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https://openalex.org/W3149074559 | WAGNER’S LAW AND SOCIAL WELFARE: THE CASE OF THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA | [
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"Saudi Arabia"
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3149074559 | This paper uses data from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to empirically test Wagner's Law in explaining public expenditure growth in association with economic growth; and if this growth enhanced the public welfare. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has witnessed a marked increase in government expenditure. We use the Engle and Granger (E-G) two-step cointegration method to examine the relationship between government expenditure and economic growth. Out of the four model specifications that we have tested, two models indicate that a positive long run relationship exists between government expenditure and economic growth. However, the income elasticities are not large enough to suggest that the growth in government expenditure exceeds the growth in national income; only that upward pressure is exerted. Looking at available data it is clear that governmental expenditures from GDP expansions increased public welfare for Saudis over the test period. JEL Classification: H11, O5 | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W4388731802 | The role of the governance of social welfare institutions in reducing abuse from the point of view of the abused: A study applied to vulnerable women in the governorate of Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4388731802 | This study aimed at examining the availability of the dimensions of governance within social care institutions to reduce the level of abuse in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The survey method was used with random sampling and the sample was composed of (375) abused females in the provinces of Riyadh in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The data that was collected with a questionnaire that was designed to elicit information from abused females in the provinces of Riyadh and was statistically analyzed using SPSS17. The findings of the study showed that the majority of the abused females have a university degree (a bachelor degree) and their percentage was (35.5%). According to age variable, most of the abused females were younger than 30 years of age and made up (34.7%) of the sample. The study also showed that there are statistically significant differences between the dimensions of governance available within social care institutions to reduce the level of abuse from the point of view of the abused females in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the variable of academic qualification related to the dimension of social accountability, as the value of counted (P) was = 25.737. In terms of the differences and years of benefiting from social care working in the field protection from abuse related to the dimension of social accountability, the value of counted (P) was = 16.107 whereas the value of tabulated (P) at the point of (374, 0.05) =1.19k. In terms of the transparency dimension, the value of counted (p) was = 97.457; and in terms of the dimension of integrity, the value of counted (P) was = 37.636. The study concluded with some recommendations that may contribute in achieving better protection for those who are at risk of abuse. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2922425852 | The role of the governance of social welfare institutions in reducing abuse from the point of view of the abused: A study applied to vulnerable women in the governorate of Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2922425852 | This study aimed at examining the availability of the dimensions of governance within social care institutions to reduce the level of abuse in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The survey method was used with random sampling and the sample was composed of (375) abused females in the provinces of Riyadh in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The data that was collected with a questionnaire that was designed to elicit information from abused females in the provinces of Riyadh and was statistically analyzed using SPSS17. The findings of the study showed that the majority of the abused females have a university degree (a bachelor degree) and their percentage was (35.5%). According to age variable, most of the abused females were younger than 30 years of age and made up (34.7%) of the sample. The study also showed that there are statistically significant differences between the dimensions of governance available within social care institutions to reduce the level of abuse from the point of view of the abused females in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the variable of academic qualification related to the dimension of social accountability, as the value of counted (P) was = 25.737. In terms of the differences and years of benefiting from social care working in the field protection from abuse related to the dimension of social accountability, the value of counted (P) was = 16.107 whereas the value of tabulated (P) at the point of (374, 0.05) =1.19k. In terms of the transparency dimension, the value of counted (p) was = 97.457; and in terms of the dimension of integrity, the value of counted (P) was = 37.636. The study concluded with some recommendations that may contribute in achieving better protection for those who are at risk of abuse. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2096336935 | Social Values and Planning | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2096336935 | Saudi Arabia came to a decision that it should have a plan. It set out with the aim of developing all of the country, taking into a account the benefit of the population as a whole. Saudi special social, religious and ideological characteristics would be maintained through out planning. The main purpose of this research is to discuss: 1- Saudi customs, religion and traditions which could be obstacles in the way of planning. 2- The attitude of the society towards planning. 3- The nature of the society's response to planning. It has been found that the objective of Saudi planning is to maximize the welfare of the society at large without rupturing the social value In addition, Saudi attachment to religious and social customs did not slow the progress of planning. | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W2258197917 | The Saudi trinity: oil, God and security | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2258197917 | With the winds of the Arab spring still blowing across the region, internally Saudi Arabia seems to have put in place three safeguards against the turbulence. Lavish economic handouts worth more than $70 billion were promised in February to absorb discontent. A package of economic, social, health and educational benefits was meant to absorb immediate frustration at lack of housing, jobs, health facilities, and welfare services. The regime promised more employment opportunities in two relevant sectors: the religious bureaucracy and the security services. The first absorbs the increasing number of graduates who cannot be employed in the private sector. The second strengthens the increasing militarization of Saudi society. | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W2982559648 | Investigating Social Media Utilization and Challenges in the Governmental Sector for Crisis Events | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2982559648 | The use and utilization of social media applications, tools, and services enables advanced services in daily routines, activities, and work environments. Nowadays, disconnection from social media services is a disadvantage due to their increasing use and functionality. The use of social media applications and services has provided different methods and routines for communications that ranges from posting, reposting, commenting, interacting, and live communication that can reach a mass population with minimum time, effort, and expenses compared with traditional media systems and channels. The current benefits of using social media can assist in providing better services in terms of communication and guidance for civil protection services within governmental sectors, as reported by different research studies. The use of social media has been found to be critically important by governmental agencies in different situations for directing, educating, and engaging people during different events. This study investigates the use of social media services in Saudi Arabia in governmental sectors to outline the opportunities and challenges faced, given the challenging situations faced annually during the Hajj and Ramadan rituals, and sporadic flood crisis events. This research focuses on defining the current stand and challenges of using social media services for providing mass communication and civil engagement during hazardous and challenging events in Saudi Arabia. The results of this study will be used as a roadmap for future investigation in this regard. | [
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https://openalex.org/W112838078 | The Welfare State as a Valuable Work-in-Progress FOR UM: T HE VA LUE OF T HE W ELF A RE ST AT E | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W112838078 | ET ME START WITH THE CONCLUsion. The welfare state is a work-in-progress with many flaws. More on the flaws in due course. Overall, however, it is one of the major political achievements of the century. When competently managed—an important caveat—state-run social programmes can significantly improve a country’s social outcomes relative to what one would expect based on the level of per-capita income. The term “welfare state” has many meanings. Some are associated with a dole for the poor, others with left-wing politics. Nicholas Barr, a British economist and author of a major textbook on the subject, has a good informal definition. He describes it as “shorthand for the state’s activities in four broad areas: cash benefits; health care; education; and food, housing and other welfare services.” Distinguishing precisely between what activities should, and should not, be included in the welfare state is like deciding precisely when day becomes night. Virtually everyone would include primary health care, but what about publicly funded psychological counselling or chiropractic services? By any reasonable definition, however, social programmes comprise over half of government expenditures among major industrial countries in times of peace. To appreciate the potential of the welfare state, I refer readers to the accompanying table. It reports some basic social indicators for eight countries categorised by the World Bank as low income (India, China, and Sri Lanka), medium income (Thailand and Saudi Arabia), and high income (Sweden, Canada and the United States). Unless a country contains a lot of exceptionally productive natural resources, as in the case of Saudi Arabia, prosperity means that it must have undergone the complex transformation required to industrialise. Economic | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W4242946573 | Education, Health, Youth Welfare, Social Services and Justice | [
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"Saudi Arabia"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4242946573 | With the exception of the last twenty-five years, education in Saudi Arabia has concentrated almost entirely upon teaching the Muslim religion to the young male members of the population. With the expansion of educational facilities during the last decade the teaching of Islam has remained the focal point of the educational system. The education policy document published in 1970 stated that the basis of policy was the ‘duty of acquainting the individual with his God and religion and adjusting his conduct in accordance with the teaching of religion, the fulfilment of the need of society and in achievement of the nation’s objectives’.1 There have been two fundamental developments in the last fifteen years: a widening of education to include females, although maintaining a strict segregation of the sexes; and the utilisation of the educational system to overcome manpower problems associated with economic development. | [
{
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|
https://openalex.org/W2488814094 | Education, Health, Youth Welfare, Social Services and Justice | [
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"display_name": "John R. Presley",
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"Saudi Arabia"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2488814094 | With the exception of the last twenty years education in Saudi Arabia had concentrated almost entirely upon teaching the Muslim religion to the young male members of the population. With the expansion of educational facilities during the last decade the teaching of Islam has remained the focal point of the educational system. The education policy document published in 1970 stated that the basis of policy was the ‘duty of acquainting the individual with his God and religion and adjusting his conduct in accordance with the teaching of religion, the fulfilment of the need of society and in achievement of the nation’s objectives’.1 There have been two fundamental developments particularly in the last decade. These have been the widening of education to include females, although maintaining a strict segregation of the sexes and second the utilisation of the educational system to overcome manpower problems associated with economic development. | [
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"display_name": "Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463716",
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|
https://openalex.org/W3121697006 | A Proposed Program to Improve Quality of life for the Orphans at Social Care Homes | [
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] | [
"https://openalex.org/W1983178326",
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"https://openalex.org/W2046252849",
"https://openalex.org/W2167540692",
"https://openalex.org/W2754176143"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3121697006 | The present paper investigates the reality of services and quality of life of orphans, identifies the relationship between both variables, and proposes a program to improve the quality of life among the orphans at social care homes. The author developed and applied a questionnaire of the reality of services provided and a scale of quality of life to (100) orphans at social care homes in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The results showed low levels of services and quality of life among the orphans at social care homes. There was a positive correlation between those services and the quality of life among orphans. The paper recommends the adoption of the proposed program by decision-makers and specialists in the care and rehabilitation of the orphans to improve their quality of life. Moreover, the program should be an integral part of rehabilitation and education programs delivered to the orphans in the future.
