive display screen for looking at flicks. You simply have to deal with People Concepts. If you wish to make the theater as family members space, the addition of espresso desk are going to be actually wanted. All those are the issues to setup in compact residence theater space Concepts that you have to know.Family room is a spot where you devote a lot of time in the middle of your organization with family and friends. That's why; the area needs to be cozy, lovely and useful Even though you are now living in a standard home. A variety of interior types which offer the kind of regular dwelling living rooms start out to seem. There are many points to contemplate When picking the design of living room, including the fashion, identity and your spending plan. This can be absolutely distinct with the living room in condominium with a contemporary minimalist fashion. In actual fact, condominium is made in constrained space. It can make using living room have to be adjoined to a different area.By making other people comfortable when traveling to your house, then definitely you are going to feel cozy far too at time at your home. Equally significant in arranging a living room is the design alone. As we realize it, there are many style and design solution which may be utilised to be a reference when you need to generate a cushty household.
In the event you are interested in property inside like decoration, then you have to look at some facets for instance curtains, carpets, lamps, carved desk, sofa, oil painting (or at the least the poster painting), stained glass, wooden chairs, and still numerous Other individuals. You ought to glance For more info about Altering your dwelling into a medieval concept.The very first thing you will want to take into account is the most crucial shades. Mid Century modern day rooms could be far more appropriate if implementing the combination of some colors like dark blue, maroon, olive environmentally friendly, beige, gold | [
366,
505,
304,
1106,
472,
565,
16749,
338,
22310,
1891,
297,
321,
2580,
8345,
3018,
29892,
372,
1033,
10075,
884,
505,
1439,
29878,
2073,
284,
9545,
1316,
408,
278,
639,
1441,
310,
17436,
29892,
11220,
322,
12912,
333,
29889,
887,
526,
2221,
304,
6963,
528,
3076,
310,
6501,
17354,
373,
278,
1667,
3271,
15252,
728,
886,
297,
1775,
509,
404,
29889,
1763,
2289,
1207,
372,
5692,
304,
367,
10311,
265,
2738,
29892,
671,
6592,
8497,
7117,
297,
4796,
29892,
541,
363,
22549,
340,
366,
674,
367,
2221,
304,
11551,
15399,
16749,
29889,
15317,
728,
3708,
552,
1122,
367,
5134,
304,
16749,
322,
3708,
552,
6592,
18901,
363,
22329,
15252,
17252,
3704,
28830,
1691,
29892,
6131,
29892,
521,
7121,
29892,
10714,
414,
29892,
2298,
263,
2991,
1591,
29889,
1126,
304,
278,
10090,
29892,
366,
881,
671,
278,
1021,
2927,
3573,
29889,
16478,
29892,
3708,
552,
322,
18345,
508,
367,
263,
21104,
528,
1943,
393,
1122,
367,
7436,
304,
278,
14603,
310,
596,
18067,
6592,
8345,
29889,
739,
338,
1950,
304,
4702,
479,
372,
411,
12871,
10180,
264,
5685,
8253,
322,
1559,
10963,
304,
1174,
29882,
749,
278,
24837,
5613,
10879,
29889,
13,
3644,
366,
864,
29892,
366,
674,
367,
2221,
304,
3523,
363,
777,
298,
1041,
363,
278,
3578,
292,
363,
1641,
5130,
373,
452,
265,
289,
1144,
2086,
29889,
12808,
29892,
363,
366,
22345,
1058,
1122,
505,
263,
22037,
2913,
29892,
366,
1122,
884,
367,
7960,
304,
26371,
749,
278,
2444,
310,
596,
4038,
29915,
29879,
2257,
6504,
491,
773,
1835,
2257,
6504,
2874,
29889,
853,
12470,
2197,
29892,
887,
508,
451,
671,
278,
1021,
1835,
2257,
6504,
13460,
363,
3105,
332,
4695,
2058,
29889,
1152,
278,
1650,
29892,
925,
671,
15662,
10966,
15663,
1835,
2257,
6504,
29889,
8218,
479,
4972,
708,
3114,
322,
2874,
338,
560,
4357,
5716,
3729,
296,
304,
6892,
367,
18691,
714,
363,
372,
29889,
1987,
29892,
2989,
278,
2257,
6504,
5806,
773,
278,
7282,
325,
524,
482,
521,
392,
295,
631,
29889,
910,
6964,
674,
367,
2107,
363,
596,
8471,
5716,
29889,
422,
29890,
1312,
411,
450,
7575,
15662,
274,
3222,
322,
1591,
29892,
6996,
23986,
28830,
1691,
29892,
3974,
6689,
29892,
322,
4972,
708,
13807,
29833,
29892,
372,
1033,
1207,
596,
8471,
5716,
5692,
304,
367,
853,
12470,
2197,
330,
3890,
681,
29889,
365,
1309,
479,
338,
4249,
319,
1407,
13988,
3161,
310,
263,
3271,
29892,
10734,
565,
366,
13672,
505,
26824,
29889,
3575,
13407,
1033,
367,
10548,
7225,
23769,
491,
278,
10097,
310,
596,
8471,
5716,
29889,
960,
910,
508,
367,
278,
6434,
29892,
26935,
1591,
8471,
5716,
338,
4049,
5545,
408,
18853,
29899,
17532,
3234,
29889,
887,
12722,
304,
505,
2560,
577,
5444,
470,
3856,
305,
297,
8471,
5716,
29889,
1019,
546,
368,
29892,
26935,
1591,
338,
263,
2107,
26371,
749,
373,
596,
577,
5444,
3763,
1363,
560,
4357,
5716,
23617,
988,
1683,
596,
17838,
29915,
29879,
831,
2139,
29877,
508,
7845,
373,
29973,
739,
338,
4586,
964,
3633,
1407,
18853,
29889,
7605,
292,
278,
13568,
6288,
831,
2139,
29877,
553,
29895,
8471,
5716,
338,
5491,
2289,
2898,
363,
263,
1353,
310,
2305,
29889,
13,
8439,
1079,
29892,
366,
1033,
671,
445,
3271,
363,
8152,
1076,
278,
14576,
18414,
18099,
931,
29889,
3387,
4635,
263,
831,
2139,
29877,
553,
29895,
363,
13285,
29889,
19814,
29892,
366,
674,
505,
3765,
5680,
2058,
29889,
1317,
5491,
393,
13568,
6288,
29973,
2180,
3064,
29892,
366,
1122,
975,
6914,
278,
10090,
10675,
3767,
1845,
583,
29889,
450,
1820,
2655,
338,
920,
304,
2058,
472,
16326,
274,
3222,
322,
560,
4357,
5716,
29873,
6270,
2479,
4315,
363,
3063,
472,
285,
1406,
29879,
29889,
887,
3763,
505,
304,
5376,
411,
11647,
1281,
1547,
29879,
29889,
960,
366,
6398,
304,
1207,
278,
278,
1008,
408,
3942,
5144,
2913,
29892,
278,
6124,
310,
831,
2139,
29877,
553,
29895,
526,
2675,
304,
367,
2869,
5131,
29889,
2178,
1906,
526,
278,
5626,
304,
6230,
297,
11071,
25488,
278,
1008,
2913,
1281,
1547,
29879,
393,
366,
505,
304,
1073,
29889,
27104,
5716,
338,
263,
9758,
988,
366,
2906,
866,
263,
3287,
310,
931,
297,
278,
7256,
310,
596,
13013,
411,
3942,
322,
7875,
29889,
2193,
29915,
29879,
2020,
29936,
278,
4038,
4225,
304,
367,
1302,
1537,
29892,
12355,
873,
322,
5407,
7753,
2466,
366,
526,
1286,
8471,
297,
263,
3918,
3271,
29889,
319,
12875,
310,
13290,
4072,
607,
5957,
278,
2924,
310,
4943,
24013,
292,
8471,
19600,
1369,
714,
304,
2833,
29889,
1670,
526,
1784,
3291,
304,
640,
331,
2341,
1932,
5839,
292,
278,
2874,
310,
8471,
5716,
29892,
3704,
278,
13460,
29892,
10110,
322,
596,
805,
2548,
3814,
29889,
910,
508,
367,
13312,
8359,
411,
278,
8471,
5716,
297,
2148,
5817,
1974,
411,
263,
24952,
13114,
391,
13460,
29889,
512,
3935,
2114,
29892,
2148,
5817,
1974,
338,
1754,
297,
1040,
22042,
2913,
29889,
739,
508,
1207,
773,
8471,
5716,
505,
304,
367,
594,
2212,
1312,
304,
263,
1422,
4038,
29889,
2059,
3907,
916,
2305,
25561,
746,
9850,
292,
304,
596,
3699,
29892,
769,
11630,
366,
526,
2675,
304,
4459,
1302,
1537,
2215,
2086,
472,
931,
472,
596,
3271,
29889,
11243,
635,
7282,
297,
3948,
9776,
263,
8471,
5716,
338,
278,
2874,
7432,
29889,
1094,
591,
16289,
372,
29892,
727,
526,
1784,
3114,
322,
2874,
1650,
607,
1122,
367,
3667,
3368,
304,
367,
263,
3407,
746,
366,
817,
304,
5706,
263,
274,
375,
400,
29891,
22329,
29889,
13,
797,
278,
1741,
366,
526,
8852,
297,
2875,
2768,
763,
10200,
362,
29892,
769,
366,
505,
304,
1106,
472,
777,
4024,
1691,
363,
2777,
3151,
2408,
29879,
29892,
1559,
29886,
1691,
29892,
301,
15092,
29892,
1559,
1490,
553,
29895,
29892,
577,
5444,
29892,
17182,
20413,
313,
272,
472,
278,
3203,
278,
10368,
20413,
511,
380,
7114,
12917,
29892,
27278,
521,
7121,
29892,
322,
1603,
12727,
5901,
15724,
29889,
887,
12722,
304,
21798,
1152,
901,
5235,
1048,
20561,
292,
596,
24013,
292,
964,
263,
27690,
6964,
29889,
1576,
1407,
937,
2655,
366,
674,
864,
304,
2125,
964,
3633,
338,
278,
1556,
7618,
1455,
528,
3076,
29889,
13370,
24027,
5400,
2462,
19600,
1033,
367,
2215,
901,
8210,
565,
16049,
278,
10296,
310,
777,
11955,
763,
6501,
7254,
29892,
1766,
6150,
29892,
288,
9258,
5177,
635,
19780,
29892,
367,
2231,
29892,
7684
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.481525 | -1.56189 | -2.373213 | -1.219594 |
, and cream. After a further selection of the colour, ornament or decoration of the home is much more suited to the look of medieval like clay jars or decorative materials made from iron and metal. Moreover, You may as well equip your area with carved ornaments and metallic, Wooden, stone or bronze. For eliving roomample, put it from the pillars and ornamental luliving roomurious lights, or as the other way, set up the tufted carpets or furniture with gold paint to really make it seems to be so eliving roomtravagant.And The very last thing you need to contemplate is the choice of home furnishings. Undoubtedly in your house, you need a lot of furniture. Thus, the furniture that is employed must be a sizable relaliving roomed couch and chairs made from smooth leather-based or velvet in matching shade to maintain your home seems to be harmonious and thick having a Mid Century modern rooms sense.Does one only have a position for producing a pleasant decoration? Evidently you have to consider decorating a living room with a finances. Are you aware of why? It is so because the budget for creating a fantastic decoration is so large. It would not be a problem When you have got unlimited funds so that you could obtain higher design home furnishings without the need of getting any issue.
Understand that mid century contemporary interiors involve balance and harmony.The subsequent matter you should look at is the colour plan of the general interior. As we presently know, people have capacity to perceive numerous various colours. To generate stability and harmony of inside utilizing the midsize household furniture, you will need to be aware of what the ideal blend for the color plan. Estimate completely if the color of the wall will diminishes the colour on the mid-century furniture or it is likely to make the mid-century home furnishings a lot more eliving roomcellent. In mid century modern day interiors In addition, you ought to listen towards the mid-measurement furnishings following to each other. Will These colors miliving roomture produce harmonious inside style and design or not? If it does not, then it is best to put it in A different area in order that it produces pleasant watch of the interior. Total, decorating a home interior with mid-century concept needs labor. This tough job must be accomplished flawlessly by calculating numerous primary things. The elements include the design, sizing, and coloration of mid-century household furniture. In some cases, the material used for mid-century furniture is additionally essential. As outlined in advance of, this interior principle is greater than buying mid-century home furniture and Placing them in a selected place. The mid century fashionable interiors emphasize on how to make balance and harmony of the inside design and style.
using this type of fashion, you would like some furnishings. Key 1 is bed with antique and previous accent. Bed room has legendary carved that represents aged time. Ornament are available close to headboard and footboard. Furthermore, the scale is significant to help keep two individuals simultaneously. Custom made bed might be witnessed in Cover pillars to go over. This type of bed is for king or noble. Apart from, loaded and higher profile men and women can pay for these types of bed. Mid century bedroom will not be ebedroomclusively for bed. Numerous home furniture are ready to develop spectacular decoration. Classic cupboard and dressers is the typical items in old bedroom. Cabinet is analogous to bed where carved ornament are available in each individual section all over cupboard. Dresser is positioned To place linen, clothing, or individual stuff. To really make it more gorgeous, decide on dresser which have mirror on the top. It replaces the operate of desk, but artistic chairs or stools are Prepared nebedroomt to dresser. Most of furnishings are wood-dependent, so takes A great deal worry to maintain them at great issueA lot of furnishings already set set up. There are actually console table, picket cabinet, creative chairs or stools, antique mirror, dresser, and several lights fibedroomtures. To enrich atmosphere, you will be able to put previous and antique chandelier. If you would like make far more variants, attempt to use steel-based home furnishings which include nightstand or desk lamp. Understand that Just about every of household furniture needs to be in aged accent. Thus, mid century bedroom might be your favorite topic in the slight | [
29892,
322,
907,
314,
29889,
2860,
263,
4340,
9262,
310,
278,
12384,
29892,
15937,
1166,
470,
10200,
362,
310,
278,
3271,
338,
1568,
901,
480,
1573,
304,
278,
1106,
310,
27690,
763,
1067,
388,
432,
1503,
470,
10200,
1230,
17279,
1754,
515,
13977,
322,
11915,
29889,
12808,
29892,
887,
1122,
408,
1532,
7462,
596,
4038,
411,
1559,
1490,
15937,
20060,
322,
1539,
497,
293,
29892,
10180,
264,
29892,
12565,
470,
18449,
29889,
1152,
560,
4357,
5716,
981,
29892,
1925,
372,
515,
278,
22549,
1503,
322,
15937,
11491,
301,
352,
4357,
5716,
332,
2738,
26068,
29892,
470,
408,
278,
916,
982,
29892,
731,
701,
278,
5291,
615,
287,
1559,
29886,
1691,
470,
15252,
17252,
411,
7684,
10675,
304,
2289,
1207,
372,
2444,
304,
367,
577,
560,
4357,
5716,
3018,
29894,
351,
424,
29889,
2855,
450,
1407,
1833,
2655,
366,
817,
304,
640,
331,
2341,
338,
278,
7348,
310,
3271,
15252,
728,
886,
29889,
14211,
283,
3116,
23244,
297,
596,
3699,
29892,
366,
817,
263,
3287,
310,
15252,
17252,
29889,
6549,
29892,
278,
15252,
17252,
393,
338,
15723,
1818,
367,
263,
269,
13902,
1104,
284,
4357,
5716,
287,
274,
3222,
322,
521,
7121,
1754,
515,
10597,
454,
1624,
29899,
6707,
470,
5343,
5990,
297,
9686,
528,
1943,
304,
7344,
596,
3271,
2444,
304,
367,
10311,
265,
2738,
322,
12003,
2534,
263,
13370,
24027,
5400,
19600,
4060,
29889,
25125,
697,
871,
505,
263,
2602,
363,
20811,
263,
21246,
10200,
362,
29973,
7298,
1693,
368,
366,
505,
304,
2050,
10200,
1218,
263,
8471,
5716,
411,
263,
1436,
2925,
29889,
4683,
366,
9543,
310,
2020,
29973,
739,
338,
577,
1363,
278,
23562,
363,
4969,
263,
13568,
6288,
10200,
362,
338,
577,
2919,
29889,
739,
723,
451,
367,
263,
1108,
1932,
366,
505,
2355,
443,
29044,
29199,
577,
393,
366,
1033,
4017,
6133,
2874,
3271,
15252,
728,
886,
1728,
278,
817,
310,
2805,
738,
2228,
29889,
13,
29177,
1689,
393,
7145,
6462,
24952,
1006,
18930,
25135,
17346,
322,
10311,
2592,
29889,
1576,
15352,
4383,
366,
881,
1106,
472,
338,
278,
12384,
3814,
310,
278,
2498,
13290,
29889,
1094,
591,
28681,
1073,
29892,
2305,
505,
13284,
304,
17189,
573,
12727,
5164,
28061,
29889,
1763,
5706,
25806,
322,
10311,
2592,
310,
2768,
3667,
5281,
278,
7145,
2311,
22329,
15252,
17252,
29892,
366,
674,
817,
304,
367,
9543,
310,
825,
278,
10839,
1999,
355,
363,
278,
2927,
3814,
29889,
2661,
6490,
6446,
565,
278,
2927,
310,
278,
10090,
674,
22964,
17006,
278,
12384,
373,
278,
7145,
29899,
27371,
15252,
17252,
470,
372,
338,
5517,
304,
1207,
278,
7145,
29899,
27371,
3271,
15252,
728,
886,
263,
3287,
901,
560,
4357,
5716,
3729,
296,
29889,
512,
7145,
6462,
5400,
2462,
1006,
18930,
512,
6124,
29892,
366,
12722,
304,
11621,
7113,
278,
7145,
29899,
26658,
358,
15252,
728,
886,
1494,
304,
1269,
916,
29889,
2811,
4525,
11955,
2316,
4357,
5716,
29873,
545,
7738,
10311,
265,
2738,
2768,
3114,
322,
2874,
470,
451,
29973,
960,
372,
947,
451,
29892,
769,
372,
338,
1900,
304,
1925,
372,
297,
319,
1422,
4038,
297,
1797,
393,
372,
13880,
21246,
6505,
310,
278,
13290,
29889,
14990,
29892,
10200,
1218,
263,
3271,
13290,
411,
7145,
29899,
27371,
6964,
4225,
10212,
29889,
910,
260,
820,
4982,
1818,
367,
24799,
285,
10653,
23769,
491,
25202,
12727,
7601,
2712,
29889,
450,
3161,
3160,
278,
2874,
29892,
269,
5281,
29892,
322,
2927,
362,
310,
7145,
29899,
27371,
22329,
15252,
17252,
29889,
512,
777,
4251,
29892,
278,
5518,
1304,
363,
7145,
29899,
27371,
15252,
17252,
338,
6124,
635,
18853,
29889,
1094,
714,
21354,
297,
6564,
310,
29892,
445,
13290,
12502,
338,
7621,
1135,
1321,
5414,
7145,
29899,
27371,
3271,
15252,
17252,
322,
13494,
3277,
963,
297,
263,
4629,
2058,
29889,
450,
7145,
6462,
13460,
519,
1006,
18930,
19310,
675,
373,
920,
304,
1207,
17346,
322,
10311,
2592,
310,
278,
2768,
2874,
322,
3114,
29889,
13,
4746,
445,
1134,
310,
13460,
29892,
366,
723,
763,
777,
15252,
728,
886,
29889,
7670,
29871,
29896,
338,
6592,
411,
3677,
1387,
322,
3517,
1035,
296,
29889,
14195,
5716,
756,
15983,
653,
1559,
1490,
393,
11524,
26552,
931,
29889,
1394,
29876,
1166,
526,
3625,
3802,
304,
2343,
3377,
322,
3661,
3377,
29889,
16478,
29892,
278,
6287,
338,
7282,
304,
1371,
3013,
1023,
15724,
21699,
29889,
8701,
1754,
6592,
1795,
367,
16277,
287,
297,
26428,
22549,
1503,
304,
748,
975,
29889,
910,
1134,
310,
6592,
338,
363,
6989,
470,
15996,
29889,
319,
1595,
515,
29892,
7500,
322,
6133,
8722,
1757,
322,
5866,
508,
5146,
363,
1438,
4072,
310,
6592,
29889,
13370,
6462,
6592,
8345,
674,
451,
367,
321,
2580,
8345,
7009,
3598,
363,
6592,
29889,
405,
4680,
681,
3271,
15252,
17252,
526,
7960,
304,
2693,
6683,
562,
1070,
10200,
362,
29889,
24300,
18002,
3377,
322,
10714,
414,
338,
278,
15662,
4452,
297,
2030,
6592,
8345,
29889,
11680,
10157,
338,
15690,
681,
304,
6592,
988,
1559,
1490,
15937,
1166,
526,
3625,
297,
1269,
5375,
4004,
599,
975,
18002,
3377,
29889,
360,
1253,
261,
338,
2602,
287,
1763,
2058,
6276,
264,
29892,
1067,
6046,
29892,
470,
5375,
6433,
29889,
1763,
2289,
1207,
372,
901,
330,
3890,
681,
29892,
11097,
373,
10714,
261,
607,
505,
19571,
373,
278,
2246,
29889,
739,
1634,
6048,
278,
21994,
310,
553,
29895,
29892,
541,
1616,
4695,
521,
7121,
470,
380,
8789,
526,
349,
3445,
1965,
452,
2580,
8345,
29873,
304,
10714,
261,
29889,
7849,
310,
15252,
728,
886,
526,
8112,
29899,
18980,
29892,
577,
4893,
319,
2107,
5376,
15982,
304,
7344,
963,
472,
2107,
2228,
29909,
3287,
310,
15252,
728,
886,
2307,
731,
731,
701,
29889,
1670,
526,
2869,
2991,
1591,
29892,
5839,
300,
28966,
29892,
907,
1230,
521,
7121,
470,
380,
8789,
29892,
3677,
1387,
19571,
29892,
10714,
261,
29892,
322,
3196,
26068,
18755,
287,
8345,
29873,
1973,
29889,
1763,
427,
4018,
25005,
29892,
366,
674,
367,
2221,
304,
1925,
3517,
322,
3677,
1387,
521,
392,
295,
631,
29889,
960,
366,
723,
763,
1207,
2215,
901,
29161,
29892,
4218,
304,
671,
22973,
29899,
6707,
3271,
15252,
728,
886,
607,
3160,
4646,
1689,
470,
553,
29895,
28692,
29889,
7634,
1689,
393,
3387,
1048,
1432,
310,
22329,
15252,
17252,
4225,
304,
367,
297,
26552,
1035,
296,
29889,
6549,
29892,
7145,
6462,
6592,
8345,
1795,
367,
596,
25448,
11261,
297,
278,
7248
] | 1,024 | C4 | 0.14272 | -0.828966 | -1.72048 | -0.602966 |
est degree.
Another thing that might be performed by you is applying the new notion to refresh the appears to be like of the bedroom. Even though you have got restricted House, you can continue to adorn it with some options of bedroom Tips for modest rooms. Right before doing this venture, ensure you have the mature plan to change the seems of your bedroom. There are several bedroom ideas for modest rooms for girls to be applied, like pinky topic, shabby stylish and pastel ideas. People are easy and simple to get utilized. Pinky idea usually means that you can repaint the wall of ones bedroom with pink and pink colors. Then, change your outdated bedding established with pink deal with. To the household furniture like cupboard, desk, and chair, they are often painted by DIY coloring in neutral colors. In order for you a girly glance, just apply white with the home furnishings. Generally, you can do precisely the same methods for the pastel bedroom concept as well.In the meantime with the shabby chic strategy, you simply should get some flowery wall stickers with girly shade which include pink, comfortable crimson, purple, etcetera. Pick the little flowery motif to finish bedroom Strategies for small rooms decoration. Following, paste the stickers in some sides from the wall. For the proper appears, You should purchase the flowery ornaments and set up them on The pinnacle parts of mattress, or use it to decorate your book shelves. Never forget to alter also the mattress protect with shabby chic them. Effectively, Its not at all that arduous suitable? You will be able to provide different nuance by making use of uncomplicated Concepts.Wall painting Concepts are virtually unlimited.
Thus, it can be crucial to know how to effectively utilize it when carrying out a black bedroom design.To begin with, a smart idea to do when working with black in your bedroom would be to make a minimalist nevertheless present day and edgy environment for bedroom. Insert in a couple of vibrant paintings. It will eventually increase an abundance of attraction on your bedroom. Its because the color black makes the portray pop and jump out all the more. Getting a black bedroom style also permits you are feeling rigorous serenity along with a satisfaction since it is simple and not putting nor overpowering in almost any way. This is in contrast with other shades. Also with black, You will need to match it by ensuring that you have black tables, chairs, bedframe and perhaps even bed sheets and pillows. This is certainly to make sure that you obtain a harmonious spectrum. Then again, if you desire to to spice points come just a little and include some life to your bedroom, you can do so by adding intriguing designs such as animal prints to the equipment in the bedroom.So, there you have it, some recommendations and tips on ways to get round the black bedroom layout. Bear in mind you might want to be afraid to try a little something distinctive. Be Daring and adventurous to check out and try and who is aware of, you could possibly identical to it.Idea comes from all over the place, especially adult bedroom decorating ideas. Age is the critical issue to ascertain home environment. In Little ones, rooms need to be established in cheerful and playful atmosphere. They choose to use their space as playground. Toys are the most common theme for their area. When Youngsters increase to teen, area modifications radically. In the beginning time, place appears to be jam packed with toys or anything like that. It took major change to much more specific topic like adore, pop idol, nature, and so on.
It will be more complebedroom for those who enter person's room that were by ebedroomciting knowledge.Another facet in decoration is home furnishings. What you discover within your place is your life. This philosophy is applied on adult area. When young people used to place their idols on wall, adult particular person do very same matter in opposite way. This means portray or photo in area not their idols but lifestyle reflection. Men and women may have different view about artwork Nonetheless they concur in one thing without having spoken talking. Ebedroomclusive and antique furnishings Specific their thoughts and sensation. If they need some thing new, mibedrooming and blend two or maybe more house into completely new product is great way. This really is real adult bedroom decorating Thoughts. | [
342,
7426,
29889,
13,
2744,
1228,
2655,
393,
1795,
367,
8560,
491,
366,
338,
15399,
278,
716,
17837,
304,
11086,
278,
5692,
304,
367,
763,
310,
278,
6592,
8345,
29889,
7753,
2466,
366,
505,
2355,
22078,
5619,
29892,
366,
508,
6773,
304,
594,
1398,
372,
411,
777,
3987,
310,
6592,
8345,
323,
4512,
363,
878,
342,
19600,
29889,
10428,
1434,
2599,
445,
9712,
545,
29892,
9801,
366,
505,
278,
286,
1535,
3814,
304,
1735,
278,
2444,
310,
596,
6592,
8345,
29889,
1670,
526,
3196,
6592,
8345,
7014,
363,
878,
342,
19600,
363,
14000,
304,
367,
7436,
29892,
763,
282,
682,
29891,
11261,
29892,
528,
370,
1609,
15877,
1674,
322,
4940,
295,
7014,
29889,
11647,
526,
4780,
322,
2560,
304,
679,
3667,
1891,
29889,
349,
682,
29891,
2969,
5491,
2794,
393,
366,
508,
1634,
2365,
278,
10090,
310,
6743,
6592,
8345,
411,
282,
682,
322,
282,
682,
11955,
29889,
1987,
29892,
1735,
596,
714,
9715,
6592,
8497,
7841,
411,
282,
682,
5376,
411,
29889,
1763,
278,
22329,
15252,
17252,
763,
18002,
3377,
29892,
553,
29895,
29892,
322,
11774,
29892,
896,
526,
4049,
23139,
491,
22471,
29979,
2927,
292,
297,
21104,
11955,
29889,
512,
1797,
363,
366,
263,
27016,
368,
21798,
29892,
925,
3394,
4796,
411,
278,
3271,
15252,
728,
886,
29889,
3251,
635,
29892,
366,
508,
437,
17503,
278,
1021,
3519,
363,
278,
4940,
295,
6592,
8345,
6964,
408,
1532,
29889,
797,
278,
6839,
603,
411,
278,
528,
370,
1609,
521,
293,
13705,
29892,
366,
3763,
881,
679,
777,
4972,
708,
10090,
12070,
414,
411,
27016,
368,
528,
1943,
607,
3160,
282,
682,
29892,
25561,
15116,
1100,
29892,
3708,
552,
29892,
2992,
1308,
29874,
29889,
23868,
278,
2217,
4972,
708,
3184,
361,
304,
8341,
6592,
8345,
3767,
1845,
583,
363,
2319,
19600,
10200,
362,
29889,
12206,
29892,
11417,
278,
12070,
414,
297,
777,
11192,
515,
278,
10090,
29889,
1152,
278,
1571,
5692,
29892,
887,
881,
20590,
278,
4972,
708,
15937,
20060,
322,
731,
701,
963,
373,
450,
282,
2559,
6436,
5633,
310,
1775,
509,
404,
29892,
470,
671,
372,
304,
10200,
403,
596,
3143,
528,
295,
1960,
29889,
12391,
9566,
304,
10551,
884,
278,
1775,
509,
404,
12566,
411,
528,
370,
1609,
521,
293,
963,
29889,
26475,
3598,
29892,
8011,
451,
472,
599,
393,
564,
700,
681,
13907,
29973,
887,
674,
367,
2221,
304,
3867,
1422,
4948,
749,
491,
3907,
671,
310,
443,
2388,
9169,
1281,
1547,
29879,
29889,
29956,
497,
20413,
1281,
1547,
29879,
526,
4610,
1474,
443,
29044,
29889,
13,
1349,
375,
29892,
372,
508,
367,
7618,
1455,
304,
1073,
920,
304,
17583,
3667,
675,
372,
746,
19436,
714,
263,
4628,
6592,
8345,
2874,
29889,
1762,
3380,
411,
29892,
263,
15040,
2969,
304,
437,
746,
1985,
411,
4628,
297,
596,
6592,
8345,
723,
367,
304,
1207,
263,
13114,
391,
2360,
16561,
2198,
2462,
322,
1226,
1927,
5177,
363,
6592,
8345,
29889,
24505,
297,
263,
7303,
310,
325,
4626,
424,
10675,
886,
29889,
739,
674,
10201,
7910,
385,
18666,
749,
310,
1098,
13857,
373,
596,
6592,
8345,
29889,
8011,
1363,
278,
2927,
4628,
3732,
278,
2011,
764,
1835,
322,
12500,
714,
599,
278,
901,
29889,
24162,
263,
4628,
6592,
8345,
3114,
884,
3635,
1169,
366,
526,
11223,
12912,
20657,
724,
264,
537,
3412,
411,
263,
26470,
1951,
372,
338,
2560,
322,
451,
10594,
3643,
975,
13519,
292,
297,
4359,
738,
982,
29889,
910,
338,
297,
12814,
411,
916,
528,
3076,
29889,
3115,
411,
4628,
29892,
887,
674,
817,
304,
1993,
372,
491,
5662,
3864,
393,
366,
505,
4628,
6131,
29892,
521,
7121,
29892,
6592,
2557,
322,
6060,
1584,
6592,
26718,
322,
22549,
1242,
29889,
910,
338,
8959,
304,
1207,
1854,
393,
366,
4017,
263,
10311,
265,
2738,
18272,
29889,
1987,
1449,
29892,
565,
366,
13521,
304,
304,
805,
625,
3291,
2041,
925,
263,
2217,
322,
3160,
777,
2834,
304,
596,
6592,
8345,
29892,
366,
508,
437,
577,
491,
4417,
11158,
5526,
292,
25517,
1316,
408,
13019,
14677,
304,
278,
21083,
297,
278,
6592,
8345,
29889,
6295,
29892,
727,
366,
505,
372,
29892,
777,
6907,
800,
322,
25562,
373,
5837,
304,
679,
4513,
278,
4628,
6592,
8345,
5912,
29889,
23606,
297,
3458,
366,
1795,
864,
304,
367,
13421,
304,
1018,
263,
2217,
1554,
8359,
573,
29889,
1522,
360,
4362,
322,
17623,
332,
681,
304,
1423,
714,
322,
1018,
322,
1058,
338,
9543,
310,
29892,
366,
1033,
10075,
13557,
304,
372,
29889,
29902,
311,
29874,
5304,
515,
599,
975,
278,
2058,
29892,
7148,
16157,
6592,
8345,
10200,
1218,
7014,
29889,
16767,
338,
278,
12187,
2228,
304,
408,
14082,
3271,
5177,
29889,
512,
11143,
6743,
29892,
19600,
817,
304,
367,
7841,
297,
22794,
1319,
322,
1708,
1319,
25005,
29889,
2688,
6755,
304,
671,
1009,
2913,
408,
1708,
2057,
29889,
1763,
952,
526,
278,
1556,
3619,
10929,
363,
1009,
4038,
29889,
1932,
10443,
23080,
7910,
304,
734,
264,
29892,
4038,
26278,
2971,
1711,
29889,
512,
278,
6763,
931,
29892,
2058,
5692,
304,
367,
14322,
4870,
287,
411,
304,
952,
470,
3099,
763,
393,
29889,
739,
3614,
4655,
1735,
304,
1568,
901,
2702,
11261,
763,
594,
487,
29892,
1835,
1178,
324,
29892,
5469,
29892,
322,
577,
373,
29889,
13,
3112,
674,
367,
901,
1614,
2580,
8345,
363,
1906,
1058,
3896,
2022,
29915,
29879,
5716,
393,
892,
491,
321,
2580,
8345,
29883,
11407,
7134,
29889,
2744,
1228,
4024,
300,
297,
10200,
362,
338,
3271,
15252,
728,
886,
29889,
1724,
366,
6523,
2629,
596,
2058,
338,
596,
2834,
29889,
910,
22237,
338,
7436,
373,
16157,
4038,
29889,
1932,
4123,
2305,
1304,
304,
2058,
1009,
1178,
3775,
373,
10090,
29892,
16157,
3153,
2022,
437,
1407,
1021,
4383,
297,
11564,
982,
29889,
910,
2794,
2011,
764,
470,
15373,
297,
4038,
451,
1009,
1178,
3775,
541,
301,
7004,
1508,
17842,
29889,
7567,
322,
5866,
1122,
505,
1422,
1776,
1048,
1616,
1287,
10050,
621,
6393,
896,
378,
2764,
297,
697,
2655,
1728,
2534,
19182,
9963,
29889,
382,
2580,
8345,
7009,
573,
322,
3677,
1387,
15252,
728,
886,
21220,
1009,
13133,
322,
4771,
362,
29889,
960,
896,
817,
777,
2655,
716,
29892,
286,
747,
287,
8345,
292,
322,
1999,
355,
1023,
470,
5505,
901,
3699,
964,
6446,
716,
3234,
338,
2107,
982,
29889,
910,
2289,
338,
1855,
16157,
6592,
8345,
10200,
1218,
498,
1774,
29879,
29889
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.438052 | -1.535934 | -2.487979 | -1.013419 |
Boys have special style about space decoration. There are numerous bedroom designs for boys, which satisfy their requires. To develop specific space for them, individuals strategy from theme aspect. On this element, big points like furnishings, colour, and lighting are combined into one individual topic. As regular boys topic just about anything that demonstrate their character, emotion, awareness, and upcoming. As Many individuals said, boys will talk about desire and upcoming. They can be in very good ages for all times progress. With right style and placing, bedroom would impact the vast majority of boys' lifestyle. As subject a fact, no matter what they do mirror on bedroom immediate or indirectly.Common concept for boys is Activity.
1 pretty practical suggestion would be to persist with two principal hues and one particular minimal coloration. The 2 major shades perform to go over most within your living room whilst the insignificant shade adds that eliving roomtra magical contact to it. This way, your living room will glance harmonious rather than too overwhelming. This also encourages visual move and creates a common superb ambiance. This makes it so less of a challenge on the attention.So, to sum issues up, when talking about modern living room models, you should concentrate on keeping for your area of interest, and producing visual harmony. Hope this aided.Readily available in a number of styles, measurements and elements, it's understandable that choosing an Workplace desk is often really place you within a dilemma. In any case, there are actually many different types of desks readily available available in the market to choose from. Also, in the event you're not likely certain Whatever you're seeking, this can be all the more of a task for you personally. Even so, there is without a doubt a single out there that may match your operate Room correctly. No matter whether it's in your case when carrying out Focus on your Computer system or your kids performing their college homework, factors are created less complicated with a corner eliving roomamine desk that works in your caseA corner research desk differs from standard desks since it completely utilizes any corner Place thats if not unoccupied and winds up getting squandered Room. They arrive in a variety of cozy layouts that support organize matters and maintain them helpful.
Masculine living room types are characterized by The easy glimpse and color, as an eliving roomample the minimalist structure, modern-day layout and futuristic layout. For yourself which have no time, minimalist living room is eliving roomcellent to get picked. Neutral hues which include blue, black, and grey are The good choices on your very simple masculine interior shade. Starting from the wall, you may paint your wall with just one of such neutral tones. Just in case to provide the new seems to be, repaint your white wall in a aspect with gray as well as black. Painting a person aspect on the wall will make your living room appears to be like alive. Then, you will be able to handle the living room machines. Spot the minimalist sofa, fashionable TV, DVD player, rug, and desk to fill the emptiness on your area. In addition, put the couch in opposition to the grey (or black) wall aspect. Then, set the enjoyment equipment like TV and DVD participant on the opposite place in the sofa. You can utilize desk or dangle the Television within the wall to save Areas In the event your living room is not sufficiently big. To make it glance tidy, area compact desk which has the eliving roomact same thought as the sofa during the front of couch. Also, to make you a lot easier in handling the things, you will be far better to select minimalist type of household furniture.
You could offer Individuals previous pictures hanging in your wall to flea sector. They appreciate antique things similar to you recognize The cash they provide on your outdated stuffs. Decorating living room with a price range will need more money out of your unused aged things.For those who have a property with a substantial more than enough dimension and continue to perpleliving roomed about just what the decoration really should look like, then the Mid Century present day rooms is a wonderful selection. Shades of medieval decor are sometimes the choice for anyone who has a huge and tasteful dwelling. Within the medieval decor, it can be dominated by European models. Moreover, the inside decorations or ornaments have magnificent, lavish and elegant features like in the ecu royal. Nowadays, we reside in a modern period where all the things is modern or contemporary. It is actually | [
8431,
952,
505,
4266,
3114,
1048,
2913,
10200,
362,
29889,
1670,
526,
12727,
6592,
8345,
25517,
363,
12544,
29892,
607,
15523,
1009,
6858,
29889,
1763,
2693,
2702,
2913,
363,
963,
29892,
15724,
13705,
515,
10929,
9565,
29889,
1551,
445,
1543,
29892,
4802,
3291,
763,
15252,
728,
886,
29892,
12384,
29892,
322,
3578,
292,
526,
12420,
964,
697,
5375,
11261,
29889,
1094,
4943,
12544,
11261,
925,
1048,
3099,
393,
22222,
1009,
2931,
29892,
953,
8194,
29892,
3773,
8326,
404,
29892,
322,
701,
11506,
29889,
1094,
9267,
15724,
1497,
29892,
12544,
674,
5193,
1048,
13521,
322,
701,
11506,
29889,
2688,
508,
367,
297,
1407,
1781,
24646,
363,
599,
3064,
6728,
29889,
2973,
1492,
3114,
322,
24421,
29892,
6592,
8345,
723,
10879,
278,
13426,
13638,
310,
12544,
29915,
301,
7004,
1508,
29889,
1094,
4967,
263,
2114,
29892,
694,
4383,
825,
896,
437,
19571,
373,
6592,
8345,
16800,
470,
26377,
368,
29889,
18877,
6964,
363,
12544,
338,
13414,
29889,
13,
29896,
5051,
15031,
8998,
723,
367,
304,
24379,
411,
1023,
5882,
298,
1041,
322,
697,
3153,
13114,
2927,
362,
29889,
450,
29871,
29906,
4655,
528,
3076,
2189,
304,
748,
975,
1556,
2629,
596,
8471,
5716,
21109,
278,
1663,
647,
928,
424,
528,
1943,
12778,
393,
560,
4357,
5716,
3018,
2320,
936,
6958,
304,
372,
29889,
910,
982,
29892,
596,
8471,
5716,
674,
21798,
10311,
265,
2738,
3265,
1135,
2086,
975,
1332,
295,
4056,
29889,
910,
884,
18443,
267,
7604,
4337,
322,
10017,
263,
3619,
2428,
29890,
3181,
8837,
29889,
910,
3732,
372,
577,
3109,
310,
263,
18766,
373,
278,
8570,
29889,
6295,
29892,
304,
2533,
5626,
701,
29892,
746,
9963,
1048,
5400,
8471,
5716,
4733,
29892,
366,
881,
10484,
10492,
373,
12515,
363,
596,
4038,
310,
4066,
29892,
322,
20811,
7604,
10311,
2592,
29889,
7963,
445,
263,
2618,
29889,
6359,
2354,
3625,
297,
263,
1353,
310,
11949,
29892,
20398,
322,
3161,
29892,
372,
29915,
29879,
2274,
519,
393,
23906,
385,
5244,
6689,
553,
29895,
338,
4049,
2289,
2058,
366,
2629,
263,
270,
488,
29885,
655,
29889,
512,
738,
1206,
29892,
727,
526,
2869,
1784,
1422,
4072,
310,
553,
2039,
28520,
3625,
3625,
297,
278,
9999,
304,
6755,
515,
29889,
3115,
29892,
297,
278,
1741,
366,
29915,
276,
451,
5517,
3058,
806,
5564,
366,
29915,
276,
25738,
29892,
445,
508,
367,
599,
278,
901,
310,
263,
3414,
363,
366,
22345,
29889,
7753,
577,
29892,
727,
338,
1728,
263,
7404,
263,
2323,
714,
727,
393,
1122,
1993,
596,
21994,
25114,
5149,
29889,
1939,
4383,
3692,
372,
29915,
29879,
297,
596,
1206,
746,
19436,
714,
383,
5421,
373,
596,
20972,
1788,
470,
596,
413,
4841,
15859,
1009,
12755,
3271,
1287,
29892,
13879,
526,
2825,
3109,
12092,
411,
263,
11155,
560,
4357,
5716,
314,
457,
553,
29895,
393,
1736,
297,
596,
1206,
29909,
11155,
5925,
553,
29895,
2923,
414,
515,
3918,
553,
2039,
1951,
372,
6446,
3667,
7093,
738,
11155,
15484,
20952,
565,
451,
443,
16770,
1000,
322,
8805,
29879,
701,
2805,
10674,
3825,
287,
25114,
29889,
2688,
18331,
297,
263,
12875,
310,
1302,
1537,
5912,
29879,
393,
2304,
2894,
675,
13750,
322,
7344,
963,
8444,
29889,
13,
29924,
294,
1810,
457,
8471,
5716,
4072,
526,
2931,
1891,
491,
450,
4780,
330,
12552,
344,
322,
2927,
29892,
408,
385,
560,
4357,
5716,
981,
278,
13114,
391,
3829,
29892,
5400,
29899,
3250,
5912,
322,
3105,
332,
4695,
5912,
29889,
1152,
7535,
607,
505,
694,
931,
29892,
13114,
391,
8471,
5716,
338,
560,
4357,
5716,
3729,
296,
304,
679,
18691,
29889,
2448,
329,
1705,
298,
1041,
607,
3160,
7254,
29892,
4628,
29892,
322,
18345,
526,
450,
1781,
19995,
373,
596,
1407,
2560,
21799,
457,
13290,
528,
1943,
29889,
23748,
515,
278,
10090,
29892,
366,
1122,
10675,
596,
10090,
411,
925,
697,
310,
1316,
21104,
260,
2873,
29889,
3387,
297,
1206,
304,
3867,
278,
716,
2444,
304,
367,
29892,
1634,
2365,
596,
4796,
10090,
297,
263,
9565,
411,
16749,
408,
1532,
408,
4628,
29889,
349,
475,
1259,
263,
2022,
9565,
373,
278,
10090,
674,
1207,
596,
8471,
5716,
5692,
304,
367,
763,
18758,
29889,
1987,
29892,
366,
674,
367,
2221,
304,
4386,
278,
8471,
5716,
14884,
29889,
1706,
327,
278,
13114,
391,
577,
5444,
29892,
13460,
519,
5648,
29892,
15191,
4847,
29892,
29833,
29892,
322,
553,
29895,
304,
5445,
278,
953,
415,
3335,
373,
596,
4038,
29889,
512,
6124,
29892,
1925,
278,
274,
3222,
297,
19626,
304,
278,
18345,
313,
272,
4628,
29897,
10090,
9565,
29889,
1987,
29892,
731,
278,
13389,
358,
21083,
763,
5648,
322,
15191,
5221,
424,
373,
278,
11564,
2058,
297,
278,
577,
5444,
29889,
887,
508,
3667,
675,
553,
29895,
470,
270,
2521,
278,
22417,
2629,
278,
10090,
304,
4078,
4683,
294,
512,
278,
1741,
596,
8471,
5716,
338,
451,
18430,
4802,
29889,
1763,
1207,
372,
21798,
10668,
29891,
29892,
4038,
11071,
553,
29895,
607,
756,
278,
560,
4357,
5716,
627,
1021,
2714,
408,
278,
577,
5444,
2645,
278,
4565,
310,
274,
3222,
29889,
3115,
29892,
304,
1207,
366,
263,
3287,
6775,
297,
11415,
278,
2712,
29892,
366,
674,
367,
2215,
2253,
304,
1831,
13114,
391,
1134,
310,
22329,
15252,
17252,
29889,
13,
3492,
1033,
5957,
1894,
23352,
29879,
3517,
14956,
298,
9776,
297,
596,
10090,
304,
9115,
29874,
17535,
29889,
2688,
11188,
3677,
1387,
2712,
2788,
304,
366,
18720,
450,
274,
1161,
896,
3867,
373,
596,
714,
9715,
6433,
29879,
29889,
3826,
272,
1218,
8471,
5716,
411,
263,
8666,
3464,
674,
817,
901,
6909,
714,
310,
596,
443,
3880,
26552,
2712,
29889,
2831,
1906,
1058,
505,
263,
2875,
411,
263,
23228,
901,
1135,
3307,
9927,
322,
6773,
304,
639,
552,
29880,
4357,
5716,
287,
1048,
925,
825,
278,
10200,
362,
2289,
881,
1106,
763,
29892,
769,
278,
13370,
24027,
2198,
2462,
19600,
338,
263,
20695,
9262,
29889,
1383,
3076,
310,
27690,
10200,
526,
6041,
278,
7348,
363,
5019,
1058,
756,
263,
12176,
322,
21779,
1319,
24013,
292,
29889,
23732,
278,
27690,
10200,
29892,
372,
508,
367,
8022,
630,
491,
7824,
4733,
29889,
12808,
29892,
278,
2768,
10200,
800,
470,
15937,
20060,
505,
29154,
296,
29892,
22181,
728,
322,
19232,
5680,
763,
297,
278,
321,
4979,
15150,
29889,
2567,
328,
1036,
29892,
591,
620,
680,
297,
263,
5400,
3785,
988,
599,
278,
2712,
338,
5400,
470,
24952,
29889,
739,
338,
2869
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.230282 | -1.407453 | -2.10423 | -0.807718 |
/**
* Model for trees that use GeoExt tree components. It can also hold plain
* Ext JS layer nodes.
*
* This model adds several fields that are specific to tree extensions
* provided by GeoExt:
*
* * **plugins** Object[]: The plugins for this node.
* * **layer** OpenLayers.Layer: The layer this node is connected to.
* * **container** Ext.AbstractPlugin: The instance of a container plugin.
* Read only.
* * **checkedGroup** String: An identifier for a group of mutually exclusive
* layers. If set, the node will render with a radio button instead of a
* checkbox.
* * **fixedText** Boolean: Used to determine if a node's name should change.
* dynamically if the name of the connected layer changes, if any. Read only.
* * **component** Ext.Component: The component to be rendered with this node,
* if any.
* * **disabled** Boolean: Used to reflect whether the associated layer is
* in range (visible in the current map scale).
*
* A typical configuration that makes use of some of these extended sttings
* could look like this:
*
* {
* plugins: [{ptype: 'gx_layer'}],
* layer: myLayerRecord.getLayer(),
* checkedGroup: 'natural',
* component: {
* xtype: "gx_wmslegend",
* layerRecord: myLayerRecord,
* showTitle: false
* }
* }
*
* The above creates a node with a GeoExt.tree.LayerNode plugin, and connects
* it to a layer record that was previously assigned to the myLayerRecord
* variable. The node will be rendered with a GeoExt.container.WmsLegend,
* configured with the same layer.
*
* @class GeoExt.data.LayerTreeModel
*/
Ext.define('GeoExt.data.LayerTreeModel',{
alternateClassName: 'GeoExt.data.LayerTreeRecord',
extend: 'Ext.data.Model',
requires: [
'Ext.data.proxy.Memory',
'Ext.data.reader.Json',
'GeoExt.Version'
],
alias: 'model.gx_layertree',
fields: [
{name: 'text', type: 'string'},
{name: 'plugins'},
{name: 'layer'},
{name: 'container'},
{name: 'checkedGroup', type: 'string'},
{name: 'fixedText', type: 'bool'},
{name: 'component'},
{name: 'disabled', type: 'bool', defaultValue: 'false'}
],
proxy: {
type: "memory"
},
// TODO This is also been used in WmsLegend, refactor so this can be reused
// or shared
/**
* A regular expression to validate whether a given string is a valid id
* ready to be used either as `id` or `itemId` property. In Ext 5 we can
* use #Ext.validIdRe, in Ext 4 we define our own regular expression.
* See #layernameToItemId.
*
* @private
*/
validIdRe: Ext.validIdRe || (/^[a-z_][a-z0-9\-_]*$/i),
/**
* A regular expression matching all non allowed characters in possible
* itemId. See #layernameToItemId.
*
* @private
*/
illegalItemIdRe: (/[^\w\-]+/g),
/**
* A string we use as a prefix when we need to construct our own itemIds
* out of user supplied layer names. See #layernameToItemId
*
* @private
*/
itemIdPrefix: "gx_itemId_",
/**
* Turns a given recordname into a string suitable for usage as an
* itemId-property. See {Ext.Component#itemId}:
*
* "Valid identifiers start with a letter or underscore and are followed
* by (optional) additional letters, underscores, digits or hyphens."
*
* @param | [
29871,
13,
13,
7918,
13,
334,
8125,
363,
10697,
393,
671,
1879,
29877,
5647,
5447,
7117,
29889,
739,
508,
884,
4808,
8656,
13,
334,
7338,
7649,
7546,
7573,
29889,
13,
334,
13,
334,
910,
1904,
12778,
3196,
4235,
393,
526,
2702,
304,
5447,
17752,
13,
334,
4944,
491,
1879,
29877,
5647,
29901,
13,
334,
13,
334,
334,
3579,
12800,
1068,
4669,
2636,
29901,
450,
18224,
363,
445,
2943,
29889,
13,
334,
334,
3579,
13148,
1068,
4673,
29931,
388,
414,
29889,
14420,
29901,
450,
7546,
445,
2943,
338,
6631,
304,
29889,
13,
334,
334,
3579,
7611,
1068,
7338,
29889,
9118,
16288,
29901,
450,
2777,
310,
263,
5639,
7079,
29889,
13,
334,
259,
7523,
871,
29889,
13,
334,
334,
3579,
11238,
4782,
1068,
1714,
29901,
530,
15882,
363,
263,
2318,
310,
5478,
1474,
29192,
13,
334,
259,
15359,
29889,
960,
731,
29892,
278,
2943,
674,
4050,
411,
263,
7155,
2826,
2012,
310,
263,
13,
334,
259,
12527,
29889,
13,
334,
334,
3579,
20227,
1626,
1068,
11185,
29901,
501,
8485,
304,
8161,
565,
263,
2943,
29915,
29879,
1024,
881,
1735,
29889,
13,
334,
259,
11200,
565,
278,
1024,
310,
278,
6631,
7546,
3620,
29892,
565,
738,
29889,
7523,
871,
29889,
13,
334,
334,
3579,
9700,
1068,
7338,
29889,
5308,
29901,
450,
4163,
304,
367,
13751,
411,
445,
2943,
29892,
13,
334,
259,
565,
738,
29889,
13,
334,
334,
3579,
18279,
1068,
11185,
29901,
501,
8485,
304,
9432,
3692,
278,
6942,
7546,
338,
13,
334,
259,
297,
3464,
313,
12872,
297,
278,
1857,
2910,
6287,
467,
13,
334,
13,
334,
319,
15662,
5285,
393,
3732,
671,
310,
777,
310,
1438,
10410,
380,
29873,
886,
13,
334,
1033,
1106,
763,
445,
29901,
13,
334,
13,
334,
268,
426,
13,
334,
308,
18224,
29901,
15974,
415,
668,
29901,
525,
29887,
29916,
29918,
13148,
10827,
1402,
13,
334,
308,
7546,
29901,
590,
14420,
9182,
29889,
657,
14420,
3285,
13,
334,
308,
7120,
4782,
29901,
525,
25047,
742,
13,
334,
308,
4163,
29901,
426,
13,
334,
795,
486,
668,
29901,
376,
29887,
29916,
29918,
29893,
1516,
26172,
613,
13,
334,
632,
7546,
9182,
29901,
590,
14420,
9182,
29892,
13,
334,
632,
1510,
7030,
29901,
2089,
13,
334,
308,
500,
13,
334,
268,
500,
13,
334,
13,
334,
450,
2038,
10017,
263,
2943,
411,
263,
1879,
29877,
5647,
29889,
8336,
29889,
14420,
4247,
7079,
29892,
322,
4511,
29879,
13,
334,
372,
304,
263,
7546,
2407,
393,
471,
9251,
9859,
304,
278,
590,
14420,
9182,
13,
334,
2286,
29889,
450,
2943,
674,
367,
13751,
411,
263,
1879,
29877,
5647,
29889,
7611,
29889,
29956,
1516,
22988,
355,
29892,
13,
334,
13252,
411,
278,
1021,
7546,
29889,
13,
334,
13,
334,
732,
1990,
1879,
29877,
5647,
29889,
1272,
29889,
14420,
9643,
3195,
13,
3776,
13,
5647,
29889,
7922,
877,
7999,
29877,
5647,
29889,
1272,
29889,
14420,
9643,
3195,
742,
29912,
13,
1678,
25010,
23607,
29901,
525,
7999,
29877,
5647,
29889,
1272,
29889,
14420,
9643,
9182,
742,
13,
1678,
10985,
29901,
525,
5647,
29889,
1272,
29889,
3195,
742,
13,
1678,
6858,
29901,
518,
13,
4706,
525,
5647,
29889,
1272,
29889,
14701,
29889,
16015,
742,
13,
4706,
525,
5647,
29889,
1272,
29889,
16950,
29889,
8148,
742,
13,
4706,
525,
7999,
29877,
5647,
29889,
6594,
29915,
13,
1678,
21251,
13,
1678,
13995,
29901,
525,
4299,
29889,
29887,
29916,
29918,
8387,
814,
929,
742,
13,
1678,
4235,
29901,
518,
13,
4706,
426,
978,
29901,
525,
726,
742,
1134,
29901,
525,
1807,
16675,
13,
4706,
426,
978,
29901,
525,
12800,
16675,
13,
4706,
426,
978,
29901,
525,
13148,
16675,
13,
4706,
426,
978,
29901,
525,
7611,
16675,
13,
4706,
426,
978,
29901,
525,
11238,
4782,
742,
1134,
29901,
525,
1807,
16675,
13,
4706,
426,
978,
29901,
525,
20227,
1626,
742,
1134,
29901,
525,
11227,
16675,
13,
4706,
426,
978,
29901,
525,
9700,
16675,
13,
4706,
426,
978,
29901,
525,
18279,
742,
1134,
29901,
525,
11227,
742,
2322,
1917,
29901,
525,
4541,
10827,
13,
1678,
21251,
13,
1678,
10166,
29901,
426,
13,
4706,
1134,
29901,
376,
14834,
29908,
13,
1678,
2981,
13,
13,
1678,
849,
14402,
910,
338,
884,
1063,
1304,
297,
399,
1516,
22988,
355,
29892,
28559,
577,
445,
508,
367,
337,
3880,
13,
1678,
849,
418,
470,
7258,
13,
1678,
7762,
13,
268,
334,
319,
4943,
4603,
304,
12725,
3692,
263,
2183,
1347,
338,
263,
2854,
1178,
13,
268,
334,
7960,
304,
367,
1304,
2845,
408,
421,
333,
29952,
470,
421,
667,
1204,
29952,
2875,
29889,
512,
7338,
29871,
29945,
591,
508,
13,
268,
334,
671,
396,
5647,
29889,
3084,
1204,
1123,
29892,
297,
7338,
29871,
29946,
591,
4529,
1749,
1914,
4943,
4603,
29889,
13,
268,
334,
2823,
396,
8387,
4510,
1762,
2001,
1204,
29889,
13,
268,
334,
13,
268,
334,
732,
9053,
13,
268,
3776,
13,
1678,
2854,
1204,
1123,
29901,
7338,
29889,
3084,
1204,
1123,
3830,
20374,
29985,
29961,
29874,
29899,
29920,
29918,
3816,
29874,
29899,
29920,
29900,
29899,
29929,
29905,
29899,
29918,
14178,
29938,
29914,
29875,
511,
13,
13,
1678,
7762,
13,
268,
334,
319,
4943,
4603,
9686,
599,
1661,
6068,
4890,
297,
1950,
13,
268,
334,
2944,
1204,
29889,
2823,
396,
8387,
4510,
1762,
2001,
1204,
29889,
13,
268,
334,
13,
268,
334,
732,
9053,
13,
268,
3776,
13,
1678,
27302,
2001,
1204,
1123,
29901,
20374,
29961,
3823,
29893,
29905,
29899,
10062,
29914,
29887,
511,
13,
13,
1678,
7762,
13,
268,
334,
319,
1347,
591,
671,
408,
263,
10944,
746,
591,
817,
304,
3386,
1749,
1914,
2944,
21943,
13,
268,
334,
714,
310,
1404,
19056,
7546,
2983,
29889,
2823,
396,
8387,
4510,
1762,
2001,
1204,
13,
268,
334,
13,
268,
334,
732,
9053,
13,
268,
3776,
13,
1678,
2944,
1204,
23095,
29901,
376,
29887,
29916,
29918,
667,
1204,
29918,
613,
13,
13,
1678,
7762,
13,
268,
334,
9603,
29879,
263,
2183,
2407,
978,
964,
263,
1347,
13907,
363,
8744,
408,
385,
13,
268,
334,
2944,
1204,
29899,
6799,
29889,
2823,
426,
5647,
29889,
5308,
29937,
667,
1204,
6177,
13,
268,
334,
13,
268,
334,
376,
7211,
2893,
14903,
1369,
411,
263,
5497,
470,
23400,
3221,
322,
526,
5643,
13,
268,
334,
491,
313,
25253,
29897,
5684,
8721,
29892,
23400,
29883,
2361,
29892,
13340,
470,
7498,
561,
575,
1213,
13,
268,
334,
13,
268,
334,
732,
3207
] | 1,024 | Github | -0.838479 | 0.888328 | -0.653064 | 0.278495 |
Paula Triggs | BEOS Radio!
Some singers live and must work with non-singers. It's not fair, but there it is. Those people that unearthed harmony using one or more singers would be your nearest thing to wonder in life will find yourself an addiction for this.
What exactly do people enjoy this when they don't really recognize a single soul that is able to endure stability or even grip the tune if you attempt to sing stability?
Plenty of people may sing, however, maybe perhaps not most of them are able to sing, harmony or perhaps know exactly what it's! Have you noticed somebody nearby so they jump on your own stability plus you'll be able to sing, which means you attempt to bring stability?
Well, I will let you know what harmony fans surrounded by the stability disabled do. Where they are able to get it, they obtain it. For me personally, which features items which produce a much musical sound. I have sung duets with the warning bell at my automobile horn my vehicle, floor cleaner, and trains. Those two are great since they possess their stability. You also have a computer having an online connection and are you currently in such a category, you're in luck. You have to sing harmony on your own.
Aside from the items that less than £100 on Clean Home Guide here is what you need: a personal computer with a soundcard and an online connection, an mp3 player, and a mike, and a computer mic.
After that, install and download the open-minded audio app. Connect your microphone in your soundcard's input, and also your headset to the jack that is. That is actually what you would like to complete with it you list what's coming and that you do not want to really do, although you might have to disconnect your speakers. You're prepared up.
Whatever you have to complete in the point is available Audacity, hit on the button with the huge red dot onto it, and commence singing in your mic. You sing stability having a voice as opposed to hoover and can play back that, or you might set a track that is second. you, Like that, is going to singing, also you'll be able to sing together with magic! You can keep doing this before you turn if you would like to.
How cool was that? All you want to do is wash up. There are a lot of tutorials available showing you should you get yourself a little lost just how you can use Audacity. Home-brew Audio offers a tutorial on singing harmony. Try it out if you've got 30 minutes. Besides, you'll be able to quit singing.
Anybody who's considering starting a home-based business in e-commerce could look at this proposal: Gear a blog site with an artist's product!
Music along with the artists that play with it have existed for years and years. This is actually really just an authentic and weary niche having year-round consumer requirement that could be perfect and a target market.
If you opt to drop-ship musical merchandise, you are going to have a wide array of services and products to provide your buying viewer since that can be an extensive niche. It is so extensive that appeal to 1 department of musicians and also you may opt to narrow your attention.
On the flip side, if you're some of the men and women who abhor the notion of earning money on the table just by simply not needing something for all of us; then you might stock your digital store shelves having plenty of selections for artists.
Once it has to do with drop-shipping artist's product, what type of services and products can you sell?
Do not overlook artists such as for example the ones in school bands and marching bands, either, since this set of consumers have a demand for the sort of goods that you would be drop-shipping.
Once it involves marketing artist's product to improve sales at home dropship small enterprise, make use of such methods as social networking advertising, email marketing and much more. Competitions and promotions are popular.
It really is a distinct segment that lends itself well to advertising sharing, too. By way of instance, you may share adverts as you'd be attempting to sell services and products with a site which sells applications and ring pajamas or music recording equipment. AD sharing is just actually really a means to drive customers and traffic.
Where do you drop-ship artist's product?
You will find a number of sites which are good platforms that you drop-ship the artist's product. You might want, particularly to | [
2621,
2497,
1605,
335,
3174,
891,
20700,
3267,
9204,
29991,
13,
9526,
1809,
414,
5735,
322,
1818,
664,
411,
1661,
29899,
2976,
414,
29889,
739,
29915,
29879,
451,
6534,
29892,
541,
727,
372,
338,
29889,
16025,
2305,
393,
443,
799,
386,
287,
10311,
2592,
773,
697,
470,
901,
1809,
414,
723,
367,
596,
20471,
2655,
304,
4997,
297,
2834,
674,
1284,
7535,
385,
788,
2463,
363,
445,
29889,
13,
5618,
3721,
437,
2305,
13389,
445,
746,
896,
1016,
29915,
29873,
2289,
18720,
263,
2323,
10752,
393,
338,
2221,
304,
1095,
545,
25806,
470,
1584,
330,
6472,
278,
260,
1540,
565,
366,
4218,
304,
1809,
25806,
29973,
13,
3247,
6478,
310,
2305,
1122,
1809,
29892,
3138,
29892,
5505,
6060,
451,
1556,
310,
963,
526,
2221,
304,
1809,
29892,
10311,
2592,
470,
6060,
1073,
3721,
825,
372,
29915,
29879,
29991,
6975,
366,
10548,
18462,
20810,
577,
896,
12500,
373,
596,
1914,
25806,
2298,
366,
29915,
645,
367,
2221,
304,
1809,
29892,
607,
2794,
366,
4218,
304,
6963,
25806,
29973,
13,
11284,
29892,
306,
674,
1235,
366,
1073,
825,
10311,
2592,
24909,
22047,
491,
278,
25806,
12708,
437,
29889,
6804,
896,
526,
2221,
304,
679,
372,
29892,
896,
4017,
372,
29889,
1152,
592,
22345,
29892,
607,
5680,
4452,
607,
7738,
263,
1568,
9636,
6047,
29889,
306,
505,
269,
686,
868,
1691,
411,
278,
9177,
22623,
472,
590,
3345,
5249,
25341,
590,
19716,
29892,
11904,
27372,
29892,
322,
22983,
29889,
16025,
1023,
526,
2107,
1951,
896,
22592,
1009,
25806,
29889,
887,
884,
505,
263,
6601,
2534,
385,
7395,
3957,
322,
526,
366,
5279,
297,
1316,
263,
7663,
29892,
366,
29915,
276,
297,
9885,
29889,
887,
505,
304,
1809,
10311,
2592,
373,
596,
1914,
29889,
13,
2887,
680,
515,
278,
4452,
393,
3109,
1135,
15151,
29896,
29900,
29900,
373,
315,
14044,
8778,
16886,
1244,
338,
825,
366,
817,
29901,
263,
7333,
6601,
411,
263,
6047,
7543,
322,
385,
7395,
3957,
29892,
385,
22326,
29941,
4847,
29892,
322,
263,
3737,
446,
29892,
322,
263,
6601,
20710,
29889,
13,
13555,
393,
29892,
2601,
322,
5142,
278,
1722,
29899,
24021,
287,
10348,
623,
29889,
14971,
596,
9200,
6710,
297,
596,
6047,
7543,
29915,
29879,
1881,
29892,
322,
884,
596,
2343,
842,
304,
278,
28015,
393,
338,
29889,
2193,
338,
2869,
825,
366,
723,
763,
304,
4866,
411,
372,
366,
1051,
825,
29915,
29879,
6421,
322,
393,
366,
437,
451,
864,
304,
2289,
437,
29892,
5998,
366,
1795,
505,
304,
766,
6915,
596,
7726,
414,
29889,
887,
29915,
276,
13240,
701,
29889,
13,
8809,
5564,
366,
505,
304,
4866,
297,
278,
1298,
338,
3625,
8612,
5946,
29892,
7124,
373,
278,
2826,
411,
278,
12176,
2654,
8329,
11480,
372,
29892,
322,
24108,
23623,
297,
596,
20710,
29889,
887,
1809,
25806,
2534,
263,
7314,
408,
15869,
304,
5089,
957,
322,
508,
1708,
1250,
393,
29892,
470,
366,
1795,
731,
263,
5702,
393,
338,
1473,
29889,
366,
29892,
8502,
393,
29892,
338,
2675,
304,
23623,
29892,
884,
366,
29915,
645,
367,
2221,
304,
1809,
4208,
411,
15709,
29991,
887,
508,
3013,
2599,
445,
1434,
366,
2507,
565,
366,
723,
763,
304,
29889,
13,
5328,
12528,
471,
393,
29973,
2178,
366,
864,
304,
437,
338,
471,
29882,
701,
29889,
1670,
526,
263,
3287,
310,
25410,
3625,
6445,
366,
881,
366,
679,
7535,
263,
2217,
5714,
925,
920,
366,
508,
671,
8612,
5946,
29889,
8778,
29899,
1030,
29893,
21764,
16688,
263,
9673,
373,
23623,
10311,
2592,
29889,
3967,
372,
714,
565,
366,
29915,
345,
2355,
29871,
29941,
29900,
6233,
29889,
19065,
29892,
366,
29915,
645,
367,
2221,
304,
23283,
23623,
29889,
13,
10773,
2587,
1058,
29915,
29879,
13858,
6257,
263,
3271,
29899,
6707,
5381,
297,
321,
29899,
22529,
1033,
1106,
472,
445,
24963,
29901,
402,
799,
263,
12618,
3268,
411,
385,
7664,
29915,
29879,
3234,
29991,
13,
21238,
3412,
411,
278,
17906,
393,
1708,
411,
372,
505,
22856,
363,
2440,
322,
2440,
29889,
910,
338,
2869,
2289,
925,
385,
15585,
322,
591,
653,
302,
4070,
2534,
1629,
29899,
14486,
21691,
11809,
393,
1033,
367,
4922,
322,
263,
3646,
9999,
29889,
13,
3644,
366,
3523,
304,
5768,
29899,
3527,
9636,
2778,
305,
392,
895,
29892,
366,
526,
2675,
304,
505,
263,
9377,
1409,
310,
5786,
322,
9316,
304,
3867,
596,
1321,
5414,
6316,
556,
1951,
393,
508,
367,
385,
20607,
302,
4070,
29889,
739,
338,
577,
20607,
393,
25530,
304,
29871,
29896,
14311,
310,
2301,
14722,
322,
884,
366,
1122,
3523,
304,
12474,
596,
8570,
29889,
13,
2951,
278,
285,
3466,
2625,
29892,
565,
366,
29915,
276,
777,
310,
278,
1757,
322,
5866,
1058,
633,
2015,
278,
17837,
310,
2326,
1076,
6909,
373,
278,
1591,
925,
491,
3763,
451,
817,
292,
1554,
363,
599,
310,
502,
29936,
769,
366,
1795,
10961,
596,
13436,
3787,
528,
295,
1960,
2534,
20947,
310,
409,
5942,
363,
17906,
29889,
13,
26222,
372,
756,
304,
437,
411,
5768,
29899,
845,
17347,
7664,
29915,
29879,
3234,
29892,
825,
1134,
310,
5786,
322,
9316,
508,
366,
19417,
29973,
13,
6132,
451,
975,
6914,
17906,
1316,
408,
363,
1342,
278,
6743,
297,
3762,
22706,
322,
8575,
292,
22706,
29892,
2845,
29892,
1951,
445,
731,
310,
11233,
414,
505,
263,
9667,
363,
278,
2656,
310,
22535,
393,
366,
723,
367,
5768,
29899,
845,
17347,
29889,
13,
26222,
372,
20789,
9999,
292,
7664,
29915,
29879,
3234,
304,
11157,
16538,
472,
3271,
4441,
567,
4034,
2319,
3896,
7734,
29892,
1207,
671,
310,
1316,
3519,
408,
5264,
28127,
18811,
5921,
29892,
4876,
9999,
292,
322,
1568,
901,
29889,
24620,
2187,
322,
2504,
327,
1080,
526,
5972,
29889,
13,
3112,
2289,
338,
263,
8359,
10768,
393,
301,
1975,
3528,
1532,
304,
18811,
5921,
19383,
29892,
2086,
29889,
2648,
982,
310,
2777,
29892,
366,
1122,
6232,
594,
369,
1372,
408,
366,
29915,
29881,
367,
15661,
304,
19417,
5786,
322,
9316,
411,
263,
3268,
607,
269,
10071,
8324,
322,
9228,
282,
1175,
314,
294,
470,
4696,
16867,
21083,
29889,
11033,
19383,
338,
925,
2869,
2289,
263,
2794,
304,
7899,
20330,
322,
12469,
29889,
13,
11921,
437,
366,
5768,
29899,
3527,
7664,
29915,
29879,
3234,
29973,
13,
3492,
674,
1284,
263,
1353,
310,
11840,
607,
526,
1781,
21796,
393,
366,
5768,
29899,
3527,
278,
7664,
29915,
29879,
3234,
29889,
887,
1795,
864,
29892,
10734,
304
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.826592 | -1.316608 | -1.112577 | -0.771511 |
PSE&G: Two First Place J.D. Power Rankings in 2022
Customers ranked PSE&G First in the East among Large Utilities for Both Gas and Electric Utility Residential Customer Satisfaction Studies according to the J.D. Power 2022 Studies
Submitted by Public Service Enterprise Group (PSEG)
Originally published on PSEG NewsRoom
NEWARK, N.J., December 15, 2022 /CSRwire/ — PSE&G has been recognized again for delivering award-winning customer satisfaction. As New Jersey's largest combination utility, PSE&G provides electric service for 2.3 million customers and natural gas service for 1.9 million customers. PSE&G is the first combination utility to ever receive the highest customer satisfaction ranking by both its natural gas and electric customers in the same year among the large utilities in the east. As compared to the utilities that were measured in the J.D. Power 2022 Gas Utility Residential Customer Satisfaction Studysm and J.D. Power 2022 Electric Utility Residential Customer Satisfaction Studysm.
