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407c6552-4139-4426-8b6d-4be7e666c733 | A material that speeds up a chemical reaction without chemically becoming involved is called: | A solvent | A base | A catalyst | Thermoplastic | 2c
| multi | null | Biochemistry | null |
f37b26c3-1be2-4ebd-8a21-a44172a0b092 | Which of the following is not associated with gingival Lesions? | Herpes | Recurrent apthae | Pemphigus | Pyugenic granuloma | 1b
| single | null | Pathology | null |
7297376f-a521-40a8-8402-2958f583c745 | Exclusive breast feeding may be associated with all of the following except – | Hemolysis due to Vit–K deficiency | Evening colic | Golden colour stool | Prolongation of physiological jaundice | 1b
| multi | Breast feeding protects against evening colic.
Evening colic may be seen as a manifestation of allergy to cow's milk, but not with breast milk.
Haemorrhage due to vit K deficiency may be seen. Breast milk contains very little Vit K - Dutta 4th/e p. 515 Hypoprothrombinemia, may therefore occur along with defeciency of other vit K dependent coagulation factors. (VII, IX, X). This predisposes to haemorrhagic disease in new horns.
There is strong association between exclusive breast feeding and neonatal jaundice. It is presumed to be due to inhibitory substance in the breast milk, that intefere with bilirubin conjugation e.g. pregananediol and free fatty acids.
Golden colour stool may be seen. | Pediatrics | null |
064dbb22-b1c7-4606-b620-4848e139c57a | A 60 years old man presents to the emergency depament with history of A, in unconscious state and gains consciousness in between but again becomes unconscious. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: | Lucid Interval | Extradural hematoma | Subdural hematoma | None | 0a
| multi | Answer-A. Lucid intervalThis is a period occurring in insanity, during which all the symptoms of insanity disappear completelyThe individual is able to judge his acts soundly, and he becomes legally liable for his actsLucid interval is seen in mania, melanocholia and Extradural hemorrhage. | Surgery | null |
b71747a9-b89b-45b2-a54f-04765341177b | Which of the following anticholinergic agent does not cross the blood brain barrier? | Glycopyrrolate | Atropine | Hyoscine butylbromide | Hyoscine hydrobromide | 3d
| single | Answer- D. Hyoscine hydrobromideGlycopyrrolate is a synthetic quaternary anticholinergic, which doesn't cross the blood brain barrier and completely lacks central effects. | Pharmacology | null |
112a964e-4163-4b9f-a26a-f482e0f9d827 | Dinesh, a 24-year-old male, complains of loose teeth
in a single quadrant. His radiograph shows irregular bone loss and histopathology reveals eosinophils and histiocytes. The most probable diagnosis is: | Hand-Schuller-Christian disease | Paget's disease | Osteoclastoma | Albright's syndrome | 0a
| single | null | Pathology | null |
ee31cc18-91fd-4582-a3e8-5311e85521b3 | Perception of taste even in absence of stimuli is known as | Ageusia | Dysguesia | Cocoguesia | Phantoguesia | 3d
| single | null | Pathology | null |
5cfbf418-71b5-46c6-bc7a-d15cfee99283 | Which of the local anesthetic agent can be given in liver failure cases? | Articaine | Lignocaine | Bupivacaine | Benzocaine | 3d
| single | Benzocaine can be given in liver failure patients since it is ester type, and can be metabolized by cholinesterase in plasma. | Dental | null |
4f50899d-3016-461b-bd81-c1c29fbe6d29 | A psychiatrist is not posted at: | PHC | Military hospitals | District hospitals | Hospitals with medical colleges | 0a
| single | Ans: A. PHC(Ref Park 24/e p944, 23/e p9Ob, 221e p847).A psychiatrist is not posted at PHC.For sub-centre area of PHCApa from the essential staff, the desirable staff for both type A and type B PHC are:One of the two medical officers (MBBS) should be lady doctor, if the delivery case load is 30 or more per month.One AYUSH medical officer to provide choice to the people, where as AYUSH facility is not available in the vicinity.One staff nurse/nurse midwife.One health educator at the PHC.That makes total staff at type A PHC 18 and at type B PHC 21. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
76ad139f-2d71-44b7-aca8-bd96da79500b | A 45 years old patient presented with complaints of pain in abdomen and menorrhagia. Endometrial biopsy was normal and sonogram of uterus showed diffusely enlarged uterus with no adnexal mass. What is the diagnosis? | Fibroid uterus | Endometritis | Endometriosis | Adenomyosis | 3d
