Newsgroup: it.cultura.storia.moderato
Titolo: [CON] Dichiarazione d'indipendenza del Vietnam

Pronunciata da Ho Chi Min il 2 settembre 1945 ad Hanoi:
"All men are created equal. They are endowed by their Creator with
certain inalienable rights, among these are Life, Liberty, and the
pursuit of Happiness"
This immortal statement was made in the Declaration of Independence of
the United States of America m 1776. In a broader sense, this means:
All the peoples on the earth are equal from birth, all the peoples
have a right to live, to be happy and free.
The Declaration of the French Revolution made in 1791 on the Rights of
Man and the Citizen also states: "All men are born free and with equal
rights, and must always remain free and have equal rights." Those are
undeniable truths.
Nevertheless, for more than eighty years, the French imperialists,
abusing the standard of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity, have
violated our Fatherland and oppressed our fellow-citizens. They have
acted contrary to the ideals of humanity and justice. In the field of
politics, they have deprived our people of every democratic liberty.
They have enforced inhuman laws; they have set up three distinct
political regimes in the North, the Center and the South of Vietnam in
order to wreck our national unity and prevent our people from being
united.
They have built more prisons than schools. They have mercilessly slain
our patriots- they have drowned our uprisings in rivers of blood. They
have fettered public opinion; they have practised obscurantism against
our people. To weaken our race they have forced us to use opium and
alcohol.
In the fields of economics, they have fleeced us to the backbone,
impoverished our people, and devastated our land.
They have robbed us of our rice fields, our mines, our forests, and
our raw materials. They have monopolised the issuing of bank-notes and
the export trade.
They have invented numerous unjustifiable taxes and reduced our
people, especially our peasantry, to a state of extreme poverty.
They have hampered the prospering of our national bourgeoisie; they
have mercilessly exploited our workers.
In the autumn of 1940, when the Japanese Fascists violated Indochina's
territory to establish new bases in their fight against the Allies,
the French imperialists went down on their bended knees and handed
over our country to them.
Thus, from that date, our people were subjected to the double yoke of
the French and the Japanese. Their sufferings and miseries increased.
The result was that from the end of last year to the beginning of this
year, from Quang Tri province to the North of Vietnam, more than two
rnillion of our fellow-citizens died from starvation. On March 9, the
French troops were disarmed by the lapanese. The French colonialists
either fled or surrendered, showing that not only were they incapable
of "protecting" us, but that, in the span of five years, they had
twice sold our country to the Japanese.
On several occasions before March 9, the Vietminh League urged the
French to ally themselves with it against the Japanese. Instead of
agreeing to this proposal, the French colonialists so intensified
their terrorist activities against the Vietminh members that before
fleeing they massacred a great number of our political prisoners
detained at Yen Bay and Cao Bang.
Not withstanding all this, our fellow-citizens have always manifested
toward the French a tolerant and humane attitude. Even after the
Japanese putsch of March 1945, the Vietminh League helped many
Frenchmen to cross the frontier, rescued some of them from Japanese
jails, and protected French lives and property.
From the autumn of 1940, our country had in fact ceased to be a French
colony and had become a Japanese possession.
After the Japanese had surrendered to the Allies, our whole people
rose to regain our national sovereignty and to found the Democratic
Republic of Vietnam.
The truth is that we have wrested our independence from the Japanese
and not from the French
The French have fled, the Japanese have capitulated, Emperor Bao Dai
has abdicated. Our people have broken the chains which for nearly a
century have fettered them and have won independence for the
Fatherland. Our people at the same time have overthrown the monarchic
regime that has reigned supreme for dozens of centuries. In its place
has been established the present Democratic Republic.
For these reasons, we, members of the Provisional Government,
representing the whole Vietnamese people, declare that from now on we
break off all relations of a colonial character with France; we repeal
all the international obligation that France has so far subscribed to
on behalf of Vietnam and we abolish all the special rights the French
have unlawfully acquired in our Fatherland.
The whole Vietnamese people, animated by a common purpose, are
determined to fight to the bitter end against any attempt by the
French colonialists to reconquer their country.
We are convinced that the Allied nations which at Tehran and San
Francisco have acknowledged the principles of self-determination and
equality of nations, will not refuse to acknowledge the independence
of Vietnam.
A people who have courageously opposed French domination for more than
eighty years, a people who have fought side by side with the Allies
against the Fascists during these last years, such a people must be
free and independent.
For these reasons, we, members of the Provisional Government of the
Democratic Republic of Vietnam, solemnly declare to the world that
Vietnam has the right to be a free and independent countryŃand in fact
it is so already. The entire Vietnamese people are determined to
mobilise all their physical and mental strength, to sacrifice their
lives and property in order to safeguard their independence and
liberty.
Source: Ho Chi Minh, Selected Works (Hanoi, 1960-1962), Vol. 3, pp.
17-21.
Interessante l'apertura, nevvero?
Ciao
Ale

 Interessante l'apertura, nevvero?
Quasi beffarda visto quello che č successo dopo che hanno vinto la
guerra nel 1975.
Ciao...
Claudio

 guerra nel 1975.
Beffarda no. Nel 1945 Ho Chi Min cercava l'appoggio USA, che tra l'altro 
aveva avuto durante la IIGM, per creare un Vietnam unito ed indipendente.
Ho visto con i miei occhi a Saigon le foto di Ho Chi Min ed il generale 
Giap che assieme ad alcuni consiglieri USA salutano la bandiera a stelle 
e strisce tra i partigiani vietnamiti schierati in armi. La richiesta di 
appoggio si concretitzzo in messaggi lanciati all'amministrazione Truman 
tramite i consigleri militari USA alla resistenza viet e poi tramite 
telegrammi inviati a Truman che non ricevettero risposta.
Se l'amministrazione Truman fosse stata piu' lungimirante avrebbe potuto 
   aiutare Ho a creare un Vietnam libero, forse non pedissequamente 
filoamericano, ma sicuramente libero da altre influenze evitando cosi le 
due guerre del  Vietnam, forse quella in Cambogia e Laos, e qualche 
milione di morti. E non e' nemmeno uno scenario troppo irreale: pensa al 
trattamento USA di Tito dopo lo strappo con Mosca: arrivarono 
addirittura  a rifornire la Yugoslavia di armi ultimo modello che non 
avevamo nemmeno noi :-)
Ciao
Ale

 avevamo nemmeno noi :-)
Forse, ma il contendente della Yugoslavia era l'URSS e quello del
Vietnam era la Francia, la cosa e' ben diversa.
Secondo me il problema piu' grosso in Vietnam fu l'ideologia che
ha avuto un peso notevolissimo su tutti i contendenti, senza gli
inquinamenti ideologici sarebbe stato piu' facile trovare una soluzione
pacifica.
Ciao...
Claudio
P.S. Complimenti per il viaggio.

 P.S. Complimenti per il viaggio.
Lo consiglio a tutti, semmai non quest'anno, e sono disponibile per
consigli.
Ciao
Ale