"PSE&G is honored to again be recognized by our customers for our commitment to meeting and exceeding their expectations," said Kim Hanemann, president and chief operating officer for PSE&G. "This special distinction from both our electric and natural gas residential customers further demonstrates our customers value our efforts. We are extremely proud of all of our employees. Every single PSE&G associate has played a part in helping to receive this distinct honor."
The J.D. Power 2022 Gas Utility Residential Customer Satisfaction Study examines customer satisfaction across six factors: billing and payment, price, safety and reliability, corporate citizenship, communications and customer care. The J.D. Power 2022 Electric Utility Residential Customer Satisfaction Study examines customer satisfaction across six factors: billing and payment, price, power quality and reliability, corporate citizenship, communications and customer care.
"This recognition is a testament to the dedication and hard work of all our PSE&G employees who are living our commitment to creating a truly customer centric experience," said David Johnson, vice president Customer Care and chief customer officer for PSE&G. "This research has been instrumental in helping our team identify what our customers want from their utility and how we can best put their needs at the center of all we do."
Additional First Place Recognitions
The J.D. Power 2022 Electric Utility Residential Customer Satisfaction Study compared 17 large utilities in the East and PSE&G swept all six study factors with first place rankings in each category.
In addition to the #1 overall ranking among comparable natural gas and electric utilities in the studies, PSE&G achieved the top spot in the billing and payment category for both studies.
PSE&G works hard to keep bills as low as possible and offers special programs, tips and tools to help customers reduce their energy use and manage their monthly bills. Over the past two years, through PSE&G's Clean Energy Future programs, a number of customers have participated in the no- or low-cost home energy assessments or received rebates on a variety of energy efficiency products.
PSE&G is committed to offering a customer centric experience by prioritizing effective customer communication. PSE&G has created a customer experience which offers multiple ways for the customer to conduct business with the utility, while also consistently and proactively communicating information to customers about information that customers value.
"Utility companies that communicate pricing programs, ways to save and usage awareness tend to have higher satisfaction. Effective communication is only part of the equation. We also see an increase in customers contacting their utility and the majority are using digital channels which are highly satisfying," said Mark Spalinger, director of utilities intelligence at J.D. Power.
The 2022 Electric Utility Residential Customer Satisfaction Study is based on responses from 102,879 online interviews conducted from January 2022 through November 2022 among residential customers of the 145 largest electric utility brands across the United States, which represent more than 105 million households.
For more information about the J.D. Power Electric Utility Residential Customer Satisfaction Study, visit https://www.jdpower.com/business/utilities/electric-utility-residential-customer | [
349,
1660,
29987,
29954,
29901,
7803,
3824,
15484,
435,
29889,
29928,
29889,
9206,
22125,
886,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29906,
13,
7281,
414,
26642,
349,
1660,
29987,
29954,
3824,
297,
278,
6932,
4249,
8218,
479,
22310,
1907,
363,
9134,
19141,
322,
26953,
22310,
537,
2538,
1693,
616,
21886,
12178,
4492,
2467,
16972,
5034,
304,
278,
435,
29889,
29928,
29889,
9206,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29906,
16972,
13,
4035,
29885,
4430,
491,
5236,
6692,
9041,
7734,
6431,
313,
29925,
1660,
29954,
29897,
13,
23182,
635,
6369,
373,
349,
1660,
29954,
10130,
9588,
290,
13,
28577,
1718,
29968,
29892,
405,
29889,
29967,
1696,
5846,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29906,
847,
9295,
29934,
22376,
29914,
813,
349,
1660,
29987,
29954,
756,
1063,
14831,
1449,
363,
12021,
292,
9862,
29899,
5080,
1076,
11962,
26470,
29889,
1094,
1570,
14500,
29915,
29879,
10150,
10296,
19725,
29892,
349,
1660,
29987,
29954,
8128,
12646,
2669,
363,
29871,
29906,
29889,
29941,
7284,
20330,
322,
5613,
10489,
2669,
363,
29871,
29896,
29889,
29929,
7284,
20330,
29889,
349,
1660,
29987,
29954,
338,
278,
937,
10296,
19725,
304,
3926,
7150,
278,
9939,
11962,
26470,
24034,
491,
1716,
967,
5613,
10489,
322,
12646,
20330,
297,
278,
1021,
1629,
4249,
278,
2919,
3667,
1907,
297,
278,
9755,
29889,
1094,
9401,
304,
278,
3667,
1907,
393,
892,
17005,
297,
278,
435,
29889,
29928,
29889,
9206,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29906,
19141,
22310,
537,
2538,
1693,
616,
21886,
12178,
4492,
2467,
5088,
952,
29885,
322,
435,
29889,
29928,
29889,
9206,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29906,
26953,
22310,
537,
2538,
1693,
616,
21886,
12178,
4492,
2467,
5088,
952,
29885,
29889,
13,
29908,
29925,
1660,
29987,
29954,
338,
4207,
4395,
304,
1449,
367,
14831,
491,
1749,
20330,
363,
1749,
9063,
358,
304,
11781,
322,
13461,
292,
1009,
2149,
800,
1699,
1497,
12931,
7169,
24767,
29892,
6673,
322,
9087,
13598,
12139,
363,
349,
1660,
29987,
29954,
29889,
376,
4013,
4266,
21578,
515,
1716,
1749,
12646,
322,
5613,
10489,
20201,
616,
20330,
4340,
9004,
1078,
1749,
20330,
995,
1749,
14231,
29889,
1334,
526,
14154,
22314,
310,
599,
310,
1749,
22873,
29889,
7569,
2323,
349,
1660,
29987,
29954,
25836,
756,
5318,
263,
760,
297,
19912,
304,
7150,
445,
8359,
10657,
1213,
13,
1576,
435,
29889,
29928,
29889,
9206,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29906,
19141,
22310,
537,
2538,
1693,
616,
21886,
12178,
4492,
2467,
29301,
4392,
1475,
11962,
26470,
4822,
4832,
13879,
29901,
289,
8873,
322,
19179,
29892,
8666,
29892,
15332,
322,
12536,
3097,
29892,
17266,
403,
18363,
4034,
29892,
7212,
800,
322,
11962,
2562,
29889,
450,
435,
29889,
29928,
29889,
9206,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29906,
26953,
22310,
537,
2538,
1693,
616,
21886,
12178,
4492,
2467,
29301,
4392,
1475,
11962,
26470,
4822,
4832,
13879,
29901,
289,
8873,
322,
19179,
29892,
8666,
29892,
3081,
11029,
322,
12536,
3097,
29892,
17266,
403,
18363,
4034,
29892,
7212,
800,
322,
11962,
2562,
29889,
13,
29908,
4013,
19679,
338,
263,
1243,
1166,
304,
278,
8856,
362,
322,
2898,
664,
310,
599,
1749,
349,
1660,
29987,
29954,
22873,
1058,
526,
8471,
1749,
9063,
358,
304,
4969,
263,
19781,
11962,
1644,
2200,
7271,
1699,
1497,
4699,
11717,
29892,
11289,
6673,
21886,
10057,
322,
9087,
11962,
12139,
363,
349,
1660,
29987,
29954,
29889,
376,
4013,
5925,
756,
1063,
11395,
284,
297,
19912,
1749,
3815,
12439,
825,
1749,
20330,
864,
515,
1009,
19725,
322,
920,
591,
508,
1900,
1925,
1009,
4225,
472,
278,
4818,
310,
599,
591,
437,
1213,
13,
2528,
3245,
3824,
15484,
3599,
3811,
2187,
13,
1576,
435,
29889,
29928,
29889,
9206,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29906,
26953,
22310,
537,
2538,
1693,
616,
21886,
12178,
4492,
2467,
29301,
9401,
29871,
29896,
29955,
2919,
3667,
1907,
297,
278,
6932,
322,
349,
1660,
29987,
29954,
7901,
415,
599,
4832,
6559,
13879,
411,
937,
2058,
7115,
886,
297,
1269,
7663,
29889,
13,
797,
6124,
304,
278,
396,
29896,
12463,
24034,
4249,
5734,
519,
5613,
10489,
322,
12646,
3667,
1907,
297,
278,
11898,
29892,
349,
1660,
29987,
29954,
14363,
278,
2246,
9758,
297,
278,
289,
8873,
322,
19179,
7663,
363,
1716,
11898,
29889,
13,
29925,
1660,
29987,
29954,
1736,
2898,
304,
3013,
289,
6090,
408,
4482,
408,
1950,
322,
16688,
4266,
11104,
29892,
25562,
322,
8492,
304,
1371,
20330,
10032,
1009,
5864,
671,
322,
10933,
1009,
4098,
368,
289,
6090,
29889,
6811,
278,
4940,
1023,
2440,
29892,
1549,
349,
1660,
29987,
29954,
29915,
29879,
315,
14044,
24836,
16367,
11104,
29892,
263,
1353,
310,
20330,
505,
25223,
297,
278,
694,
29899,
470,
4482,
29899,
18253,
3271,
5864,
24809,
1860,
470,
4520,
15121,
1078,
373,
263,
12875,
310,
5864,
19201,
9316,
29889,
13,
29925,
1660,
29987,
29954,
338,
19355,
304,
27032,
263,
11962,
1644,
2200,
7271,
491,
7536,
277,
5281,
11828,
11962,
12084,
29889,
349,
1660,
29987,
29954,
756,
2825,
263,
11962,
7271,
607,
16688,
2999,
5837,
363,
278,
11962,
304,
7512,
5381,
411,
278,
19725,
29892,
1550,
884,
5718,
2705,
322,
410,
627,
3598,
7212,
1218,
2472,
304,
20330,
1048,
2472,
393,
20330,
995,
29889,
13,
29908,
7270,
537,
14582,
393,
23120,
544,
18499,
11104,
29892,
5837,
304,
4078,
322,
8744,
3773,
8326,
404,
10331,
304,
505,
6133,
26470,
29889,
26475,
573,
12084,
338,
871,
760,
310,
278,
6306,
29889,
1334,
884,
1074,
385,
7910,
297,
20330,
6958,
292,
1009,
19725,
322,
278,
13638,
526,
773,
13436,
18196,
607,
526,
10712,
24064,
1699,
1497,
4485,
1706,
284,
5621,
29892,
8881,
310,
3667,
1907,
21082,
472,
435,
29889,
29928,
29889,
9206,
29889,
13,
1576,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29906,
26953,
22310,
537,
2538,
1693,
616,
21886,
12178,
4492,
2467,
29301,
338,
2729,
373,
20890,
515,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29906,
29892,
29947,
29955,
29929,
7395,
1006,
7406,
18043,
515,
5490,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29906,
1549,
3979,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29906,
4249,
20201,
616,
20330,
310,
278,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29945,
10150,
12646,
19725,
1506,
4167,
4822,
278,
3303,
3900,
29892,
607,
2755,
901,
1135,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29945,
7284,
26850,
29889,
13,
2831,
901,
2472,
1048,
278,
435,
29889,
29928,
29889,
9206,
26953,
22310,
537,
2538,
1693,
616,
21886,
12178,
4492,
2467,
29301,
29892,
6493,
2045,
597,
1636,
29889,
29926,
6099,
1680,
29889,
510,
29914,
8262,
3335,
29914,
4422,
1907,
29914,
15436,
2200,
29899,
329,
1793,
29899,
690,
1693,
616,
29899,
15539
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.326801 | -0.809823 | 0.379384 | 0.366562 |
Laura Jo Gunter installed as NAIT's president and CEO
Words: NAIT staff | Images: Leigh Kovesy
"I am a great believer in the connection between polytechnic education and prosperity."
Polytechnic education holds the key to prosperity as institutions like NAIT equip graduates and Alberta's industry with the skills, talent and innovation needed for success, says NAIT's new president and CEO.
"NAIT is making a difference because we know polytechnic education is the key to a better future," said Laura Jo Gunter in a welcome address to NAIT and the wider community during a virtual installation ceremony on Feb. 1.
"We have the courage to be agile and creative so that we can continue to meet the ever-changing needs for skills and talent."
A virtual welcome to NAIT
Gunter was appointed NAIT's seventh president and CEO effective Aug. 24, 2020. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it wasn't possible to hold an in-person installation ceremony – a tradition of post-secondary institutions to welcome presidents to their communities.
Instead, NAIT held a virtual celebration with greetings from Lt-Gov. Salma Lakhani, Advanced Education Minister Demetrios Nicolaides, Edmonton Mayor Don Iveson, and staff and student leaders.
The installation was also an opportunity for Gunter to share her vision for the polytechnic, which she notes has grown considerably since its opening in 1962 as a "trades school."
"In those roots , which embody experiential education, rigour and pragmatic innovation, I see our present and our future," she said.
Skills and talent for the future
NAIT has expanded from apprenticeship training to certificates, diplomas and degrees in business, health and applied science and technology. More recently, the polytechnic has expanded online and blended academic delivery to provide greater flexibility to students.
Continuing education and microcredientials will help address a skills gap "so that job-seekers can make their skills and knowledge more apparent and employers can make better hiring decisions."
"We deliver post-secondary education that is engaging and experiential."
Investments in technology and tools such as artificial intelligence, blockchain and simulation will enhance student learning and services, Gunter added.
"Because of who we are, we deliver post-secondary education that is engaging and experiential, and that allows graduates to be productive on their first day of work."
Diverse and inclusive campuses
As NAIT grows, it will continue to evolve with a future that's "diverse and inclusive." Gunter announced the launch of a new equity, diversity and inclusion strategy to solidify the institute's commitment to "fostering safe, welcoming spaces for all people."
"It also ensures that our graduates recognize the global significance of equity, diversity and inclusion in the workplace."
Partners with industry
In addition to educating talented students, Gunter said NAIT will continue to grow as a "trusted partner for economic growth." This means expanding its capacity in applied research – particularly in the areas of energy, the environment and sustainable development.
"We support our industry partners with a sharp focus on pragmatic innovation that takes ideas through to implementation, whether that means scaling up or commercialization."
"NAIT gets things done – and we make a difference."
Just like the polytechnic's alumni – a community of 200,000 strong, 80% of whom live in Alberta – "NAIT gets things done," she added, "and we make a difference."
Gunter came to NAIT after three years as president and CEO of Bow Valley College in Calgary. She also held senior executive roles at George Brown College and Seneca College in Toronto.
Scroll through NAIT history
NAIT community, local and provincial leaders share virtual welcome
https://www.techlifetoday.ca/articles/2021/laura-jo-gunter-installed-as-president-and-ceo
Laura Jo Gunter installed as NAIT's president and CEO: NAIT community, local and provincial leaders share virtual welcome https://www.techlifetoday.ca/articles/2021/laura-jo-gunter-installed-as-president-and- | [
21671,
3650,
402,
8428,
5130,
408,
8598,
1806,
29915,
29879,
6673,
322,
14645,
29949,
13,
29956,
4339,
29901,
8598,
1806,
13925,
891,
1954,
1179,
29901,
951,
1141,
476,
586,
267,
29891,
13,
29908,
29902,
626,
263,
2107,
1339,
347,
369,
297,
278,
3957,
1546,
30262,
22678,
21695,
293,
9793,
322,
25831,
537,
1213,
13,
7713,
29891,
21695,
293,
9793,
8640,
278,
1820,
304,
25831,
537,
408,
21561,
763,
8598,
1806,
7462,
10591,
1078,
322,
838,
19954,
29915,
29879,
13661,
411,
278,
25078,
29892,
24242,
322,
24233,
362,
4312,
363,
2551,
29892,
4083,
8598,
1806,
29915,
29879,
716,
6673,
322,
14645,
29949,
29889,
13,
29908,
3521,
1806,
338,
3907,
263,
4328,
1363,
591,
1073,
15680,
21695,
293,
9793,
338,
278,
1820,
304,
263,
2253,
5434,
1699,
1497,
21671,
3650,
402,
8428,
297,
263,
12853,
3211,
304,
8598,
1806,
322,
278,
25734,
7881,
2645,
263,
6901,
11161,
25672,
373,
26319,
29889,
29871,
29896,
29889,
13,
29908,
4806,
505,
278,
19872,
304,
367,
946,
488,
322,
907,
1230,
577,
393,
591,
508,
6773,
304,
5870,
278,
30262,
1310,
29899,
305,
9776,
4225,
363,
30262,
808,
6090,
322,
24242,
1213,
13,
29909,
6901,
12853,
304,
8598,
1806,
13,
29954,
8428,
471,
10658,
8598,
1806,
29915,
29879,
16741,
29882,
6673,
322,
14645,
29949,
11828,
22333,
29889,
29871,
29906,
29946,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29900,
29889,
16809,
304,
278,
19937,
29899,
29896,
29929,
7243,
24552,
29892,
372,
9007,
29915,
29873,
1950,
304,
4808,
385,
297,
29899,
10532,
11161,
25672,
785,
263,
11399,
310,
1400,
29899,
7496,
653,
21561,
304,
12853,
2225,
16719,
304,
1009,
23507,
29889,
13,
3379,
1479,
29892,
8598,
1806,
4934,
263,
6901,
10894,
362,
411,
1395,
300,
886,
515,
365,
29873,
29899,
29954,
586,
29889,
3956,
655,
365,
19426,
3270,
29892,
29287,
13151,
7668,
4432,
300,
13095,
28432,
2247,
29892,
2155,
14132,
265,
22186,
3872,
306,
1960,
265,
29892,
322,
13925,
322,
8368,
20251,
29889,
13,
1576,
11161,
471,
884,
385,
15130,
363,
402,
8428,
304,
6232,
902,
18551,
363,
278,
15680,
21695,
293,
29892,
607,
1183,
11486,
756,
21633,
2050,
2197,
1951,
967,
8718,
297,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29953,
29906,
408,
263,
376,
509,
3076,
3762,
1213,
13,
29908,
797,
1906,
16778,
30262,
29892,
607,
30262,
1590,
1486,
30262,
735,
546,
993,
616,
9793,
29892,
12912,
473,
322,
282,
1431,
29885,
2454,
24233,
362,
29892,
30262,
29902,
1074,
1749,
2198,
322,
1749,
5434,
1699,
1183,
1497,
29889,
13,
15797,
6090,
322,
24242,
363,
278,
5434,
13,
3521,
1806,
756,
17832,
515,
623,
7771,
1575,
4034,
6694,
304,
23199,
1078,
29892,
13487,
294,
322,
14496,
297,
5381,
29892,
9045,
322,
7436,
10466,
322,
15483,
29889,
5853,
10325,
29892,
278,
15680,
21695,
293,
756,
17832,
7395,
322,
1999,
2760,
21567,
28289,
304,
3867,
7621,
8525,
4127,
304,
8041,
29889,
13,
1323,
8675,
292,
9793,
322,
9200,
11944,
993,
616,
29879,
674,
1371,
3211,
263,
25078,
17261,
376,
578,
393,
4982,
29899,
344,
1416,
414,
508,
1207,
1009,
25078,
322,
7134,
901,
20295,
322,
5703,
414,
508,
1207,
2253,
298,
8491,
1602,
12112,
1213,
13,
29908,
4806,
12021,
1400,
29899,
7496,
653,
9793,
393,
338,
30262,
996,
6751,
30262,
392,
2902,
993,
616,
1213,
13,
797,
10147,
1860,
297,
15483,
322,
8492,
1316,
408,
23116,
21082,
29892,
2908,
14153,
322,
17402,
674,
26371,
749,
8368,
6509,
322,
5786,
29892,
402,
8428,
2715,
29889,
13,
29908,
29933,
5658,
310,
1058,
591,
526,
29892,
591,
12021,
1400,
29899,
7496,
653,
9793,
393,
338,
30262,
996,
6751,
30262,
392,
2902,
993,
616,
29892,
322,
30262,
5747,
30262,
497,
1242,
10591,
1078,
304,
367,
3234,
573,
373,
1009,
937,
2462,
310,
664,
1213,
13,
29928,
12193,
322,
20978,
573,
4242,
6394,
13,
2887,
8598,
1806,
25088,
29892,
372,
674,
6773,
304,
15220,
345,
411,
263,
5434,
393,
29915,
29879,
376,
29881,
12193,
322,
20978,
573,
1213,
402,
8428,
9326,
278,
6826,
310,
263,
716,
1592,
537,
29892,
6894,
537,
322,
28694,
13705,
304,
7773,
1598,
278,
832,
12356,
29915,
29879,
9063,
358,
304,
376,
29888,
520,
3241,
9109,
29892,
5476,
11506,
8162,
363,
599,
2305,
1213,
13,
29908,
3112,
884,
5662,
1973,
393,
1749,
10591,
1078,
18720,
278,
5534,
26002,
310,
1592,
537,
29892,
6894,
537,
322,
28694,
297,
278,
664,
6689,
1213,
13,
7439,
8397,
411,
13661,
13,
797,
6124,
304,
6320,
1218,
5969,
14927,
8041,
29892,
402,
8428,
1497,
8598,
1806,
674,
6773,
304,
6548,
408,
263,
376,
509,
16656,
18096,
363,
17407,
14321,
1213,
910,
2794,
7985,
292,
967,
13284,
297,
7436,
5925,
785,
10734,
297,
278,
10161,
310,
5864,
29892,
278,
5177,
322,
15075,
475,
519,
5849,
29889,
13,
29908,
4806,
30262,
5924,
1749,
13661,
22056,
411,
263,
30262,
22064,
8569,
373,
282,
1431,
29885,
2454,
24233,
362,
393,
30262,
29873,
6926,
7014,
1549,
304,
5314,
29892,
3692,
393,
2794,
21640,
701,
470,
12128,
2133,
1213,
13,
29908,
3521,
1806,
4947,
2712,
2309,
785,
322,
591,
1207,
263,
4328,
1213,
13,
14084,
763,
278,
15680,
21695,
293,
29915,
29879,
394,
1227,
29875,
785,
263,
7881,
310,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29892,
29900,
29900,
29900,
4549,
29892,
29871,
29947,
29900,
29995,
310,
6029,
5735,
297,
838,
19954,
785,
376,
3521,
1806,
4947,
2712,
2309,
1699,
1183,
2715,
29892,
376,
392,
591,
1207,
263,
4328,
1213,
13,
29954,
8428,
2996,
304,
8598,
1806,
1156,
2211,
2440,
408,
6673,
322,
14645,
29949,
310,
13432,
13939,
6346,
297,
3037,
29887,
653,
29889,
2296,
884,
4934,
16336,
22760,
16178,
472,
5122,
9817,
6346,
322,
5811,
13273,
6346,
297,
17612,
29889,
13,
10463,
1549,
8598,
1806,
4955,
13,
3521,
1806,
7881,
29892,
1887,
322,
25750,
20251,
6232,
6901,
12853,
13,
991,
597,
1636,
29889,
11345,
29880,
361,
300,
397,
388,
29889,
1113,
29914,
18569,
29914,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29896,
29914,
433,
2002,
29899,
2212,
29899,
29887,
8428,
29899,
25537,
29899,
294,
29899,
4569,
1693,
29899,
392,
29899,
346,
29877,
13,
5661,
2002,
3650,
402,
8428,
5130,
408,
8598,
1806,
29915,
29879,
6673,
322,
14645,
29949,
29901,
8598,
1806,
7881,
29892,
1887,
322,
25750,
20251,
6232,
6901,
12853,
2045,
597,
1636,
29889,
11345,
29880,
361,
300,
397,
388,
29889,
1113,
29914,
18569,
29914,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29896,
29914,
433,
2002,
29899,
2212,
29899,
29887,
8428,
29899,
25537,
29899,
294,
29899,
4569,
1693,
29899,
392,
29899
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.98433 | -0.419839 | 0.153438 | 1.412615 |
Thank you for visiting our website. We are very careful about the protection of your Personal data and we care not only to provide you a wide online service but also to guarantee your right to an informed self-determination; Please note that the Policy is given only for the Infodent International website and not also for other websites consulted secondarily by the user from our links.
WHO IS THE PROPRIETOR OF THE TREATMENT AND THE TREATMENT CONTROLLER?
As a consequence of the use of the Website, personal information concerning identified or identifiable people might be collected and processed. The proprietor of their treatment is Infodent srl, with registered office in Str. Cassia Nord Km 86,300 - 01100 Viterbo (VT) Italy, which can, in turn, designates treatment's appointees, including external parties.
WHAT ARE YOUR PERSONAL DATA WE COLLECT?
Each time a user enters to this website and each time he refers to a content we save your access data, and possibly also from the treatment controller and the treatment's appointees, in the form of protocol files.
The browser and OS used.
From several parts of this websites you have the possibility to transmit us personal data (ex. E-mail address, name, postcode, contingent data contained in the requests). These data transmission is carried-out on a discretionary, explicit and voluntarily basis, and entails the subsequential acquisition of the sender's address, necessary in order to reply to the requests, and also any other personal data contained in the message.
In the following table you can see the cookies we use and the reasons why we need cookies. Some of these cookies are necessary in order to make available this website or to allow a more effective and safer exploration, and they do not permit the acquisition of identifying information regarding the user; these information have already been saved on the user's hard drive, without any specific approval required. Other cookies instead, even though they are not used to recognize the user and evaluate his behaviour, are saved only after obtaining his approval.
Click on "Tools" at the top of your browser window and select "Internet Options" and then click on the "Privacy" tab.
In the "Cookies" tab it is possible deselect cookies and save preferences.
We only use your data for the purpose for which they were collected. To process your requests and the usage of our services we sometimes designate suppliers (including external operatives or external treatment's responsible), which receive and use only the necessary data to carry out their assignment.
a) The protocol files and their contents are managed from us to control the website proper functioning and protect our systems, for example identifying potential attacks to our systems. The data within the protocol files, or the ones they represent, do not allow us to associate such data to one specific person. In any way, we provide correspondence from other sources.
If you express consensus in receiving our newsletter, your e-mail address will be used to send you a newsletter in form of a mail with products information, promotions and latest news on our offers.
c) Regarding the purpose of cookies' processing, we refer to the above mentioned table.
As soon as your personal data would not be necessary for the purposes for which they were gathered, we will promptly erase the data, unless the law requires filing obligations.
Your personal data are processed with automated (or manual) systems from the Holder and the people in charge of the treatment specifically appointed, even third parties, for no longer than necessary for the purposes for which the data were originally collected; adequate safety measures are adopted to prevent data loss, illegal or incorrect data use or unauthorised access.
IS THE SUPPLY OF YOUR PERSONAL DATA COMPULSORY?
A part from what has been specified with respect to navigation data (protocol files), and in part respect to cookies (that can eventually be blocked) users are free to provide the personal data contained in the request forms or anyhow indicated in the "contacts" section to request the dispatching of the Newsletter, informative material or other communications. Failure to provide them may render the provision of the services requested impossible.
According to article 7 of Legislative decree 196/03, you have the right to obtain confirmation about the existence of your data and to know the content and the origin, to verify its accuracy or request data integration, update or correction; you also have the right to obtain the cancellation, transformation into anonymous form or the blocking of data being processed in violation of the law, and also | [
3374,
366,
363,
6493,
292,
1749,
4700,
29889,
1334,
526,
1407,
16010,
1048,
278,
13047,
310,
596,
16224,
848,
322,
591,
2562,
451,
871,
304,
3867,
366,
263,
9377,
7395,
2669,
541,
884,
304,
18818,
596,
1492,
304,
385,
23388,
1583,
29899,
4801,
837,
3381,
29936,
3529,
4443,
393,
278,
25219,
338,
2183,
871,
363,
278,
9969,
397,
296,
4623,
4700,
322,
451,
884,
363,
916,
28007,
8799,
287,
1473,
6275,
491,
278,
1404,
515,
1749,
2988,
29889,
13,
29956,
8187,
8519,
6093,
13756,
29829,
2544,
1955,
8079,
6093,
323,
1525,
1299,
13780,
5300,
6093,
323,
1525,
1299,
13780,
8707,
29911,
1672,
2208,
1001,
29973,
13,
2887,
263,
17004,
310,
278,
671,
310,
278,
13253,
29892,
7333,
2472,
19813,
15659,
470,
2893,
28677,
2305,
1795,
367,
16531,
322,
19356,
29889,
450,
24440,
272,
310,
1009,
14502,
338,
9969,
397,
296,
269,
2096,
29892,
411,
15443,
8034,
297,
3767,
29889,
13088,
423,
5245,
476,
29885,
29871,
29947,
29953,
29892,
29941,
29900,
29900,
448,
29871,
29900,
29896,
29896,
29900,
29900,
478,
1524,
833,
313,
29963,
29911,
29897,
12730,
29892,
607,
508,
29892,
297,
2507,
29892,
2874,
1078,
14502,
29915,
29879,
623,
29877,
6693,
267,
29892,
3704,
7029,
13973,
29889,
13,
25039,
1299,
319,
1525,
612,
22970,
349,
1001,
3094,
1964,
360,
8254,
399,
29923,
23958,
3281,
29973,
13,
9760,
931,
263,
1404,
24395,
304,
445,
4700,
322,
1269,
931,
540,
14637,
304,
263,
2793,
591,
4078,
596,
2130,
848,
29892,
322,
10075,
884,
515,
278,
14502,
4701,
322,
278,
14502,
29915,
29879,
623,
29877,
6693,
267,
29892,
297,
278,
883,
310,
9608,
2066,
29889,
13,
1576,
4714,
322,
6570,
1304,
29889,
13,
4591,
3196,
5633,
310,
445,
28007,
366,
505,
278,
13331,
304,
22649,
502,
7333,
848,
313,
735,
29889,
382,
29899,
2549,
3211,
29892,
1024,
29892,
1400,
401,
29892,
640,
292,
296,
848,
11122,
297,
278,
7274,
467,
4525,
848,
22713,
338,
8988,
29899,
449,
373,
263,
766,
4838,
291,
653,
29892,
6261,
322,
27081,
6275,
8405,
29892,
322,
875,
2234,
278,
9602,
2556,
1274,
23493,
310,
278,
10004,
29915,
29879,
3211,
29892,
5181,
297,
1797,
304,
8908,
304,
278,
7274,
29892,
322,
884,
738,
916,
7333,
848,
11122,
297,
278,
2643,
29889,
13,
797,
278,
1494,
1591,
366,
508,
1074,
278,
21046,
591,
671,
322,
278,
9590,
2020,
591,
817,
21046,
29889,
3834,
310,
1438,
21046,
526,
5181,
297,
1797,
304,
1207,
3625,
445,
4700,
470,
304,
2758,
263,
901,
11828,
322,
872,
571,
3902,
12418,
29892,
322,
896,
437,
451,
14257,
278,
1274,
23493,
310,
2893,
9215,
2472,
11211,
278,
1404,
29936,
1438,
2472,
505,
2307,
1063,
7160,
373,
278,
1404,
29915,
29879,
2898,
7899,
29892,
1728,
738,
2702,
2134,
791,
3734,
29889,
5901,
21046,
2012,
29892,
1584,
2466,
896,
526,
451,
1304,
304,
18720,
278,
1404,
322,
14707,
670,
10468,
29892,
526,
7160,
871,
1156,
4017,
292,
670,
2134,
791,
29889,
13,
4164,
373,
376,
24183,
29908,
472,
278,
2246,
310,
596,
4714,
3474,
322,
1831,
376,
26341,
25186,
29908,
322,
769,
2828,
373,
278,
376,
29925,
1150,
4135,
29908,
4434,
29889,
13,
797,
278,
376,
19159,
583,
29908,
4434,
372,
338,
1950,
553,
15436,
21046,
322,
4078,
5821,
2063,
29889,
13,
4806,
871,
671,
596,
848,
363,
278,
6437,
363,
607,
896,
892,
16531,
29889,
1763,
1889,
596,
7274,
322,
278,
8744,
310,
1749,
5786,
591,
6041,
2874,
403,
1462,
27801,
313,
18271,
7029,
1751,
5056,
470,
7029,
14502,
29915,
29879,
14040,
511,
607,
7150,
322,
671,
871,
278,
5181,
848,
304,
8677,
714,
1009,
12827,
29889,
13,
29874,
29897,
450,
9608,
2066,
322,
1009,
8118,
526,
8745,
515,
502,
304,
2761,
278,
4700,
1571,
740,
292,
322,
12566,
1749,
6757,
29892,
363,
1342,
2893,
9215,
7037,
16661,
304,
1749,
6757,
29889,
450,
848,
2629,
278,
9608,
2066,
29892,
470,
278,
6743,
896,
2755,
29892,
437,
451,
2758,
502,
304,
25836,
1316,
848,
304,
697,
2702,
2022,
29889,
512,
738,
982,
29892,
591,
3867,
3928,
663,
515,
916,
8974,
29889,
13,
3644,
366,
4653,
1136,
8841,
297,
13442,
1749,
9763,
15670,
29892,
596,
321,
29899,
2549,
3211,
674,
367,
1304,
304,
3638,
366,
263,
9763,
15670,
297,
883,
310,
263,
10524,
411,
9316,
2472,
29892,
2504,
327,
1080,
322,
9281,
9763,
373,
1749,
16688,
29889,
13,
29883,
29897,
29499,
278,
6437,
310,
21046,
29915,
9068,
29892,
591,
2737,
304,
278,
2038,
5276,
1591,
29889,
13,
2887,
4720,
408,
596,
7333,
848,
723,
451,
367,
5181,
363,
278,
11976,
363,
607,
896,
892,
22229,
29892,
591,
674,
9508,
368,
604,
559,
278,
848,
29892,
6521,
278,
4307,
6858,
977,
292,
10788,
800,
29889,
13,
10858,
7333,
848,
526,
19356,
411,
3345,
630,
313,
272,
12219,
29897,
6757,
515,
278,
379,
3194,
322,
278,
2305,
297,
8323,
310,
278,
14502,
10816,
10658,
29892,
1584,
4654,
13973,
29892,
363,
694,
5520,
1135,
5181,
363,
278,
11976,
363,
607,
278,
848,
892,
10437,
16531,
29936,
19967,
339,
403,
15332,
15366,
526,
16356,
304,
5557,
848,
6410,
29892,
27302,
470,
10240,
848,
671,
470,
1185,
329,
2015,
3368,
2130,
29889,
13,
3235,
6093,
317,
4897,
7390,
29979,
8079,
612,
22970,
349,
1001,
3094,
1964,
360,
8254,
4810,
3580,
29965,
8547,
18929,
29973,
13,
29909,
760,
515,
825,
756,
1063,
6790,
411,
3390,
304,
11322,
848,
313,
20464,
2066,
511,
322,
297,
760,
3390,
304,
21046,
313,
5747,
508,
10201,
367,
24370,
29897,
4160,
526,
3889,
304,
3867,
278,
7333,
848,
11122,
297,
278,
2009,
7190,
470,
738,
3525,
18694,
297,
278,
376,
12346,
29879,
29908,
4004,
304,
2009,
278,
13916,
292,
310,
278,
10130,
15670,
29892,
1871,
1230,
5518,
470,
916,
7212,
800,
29889,
29098,
545,
304,
3867,
963,
1122,
4050,
278,
25161,
310,
278,
5786,
13877,
9301,
29889,
13,
7504,
3278,
304,
4274,
29871,
29955,
310,
18991,
1230,
1602,
929,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29953,
29914,
29900,
29941,
29892,
366,
505,
278,
1492,
304,
4017,
9659,
362,
1048,
278,
10379,
310,
596,
848,
322,
304,
1073,
278,
2793,
322,
278,
3978,
29892,
304,
11539,
967,
13600,
470,
2009,
848,
13465,
29892,
2767,
470,
26385,
29936,
366,
884,
505,
278,
1492,
304,
4017,
278,
508,
22603,
29892,
13852,
964,
21560,
883,
470,
278,
23473,
310,
848,
1641,
19356,
297,
5537,
362,
310,
278,
4307,
29892,
322,
884
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.696173 | -0.676638 | -1.577022 | -0.636599 |
Kids Games And Activities - Activity Village.
If you ever thought that games are only for kids to play, we are sorry to break this to you, but you are wrong. And it is not even hard to prove it, as billions of adults play video games, board games, card games and even board-less and card-less games for that matter, while some really got hooked on some really addictive games we already talked about a while ago.
These sport games will keep you on the edge of your seat regardless of whether you challenge the computer or another gamer. Compete against a friend in an exciting two player game or see if you can win an intense one-on-one match with virtual versions of some of the greatest players to ever set foot on a pitch. All this and more is waiting for you in these cool and totally free online games.
Games - Free Online Games at Addicting Games.
Today, I want to talk about the fun and exciting minute to win it games you can do with loved ones because let us face it; Adults are terrible at coming up with fun ideas for kids to do. So, on behalf of all the children and adults trying to have fun without breaking the bank, these are fun minute to win game ideas you can do at home, at the office, at the church or anywhere else.Line up fifteen 16-ounce plastic cups along the edge of a table. One at a time, the players need to blow on the cups to try and knock them down. Each player needs to be timed and the player that knocks all 15 cups down the fastest is the game winner. 12. Wrap the Mummy. Split up the party guests into groups of 3. One person from each group will be the mummy. Each group gets one full roll of.You don't need to worry who to play card games with. Most of the online card game apps offer a multiplayer option and find you other passionate players that want to play it as much as you do. Still, if you want to play card games online against friends you can definitely do that too. Top 10 most played games at the moment. Considering how many different card games exist, there are some that.
PlayingCards.io Multiplayer Virtual Card Table. The game without rules All movements are synchronized. Bring your own chat. You'll want to be talking with the other players during the game. Use another site or the good ol' telephone to chat. Already got a room code? Join. Go. Pick a game to create a room 500 Backgammon Checkers Crazy Eights Cribbage Escoba Euchre Go Fish Hearts Joking Hazard.The rows are there to save you space on the table, the number of cards in each row does not matter. There are two variations on how to play: one where the player deals out every card first and the other where the player starts to pile up cards as they deal. With a little luck and skill, you should be able to sequence all of the cards together and fold them into a single pile, like a folding.
Table and Card Games can be traced back to as early as 1602. The games were played in various countries before appearing online. Table and Card Games were mainly played in land-based casinos and were categorised as low edge games. There are now various game providers that have created Table and Card Games online, amongst which are IGT, Playn'Go and Microgaming.
Team building games develop communication, coordination, cooperation, and team spirit amongst people. However, not always do we have the privilege of the 'spacious outdoors'. Weather, place and time restraints do not permit outdoor team building activities. Indoor games are the only option then. Let's have a look at some interesting corporate indoor games that can be played within the four.
Spades is a trick-taking card game in which you must partner with the player directly across from you to attempt to win the number of tricks you predicted you would win in your bid. When you bid, you look at the hand your holding and make a guess as to the number of tricks you will win. When you are the first player to play a card, other players must follow suit, as long as they have a card of.
Are you an existing user? Then log in to see your favourited games here! Don't have an account yet? Be sure to sign up to use this feature. Join for free.
Today, almost all of my card-playing wagers come in a game of poker. But there are plenty of non- | [
476,
4841,
12482,
1126,
21775,
1907,
448,
13414,
24720,
29889,
13,
3644,
366,
3926,
2714,
393,
8090,
526,
871,
363,
413,
4841,
304,
1708,
29892,
591,
526,
7423,
304,
2867,
445,
304,
366,
29892,
541,
366,
526,
2743,
29889,
1126,
372,
338,
451,
1584,
2898,
304,
6356,
372,
29892,
408,
11118,
1080,
310,
16157,
29879,
1708,
4863,
8090,
29892,
7613,
8090,
29892,
5881,
8090,
322,
1584,
7613,
29899,
2222,
322,
5881,
29899,
2222,
8090,
363,
393,
4383,
29892,
1550,
777,
2289,
2355,
12422,
287,
373,
777,
2289,
788,
919,
573,
8090,
591,
2307,
24867,
1048,
263,
1550,
8020,
29889,
13,
1349,
968,
7980,
8090,
674,
3013,
366,
373,
278,
7636,
310,
596,
12949,
17126,
310,
3692,
366,
18766,
278,
6601,
470,
1790,
330,
4183,
29889,
3831,
2650,
2750,
263,
5121,
297,
385,
5566,
11407,
1023,
4847,
3748,
470,
1074,
565,
366,
508,
5401,
385,
17818,
344,
697,
29899,
265,
29899,
650,
1993,
411,
6901,
6910,
310,
777,
310,
278,
14176,
10769,
304,
3926,
731,
3661,
373,
263,
15905,
29889,
2178,
445,
322,
901,
338,
10534,
363,
366,
297,
1438,
12528,
322,
14909,
3889,
7395,
8090,
29889,
13,
29954,
1280,
448,
12362,
13542,
12482,
472,
3462,
919,
292,
12482,
29889,
13,
29911,
397,
388,
29892,
306,
864,
304,
5193,
1048,
278,
2090,
322,
5566,
11407,
11015,
304,
5401,
372,
8090,
366,
508,
437,
411,
18012,
6743,
1363,
1235,
502,
3700,
372,
29936,
2087,
499,
29879,
526,
16403,
472,
6421,
701,
411,
2090,
7014,
363,
413,
4841,
304,
437,
29889,
1105,
29892,
373,
2306,
3131,
310,
599,
278,
4344,
322,
16157,
29879,
1811,
304,
505,
2090,
1728,
16679,
278,
9124,
29892,
1438,
526,
2090,
11015,
304,
5401,
3748,
7014,
366,
508,
437,
472,
3271,
29892,
472,
278,
8034,
29892,
472,
278,
6586,
470,
12214,
1683,
29889,
3542,
701,
25020,
29871,
29896,
29953,
29899,
21543,
715,
6288,
2723,
567,
3412,
278,
7636,
310,
263,
1591,
29889,
3118,
472,
263,
931,
29892,
278,
10769,
817,
304,
13031,
373,
278,
2723,
567,
304,
1018,
322,
18232,
963,
1623,
29889,
7806,
4847,
4225,
304,
367,
5335,
287,
322,
278,
4847,
393,
18232,
29879,
599,
29871,
29896,
29945,
2723,
567,
1623,
278,
5172,
342,
338,
278,
3748,
19576,
29889,
29871,
29896,
29906,
29889,
399,
2390,
278,
341,
11770,
29889,
26178,
701,
278,
6263,
28865,
964,
6471,
310,
29871,
29941,
29889,
3118,
2022,
515,
1269,
2318,
674,
367,
278,
286,
11770,
29889,
7806,
2318,
4947,
697,
2989,
9679,
310,
29889,
3492,
1016,
29915,
29873,
817,
304,
15982,
1058,
304,
1708,
5881,
8090,
411,
29889,
7849,
310,
278,
7395,
5881,
3748,
11446,
5957,
263,
2473,
9106,
2984,
322,
1284,
366,
916,
15935,
403,
10769,
393,
864,
304,
1708,
372,
408,
1568,
408,
366,
437,
29889,
12074,
29892,
565,
366,
864,
304,
1708,
5881,
8090,
7395,
2750,
7875,
366,
508,
11630,
437,
393,
2086,
29889,
7488,
29871,
29896,
29900,
1556,
5318,
8090,
472,
278,
3256,
29889,
10056,
292,
920,
1784,
1422,
5881,
8090,
1863,
29892,
727,
526,
777,
393,
29889,
13,
13454,
292,
29907,
3163,
29889,
601,
14974,
9106,
19181,
9160,
6137,
29889,
450,
3748,
1728,
6865,
2178,
24147,
526,
12231,
1891,
29889,
1771,
292,
596,
1914,
13563,
29889,
887,
29915,
645,
864,
304,
367,
9963,
411,
278,
916,
10769,
2645,
278,
3748,
29889,
4803,
1790,
3268,
470,
278,
1781,
13386,
29915,
4382,
6710,
304,
13563,
29889,
838,
2040,
2355,
263,
5716,
775,
29973,
3650,
262,
29889,
2921,
29889,
23868,
263,
3748,
304,
1653,
263,
5716,
29871,
29945,
29900,
29900,
7437,
29887,
314,
3712,
5399,
414,
14279,
1537,
382,
5861,
315,
1091,
17807,
12783,
15330,
382,
987,
276,
2921,
12030,
940,
5708,
435,
17223,
25606,
538,
29889,
1576,
4206,
526,
727,
304,
4078,
366,
2913,
373,
278,
1591,
29892,
278,
1353,
310,
15889,
297,
1269,
1948,
947,
451,
4383,
29889,
1670,
526,
1023,
21833,
373,
920,
304,
1708,
29901,
697,
988,
278,
4847,
316,
1338,
714,
1432,
5881,
937,
322,
278,
916,
988,
278,
4847,
8665,
304,
282,
488,
701,
15889,
408,
896,
5376,
29889,
2973,
263,
2217,
9885,
322,
19911,
29892,
366,
881,
367,
2221,
304,
5665,
599,
310,
278,
15889,
4208,
322,
900,
29881,
963,
964,
263,
2323,
282,
488,
29892,
763,
263,
900,
8497,
29889,
13,
3562,
322,
9160,
12482,
508,
367,
16703,
287,
1250,
304,
408,
4688,
408,
29871,
29896,
29953,
29900,
29906,
29889,
450,
8090,
892,
5318,
297,
5164,
10916,
1434,
21534,
7395,
29889,
6137,
322,
9160,
12482,
892,
14364,
5318,
297,
2982,
29899,
6707,
3209,
8226,
322,
892,
11608,
3368,
408,
4482,
7636,
8090,
29889,
1670,
526,
1286,
5164,
3748,
1326,
11376,
393,
505,
2825,
6137,
322,
9160,
12482,
7395,
29892,
22611,
607,
526,
306,
23799,
29892,
7412,
29876,
29915,
8120,
322,
20140,
29887,
11500,
29889,
13,
19409,
5214,
8090,
2693,
12084,
29892,
29311,
3381,
29892,
1302,
16453,
29892,
322,
3815,
8548,
22611,
2305,
29889,
2398,
29892,
451,
2337,
437,
591,
505,
278,
14828,
479,
310,
278,
525,
1028,
29874,
8802,
714,
1867,
943,
4286,
1334,
1624,
29892,
2058,
322,
931,
1791,
5270,
29879,
437,
451,
14257,
714,
17433,
3815,
5214,
14188,
29889,
1894,
16946,
8090,
526,
278,
871,
2984,
769,
29889,
2803,
29915,
29879,
505,
263,
1106,
472,
777,
8031,
17266,
403,
1399,
16946,
8090,
393,
508,
367,
5318,
2629,
278,
3023,
29889,
13,
5592,
3076,
338,
263,
8938,
29899,
29873,
5086,
5881,
3748,
297,
607,
366,
1818,
18096,
411,
278,
4847,
4153,
4822,
515,
366,
304,
4218,
304,
5401,
278,
1353,
310,
534,
7358,
366,
25383,
366,
723,
5401,
297,
596,
21000,
29889,
1932,
366,
21000,
29892,
366,
1106,
472,
278,
1361,
596,
13587,
322,
1207,
263,
4140,
408,
304,
278,
1353,
310,
534,
7358,
366,
674,
5401,
29889,
1932,
366,
526,
278,
937,
4847,
304,
1708,
263,
5881,
29892,
916,
10769,
1818,
1101,
14726,
29892,
408,
1472,
408,
896,
505,
263,
5881,
310,
29889,
13,
17506,
366,
385,
5923,
1404,
29973,
1987,
1480,
297,
304,
1074,
596,
15381,
1573,
8090,
1244,
29991,
3872,
29915,
29873,
505,
385,
3633,
3447,
29973,
1522,
1854,
304,
1804,
701,
304,
671,
445,
4682,
29889,
3650,
262,
363,
3889,
29889,
13,
29911,
397,
388,
29892,
4359,
599,
310,
590,
5881,
29899,
1456,
292,
281,
18150,
2041,
297,
263,
3748,
310,
11293,
261,
29889,
1205,
727,
526,
20947,
310,
1661,
29899
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -0.889084 | -1.676095 | -0.875872 | -0.535849 |
Teams that have to handle multiple projects can't rely on their memories to keep them all organized. And trying to keep everything together in email is a recipe for disaster. To deliver projects on time and within budget, information needs to be written down, deadlines plotted, and documents shared. Team members need to be in constant communication with one another. That's the kind of information that quickly outgrows email threads and spreadsheets. When your team needs to get serious about managing projects, the solution is to get project management software.
Project management apps are online systems for both working and collaborating on projects. These real-time workspaces let team members and outside partners keep an eye on every detail that brings a project to fruition. They typically provide an overview of all the projects in the pipeline, as well as the nitty-gritty details about the daily work being done to move the projects forward. The very best ones help teams handle common problems, such as slipped deadlines, by automatically rescheduling tasks that are affected by it. They generate reports that give managers insight into which team members have too much (or too little) work on their plates. Many track time spent on projects and integrate with invoicing and billing systems.
The most important thing to know about project management apps, as opposed to other kinds of work-management apps, is that they are for projects. It might sound tautological, but it's important. Projects are a specific type of work. Projects have a start date, an end date, and deliverables. Creating a new design for a website is a project. Maintaining that website, however, is ongoing work with no clear beginning and end date. Publishing a monthly magazine is a project that you complete once a month. Writing daily content for a blog is ongoing work. You could, theoretically, manage each blog post as its own project, but if the turnaround time is quick and only two or three people are involved, using a project management system could be more trouble than it's worth.
The kind of work that benefits from a project management app typically takes more than a few weeks to complete, and there are many steps and people involved. Is selling a house a project? It very well could be.
Inside these apps, employees work together to break complex projects into component parts, namely milestones, tasks, and subtasks.
Every milestone, task, and subtask can be assigned to a specific person and given a deadline. Typically, all the other team members can see who is responsible for each task, whether that person is on track to complete it on time, and if there are any unanswered questions about the job.
Having visibility into every team member's task list is useful for understanding whether people are falling behind because they're overworked. When you can see that a colleague has six task assignments all due within the next 48 hours, it's easy to spot the problem and redistribute the work before deadlines slip. By looking at a Gantt chart, for example, which are pretty common in project management apps, a manager would be able to see clearly when employees have too much work on their plates, or not enough. It helps everyone use their resources more effectively.
Projects usually have assets, too, which range from a detailed description of the project and its parts to a visual mock-up. People on the project team all need access to these assets, and the project management becomes the central place where they live.
Many project management solutions come with some amount of storage space so that your team can upload files right into the workspace, where everyone on the team can see them and discuss them. It's also common for services to have an option to connect to online storage services, such as Box, Dropbox, Google Drive, or OneDrive, so that team members can link to or upload files to the project management system from the repositories they already use.
A few project management software systems have free versions, but they are generally quite limited. The primary limitation is usually the number of projects you can manage (think one or two), although sometimes you might be restricted on space or prevented from using certain features.
Almost all project management apps have at a minimum a two-week free trial. When a free trial has a time limit on it, I don't count it as having a free tier of service. To me, free means you get to use it forever with no charge.
While it's helpful to try out software for free while you're deciding whether to upgrade, most businesses, in the end, will want the features and space allotments that come with paid accounts. Still, it's often helpful to try a product for an unlimited amount of time before deciding whether it' | [
23570,
393,
505,
304,
4386,
2999,
9279,
508,
29915,
29873,
19104,
373,
1009,
2626,
3842,
304,
3013,
963,
599,
19098,
29889,
1126,
1811,
304,
3013,
4129,
4208,
297,
4876,
338,
263,
9522,
412,
363,
766,
1901,
29889,
1763,
12021,
9279,
373,
931,
322,
2629,
23562,
29892,
2472,
4225,
304,
367,
3971,
1623,
29892,
7123,
9012,
715,
15048,
29892,
322,
10701,
7258,
29889,
8583,
5144,
817,
304,
367,
297,
4868,
12084,
411,
697,
1790,
29889,
2193,
29915,
29879,
278,
2924,
310,
2472,
393,
9098,
714,
29887,
5727,
4876,
9717,
322,
9677,
19360,
29889,
1932,
596,
3815,
4225,
304,
679,
10676,
1048,
767,
6751,
9279,
29892,
278,
1650,
338,
304,
679,
2060,
10643,
7047,
29889,
13,
7653,
10643,
11446,
526,
7395,
6757,
363,
1716,
1985,
322,
11465,
1218,
373,
9279,
29889,
4525,
1855,
29899,
2230,
664,
22854,
1235,
3815,
5144,
322,
5377,
22056,
3013,
385,
10977,
373,
1432,
9493,
393,
23522,
263,
2060,
304,
285,
582,
654,
29889,
2688,
12234,
3867,
385,
975,
1493,
310,
599,
278,
9279,
297,
278,
16439,
29892,
408,
1532,
408,
278,
302,
986,
29891,
29899,
629,
986,
29891,
4902,
1048,
278,
14218,
664,
1641,
2309,
304,
4337,
278,
9279,
6375,
29889,
450,
1407,
1900,
6743,
1371,
10907,
4386,
3619,
4828,
29892,
1316,
408,
20662,
2986,
7123,
9012,
29892,
491,
6336,
620,
26902,
19478,
9595,
393,
526,
15201,
491,
372,
29889,
2688,
5706,
13676,
393,
2367,
767,
18150,
25483,
964,
607,
3815,
5144,
505,
2086,
1568,
313,
272,
2086,
2217,
29897,
664,
373,
1009,
715,
1078,
29889,
9267,
5702,
931,
10398,
373,
9279,
322,
22782,
411,
297,
1365,
18499,
322,
289,
8873,
6757,
29889,
13,
1576,
1556,
4100,
2655,
304,
1073,
1048,
2060,
10643,
11446,
29892,
408,
15869,
304,
916,
17690,
310,
664,
29899,
21895,
11446,
29892,
338,
393,
896,
526,
363,
9279,
29889,
739,
1795,
6047,
260,
1300,
5996,
29892,
541,
372,
29915,
29879,
4100,
29889,
8010,
29879,
526,
263,
2702,
1134,
310,
664,
29889,
8010,
29879,
505,
263,
1369,
2635,
29892,
385,
1095,
2635,
29892,
322,
12021,
1849,
29889,
26221,
263,
716,
2874,
363,
263,
4700,
338,
263,
2060,
29889,
341,
2365,
17225,
393,
4700,
29892,
3138,
29892,
338,
373,
17696,
664,
411,
694,
2821,
6763,
322,
1095,
2635,
29889,
19088,
263,
4098,
368,
14853,
338,
263,
2060,
393,
366,
4866,
2748,
263,
4098,
29889,
28676,
14218,
2793,
363,
263,
12618,
338,
373,
17696,
664,
29889,
887,
1033,
29892,
17237,
1711,
29892,
10933,
1269,
12618,
1400,
408,
967,
1914,
2060,
29892,
541,
565,
278,
2507,
11316,
931,
338,
4996,
322,
871,
1023,
470,
2211,
2305,
526,
9701,
29892,
773,
263,
2060,
10643,
1788,
1033,
367,
901,
7458,
1135,
372,
29915,
29879,
7088,
29889,
13,
1576,
2924,
310,
664,
393,
23633,
515,
263,
2060,
10643,
623,
12234,
4893,
901,
1135,
263,
2846,
11405,
304,
4866,
29892,
322,
727,
526,
1784,
6576,
322,
2305,
9701,
29889,
1317,
269,
7807,
263,
3699,
263,
2060,
29973,
739,
1407,
1532,
1033,
367,
29889,
13,
797,
2975,
1438,
11446,
29892,
22873,
664,
4208,
304,
2867,
4280,
9279,
964,
4163,
5633,
29892,
18451,
2316,
342,
2873,
29892,
9595,
29892,
322,
1014,
20673,
29889,
13,
26526,
2316,
27744,
29892,
3414,
29892,
322,
1014,
7662,
508,
367,
9859,
304,
263,
2702,
2022,
322,
2183,
263,
7123,
1220,
29889,
14213,
1711,
29892,
599,
278,
916,
3815,
5144,
508,
1074,
1058,
338,
14040,
363,
1269,
3414,
29892,
3692,
393,
2022,
338,
373,
5702,
304,
4866,
372,
373,
931,
29892,
322,
565,
727,
526,
738,
443,
12011,
287,
5155,
1048,
278,
4982,
29889,
13,
29950,
5555,
26401,
964,
1432,
3815,
4509,
29915,
29879,
3414,
1051,
338,
5407,
363,
8004,
3692,
2305,
526,
20327,
5742,
1363,
896,
29915,
276,
975,
1287,
287,
29889,
1932,
366,
508,
1074,
393,
263,
23056,
3437,
756,
4832,
3414,
3566,
1860,
599,
2861,
2629,
278,
2446,
29871,
29946,
29947,
6199,
29892,
372,
29915,
29879,
4780,
304,
9758,
278,
1108,
322,
2654,
391,
2666,
278,
664,
1434,
7123,
9012,
269,
3466,
29889,
2648,
3063,
472,
263,
402,
424,
29873,
8727,
29892,
363,
1342,
29892,
607,
526,
5051,
3619,
297,
2060,
10643,
11446,
29892,
263,
8455,
723,
367,
2221,
304,
1074,
9436,
746,
22873,
505,
2086,
1568,
664,
373,
1009,
715,
1078,
29892,
470,
451,
3307,
29889,
739,
6911,
14332,
671,
1009,
7788,
901,
17583,
29889,
13,
25119,
5491,
505,
21608,
29892,
2086,
29892,
607,
3464,
515,
263,
13173,
6139,
310,
278,
2060,
322,
967,
5633,
304,
263,
7604,
11187,
29899,
786,
29889,
11647,
373,
278,
2060,
3815,
599,
817,
2130,
304,
1438,
21608,
29892,
322,
278,
2060,
10643,
7415,
278,
6555,
2058,
988,
896,
5735,
29889,
13,
14804,
2060,
10643,
6851,
2041,
411,
777,
5253,
310,
8635,
2913,
577,
393,
596,
3815,
508,
6441,
2066,
1492,
964,
278,
664,
3493,
29892,
988,
14332,
373,
278,
3815,
508,
1074,
963,
322,
5353,
963,
29889,
739,
29915,
29879,
884,
3619,
363,
5786,
304,
505,
385,
2984,
304,
4511,
304,
7395,
8635,
5786,
29892,
1316,
408,
11773,
29892,
20724,
1884,
29892,
5087,
22850,
29892,
470,
3118,
29928,
4401,
29892,
577,
393,
3815,
5144,
508,
1544,
304,
470,
6441,
2066,
304,
278,
2060,
10643,
1788,
515,
278,
28914,
896,
2307,
671,
29889,
13,
29909,
2846,
2060,
10643,
7047,
6757,
505,
3889,
6910,
29892,
541,
896,
526,
6892,
3755,
9078,
29889,
450,
7601,
29485,
338,
5491,
278,
1353,
310,
9279,
366,
508,
10933,
313,
386,
682,
697,
470,
1023,
511,
5998,
6041,
366,
1795,
367,
22078,
373,
2913,
470,
5557,
287,
515,
773,
3058,
5680,
29889,
13,
2499,
3242,
599,
2060,
10643,
11446,
505,
472,
263,
9212,
263,
1023,
29899,
18448,
3889,
14260,
29889,
1932,
263,
3889,
14260,
756,
263,
931,
4046,
373,
372,
29892,
306,
1016,
29915,
29873,
2302,
372,
408,
2534,
263,
3889,
26485,
310,
2669,
29889,
1763,
592,
29892,
3889,
2794,
366,
679,
304,
671,
372,
22296,
411,
694,
8323,
29889,
13,
8809,
488,
372,
29915,
29879,
8444,
304,
1018,
714,
7047,
363,
3889,
1550,
366,
29915,
276,
1602,
4821,
3692,
304,
14955,
29892,
1556,
5381,
267,
29892,
297,
278,
1095,
29892,
674,
864,
278,
5680,
322,
2913,
599,
327,
1860,
393,
2041,
411,
12530,
15303,
29889,
12074,
29892,
372,
29915,
29879,
4049,
8444,
304,
1018,
263,
3234,
363,
385,
443,
29044,
5253,
310,
931,
1434,
1602,
4821,
3692,
372,
29915
] | 1,024 | C4 | 0.959876 | 0.286156 | 0.467252 | 2.115886 |
s right for you, your team, and the work you all do.
Which project management system has a free version? Zoho Projects, Teamwork Projects, Wrike, Volerro, and ProofHub all do. As you can see from the chart above, these free versions only allow you to manage one or two projects, except for Wrike. With Wrike, the limitations are that only five people can use the tool, you only get 2GB of space, and you don't get proofing and approval tools.
Free trials often come with other limitations, as well. These are listed in the Price section of the complete reviews, which are linked below.
Collaboration software is a little different than project management software. While you do "collaborate" in a project management app, project management software is something much more specific.
Collaboration software comprises so many different kinds of apps and services that handle everything from video conference calls to letting two people type on a document at the same time.
Modern project management services often roll communication and collaboration tools right into them. Or they let you connect to the collaboration apps that your team already uses, such as Slack, HipChat, or even Google Docs.
Whether you use communications tools included in the project management application or connect to an outside one, the idea is that your team can log into one workspace and have at hand everything they need to get work done, including a prioritized to-do list, all the necessary assets, notes from other colleagues, a calendar of deadlines and milestones, and a place to ask questions and find answers. Some project management apps even offer billing and expense tools, too.
Because collaboration and communication are so important, one of my favorite project management features is a built-in chat app. Having a chat app doesn't necessarily mean your team must use it, but it's nice to have the option. Zoho Projects, Volerro, and Clarizen all offer an included chat app.
Task management software is slightly different from project management software. Project management apps will include task management features in them. But you can get standalone task management apps if that's the only piece you really need.
One of the clearest example of a task management app is Asana. Asana is also sometimes called a workflow management tool. With Asana, you can have tasks assigned to specific individuals, and those tasks can have descriptions, deadlines, and attached documents, but they aren't necessarily part of a larger project.
Another kind of workflow management software are kanban boards. Trello is one example. Kanban is also a style of working. It comes from Japan, and it was traditionally used in manufacturing for just-in-time delivery. These days, kanban apps are popular among software development teams. Kanban is particularly good at controlling how much new work a team takes on before the current batch of work in progress is complete. Some businesses do use kanban to manage projects, but kanban apps aren't really project management apps.
Task-management apps work pretty well for ongoing work, the kind of work that generates task upon task with no end in sight. (Remember, projects have a start date, an end date, and a deliverable.) You can manage a project in Asana or Trello, but it takes a little more work on your part to do so. The best way to explain it is with an analogy.
Think of Asana or a kanban app as a deck of cards. Now think of a project management app as a board game. Board games come with rules, and the game is usually the most fun when you play it the way it was designed to be played. With a deck of cards, however, you can play a game someone else invented or you can make up your own game. Before you play cards, you have to make sure everyone at the table knows the rules and plays by the same rules, because they aren't written down on a nice little sheet of paper for you to follow.
The same thing happens when you start using a task management app. You have to spend a lot of time figuring out how you're going to use it. On the one hand, it's very flexible. On the other hand, it can take some trial and error to get it right.
Another kind of app that people sometimes confuse with project management apps are to-do apps. Some to-do apps are collaborative. They sometimes give you the ability to create "projects" within them. You can assign a person to a to-do, give it a deadline, and watch for when the task is complete. But they're not project management apps.