| single | Ans: D: Adenomyosis(Ref: Shaw's 16Ie p413-413, 13/c p4T 3; Novak's 13Ie p184; Robbins 9Ie p1012)Clinical features like abdominal pain and menorrhagia with normal endometrial biopsy and on ultrasound diffuse, symmetrical enlargement of uterus, in a perimenopausal women without any focal lesion is highly suggestive of Adenomyosis.Clinical symptoms include menometrorrhagia (irregular and heavy menses), colicky dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and pelvic pain, paicularly during the premenstrual period.Coexist with endometriosis.Often asymptomatic.Uterus is diffusely enlarged, although usually less than 14 cm in size, and is often soft and tender, paicularly at the time of menses. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
a0876dd1-533e-4ce7-8d47-1b0ca81cd228 | Not true about piperacilline is: | Active against pseudomonas aeruginosa | Inhibits Beta-lactamase | It is a ureido penicillin | Given parenterally | 1b
| multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
4c6b43ff-d302-4bb0-b9b6-873cd50cb014 | Which of the following is not a physiological method of heat loss from the body? | Sweating | Vasodilation | Posture | Peripheral vasoconstriction | 3d
| single | null | Physiology | null |
65819e7c-73c5-4f7e-bed7-9a8d74c207ac | After a surgery, the surgeon asked the intern to remove the Foley's catheter but he could not do it. The surgeon himself tried to remove the Foley's catheter but he was unsuccessful. What should be done next? | CT-guided rupture of bulb of Foley's | Inject ether to dissolve the balloon and pull it out | Inject water to overdistend the balloon until it bursts and Foley's can be removed | Use ultrasound guidance to locate and prick the balloon and then remove the catheter. | 3d
| multi | Ans: D. Use ultrasound guidance to locate and prick the balloon and then remove the catheter.http://www.aafp. orglafp12000109151p1397).Best technique in this situation is ultrasound-guided rupture of balloon. | Surgery | null |
1e6d84fb-a062-4394-803a-d7466fc8cd83 | Percentage of Phosphoric acid where Dicalcium phosphate
monohydrate is formed that cannot be rinsed off. | 25% | 37% | 50% | 85% | 0a
| single | null | Dental | null |
ae5183a1-f2a6-4071-8cab-611ccc927599 | A patient with Hb 7 was to be transfused with 2 packs of blood. The first pack was transfused in 2 hours after which vitals were stable and then the transfusion of the next pack was staed . But suddenly the patient develops breathlessness and hypeension. What can be the cause of this sudden reaction? | transfusion related circulatory overload (TACO) | allergic reaction to transfused blood | transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) | transfusion related acute renal failure | 2c
| multi | Answer- C. transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI)Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a serious blood transfusion complication characterized by the acute onset of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema following transfusion of blood products.Hypotension, and fever that develop within 6 hours after transfusion and usually resolve with suppoive care within 48 to 96 hours. Although hypotension is considered one of the impoant signs in diagnosing TRALI, hypeension can occur in some cases. | Medicine | null |
5f2e0649-aabe-48ad-9063-2c4554d053a2 | Which of the following is not present in posterior
triangle of neck? | Phrenic nerve | Subclavian nerve | External jugular vein | Hypoglossal nerve | 3d
| single | null | Anatomy | null |
3f50c7e4-d166-4d0e-8a68-d309be739f05 | All are true of midazolam over diazepam except | 2 to 3 times more potent than diazepam | It has low water solubility and shows minimal risk for thrombophlebitis | Has more affinity for benzodiazepine receptors | Better anxiolysis and amnesia | 1b
| multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
4facde08-e9dc-4bb1-b89b-74f09e84be19 | Marginal bone loss around mandibular implant depends on all except | Abutment | Boning technique | Connector | Implant fixture | 1b
| multi | Bone loss around Implant-
One of the primary complications
Abnormal if more than 0.2mm/year
For peri-implantitis 1 mm to 1.5 mm detectable bone loss recommended
Important factors on which bone loss depends around an implant-
Implant size and shape (improper)
Inadequate in number compare to desired
Wrong positioning
Bone quality already poor or amount is inadequate
Initial instability achieved
Compromised healing phase
Improper prosthesis fit like Implant fixture
Defective design (like excessive cantilever, poor hygiene access)
Non maintained or excessive occlusal forces
Improper fitting of abutment components
Poor oral hygiene
Some systemic conditions like uncontrolled diabetes
Poor oral habits like tobacco chewing, smoking | Dental | null |
1fc4e91a-649c-4eb8-bf21-abc171e8231f | All are true regarding administration of betamethasone to a mother with premature delivery except – | Neonatal morbidity better | Helps lung maturity | Prevents hyperbilirubinemia | Decreases intraventricular hemorrhage | 2c
| multi | Prevention of
Prenatal steroids are effective in preventing HMD.
