Newsgroup: it.cultura.ebraica
Titolo: Ramchal - La Via di D%o - 1:1:3-4

Parte 1: "I principi fondamentali della realta'"
Ch. 1: "Il Creatore"
Paragrafi 3 e 4
Abbiamo unito due paragrafi questa volta, cosa che non abbiamo fatto
finora, perche' sono corti e legati l'uno all'altro.
Il paragrafo 3 parla dell'esistenza di D%o come "necessaria", ed il
paragrafo 4 della Sua esistenza come "indipendente", e non soltanto
"necessaria", ma "intrinsecamente necessaria".
Prima dobbiamo spiegare i termini, e poi fare del nostro meglio per capire
che cosa significa tutto questo.
Per definizione, "necessario" e' o un "prerequisito" o qualcosa di
"indispensabile". Emotivamente, inoltre, implica qualcos'altro. Parleremo
di ambo le cose.
Quando io penso ad un "prerequisito" od a qualcosa "indispensabile", io col
pensiero torno a scuola. C'erano sempre lezioni o corsi che tu *dovevi*
frequentare prima che tu potessi o proseguire o diplomarti.
Con questo paragone in mente noi interpretiamo l'espressione che
l'esistenza di D%o e' necessaria nel senso che Egli *deve* esistere se
qualsiasi altra cosa deve seguirne. In altre parole, proprio nulla puo'
esistere senza Lui. Punto.
Ramchal conclude cosi' il paragrafo: "D%o semplicemente *non* puo'
esistere" perche' se Lui non esiste, null'altro puo'.
Noi abbiamo detto che c'e' anche un significato emotivo nel termine
"necessario". Quando ho un'"impellente necessita'" di qualcosa, io ho una
necessita' acuta, dolente, bruciante di essa. Senza essa provo dolore.
Percio', intendendo la parola in quel senso, io e qualsiasi altra cosa
sperimentiamo una sotterranea "impellente necessita'" di D%o per tutto il
tempo. Noi non potremmo affatto esistere, continuare ad essere senza Lui.
Detta cosi', l'esistenza di D%o e' *necessaria*, ed Egli *non* puo' fare a
meno di esistere, sia come dato di fatto che come dato di esperienza.
Inoltre, come dice il paragrafo 4, l'esistenza di D%o e' "indipendente", e
non soltanto "necessaria" (nel modo predetto", ma "*intrinsecamente*
necessaria".
L'esistenza di D%o e' detta "indipendente" proprio perche' Egli non dipende
da nessun'altra cosa o persona. Dopo tutto, *per definizione*, un D%o
onnipotente dovrebbe essere per forza indipendente, sovrano ed
autosufficiente. Altrimenti onnipotente non sarebbe; e D%o sicuramente
soddisfa questi criteri.
Questo e' abbastanza semplice; ma la prossima affermazione e' un po' piu'
difficile.
Dicendo che D%o e' *intrinsecamente* necessario Ramchal afferma che la
necessita' di D%o (cioe' che la Sua esistenza e' assolutamente
indispensabile) non e' una "regola" a cui Egli si sia sottomesso.
Egli sostiene che D%o "ha scritto la regola" della necessita' cosi' come ha
scritto tutte le altre. Ed egli potrebbe abrogarla se volesse. Dopotutto,
come abbiamo detto, egli e' *indipendente* ed al di sopra di ogni regola.
Questo vuol dire che l'esistenza di D%o e' necessaria *solo perche' Lui ha
voluto cosi'*. Egli stesso "ha deciso" di agire in questo modo.
Gli antichi Greci credevano che i loro d_i (con cui non c'e' confronto),
erano vincolati a qualcosa di piu' grande di loro, il cosiddetto "Fato". Se
qualcosa era destinato ad accadere, nulla poteva fare un D%o greco per
impedirlo. L'Onnipotente Id%io non e' vincolato a nulla. La Sua esistenza
e' *intrinsecamente* necessaria, cioe' e' necessaria solo *perche' lui ha
voluto che cosi' fosse*.
L'idea che segue non e' citata qui, ma con questa termineremo. Molte
persone errano credendo che D%o sia vincolato alla logica, come se la
logica fosse piu' potente di Lui, cosi' come il Fato era piu' potente degli
antichi d_i greci. Ma questo non e' affatto vero.
D%o non e' vincolato dalla logica piu' di quanto lo sia, per esempio, dalla
forza di gravita'. Percio' tutti i tentativi di "incantonarlo" con la
logica falliscono. E tutti gli interrogativi sul se Egli possa creare una
forza maggiore di Se' o no sono semplicemente irrilevanti per la Sua
sovranita' piena ed assoluta.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Ramchal, Copyright © 2001 by Rabbi Yaakov Feldman and Torah.org.
Rabbi Yaakov Feldman has translated and commented upon "The Gates of
Repentance", "The Path of the Just", and "The Duties of the Heart" (Jason
Aronson Publishers). His works are available in bookstores and in various
locations on the Web.
This series is dedicated to the memory of Yitzchak Hehrsh ben Daniel z"l,
and Sara Rivka bas Yaakov Dovid, z"l.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ramchal, Copyright © 2001 by Rabbi Yaakov Feldman and Torah.org.
Rabbi Yaakov Feldman has translated and commented upon "The Gates of
Repentance", "The Path of the Just", and "The Duties of the Heart" (Jason
Aronson Publishers). His works are available in bookstores and in various
locations on the Web.
This series is dedicated to the memory of Yitzchak Hehrsh ben Daniel z"l,
and Sara Rivka bas Yaakov Dovid, z"l.
This list is part of Torah.org: The Judaism Site (Project Genesis, Inc.).
