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Titolo: A CENTURY OF U.S. MILITARY INTERVENTIONS

    A CENTURY OF U.S. MILITARY INTERVENTIONS:
      From Wounded Knee to Yugoslavia
     Compiled by Zoltan Grossman
      (revised 3/25/99)
The following is a partial list of U.S. military interventions from 1890 to 1999. This guide does
NOT include
demonstration duty by military police, mobilizations of the National Guard, offshore shows of naval
strength, reinforcements of embassy personnel, the use of non-Defense Department personnel (such as
the
Drug Enforcement Agency), military exercises, non-combat mobilizations (such as replacing postal
strikers),
the permanent stationing of armed forces, covert actions where the U.S. did not play a command and
control role, the use of small hostage rescue units, most uses of proxy troops, U.S. piloting of
foreign
warplanes, foreign disaster assistance, military training and advisory programs not involving direct
combat,
civic action programs, and many other military activities. <
Among sources used, besides news reports, are the Congressional Record (23 June 1969), 180
Landings by the U.S. Marine Corps History Division, Ege & Makhijani in Counterspy (July-Aug.
1982), and Daniel Ellsberg in Protest & Survive. "Instances of Use of United States Forces
Abroad, 1798-1993" by Ellen C. Collier of the Library of Congress Congressional Research
Service.
SOUTH DAKOTA
1890 (-?)
Troops
300 Lakota Indians massacred at
Wounded
Knee.
ARGENTINA
1890
Troops
Buenos Aires interests protected.
CHILE
1891
Troops
Marines clash with nationalist rebels.
HAITI
1891
Troops
Black workers revolt on U.S.-claimed
Navassa Island defeated.
IDAHO
1892
Troops
Army suppresses silver miners' strike.
HAWAII
1893 (-?)
Naval, troops
Independent kingdom overthrown,
annexed.
CHICAGO
1894
Troops
Breaking of rail strike, 34 killed.
NICARAGUA
1894
Troops
Month-long occupation of Bluefields.
CHINA
1894-95
Naval, troops
Marines land in Sino-Japanese War.
KOREA
1894-96
Troops
Marines kept in Seoul during war.
PANAMA
1895
Troops, naval
Marines land in Colombian province.
NICARAGUA
1896
Troops
Marines land in port of Corinto.
CHINA
1898-1900
Troops
Boxer Rebellion fought by foreign
armies.
PHILIPPINES
1898-1910(-?)
Naval, troops
Seized from Spain, killed
600,000 Filipinos.
CUBA
1898-1902(-?)
Naval, troops
Seized from Spain, still hold Navy
base.
PUERTO RICO
1898(-?)
Naval, troops
Seized from Spain, occupation
continues.
GUAM
1898(-?)
Naval, troops
Seized from Spain, still use as base.
MINNESOTA
1898(-?)
Troops
Army battles Chippewa at Leech
Lake.
NICARAGUA
1898
Troops
Marines land at port of San Juan del
Sur.
SAMOA
1899(-?)
Troops
Battle over succession to throne.
NICARAGUA
1899
Troops
Marines land at port of Bluefields.
IDAHO
1899-1901
Troops
Army occupies Coeur d'Alene mining
region.
OKLAHOMA
1901
Troops
Army battles Creek Indian revolt.
PANAMA
1901-14
Naval, troops
Broke off from Colombia 1903,
annexed Canal Zone 1914-99.
HONDURAS
1903
Troops
Marines intervene in revolution.
DOMINICAN REP.
1903-04
Troops
U.S. interests protected in Revolution.
KOREA
1904-05
Troops
Marines land in Russo-Japanese War.
CUBA
1906-09
Troops
Marines land in democratic election.
NICARAGUA
1907
Troops
"Dollar Diplomacy" protectorate set
up.
HONDURAS
1907
Troops
Marines land during war with
Nicaragua.
PANAMA
1908
Troops
Marines intervene in election contest.
NICARAGUA
1910
Troops
Marines land in Bluefields and
Corinto.
HONDURAS
1911
Troops
U.S. interests protected in civil war.
CHINA
1911-41
Naval, troops
Continuous occupation with flare-ups.
CUBA
1912
Troops
U.S. interests protected in Havana.
PANAMA
19l2
Troops
Marines land during heated election.
HONDURAS
19l2
Troops
Marines protect U.S. economic
interests.
NICARAGUA
1912-33
Troops, bombing
20-year occupation, fought guerrillas.
MEXICO
19l3
Naval
Americans evacuated during
revolution.
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
1914
Naval
Fight with rebels over Santo
Domingo.
COLORADO
1914
Troops
Breaking of miners' strike by Army.
MEXICO
1914-18
Naval, troops
Series of interventions against
nationalists.
HAITI
1914-34
Troops, bombing
19-year occupation after revolts.
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
1916-24
Troops
8-year Marine occupation.
CUBA
1917-33
Troops
Military occupation, economic
protectorate.