Steroids acts by enhancing lung maturity. | Pediatrics | null |
ba54a2e5-0beb-4a2b-a1ec-f34e58a5e679 | Which of the following does not include Specific protection under primary prevention? | Tab Rifampicin to those in contact with meningitis | Health education | Pentavalent vaccination | Wheat flour foified with added iron | 1b
| single | Tab. Rifampicin to the meningitis patients is chemoprophylaxis which is given when a risk factor is present. Hence this is primary level prevention specific protection. Pentavalent vaccines; vaccines are always given when risk factors are present. Primary level prevention with Specific protection. Foification done when there is need or deficiency in a population (risk factors): primary level prevention. Protection from occupational hazards, Road traffic accidents, carcinogens will come under primary level Specific protection. Health education is primordial prevention. | Social & Preventive Medicine | AIIMS 2019 |
e9474805-33d3-4db9-a0dd-a7171bd262a6 | Type of cry, which is not a cry at all, there are no tears, no sobs, just a constant whining noise: | Obstinate cry. | Frighten cry. | Hurt cry. | Compensatory cry. | 3d
| multi | The four types of crying classified by Elsbach are: | Dental | null |
c54dfaa1-6f96-4b0a-8b63-bfbbbbbb3a3c | Not seen in classical triad of megaloblastic anemia | Howell-Jolly bodies | Reticulocytosis | Hypersegmented neutrophil | Macro-ovalocytes | 1b
| single | null | Pathology | null |
398ff5ba-cea5-4aff-be5e-b5f0839d0d69 | According to `AHA 2010 Guidelines' which of the following drug is not used in CPCR? | Adrenalin | Vasopressin | Atropine | Amiodarone | 2c
| single | Answer- C. Atropine'According to AHA 2020 Guidelines, Atropine is no longer recommended for routine use in the management of pulseless electrical activity (PEA)asystole.'ACLS- medications for pulses arrestAtropine: deleted from pulseless arrest algorithmEpinephrine: dose, interval unchangedVasopressin: dose, use unchangedAmiodarone: dose, indications unchangedLidocaine: dose, indications unchangedSodium Bicarbonate: routine use not recommendedCalcium: for treatment of cardiac arrest not recommended | Anaesthesia | null |
eae98f93-8d7a-4920-9c80-298de99d64a8 | Which of the following does not cause head and neck squamous cell carcinoma | Alcohol | Betel nut | HPV | EBV | 3d
| single | Answer- D .EBVThe most impoant risk factors for developing HNSCC are tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption.Consumed in betel quids containing areca nut increases the risk of developing HNSCC.HNSCCs of the oral cavity and oropharynx, are becoming more prevalent, which may be related to an increase in oral and oropharyngeal HPV infection. | Surgery | null |
cd26e28e-1b7b-4873-8031-d69f1b75a277 | A 30–year old lady delivered a healthy baby at 37 week of gestation. She was a known case of chronic hepatitis B infection She was positive for HBsAG o but negative for HBeAG. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for the baby – | Both active and passive immunization soon after birth | Passive immunization soon afte birth and active immunization at 1 year of age | Only passive immunization soon after birth | Only active immunization soon after birth | 0a
| multi | Immunization of infants born to i sAg positive women.
