Newsgroup: it.discussioni.energie-alternative
Titolo: Disaccoppiamento tra le emissioni di CO2 e la crescita economica

 
Secondo un rapporto dell'IEA le emissioni globali di CO2 del settore
energia sono stabili dal 2013 nonostante l'economia globale sia continuata
a crescere a più del 3%.
Un ruolo chiave lo ha avuto la crescita delle rinnovabili, in particolare
in USA e Cina.
 
http://www.iea.org/newsroomandevents/pressreleases/2016/march/decoupling-of-global-emissions-and-economic-growth-confirmed.html
 
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Global energy-related carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) – the largest source
of man-made greenhouse gas emissions – stayed flat for the second year in a
row, according to analysis of preliminary data for 2015 released today by
the International Energy Agency (IEA).
 
“The new figures confirm last year’s surprising but welcome news: we now
have seen two straight years of greenhouse gas emissions decoupling from
economic growth,” said IEA Executive Director Fatih Birol. “Coming just a
few months after the landmark COP21 agreement in Paris, this is yet another
boost to the global fight against climate change.”
 
Global emissions of carbon dioxide stood at 32.1 billion tonnes in 2015,
having remained essentially flat since 2013. The IEA preliminary data
suggest that electricity generated by renewables played a critical role,
having accounted for around 90% of new electricity generation in 2015; wind
alone produced more than half of new electricity generation. In parallel,
the global economy continued to grow by more than 3%, offering further
evidence that the link between economic growth and emissions growth is
weakening.
 
In the more than 40 years in which the IEA has been providing information
on CO2emissions, there have been only four periods in which emissions stood
still or fell compared to the previous year. Three of those – the early
1980s, 1992 and 2009 – were associated with global economic weakness. But
the recent stall in emissions comes amid economic expansion: according to
the International Monetary Fund, global GDP grew by 3.4% in 2014 and 3.1%
in 2015.
 
The two largest emitters, China and the United States, both registered a
decline in energy-related CO2 in 2015. In China, emissions declined by
1.5%, as coal use dropped for the second year in a row. The economic
restructuring towards less energy-intensive industries and the government’s
efforts to decarbonise electricity generation pushed coal use down. In
2015, coal generated less than 70% of Chinese electricity, ten percentage
points less than four years ago (in 2011). Over the same period low-carbon
sources jumped from 19% to 28%, with hydro and wind accounting for most of
the increase. In the United States, emissions declined by 2%, as a large
switch from coal to natural gas use in electricity generation took place.
 
The decline observed in the two major emitters was offset by increasing
emissions in most other Asian developing economies and the Middle East, and
also a moderate increase in Europe.
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 in USA e Cina.
 
Nel frattempo le rinnovabili in Europa continuano a crescere e nel 2014
sono arrivate a circa il 16% dei consumi finali di energia primaria (il 20%
č l'obiettivo per il 2020).
 
http://www.eea.europa.eu/highlights/renewables-increasingly-curbing-reliance-on
 
 
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The additional consumption of renewable energy, compared to the level of
consumption in 2005, has allowed the EU to cut its demand for fossil fuels
by 110 Million tonnes of oil equivalent (Mtoe) in 2013. This is equivalent
to a gross reduction of carbon dioxide emissions of 362 Million tonnes (Mt)
in 2013.
(...)
Coal was the fuel most substituted by renewables across Europe in 2013 and
in 2014, (roughly 45% of all avoided fossil fuels) followed by natural gas
(roughly 29% of all avoided fossil fuels).
(...)
As a result of national growth in the consumption of renewable energy since
2005, Germany, Italy and Spain achieved the largest reduction in domestic
fossil fuel use and gross avoided greenhouse gas emissions in 2013.
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 fossil fuel use and gross avoided greenhouse gas emissions in 2013.
 
Non mi torna la Germania.
 
Ma credo di avere capito, hanno scelto con cura un 2005, nonostante gli
impegni si basavano sui consumi del 1990. L'arte di cambiare la realta'
per farla calzare ad uso e consumo della propaganda.