Similar to the issue with task management apps, to | [
29879,
1492,
363,
366,
29892,
596,
3815,
29892,
322,
278,
664,
366,
599,
437,
29889,
13,
8809,
436,
2060,
10643,
1788,
756,
263,
3889,
1873,
29973,
796,
1148,
29877,
8010,
29879,
29892,
8583,
1287,
8010,
29879,
29892,
399,
20995,
29892,
3684,
261,
307,
29892,
322,
18319,
16046,
599,
437,
29889,
1094,
366,
508,
1074,
515,
278,
8727,
2038,
29892,
1438,
3889,
6910,
871,
2758,
366,
304,
10933,
697,
470,
1023,
9279,
29892,
5174,
363,
399,
20995,
29889,
2973,
399,
20995,
29892,
278,
27028,
526,
393,
871,
5320,
2305,
508,
671,
278,
5780,
29892,
366,
871,
679,
29871,
29906,
7210,
310,
2913,
29892,
322,
366,
1016,
29915,
29873,
679,
5296,
292,
322,
2134,
791,
8492,
29889,
13,
20475,
3367,
1338,
4049,
2041,
411,
916,
27028,
29892,
408,
1532,
29889,
4525,
526,
9904,
297,
278,
20743,
4004,
310,
278,
4866,
21804,
29892,
607,
526,
9024,
2400,
29889,
13,
28377,
3717,
362,
7047,
338,
263,
2217,
1422,
1135,
2060,
10643,
7047,
29889,
5806,
366,
437,
376,
22017,
3717,
403,
29908,
297,
263,
2060,
10643,
623,
29892,
2060,
10643,
7047,
338,
1554,
1568,
901,
2702,
29889,
13,
28377,
3717,
362,
7047,
7199,
4637,
577,
1784,
1422,
17690,
310,
11446,
322,
5786,
393,
4386,
4129,
515,
4863,
21362,
5717,
304,
27697,
1023,
2305,
1134,
373,
263,
1842,
472,
278,
1021,
931,
29889,
13,
2111,
824,
2060,
10643,
5786,
4049,
9679,
12084,
322,
24771,
8492,
1492,
964,
963,
29889,
1394,
896,
1235,
366,
4511,
304,
278,
24771,
11446,
393,
596,
3815,
2307,
3913,
29892,
1316,
408,
317,
2364,
29892,
379,
666,
1451,
271,
29892,
470,
1584,
5087,
360,
12332,
29889,
13,
8809,
1979,
366,
671,
7212,
800,
8492,
5134,
297,
278,
2060,
10643,
2280,
470,
4511,
304,
385,
5377,
697,
29892,
278,
2969,
338,
393,
596,
3815,
508,
1480,
964,
697,
664,
3493,
322,
505,
472,
1361,
4129,
896,
817,
304,
679,
664,
2309,
29892,
3704,
263,
7536,
277,
1891,
304,
29899,
1867,
1051,
29892,
599,
278,
5181,
21608,
29892,
11486,
515,
916,
23056,
21628,
29892,
263,
17684,
310,
7123,
9012,
322,
2316,
342,
2873,
29892,
322,
263,
2058,
304,
2244,
5155,
322,
1284,
6089,
29889,
3834,
2060,
10643,
11446,
1584,
5957,
289,
8873,
322,
1518,
1947,
8492,
29892,
2086,
29889,
13,
29933,
5658,
24771,
322,
12084,
526,
577,
4100,
29892,
697,
310,
590,
25448,
2060,
10643,
5680,
338,
263,
4240,
29899,
262,
13563,
623,
29889,
15950,
263,
13563,
623,
1838,
29915,
29873,
12695,
2099,
596,
3815,
1818,
671,
372,
29892,
541,
372,
29915,
29879,
7575,
304,
505,
278,
2984,
29889,
796,
1148,
29877,
8010,
29879,
29892,
3684,
261,
307,
29892,
322,
15183,
19642,
599,
5957,
385,
5134,
13563,
623,
29889,
13,
5398,
10643,
7047,
338,
10029,
1422,
515,
2060,
10643,
7047,
29889,
8010,
10643,
11446,
674,
3160,
3414,
10643,
5680,
297,
963,
29889,
1205,
366,
508,
679,
2317,
18785,
3414,
10643,
11446,
565,
393,
29915,
29879,
278,
871,
8424,
366,
2289,
817,
29889,
13,
6716,
310,
278,
2821,
342,
1342,
310,
263,
3414,
10643,
623,
338,
1094,
1648,
29889,
1094,
1648,
338,
884,
6041,
2000,
263,
27321,
10643,
5780,
29889,
2973,
1094,
1648,
29892,
366,
508,
505,
9595,
9859,
304,
2702,
15724,
29892,
322,
1906,
9595,
508,
505,
2342,
1980,
29892,
7123,
9012,
29892,
322,
10959,
10701,
29892,
541,
896,
9455,
29915,
29873,
12695,
760,
310,
263,
7200,
2060,
29889,
13,
2744,
1228,
2924,
310,
27321,
10643,
7047,
526,
6841,
2571,
1045,
3163,
29889,
323,
2674,
417,
338,
697,
1342,
29889,
11720,
2571,
338,
884,
263,
3114,
310,
1985,
29889,
739,
5304,
515,
5546,
29892,
322,
372,
471,
11399,
635,
1304,
297,
12012,
3864,
363,
925,
29899,
262,
29899,
2230,
28289,
29889,
4525,
3841,
29892,
6841,
2571,
11446,
526,
5972,
4249,
7047,
5849,
10907,
29889,
11720,
2571,
338,
10734,
1781,
472,
640,
22155,
920,
1568,
716,
664,
263,
3815,
4893,
373,
1434,
278,
1857,
9853,
310,
664,
297,
6728,
338,
4866,
29889,
3834,
5381,
267,
437,
671,
6841,
2571,
304,
10933,
9279,
29892,
541,
6841,
2571,
11446,
9455,
29915,
29873,
2289,
2060,
10643,
11446,
29889,
13,
5398,
29899,
21895,
11446,
664,
5051,
1532,
363,
373,
17696,
664,
29892,
278,
2924,
310,
664,
393,
16785,
3414,
2501,
3414,
411,
694,
1095,
297,
11126,
29889,
313,
7301,
1096,
29892,
9279,
505,
263,
1369,
2635,
29892,
385,
1095,
2635,
29892,
322,
263,
12021,
519,
1846,
887,
508,
10933,
263,
2060,
297,
1094,
1648,
470,
323,
2674,
417,
29892,
541,
372,
4893,
263,
2217,
901,
664,
373,
596,
760,
304,
437,
577,
29889,
450,
1900,
982,
304,
5649,
372,
338,
411,
385,
3483,
6933,
29889,
13,
1349,
682,
310,
1094,
1648,
470,
263,
6841,
2571,
623,
408,
263,
19810,
310,
15889,
29889,
2567,
1348,
310,
263,
2060,
10643,
623,
408,
263,
7613,
3748,
29889,
12590,
8090,
2041,
411,
6865,
29892,
322,
278,
3748,
338,
5491,
278,
1556,
2090,
746,
366,
1708,
372,
278,
982,
372,
471,
8688,
304,
367,
5318,
29889,
2973,
263,
19810,
310,
15889,
29892,
3138,
29892,
366,
508,
1708,
263,
3748,
4856,
1683,
11817,
287,
470,
366,
508,
1207,
701,
596,
1914,
3748,
29889,
10949,
366,
1708,
15889,
29892,
366,
505,
304,
1207,
1854,
14332,
472,
278,
1591,
9906,
278,
6865,
322,
13582,
491,
278,
1021,
6865,
29892,
1363,
896,
9455,
29915,
29873,
3971,
1623,
373,
263,
7575,
2217,
9869,
310,
5650,
363,
366,
304,
1101,
29889,
13,
1576,
1021,
2655,
5930,
746,
366,
1369,
773,
263,
3414,
10643,
623,
29889,
887,
505,
304,
18864,
263,
3287,
310,
931,
2537,
3864,
714,
920,
366,
29915,
276,
2675,
304,
671,
372,
29889,
1551,
278,
697,
1361,
29892,
372,
29915,
29879,
1407,
25706,
29889,
1551,
278,
916,
1361,
29892,
372,
508,
2125,
777,
14260,
322,
1059,
304,
679,
372,
1492,
29889,
13,
2744,
1228,
2924,
310,
623,
393,
2305,
6041,
1970,
1509,
411,
2060,
10643,
11446,
526,
304,
29899,
1867,
11446,
29889,
3834,
304,
29899,
1867,
11446,
526,
11465,
1230,
29889,
2688,
6041,
2367,
366,
278,
11509,
304,
1653,
376,
16418,
29908,
2629,
963,
29889,
887,
508,
3566,
263,
2022,
304,
263,
304,
29899,
1867,
29892,
2367,
372,
263,
7123,
1220,
29892,
322,
6505,
363,
746,
278,
3414,
338,
4866,
29889,
1205,
896,
29915,
276,
451,
2060,
10643,
11446,
29889,
13,
8942,
2327,
304,
278,
2228,
411,
3414,
10643,
11446,
29892,
304
] | 1,024 | C4 | 0.291479 | -0.115508 | 0.021636 | 1.513805 |
<?php
namespace Crm\AdminBundle\Controller;
ini_set('memory_limit', '-1');
use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\Controller;
use Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\Configuration\Route;
use Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\Configuration\Template;
use Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\Configuration\Security;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request;
use Crm\MainBundle\Entity\User;
use Crm\MainBundle\Entity\Company;
use Crm\MainBundle\WImage\WImage;
class XmlController extends Controller
{
/**
* @Route("/admin/xml-generator/{userId}", name="xml_generator")
*/
public function generateAction(Request $request, $userId)
{
// if ($request->getSession()->get('hash')!='7de92cefb8a07cede44f3ae9fa97fb3b') return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('admin_main'));
$user = $this->getDoctrine()->getRepository('CrmMainBundle:User')->findOneById($userId);
$files = array();
if (isset($user->getCopyPassport()['path'])){
$files[0]['base'] = $this->imageToPdf($user->getCopyPassport()['path'], 'passport');
$files[0]['title'] = 'Passport';
$files[0]['file'] = $user->getCopyPassport();
}
$files[1]['base'] = $this->imageToPdf($user->getCopyDriverPassport()['path'], 'driver');
$files[1]['title'] = 'DriverLicense';
$files[1]['file'] = $user->getCopyDriverPassport();
$files[2]['base'] = $this->imageToBase64($user->getPhoto()['path']);
$files[2]['title'] = 'Photo';
$files[2]['file'] = $user->getPhoto();
$file = $user->getCopySignature();
$file = WImage::ImageToBlackAndWhite($file);
$file = WImage::cropSign($file, 591,118);
$file = $this->imageToBase64_2($file);
$files[3]['base'] = $file;
$files[3]['title'] = 'Signature';
$files[3]['file'] = $user->getCopySignature();
if (isset($user->getCopySnils()['path'])) {
$files[5]['base'] = $this->ImageToPdf($user->getCopySnils()['path'], 'snils');
$files[5]['title'] = 'SNILS';
$files[5]['file'] = $user->getCopySnils();
}
if (isset($files[6])){
$files[6]['base'] = $this->ImageToPdf($user->getCopyWork()['path']);
$files[6]['title'] = 'Work';
$files[6]['file'] = $user->getCopyWork();
}
$files[15]['base'] = $this->pdfToBase64($this->generateUrl('merge_docs',['id' => $user->getId()]));
$files[15]['title'] = 'merge-docs';
$files[15]['title'] = 'Other';
$files[11]['base'] = $this->ImageToPdf($user->getCopyInn()['path'], 'doc');
$files[11]['title'] = 'INN';
$files[11]['file'] = $user->getCopyInn();
if ($user->getTypeCard() != 0 && $user->getLastNumberCard() == null ){
$url = $this->generateUrl('get_order_about_loss', array('orderId' => $user->getId()));
$files[18]['base'] = $this->pdfToBase64($url);
$files[18]['title'] = 'Other';
}
| [
6319,
1961,
13,
22377,
315,
1758,
29905,
12754,
9534,
29905,
2956,
29936,
13,
13,
2172,
29918,
842,
877,
14834,
29918,
13400,
742,
17411,
29896,
2157,
13,
13,
1509,
10667,
15193,
29905,
9534,
29905,
16660,
9534,
29905,
2956,
29905,
2956,
29936,
13,
1509,
317,
575,
601,
29905,
9534,
29905,
16660,
18126,
9534,
29905,
8614,
29905,
12085,
29936,
13,
1509,
317,
575,
601,
29905,
9534,
29905,
16660,
18126,
9534,
29905,
8614,
29905,
6733,
29936,
13,
1509,
317,
575,
601,
29905,
9534,
29905,
16660,
18126,
9534,
29905,
8614,
29905,
13228,
29936,
13,
1509,
10667,
15193,
29905,
5308,
29905,
5506,
28077,
29905,
5103,
29936,
13,
1509,
10667,
15193,
29905,
5308,
29905,
5506,
28077,
29905,
3089,
29936,
13,
1509,
315,
1758,
29905,
6330,
9534,
29905,
6691,
29905,
2659,
29936,
13,
1509,
315,
1758,
29905,
6330,
9534,
29905,
6691,
29905,
21410,
29936,
13,
1509,
315,
1758,
29905,
6330,
9534,
29905,
29956,
2940,
29905,
29956,
2940,
29936,
13,
13,
1990,
24409,
2956,
4988,
15830,
13,
29912,
13,
1678,
7762,
13,
268,
334,
732,
12085,
11974,
6406,
29914,
3134,
29899,
27959,
19248,
29721,
17671,
1024,
543,
3134,
29918,
27959,
1159,
13,
268,
3776,
13,
1678,
970,
740,
5706,
4276,
29898,
3089,
395,
3827,
29892,
395,
29721,
29897,
13,
1678,
426,
13,
458,
4706,
565,
3255,
3827,
976,
657,
7317,
13539,
657,
877,
8568,
1495,
29991,
2433,
29955,
311,
29929,
29906,
346,
14943,
29947,
29874,
29900,
29955,
1133,
29872,
29946,
29946,
29888,
29941,
3660,
29929,
5444,
29929,
29955,
14943,
29941,
29890,
1495,
736,
395,
1366,
976,
17886,
1566,
1366,
976,
17158,
5983,
877,
6406,
29918,
3396,
14749,
13,
4706,
395,
1792,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
657,
6132,
14600,
13539,
657,
11481,
877,
29907,
1758,
6330,
9534,
29901,
2659,
22423,
2886,
6716,
4499,
1566,
29721,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
353,
1409,
890,
13,
13,
4706,
565,
313,
16290,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
7129,
637,
580,
1839,
2084,
2033,
18840,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29900,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
3027,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
7129,
637,
580,
1839,
2084,
7464,
525,
3364,
637,
2157,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29900,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
7129,
637,
2670,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29900,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
7129,
637,
890,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
3027,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
12376,
7129,
637,
580,
1839,
2084,
7464,
525,
9465,
2157,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
12376,
29931,
293,
1947,
2670,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
12376,
7129,
637,
890,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29906,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
3027,
1762,
5160,
29953,
29946,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
25971,
580,
1839,
2084,
17077,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29906,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
25971,
2670,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29906,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
25971,
890,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
1445,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
10140,
1535,
890,
13,
4706,
395,
1445,
353,
399,
2940,
1057,
2940,
1762,
18700,
2855,
21823,
1566,
1445,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
1445,
353,
399,
2940,
1057,
29883,
1336,
10140,
1566,
1445,
29892,
29871,
29945,
29929,
29896,
29892,
29896,
29896,
29947,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
1445,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
3027,
1762,
5160,
29953,
29946,
29918,
29906,
1566,
1445,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29941,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1445,
29936,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29941,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
10140,
1535,
2670,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29941,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
10140,
1535,
890,
13,
13,
4706,
565,
313,
16290,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
29903,
29876,
2719,
580,
1839,
2084,
25901,
426,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29945,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
2940,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
29903,
29876,
2719,
580,
1839,
2084,
7464,
525,
16586,
2719,
2157,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29945,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
19296,
6227,
29903,
2670,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29945,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
29903,
29876,
2719,
890,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
13,
13,
13,
4706,
565,
313,
16290,
1566,
5325,
29961,
29953,
12622,
29912,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29953,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
2940,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
5531,
580,
1839,
2084,
17077,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29953,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
5531,
2670,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29953,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
5531,
890,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29945,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
5140,
1762,
5160,
29953,
29946,
1566,
1366,
976,
17158,
5983,
877,
14634,
29918,
2640,
742,
1839,
333,
29915,
1149,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
1204,
580,
2314,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29945,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
14634,
29899,
2640,
2670,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29945,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
16107,
2670,
13,
13,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29896,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
2940,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
797,
29876,
580,
1839,
2084,
7464,
525,
1514,
2157,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29896,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
1177,
29940,
2670,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29896,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
797,
29876,
890,
13,
13,
4706,
565,
3255,
1792,
976,
657,
1542,
13200,
580,
2804,
29871,
29900,
29871,
2607,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
8897,
4557,
13200,
580,
1275,
1870,
29545,
13,
9651,
395,
2271,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
17158,
5983,
877,
657,
29918,
2098,
29918,
12717,
29918,
6758,
742,
1409,
877,
2098,
1204,
29915,
1149,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
1204,
20465,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29947,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
5140,
1762,
5160,
29953,
29946,
1566,
2271,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29947,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
16107,
2670,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
13,
13
] | 1,024 | Github | -1.537103 | -0.353976 | -1.343903 | -1.46751 |
# Заявление
if (isset($user->getCopyOrder()['path'])){
$url = $this->generateUrl('generate_pdf_statement',array('id'=>$user->getId()));
}else{
$url = $this->generateUrl('generate_pdf_statement',array('id'=>$user->getId(), 'old' => 3));
}
$files[7]['base'] = $this->pdfToBase64($url);
$files[7]['title'] = 'Order';
# Ходатайство
if ($user->getMyPetition() == 1){
$url = $this->generateUrl('my-petition-image-pdf', array('id' => $user->getId()));
$files[8]['base'] = $this->pdfToBase64($url);
$files[8]['title'] = 'Petition';
}else{
if ($user->getCompanyPetition() == null ){
$file= $user->getCopyPetition();
$files[8]['base'] = $this->ImageToPdf((isset($file['path']) ? $file['path'] : null ), 'full');
$files[8]['title'] = 'Petition';
}else{
if ($user->getCompanyPetition()->getFile() != null ){
/** @todo Здесь должна быть генерация ходатайства от компании */
// $files[8]['base'] = $this->ImageToPdf($file['originalName']);
$url = $this->generateUrl('company-petition', array('userId' => $user->getId()));
$files[8]['base'] = $this->pdfToBase64($url);
$files[8]['title'] = 'Petition';
}
}
}
if (isset($user->getCopyPassportTranslate()['originalName'])){
$files[9]['base'] = $this->imageToPdf($user->getCopyPassportTranslate()['path']);
$files[9]['title'] = 'PassportTranslate';
$files[9]['file'] = $user->getCopyPassportTranslate();
}
if (isset($user->getCopyDriverPassportTranslate()['originalName'])){
$files[10]['base'] = $this->imageToPdf($user->getCopyDriverPassportTranslate()['path']);
$files[10]['title'] = 'DriverPassportTranslate';
$files[10]['file'] = $user->getCopyDriverPassportTranslate();
}
if (isset($user->getTypeCardFile()['originalName'])){
$files[12]['base'] = $this->imageToPdf($user->getTypeCardFile()['path']);
$files[12]['title'] = 'typeCardFile';
$files[12]['file'] = $user->getTypeCardFile();
}
$region = $user->getCompany()->getRegion();
if (!is_numeric($region)){
}
$region = $this->getDoctrine()->getRepository('CrmMainBundle:RegionCode')->findByTitle($region);
$em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();
$user->setProduction(1);
$em->flush($user);
$response = new Response();
$response->headers->set('Content-Type', 'text/xml');
$content = $this->renderView("CrmAdminBundle:Xml:generate_xml.html.twig", array('driver' => $user, 'files' => $files, 'region' => $region));
$response->headers->set('Content-Disposition', 'attachment;filename="XMLgeneration.xml');
$response->setContent($content);
return $response;
}
/**
* @Route("/admin/xml-generatorMany", name="xml_generator_many", options={"expose"=true})
*/
public function generateManyAction(Request $request)
{
$usersId = $request->request->get('check');
$xmls = array();
// if | [
4706,
396,
3982,
15432,
6195,
13,
4706,
565,
313,
16290,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
7514,
580,
1839,
2084,
2033,
18840,
13,
9651,
395,
2271,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
17158,
5983,
877,
17158,
29918,
5140,
29918,
20788,
742,
2378,
877,
333,
16826,
29938,
1792,
976,
657,
1204,
20465,
13,
4706,
500,
2870,
29912,
13,
9651,
395,
2271,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
17158,
5983,
877,
17158,
29918,
5140,
29918,
20788,
742,
2378,
877,
333,
16826,
29938,
1792,
976,
657,
1204,
3285,
525,
1025,
29915,
1149,
29871,
29941,
2483,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29955,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
5140,
1762,
5160,
29953,
29946,
1566,
2271,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29955,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
7514,
2670,
13,
13,
13,
4706,
396,
14120,
840,
21821,
3501,
13,
4706,
565,
3255,
1792,
976,
657,
3421,
29925,
300,
654,
580,
1275,
29871,
29896,
2597,
13,
9651,
395,
2271,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
17158,
5983,
877,
1357,
29899,
10963,
654,
29899,
3027,
29899,
5140,
742,
1409,
877,
333,
29915,
1149,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
1204,
20465,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29947,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
5140,
1762,
5160,
29953,
29946,
1566,
2271,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29947,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
29925,
300,
654,
2670,
13,
4706,
500,
2870,
29912,
13,
9651,
565,
3255,
1792,
976,
657,
21410,
29925,
300,
654,
580,
1275,
1870,
29545,
13,
18884,
395,
1445,
29922,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
29925,
300,
654,
890,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29947,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
2940,
1762,
29925,
2176,
3552,
16290,
1566,
1445,
1839,
2084,
11287,
1577,
395,
1445,
1839,
2084,
2033,
584,
1870,
10353,
525,
8159,
2157,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29947,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
29925,
300,
654,
2670,
13,
9651,
500,
2870,
29912,
13,
18884,
565,
3255,
1792,
976,
657,
21410,
29925,
300,
654,
13539,
657,
2283,
580,
2804,
1870,
29545,
13,
462,
1678,
7762,
732,
29873,
8144,
2419,
1216,
1210,
29871,
19611,
477,
23761,
13014,
494,
5274,
6785,
840,
21821,
3828,
1685,
16944,
3849,
3776,
13,
458,
462,
1678,
395,
5325,
29961,
29947,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
2940,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1445,
1839,
13492,
1170,
17077,
13,
462,
1678,
395,
2271,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
17158,
5983,
877,
14518,
29899,
10963,
654,
742,
1409,
877,
29721,
29915,
1149,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
1204,
20465,
13,
462,
1678,
395,
5325,
29961,
29947,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
5140,
1762,
5160,
29953,
29946,
1566,
2271,
416,
13,
13,
13,
462,
1678,
395,
5325,
29961,
29947,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
29925,
300,
654,
2670,
13,
18884,
500,
13,
9651,
500,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
13,
4706,
565,
313,
16290,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
7129,
637,
4300,
9632,
580,
1839,
13492,
1170,
2033,
18840,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29929,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
3027,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
7129,
637,
4300,
9632,
580,
1839,
2084,
17077,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29929,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
7129,
637,
4300,
9632,
2670,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29929,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
7129,
637,
4300,
9632,
890,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
4706,
565,
313,
16290,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
12376,
7129,
637,
4300,
9632,
580,
1839,
13492,
1170,
2033,
18840,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29900,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
3027,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
12376,
7129,
637,
4300,
9632,
580,
1839,
2084,
17077,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29900,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
12376,
7129,
637,
4300,
9632,
2670,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29900,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
12376,
7129,
637,
4300,
9632,
890,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
13,
4706,
565,
313,
16290,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
1542,
13200,
2283,
580,
1839,
13492,
1170,
2033,
18840,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29906,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
3027,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
1542,
13200,
2283,
580,
1839,
2084,
17077,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29906,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
1853,
13200,
2283,
2670,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29906,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
1542,
13200,
2283,
890,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
12803,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
21410,
13539,
657,
18457,
890,
13,
4706,
565,
5384,
275,
29918,
21574,
1566,
12803,
18840,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
4706,
395,
12803,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
657,
6132,
14600,
13539,
657,
11481,
877,
29907,
1758,
6330,
9534,
29901,
18457,
3399,
22423,
2886,
2059,
7030,
1566,
12803,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
331,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
657,
6132,
14600,
13539,
657,
3260,
890,
13,
4706,
395,
1792,
976,
842,
23665,
428,
29898,
29896,
416,
13,
13,
13,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
331,
976,
23126,
1566,
1792,
416,
13,
13,
13,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
5327,
353,
716,
13291,
890,
13,
4706,
395,
5327,
976,
13662,
976,
842,
877,
3916,
29899,
1542,
742,
525,
726,
29914,
3134,
2157,
13,
4706,
395,
3051,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
9482,
1043,
703,
29907,
1758,
12754,
9534,
29901,
11089,
29901,
17158,
29918,
3134,
29889,
1420,
29889,
7516,
335,
613,
1409,
877,
9465,
29915,
1149,
395,
1792,
29892,
525,
5325,
29915,
1149,
395,
5325,
29892,
525,
12803,
29915,
1149,
395,
12803,
2483,
13,
4706,
395,
5327,
976,
13662,
976,
842,
877,
3916,
29899,
4205,
3283,
742,
525,
14930,
358,
29936,
9507,
543,
9165,
4738,
362,
29889,
3134,
2157,
13,
4706,
395,
5327,
976,
842,
3916,
1566,
3051,
416,
13,
4706,
736,
395,
5327,
29936,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
1678,
7762,
13,
268,
334,
732,
12085,
11974,
6406,
29914,
3134,
29899,
27959,
14804,
613,
1024,
543,
3134,
29918,
27959,
29918,
13011,
613,
3987,
3790,
29908,
735,
4220,
29908,
29922,
3009,
1800,
13,
268,
3776,
13,
1678,
970,
740,
5706,
14804,
4276,
29898,
3089,
395,
3827,
29897,
13,
1678,
426,
13,
4706,
395,
7193,
1204,
353,
395,
3827,
976,
3827,
976,
657,
877,
3198,
2157,
13,
4706,
395,
3134,
29879,
353,
1409,
890,
13,
458,
4706,
565
] | 1,024 | Github | -1.833263 | -0.485053 | -1.415632 | -1.554786 |
($request->getSession()->get('hash')!='7de92cefb8a07cede44f3ae9fa97fb3b') return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('admin_main'));
$driver = null;
foreach ($usersId as $userId => $val){
$user = $this->getDoctrine()->getRepository('CrmMainBundle:User')->findOneById($userId);
if ($driver == null){
$driver = $user;
}
$files = array();
if (isset($user->getCopyPassport()['originalName'])){
$files[0]['base'] = $this->imageToPdf($user->getCopyPassport()['originalName'], 'passport');
$files[0]['title'] = 'Passport';
$files[0]['file'] = $user->getCopyPassport();
}
$files[1]['base'] = $this->imageToPdf($user->getCopyDriverPassport()['originalName'], 'driver');
$files[1]['title'] = 'DriverLicense';
$files[1]['file'] = $user->getCopyDriverPassport();
$files[2]['base'] = $this->imageToBase64($user->getPhoto()['path']);
$files[2]['title'] = 'Photo';
$files[2]['file'] = $user->getPhoto();
$files[11]['base'] = $this->ImageToPdf($user->getCopyInn()['originalName'], 'doc');
$files[11]['title'] = 'INN';
$files[11]['file'] = $user->getCopyInn();
$files[12]['base'] = $this->ImageToPdf($user->getTypeCardFile()['originalName']);
$files[12]['title'] = 'Other';
$files[12]['file'] = $user->getTypeCardFile();
$files[15]['base'] = $this->pdfToBase64($this->generateUrl('merge_docs',['id' => $user->getId()]));
$files[15]['title'] = 'merge-docs';
$files[15]['title'] = 'Other';
// if (isset($user->getCopyDoc()['path'])){
// $files[18]['base'] = $this->ImageToPdf($user->getCopyDoc()['originalName']);
// $files[18]['title'] = 'Other';
// $files[18]['file'] = $user->getCopyDoc();
// }
if ($user->getTypeCard() != 0 && $user->getLastNumberCard() == null){
$url = $this->generateUrl('get_order_about_loss', array('orderId' => $user->getId()));
$files[18]['base'] = $this->pdfToBase64($url);
$files[18]['title'] = 'Other';
}
$file = $user->getCopySignature();
$file = WImage::ImageToBlackAndWhite($file);
$file = WImage::cropSign($file, 591,118);
$file = $this->imageToBase64_2($file);
$files[3]['base'] = $file;
$files[3]['title'] = 'Signature';
$files[3]['file'] = $user->getCopySignature();
if (isset($user->getCopySnils()['originalName'])) {
$files[5]['base'] = $this->ImageToPdf($user->getCopySnils()['originalName'], 'snils');
$files[5]['title'] = 'SNILS';
$files[5]['file'] = $user->getCopySnils();
}
if (isset($files[6])){
$files[6]['base'] = $this->ImageToPdf($user->getCopyWork()['originalName']);
$files[6]['title'] = 'Work';
$files[6]['file'] = $user->getCopyWork();
}
if (isset($user->getCopyPassportTranslate()['originalName | [
3255,
3827,
976,
657,
7317,
13539,
657,
877,
8568,
1495,
29991,
2433,
29955,
311,
29929,
29906,
346,
14943,
29947,
29874,
29900,
29955,
1133,
29872,
29946,
29946,
29888,
29941,
3660,
29929,
5444,
29929,
29955,
14943,
29941,
29890,
1495,
736,
395,
1366,
976,
17886,
1566,
1366,
976,
17158,
5983,
877,
6406,
29918,
3396,
14749,
13,
4706,
395,
9465,
353,
1870,
29936,
13,
4706,
6829,
3255,
7193,
1204,
408,
395,
29721,
1149,
395,
791,
2597,
13,
9651,
395,
1792,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
657,
6132,
14600,
13539,
657,
11481,
877,
29907,
1758,
6330,
9534,
29901,
2659,
22423,
2886,
6716,
4499,
1566,
29721,
416,
13,
9651,
565,
3255,
9465,
1275,
1870,
2597,
13,
18884,
395,
9465,
353,
395,
1792,
29936,
13,
9651,
500,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
353,
1409,
890,
13,
13,
9651,
565,
313,
16290,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
7129,
637,
580,
1839,
13492,
1170,
2033,
18840,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29900,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
3027,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
7129,
637,
580,
1839,
13492,
1170,
7464,
525,
3364,
637,
2157,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29900,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
7129,
637,
2670,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29900,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
7129,
637,
890,
13,
9651,
500,
13,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
3027,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
12376,
7129,
637,
580,
1839,
13492,
1170,
7464,
525,
9465,
2157,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
12376,
29931,
293,
1947,
2670,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
12376,
7129,
637,
890,
13,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29906,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
3027,
1762,
5160,
29953,
29946,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
25971,
580,
1839,
2084,
17077,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29906,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
25971,
2670,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29906,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
25971,
890,
13,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29896,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
2940,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
797,
29876,
580,
1839,
13492,
1170,
7464,
525,
1514,
2157,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29896,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
1177,
29940,
2670,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29896,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
797,
29876,
890,
13,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29906,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
2940,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
1542,
13200,
2283,
580,
1839,
13492,
1170,
17077,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29906,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
16107,
2670,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29906,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
1542,
13200,
2283,
890,
13,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29945,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
5140,
1762,
5160,
29953,
29946,
1566,
1366,
976,
17158,
5983,
877,
14634,
29918,
2640,
742,
1839,
333,
29915,
1149,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
1204,
580,
2314,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29945,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
14634,
29899,
2640,
2670,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29945,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
16107,
2670,
13,
13,
458,
9651,
565,
313,
16290,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
14526,
580,
1839,
2084,
2033,
18840,
13,
458,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29947,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
2940,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
14526,
580,
1839,
13492,
1170,
17077,
13,
458,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29947,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
16107,
2670,
13,
458,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29947,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
14526,
890,
13,
458,
9651,
500,
13,
9651,
565,
3255,
1792,
976,
657,
1542,
13200,
580,
2804,
29871,
29900,
2607,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
8897,
4557,
13200,
580,
1275,
1870,
2597,
13,
18884,
395,
2271,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
17158,
5983,
877,
657,
29918,
2098,
29918,
12717,
29918,
6758,
742,
1409,
877,
2098,
1204,
29915,
1149,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
1204,
20465,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29947,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
5140,
1762,
5160,
29953,
29946,
1566,
2271,
416,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29947,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
16107,
2670,
13,
9651,
500,
13,
13,
13,
9651,
395,
1445,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
10140,
1535,
890,
13,
9651,
395,
1445,
353,
399,
2940,
1057,
2940,
1762,
18700,
2855,
21823,
1566,
1445,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
1445,
353,
399,
2940,
1057,
29883,
1336,
10140,
1566,
1445,
29892,
29871,
29945,
29929,
29896,
29892,
29896,
29896,
29947,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
1445,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
3027,
1762,
5160,
29953,
29946,
29918,
29906,
1566,
1445,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29941,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1445,
29936,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29941,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
10140,
1535,
2670,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29941,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
10140,
1535,
890,
13,
13,
9651,
565,
313,
16290,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
29903,
29876,
2719,
580,
1839,
13492,
1170,
25901,
426,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29945,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
2940,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
29903,
29876,
2719,
580,
1839,
13492,
1170,
7464,
525,
16586,
2719,
2157,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29945,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
19296,
6227,
29903,
2670,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29945,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
29903,
29876,
2719,
890,
13,
9651,
500,
13,
13,
9651,
565,
313,
16290,
1566,
5325,
29961,
29953,
12622,
29912,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29953,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
2940,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
5531,
580,
1839,
13492,
1170,
17077,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29953,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
5531,
2670,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29953,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
5531,
890,
13,
9651,
500,
13,
13,
9651,
565,
313,
16290,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
7129,
637,
4300,
9632,
580,
1839,
13492,
1170
] | 1,024 | Github | -1.795224 | -0.603475 | -1.268588 | -1.590203 |
'])){
$files[9]['base'] = $this->imageToPdf($user->getCopyPassportTranslate()['originalName']);
$files[9]['title'] = 'PassportTranslate';
$files[9]['file'] = $user->getCopyPassportTranslate();
}
if (isset($user->getCopyDriverPassportTranslate()['originalName'])){
$files[10]['base'] = $this->imageToPdf($user->getCopyDriverPassportTranslate()['originalName']);
$files[10]['title'] = 'DriverPassportTranslate';
$files[10]['file'] = $user->getCopyDriverPassportTranslate();
}
# Заявление
$url = $this->generateUrl('generate_pdf_statement',array('id'=>$user->getId()));
$files[7]['base'] = $this->pdfToBase64($url);
$files[7]['title'] = 'Order';
# Ходатайство
if ($user->getMyPetition() == 1){
$url = $this->generateUrl('my-petition-image-pdf', array('id' => $user->getId()));
$files[8]['base'] = $this->pdfToBase64($url);
$files[8]['title'] = 'Petition';
}else{
if ($user->getCompanyPetition() == null ){
$file= $user->getCopyPetition();
$files[8]['base'] = $this->ImageToPdf($file['originalName']);
$files[8]['title'] = 'Petition';
}else{
if ($user->getCompanyPetition()->getFile() != null ){
$file= $user->getCompanyPetition()->getFile();
$files[8]['base'] = $this->ImageToPdf($file['originalName']);
$files[8]['title'] = 'Petition';
}
}
}
$xmls[$user->getId()]['user'] = $user;
$xmls[$user->getId()]['files'] = $files;
}
$response = new Response();
$response->headers->set('Content-Type', 'text/xml');
$content = $this->renderView("CrmAdminBundle:Xml:generateMany.html.twig", array('xmls' => $xmls, 'driver' => $driver));
$response->headers->set('Content-Disposition', 'attachment;filename="XMLgeneration.xml');
$response->setContent($content);
return $response;
}
/**
* @Route("/create-image-pdf/{type}/{t}", name="create_image_pdf", defaults={"t" = 0})
*/
public function createImageAction(Request $request, $type, $t = 0){
$path = base64_decode($request->query->get('filename'));
$filename = basename($path);
$new_filename = 'origin-'.$filename;
$filename = str_replace($filename,$new_filename, $path);
$types = array(
'passport' => ['x' => 590, 'y' => 800],
'driver' => ['x' => 400, 'y' => 250],
'doc' => ['x' => 827, 'y' => 1170],
'snils' => ['x' => 480, 'y' => 340],
'other' => ['x' => 827, 'y' => 1170]
);
$file = new \Imagick('/var/www/'.$filename);
$w = $types[$type]['x'];
$h = $types[$type]['y'];
if ($type == 'driver'){
if ($file->getImageHeight() > $file->getImageWidth()){
$w = $types[$type]['y']*1.4;
$h = $types[$type]['x']*1.2;
}
} | [
2033,
18840,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29929,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
3027,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
7129,
637,
4300,
9632,
580,
1839,
13492,
1170,
17077,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29929,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
7129,
637,
4300,
9632,
2670,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29929,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
7129,
637,
4300,
9632,
890,
13,
9651,
500,
13,
9651,
565,
313,
16290,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
12376,
7129,
637,
4300,
9632,
580,
1839,
13492,
1170,
2033,
18840,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29900,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
3027,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
12376,
7129,
637,
4300,
9632,
580,
1839,
13492,
1170,
17077,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29900,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
12376,
7129,
637,
4300,
9632,
2670,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29896,
29900,
22322,
1445,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
12376,
7129,
637,
4300,
9632,
890,
13,
9651,
500,
13,
13,
13,
9651,
396,
3982,
15432,
6195,
13,
9651,
395,
2271,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
17158,
5983,
877,
17158,
29918,
5140,
29918,
20788,
742,
2378,
877,
333,
16826,
29938,
1792,
976,
657,
1204,
20465,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29955,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
5140,
1762,
5160,
29953,
29946,
1566,
2271,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
5325,
29961,
29955,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
7514,
2670,
13,
13,
9651,
396,
14120,
840,
21821,
3501,
13,
9651,
565,
3255,
1792,
976,
657,
3421,
29925,
300,
654,
580,
1275,
29871,
29896,
2597,
13,
18884,
395,
2271,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
17158,
5983,
877,
1357,
29899,
10963,
654,
29899,
3027,
29899,
5140,
742,
1409,
877,
333,
29915,
1149,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
1204,
20465,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29947,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
5140,
1762,
5160,
29953,
29946,
1566,
2271,
416,
13,
18884,
395,
5325,
29961,
29947,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
29925,
300,
654,
2670,
13,
9651,
500,
2870,
29912,
13,
18884,
565,
3255,
1792,
976,
657,
21410,
29925,
300,
654,
580,
1275,
1870,
29545,
13,
462,
1678,
395,
1445,
29922,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
29925,
300,
654,
890,
13,
462,
1678,
395,
5325,
29961,
29947,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
2940,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1445,
1839,
13492,
1170,
17077,
13,
462,
1678,
395,
5325,
29961,
29947,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
29925,
300,
654,
2670,
13,
18884,
500,
2870,
29912,
13,
462,
1678,
565,
3255,
1792,
976,
657,
21410,
29925,
300,
654,
13539,
657,
2283,
580,
2804,
1870,
29545,
13,
462,
4706,
395,
1445,
29922,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
21410,
29925,
300,
654,
13539,
657,
2283,
890,
13,
462,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29947,
22322,
3188,
2033,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
2940,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
1445,
1839,
13492,
1170,
17077,
13,
462,
4706,
395,
5325,
29961,
29947,
22322,
3257,
2033,
353,
525,
29925,
300,
654,
2670,
13,
462,
1678,
500,
13,
18884,
500,
13,
9651,
500,
13,
13,
9651,
395,
3134,
29879,
8308,
1792,
976,
657,
1204,
580,
22322,
1792,
2033,
353,
395,
1792,
29936,
13,
9651,
395,
3134,
29879,
8308,
1792,
976,
657,
1204,
580,
22322,
5325,
2033,
353,
395,
5325,
29936,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
5327,
353,
716,
13291,
890,
13,
4706,
395,
5327,
976,
13662,
976,
842,
877,
3916,
29899,
1542,
742,
525,
726,
29914,
3134,
2157,
13,
4706,
395,
3051,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
9482,
1043,
703,
29907,
1758,
12754,
9534,
29901,
11089,
29901,
17158,
14804,
29889,
1420,
29889,
7516,
335,
613,
1409,
877,
3134,
29879,
29915,
1149,
395,
3134,
29879,
29892,
525,
9465,
29915,
1149,
395,
9465,
2483,
13,
4706,
395,
5327,
976,
13662,
976,
842,
877,
3916,
29899,
4205,
3283,
742,
525,
14930,
358,
29936,
9507,
543,
9165,
4738,
362,
29889,
3134,
2157,
13,
4706,
395,
5327,
976,
842,
3916,
1566,
3051,
416,
13,
4706,
736,
395,
5327,
29936,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
1678,
7762,
13,
268,
334,
732,
12085,
11974,
3258,
29899,
3027,
29899,
5140,
19248,
1853,
6822,
29912,
29873,
17671,
1024,
543,
3258,
29918,
3027,
29918,
5140,
613,
21274,
3790,
29908,
29873,
29908,
353,
29871,
29900,
1800,
13,
268,
3776,
13,
1678,
970,
740,
1653,
2940,
4276,
29898,
3089,
395,
3827,
29892,
395,
1853,
29892,
395,
29873,
353,
29871,
29900,
2597,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
2084,
353,
2967,
29953,
29946,
29918,
13808,
1566,
3827,
976,
1972,
976,
657,
877,
9507,
14749,
13,
4706,
395,
9507,
353,
2362,
3871,
1566,
2084,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
1482,
29918,
9507,
353,
525,
12574,
29899,
22686,
9507,
29936,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
9507,
353,
851,
29918,
6506,
1566,
9507,
8209,
1482,
29918,
9507,
29892,
395,
2084,
416,
13,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
8768,
353,
1409,
29898,
13,
9651,
525,
3364,
637,
29915,
1149,
6024,
29916,
29915,
1149,
29871,
29945,
29929,
29900,
29892,
525,
29891,
29915,
1149,
259,
29947,
29900,
29900,
1402,
13,
9651,
525,
9465,
29915,
1149,
6024,
29916,
29915,
1149,
29871,
29946,
29900,
29900,
29892,
525,
29891,
29915,
1149,
259,
29906,
29945,
29900,
1402,
13,
9651,
525,
1514,
29915,
1149,
6024,
29916,
29915,
1149,
29871,
29947,
29906,
29955,
29892,
525,
29891,
29915,
1149,
259,
29896,
29896,
29955,
29900,
1402,
13,
9651,
525,
16586,
2719,
29915,
1149,
6024,
29916,
29915,
1149,
29871,
29946,
29947,
29900,
29892,
525,
29891,
29915,
1149,
259,
29941,
29946,
29900,
1402,
13,
9651,
525,
1228,
29915,
1149,
6024,
29916,
29915,
1149,
29871,
29947,
29906,
29955,
29892,
525,
29891,
29915,
1149,
259,
29896,
29896,
29955,
29900,
29962,
13,
4706,
3482,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
1445,
353,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
11219,
1707,
29914,
1636,
29914,
22686,
9507,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
29893,
353,
395,
8768,
8308,
1853,
22322,
29916,
8219,
13,
4706,
395,
29882,
353,
395,
8768,
8308,
1853,
22322,
29891,
8219,
13,
4706,
565,
3255,
1853,
1275,
525,
9465,
1495,
29912,
13,
9651,
565,
3255,
1445,
976,
657,
2940,
7011,
580,
1405,
395,
1445,
976,
657,
2940,
6110,
580,
2597,
13,
18884,
395,
29893,
353,
395,
8768,
8308,
1853,
22322,
29891,
2033,
29930,
29896,
29889,
29946,
29936,
13,
18884,
395,
29882,
353,
395,
8768,
8308,
1853,
22322,
29916,
2033,
29930,
29896,
29889,
29906,
29936,
13,
9651,
500,
13,
4706,
500
] | 1,024 | Github | -1.838697 | -0.666618 | -1.458669 | -1.661036 |
$file->resizeImage($w,$h, \Imagick::FILTER_LANCZOS,1);
$image = new \Imagick();
$image->newImage(827, 1170, new \ImagickPixel('white'));
$image->setImageArtifact('compose:args', "1,0,-0.5,0.5");
$image->setImageVirtualPixelMethod(\Imagick::VIRTUALPIXELMETHOD_TRANSPARENT);
$image->compositeImage($file, \Imagick::COMPOSITE_DEFAULT,0,0);
$stampR = mt_rand(1,5);
$rightR = mt_rand(1,3);
$stamp = new \Imagick($this->get('kernel')->getRootDir() . '/../web/bundles/crmmain/images/stamp/stamp_'.$stampR.'.png');
$stamp->resizeImage($stamp->getImageWidth()*0.85, $stamp->getImageHeight()*0.85, \Imagick::FILTER_LANCZOS,1);
$right = new \Imagick($this->get('kernel')->getRootDir() . '/../web/bundles/crmmain/images/right/right_'.$rightR.'.png');
$right->resizeImage($right->getImageWidth(), $right->getImageHeight()*0.85, \Imagick::FILTER_LANCZOS,1);
if ($type !== 'doc'){
$width1 = mt_rand(300,350);
$width2 = mt_rand(20,50);
$height1 = mt_rand(20,50);
$height2 = mt_rand(20,50);
// $width = $width1;
// $height = $file->getImageHeight()+$height1;
// $image->compositeImage($right, \Imagick::COMPOSITE_DEFAULT,$width,$height);
// $width = $width + $stamp->getImageWidth() + $width2;
// $height += $height2;
// $image->compositeImage($stamp, \Imagick::COMPOSITE_DEFAULT,$width, $height);
}else{
$width1 = mt_rand(300,350);
$width2 = mt_rand(20,50);
$height1 = mt_rand(20,50);
$height2 = mt_rand(20,50);
// $width = $width1;
// $height = 1170-300+$height1;
// $image->compositeImage($right, \Imagick::COMPOSITE_DEFAULT,$width,$height);
// $width = $width + $stamp->getImageWidth() + $width2;
// $height += $height2;
// $image->compositeImage($stamp, \Imagick::COMPOSITE_DEFAULT,$width, $height);
}
try {
// $image->radialBlurImage(0.8,2,0);
// $image->sharpenImage(3,2);
} catch(\ImagickException $e) {
echo 'Error: ' , $e->getMessage();
die();
}
// }
if ( $request->query->get('test') == 4){
$image->motionBlurImage(1.3,0.8,0);
}
$image->setFormat('jpg');
$image->setImageFormat('jpg');
$base64 = 'data:image/jpeg;base64,' . base64_encode($image->getImageBlob());
$html = '<img src="'.$base64.'" style="width: 100%" />';
$mpdfService = $this->container->get('tfox.mpdfport');
$arguments = array(
// 'constructorArgs' => array('utf-8', 'A4-P', | [
13,
4706,
395,
1445,
976,
21476,
2940,
1566,
29893,
8209,
29882,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
3738,
29931,
4945,
29918,
29931,
2190,
29907,
29999,
3267,
29892,
29896,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
353,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
890,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
1482,
2940,
29898,
29947,
29906,
29955,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29955,
29900,
29892,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
29637,
877,
10921,
14749,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
842,
2940,
9986,
7060,
877,
19438,
29901,
5085,
742,
376,
29896,
29892,
29900,
6653,
29900,
29889,
29945,
29892,
29900,
29889,
29945,
1496,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
842,
2940,
21287,
29637,
4062,
1194,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
29963,
8193,
29911,
29965,
1964,
2227,
29990,
6670,
2303,
4690,
13668,
29918,
26813,
5550,
1718,
3919,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
22410,
568,
2940,
1566,
1445,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
21514,
3267,
9094,
29918,
23397,
29892,
29900,
29892,
29900,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
303,
1160,
29934,
353,
286,
29873,
29918,
9502,
29898,
29896,
29892,
29945,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
1266,
29934,
353,
286,
29873,
29918,
9502,
29898,
29896,
29892,
29941,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
303,
1160,
353,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1566,
1366,
976,
657,
877,
17460,
22423,
657,
10303,
9170,
580,
869,
8207,
6995,
2676,
29914,
16293,
793,
29914,
29883,
1758,
3396,
29914,
8346,
29914,
303,
1160,
29914,
303,
1160,
29918,
22686,
303,
1160,
29934,
29889,
4286,
2732,
2157,
13,
4706,
395,
303,
1160,
976,
21476,
2940,
1566,
303,
1160,
976,
657,
2940,
6110,
580,
29930,
29900,
29889,
29947,
29945,
29892,
395,
303,
1160,
976,
657,
2940,
7011,
580,
29930,
29900,
29889,
29947,
29945,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
3738,
29931,
4945,
29918,
29931,
2190,
29907,
29999,
3267,
29892,
29896,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
1266,
353,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1566,
1366,
976,
657,
877,
17460,
22423,
657,
10303,
9170,
580,
869,
8207,
6995,
2676,
29914,
16293,
793,
29914,
29883,
1758,
3396,
29914,
8346,
29914,
1266,
29914,
1266,
29918,
22686,
1266,
29934,
29889,
4286,
2732,
2157,
13,
4706,
395,
1266,
976,
21476,
2940,
1566,
1266,
976,
657,
2940,
6110,
3285,
395,
1266,
976,
657,
2940,
7011,
580,
29930,
29900,
29889,
29947,
29945,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
3738,
29931,
4945,
29918,
29931,
2190,
29907,
29999,
3267,
29892,
29896,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
565,
3255,
1853,
15639,
525,
1514,
1495,
29912,
13,
9651,
395,
2103,
29896,
353,
286,
29873,
29918,
9502,
29898,
29941,
29900,
29900,
29892,
29941,
29945,
29900,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
2103,
29906,
353,
286,
29873,
29918,
9502,
29898,
29906,
29900,
29892,
29945,
29900,
416,
13,
13,
9651,
395,
3545,
29896,
353,
286,
29873,
29918,
9502,
29898,
29906,
29900,
29892,
29945,
29900,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
3545,
29906,
353,
286,
29873,
29918,
9502,
29898,
29906,
29900,
29892,
29945,
29900,
416,
13,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
2103,
353,
395,
2103,
29896,
29936,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
3545,
353,
395,
1445,
976,
657,
2940,
7011,
580,
24035,
3545,
29896,
29936,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
3027,
976,
22410,
568,
2940,
1566,
1266,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
21514,
3267,
9094,
29918,
23397,
8209,
2103,
8209,
3545,
416,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
2103,
353,
395,
2103,
718,
395,
303,
1160,
976,
657,
2940,
6110,
580,
718,
395,
2103,
29906,
29936,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
3545,
4619,
395,
3545,
29906,
29936,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
3027,
976,
22410,
568,
2940,
1566,
303,
1160,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
21514,
3267,
9094,
29918,
23397,
8209,
2103,
29892,
395,
3545,
416,
13,
4706,
500,
2870,
29912,
13,
9651,
395,
2103,
29896,
353,
286,
29873,
29918,
9502,
29898,
29941,
29900,
29900,
29892,
29941,
29945,
29900,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
2103,
29906,
353,
286,
29873,
29918,
9502,
29898,
29906,
29900,
29892,
29945,
29900,
416,
13,
13,
9651,
395,
3545,
29896,
353,
286,
29873,
29918,
9502,
29898,
29906,
29900,
29892,
29945,
29900,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
3545,
29906,
353,
286,
29873,
29918,
9502,
29898,
29906,
29900,
29892,
29945,
29900,
416,
13,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
2103,
353,
395,
2103,
29896,
29936,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
3545,
353,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29955,
29900,
29899,
29941,
29900,
29900,
24035,
3545,
29896,
29936,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
3027,
976,
22410,
568,
2940,
1566,
1266,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
21514,
3267,
9094,
29918,
23397,
8209,
2103,
8209,
3545,
416,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
2103,
353,
395,
2103,
718,
395,
303,
1160,
976,
657,
2940,
6110,
580,
718,
395,
2103,
29906,
29936,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
3545,
4619,
395,
3545,
29906,
29936,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
3027,
976,
22410,
568,
2940,
1566,
303,
1160,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
21514,
3267,
9094,
29918,
23397,
8209,
2103,
29892,
395,
3545,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
13,
13,
4706,
1018,
426,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
3027,
976,
3665,
616,
10358,
332,
2940,
29898,
29900,
29889,
29947,
29892,
29906,
29892,
29900,
416,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
3027,
976,
845,
279,
2238,
2940,
29898,
29941,
29892,
29906,
416,
13,
4706,
500,
4380,
1194,
1888,
351,
860,
2451,
395,
29872,
29897,
426,
13,
9651,
2916,
525,
2392,
29901,
525,
1919,
395,
29872,
976,
28983,
890,
13,
9651,
762,
890,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
458,
4706,
500,
13,
4706,
565,
313,
395,
3827,
976,
1972,
976,
657,
877,
1688,
1495,
1275,
29871,
29946,
2597,
13,
9651,
395,
3027,
976,
29885,
8194,
10358,
332,
2940,
29898,
29896,
29889,
29941,
29892,
29900,
29889,
29947,
29892,
29900,
416,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
842,
5809,
877,
6173,
2157,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
842,
2940,
5809,
877,
6173,
2157,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
3188,
29953,
29946,
353,
525,
1272,
29901,
3027,
29914,
26568,
29936,
3188,
29953,
29946,
5501,
869,
2967,
29953,
29946,
29918,
12508,
1566,
3027,
976,
657,
2940,
29933,
2127,
3310,
13,
4706,
395,
1420,
353,
12801,
2492,
4765,
543,
22686,
3188,
29953,
29946,
6169,
29908,
3114,
543,
2103,
29901,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
23577,
2900,
2670,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
1526,
2176,
3170,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
7611,
976,
657,
877,
29873,
8944,
29889,
1526,
2176,
637,
2157,
13,
4706,
395,
25699,
353,
1409,
29898,
13,
458,
9651,
525,
27821,
7883,
29915,
1149,
1409,
877,
9420,
29899,
29947,
742,
525,
29909,
29946,
29899,
29925,
742
] | 1,024 | Github | -1.691976 | -0.599258 | -1.759931 | -2.063267 |
5 ,5 ,5 ,5,5 ),
'writeHtmlMode' => null, //$mode argument for WriteHTML method
'writeHtmlInitialise' => null, //$mode argument for WriteHTML method
'writeHtmlClose' => null, //$close argument for WriteHTML method
'outputFilename' => null, //$filename argument for Output method
'outputDest' => null, //$dest argument for Output method
);
// $mpdfService->ignore_invalid_utf8 = true;
// $mpdfService->allow_charset_conversion = false;
// $mpdfService->debug = true;
return $mpdfService->generatePdfResponse($html, $arguments);
}
/**
* @Route("/image-to-pdf/{filename}/{ur}", name="ImageToPdf", defaults={"ur" = 0})
*/
public function imageToPdfAction($filename, $ur = 0){
$path = base64_decode($filename);
$basepath = base64_decode($filename);
$basepath = str_replace('|','/', $basepath);
if ($ur == 1){
$path = explode('|', $path);
$filename = $path[0].'/'.basename($path[1]);
}else{
$filename = basename($path);
}
$mpdfService = $this->container->get('tfox.mpdfport');
// $filename = str_replace('.jpg', '-or.jpg', $filename);
// if (!is_file(__DIR__.$filename)){
if ($ur == 0 || $ur == 2){
$new_filename = 'origin-'.$filename;
$basepath = str_replace($filename,$new_filename, $basepath);
$filename = str_replace($filename,$new_filename, $path);
if (is_file('/var/www/'.$filename)){
$html = '/var/www/'.$filename;
}elseif(is_file('/var/www/upload/'.$filename)){
$html = '/var/www/upload/'.$filename;
}elseif (is_file('/var/www'.$basepath)) {
$html = '/var/www/upload' . $filename;
}else{
$html = '/var/www/upload/docs'.$filename;
}
}else{
$html = '/var/www/upload/usercompany/'.$filename;
}
$image = new \Imagick();
$image->newImage(827, 1170, new \ImagickPixel('white'));
$image->setImageArtifact('compose:args', "1,0,-0.5,0.5");
$image->setImageVirtualPixelMethod(\Imagick::VIRTUALPIXELMETHOD_TRANSPARENT);
$image2 = new \Imagick($html);
$height = $image2->getImageHeight()/($image2->getImageWidth()/827);
$width = 827;
if ($height > 1170){
$height = 1170;
$width = $image2->getImageWidth()/($image2->getImageHeight()/1170);
}
$image2->resizeImage($width,$height, \Imagick::FILTER_LANCZOS,1);
$image->compositeImage($image2, \Imagick::COMPOSITE_DEFAULT,0,0);
$image->setFormat('jpg');
$image->setImageFormat('jpg');
// echo $html;
// $image2->newImage(827, 1170, $html);
// $image2->setImageArtifact('compose:args', "1,0,-0.5,0.5");
// $image2->setImageVirtualPixelMethod(\Imagick::VIRTUALPIXELMETHOD_TRANSPARENT);
$base64 = 'data:image/jpeg;base64,' . base64_encode($image->getImageBlob | [
29871,
29945,
1919,
29945,
1919,
29945,
1919,
29945,
29892,
29945,
10353,
13,
9651,
525,
3539,
10922,
6818,
29915,
1149,
1870,
29892,
849,
29938,
8513,
2980,
363,
14350,
7020,
1158,
13,
9651,
525,
3539,
10922,
15514,
895,
29915,
1149,
1870,
29892,
849,
29938,
8513,
2980,
363,
14350,
7020,
1158,
13,
9651,
525,
3539,
10922,
11123,
29915,
1149,
1870,
29892,
849,
29938,
5358,
2980,
363,
14350,
7020,
1158,
13,
9651,
525,
4905,
3434,
3871,
29915,
1149,
1870,
29892,
849,
29938,
9507,
2980,
363,
10604,
1158,
13,
9651,
525,
4905,
14994,
29915,
1149,
1870,
29892,
849,
29938,
7854,
2980,
363,
10604,
1158,
13,
4706,
3482,
13,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
1526,
2176,
3170,
976,
17281,
29918,
20965,
29918,
9420,
29947,
353,
1565,
29936,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
1526,
2176,
3170,
976,
9536,
29918,
3090,
842,
29918,
535,
3259,
353,
2089,
29936,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
1526,
2176,
3170,
976,
8382,
353,
1565,
29936,
13,
4706,
736,
395,
1526,
2176,
3170,
976,
17158,
29925,
2176,
5103,
1566,
1420,
29892,
395,
25699,
416,
13,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
13,
13,
13,
1678,
7762,
13,
268,
334,
732,
12085,
11974,
3027,
29899,
517,
29899,
5140,
19248,
9507,
6822,
29912,
332,
17671,
1024,
543,
2940,
1762,
29925,
2176,
613,
21274,
3790,
29908,
332,
29908,
353,
29871,
29900,
1800,
13,
268,
3776,
13,
1678,
970,
740,
1967,
1762,
29925,
2176,
4276,
1566,
9507,
29892,
395,
332,
353,
29871,
29900,
2597,
13,
4706,
395,
2084,
353,
2967,
29953,
29946,
29918,
13808,
1566,
9507,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
3188,
2084,
353,
2967,
29953,
29946,
29918,
13808,
1566,
9507,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
3188,
2084,
353,
851,
29918,
6506,
877,
29989,
3788,
29914,
742,
395,
3188,
2084,
416,
13,
4706,
565,
3255,
332,
1275,
29871,
29896,
2597,
13,
9651,
395,
2084,
353,
3902,
356,
877,
29989,
742,
395,
2084,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
9507,
353,
395,
2084,
29961,
29900,
1822,
29915,
29914,
4286,
6500,
3871,
1566,
2084,
29961,
29896,
5691,
13,
4706,
500,
2870,
29912,
13,
9651,
395,
9507,
353,
2362,
3871,
1566,
2084,
416,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
13,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
1526,
2176,
3170,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
7611,
976,
657,
877,
29873,
8944,
29889,
1526,
2176,
637,
2157,
13,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
9507,
353,
851,
29918,
6506,
12839,
6173,
742,
17411,
272,
29889,
6173,
742,
395,
9507,
416,
13,
458,
4706,
565,
5384,
275,
29918,
1445,
22168,
9464,
1649,
7449,
9507,
18840,
13,
4706,
565,
3255,
332,
1275,
29871,
29900,
3830,
395,
332,
1275,
29871,
29906,
2597,
13,
9651,
395,
1482,
29918,
9507,
353,
525,
12574,
29899,
22686,
9507,
29936,
13,
13,
9651,
395,
3188,
2084,
353,
851,
29918,
6506,
1566,
9507,
8209,
1482,
29918,
9507,
29892,
395,
3188,
2084,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
9507,
353,
851,
29918,
6506,
1566,
9507,
8209,
1482,
29918,
9507,
29892,
395,
2084,
416,
13,
13,
9651,
565,
313,
275,
29918,
1445,
11219,
1707,
29914,
1636,
29914,
22686,
9507,
18840,
13,
18884,
395,
1420,
353,
8207,
1707,
29914,
1636,
29914,
22686,
9507,
29936,
13,
9651,
500,
2870,
361,
29898,
275,
29918,
1445,
11219,
1707,
29914,
1636,
29914,
9009,
29914,
22686,
9507,
18840,
13,
18884,
395,
1420,
353,
8207,
1707,
29914,
1636,
29914,
9009,
29914,
22686,
9507,
29936,
13,
9651,
500,
2870,
361,
313,
275,
29918,
1445,
11219,
1707,
29914,
1636,
22686,
3188,
2084,
876,
426,
13,
18884,
395,
1420,
353,
8207,
1707,
29914,
1636,
29914,
9009,
29915,
869,
395,
9507,
29936,
13,
9651,
500,
2870,
29912,
13,
13,
18884,
395,
1420,
353,
8207,
1707,
29914,
1636,
29914,
9009,
29914,
2640,
22686,
9507,
29936,
13,
9651,
500,
13,
4706,
500,
2870,
29912,
13,
13,
9651,
395,
1420,
353,
8207,
1707,
29914,
1636,
29914,
9009,
29914,
1792,
14518,
29914,
22686,
9507,
29936,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
353,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
890,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
1482,
2940,
29898,
29947,
29906,
29955,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29955,
29900,
29892,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
29637,
877,
10921,
14749,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
842,
2940,
9986,
7060,
877,
19438,
29901,
5085,
742,
376,
29896,
29892,
29900,
6653,
29900,
29889,
29945,
29892,
29900,
29889,
29945,
1496,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
842,
2940,
21287,
29637,
4062,
1194,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
29963,
8193,
29911,
29965,
1964,
2227,
29990,
6670,
2303,
4690,
13668,
29918,
26813,
5550,
1718,
3919,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
29906,
353,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1566,
1420,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
3545,
353,
395,
3027,
29906,
976,
657,
2940,
7011,
580,
29914,
1566,
3027,
29906,
976,
657,
2940,
6110,
580,
29914,
29947,
29906,
29955,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
2103,
353,
29871,
29947,
29906,
29955,
29936,
13,
4706,
565,
3255,
3545,
1405,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29955,
29900,
2597,
13,
9651,
395,
3545,
353,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29955,
29900,
29936,
13,
9651,
395,
2103,
353,
395,
3027,
29906,
976,
657,
2940,
6110,
580,
29914,
1566,
3027,
29906,
976,
657,
2940,
7011,
580,
29914,
29896,
29896,
29955,
29900,
416,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
29906,
976,
21476,
2940,
1566,
2103,
8209,
3545,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
3738,
29931,
4945,
29918,
29931,
2190,
29907,
29999,
3267,
29892,
29896,
416,
13,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
22410,
568,
2940,
1566,
3027,
29906,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
21514,
3267,
9094,
29918,
23397,
29892,
29900,
29892,
29900,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
842,
5809,
877,
6173,
2157,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
842,
2940,
5809,
877,
6173,
2157,
13,
13,
458,
4706,
2916,
395,
1420,
29936,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
3027,
29906,
976,
1482,
2940,
29898,
29947,
29906,
29955,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29955,
29900,
29892,
395,
1420,
416,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
3027,
29906,
976,
842,
2940,
9986,
7060,
877,
19438,
29901,
5085,
742,
376,
29896,
29892,
29900,
6653,
29900,
29889,
29945,
29892,
29900,
29889,
29945,
1496,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
3027,
29906,
976,
842,
2940,
21287,
29637,
4062,
1194,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
29963,
8193,
29911,
29965,
1964,
2227,
29990,
6670,
2303,
4690,
13668,
29918,
26813,
5550,
1718,
3919,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
3188,
29953,
29946,
353,
525,
1272,
29901,
3027,
29914,
26568,
29936,
3188,
29953,
29946,
5501,
869,
2967,
29953,
29946,
29918,
12508,
1566,
3027,
976,
657,
2940,
29933,
2127
] | 1,024 | Github | -1.996287 | -0.727576 | -1.788622 | -1.979785 |
());
$html = '<img src="'.$base64.'" style="width: 100%;" />';
// echo $html;
// exit;
$width1 = rand(0,50);
$width2 = rand(0,40);
$width3 = rand(-10,20);
$width3 +=$width2;
$r1 = rand(1,8);
$r2 = rand(1,8);
$r3 = rand(1,8);
// $html.= '<br /><br /><br />';
// $html.='<table><tr>';
// $html.= '<td><img src="/bundles/crmmain/images/stamp/stamp_'.$r1.'.png" style="margin-left: '.$width1.'px; width: 155px"/></td>';
// $html.= '<td><img src="/bundles/crmmain/images/right/right_'.$r2.'.png" style="margin-left: '.$width2.'px; width: 135px"/><br /><br />';
// $html.= '<img src="/bundles/crmmain/images/sign/sign_'.$r3.'.png" style="margin-left: '.$width3.'px; width: 85px"/></td>';
// $html.='</tr></table>';
// $html = iconv("UTF-8","UTF-8//IGNORE",$html);
$arguments = array(
'constructorArgs' => array('utf-8', null, 0 ,0 ,0 ,0,0,0,0,0,'' ),
'writeHtmlMode' => null, //$mode argument for WriteHTML method
'writeHtmlInitialise' => null, //$mode argument for WriteHTML method
'writeHtmlClose' => null, //$close argument for WriteHTML method
'outputFilename' => null, //$filename argument for Output method
'outputDest' => null, //$dest argument for Output method
);
$mpdfService->ignore_invalid_utf8 = true;
$mpdfService->allow_charset_conversion = false;
// $mpdfService->debug = true;
return $mpdfService->generatePdfResponse($html, $arguments);
}
public function imageToPdf($filename, $type= null){
// if ($type == null){
if ($type != 'full'){
$url = 'http://'.$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'].$this->generateUrl('ImageToPdf',array('filename' => base64_encode($filename)));
}else{
$url = 'http://'.$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'].$this->generateUrl('ImageToPdf',array('filename' => base64_encode($filename), 'ur' => 2));
// echo $url;
// exit;
}
// }else{
// $url = 'http://'.$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'].$this->generateUrl('create_image_pdf',array('filename' => $filename, 'type' => $type));
// }
$pdfdata = file_get_contents($url);
$base64 = base64_encode($pdfdata);
return $base64;
}
public function imageToBase64($filePath){
$filePath = __DIR__.'/../../../../web/'.$filePath;