 
 Received: 2 October 2020 / Accepted: 9 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021 | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W4390509604 | Privacy Considerations of Location Tracking in Social Welfare Applications | [
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] | [
"Saudi Arabia",
"Bahrain"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4390509604 | COVID-19 rapidly spread worldwide starting in December 2019, reaching its peak during the first quarter of 2021. As of October 28, 2021, COVID-19 deaths have surpassed 5,000,000 globally, with the highest death tolls in the United States, Brazil, and India. Governments scrambled to combat the pandemic using various techniques, including social welfare and pandemic tracking applications. This scramble accelerated the progress of the digital revolution through the proliferation of numerous social welfare applications worldwide. These applications are used for tracking vaccination status, contact tracing, social distancing, symptoms, and positive cases, as well as for enforcing quarantine and lockdown policies and detecting violations. Artificial intelligence and other technology advances raise concerns about security, privacy, and equity since many of these applications work with personal information from one’s health records, employment information, and location data. This paper examines such applications in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the Kingdom of Bahrain, and the United States. Develop best practices that can be followed to enhance the security of and equitable access to social applications. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W3013396025 | Social Media Enhances Consumer Behaviour During e-Transactions: An Empirical Evidence from Bahrain | [
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] | [
"https://openalex.org/W1563746153",
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"https://openalex.org/W1985749074",
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"https://openalex.org/W2149142441",
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"https://openalex.org/W4233457423",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3013396025 | This study aims to investigate the role of social media on consumer behaviour in the restaurants industry of Bahrain. The objectives of this research were to assess importance of social media as a marketing tool for Bahrain’s restaurants for influencing consumer purchase decision-making. Such an objective was reached by the scholars who randomly collected data from 224 respondents in Bahrain, who use social media, using a survey instrument. The findings of the descriptive analysis revealed that social media affects consumers’ decision-making, such that the consumers use the social media to study new products, services, and particularly new brands. Also, ongoing consumer discussions reveal how social media exposes the pros and cons of products, services, and brands, so consumers are comfortable with their online decisions, since they can select broads before settling on what is the best price, quality, etc. Moreover, the social media speeds the spread of information unlike any other mass media; ensuring that new knowledge reaches consumers, hence enhancing competition among retailers in the restaurant industry. This study concludes that social media plays a vital role in promoting consumer welfare and decision-making. | [
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S30163770",
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3090522940 | Social Impact of IVF (After COVID-19 Pandemic and New Normal) | [
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"display_name": "Dunya Ahmed",
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{
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{
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"display_name": "Noor Albakri",
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{
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{
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{
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{
"display_name": "Agriculture",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118518473"
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] | [
"Bahrain"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3090522940 | This study aims to analyse the different IVF services and its possible impact on family and social life, after the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors selected the Kingdom of Bahrain as a context for the research and explored the IVF influence on the ‘family stability’ and the ‘social stability’. The framework proposed shows the importance of future foresight of IVF transformation in both the area of life and livelihood.The study used a quantitative method to understand the type of demands on the supplied IVF services, and where the capacity could be raised in the new normal. The paper concludes that IVF could be a source for family stability and as one of the means of controlling the rising of psychosocial phenomena in the future. The other implication of this study calls for monitoring the rapid increases of dependency ratio, as fertility ratio drops, and how IVF services should be planned as part of a national policy; especially with the repeated emergency crisis. | [
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210176266",
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|
https://openalex.org/W4240243009 | Social Welfare Activities in Bahrain | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Lebanese American University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5003143791"
}
] | [
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C536738050"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477"
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4240243009 | In several issues of AI-Raida, we reported on the increasing interest in social welfare projects which distinguishes the State of Bahrain. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4230576785 | Social Welfare Activities in Bahrain: Problems of Family Planning | [
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https://openalex.org/W4299622244 | Family life clinics for Gulf state: Bahrain FPA helps bring a family planning breakthrough. | [] | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4299622244 | Family life clinics which will provide family planning services alongside maternal and child health services and general counseling are opening in health centers throughout Bahrain and in the main hospital at Manama. Bahrain, a small island in the Arabian Gulf, formed its first Family Planning Association (FPA) just 4 years ago; and this new initiative is seen as a direct result of cooperation between FPA and the government. To spread family planning awareness and services particularly to the poorer section of the population, Bahrain's FPA developed in various stages. Stage 1, in 1975, was to attract and educate volunteers and channel their interest into special committees dealing with programs; public relations; child welfare; legal and medical affairs; research; and conferences and education. Stage 2 came with the need to coordinate the work and set up a 2-person staff and an office. Stage 3 developed with the first field campaign. Door-to-door visiting was tried but was not popular with volunteers or residents. Approaching the population through community clubs and institutions was tried with much success. The new family life clinics are the latest stage of a fruitful cooperation between FPA and the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs. In addition to the new family life clinics, an active effort to improve family planning awareness has continued using national seminars and mass media. Fund-raising is under way for a mobile,clinic which will provide health services and methods of contraception, to which there is still substantial resistance, to many on the island who have no exposure to the mass media. Wide acceptance of the need for family planning for the sake of mothers, the family, and the child is growing in Bahrain. | [
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https://openalex.org/W1500845271 | Islam, charity, and activism: middle-class networks and social welfare in Egypt, Jordan, and Yemen | [] | [
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"Yemen",
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1500845271 | Preliminary Table of Contents: List of Tables and Charts Preface and Acknowledgments 1. Islamic Social Institutions, Social Movement Theory, and the Middle Classes 2. Islamic Medical Clinics in Egypt: The Operational Imperatives of ISIs and the Role of Middle Class Networks 3. The Islamic Center Charity Society in Jordan: The Benefits to the Middle Class 4. The Islah Charitable Society in Yemen: Women's Social Networks, Charity and Da'wa 5. The Significance of Being Middle Class Notes Bibliography Index | [
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https://openalex.org/W4254874902 | No. 48040: International Development Association and Yemen | [] | [
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https://openalex.org/W2174583799 | The Yemen cash transfer programme: How Oxfam used social welfare fund lists and the Post Office system to distribute funds and rebuild donor trust | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2174583799 | In October 2011, Oxfam partnered with the Social Welfare Fund and the Post Office in Al Hodeidah governorate in Yemen to deliver cash transfers to vulnerable households during a period of worsening food crisis. With other donors stalling and expressing a lack of trust in this approach, the Oxfam team had to work hard to demonstrate its legitimacy and effectiveness. This case study shares that experience. | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W2949118101 | Yemen, Republic of - Social Fund for Development Phase Four | [
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"Yemen"
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3189325988 | In the design and implementation of an emergency social protection project, challenging factors require solutions such as beneficiary identification, payment process, coordination of different actors, and remote operational management. In Yemen, a country at war without an active social intervention programme, the situation called for the implementation of an emergency cash transfer project (ECTP) for 1.5 million families, to cover their basic food needs. The families chosen as beneficiaries corresponded to former beneficiaries of the Social Welfare Fund (SWF) that was functioning before the war began in 2017. The ECTP cycle consisted of the following processes: invitation and confirmation of SWF beneficiaries through community validation of identity, enrolment, payments, case management, and monitoring. Each process was outsourced to private firms, financial institutions, and NGOs. The overall direction was carried out by a UNICEF unit and it was able to overcome the challenges and paid most families in the following years. | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2024537626 | This article fills an important gap in the literature by exploring the trends in social welfare in four MENA countries that have undertaken extensive economic liberalization programs under the auspices of the IMF and the World Bank — namely, Jordan, Egypt, Tunisia, and Morocco. Studying the experiences of these countries provides an opportunity to enhance the understanding of the link between economic reforms, the level of social welfare provision, and political stability. | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1513565942 | Economic liberalisation programmes have been introduced to several countries in the Middle East and North Africa in recent years, with the World Bank and IMF promoting this reform. The inevitable retrenchment of the state under liberalisation has arguably opened up a space for Islamic-based activities related to welfare provision. This book looks at two aspects of Islamic activity in the Middle East and North Africa: the development of social capital and the provision of welfare services, especially in the area of health and education. With in-depth country studies of Jordan, Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia, this book explores the differing experiences in the MENA countries, which range from the Tunisian experience, in which state welfare provision actually increased under liberalisation, to the experience of Jordan and Egypt, where increased poverty and a decline in the quality of state welfare provision under liberalisation has led to a large increase in Islamic welfare activities to the extent that the Muslim Brotherhood has gained considerable political capital, and now represents the main opposition to incumbent regimes in these two countries.
This book provides a detailed examination of the social impact of economic liberalisation in the Middle East and North Africa, using the social capital concept to analyse the Islamic response to welfare changes. With a comprehensive and detailed analysis of four MENA countries and their varying experiences of economic liberalisation, this book is essential reading for all interested in welfare, liberalisation and political economy in the Middle East and North Africa. | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3122925167 | Variations in aggregate poverty indices can be due to differences in average poverty intensity, to changes in the welfare distances between those poor of initially unequal welfare status and/or to emerging disparities in welfare among those poor of initially similar welfare status. This note uses a general cost-of-inequality approach that decomposes the total change in poverty into a sum of indices of each of these three components. This decomposition can serve inter alia to integrate horizontal and vertical equity criteria in the poverty alleviation assessment of social and economic programmes. The use of these measures is briefly illustrated using Tunisian data. | [
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https://openalex.org/W3123068711 | Focused Targeting against Poverty Evidence from Tunisia | [
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"Tunisia"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3123068711 | This paper introduces a new methodology to target direct transfers against poverty. Our method is based on observable correlates and on estimation methods that focus on the poor. Using data from Tunisia, we estimate ‘focused’ transfer schemes that improve anti-poverty targeting performances. Post-transfer poverty can be substantially reduced with the new estimation method. The impact of these schemes on the welfare of the poor is also much stronger than the current food subsidies system in Tunisia. Finally, the obtained levels of undercoverage of the poor is so low that ‘proxy-means’ focused transfer schemes becomes a realistic alternative to price subsidies, likely to avoid social unrest. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2496123043 | Islamic Social Welfare and Political Islam in the Arab World | [
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https://openalex.org/W1543458643 | Decomposing Poverty Changes into Vertical and Horizontal Components | [
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https://openalex.org/W2911217145 | Applying the ‘no-one worse off’ criterion to design Pareto efficient HIV responses in Sudan and Togo | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2755517217 | The strategy of price liberalisation and privatisation had been implemented in Sudan over the last decade, and has had a positive result on government deficit. The investment law approved recently has good statements and rules on the above strategy in particular to pharmacy regulations. Under the pressure of the new privatisation policy, the government introduced radical changes in the pharmacy regulations. To improve the effectiveness of the public pharmacy, resources should be switched towards areas of need, reducing inequalities and promoting better health conditions. Medicines are financed either through cost sharing or full private. The role of the private services is significant. A review of reform of financing medicines in Sudan is given in this study. Also, it highlights the current drug supply system in the public sector, which is currently responsibility of the Central Medical Supplies Public Corporation (CMS). In Sudan, the researchers did not identify any rigorous evaluations or quantitative studies about the impact of drug regulations on the quality of medicines and how to protect public health against counterfeit or low quality medicines, although it is practically possible. However, the regulations must be continually evaluated to ensure the public health is protected against by marketing high quality medicines rather than commercial interests, and the drug companies are held accountable for their conduct. | [
{
"display_name": "Journal of current medical research and opinion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210226081",
"type": "journal"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2322297969 | Commitment of Islamic banks to long-term economic development and society welfare: the Sudan experience | [
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"Sudan"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2322297969 | This paper attempts to evaluate the overall commitment of Islamic banks in Sudan to the economic development and social welfare, by analysing the pattern of financing provided by these institutions to the interested parties. The study developed three hypotheses with respect to the issue at hand and used annual data to test these hypotheses. The results indicated that the stated hypotheses of the study: commitment to long-term economic development, community development and social welfare, and risky investments could not be supported. The results revealed that there have been steady decline in the proportion of banks funds which were allotted to the long-term economic development, community development and social welfare, and risky investments in Sudan. The study helps in directing attention to the search for new ways of bringing Islamic banks to true spirit, and not artificial Islamic finance. Microfinance, new sub-institutions, entrepreneurship activities and private equity-like investments are only a few in that regard. | [
{
"display_name": "International journal of Islamic marketing and branding",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210208507",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2531150054 | The role of regulatory impact assessment: Privatisation, social welfare services and its alternatives of Sudan | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
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] | [