WORLD WAR I
19l7-18
Naval, troops
Ships sunk, fought Germany
RUSSIA
1918-22
Naval, troops
Five landings to fight Bolsheviks.
PANAMA
1918-20
Troops
"Police duty" during unrest after
elections.
YUGOSLAVIA
1919
Troops
Marines intervene for Italy against
Serbs in Dalmatia.
HONDURAS
1919
Troops
Marines land during election
campaign.
GUATEMALA
1920
Troops
2-week intervention against
unionists.
WEST VIRGINIA
1920-21
Troops, bombing
Army intervenes against
mineworkers.
TURKEY
1922
Troops
Fought nationalists in Smyrna
(Izmir).
CHINA
1922-27
Naval, troops
Deployment during nationalist
revolt.
HONDURAS
1924-25
Troops
Landed twice during election strife.
PANAMA
1925
Troops
Marines suppress general strike.
CHINA
1927-34
Troops
Marines stationed throughout the
country.
EL SALVADOR
1932
Naval
Warships sent during Faribundo
Marti revolt.
WASHINGTON DC
1932
Troops
Army stops WWI vet bonus protest.
WORLD WAR II
1941-45
Naval,troops, bombing, nuclear
Fought Axis for 3
years; 1st nuclear war.
DETROIT
1943
Troops
Army puts down Black rebellion.
IRAN
1946
Nuclear threat
Soviet troops told to leave north
(Iranian
Azerbaijan).
YUGOSLAVIA
1946
Naval
Response to shooting-down of U.S.
plane.
URUGUAY
1947
Nuclear threat
Bombers deployed as show of
strength.
GREECE
1947-49
Command operation
U.S. directs extreme-right in civil
war.
CHINA
1948-49
Troops
Marines evacuate Americans before
Communist victory.
GERMANY
1948
Nuclear threat
Atomic-capable bombers guard
Berlin Airlift.
PHILIPPINES
1948-54
Command operation
CIA directs war against Huk
Rebellion.
PUERTO RICO
1950
Command operation
Independence rebellion crushed in
Ponce.
KOREA
1951-53(-?)
Troops, naval, bombing, nuclear
threats
U.S.&
South Korea fight China & North
Korea to stalemate; A-bomb threat
in 1950, & vs. China in 1953. Still
have bases.
IRAN
1953
Command operation
CIA overthrows democracy, installs
Shah.
VIETNAM
1954
Nuclear threat
Bombs offered to French to use
against
siege.
GUATEMALA
1954
Command operation, bombing,
nuclear threat CIA directs exile
invasion after new gov't nationalizes
U.S. company lands; bombers based
in Nicaragua.
EGYPT
1956
Nuclear threat, troops
Soviets told to keep out of Suez
crisis; MArines evacuate foreigners
LEBANON
1958
Troops, naval
Marine occupation against rebels.
IRAQ
1958
Nuclear threat
Iraq warned against invading
Kuwait.
CHINA
1958
Nuclear threat
China told not to move on Taiwan
isles.
PANAMA
1958
Troops
Flag protests erupt into
confrontation.
VIETNAM
1960-75
Troops, naval, bombing, nuclear
threats Fought South Vietnam revolt
& North Vietnam; 1-2 million killed in
longest U.S. war; atomic bomb
threats in 1968 and 1969.
CUBA
1961
Command operation CIA-directed
exile invasion fails.
GERMANY
1961
Nuclear threat Alert during Berlin
Wall crisis.
CUBA
1962
Nuclear threat
Naval
Blockade during missile crisis;
near-war with USSR.
LAOS
1962
Command operation
Military buildup during guerrilla
war.
PANAMA
1964
Troops
Panamanians shot for urging canal's
return.
INDONESIA
1965
Command operation Million killed in
CIA-assisted army coup.
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
1965-66
Troops, bombing Marines land
during election campaign.
GUATEMALA
1966-67
Command operation Green Berets
intervene against rebels.
DETROIT
1967
Troops
Army battles Blacks, 43 killed.
UNITED STATES
1968
Troops
After King is shot; over 21,000 soldiers
in cities.
CAMBODIA
1969-75
Bombing, troops, naval Up to 2 million
killed in decade of  bombing,
starvation, and political chaos.
OMAN
1970
Command operation U.S. directs
Iranian marine invasion.
LAOS
1971-73
Command operation, bombing U.S.
directs South Vietnamese invasion;
"carpet-bombs" countryside.
SOUTH DAKOTA
1973
Command operation Army directs
Wounded Knee siege of Lakotas.
MIDEAST
1973
Nuclear threat World-wide alert during
Mideast War.
CHILE
1973
Command operation CIA-backed coup
ousts elected marxist president.
CAMBODIA
1975
Troops, bombing Gas captured ship, 28
die in copter crash.
ANGOLA
1976-92
Command operation CIA assists South
African-backed rebels.
IRAN
1980
Troops, nuclear threat, aborted
bombing Raid to rescue Embassy
hostages;  8 troops die in copter-plane
crash. Soviets warned not to get
involved in revolution.