$imagedata = file_get_contents($filePath);
$base64 = base64_encode($imagedata);
return $base64;
}
public function imageToBase64_2($filePath){
$imagedata = file_get_contents($filePath);
$base64 = base64_encode($imagedata);
return $base64;
}
public function pdfToBase64($url){
$url = 'https://'.$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'].$url;
$pdfdata = file_get_contents($url);
////Decode pdf content
// $pdf_decoded = base64_decode ($pdf_content);
////Write data back to pdf file | [
3310,
13,
4706,
395,
1420,
353,
12801,
2492,
4765,
543,
22686,
3188,
29953,
29946,
6169,
29908,
3114,
543,
2103,
29901,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
8874,
29908,
2900,
2670,
13,
13,
458,
4706,
2916,
395,
1420,
29936,
13,
458,
4706,
6876,
29936,
13,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
2103,
29896,
353,
20088,
29898,
29900,
29892,
29945,
29900,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
2103,
29906,
353,
20088,
29898,
29900,
29892,
29946,
29900,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
2103,
29941,
353,
20088,
6278,
29896,
29900,
29892,
29906,
29900,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
2103,
29941,
4619,
29938,
2103,
29906,
29936,
13,
4706,
395,
29878,
29896,
353,
20088,
29898,
29896,
29892,
29947,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
29878,
29906,
353,
20088,
29898,
29896,
29892,
29947,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
29878,
29941,
353,
20088,
29898,
29896,
29892,
29947,
416,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
1420,
25019,
12801,
1182,
2900,
29966,
1182,
2900,
29966,
1182,
2900,
2670,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
1420,
29889,
2433,
29966,
2371,
5299,
509,
23625,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
1420,
25019,
12801,
1594,
5299,
2492,
4765,
13802,
16293,
793,
29914,
29883,
1758,
3396,
29914,
8346,
29914,
303,
1160,
29914,
303,
1160,
29918,
22686,
29878,
29896,
29889,
4286,
2732,
29908,
29871,
3114,
543,
9264,
29899,
1563,
29901,
525,
7449,
2103,
29896,
6169,
1756,
29936,
2920,
29901,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29945,
1756,
23901,
2565,
1594,
23625,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
1420,
25019,
12801,
1594,
5299,
2492,
4765,
13802,
16293,
793,
29914,
29883,
1758,
3396,
29914,
8346,
29914,
1266,
29914,
1266,
29918,
22686,
29878,
29906,
29889,
4286,
2732,
29908,
29871,
3114,
543,
9264,
29899,
1563,
29901,
525,
7449,
2103,
29906,
6169,
1756,
29936,
2920,
29901,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29945,
1756,
4681,
29966,
1182,
2900,
29966,
1182,
2900,
2670,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
1420,
25019,
12801,
2492,
4765,
13802,
16293,
793,
29914,
29883,
1758,
3396,
29914,
8346,
29914,
4530,
29914,
4530,
29918,
22686,
29878,
29941,
29889,
4286,
2732,
29908,
29871,
3114,
543,
9264,
29899,
1563,
29901,
525,
7449,
2103,
29941,
6169,
1756,
29936,
2920,
29901,
29871,
29947,
29945,
1756,
23901,
2565,
1594,
23625,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
1420,
29889,
2433,
829,
509,
2565,
2371,
23625,
13,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
1420,
353,
9849,
29894,
703,
10496,
29899,
29947,
3284,
10496,
29899,
29947,
458,
6259,
6632,
1525,
613,
29938,
1420,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
25699,
353,
1409,
29898,
13,
9651,
525,
27821,
7883,
29915,
1149,
1409,
877,
9420,
29899,
29947,
742,
1870,
29892,
29871,
29900,
1919,
29900,
1919,
29900,
1919,
29900,
29892,
29900,
29892,
29900,
29892,
29900,
29892,
29900,
29892,
4907,
10353,
13,
9651,
525,
3539,
10922,
6818,
29915,
1149,
1870,
29892,
849,
29938,
8513,
2980,
363,
14350,
7020,
1158,
13,
9651,
525,
3539,
10922,
15514,
895,
29915,
1149,
1870,
29892,
849,
29938,
8513,
2980,
363,
14350,
7020,
1158,
13,
9651,
525,
3539,
10922,
11123,
29915,
1149,
1870,
29892,
849,
29938,
5358,
2980,
363,
14350,
7020,
1158,
13,
9651,
525,
4905,
3434,
3871,
29915,
1149,
1870,
29892,
849,
29938,
9507,
2980,
363,
10604,
1158,
13,
9651,
525,
4905,
14994,
29915,
1149,
1870,
29892,
849,
29938,
7854,
2980,
363,
10604,
1158,
13,
4706,
3482,
13,
4706,
395,
1526,
2176,
3170,
976,
17281,
29918,
20965,
29918,
9420,
29947,
353,
1565,
29936,
13,
4706,
395,
1526,
2176,
3170,
976,
9536,
29918,
3090,
842,
29918,
535,
3259,
353,
2089,
29936,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
1526,
2176,
3170,
976,
8382,
353,
1565,
29936,
13,
13,
4706,
736,
395,
1526,
2176,
3170,
976,
17158,
29925,
2176,
5103,
1566,
1420,
29892,
395,
25699,
416,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
1678,
970,
740,
1967,
1762,
29925,
2176,
1566,
9507,
29892,
395,
1853,
29922,
1870,
2597,
13,
458,
4706,
565,
3255,
1853,
1275,
1870,
2597,
13,
4706,
565,
3255,
1853,
2804,
525,
8159,
1495,
29912,
13,
9651,
395,
2271,
353,
525,
1124,
597,
4286,
14630,
18603,
1839,
18603,
29918,
5813,
13359,
29938,
1366,
976,
17158,
5983,
877,
2940,
1762,
29925,
2176,
742,
2378,
877,
9507,
29915,
1149,
2967,
29953,
29946,
29918,
12508,
1566,
9507,
17884,
13,
4706,
500,
2870,
29912,
13,
9651,
395,
2271,
353,
525,
1124,
597,
4286,
14630,
18603,
1839,
18603,
29918,
5813,
13359,
29938,
1366,
976,
17158,
5983,
877,
2940,
1762,
29925,
2176,
742,
2378,
877,
9507,
29915,
1149,
2967,
29953,
29946,
29918,
12508,
1566,
9507,
511,
525,
332,
29915,
1149,
29871,
29906,
2483,
13,
458,
9651,
2916,
29871,
395,
2271,
29936,
13,
458,
9651,
6876,
29936,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
458,
4706,
500,
2870,
29912,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
2271,
353,
525,
1124,
597,
4286,
14630,
18603,
1839,
18603,
29918,
5813,
13359,
29938,
1366,
976,
17158,
5983,
877,
3258,
29918,
3027,
29918,
5140,
742,
2378,
877,
9507,
29915,
1149,
395,
9507,
29892,
525,
1853,
29915,
1149,
395,
1853,
2483,
13,
458,
4706,
500,
13,
4706,
395,
5140,
1272,
353,
934,
29918,
657,
29918,
10853,
1566,
2271,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
3188,
29953,
29946,
353,
2967,
29953,
29946,
29918,
12508,
1566,
5140,
1272,
416,
13,
4706,
736,
395,
3188,
29953,
29946,
29936,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
1678,
970,
740,
1967,
1762,
5160,
29953,
29946,
1566,
1445,
2605,
2597,
13,
4706,
395,
1445,
2605,
353,
4770,
9464,
1649,
6169,
29914,
21546,
21546,
2676,
29914,
22686,
1445,
2605,
29936,
13,
4706,
395,
326,
4063,
532,
353,
934,
29918,
657,
29918,
10853,
1566,
1445,
2605,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
3188,
29953,
29946,
353,
2967,
29953,
29946,
29918,
12508,
1566,
326,
4063,
532,
416,
13,
4706,
736,
395,
3188,
29953,
29946,
29936,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
1678,
970,
740,
1967,
1762,
5160,
29953,
29946,
29918,
29906,
1566,
1445,
2605,
2597,
13,
4706,
395,
326,
4063,
532,
353,
934,
29918,
657,
29918,
10853,
1566,
1445,
2605,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
3188,
29953,
29946,
353,
2967,
29953,
29946,
29918,
12508,
1566,
326,
4063,
532,
416,
13,
4706,
736,
395,
3188,
29953,
29946,
29936,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
13,
1678,
970,
740,
13552,
1762,
5160,
29953,
29946,
1566,
2271,
2597,
13,
4706,
395,
2271,
353,
525,
991,
597,
4286,
14630,
18603,
1839,
18603,
29918,
5813,
13359,
29938,
2271,
29936,
13,
4706,
395,
5140,
1272,
353,
934,
29918,
657,
29918,
10853,
1566,
2271,
416,
13,
13,
6165,
2772,
401,
13552,
2793,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
5140,
29918,
7099,
6797,
353,
2967,
29953,
29946,
29918,
13808,
3255,
5140,
29918,
3051,
416,
13,
6165,
6113,
848,
1250,
304,
13552,
934
] | 1,024 | Github | -2.045194 | -0.919486 | -1.878284 | -1.774875 |
// $pdf = fopen ('test.pdf','w');
// fwrite ($pdf,$pdf_decoded);
////close output file
// fclose ($pdf);
// echo 'Done';
$base64 = base64_encode($pdfdata);
return $base64;
}
/**
* @Route("/panel/merge-docs/{id}/{img}/{stamp}", name="merge_docs", defaults={"img" = 0, {"stamp" = 1 }})
*/
public function mergeDocsAction($id, $img = 0, $stamp = 1){
$types = array(
'passport' => ['x' => 590, 'y' => 800],
'driver' => ['x' => 400*1.475, 'y' => 250*1.475],
'doc' => ['x' => 827, 'y' => 1170],
'snils' => ['x' => 480*1.2, 'y' => 340*1.2],
'other' => ['x' => 827, 'y' => 1170]
);
$user = $this->getDoctrine()->getRepository('CrmMainBundle:User')->find($id);
$passport = $user->getCopyPassport()['path'];
$driver = $user->getCopyDriverPassport()['path'];
$snils = $user->getCopySnils()['path'];
$inn = $user->getCopyInn()['path'];
$image = new \Imagick();
$image->newImage(1450, 2000, new \ImagickPixel('white'));
$image->setImageArtifact('compose:args', "1,0,-0.5,0.5");
$image->setImageVirtualPixelMethod(\Imagick::VIRTUALPIXELMETHOD_TRANSPARENT);
$imgPassport = new \Imagick('/var/www/'.$passport);
$w = $types['passport']['x'];
$h = $types['passport']['y'];
$imgPassport->resizeImage($w,$h, \Imagick::FILTER_LANCZOS,1);
$bg = new \Imagick();
$bg->newImage($w,$h, new \ImagickPixel("white"));
$bg->compositeImage($imgPassport,\Imagick::COMPOSITE_DEFAULT,0,0);
// $bg->deskewImage(80);
// $bg->blueShiftImage(1);
// $bg->adaptiveSharpenImage(2,1);
// $bg->motionBlurImage(1.5,1,1.5);
// $bg->adaptiveBlurImage(1,3);
// $bg->sharpenImage(3,2);
// $bg->trimImage(1);
// $bg->setImageCompressionQuality(40);
$bg = $this->setBorder($bg);
$image->compositeImage($bg, \Imagick::COMPOSITE_DEFAULT,0,0);
$passportHeight = $h;
$imgInn = new \Imagick('/var/www/'.$inn);
$w = $types['doc']['x'];
$h = $types['doc']['y'];
$imgInn->resizeImage($w,$h, \Imagick::FILTER_LANCZOS,1);
$imgInn->adaptiveBlurImage(0.8,1.5);
$imgInn->sharpenImage(3,2);
$imgInn = $this->setBorder($imgInn);
$image->compositeImage($imgInn, \Imagick::COMPOSITE_DEFAULT,600,0);
$innHeight = $h;
$imgDriver = new \Imagick('/var/www/'.$driver);
if ($imgDriver->getImageHeight() > $imgDriver | [
13,
458,
4706,
395,
5140,
353,
285,
3150,
6702,
1688,
29889,
5140,
3788,
29893,
2157,
13,
458,
4706,
285,
3539,
3255,
5140,
8209,
5140,
29918,
7099,
6797,
416,
13,
6165,
5358,
1962,
934,
13,
458,
4706,
285,
5358,
3255,
5140,
416,
13,
458,
4706,
2916,
525,
25632,
2670,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
3188,
29953,
29946,
353,
2967,
29953,
29946,
29918,
12508,
1566,
5140,
1272,
416,
13,
4706,
736,
395,
3188,
29953,
29946,
29936,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
1678,
7762,
13,
268,
334,
732,
12085,
11974,
15119,
29914,
14634,
29899,
2640,
19248,
333,
6822,
29912,
2492,
6822,
29912,
303,
1160,
17671,
1024,
543,
14634,
29918,
2640,
613,
21274,
3790,
29908,
2492,
29908,
353,
29871,
29900,
29892,
8853,
303,
1160,
29908,
353,
29871,
29896,
500,
1800,
13,
268,
3776,
13,
1678,
970,
740,
10366,
29928,
12332,
4276,
1566,
333,
29892,
395,
2492,
353,
29871,
29900,
29892,
395,
303,
1160,
353,
29871,
29896,
2597,
13,
4706,
395,
8768,
353,
1409,
29898,
13,
9651,
525,
3364,
637,
29915,
1149,
6024,
29916,
29915,
1149,
29871,
29945,
29929,
29900,
29892,
525,
29891,
29915,
1149,
259,
29947,
29900,
29900,
1402,
13,
9651,
525,
9465,
29915,
1149,
6024,
29916,
29915,
1149,
29871,
29946,
29900,
29900,
29930,
29896,
29889,
29946,
29955,
29945,
29892,
525,
29891,
29915,
1149,
259,
29906,
29945,
29900,
29930,
29896,
29889,
29946,
29955,
29945,
1402,
13,
9651,
525,
1514,
29915,
1149,
6024,
29916,
29915,
1149,
29871,
29947,
29906,
29955,
29892,
525,
29891,
29915,
1149,
259,
29896,
29896,
29955,
29900,
1402,
13,
9651,
525,
16586,
2719,
29915,
1149,
6024,
29916,
29915,
1149,
29871,
29946,
29947,
29900,
29930,
29896,
29889,
29906,
29892,
525,
29891,
29915,
1149,
259,
29941,
29946,
29900,
29930,
29896,
29889,
29906,
1402,
13,
9651,
525,
1228,
29915,
1149,
6024,
29916,
29915,
1149,
29871,
29947,
29906,
29955,
29892,
525,
29891,
29915,
1149,
259,
29896,
29896,
29955,
29900,
29962,
13,
4706,
3482,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
1792,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
657,
6132,
14600,
13539,
657,
11481,
877,
29907,
1758,
6330,
9534,
29901,
2659,
22423,
2886,
1566,
333,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
3364,
637,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
7129,
637,
580,
1839,
2084,
8219,
13,
4706,
395,
9465,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
12376,
7129,
637,
580,
1839,
2084,
8219,
13,
4706,
395,
16586,
2719,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
29903,
29876,
2719,
580,
1839,
2084,
8219,
13,
4706,
395,
2559,
353,
395,
1792,
976,
657,
11882,
797,
29876,
580,
1839,
2084,
8219,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
353,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
890,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
1482,
2940,
29898,
29896,
29946,
29945,
29900,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29900,
29892,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
29637,
877,
10921,
14749,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
842,
2940,
9986,
7060,
877,
19438,
29901,
5085,
742,
376,
29896,
29892,
29900,
6653,
29900,
29889,
29945,
29892,
29900,
29889,
29945,
1496,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
842,
2940,
21287,
29637,
4062,
1194,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
29963,
8193,
29911,
29965,
1964,
2227,
29990,
6670,
2303,
4690,
13668,
29918,
26813,
5550,
1718,
3919,
416,
13,
13,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
7129,
637,
353,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
11219,
1707,
29914,
1636,
29914,
22686,
3364,
637,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
29893,
353,
395,
8768,
1839,
3364,
637,
16215,
29916,
8219,
13,
4706,
395,
29882,
353,
395,
8768,
1839,
3364,
637,
16215,
29891,
8219,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
7129,
637,
976,
21476,
2940,
1566,
29893,
8209,
29882,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
3738,
29931,
4945,
29918,
29931,
2190,
29907,
29999,
3267,
29892,
29896,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
16264,
353,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
890,
13,
4706,
395,
16264,
976,
1482,
2940,
1566,
29893,
8209,
29882,
29892,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
29637,
703,
10921,
8983,
13,
4706,
395,
16264,
976,
22410,
568,
2940,
1566,
2492,
7129,
637,
2053,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
21514,
3267,
9094,
29918,
23397,
29892,
29900,
29892,
29900,
416,
13,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
16264,
976,
2783,
446,
29893,
2940,
29898,
29947,
29900,
416,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
16264,
976,
9539,
29657,
2940,
29898,
29896,
416,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
16264,
976,
1114,
415,
573,
2713,
279,
2238,
2940,
29898,
29906,
29892,
29896,
416,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
16264,
976,
29885,
8194,
10358,
332,
2940,
29898,
29896,
29889,
29945,
29892,
29896,
29892,
29896,
29889,
29945,
416,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
16264,
976,
1114,
415,
573,
10358,
332,
2940,
29898,
29896,
29892,
29941,
416,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
16264,
976,
845,
279,
2238,
2940,
29898,
29941,
29892,
29906,
416,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
16264,
976,
15450,
2940,
29898,
29896,
416,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
16264,
976,
842,
2940,
1523,
2590,
24399,
537,
29898,
29946,
29900,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
16264,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
842,
17025,
1566,
16264,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
22410,
568,
2940,
1566,
16264,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
21514,
3267,
9094,
29918,
23397,
29892,
29900,
29892,
29900,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
3364,
637,
7011,
353,
395,
29882,
29936,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
797,
29876,
353,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
11219,
1707,
29914,
1636,
29914,
22686,
2559,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
29893,
353,
395,
8768,
1839,
1514,
16215,
29916,
8219,
13,
4706,
395,
29882,
353,
395,
8768,
1839,
1514,
16215,
29891,
8219,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
797,
29876,
976,
21476,
2940,
1566,
29893,
8209,
29882,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
3738,
29931,
4945,
29918,
29931,
2190,
29907,
29999,
3267,
29892,
29896,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
797,
29876,
976,
1114,
415,
573,
10358,
332,
2940,
29898,
29900,
29889,
29947,
29892,
29896,
29889,
29945,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
797,
29876,
976,
845,
279,
2238,
2940,
29898,
29941,
29892,
29906,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
797,
29876,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
842,
17025,
1566,
2492,
797,
29876,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
22410,
568,
2940,
1566,
2492,
797,
29876,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
21514,
3267,
9094,
29918,
23397,
29892,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29892,
29900,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
2559,
7011,
353,
395,
29882,
29936,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
12376,
353,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
11219,
1707,
29914,
1636,
29914,
22686,
9465,
416,
13,
4706,
565,
3255,
2492,
12376,
976,
657,
2940,
7011,
580,
1405,
395,
2492,
12376
] | 1,024 | Github | -1.844131 | -0.51263 | -1.462256 | -1.93172 |
->getImageWidth()){
$w = $types['driver']['y']*1.4;
$h = $types['driver']['x']*1.2;
}else{
$w = $types['driver']['x'];
$h = $types['driver']['y'];
}
$driverHeight = $h;
$imgDriver->resizeImage($w,$h, \Imagick::FILTER_LANCZOS,1);
$imgDriver->adaptiveBlurImage(0.8,1.5);
$imgDriver->sharpenImage(3,2);
$imgDriver = $this->setBorder($imgDriver);
$image->compositeImage($imgDriver, \Imagick::COMPOSITE_DEFAULT,0,($passportHeight+10));
$imgSnils = new \Imagick('/var/www/'.$snils);
$w = $types['snils']['x'];
$h = $types['snils']['y'];
$imgSnils->resizeImage($w,$h, \Imagick::FILTER_LANCZOS,1);
$imgSnils->adaptiveBlurImage(0.8,1.5);
$imgSnils->sharpenImage(3,2);
$imgSnils = $this->setBorder($imgSnils);
$image->compositeImage($imgSnils, \Imagick::COMPOSITE_DEFAULT,0,$passportHeight+$driverHeight+20);
$stampR = mt_rand(1,5);
$rightR = mt_rand(1,10);
$rotateR = mt_rand(-15,15);
if ($stamp == 1){
$stamp = new \Imagick($this->get('kernel')->getRootDir() . '/../web/bundles/crmmain/images/stamp/stamp_'.$stampR.'.png');
$stamp->rotateImage(new \ImagickPixel('#FFFFFFFF'),$rotateR);
$stamp->resizeImage($stamp->getImageWidth()*1.2, $stamp->getImageHeight()*1.2, \Imagick::FILTER_LANCZOS,1);
// $stamp->adaptiveBlurImage(0.8,1.5);
// $stamp->sharpenImage(3,2);
$right = new \Imagick($this->get('kernel')->getRootDir() . '/../web/bundles/crmmain/images/right/right_'.$rightR.'.png');
$right->resizeImage($right->getImageWidth()*1.7, $right->getImageHeight()*1.7, \Imagick::FILTER_LANCZOS,1);
// $right->adaptiveBlurImage(0.8,1.5);
// $right->sharpenImage(3,2);
$width1 = mt_rand(620,650);
$width2 = rand(120,160);
$height1 = mt_rand($innHeight+20,$innHeight+60);
$height2 = mt_rand(20,80);
$width = $width1;
$height = $height1;
$image->compositeImage($right, \Imagick::COMPOSITE_DEFAULT,$width,$height);
$width = $width + $stamp->getImageWidth() + $width2;
$height += $height2;
$image->compositeImage($stamp, \Imagick::COMPOSITE_DEFAULT,$width, $height);
}
// try {
// $image->adaptiveBlurImage(0.8,1.5);
// $image->sharpenImage(3,2);
// } catch(\ImagickException $e) {
// echo 'Error: ' , $e->getMessage();
// die();
// }
$image->setFormat('jpg');
$image->setImageFormat('jpg');
$base64 = 'data | [
976,
657,
2940,
6110,
580,
2597,
13,
9651,
395,
29893,
353,
395,
8768,
1839,
9465,
16215,
29891,
2033,
29930,
29896,
29889,
29946,
29936,
13,
9651,
395,
29882,
353,
395,
8768,
1839,
9465,
16215,
29916,
2033,
29930,
29896,
29889,
29906,
29936,
13,
4706,
500,
2870,
29912,
13,
9651,
395,
29893,
353,
395,
8768,
1839,
9465,
16215,
29916,
8219,
13,
9651,
395,
29882,
353,
395,
8768,
1839,
9465,
16215,
29891,
8219,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
4706,
395,
9465,
7011,
353,
395,
29882,
29936,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
12376,
976,
21476,
2940,
1566,
29893,
8209,
29882,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
3738,
29931,
4945,
29918,
29931,
2190,
29907,
29999,
3267,
29892,
29896,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
12376,
976,
1114,
415,
573,
10358,
332,
2940,
29898,
29900,
29889,
29947,
29892,
29896,
29889,
29945,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
12376,
976,
845,
279,
2238,
2940,
29898,
29941,
29892,
29906,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
12376,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
842,
17025,
1566,
2492,
12376,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
22410,
568,
2940,
1566,
2492,
12376,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
21514,
3267,
9094,
29918,
23397,
29892,
29900,
29892,
1566,
3364,
637,
7011,
29974,
29896,
29900,
2483,
13,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
29903,
29876,
2719,
353,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
11219,
1707,
29914,
1636,
29914,
22686,
16586,
2719,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
29893,
353,
395,
8768,
1839,
16586,
2719,
16215,
29916,
8219,
13,
4706,
395,
29882,
353,
395,
8768,
1839,
16586,
2719,
16215,
29891,
8219,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
29903,
29876,
2719,
976,
21476,
2940,
1566,
29893,
8209,
29882,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
3738,
29931,
4945,
29918,
29931,
2190,
29907,
29999,
3267,
29892,
29896,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
29903,
29876,
2719,
976,
1114,
415,
573,
10358,
332,
2940,
29898,
29900,
29889,
29947,
29892,
29896,
29889,
29945,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
29903,
29876,
2719,
976,
845,
279,
2238,
2940,
29898,
29941,
29892,
29906,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
2492,
29903,
29876,
2719,
353,
395,
1366,
976,
842,
17025,
1566,
2492,
29903,
29876,
2719,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
22410,
568,
2940,
1566,
2492,
29903,
29876,
2719,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
21514,
3267,
9094,
29918,
23397,
29892,
29900,
8209,
3364,
637,
7011,
24035,
9465,
7011,
29974,
29906,
29900,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
303,
1160,
29934,
353,
286,
29873,
29918,
9502,
29898,
29896,
29892,
29945,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
1266,
29934,
353,
286,
29873,
29918,
9502,
29898,
29896,
29892,
29896,
29900,
416,
13,
4706,
395,
23361,
29934,
353,
286,
29873,
29918,
9502,
6278,
29896,
29945,
29892,
29896,
29945,
416,
13,
13,
4706,
565,
3255,
303,
1160,
1275,
29871,
29896,
2597,
13,
9651,
395,
303,
1160,
353,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1566,
1366,
976,
657,
877,
17460,
22423,
657,
10303,
9170,
580,
869,
8207,
6995,
2676,
29914,
16293,
793,
29914,
29883,
1758,
3396,
29914,
8346,
29914,
303,
1160,
29914,
303,
1160,
29918,
22686,
303,
1160,
29934,
29889,
4286,
2732,
2157,
13,
9651,
395,
303,
1160,
976,
23361,
2940,
29898,
1482,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
29637,
14237,
22098,
22098,
5477,
29938,
23361,
29934,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
303,
1160,
976,
21476,
2940,
1566,
303,
1160,
976,
657,
2940,
6110,
580,
29930,
29896,
29889,
29906,
29892,
395,
303,
1160,
976,
657,
2940,
7011,
580,
29930,
29896,
29889,
29906,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
3738,
29931,
4945,
29918,
29931,
2190,
29907,
29999,
3267,
29892,
29896,
416,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
303,
1160,
976,
1114,
415,
573,
10358,
332,
2940,
29898,
29900,
29889,
29947,
29892,
29896,
29889,
29945,
416,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
303,
1160,
976,
845,
279,
2238,
2940,
29898,
29941,
29892,
29906,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
1266,
353,
716,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1566,
1366,
976,
657,
877,
17460,
22423,
657,
10303,
9170,
580,
869,
8207,
6995,
2676,
29914,
16293,
793,
29914,
29883,
1758,
3396,
29914,
8346,
29914,
1266,
29914,
1266,
29918,
22686,
1266,
29934,
29889,
4286,
2732,
2157,
13,
9651,
395,
1266,
976,
21476,
2940,
1566,
1266,
976,
657,
2940,
6110,
580,
29930,
29896,
29889,
29955,
29892,
395,
1266,
976,
657,
2940,
7011,
580,
29930,
29896,
29889,
29955,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
3738,
29931,
4945,
29918,
29931,
2190,
29907,
29999,
3267,
29892,
29896,
416,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
1266,
976,
1114,
415,
573,
10358,
332,
2940,
29898,
29900,
29889,
29947,
29892,
29896,
29889,
29945,
416,
13,
458,
4706,
395,
1266,
976,
845,
279,
2238,
2940,
29898,
29941,
29892,
29906,
416,
13,
13,
9651,
395,
2103,
29896,
353,
286,
29873,
29918,
9502,
29898,
29953,
29906,
29900,
29892,
29953,
29945,
29900,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
2103,
29906,
353,
20088,
29898,
29896,
29906,
29900,
29892,
29896,
29953,
29900,
416,
13,
13,
9651,
395,
3545,
29896,
353,
286,
29873,
29918,
9502,
1566,
2559,
7011,
29974,
29906,
29900,
8209,
2559,
7011,
29974,
29953,
29900,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
3545,
29906,
353,
286,
29873,
29918,
9502,
29898,
29906,
29900,
29892,
29947,
29900,
416,
13,
13,
9651,
395,
2103,
353,
395,
2103,
29896,
29936,
13,
9651,
395,
3545,
353,
395,
3545,
29896,
29936,
13,
9651,
395,
3027,
976,
22410,
568,
2940,
1566,
1266,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
21514,
3267,
9094,
29918,
23397,
8209,
2103,
8209,
3545,
416,
13,
9651,
395,
2103,
353,
395,
2103,
718,
395,
303,
1160,
976,
657,
2940,
6110,
580,
718,
395,
2103,
29906,
29936,
13,
9651,
395,
3545,
4619,
395,
3545,
29906,
29936,
13,
9651,
395,
3027,
976,
22410,
568,
2940,
1566,
303,
1160,
29892,
320,
1888,
351,
860,
1057,
21514,
3267,
9094,
29918,
23397,
8209,
2103,
29892,
395,
3545,
416,
13,
4706,
500,
13,
13,
13,
13,
458,
4706,
1018,
426,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
3027,
976,
1114,
415,
573,
10358,
332,
2940,
29898,
29900,
29889,
29947,
29892,
29896,
29889,
29945,
416,
13,
458,
9651,
395,
3027,
976,
845,
279,
2238,
2940,
29898,
29941,
29892,
29906,
416,
13,
458,
4706,
500,
4380,
1194,
1888,
351,
860,
2451,
395,
29872,
29897,
426,
13,
458,
9651,
2916,
525,
2392,
29901,
525,
1919,
395,
29872,
976,
28983,
890,
13,
458,
9651,
762,
890,
13,
458,
4706,
500,
13,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
842,
5809,
877,
6173,
2157,
13,
4706,
395,
3027,
976,
842,
2940,
5809,
877,
6173,
2157,
13,
13,
4706,
395,
3188,
29953,
29946,
353,
525,
1272
] | 1,024 | Github | -1.925643 | -0.68264 | -1.8209 | -2.326361 |
Share facts or photos of intriguing scientific phenomena.
Periodic Table Facts
Referred to as the 'Bible of Chemistry', the periodic table is a condensed form of information about everything in chemistry. Related facts that are interesting to read form the subject matter of this article.
Kundan Pandey
Every science student who has ever studied chemistry must be aware about the periodic table. In fact, if any single source in the world of chemistry is rated to be the top most information providing reference or source about chemical elements, it is undoubtedly the periodic table. Since its inception, it has gone through various modifications.
Key for the Periodic Table
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
Lanthinides
Actinides
Transition Metals
Poor Metals
Other Metals
Nobel Gases
Metalloids
Unknown Chemical Properties
Periodic Table of Elements
s-block Transition Elements
d- block p-block Nobel
Group 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1.0079 2
10.811 6
18.998 10
101.07 45
137.33 57 - 71
La-Lu
207.2 83
(226) 89 -103
Ac-Lr
(261) 105
Lanthanide 57
Actinide 89
Interesting Facts About the Periodic Table
The starting point is to know about the interesting history surrounding it, its evolution, and other facts. Since hundreds of years, scientists have been suggesting various forms of ways and methods to arrange elements in the periodic table. However, the credit for the modern periodic table goes to a Russian chemistry professor, Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev. Nevertheless, the contribution of former scientists and others is immensely significant, and in some or the other ways, every small development led to the final tabulation of the periodic table.
Here, it is worth mentioning that, in the periodic table, the chemical elements are arranged based on their atomic mass and atomic numbers. The periodic table with atomic mass and atomic numbers helps researchers and students understand the physical and chemical properties of various elements.
Alkali Metals: Placed in the 1st group, alkali metals consist of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium, and are extremely reactive in nature.
Alkaline Earth Metals: Beryllium, magnesium calcium, strontium, barium, and radium are the elements that belong to the alkaline earth metals category.
Transition Metals: Placed in groups 3 to 12, transition metals are known for their unique metallic properties. Chromium, copper, nickel, mercury, gold, and silver are the elements belonging to this group of metals.
Rare Earth Metals: Ever wondered to which group man-made and synthetic elements like cerium, curium, europium, and uranium belong to? Well, these are the rare earth elements, and they are placed in the 3rd, 6th, and 7th period of the periodic table.
Non Metals: The 14th, 15th, and 16th group consists of non metallic elements like carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and selenium.
Inert Gases: More popularly known as noble gases, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon occupy the 18th group, and their most significant property is that they are inert in nature, reacting only in specific conditions of temperature and pressure.
Here are some more interesting facts:
In whole of the periodic table, the only letter that never appears anywhere is J.
Oxygen, the most reactive and 3rd-most abundant element in the universe, forms a major part of our body and helps sustain life on this universe.
Carbon, in all probabilities, is the most extensive element that has millions of compounds. In fact, organic chemistry is a branch totally dedicated to carbon compounds.
Hydrogen is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe.
There are 110 known elements and 18 | [
26849,
17099,
470,
20612,
310,
11158,
5526,
292,
16021,
17292,
28342,
29889,
13,
29853,
293,
6137,
26748,
29879,
13,
1123,
14373,
304,
408,
278,
525,
29933,
1821,
310,
12677,
6020,
742,
278,
29591,
1591,
338,
263,
2148,
21144,
883,
310,
2472,
1048,
4129,
297,
8950,
6020,
29889,
6376,
630,
17099,
393,
526,
8031,
304,
1303,
883,
278,
4967,
4383,
310,
445,
4274,
29889,
13,
29968,
870,
273,
349,
4182,
29891,
13,
26526,
10466,
8368,
1058,
756,
3926,
12399,
8950,
6020,
1818,
367,
9543,
1048,
278,
29591,
1591,
29889,
512,
2114,
29892,
565,
738,
2323,
2752,
297,
278,
3186,
310,
8950,
6020,
338,
364,
630,
304,
367,
278,
2246,
1556,
2472,
13138,
3407,
470,
2752,
1048,
22233,
3161,
29892,
372,
338,
563,
283,
3116,
23244,
278,
29591,
1591,
29889,
4001,
967,
297,
1441,
29892,
372,
756,
7695,
1549,
5164,
26278,
29889,
13,
2558,
363,
278,
29498,
293,
6137,
13,
2499,
29895,
2606,
4737,
1338,
13,
2499,
11311,
457,
11563,
4737,
1338,
13,
29931,
9716,
262,
2247,
13,
2865,
262,
2247,
13,
4300,
654,
4737,
1338,
13,
9837,
272,
4737,
1338,
13,
16107,
4737,
1338,
13,
29940,
711,
295,
402,
2129,
13,
10095,
26177,
4841,
13,
14148,
12677,
936,
21582,
13,
29853,
293,
6137,
310,
10619,
29879,
13,
29879,
29899,
1271,
4103,
654,
10619,
29879,
13,
29881,
29899,
2908,
282,
29899,
1271,
27813,
13,
4782,
29871,
29896,
29871,
29906,
29871,
29941,
29871,
29946,
29871,
29945,
29871,
29953,
29871,
29955,
29871,
29947,
29871,
29929,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29871,
29896,
29906,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29871,
29896,
29953,
29871,
29896,
29955,
29871,
29896,
29947,
13,
29896,
29889,
29900,
29900,
29955,
29929,
29871,
29906,
13,
29896,
29900,
29889,
29947,
29896,
29896,
29871,
29953,
13,
29896,
29947,
29889,
29929,
29929,
29947,
29871,
29896,
29900,
13,
29896,
29900,
29896,
29889,
29900,
29955,
29871,
29946,
29945,
13,
29896,
29941,
29955,
29889,
29941,
29941,
29871,
29945,
29955,
448,
29871,
29955,
29896,
13,
5661,
29899,
24126,
13,
29906,
29900,
29955,
29889,
29906,
29871,
29947,
29941,
13,
29898,
29906,
29906,
29953,
29897,
29871,
29947,
29929,
448,
29896,
29900,
29941,
13,
10644,
29899,
29931,
29878,
13,
29898,
29906,
29953,
29896,
29897,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29945,
13,
29931,
9716,
273,
680,
29871,
29945,
29955,
13,
2865,
262,
680,
29871,
29947,
29929,
13,
4074,
342,
292,
26748,
29879,
13611,
278,
29498,
293,
6137,
13,
1576,
6257,
1298,
338,
304,
1073,
1048,
278,
8031,
4955,
18830,
372,
29892,
967,
14675,
29892,
322,
916,
17099,
29889,
4001,
21006,
310,
2440,
29892,
9638,
2879,
505,
1063,
26233,
5164,
7190,
310,
5837,
322,
3519,
304,
564,
3881,
3161,
297,
278,
29591,
1591,
29889,
2398,
29892,
278,
16200,
363,
278,
5400,
29591,
1591,
5771,
304,
263,
10637,
8950,
6020,
12251,
29892,
360,
2415,
374,
16560,
586,
436,
341,
3324,
280,
5750,
29889,
25678,
29892,
278,
11896,
310,
4642,
9638,
2879,
322,
4045,
338,
5198,
575,
873,
7282,
29892,
322,
297,
777,
470,
278,
916,
5837,
29892,
1432,
2319,
5849,
5331,
304,
278,
2186,
4434,
2785,
310,
278,
29591,
1591,
29889,
13,
10605,
29892,
372,
338,
7088,
3585,
292,
393,
29892,
297,
278,
29591,
1591,
29892,
278,
22233,
3161,
526,
21050,
2729,
373,
1009,
23489,
4158,
322,
23489,
3694,
29889,
450,
29591,
1591,
411,
23489,
4158,
322,
23489,
3694,
6911,
5925,
414,
322,
8041,
2274,
278,
9128,
322,
22233,
4426,
310,
5164,
3161,
29889,
13,
2499,
29895,
2606,
4737,
1338,
29901,
13494,
1133,
297,
278,
29871,
29896,
303,
2318,
29892,
29827,
2606,
1539,
1338,
5718,
310,
301,
389,
1974,
29892,
20892,
1974,
29892,
3104,
465,
1974,
29892,
14051,
333,
1974,
29892,
7015,
1974,
29892,
322,
2524,
455,
398,
29892,
322,
526,
14154,
337,
4925,
297,
5469,
29889,
13,
2499,
11311,
457,
11563,
4737,
1338,
29901,
350,
708,
29880,
492,
398,
29892,
2320,
4515,
1974,
15835,
398,
29892,
851,
609,
1974,
29892,
289,
22826,
29892,
322,
2971,
1974,
526,
278,
3161,
393,
6852,
304,
278,
394,
11311,
457,
8437,
1539,
1338,
7663,
29889,
13,
4300,
654,
4737,
1338,
29901,
13494,
1133,
297,
6471,
29871,
29941,
304,
29871,
29896,
29906,
29892,
9558,
1539,
1338,
526,
2998,
363,
1009,
5412,
1539,
497,
293,
4426,
29889,
678,
456,
1974,
29892,
1302,
2496,
29892,
25985,
295,
29892,
2778,
2764,
29891,
29892,
7684,
29892,
322,
13283,
526,
278,
3161,
23329,
304,
445,
2318,
310,
1539,
1338,
29889,
13,
29934,
598,
11563,
4737,
1338,
29901,
18274,
4997,
287,
304,
607,
2318,
767,
29899,
26350,
322,
14710,
7492,
3161,
763,
5147,
1974,
29892,
3151,
1974,
29892,
12793,
1974,
29892,
322,
318,
661,
1974,
6852,
304,
29973,
5674,
29892,
1438,
526,
278,
10812,
8437,
3161,
29892,
322,
896,
526,
7180,
297,
278,
29871,
29941,
5499,
29892,
29871,
29953,
386,
29892,
322,
29871,
29955,
386,
3785,
310,
278,
29591,
1591,
29889,
13,
12283,
4737,
1338,
29901,
450,
29871,
29896,
29946,
386,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29945,
386,
29892,
322,
29871,
29896,
29953,
386,
2318,
11624,
310,
1661,
1539,
497,
293,
3161,
763,
22004,
29892,
21767,
307,
1885,
29892,
288,
28596,
29892,
5394,
22613,
29892,
322,
18866,
29889,
13,
797,
814,
402,
2129,
29901,
5853,
5972,
368,
2998,
408,
15996,
330,
2129,
29892,
1081,
1974,
29892,
452,
265,
29892,
1852,
265,
29892,
413,
4641,
265,
29892,
921,
264,
265,
29892,
322,
2971,
265,
6919,
29891,
278,
29871,
29896,
29947,
386,
2318,
29892,
322,
1009,
1556,
7282,
2875,
338,
393,
896,
526,
297,
814,
297,
5469,
29892,
7657,
292,
871,
297,
2702,
5855,
310,
10430,
322,
12959,
29889,
13,
10605,
526,
777,
901,
8031,
17099,
29901,
13,
797,
3353,
310,
278,
29591,
1591,
29892,
278,
871,
5497,
393,
2360,
5692,
12214,
338,
435,
29889,
13,
29949,
28596,
29892,
278,
1556,
337,
4925,
322,
29871,
29941,
5499,
29899,
3242,
18666,
424,
1543,
297,
278,
19859,
29892,
7190,
263,
4655,
760,
310,
1749,
3573,
322,
6911,
15075,
475,
2834,
373,
445,
19859,
29889,
13,
8179,
6718,
29892,
297,
599,
2070,
11614,
29892,
338,
278,
1556,
20607,
1543,
393,
756,
14746,
310,
752,
3885,
29889,
512,
2114,
29892,
2894,
293,
8950,
6020,
338,
263,
5443,
14909,
16955,
304,
22004,
752,
3885,
29889,
13,
29950,
11279,
1885,
338,
278,
3578,
342,
322,
1556,
18666,
424,
1543,
297,
278,
19859,
29889,
13,
8439,
526,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29900,
2998,
3161,
322,
29871,
29896,
29947
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -0.131703 | 0.317303 | 2.368069 | 2.110827 |
Inaugural Roanoke College Film Festival
Contact: Liz Groff, groff@roanoke.edu
Location: Roanoke College
With the enthusiastic support of Roanoke College professors and film specialists, the Department of Modern Languages at Roanoke College has organized an International Film Festival in order to promote international cinema within the larger Salem and Roanoke communities and also at the College. We will be showing seven films which represent the seven foreign languages offered at Roanoke College February 19-24, 2019 and will hold screenings at the Grandin Theater and the Taubman Museum.
Each screening will be followed by a panel-led discussion. Please visit the festival website for more information on the films.
Van transportation will be available to the off-campus screenings at Grandin Theater (Wednesdays) and the Taubman (Sunday). The van will leave Bast parking lot on Wednesday at 4:15 p.m. and Sunday at 1:15 p.m.
Detailed Film descriptions and synopsis.
The World (2004, Jia Zhangke, Chinese) Tuesday, Feb. 19, 6:00pm, Antrim Chapel
Discussion Panel Participant: Dr. Stella Xu (History)
At the Beijing World Park, a theme park that displays small versions of famous world monuments, one of the performers, Tao (Zhao Tao), is dating a guard named Taisheng (Taisheng Chen). However, they have a difficult bond, full of jealousy and miscommunication. While Tao forms friendships with other performers, Taisheng develops a fascination with Qun (Yi-qun Wang), a woman trying to join her husband in France. Despite their differences, Tao and Taisheng attempt to continue their relationship.
Fire at Sea (Fuocoamare, 2016, Gianfranco Rosi) Wednesday, Feb. 20, 5:00pm, Grandin Theater, 1310 Grandin Rd SW, Roanoke
Discussion Panel Participants: Prof. Giuliana Chapman (Italian); Dr. Josh Alvizu (German)
Winner of the Golden Bear for Best Film at the Berlin Film Festival 2016, Gianfranco Rosi's incisive, poignant and deeply moving portrait of the Mediterranean island of Lampedusa – and the humanitarian crisis occurring in the seas around it – is both a masterly work of documentary filmmaking and a timely call for urgent action. Situated 150 miles south of Sicily, Lampedusa has hit headlines as the first port of call for hundreds of thousands of African and Middle Eastern refugees hoping to make a new life in Europe. After spending months living on the island and engaging with its inhabitants, Rosi accumulated an incredible array of footage, portraying the history, culture and daily lives of the islanders. Focusing on 12-year-old Samuele, as he explores the land and attempts to gain mastery of the sea, the film slowly builds a breathtakingly naturalistic portrait of the Lampedusan people and the events that surround them. The result is a lyrical, poetic and searingly powerful documentary that casts neither judgment nor aspersions, but simply shows the world to the viewer – to utterly devastating effect. (website)
Oh Lucy! (2017, Atsuko Hirayanagi) Thursday, Feb. 21, 7:00pm, Wortmann Ballroom, Colket Center
Discussion Panel Participant: Dr. Soon Khoo (Screen Studies)
OH LUCY! follows Setsuko (Shinobu Terajima in an Independent Spirit Award-nominated performance), a single, emotionally unfulfilled woman, seemingly stuck with a drab, meaningless life in Tokyo. At least until she's convinced by her niece, Mika (Shioli Kutsuna, Deadpool 2), to enroll in an unorthodox English class that requires her to wear a blonde wig and take on an American alter ego named "Lucy." The new identity awakens something dormant in Setsuko, and she quickly develops romantic feelings for her American instructor, John (Josh Hartnett, Showtime's "Penny Dreadful"). | [
512,
2987,
3631,
1528,
1562,
446,
6346,
4643,
8518,
13,
13443,
29901,
365,
466,
6070,
600,
29892,
4071,
600,
29992,
307,
1562,
446,
29889,
6085,
13,
6508,
29901,
1528,
1562,
446,
6346,
13,
3047,
278,
23644,
29875,
6288,
2304,
310,
1528,
1562,
446,
6346,
25718,
943,
322,
2706,
4266,
2879,
29892,
278,
10317,
310,
14624,
365,
8737,
472,
1528,
1562,
446,
6346,
756,
19098,
385,
4623,
4643,
8518,
297,
1797,
304,
27391,
6121,
24615,
2629,
278,
7200,
317,
12698,
322,
1528,
1562,
446,
23507,
322,
884,
472,
278,
6346,
29889,
1334,
674,
367,
6445,
9881,
12298,
607,
2755,
278,
9881,
9117,
10276,
12520,
472,
1528,
1562,
446,
6346,
6339,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29899,
29906,
29946,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29929,
322,
674,
4808,
4315,
886,
472,
278,
6265,
262,
16150,
322,
278,
10523,
431,
1171,
6838,
29889,
13,
9760,
4315,
292,
674,
367,
5643,
491,
263,
9451,
29899,
839,
10679,
29889,
3529,
6493,
278,
16005,
4700,
363,
901,
2472,
373,
278,
12298,
29889,
13,
29963,
273,
8608,
362,
674,
367,
3625,
304,
278,
1283,
29899,
24821,
375,
4315,
886,
472,
6265,
262,
16150,
313,
29956,
287,
4515,
16700,
29897,
322,
278,
10523,
431,
1171,
313,
29903,
870,
388,
467,
450,
1109,
674,
5967,
25315,
610,
9292,
3287,
373,
15050,
4515,
3250,
472,
29871,
29946,
29901,
29896,
29945,
282,
29889,
29885,
29889,
322,
16340,
472,
29871,
29896,
29901,
29896,
29945,
282,
29889,
29885,
29889,
13,
29928,
11881,
4643,
2342,
1980,
322,
5222,
15368,
29889,
13,
1576,
2787,
313,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29946,
29892,
435,
423,
796,
11895,
446,
29892,
10013,
29897,
323,
1041,
3250,
29892,
26319,
29889,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29892,
29871,
29953,
29901,
29900,
29900,
3358,
29892,
530,
15450,
13741,
295,
13,
4205,
17348,
349,
3870,
3455,
12654,
424,
29901,
4942,
29889,
624,
3547,
1060,
29884,
313,
20570,
29897,
13,
4178,
278,
1522,
823,
292,
2787,
4815,
29892,
263,
10929,
14089,
393,
14423,
2319,
6910,
310,
13834,
3186,
22586,
29892,
697,
310,
278,
2189,
414,
29892,
323,
6241,
313,
29999,
2350,
29877,
323,
6241,
511,
338,
270,
1218,
263,
8372,
4257,
10523,
728,
996,
313,
29911,
29874,
728,
996,
21589,
467,
2398,
29892,
896,
505,
263,
5189,
21224,
29892,
2989,
310,
1444,
20521,
29891,
322,
3984,
27820,
362,
29889,
5806,
323,
6241,
7190,
5121,
9981,
411,
916,
2189,
414,
29892,
10523,
728,
996,
2693,
29879,
263,
21028,
3381,
411,
660,
348,
313,
29979,
29875,
29899,
339,
29876,
23856,
511,
263,
6114,
1811,
304,
5988,
902,
10216,
297,
3444,
29889,
19454,
1009,
12651,
29892,
323,
6241,
322,
10523,
728,
996,
4218,
304,
6773,
1009,
9443,
29889,
13,
18654,
472,
14070,
313,
29943,
29884,
6235,
314,
598,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29953,
29892,
21569,
16799,
1111,
5678,
29875,
29897,
15050,
4515,
3250,
29892,
26319,
29889,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29892,
29871,
29945,
29901,
29900,
29900,
3358,
29892,
6265,
262,
16150,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29896,
29900,
6265,
262,
390,
29881,
25289,
29892,
1528,
1562,
446,
13,
4205,
17348,
349,
3870,
3455,
12654,
1934,
29901,
6175,
29889,
24740,
3857,
13741,
1171,
313,
10512,
713,
416,
4942,
29889,
22838,
838,
29894,
466,
29884,
313,
29954,
3504,
29897,
13,
29956,
3993,
310,
278,
16108,
23606,
363,
6407,
4643,
472,
278,
5115,
4643,
8518,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29953,
29892,
21569,
16799,
1111,
5678,
29875,
29915,
29879,
297,
3476,
573,
29892,
772,
647,
424,
322,
24344,
8401,
21760,
310,
278,
25620,
10800,
273,
11359,
310,
365,
1160,
287,
11326,
785,
322,
278,
5199,
3673,
713,
24161,
13920,
292,
297,
278,
409,
294,
2820,
372,
785,
338,
1716,
263,
5835,
368,
664,
310,
1842,
653,
2706,
28990,
322,
263,
5335,
873,
1246,
363,
5065,
5362,
3158,
29889,
23920,
630,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29900,
7800,
7062,
310,
18349,
2354,
29892,
365,
1160,
287,
11326,
756,
7124,
2343,
9012,
408,
278,
937,
2011,
310,
1246,
363,
21006,
310,
17202,
310,
11715,
322,
14253,
16162,
25447,
267,
17231,
304,
1207,
263,
716,
2834,
297,
4092,
29889,
2860,
805,
2548,
7378,
8471,
373,
278,
11359,
322,
3033,
6751,
411,
967,
19681,
29892,
5678,
29875,
18414,
7964,
385,
29811,
1821,
1409,
310,
3661,
482,
29892,
2011,
764,
292,
278,
4955,
29892,
9257,
322,
14218,
12080,
310,
278,
11359,
414,
29889,
383,
542,
4746,
373,
29871,
29896,
29906,
29899,
6360,
29899,
1025,
3685,
434,
280,
29892,
408,
540,
3902,
2361,
278,
2982,
322,
14734,
304,
11581,
5835,
29891,
310,
278,
7205,
29892,
278,
2706,
14205,
23315,
263,
2078,
271,
400,
5086,
368,
5613,
4695,
21760,
310,
278,
365,
1160,
287,
375,
273,
2305,
322,
278,
4959,
393,
8388,
618,
963,
29889,
450,
1121,
338,
263,
26627,
936,
29892,
772,
7492,
322,
409,
4362,
368,
13988,
1842,
653,
393,
4320,
29879,
9561,
24284,
3643,
408,
6774,
1080,
29892,
541,
3763,
3697,
278,
3186,
304,
278,
6316,
556,
785,
304,
14401,
368,
2906,
579,
1218,
2779,
29889,
313,
22942,
29897,
13,
9048,
28846,
29991,
313,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29892,
319,
1372,
2679,
29877,
6324,
764,
273,
17698,
29897,
498,
1295,
3250,
29892,
26319,
29889,
29871,
29906,
29896,
29892,
29871,
29955,
29901,
29900,
29900,
3358,
29892,
13824,
4403,
13402,
8345,
29892,
1530,
7873,
7817,
13,
4205,
17348,
349,
3870,
3455,
12654,
424,
29901,
4942,
29889,
1105,
265,
476,
1251,
29877,
313,
11357,
16972,
29897,
13,
23170,
365,
23129,
29979,
29991,
4477,
317,
1691,
2679,
29877,
313,
2713,
262,
711,
29884,
5061,
1175,
2946,
297,
385,
25266,
20799,
7526,
29899,
29876,
5817,
630,
4180,
511,
263,
2323,
29892,
953,
8194,
635,
443,
1319,
26940,
6114,
29892,
2833,
11687,
10771,
411,
263,
270,
4201,
29892,
6593,
2222,
2834,
297,
20377,
29889,
2180,
3203,
2745,
1183,
29915,
29879,
25617,
491,
902,
4930,
346,
29892,
341,
4106,
313,
2713,
29875,
5079,
476,
8842,
4347,
29892,
16992,
10109,
29871,
29906,
511,
304,
427,
1245,
297,
385,
443,
2072,
17324,
4223,
770,
393,
6858,
902,
304,
19531,
263,
1999,
13469,
281,
335,
322,
2125,
373,
385,
3082,
10551,
321,
1484,
4257,
376,
24126,
1270,
1213,
450,
716,
10110,
3773,
557,
575,
1554,
270,
555,
424,
297,
317,
1691,
2679,
29877,
29892,
322,
1183,
9098,
2693,
29879,
6017,
7716,
21737,
363,
902,
3082,
18690,
272,
29892,
2259,
313,
29967,
10578,
12321,
20764,
29892,
7704,
2230,
29915,
29879,
376,
29925,
264,
1460,
360,
949,
1319,
2564
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 1.329397 | -0.268586 | 0.55512 | 0.84848 |
When John suddenly disappears from class, Setsuko travels halfway around the world in search of him, and in the outskirts of Southern California, family ties and past lives are tested as she struggles to preserve the dream and promise of "Lucy."
La Camioneta (2012, Mark Kendall) Friday, Feb. 22, 7:00pm, Antrim Chapel
Discussion Panel Participants: Dr. José Banuelos Montes (Spanish); Dr. Charlene Kalinoski (Spanish)
Every day dozens of decommissioned school buses leave the United States on a southward migration that carries them to Guatemala, where they are repaired, repainted, and resurrected as the brightly-colored camionetas that bring the vast majority of Guatemalans to work each day. Since 2006, nearly 1,000 camioneta drivers and fare-collectors have been murdered for either refusing or being unable to pay the extortion money demanded by local Guatemalan gangs. LA CAMIONETA follows one such bus on its transformative journey: a journey between North and South, between life and death, and through an unfolding collection of moments, people, and places that serve to quietly remind us of the interconnected worlds in which we live.
Hester Street (1975, Joan Micklin Silver) Saturday, Feb. 23, 2:00pm, Antrim Chapel
Discussion Panel Participants: Dr. Annie Berke (Film Studies, Hollins); Dr. Zachary Ingle (Screen Studies); Dr. Josh Alvizu (German); Les Epstein (Chair, Department of Theater Community High School of Arts & Academics)
It's 1896. Yankel Bogovnik, a Russian Jew, emigrated to the United States three years earlier and has settled where many of his background have, namely on Hester Street on the Lower East Side of New York City. He has assimilated to American life, having learned English, anglicized his name to Jake, and shaved off his beard. He is working at a $12/week job as a seamster, the money earned to be able to bring his wife Gitl and his son Yossele to America from Russia. Regardless, he has fallen in love with another woman, a dancer named Mamie Fein. Nonetheless, he is excited when he learns that Gitl and Yossele are indeed coming to America. His happiness at their arrival is dampened when he sees that Gitl is not "American" looking like Mamie and has troubles assimilating as quickly as he would like. Except to Mamie, he tries to show a public façade that everything is fine at home with Gitl. But can their marriage survive these differences, and if not, will Gitl be able to manage in this new land where she has few supports?- Huggo
Ali: Fear Eats the Soul (1974, Rainer Werner Fassbiner) Saturday, Feb. 23, 7:00pm Wortmann Ballroom, Colket Center
Discussion Panel Participants: Dr. Josh Alvizu (German); Dr. Zachary Ingle (Screen Studies)
The wildly prolific German filmmaker Rainer Werner Fassbinder paid homage to his cinematic hero Douglas Sirk with this update of that filmmaker's 1955 All That Heaven Allows. A lonely widow (Brigitte Mira) meets a much younger Arab worker (El Hedi ben Salem) in a bar during a rainstorm. They fall in love, to their own surprise—and to the outright shock of their families, colleagues, and drinking buddies. In Ali: Fear Eats the Soul, Fassbinder expertly wields the emotional power of classic Hollywood melodrama to expose the racial tensions underlying contemporary German culture (Criterion).
Hope (2014, Boris Lojkine) Sunday, Feb. 24, 2:00pm, Taubman Museum, 110 Salem Ave SE, RoanokeDiscussion Panel Participant: Dr. Liz Groff (French)
Deep in the Sahara desert, as they try to get to Europe, Leonard, a young man from Cameroon, rescues Hope, a Nigerian woman. In a fiercely hostile world | [
1932,
2259,
11584,
8796,
15451,
515,
770,
29892,
317,
1691,
2679,
29877,
9850,
29879,
4203,
1582,
2820,
278,
3186,
297,
2740,
310,
1075,
29892,
322,
297,
278,
714,
808,
381,
1372,
310,
14234,
8046,
29892,
3942,
260,
583,
322,
4940,
12080,
526,
9528,
408,
1183,
10205,
793,
304,
19905,
278,
12561,
322,
11640,
310,
376,
24126,
1270,
1213,
13,
5661,
5500,
291,
1187,
313,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29906,
29892,
4485,
476,
355,
497,
29897,
28728,
29892,
26319,
29889,
29871,
29906,
29906,
29892,
29871,
29955,
29901,
29900,
29900,
3358,
29892,
530,
15450,
13741,
295,
13,
4205,
17348,
349,
3870,
3455,
12654,
1934,
29901,
4942,
29889,
7942,
10765,
2491,
359,
4526,
267,
313,
15495,
728,
416,
4942,
29889,
2896,
29880,
1600,
9172,
8226,
1984,
313,
15495,
728,
29897,
13,
26526,
2462,
437,
29920,
575,
310,
316,
2055,
2333,
287,
3762,
3593,
267,
5967,
278,
3303,
3900,
373,
263,
7062,
1328,
20332,
393,
1559,
2722,
963,
304,
2088,
17533,
2883,
29892,
988,
896,
526,
1634,
29874,
2859,
29892,
1634,
2365,
287,
29892,
322,
620,
332,
1621,
287,
408,
278,
11785,
368,
29899,
2780,
287,
3949,
291,
300,
294,
393,
6963,
278,
13426,
13638,
310,
2088,
17533,
284,
550,
304,
664,
1269,
2462,
29889,
4001,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29953,
29892,
8886,
29871,
29896,
29892,
29900,
29900,
29900,
3949,
291,
1187,
18563,
322,
20036,
29899,
15914,
943,
505,
1063,
13406,
287,
363,
2845,
2143,
4746,
470,
1641,
9368,
304,
5146,
278,
1294,
441,
291,
6909,
24432,
491,
1887,
2088,
17533,
284,
273,
20676,
29879,
29889,
17900,
315,
5194,
2725,
2544,
29909,
4477,
697,
1316,
3593,
373,
967,
4327,
1230,
16342,
29901,
263,
16342,
1546,
4644,
322,
4275,
29892,
1546,
2834,
322,
4892,
29892,
322,
1549,
385,
20220,
292,
4333,
310,
19462,
29892,
2305,
29892,
322,
7600,
393,
9080,
304,
25970,
1083,
513,
502,
310,
278,
1006,
18045,
3186,
29879,
297,
607,
591,
5735,
29889,
13,
29950,
4156,
7103,
313,
29896,
29929,
29955,
29945,
29892,
19317,
341,
860,
1915,
16466,
29897,
24211,
29892,
26319,
29889,
29871,
29906,
29941,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29901,
29900,
29900,
3358,
29892,
530,
15450,
13741,
295,
13,
4205,
17348,
349,
3870,
3455,
12654,
1934,
29901,
4942,
29889,
530,
2786,
2292,
446,
313,
3434,
29885,
16972,
29892,
379,
3028,
1144,
416,
4942,
29889,
29103,
653,
512,
6234,
313,
11357,
16972,
416,
4942,
29889,
22838,
838,
29894,
466,
29884,
313,
29954,
3504,
416,
2664,
14055,
5465,
313,
1451,
1466,
29892,
10317,
310,
16150,
19184,
5057,
4523,
310,
11401,
669,
16146,
1199,
29897,
13,
3112,
29915,
29879,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29929,
29953,
29889,
612,
804,
295,
15872,
586,
5585,
29892,
263,
10637,
9576,
29892,
953,
4481,
630,
304,
278,
3303,
3900,
2211,
2440,
8859,
322,
756,
17141,
988,
1784,
310,
670,
3239,
505,
29892,
18451,
373,
379,
4156,
7103,
373,
278,
27723,
6932,
19160,
310,
1570,
3088,
4412,
29889,
940,
756,
24443,
309,
630,
304,
3082,
2834,
29892,
2534,
10972,
4223,
29892,
2614,
506,
1891,
670,
1024,
304,
435,
1296,
29892,
322,
528,
10511,
1283,
670,
367,
538,
29889,
940,
338,
1985,
472,
263,
395,
29896,
29906,
29914,
18448,
4982,
408,
263,
409,
314,
2475,
29892,
278,
6909,
20591,
304,
367,
2221,
304,
6963,
670,
6532,
11786,
29880,
322,
670,
1487,
612,
359,
344,
280,
304,
6813,
515,
12710,
29889,
2169,
538,
2222,
29892,
540,
756,
19225,
297,
5360,
411,
1790,
6114,
29892,
263,
6025,
2265,
4257,
27287,
347,
5169,
262,
29889,
10050,
621,
6393,
29892,
540,
338,
24173,
746,
540,
24298,
1983,
393,
11786,
29880,
322,
612,
359,
344,
280,
526,
6200,
6421,
304,
6813,
29889,
3600,
22722,
472,
1009,
18517,
338,
270,
1160,
6419,
746,
540,
18553,
393,
11786,
29880,
338,
451,
376,
14689,
29908,
3063,
763,
27287,
347,
322,
756,
18835,
24443,
309,
1218,
408,
9098,
408,
540,
723,
763,
29889,
1222,
1547,
304,
27287,
347,
29892,
540,
14335,
304,
1510,
263,
970,
2258,
30019,
1943,
393,
4129,
338,
2691,
472,
3271,
411,
11786,
29880,
29889,
1205,
508,
1009,
13718,
10503,
573,
1438,
12651,
29892,
322,
565,
451,
29892,
674,
11786,
29880,
367,
2221,
304,
10933,
297,
445,
716,
2982,
988,
1183,
756,
2846,
11286,
29973,
29899,
379,
688,
1484,
13,
29909,
492,
29901,
383,
799,
382,
1446,
278,
27339,
313,
29896,
29929,
29955,
29946,
29892,
390,
4008,
22597,
383,
465,
2109,
261,
29897,
24211,
29892,
26319,
29889,
29871,
29906,
29941,
29892,
29871,
29955,
29901,
29900,
29900,
3358,
13824,
4403,
13402,
8345,
29892,
1530,
7873,
7817,
13,
4205,
17348,
349,
3870,
3455,
12654,
1934,
29901,
4942,
29889,
22838,
838,
29894,
466,
29884,
313,
29954,
3504,
416,
4942,
29889,
29103,
653,
512,
6234,
313,
11357,
16972,
29897,
13,
1576,
8775,
368,
410,
29880,
928,
5332,
2706,
28107,
390,
4008,
22597,
383,
465,
29890,
4995,
12530,
3632,
482,
304,
670,
4670,
19217,
13444,
16721,
6290,
29895,
411,
445,
2767,
310,
393,
2706,
28107,
29915,
29879,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29945,
29945,
2178,
2193,
22977,
2178,
1242,
29889,
319,
23123,
873,
9449,
340,
313,
29933,
8966,
5388,
29422,
29897,
28103,
263,
1568,
20023,
10387,
15645,
313,
6489,
379,
15844,
3856,
317,
12698,
29897,
297,
263,
2594,
2645,
263,
1153,
2611,
555,
29889,
2688,
6416,
297,
5360,
29892,
304,
1009,
1914,
16671,
30003,
392,
304,
278,
714,
1266,
19253,
310,
1009,
13175,
29892,
23056,
21628,
29892,
322,
13748,
292,
8619,
29881,
583,
29889,
512,
10785,
29901,
383,
799,
382,
1446,
278,
27339,
29892,
383,
465,
29890,
4995,
17924,
368,
281,
969,
29879,
278,
23023,
1848,
3081,
310,
22037,
19180,
9232,
397,
20556,
304,
24396,
278,
1153,
1455,
260,
5580,
14407,
24952,
5332,
9257,
313,
29907,
5385,
291,
467,
13,
29950,
2300,
313,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29946,
29892,
6780,
275,
365,
3848,
29895,
457,
29897,
16340,
29892,
26319,
29889,
29871,
29906,
29946,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29901,
29900,
29900,
3358,
29892,
10523,
431,
1171,
6838,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29900,
317,
12698,
319,
345,
3725,
29892,
1528,
1562,
446,
4205,
17348,
349,
3870,
3455,
12654,
424,
29901,
4942,
29889,
365,
466,
6070,
600,
313,
29943,
4615,
29897,
13,
2772,
1022,
297,
278,
24246,
2518,
18197,
29892,
408,
896,
1018,
304,
679,
304,
4092,
29892,
26921,
29892,
263,
4123,
767,
515,
5500,
1489,
265,
29892,
620,
29883,
1041,
7963,
29892,
263,
20537,
713,
6114,
29889,
512,
263,
21334,
29883,
873,
3495,
488,
3186
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 1.054973 | -0.087606 | -0.000891 | 0.149003 |
The American Journal of Pharmacy, 1884. > March 1884. >
Some African Kolas, in their Botanical, Chemical and Therapeutical Aspects.
Cola acuminata
Cola cordifolia
Cola duparquetiana
Cola ficifolia
Cola heterophylla
Erythroxylum coca
Garcinia kola
Garcinia morella
Sterculia setigera
(Abstract of a lengthy memoir read before the Union Scientifique des Pharmaciens de France (Journ. Pharm. et de Chimie, [5], vii, p. 553; viii, p. 81, 177.))
BY E. HECKEL AND F. SCHLAGDENHAUFFEN.
Among the vegetable products of the African soil, there is perhaps none more interesting and valuable than those which under the various names of "kola," "gourou," "ombéné," "nangoué," and "kokkorokou," are used as articles of consumption throughout tropical and equatorial Africa, as equivalent to tea, coffee, maté and cacao. Used under the form of seeds, probably from time immemorial, by the native tribes, these products are of varying botanic origin, and their history has been up to the present time imperfectly known; but the authors have been able to avail themselves of the observations of some recent travelers to clear up some obscure points.
The products which are included by the authors under the name ""kola" (the various synonyms quoted being special to particular countries) consist of seeds, yielded by two families of plants and differing very much in appearance. The kind most widely distributed, the "true kola," which by some of the natives is called the "female kola," comes from the Sterculiaceae; another variety, called by the author "false kola," is known among the negroes as simply "kola," or "male kola." Before the authors' researches only the "true" or "female" kola was known, and it had been ascertained to be yielded by the Sterculia acuminata, P. de Beauv. (Cola acuminata, R. Br.). To this Messrs. Heckeland and Schlagdenhauffen are able now to add information concerning the "male" kola, hitherto unknown, and to give reasons for believing that various other species of Sterculia, besides S. acuminata, yield kola seeds.
Dealing first with "female" kola, the authors describe at length Sterculia acuminata from specimens, the description agreeing with Oliver's description of var. a (Fl. Trop. Af., L, 220.) According to the best information, the tree—which is from 30 to 60 feet high, and in general aspect resembles the chestnut—grows wild upon the western coast of Africa comprised between Sierra Leone and the Congo or Lower Guinea, reaching into the interior about five or six hundred miles, where it appears to follow the limits of the palm. Upon the eastern coast it appears to be unknown in places where it has not been introduced by the English. Dr. Schweinfurth, speaking of the country of the Nyams-Nyams, near lake Nyanza, says that among the imposing forms of vegetation a Sterculia of the kola kind predominates and is called locally "kokkorokou." In the country of the Momboutous (24° E. long., 3° N. lat.), too, upon asking for kola he was supplied with the fruit in its rose-colored envelope; but the only information he could obtain there concerning it was that the nuts were found in the country in the wild state and were called "nangoué" by the natives, who chewed slices of it whilst smoking. Karsten, in his "Flore de Colombie," describes the plant as growing wild in the moist hot woods near the southern coast of Venezuela, but the authors believe it was probably introduced there about the same time as it was introduced into Martinique, and that it was sown by African negroes, who brought it into those countries in the same manner as they are known to have introduced S. cordifolia for the sake of its delicious fruit. It has also been introduced successfully by the English into the East Indies, the Seychelles, Ceylon, Demerara, Dominica, Mauritius, Sidney and Z | [
450,
3082,
8237,
310,
1963,
2817,
4135,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29947,
29946,
29889,
1405,
4779,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29947,
29946,
29889,
1405,
13,
9526,
11715,
10451,
294,
29892,
297,
1009,
26035,
936,
29892,
12677,
936,
322,
498,
1572,
412,
329,
936,
1094,
1103,
29879,
29889,
13,
1625,
29874,
1274,
9735,
532,
13,
1625,
29874,
13793,
28963,
13,
1625,
29874,
5141,
279,
12621,
3857,
13,
1625,
29874,
22959,
28963,
13,
1625,
29874,
25745,
3021,
2904,
433,
13,
29923,
719,
386,
307,
29916,
2904,
398,
274,
6400,
13,
29954,
5666,
262,
423,
413,
2963,
13,
29954,
5666,
262,
423,
3036,
3547,
13,
29903,
357,
1810,
423,
731,
335,
1572,
13,
29898,
9118,
310,
263,
3309,
29891,
2626,
6390,
1303,
1434,
278,
7761,
23753,
22781,
553,
1963,
22824,
455,
575,
316,
3444,
313,
29967,
2905,
29889,
1963,
2817,
29889,
634,
316,
678,
326,
347,
29892,
518,
29945,
1402,
325,
2236,
29892,
282,
29889,
29871,
29945,
29945,
29941,
29936,
325,
25609,
29892,
282,
29889,
29871,
29947,
29896,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29955,
29955,
29889,
876,
13,
22716,
382,
29889,
379,
11206,
6059,
29931,
5300,
383,
29889,
317,
3210,
4375,
29954,
29928,
1430,
15715,
29965,
4198,
1430,
29889,
13,
6833,
549,
278,
18655,
519,
9316,
310,
278,
11715,
22473,
29892,
727,
338,
6060,
5642,
901,
8031,
322,
21114,
1135,
1906,
607,
1090,
278,
5164,
2983,
310,
376,
29895,
2963,
1699,
376,
29887,
473,
283,
1699,
376,
3424,
25747,
1699,
376,
29876,
574,
283,
29948,
1699,
322,
376,
29895,
554,
13123,
554,
283,
1699,
526,
1304,
408,
7456,
310,
27430,
10106,
21881,
322,
1592,
24737,
10557,
29892,
408,
7126,
304,
23429,
29892,
26935,
29892,
1775,
29948,
322,
274,
562,
6241,
29889,
501,
8485,
1090,
278,
883,
310,
409,
5779,
29892,
3117,
515,
931,
5198,
331,
9020,
29892,
491,
278,
7531,
29201,
29892,
1438,
9316,
526,
310,
24099,
24662,
293,
3978,
29892,
322,
1009,
4955,
756,
1063,
701,
304,
278,
2198,
931,
10112,
3647,
368,
2998,
29936,
541,
278,
15717,
505,
1063,
2221,
304,
20847,
6053,
310,
278,
13917,
310,
777,
7786,
9850,
414,
304,
2821,
701,
777,
19726,
545,
3291,
29889,
13,
1576,
9316,
607,
526,
5134,
491,
278,
15717,
1090,
278,
1024,
5124,
29895,
2963,
29908,
313,
1552,
5164,
5222,
4735,
29879,
23153,
1641,
4266,
304,
3153,
10916,
29897,
5718,
310,
409,
5779,
29892,
7709,
287,
491,
1023,
13175,
310,
18577,
322,
1163,
292,
1407,
1568,
297,
10097,
29889,
450,
2924,
1556,
17644,
13235,
29892,
278,
376,
3009,
413,
2963,
1699,
607,
491,
777,
310,
278,
302,
5056,
338,
2000,
278,
376,
29888,
331,
744,
413,
2963,
1699,
5304,
515,
278,
28588,
1810,
423,
23062,
29936,
1790,
12875,
29892,
2000,
491,
278,
4148,
376,
4541,
413,
2963,
1699,
338,
2998,
4249,
278,
26577,
267,
408,
3763,
376,
29895,
2963,
1699,
470,
376,
19202,
413,
2963,
1213,
10949,
278,
15717,
29915,
5925,
267,
871,
278,
376,
3009,
29908,
470,
376,
29888,
331,
744,
29908,
413,
2963,
471,
2998,
29892,
322,
372,
750,
1063,
408,
6327,
7114,
304,
367,
7709,
287,
491,
278,
28588,
1810,
423,
1274,
9735,
532,
29892,
349,
29889,
316,
23826,
29894,
29889,
313,
1625,
29874,
1274,
9735,
532,
29892,
390,
29889,
1771,
6250,
1763,
445,
11946,
2288,
29889,
940,
384,
14045,
322,
1102,
3110,
1145,
29882,
585,
15794,
526,
2221,
1286,
304,
788,
2472,
19813,
278,
376,
19202,
29908,
413,
2963,
29892,
298,
2121,
517,
9815,
29892,
322,
304,
2367,
9590,
363,
1339,
15387,
393,
5164,
916,
6606,
310,
28588,
1810,
423,
29892,
18034,
317,
29889,
1274,
9735,
532,
29892,
7709,
413,
2963,
409,
5779,
29889,
13,
2772,
12818,
937,
411,
376,
29888,
331,
744,
29908,
413,
2963,
29892,
278,
15717,
8453,
472,
3309,
28588,
1810,
423,
1274,
9735,
532,
515,
1580,
326,
575,
29892,
278,
6139,
8661,
292,
411,
19731,
29915,
29879,
6139,
310,
722,
29889,
263,
313,
8754,
29889,
21601,
29889,
10393,
1696,
365,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29906,
29900,
1846,
7579,
304,
278,
1900,
2472,
29892,
278,
5447,
30003,
4716,
338,
515,
29871,
29941,
29900,
304,
29871,
29953,
29900,
6900,
1880,
29892,
322,
297,
2498,
9565,
620,
1590,
793,
278,
521,
342,
21305,
30003,
29887,
5727,
8775,
2501,
278,
15782,
12180,
310,
10557,
7199,
3368,
1546,
24790,
951,
650,
322,
278,
29723,
470,
27723,
29252,
29892,
20888,
964,
278,
13290,
1048,
5320,
470,
4832,
6893,
7800,
29892,
988,
372,
5692,
304,
1101,
278,
13071,
310,
278,
5112,
29885,
29889,
19956,
278,
18632,
12180,
372,
5692,
304,
367,
9815,
297,
7600,
988,
372,
756,
451,
1063,
9129,
491,
278,
4223,
29889,
4942,
29889,
10445,
7192,
332,
386,
29892,
13590,
310,
278,
4234,
310,
278,
16693,
2232,
29899,
29940,
29891,
2232,
29892,
2978,
19437,
16693,
8520,
29892,
4083,
393,
4249,
278,
7275,
292,
7190,
310,
18655,
362,
263,
28588,
1810,
423,
310,
278,
413,
2963,
2924,
758,
24130,
1078,
322,
338,
2000,
12430,
376,
29895,
554,
13123,
554,
283,
1213,
512,
278,
4234,
310,
278,
341,
3424,
449,
681,
313,
29906,
29946,
30073,
382,
29889,
1472,
1696,
29871,
29941,
30073,
405,
29889,
3405,
9774,
2086,
29892,
2501,
6721,
363,
413,
2963,
540,
471,
19056,
411,
278,
15774,
297,
967,
11492,
29899,
2780,
287,
427,
21367,
29936,
541,
278,
871,
2472,
540,
1033,
4017,
727,
19813,
372,
471,
393,
278,
302,
8842,
892,
1476,
297,
278,
4234,
297,
278,
8775,
2106,
322,
892,
2000,
376,
29876,
574,
283,
29948,
29908,
491,
278,
302,
5056,
29892,
1058,
923,
8734,
269,
29399,
310,
372,
21109,
1560,
17223,
29889,
3467,
3510,
29892,
297,
670,
376,
8754,
487,
316,
15253,
347,
1699,
16612,
278,
8024,
408,
15678,
8775,
297,
278,
2730,
391,
7375,
25013,
2978,
278,
14841,
12180,
310,
20931,
29892,
541,
278,
15717,
4658,
372,
471,
3117,
9129,
727,
1048,
278,
1021,
931,
408,
372,
471,
9129,
964,
6502,
1387,
29892,
322,
393,
372,
471,
269,
776,
491,
11715,
26577,
267,
29892,
1058,
6296,
372,
964,
1906,
10916,
297,
278,
1021,
8214,
408,
896,
526,
2998,
304,
505,
9129,
317,
29889,
13793,
28963,
363,
278,
16563,
310,
967,
628,
14803,
15774,
29889,
739,
756,
884,
1063,
9129,
8472,
491,
278,
4223,
964,
278,
6932,
1894,
583,
29892,
278,
922,
3376,
4999,
29892,
315,
1032,
12957,
29892,
4432,
261,
2518,
29892,
13298,
983,
29892,
11475,
277,
2482,
29892,
19732,
3801,
322,
796
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.191627 | 0.75855 | 1.467871 | 0.441189 |
anzibar, and by the French recently at Guadelope, Cayenne, Cochin China and the Gaboon. In all these stations the kola tree flourishes best in moist lands at the sea-level, or a little above. At Sierra Leone some fine trees are found at an elevation of 200 or 300 metres, but not higher than that.