"Sudan"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2531150054 | Objective: The strategy of price liberalisation and privatisation had been implemented in Sudan over the last decade, and has had a positive result on government deficit. The investment law approved recently has good statements and rules on the above strategy in particular to pharmacy regulations. Under the pressure of the new privatisation policy, the government introduced radical changes in the pharmacy regulations. To improve the effectiveness of the public pharmacy, resources should be switched towards areas of need, reducing inequalities and promoting better health conditions. Medicines are financed either through cost sharing or full private. The role of the private services is significant. Methods: The article proposal was discussed to identify and improve the quality of medicines in Sudan. The survey was deliberately drug importers biased, as low quality medicines from informal sources will affect their business. The authors then designed a self-administered questionnaire of 14 close-ended questions and one open question. Before starting the data collection, ethical clearance was obtained from the Federal Ministry of Health (MOH)-Research Ethics Committee. Results: The finding of this article indicates the application procedures of the current measures to ensure the quality of medicines should be revisited. The technical complexity of regulations, political, commercial and social implications, makes necessary a degree of mutual trust between concerned stakeholders (i.e., suppliers, doctors, pharmacists, consumer representatives and government agencies). Conclusions: The study reveals the need for further research to find out how efficient the regulatory authorities at both federal and state levels are. The research also needed to discover whether or not counterfeit medicines are sold on the Sudanese market. | [
{
"display_name": "Journal of Developing Drugs",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764666810",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2180117187 | The role of regulatory impact assessment: privatisation, social welfare services and its alternatives of Sudan | [
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
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] | [
"Sudan"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W43713739",
"https://openalex.org/W265101070",
"https://openalex.org/W561639201",
"https://openalex.org/W1557459633",
"https://openalex.org/W1965958981",
"https://openalex.org/W1975685280",
"https://openalex.org/W1977217860",
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"https://openalex.org/W2244339088",
"https://openalex.org/W2301384458",
"https://openalex.org/W2316526332"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2180117187 | Objective: The strategy of price liberalisation and privatisation had been implemented in Sudan over the last decade, and has had a positive result on government deficit. The investment law approved recently has good statements and rules on the above strategy in particular to pharmacy regulations. Under the pressure of the new privatisation policy, the government introduced radical changes in the pharmacy regulations. To improve the effectiveness of the public pharmacy, resources should be switched towards areas of need, reducing inequalities and promoting better health conditions. Medicines are financed either through cost sharing or full private. The role of the private services is significant. Methods: The article proposal was discussed to identify and improve the quality of medicines in Sudan. The survey was deliberately drug importers biased, as low quality medicines from informal sources will affect their business. The authors then designed a self-administered questionnaire of 14 close-ended questions and one open question. Before starting the data collection, ethical clearance was obtained from the Federal Ministry of Health (MOH)-Research Ethics Committee. Results: The finding of this article indicates the application procedures of the current measures to ensure the quality of medicines should be revisited. The technical complexity of regulations, political, commercial and social implications, makes necessary a degree of mutual trust between concerned stakeholders (i.e., suppliers, doctors, pharmacists, consumer representatives and government agencies). Conclusions: The study reveals the need for further research to find out how efficient the regulatory authorities at both federal and state levels are. The research also needed to discover whether or not counterfeit medicines are sold on the Sudanese market. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3083135603 | The German Welfare State as a Holding Environment for Refugees: A Case Study of Incorporation | [
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"display_name": "John Borneman",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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"Syria"
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"https://openalex.org/W2005637604",
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"https://openalex.org/W2115137641",
"https://openalex.org/W2124834111",
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"https://openalex.org/W4243999145",
"https://openalex.org/W4255197821",
"https://openalex.org/W4255412742"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3083135603 | Focusing on the psychological dimensions of the social incorporation of Syrian refugees into the German welfare state, this chapter examines the actual experience of one Syrian refugee. Through the sensual and bodily experience of encounters between strangers and citizens, it demonstrates how the welfare state creates a secure “holding environment” that facilitates the development of a capacity to care for oneself and for others. While refugee incorporation is always potentially threatening to the integrity of both the individual and social body, it can be evaluated positively with the emergence of elements of mutual belonging. It is likely to be perceived as a failure unless there is a mutual modification of the internal images refugees and residents of welfare states have of each other. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W4232787656 | Social Development Impact of the Conflict | [] | [
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] | [
"Syria",
"Iraq"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4232787656 | No AccessApr 2015Social Development Impact of the ConflictAuthors/Editors: World BankWorld BankSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0548-6_ch2AboutView ChaptersFull TextPDF (2.3 MB) ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In Abstract: Discusses how the social development impact analysis of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) crises in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) identified costs in the health and education sectors, as well as in (1) food security and agricultural livelihood, (2) poverty and welfare, (3) social assistance and labor, (4) housing and shelter, and (5) social cohesion and security. The inflow of Syrian refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) has imposed substantial strains on the social sectors, putting significant pressures on public finances and severely constraining the delivery of health, education, and social protection programs. The poverty rate doubled, from 3.5 percent (2012) to 8.1 percent (2014), while per capita spending in social services has dropped. Food security remains hampered, and more than 243,000 IDPs need shelter, severely undermining social cohesion. The total stabilization cost for addressing the humanitarian crisis ranges between $845.9 million and $1.6 billion in 2015. Previous chapterNext chapter FiguresreferencesRecommendeddetailsCited byVictims of a Broken System: A Syrian Refugee Family’s Struggle for Healthcare in LebanonHPHR Journal, No.91 September 2016 View Published: April 2015ISBN: 978-1-4648-0548-6e-ISBN: 978-1-4648-0549-3 Copyright & Permissions Related CountriesIraqRelated TopicsCommunities & Human SettlementsConflict and DevelopmentGovernanceMacroeconomics and Economic GrowthPoverty Reduction KeywordsSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL IMPACT ANALYSISREGIONAL GOVERNMENTSOCIOECONOMIC CHANGESHUMANITARIAN RELIEFCAPACITY BUILDINGPOSTCONFLICT GOVERNANCECONFLICT-AFFECTED COUNTRIESPOSTCONFLICT RECONSTRUCTIONTERRORIST ORGANIZATIONSPUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERYSOCIAL SERVICE DELIVERYFOOD SECURITYDISPLACED PEOPLE PDF DownloadLoading ... | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W4324340239 | Syrian Refugees Evaluation for the Services Provided By High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) In Zaatari Refugee Camp (A Field Study) | [
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"Syria"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4324340239 | The study aims at identifying the Syrian refugees’ evaluation of services provided by UNHCR, to achieve the objectives of the study, a sample social survey method was used. Anecdotal sample was selected consisting of (3%) of the study population formed from (471) heads of households, by using (the SPSS)statistical program to come up with results that would answer the study questions. The study reached the following important results: The general average of refugee satisfaction with the services provided by UNHCR was high, reaching an average of (3.85). Satisfaction of refugees with services in general (psychosocial support services, educational services, cleaning services, social support services, water services) was high, as shown by arithmetic averages, In-kind assistance, and electricity services were found at a moderate level. | [
{
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|
https://openalex.org/W3093183162 | THE NEW FORM OF THE PUBLIC-CIVIL SOCIETY RELATIONS AND THE WELFARE STATE | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3093183162 | As the feld of activity becomes narrower in local governments, it is easier and less costly to refect the preferences of people. Since the distance between society and administration is closer, the local government formed qt political and administrative levels produces more effective results in terms of democratic effciency. In this new administrative form, which can also be expressed as “local governance”, the local government in an autonomous structure, assuming more responsibility to cooperate with the central government, private sector and other actors (development agencies, NGOs, etc.) At this point, while focusing on the needs and disadvantages, it is necessary to understand that NGOs hold basic responsibilities in terms of cooperating with local governments in various forms such as local education, provision of social services, empowerment of solidarity and protection of freedoms. After the collapse of welfare politics, the importance of cooperation between government and civil society has emerged. It is then necessary to talk about the increasing importance of civil society as a prominent actor in the feld of social welfare, in the sense that having the basis for providing services without being exposed to the conditions of bulkiness, ineffciency and red-tape. The cooperation mechanism, recently revealed in Sultanbeyli within the context of Syrian refugees, is a good example which brings Sultanbeyli Municipality, Sultanbeyli Governorship, the Ministry of Family and Social Policy and some important non-governmental organizations together as project partners. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2152556444 | Health in the 5th 5-years Development Plan of Iran: Main Challenges, General Policies and Strategies. | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2152556444 | Access to the right to the highest attainable level of health is a constitutional right that obliges governments and other players to take step to increase all individuals' chances of obtaining good health. At the least, health and education are two crucial requirements for this as well. Iran's vision 2025 is going to lead the country to a developed state with the highest rank of economic, scientific and technological status in the region. Enjoying health, welfare, food security, social security, equal opportunities, etc, are also considered as part of characteristics of Iranian society in 2025. Although health system of Iran has many achievements in providing health services specially for the poor following the Islamic Revolution of 1979, but the evidences gathered to develop the 5(th) 5-years economical, social and cultural plan (5(th)5YDP:2011-2015), listed a variety of main challenges in stewardship, financing, resources generation and service provision functions of the existing health system. Thus, to overcome the main challenges, about 11% of general policies of 5(th)5YDP are directly address health related issues with emphasizing on healthy human and comprehensive health approach with considering: Integration of policy making, planning, evaluation, supervision and public financing; Developing both quantity and quality of health insurance system and reducing out-of-pocket expenditures for health services to 30% by the end of the 5th plan. The strategies of 5(th)5YDP adopted by the parliament as an Act will change the health system fundamentally through tuning the main drivers; so, its implementation needs brave leaders, capable managers, motivated technical staff and social mobilization. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2011909898 | Client Violence and Mental Health Status among Iranian Social Workers: A National Survey | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2011909898 | Journal Article Client Violence and Mental Health Status among Iranian Social Workers: A National Survey Get access Mojgan Padyab, Mojgan Padyab * Padyab, Statistician, MPH, Ph.D., Candidate at the Department of Social work, Umeå University. Chelak, Head of the Centre for Socially Injured People, Social Affairs Department of the State Welfare Organisation, Tehran, Iran; and a qualified social worker. Nygren, Professor of Social work at Umeå University, Sweden. Ghazinour, Associate professor of social work at Umeå University, Sweden. *Correspondence to Mojgan Padyab, Department of Social Work, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden. E-mail: Mojgan.Padyab@socw.umu.se Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Hassan Mousavi Chelak, Hassan Mousavi Chelak Padyab, Statistician, MPH, Ph.D., Candidate at the Department of Social work, Umeå University. Chelak, Head of the Centre for Socially Injured People, Social Affairs Department of the State Welfare Organisation, Tehran, Iran; and a qualified social worker. Nygren, Professor of Social work at Umeå University, Sweden. Ghazinour, Associate professor of social work at Umeå University, Sweden. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Lennart Nygren, Lennart Nygren Padyab, Statistician, MPH, Ph.D., Candidate at the Department of Social work, Umeå University. Chelak, Head of the Centre for Socially Injured People, Social Affairs Department of the State Welfare Organisation, Tehran, Iran; and a qualified social worker. Nygren, Professor of Social work at Umeå University, Sweden. Ghazinour, Associate professor of social work at Umeå University, Sweden. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mehdi Ghazinour Mehdi Ghazinour Padyab, Statistician, MPH, Ph.D., Candidate at the Department of Social work, Umeå University. Chelak, Head of the Centre for Socially Injured People, Social Affairs Department of the State Welfare Organisation, Tehran, Iran; and a qualified social worker. Nygren, Professor of Social work at Umeå University, Sweden. Ghazinour, Associate professor of social work at Umeå University, Sweden. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The British Journal of Social Work, Volume 42, Issue 1, January 2012, Pages 111–128, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcr053 Published: 05 May 2011 Article history Accepted: 01 March 2011 Published: 05 May 2011 | [
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https://openalex.org/W175791106 | Social insurance for dental care in Iran: a developing scheme for a developing country. | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W175791106 | This study aimed to describe the current situation with regard to dental care provided under social insurance in Iran in qualitative terms and to assess it critically with regard to equity and efficiency.After a thorough review of the relevant literature, a template of topics, which included population coverage, range of treatment provided, contracting mechanisms, fees, level of co-payments and dental share of total health expenditures, was developed by a panel of Iranian health finance experts. It was used during interviews with informed persons from the different Iranian social funds. These interviews were recorded and transcribed. The transcriptions were checked for accuracy by those who had been interviewed and were then analysed.It was found that, currently, four major social funds are involved in health (including dental) insurance in Iran, under the supervision of The Supreme Council of Health Insurance, located at the newly integrated Ministry of Cooperatives, Labour & Social Welfare. Around 90% of Iranians are covered for health insurance within a Bismarckian system to which the employed, the employers, and the Government contribute. The system has developed piecemeal over the years and is characterised by a complexity of revenue-collection schemes, fragmented insurance pools, and passive purchasing of dental services.The dental sector of Iranian social insurance should establish a strategic purchasing plan for dental care with the aim of improving performance and access to care. Within the plan, there should be a basic benefit package of dental services based on the relative cost-effectiveness of interventions, educating an adequate number of allied dental professionals to provide simple services, and introducing mixed payment methods. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2899296186 | Industrial development and social welfare: A case study of Iran | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2899296186 | Abstract Nowadays, monitoring and evaluation of social welfare are of profound import in many countries. This study sought to shed some light on the impact of industrial development on the Iranian social welfare. The Iranian Social Welfare Composite Index (SWCI) and Sen Welfare index (SEN) considered as proxies of Iranian social welfare. To gauge the impact of industrialization on social welfare, Autoregressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) bound testing was utilized. The econometric models estimated using annual data from 1967 to 2015 and presented in terms of long-run and short-run dynamic relationships. The results indicate that industrial development had a significant impact on the Iranian social welfare and this impact has been stronger in the long run. In addition, oil revenues, inflation, unemployment and the Iraq-Iran War have had a significant impact on the Iranian social welfare during the period under review. Despite the contradictory impact of industrialization on the various dimensions of welfare, the results show that the industrial development has had a positive impact on the social welfare in Iran. So, the government can boost the effects of industrialization on social welfare by controlling its negative effects. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2152973367 | Burnout among Social Workers in Iran: Relations to Individual Characteristics and Client Violence | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2152973367 | Social workers are considered a professional group at high risk of burnout. Noticing the insufficient human resource management and understaffed social work centers, Iranian social workers are faced with a considerable level of physical and mental stress, which can lead to burnout. A national study on 390 social workers was conducted. Among social workers, 10.9% had experienced burnout and 17.4% are at risk of developing burnout. Social workers scored higher in burnout if they were dissatisfied with their income, had experienced violence, or had lower self-esteem. Findings are discussed with regard to Iranian context and recommendations for authorities of Iranian state welfare organizations are made. | [