These infants should receive both active and passive immunization soon after birth.
The first dose of active immunization should be accompanied by administration of .5 ml of HBIG as soon after delivery is possible, because the effectiveness decreases rapidly with increased time after birth.
Subsequent doses of active immunization should be given at 1-2mo, and 6 mo of age. | Pediatrics | null |
eb49deaf-5611-4a19-8ad5-0cca73608043 | Which of the following is not used in DIC? | Heparin | Epsilon amino caproic acid | Blood transfusion | Intravenous fluids. | 1b
| single | Well friends, we have discussed the causes and investigations of DIC. Now here let’s take a look at its management.\
Management of DIC
The most important step is to terminate the pregnancy- vaginal delivery without episiotomy is preferred to cesarean section
Volume replacement by crystalloids or colloids will reduce the amount of whole blood needed to restore the blood volume.
500 ml of fresh blood raises the fibrinogen level approximately by 12.5 mg/100 ml and platelets by 10,000–15,000 cu mm. Fresh blood- helps in flushing out fibrin degradation product and improving the micro circulation.
To replace fibrinogen- Fresh frozen plasma should be given: Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is extracted from whole blood. It contains fibrinogen, anti-thrombin III, clotting factors V, XI, XII. FFP transfusion provides both volume replacement and coagulation factors. One unit of FFP (250 mL) raises the fibrinogen by 5-10 mg/dL. FFP does not need to be ABO or Rh compatible.
Cryoprecipitate is obtained from thawed FFP. It is rich in fibrinogen, factor VIII, Von Willebrand’s factor, and XIII. Cryoprecipitate provides less volume (40 mL) compared to FFP (250 mL). So it should not be used for volume replacement. One unit of cryoprecipitate increases the fibrinogen level by 5-10 mg/dL.
In case of active bleeding with platelet counts < 50,000/ml or prophylactically with platelet count 20–30,000/ml – platelet replacement should be done. Platelet should ABO and Rh specific. 1 units (50 ml) raises the platelet count by 7500/ ml
Recombinant activated factors VIIA: (60-100 μg/kg IV) can reverse DIC within 10 minute as it is a precusor for extrinsic clotting cascade which is replaced.
Role of Heparin
According to Williams Obs. “Heparin is not used in DIC.”
According to COGDT 10/e, p 999
“Heparin acts as an anticoagulant by activating antithrombin III but has little effect on activated coagulation factors. Anticoagulation is contraindicated in patients with fulminant DIC and central nervous system insults, fulminant liver failure, or obstetric accidents. The one instance, however, in which heparin has been demonstrated to benefit pregnancy-related DIC is in the case of the retained dead fetus with intact vascular system, where heparin may be administered to interrupt the coagulation process and thrombocytopenia for several days until delivery may be implemented.”
As far as EACA is concerned- Williams Obs. 22/e, p 844 says –
“EACA is not recommended in case of DIC.”
According to Williams Obs 23/e, p 787
“It use in most types of obstetric coagulopathy has not been efficacious & not recommended” | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
02b5fc8b-8dd7-4de9-84b8-ea71c32aac57 | A 28-year-old patient of neurocysticercosis develops generalized peeling of skin all over except palms and soles staing one month after taking anti-epileptics. What is the most probable diagnosis? | Fixed drug eruption | Pemphigus | Steven Johnson syndrome | TEN | 3d
| multi | Ans: D. TEN (Ref Neena Khanna 4/e p83, 174)Probable diagnosis is toxic epidermal necrolysis.Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN/ Lyell's syndrome:Rare, life-threatening skin condition that is usually caused by a reaction to drugs.Etiology of Epidermal Necrolysis Drugs MiscellaneousIdiopathic Anticonvulsants: Carbamazepine, phenytoin barbiturates, lamotrigineChemotherapeutic agents: sulfonamides, penicillinNSAIDs: Butazones, oxicams Others: Allopurinol, nevirapine SSE, GVHD, Lymphoreticular malignanciesInfections (Mycoplasma pneumoniae, herpes virus infection) 5% of patients | Skin | null |
60a2311b-bfcb-43c9-9409-30d6f3a0e6b9 | Characteristic features of growth hormone deficiency include all of the following except – | Short stature since birth | Symptomatic hypoglycemia | Delayed tooth eruption | Sexual infantilism | 0a
| multi | The child with hypopituitarism is usually of normal size and weight at birth.