The kola tree commences to yield a crop about its fourth or fifth year, but it is not until about its tenth year that it is in full bearing. A single tree will then yield an average of 120 lbs. of seed annually. The flowering is nearly continuous after the tree reaches maturity, so that a large tree bears flowers and fruit at the same time. There are two collections; the June flowering yielding the fruit in October and November, and that of November and December in May and June. When the fruit is ripe it takes a brownish yellow color. In this condition dehiscence of the capsule commences along the ventral suture, exposing red and white seeds in the same shell. It is at this period that they are gathered. It has been stated that there exist two varieties of kola, one yielding exclusively red seeds and the other white; but the authors have been repeatedly assured that this is not the case, and that one and the same capsule may contain fifteen seeds varying considerably in size, white and red together, without the white being considered less ripe than the red. The carpels are from 6 to 9 centimetres long and 3 to 5 thick and the spongy pericarp is about 2 or 3 millimetres thick. As many as five or six ripe carpels may result from a single flower, and these may each contain from five to fifteen seeds; but sometimes carpels are met with containing only a single seed. The seeds removed from their envelope weigh, according to their development, from 5 to 25 or 28 grams. The epiderm is the principal site of the coloring matter, and beneath it the cotyledonary tissue consists of a mass of cells gorged with large starch granules comparable to potato starch. It is in these that the alkaloids caffeine and theobromine are found in the free state.
The collection is conducted with great care and is made by women. The seeds are removed from the husk and freed from the episperm. In order to maintain their value among the negroes it is necessary to keep them in a fit state and in good condition. They are, therefore, carefully picked over, all damaged and worm-eaten seeds being removed, and the sound seeds are then placed in large baskets, made of bark and lined with "bal" leaves (Sterculia acuminata, Car., or S. heterophylla, Beauv.?); the seeds are heaped up and then covered over with more "bal" leaves which, by their thickness, resistance and dimensions, contribute not a little to the preservation of the seeds by keeping them from contact with dry air. Packed in this manner the seeds can be transported considerable distances, remaining free from mould for about a month, during which time it is not necessary to submit them to any treatment in order to preserve them fresh beyond keeping the "bal" leaves moist. But if it be desired to keep them beyond that time the operations of picking and re-packing have to be repeated about every thirty days; the seeds, being washed in fresh water and fresh "bal" leaves placed in the baskets. The baskets usually contain about 3 cwts. of seeds. It is in this condition that "kola" is sent into Gambia and Goree, where the principal dealings in the seeds are carried on. In Gambia they are sold in the fresh state to merchants traveling with caravans into the interior, who dry them in the sun and reduce them to a fine powder, which is used, mixed with milk and honey, by the tribes of the interior to make a very agreeable, stimulating and nourishing beverage. It most frequently arrives at Sokota and Kouka in the Soudan and Timbuctoo, where large sales of the seeds are made, in the fresh condition; from the Soudan markets it is carried by caravans to Tripoli, and from Timbuctoo into Morocco. As might be expected the value of the Kola increases as it makes its way into the interior of Africa, and | [
4096,
747,
279,
29892,
322,
491,
278,
5176,
10325,
472,
2088,
11165,
2300,
29892,
315,
388,
4584,
29892,
315,
2878,
262,
7551,
322,
278,
9899,
6150,
29889,
512,
599,
1438,
16355,
278,
413,
2963,
5447,
1652,
473,
17006,
1900,
297,
2730,
391,
12625,
472,
278,
7205,
29899,
5563,
29892,
470,
263,
2217,
2038,
29889,
2180,
24790,
951,
650,
777,
2691,
10697,
526,
1476,
472,
385,
11858,
362,
310,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
470,
29871,
29941,
29900,
29900,
17963,
29892,
541,
451,
6133,
1135,
393,
29889,
13,
1576,
413,
2963,
5447,
844,
2063,
304,
7709,
263,
274,
1336,
1048,
967,
11582,
470,
18615,
1629,
29892,
541,
372,
338,
451,
2745,
1048,
967,
260,
9097,
1629,
393,
372,
338,
297,
2989,
24638,
29889,
319,
2323,
5447,
674,
769,
7709,
385,
6588,
310,
29871,
29896,
29906,
29900,
301,
5824,
29889,
310,
16717,
2889,
1474,
29889,
450,
4972,
3241,
338,
8886,
9126,
1156,
278,
5447,
22170,
286,
1337,
537,
29892,
577,
393,
263,
2919,
5447,
367,
1503,
18281,
322,
15774,
472,
278,
1021,
931,
29889,
1670,
526,
1023,
16250,
29936,
278,
5306,
4972,
3241,
7709,
292,
278,
15774,
297,
5533,
322,
3979,
29892,
322,
393,
310,
3979,
322,
5846,
297,
2610,
322,
5306,
29889,
1932,
278,
15774,
338,
10107,
412,
372,
4893,
263,
17354,
728,
13328,
2927,
29889,
512,
445,
4195,
316,
29882,
10669,
663,
310,
278,
26091,
1297,
844,
2063,
3412,
278,
9712,
1705,
269,
9130,
29892,
14060,
292,
2654,
322,
4796,
409,
5779,
297,
278,
1021,
6473,
29889,
739,
338,
472,
445,
3785,
393,
896,
526,
22229,
29889,
739,
756,
1063,
8703,
393,
727,
1863,
1023,
1197,
20850,
310,
413,
2963,
29892,
697,
7709,
292,
13489,
3598,
2654,
409,
5779,
322,
278,
916,
4796,
29936,
541,
278,
15717,
505,
1063,
28424,
28715,
393,
445,
338,
451,
278,
1206,
29892,
322,
393,
697,
322,
278,
1021,
26091,
1297,
1122,
1712,
25020,
409,
5779,
24099,
2050,
2197,
297,
2159,
29892,
4796,
322,
2654,
4208,
29892,
1728,
278,
4796,
1641,
5545,
3109,
10107,
412,
1135,
278,
2654,
29889,
450,
1559,
29886,
1379,
526,
515,
29871,
29953,
304,
29871,
29929,
1644,
17528,
690,
1472,
322,
29871,
29941,
304,
29871,
29945,
12003,
322,
278,
805,
549,
29891,
639,
293,
6834,
338,
1048,
29871,
29906,
470,
29871,
29941,
3533,
17528,
690,
12003,
29889,
1094,
1784,
408,
5320,
470,
4832,
10107,
412,
1559,
29886,
1379,
1122,
1121,
515,
263,
2323,
28149,
29892,
322,
1438,
1122,
1269,
1712,
515,
5320,
304,
25020,
409,
5779,
29936,
541,
6041,
1559,
29886,
1379,
526,
1539,
411,
6943,
871,
263,
2323,
16717,
29889,
450,
409,
5779,
6206,
515,
1009,
427,
21367,
591,
1141,
29892,
5034,
304,
1009,
5849,
29892,
515,
29871,
29945,
304,
29871,
29906,
29945,
470,
29871,
29906,
29947,
867,
2232,
29889,
450,
321,
5935,
837,
338,
278,
5882,
3268,
310,
278,
2927,
292,
4383,
29892,
322,
19540,
372,
278,
274,
18820,
839,
265,
653,
260,
15118,
11624,
310,
263,
4158,
310,
9101,
330,
990,
287,
411,
2919,
380,
1279,
3803,
2540,
5734,
519,
304,
3104,
1219,
380,
1279,
29889,
739,
338,
297,
1438,
393,
278,
394,
11311,
3398,
29879,
274,
3470,
29872,
457,
322,
278,
711,
456,
457,
526,
1476,
297,
278,
3889,
2106,
29889,
13,
1576,
4333,
338,
18043,
411,
2107,
2562,
322,
338,
1754,
491,
5866,
29889,
450,
409,
5779,
526,
6206,
515,
278,
8646,
29895,
322,
3005,
287,
515,
278,
6010,
17858,
29889,
512,
1797,
304,
7344,
1009,
995,
4249,
278,
26577,
267,
372,
338,
5181,
304,
3013,
963,
297,
263,
6216,
2106,
322,
297,
1781,
4195,
29889,
2688,
526,
29892,
5480,
29892,
16112,
18691,
975,
29892,
599,
5625,
4063,
322,
281,
555,
29899,
29872,
2579,
409,
5779,
1641,
6206,
29892,
322,
278,
6047,
409,
5779,
526,
769,
7180,
297,
2919,
289,
1278,
1691,
29892,
1754,
310,
289,
935,
322,
301,
1312,
411,
376,
5521,
29908,
11308,
313,
29903,
357,
1810,
423,
1274,
9735,
532,
29892,
1704,
1696,
470,
317,
29889,
25745,
3021,
2904,
433,
29892,
23826,
29894,
29889,
29973,
416,
278,
409,
5779,
526,
540,
10501,
701,
322,
769,
10664,
975,
411,
901,
376,
5521,
29908,
11308,
607,
29892,
491,
1009,
12003,
2264,
29892,
17711,
322,
13391,
29892,
29126,
451,
263,
2217,
304,
278,
2225,
20525,
310,
278,
409,
5779,
491,
12515,
963,
515,
6958,
411,
15589,
4799,
29889,
18744,
287,
297,
445,
8214,
278,
409,
5779,
508,
367,
8608,
287,
15620,
24610,
29892,
9886,
3889,
515,
286,
483,
363,
1048,
263,
4098,
29892,
2645,
607,
931,
372,
338,
451,
5181,
304,
9752,
963,
304,
738,
14502,
297,
1797,
304,
19905,
963,
10849,
8724,
12515,
278,
376,
5521,
29908,
11308,
2730,
391,
29889,
1205,
565,
372,
367,
7429,
304,
3013,
963,
8724,
393,
931,
278,
6931,
310,
5839,
292,
322,
337,
29899,
4058,
292,
505,
304,
367,
10324,
1048,
1432,
17058,
3841,
29936,
278,
409,
5779,
29892,
1641,
471,
17143,
297,
10849,
4094,
322,
10849,
376,
5521,
29908,
11308,
7180,
297,
278,
289,
1278,
1691,
29889,
450,
289,
1278,
1691,
5491,
1712,
1048,
29871,
29941,
274,
29893,
1372,
29889,
310,
409,
5779,
29889,
739,
338,
297,
445,
4195,
393,
376,
29895,
2963,
29908,
338,
2665,
964,
402,
1117,
423,
322,
402,
487,
29872,
29892,
988,
278,
5882,
5376,
886,
297,
278,
409,
5779,
526,
8988,
373,
29889,
512,
402,
1117,
423,
896,
526,
5239,
297,
278,
10849,
2106,
304,
2778,
305,
1934,
9850,
292,
411,
1559,
485,
550,
964,
278,
13290,
29892,
1058,
15589,
963,
297,
278,
6575,
322,
10032,
963,
304,
263,
2691,
4764,
672,
29892,
607,
338,
1304,
29892,
12849,
411,
27274,
322,
298,
4992,
29892,
491,
278,
29201,
310,
278,
13290,
304,
1207,
263,
1407,
8661,
519,
29892,
20436,
18099,
322,
302,
473,
14424,
367,
19698,
29889,
739,
1556,
13672,
6974,
267,
472,
317,
554,
4616,
322,
476,
283,
1335,
297,
278,
317,
2736,
273,
322,
7870,
2423,
312,
3634,
29892,
988,
2919,
16538,
310,
278,
409,
5779,
526,
1754,
29892,
297,
278,
10849,
4195,
29936,
515,
278,
317,
2736,
273,
2791,
1691,
372,
338,
8988,
491,
1559,
485,
550,
304,
8602,
3733,
29875,
29892,
322,
515,
7870,
2423,
312,
3634,
964,
3879,
542,
1111,
29889,
1094,
1795,
367,
3806,
278,
995,
310,
278,
476,
2963,
16415,
408,
372,
3732,
967,
982,
964,
278,
13290,
310,
10557,
29892,
322
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.186872 | 0.423721 | 1.446352 | 0.463957 |
the authors state that some of the tribes furthest removed from the sea pay for the dry powder with an equal weight of gold dust. Kola plays an important part in the social life of many of the African tribes, and the authors mention some of the occasions upon which it is used in terms almost identical with those in a paper read at an evening meeting of the Pharmaceutical Society eighteen years ago (Pharm. Journ., [2], vi., 450.) An interchange of white kola between two chiefs is indicative of friendship and peace, whilst the sending of red kola is an act of defiance. An offer of marriage is accompanied by a present of white kola for the mother of the lady; the return of white kola is. equivalent to acceptance of the suit, whilst red means rejection. The absence of a supply of kola from among the marriage presents would endanger the whole arrangement. All the oaths are administered in the presence of kola seeds; the negro stretches out his hand over them whilst he swears and eats them afterwards.
Fresh kola is used as a masticatory, as is also the dried powder, by the-tribes in the interior. When fresh the taste of the seeds is first sweet, then astringent and finally bitter. When the seeds become dry the bitterness diminishes, giving place to a sweeter flavor; but upon steeping them in water for a couple of days the original bitterness is nearly restored. Preference is given for mastication to seeds containing only two cotyledonary segments, it being asserted that they are less rough than those with four to six segments; but the authors did not find anything in their chemical examination to explain this preference. The practice of kola mastication, which is always accompanied by the swallowing of the saliva, does not injuriously affect the teeth, as is the case with the betel nut, but tends to render the gums firm, and exercises a tonic influence on the digestive organs. The seeds are reputed to clarify and render healthy the most foul waters, and to render tainted meat edible, and when chewed, either fresh or as a dry powder, and the saliva swallowed, to be a sure preventive against dysentery. They are also said, like Erythroxylon Coca, to possess the physiological property of enabling persons eating them to undergo prolonged exertion without fatigue, which is probably to be attributed to the caffeine they contain. Further it is said that kola exercises a favorable influence upon the liver, and that white people, living in those regions, who chew a small quantity before meals escape constitutional changes due to affections of that organ. They are also believed by the negroes to have aphrodisiac properties. With respect to the assertion that the pulp or powder of the seeds thrown into foul water has the property of cleaning it, an experiment made by the authors would appear to show that any action in this direction would be due to the formation of a kind of mucilage, which would act mechanically like the white of an egg.
It has been pointed out that the name "kola" is applied in Africa indifferently to several Sterculaceous seeds other than those of the two varieties of Cola acuminata, although these are the most valued in the native markets. It is probable that the African plants capable of yielding seeds resembling the true kola are Cola Duparquetiana, Baill., C. ficifolia, Mast., C. heterophylla, Mast., C. cordifolia, Cav., and perhaps Sterculia tomentosa, Hend. But the authors think it doubtful whether these seeds contain caffeine, otherwise they would be as much sought after as the true kola.
In order to determine chemically the composition of kola seeds, the authors made a large number of experiments; the details fill many pages in the original paper. The dry seeds were first operated upon, and the process which appeared to give the best results was to exhaust the dried powder successively with chloroform and alcohol. The chloroform percolate was a yellowish liquid; this was evaporated to dryness, and the residue treated with water, which separated a fatty substance with an odor recalling that of cacao butter and entirely saponifiable by caustic potash. The yellow liquid upon concentration after filtration, deposited silky needles of caffeine, but when | [
278,
15717,
2106,
393,
777,
310,
278,
29201,
3261,
386,
342,
6206,
515,
278,
7205,
5146,
363,
278,
15589,
4764,
672,
411,
385,
5186,
7688,
310,
7684,
19786,
29889,
476,
2963,
13582,
385,
4100,
760,
297,
278,
5264,
2834,
310,
1784,
310,
278,
11715,
29201,
29892,
322,
278,
15717,
3585,
777,
310,
278,
26108,
2501,
607,
372,
338,
1304,
297,
4958,
4359,
13557,
411,
1906,
297,
263,
5650,
1303,
472,
385,
11005,
11781,
310,
278,
1963,
22824,
346,
329,
936,
7765,
29319,
9404,
2440,
8020,
313,
4819,
2817,
29889,
435,
2905,
1696,
518,
29906,
1402,
3516,
1696,
29871,
29946,
29945,
29900,
1846,
530,
1006,
3167,
310,
4796,
413,
2963,
1546,
1023,
9087,
29879,
338,
4221,
1230,
310,
27994,
322,
10776,
29892,
21109,
278,
9348,
310,
2654,
413,
2963,
338,
385,
1044,
310,
822,
8837,
29889,
530,
5957,
310,
13718,
338,
21302,
491,
263,
2198,
310,
4796,
413,
2963,
363,
278,
5637,
310,
278,
11379,
29936,
278,
736,
310,
4796,
413,
2963,
338,
29889,
7126,
304,
3544,
749,
310,
278,
14726,
29892,
21109,
2654,
2794,
337,
6929,
29889,
450,
18070,
310,
263,
11421,
310,
413,
2963,
515,
4249,
278,
13718,
22981,
723,
1095,
4600,
278,
3353,
24628,
29889,
2178,
278,
288,
493,
29879,
526,
4113,
1531,
287,
297,
278,
10122,
310,
413,
2963,
409,
5779,
29936,
278,
26577,
380,
2267,
6609,
714,
670,
1361,
975,
963,
21109,
540,
7901,
1503,
322,
321,
1446,
963,
12335,
29889,
13,
29943,
3781,
413,
2963,
338,
1304,
408,
263,
286,
6288,
7606,
29892,
408,
338,
884,
278,
270,
1255,
4764,
672,
29892,
491,
278,
29899,
29873,
1091,
267,
297,
278,
13290,
29889,
1932,
10849,
278,
21779,
310,
278,
409,
5779,
338,
937,
14225,
29892,
769,
263,
1807,
296,
322,
7146,
22773,
29889,
1932,
278,
409,
5779,
4953,
15589,
278,
2586,
725,
404,
22964,
17006,
29892,
6820,
2058,
304,
263,
7901,
1308,
21054,
272,
29936,
541,
2501,
1886,
26819,
963,
297,
4094,
363,
263,
7303,
310,
3841,
278,
2441,
2586,
725,
404,
338,
8886,
23119,
29889,
4721,
1659,
338,
2183,
363,
286,
6288,
362,
304,
409,
5779,
6943,
871,
1023,
274,
18820,
839,
265,
653,
24611,
29892,
372,
1641,
4974,
287,
393,
896,
526,
3109,
12164,
1135,
1906,
411,
3023,
304,
4832,
24611,
29936,
541,
278,
15717,
1258,
451,
1284,
3099,
297,
1009,
22233,
4392,
3381,
304,
5649,
445,
24583,
29889,
450,
6944,
310,
413,
2963,
286,
6288,
362,
29892,
607,
338,
2337,
21302,
491,
278,
2381,
9536,
292,
310,
278,
4497,
4244,
29892,
947,
451,
10899,
332,
17365,
6602,
278,
25287,
29892,
408,
338,
278,
1206,
411,
278,
1010,
295,
18254,
29892,
541,
29867,
304,
4050,
278,
330,
6762,
9226,
29892,
322,
24472,
3476,
267,
263,
260,
8927,
9949,
373,
278,
4697,
342,
573,
1638,
550,
29889,
450,
409,
5779,
526,
337,
649,
287,
304,
15544,
322,
4050,
9045,
29891,
278,
1556,
285,
5059,
19922,
29892,
322,
304,
4050,
260,
2365,
287,
27654,
1226,
1821,
29892,
322,
746,
923,
8734,
29892,
2845,
10849,
470,
408,
263,
15589,
4764,
672,
29892,
322,
278,
4497,
4244,
2381,
24622,
29892,
304,
367,
263,
1854,
5557,
573,
2750,
270,
952,
296,
708,
29889,
2688,
526,
884,
1497,
29892,
763,
382,
719,
386,
307,
29916,
2904,
265,
315,
6400,
29892,
304,
22592,
278,
4824,
29875,
5996,
2875,
310,
427,
17961,
12407,
321,
1218,
963,
304,
1090,
1484,
27044,
287,
429,
814,
291,
1728,
9950,
12137,
29892,
607,
338,
3117,
304,
367,
29393,
304,
278,
274,
3470,
29872,
457,
896,
1712,
29889,
8725,
372,
338,
1497,
393,
413,
2963,
24472,
3476,
267,
263,
7853,
519,
9949,
2501,
278,
619,
369,
29892,
322,
393,
4796,
2305,
29892,
8471,
297,
1906,
12786,
29892,
1058,
923,
29893,
263,
2319,
14728,
1434,
592,
1338,
10169,
16772,
284,
3620,
2861,
304,
2756,
29872,
1953,
310,
393,
2894,
29889,
2688,
526,
884,
13112,
491,
278,
26577,
267,
304,
505,
263,
561,
307,
2218,
13544,
4426,
29889,
2973,
3390,
304,
278,
28306,
393,
278,
9505,
29886,
470,
4764,
672,
310,
278,
409,
5779,
12005,
964,
285,
5059,
4094,
756,
278,
2875,
310,
5941,
292,
372,
29892,
385,
7639,
1754,
491,
278,
15717,
723,
2615,
304,
1510,
393,
738,
3158,
297,
445,
5305,
723,
367,
2861,
304,
278,
12409,
310,
263,
2924,
310,
286,
1682,
309,
482,
29892,
607,
723,
1044,
7208,
1711,
763,
278,
4796,
310,
385,
19710,
29889,
13,
3112,
756,
1063,
11520,
714,
393,
278,
1024,
376,
29895,
2963,
29908,
338,
7436,
297,
10557,
1399,
8349,
2705,
304,
3196,
28588,
1810,
815,
681,
409,
5779,
916,
1135,
1906,
310,
278,
1023,
1197,
20850,
310,
1530,
29874,
1274,
9735,
532,
29892,
5998,
1438,
526,
278,
1556,
659,
6742,
297,
278,
7531,
2791,
1691,
29889,
739,
338,
16269,
393,
278,
11715,
18577,
15390,
310,
7709,
292,
409,
5779,
620,
1590,
1847,
278,
1565,
413,
2963,
526,
1530,
29874,
18733,
279,
12621,
3857,
29892,
6000,
453,
1696,
315,
29889,
22959,
28963,
29892,
341,
579,
1696,
315,
29889,
25745,
3021,
2904,
433,
29892,
341,
579,
1696,
315,
29889,
13793,
28963,
29892,
20354,
1696,
322,
6060,
28588,
1810,
423,
260,
2932,
3628,
29892,
17973,
29889,
1205,
278,
15717,
1348,
372,
7404,
1319,
3692,
1438,
409,
5779,
1712,
274,
3470,
29872,
457,
29892,
6467,
896,
723,
367,
408,
1568,
18365,
1156,
408,
278,
1565,
413,
2963,
29889,
13,
797,
1797,
304,
8161,
8950,
1711,
278,
15259,
310,
413,
2963,
409,
5779,
29892,
278,
15717,
1754,
263,
2919,
1353,
310,
15729,
29936,
278,
4902,
5445,
1784,
6515,
297,
278,
2441,
5650,
29889,
450,
15589,
409,
5779,
892,
937,
19623,
2501,
29892,
322,
278,
1889,
607,
7470,
304,
2367,
278,
1900,
2582,
471,
304,
27096,
278,
270,
1255,
4764,
672,
2551,
3598,
411,
521,
5095,
29877,
689,
322,
27231,
5391,
29889,
450,
521,
5095,
29877,
689,
639,
1054,
403,
471,
263,
13328,
728,
23904,
29936,
445,
471,
3415,
26191,
630,
304,
15589,
2264,
29892,
322,
278,
10995,
434,
14914,
411,
4094,
29892,
607,
13055,
263,
9950,
1017,
5960,
749,
411,
385,
2413,
272,
17386,
292,
393,
310,
274,
562,
6241,
541,
357,
322,
9186,
21672,
265,
28677,
491,
5777,
504,
293,
3104,
1161,
29889,
450,
13328,
23904,
2501,
26702,
1156,
977,
509,
362,
29892,
19754,
1573,
4047,
3459,
817,
793,
310,
274,
3470,
29872,
457,
29892,
541,
746
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.499334 | 0.641749 | 1.543186 | 0.572736 |
the solution was rapidly evaporated and the residue treated with water, ether or chloroform it no longer completely dissolved without using a considerable quantity and boiling, and upon such a solution cooling a small quantity of a compound crystallized out in microscopic prisms and octahedra which proved to be theobromine. The substances separated by chloroform from the dry nuts, were—caffeine, 2.348 per cent.; theobromine, 0.023 per cent.; tannin, 0.027 per cent.; fat, 0.583 per cent.
The kola powder was then dried and exhausted with alcohol. A mahogany colored extract was obtained which when treated with boiling water dissolved entirely, but the solution on cooling deposited a large quantity of coloring matter. The aqueous solution was precipitated with triplumbic-acetate, the precipitate decomposed with sulphuretted hydrogen, and a liquid obtained, free from bitterness, containing a considerable quantity of a tannin giving an intense green color with persalts of iron, and a soluble coloring matter that formed lakes in contact with metallic solutions; the residue of the aqueous solution, after removal of excess of lead, was found to contain only glucose and a small quantity of fixed salts. The coloring-matter deposited upon the cooling of the boiling water used in dissolving the alcoholic extract differed in its nature from the soluble coloring matter It appeared to be an oxidation product from the tannin and presented considerable analogy to cinchona red; in order to distinguish it, therefore, the authors have named it "kola red."
The composition of the alcoholic extract from the dry nuts (5.826 per cent.) was found to be—tannin, 1.591 per cent.; kola red, 1.290 per cent.; glucose, 2.875 per cent.; fixed salts 0.070 per cent.
The entire composition of the kola nut is compared by the authors with that of tea, coffee and cacao as follows:
Cacao (Mitcherlich) Coffee (Payen). Green Tea (Peligot). Black Tea (Peligot). Kola (Author's)
Fat 53.00 13.00 0.28 ... 0.585
Proteid Matters 13.00 13.00 3.00 2.80 6.761
Theobromine 1.50 ... ... ... 0.023
Caffeine ... 2.25 0.43 0.46 2.348
Essential Oil 0.04 0.003 0.79 0.60 undct.
Resin ... ... 2.22 3.64 ...
Sugar 0.5 15.50 ... ... 2.875
Starch ... 33.754
Gum ... ... 8.58 7.28 3.040
Cellulose ... 34.00 17.08 26.18 29.831
Coloring Matters ... ... 17.24 19.20 2.561
Coloring Matters 5.00 ... 2.22 1.84 1.290
Extractive ... ... 22.80 19.88 ...
Tannin ... ... 17.80 12.88 1.618
Ash 3.60 6.697 5.56 5.24 3.395
Water 6.00 12.00 ... ... 11.909
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
These results, it is pointed out, differ somewhat from those obtained by Attfield (Pharm. Journ., [2], vi, 457,) especially in the recognition of the presence of a second alkaloid and of tannin. The proportion of | [
278,
1650,
471,
19328,
3415,
26191,
630,
322,
278,
10995,
434,
14914,
411,
4094,
29892,
29871,
1979,
470,
521,
5095,
29877,
689,
372,
694,
5520,
6446,
23556,
1490,
1728,
773,
263,
15620,
14728,
322,
1045,
6504,
29892,
322,
2501,
1316,
263,
1650,
12528,
292,
263,
2319,
14728,
310,
263,
752,
618,
10901,
303,
497,
1891,
714,
297,
9200,
21785,
293,
544,
12903,
322,
4725,
801,
287,
336,
607,
11827,
304,
367,
278,
711,
456,
457,
29889,
450,
5960,
2925,
13055,
491,
521,
5095,
29877,
689,
515,
278,
15589,
302,
8842,
29892,
892,
30003,
1113,
17615,
457,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29889,
29941,
29946,
29947,
639,
1644,
8670,
278,
711,
456,
457,
29892,
29871,
29900,
29889,
29900,
29906,
29941,
639,
1644,
8670,
260,
812,
262,
29892,
29871,
29900,
29889,
29900,
29906,
29955,
639,
1644,
8670,
9950,
29892,
29871,
29900,
29889,
29945,
29947,
29941,
639,
1644,
29889,
13,
1576,
413,
2963,
4764,
672,
471,
769,
270,
1255,
322,
18782,
16656,
411,
27231,
5391,
29889,
319,
611,
29882,
468,
1384,
28684,
6597,
471,
7625,
607,
746,
14914,
411,
1045,
6504,
4094,
23556,
1490,
9186,
29892,
541,
278,
1650,
373,
12528,
292,
19754,
1573,
263,
2919,
14728,
310,
2927,
292,
4383,
29889,
450,
263,
802,
681,
1650,
471,
25720,
22731,
411,
3367,
572,
3774,
293,
29899,
562,
300,
403,
29892,
278,
25720,
10388,
17753,
4752,
411,
5394,
561,
545,
698,
287,
17546,
1885,
29892,
322,
263,
23904,
7625,
29892,
3889,
515,
2586,
725,
404,
29892,
6943,
263,
15620,
14728,
310,
263,
260,
812,
262,
6820,
385,
17818,
344,
7933,
2927,
411,
3736,
284,
1372,
310,
13977,
29892,
322,
263,
899,
431,
280,
2927,
292,
4383,
393,
8429,
425,
10794,
297,
6958,
411,
1539,
497,
293,
6851,
29936,
278,
10995,
434,
310,
278,
263,
802,
681,
1650,
29892,
1156,
28744,
310,
19163,
310,
3275,
29892,
471,
1476,
304,
1712,
871,
3144,
1682,
852,
322,
263,
2319,
14728,
310,
4343,
4497,
1372,
29889,
450,
2927,
292,
29899,
29885,
2620,
19754,
1573,
2501,
278,
12528,
292,
310,
278,
1045,
6504,
4094,
1304,
297,
23556,
1747,
278,
27231,
5391,
293,
6597,
1163,
287,
297,
967,
5469,
515,
278,
899,
431,
280,
2927,
292,
4383,
739,
7470,
304,
367,
385,
19100,
333,
362,
3234,
515,
278,
260,
812,
262,
322,
9132,
15620,
3483,
6933,
304,
4670,
305,
2681,
2654,
29936,
297,
1797,
304,
20820,
372,
29892,
5480,
29892,
278,
15717,
505,
4257,
372,
376,
29895,
2963,
2654,
1213,
13,
1576,
15259,
310,
278,
27231,
5391,
293,
6597,
515,
278,
15589,
302,
8842,
313,
29945,
29889,
29947,
29906,
29953,
639,
1644,
1846,
471,
1476,
304,
367,
30003,
29873,
812,
262,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29889,
29945,
29929,
29896,
639,
1644,
8670,
413,
2963,
2654,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29889,
29906,
29929,
29900,
639,
1644,
8670,
3144,
1682,
852,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29889,
29947,
29955,
29945,
639,
1644,
8670,
4343,
4497,
1372,
29871,
29900,
29889,
29900,
29955,
29900,
639,
1644,
29889,
13,
1576,
4152,
15259,
310,
278,
413,
2963,
18254,
338,
9401,
491,
278,
15717,
411,
393,
310,
23429,
29892,
26935,
322,
274,
562,
6241,
408,
4477,
29901,
13,
29907,
562,
6241,
313,
29924,
2335,
261,
1470,
29897,
315,
2696,
3905,
313,
15467,
264,
467,
7646,
1920,
29874,
313,
29925,
295,
335,
327,
467,
6054,
1920,
29874,
313,
29925,
295,
335,
327,
467,
476,
2963,
313,
13720,
29915,
29879,
29897,
13,
29943,
271,
29871,
29945,
29941,
29889,
29900,
29900,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29889,
29900,
29900,
29871,
29900,
29889,
29906,
29947,
2023,
29871,
29900,
29889,
29945,
29947,
29945,
13,
1184,
371,
333,
5345,
2153,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29889,
29900,
29900,
29871,
29896,
29941,
29889,
29900,
29900,
29871,
29941,
29889,
29900,
29900,
29871,
29906,
29889,
29947,
29900,
29871,
29953,
29889,
29955,
29953,
29896,
13,
1576,
711,
456,
457,
29871,
29896,
29889,
29945,
29900,
2023,
2023,
2023,
29871,
29900,
29889,
29900,
29906,
29941,
13,
29907,
3470,
29872,
457,
2023,
29871,
29906,
29889,
29906,
29945,
29871,
29900,
29889,
29946,
29941,
29871,
29900,
29889,
29946,
29953,
29871,
29906,
29889,
29941,
29946,
29947,
13,
29923,
893,
2556,
438,
309,
29871,
29900,
29889,
29900,
29946,
29871,
29900,
29889,
29900,
29900,
29941,
29871,
29900,
29889,
29955,
29929,
29871,
29900,
29889,
29953,
29900,
563,
312,
29889,
13,
1666,
262,
2023,
2023,
29871,
29906,
29889,
29906,
29906,
29871,
29941,
29889,
29953,
29946,
2023,
13,
29903,
688,
279,
29871,
29900,
29889,
29945,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29889,
29945,
29900,
2023,
2023,
29871,
29906,
29889,
29947,
29955,
29945,
13,
855,
1279,
2023,
29871,
29941,
29941,
29889,
29955,
29945,
29946,
13,
29954,
398,
2023,
2023,
29871,
29947,
29889,
29945,
29947,
29871,
29955,
29889,
29906,
29947,
29871,
29941,
29889,
29900,
29946,
29900,
13,
4617,
352,
852,
2023,
29871,
29941,
29946,
29889,
29900,
29900,
29871,
29896,
29955,
29889,
29900,
29947,
29871,
29906,
29953,
29889,
29896,
29947,
29871,
29906,
29929,
29889,
29947,
29941,
29896,
13,
3306,
292,
5345,
2153,
2023,
2023,
29871,
29896,
29955,
29889,
29906,
29946,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29889,
29906,
29900,
29871,
29906,
29889,
29945,
29953,
29896,
13,
3306,
292,
5345,
2153,
29871,
29945,
29889,
29900,
29900,
2023,
29871,
29906,
29889,
29906,
29906,
29871,
29896,
29889,
29947,
29946,
29871,
29896,
29889,
29906,
29929,
29900,
13,
5647,
1461,
573,
2023,
2023,
29871,
29906,
29906,
29889,
29947,
29900,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29889,
29947,
29947,
2023,
13,
29911,
812,
262,
2023,
2023,
29871,
29896,
29955,
29889,
29947,
29900,
29871,
29896,
29906,
29889,
29947,
29947,
29871,
29896,
29889,
29953,
29896,
29947,
13,
29909,
845,
29871,
29941,
29889,
29953,
29900,
29871,
29953,
29889,
29953,
29929,
29955,
29871,
29945,
29889,
29945,
29953,
29871,
29945,
29889,
29906,
29946,
29871,
29941,
29889,
29941,
29929,
29945,
13,
29956,
1008,
29871,
29953,
29889,
29900,
29900,
29871,
29896,
29906,
29889,
29900,
29900,
2023,
2023,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29889,
29929,
29900,
29929,
13,
29896,
29900,
29900,
29889,
29900,
29900,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
29889,
29900,
29900,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
29889,
29900,
29900,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
29889,
29900,
29900,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
29889,
29900,
29900,
13,
1349,
968,
2582,
29892,
372,
338,
11520,
714,
29892,
1163,
10579,
515,
1906,
7625,
491,
6212,
2671,
313,
4819,
2817,
29889,
435,
2905,
1696,
518,
29906,
1402,
3516,
29892,
29871,
29946,
29945,
29955,
29892,
29897,
7148,
297,
278,
19679,
310,
278,
10122,
310,
263,
1473,
394,
11311,
3398,
322,
310,
260,
812,
262,
29889,
450,
18618,
310
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -0.693456 | 0.09084 | 0.543464 | -0.4847 |
caffeine is higher than that observed in any coffee, or, except in rare instances, in tea, and exceeds that of theobromine in cacao. The alkaloid exists in kola, as in tea, uncombined, but in coffee, according to Payen, it is present as chlorogenate of potassium and caffeine. It is worth mentioning that the authors report the presence of a considerable proportion of caffeine and some theobromine in the pericarp, but the material at their disposal was too scanty for an exhaustive investigation in this direction. The leaves, wood and bark were also examined for alkaloid, but gave negative results. As in the case of coffee, kola undergoes a considerable loss of caffeine (three-fourths) during roasting, while the quantity of essential oil present is augmented.
Some experiments have been made with this kind of kola in the treatment of the atonic diarrhoea to which Europeans are frequently liable in tropical countries. The results have been fairly satisfactory, and through the efforts of M. Heckel the medicine has been supplied to some French colonial stations for a systematic trial. The preparations used are an aqueous extract, an alcoholic extract and a wine. The alcoholic extract is made by exhausting fresh kola with 5 parts of 60° alcohol and the wine by macerating the same proportions of kola in a sweet white wine during a fortnight. Neither of these preparations, however, completely exhaust the kola, at least as far as the caffeine is concerned. The preparation of an aqueous extract presents considerable difficulty in consequence of the quantity of starch, which forms an unmanageable magma.
Concerning the "male kola" or "kola bitter," as before stated, nothing definite was known, and as recently as the year 1882, it was referred erroneously to a species of Sterculia. In the "Flora of Tropical Africa," Oliver says: "The kola bitter of Fernando-Po is the product of trees belonging to the Guttiferae. The authors were led by this remark to attempt to obtain from various parts of the eastern coast specimens of the plant yielding "kola bitter," and although the flowers did not reach them they received specimens of the branches, leaves and fruits, together with a sufficient quantity of seeds to allow of a complete analysis being made. All the specimens received from various places corresponded in their characters, and showed that the kola bitter is the produce of a single Guttiferous species and not of several. From the material at their disposal the authors refer it to a new species, Garcinia Kola, Heckel. (The plant yielding "bitter kola" was identified as a species of Garcinia by Dr. Maxwell T. Masters eight years ago, and was partly described and the fruit figured by him in the Journal of Botany for March, 1875.—Editor Phar. Jour., February 2, p. 610.) The plant is described as a tree of variable aspect, 10 to 20 feet in height, bearing towards the base of the branches large opposite leaves (12 in. long by 7 in. broad,) with short petioles, whilst at the extremity of the branches the leaves are much smaller (5 in. by 2 in.) The leaves are oval, slightly dilated at the base, mucronate at the apex, without stipules, full green on the upper surface and greyish underneath. The fruit is a berry the size of an apple, with a rugose epiderm covered entirely with rough hairs. It presents three or four divisions, each containing a large oval cuneiform seed, rounded on the external and angular on the internal face; the seeds are covered with an abundant sourish yellowish pulp, constituting a true arillus. The fruit has at the base the persistent calyx still adherent to the peduncle, and sometimes the persistent corolla, and at the apex the persistent stigma. The plant is reported to occur all along the eastern coast of Africa and of Senegal, intermixed with the Sterculia acuminata, flourishing under the same conditions, but less widely distributed. In its known characters the plant would appear to be closely allied with Garcinia Morella, which, however, is essentially an Asiatic species. The seeds present one convex and two plane surfaces, the former being towards the circumference of the fruit | [
274,
3470,
29872,
457,
338,
6133,
1135,
393,
8900,
297,
738,
26935,
29892,
470,
29892,
5174,
297,
10812,
8871,
29892,
297,
23429,
29892,
322,
13461,
29879,
393,
310,
278,
711,
456,
457,
297,
274,
562,
6241,
29889,
450,
394,
11311,
3398,
4864,
297,
413,
2963,
29892,
408,
297,
23429,
29892,
443,
17743,
1312,
29892,
541,
297,
26935,
29892,
5034,
304,
14617,
264,
29892,
372,
338,
2198,
408,
521,
5095,
6352,
403,
310,
3104,
465,
1974,
322,
274,
3470,
29872,
457,
29889,
739,
338,
7088,
3585,
292,
393,
278,
15717,
3461,
278,
10122,
310,
263,
15620,
18618,
310,
274,
3470,
29872,
457,
322,
777,
278,
711,
456,
457,
297,
278,
639,
293,
6834,
29892,
541,
278,
5518,
472,
1009,
11549,
284,
471,
2086,
885,
424,
29891,
363,
385,
27096,
573,
22522,
297,
445,
5305,
29889,
450,
11308,
29892,
8112,
322,
289,
935,
892,
884,
4392,
1312,
363,
394,
11311,
3398,
29892,
541,
4846,
8178,
2582,
29889,
1094,
297,
278,
1206,
310,
26935,
29892,
413,
2963,
1090,
1484,
267,
263,
15620,
6410,
310,
274,
3470,
29872,
457,
313,
17536,
29899,
17823,
386,
29879,
29897,
2645,
696,
579,
292,
29892,
1550,
278,
14728,
310,
18853,
17182,
2198,
338,
18765,
287,
29889,
13,
9526,
15729,
505,
1063,
1754,
411,
445,
2924,
310,
413,
2963,
297,
278,
14502,
310,
278,
472,
8927,
652,
2749,
1251,
11248,
304,
607,
4092,
550,
526,
13672,
619,
519,
297,
21881,
10916,
29889,
450,
2582,
505,
1063,
12558,
5119,
3832,
29892,
322,
1549,
278,
14231,
310,
341,
29889,
940,
384,
295,
278,
26602,
756,
1063,
19056,
304,
777,
5176,
25539,
16355,
363,
263,
1788,
2454,
14260,
29889,
450,
10223,
800,
1304,
526,
385,
263,
802,
681,
6597,
29892,
385,
27231,
5391,
293,
6597,
322,
263,
19006,
29889,
450,
27231,
5391,
293,
6597,
338,
1754,
491,
27096,
292,
10849,
413,
2963,
411,
29871,
29945,
5633,
310,
29871,
29953,
29900,
30073,
27231,
5391,
322,
278,
19006,
491,
5825,
261,
1218,
278,
1021,
12098,
1080,
310,
413,
2963,
297,
263,
14225,
4796,
19006,
2645,
263,
5162,
11147,
29889,
2448,
2121,
310,
1438,
10223,
800,
29892,
3138,
29892,
6446,
27096,
278,
413,
2963,
29892,
472,
3203,
408,
2215,
408,
278,
274,
3470,
29872,
457,
338,
15041,
29889,
450,
10223,
362,
310,
385,
263,
802,
681,
6597,
22981,
15620,
14656,
297,
17004,
310,
278,
14728,
310,
380,
1279,
29892,
607,
7190,
385,
443,
1171,
482,
519,
2320,
655,
29889,
13,
1168,
29883,
824,
292,
278,
376,
19202,
413,
2963,
29908,
470,
376,
29895,
2963,
22773,
1699,
408,
1434,
8703,
29892,
3078,
24860,
471,
2998,
29892,
322,
408,
10325,
408,
278,
1629,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29947,
29906,
29892,
372,
471,
12992,
4589,
650,
5794,
304,
263,
6606,
310,
28588,
1810,
423,
29889,
512,
278,
376,
8754,
2207,
310,
21601,
936,
10557,
1699,
19731,
4083,
29901,
376,
1576,
413,
2963,
22773,
310,
17993,
29899,
9837,
338,
278,
3234,
310,
10697,
23329,
304,
278,
402,
4774,
361,
1572,
29872,
29889,
450,
15717,
892,
5331,
491,
445,
8509,
304,
4218,
304,
4017,
515,
5164,
5633,
310,
278,
18632,
12180,
1580,
326,
575,
310,
278,
8024,
7709,
292,
376,
29895,
2963,
22773,
1699,
322,
5998,
278,
18281,
1258,
451,
6159,
963,
896,
4520,
1580,
326,
575,
310,
278,
14202,
29892,
11308,
322,
285,
21211,
29892,
4208,
411,
263,
8002,
14728,
310,
409,
5779,
304,
2758,
310,
263,
4866,
7418,
1641,
1754,
29889,
2178,
278,
1580,
326,
575,
4520,
515,
5164,
7600,
3928,
287,
297,
1009,
4890,
29892,
322,
10018,
393,
278,
413,
2963,
22773,
338,
278,
7738,
310,
263,
2323,
402,
4774,
9633,
681,
6606,
322,
451,
310,
3196,
29889,
3645,
278,
5518,
472,
1009,
11549,
284,
278,
15717,
2737,
372,
304,
263,
716,
6606,
29892,
19734,
262,
423,
476,
2963,
29892,
940,
384,
295,
29889,
313,
1576,
8024,
7709,
292,
376,
2966,
357,
413,
2963,
29908,
471,
15659,
408,
263,
6606,
310,
19734,
262,
423,
491,
4942,
29889,
5918,
5872,
323,
29889,
27863,
9475,
2440,
8020,
29892,
322,
471,
22669,
5439,
322,
278,
15774,
14788,
491,
1075,
297,
278,
8237,
310,
11273,
1384,
363,
4779,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29955,
29945,
22416,
15280,
1963,
279,
29889,
435,
473,
1696,
6339,
29871,
29906,
29892,
282,
29889,
29871,
29953,
29896,
29900,
1846,
450,
8024,
338,
5439,
408,
263,
5447,
310,
2286,
9565,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29900,
304,
29871,
29906,
29900,
6900,
297,
3171,
29892,
24638,
7113,
278,
2967,
310,
278,
14202,
2919,
11564,
11308,
313,
29896,
29906,
297,
29889,
1472,
491,
29871,
29955,
297,
29889,
7300,
29892,
29897,
411,
3273,
5697,
29875,
6544,
29892,
21109,
472,
278,
9413,
537,
310,
278,
14202,
278,
11308,
526,
1568,
7968,
313,
29945,
297,
29889,
491,
29871,
29906,
297,
1846,
450,
11308,
526,
288,
791,
29892,
10029,
21749,
630,
472,
278,
2967,
29892,
286,
1682,
1617,
403,
472,
278,
263,
412,
29916,
29892,
1728,
380,
666,
2540,
29892,
2989,
7933,
373,
278,
7568,
7101,
322,
18345,
728,
1090,
484,
493,
29889,
450,
15774,
338,
263,
7655,
719,
278,
2159,
310,
385,
26163,
29892,
411,
263,
29833,
852,
321,
5935,
837,
10664,
9186,
411,
12164,
11315,
29879,
29889,
739,
22981,
2211,
470,
3023,
25884,
29892,
1269,
6943,
263,
2919,
288,
791,
274,
1540,
5560,
16717,
29892,
28240,
373,
278,
7029,
322,
6401,
373,
278,
7463,
3700,
29936,
278,
409,
5779,
526,
10664,
411,
385,
18666,
424,
269,
473,
728,
13328,
728,
9505,
29886,
29892,
1040,
12937,
292,
263,
1565,
564,
453,
375,
29889,
450,
15774,
756,
472,
278,
2967,
278,
28152,
1208,
29891,
29916,
1603,
594,
2276,
296,
304,
278,
8939,
348,
2841,
29892,
322,
6041,
278,
28152,
1034,
324,
433,
29892,
322,
472,
278,
263,
412,
29916,
278,
28152,
380,
2934,
29889,
450,
8024,
338,
8967,
304,
6403,
599,
3412,
278,
18632,
12180,
310,
10557,
322,
310,
5811,
387,
284,
29892,
1006,
29885,
11925,
411,
278,
28588,
1810,
423,
1274,
9735,
532,
29892,
1652,
473,
14424,
1090,
278,
1021,
5855,
29892,
541,
3109,
17644,
13235,
29889,
512,
967,
2998,
4890,
278,
8024,
723,
2615,
304,
367,
16467,
394,
2957,
411,
19734,
262,
423,
3879,
3547,
29892,
607,
29892,
3138,
29892,
338,
13674,
385,
319,
1039,
2454,
6606,
29889,
450,
409,
5779,
2198,
697,
18635,
322,
1023,
10694,
28001,
29892,
278,
4642,
1641,
7113,
278,
9942,
1659,
310,
278,
15774
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 0.531939 | 0.976578 | 1.661539 | 0.43613 |
Hi , please sugest me the exact route from Hyderabad to shirdi which is best.
Either you can take the Route.-1 or Route-2 or Route-3. My experience says Route-2 is best though it is little longer around (50 to 60 km more than Route-1 and around 30 to 40 km more than Route-3). I had done both the stretches during my trip to Shirdi in Aug-2018. Kindly go through my detail report in this thread on both the stretches. Another of our India-drive member (Drsanthoshm) also visited to Shirdi using Route-2. The BHOOM stretch is below average (though not sure if any repair work has been done in last 2 month).
The ROUTE-3 is the evergreen route since many days but the horrible stretch between OMERGA to SOLAPUR, Average route from Tembhurni to Ahmednagar have reduced the popularity of this route. The stretch from Tembhurni to Ahmednagar has always heavy traffic (trucks,tractors loaded with SUGARCANEs).
So if you don't mind to drive some extra km and want to have stressfree drive , Kindly follow ROUTE-2.
Have been to shurdi and returned.
NH 65 is almost done till naldurg town, though not 4 lane but atleast 2 lanes are operational.
Bhoom till ahmednagar is horrible road, i suggest travellers to not take this road.
In retyrn journey from shirdi i took vambori, parthardi, beed naldurg route. It was very road especially fron parthardi it is a wonderful toll road, but toll is not yet implemented and it will be implemented soon.
Even on nh52 tou dont have any toll plazas till yedashi, so you will not pay any additional tolls by taking this route but you will save 1 hour time and also will find the journey less tiresome.
Have been to shirdi and returned.
Bhoom to ahmednagar Stretch: Horrible, avoid this road. I took this road while going to shirdi but in return journey came through vambori - miri - pathardi - beed - tuljapur.
Though this route through vambori and beed is around 45 kms lengthy, it it less tiresome and around 30 minutes to 1 hour quicker comapred to bhoom route.
Thanks a lot for the update Rana. This information is very helpful. Do share some pictures of the road conditions if you can.. Cheers!
Dear friends... I am back to this thread after a year as it's again a time for my annual pilgrimage to Shirdi. Last time you guys were awesome in guiding me through my HYD-SHIRDI-MAHABALESHWAR-HYD trip. I enjoyed that 1700 km journey.
This time the plan is for HYD-SHIRDI-HYD only. Though I have upgraded my car from Santro to Tata Tigor around two months ago, I actually booked train ticket to and from Shirdi to save leaves. Start on Friday evening and return on Monday morning just me my wife and 4.5yr old son.
The driver inside me is pushing for road trip and says cancel train tickets. I am in love with my new car and clocked first 2k km in first 20 days. One trip to Chirala Beach and another to Basara and a few 100 - 200km trips near Hyd.
Now my questions: - I know most of you will strike down my thought, however I expect to get some direction to make final decision by asking this question. How it would be if I start around 8-9pm on Friday night and reach upto Beed by sunrise and then cover rest until Shirdi in daylight? For return journey, start from Shirdi on Sunday afternoon and cross Beed before sunset and cover rest with headlight on. I am thinking that driving on 4 lane road in night is as good as driving in day. The only worry is any unfortunate breakdown of car post NH 65 will call for big trouble. Can @Ranger @sagar @BORNDRIVER @drsantoshms help me out from my dilemma. Thanks Guys!
I am thinking that driving on | [
6324,
1919,
3113,
480,
7118,
592,
278,
2684,
5782,
515,
9665,
672,
20143,
304,
528,
1823,
29875,
607,
338,
1900,
29889,
13,
29923,
2121,
366,
508,
2125,
278,
12034,
9229,
29896,
470,
12034,
29899,
29906,
470,
12034,
29899,
29941,
29889,
1619,
7271,
4083,
12034,
29899,
29906,
338,
1900,
2466,
372,
338,
2217,
5520,
2820,
313,
29945,
29900,
304,
29871,
29953,
29900,
2383,
901,
1135,
12034,
29899,
29896,
322,
2820,
29871,
29941,
29900,
304,
29871,
29946,
29900,
2383,
901,
1135,
12034,
29899,
29941,
467,
306,
750,
2309,
1716,
278,
380,
2267,
6609,
2645,
590,
17487,
304,
1383,
1823,
29875,
297,
22333,
29899,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29947,
29889,
13187,
368,
748,
1549,
590,
9493,
3461,
297,
445,
3244,
373,
1716,
278,
380,
2267,
6609,
29889,
7280,
310,
1749,
7513,
29899,
21594,
4509,
313,
29928,
2288,
9716,
359,
7184,
29897,
884,
16669,
304,
1383,
1823,
29875,
773,
12034,
29899,
29906,
29889,
450,
350,
8187,
6488,
16116,
338,
2400,
6588,
313,
3592,
451,
1854,
565,
738,
26032,
664,
756,
1063,
2309,
297,
1833,
29871,
29906,
4098,
467,
13,
1576,
390,
12015,
29923,
29899,
29941,
338,
278,
3926,
12692,
5782,
1951,
1784,
3841,
541,
278,
4029,
11710,
16116,
1546,
438,
29924,
1001,
12739,
304,
317,
5607,
3301,
4574,
29892,
319,
19698,
5782,
515,
323,
1590,
29882,
595,
29875,
304,
9070,
2168,
29876,
28641,
505,
12212,
278,
5972,
537,
310,
445,
5782,
29889,
450,
16116,
515,
323,
1590,
29882,
595,
29875,
304,
9070,
2168,
29876,
28641,
756,
2337,
9416,
12469,
313,
509,
2707,
29879,
29892,
29873,
1461,
943,
7500,
411,
20134,
29954,
1718,
29907,
2190,
14190,
467,
13,
6295,
565,
366,
1016,
29915,
29873,
3458,
304,
7899,
777,
4805,
2383,
322,
864,
304,
505,
22884,
9021,
7899,
1919,
13187,
368,
1101,
390,
12015,
29923,
29899,
29906,
29889,
13,
25559,
1063,
304,
528,
332,
6051,
322,
4133,
29889,
13,
29940,
29950,
29871,
29953,
29945,
338,
4359,
2309,
3428,
302,
2741,
2007,
4726,
29892,
2466,
451,
29871,
29946,
301,
1662,
541,
472,
280,
579,
29871,
29906,
10906,
267,
526,
1751,
1288,
29889,
13,
29933,
1251,
290,
3428,
21023,
2168,
29876,
28641,
338,
4029,
11710,
6520,
29892,
474,
4368,
6427,
28257,
304,
451,
2125,
445,
6520,
29889,
13,
797,
337,
1017,
27539,
16342,
515,
528,
1823,
29875,
474,
3614,
325,
1117,
4170,
29892,
610,
386,
18015,
29892,
367,
287,
302,
2741,
2007,
5782,
29889,
739,
471,
1407,
6520,
7148,
1424,
265,
610,
386,
18015,
372,
338,
263,
20695,
304,
645,
6520,
29892,
541,
304,
645,
338,
451,
3447,
8762,
322,
372,
674,
367,
8762,
4720,
29889,
13,
29923,
854,
373,
302,
29882,
29945,
29906,
11943,
4555,
505,
738,
304,
645,
2174,
16095,
3428,
343,
287,
18321,
29892,
577,
366,
674,
451,
5146,
738,
5684,
304,
645,
29879,
491,
5622,
445,
5782,
541,
366,
674,
4078,
29871,
29896,
7234,
931,
322,
884,
674,
1284,
278,
16342,
3109,
260,
2658,
608,
29889,
13,
25559,
1063,
304,
528,
1823,
29875,
322,
4133,
29889,
13,
29933,
1251,
290,
304,
21023,
2168,
29876,
28641,
624,
10301,
29901,
6912,
11710,
29892,
4772,
445,
6520,
29889,
306,
3614,
445,
6520,
1550,
2675,
304,
528,
1823,
29875,
541,
297,
736,
16342,
2996,
1549,
325,
1117,
4170,
448,
3737,
374,
448,
2224,
18015,
448,
367,
287,
448,
260,
352,
29926,
481,
332,
29889,
13,
1349,
820,
445,
5782,
1549,
325,
1117,
4170,
322,
367,
287,
338,
2820,
29871,
29946,
29945,
413,
1516,
3309,
29891,
29892,
372,
372,
3109,
260,
2658,
608,
322,
2820,
29871,
29941,
29900,
6233,
304,
29871,
29896,
7234,
4996,
261,
419,
481,
1127,
304,
289,
1251,
290,
5782,
29889,
13,
16894,
263,
3287,
363,
278,
2767,
390,
1648,
29889,
910,
2472,
338,
1407,
8444,
29889,
1938,
6232,
777,
14956,
310,
278,
6520,
5855,
565,
366,
508,
636,
29534,
29991,
13,
29928,
799,
7875,
856,
306,
626,
1250,
304,
445,
3244,
1156,
263,
1629,
408,
372,
29915,
29879,
1449,
263,
931,
363,
590,
17568,
8230,
629,
3027,
304,
1383,
1823,
29875,
29889,
9208,
931,
366,
18239,
892,
29663,
297,
1410,
4821,
592,
1549,
590,
379,
29979,
29928,
29899,
7068,
8193,
4571,
29899,
1529,
29950,
2882,
29909,
1307,
7068,
29956,
1718,
29899,
29950,
29979,
29928,
17487,
29889,
306,
27849,
393,
29871,
29896,
29955,
29900,
29900,
2383,
16342,
29889,
13,
4013,
931,
278,
3814,
338,
363,
379,
29979,
29928,
29899,
7068,
8193,
4571,
29899,
29950,
29979,
29928,
871,
29889,
14832,
306,
505,
20337,
287,
590,
1559,
515,
4169,
307,
304,
323,
532,
24834,
272,
2820,
1023,
7378,
8020,
29892,
306,
2869,
3143,
287,
7945,
23381,
304,
322,
515,
1383,
1823,
29875,
304,
4078,
11308,
29889,
7370,
373,
28728,
11005,
322,
736,
373,
27822,
7250,
925,
592,
590,
6532,
322,
29871,
29946,
29889,
29945,
4316,
2030,
1487,
29889,
13,
1576,
7156,
2768,
592,
338,
27556,
363,
6520,
17487,
322,
4083,
12611,
7945,
16892,
1691,
29889,
306,
626,
297,
5360,
411,
590,
716,
1559,
322,
12006,
287,
937,
29871,
29906,
29895,
2383,
297,
937,
29871,
29906,
29900,
3841,
29889,
3118,
17487,
304,
678,
381,
2883,
17594,
322,
1790,
304,
4886,
2518,
322,
263,
2846,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
448,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
8848,
3367,
567,
2978,
379,
2941,
29889,
13,
10454,
590,
5155,
29901,
448,
306,
1073,
1556,
310,
366,
674,
21283,
1623,
590,
2714,
29892,
3138,
306,
2149,
304,
679,
777,
5305,
304,
1207,
2186,
10608,
491,
6721,
445,
1139,
29889,
1128,
372,
723,
367,
565,
306,
1369,
2820,
29871,
29947,
29899,
29929,
3358,
373,
28728,
4646,
322,
6159,
318,
24070,
1522,
287,
491,
6575,
29878,
895,
322,
769,
4612,
1791,
2745,
1383,
1823,
29875,
297,
2462,
4366,
29973,
1152,
736,
16342,
29892,
1369,
515,
1383,
1823,
29875,
373,
16340,
17724,
322,
4891,
1522,
287,
1434,
6575,
842,
322,
4612,
1791,
411,
2343,
4366,
373,
29889,
306,
626,
7291,
393,
19500,
373,
29871,
29946,
301,
1662,
6520,
297,
4646,
338,
408,
1781,
408,
19500,
297,
2462,
29889,
450,
871,
15982,
338,
738,
443,
6477,
403,
2867,
3204,
310,
1559,
1400,
405,
29950,
29871,
29953,
29945,
674,
1246,
363,
4802,
7458,
29889,
1815,
732,
29934,
4600,
732,
29879,
28641,
732,
29933,
1955,
2797,
3960,
5348,
732,
29881,
2288,
424,
10578,
1516,
1371,
592,
714,
515,
590,
270,
488,
29885,
655,
29889,
1834,
2088,
952,
29991,
13,
29902,
626,
7291,
393,
19500,
373,
29871
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.876857 | -1.230954 | -0.940428 | -0.782579 |
4 lane road in night is as good as driving in day. The only worry is any unfortunate breakdown of car post NH 65 will call for big trouble. Can @Ranger @sagar @BORNDRIVER @drsantoshms help me out from my dilemma. Thanks Guys!
Hi @S Kumar, Good to hear back from you after so long. As discussed above, no doubt about the route to be taken. But, I would recommend you to take any calculated risk by driving down this road during the late night hours as you are driving down with the family. I would rather recommend you to start by 4 am early in the morning and you would reach by noon. and for your drive back make sure you start by 12 or 1 PM on sunday after your lunch.
Starting early morning makes sense.
It is not a National Highway through out the drive.
You need to pass through many villages/state highways.
Stick to this route and start early in the morning.
If you are planning to drive in the nigh, plan this section carefully (Naldurg to Ahmednagar).
Agree with both of you @sagar @Ranger if I change from train to road then i'll take one day leave and plan as suggested by both of you.
Add me to whatsapp group, submitted my number in the link.
I am very much interested in long drives. Recently I have done 4 day tour from Hyderabad-Raidurg-Hampi-Mangalore-Ooty-Mysore-Bangalore-Hyderabad for a stretch of 2700kms as a solo driver of my friends group. Yesterday all of sudden decided to visit shiridi along with my family by car on 15/03/2019 friday. I started searching for the best route and very impressed by the review given by @BORNDRIVER @Guestrana .
I want to know whether it is safe to commence the journey starting from Hyderabad at 04 PM and to complete the journey at a stretch to Shiridi at any time in night i.e., 2AM to 4AM next day. Kindly give your suggestions as you have experienced these routes before and also as i am going with my family i have to make sure about the safety if it is with my buddies this issue will not have any impact. Kindly give some suggetions.
Hi @KalyanVarma, Welcome on board. I personally wouldn't recommend you to do this track during the night hours as it is risky due to disturbed road conditions in between and also too many trucks. One break down would or even a puncture in the night on this road would land you in trouble as you mentioned that you would be travelling with your family. So, I would say it is not worth the risk.
Instead, I would recommend you to start on a Saturday morning around 4 AM and you would reach by late noon so that you can go for you evening darshan and also for Sunday morning darshan. You can start back after an early lunch and reach Hyderabad safely without any risk.
Wish you a safe trip.
Thanks @sagar for your reply and thanks for the Welcome wishes. As you recommended we have changed our plans accordingly but starting on Friday Morning. Will upload the pics of the condition of the roads and places and will share my itenerary with our community for any future travellers.
Will upload the pics of the condition of the roads and places and will share my itenerary with our community for any future travellers.
That's a great gesture from your end as it could help a lot of travellers. Your very recent update on the road conditions would be much more helpful. Thanks much.
It would be great if you can share your recent travel story accompanied by pictures and trip details with everyone.
I ll update both journeys Shirdi and Ooty pics and itenerary after returning to Hyderabad. Great to see the enthusiasm around here for travelling.
After remaining too busy from last 5 months in taking a new flat and its interior works......It is now time again to kick start my driving passion. The last trip was Shirdi in Aug 2018 and again this tme travelling to Shirdi tomorrow early morning (17th March). This time I will follow Hyderabad - Zaheerabad - Humanabad - Omerga - Naldurg - Tuljapur - Osmanabad - Beed - Pathardi -Miri-Vambhori-Ahemednagar- | [
29946,
301,
1662,
6520,
297,
4646,
338,
408,
1781,
408,
19500,
297,
2462,
29889,
450,
871,
15982,
338,
738,
443,
6477,
403,
2867,
3204,
310,
1559,
1400,
405,
29950,
29871,
29953,
29945,
674,
1246,
363,
4802,
7458,
29889,
1815,
732,
29934,
4600,
732,
29879,
28641,
732,
29933,
1955,
2797,
3960,
5348,
732,
29881,
2288,
424,
10578,
1516,
1371,
592,
714,
515,
590,
270,
488,
29885,
655,
29889,
1834,
2088,
952,
29991,
13,
18567,
732,
29903,
476,
24540,
29892,
7197,
304,
8293,
1250,
515,
366,
1156,
577,
1472,
29889,
1094,
15648,
2038,
29892,
694,
7404,
1048,
278,
5782,
304,
367,
4586,
29889,
1205,
29892,
306,
723,
6907,
366,
304,
2125,
738,
12833,
12045,
491,
19500,
1623,
445,
6520,
2645,
278,
5683,
4646,
6199,
408,
366,
526,
19500,
1623,
411,
278,
3942,
29889,
306,
723,
3265,
6907,
366,
304,
1369,
491,
29871,
29946,
626,
4688,
297,
278,
7250,
322,
366,
723,
6159,
491,
694,
265,
29889,
322,
363,
596,
7899,
1250,
1207,
1854,
366,
1369,
491,
29871,
29896,
29906,
470,
29871,
29896,
11278,
373,
480,
299,
388,
1156,
596,
301,
3322,
29889,
13,
4763,
292,
4688,
7250,
3732,
4060,
29889,
13,
3112,
338,
451,
263,
3086,
22080,
1549,
714,
278,
7899,
29889,
13,
3492,
817,
304,
1209,
1549,
1784,
18481,
29914,
3859,
1880,
1994,
29889,
13,
855,
860,
304,
445,
5782,
322,
1369,
4688,
297,
278,
7250,
29889,
13,
3644,
366,
526,
18987,
304,
7899,
297,
278,
302,
1141,
29892,
3814,
445,
4004,
16112,
313,
29940,
2741,
2007,
304,
9070,
2168,
29876,
28641,
467,
13,
14769,
929,
411,
1716,
310,
366,
732,
29879,
28641,
732,
29934,
4600,
565,
306,
1735,
515,
7945,
304,
6520,
769,
474,
29915,
645,
2125,
697,
2462,
5967,
322,
3814,
408,
7829,
491,
1716,
310,
366,
29889,
13,
2528,
592,
304,
825,
29879,
932,
2318,
29892,
18397,
590,
1353,
297,
278,
1544,
29889,
13,
29902,
626,
1407,
1568,
8852,
297,
1472,
25100,
29889,
3599,
2705,
306,
505,
2309,
29871,
29946,
2462,
6282,
515,
9665,
672,
20143,
29899,
29934,
29874,
333,
2007,
29899,
29950,
1160,
29875,
29899,
29924,
574,
284,
487,
29899,
29949,
18820,
29899,
29924,
952,
487,
29899,
29933,
574,
284,
487,
29899,
26322,
672,
20143,
363,
263,
16116,
310,
29871,
29906,
29955,
29900,
29900,
29895,
1516,
408,
263,
6651,
7156,
310,
590,
7875,
2318,
29889,
612,
18358,
599,
310,
8327,
8459,
304,
6493,
528,
381,
8819,
3412,
411,
590,
3942,
491,
1559,
373,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29914,
29900,
29941,
29914,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29929,
1424,
22394,
29889,
306,
4687,
11975,
363,
278,
1900,
5782,
322,
1407,
527,
13120,
491,
278,
9076,
2183,
491,
732,
29933,
1955,
2797,
3960,
5348,
732,
9485,
342,
661,
29874,
869,
13,
29902,
864,
304,
1073,
3692,
372,
338,
9109,
304,
24108,
278,
16342,
6257,
515,
9665,
672,
20143,
472,
29871,
29900,
29946,
11278,
322,
304,
4866,
278,
16342,
472,
263,
16116,
304,
1383,
381,
8819,
472,
738,
931,
297,
4646,
474,
29889,
29872,
1696,
29871,
29906,
5194,
304,
29871,
29946,
5194,
2446,
2462,
29889,
13187,
368,
2367,
596,
10529,
408,
366,
505,
18860,
1438,
12049,
1434,
322,
884,
408,
474,
626,
2675,
411,
590,
3942,
474,
505,
304,
1207,
1854,
1048,
278,
15332,
565,
372,
338,
411,
590,
8619,
29881,
583,
445,
2228,
674,
451,
505,
738,
10879,
29889,
13187,
368,
2367,
777,
29746,
657,
1080,
29889,
13,
18567,
732,
29968,
284,
10094,
9037,
655,
29892,
21829,
373,
7613,
29889,
306,
22345,
7656,
29915,
29873,
6907,
366,
304,
437,
445,
5702,
2645,
278,
4646,
6199,
408,
372,
338,
5161,
3459,
2861,
304,
1320,
28179,
6520,
5855,
297,
1546,
322,
884,
2086,
1784,
534,
2707,
29879,
29889,
3118,
2867,
1623,
723,
470,
1584,
263,
6035,
312,
545,
297,
278,
4646,
373,
445,
6520,
723,
2982,
366,
297,
7458,
408,
366,
5276,
393,
366,
723,
367,
6427,
7807,
411,
596,
3942,
29889,
1105,
29892,
306,
723,
1827,
372,
338,
451,
7088,
278,
12045,
29889,
13,
3379,
1479,
29892,
306,
723,
6907,
366,
304,
1369,
373,
263,
24211,
7250,
2820,
29871,
29946,
13862,
322,
366,
723,
6159,
491,
5683,
694,
265,
577,
393,
366,
508,
748,
363,
366,
11005,
5424,
845,
273,
322,
884,
363,
16340,
7250,
5424,
845,
273,
29889,
887,
508,
1369,
1250,
1156,
385,
4688,
301,
3322,
322,
6159,
9665,
672,
20143,
23511,
1728,
738,
12045,
29889,
13,
29956,
728,
366,
263,
9109,
17487,
29889,
13,
16894,
732,
29879,
28641,
363,
596,
8908,
322,
3969,
363,
278,
21829,
28688,
29889,
1094,
366,
13622,
591,
505,
3939,
1749,
13900,
16205,
541,
6257,
373,
28728,
3879,
1076,
29889,
2811,
6441,
278,
282,
1199,
310,
278,
4195,
310,
278,
25320,
322,
7600,
322,
674,
6232,
590,
372,
759,
653,
411,
1749,
7881,
363,
738,
5434,
6427,
28257,
29889,
13,
12984,
6441,
278,
282,
1199,
310,
278,
4195,
310,
278,
25320,
322,
7600,
322,
674,
6232,
590,
372,
759,
653,
411,
1749,
7881,
363,
738,
5434,
6427,
28257,
29889,
13,
7058,
29915,
29879,
263,
2107,
29502,
515,
596,
1095,
408,
372,
1033,
1371,
263,
3287,
310,
6427,
28257,
29889,
3575,
1407,
7786,
2767,
373,
278,
6520,
5855,
723,
367,
1568,
901,
8444,
29889,
1834,
1568,
29889,
13,
3112,
723,
367,
2107,
565,
366,
508,
6232,
596,
7786,
9850,
5828,
21302,
491,
14956,
322,
17487,
4902,
411,
14332,
29889,
13,
29902,
11148,
2767,
1716,
8694,
484,
952,
1383,
1823,
29875,
322,
438,
18820,
282,
1199,
322,
372,
759,
653,
1156,
7863,
304,
9665,
672,
20143,
29889,
7027,
304,
1074,
278,
23644,
3173,
29885,
2820,
1244,
363,
6427,
7807,
29889,
13,
13555,
9886,
2086,
19587,
515,
1833,
29871,
29945,
7378,
297,
5622,
263,
716,
12151,
322,
967,
13290,
1736,
3045,
636,
3112,
338,
1286,
931,
1449,
304,
24817,
1369,
590,
19500,
15935,
29889,
450,
1833,
17487,
471,
1383,
1823,
29875,
297,
22333,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29947,
322,
1449,
445,
260,
1004,
6427,
7807,
304,
1383,
1823,
29875,
6454,
22396,
4688,
7250,
313,
29896,
29955,
386,
4779,
467,
910,
931,
306,
674,
1101,
9665,
672,
20143,
448,
16753,
354,
261,
20143,
448,
12968,
20143,
448,
438,
1050,
3249,
448,
405,
2741,
2007,
448,
27415,
29926,
481,
332,
448,
6657,
1171,
20143,
448,
1522,
287,
448,
10802,
18015,
448,
29924,
12737,
29899,
29963,
1117,
2015,
29875,
29899,
29909,
8008,
287,
29876,
28641,
29899
] | 1,024 | C4 | -0.693456 | -1.543721 | -1.462256 | -0.87871 |
Sermon by The Rev. Jim Stickney, Dec. 4, 2022
Isaiah 11: 1-10
Romans 15: 4-13
Matthew 3: 1-12
Prepare the way of the Lord. [Matthew 3: 3]
By this time all of us have given a great deal of thought to preparing —
where we're going to be on Christmas, or what we're going to give.