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https://openalex.org/W3109342574 | Experiences and challenges of Prostitute Women in Iran: A phenomenological qualitative study | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3109342574 | Prostitutes in Iran are faced with many challenges and problems that pose risks to their health.The present study is an attempt to identify and narrate the challenges and experiences of Iranian prostitutes based on a qualitative approach.This qualitative study was conducted with a phenomenological approach in (2018) in Tehran, Iran. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 22 prostitutes who were selected using a snowball sampling method and analyzed with Colaizzi's method. In order to examine the quality of findings, Guba and Lincoln's measures were used.Data analysis results were classified into five main categories and 14 subcategories. The main issues are: The experience of violence, Heath risk, social ostracism, objectifying, and lack of social and legal supporting structures.Prostitutes in Iran experience numerous problems at personal and social levels. By providing social, economic, and legal supports for them such as social services (e.g. educations on how to use contraceptives, how to have safe sexual intercourse, and free counseling services for mental support), we can improve their health and welfare. | [
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https://openalex.org/W1879534937 | Territorial analysis of social welfare in Iran | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1879534937 | The last few decades have seen increased theoretical and empirical interest in multi-dimensional measures of social welfare. The objective of this paper is to measure social welfare in Iranian provinces. To achieve this, we used a composite social welfare index (SWI) for Iran. The SWI was developed through the methodology of constructing composite indicators. The index comprises information on different social indicators from various life domains, including: health, education, economy, social security, housing, and employment. We then categorized Iranian provinces on the basis of SWI scores. The results show that value of the SWI was poor in provinces located in the periphery of the country. Furthermore, we found the best and worst performances in Yazd and Sistan and Balochestan, respectively. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W2095669764 | Hymen ‘restoration’ in cultures of oppression: how can physicians promote individual patient welfare without becoming complicit in the perpetuation of unjust social norms? | [
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Consider the role of the physician. Two of the doctors interviewed by Ahmadi reported being in ‘a perpetual state of guilt because of the surgery's inherent aim at deceiving the groom’ and noted their ‘personal conflict’ at being involved in this deception. Yet: None of the doctors believed that the surgery was unethical, arguing that the girl could be ‘abused’ and ‘can even die’ if she is discovered not … | [
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https://openalex.org/W2767018487 | Power structure among the actors of financial support to the poor to access health services: Social network analysis approach | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2767018487 | The extent of universal health coverage in terms of financial protection is worrisome in Iran. There are challenges in health policies to guarantee financial accessibility to health services, especially for poor people. Various institutions offer support to ensure that the poor have financial access to health services. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship network among the institutions active in this field. This study is a policy document analysis. It evaluates the country's legal documents in the field of financial support to the poor for healthcare after the Islamic Revolution in Iran. The researchers looked for the documents on the related websites and referred to the related organizations. The social network analysis approach was chosen for the analysis of the documents. Block-modelling and multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) was used to determine the network structures. The UCINET software was employed to analyse the data. Most the main actors of this network are chosen from the government budget. There is no legal communication and cooperation among some of the actors because of their improper position in the network. Seven blocks have been clustered by CONCOR in terms of the actor's degree of similarity. The social distance among the actors of the seven blocks is very short. Power distribution in the field of financial support to the poor has a fragmented structure; however, it is mainly run by a dominant block consisting of The Supreme Council of Welfare and Social Security, Health Insurance Organization, and the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. The financial support for the poor network involves multiple actors. This variety has created a series of confusions in terms of the type, level, and scope of responsibilities among the actors. The weak presence legislative and regulatory institutions and also non-governmental institutions are the main weak points of this network. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2415011620 | Practical Application of Current Knowledge Concerning Human Chromosomes | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2415011620 | Prostitutes in Iran are faced with many challenges and problems that pose risks to their health.The present study is an attempt to identify and narrate the challenges and experiences of Iranian prostitutes based on a qualitative approach.This qualitative study was conducted with a phenomenological approach in (2018) in Tehran, Iran. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 22 prostitutes who were selected using a snowball sampling method and analyzed with Colaizzi's method. In order to examine the quality of findings, Guba and Lincoln's measures were used.Data analysis results were classified into five main categories and 14 subcategories. The main issues are: The experience of violence, Heath risk, social ostracism, objectifying, and lack of social and legal supporting structures.Prostitutes in Iran experience numerous problems at personal and social levels. By providing social, economic, and legal supports for them such as social services (e.g. educations on how to use contraceptives, how to have safe sexual intercourse, and free counseling services for mental support), we can improve their health and welfare. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2344461098 | Enhancing community based health programs in Iran: a multi-objective location-allocation model | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2344461098 | Community Based Organizations (CBOs) are important health system stakeholders with the mission of addressing the social and economic needs of individuals and groups in a defined geographic area, usually no larger than a county. The access and success efforts of CBOs vary, depending on the integration between health care providers and CBOs but also in relation to the community participation level. To achieve widespread results, it is important to carefully design an efficient network which can serve as a bridge between the community and the health care system. This study addresses this challenge through a location-allocation model that deals with the hierarchical nature of the system explicitly. To reflect social welfare concerns of equity, local accessibility, and efficiency, we develop the model in a multi-objective framework, capturing the ambiguity in the decision makers’ aspiration levels through a fuzzy goal programming approach. This study reports the findings for the real case of Shiraz city, Fars province, Iran, obtained by a thorough analysis of the results. | [
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https://openalex.org/W1695318156 | How Do Family Caregivers of Older People Give Up Caregiving? | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1695318156 | Population aging has social, economic and political consequences. Most family caregivers prefer to care for their family member older person with chronic disease at home. Despite traditional culture within Iranian families, in some cases, hospitalization of the elderly in nursing home is inevitable, and this affects the old person and his/her family. The aim of this study was to explain how Iranian family cargivers give up caring their older person with chronic condition at home.A grounded theory approach was used to conduct the study. The study setting included four nursing homes under the auspices of Iran Welfare Organization. Fourteen participants were recruited through purposive sampling. Data were collected from December 2010 to March 2011 by Semi-structured interviews lasting about 17 to 95 minutes (average 52 minutes). Constant comparative analysis was used to analyze the data.Three main categories appeared at the end of the analysis: "going out of the road of usual life", "challenge of meeting older person, family and caregivers care needs", and "the appearance of inconstancy in the family". They explained exclusively how family caregivers of old people give up caregiving.Health care providers are recommended to become familiar with challenges of family caregivers in taking care of older person with chronic disease at home, and then organize their supportive and consulting actions according to family situations in order to improve the life quality of older person and family caregivers. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4214651664 | A review study of the providing elderly care services in different countries | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4214651664 | Population aging leads to change of population structure and increase care needs. Lack of proper planning in this field will lead to occur increasing problems. In this paper, the review of the elderly care plans at various levels in some European and Asian countries, comparing these countries with Iran with the goal of using their experiences to enhance elderly plans have been done.This research was a review study of library documents and resources and systematic search. Data were collected using the resources, databases, scientific databases and websites of the Ministry of Health and Welfare of the studied countries.Based on this research in the studied countries, the care services of the elderly is based on the important principle of coordination between different organs of the country, followed by the creation of LTC insurance and provision of health and social services for the elderly and mainly the type of home care. In Iran country, providing appropriate services and cares for the elderly with existing plans and policies is not possible and the need to provide appropriate service packages based on the different systems of successful countries and applying the experiences of these countries is essential.Given the current status of the Iranian elderly population in terms of policies and plans and the types and methods of providing services, quality, access and financial resources allocated to this age group, compared to the studied countries, there is a well and integrated plan is essential. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2083854956 | Gorbachev's reorganization and the Gorkom | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2083854956 | Nowadays, monitoring and evaluation of social welfare are of profound import in many countries. This study sought to shed some light on the impact of industrial development on the Iranian social welfare. The Iranian Social Welfare Composite Index (SWCI) and Sen Welfare index (SEN) considered as proxies of Iranian social welfare. To gauge the impact of industrialization on social welfare, Autoregressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) bound testing was utilized. The econometric models estimated using annual data from 1967 to 2015 and presented in terms of long-run and short-run dynamic relationships. The results indicate that industrial development had a significant impact on the Iranian social welfare and this impact has been stronger in the long run. In addition, oil revenues, inflation, unemployment and the Iraq-Iran War have had a significant impact on the Iranian social welfare during the period under review. Despite the contradictory impact of industrialization on the various dimensions of welfare, the results show that the industrial development has had a positive impact on the social welfare in Iran. So, the government can boost the effects of industrialization on social welfare by controlling its negative effects. | [
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https://openalex.org/W1484900893 | The transformation of the Swedish welfare system : fact or fiction? ; globalisation, institutions and welfare state change in a Social Democratic regime | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1484900893 | What happened to the once famous Swedish model? Since the economic crisis in the 1990s, prophecies of the imminent demise of the universal welfare state have been common. Cutbacks in social benefits and mass unemployment seem to confirm these prophecies.Ali Hajighasemi – a citizen of Sweden, with a Ph.D. from Durham University, UK, and a native of Iran – thinks differently. In this study he explores the role of social movements, demographic, economic and socio-cultural conditions, institutional change and globalisation in the transformation of the Swedish welfare state. Several programs were indeed recalibrated, and a policy of cost containment came to dominate social policy-making, independent of whether the government was center-left or center-right. Although the favourable conditions in the decades of World War II no longer obtain, the downsizing of the welfare programs has basically followed an egalitarian and universal logic. There are cracks in the wall, but the Nordic welfare states have thus far survived and have shown themselves more resilient than most other social organizations in crisis.Social scientists and politicians alike will find this book highly relevant for their work. | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W1841750191 | Export constraint and domestic fiscal reform: Lessons from 2011 subsidy reform in Iran | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1841750191 | This paper uses the 1987–2011 Household Budget Surveys from the Statistical Center of Iran consisting of 293,953 observations, coupled with the price data from the Central Bank of Iran, to estimate the structure of demand for goods and services in urban areas of Iran. The estimation procedure assumes a Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) introduced by Banks et al. (1997). It then uses the estimated demand system to study the implications of the removal of the massive subsidies on energy and basic foodstuff that were in place in Iran at the end of 2010. It examines the changes in the economy's consumption patterns, income distribution, private and social welfare, and the environment. The paper's key contribution is to recognize and study how the results of this domestic reform depended on international trade barriers faced by the country. It shows how a seemingly welfare improving policy in the absence of export restrictions turned out to be quite the opposite—at least for the current generations of Iranians. | [
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https://openalex.org/W210615051 | Doctor Shoja-ad-Din Sheikholeslamzadeh and his Achievements. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2982469301 | Suicide among Adult Psychiatric Inpatients: A Pilot Study in Iran | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2982469301 | Saeed Shoja Shafti*, Alireza Memarie, Masomeh Rezaie and Masomeh Hamidi Author Affiliations Professor of Psychiatry, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Razi Psychiatric Hospital,Tehran, Iran Received: August 21, 2019 | Published: August 27, 2019 Corresponding author: Saeed Shoja Shafti, Professor of Psychiatry, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Razi Psychiatric Hospital,Tehran, Iran DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2019.20.003523 | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2898901444 | This study aimed to analyse homeless women’s life experiences during pregnancy in shelters, drop-in centres and outreach services in Iran. In this qualitative study, thematic analysis was used to explore the experiences of 13 homeless women. The results showed that all participants were substance abusers, most commonly with methamphetamine. Consistent themes emerged from the data: (a) women’s understanding, feelings and actions regarding unplanned pregnancy, (b) violence in public places, (c) social rejection, (d) maintaining femininity through maternal roles within hegemonic masculinity, (e) social exclusion, and (f) addiction as an aggravation of homelessness. In conclusion, we encourage social welfare policy and policy makers to focus on street outreach. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2904897377 | Designing a pragmatic model for strategic purchasing of health services in health insurance companies | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2904897377 | Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the most important factors for strategic purchasing of health services in the health sector by the Iran Health Insurance Company and to provide an applicable model for other similar organizations in developing countries. Design/methodology/approach The present qualitative study was conducted in 2017 to identify the factors affecting the implementation of strategic purchasing of health services in the health sector by the Iran Health Insurance Company and to provide an indigenous and practical model through two phases: semi-structured interview followed by a Delphi process. Findings According to the findings of this study, Ministry of Welfare, Labor and Social Security plays a central role in the strategic purchasing. In addition, this was also approved by the representatives of citizens in communities concerning professional associations, insurance agencies and representative of the Council of Ministers. Model development explored 9 themes and 54 sub-themes. Research limitations/implications Based on the model, most attention has been paid to consumer role and inter-sector leadership of the company with other relevant organizations and systems including other insurance organizations and the welfare ministry. More importantly, the health insurance company should be able to communicate with providers and to choose the best providers, receiving price information through competition in the most appropriate mechanism. Guided by this model, it can strategically buy the best and the most effective services for its insured population. Social implications It might help developing societies to promote their health systems based on targeting the health budgeting and financial constraints so that it is prioritized according to the strategic purchasing criteria and consequently, economic evaluation. Originality/value The linchpins of the present study are as follow: first, the pragmatic model presented in the paper could help developing health systems to overcome the impediment in the implementation progress of strategic purchasing. Second, the model satisfies the need of enough knowledge to apply strategic purchasing in the health system. Third, the indigents have long been given special protection and consideration in the model that has continued to capture the attention of every policy-maker, in particular, developing countries, the portion of which is significant. Fourth, based on this model, attention has been paid to consumer role and inter-sector leadership of organization with other relevant organizations and systems. Fifth, this model could be correspondent for every insurance company in countries with similar developing conditions. | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210231938",