LIBYA
1981
Naval jets Two Libyan jets shot down
in maneuvers.
EL SALVADOR
1981-92
Command operation, troops Advisors,
overflights aid anti-rebel war, soldiers
briefly involved in hostage clash.
NICARAGUA
1981-90
Command operation, naval CIA directs
exile (Contra) invasions,  plants harbor
mines against revolution.
LEBANON
1982-84
Naval, bombing, troops Marines expel
PLO and back Phalangists,  Navy
bombs and shells Muslim and Syrian
positions.
HONDURAS
1983-89
Troops
Maneuvers help build bases near
borders.
GRENADA
1983-84
Troops, bombing Invasion four years
after revolution.
IRAN
1984
Jets
Two Iranian jets shot down over
Persian Gulf.
LIBYA
1986
Bombing, naval Air strikes to topple
nationalist gov't.
BOLIVIA
1986
Troops Army assists raids on cocaine
region.
IRAN
1987-88
Naval, bombing US intervenes on side
of Iraq in war.
LIBYA
1989
Naval jets Two Libyan jets shot down.
VIRGIN ISLANDS
1989
Troops
St. Croix Black unrest after storm.
PHILIPPINES
1989
Jets
Air cover provided for government
against coup.
PANAMA
1989-90
Troops, bombing
Nationalist government ousted by
27,000 soldiers, leaders arrested, 2000+
killed.
LIBERIA
1990
Troops
Foreigners evacuated during civil war.
SAUDI ARABIA
1990-91
Troops, jets Iraq countered after
invading Kuwait; 540,000 troops also
stationed in Oman, Qatar, Bahrain,
UAE, Israel.
IRAQ
1990-?
Bombing, troops, naval Blockade of
Iraqi and Jordanian ports, air strikes;
200,000+ killed in invasion of Iraq and
Kuwait; no-fly zone over Kurdish north,
Shiite south,   large-scale destruction
of Iraqi military.
KUWAIT
1991
Naval, bombing, troops Kuwait royal
family returned to throne.
LOS ANGELES
1992
Troops
Army, Marines deployed against
anti-police uprising.
SOMALIA
1992-94
Troops, naval, bombing U.S.-led United
Nations occupation during civil war;
raids against one Mogadishu faction.
YUGOSLAVIA
1992-94
Naval
Nato blockade of Serbia and
Montenegro.
BOSNIA
1993-95
Jets, bombing No-fly zone patrolled in
civil war; downed jets, bombed Serbs.
HAITI
1994-96
Troops, naval
Blockade against military government;
troops restore President Aristide to
office three years after coup.
CROATIA
1995
Bombing
Krajina Serb airfields attacked before
Croatian offensive.
ZAIRE (CONGO)
1996-97
Troops
Marines at Rwandan Hutu refuge
camps, in area where Congo
revolution begins.
LIBERIA
1997
Troops
Soldiers under fire during evacuation
of foreigners.
ALBANIA
1997
Troops
Soldiers under fire during evacuation
of foreigners.
SUDAN
1998
Missiles
Attack on pharmaceutical plant alleged
to be "terrorist" nerve gas plant.
AFGHANISTAN
1998
Missiles
Attack on former CIA training camps
used by Islamic fundamentalist groups
alleged to have attacked embassies.
IRAQ
1998-?
Bombing, Missiles
Four days of intensive air strikes after
weapons inspectors allege Iraqi
obstructions.
YUGOSLAVIA
1999-?
Bombing, Missiles
Heavy NATO air strikes after Serbia
declines to withdraw from Kosovo.
     __________________________________________
     For more information or with comments and additions please contact:
     Zoltan Grossman, 1705 Rutledge, Madison, WI 53704 Phone Fax
 
(608)246-2256
. 
m...@igc.apc.org
     Permission to reproduce this list in its entirety
     is granted by the author, please send any published copy to the above
     address.

    A CENTURY OF U.S. MILITARY INTERVENTIONS:
Molto utile. Se interessa, Cadoni l'aveva gia' messa (in formato HTML)
sul sito 
http://web.tiscalinet.it/Controcorrente/documenti.html
Con la tabella e' meglio leggibile (fonte: ZDNet).
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 Con la tabella e' meglio leggibile (fonte: ZDNet).
Grazie dell'info.
Io comunque l'ho postata non in html per far sě che tutti potessero leggerla.
(non tutti vedono i post in html)
Ciao

     A CENTURY OF U.S. MILITARY INTERVENTIONS:
Scusami, ma e' gia' stata postata 3 volte su it.eventi.guerrakosovo.
Non so se le altre due volte eri tu o no, ma ti chiedo se deve essere
o meno un post con cadenza regolare.
In questo caso lo metto in killfile e risolviamo il problema.
Oppure gradirei che ne facessi uno per tutte le persone uccise dagli
italiani nella loro storia (dai romani ai giorni nostri) giusto per la
par condicio.
Grazie.
-Stefano