The central message of John the Baptizer, the Forerunner of the ministry of Christ Jesus, was simply this: Prepare yourself. Get ready! Changes are coming soon.
When I was a boy, I spent some years in the Boy Scouts — and they had a motto,
which was drilled into us as often as humanly possible: Be prepared!
I think that was good advice for a group of high-energy boys moving through
our teenage years — not to get lost in the moment, but to be thinking ahead.
Back then I thought that Scouts were especially responsible for being prepared.
When I entered a building, I looked for the fire exit signs, or made plans
on what to do in case of an earthquake, or making sure to have road flares in the car.
But after a while I realized how simply "being prepared" was solid advice
for anyone who was serious about getting worthwhile goals accomplished.
By itself, there's nothing especially spiritual to the advice "Be Prepared."
Our insurance agent has several policies for our household — is that spiritual?
It's true that the Prayer Book admonishes the pastor to advise people,
"while they are in health," to make provisions for their heirs and parish family.
Making a will is prudent, but not every will is a spiritual preparation.
Prepare the way of the Lord.
Our religious tradition does recall the words of John, the Forerunner of Jesus,
as very spiritual — his challenge for a specific certain kind of preparation.
John's words carry a negative tone, since he's confronted by people who think
that they've got it made (spiritually speaking). They are already righteous —
they're already officially chosen by God. Abraham is their ancestor: end of story.
In order to break through such self-absorption, John uses some very harsh words —
brood of vipers! the wrath to come! the ax is lying at the root of the tree!
Should we take those words to heart? Only if we are "officially righteous" people.
But when admit significant doubts about the state of our spiritual self —
if we are (even painfully) aware of our spiritual shortcomings, then we should take
the consolation offered in the verses of our first reading, from Isaiah,
whereby the Peaceable Kingdom is established by a God who "judges the poor
with righteousness, and will decide with equity for the meek of the earth."
Many years ago Joni and I attended a prayer day based on icons at a local church.
We spent silent time gazing at many sacred images from the Orthodox tradition.
During the last part of the day, the leader shared with us the work of preparation
for making an icon, which includes some prayer and even fasting ahead of time.
The iconographer prepares the wooden surface in a painstaking process, and goes on
to prepare the paints one by one, grinding pigment and mixing it with a medium
made from eggs. The icon is to stay in the church for 40 days before its dedication.
I thought of house painting — the really difficult part is not slapping on some paint,
but the tedium of preparation — cleaning, sanding taping, and arranging the tools.
But if the preparation for painting an icon is itself a genuine spiritual work,
then why can't preparation for house painting also be done in a spiritual way?
So much of our lives involves preparing for one thing or another.
Perhaps we could shift our way of thinking about such preparation and make it a prayer!
I recall a short phrase from a workshop I attended years ago:
Attend to the process. Detach from the outcome. Attend to the process. Detach from the outcome.
So to Prepare the way of the Lord can include all the work we're doing
to make sure we are ready to celebrate Christ's birth. When | [
317,
837,
265,
491,
450,
11459,
29889,
8507,
624,
860,
3801,
29892,
3826,
29889,
29871,
29946,
29892,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29906,
29906,
13,
3624,
29874,
21071,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29901,
29871,
29896,
29899,
29896,
29900,
13,
29934,
290,
550,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29901,
29871,
29946,
29899,
29896,
29941,
13,
29924,
1131,
13636,
29871,
29941,
29901,
29871,
29896,
29899,
29896,
29906,
13,
29925,
3445,
598,
278,
982,
310,
278,
6171,
29889,
518,
29924,
1131,
13636,
29871,
29941,
29901,
29871,
29941,
29962,
13,
2059,
445,
931,
599,
310,
502,
505,
2183,
263,
2107,
5376,
310,
2714,
304,
10223,
292,
813,
13,
3062,
591,
29915,
276,
2675,
304,
367,
373,
17661,
29892,
470,
825,
591,
29915,
276,
2675,
304,
2367,
29889,
13,
1576,
6555,
2643,
310,
2259,
278,
23759,
3950,
29892,
278,
1152,
261,
348,
1089,
310,
278,
1375,
6020,
310,
2819,
13825,
29892,
471,
3763,
445,
29901,
349,
3445,
598,
7535,
29889,
3617,
7960,
29991,
678,
6916,
526,
6421,
4720,
29889,
13,
10401,
306,
471,
263,
8023,
29892,
306,
10398,
777,
2440,
297,
278,
16231,
2522,
17718,
813,
322,
896,
750,
263,
3184,
517,
29892,
13,
4716,
471,
270,
4115,
839,
964,
502,
408,
4049,
408,
5199,
368,
1950,
29901,
1522,
13240,
29991,
13,
29902,
1348,
393,
471,
1781,
9848,
363,
263,
2318,
310,
1880,
29899,
27548,
12544,
8401,
1549,
13,
473,
734,
264,
482,
2440,
813,
451,
304,
679,
5714,
297,
278,
3256,
29892,
541,
304,
367,
7291,
14432,
29889,
13,
5841,
769,
306,
2714,
393,
2522,
17718,
892,
7148,
14040,
363,
1641,
13240,
29889,
13,
10401,
306,
7802,
263,
5214,
29892,
306,
5148,
363,
278,
3974,
6876,
18906,
29892,
470,
1754,
13900,
13,
265,
825,
304,
437,
297,
1206,
310,
385,
8437,
339,
1296,
29892,
470,
3907,
1854,
304,
505,
6520,
1652,
5114,
297,
278,
1559,
29889,
13,
6246,
1156,
263,
1550,
306,
16387,
920,
3763,
376,
915,
292,
13240,
29908,
471,
7773,
9848,
13,
1454,
5019,
1058,
471,
10676,
1048,
2805,
7088,
8000,
14433,
24799,
29889,
13,
2059,
3528,
29892,
727,
29915,
29879,
3078,
7148,
20954,
304,
278,
9848,
376,
3629,
349,
3445,
1965,
1213,
13,
29949,
332,
1663,
18541,
10823,
756,
3196,
24833,
363,
1749,
22329,
813,
338,
393,
20954,
29973,
13,
3112,
29915,
29879,
1565,
393,
278,
349,
764,
261,
6726,
594,
3712,
17006,
278,
4940,
272,
304,
22939,
2305,
29892,
13,
29908,
8000,
896,
526,
297,
9045,
1699,
304,
1207,
1326,
12112,
363,
1009,
540,
12935,
322,
19373,
3942,
29889,
13,
29924,
5086,
263,
674,
338,
544,
10385,
29892,
541,
451,
1432,
674,
338,
263,
20954,
10223,
362,
29889,
13,
29925,
3445,
598,
278,
982,
310,
278,
6171,
29889,
13,
29949,
332,
12962,
11399,
947,
17386,
278,
3838,
310,
2259,
29892,
278,
1152,
261,
348,
1089,
310,
13825,
29892,
13,
294,
1407,
20954,
813,
670,
18766,
363,
263,
2702,
3058,
2924,
310,
10223,
362,
29889,
13,
11639,
29915,
29879,
3838,
8677,
263,
8178,
16225,
29892,
1951,
540,
29915,
29879,
21751,
287,
491,
2305,
1058,
1348,
13,
5747,
896,
29915,
345,
2355,
372,
1754,
313,
1028,
14987,
1474,
13590,
467,
2688,
526,
2307,
364,
1141,
371,
681,
813,
13,
19562,
29915,
276,
2307,
22444,
10434,
491,
4177,
29889,
24763,
338,
1009,
19525,
272,
29901,
1095,
310,
5828,
29889,
13,
797,
1797,
304,
2867,
1549,
1316,
1583,
29899,
6897,
272,
683,
29892,
2259,
3913,
777,
1407,
4023,
845,
3838,
813,
13,
6729,
397,
310,
325,
666,
414,
29991,
278,
2358,
493,
304,
2041,
29991,
278,
4853,
338,
19214,
472,
278,
3876,
310,
278,
5447,
29991,
13,
26857,
591,
2125,
1906,
3838,
304,
5192,
29973,
9333,
565,
591,
526,
376,
29877,
7880,
368,
364,
1141,
371,
681,
29908,
2305,
29889,
13,
6246,
746,
20000,
7282,
27455,
1372,
1048,
278,
2106,
310,
1749,
20954,
1583,
813,
13,
361,
591,
526,
313,
11884,
6788,
3730,
29897,
9543,
310,
1749,
20954,
3273,
510,
886,
29892,
769,
591,
881,
2125,
13,
1552,
1136,
22671,
12520,
297,
278,
1224,
267,
310,
1749,
937,
5183,
29892,
515,
19899,
21071,
29892,
13,
3062,
1609,
278,
24819,
519,
12626,
338,
7841,
491,
263,
4177,
1058,
376,
17675,
2710,
278,
6460,
13,
2541,
364,
1141,
371,
681,
2264,
29892,
322,
674,
11097,
411,
1592,
537,
363,
278,
592,
1416,
310,
278,
8437,
1213,
13,
14804,
2440,
8020,
435,
5271,
322,
306,
14283,
263,
27402,
2462,
2729,
373,
27673,
472,
263,
1887,
6586,
29889,
13,
4806,
10398,
17436,
931,
12642,
292,
472,
1784,
26546,
4558,
515,
278,
23757,
17324,
11399,
29889,
13,
29928,
3864,
278,
1833,
760,
310,
278,
2462,
29892,
278,
11822,
7258,
411,
502,
278,
664,
310,
10223,
362,
13,
1454,
3907,
385,
9849,
29892,
607,
7805,
777,
27402,
322,
1584,
5172,
292,
14432,
310,
931,
29889,
13,
1576,
9849,
1946,
261,
10223,
267,
278,
27278,
7101,
297,
263,
6788,
303,
5086,
1889,
29892,
322,
5771,
373,
13,
517,
19012,
278,
6788,
1372,
697,
491,
697,
29892,
867,
4015,
282,
335,
358,
322,
24907,
372,
411,
263,
18350,
13,
26350,
515,
29808,
29889,
450,
9849,
338,
304,
7952,
297,
278,
6586,
363,
29871,
29946,
29900,
3841,
1434,
967,
8856,
362,
29889,
13,
29902,
2714,
310,
3699,
20413,
813,
278,
2289,
5189,
760,
338,
451,
8370,
3262,
373,
777,
10675,
29892,
13,
4187,
278,
29748,
1974,
310,
10223,
362,
813,
5941,
292,
29892,
11982,
292,
18751,
292,
29892,
322,
3948,
9776,
278,
8492,
29889,
13,
6246,
565,
278,
10223,
362,
363,
20413,
385,
9849,
338,
3528,
263,
29120,
457,
20954,
664,
29892,
13,
6098,
2020,
508,
29915,
29873,
10223,
362,
363,
3699,
20413,
884,
367,
2309,
297,
263,
20954,
982,
29973,
13,
6295,
1568,
310,
1749,
12080,
20789,
10223,
292,
363,
697,
2655,
470,
1790,
29889,
13,
5894,
4252,
591,
1033,
9500,
1749,
982,
310,
7291,
1048,
1316,
10223,
362,
322,
1207,
372,
263,
27402,
29991,
13,
29902,
17386,
263,
3273,
16549,
515,
263,
664,
19032,
306,
14283,
2440,
8020,
29901,
13,
4165,
355,
304,
278,
1889,
29889,
5953,
496,
515,
278,
21957,
29889,
6212,
355,
304,
278,
1889,
29889,
5953,
496,
515,
278,
21957,
29889,
13,
6295,
304,
349,
3445,
598,
278,
982,
310,
278,
6171,
508,
3160,
599,
278,
664,
591,
29915,
276,
2599,
13,
517,
1207,
1854,
591,
526,
7960,
304,
10894,
403,
2819,
29915,
29879,
12060,
29889,
1932
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 1.141919 | 0.095382 | -0.617648 | 1.119163 |
WDC President Calls on KP-Member Countries to Enact Measures That Enable Diamonds to Meet Their Full Developmental Potential
He was speaking during the Opening Session of the 2019 Intersessional Meeting of the KP.
WDC President Stephane Fischler addressing the Opening Session of the 2019 Kimberley Process Intersessional Meeting in Mumbai, India, on June 17.
(PRESS RELEASE) MUMBAI, INDIA — WDC President Stephane Fischler has called on Kimberley Process-member governments to do what is necessary to safeguard the interests of their mining communities, and in so doing optimize the developmental potential of their natural resources. He was speaking during the Opening Session of the 2019 Intersessional Meeting of the Kimberley Process (KP), which opened in the Indian city of Mumbai.
"We must agree that the Kimberley Process should ensure that each government takes responsibility to ensure a chain of provenance, earning the trust of consumers wherever they are, and in so doing produce the revenues that must filter back to the grass roots of the mining communities," Mr. Fischler stated.
Historically, he noted, one of the most critical factors determining whether a country's economy is able to take advantage of the potential offered by its rough diamond deposits is the relative absence of ongoing conflict and violence.
"There is a dramatic disparity between the development level of those countries and the others that suffered the tragedy of civil war, Mr. Fischler stated. "Only today are some slowly realizing the opportunities that their commodities could offer, in helping maintain the peace and allowing for nation building."
The Intersessional Meeting is one of two gatherings of all KP participants that will take place in India in 2019, which is the final year of a three-year reform and review process underway in the organization. "The Kimberley Process has today a one-time opportunity to make a difference in those countries where the diamond industry has not yet met its developmental potential," he said.
Mr. Fischler delineated the elements that distinguish review from reform. Reform, he said, involves enhancing internal processes, so that the KP can "make better use of the instruments we ourselves have created, or will create in the future, for the benefit of the members, to generate a more efficient and effective organization." These, he said, include a simplified and more consistent core document, a strengthened peer-review mechanism, the creation of a permanent secretariat, and the establishment of a multi-donor fund to ensure that all participants are capable of being fully active within the KP.
Reform is a more fundamental process, the WDC president stressed, noting that in its case industry believes the definition of what constitutes "conflict diamonds" should be expanded. "We strongly believe that, by helping eliminate the trade in diamonds directly associated with instances of systemic violence, we can bring about a more responsible and ethical mining sector, thus enabling a fairer distribution of the benefits delivered to millions of people," he stated.
While the diamond industry and civil society will do all that they can to support constructive change as observers in the KP, ultimately it will be up to governments to reach consensus on the review and reform that is required, Mr. Fischler said.
"We need you, the country representatives, to have the courage to look into the eyes of your own people – the men, women and children active and living in the diamond-mining areas. They ask that they be allowed to live, rather than simply survive. They request safety and security for themselves and their families, and to be dignified with a proper wage, so that they may build a better future for themselves and their children, and contribute proudly as citizens," he said.
"We are relying on each of you, during this final year of the review and reform process, to show the consumers of diamonds that the Kimberley Process can unite around a program that will ensure better care and protection of your brothers and sisters," Mr. Fischler said.
Prior to the opening session, the WDC hosted an Observers' Forum with the other official observers in the KP, including the Civil Society Coalition (CSC), the Diamond Development Initiative (DDI) and the African Diamond Producers Association (ADPA).
To download a full copy of the WDC President's speech to 2019 KP Intersessional Meeting, click here.
Representatives of the | [
399,
12696,
7178,
315,
4293,
373,
476,
29925,
29899,
13404,
3917,
2722,
304,
1174,
627,
2191,
25414,
2193,
1174,
519,
22904,
13788,
304,
2191,
300,
11275,
14846,
14650,
284,
10173,
2556,
13,
3868,
471,
13590,
2645,
278,
4673,
292,
16441,
310,
278,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29929,
512,
2153,
15750,
2191,
15133,
310,
278,
476,
29925,
29889,
13,
29956,
12696,
7178,
27265,
1662,
383,
783,
1358,
3211,
292,
278,
4673,
292,
16441,
310,
278,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29929,
12931,
495,
2330,
10554,
512,
2153,
15750,
2191,
15133,
297,
341,
3774,
1794,
29892,
7513,
29892,
373,
5306,
29871,
29896,
29955,
29889,
13,
29898,
15094,
1799,
5195,
14063,
29897,
341,
5005,
5688,
29902,
29892,
2672,
4571,
29909,
813,
399,
12696,
7178,
27265,
1662,
383,
783,
1358,
756,
2000,
373,
12931,
495,
2330,
10554,
29899,
14242,
4095,
1860,
304,
437,
825,
338,
5181,
304,
9437,
24024,
538,
278,
20017,
310,
1009,
1375,
292,
23507,
29892,
322,
297,
577,
2599,
24656,
278,
5849,
284,
7037,
310,
1009,
5613,
7788,
29889,
940,
471,
13590,
2645,
278,
4673,
292,
16441,
310,
278,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29929,
512,
2153,
15750,
2191,
15133,
310,
278,
12931,
495,
2330,
10554,
313,
29968,
29925,
511,
607,
6496,
297,
278,
7560,
4272,
310,
341,
3774,
1794,
29889,
13,
29908,
4806,
1818,
8661,
393,
278,
12931,
495,
2330,
10554,
881,
9801,
393,
1269,
5874,
4893,
23134,
304,
9801,
263,
9704,
310,
16413,
749,
29892,
2326,
1076,
278,
9311,
310,
11233,
414,
29693,
896,
526,
29892,
322,
297,
577,
2599,
7738,
278,
20957,
1041,
393,
1818,
4175,
1250,
304,
278,
17455,
16778,
310,
278,
1375,
292,
23507,
1699,
3237,
29889,
383,
783,
1358,
8703,
29889,
13,
29950,
2118,
1711,
29892,
540,
11682,
29892,
697,
310,
278,
1556,
12187,
13879,
3683,
2827,
3692,
263,
4234,
29915,
29879,
26504,
338,
2221,
304,
2125,
10631,
310,
278,
7037,
12520,
491,
967,
12164,
11502,
898,
19754,
1169,
338,
278,
6198,
18070,
310,
373,
17696,
14529,
322,
21448,
29889,
13,
29908,
8439,
338,
263,
8541,
2454,
17508,
537,
1546,
278,
5849,
3233,
310,
1906,
10916,
322,
278,
4045,
393,
17654,
278,
1020,
3192,
29891,
310,
7631,
1370,
29892,
3237,
29889,
383,
783,
1358,
8703,
29889,
376,
11730,
9826,
526,
777,
14205,
1855,
5281,
278,
28602,
1907,
393,
1009,
844,
397,
1907,
1033,
5957,
29892,
297,
19912,
7344,
278,
10776,
322,
14372,
363,
5233,
5214,
1213,
13,
1576,
512,
2153,
15750,
2191,
15133,
338,
697,
310,
1023,
11705,
886,
310,
599,
476,
29925,
27138,
393,
674,
2125,
2058,
297,
7513,
297,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29929,
29892,
607,
338,
278,
2186,
1629,
310,
263,
2211,
29899,
6360,
11736,
322,
9076,
1889,
1090,
1582,
297,
278,
13013,
29889,
376,
1576,
12931,
495,
2330,
10554,
756,
9826,
263,
697,
29899,
2230,
15130,
304,
1207,
263,
4328,
297,
1906,
10916,
988,
278,
11502,
898,
13661,
756,
451,
3447,
1539,
967,
5849,
284,
7037,
1699,
540,
1497,
29889,
13,
20335,
29889,
383,
783,
1358,
628,
457,
630,
278,
3161,
393,
20820,
9076,
515,
11736,
29889,
23933,
29892,
540,
1497,
29892,
20789,
427,
5403,
3277,
7463,
10174,
29892,
577,
393,
278,
476,
29925,
508,
376,
5675,
2253,
671,
310,
278,
23643,
591,
20278,
505,
2825,
29892,
470,
674,
1653,
297,
278,
5434,
29892,
363,
278,
14169,
310,
278,
5144,
29892,
304,
5706,
263,
901,
8543,
322,
11828,
13013,
1213,
4525,
29892,
540,
1497,
29892,
3160,
263,
20875,
322,
901,
13747,
7136,
1842,
29892,
263,
9324,
6419,
23533,
29899,
27828,
13336,
29892,
278,
11265,
310,
263,
17667,
7035,
29294,
29892,
322,
278,
25012,
310,
263,
2473,
29899,
9176,
272,
5220,
304,
9801,
393,
599,
27138,
526,
15390,
310,
1641,
8072,
6136,
2629,
278,
476,
29925,
29889,
13,
1123,
689,
338,
263,
901,
15281,
1889,
29892,
278,
399,
12696,
6673,
851,
11517,
29892,
451,
292,
393,
297,
967,
1206,
13661,
1339,
17180,
278,
5023,
310,
825,
20016,
2667,
376,
5527,
29176,
11502,
13788,
29908,
881,
367,
17832,
29889,
376,
4806,
13818,
4658,
393,
29892,
491,
19912,
27399,
278,
11302,
297,
11502,
13788,
4153,
6942,
411,
8871,
310,
1788,
293,
21448,
29892,
591,
508,
6963,
1048,
263,
901,
14040,
322,
11314,
936,
1375,
292,
17535,
29892,
4550,
427,
17961,
263,
6534,
261,
4978,
310,
278,
23633,
20115,
304,
14746,
310,
2305,
1699,
540,
8703,
29889,
13,
8809,
488,
278,
11502,
898,
13661,
322,
7631,
12459,
674,
437,
599,
393,
896,
508,
304,
2304,
3386,
573,
1735,
408,
5366,
874,
297,
278,
476,
29925,
29892,
18973,
372,
674,
367,
701,
304,
4095,
1860,
304,
6159,
1136,
8841,
373,
278,
9076,
322,
11736,
393,
338,
3734,
29892,
3237,
29889,
383,
783,
1358,
1497,
29889,
13,
29908,
4806,
817,
366,
29892,
278,
4234,
2755,
5056,
29892,
304,
505,
278,
19872,
304,
1106,
964,
278,
5076,
310,
596,
1914,
2305,
785,
278,
1757,
29892,
5866,
322,
4344,
6136,
322,
8471,
297,
278,
11502,
898,
29899,
1195,
292,
10161,
29889,
2688,
2244,
393,
896,
367,
6068,
304,
5735,
29892,
3265,
1135,
3763,
10503,
573,
29889,
2688,
2009,
15332,
322,
6993,
363,
6053,
322,
1009,
13175,
29892,
322,
304,
367,
18085,
2164,
411,
263,
1571,
281,
482,
29892,
577,
393,
896,
1122,
2048,
263,
2253,
5434,
363,
6053,
322,
1009,
4344,
29892,
322,
29126,
22314,
368,
408,
18363,
1699,
540,
1497,
29889,
13,
29908,
4806,
526,
337,
5890,
373,
1269,
310,
366,
29892,
2645,
445,
2186,
1629,
310,
278,
9076,
322,
11736,
1889,
29892,
304,
1510,
278,
11233,
414,
310,
11502,
13788,
393,
278,
12931,
495,
2330,
10554,
508,
443,
568,
2820,
263,
1824,
393,
674,
9801,
2253,
2562,
322,
13047,
310,
596,
21383,
322,
9883,
29879,
1699,
3237,
29889,
383,
783,
1358,
1497,
29889,
13,
29925,
13479,
304,
278,
8718,
4867,
29892,
278,
399,
12696,
17791,
385,
4250,
643,
874,
29915,
29474,
411,
278,
916,
6221,
5366,
874,
297,
278,
476,
29925,
29892,
3704,
278,
12886,
7765,
3189,
284,
654,
313,
29907,
7187,
511,
278,
22904,
898,
14650,
512,
4812,
1230,
313,
29928,
4571,
29897,
322,
278,
11715,
22904,
898,
7138,
22543,
7993,
313,
3035,
7228,
467,
13,
1762,
5142,
263,
2989,
3509,
310,
278,
399,
12696,
7178,
29915,
29879,
12032,
304,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29929,
476,
29925,
512,
2153,
15750,
2191,
15133,
29892,
2828,
1244,
29889,
13,
1123,
6338,
5056,
310,
278
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 1.038671 | 0.618389 | 0.668093 | 0.954729 |
Proposed bill to standardize marijuana penalties would raise fines in Milwaukee and Madison, lower them elsewhere
Molly Beck
MADISON – A new bill would create a minimum penalty of $100 for getting caught with half an ounce of marijuana or less but could lead to a dramatic increase in fines in diverse communities like Milwaukee and Madison.
A bipartisan group of lawmakers is proposing to set fines statewide to no less than $100 for possessing 14 grams or less of marijuana and no more than $250 — requiring many communities like Green Bay to lower minimum fines for the misdemeanor.
But the legislation also allows local government officials to use their discretion to set fines for possessing more than 14 grams of marijuana.
That means in communities like Milwaukee County where fines for marijuana possession of 28 grams or less are currently $1, the bill would increase fines for having 14 grams or less to $100 but allow county officials to keep fines $1 for convictions for more than 14 grams.
Under current law, a person convicted of possessing marijuana may face up to $1,000 in fines and up to six months in prison on the first offense. On subsequent offenses, the crime becomes a felony.
The legislation proposed by Democratic Rep. Sylvia Ortiz-Velez of Milwaukee and Republican Rep. Shae Sortwell of Two Rivers would require a number of communities to reduce their maximum fines, including Green Bay, West Allis and Wauwatosa.
Cities like Eau Claire, Madison, Milwaukee and Racine would be required to increase their minimum penalties.
Ortiz-Velez, who successfully proposed as a Milwaukee County supervisor to lower fines in the county to $1 for small amounts of marijuana, said she is now introducing legislation that would increase that fine to $100 in order to make a uniform set of rules.
"Part of the problem is people in Milwaukee, if they leave the county and they're in another county ... they don't really know that the rule only applies to this county," she said at a news conference Tuesday at the state Capitol. "When people are confused about how the laws apply, within patchworks, that makes it harder."
"We understand it's worth the tradeoff, and that's coming from the person who actually made it one dollar," she said.
Sortwell said Assembly leadership did not reject the idea, but it's still unclear whether it will move forward. Aides to Assembly Speaker Robin Vos and Senate Majority Leader Devin LeMahieu, who control which bills advance, did not respond to whether the leaders support the proposal.
A spokeswoman for Gov. Tony Evers, who unsuccessfully proposed to legalize recreational marijuana, also did not respond to whether Evers would sign the bill.
"This is trying to create a standard across the state that, generally speaking, we can all come into agreement on," Sortwell said. "And yes, there's gonna be some areas of the state they're going to have the penalty, the financial penalty, increased, as in Milwaukee County, and there's going to be some counties where their fines are going to be lower."
Some Democratic lawmakers who have pushed for marijuana legalization are not fully supportive of the legislation.
Democratic Sen. Melissa Agard of Madison, who has pushed for changes to marijuana laws for years, said she will not be sponsoring the legislation.
"It is important as legislators that we honor the work that is being done at a local level ... to address cannabis policy in the best way they can given our state's laws and I am concerned there are provisions in this bill that would undo some of that work," Agard said.
Sen. Kelda Roys, a Democrat also of Madison, where there is no fine for possessing up to 28 grams of marijuana on private or public property with permission, said it's a good thing to restrict penalties statewide, but increasing penalties in the most diverse communities in Wisconsin is a step backward.
"For communities like Madison and Milwaukee, which are very diverse communities that have large populations of people of color who are disproportionately targeted by the criminal justice system, this | [
1019,
4752,
11118,
304,
3918,
675,
1766,
26323,
1648,
6584,
1997,
583,
723,
12020,
1436,
267,
297,
3833,
29893,
585,
23137,
322,
4104,
2285,
29892,
5224,
963,
17551,
13,
29924,
18368,
19573,
13,
1529,
4571,
3094,
785,
319,
716,
11118,
723,
1653,
263,
9212,
27368,
310,
395,
29896,
29900,
29900,
363,
2805,
12624,
411,
4203,
385,
29871,
21543,
310,
1766,
26323,
1648,
470,
3109,
541,
1033,
3275,
304,
263,
8541,
2454,
7910,
297,
1436,
267,
297,
16984,
23507,
763,
3833,
29893,
585,
23137,
322,
4104,
2285,
29889,
13,
29909,
289,
27494,
21603,
2318,
310,
4307,
29885,
21079,
338,
9551,
292,
304,
731,
1436,
267,
2106,
8157,
304,
694,
3109,
1135,
395,
29896,
29900,
29900,
363,
22592,
292,
29871,
29896,
29946,
867,
2232,
470,
3109,
310,
1766,
26323,
1648,
322,
694,
901,
1135,
395,
29906,
29945,
29900,
813,
26795,
1784,
23507,
763,
7646,
6211,
304,
5224,
9212,
1436,
267,
363,
278,
3984,
311,
12676,
272,
29889,
13,
6246,
278,
13332,
362,
884,
6511,
1887,
5874,
24921,
304,
671,
1009,
766,
4838,
291,
304,
731,
1436,
267,
363,
22592,
292,
901,
1135,
29871,
29896,
29946,
867,
2232,
310,
1766,
26323,
1648,
29889,
13,
7058,
2794,
297,
23507,
763,
3833,
29893,
585,
23137,
5127,
988,
1436,
267,
363,
1766,
26323,
1648,
17715,
310,
29871,
29906,
29947,
867,
2232,
470,
3109,
526,
5279,
395,
29896,
29892,
278,
11118,
723,
7910,
1436,
267,
363,
2534,
29871,
29896,
29946,
867,
2232,
470,
3109,
304,
395,
29896,
29900,
29900,
541,
2758,
15178,
24921,
304,
3013,
1436,
267,
395,
29896,
363,
7602,
919,
1080,
363,
901,
1135,
29871,
29896,
29946,
867,
2232,
29889,
13,
29177,
1857,
4307,
29892,
263,
2022,
7602,
18186,
310,
22592,
292,
1766,
26323,
1648,
1122,
3700,
701,
304,
395,
29896,
29892,
29900,
29900,
29900,
297,
1436,
267,
322,
701,
304,
4832,
7378,
297,
8475,
373,
278,
937,
1283,
1947,
29889,
1551,
15352,
1283,
11259,
29892,
278,
17268,
7415,
263,
7995,
2592,
29889,
13,
1576,
13332,
362,
7972,
491,
19083,
10088,
29889,
19628,
6071,
8531,
466,
29899,
29963,
6146,
29920,
310,
3833,
29893,
585,
23137,
322,
21178,
10088,
29889,
1383,
3660,
20025,
5872,
310,
7803,
390,
1536,
723,
1996,
263,
1353,
310,
23507,
304,
10032,
1009,
7472,
1436,
267,
29892,
3704,
7646,
6211,
29892,
3122,
2178,
275,
322,
399,
585,
29893,
271,
3628,
29889,
13,
29907,
1907,
763,
382,
585,
6015,
533,
29892,
4104,
2285,
29892,
3833,
29893,
585,
23137,
322,
390,
562,
457,
723,
367,
3734,
304,
7910,
1009,
9212,
6584,
1997,
583,
29889,
13,
29949,
2273,
466,
29899,
29963,
6146,
29920,
29892,
1058,
8472,
7972,
408,
263,
3833,
29893,
585,
23137,
5127,
2428,
19188,
304,
5224,
1436,
267,
297,
278,
15178,
304,
395,
29896,
363,
2319,
26999,
310,
1766,
26323,
1648,
29892,
1497,
1183,
338,
1286,
4547,
3277,
13332,
362,
393,
723,
7910,
393,
2691,
304,
395,
29896,
29900,
29900,
297,
1797,
304,
1207,
263,
9090,
731,
310,
6865,
29889,
13,
29908,
7439,
310,
278,
1108,
338,
2305,
297,
3833,
29893,
585,
23137,
29892,
565,
896,
5967,
278,
15178,
322,
896,
29915,
276,
297,
1790,
15178,
2023,
896,
1016,
29915,
29873,
2289,
1073,
393,
278,
5751,
871,
16058,
304,
445,
15178,
1699,
1183,
1497,
472,
263,
9763,
21362,
323,
1041,
3250,
472,
278,
2106,
22009,
324,
29889,
376,
10401,
2305,
526,
9613,
1048,
920,
278,
14243,
3394,
29892,
2629,
13261,
13129,
29892,
393,
3732,
372,
22622,
1213,
13,
29908,
4806,
2274,
372,
29915,
29879,
7088,
278,
11302,
2696,
29892,
322,
393,
29915,
29879,
6421,
515,
278,
2022,
1058,
2869,
1754,
372,
697,
11232,
279,
1699,
1183,
1497,
29889,
13,
13685,
5872,
1497,
13266,
26001,
1258,
451,
12560,
278,
2969,
29892,
541,
372,
29915,
29879,
1603,
20871,
3692,
372,
674,
4337,
6375,
29889,
319,
2247,
304,
13266,
5013,
5790,
13104,
478,
359,
322,
18148,
11019,
537,
951,
1664,
897,
3845,
951,
29924,
801,
9532,
29892,
1058,
2761,
607,
289,
6090,
6564,
29892,
1258,
451,
10049,
304,
3692,
278,
20251,
2304,
278,
24963,
29889,
13,
29909,
805,
23195,
29893,
2480,
363,
402,
586,
29889,
15293,
382,
874,
29892,
1058,
443,
8698,
3730,
7972,
304,
11706,
675,
28709,
1288,
1766,
26323,
1648,
29892,
884,
1258,
451,
10049,
304,
3692,
382,
874,
723,
1804,
278,
11118,
29889,
13,
29908,
4013,
338,
1811,
304,
1653,
263,
3918,
4822,
278,
2106,
393,
29892,
6892,
13590,
29892,
591,
508,
599,
2041,
964,
17327,
373,
1699,
20025,
5872,
1497,
29889,
376,
2855,
4874,
29892,
727,
29915,
29879,
330,
11586,
367,
777,
10161,
310,
278,
2106,
896,
29915,
276,
2675,
304,
505,
278,
27368,
29892,
278,
18161,
27368,
29892,
11664,
29892,
408,
297,
3833,
29893,
585,
23137,
5127,
29892,
322,
727,
29915,
29879,
2675,
304,
367,
777,
2302,
583,
988,
1009,
1436,
267,
526,
2675,
304,
367,
5224,
1213,
13,
9526,
19083,
4307,
29885,
21079,
1058,
505,
18760,
363,
1766,
26323,
1648,
11706,
2133,
526,
451,
8072,
2304,
573,
310,
278,
13332,
362,
29889,
13,
29928,
331,
8415,
2454,
5811,
29889,
6286,
16343,
4059,
538,
310,
4104,
2285,
29892,
1058,
756,
18760,
363,
3620,
304,
1766,
26323,
1648,
14243,
363,
2440,
29892,
1497,
1183,
674,
451,
367,
21955,
8253,
278,
13332,
362,
29889,
13,
29908,
3112,
338,
4100,
408,
13332,
4097,
393,
591,
10657,
278,
664,
393,
338,
1641,
2309,
472,
263,
1887,
3233,
2023,
304,
3211,
508,
7183,
275,
8898,
297,
278,
1900,
982,
896,
508,
2183,
1749,
2106,
29915,
29879,
14243,
322,
306,
626,
15041,
727,
526,
1326,
12112,
297,
445,
11118,
393,
723,
563,
29877,
777,
310,
393,
664,
1699,
4059,
538,
1497,
29889,
13,
29903,
264,
29889,
27326,
1388,
1528,
952,
29892,
263,
4432,
16909,
884,
310,
4104,
2285,
29892,
988,
727,
338,
694,
2691,
363,
22592,
292,
701,
304,
29871,
29906,
29947,
867,
2232,
310,
1766,
26323,
1648,
373,
2024,
470,
970,
2875,
411,
10751,
29892,
1497,
372,
29915,
29879,
263,
1781,
2655,
304,
9250,
6584,
1997,
583,
2106,
8157,
29892,
541,
10231,
6584,
1997,
583,
297,
278,
1556,
16984,
23507,
297,
22581,
338,
263,
4331,
1250,
1328,
29889,
13,
29908,
2831,
23507,
763,
4104,
2285,
322,
3833,
29893,
585,
23137,
29892,
607,
526,
1407,
16984,
23507,
393,
505,
2919,
23093,
310,
2305,
310,
2927,
1058,
526,
766,
771,
637,
291,
2486,
3646,
287,
491,
278,
22161,
15426,
1788,
29892,
445
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -0.155138 | -0.370523 | -0.213276 | 0.061726 |
Q: Partial Update with Entity Framework - ASP.NET MVC3 C# I am trying to update only some of the fields in a table. I created a view model with the fields that need to be updated. There are other fields in the table that don't need to be touched so they have been left oiut of the view model.
When I execute SaveChanges(), I get an error about a field not included in the view model, cannot be NULL. Since this is a partial update, I thought the fields not included in the view model should just be left alone on the update.
The Exception:
Cannot insert the value NULL into column 'NewClubName', table 'dbo.NewClub';
column does not allow nulls. UPDATE fails
Here is what I have:
//View Model
public class FormANewClubTeamViewModel
{
/******************************************************
Properties for Domain Model "NewClub"
*******************************************************/
public int NewClub_Id { get; set; }
//District and Division
public string District { get; set; }
public string Division { get; set; }
//Lt Governor
public string LtGovMasterCustomerId { get; set; }
public string LtGovContact { get; set; }
public string LtGovEmail { get; set; }
public string LtGovPhone { get; set; }
// Club Counselor
public string ClubCounselorMasterCustomerId { get; set; }
[Display(Name = "Club counselor")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = "Club counselor name")]
public string ClubCounselorContact { get; set; }
[Display(Name = "Club counselor email")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = "Club counselor email")]
public string ClubCounselorEmail { get; set; }
[Display(Name = "Club counselor phone")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = "Club counselor phone")]
public string ClubCounselorPhone { get; set; }
/******************************************************
Properties for Domain Model "NewClubSponsor"
*******************************************************/
public List<NewClubSponsor> Sponsors { get; set; }
}
//Controller doing the update
if (ModelState.IsValid)
{
if (model.NewClub_Id > 0)
{
httpStatus = HttpStatusCode.OK;
NewClub newClub = new NewClub
{
Id = model.NewClub_Id,
ClubCounselorMasterCustomerId = model.ClubCounselorMasterCustomerId,
ClubCounselorContact = model.ClubCounselorContact,
ClubCounselorEmail = model.ClubCounselorEmail,
ClubCounselorPhone = model.ClubCounselorPhone,
DateUpdated = DateTime.Now
};
db.NewClubs.Add(newClub);
db.Entry(newClub).State = EntityState.Modified;
try
{
var dbResult = db.SaveChanges() > 0;
}
catch (SqlException ex)
{
[...]
}
A: The problem here is that EF does not have any mean to know whether you are updating this particular property to be NULL, or do not want to update it at all.
As far as I know there is no way to make such partial update in EF (unless you are willing to introduce some pure SQL code into your data access layer), as for now. Meaning that for the update to take place you need to load the entity, update its fields, and save the changes:
if (model.NewClub_Id > 0)
{
httpStatus = HttpStatusCode.OK;
NewClub newClub = db.NewClubs.Single(nc => nc.Id == model.NewClub_Id);
newClub.ClubCounselorMasterCustomerId = model.ClubCounselorMasterCustomerId;
newClub.ClubCounselorContact = model.ClubCoun | [
660,
29901,
3455,
616,
10318,
411,
14945,
16657,
448,
12738,
29889,
6006,
13348,
29941,
315,
29937,
306,
626,
1811,
304,
2767,
871,
777,
310,
278,
4235,
297,
263,
1591,
29889,
306,
2825,
263,
1776,
1904,
411,
278,
4235,
393,
817,
304,
367,
4784,
29889,
1670,
526,
916,
4235,
297,
278,
1591,
393,
1016,
29915,
29873,
817,
304,
367,
23051,
577,
896,
505,
1063,
2175,
288,
29875,
329,
310,
278,
1776,
1904,
29889,
13,
10401,
306,
6222,
16913,
21459,
3285,
306,
679,
385,
1059,
1048,
263,
1746,
451,
5134,
297,
278,
1776,
1904,
29892,
2609,
367,
4265,
29889,
4001,
445,
338,
263,
7687,
2767,
29892,
306,
2714,
278,
4235,
451,
5134,
297,
278,
1776,
1904,
881,
925,
367,
2175,
7432,
373,
278,
2767,
29889,
13,
1576,
8960,
29901,
13,
29089,
4635,
278,
995,
4265,
964,
1897,
525,
4373,
6821,
431,
1170,
742,
1591,
525,
21627,
29889,
4373,
6821,
431,
2670,
29871,
13,
4914,
947,
451,
2758,
1870,
29879,
29889,
16924,
8465,
13,
13,
10605,
338,
825,
306,
505,
29901,
13,
458,
1043,
8125,
13,
1678,
970,
770,
3812,
2190,
809,
6821,
431,
19409,
15166,
13,
1678,
426,
13,
4706,
847,
7775,
7775,
7775,
2328,
1068,
13,
9651,
21582,
363,
28460,
8125,
376,
4373,
6821,
431,
29908,
13,
4706,
334,
7775,
7775,
7775,
2328,
1068,
29914,
13,
4706,
970,
938,
1570,
6821,
431,
29918,
1204,
426,
679,
29936,
731,
29936,
500,
13,
13,
4706,
849,
29928,
6801,
322,
7946,
13,
4706,
970,
1347,
7457,
426,
679,
29936,
731,
29936,
500,
13,
4706,
970,
1347,
7946,
426,
679,
29936,
731,
29936,
500,
13,
13,
4706,
849,
29931,
29873,
15431,
13,
4706,
970,
1347,
365,
29873,
29954,
586,
19203,
15122,
1204,
426,
679,
29936,
731,
29936,
500,
13,
4706,
970,
1347,
365,
29873,
29954,
586,
13443,
426,
679,
29936,
731,
29936,
500,
13,
4706,
970,
1347,
365,
29873,
29954,
586,
9823,
426,
679,
29936,
731,
29936,
500,
13,
4706,
970,
1347,
365,
29873,
29954,
586,
9861,
426,
679,
29936,
731,
29936,
500,
13,
13,
4706,
849,
5977,
6237,
2838,
272,
13,
4706,
970,
1347,
5977,
29907,
1309,
2838,
272,
19203,
15122,
1204,
426,
679,
29936,
731,
29936,
500,
13,
13,
4706,
518,
9323,
29898,
1170,
353,
376,
6821,
431,
2613,
2838,
272,
13531,
13,
4706,
518,
19347,
29898,
2392,
3728,
353,
376,
6821,
431,
2613,
2838,
272,
1024,
13531,
13,
4706,
970,
1347,
5977,
29907,
1309,
2838,
272,
13443,
426,
679,
29936,
731,
29936,
500,
13,
13,
4706,
518,
9323,
29898,
1170,
353,
376,
6821,
431,
2613,
2838,
272,
4876,
13531,
13,
4706,
518,
19347,
29898,
2392,
3728,
353,
376,
6821,
431,
2613,
2838,
272,
4876,
13531,
13,
4706,
970,
1347,
5977,
29907,
1309,
2838,
272,
9823,
426,
679,
29936,
731,
29936,
500,
13,
13,
4706,
518,
9323,
29898,
1170,
353,
376,
6821,
431,
2613,
2838,
272,
9008,
13531,
13,
4706,
518,
19347,
29898,
2392,
3728,
353,
376,
6821,
431,
2613,
2838,
272,
9008,
13531,
13,
4706,
970,
1347,
5977,
29907,
1309,
2838,
272,
9861,
426,
679,
29936,
731,
29936,
500,
13,
13,
4706,
847,
7775,
7775,
7775,
2328,
1068,
13,
965,
21582,
363,
28460,
8125,
376,
4373,
6821,
431,
5592,
787,
272,
29908,
13,
539,
334,
7775,
7775,
7775,
2328,
1068,
29914,
13,
4706,
970,
2391,
29966,
4373,
6821,
431,
5592,
787,
272,
29958,
1706,
787,
943,
426,
679,
29936,
731,
29936,
500,
13,
1678,
500,
13,
13,
13,
849,
2956,
2599,
278,
2767,
13,
4706,
565,
313,
3195,
2792,
29889,
3624,
7211,
29897,
13,
4706,
426,
13,
13,
9651,
565,
313,
4299,
29889,
4373,
6821,
431,
29918,
1204,
1405,
29871,
29900,
29897,
13,
9651,
426,
13,
18884,
1732,
5709,
353,
9056,
5709,
3399,
29889,
8949,
29936,
13,
13,
18884,
1570,
6821,
431,
716,
6821,
431,
353,
716,
1570,
6821,
431,
13,
462,
1678,
426,
13,
462,
4706,
5163,
353,
1904,
29889,
4373,
6821,
431,
29918,
1204,
29892,
13,
462,
4706,
5977,
29907,
1309,
2838,
272,
19203,
15122,
1204,
353,
1904,
29889,
6821,
431,
29907,
1309,
2838,
272,
19203,
15122,
1204,
29892,
13,
462,
4706,
5977,
29907,
1309,
2838,
272,
13443,
353,
1904,
29889,
6821,
431,
29907,
1309,
2838,
272,
13443,
29892,
13,
462,
4706,
5977,
29907,
1309,
2838,
272,
9823,
353,
1904,
29889,
6821,
431,
29907,
1309,
2838,
272,
9823,
29892,
13,
462,
4706,
5977,
29907,
1309,
2838,
272,
9861,
353,
1904,
29889,
6821,
431,
29907,
1309,
2838,
272,
9861,
29892,
13,
462,
4706,
4712,
29248,
353,
12315,
29889,
10454,
13,
13,
13,
462,
1678,
3980,
13,
13,
18884,
4833,
29889,
4373,
6821,
23954,
29889,
2528,
29898,
1482,
6821,
431,
416,
13,
18884,
4833,
29889,
9634,
29898,
1482,
6821,
431,
467,
2792,
353,
14945,
2792,
29889,
2111,
2164,
29936,
13,
13,
18884,
1018,
13,
18884,
426,
13,
462,
1678,
722,
4833,
3591,
353,
4833,
29889,
11371,
21459,
580,
1405,
29871,
29900,
29936,
13,
13,
18884,
500,
13,
18884,
4380,
313,
10520,
2451,
429,
29897,
13,
18884,
426,
29871,
13,
462,
259,
21945,
13,
18884,
500,
13,
13,
13,
29909,
29901,
450,
1108,
1244,
338,
393,
22286,
947,
451,
505,
738,
2099,
304,
1073,
3692,
366,
526,
13271,
445,
3153,
2875,
304,
367,
4265,
29892,
470,
437,
451,
864,
304,
2767,
372,
472,
599,
29889,
13,
2887,
2215,
408,
306,
1073,
727,
338,
694,
982,
304,
1207,
1316,
7687,
2767,
297,
22286,
313,
28952,
366,
526,
17762,
304,
14944,
777,
8296,
3758,
775,
964,
596,
848,
2130,
7546,
511,
408,
363,
1286,
29889,
16316,
292,
393,
363,
278,
2767,
304,
2125,
2058,
366,
817,
304,
2254,
278,
7855,
29892,
2767,
967,
4235,
29892,
322,
4078,
278,
3620,
29901,
13,
361,
313,
4299,
29889,
4373,
6821,
431,
29918,
1204,
1405,
29871,
29900,
29897,
13,
29912,
13,
1678,
1732,
5709,
353,
9056,
5709,
3399,
29889,
8949,
29936,
13,
13,
1678,
1570,
6821,
431,
716,
6821,
431,
353,
4833,
29889,
4373,
6821,
23954,
29889,
15771,
29898,
17608,
1149,
302,
29883,
29889,
1204,
1275,
1904,
29889,
4373,
6821,
431,
29918,
1204,
416,
13,
13,
1678,
716,
6821,
431,
29889,
6821,
431,
29907,
1309,
2838,
272,
19203,
15122,
1204,
353,
1904,
29889,
6821,
431,
29907,
1309,
2838,
272,
19203,
15122,
1204,
29936,
13,
1678,
716,
6821,
431,
29889,
6821,
431,
29907,
1309,
2838,
272,
13443,
353,
1904,
29889,
6821,
431,
29907,
1309
] | 1,024 | StackExchange | -1.376797 | -0.283815 | -1.376181 | -0.095118 |
Phenotypic alterations of dendritic cells are involved in suppressive activity of trichosanthin-induced CD8+CD28- regulatory T cells
Baolong Wang, Zhijun Jiao, Xiaoyi Shao, Liming Lu, Neng Yang, Xiaorong Zhou, Lijun Xin, Yun Zhou, Kuang Yen Chou
The nature and differentiation of regulatory CD8+CD28 - T cells are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that native Ag trichosanthin (Tk), a highly purified linear peptide isolated from a Chinese medicinal herb, is able to induce strong suppression of OVA-specific lymphoproliferation at low concentrations via activation of IL-4/IL-10-secreting CD8+CD28- regulatory T cells (Tregs). To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we firstly identified two types of mouse inbred strains, high susceptible (HS) and low susceptible, for the Tk-related suppression. They are H-2d (or H-2b) and H-2k, respectively. The suppression is evoked only if bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BDCs) instead of purified T cells are treated with Tk in an OVA-specific T-BDC interaction. Moreover, a special pattern of cytokine/transcription factors (IL-4 +IL-10+IFN-γ-Gata3+T-bet -) during suppressed OVA-specific T cell proliferation was observed in HS C57BL/6 but not in low-susceptible C3H/He mice. Consistently, the percentage of CD8+ CD28- Tregs preferentially expanded from 5.5 to 26.1% in the presence of Tk, an occurrence that was also detected only in HS C57BL/6 mice. These expanded Tregs were able to induce a strong inhibition of one-way MLCs, which indicated that the Tk-induced hyporeaction and the activation of CD8+CD28- Tregs might be under the influence of different genetic backgrounds. Additionally, obvious alterations of phenotypic parameters of BDCs after Tk stimulation were also identified, including enhanced production of IL-10, decreased secretion of IL-12, and detection of Jagged1, a Notch ligand on BDCs. Collectively, our data suggest that the changed APC-related factors are essential, at least in part, for the activation and differentiation of Tk-induced CD8+CD28- Tregs.
10.4049/jimmunol.0901488
Dive into the research topics of 'Phenotypic alterations of dendritic cells are involved in suppressive activity of trichosanthin-induced CD8+CD28- regulatory T cells'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Trichosanthin Medicine & Life Sciences 100%
Regulatory T-Lymphocytes Medicine & Life Sciences 57%
Dendritic Cells Medicine & Life Sciences 51%
Bone Marrow Medicine & Life Sciences 42%
Interleukin-10 Medicine & Life Sciences 38%
Interleukin-4 Medicine & Life Sciences 26%
Transcription Factor 4 Medicine & Life Sciences 21%
Wang, B., Jiao, Z., Shao, X., Lu, L., Yang, N., Zhou, X., Xin, L., Zhou, Y., & Chou, K. Y. (2010). Phenotypic alterations of dendritic cells are involved in suppressive activity of trichosanthin-induced CD8+CD28- regulatory T cells. Journal of Immunology, 185(1), 79-88. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.0901488
Phenotypic alterations of dendritic cells are involved in suppressive activity of trichosanthin-induced CD8+CD28- regulatory T cells. / Wang, Baolong; Jiao, Zhijun; Shao, Xiaoyi et al.
In: Journal of Immunology, Vol | [
1963,
264,
327,
1478,
293,
10551,
800,
310,
270,
355,
768,
293,
9101,
526,
9701,
297,
21301,
573,
6354,
310,
534,
436,
359,
9716,
262,
29899,
19910,
1133,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
24378,
7606,
323,
9101,
13,
29933,
29874,
324,
549,
23856,
29892,
27134,
823,
348,
435,
29653,
29892,
1060,
423,
12602,
29875,
1383,
6241,
29892,
9628,
292,
3182,
29892,
405,
996,
27583,
29892,
1060,
423,
272,
549,
796,
10774,
29892,
365,
823,
348,
1060,
262,
29892,
612,
348,
796,
10774,
29892,
18185,
574,
612,
264,
678,
283,
13,
1576,
5469,
322,
1422,
11685,
310,
24378,
7606,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
448,
323,
9101,
526,
6460,
368,
11098,
29889,
512,
445,
6559,
29892,
591,
22222,
393,
7531,
4059,
534,
436,
359,
9716,
262,
313,
29911,
29895,
511,
263,
10712,
3708,
2164,
5608,
1236,
415,
680,
23968,
515,
263,
10013,
13589,
979,
902,
29890,
29892,
338,
2221,
304,
9013,
346,
4549,
1462,
23881,
310,
438,
20449,
29899,
14940,
301,
962,
561,
459,
1467,
9633,
362,
472,
4482,
14953,
800,
3025,
26229,
310,
17674,
29899,
29946,
29914,
6227,
29899,
29896,
29900,
29899,
344,
1037,
1259,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
24378,
7606,
323,
9101,
313,
29911,
1727,
29879,
467,
1763,
560,
1682,
333,
403,
278,
14407,
7208,
12903,
29892,
591,
937,
368,
15659,
1023,
4072,
310,
9495,
297,
1030,
29881,
5312,
1144,
29892,
1880,
2858,
1547,
1821,
313,
14851,
29897,
322,
4482,
2858,
1547,
1821,
29892,
363,
278,
323,
29895,
29899,
12817,
1462,
23881,
29889,
2688,
526,
379,
29899,
29906,
29881,
313,
272,
379,
29899,
29906,
29890,
29897,
322,
379,
29899,
29906,
29895,
29892,
8307,
29889,
450,
1462,
23881,
338,
3415,
12504,
871,
565,
289,
650,
1766,
798,
29899,
672,
2347,
270,
355,
768,
293,
9101,
313,
29933,
12696,
29879,
29897,
2012,
310,
3708,
2164,
323,
9101,
526,
14914,
411,
323,
29895,
297,
385,
438,
20449,
29899,
14940,
323,
29899,
29933,
12696,
14881,
29889,
12808,
29892,
263,
4266,
4766,
310,
5094,
17082,
457,
29914,
3286,
3395,
13879,
313,
6227,
29899,
29946,
718,
6227,
29899,
29896,
29900,
29974,
6545,
29940,
29899,
30197,
29899,
29954,
532,
29941,
29974,
29911,
29899,
6878,
448,
29897,
2645,
21301,
287,
438,
20449,
29899,
14940,
323,
3038,
410,
29880,
9633,
362,
471,
8900,
297,
379,
29903,
315,
29945,
29955,
13367,
29914,
29953,
541,
451,
297,
4482,
29899,
29879,
375,
1547,
1821,
315,
29941,
29950,
29914,
3868,
286,
625,
29889,
2138,
391,
2705,
29892,
278,
19649,
310,
7307,
29947,
29974,
7307,
29906,
29947,
29899,
323,
1727,
29879,
5821,
9247,
17832,
515,
29871,
29945,
29889,
29945,
304,
29871,
29906,
29953,
29889,
29896,
29995,
297,
278,
10122,
310,
323,
29895,
29892,
385,
27170,
393,
471,
884,
17809,
871,
297,
379,
29903,
315,
29945,
29955,
13367,
29914,
29953,
286,
625,
29889,
4525,
17832,
323,
1727,
29879,
892,
2221,
304,
9013,
346,
263,
4549,
297,
6335,
654,
310,
697,
29899,
1582,
341,
12182,
29879,
29892,
607,
18694,
393,
278,
323,
29895,
29899,
19910,
1133,
10163,
487,
2467,
322,
278,
26229,
310,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
323,
1727,
29879,
1795,
367,
1090,
278,
9949,
310,
1422,
2531,
7492,
3239,
29879,
29889,
19814,
29892,
6924,
10551,
800,
310,
17292,
327,
1478,
293,
4128,
310,
350,
12696,
29879,
1156,
323,
29895,
20436,
2785,
892,
884,
15659,
29892,
3704,
427,
29308,
5802,
310,
17674,
29899,
29896,
29900,
29892,
9263,
1463,
7035,
291,
310,
17674,
29899,
29896,
29906,
29892,
322,
15326,
310,
24423,
3192,
29896,
29892,
263,
2216,
305,
14172,
392,
373,
350,
12696,
29879,
29889,
24930,
3598,
29892,
1749,
848,
4368,
393,
278,
3939,
319,
9026,
29899,
12817,
13879,
526,
18853,
29892,
472,
3203,
297,
760,
29892,
363,
278,
26229,
322,
1422,
11685,
310,
323,
29895,
29899,
19910,
1133,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
323,
1727,
29879,
29889,
13,
29896,
29900,
29889,
29946,
29900,
29946,
29929,
29914,
29926,
6727,
348,
324,
29889,
29900,
29929,
29900,
29896,
29946,
29947,
29947,
13,
29928,
573,
964,
278,
5925,
23820,
310,
525,
29925,
3169,
327,
1478,
293,
10551,
800,
310,
270,
355,
768,
293,
9101,
526,
9701,
297,
21301,
573,
6354,
310,
534,
436,
359,
9716,
262,
29899,
19910,
1133,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
24378,
7606,
323,
9101,
4286,
323,
12966,
896,
883,
263,
5412,
19917,
2158,
29889,
13,
2308,
436,
359,
9716,
262,
27529,
669,
4634,
17253,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
29995,
13,
4597,
352,
7606,
323,
29899,
29931,
962,
561,
22502,
2167,
27529,
669,
4634,
17253,
29871,
29945,
29955,
29995,
13,
29928,
355,
768,
293,
315,
10071,
27529,
669,
4634,
17253,
29871,
29945,
29896,
29995,
13,
29933,
650,
1085,
798,
27529,
669,
4634,
17253,
29871,
29946,
29906,
29995,
13,
4074,
280,
2679,
262,
29899,
29896,
29900,
27529,
669,
4634,
17253,
29871,
29941,
29947,
29995,
13,
4074,
280,
2679,
262,
29899,
29946,
27529,
669,
4634,
17253,
29871,
29906,
29953,
29995,
13,
4300,
3395,
383,
7168,
29871,
29946,
27529,
669,
4634,
17253,
29871,
29906,
29896,
29995,
13,
29956,
574,
29892,
350,
1696,
435,
29653,
29892,
796,
1696,
1383,
6241,
29892,
1060,
1696,
3182,
29892,
365,
1696,
27583,
29892,
405,
1696,
796,
10774,
29892,
1060,
1696,
1060,
262,
29892,
365,
1696,
796,
10774,
29892,
612,
1696,
669,
678,
283,
29892,
476,
29889,
612,
29889,
313,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29900,
467,
1963,
264,
327,
1478,
293,
10551,
800,
310,
270,
355,
768,
293,
9101,
526,
9701,
297,
21301,
573,
6354,
310,
534,
436,
359,
9716,
262,
29899,
19910,
1133,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
24378,
7606,
323,
9101,
29889,
8237,
310,
1954,
24579,
3002,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29945,
29898,
29896,
511,
29871,
29955,
29929,
29899,
29947,
29947,
29889,
2045,
597,
1867,
29875,
29889,
990,
29914,
29896,
29900,
29889,
29946,
29900,
29946,
29929,
29914,
29926,
6727,
348,
324,
29889,
29900,
29929,
29900,
29896,
29946,
29947,
29947,
13,
29925,
3169,
327,
1478,
293,
10551,
800,
310,
270,
355,
768,
293,
9101,
526,
9701,
297,
21301,
573,
6354,
310,
534,
436,
359,
9716,
262,
29899,
19910,
1133,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
24378,
7606,
323,
9101,
29889,
847,
23856,
29892,
6000,
324,
549,
29936,
435,
29653,
29892,
27134,
823,
348,
29936,
1383,
6241,
29892,
1060,
423,
12602,
29875,
634,
394,
29889,
13,
797,
29901,
8237,
310,
1954,
24579,
3002,
29892,
3684
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -0.396277 | 1.500883 | 0.44394 | 0.572736 |
. 185, No. 1, 01.07.2010, p. 79-88.
Wang, B, Jiao, Z, Shao, X, Lu, L, Yang, N, Zhou, X, Xin, L, Zhou, Y & Chou, KY 2010, 'Phenotypic alterations of dendritic cells are involved in suppressive activity of trichosanthin-induced CD8+CD28- regulatory T cells', Journal of Immunology, vol. 185, no. 1, pp. 79-88. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.0901488
Wang B, Jiao Z, Shao X, Lu L, Yang N, Zhou X et al. Phenotypic alterations of dendritic cells are involved in suppressive activity of trichosanthin-induced CD8+CD28- regulatory T cells. Journal of Immunology. 2010 Jul 1;185(1):79-88. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901488
Wang, Baolong ; Jiao, Zhijun ; Shao, Xiaoyi et al. / Phenotypic alterations of dendritic cells are involved in suppressive activity of trichosanthin-induced CD8+CD28- regulatory T cells. In: Journal of Immunology. 2010 ; Vol. 185, No. 1. pp. 79-88.
@article{a85a477613dc4cbc9dd6fab7e6e22032,
title = "Phenotypic alterations of dendritic cells are involved in suppressive activity of trichosanthin-induced CD8+CD28- regulatory T cells",
abstract = "The nature and differentiation of regulatory CD8+CD28 - T cells are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that native Ag trichosanthin (Tk), a highly purified linear peptide isolated from a Chinese medicinal herb, is able to induce strong suppression of OVA-specific lymphoproliferation at low concentrations via activation of IL-4/IL-10-secreting CD8+CD28- regulatory T cells (Tregs). To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we firstly identified two types of mouse inbred strains, high susceptible (HS) and low susceptible, for the Tk-related suppression. They are H-2d (or H-2b) and H-2k, respectively. The suppression is evoked only if bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BDCs) instead of purified T cells are treated with Tk in an OVA-specific T-BDC interaction. Moreover, a special pattern of cytokine/transcription factors (IL-4 +IL-10+IFN-γ-Gata3+T-bet -) during suppressed OVA-specific T cell proliferation was observed in HS C57BL/6 but not in low-susceptible C3H/He mice. Consistently, the percentage of CD8+ CD28- Tregs preferentially expanded from 5.5 to 26.1% in the presence of Tk, an occurrence that was also detected only in HS C57BL/6 mice. These expanded Tregs were able to induce a strong inhibition of one-way MLCs, which indicated that the Tk-induced hyporeaction and the activation of CD8+CD28- Tregs might be under the influence of different genetic backgrounds. Additionally, obvious alterations of phenotypic parameters of BDCs after Tk stimulation were also identified, including enhanced production of IL-10, decreased secretion of IL-12, and detection of Jagged1, a Notch ligand on BDCs. Collectively, our data suggest that the changed APC-related factors are essential, at least in part, for the activation and differentiation of Tk-induced CD8+CD28- Tregs.",
author = "Baolong Wang and Zhijun Jiao and Xiaoyi Sh | [
29889,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29945,
29892,
1939,
29889,
29871,
29896,
29892,
29871,
29900,
29896,
29889,
29900,
29955,
29889,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29900,
29892,
282,
29889,
29871,
29955,
29929,
29899,
29947,
29947,
29889,
13,
29956,
574,
29892,
350,
29892,
435,
29653,
29892,
796,
29892,
1383,
6241,
29892,
1060,
29892,
3182,
29892,
365,
29892,
27583,
29892,
405,
29892,
796,
10774,
29892,
1060,
29892,
1060,
262,
29892,
365,
29892,
796,
10774,
29892,
612,
669,
678,
283,
29892,
476,
29979,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29900,
29892,
525,
29925,
3169,
327,
1478,
293,
10551,
800,
310,
270,
355,
768,
293,
9101,
526,
9701,
297,
21301,
573,
6354,
310,
534,
436,
359,
9716,
262,
29899,
19910,
1133,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
24378,
7606,
323,
9101,
742,
8237,
310,
1954,
24579,
3002,
29892,
1700,
29889,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29945,
29892,
694,
29889,
29871,
29896,
29892,
6499,
29889,
29871,
29955,
29929,
29899,
29947,
29947,
29889,
2045,
597,
1867,
29875,
29889,
990,
29914,
29896,
29900,
29889,
29946,
29900,
29946,
29929,
29914,
29926,
6727,
348,
324,
29889,
29900,
29929,
29900,
29896,
29946,
29947,
29947,
13,
29956,
574,
350,
29892,
435,
29653,
796,
29892,
1383,
6241,
1060,
29892,
3182,
365,
29892,
27583,
405,
29892,
796,
10774,
1060,
634,
394,
29889,
1963,
264,
327,
1478,
293,
10551,
800,
310,
270,
355,
768,
293,
9101,
526,
9701,
297,
21301,
573,
6354,
310,
534,
436,
359,
9716,
262,
29899,
19910,
1133,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
24378,
7606,
323,
9101,
29889,
8237,
310,
1954,
24579,
3002,
29889,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29900,
2739,
29871,
29896,
29936,
29896,
29947,
29945,
29898,
29896,
1125,
29955,
29929,
29899,
29947,
29947,
29889,
13102,
29901,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29889,
29946,
29900,
29946,
29929,
29914,
29926,
6727,
348,
324,
29889,
29900,
29929,
29900,
29896,
29946,
29947,
29947,
13,
29956,
574,
29892,
6000,
324,
549,
2056,
435,
29653,
29892,
27134,
823,
348,
2056,
1383,
6241,
29892,
1060,
423,
12602,
29875,
634,
394,
29889,
847,
1963,
264,
327,
1478,
293,
10551,
800,
310,
270,
355,
768,
293,
9101,
526,
9701,
297,
21301,
573,
6354,
310,
534,
436,
359,
9716,
262,
29899,
19910,
1133,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
24378,
7606,
323,
9101,
29889,
512,
29901,
8237,
310,
1954,
24579,
3002,
29889,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29900,
2056,
3684,
29889,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29945,
29892,
1939,
29889,
29871,
29896,
29889,
6499,
29889,
29871,
29955,
29929,
29899,
29947,
29947,
29889,
13,
29992,
7914,
29912,
29874,
29947,
29945,
29874,
29946,
29955,
29955,
29953,
29896,
29941,
13891,
29946,
10702,
29883,
29929,
1289,
29953,
16582,
29955,
29872,
29953,
29872,
29906,
29906,
29900,
29941,
29906,
29892,
13,
3257,
353,
376,
29925,
3169,
327,
1478,
293,
10551,
800,
310,
270,
355,
768,
293,
9101,
526,
9701,
297,
21301,
573,
6354,
310,
534,
436,
359,
9716,
262,
29899,
19910,
1133,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
24378,
7606,
323,
9101,
613,
13,
16595,
353,
376,
1576,
5469,
322,
1422,
11685,
310,
24378,
7606,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
448,
323,
9101,
526,
6460,
368,
11098,
29889,
512,
445,
6559,
29892,
591,
22222,
393,
7531,
4059,
534,
436,
359,
9716,
262,
313,
29911,
29895,
511,
263,
10712,
3708,
2164,
5608,
1236,
415,
680,
23968,
515,
263,
10013,
13589,
979,
902,
29890,
29892,
338,
2221,
304,
9013,
346,
4549,
1462,
23881,
310,
438,
20449,
29899,
14940,
301,
962,
561,
459,
1467,
9633,
362,
472,
4482,
14953,
800,
3025,
26229,
310,
17674,
29899,
29946,
29914,
6227,
29899,
29896,
29900,
29899,
344,
1037,
1259,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
24378,
7606,
323,
9101,
313,
29911,
1727,
29879,
467,
1763,
560,
1682,
333,
403,
278,
14407,
7208,
12903,
29892,
591,
937,
368,
15659,
1023,
4072,
310,
9495,
297,
1030,
29881,
5312,
1144,
29892,
1880,
2858,
1547,
1821,
313,
14851,
29897,
322,
4482,
2858,
1547,
1821,
29892,
363,
278,
323,
29895,
29899,
12817,
1462,
23881,
29889,
2688,
526,
379,
29899,
29906,
29881,
313,
272,
379,
29899,
29906,
29890,
29897,
322,
379,
29899,
29906,
29895,
29892,
8307,
29889,
450,
1462,
23881,
338,
3415,
12504,
871,
565,
289,
650,
1766,
798,
29899,
672,
2347,
270,
355,
768,
293,
9101,
313,
29933,
12696,
29879,
29897,
2012,
310,
3708,
2164,
323,
9101,
526,
14914,
411,
323,
29895,
297,
385,
438,
20449,
29899,
14940,
323,
29899,
29933,
12696,
14881,
29889,
12808,
29892,
263,
4266,
4766,
310,
5094,
17082,
457,
29914,
3286,
3395,
13879,
313,
6227,
29899,
29946,
718,
6227,
29899,
29896,
29900,
29974,
6545,
29940,
29899,
30197,
29899,
29954,
532,
29941,
29974,
29911,
29899,
6878,
448,
29897,
2645,
21301,
287,
438,
20449,
29899,
14940,
323,
3038,
410,
29880,
9633,
362,
471,
8900,
297,
379,
29903,
315,
29945,
29955,
13367,
29914,
29953,
541,
451,
297,
4482,
29899,
29879,
375,
1547,
1821,
315,
29941,
29950,
29914,
3868,
286,
625,
29889,
2138,
391,
2705,
29892,
278,
19649,
310,
7307,
29947,
29974,
7307,
29906,
29947,
29899,
323,
1727,
29879,
5821,
9247,
17832,
515,
29871,
29945,
29889,
29945,
304,
29871,
29906,
29953,
29889,
29896,
29995,
297,
278,
10122,
310,
323,
29895,
29892,
385,
27170,
393,
471,
884,
17809,
871,
297,
379,
29903,
315,
29945,
29955,
13367,
29914,
29953,
286,
625,
29889,
4525,
17832,
323,
1727,
29879,
892,
2221,
304,
9013,
346,
263,
4549,
297,
6335,
654,
310,
697,
29899,
1582,
341,
12182,
29879,
29892,
607,
18694,
393,
278,
323,
29895,
29899,
19910,
1133,
10163,
487,
2467,
322,
278,
26229,
310,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
323,
1727,
29879,
1795,
367,
1090,
278,
9949,
310,
1422,
2531,
7492,
3239,
29879,
29889,
19814,
29892,
6924,
10551,
800,
310,
17292,
327,
1478,
293,
4128,
310,
350,
12696,
29879,
1156,
323,
29895,
20436,
2785,
892,
884,
15659,
29892,
3704,
427,
29308,
5802,
310,
17674,
29899,
29896,
29900,
29892,
9263,
1463,
7035,
291,
310,
17674,
29899,
29896,
29906,
29892,
322,
15326,
310,
24423,
3192,
29896,
29892,
263,
2216,
305,
14172,
392,
373,
350,
12696,
29879,
29889,
24930,
3598,
29892,
1749,
848,
4368,
393,
278,
3939,
319,
9026,
29899,
12817,
13879,
526,
18853,
29892,
472,
3203,
297,
760,
29892,
363,
278,
26229,
322,
1422,
11685,
310,
323,
29895,
29899,
19910,
1133,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
323,
1727,
29879,
19602,
13,
8921,
353,
376,
29933,
29874,
324,
549,
23856,
322,
27134,
823,
348,
435,
29653,
322,
1060,
423,
12602,
29875,
1383
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -0.685984 | 1.204988 | -0.09044 | 0.058406 |
ao and Liming Lu and Neng Yang and Xiaorong Zhou and Lijun Xin and Yun Zhou and Chou, {Kuang Yen}",
doi = "10.4049/jimmunol.0901488",
journal = "Journal of Immunology",
publisher = "American Association of Immunologists",
T1 - Phenotypic alterations of dendritic cells are involved in suppressive activity of trichosanthin-induced CD8+CD28- regulatory T cells
AU - Wang, Baolong
AU - Jiao, Zhijun
AU - Shao, Xiaoyi
AU - Lu, Liming
AU - Yang, Neng
AU - Zhou, Xiaorong
AU - Xin, Lijun
AU - Zhou, Yun
AU - Chou, Kuang Yen
N2 - The nature and differentiation of regulatory CD8+CD28 - T cells are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that native Ag trichosanthin (Tk), a highly purified linear peptide isolated from a Chinese medicinal herb, is able to induce strong suppression of OVA-specific lymphoproliferation at low concentrations via activation of IL-4/IL-10-secreting CD8+CD28- regulatory T cells (Tregs). To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we firstly identified two types of mouse inbred strains, high susceptible (HS) and low susceptible, for the Tk-related suppression. They are H-2d (or H-2b) and H-2k, respectively. The suppression is evoked only if bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BDCs) instead of purified T cells are treated with Tk in an OVA-specific T-BDC interaction. Moreover, a special pattern of cytokine/transcription factors (IL-4 +IL-10+IFN-γ-Gata3+T-bet -) during suppressed OVA-specific T cell proliferation was observed in HS C57BL/6 but not in low-susceptible C3H/He mice. Consistently, the percentage of CD8+ CD28- Tregs preferentially expanded from 5.5 to 26.1% in the presence of Tk, an occurrence that was also detected only in HS C57BL/6 mice. These expanded Tregs were able to induce a strong inhibition of one-way MLCs, which indicated that the Tk-induced hyporeaction and the activation of CD8+CD28- Tregs might be under the influence of different genetic backgrounds. Additionally, obvious alterations of phenotypic parameters of BDCs after Tk stimulation were also identified, including enhanced production of IL-10, decreased secretion of IL-12, and detection of Jagged1, a Notch ligand on BDCs. Collectively, our data suggest that the changed APC-related factors are essential, at least in part, for the activation and differentiation of Tk-induced CD8+CD28- Tregs.