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https://openalex.org/W2971573724 | Evaluation of the effect of R&D subsidies on Iranian firms’ innovative behavior | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2971573724 | Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of government intervention on a firm's innovation activities. Design/methodology/approach On the basis of previous literature, this paper proposes a framework to explain behavioral changes in the firm resulting from government interventions. Using propensity score matching technique, this research tries to estimate the effect of R&D subsidies on Iranian firms (small and medium-sized enterprises and large-sized firms). Findings This paper identified that R&D subsidies have a significant effect on the innovation process. Furthermore, investigations indicate that behavioral variables (innovation capabilities, collaboration agreements and risk-taking) have been partly changed in both SMEs and large firms after subsidizing. The analysis of innovation outputs showed that although R&D subsidies significantly increase the number of new products/services or patents (especially for SMEs), it could not increase the total sale of the firms. These results show that the effect of R&D subsidies has not interestingly covered all variables influencing innovation activities. Research limitations/implications The work used dynamic capability theory, transaction cost theory and behavioral theory of the firm to explain behavioral changes in the firm resulting from government interventions. Practical implications This paper proposes several policy concerns which can help the policymakers to stimulate the innovation support procedures in Iran. Social implications This paper provides insights for improved policymaking which in turn can aid boosting social welfare. Originality/value This paper re-conceptualized behavioral additionality based on firms’ behavioral theories and evaluated the effects of Iranian R&D subsidies on their measures. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2265611703 | The existing situation and challenges facing acceptance and care of children in substitute families | [
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"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2265611703 | In different cultures across the world, families without or wishing to have more children proceed to adopt or foster them from other families or from children who have no known families. Adoption and foster care have been considered as effective means of confronting negative effects of infertility. Adoption and foster care have positive roles in giving the children the right guidance and help the progress of de-institutionalization and making the proper growth condition for children in family. Major kinds of child training in most countries and in Iran are adoption and foster care. After revolution, responsibilities related to adoption have been given to social welfare organization and by prohibition of adoption by foreign nationals, Iranian families had a better chance for child adoption. Answering to the needs of applicant families and children during different stages of decision-making, adoption and child train, need scientific programming, development of legal and executive structures. More familiarity with characteristics and existing challenges of child adoption, prepare programming for change and improvement of the present situation. Reviewing the present situation and using the local and international experience of government monitor and control, improving standards of services, close correlation between infertility treatment centers and child adoption centers and developing consultation services to families before and after adoption are some steps which seem necessary. Specialization in consultation delivery and caring about basic belief are other necessary aspects in proper programming. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2588727380 | Social Policy and State Capacity in Iran: Health and Education Policy from 1981-2009 | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2588727380 | The fact that states operate under different structures and capacities in order to provide welfare and social justice for their citizens has been the subject of various studies. Since the capacity of states differs at various times and in different situations, their capabilities for welfare provision vary as well. The present paper draws upon the state-centered framework, applying quantitative methods and secondary data to study the relationship between state capacity and two aspects of social policy, education and health in Iran from 1981 to 2009. The findings reveal that there is no statistically significant relationship between state capacity and education policy with respect to social expenditure from 1981 to 2009. Yet, there is a statistically significant relationship between state capacity and health policy. Considering the structure of political economy in Iran, results of this research reveal that different aspects of social policy have not been evenly influenced by the capacity of the state. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2090061954 | The impact of self-targeted subsidies on social welfare in Iran | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2090061954 | bEconomics in the field of Management / Economics of Enterprises, Tehran, Iran c M.Sc. In Management C H R O N I C L E A B S T R A C T | [
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https://openalex.org/W2487990802 | Evaluation of Social Cost of Monopoly in Iranian Industries: Leibenstein Approach | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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] | [
"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2487990802 | The main objective of this research is to evaluate the social costs of monopoly in Iranian concentrated industries during 1996-2006. Leibenstein approach has been employed to evaluate the social costs. Leibenstein believed that most monopolistic industries operate inefficiently because of being in the safe margin. Hence, he proposed that the costs of inefficiency be added to the welfare triangle. Results show that of tobacco products, recycling, mnufacture of medical, precision and optical instruments, watches and clocks, manufacture of coke, refined petroleum products and nuclear fuel, manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment have imposed the most social cost on the society due to their inefficiency and deadweight loss of the welfare triangle. The social cost that these industries imposed on the society is equal to 100.47, 54.701, 41.039, 39.509 and 31.241 percent of the sales, respectively. In other words, a social cost of 24.01 percent of the sales is imposed on consumers in Iran by the concentrated industries. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2407270594 | Social Welfare and Transformative Practice | [
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"display_name": "Pedagogy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19417346"
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"Iran",
"Israel"
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"https://openalex.org/W599198822",
"https://openalex.org/W1599373746",
"https://openalex.org/W1985994653",
"https://openalex.org/W2105717288"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2407270594 | The challenges of the twenty-first century are still shrouded in the lingering legacy of its immediate predecessor. From Afghanistan to Zimbabwe, Karanchi to Ukraine, and Iran to Israel we find the footprints of a monstrous reality that causes mayhem, terror, and uncertainty. The rumors of a post-American world may well be true, but the future of history is still a conjectural exercise. | [
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"type": "ebook platform"
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|
https://openalex.org/W1577679951 | Gasoline Demand, Pricing Policy and Social Welfare in Iran | [
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"display_name": "Majid Ahmadian",
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{
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"display_name": "Lester C. Hunt",
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{
"display_name": "Thermodynamics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C97355855"
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] | [
"Iran"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W423147971",
"https://openalex.org/W1980186424",
"https://openalex.org/W2018834143",
"https://openalex.org/W2048936585",
"https://openalex.org/W2094381320"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1577679951 | This study estimates a gasoline demand function for Iran using the structural time series model over the period 1968-2002 and uses it to estimate the change in social welfare for 2003 and 2004 of a higher gasoline price policy. It is found that short and long run demand price elasticities are inelastic, although the response is greater in the long run. Hence, social welfare is estimated to fall because of the higher gasoline price (ceteris paribus). However, allowing all variables in the model to change, social welfare is estimated to increase since the changes in the other variables more than compensate for the negative effects of the policy. | [
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2935956090 | Future Study of Iran's Elderly Sports Using Cross-Impact Matrix | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "sara jorkesh",
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{
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{
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"display_name": "Rasool Nazari",
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"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2935956090 | Introdution An increase in the population of elderly people in Iran in the future is an inevitable and significant process that should be examined from a variety of dimensions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the future study of Iran's elderly sports using cross-impact matrix.
 Methods: In this research cross impact analysis approach has been used as one of the future study methods. Initial variables of research was gathered using half-interviews with participants scholars and specialists in sport sciences, psychologists, social workers, sociologists, nurses, the managers of sanity offices, the Welfare Organization and the social council of municipality. Data validation criteria recommended by Lincoln & Guba was confirmed and then analyzed using Micmac software.
 Results: Results from using cross impact analysis approach suggested that the six key factors, namely, attention to the elderly, the creation of special organs for the elderly, the allocation of funds, the modeling of other countries, the design of long-term programs and the establishment of process-oriented strategies werethe most important factors for the future of elderly sports in Iran that should be considered in planning.
 Conclusion: The researcher has tried to analyze Iran's futur study of elderly sports. The results and findings of the research process and the proposed strategic recommendations can provide an appropriate setting for policymaking and designing strategies and policies for strategic managers in the elderly sports sector.
 | [
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"display_name": "Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2736699307",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2121737767 | INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS AND SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT CASE STUDY: METROPOLIS OF MASHHAD IN NORTHEASTERN OF IRAN | [
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mostafa Taleshi",
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"Iran"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W1547768030"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2121737767 | One of the fundamental social and economic characteristics of the southern countries is the lack of development of spatial planning system whose symptom is the irregular expansion of urban settlements. Due to the ecological traits and national policy-making manner, this expansion has caused the centralization of regional metropolises in these countries. In the geographical spaces of Iran, specially in the east, metropolis of Mashhad has proven to have these characteristics. The centralization of economical and service facilities and welfare prosperity, the increase of immigrants and the lack of economical power of rural immigrants has caused informal settlement. It creates environmental issues and social economic problems such as drug addiction, the spread of the center of moral corruption and finally instability in the urban system. The basic question is how we can properly manage the stability of these urban neighboring spaces. The result of recent studies in the metropolis of Mashhad shows that the final answers are the participation of new urban immigrants in these unstable parishes and the organization of the urban self-sufficient units as self-regulating municipalities with financial, service and developmental supports of governmental systems for a short period, as long as these management units can get autonomy. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2887863996 | The Relation of Social Happiness and Adjustment with Vandalistic Behaviour of the Children and Young Adults in the Families under Supervision of Welfare Office | [
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"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2887863996 | Introduction: Vandalism is a new social phenomenon known as a type of sick morale and tendency to destroy intentionally and knowingly, the public properties and installations. Aim: This study was conducted to examine the relation of social happiness and adjustment with vandalistic behaviours of the children and young adults in the families under the supervision of welfare office. Materials and Methods: A descriptive and correlative study was done on 150 children and young adults of the families under the supervision of welfare office in Bandar Lengeh city, Iran. They were selected by census method. The data were collected by vandalistic behaviours questionnaire. Oxford happiness questionnaire, and Bell adjustment inventory. Then, the data were analysed by Pearson statistic and regression tests. Results: The findings indicated that social happiness and the adjustment had a significant and inverse relation with vandalistic behaviours appearance (p-value<0.05). Also, the statistic regression test indicated that the variables: social adjustment (Beta=-0.268) and happiness (Beta=-0.397) predict vandalistic behaviours appearance. Conclusion: Social happiness and adjustment may decrease the vandalistic behaviours appearance in the young people. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2189136210 | Urban Density and Social Sustainable Development on Neighborhoods Case Study: Tabriz, Iran | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2189136210 | The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of increase in urban density on social sustainable development for neighbourhood of Maydan-e gotb (Gotb) and Golbad neighborhoods in the City of Tabriz, Iran. For this study, literature review was conducted and several studies were empirically tested. The results demonstrate although there is a close association between increased urban density and neighborhood social sustainable development, but it is important to pay attention to social sustainable development indexes, especially for neighborhoods. The survey measured the residents’ attitudes towards social sustainability indicators such as accessibility, urban park(s), green area(s), welfare services, safety and security, satisfaction, and urban transportation. Developed questionnaire was completed by 233 respondents and analyzed the urban land use map.It was found out that social sustainable development differs for old neighborhoods (e.g., Gotb) in comparison to new ones (e.g., Golbad). In addition, many of the respondents were opposed to increased density. And, the concept of neighborhood satisfaction is based on balancing sustainable development indicators. From the results obtained in this study, one may conclude increased urban density associated in regard to social sustainable development may lead to increased residents’ satisfaction. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2122909784 | Role of social workers to support single mothers: A case study of welfare receivers in Iran | [
{
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"display_name": "Mohammad Reza Iravani",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
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"display_name": "Developmental psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138496976"
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] | [
"Iran"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W2122909784"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2122909784 | Article history: Received June 5, 2011 Received in Revised form August, 3, 2011 Accepted 5 August 2011 Available online 6 August 2011 The women who lose their partners normally face tremendous challenges among their parents and in society. Women may lose their husbands for different reasons such as divorce, drug addiction, violence and migration. They may often look to build a new life very quickly but will find out that society does not treat them, properly. It is more difficult to find job and even a job opportunity does not provide sufficient pay. In this paper, we study the impact of different affecting parameters on empowering single mothers such as audacity, social responsibility, trouble shooting, flexibility, stress tolerance, etc. We choose 200 single mothers who receive welfare from the government of Iran and distribute a questionnaire among them based on four different questions associated with social, economical, feeling and empowering. The results indicate that audacity and social responsibility are the most important items while being optimistic, independent and flexibility are counted as having the least impact on empowering single mothers. © 2012 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved. | [
{
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1717348260 | The Straw that Could Break the Camel's Back: An Economic Analysis of Subsidies in the Iranian Economy | [
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"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1717348260 | Subsidies and welfare payments play a large role in the Iranian economy. The numbers that appear in the government budget under welfare or subsidy payments are only the tip of the iceberg. A considerable part of subsidies paid by the Iranian government are hidden and do not appear in the budget. The government provides to the populace a number of goods and services at prices below their cost or far below prices prevailing in international markets. All said, the Iranian economy is crisscrossed with a network of hidden and visible subsidies that threaten the long-term health of the economy that the President himself has referred to as sick.