Permission is granted to redistribute, but please give proper attribution
and copyright to the author and Torah.org. Both the author and Torah.org
reserve certain rights. For full information on copyrights, send email to
copyr...@torah.org
 .
To begin or cancel your subscription to this class, please write to
ramchal-...@torah.org
 or 
ramchal-u...@torah.org
 as
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 .
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<originale>
Part 1: "The Fundamental Principles of Reality"
Ch. 1: "The Creator"
Paragraphs 3 and 4
We've combined a couple of paragraphs this time, which we hadn't done so
far,
because they're short and related to each other.
Paragraph 3 speaks of G-d's existence being "imperative", and paragraph 4
speaks of His existence as being "independent" and not just imperative, but
"*intrinsically* imperative".
We'd first need to explain terms, then try our hardest to understand what
this all means.
By definition, an imperative is either a "prerequisite" or something
"absolutely required".  Emotionally, though, it implies something else.
We'll
touch on both.
When I think of a "prerequisite" or something "absolutely required" I'm
immediately brought back to school.  There were always prerequisite classes
or courses you *had* to take before you could either go further on, or
graduate.
With that in mind we'll take the expression that G-d's existence is
imperative to mean that He simply *has* to exist if anything else is to
follow.  In other words, nothing but nothing could ever exist without Him,
period.
As Ramchal puts it at the end of this paragraph, "G-d simply couldn't *not*
exist" because if He didn't exist, then nothing else could.
We said there's an emotional sense of the term "imperative", too. When I
have
an "imperative need" for something, I have an acute, aching, burning need
for
it.  I'm in pain without it.  So in that sense of the word, I and
everything
else experiences a deep-below-the-surface "imperative need" for G-d all the
time.  We simply couldn't exist, couldn't "go on" without Him.
As such,  G-d's existence is *imperative*, He couldn't possibly *not* exist
both in fact, and as far as we're concerned.
Again, as paragraph 4 puts it, G-d's existence is "independent", and not
just
imperative (as we said before), but "*intrinsically* imperative".
G-d's existence is said to be "independent" simply because He depends on
nothing or no one else.  After all, *by definition* an all-mighty God would
simply have to be independent, sovereign, and self-sufficient. Otherwise he
wouldn't be all-mighty.  And G-d Almighty certainly meets those criteria.
That's simple enough.  The next one, though, is a little more turgid.
By saying that G-d is *intrinsically* imperative Ramchal is stating that
G-d's imperativeness (i.e., the fact that His existence is absolutely
required) isn't a "rule" that He has to follow.
His point is that G-d "wrote the rule" of imperativeness just as He wrote
all
other rules.  And He could wipe it out if He wants to or not. After all, as
we said, He's *independent* and above all rules.
That's to say that G-d's existence is imperative *only because He wants it
to
be*.  He Himself "decided" He'd work that way.
The ancient Greeks believed their gods (and there's simply no comparison)
were beholden to something greater than they-- the so-called "Fates". If
something was fated to happen, there was nothing a Greek god could do to
prevent it.  G-d Almighty is beholden to nothing. His existence is
*intrinsically* imperative, i.e., it's only imperative *because He wanted
it
to be*.
The following idea isn't mentioned here, but we'll end with it. Many people
mistakenly believe that G-d is beholden to logic.  As if logic were more
powerful than He, just as the "Fates" were more powerful than the ancient
Greek gods.  But that's simply not true.
G-d is no more beholden to logic than He is to, say, gravity.  So all
attempts to "force" Him into a logical corner fail in the end.  And all
questions of whether He could create a force greater than Himself or not
and
the like are simply irrelevant to His utmost, absolute sovereignty.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Ramchal, Copyright © 2001 by Rabbi Yaakov Feldman and Torah.org.
Rabbi Yaakov Feldman has translated and commented upon "The Gates of
Repentance", "The Path of the Just", and "The Duties of the Heart" (Jason
Aronson Publishers). His works are available in bookstores and in various
locations on the Web.
This series is dedicated to the memory of Yitzchak Hehrsh ben Daniel z"l,
and Sara Rivka bas Yaakov Dovid, z"l.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ramchal, Copyright © 2001 by Rabbi Yaakov Feldman and Torah.org.
Rabbi Yaakov Feldman has translated and commented upon "The Gates of
Repentance", "The Path of the Just", and "The Duties of the Heart" (Jason
Aronson Publishers). His works are available in bookstores and in various
locations on the Web.
This series is dedicated to the memory of Yitzchak Hehrsh ben Daniel z"l,
and Sara Rivka bas Yaakov Dovid, z"l.
This list is part of Torah.org: The Judaism Site (Project Genesis, Inc.).
Permission is granted to redistribute, but please give proper attribution
and copyright to the author and Torah.org. Both the author and Torah.org
reserve certain rights. For full information on copyrights, send email to
copyr...@torah.org
 .
To begin or cancel your subscription to this class, please write to
ramchal-...@torah.org
 or 
ramchal-u...@torah.org
 as
appropriate.
For further help, and for information on archives and subscriptions
to other classes, please ask the Torah.org Robot Gabbai, 
gab...@torah.org
 .
Torah.org depends upon your support. Please visit 
http://torah.org/support/
or write to 
dedic...@torah.org
 or 
dona...@torah.org
 . Thank you!
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Torah.org: The Judaism Site                        
http://www.torah.org/
17 Warren Road, Suite 2B                                 
le...@torah.org
Baltimore, MD 21208                         
(410) 602-1350
 FAX: 510-1053
------------------------------------------------------------------------
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 come abbiamo detto, egli e' *indipendente* ed al di sopra di ogni regola.
Avevo fatto questa riflessione da solo. Lassu' Qualcuno mi ama per avermela
''passata'' :=).
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