AB - The nature and differentiation of regulatory CD8+CD28 - T cells are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that native Ag trichosanthin (Tk), a highly purified linear peptide isolated from a Chinese medicinal herb, is able to induce strong suppression of OVA-specific lymphoproliferation at low concentrations via activation of IL-4/IL-10-secreting CD8+CD28- regulatory T cells (Tregs). To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we firstly identified two types of mouse inbred strains, high susceptible (HS) and low susceptible, for the Tk-related suppression. They are H-2d (or H-2b) and H-2k, respectively. The suppression is evoked only if bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BDCs) instead of purified T cells are treated with Tk in an OVA-specific T-BDC interaction. Moreover, a special pattern of cytokine/transcription factors (IL-4 +IL-10+IFN-γ-Gata3+T-bet -) during suppressed OVA-specific T cell proliferation | [
6241,
322,
9628,
292,
3182,
322,
405,
996,
27583,
322,
1060,
423,
272,
549,
796,
10774,
322,
365,
823,
348,
1060,
262,
322,
612,
348,
796,
10774,
322,
678,
283,
29892,
426,
29968,
29884,
574,
612,
264,
17671,
13,
1867,
29875,
353,
376,
29896,
29900,
29889,
29946,
29900,
29946,
29929,
29914,
29926,
6727,
348,
324,
29889,
29900,
29929,
29900,
29896,
29946,
29947,
29947,
613,
13,
29926,
4659,
353,
376,
29967,
4659,
310,
1954,
24579,
3002,
613,
13,
23679,
261,
353,
376,
14689,
7993,
310,
1954,
24579,
1189,
2879,
613,
13,
29911,
29896,
448,
1963,
264,
327,
1478,
293,
10551,
800,
310,
270,
355,
768,
293,
9101,
526,
9701,
297,
21301,
573,
6354,
310,
534,
436,
359,
9716,
262,
29899,
19910,
1133,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
24378,
7606,
323,
9101,
13,
25951,
448,
23856,
29892,
6000,
324,
549,
13,
25951,
448,
435,
29653,
29892,
27134,
823,
348,
13,
25951,
448,
1383,
6241,
29892,
1060,
423,
12602,
29875,
13,
25951,
448,
3182,
29892,
9628,
292,
13,
25951,
448,
27583,
29892,
405,
996,
13,
25951,
448,
796,
10774,
29892,
1060,
423,
272,
549,
13,
25951,
448,
1060,
262,
29892,
365,
823,
348,
13,
25951,
448,
796,
10774,
29892,
612,
348,
13,
25951,
448,
678,
283,
29892,
18185,
574,
612,
264,
13,
29940,
29906,
448,
450,
5469,
322,
1422,
11685,
310,
24378,
7606,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
448,
323,
9101,
526,
6460,
368,
11098,
29889,
512,
445,
6559,
29892,
591,
22222,
393,
7531,
4059,
534,
436,
359,
9716,
262,
313,
29911,
29895,
511,
263,
10712,
3708,
2164,
5608,
1236,
415,
680,
23968,
515,
263,
10013,
13589,
979,
902,
29890,
29892,
338,
2221,
304,
9013,
346,
4549,
1462,
23881,
310,
438,
20449,
29899,
14940,
301,
962,
561,
459,
1467,
9633,
362,
472,
4482,
14953,
800,
3025,
26229,
310,
17674,
29899,
29946,
29914,
6227,
29899,
29896,
29900,
29899,
344,
1037,
1259,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
24378,
7606,
323,
9101,
313,
29911,
1727,
29879,
467,
1763,
560,
1682,
333,
403,
278,
14407,
7208,
12903,
29892,
591,
937,
368,
15659,
1023,
4072,
310,
9495,
297,
1030,
29881,
5312,
1144,
29892,
1880,
2858,
1547,
1821,
313,
14851,
29897,
322,
4482,
2858,
1547,
1821,
29892,
363,
278,
323,
29895,
29899,
12817,
1462,
23881,
29889,
2688,
526,
379,
29899,
29906,
29881,
313,
272,
379,
29899,
29906,
29890,
29897,
322,
379,
29899,
29906,
29895,
29892,
8307,
29889,
450,
1462,
23881,
338,
3415,
12504,
871,
565,
289,
650,
1766,
798,
29899,
672,
2347,
270,
355,
768,
293,
9101,
313,
29933,
12696,
29879,
29897,
2012,
310,
3708,
2164,
323,
9101,
526,
14914,
411,
323,
29895,
297,
385,
438,
20449,
29899,
14940,
323,
29899,
29933,
12696,
14881,
29889,
12808,
29892,
263,
4266,
4766,
310,
5094,
17082,
457,
29914,
3286,
3395,
13879,
313,
6227,
29899,
29946,
718,
6227,
29899,
29896,
29900,
29974,
6545,
29940,
29899,
30197,
29899,
29954,
532,
29941,
29974,
29911,
29899,
6878,
448,
29897,
2645,
21301,
287,
438,
20449,
29899,
14940,
323,
3038,
410,
29880,
9633,
362,
471,
8900,
297,
379,
29903,
315,
29945,
29955,
13367,
29914,
29953,
541,
451,
297,
4482,
29899,
29879,
375,
1547,
1821,
315,
29941,
29950,
29914,
3868,
286,
625,
29889,
2138,
391,
2705,
29892,
278,
19649,
310,
7307,
29947,
29974,
7307,
29906,
29947,
29899,
323,
1727,
29879,
5821,
9247,
17832,
515,
29871,
29945,
29889,
29945,
304,
29871,
29906,
29953,
29889,
29896,
29995,
297,
278,
10122,
310,
323,
29895,
29892,
385,
27170,
393,
471,
884,
17809,
871,
297,
379,
29903,
315,
29945,
29955,
13367,
29914,
29953,
286,
625,
29889,
4525,
17832,
323,
1727,
29879,
892,
2221,
304,
9013,
346,
263,
4549,
297,
6335,
654,
310,
697,
29899,
1582,
341,
12182,
29879,
29892,
607,
18694,
393,
278,
323,
29895,
29899,
19910,
1133,
10163,
487,
2467,
322,
278,
26229,
310,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
323,
1727,
29879,
1795,
367,
1090,
278,
9949,
310,
1422,
2531,
7492,
3239,
29879,
29889,
19814,
29892,
6924,
10551,
800,
310,
17292,
327,
1478,
293,
4128,
310,
350,
12696,
29879,
1156,
323,
29895,
20436,
2785,
892,
884,
15659,
29892,
3704,
427,
29308,
5802,
310,
17674,
29899,
29896,
29900,
29892,
9263,
1463,
7035,
291,
310,
17674,
29899,
29896,
29906,
29892,
322,
15326,
310,
24423,
3192,
29896,
29892,
263,
2216,
305,
14172,
392,
373,
350,
12696,
29879,
29889,
24930,
3598,
29892,
1749,
848,
4368,
393,
278,
3939,
319,
9026,
29899,
12817,
13879,
526,
18853,
29892,
472,
3203,
297,
760,
29892,
363,
278,
26229,
322,
1422,
11685,
310,
323,
29895,
29899,
19910,
1133,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
323,
1727,
29879,
29889,
13,
2882,
448,
450,
5469,
322,
1422,
11685,
310,
24378,
7606,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
448,
323,
9101,
526,
6460,
368,
11098,
29889,
512,
445,
6559,
29892,
591,
22222,
393,
7531,
4059,
534,
436,
359,
9716,
262,
313,
29911,
29895,
511,
263,
10712,
3708,
2164,
5608,
1236,
415,
680,
23968,
515,
263,
10013,
13589,
979,
902,
29890,
29892,
338,
2221,
304,
9013,
346,
4549,
1462,
23881,
310,
438,
20449,
29899,
14940,
301,
962,
561,
459,
1467,
9633,
362,
472,
4482,
14953,
800,
3025,
26229,
310,
17674,
29899,
29946,
29914,
6227,
29899,
29896,
29900,
29899,
344,
1037,
1259,
7307,
29947,
29974,
6530,
29906,
29947,
29899,
24378,
7606,
323,
9101,
313,
29911,
1727,
29879,
467,
1763,
560,
1682,
333,
403,
278,
14407,
7208,
12903,
29892,
591,
937,
368,
15659,
1023,
4072,
310,
9495,
297,
1030,
29881,
5312,
1144,
29892,
1880,
2858,
1547,
1821,
313,
14851,
29897,
322,
4482,
2858,
1547,
1821,
29892,
363,
278,
323,
29895,
29899,
12817,
1462,
23881,
29889,
2688,
526,
379,
29899,
29906,
29881,
313,
272,
379,
29899,
29906,
29890,
29897,
322,
379,
29899,
29906,
29895,
29892,
8307,
29889,
450,
1462,
23881,
338,
3415,
12504,
871,
565,
289,
650,
1766,
798,
29899,
672,
2347,
270,
355,
768,
293,
9101,
313,
29933,
12696,
29879,
29897,
2012,
310,
3708,
2164,
323,
9101,
526,
14914,
411,
323,
29895,
297,
385,
438,
20449,
29899,
14940,
323,
29899,
29933,
12696,
14881,
29889,
12808,
29892,
263,
4266,
4766,
310,
5094,
17082,
457,
29914,
3286,
3395,
13879,
313,
6227,
29899,
29946,
718,
6227,
29899,
29896,
29900,
29974,
6545,
29940,
29899,
30197,
29899,
29954,
532,
29941,
29974,
29911,
29899,
6878,
448,
29897,
2645,
21301,
287,
438,
20449,
29899,
14940,
323,
3038,
410,
29880,
9633,
362
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -0.372163 | 1.371104 | 0.267308 | 0.648629 |
← Is Puma Doing A Chanel?
Two Of A Kind: Flounce To Trounce →
This Power Pairing (Updated)
Streetwear biggie Supreme and Japanese designer powerhouse Comme des Garçons collaborate and the world goes mad
By Ray Zhang
Frankly, I don't quite get Supreme. Perhaps it's because I am more of a Palace guy. But it's Supreme we're talking about, so let's stick to the label that always makes me think of a particular Motown girl group. Let me admit: I am a bit of an authenticity snob. I like streetwear labels to stay close to the street, and I don't mean Avenue des Champs-Élysées. Yes, I am referring to Supreme dipping into the high fashion pond fed by the head water Louis Vuitton.
What was once skater kids' go-to label, Supreme is now, to me, a lackey of luxury. LV is going to sell loads of that bag, the Supreme box-logo alive as a Speedy or could that be the Keepall—entirely bleeding red and screaming. But does that make Supreme more desirable? Unless, of course, they're not so pleasing to begin with. Still, it's Louis Vuitton as partner, which means the goods end up on rich kids with no taste than on cool kids with edge. While GQ gleefully calls it "a collaboration of dreams", for real fashion folks, this sort of high-low partnership is somewhat—and sadly—déclassé.
My first (and belated) encounter with Supreme was in Tokyo last summer in its Shibuya store, situated in the hipster neighbourhood of Jinnan. It was a disappointment so huge I was totally consumed by it. Perhaps it was because Supreme was my last stop in the area that is home to some of the most exciting retail concepts in the whole of Asia, such as the indescribable WARE-mo-KOU and the always intriguing Beams. I was quite intoxicated with seeing so many things I do not get to see here—to the point that a glimpse of plain tees with some mindless graphic on the chest was like being smothered with chloroform.
Supreme is in a side street with nothing but its own silent company. The façade is a concrete sea with the familiar red logo afloat like a life buoy in the ocean. It was close to sun down when I arrived and the coveted logo was illuminated by two lamps above it in such a way that the light formed a heart-shaped halo around it. The exterior hints at a minimalist interior and, true enough, it was a space as plain as a warehouse, save a blue, Sphinx-like creature prostrated right in the middle of the shop. The clothes were on racks that were lined up against the walls. I flipped through the mainly T-shirts and thought how much nicer Stussy in Daikanyama was. The Supreme store was empty except for a Thai couple who was buying the 3-in-1 pack of Supreme/Hanes Tagless Tee.
So what does it mean when Supreme now pairs with Comme des Garçons, the label that, in less than a month, will be saluted at the Met Gala, the prelude to this year's spring exhibition Art of In-Between? Okay, I am conflicted with this one. I am tempted to say that Comme des Garçons deserves more. The label does not need to validate itself with this alignment. No one will go to the Metropolitan Museum to see the streetwear adjunct of Japan's leading designer brand. To be sure, this is not the main CDG line at work. It's the sub-brand Comme des Garçons Shirt, which, in part, sometimes has a whiff of street sensibility. Still, CDG will not be less desirable if it does not adopt something so blatant as sharing Supreme's name. After all, it's has Gosha Rubchinskiy in its stable of brands.
But, I know better. This is really a commercial venture, as much to elevate the CDG brand as making Dover Street Market, where the collab will be available, an attractive emporium for another group of wealthy consumers with pretensions to skate style. Supreme and CDG have been partners since 2012, when both came together to produce a capsule for the opening | [
29871,
30245,
1317,
349,
10859,
1938,
292,
319,
678,
3870,
29973,
13,
13985,
4587,
319,
13187,
29901,
2379,
21543,
1763,
1605,
21543,
10309,
13,
4013,
9206,
349,
1466,
292,
313,
29248,
29897,
13,
855,
4521,
705,
279,
4802,
12053,
22569,
322,
10369,
23383,
3081,
8697,
422,
1004,
553,
7455,
30019,
787,
11465,
403,
322,
278,
3186,
5771,
10395,
13,
2059,
9596,
796,
11895,
13,
7675,
29895,
368,
29892,
306,
1016,
29915,
29873,
3755,
679,
22569,
29889,
11637,
372,
29915,
29879,
1363,
306,
626,
901,
310,
263,
24537,
1410,
29891,
29889,
1205,
372,
29915,
29879,
22569,
591,
29915,
276,
9963,
1048,
29892,
577,
1235,
29915,
29879,
12070,
304,
278,
3858,
393,
2337,
3732,
592,
1348,
310,
263,
3153,
7142,
776,
7826,
2318,
29889,
2803,
592,
20000,
29901,
306,
626,
263,
2586,
310,
385,
15585,
537,
5807,
711,
29889,
306,
763,
11952,
705,
279,
11073,
304,
7952,
3802,
304,
278,
11952,
29892,
322,
306,
1016,
29915,
29873,
2099,
18874,
553,
13749,
567,
29899,
30062,
368,
29879,
2406,
29889,
3869,
29892,
306,
626,
16811,
304,
22569,
652,
3262,
964,
278,
1880,
13460,
282,
898,
21242,
491,
278,
2343,
4094,
5899,
478,
3121,
880,
29889,
13,
5618,
471,
2748,
2071,
1008,
413,
4841,
29915,
748,
29899,
517,
3858,
29892,
22569,
338,
1286,
29892,
304,
592,
29892,
263,
10225,
1032,
310,
21684,
2857,
29889,
365,
29963,
338,
2675,
304,
19417,
15376,
310,
393,
19548,
29892,
278,
22569,
3800,
29899,
14569,
18758,
408,
263,
5013,
7584,
470,
1033,
393,
367,
278,
19152,
497,
30003,
296,
533,
368,
10767,
21219,
2654,
322,
885,
1633,
292,
29889,
1205,
947,
393,
1207,
22569,
901,
553,
27797,
29973,
25870,
29892,
310,
3236,
29892,
896,
29915,
276,
451,
577,
5644,
5832,
304,
3380,
411,
29889,
12074,
29892,
372,
29915,
29879,
5899,
478,
3121,
880,
408,
18096,
29892,
607,
2794,
278,
22535,
1095,
701,
373,
8261,
413,
4841,
411,
694,
21779,
1135,
373,
12528,
413,
4841,
411,
7636,
29889,
5806,
402,
29984,
330,
17179,
3730,
5717,
372,
376,
29874,
24771,
310,
12561,
29879,
613,
363,
1855,
13460,
900,
2039,
29892,
445,
2656,
310,
1880,
29899,
677,
22056,
4034,
338,
10579,
30003,
392,
14610,
368,
30003,
29881,
29948,
1990,
29948,
29889,
13,
3421,
937,
313,
392,
1339,
630,
29897,
11735,
411,
22569,
471,
297,
20377,
1833,
11801,
297,
967,
1383,
747,
29884,
3761,
3787,
29892,
24046,
297,
278,
21464,
2475,
29643,
310,
435,
2559,
273,
29889,
739,
471,
263,
23451,
358,
577,
12176,
306,
471,
14909,
11233,
287,
491,
372,
29889,
11637,
372,
471,
1363,
22569,
471,
590,
1833,
5040,
297,
278,
4038,
393,
338,
3271,
304,
777,
310,
278,
1556,
5566,
11407,
3240,
737,
22001,
297,
278,
3353,
310,
14325,
29892,
1316,
408,
278,
1399,
267,
699,
29890,
519,
399,
29909,
1525,
29899,
4346,
29899,
29968,
27269,
322,
278,
2337,
11158,
5526,
292,
1522,
2232,
29889,
306,
471,
3755,
964,
27375,
630,
411,
8790,
577,
1784,
2712,
306,
437,
451,
679,
304,
1074,
1244,
30003,
517,
278,
1298,
393,
263,
330,
12552,
344,
310,
8656,
734,
267,
411,
777,
3458,
2222,
3983,
293,
373,
278,
521,
342,
471,
763,
1641,
1560,
1228,
287,
411,
521,
5095,
29877,
689,
29889,
13,
29903,
786,
10291,
338,
297,
263,
2625,
11952,
411,
3078,
541,
967,
1914,
17436,
5001,
29889,
450,
2258,
30019,
1943,
338,
263,
18387,
7205,
411,
278,
9985,
2654,
20194,
2511,
3071,
763,
263,
2834,
1321,
12602,
297,
278,
23474,
29889,
739,
471,
3802,
304,
6575,
1623,
746,
306,
11977,
322,
278,
18838,
300,
287,
20194,
471,
4486,
9735,
630,
491,
1023,
301,
15092,
2038,
372,
297,
1316,
263,
982,
393,
278,
3578,
8429,
263,
5192,
29899,
845,
10501,
298,
7003,
2820,
372,
29889,
450,
25591,
26085,
472,
263,
13114,
391,
13290,
322,
29892,
1565,
3307,
29892,
372,
471,
263,
2913,
408,
8656,
408,
263,
281,
598,
8697,
29892,
4078,
263,
7254,
29892,
317,
561,
14668,
29899,
4561,
23940,
410,
710,
630,
1492,
297,
278,
7256,
310,
278,
18296,
29889,
450,
22095,
892,
373,
1153,
4684,
393,
892,
301,
1312,
701,
2750,
278,
14603,
29889,
306,
285,
492,
2986,
1549,
278,
14364,
323,
29899,
845,
381,
1372,
322,
2714,
920,
1568,
16588,
261,
624,
1558,
29891,
297,
7266,
638,
1384,
3304,
471,
29889,
450,
22569,
3787,
471,
4069,
5174,
363,
263,
498,
1794,
7303,
1058,
471,
1321,
5414,
278,
29871,
29941,
29899,
262,
29899,
29896,
4870,
310,
22569,
29914,
29950,
17297,
10522,
2222,
1920,
29872,
29889,
13,
6295,
825,
947,
372,
2099,
746,
22569,
1286,
11000,
411,
422,
1004,
553,
7455,
30019,
787,
29892,
278,
3858,
393,
29892,
297,
3109,
1135,
263,
4098,
29892,
674,
367,
4497,
3860,
472,
278,
4737,
402,
2883,
29892,
278,
758,
29880,
1151,
304,
445,
1629,
29915,
29879,
6709,
29130,
3012,
310,
512,
29899,
29933,
300,
1452,
29973,
20419,
29892,
306,
626,
9476,
9446,
411,
445,
697,
29889,
306,
626,
25782,
287,
304,
1827,
393,
422,
1004,
553,
7455,
30019,
787,
16964,
1960,
901,
29889,
450,
3858,
947,
451,
817,
304,
12725,
3528,
411,
445,
22239,
29889,
1939,
697,
674,
748,
304,
278,
28788,
6838,
304,
1074,
278,
11952,
705,
279,
12109,
18049,
310,
5546,
29915,
29879,
8236,
23383,
14982,
29889,
1763,
367,
1854,
29892,
445,
338,
451,
278,
1667,
7307,
29954,
1196,
472,
664,
29889,
739,
29915,
29879,
278,
1014,
29899,
16472,
422,
1004,
553,
7455,
30019,
787,
1383,
2728,
29892,
607,
29892,
297,
760,
29892,
6041,
756,
263,
377,
2593,
310,
11952,
4771,
4127,
29889,
12074,
29892,
7307,
29954,
674,
451,
367,
3109,
553,
27797,
565,
372,
947,
451,
9332,
1554,
577,
1999,
271,
424,
408,
19383,
22569,
29915,
29879,
1024,
29889,
2860,
599,
29892,
372,
29915,
29879,
756,
402,
359,
2350,
14985,
24338,
2574,
29891,
297,
967,
13714,
310,
1506,
4167,
29889,
13,
6246,
29892,
306,
1073,
2253,
29889,
910,
338,
2289,
263,
12128,
9712,
545,
29892,
408,
1568,
304,
11858,
403,
278,
7307,
29954,
14982,
408,
3907,
360,
957,
7103,
28794,
29892,
988,
278,
5321,
370,
674,
367,
3625,
29892,
385,
13978,
573,
953,
1971,
1974,
363,
1790,
2318,
310,
17173,
29891,
11233,
414,
411,
14794,
5580,
304,
2071,
403,
3114,
29889,
22569,
322,
7307,
29954,
505,
1063,
22056,
1951,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29906,
29892,
746,
1716,
2996,
4208,
304,
7738,
263,
26091,
1297,
363,
278,
8718
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | 1.177241 | -0.530799 | -0.571024 | -1.2626 |
Finance Bill (HL Bill 71)
SCHEDULE 8 continued PART 2 continued
Contents page 410-419 420-429 430-439 440-449 450-459 460-469 470-487 488-489 490-499 500-509 510-519 520-529 530-539 540-549 550-559 560-569 570-579 580-589 590-599 600-609 610-619 Last page
Finance BillPage 510
(i) beginning with the start of 6 April 2017 or, if later, the
creation of the settlement, and
(ii) ending with the end of the tax year,
when the individual is domiciled or deemed domiciled in the
5United Kingdom.
(5) For the purposes of subsections (3)(e) and (4)(g), the addition of
value to property comprised in the settlement is to be treated as the
direct provision of property for the purposes of the settlement.
(6) Section 721B (tainting) contains further provision for the purposes of
10subsections (3)(e) and (4)(g).
(7) In this section—
"participator", in relation to a company, has the meaning given
by section 454 of CTA 2010;
"deemed domiciled" means regarded for the purposes of
15section 718(1)(b) as domiciled in the United Kingdom as a
result of section 835BA of ITA 2007 having effect.
721B Section 721A: tainting
(1) This section applies for the purposes of subsections (3)(e) and (4)(g)
of section 721A.
(2) 20Ignore—
(a) property or income provided under a transaction, other than
a loan, where the transaction is entered into on arm's length
(b) property or income provided, otherwise than under a loan,
25without any intention by the person providing it to confer a
gratuitous benefit on any person,
(c) the principal of a loan which is made to the trustees of the
settlement on arm's length terms,
(d) the payment of interest to the trustees of the settlement under
30a loan made by them on arm's length terms,
(e) repayment to the trustees of the settlement of the principal of
a loan made by them,
(f) property or income provided in pursuance of a liability
incurred by any person before 6 April 2017, and
(g) 35where the settlement's expenses relating to taxation and
administration for a tax year exceed its income for that year,
property or income provided towards meeting that excess if
the value of any such property and income is not greater than
the amount of—
(i) 40the excess, or
(ii) if greater, the amount by which such expenses exceed
the amount of such expenses which may be paid out
of the settlement's income.
(3) Where—
(a) 45a loan is made to the trustees of the settlement by the settlor
or the trustees of a settlement connected with the settlor, and
(b) the loan is on arm's length terms, but
(c) a relevant event occurs,
the principal of the loan is to be regarded as having been provided to
the trustees at the time of that event (despite subsection (2)).
(4) In subsection (3) "relevant event" means—
(a) capitalisation of interest payable under the loan,
(b) 5any other failure to pay interest in accordance with the terms
of the loan, or
(c) variation of the terms of the loan such that they cease to be
arm's length terms.
(5) Subsection (6) applies (subject to subsection (7)) where—
(a) 10the settlor becomes deemed domic | [
4231,
749,
6682,
313,
15444,
6682,
29871,
29955,
29896,
29897,
13,
29903,
3210,
3352,
29965,
1307,
29871,
29947,
7572,
349,
8322,
29871,
29906,
7572,
13,
21002,
1813,
29871,
29946,
29896,
29900,
29899,
29946,
29896,
29929,
29871,
29946,
29906,
29900,
29899,
29946,
29906,
29929,
29871,
29946,
29941,
29900,
29899,
29946,
29941,
29929,
29871,
29946,
29946,
29900,
29899,
29946,
29946,
29929,
29871,
29946,
29945,
29900,
29899,
29946,
29945,
29929,
29871,
29946,
29953,
29900,
29899,
29946,
29953,
29929,
29871,
29946,
29955,
29900,
29899,
29946,
29947,
29955,
29871,
29946,
29947,
29947,
29899,
29946,
29947,
29929,
29871,
29946,
29929,
29900,
29899,
29946,
29929,
29929,
29871,
29945,
29900,
29900,
29899,
29945,
29900,
29929,
29871,
29945,
29896,
29900,
29899,
29945,
29896,
29929,
29871,
29945,
29906,
29900,
29899,
29945,
29906,
29929,
29871,
29945,
29941,
29900,
29899,
29945,
29941,
29929,
29871,
29945,
29946,
29900,
29899,
29945,
29946,
29929,
29871,
29945,
29945,
29900,
29899,
29945,
29945,
29929,
29871,
29945,
29953,
29900,
29899,
29945,
29953,
29929,
29871,
29945,
29955,
29900,
29899,
29945,
29955,
29929,
29871,
29945,
29947,
29900,
29899,
29945,
29947,
29929,
29871,
29945,
29929,
29900,
29899,
29945,
29929,
29929,
29871,
29953,
29900,
29900,
29899,
29953,
29900,
29929,
29871,
29953,
29896,
29900,
29899,
29953,
29896,
29929,
9208,
1813,
13,
12881,
749,
6682,
5074,
29871,
29945,
29896,
29900,
13,
29898,
29875,
29897,
6763,
411,
278,
1369,
310,
29871,
29953,
3786,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
470,
29892,
565,
2678,
29892,
278,
13,
1037,
362,
310,
278,
16493,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
2236,
29897,
17140,
411,
278,
1095,
310,
278,
8818,
1629,
29892,
13,
8256,
278,
5375,
338,
2432,
293,
2356,
470,
316,
22580,
2432,
293,
2356,
297,
278,
13,
29945,
2525,
1573,
12626,
29889,
13,
29898,
29945,
29897,
1152,
278,
11976,
310,
1014,
27117,
313,
29941,
5033,
29872,
29897,
322,
313,
29946,
5033,
29887,
511,
278,
6124,
310,
13,
1767,
304,
2875,
7199,
3368,
297,
278,
16493,
338,
304,
367,
14914,
408,
278,
13,
11851,
25161,
310,
2875,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
278,
16493,
29889,
13,
29898,
29953,
29897,
9779,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29896,
29933,
313,
2408,
1259,
29897,
3743,
4340,
25161,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
13,
29896,
29900,
1491,
27117,
313,
29941,
5033,
29872,
29897,
322,
313,
29946,
5033,
29887,
467,
13,
29898,
29955,
29897,
512,
445,
4004,
30003,
13,
29908,
1595,
12654,
1061,
613,
297,
8220,
304,
263,
5001,
29892,
756,
278,
6593,
2183,
13,
1609,
4004,
29871,
29946,
29945,
29946,
310,
315,
6040,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29900,
29936,
13,
29908,
311,
22580,
2432,
293,
2356,
29908,
2794,
17878,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
13,
29896,
29945,
2042,
29871,
29955,
29896,
29947,
29898,
29896,
5033,
29890,
29897,
408,
2432,
293,
2356,
297,
278,
3303,
12626,
408,
263,
13,
2914,
310,
4004,
29871,
29947,
29941,
29945,
5688,
310,
306,
6040,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29955,
2534,
2779,
29889,
13,
29955,
29906,
29896,
29933,
9779,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29896,
29909,
29901,
260,
475,
1259,
13,
29898,
29896,
29897,
910,
4004,
16058,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
1014,
27117,
313,
29941,
5033,
29872,
29897,
322,
313,
29946,
5033,
29887,
29897,
13,
974,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29896,
29909,
29889,
13,
29898,
29906,
29897,
29871,
29906,
29900,
23805,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
2875,
470,
17869,
4944,
1090,
263,
10804,
29892,
916,
1135,
13,
29874,
24806,
29892,
988,
278,
10804,
338,
7802,
964,
373,
5075,
29915,
29879,
3309,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
2875,
470,
17869,
4944,
29892,
6467,
1135,
1090,
263,
24806,
29892,
13,
29906,
29945,
14037,
738,
16392,
491,
278,
2022,
13138,
372,
304,
21388,
263,
13,
629,
271,
3121,
681,
14169,
373,
738,
2022,
29892,
13,
29898,
29883,
29897,
278,
5882,
310,
263,
24806,
607,
338,
1754,
304,
278,
9311,
12712,
310,
278,
13,
9915,
944,
373,
5075,
29915,
29879,
3309,
4958,
29892,
13,
29898,
29881,
29897,
278,
19179,
310,
4066,
304,
278,
9311,
12712,
310,
278,
16493,
1090,
13,
29941,
29900,
29874,
24806,
1754,
491,
963,
373,
5075,
29915,
29879,
3309,
4958,
29892,
13,
29898,
29872,
29897,
1634,
388,
358,
304,
278,
9311,
12712,
310,
278,
16493,
310,
278,
5882,
310,
13,
29874,
24806,
1754,
491,
963,
29892,
13,
29898,
29888,
29897,
2875,
470,
17869,
4944,
297,
12359,
29884,
749,
310,
263,
619,
3097,
13,
262,
2764,
1127,
491,
738,
2022,
1434,
29871,
29953,
3786,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
29887,
29897,
29871,
29941,
29945,
3062,
278,
16493,
29915,
29879,
1518,
11259,
1104,
1218,
304,
8818,
362,
322,
13,
6406,
8306,
363,
263,
8818,
1629,
13461,
967,
17869,
363,
393,
1629,
29892,
13,
6799,
470,
17869,
4944,
7113,
11781,
393,
19163,
565,
13,
1552,
995,
310,
738,
1316,
2875,
322,
17869,
338,
451,
7621,
1135,
13,
1552,
5253,
310,
30003,
13,
29898,
29875,
29897,
29871,
29946,
29900,
1552,
19163,
29892,
470,
13,
29898,
2236,
29897,
565,
7621,
29892,
278,
5253,
491,
607,
1316,
1518,
11259,
13461,
13,
1552,
5253,
310,
1316,
1518,
11259,
607,
1122,
367,
12530,
714,
13,
974,
278,
16493,
29915,
29879,
17869,
29889,
13,
29898,
29941,
29897,
6804,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
29871,
29946,
29945,
29874,
24806,
338,
1754,
304,
278,
9311,
12712,
310,
278,
16493,
491,
278,
3604,
5095,
13,
272,
278,
9311,
12712,
310,
263,
16493,
6631,
411,
278,
3604,
5095,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
278,
24806,
338,
373,
5075,
29915,
29879,
3309,
4958,
29892,
541,
13,
29898,
29883,
29897,
263,
8018,
1741,
10008,
29892,
13,
1552,
5882,
310,
278,
24806,
338,
304,
367,
17878,
408,
2534,
1063,
4944,
304,
13,
1552,
9311,
12712,
472,
278,
931,
310,
393,
1741,
313,
2783,
29886,
568,
1014,
2042,
313,
29906,
8106,
13,
29898,
29946,
29897,
512,
1014,
2042,
313,
29941,
29897,
376,
276,
6591,
1741,
29908,
2794,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
7483,
4371,
310,
4066,
5146,
519,
1090,
278,
24806,
29892,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
29871,
29945,
1384,
916,
10672,
304,
5146,
4066,
297,
15017,
749,
411,
278,
4958,
13,
974,
278,
24806,
29892,
470,
13,
29898,
29883,
29897,
19262,
310,
278,
4958,
310,
278,
24806,
1316,
393,
896,
2257,
559,
304,
367,
13,
2817,
29915,
29879,
3309,
4958,
29889,
13,
29898,
29945,
29897,
3323,
2042,
313,
29953,
29897,
16058,
313,
16009,
304,
1014,
2042,
313,
29955,
876,
988,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
29871,
29896,
29900,
1552,
3604,
5095,
7415,
316,
22580,
2432,
293
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -1.384948 | 0.528842 | -1.494534 | -0.943693 |
iled in the United
Kingdom on or after 6 April 2017,
(b) before the date on which the settlor becomes deemed
domiciled in the United Kingdom ("the deemed domicile
date"), a loan has been made to the trustees of the settlement
15by—
(i) the settlor, or
(ii) the trustees of a settlement connected with the settlor,
(c) the loan is not entered into on arm's length terms, and
(d) any amount that is outstanding under the loan on the
20deemed domicile date ("the outstanding amount") is payable
or repayable on demand on or after that date.
(6) Where this subsection applies, the outstanding amount is to be
regarded as property directly provided on the deemed domicile date
by the lender for the purposes of the settlement (despite subsection
25(2)).
(7) But if the deemed domicile date is 6 April 2017, subsection (6) does
not apply if—
(a) the principal of the loan is repaid, and all interest payable
under the loan is paid, before 6 April 2018, or
(b) 30the loan becomes a loan on arm's length terms before 6 April
(i) before that date interest is paid to the lender in respect
of the period beginning with 6 April 2017 and ending
with 5 April 2018 as if those arm's length terms had
35been terms of the loan in relation to that period, and
(ii) interest continues to be payable from 6 April 2018 in
accordance with those terms.
(8) For the purposes of this section, a loan is on "arm's length terms"—
(a) in the case of a loan made to the trustees of a settlement, only
40if interest at the official rate or more is payable at least
annually under the loan;
(b) in the case of a loan made by the trustees of a settlement, only
if any interest payable under the loan is payable at no more
than the official rate.
(9) 45For the purposes of this section—
a settlement is "connected" with a person if the person is the
settlor or a beneficiary of it;
"deemed domiciled" has the same meaning as in section 721A;
"official rate", in relation to interest, means the rate of interest
applicable from time to time under section 178 of FA 1989 for
the purposes of Chapter 7 of Part 3 of ITEPA 2003."
30 In section 726 (individuals to whom remittance basis applies), after
5subsection (5) insert—
"(6) In addition, where the tax year in which any foreign deemed income
arises is earlier than the tax year 2017-18, section 832 of ITTOIA 2005
does not apply to the foreign deemed income so far as it—
(a) is remitted to the United Kingdom in the tax year 2017-18 or
10a later tax year, and
(b) is transitionally protected income.
(7) In subsection (6)—
"remitted to the United Kingdom" is to be read in accordance
with Chapter A1 of Part 14, and
15"transitionally protected income" means any foreign deemed
income where the income mentioned in section 721(2)—
arises in a tax year earlier than the tax year 2017-18,
would be protected foreign-source income as defined
by section 721A if section 721A—
20had effect for tax years earlier than the tax
year 2017-18, and
so had effect with the omission of its
subsections (3)(e), (4)(g), (5) and (6), and
has not prior to 6 April 2017 been distributed by the
25trustees of the settlement concerned."
31 In section 728 (income of a person abroad that is treated as arising to a UK
resident individual), for subsection (1A) (amount treated as arising)
"(1A) The amount of the income treated as arising | [
2356,
297,
278,
3303,
13,
29968,
292,
3129,
373,
470,
1156,
29871,
29953,
3786,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29892,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
1434,
278,
2635,
373,
607,
278,
3604,
5095,
7415,
316,
22580,
13,
3129,
293,
2356,
297,
278,
3303,
12626,
4852,
1552,
316,
22580,
2432,
25123,
13,
1256,
4968,
263,
24806,
756,
1063,
1754,
304,
278,
9311,
12712,
310,
278,
16493,
13,
29896,
29945,
1609,
30003,
13,
29898,
29875,
29897,
278,
3604,
5095,
29892,
470,
13,
29898,
2236,
29897,
278,
9311,
12712,
310,
263,
16493,
6631,
411,
278,
3604,
5095,
29892,
13,
29898,
29883,
29897,
278,
24806,
338,
451,
7802,
964,
373,
5075,
29915,
29879,
3309,
4958,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
29881,
29897,
738,
5253,
393,
338,
714,
11235,
1090,
278,
24806,
373,
278,
13,
29906,
29900,
311,
22580,
2432,
25123,
2635,
4852,
1552,
714,
11235,
5253,
1159,
338,
5146,
519,
13,
272,
1634,
388,
519,
373,
9667,
373,
470,
1156,
393,
2635,
29889,
13,
29898,
29953,
29897,
6804,
445,
1014,
2042,
16058,
29892,
278,
714,
11235,
5253,
338,
304,
367,
13,
1727,
25600,
408,
2875,
4153,
4944,
373,
278,
316,
22580,
2432,
25123,
2635,
13,
1609,
278,
301,
1581,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
278,
16493,
313,
2783,
29886,
568,
1014,
2042,
13,
29906,
29945,
29898,
29906,
8106,
13,
29898,
29955,
29897,
1205,
565,
278,
316,
22580,
2432,
25123,
2635,
338,
29871,
29953,
3786,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29892,
1014,
2042,
313,
29953,
29897,
947,
13,
1333,
3394,
565,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
278,
5882,
310,
278,
24806,
338,
1634,
29874,
333,
29892,
322,
599,
4066,
5146,
519,
13,
5062,
278,
24806,
338,
12530,
29892,
1434,
29871,
29953,
3786,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29947,
29892,
470,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
29871,
29941,
29900,
1552,
24806,
7415,
263,
24806,
373,
5075,
29915,
29879,
3309,
4958,
1434,
29871,
29953,
3786,
13,
29898,
29875,
29897,
1434,
393,
2635,
4066,
338,
12530,
304,
278,
301,
1581,
297,
3390,
13,
974,
278,
3785,
6763,
411,
29871,
29953,
3786,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
322,
17140,
13,
2541,
29871,
29945,
3786,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29947,
408,
565,
1906,
5075,
29915,
29879,
3309,
4958,
750,
13,
29941,
29945,
915,
264,
4958,
310,
278,
24806,
297,
8220,
304,
393,
3785,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
2236,
29897,
4066,
18172,
304,
367,
5146,
519,
515,
29871,
29953,
3786,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29947,
297,
13,
5753,
536,
749,
411,
1906,
4958,
29889,
13,
29898,
29947,
29897,
1152,
278,
11976,
310,
445,
4004,
29892,
263,
24806,
338,
373,
376,
2817,
29915,
29879,
3309,
4958,
29908,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
297,
278,
1206,
310,
263,
24806,
1754,
304,
278,
9311,
12712,
310,
263,
16493,
29892,
871,
13,
29946,
29900,
361,
4066,
472,
278,
6221,
6554,
470,
901,
338,
5146,
519,
472,
3203,
13,
812,
1474,
1090,
278,
24806,
29936,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
297,
278,
1206,
310,
263,
24806,
1754,
491,
278,
9311,
12712,
310,
263,
16493,
29892,
871,
13,
361,
738,
4066,
5146,
519,
1090,
278,
24806,
338,
5146,
519,
472,
694,
901,
13,
27603,
278,
6221,
6554,
29889,
13,
29898,
29929,
29897,
29871,
29946,
29945,
2831,
278,
11976,
310,
445,
4004,
30003,
13,
29874,
16493,
338,
376,
18045,
29908,
411,
263,
2022,
565,
278,
2022,
338,
278,
13,
9915,
5095,
470,
263,
7795,
1654,
653,
310,
372,
29936,
13,
29908,
311,
22580,
2432,
293,
2356,
29908,
756,
278,
1021,
6593,
408,
297,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29896,
29909,
29936,
13,
29908,
29877,
7880,
6554,
613,
297,
8220,
304,
4066,
29892,
2794,
278,
6554,
310,
4066,
13,
932,
506,
519,
515,
931,
304,
931,
1090,
4004,
29871,
29896,
29955,
29947,
310,
13515,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29947,
29929,
363,
13,
1552,
11976,
310,
23040,
29871,
29955,
310,
3455,
29871,
29941,
310,
306,
4330,
7228,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29941,
1213,
13,
29941,
29900,
512,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29953,
313,
513,
23352,
29879,
304,
6029,
1083,
986,
749,
8405,
16058,
511,
1156,
13,
29945,
7235,
313,
29945,
29897,
4635,
30003,
13,
29908,
29898,
29953,
29897,
512,
6124,
29892,
988,
278,
8818,
1629,
297,
607,
738,
9117,
316,
22580,
17869,
13,
279,
4637,
338,
8859,
1135,
278,
8818,
1629,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29899,
29896,
29947,
29892,
4004,
29871,
29947,
29941,
29906,
310,
13315,
4986,
10764,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29945,
13,
13221,
451,
3394,
304,
278,
9117,
316,
22580,
17869,
577,
2215,
408,
372,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
338,
1083,
4430,
304,
278,
3303,
12626,
297,
278,
8818,
1629,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29899,
29896,
29947,
470,
13,
29896,
29900,
29874,
2678,
8818,
1629,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
338,
9558,
635,
6364,
17869,
29889,
13,
29898,
29955,
29897,
512,
1014,
2042,
313,
29953,
29897,
30003,
13,
29908,
1745,
4430,
304,
278,
3303,
12626,
29908,
338,
304,
367,
1303,
297,
15017,
749,
13,
2541,
23040,
319,
29896,
310,
3455,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29892,
322,
13,
29896,
29945,
29908,
3286,
17658,
6364,
17869,
29908,
2794,
738,
9117,
316,
22580,
13,
262,
2763,
988,
278,
17869,
5276,
297,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29896,
29898,
29906,
29897,
30003,
13,
279,
4637,
297,
263,
8818,
1629,
8859,
1135,
278,
8818,
1629,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29899,
29896,
29947,
29892,
13,
29893,
483,
367,
6364,
9117,
29899,
4993,
17869,
408,
3342,
13,
1609,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29896,
29909,
565,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29896,
29909,
30003,
13,
29906,
29900,
21312,
2779,
363,
8818,
2440,
8859,
1135,
278,
8818,
13,
6360,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29899,
29896,
29947,
29892,
322,
13,
578,
750,
2779,
411,
278,
2703,
2333,
310,
967,
13,
1491,
27117,
313,
29941,
5033,
29872,
511,
313,
29946,
5033,
29887,
511,
313,
29945,
29897,
322,
313,
29953,
511,
322,
13,
5349,
451,
7536,
304,
29871,
29953,
3786,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
1063,
13235,
491,
278,
13,
29906,
29945,
509,
504,
12712,
310,
278,
16493,
15041,
1213,
13,
29941,
29896,
512,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29947,
313,
262,
2763,
310,
263,
2022,
28177,
393,
338,
14914,
408,
564,
5921,
304,
263,
10261,
13,
690,
1693,
5375,
511,
363,
1014,
2042,
313,
29896,
29909,
29897,
313,
14506,
14914,
408,
564,
5921,
29897,
13,
29908,
29898,
29896,
29909,
29897,
450,
5253,
310,
278,
17869,
14914,
408,
564,
5921
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -1.159432 | 1.106356 | -1.152028 | -0.613244 |
under subsection (1) is
30(subject to subsection (2)) given by the following rules—
The amount is equal to the amount of the income of the person
abroad if the individual—
(a) is domiciled in the United Kingdom at any time in the tax
35year, or
(b) is at any time in the tax year regarded for the purposes of
section 718(1)(b) as domiciled in the United Kingdom as a
result of section 835BA having effect because of Condition A
in that section being met.
40Rule 2
In any other case, the amount is equal to so much of the income of the
person abroad as is not protected foreign-source income (see section
729A).
(1B) In a case in which rule 2 of subsection (1A) applies, so much of the
45income of the person abroad as is protected foreign-source income
for the purposes of that rule counts as "protected income" for the
purposes of section 733A(1)(b)(i)."
32 After section 729 insert—
"729A Meaning of "protected foreign-source income" in section 728
(1) This section has effect for the purposes of rule 2 of section 728(1A)
(cases where the individual is not UK domiciled and is not deemed
5domiciled by virtue of Condition A in section 835BA).
(2) The income of the person abroad is "protected foreign-source
income" so far as it is within subsection (3) or (4).
(3) Income is within this subsection if—
(a) it would be relevant foreign income if it were the
10individual's,
(b) the person abroad is the trustees of a settlement,
(c) the trustees are non-UK resident for the tax year,
(d) when the settlement is created, the individual is—
(i) not domiciled in the United Kingdom, and
(ii) 15if the settlement is created on or after 6 April 2017, not
deemed domiciled in the United Kingdom, and
(e) no property or income is provided directly or indirectly for
the purposes of the settlement by the individual, or by the
trustees of any other settlement of which the individual is a
20beneficiary or settlor, at a time in the period—
25United Kingdom.
individual's,
(b) the person abroad is a company,
(c) 30the trustees of a settlement—
(i) are participators in the person abroad, or
(ii) are participators in the first in a chain of two or more
companies where the last company in the chain is the
person abroad and where each company in the chain
35(except the last) is a participator in the next company
in the chain,
(d) the condition in paragraph (c) is met as a result of a relevant
transaction (whether or not it is also met otherwise than as a
result of a relevant transaction),
(e) 40the income has become the income of the person abroad as a
result of that relevant transaction,
(f) the trustees are not UK resident for the tax year,
(g) when the settlement is created, the individual is—
(h) no property or income is provided directly or indirectly for
beneficiary or settlor, at a time in the period—
(i) beginning with start of 6 April 2017 or, if later, the
(ii) 5ending with the end of the tax year,
United Kingdom.
(5) For the purposes of subsections (3)(e) and (4)(h), the addition of
10direct provision of property for the purposes of the settlement.
(6) Section 721B (tainting) applies for the purposes of subsections (3)(e)
and (4)(h) as it applies for the purposes of section 721A(3)(e) and
(4)(g).
15"participator", in relation to a company, has the meaning given
by section 454 of CTA 2010, and
33 20In section 730 (individuals to whom remittance basis applies), after
subsection (5) insert—
(a) 25is rem | [
1090,
1014,
2042,
313,
29896,
29897,
338,
13,
29941,
29900,
29898,
16009,
304,
1014,
2042,
313,
29906,
876,
2183,
491,
278,
1494,
6865,
30003,
13,
1576,
5253,
338,
5186,
304,
278,
5253,
310,
278,
17869,
310,
278,
2022,
13,
370,
9972,
565,
278,
5375,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
338,
2432,
293,
2356,
297,
278,
3303,
12626,
472,
738,
931,
297,
278,
8818,
13,
29941,
29945,
6360,
29892,
470,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
338,
472,
738,
931,
297,
278,
8818,
1629,
17878,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
13,
2042,
29871,
29955,
29896,
29947,
29898,
29896,
5033,
29890,
29897,
408,
2432,
293,
2356,
297,
278,
3303,
12626,
408,
263,
13,
2914,
310,
4004,
29871,
29947,
29941,
29945,
5688,
2534,
2779,
1363,
310,
11790,
654,
319,
13,
262,
393,
4004,
1641,
1539,
29889,
13,
29946,
29900,
10740,
29871,
29906,
13,
797,
738,
916,
1206,
29892,
278,
5253,
338,
5186,
304,
577,
1568,
310,
278,
17869,
310,
278,
13,
10532,
28177,
408,
338,
451,
6364,
9117,
29899,
4993,
17869,
313,
4149,
4004,
13,
29955,
29906,
29929,
29909,
467,
13,
29898,
29896,
29933,
29897,
512,
263,
1206,
297,
607,
5751,
29871,
29906,
310,
1014,
2042,
313,
29896,
29909,
29897,
16058,
29892,
577,
1568,
310,
278,
13,
29946,
29945,
262,
2763,
310,
278,
2022,
28177,
408,
338,
6364,
9117,
29899,
4993,
17869,
13,
1454,
278,
11976,
310,
393,
5751,
18139,
408,
376,
24681,
17869,
29908,
363,
278,
13,
15503,
10590,
310,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29941,
29909,
29898,
29896,
5033,
29890,
5033,
29875,
467,
29908,
13,
29941,
29906,
2860,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29929,
4635,
30003,
13,
29908,
29955,
29906,
29929,
29909,
16316,
292,
310,
376,
24681,
9117,
29899,
4993,
17869,
29908,
297,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29947,
13,
29898,
29896,
29897,
910,
4004,
756,
2779,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
5751,
29871,
29906,
310,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29947,
29898,
29896,
29909,
29897,
13,
29898,
11436,
988,
278,
5375,
338,
451,
10261,
2432,
293,
2356,
322,
338,
451,
316,
22580,
13,
29945,
3129,
293,
2356,
491,
27935,
310,
11790,
654,
319,
297,
4004,
29871,
29947,
29941,
29945,
5688,
467,
13,
29898,
29906,
29897,
450,
17869,
310,
278,
2022,
28177,
338,
376,
24681,
9117,
29899,
4993,
13,
262,
2763,
29908,
577,
2215,
408,
372,
338,
2629,
1014,
2042,
313,
29941,
29897,
470,
313,
29946,
467,
13,
29898,
29941,
29897,
512,
2763,
338,
2629,
445,
1014,
2042,
565,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
372,
723,
367,
8018,
9117,
17869,
565,
372,
892,
278,
13,
29896,
29900,
513,
23352,
29915,
29879,
29892,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
278,
2022,
28177,
338,
278,
9311,
12712,
310,
263,
16493,
29892,
13,
29898,
29883,
29897,
278,
9311,
12712,
526,
1661,
29899,
19960,
20201,
363,
278,
8818,
1629,
29892,
13,
29898,
29881,
29897,
746,
278,
16493,
338,
2825,
29892,
278,
5375,
338,
30003,
13,
29898,
29875,
29897,
451,
2432,
293,
2356,
297,
278,
3303,
12626,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
2236,
29897,
29871,
29896,
29945,
361,
278,
16493,
338,
2825,
373,
470,
1156,
29871,
29953,
3786,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29892,
451,
13,
311,
22580,
2432,
293,
2356,
297,
278,
3303,
12626,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
29872,
29897,
694,
2875,
470,
17869,
338,
4944,
4153,
470,
26377,
368,
363,
13,
1552,
11976,
310,
278,
16493,
491,
278,
5375,
29892,
470,
491,
278,
13,
509,
504,
12712,
310,
738,
916,
16493,
310,
607,
278,
5375,
338,
263,
13,
29906,
29900,
1785,
1389,
1654,
653,
470,
3604,
5095,
29892,
472,
263,
931,
297,
278,
3785,
30003,
13,
29906,
29945,
2525,
1573,
12626,
29889,
13,
513,
23352,
29915,
29879,
29892,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
278,
2022,
28177,
338,
263,
5001,
29892,
13,
29898,
29883,
29897,
29871,
29941,
29900,
1552,
9311,
12712,
310,
263,
16493,
30003,
13,
29898,
29875,
29897,
526,
5221,
4097,
297,
278,
2022,
28177,
29892,
470,
13,
29898,
2236,
29897,
526,
5221,
4097,
297,
278,
937,
297,
263,
9704,
310,
1023,
470,
901,
13,
2388,
273,
583,
988,
278,
1833,
5001,
297,
278,
9704,
338,
278,
13,
10532,
28177,
322,
988,
1269,
5001,
297,
278,
9704,
13,
29941,
29945,
29898,
19499,
278,
1833,
29897,
338,
263,
5221,
1061,
297,
278,
2446,
5001,
13,
262,
278,
9704,
29892,
13,
29898,
29881,
29897,
278,
4195,
297,
14880,
313,
29883,
29897,
338,
1539,
408,
263,
1121,
310,
263,
8018,
13,
20736,
313,
1332,
1979,
470,
451,
372,
338,
884,
1539,
6467,
1135,
408,
263,
13,
2914,
310,
263,
8018,
10804,
511,
13,
29898,
29872,
29897,
29871,
29946,
29900,
1552,
17869,
756,
4953,
278,
17869,
310,
278,
2022,
28177,
408,
263,
13,
2914,
310,
393,
8018,
10804,
29892,
13,
29898,
29888,
29897,
278,
9311,
12712,
526,
451,
10261,
20201,
363,
278,
8818,
1629,
29892,
13,
29898,
29887,
29897,
746,
278,
16493,
338,
2825,
29892,
278,
5375,
338,
30003,
13,
29898,
29882,
29897,
694,
2875,
470,
17869,
338,
4944,
4153,
470,
26377,
368,
363,
13,
1785,
1389,
1654,
653,
470,
3604,
5095,
29892,
472,
263,
931,
297,
278,
3785,
30003,
13,
29898,
29875,
29897,
6763,
411,
1369,
310,
29871,
29953,
3786,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
470,
29892,
565,
2678,
29892,
278,
13,
29898,
2236,
29897,
29871,
29945,
2548,
411,
278,
1095,
310,
278,
8818,
1629,
29892,
13,
2525,
1573,
12626,
29889,
13,
29898,
29945,
29897,
1152,
278,
11976,
310,
1014,
27117,
313,
29941,
5033,
29872,
29897,
322,
313,
29946,
5033,
29882,
511,
278,
6124,
310,
13,
29896,
29900,
11851,
25161,
310,
2875,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
278,
16493,
29889,
13,
29898,
29953,
29897,
9779,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29896,
29933,
313,
2408,
1259,
29897,
16058,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
1014,
27117,
313,
29941,
5033,
29872,
29897,
13,
392,
313,
29946,
5033,
29882,
29897,
408,
372,
16058,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29896,
29909,
29898,
29941,
5033,
29872,
29897,
322,
13,
29898,
29946,
5033,
29887,
467,
13,
29896,
29945,
29908,
1595,
12654,
1061,
613,
297,
8220,
304,
263,
5001,
29892,
756,
278,
6593,
2183,
13,
1609,
4004,
29871,
29946,
29945,
29946,
310,
315,
6040,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29900,
29892,
322,
13,
29941,
29941,
29871,
29906,
29900,
797,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29900,
313,
513,
23352,
29879,
304,
6029,
1083,
986,
749,
8405,
16058,
511,
1156,
13,
7235,
313,
29945,
29897,
4635,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
29871,
29906,
29945,
275,
1083
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -1.547972 | 1.070018 | -1.415632 | -0.857681 |
itted to the United Kingdom in the tax year 2017-18 or
a later tax year, and
30with Chapter A1 of Part 14, and
"transitionally protected income" means any foreign deemed
income where the income mentioned in section 728(1)(a)—
35by section 729A if section 729A—
had effect for tax years earlier than the tax
subsections (3)(e), (4)(h), (5) and (6), and
40has not prior to 6 April 2017 been distributed by the
trustees of the settlement concerned."
34 (1) Section 731 (charge to tax on income treated as arising under section 732) is
amended as follows.
(2) In subsection (1), for "non-transferors" substitute "individuals".
(3) After subsection (1) insert—
"(1A) But where the individual is non-UK resident for the tax year in which
a benefit is received, there is a charge to tax under this section on any
matched deemed income—
(a) 5only so far as that matched deemed income would under
section 735A (if it applied also for this purpose) be matched
with an amount of relevant income that is protected income
for the purposes of section 733A(1)(b)(i) (see sections
721(3BA) and 728(1B)), and
(b) 10only if—
(i) the individual is the settlor of the settlement
concerned, or
(ii) the benefit is received by the individual at a time
when the individual is a close member of the family
15of the settlor of that settlement.
(1B) For the purposes of subsection (1A)—
(a) "matched deemed income" means income which—
(i) is treated by section 732 as arising to the individual,
(ii) 20would, if section 735A applied also for this purpose,
be matched under that section with the benefit, and
(b) a person is a close member of the family of the settlor of a
settlement if the person is—
(i) the settlor's spouse or civil partner, or
(ii) 25a child of the settlor, or of a person within sub-
paragraph (i), if the child has not reached the age of
and section 733A(7) (persons living together) applies also for the
purposes of paragraph (b)."
(4) 30In subsection (3) (person liable for tax is person to whom income is treated
as arising), at the end insert ", but this is subject to section 733A."
35 (1) Section 732 (when income is treated as arising for the purposes of the charge
under section 731) is amended in accordance with sub-paragraphs (2) to (4).
(2) In subsection (1) (cases in which tax can be charged under section 731)—
(a) 35in paragraph (b), for "who is UK resident for a tax year receives a
benefit in that tax year" substitute "receives a benefit in a tax year",
(b) for paragraph (d) substitute—
"(d) where there is a time in the year when the individual
40is relevantly domiciled, the individual is not liable to
income tax under section 720 or 727 by reference to
the transfer, and".
"(4) For the purposes of subsection (1)(d), the individual is "relevantly
45domiciled" at any time if at that time—
(a) the individual is domiciled in the United Kingdom, or
(b) the individual is regarded for the purposes of section
718(1)(b) as domiciled in the United Kingdom as a result of
section 835BA having effect because of Condition A in that
section being met."
(4) In the heading, for "Non-transferors" substitute "Individuals".
(5) In section 733(1) (income charged under section 731), in the first sentence of
5Step 2, at the end insert "except that, where any of that income is matched | [
4430,
304,
278,
3303,
12626,
297,
278,
8818,
1629,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29899,
29896,
29947,
470,
13,
29874,
2678,
8818,
1629,
29892,
322,
13,
29941,
29900,
2541,
23040,
319,
29896,
310,
3455,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29892,
322,
13,
29908,
3286,
17658,
6364,
17869,
29908,
2794,
738,
9117,
316,
22580,
13,
262,
2763,
988,
278,
17869,
5276,
297,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29947,
29898,
29896,
5033,
29874,
29897,
30003,
13,
29941,
29945,
1609,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29929,
29909,
565,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29929,
29909,
30003,
13,
21312,
2779,
363,
8818,
2440,
8859,
1135,
278,
8818,
13,
1491,
27117,
313,
29941,
5033,
29872,
511,
313,
29946,
5033,
29882,
511,
313,
29945,
29897,
322,
313,
29953,
511,
322,
13,
29946,
29900,
5349,
451,
7536,
304,
29871,
29953,
3786,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
1063,
13235,
491,
278,
13,
509,
504,
12712,
310,
278,
16493,
15041,
1213,
13,
29941,
29946,
313,
29896,
29897,
9779,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29896,
313,
23367,
304,
8818,
373,
17869,
14914,
408,
564,
5921,
1090,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29906,
29897,
338,
13,
314,
2760,
408,
4477,
29889,
13,
29898,
29906,
29897,
512,
1014,
2042,
313,
29896,
511,
363,
376,
5464,
29899,
3286,
571,
943,
29908,
23764,
376,
513,
23352,
29879,
1642,
13,
29898,
29941,
29897,
2860,
1014,
2042,
313,
29896,
29897,
4635,
30003,
13,
29908,
29898,
29896,
29909,
29897,
1205,
988,
278,
5375,
338,
1661,
29899,
19960,
20201,
363,
278,
8818,
1629,
297,
607,
13,
29874,
14169,
338,
4520,
29892,
727,
338,
263,
8323,
304,
8818,
1090,
445,
4004,
373,
738,
13,
4352,
287,
316,
22580,
17869,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
29871,
29945,
6194,
577,
2215,
408,
393,
19228,
316,
22580,
17869,
723,
1090,
13,
2042,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29945,
29909,
313,
361,
372,
7436,
884,
363,
445,
6437,
29897,
367,
19228,
13,
2541,
385,
5253,
310,
8018,
17869,
393,
338,
6364,
17869,
13,
1454,
278,
11976,
310,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29941,
29909,
29898,
29896,
5033,
29890,
5033,
29875,
29897,
313,
4149,
13926,
13,
29955,
29906,
29896,
29898,
29941,
5688,
29897,
322,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29947,
29898,
29896,
29933,
8243,
322,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
29871,
29896,
29900,
6194,
565,
30003,
13,
29898,
29875,
29897,
278,
5375,
338,
278,
3604,
5095,
310,
278,
16493,
13,
535,
29883,
824,
287,
29892,
470,
13,
29898,
2236,
29897,
278,
14169,
338,
4520,
491,
278,
5375,
472,
263,
931,
13,
8256,
278,
5375,
338,
263,
3802,
4509,
310,
278,
3942,
13,
29896,
29945,
974,
278,
3604,
5095,
310,
393,
16493,
29889,
13,
29898,
29896,
29933,
29897,
1152,
278,
11976,
310,
1014,
2042,
313,
29896,
29909,
29897,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
376,
4352,
287,
316,
22580,
17869,
29908,
2794,
17869,
607,
30003,
13,
29898,
29875,
29897,
338,
14914,
491,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29906,
408,
564,
5921,
304,
278,
5375,
29892,
13,
29898,
2236,
29897,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29893,
483,
29892,
565,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29945,
29909,
7436,
884,
363,
445,
6437,
29892,
13,
915,
19228,
1090,
393,
4004,
411,
278,
14169,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
263,
2022,
338,
263,
3802,
4509,
310,
278,
3942,
310,
278,
3604,
5095,
310,
263,
13,
9915,
944,
565,
278,
2022,
338,
30003,
13,
29898,
29875,
29897,
278,
3604,
5095,
29915,
29879,
805,
1709,
470,
7631,
18096,
29892,
470,
13,
29898,
2236,
29897,
29871,
29906,
29945,
29874,
2278,
310,
278,
3604,
5095,
29892,
470,
310,
263,
2022,
2629,
1014,
29899,
13,
26956,
313,
29875,
511,
565,
278,
2278,
756,
451,
7450,
278,
5046,
310,
13,
392,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29941,
29909,
29898,
29955,
29897,
313,
6774,
787,
8471,
4208,
29897,
16058,
884,
363,
278,
13,
15503,
10590,
310,
14880,
313,
29890,
467,
29908,
13,
29898,
29946,
29897,
29871,
29941,
29900,
797,
1014,
2042,
313,
29941,
29897,
313,
10532,
619,
519,
363,
8818,
338,
2022,
304,
6029,
17869,
338,
14914,
13,
294,
564,
5921,
511,
472,
278,
1095,
4635,
9162,
541,
445,
338,
4967,
304,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29941,
29909,
1213,
13,
29941,
29945,
313,
29896,
29897,
9779,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29906,
313,
8256,
17869,
338,
14914,
408,
564,
5921,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
278,
8323,
13,
5062,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29896,
29897,
338,
626,
2760,
297,
15017,
749,
411,
1014,
29899,
26956,
29879,
313,
29906,
29897,
304,
313,
29946,
467,
13,
29898,
29906,
29897,
512,
1014,
2042,
313,
29896,
29897,
313,
11436,
297,
607,
8818,
508,
367,
20139,
1090,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29896,
29897,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
29871,
29941,
29945,
262,
14880,
313,
29890,
511,
363,
376,
15970,
338,
10261,
20201,
363,
263,
8818,
1629,
20586,
263,
13,
1785,
1389,
277,
297,
393,
8818,
1629,
29908,
23764,
376,
13556,
3145,
263,
14169,
297,
263,
8818,
1629,
613,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
363,
14880,
313,
29881,
29897,
23764,
30003,
13,
29908,
29898,
29881,
29897,
988,
727,
338,
263,
931,
297,
278,
1629,
746,
278,
5375,
13,
29946,
29900,
275,
8018,
368,
2432,
293,
2356,
29892,
278,
5375,
338,
451,
619,
519,
304,
13,
262,
2763,
8818,
1090,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29900,
470,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29955,
491,
3407,
304,
13,
1552,
6782,
29892,
322,
1642,
13,
29908,
29898,
29946,
29897,
1152,
278,
11976,
310,
1014,
2042,
313,
29896,
5033,
29881,
511,
278,
5375,
338,
376,
276,
6591,
368,
13,
29946,
29945,
3129,
293,
2356,
29908,
472,
738,
931,
565,
472,
393,
931,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
278,
5375,
338,
2432,
293,
2356,
297,
278,
3303,
12626,
29892,
470,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
278,
5375,
338,
17878,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
4004,
13,
29955,
29896,
29947,
29898,
29896,
5033,
29890,
29897,
408,
2432,
293,
2356,
297,
278,
3303,
12626,
408,
263,
1121,
310,
13,
2042,
29871,
29947,
29941,
29945,
5688,
2534,
2779,
1363,
310,
11790,
654,
319,
297,
393,
13,
2042,
1641,
1539,
1213,
13,
29898,
29946,
29897,
512,
278,
28435,
29892,
363,
376,
12283,
29899,
3286,
571,
943,
29908,
23764,
376,
2568,
23352,
29879,
1642,
13,
29898,
29945,
29897,
512,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29941,
29898,
29896,
29897,
313,
262,
2763,
20139,
1090,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29896,
511,
297,
278,
937,
10541,
310,
13,
29945,
14448,
29871,
29906,
29892,
472,
278,
1095,
4635,
376,
19499,
393,
29892,
988,
738,
310,
393,
17869,
338,
19228
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -1.480045 | 1.049254 | -1.469429 | -0.873018 |
deemed income for the purposes of section 731(1A), that matched deemed
income is to be deducted only so far as it is matched deemed income on
which tax has been charged under section 731 for an earlier tax year."