To be sure, extending a social safety net to individuals and families who are economically vulnerable is a laudable act, and ranks high among the tasks of a modern government. Nevertheless, such undertakings have many economic implications. For a policy to be viable in the long run, all costs, apparent or hidden, and all tradeoffs should be considered. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the economic ramifications of Iran’s system of subsidies and President Khatami’s welfare proposal. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W3146704969 | The Straw that Could Break the Camel's Back: An Economic Analysis of Subsidies in the Iranian Economy | [
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"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3146704969 | Subsidies and welfare payments play a large role in the Iranian economy. The numbers that appear in the government budget under welfare or subsidy payments are only the tip of the iceberg. A considerable part of subsidies paid by the Iranian government are hidden and do not appear in the budget. The government provides to the populace a number of goods and services at prices below their cost or far below prices prevailing in international markets. All said, the Iranian economy is crisscrossed with a network of hidden and visible subsidies that threaten the long-term health of the economy that the President himself has referred to as sick. To be sure, extending a social safety net to individuals and families who are economically vulnerable is a laudable act, and ranks high among the tasks of a modern government. Nevertheless, such undertakings have many economic implications. For a policy to be viable in the long run, all costs, apparent or hidden, and all tradeoffs should be considered. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the economic ramifications of Iran’s system of subsidies and President Khatami’s welfare proposal. | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306520297",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2204615067 | Translation & Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory (SOFI) into Persian and Evaluation of its Face & Convergent Validity | [
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"display_name": "Marzieh Pashmdar Fard",
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"https://openalex.org/W2416142305",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2204615067 | 1. MSc in Ergonomics, Member of Student Research Committee, Department of Ergonomics, University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2. PhD in Physiotherapy, Assistant Professor of Department of Ergonomics, University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 3. PhD in Biostatistics Associated Professor of Department of, University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. *Corresponding author’s address: Department of ergonomics, University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. *Tel: 02122180119, *Email: Hrmokhtarinia@yahoo.com Translation & Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory (SOFI) into Persian and Evaluation of its Face & Convergent Validity | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W1028852619 | Welfare Impacts of Imposing a Tariff on Rice in Iran vs an Export Tax in Thailand: A Game Theoretic Approach | [
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"Iran"
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"https://openalex.org/W1575850033",
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"https://openalex.org/W2120599842",
"https://openalex.org/W2133974259"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1028852619 | In this study, the social welfare impacts of the interaction of Iranian rice import policies and Thai export policies are analyzed using a game theoretic approach in conjunction with econometric supply and demand models. The joint impacts of increasing the world price of rice, resulting from the export policies in Thailand along with changes in tariff rates in Iran, on social welfare are analyzed in the two countries. Because Iran is a small country in terms of the volume of world rice trade its policies do not influence Thai social welfare. Results of this study show that in order to maximize its own social welfare, the government should impose a modest tariff rate of approximately 3%. This is much less than the actual tariff rate applied in recent years, e.g. 19% in 2007. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4312332099 | Spatial Distribution of Urban Services from the Spatial Justice Perspective: Case Study of Tehran | [
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"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4312332099 | The realisation of spatial justice, guaranteeing the quality of life for all citizens and the prohibition of citizens’ exclusion are the fundamental principles of optimal urban management. Social seclusion is associated with social policies such as education, health, housing, employment, crime, welfare, poverty alleviation, etc. The spatial problems in Tehran are due to the political organising and political management of space in Iran on a micro and macro scale during the last hundred years. Tehran as the major metropolis of Iran has a special significance in the Iranian urban system; but in terms of spatial justice, the distribution of urban services across its districts is considered heterogeneous. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the status of “Spatial Justice of Tehran” in terms of urban services and examine the level of difference between districts. Mixed method is used in this research. The results show that the distribution of urban services is not just in 22 districts of Tehran. According to the findings, district 1 has the highest level of services and districts 17 and 9 have the lowest levels of services. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W2188043676 | Roles and Responsibilities of Local Governments (Councils) in Iran: Analytical Underpinnings | [
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] | [
"Iran"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W582858825",
"https://openalex.org/W642643033",
"https://openalex.org/W1536565679",
"https://openalex.org/W1589579871",
"https://openalex.org/W2153535053"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2188043676 | This article explores the functions and structure of Iran local councils. Local councils are elected by public vote to 4-year terms in all cities and villages of Iran. According to principle 7 in Iran's Constitution law, these local councils together with the Parliament are decision-making and administrative organs of the State. This section of the constitution was not implemented until 1999 when the first local council elections were held across the country. Councils have many different responsibilities including electing mayors, supervising the activities of municipalities; studying the social, cultural, educational, health, economic, and welfare requirements of their constituencies; planning and coordinating national participation in the implementation of social, economic, constructive, cultural, and educational and other welfare affair. In this article try to explain the structure and functions of Local councils in Iran. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1514675486 | An Examination of Experiences of Mothers of Children with Down Syndrome: A Two Country Comparison | [
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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"https://openalex.org/W1590689822",
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"https://openalex.org/W2003233317",
"https://openalex.org/W2026534548",
"https://openalex.org/W2054105208",
"https://openalex.org/W2062013874",
"https://openalex.org/W2132342844",
"https://openalex.org/W2135050066",
"https://openalex.org/W2261660661",
"https://openalex.org/W2319463364",
"https://openalex.org/W2517173347",
"https://openalex.org/W2783381269",
"https://openalex.org/W2811470729",
"https://openalex.org/W2938126071",
"https://openalex.org/W3214833809"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1514675486 | The focus of this study is the experiences of mothers of children with Down
syndrome (Ds) and the provision of social services for their children and their
families. Children with Ds have a range of physical and intellectual differences. This
study examined the living conditions and quality of life of children with Ds based on
mothers' perceptions about social services and their experiences of having a child
with Ds. A two-country comparison of the differences in the availability of resources
such as social services was made. The areas of health and education were selected as
primary social services.
The nature of the problem prompted a qualitative, interpretive approach to the
study through the use of case studies, interviews and survey methods to produce
practical solutions to the problem. The sample consisted of 68 mothers of children
with Ds, who experienced the difficulties of raising their children. Data were coded
by NUDIST to produce the headings: family, services, mothers' perceptions, and
satisfaction with services. Descriptive analysis indicated four main areas
determining the living conditions of children with Ds and their unmet needs.
The findings of the study revealed that there are major barriers preventing
children with Ds from achieving a normal life. These barriers included the negative
attitudes of health and education professionals; a lack of accurate information about
Down syndrome; inappropriate social services; the current practices of informing
mothers about their child's diagnosis; and difficulty in accessing information about
Down syndrome and social services. As a result, it is suggested that there is a need
for a new understanding about Ds, which requires re-education and up-to-date
information for health and education professionals, mothers, and society in general.
Clearly, the range and quality of social service programs offered by authorities in the
Ministries of Health and Education in both Australia and Iran need to be reviewed.
