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RESULTS	Among the different AG doses , there was no difference in the elimination half-life , systemic clearance ( CL ) , and volume of distribution .	Among the different AG doses, there was no difference in the elimination half-life, systemic clearance (CL), and volume of distribution.
RESULTS	DAG had decreased CL relative to AG .	DAG had decreased CL relative to AG.
RESULTS	The plasma DAG : AG ratio was ~ 2:1 during steady-state infusion of AG .	The plasma DAG : AG ratio was ~ 2:1 during steady-state infusion of AG.
RESULTS	Infusion of AG caused an increase in DAG , but DAG administration did not change plasma AG .	Infusion of AG caused an increase in DAG, but DAG administration did not change plasma AG.
RESULTS	Ghrelin administration did not affect plasma acylase activity .	Ghrelin administration did not affect plasma acylase activity.
CONCLUSIONS	The pharmacokinetics of AG and total ghrelin appears to be linear and proportional in the dose range tested .	The pharmacokinetics of AG and total ghrelin appears to be linear and proportional in the dose range tested.
CONCLUSIONS	AG and DAG have very distinct metabolic fates in the circulation .	AG and DAG have very distinct metabolic fates in the circulation.
CONCLUSIONS	There is deacylation of AG in the plasma but no evidence of acylation .	There is deacylation of AG in the plasma but no evidence of acylation.
OBJECTIVE	Chest physiotherapy ( CPT ) is an integral part of the treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis ( CF ) .	Chest physiotherapy (CPT) is an integral part of the treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).
OBJECTIVE	CPT imposes additional respiratory work that may carry a risk of respiratory muscle fatigue .	CPT imposes additional respiratory work that may carry a risk of respiratory muscle fatigue.
OBJECTIVE	Inspiratory pressure support ventilation ( PSV ) is a new mode of ventilatory assistance designed to maintain a constant preset positive airway pressure during spontaneous inspiration with the goal of decreasing the patient 's inspiratory work .	Inspiratory pressure support ventilation (PSV) is a new mode of ventilatory assistance designed to maintain a constant preset positive airway pressure during spontaneous inspiration with the goal of decreasing the patient 's inspiratory work.
OBJECTIVE	The aim of our study was 1 ) to evaluate respiratory muscle fatigue and oxygen desaturation during CPT and 2 ) to determine whether noninvasive PSV can relieve these potential adverse effects of CPT .	The aim of our study was 1) to evaluate respiratory muscle fatigue and oxygen desaturation during CPT and 2) to determine whether noninvasive PSV can relieve these potential adverse effects of CPT.
METHODS	Sixteen CF patients in stable condition with a mean age of 13 + / - 4 years participated to the study .	Sixteen CF patients in stable condition with a mean age of 13 + / - 4 years participated to the study.
METHODS	For CPT , we used the forced expiratory technique ( FET ) , which consisted of one or more slow active expirations starting near the total lung capacity ( TLC ) and ending near the residual volume .	For CPT, we used the forced expiratory technique (FET), which consisted of one or more slow active expirations starting near the total lung capacity (TLC) and ending near the residual volume.
METHODS	After each expiration , the child was asked to perform a slow , nonmaximal , diaphragmatic inspiration .	After each expiration, the child was asked to perform a slow, nonmaximal, diaphragmatic inspiration.
METHODS	After one to four forced breathing cycles , the child was asked to cough and to expectorate .	After one to four forced breathing cycles, the child was asked to cough and to expectorate.
METHODS	A typical 20-minute CPT session consisted of 10 to 15 FET maneuvers separated by rest periods of 10 to 20 breathing cycles each .	A typical 20-minute CPT session consisted of 10 to 15 FET maneuvers separated by rest periods of 10 to 20 breathing cycles each.
METHODS	During the study , each patient received two CPT sessions in random order on two different days , at the same time of day , with the same physiotherapist .	During the study, each patient received two CPT sessions in random order on two different days, at the same time of day, with the same physiotherapist.
METHODS	During one of these two sessions , PSV was provided throughout the session ( PSV session ) via a nasal mask using the pressure support generator ARM25 designed for acute patients ( TAEMA , Antony , France ) .	During one of these two sessions, PSV was provided throughout the session (PSV session) via a nasal mask using the pressure support generator ARM25 designed for acute patients (TAEMA, Antony, France).
METHODS	The control session was performed with no nasal mask or PSV .	The control session was performed with no nasal mask or PSV.
METHODS	Both CPT sessions were performed without supplemental oxygen .	Both CPT sessions were performed without supplemental oxygen.
METHODS	Lung function and maximal inspiratory pressures ( PImax ) and expiratory pressures ( PEmax ) were recorded before and after each CPT session .	Lung function and maximal inspiratory pressures (PImax) and expiratory pressures (PEmax) were recorded before and after each CPT session.
RESULTS	Mean lung function parameters were comparable before the PSV and the control sessions .	Mean lung function parameters were comparable before the PSV and the control sessions.