"733A 10 Settlor liable for section 731 charge on closely-related beneficiary
(1) Subsections (2) and (3) apply if—
(a) an amount of income is treated as arising to an individual
under section 732 for a tax year,
(b) under section 735A (if it applied also for this purpose) that
15amount would be matched—
(i) with an amount of relevant income that is protected
income for the purposes of this sub-paragraph (see
sections 721(3BA) and 728(1B)), and
(ii) with a benefit received by the individual at a time
20when the individual was a close member (see
subsection (7)) of the family of the settlor of the
settlement concerned,
(c) there is no time in the year when the trustees of the settlement
are resident in the United Kingdom,
(d) 25there is a time in the year when the settlor is resident in the
(e) there is no time in the year when the settlor is domiciled in
the United Kingdom, and
(f) there is no time in the year when the settlor is regarded for
30the purposes of section 718(1)(b) as domiciled in the United
Kingdom as a result of section 835BA having effect because
of Condition A in that section being met.
(2) If—
(a) the individual is not resident in the United Kingdom at any
35time in the year, or
(b) section 809B, 809D or 809E (remittance basis) applies to the
individual for the year and none of the amount mentioned in
subsection (1)(a) of this section is remitted to the United
Kingdom in the year,
40the settlor is liable for the tax charged under section 731 on that
amount as if that amount were income arising to the settlor in the
year (and the individual is not liable in any later year for income tax
on that amount).
(a) 45section 809B, 809D or 809E (remittance basis) applies to the
individual for the year, and
(b) part only of the amount mentioned in subsection (1)(a) of this
section is remitted to the United Kingdom in the year,
the settlor is liable for the tax charged under section 731 on the
remainder of that amount as if that remainder were income arising
to the settlor in the year (and the individual is not liable in any later
year for income tax on that remainder).
(4) 5The amount mentioned in subsection (1)(a) may be the whole, or part
only, of the amount treated as arising to the individual under section
732 for the year in the case of the relevant transfer and its associated
(5) Where any tax for which the settlor is liable as a result of subsection
10(2) or (3) is paid, the settlor is entitled to recover the amount of the
tax from the individual.
(6) For the purpose of recovering that amount, the settlor is entitled to
require an officer of Revenue and Customs to give the settlor a
certificate specifying—
(a) 15the amount of the income concerned, and
(b) the amount of tax paid,
and any such certificate is conclusive evidence of the facts stated in it.
(7) For the purposes of subsection (1)(b)(ii), a person is a close member
of the family of the settlor if the person is—
(a) 20the settlor's spouse or civil partner, or
(b) a child of the settlor, or of a person within paragraph (a), if
the child has not reached the age of 18.
(8) For the purposes of subsection (7)—
(a) two people living together as if they were spouses of each
25other are treated as if they were spouses of each other, and
(b) two people of the same sex living together as | [
13,
311,
22580,
17869,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29896,
29898,
29896,
29909,
511,
393,
19228,
316,
22580,
13,
262,
2763,
338,
304,
367,
21049,
2954,
871,
577,
2215,
408,
372,
338,
19228,
316,
22580,
17869,
373,
13,
4716,
8818,
756,
1063,
20139,
1090,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29896,
363,
385,
8859,
8818,
1629,
1213,
13,
29908,
29955,
29941,
29941,
29909,
29871,
29896,
29900,
317,
1803,
5095,
619,
519,
363,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29896,
8323,
373,
16467,
29899,
12817,
7795,
1654,
653,
13,
29898,
29896,
29897,
3323,
27117,
313,
29906,
29897,
322,
313,
29941,
29897,
3394,
565,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
385,
5253,
310,
17869,
338,
14914,
408,
564,
5921,
304,
385,
5375,
13,
5062,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29906,
363,
263,
8818,
1629,
29892,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
1090,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29945,
29909,
313,
361,
372,
7436,
884,
363,
445,
6437,
29897,
393,
13,
29896,
29945,
14506,
723,
367,
19228,
30003,
13,
29898,
29875,
29897,
411,
385,
5253,
310,
8018,
17869,
393,
338,
6364,
13,
262,
2763,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
445,
1014,
29899,
26956,
313,
4149,
13,
27117,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29896,
29898,
29941,
5688,
29897,
322,
29871,
29955,
29906,
29947,
29898,
29896,
29933,
8243,
322,
13,
29898,
2236,
29897,
411,
263,
14169,
4520,
491,
278,
5375,
472,
263,
931,
13,
29906,
29900,
8256,
278,
5375,
471,
263,
3802,
4509,
313,
4149,
13,
7235,
313,
29955,
876,
310,
278,
3942,
310,
278,
3604,
5095,
310,
278,
13,
9915,
944,
15041,
29892,
13,
29898,
29883,
29897,
727,
338,
694,
931,
297,
278,
1629,
746,
278,
9311,
12712,
310,
278,
16493,
13,
598,
20201,
297,
278,
3303,
12626,
29892,
13,
29898,
29881,
29897,
29871,
29906,
29945,
12711,
338,
263,
931,
297,
278,
1629,
746,
278,
3604,
5095,
338,
20201,
297,
278,
13,
29898,
29872,
29897,
727,
338,
694,
931,
297,
278,
1629,
746,
278,
3604,
5095,
338,
2432,
293,
2356,
297,
13,
1552,
3303,
12626,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
29888,
29897,
727,
338,
694,
931,
297,
278,
1629,
746,
278,
3604,
5095,
338,
17878,
363,
13,
29941,
29900,
1552,
11976,
310,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29896,
29947,
29898,
29896,
5033,
29890,
29897,
408,
2432,
293,
2356,
297,
278,
3303,
13,
29968,
292,
3129,
408,
263,
1121,
310,
4004,
29871,
29947,
29941,
29945,
5688,
2534,
2779,
1363,
13,
974,
11790,
654,
319,
297,
393,
4004,
1641,
1539,
29889,
13,
29898,
29906,
29897,
960,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
278,
5375,
338,
451,
20201,
297,
278,
3303,
12626,
472,
738,
13,
29941,
29945,
2230,
297,
278,
1629,
29892,
470,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
4004,
29871,
29947,
29900,
29929,
29933,
29892,
29871,
29947,
29900,
29929,
29928,
470,
29871,
29947,
29900,
29929,
29923,
313,
1745,
986,
749,
8405,
29897,
16058,
304,
278,
13,
513,
23352,
363,
278,
1629,
322,
5642,
310,
278,
5253,
5276,
297,
13,
7235,
313,
29896,
5033,
29874,
29897,
310,
445,
4004,
338,
1083,
4430,
304,
278,
3303,
13,
29968,
292,
3129,
297,
278,
1629,
29892,
13,
29946,
29900,
1552,
3604,
5095,
338,
619,
519,
363,
278,
8818,
20139,
1090,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29896,
373,
393,
13,
14506,
408,
565,
393,
5253,
892,
17869,
564,
5921,
304,
278,
3604,
5095,
297,
278,
13,
6360,
313,
392,
278,
5375,
338,
451,
619,
519,
297,
738,
2678,
1629,
363,
17869,
8818,
13,
265,
393,
5253,
467,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
29871,
29946,
29945,
2042,
29871,
29947,
29900,
29929,
29933,
29892,
29871,
29947,
29900,
29929,
29928,
470,
29871,
29947,
29900,
29929,
29923,
313,
1745,
986,
749,
8405,
29897,
16058,
304,
278,
13,
513,
23352,
363,
278,
1629,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
760,
871,
310,
278,
5253,
5276,
297,
1014,
2042,
313,
29896,
5033,
29874,
29897,
310,
445,
13,
2042,
338,
1083,
4430,
304,
278,
3303,
12626,
297,
278,
1629,
29892,
13,
1552,
3604,
5095,
338,
619,
519,
363,
278,
8818,
20139,
1090,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29896,
373,
278,
13,
1745,
475,
672,
310,
393,
5253,
408,
565,
393,
21162,
892,
17869,
564,
5921,
13,
517,
278,
3604,
5095,
297,
278,
1629,
313,
392,
278,
5375,
338,
451,
619,
519,
297,
738,
2678,
13,
6360,
363,
17869,
8818,
373,
393,
21162,
467,
13,
29898,
29946,
29897,
29871,
29945,
1576,
5253,
5276,
297,
1014,
2042,
313,
29896,
5033,
29874,
29897,
1122,
367,
278,
3353,
29892,
470,
760,
13,
6194,
29892,
310,
278,
5253,
14914,
408,
564,
5921,
304,
278,
5375,
1090,
4004,
13,
29955,
29941,
29906,
363,
278,
1629,
297,
278,
1206,
310,
278,
8018,
6782,
322,
967,
6942,
13,
29898,
29945,
29897,
6804,
738,
8818,
363,
607,
278,
3604,
5095,
338,
619,
519,
408,
263,
1121,
310,
1014,
2042,
13,
29896,
29900,
29898,
29906,
29897,
470,
313,
29941,
29897,
338,
12530,
29892,
278,
3604,
5095,
338,
23437,
304,
9792,
278,
5253,
310,
278,
13,
20725,
515,
278,
5375,
29889,
13,
29898,
29953,
29897,
1152,
278,
6437,
310,
9792,
292,
393,
5253,
29892,
278,
3604,
5095,
338,
23437,
304,
13,
12277,
385,
12139,
310,
830,
9947,
322,
8701,
29879,
304,
2367,
278,
3604,
5095,
263,
13,
6327,
8021,
22146,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
29871,
29896,
29945,
1552,
5253,
310,
278,
17869,
15041,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
278,
5253,
310,
8818,
12530,
29892,
13,
392,
738,
1316,
12289,
338,
21204,
573,
10757,
310,
278,
17099,
8703,
297,
372,
29889,
13,
29898,
29955,
29897,
1152,
278,
11976,
310,
1014,
2042,
313,
29896,
5033,
29890,
5033,
2236,
511,
263,
2022,
338,
263,
3802,
4509,
13,
974,
278,
3942,
310,
278,
3604,
5095,
565,
278,
2022,
338,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
29871,
29906,
29900,
1552,
3604,
5095,
29915,
29879,
805,
1709,
470,
7631,
18096,
29892,
470,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
263,
2278,
310,
278,
3604,
5095,
29892,
470,
310,
263,
2022,
2629,
14880,
313,
29874,
511,
565,
13,
1552,
2278,
756,
451,
7450,
278,
5046,
310,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29889,
13,
29898,
29947,
29897,
1152,
278,
11976,
310,
1014,
2042,
313,
29955,
29897,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
1023,
2305,
8471,
4208,
408,
565,
896,
892,
805,
23676,
310,
1269,
13,
29906,
29945,
1228,
526,
14914,
408,
565,
896,
892,
805,
23676,
310,
1269,
916,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
1023,
2305,
310,
278,
1021,
7916,
8471,
4208,
408
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -1.360494 | 1.0804 | -1.33673 | -0.758546 |
if they were civil
partners of each other are treated as if they were civil partners
of each other.
(9) Sections 809L to 809Z6 (remittance basis: rules about when income is
30remitted, including rule treating pre-arising remittances of deemed
income as made when the income arises) apply for the purposes of
37 In section 735A(6) (matching of income on which individual charged under
section 731), after "individual" insert ", or as a result of section 733A another
35person,".
38 After section 735A insert—
"735B Settlor liable under section 733A and remittance basis applies
(1) This section applies in relation to income if—
(a) the income is treated by section 732 as arising to an individual
40("the beneficiary") for a tax year,
(b) another individual ("the settlor") is under section 733A(2) or
(3) liable for tax on the income, and
(c) section 809B, 809D or 809E (remittance basis) applies to the
settlor for that year.
(2) 45The income ("the transferred-liability deemed income") is treated as
relevant foreign income of the settlor.
(3) If, for the purposes of section 735 as it applies in relation to the
beneficiary, any benefit or relevant income relates to any part of the
transferred-liability deemed income then, for the purposes of
Chapter A1 of Part 14 as it applies in relation to the settlor, that
5benefit or relevant income is to be treated as deriving from that part
of the transferred-liability deemed income.
(4) In the application of section 832 of ITTOIA 2005 in relation to the
income, subsection (2) of that section has effect with the omission of
its paragraph (b)."
10Commencement of amendments in FA 2004, ITTOIA 2005 and ITA 2007
39 The amendments made by paragraphs 19 to 38 have effect for the tax year
2017-18 and subsequent tax years.
40 In Part 2 of Schedule 7 to FA 2008 (remittance basis: trusts etc), after
15paragraph 171 insert—
"172 (1) Sub-paragraph (2) has effect for the purposes of—
paragraphs 100(1)(b), 101(1)(c) and 102(1)(e),
paragraph (b) of paragraph 118(3) so far as having effect for
the purposes of paragraph 118(1)(d), and
20paragraphs 124(1)(b), 126(7)(b), 127(1)(e) and 151(1)(b).
(2) An individual not domiciled in the United Kingdom at a time in
the tax year 2017-18, or a later tax year, is to be regarded as
domiciled in the United Kingdom at that time if—
(a) the individual was born in the United Kingdom,
(b) 25the individual's domicile of origin was in the United
Kingdom, and
(c) the individual is resident in the United Kingdom for the
tax year concerned."
Part 3 30Capital gains tax rebasing
41 (1) This paragraph applies to the disposal of an asset by an individual ("P")
(a) the asset was held by P on 5 April 2017,
(b) the disposal is made on or after 6 April 2017,
(c) 35the asset was not situated in the United Kingdom at any time in the
relevant period, and
(d) P is a qualifying individual.
(2) The relevant period is the period which—
(a) begins with 16 March 2016 or, if later, the date on which P acquired
40the asset, and
(b) ends with 5 April 2017.
(3) P is a qual | [
565,
896,
892,
7631,
13,
1595,
8397,
310,
1269,
916,
526,
14914,
408,
565,
896,
892,
7631,
22056,
13,
974,
1269,
916,
29889,
13,
29898,
29929,
29897,
922,
1953,
29871,
29947,
29900,
29929,
29931,
304,
29871,
29947,
29900,
29929,
29999,
29953,
313,
1745,
986,
749,
8405,
29901,
6865,
1048,
746,
17869,
338,
13,
29941,
29900,
1745,
4430,
29892,
3704,
5751,
2578,
1218,
758,
29899,
279,
5921,
1083,
986,
2925,
310,
316,
22580,
13,
262,
2763,
408,
1754,
746,
278,
17869,
564,
4637,
29897,
3394,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
13,
29941,
29955,
512,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29945,
29909,
29898,
29953,
29897,
313,
4352,
292,
310,
17869,
373,
607,
5375,
20139,
1090,
13,
2042,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29896,
511,
1156,
376,
513,
23352,
29908,
4635,
9162,
470,
408,
263,
1121,
310,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29941,
29909,
1790,
13,
29941,
29945,
10532,
29892,
1642,
13,
29941,
29947,
2860,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29945,
29909,
4635,
30003,
13,
29908,
29955,
29941,
29945,
29933,
317,
1803,
5095,
619,
519,
1090,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29941,
29909,
322,
1083,
986,
749,
8405,
16058,
13,
29898,
29896,
29897,
910,
4004,
16058,
297,
8220,
304,
17869,
565,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
278,
17869,
338,
14914,
491,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29906,
408,
564,
5921,
304,
385,
5375,
13,
29946,
29900,
703,
1552,
7795,
1654,
653,
1159,
363,
263,
8818,
1629,
29892,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
1790,
5375,
4852,
1552,
3604,
5095,
1159,
338,
1090,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29941,
29909,
29898,
29906,
29897,
470,
13,
29898,
29941,
29897,
619,
519,
363,
8818,
373,
278,
17869,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
29883,
29897,
4004,
29871,
29947,
29900,
29929,
29933,
29892,
29871,
29947,
29900,
29929,
29928,
470,
29871,
29947,
29900,
29929,
29923,
313,
1745,
986,
749,
8405,
29897,
16058,
304,
278,
13,
9915,
5095,
363,
393,
1629,
29889,
13,
29898,
29906,
29897,
29871,
29946,
29945,
1576,
17869,
4852,
1552,
18440,
29899,
492,
3097,
316,
22580,
17869,
1159,
338,
14914,
408,
13,
276,
6591,
9117,
17869,
310,
278,
3604,
5095,
29889,
13,
29898,
29941,
29897,
960,
29892,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
4004,
29871,
29955,
29941,
29945,
408,
372,
16058,
297,
8220,
304,
278,
13,
1785,
1389,
1654,
653,
29892,
738,
14169,
470,
8018,
17869,
1104,
1078,
304,
738,
760,
310,
278,
13,
3286,
14373,
29899,
492,
3097,
316,
22580,
17869,
769,
29892,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
13,
1451,
3314,
319,
29896,
310,
3455,
29871,
29896,
29946,
408,
372,
16058,
297,
8220,
304,
278,
3604,
5095,
29892,
393,
13,
29945,
1785,
1389,
277,
470,
8018,
17869,
338,
304,
367,
14914,
408,
589,
4357,
515,
393,
760,
13,
974,
278,
18440,
29899,
492,
3097,
316,
22580,
17869,
29889,
13,
29898,
29946,
29897,
512,
278,
2280,
310,
4004,
29871,
29947,
29941,
29906,
310,
13315,
4986,
10764,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29945,
297,
8220,
304,
278,
13,
262,
2763,
29892,
1014,
2042,
313,
29906,
29897,
310,
393,
4004,
756,
2779,
411,
278,
2703,
2333,
310,
13,
1169,
14880,
313,
29890,
467,
29908,
13,
29896,
29900,
1523,
1527,
13561,
310,
626,
355,
1860,
297,
13515,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29946,
29892,
13315,
4986,
10764,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29945,
322,
306,
6040,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29955,
13,
29941,
29929,
450,
626,
355,
1860,
1754,
491,
14880,
29879,
29871,
29896,
29929,
304,
29871,
29941,
29947,
505,
2779,
363,
278,
8818,
1629,
13,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29899,
29896,
29947,
322,
15352,
8818,
2440,
29889,
13,
29946,
29900,
512,
3455,
29871,
29906,
310,
1102,
11272,
29871,
29955,
304,
13515,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29900,
29947,
313,
1745,
986,
749,
8405,
29901,
9311,
29879,
2992,
511,
1156,
13,
29896,
29945,
26956,
29871,
29896,
29955,
29896,
4635,
30003,
13,
29908,
29896,
29955,
29906,
313,
29896,
29897,
3323,
29899,
26956,
313,
29906,
29897,
756,
2779,
363,
278,
11976,
310,
30003,
13,
26956,
29879,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29900,
29898,
29896,
5033,
29890,
511,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29896,
29898,
29896,
5033,
29883,
29897,
322,
29871,
29896,
29900,
29906,
29898,
29896,
5033,
29872,
511,
13,
26956,
313,
29890,
29897,
310,
14880,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29947,
29898,
29941,
29897,
577,
2215,
408,
2534,
2779,
363,
13,
1552,
11976,
310,
14880,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29947,
29898,
29896,
5033,
29881,
511,
322,
13,
29906,
29900,
26956,
29879,
29871,
29896,
29906,
29946,
29898,
29896,
5033,
29890,
511,
29871,
29896,
29906,
29953,
29898,
29955,
5033,
29890,
511,
29871,
29896,
29906,
29955,
29898,
29896,
5033,
29872,
29897,
322,
29871,
29896,
29945,
29896,
29898,
29896,
5033,
29890,
467,
13,
29898,
29906,
29897,
530,
5375,
451,
2432,
293,
2356,
297,
278,
3303,
12626,
472,
263,
931,
297,
13,
1552,
8818,
1629,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29899,
29896,
29947,
29892,
470,
263,
2678,
8818,
1629,
29892,
338,
304,
367,
17878,
408,
13,
3129,
293,
2356,
297,
278,
3303,
12626,
472,
393,
931,
565,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
278,
5375,
471,
6345,
297,
278,
3303,
12626,
29892,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
29871,
29906,
29945,
1552,
5375,
29915,
29879,
2432,
25123,
310,
3978,
471,
297,
278,
3303,
13,
29968,
292,
3129,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
29883,
29897,
278,
5375,
338,
20201,
297,
278,
3303,
12626,
363,
278,
13,
20725,
1629,
15041,
1213,
13,
7439,
29871,
29941,
29871,
29941,
29900,
12415,
2410,
330,
2708,
8818,
15121,
5832,
13,
29946,
29896,
313,
29896,
29897,
910,
14880,
16058,
304,
278,
11549,
284,
310,
385,
24342,
491,
385,
5375,
4852,
29925,
1159,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
278,
24342,
471,
4934,
491,
349,
373,
29871,
29945,
3786,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29892,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
278,
11549,
284,
338,
1754,
373,
470,
1156,
29871,
29953,
3786,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29892,
13,
29898,
29883,
29897,
29871,
29941,
29945,
1552,
24342,
471,
451,
24046,
297,
278,
3303,
12626,
472,
738,
931,
297,
278,
13,
276,
6591,
3785,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
29881,
29897,
349,
338,
263,
4021,
9215,
5375,
29889,
13,
29898,
29906,
29897,
450,
8018,
3785,
338,
278,
3785,
607,
30003,
13,
29898,
29874,
29897,
16410,
411,
29871,
29896,
29953,
4779,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29953,
470,
29892,
565,
2678,
29892,
278,
2635,
373,
607,
349,
16692,
13,
29946,
29900,
1552,
24342,
29892,
322,
13,
29898,
29890,
29897,
10614,
411,
29871,
29945,
3786,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29955,
29889,
13,
29898,
29941,
29897,
349,
338,
263,
4021
] | 1,024 | CommonCrawl | -1.618615 | 0.815652 | -1.06416 | -0.852147 |
Beyond: Two Souls is an interactive drama and action-adventure game for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4 and Windows, developed by Quantic Dream and published by Sony Computer Entertainment. It was originally released on 8 October 2013 for the PlayStation 3, later being re-released for the PlayStation 4 on 24 November 2015 and Windows on 22 July 2019. The game features Jodie Holmes, one of two player characters. The other is an incorporeal entity named Aiden: a separate soul linked to Jodie since birth. Jodie, who is portrayed by actor Elliot Page, possesses supernatural powers through her psychic link to Aiden, growing from adolescence to adulthood while learning to control Aiden and the powers they share. Willem Dafoe co-stars as Nathan Dawkins, a researcher in the Department of Paranormal Activity and Jodie's surrogate-father-figure. The actors in the game worked during the year-long project in Quantic Dream's Paris studio to perform on-set voice acting and motion-capture acting.
Despite being a video game, Beyond: Two Souls premiered at the 2013 Tribeca Film Festival, marking only the second time the film festival recognised a video game. David Cage, writer and director of the game, explained that game development studios should provide "interactive storytelling" that can be played by everyone, including non-gamers. The game received polarised critical reception upon its release, and sold 2.8 million units by July 2018.
Gameplay
Beyond: Two Souls is an interactive drama and action-adventure game, requiring the player to move and guide the character into interactions with objects and other non-player characters in the scene to progress the story. The player primarily controls Jodie through the in-game environments. At almost any time, however, the player (or second player during a two-player game) can switch to control Aiden instead. Aiden, as an incorporeal entity, exists permanently in noclip mode and can move through walls, ceilings, and other obstacles; however, he is limited to moving only within a certain radius around Jodie due to their spiritual tethering.
While playing as Jodie, the game includes interactive objects marked with a white dot, which can be interacted with by tilting the controller stick in its direction. If Jodie must perform a specific action, icons pop up on the screen to prompt the player to press and/or hold certain controller buttons. Conversation prompts float in the air, defaulting to a certain choice if too much time passes before selection. During action sequences, like chases or hand-to-hand combat, the cinematography moves into slow motion whilst Jodie performs the physical manoeuvre; during this time, the player must determine the direction Jodie is moving and push the controller stick in that direction to complete the action. Other sequences require real-time stealth, which has the player sneak Jodie through environments while coordinating certain actions with Aiden. Failing certain action sequences will alter the course of a chapter (and sometimes later chapters) and in some cases lead to the death of a non-playable character.
While playing as Aiden, the game becomes monochromatic. Amongst the shades of greys, interactive objects are highlighted by an aura shining in one of several colours, with the colour of the aura indicating his potential interaction: orange characters can be possessed, red characters strangled, blue objects (or characters with environmental effects) knocked around, and green characters healed. Jodie frequently calls upon Aiden to provide different abilities, such as form a protective shield around her, allow the dead to speak to the living through her, grant her an ability to see events of the recent past, and enable her to heal a character's wounds.
As the player makes choices throughout the game, the gameplay's plot is revealed. Besides affecting dialogue and story developments, the outcome of entire scenes (and in some cases, the outcome of scenes several chapters later) can be manipulated to a certain extent based on player choices. These choices are typically moral decisions made through Jodie's dialogue options, interventions with various characters, success or failure in her combat scenes, or psychic actions that the player chooses to have Aiden perform. Examples of choice-based outcomes are the chapter titled The Party, where the player is given the choice of un | [
18502,
898,
29901,
7803,
9194,
3137,
338,
385,
28923,
18621,
322,
3158,
29899,
328,
794,
545,
3748,
363,
278,
7412,
22814,
29871,
29941,
29892,
7412,
22814,
29871,
29946,
322,
3852,
29892,
8906,
491,
751,
7716,
16814,
322,
6369,
491,
28465,
20972,
18189,
29889,
739,
471,
10437,
5492,
373,
29871,
29947,
5533,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
363,
278,
7412,
22814,
29871,
29941,
29892,
2678,
1641,
337,
29899,
276,
4611,
363,
278,
7412,
22814,
29871,
29946,
373,
29871,
29906,
29946,
3979,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29945,
322,
3852,
373,
29871,
29906,
29906,
5468,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29929,
29889,
450,
3748,
5680,
435,
397,
347,
4168,
4467,
29892,
697,
310,
1023,
4847,
4890,
29889,
450,
916,
338,
385,
6178,
29886,
487,
284,
7855,
4257,
319,
3615,
29901,
263,
5004,
10752,
9024,
304,
435,
397,
347,
1951,
12060,
29889,
435,
397,
347,
29892,
1058,
338,
2011,
25724,
491,
11339,
26656,
327,
9305,
29892,
3119,
15322,
2428,
25047,
10801,
1549,
902,
11643,
293,
1544,
304,
319,
3615,
29892,
15678,
515,
594,
6544,
29883,
663,
304,
594,
352,
386,
2092,
1550,
6509,
304,
2761,
319,
3615,
322,
278,
10801,
896,
6232,
29889,
26173,
29885,
7266,
1181,
29872,
1302,
29899,
303,
1503,
408,
27650,
29461,
11335,
29892,
263,
5925,
261,
297,
278,
10317,
310,
1459,
273,
2759,
13414,
322,
435,
397,
347,
29915,
29879,
1190,
9102,
403,
29899,
22212,
29899,
4532,
29889,
450,
29701,
297,
278,
3748,
3796,
2645,
278,
1629,
29899,
5426,
2060,
297,
751,
7716,
16814,
29915,
29879,
3681,
8693,
304,
2189,
373,
29899,
842,
7314,
16684,
322,
10884,
29899,
17885,
545,
16684,
29889,
13,
13,
4002,
29886,
568,
1641,
263,
4863,
3748,
29892,
18502,
898,
29901,
7803,
9194,
3137,
7017,
287,
472,
278,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
16855,
13273,
4643,
8518,
29892,
2791,
292,
871,
278,
1473,
931,
278,
2706,
16005,
5936,
3368,
263,
4863,
3748,
29889,
4699,
315,
482,
29892,
9227,
322,
8881,
310,
278,
3748,
29892,
10824,
393,
3748,
5849,
1921,
2363,
881,
3867,
376,
1639,
4925,
5828,
29873,
7807,
29908,
393,
508,
367,
5318,
491,
14332,
29892,
3704,
1661,
29899,
29887,
314,
414,
29889,
450,
3748,
4520,
16755,
3368,
12187,
25647,
2501,
967,
6507,
29892,
322,
5239,
29871,
29906,
29889,
29947,
7284,
10340,
491,
5468,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29947,
29889,
13,
13,
14199,
1456,
29871,
13,
29933,
1032,
898,
29901,
7803,
9194,
3137,
338,
385,
28923,
18621,
322,
3158,
29899,
328,
794,
545,
3748,
29892,
26795,
278,
4847,
304,
4337,
322,
10754,
278,
2931,
964,
22060,
411,
3618,
322,
916,
1661,
29899,
9106,
4890,
297,
278,
9088,
304,
6728,
278,
5828,
29889,
450,
4847,
19434,
11761,
435,
397,
347,
1549,
278,
297,
29899,
11802,
23136,
29889,
2180,
4359,
738,
931,
29892,
3138,
29892,
278,
4847,
313,
272,
1473,
4847,
2645,
263,
1023,
29899,
9106,
3748,
29897,
508,
4607,
304,
2761,
319,
3615,
2012,
29889,
319,
3615,
29892,
408,
385,
6178,
29886,
487,
284,
7855,
29892,
4864,
9410,
2705,
297,
302,
542,
3466,
4464,
322,
508,
4337,
1549,
14603,
29892,
2257,
309,
886,
29892,
322,
916,
14979,
23435,
29936,
3138,
29892,
540,
338,
9078,
304,
8401,
871,
2629,
263,
3058,
11855,
2820,
435,
397,
347,
2861,
304,
1009,
20954,
260,
1979,
292,
29889,
13,
13,
8809,
488,
8743,
408,
435,
397,
347,
29892,
278,
3748,
7805,
28923,
3618,
10902,
411,
263,
4796,
8329,
29892,
607,
508,
367,
16254,
287,
411,
491,
6928,
1259,
278,
4701,
12070,
297,
967,
5305,
29889,
960,
435,
397,
347,
1818,
2189,
263,
2702,
3158,
29892,
27673,
1835,
701,
373,
278,
4315,
304,
9508,
278,
4847,
304,
3965,
322,
29914,
272,
4808,
3058,
4701,
9828,
29889,
1281,
874,
362,
9508,
29879,
5785,
297,
278,
4799,
29892,
2322,
292,
304,
263,
3058,
7348,
565,
2086,
1568,
931,
14517,
1434,
9262,
29889,
7133,
3158,
15602,
29892,
763,
521,
2129,
470,
1361,
29899,
517,
29899,
3179,
15499,
29892,
278,
25955,
5275,
16229,
964,
5232,
10884,
21109,
435,
397,
347,
23233,
278,
9128,
767,
7297,
4090,
276,
29936,
2645,
445,
931,
29892,
278,
4847,
1818,
8161,
278,
5305,
435,
397,
347,
338,
8401,
322,
5503,
278,
4701,
12070,
297,
393,
5305,
304,
4866,
278,
3158,
29889,
5901,
15602,
1996,
1855,
29899,
2230,
1886,
4298,
29892,
607,
756,
278,
4847,
269,
484,
557,
435,
397,
347,
1549,
23136,
1550,
6615,
1218,
3058,
8820,
411,
319,
3615,
29889,
29098,
292,
3058,
3158,
15602,
674,
10551,
278,
3236,
310,
263,
16385,
313,
392,
6041,
2678,
10708,
2153,
29897,
322,
297,
777,
4251,
3275,
304,
278,
4892,
310,
263,
1661,
29899,
1456,
519,
2931,
29889,
13,
13,
8809,
488,
8743,
408,
319,
3615,
29892,
278,
3748,
7415,
1601,
2878,
456,
2454,
29889,
17302,
303,
278,
528,
3076,
310,
1395,
952,
29892,
28923,
3618,
526,
12141,
287,
491,
385,
263,
2002,
528,
2827,
297,
697,
310,
3196,
28061,
29892,
411,
278,
12384,
310,
278,
263,
2002,
23941,
670,
7037,
14881,
29901,
24841,
4890,
508,
367,
25622,
29892,
2654,
4890,
851,
574,
839,
29892,
7254,
3618,
313,
272,
4890,
411,
29380,
9545,
29897,
18232,
287,
2820,
29892,
322,
7933,
4890,
540,
7943,
29889,
435,
397,
347,
13672,
5717,
2501,
319,
3615,
304,
3867,
1422,
633,
9770,
29892,
1316,
408,
883,
263,
12566,
573,
28761,
2820,
902,
29892,
2758,
278,
7123,
304,
7726,
304,
278,
8471,
1549,
902,
29892,
16690,
902,
385,
11509,
304,
1074,
4959,
310,
278,
7786,
4940,
29892,
322,
9025,
902,
304,
540,
284,
263,
2931,
29915,
29879,
281,
3885,
29889,
13,
13,
2887,
278,
4847,
3732,
19995,
10106,
278,
3748,
29892,
278,
3748,
1456,
29915,
29879,
6492,
338,
17845,
29889,
19065,
6602,
292,
7928,
434,
322,
5828,
2693,
1860,
29892,
278,
21957,
310,
4152,
20407,
313,
392,
297,
777,
4251,
29892,
278,
21957,
310,
20407,
3196,
10708,
2153,
2678,
29897,
508,
367,
11525,
7964,
304,
263,
3058,
15834,
2729,
373,
4847,
19995,
29889,
4525,
19995,
526,
12234,
14731,
1602,
12112,
1754,
1549,
435,
397,
347,
29915,
29879,
7928,
434,
3987,
29892,
1006,
794,
1080,
411,
5164,
4890,
29892,
2551,
470,
10672,
297,
902,
15499,
20407,
29892,
470,
11643,
293,
8820,
393,
278,
4847,
3060,
15806,
304,
505,
319,
3615,
2189,
29889,
1222,
9422,
310,
7348,
29899,
6707,
714,
26807,
526,
278,
16385,
25278,
450,
9173,
29892,
988,
278,
4847,
338,
2183,
278,
7348,
310,
443
] | 1,024 | Wikipedia | 0.652848 | 0.462655 | 1.012392 | 0.592975 |
leashing brutal revenge toward a group of bullies or simply running away, and the chapter titled The Embassy, where the player can either engage in psychic information retrieval or can jeopardise the mission by forcing one of the guards to commit suicide. Choices also determine the finale of Beyond: Two Souls, as any number of possible plot endings can be experienced by the player.
Plot
Young Jodie Holmes (Caroline Wolfson) lives with her foster parents in a suburban home. Since birth, Jodie has had a psychic connection with a mysterious entity named Aiden, with whom she can communicate and perform telepathic acts, such as possessing people's minds and manipulating certain objects. After an incident with some neighbourhood kids results in Aiden almost killing one of them, Jodie's foster parents seek help to care for her condition, permanently leaving her under the custody of doctors Nathan Dawkins (Willem Dafoe) and Cole Freeman (Kadeem Hardison) of the United States Department of Paranormal Activity.
Under the two doctors' care, Jodie slowly learns to control Aiden and the powers they share. During this time, Nathan and Cole are building the condenser, a portal that connects the world of the living with the world of the dead—the Infraworld. One night, Nathan learns that his wife and daughter were killed in a car accident. While trying to comfort him, Jodie discovers that she can channel spirits of the dead from the Infraworld; she helps the spirits speak to the living through a psychic link created by her physical contact. As the years pass, a teenage Jodie (Elliot Page) seeks her independence, both from the doctors and from Aiden, and tries several times to live a normal life. At each attempt, Aiden intervenes, ending in disaster.
At one point, Nathan asks for Jodie's help with the condenser, which has broken open. After braving hostile entities from the Infraworld, Jodie manages to shut down the condenser and warns Nathan not to build another. This gets the attention of the CIA, who send agent Ryan Clayton (Eric Winter) to forcibly recruit Jodie. After training, the now-adult Jodie goes on multiple missions as a field agent, often with Ryan, to whom she slowly becomes attracted. On one such mission in Somalia, Jodie is assigned to kill a warlord, only to realize afterwards that the target she killed was not a warlord, but the country's benign president. Enraged, Jodie flees in disgust, despite Ryan's pleas. Branded a traitor, Jodie becomes a fugitive, evading pursuing CIA forces. Along the way, she befriends a small group of homeless people, one of whom she helps give birth to a girl named Zoey, and she lives with a family of Native Americans, during which she saves them from a malevolent entity. The CIA eventually recaptures Jodie after she attempts to reconnect with her catatonic biological mother, who has been held and forcibly drugged for decades in a military hospital.
The CIA hands Jodie over to Nathan, now executive director of the DPA, overseeing the DPA's newest condenser, code-named the Black Sun. He reveals that the CIA is willing to let Jodie go if she agrees to a final mission. Jodie and a CIA team led by Ryan destroy an underwater facility housing a Chinese-developed condenser before it is used to attack the United States. Jodie then learns that Nathan built a miniature condenser to speak exclusively to his family, but without success. After showing Nathan that his refusal to let them go is only making them suffer, Jodie tries to leave, only to be held in captivity by the CIA—the organisation has deemed her too dangerous to be free and intends to subject her to the same fate as her mother. The now-insane Nathan informs Jodie that he intends to shut down the containment field to the Black Sun, merging the two worlds together and making death meaningless. Too weak to free Jodie, Aiden contacts Ryan and Cole, leading them to her. After Nathan shuts down the containment field, the three chase after him into the heart of the Black Sun, with the intent of destroying it.
During the trek towards the Black Sun, Cole | [
280,
1161,
292,
26644,
284,
20957,
479,
11183,
263,
2318,
310,
8227,
3687,
470,
3763,
2734,
3448,
29892,
322,
278,
16385,
25278,
450,
28735,
465,
29891,
29892,
988,
278,
4847,
508,
2845,
3033,
482,
297,
11643,
293,
2472,
5663,
16837,
470,
508,
1444,
459,
538,
895,
278,
10655,
491,
28172,
697,
310,
278,
1410,
3163,
304,
9063,
23921,
680,
29889,
14542,
1575,
884,
8161,
278,
10996,
310,
18502,
898,
29901,
7803,
9194,
3137,
29892,
408,
738,
1353,
310,
1950,
6492,
1095,
886,
508,
367,
18860,
491,
278,
4847,
29889,
13,
13,
20867,
29871,
13,
3492,
865,
435,
397,
347,
4168,
4467,
313,
8179,
26496,
10441,
1100,
29897,
12080,
411,
902,
9926,
261,
11825,
297,
263,
1014,
25006,
3271,
29889,
4001,
12060,
29892,
435,
397,
347,
756,
750,
263,
11643,
293,
3957,
411,
263,
22277,
2738,
7855,
4257,
319,
3615,
29892,
411,
6029,
1183,
508,
23120,
322,
2189,
4382,
2084,
293,
14741,
29892,
1316,
408,
22592,
292,
2305,
29915,
29879,
27656,
322,
11525,
18099,
3058,
3618,
29889,
2860,
385,
15134,
411,
777,
29643,
413,
4841,
2582,
297,
319,
3615,
4359,
23393,
697,
310,
963,
29892,
435,
397,
347,
29915,
29879,
9926,
261,
11825,
16508,
1371,
304,
2562,
363,
902,
4195,
29892,
9410,
2705,
10124,
902,
1090,
278,
25387,
1486,
310,
437,
14359,
27650,
29461,
11335,
313,
29956,
1924,
29885,
7266,
1181,
29872,
29897,
322,
16816,
3878,
11422,
313,
29968,
1943,
331,
10999,
2285,
29897,
310,
278,
3303,
3900,
10317,
310,
1459,
273,
2759,
13414,
29889,
13,
13,
29177,
278,
1023,
437,
14359,
29915,
2562,
29892,
435,
397,
347,
14205,
24298,
1983,
304,
2761,
319,
3615,
322,
278,
10801,
896,
6232,
29889,
7133,
445,
931,
29892,
27650,
322,
16816,
526,
5214,
278,
2148,
25594,
29892,
263,
25792,
393,
4511,
29879,
278,
3186,
310,
278,
8471,
411,
278,
3186,
310,
278,
7123,
30003,
1552,
9969,
1610,
1613,
29889,
3118,
4646,
29892,
27650,
24298,
1983,
393,
670,
6532,
322,
8750,
892,
9445,
297,
263,
1559,
11423,
29889,
5806,
1811,
304,
13016,
1075,
29892,
435,
397,
347,
17021,
874,
393,
1183,
508,
8242,
26829,
310,
278,
7123,
515,
278,
9969,
1610,
1613,
29936,
1183,
6911,
278,
26829,
7726,
304,
278,
8471,
1549,
263,
11643,
293,
1544,
2825,
491,
902,
9128,
6958,
29889,
1094,
278,
2440,
1209,
29892,
263,
734,
264,
482,
435,
397,
347,
313,
6489,
492,
327,
9305,
29897,
1074,
2039,
902,
21820,
29892,
1716,
515,
278,
437,
14359,
322,
515,
319,
3615,
29892,
322,
14335,
3196,
3064,
304,
5735,
263,
4226,
2834,
29889,
2180,
1269,
4218,
29892,
319,
3615,
26314,
267,
29892,
17140,
297,
766,
1901,
29889,
13,
13,
4178,
697,
1298,
29892,
27650,
19514,
363,
435,
397,
347,
29915,
29879,
1371,
411,
278,
2148,
25594,
29892,
607,
756,
9391,
1722,
29889,
2860,
4105,
1747,
3495,
488,
16212,
515,
278,
9969,
1610,
1613,
29892,
435,
397,
347,
767,
1179,
304,
12522,
1623,
278,
2148,
25594,
322,
1370,
1983,
27650,
451,
304,
2048,
1790,
29889,
910,
4947,
278,
8570,
310,
278,
315,
10764,
29892,
1058,
3638,
10823,
20916,
26234,
880,
313,
2110,
293,
12267,
29897,
304,
363,
455,
29890,
368,
1162,
9216,
435,
397,
347,
29889,
2860,
6694,
29892,
278,
1286,
29899,
328,
499,
435,
397,
347,
5771,
373,
2999,
3052,
1080,
408,
263,
1746,
10823,
29892,
4049,
411,
20916,
29892,
304,
6029,
1183,
14205,
7415,
13978,
287,
29889,
1551,
697,
1316,
10655,
297,
6254,
19627,
29892,
435,
397,
347,
338,
9859,
304,
12088,
263,
1370,
29880,
536,
29892,
871,
304,
16289,
12335,
393,
278,
3646,
1183,
9445,
471,
451,
263,
1370,
29880,
536,
29892,
541,
278,
4234,
29915,
29879,
3856,
647,
6673,
29889,
1174,
1431,
287,
29892,
435,
397,
347,
9115,
267,
297,
766,
29887,
504,
29892,
15020,
20916,
29915,
29879,
5644,
294,
29889,
18007,
287,
263,
1020,
2105,
29892,
435,
397,
347,
7415,
263,
20924,
3321,
29892,
3415,
9382,
12359,
26420,
315,
10764,
8249,
29889,
838,
549,
278,
982,
29892,
1183,
367,
7932,
1975,
263,
2319,
2318,
310,
3632,
6393,
2305,
29892,
697,
310,
6029,
1183,
6911,
2367,
12060,
304,
263,
7826,
4257,
17421,
1032,
29892,
322,
1183,
12080,
411,
263,
3942,
310,
19042,
23035,
29892,
2645,
607,
1183,
27401,
963,
515,
263,
14263,
1555,
296,
7855,
29889,
450,
315,
10764,
10201,
337,
17885,
1973,
435,
397,
347,
1156,
1183,
14734,
304,
337,
6915,
411,
902,
6635,
271,
8927,
4768,
5996,
5637,
29892,
1058,
756,
1063,
4934,
322,
363,
455,
29890,
368,
5883,
1505,
287,
363,
1602,
3076,
297,
263,
9121,
13457,
29889,
13,
13,
1576,
315,
10764,
6567,
435,
397,
347,
975,
304,
27650,
29892,
1286,
22760,
8881,
310,
278,
360,
7228,
29892,
975,
4149,
292,
278,
360,
7228,
29915,
29879,
716,
342,
2148,
25594,
29892,
775,
29899,
17514,
278,
6054,
8991,
29889,
940,
10320,
1338,
393,
278,
315,
10764,
338,
17762,
304,
1235,
435,
397,
347,
748,
565,
1183,
8571,
267,
304,
263,
2186,
10655,
29889,
435,
397,
347,
322,
263,
315,
10764,
3815,
5331,
491,
20916,
8174,
385,
1090,
13405,
24454,
27261,
263,
10013,
29899,
4888,
287,
2148,
25594,
1434,
372,
338,
1304,
304,
5337,
278,
3303,
3900,
29889,
435,
397,
347,
769,
24298,
1983,
393,
27650,
4240,
263,
20629,
1535,
2148,
25594,
304,
7726,
13489,
3598,
304,
670,
3942,
29892,
541,
1728,
2551,
29889,
2860,
6445,
27650,
393,
670,
2143,
375,
284,
304,
1235,
963,
748,
338,
871,
3907,
963,
8812,
29892,
435,
397,
347,
14335,
304,
5967,
29892,
871,
304,
367,
4934,
297,
4332,
2068,
491,
278,
315,
10764,
30003,
1552,
24788,
756,
316,
22580,
902,
2086,
18215,
304,
367,
3889,
322,
938,
1975,
304,
4967,
902,
304,
278,
1021,
23779,
408,
902,
5637,
29889,
450,
1286,
29899,
1144,
1662,
27650,
1871,
29879,
435,
397,
347,
393,
540,
938,
1975,
304,
12522,
1623,
278,
1712,
358,
1746,
304,
278,
6054,
8991,
29892,
2778,
3460,
278,
1023,
3186,
29879,
4208,
322,
3907,
4892,
6593,
2222,
29889,
1763,
29877,
8062,
304,
3889,
435,
397,
347,
29892,
319,
3615,
25957,
20916,
322,
16816,
29892,
8236,
963,
304,
902,
29889,
2860,
27650,
528,
8842,
1623,
278,
1712,
358,
1746,
29892,
278,
2211,
521,
559,
1156,
1075,
964,
278,
5192,
310,
278,
6054,
8991,
29892,
411,
278,
7609,
310,
8174,
292,
372,
29889,
13,
13,
29928,
3864,
278,
2578,
29895,
7113,
278,
6054,
8991,
29892,
16816
] | 1,024 | Wikipedia | 1.1229 | 0.966195 | 1.173782 | 0.415892 |
is injured by entities and Ryan sacrifices his own safety to keep Jodie alive. Eventually, Jodie confronts Nathan near the Black Sun. Nathan is either killed by Aiden or commits suicide to reunite with his family. As Jodie shuts down the condenser, she has a vision—Aiden is her stillborn twin brother. Jodie must make a choice: go back to the world of the living, or go on to the Infraworld and be reunited with everyone she has lost. If Jodie chooses Life, her connection to Aiden is severed and she is no longer useful to the CIA. Jodie must choose how to live her life, either alone or with Ryan, Jay, or Zoey and her family. If Jodie chooses Beyond, she joins Aiden and other lost ones in the Infraworld, dying in the process. She continues to watch over those who remain in the living world, warning the now-teenage Zoey of the coming danger. By the story's end, the Infraworld has become a widespread threat in the not-so-distant future. Either Jodie, Zoey, or both of them prepare to confront the threat.
Development
David Cage, founder and CEO of Quantic Dream, announced Beyond: Two Souls at Sony's press conference during the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2012. He showed the crowd a debut trailer featuring the game's in-game graphics. When he was asked to compare Beyond: Two Souls to Quantic Dream's previous game Heavy Rain, Cage described Beyond as a "more action-driven experience" that offers "much more direct control" and "much more spectacular action" than the 2010 thriller. Cage has called his games "fully controllable" while admitting "when there is an action sequence, yes we integrate these quick time event sequences ... in a new way." Unlike Quantic Dream's previous game, Beyond was not to be PlayStation Move compatible. Earlier games created by Cage, which have been called "wrought psychological thrillers", demonstrate that emotional narrative is a critical element in a Quantic Dream game's development. The script for the game was around 2,000 pages long (an average screenplay is between 95 and 125 pages long; each page is approximately one minute of screen time). "We'd do 30, 40 pages a day. It's insane compared to a film," Page said in an interview. "Jodie goes through a lot. This is an incredibly emotional story and journey for this girl."
Quantic Dream, an advanced motion capture studio as well as video game developer, required the Beyond: Two Souls actors to perform motion-capture acting as well as on-set voice acting. Actors cast in the game worked during the year-long project in the Paris studio to perform the physical actions seen onscreen as performed by their fully realised video game graphic characters. Meanwhile, Quantic Dream programmers, artists, and animators, led by art director Christophe Brusseaux, designed the computer-generated imagery seen in the game. David Cage provided writing and direction and Guillaume de Fondaumière was the executive producer.
Beyond: Two Souls is dedicated to composer Normand Corbeil, who died of pancreatic cancer on 25 January 2013. Corbeil had worked on Quantic Dream's Heavy Rain and its predecessor Fahrenheit and was unable to finish his work on Beyond. Lorne Balfe, who wrote the score for Assassin's Creed III, replaced Corbeil as the game's composer after Corbeil's death. Balfe's collaborator Hans Zimmer joined him as producer in August 2013.
On 27 April 2013, five months before the game's debut, Quantic Dream released a new trailer and demonstrated 35 minutes of the game at the 2013 Tribeca Film Festival, with both Page and Cage in attendance. This marks only the second time the film festival recognised a video game, the first being 2011's L.A. Noire. In interviews conducted immediately prior to the game's worldwide release, Cage explained that development studios like Quantic Dream have an obligation to provide "interactive storytelling" that can be played by everyone, including non-gamers.
Release
On 5 September 2013, the PlayStation B | [
338,
28606,
491,
16212,
322,
20916,
26285,
267,
670,
1914,
15332,
304,
3013,
435,
397,
347,
18758,
29889,
6864,
1474,
29892,
435,
397,
347,
21751,
29879,
27650,
2978,
278,
6054,
8991,
29889,
27650,
338,
2845,
9445,
491,
319,
3615,
470,
25741,
23921,
680,
304,
23038,
568,
411,
670,
3942,
29889,
1094,
435,
397,
347,
528,
8842,
1623,
278,
2148,
25594,
29892,
1183,
756,
263,
18551,
30003,
29909,
3615,
338,
902,
1603,
4939,
3252,
262,
8099,
29889,
435,
397,
347,
1818,
1207,
263,
7348,
29901,
748,
1250,
304,
278,
3186,
310,
278,
8471,
29892,
470,
748,
373,
304,
278,
9969,
1610,
1613,
322,
367,
23038,
1573,
411,
14332,
1183,
756,
5714,
29889,
960,
435,
397,
347,
3060,
15806,
4634,
29892,
902,
3957,
304,
319,
3615,
338,
2775,
287,
322,
1183,
338,
694,
5520,
5407,
304,
278,
315,
10764,
29889,
435,
397,
347,
1818,
6755,
920,
304,
5735,
902,
2834,
29892,
2845,
7432,
470,
411,
20916,
29892,
19556,
29892,
470,
17421,
1032,
322,
902,
3942,
29889,
960,
435,
397,
347,
3060,
15806,
18502,
898,
29892,
1183,
26205,
319,
3615,
322,
916,
5714,
6743,
297,
278,
9969,
1610,
1613,
29892,
27116,
297,
278,
1889,
29889,
2296,
18172,
304,
6505,
975,
1906,
1058,
3933,
297,
278,
8471,
3186,
29892,
9177,
278,
1286,
29899,
9404,
482,
17421,
1032,
310,
278,
6421,
9703,
29889,
2648,
278,
5828,
29915,
29879,
1095,
29892,
278,
9969,
1610,
1613,
756,
4953,
263,
281,
2247,
29886,
949,
28469,
297,
278,
451,
29899,
578,
29899,
5721,
424,
5434,
29889,
20370,
435,
397,
347,
29892,
17421,
1032,
29892,
470,
1716,
310,
963,
19012,
304,
21751,
278,
28469,
29889,
13,
13,
21956,
358,
29871,
13,
13,
19504,
315,
482,
29892,
25331,
322,
14645,
29949,
310,
751,
7716,
16814,
29892,
9326,
18502,
898,
29901,
7803,
9194,
3137,
472,
28465,
29915,
29879,
3965,
21362,
2645,
278,
28251,
293,
18189,
1222,
1129,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29906,
29889,
940,
10018,
278,
19174,
263,
9512,
1020,
3955,
23425,
278,
3748,
29915,
29879,
297,
29899,
11802,
18533,
29889,
1932,
540,
471,
4433,
304,
7252,
18502,
898,
29901,
7803,
9194,
3137,
304,
751,
7716,
16814,
29915,
29879,
3517,
3748,
940,
5301,
21431,
29892,
315,
482,
5439,
18502,
898,
408,
263,
376,
5514,
3158,
29899,
24477,
854,
7271,
29908,
393,
16688,
376,
29885,
987,
901,
1513,
2761,
29908,
322,
376,
29885,
987,
901,
6683,
562,
1070,
3158,
29908,
1135,
278,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29900,
1468,
5495,
29889,
315,
482,
756,
2000,
670,
8090,
376,
3730,
640,
1245,
519,
29908,
1550,
7336,
5367,
376,
8256,
727,
338,
385,
3158,
5665,
29892,
4874,
591,
22782,
1438,
4996,
931,
1741,
15602,
2023,
297,
263,
716,
982,
1213,
853,
4561,
751,
7716,
16814,
29915,
29879,
3517,
3748,
29892,
18502,
898,
471,
451,
304,
367,
7412,
22814,
25249,
15878,
29889,
5290,
4926,
8090,
2825,
491,
315,
482,
29892,
607,
505,
1063,
2000,
376,
15866,
1774,
11643,
5996,
1468,
453,
414,
613,
22222,
393,
23023,
1848,
15474,
1230,
338,
263,
12187,
1543,
297,
263,
751,
7716,
16814,
3748,
29915,
29879,
5849,
29889,
450,
2471,
363,
278,
3748,
471,
2820,
29871,
29906,
29892,
29900,
29900,
29900,
6515,
1472,
313,
273,
6588,
4315,
1456,
338,
1546,
29871,
29929,
29945,
322,
29871,
29896,
29906,
29945,
6515,
1472,
29936,
1269,
1813,
338,
14235,
697,
11015,
310,
4315,
931,
467,
376,
4806,
29915,
29881,
437,
29871,
29941,
29900,
29892,
29871,
29946,
29900,
6515,
263,
2462,
29889,
739,
29915,
29879,
1663,
1662,
9401,
304,
263,
2706,
1699,
9305,
1497,
297,
385,
15593,
29889,
376,
29967,
397,
347,
5771,
1549,
263,
3287,
29889,
910,
338,
385,
29811,
14981,
23023,
1848,
5828,
322,
16342,
363,
445,
7826,
1213,
13,
13,
2182,
7716,
16814,
29892,
385,
12862,
10884,
10446,
8693,
408,
1532,
408,
4863,
3748,
13897,
29892,
3734,
278,
18502,
898,
29901,
7803,
9194,
3137,
29701,
304,
2189,
10884,
29899,
17885,
545,
16684,
408,
1532,
408,
373,
29899,
842,
7314,
16684,
29889,
3185,
943,
4320,
297,
278,
3748,
3796,
2645,
278,
1629,
29899,
5426,
2060,
297,
278,
3681,
8693,
304,
2189,
278,
9128,
8820,
3595,
373,
10525,
408,
8560,
491,
1009,
8072,
1855,
3368,
4863,
3748,
3983,
293,
4890,
29889,
25065,
29892,
751,
7716,
16814,
1824,
13269,
29892,
17906,
29892,
322,
3778,
4097,
29892,
5331,
491,
1616,
8881,
2819,
29148,
1771,
375,
344,
2993,
29892,
8688,
278,
6601,
29899,
13525,
6382,
708,
3595,
297,
278,
3748,
29889,
4699,
315,
482,
4944,
5007,
322,
5305,
322,
28384,
316,
383,
14287,
398,
5289,
471,
278,
22760,
14297,
29889,
13,
13,
29933,
1032,
898,
29901,
7803,
9194,
3137,
338,
16955,
304,
18422,
5655,
392,
2994,
915,
309,
29892,
1058,
6423,
310,
7243,
1037,
2454,
23900,
373,
29871,
29906,
29945,
5490,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
29889,
2994,
915,
309,
750,
3796,
373,
751,
7716,
16814,
29915,
29879,
940,
5301,
21431,
322,
967,
27978,
985,
272,
383,
21446,
6884,
322,
471,
9368,
304,
8341,
670,
664,
373,
18502,
898,
29889,
10980,
484,
7392,
1725,
29892,
1058,
5456,
278,
8158,
363,
4007,
465,
262,
29915,
29879,
6760,
287,
4786,
29892,
8611,
2994,
915,
309,
408,
278,
3748,
29915,
29879,
18422,
1156,
2994,
915,
309,
29915,
29879,
4892,
29889,
7392,
1725,
29915,
29879,
11465,
1061,
6971,
796,
19400,
8772,
1075,
408,
14297,
297,
3111,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
29889,
13,
13,
2951,
29871,
29906,
29955,
3786,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
29892,
5320,
7378,
1434,
278,
3748,
29915,
29879,
9512,
29892,
751,
7716,
16814,
5492,
263,
716,
1020,
3955,
322,
28585,
29871,
29941,
29945,
6233,
310,
278,
3748,
472,
278,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
16855,
13273,
4643,
8518,
29892,
411,
1716,
9305,
322,
315,
482,
297,
14333,
749,
29889,
910,
17997,
871,
278,
1473,
931,
278,
2706,
16005,
5936,
3368,
263,
4863,
3748,
29892,
278,
937,
1641,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29896,
29915,
29879,
365,
29889,
29909,
29889,
1939,
533,
29889,
512,
1006,
7406,
18043,
7389,
7536,
304,
278,
3748,
29915,
29879,
3186,
8157,
6507,
29892,
315,
482,
10824,
393,
5849,
1921,
2363,
763,
751,
7716,
16814,
505,
385,
10788,
362,
304,
3867,
376,
1639,
4925,
5828,
29873,
7807,
29908,
393,
508,
367,
5318,
491,
14332,
29892,
3704,
1661,
29899,
29887,
314,
414,
29889,
13,
13,
19729,
29871,
13,
2951,
29871,
29945,
3839,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
29892,
278,
7412,
22814,
350
] | 1,024 | Wikipedia | 1.182675 | 0.729999 | 1.265237 | 0.630921 |
log announced that a demo for Beyond: Two Souls would be released 1 October 2013 in the United States, 2 October for Europe, and 3 October for Japan, about a week prior to the full game's worldwide release. Despite the demo's official release date, a few users of the paid subscription service PlayStation Plus were allowed to receive the demo a week earlier, on 24 September 2013. GameStop also gave out a limited number of beta keys on that day. The full game was released on 8 October 2013 in North America, 9 October 2013 in Europe, Australia and New Zealand, and 11 October 2013 in the UK.
The European version of the game is censored to keep the PEGI rating at 16 instead of 18. Two changes were made amounting to 5–10 seconds of gameplay.
Immediately after the game was released, nude images of Jodie surfaced on the Reddit online community. Jodie appears nude in a shower scene in the game, but is not fully visible. Industry analysts deduced that a person in possession of a developer PlayStation 3 that allowed quality assurance features such as "free camera" mode had created and uploaded the images. Sony immediately took steps to remove them, asking for the community's assistance. They explained that the images were of a digital model and not of Page, who had a "no nudity" policy. The images were removed from the website.
In June 2015, Quantic Dream announced a PlayStation 4 version of Beyond: Two Souls for North America, Europe, and the PAL region alongside Heavy Rain. The PlayStation 4 version of Beyond: Two Souls was released on 24 November, with the remaster of Heavy Rain following on 1 March 2016. A package containing both games was then released physically on a Blu-ray disc.
During the 2019 Game Developers Conference in March, Epic Games announced that Quantic Dream would publish Heavy Rain, Beyond: Two Souls and Detroit: Become Human for Windows, with the releases occurring throughout 2019. The games were exclusively available through the Epic Games Store for the duration of a year following their release before they appear on other storefronts. On 16 May 2019, the date of release for Beyond: Two Souls, which was to be self-published by Quantic Dream, was revealed as 22 July 2019, with a demo made available on 27 June 2019.
Reception
Beyond: Two Souls received polarised reviews upon release. Review aggregator Metacritic described its reception as "mixed". Critics praised Page's character portrayal of Jodie Holmes and Dafoe's performance as Nathan Dawkins, as well as the amount of technical details in the game's animations and graphics. Praise was also generally given toward the elaborate motion capture, interactive storytelling mechanics, emotional soundtrack, and ability to appeal to non-gamers. PlayStation Official Magazine (UK) spoke frankly of a game using quick time events over a more acceptable solution: "you lose explicit control", yet believing Beyond ultimately wins in ways such as its imagery: "PS3's graphical high point" and Page's performance: "Astonishing ... she's the lynchpin that holds all the madness together with a painfully human presence." Polygon was less impressed with the game's writing, but was exhilarated about Quantic Dream's ability to "perfect a new way of telling stories" with "staggeringly great" motion capture. GameSpot called the game a "gripping adventure", observing that the gameplay's choices give the player an ability to shape what kind of person Jodie becomes, making us "care dearly for her ... and become enamoured with this young woman and her extraordinary life". Game Revolution praised the game as "uncannily gorgeous", confirming Quantic Dream remains a leader in the story-driven genre, calling their high-quality cinematic gameplay "the saving grace of Beyond: Two Souls". GamesTM labeled Page's performance as "truly breathtaking ... one of the truly great videogame acting showcases" and described Cage as "visionary; someone who believes in the power of games and of interactivity. Beyond: Two Souls is his | [
1188,
9326,
393,
263,
13455,
363,
18502,
898,
29901,
7803,
9194,
3137,
723,
367,
5492,
29871,
29896,
5533,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
297,
278,
3303,
3900,
29892,
29871,
29906,
5533,
363,
4092,
29892,
322,
29871,
29941,
5533,
363,
5546,
29892,
1048,
263,
4723,
7536,
304,
278,
2989,
3748,
29915,
29879,
3186,
8157,
6507,
29889,
19454,
278,
13455,
29915,
29879,
6221,
6507,
2635,
29892,
263,
2846,
4160,
310,
278,
12530,
25691,
2669,
7412,
22814,
15113,
892,
6068,
304,
7150,
278,
13455,
263,
4723,
8859,
29892,
373,
29871,
29906,
29946,
3839,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
29889,
8448,
16329,
884,
4846,
714,
263,
9078,
1353,
310,
21762,
6611,
373,
393,
2462,
29889,
450,
2989,
3748,
471,
5492,
373,
29871,
29947,
5533,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
297,
4644,
6813,
29892,
29871,
29929,
5533,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
297,
4092,
29892,
8314,
322,
1570,
13450,
29892,
322,
29871,
29896,
29896,
5533,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29941,
297,
278,
10261,
29889,
13,
13,
1576,
7824,
1873,
310,
278,
3748,
338,
19343,
4395,
304,
3013,
278,
349,
11787,
29902,
21700,
472,
29871,
29896,
29953,
2012,
310,
29871,
29896,
29947,
29889,
7803,
3620,
892,
1754,
5253,
292,
304,
29871,
29945,
29994,
29896,
29900,
6923,
310,
3748,
1456,
29889,
13,
13,
1888,
4210,
2486,
1156,
278,
3748,
471,
5492,
29892,
302,
1151,
4558,
310,
435,
397,
347,
1190,
17470,
287,
373,
278,
4367,
27423,
7395,
7881,
29889,
435,
397,
347,
5692,
302,
1151,
297,
263,
1510,
261,
9088,
297,
278,
3748,
29892,
541,
338,
451,
8072,
7962,
29889,
12157,
719,
3483,
858,
29879,
21049,
1133,
393,
263,
2022,
297,
17715,
310,
263,
13897,
7412,
22814,
29871,
29941,
393,
6068,
11029,
1223,
18541,
5680,
1316,
408,
376,
9021,
10656,
29908,
4464,
750,
2825,
322,
20373,
278,
4558,
29889,
28465,
7389,
3614,
6576,
304,
3349,
963,
29892,
6721,
363,
278,
7881,
29915,
29879,
18872,
29889,
2688,
10824,
393,
278,
4558,
892,
310,
263,
13436,
1904,
322,
451,
310,
9305,
29892,
1058,
750,
263,
376,
1217,
302,
566,
537,
29908,
8898,
29889,
450,
4558,
892,
6206,
515,
278,
4700,
29889,
13,
13,
797,
5306,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29945,
29892,
751,
7716,
16814,
9326,
263,
7412,
22814,
29871,
29946,
1873,
310,
18502,
898,
29901,
7803,
9194,
3137,
363,
4644,
6813,
29892,
4092,
29892,
322,
278,
349,
1964,
5120,
19963,
940,
5301,
21431,
29889,
450,
7412,
22814,
29871,
29946,
1873,
310,
18502,
898,
29901,
7803,
9194,
3137,
471,
5492,
373,
29871,
29906,
29946,
3979,
29892,
411,
278,
1083,
1901,
310,
940,
5301,
21431,
1494,
373,
29871,
29896,
4779,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29953,
29889,
319,
3577,
6943,
1716,
8090,
471,
769,
5492,
4824,
1711,
373,
263,
3164,
29884,
29899,
764,
2313,
29889,
13,
13,
29928,
3864,
278,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29929,
8448,
10682,
414,
16377,
297,
4779,
29892,
14055,
293,
12482,
9326,
393,
751,
7716,
16814,
723,
9805,
940,
5301,
21431,
29892,
18502,
898,
29901,
7803,
9194,
3137,
322,
25749,
29901,
1522,
2763,
12968,
363,
3852,
29892,
411,
278,
27474,
13920,
292,
10106,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29929,
29889,
450,
8090,
892,
13489,
3598,
3625,
1549,
278,
14055,
293,
12482,
14491,
363,
278,
14385,
310,
263,
1629,
1494,
1009,
6507,
1434,
896,
2615,
373,
916,
3787,
8862,
29879,
29889,
1551,
29871,
29896,
29953,
2610,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29929,
29892,
278,
2635,
310,
6507,
363,
18502,
898,
29901,
7803,
9194,
3137,
29892,
607,
471,
304,
367,
1583,
29899,
5467,
3726,
491,
751,
7716,
16814,
29892,
471,
17845,
408,
29871,
29906,
29906,
5468,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29929,
29892,
411,
263,
13455,
1754,
3625,
373,
29871,
29906,
29955,
5306,
29871,
29906,
29900,
29896,
29929,
29889,
13,
13,
1123,
1441,
29871,
13,
13,
29933,
1032,
898,
29901,
7803,
9194,
3137,
4520,
16755,
3368,
21804,
2501,
6507,
29889,
13957,
11404,
1061,
4737,
562,
768,
293,
5439,
967,
25647,
408,
376,
29885,
11925,
1642,
15976,
1199,
7213,
3368,
9305,
29915,
29879,
2931,
2011,
764,
284,
310,
435,
397,
347,
4168,
4467,
322,
7266,
1181,
29872,
29915,
29879,
4180,
408,
27650,
29461,
11335,
29892,
408,
1532,
408,
278,
5253,
310,
16905,
4902,
297,
278,
3748,
29915,
29879,
3778,
800,
322,
18533,
29889,
9002,
895,
471,
884,
6892,
2183,
11183,
278,
19430,
10884,
10446,
29892,
28923,
5828,
29873,
7807,
7208,
1199,
29892,
23023,
1848,
6047,
11294,
29892,
322,
11509,
304,
25530,
304,
1661,
29899,
29887,
314,
414,
29889,
7412,
22814,
10564,
17880,
313,
19960,
29897,
12707,
2524,
29895,
368,
310,
263,
3748,
773,
4996,
931,
4959,
975,
263,
901,
22691,
1650,
29901,
376,
6293,
14074,
6261,
2761,
613,
3447,
1339,
15387,
18502,
898,
18973,
21614,
297,
5837,
1316,
408,
967,
6382,
708,
29901,
376,
7024,
29941,
29915,
29879,
3983,
936,
1880,
1298,
29908,
322,
9305,
29915,
29879,
4180,
29901,
376,
29909,
7352,
14424,
2023,
1183,
29915,
29879,
278,
301,
948,
305,
12687,
393,
8640,
599,
278,
10395,
2264,
4208,
411,
263,
6788,
3730,
5199,
10122,
1213,
2043,
17125,
471,
3109,
527,
13120,
411,
278,
3748,
29915,
29879,
5007,
29892,
541,
471,
429,
29882,
2327,
630,
1048,
751,
7716,
16814,
29915,
29879,
11509,
304,
376,
546,
3647,
263,
716,
982,
310,
14509,
15874,
29908,
411,
376,
303,
9921,
11687,
2107,
29908,
10884,
10446,
29889,
8448,
5592,
327,
2000,
278,
3748,
263,
376,
29887,
374,
3262,
17623,
545,
613,
5366,
1747,
393,
278,
3748,
1456,
29915,
29879,
19995,
2367,
278,
4847,
385,
11509,
304,
8267,
825,
2924,
310,
2022,
435,
397,
347,
7415,
29892,
3907,
502,
376,
18020,
9425,
368,
363,
902,
30081,
856,
322,
4953,
427,
314,
14076,
411,
445,
4123,
6114,
322,
902,
28163,
2834,
1642,
8448,
14595,
7213,
3368,
278,
3748,
408,
376,
4661,
812,
2354,
330,
3890,
681,
613,
9659,
292,
751,
7716,
16814,
9242,
263,
11822,
297,
278,
5828,
29899,
24477,
854,
16151,
29892,
5432,
1009,
1880,
29899,
29567,
4670,
19217,
3748,
1456,
376,
1552,
14238,
17659,
310,
18502,
898,
29901,
7803,
9194,
3137,
1642,
12482,
23081,
301,
24025,
9305,
29915,
29879,
4180,
408,
376,
509,
11850,
2078,
271,
400,
5086,
2023,
697,
310,
278,
19781,
2107,
18900,
468,
420,
16684,
1510,
11436,
29908,
322,
5439,
315,
482,
408,
376,
4924,
653,
29936,
4856,
1058,
1339,
17180,
297,
278,
3081,
310,
8090,
322,
310,
1006,
10072,
29889,
18502,
898,
29901,
7803,
9194,
3137,
338,
670
] | 1,024 | Wikipedia | 0.568959 | 0.040875 | 1.345932 | 0.008918 |