The conclusion drawn from the examination of experiences of mothers in Australia
and Iran indicated that contrary to the literature, mothers' emotional problems are
not natural feelings and could be prevented if professionals changed the traditional
way of pointing out the negatives, and instead, emphasise the potential and
possibilities of a child with Ds. The research generated a background report for the
Australian and Iranian Ministries of Health and Education with the intention of
contributing to an improved quality of life for children with Ds. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2276580755 | Valuing Welfare Per Capita in Iran Based on Elasticity of Marginal Utility of Consumption Parameter with Revealed Social Values and Behavioral Approaches | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ramin Shirdel",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hossein Sadeghi",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Abbas Assari Arani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5077812896"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ghahreman Abdoli",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5036513226"
}
] | [
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"display_name": "Per capita",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138551086"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C186027771"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C536738050"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C30772137"
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{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
},
{
"display_name": "Price elasticity of demand",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C51355593"
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{
"display_name": "Social discount rate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778428519"
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{
"display_name": "Microeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C175444787"
},
{
"display_name": "Cost–benefit analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127454912"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
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{
"display_name": "Social science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849"
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{
"display_name": "Materials science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C192562407"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Composite material",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159985019"
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{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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] | [
"Iran"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W28339760",
"https://openalex.org/W36088939",
"https://openalex.org/W1567481802",
"https://openalex.org/W1861946411",
"https://openalex.org/W1964821758",
"https://openalex.org/W2049163369",
"https://openalex.org/W2049501123",
"https://openalex.org/W2051042200",
"https://openalex.org/W2055898843",
"https://openalex.org/W2101494585",
"https://openalex.org/W2119878506",
"https://openalex.org/W2128468882"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2276580755 | Elasticity of marginal utility of consumption (EMUC) is one of the most important parameters in welfare economics. It is useful in calculating of marginal utility and social discount rate. In this paper, we introduced revealed social values approach and valuated EMUC with this approach and older approach (behavioral). Results showed that the rate was 1.92 that was larger than older valuation (1.56). It was revealed that in Iran, changes caused such rate to increase. Its effect was decreasing 5.23% per capita welfare in Iran. Also per capita welfare in 2011 was 6,225,482. | [
{
"display_name": "Arth prabandh: A Journal of Economics and Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764818530",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2748468704 | Especial care: The missing link of handling in the children with cerebral palsy: A letter to the editor | [
{
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"display_name": "Hamid Dalvand",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] | [
"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2748468704 | Especial care: The missing link of handling in the children with cerebral palsy: A letter to the editor
Hamid Dalvand*, Mehdi Rassafiani1, Seyed Ali Hosseini2
* Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
1. Associated Professor, Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2. Associated Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
Especial care is a particular and unique care of children with CP which is done in the areas of occupational performance by caregivers (mostly mothers). There is a mutual lack of knowledge both the mothers and therapists to special care. This means they not only do not have the necessary knowledge about the special care, but actually they do not have experience in this field. Special care was seen as a missing link of handling, causing hardship, stress and increases the burden of care in caregivers. It seems, through educational programs for parents and therapists, with conducting training workshops and practical acquaintance of caring for children with CP can enhance information and their experience on the special care. | [
{
"display_name": "Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764388555",
"type": "journal"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2766100152 | Evaluation the effectiveness of the substance abuse prevention programs among employees of Iran Ministry of Cooperatives Labour and Social Welfare | [
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] | [
"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2766100152 | Evaluation the effectiveness of the substance abuse prevention programs among employees of Iran Ministry of Cooperatives Labour and Social Welfare | [
{
"display_name": "فصلنامه پژوهش در سلامت روانشناختی",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210234356",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3138440657 | Investigating the Quality of Work Inspection Software of the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labour and Social Welfare in Iran Based on Kerman Data: A Descriptive Study | [
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"display_name": "Mohsen Rezaeian",
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] | [
"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3138440657 | Investigating the Quality of Work Inspection Software of the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labour and Social Welfare in Iran Based on Kerman Data: A Descriptive Study | [
{
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|
https://openalex.org/W2986444520 | Comparative Comparison of the Principle of Free Social Services of Citizens of England and Iran Based on the Obligation of Human Respect | [
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{
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{
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{
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"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2986444520 | Improving the quality of public service plays an important role in the welfare, the comfort and health of any society. The main goal of this research is to address the principles of free social services such as social and health care provision, respect for the privacy of individuals, personal and police security and the freedom to work and housing. This article addresses Iran and the other two countries, based on the legal rules and jurisprudential law, the necessity of human reverence and justice. In this regard, it has identified and defined the concepts and criteria of social services in both countries. The findings of this study show that in Iranian law, free public social services include educational services and partly social insurance, which is semi-free. In English law, Health care and health insurance are free and semi-free and for some special people they have been using it and provided the services free of charge. These services can be provided by the government and local institutions as well as by the private sector. The basic laws of both countries on the basic rights of public services for citizens and the duties of the government have an almost equal emphasis. But the recognition of these rights in the basic laws does not constitute the availability of these rights to all individuals in personal security and the prohibition of torture, the fact that it is recognized at any time whether there is torture or whether the rules are respected or not, should look at the output of governments. Please cite this article as: Rakhshan A, Abbasi M, Salimi AR, Hosseini SAR. Comparative Comparison of the Principle of Free Social Services of Citizens of England and Iran Based on the Obligation of Human Respect. Bioethics Journal , Special Issue on Human Rights and Citizenship Rights 2019; 7-23. | [
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https://openalex.org/W3115443845 | Challenges of Establishing an Islamic Welfare State: A Historical Overview of Welfare System Developments in Post-Revolution Iran | [
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"https://openalex.org/W2094516280",
"https://openalex.org/W2289218264",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3115443845 | This chapter attempts to provide a brief but holistic overview of social policy in the Post-Revolutionary Iran. It studies six distinct phases in the history of welfare state development in Iran in the past four decades. It then provides the reader with a ‘social policy map’ and describes some of major social policies in such policy domains as income maintenance, housing, health, and education, identifying various challenges in their implementation. Finally, the chapter focuses on the social policy outcomes in the post-Revolution era and concludes that various theoretical and practical challenges have impeded the establishment of the desired welfare system outlined in the Constitution, namely: lack of a coherent theoretical framework for an Islamic welfare system, mismatch between economic and social policies, unsustainable financing mechanism, politicization of social policy, poor welfare governance, and various national and international crises. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2803671329 | An Aristotelian Social Welfare Function | [
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"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2803671329 | This article proposes a new social welfare measure based on Aristotle’s theory of reciprocity. Unlike existing metrics of social welfare, the proposed Aristotelian social welfare function measures reciprocity in a society, that is, the degree to which members of a society cooperate to benefit each other. We provide numerical estimates of the welfare function using data from income distribution quintiles in the recent past for the U. S., Germany, Russia, Ukraine, and Iran. The numerical results show that, starting from different initial values, the U. S. and Germany have experienced declining social welfare, while Iran and Ukraine have experienced increasing social welfare. GDP per capita appears to be inversely correlated with social welfare in the U. S. and Germany. Europeans seem to enjoy higher social welfare than Americans. The article introduces its topic by advancing criticism that contemporary approaches to social welfare, such as the capabilities approaches, estimate a presumed welfare of individuals , rather than social welfare. | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S3978835",
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https://openalex.org/W2133388530 | Corrigendum to “Risk Factors of Suicidal Ideation and Attempt in Women with Drug User Spouse” [JCMA 76 (2013) 648–652] | [
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"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2133388530 | The authors regret that the affiliation of “Mahdi Azizabadi-Farahani” and “Hamid-Reza Khoddami-Vishteh” should be 'b' (University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation, Department of Social Welfare, Tehran, Iran) and not 'c' as it was in the original article. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. | [
{
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|
https://openalex.org/W2920360225 | Investigating the role of Electronic Banking Services in improving social welfare (Customers of Melli Bank of Iran in Ahwaz Metropolis) | [
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"display_name": "Hemmat Khodadadi HosseinVand",
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"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2920360225 | The development of IT and e-business has affected all industries and the emergence of e-commerce in banks has been more than all. Nowadays, banks are trying to increase satisfaction and trust customers by delivering Valuable and quality service, in order to increase their customer loyalty and, consequently, their willingness to re-purchase. Accordingly, in this research with an applied approach, we examine the role of e-banking in increasing social welfare. The statistical Society includes customers and users of the Melli Bank of Iran e-banking Services at Ahwaz metropolis. Due to the unlimited size of the statistical Society and using the Morgan table, a statistical sample Volume, 384 people were determined, needed information using an available sampling method and a standard questionnaire was collected. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire indicated the of questions and research variables are reliable. To analyze the data, method analysis of variance was done as partial squares or PLS, and Smart PLS3 software was used for this purpose. The results show that e-banking services at the Melli Bank of Iran have a positive and significant effect on increasing the social welfare of customers and users of these services. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W2947958531 | Comparison of Public Investment Approaches on Social Welfare Function: A Case Study of Iran | [
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"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2947958531 | The use of natural resource revenues for achievement of development has been a challenging issue for resource abundant countries. These challenges stem from the fact that incomes from natural resources are non-durable, unpredictable and uncertain. Different countries have pursued various approaches and tools for managing these revenues to avoid economic fluctuations. The international organizations and economic experts propose a diversification in the use of resource revenues through different approaches of public investment. Maximizing the social welfare function has become a common guideline for resource revenue management in resource-rich countries. This article investigates the effect of public investment approaches and their impacts on intergenerational social welfare function of Iran. To this end, the impact of two public investment approaches, namely Permanent Income Hypothesis (PIH) and Bird In Hand (BIH), was examined and compared on a certainty equivalent of social welfare function. Results of the simulation with Iran's economic data indicated substantial positive loss in welfare if switching to the BIH approach. Calculations show that the certainty equivalent of social welfare function for PIH and BIH is 786.3 and 444.3, respectively. PIH provides a higher welfare level for the Iranian economy. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4385510667 | Information Quality of the Emergency Medical Services 115 Report Form Among Traffic Injured in Iran Social Welfare Hospitals | [
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"display_name": "Mojtaba Shojaei",
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"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4385510667 | Pre-hospital Medical Services (EMS) in Iran, named "Emergency 115" was established by helping America to reduce and prevent many deaths and long term disabilities. Transferring people from incident sites to the hospitals is one duty of the emergency centers. The purpose of this paper is to describe current status of pre-hospital emergency operation in missions of 115 Emergency bases in Rasht city, Iran, in order to compare with global standards. This is a cross sectional descriptive-analytic study. Information of about 50% of Rasht city 115 emergency missions cases (5667 cases) in seven bases of them (include 6 urban bases and one road base) were collected by 115 urgency missions forms in a year (from August 21th 2007 till August 21th 2008). Missions of odd dates of every month in the study period were selected and the information was collected by a standard checklist of Ministry of health of Iran. Data were entered in SPSS software ver. 16 and Chi Square and T tests were used to define the meaningful differences (a = 0.05). 61.6% of contacts were male and mean age of them was 45.3 ± 21.9 years old. Among 5665 emergency missions, 5033 (92%) were interurban and type of missions were determined in 96.6% of them. Most places of missions were in residential environment (74.7%). Type of emergency cases was determined in 47.1% of missions which the maximum was loss of consciousness (20.8%). Response time in our study has been compared with standard time that it was significant relation between them (P value<0.001). In death cases, 65.8% were men and the most of them were in age group 61-70 (20.7%). This study suggests that time indexes of pre-hospital emergency in Rasht is lower than Tehran and Urmia and international standards. The short response time and transport time compared to other settings may indicate improvement in the pre-hospital services in the study area. It is very important to pay attention and care in measuring these times exactly and correctly to have a good surveillance system at the EMS. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W3194532444 | Assessing Quality of Services for the Elderly Residents in Nursing Homes of Tabriz, Iran in 2019 | [
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] | [
"https://openalex.org/W845152231",
"https://openalex.org/W1970546617",
"https://openalex.org/W2057836754",
"https://openalex.org/W2141449211",
"https://openalex.org/W2150573372"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3194532444 | Background: Environmental characteristics, as well as the quality of health care services provided to older adults group, are among significant determinants of elderly quality of life. The present study was done to assess the quality of services delivered to elderly residents in nursing homes located in Tabriz, Iran in 2019. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the elderly living in nursing homes in Tabriz, Iran, of whom 74 residents met the inclusion criteria and were included. The researchers referred to the nursing homes and recruited the participants with regard to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Out of the 74 older adults, 35 and 39 cases were respectively male and female. The largest age group (43.2%) was related to those between 60 and 69 years old. Also, 71.6% of the elderly had been residing in nursing homes for 6-20 months. The rate of service quality in terms of the medical, psychological, welfare, and social domains was 66%, 48%, 68%, and 65%, respectively. Besides, no significant relationship was observed between demographic variables and total scores of service quality (P>0.05). Conclusion: Paying attention to psychological services, including providing counseling and social work services, adapting the centers, and creating recreational departments can lead to an increase in psychological quality and ultimately, overall service quality. | [
{
"display_name": "Caspian journal of health research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210223087",
"type": "journal"
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{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2296849330 | Needs of family caregivers of the patients with Alzheimer disease: Analyzing of family caregivers experiences | [
{
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"display_name": "Farahnaz Mohammadi",
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"display_name": "Masoud Fallahi‐Khoshknab",
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences",
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],
"display_name": "hamid reza khanke",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039434449"
}
] | [
{
"display_name": "Nonprobability sampling",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C100363876"
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{
"display_name": "Family caregivers",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778900529"
},
{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509"
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{
"display_name": "Welfare",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477"
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{
"display_name": "Rehabilitation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778818304"
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{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
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{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Social Welfare",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C536738050"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Neuroscience",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C169760540"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
}
] | [
"Iran"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W1990388091",
"https://openalex.org/W1999228098",
"https://openalex.org/W2108039582",
"https://openalex.org/W2113537253",
"https://openalex.org/W2122320288",
"https://openalex.org/W2122328334",
"https://openalex.org/W2142225512",
"https://openalex.org/W2268732494",
"https://openalex.org/W2741409087",