RESULTS	Baseline pulse oximetry ( SpO2 ) was significantly correlated with the baseline vital capacity ( % predicted ) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second ( FEV1 ) ( % predicted ) .	Baseline pulse oximetry (SpO2) was significantly correlated with the baseline vital capacity (% predicted) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (% predicted).
RESULTS	PSV was associated with an increase in tidal volume ( Vt ) from 0.42 + / - 0.01 liters to 1.0 + / - 0.02 liters .	PSV was associated with an increase in tidal volume (Vt) from 0. 42 + / - 0. 01 liters to 1. 0 + / - 0. 02 liters.
RESULTS	Respiratory rate was significantly lower during PSV .	Respiratory rate was significantly lower during PSV.
RESULTS	SpO2 between the FET maneuvers was significantly higher during PSV as compared with the control session .	SpO2 between the FET maneuvers was significantly higher during PSV as compared with the control session.
RESULTS	SpO2 decreases after FET were significantly larger during the control session ( nadir : 91.8 + / - 0.7 % ) than during the PSV session ( 93.8 + / - 0.6 % ) .	SpO2 decreases after FET were significantly larger during the control session (nadir : 91. 8 + / - 0. 7 %) than during the PSV session (93. 8 + / - 0. 6 %).
RESULTS	Maximal pressures decreased during the control session ( from 71.9 + / - 6.1 to 60.9 + / - 5.3 cmH2O , and from 85.3 + / - 7.9 to 77.5 + / - 4.8 cmH2O , for PImax and PEmax , respectively ) and increased during the PSV session ( from 71.6 + / - 8.6 to 83.9 + / - 8.7 cmH2O , and from 80.4 + / - 7.8 to 88.0 + / - 7.4 cmH2O , for PImax and PEmax , respectively ) .	Maximal pressures decreased during the control session (from 71. 9 + / - 6. 1 to 60. 9 + / - 5. 3 cmH2O, and from 85. 3 + / - 7. 9 to 77. 5 + / - 4. 8 cmH2O, for PImax and PEmax, respectively) and increased during the PSV session (from 71. 6 + / - 8. 6 to 83. 9 + / - 8. 7 cmH2O, and from 80. 4 + / - 7. 8 to 88. 0 + / - 7. 4 cmH2O, for PImax and PEmax, respectively).
RESULTS	The decrease in PEmax was significantly correlated with the severity of bronchial obstruction as evaluated based on baseline FEV1 ( % predicted ) .	The decrease in PEmax was significantly correlated with the severity of bronchial obstruction as evaluated based on baseline FEV1 (% predicted).
RESULTS	Forced expiratory flows did not change after either CPT session .	Forced expiratory flows did not change after either CPT session.
RESULTS	The amount of sputum expectorated was similar for the two CPT sessions ( 5.3 + / - 5.3 g vs 4.6 + / - 4.8 g after the control and PSV session , respectively ; NS ) .	The amount of sputum expectorated was similar for the two CPT sessions (5. 3 + / - 5. 3 g vs 4. 6 + / - 4. 8 g after the control and PSV session, respectively ; NS).
RESULTS	Fifteen patients felt less tired after the PSV session .	Fifteen patients felt less tired after the PSV session.
RESULTS	Ten patients reported that expectoration was easier with PSV , whereas 4 did not note any difference ; 2 patients did not expectorate .	Ten patients reported that expectoration was easier with PSV, whereas 4 did not note any difference ; 2 patients did not expectorate.
RESULTS	Nine patients expressed a marked and 5 a small preference for PSV , and 2 patients had no preference .	Nine patients expressed a marked and 5 a small preference for PSV, and 2 patients had no preference.
RESULTS	The physiotherapists found it easier to perform CPT with PSV in 14 patients and did not perceive any difference in 2 patients .	The physiotherapists found it easier to perform CPT with PSV in 14 patients and did not perceive any difference in 2 patients.
CONCLUSIONS	Our study in CF children shows that respiratory muscle performance , as evaluated based on various parameters , decreased after CPT and that significant falls in oxygen saturation occurred after the FET maneuvers despite the quiet breathing periods between each FET cycle .	Our study in CF children shows that respiratory muscle performance, as evaluated based on various parameters, decreased after CPT and that significant falls in oxygen saturation occurred after the FET maneuvers despite the quiet breathing periods between each FET cycle.
CONCLUSIONS	These unwanted effects of CPT were	These unwanted effects of CPT were
OBJECTIVE	Comparing efficacy and safety of ibutilide vs. transoesophageal atrial pacing ( ATP ) for the termination of type I atrial flutter ( AFL ) .	Comparing efficacy and safety of ibutilide vs. transoesophageal atrial pacing (ATP) for the termination of type I atrial flutter (AFL).
RESULTS	Eighty-seven patients affected by AFL lasting between 2 h and 30 days were randomized in two groups : Group 1-i.v. ibutilide treatment , up to 2 mg , and Group 2-ATP , with `` burst '' and `` ramp '' pacing protocols .	Eighty-seven patients affected by AFL lasting between 2 h and 30 days were randomized in two groups : Group 1-i. v. ibutilide treatment, up to 2 mg, and Group 2-ATP, with '' burst '' and '' ramp '' pacing protocols.