"https://openalex.org/W3199672643"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2296849330 | Needs of family caregivers of the patients with Alzheimer disease: Analyzing of family caregivers experiences Mohammadi F 1 (PhD), Fallahi khoshknab M 2 (PhD), khanke H 3 (PhD) 1. Assistant Professor, Dept of Gerontology & Research Center on Aging, Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences University, Tehran, Iran. 2. Assistant Professor, Dept of Nursing, Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences University, Tehran, Iran. 3. Assistant Professor, Dept of Nursing, Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences University, Tehran, Iran. Abstract Background and aim With the increasing elder population, providing effective family care is turning be the most important challenge in health and welfare of elder people. The aim of this study was explore needs of family caregivers of the patients with Alzheimer disease by analyzing of family caregivers experiences Materials and methods This qualitative study was conducted by latent conventional content analysis. 35 family caregivers of elder patients with Alzheimer disease participated in the study. Participants were selected based on purposive sampling. Sources of information included documents of participant's diaries, about their problematic and complicated days of caring. Data were analyzed through reading and rereading documents, determining meaning units, extracting of codes and categorizing of them. Findings Most of participants (80%) were female, with mean age of 56/2 and literate (under diploma level). The findings generated 794 initial codes, which were grouped in 7 categories of: need knowledge, receiving help from other family members in caring, modification of the home environment, self caring of caregivers, need to be visible, compatible and complimentary health care system and caring equipments. Conclusion Regarding Global expansion of Alzheimer disease, considering the family care giving issue of elders with Alzheimer disease is essential. Therefore, providing suitable information, establishing education for caregivers related disease and patient care management, management of caregivers’ health, psych–social support and establishing of appropriate complimentary health care system for elderly patients should be considered. These strategies would facilitate the family care giving and support the caregivers on their journey. Keywords: Elderly, Alzheimer, Need, Family caregiver * Corresponding Author: Farahnaz Mohammadi, Assistant Professor at Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences University, Department of gerontology & Research center on Aging . E-mail: f.mohammadi@uswr.ac.ir | [
{
"display_name": "Advances in Nursing & Midwifery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764344799",
"type": "journal"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2520851140 | Home Visit Services Provided for Elderly Dwellers in Isfahan Province: A Cross-Sectional Study | [
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Isfahan University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I114982161",
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"display_name": "Zamane Vafaei",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052441998"
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"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Isfahan University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I114982161",
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"display_name": "Zahra Sadooghi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5015704943"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Isfahan University of Technology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I170013655",
"lat": 32.720325,
"long": 51.524773,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Mokhtari Hamid Reza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5086315188"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Islamic Azad University, Isfahan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2799282979",
"lat": 32.65246,
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],
"display_name": "Nasrin Mokhtari",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017312647"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Isfahan University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I114982161",
"lat": 32.65246,
"long": 51.67462,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Mani Mina",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074543545"
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] | [
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"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Descriptive statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39896193"
},
{
"display_name": "Cross-sectional study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
},
{
"display_name": "Social Welfare",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C536738050"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509"
},
{
"display_name": "Welfare",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477"
},
{
"display_name": "Service (business)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780378061"
},
{
"display_name": "Quality of life (healthcare)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779951463"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698"
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{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
}
] | [
"Iran"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W194409282",
"https://openalex.org/W1968828736",
"https://openalex.org/W1971250413",
"https://openalex.org/W1983822046",
"https://openalex.org/W2052976517",
"https://openalex.org/W2085888747",
"https://openalex.org/W2129058019",
"https://openalex.org/W2129554838",
"https://openalex.org/W2140993130",
"https://openalex.org/W2149340389",
"https://openalex.org/W2161592200",
"https://openalex.org/W2329559563",
"https://openalex.org/W2413179409"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2520851140 | Article history Received 29 Feb 2015 Accepted 30 Apr 2015 Introduction: As the elderly population increases, chronic diseases and disabilities also become more prevalent. Home care programs as hospital services supplement, not only can prevent elderly from get worse in their disabilities but also make it easier for governments to manage elderly people's needs; therefore, we aimed to determine the home visit services provided for elderly residing in Isfahan province, Iran. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 elderly persons aged 60 years and above who were randomly selected from the list of the aged people which took services from seven home visit service centers. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: Mean± standard deviation age of the participants was 76±8.8 years and about 70% were illiterate. Only about 56% of included participants were able to care themselves. A large number (56.3%) of participants' income source was personal and 5.7% were did not have any insurance at all. The costs of 93.5% of services were provided by the Welfare Organization. The services provided at these centers include general physician visits, nursing cares, physiotherapy and occupational therapy services, psychologist and social worker visits. Conclusion: As the home visit services might be effective for providing health care for the aged people and increasing their quality of life, policymaking to spread these services seems to be crucial especially for Iran. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2613717133 | Evaluating the effect of macroeconomic variables on the welfare changes in Iran | [
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "University of Sistan and Baluchestan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I180634299",
"lat": 29.4963,
"long": 60.8629,
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],
"display_name": "Mohammad Nabi Shahiki Tash",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5004310347"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "University of Isfahan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I39268498",
"lat": 32.65246,
"long": 51.67462,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Saber Molaei",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5047046568"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "University of Sistan and Baluchestan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I180634299",
"lat": 29.4963,
"long": 60.8629,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Kamran Barghandan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5014377243"
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] | [
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Pareto principle",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137635306"
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{
"display_name": "Welfare",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477"
},
{
"display_name": "Social welfare function",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779629923"
},
{
"display_name": "Social Welfare",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C536738050"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
},
{
"display_name": "Unemployment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778126366"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C21547014"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
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] | [
"Iran"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W1588714876",
"https://openalex.org/W1965547730",
"https://openalex.org/W1970162248",
"https://openalex.org/W1975503357",
"https://openalex.org/W1979954303",
"https://openalex.org/W2010445176",
"https://openalex.org/W2017793371",
"https://openalex.org/W2019790506",
"https://openalex.org/W2029336792",
"https://openalex.org/W2055912157",
"https://openalex.org/W2084124948",
"https://openalex.org/W2155816505"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2613717133 | Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the level of cardinal welfare based on Sen’s index using both Pareto and non-Pareto states besides evaluating the effective factors on the welfare changes according to a fuzzy least-squares regression model. Design/methodology/approach The social welfare functions express the optimal social allocations in the public economics. Therefore, they can be applied as a tool to represent the difference of utility allocations among consumers. There are various criteria on the literature pertaining to the social welfare functions such as those of Dasgupta et al. (1970), Sheshinski (1972), Sen (1974), Yitzhaki (1979), Shorrocks (1983), Kakwani (1984), Dagum (1990, 1993), Mukhopadhaya (2003), and Mukhopadhaya and Rao (2001). The Sen’s welfare function because of strong theoretical basis and enjoying the welfare axioms is more celebrated among others so that it is a function of individual utilities resulting from the individual’s social positions. Findings The findings indicate that the welfare level has increased by about 4.8 percent during the period 2002-2007; by nearly 3.1 percent during 1997-2001 and mature to 2.7 percent from 1992 to 1996 such that the period 1997-2007 has had the highest level of social welfare improvement in Iran. The results obtained from the fuzzy regression show that the unemployment rate, inflation rate and Gini coefficient variables have an adverse relation with the cardinal welfare in both Pareto and non-Pareto cases, while the literacy rate and government expenditures have a positive relation with the welfare index. The findings also imply that there is a positive relationship between economic growth and welfare level in Iran. Originality/value I verify that this manuscript is an original study. | [
{
"display_name": "International Journal of Social Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S49131624",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3096168993 | Social security insurance model in Iran with a sustainable development approach: A comparative study of selected countries, Iran, Turkey and Denmark | [
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Qaemshahr Islamic Azad University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210138903",
"lat": 36.465687,
"long": 52.86108,
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"display_name": "Mohammad Biglary Taleghani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5016275346"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Qaemshahr Islamic Azad University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210138903",
"lat": 36.465687,
"long": 52.86108,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Mohammad Reza Bagherzadeh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059454251"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Qaemshahr Islamic Azad University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210138903",
"lat": 36.465687,
"long": 52.86108,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Asadollah Mehrara",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5024412214"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Qaemshahr Islamic Azad University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210138903",
"lat": 36.465687,
"long": 52.86108,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Y. Gholipour-Kanani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5056897483"
}
] | [
{
"display_name": "Social security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777111884"
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{
"display_name": "Sustainable development",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C552854447"
},
{
"display_name": "Empowerment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C20555606"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Social Welfare",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C536738050"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Quality (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779530757"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Epistemology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
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] | [
"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3096168993 | The social security system in any country is a mirror of the development and the level of welfare of that society, and sustainable development in any country has a direct relationship with the quantity and quality of social security services. Given the initial establishment of the social security system in almost all countries, as well as Iran, the main challenge in this area can be considered the development of quality, quantity and services in a way that is able to meet the needs of society. (Khaleghparast, Rasekh, Naimi, 2017). Therefore, this study intends to identify the gaps between the current situation and the desired situation, by presenting applications in the form of a proposed model, to design the desired social security system according to the characteristics and conditions prevailing in society and its final destination to determine the development process of the country. This study is a descriptive-comparative study and has been done in several stages. The findings indicate that there is a significant gap between the management, governance and establishment of the social security system in Iran and the sample countries, especially Denmark. In countries that have succeeded in establishing the social security system, they have paid special attention to the three indicators of development and empowerment (risk management and realization of prevention levels), macro-planning and how to provide services, and by recreating the position of government in the security system, as well as following the recommendations and patterns of communication by international organizations and institutions, which are always considered as policy theories, the reference of policy makers in this field, have achieved good success in creating social welfare and public satisfaction. In this regard, according to the information obtained, it seems that the Social Security Organization, in following the patterns, models and global systems in the field of social security, should undertake serious reforms in the field of macro planning, development and improvement of employees, as well as improving and developing service delivery, take effective steps towards achieving sustainable development of the country. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2555552577 | A Review of Wagner's Law by Using Total Government Expenditures and Its Subsets (1960-2006) | [
{
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"display_name": "Sajedeh Akbari Nouri",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C159009313"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
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{
"display_name": "Welfare state",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C129603779"
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{
"display_name": "Public expenditure",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777234743"
},
{
"display_name": "Government expenditure",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2992690401"
},
{
"display_name": "Social security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777111884"
},
{
"display_name": "Public spending",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2994282536"
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{
"display_name": "Public economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284"
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{
"display_name": "Order (exchange)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322"
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{
"display_name": "Social Welfare",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C536738050"
},
{
"display_name": "Welfare",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477"
},
{
"display_name": "Public finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178283979"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2555552577 | Over time and by elaboration of different theories and models in regard to government expenditures and economic growth, Wagner’s law is considered one of the first methods of explaining public sector. In this study, reliability of Wagner’s theory has been examined in Iran in the period of 1960-2006 by using annual data on the components of government expenditure through autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. The obtained results indicate that there is only a long-term relationship between security and public order spending, public spending, municipal spending, and spending on education and spending on social welfare, and national income. Wagner’s theory states that the elasticity of government expenditures should be greater than one in proportion to its income; while, this requirement only exists for the municipal spending and spending on social welfare, and Wagner’s law is confirmed for these two components of state expenditures. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1654017249 | The Effects of the Structural Variables of the Iranian Industries on the Social Cost: The SCP Approach | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1654017249 | This paper studies the effects of the structural variables of the Iranian industries sector on the welfare cost using to the Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) theory. In other words, we investigate the role of structural components and their effects on the size of the welfare cost in Iran's industry sector. We have used the Leibenstein's model to calculate the deadweight loss and then the panel data model has been used to quantify the model. Leibenstein believed that in many cases the monopolistic industries operate inefficiently due to being on the margin of safety. So in addition to the welfare triangle, the costs of the inefficiency of monopolistic industries should be also considered as the welfare cost. Our results demonstrate that there is a direct relationship between the welfare cost and all of the parameters of the model (barriers to entry, market concentration, economies of scale, state ownership share and firm size). | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2257637144 | Identification and Prioritizing Factors Influencing Bank Selection: A Case Study of Retail Banking in Tehran | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2257637144 | In this paper, we aim at identifying and prioritizing the factors and sub-factors that influence bank selection in retail banking of Iran. To do this, a questionnaire of 33 questions is designed based on literature review and is given to customers where 400-filled questionnaires are gathered. Data is analyzed by use of exploratory factor analysis in order to identify factors and sub-factors through the questionnaire, use of confirmatory factor analysis in order to prioritize identified factors, and use of Friedman test in order to prioritize identified sub-factors. We identified three factors; welfare, economical, and social. In addition, numbers of sub-factors are identified; 10 sub-factors for welfare factor, 8 sub-factors for economical factor, and 8 sub-factors for social factor. The most important sub-factors for welfare, economical, and social factor are Bank branches locations, deposit interest rate, and bank goodwill respectively. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W2227303423 | EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND COEFFICIENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE UNDER THE BAYESIAN APPROACH IN IRAN | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2227303423 | The main objective of this paper is to examine the impact of economic growth on coefficient of cardinal welfare in Iran's economy. Hence, we employ the Bayesian approach and the estimation of forward and backward density functions in order to measure the effect of economic growth spillovers on the social welfare. The paper has applied the Gibbs sampling algorithm which is a rigorous tool for forward simulation so as the results rising from this simulation indicate that there is a positive relationship between economic growth and welfare variables in Iran. It means that the flow of economic growth has had a positive impact on the rise of welfare in the country, such that the average of Bayesian coefficient is near to 0.17 per cent for the change of welfare during the period 1985- 2011. Accordingly, it is recommended that: 1- the policy makers should follow the growth-based strategies 2- the respective officials should identify the effective variables on growth in order to increase growth rate for the economy and eventually, 3- design more efficient institutions for the poor so as they enjoy greater gaining from the growth. | [] |