Here is a differential diagnosis of Short stature
See the following table: | Pediatrics | null |
da7641d0-e85e-441f-b911-066b47ca059c | An empty cavity in the mandible with no lining is
mostly likely to be: | Aneurysmal bone cyst | Idiopathic bone cavity | Dentigerous cyst | Keratocyst | 1b
| single | null | Surgery | null |
73944fde-aa45-4a1f-a140-e56d201ed4b0 | Which of the following statements is true or false regarding the CPR technique?1. Czan be given irrespective of rib fracture.2. An adult chest compression : breath is 30 : 2 to 15 : 2 even if 2nd rescuer present.3. In infants ratio change from 30 : 2 to 15 : 2 when 2nd rescuer arrive.4. Chest compression at rate of 100 - 120 / min on adults and 90 per minute in infants. | a is false and b, c, d are true | a, b are true & c, d are false | a, c, d are true & b is false | b, c are true & a, d are false | 0a
| multi | Ans: A is false & b, c, d are trueCPR technique cannot be given to patients with rib fracture.In CPR technique, an adult chest compression : breath is 30 : 2 to 15 : 2 even if 2nd rescuer present.In infants ratio change from 30 : 2 to 15 : 2 when 2nd rescuer arrive.Chest compression at rate of 100 - 120 / min on adults and 90 per minute in infants. | Anaesthesia | null |
03952f72-4223-48bc-a0df-51af60400a7a | CASE -2 SR visit again but the condition is not improved but this time IV cannula was set. What drug should be given now? | Midazolam | I/V Phenobarbital | Oral valproate | IV carbamazepine | 1b
| single | Ans. In this case the First Line has failed . So for second line therapy I/V Phenobarbital is prefferedReference - <a href=" | Pediatrics | null |
0919bffa-ea11-4e1f-9139-4c20fcd1a394 | Which of the following is not used for making indirect wax pattern? | Ivory wax | Modeling wax | Utility wax | Inlay wax | 2c
| single | null | Dental | null |
621316dd-5ef8-4ba1-953c-6f214b414b56 | A woman with 20 weeks pregnancy presents with bleeding per vaginum. On speculum examination, the os is open but no products have comes t. The most likely diagnosis is: | Incomplete aboion | Complete aboion | Inevitable aboion | Missed aboion | 2c
| single | Answer- C. Inevitable aboionInevitatrle Aboion:Clinical picture: Bleeding, pain and shockSize of uterus: Equal or lessInternal os: Open with products feltUltrasound: Dead fetus | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
18d0dc33-09df-4256-b62f-51390ede8e4d | A 50-year-old male presented with complains of ptosis, difficulty in chewing and occasional difficulty in swallowing. There is no history of diplopia or visual loss. On examination, there is symmetric ptosis and mild restriction of extraocular muscle movement with finger abduction test 60deg. Nerve conduction study shows decremental response in orbicularis only. ERG revealed a myopathic pattern. Anti-AchR radioimmunoassay was negative. The most probable diagnosis would be: | Ocular myasthenia gravis | Generalized myasthenia gravis | As anti-ACHR is negative you will consider an alternative diagnosis | Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) | 1b
| multi | Ans. b. Generalized myasthenia gravis (Ref Harrison 19/e p2701, 18/e p3480-3482; Meritt's Neurology 12/e p389)Myasthenia gravis is a major cause of ptosis and diptopia. The distribution of muscle weakness has a characteristic pattem.The cranial muscles paicularly the lids and extraocular muscles are often involved early in the course, diplopia and ptosis are common initial complaints. | Medicine | null |
5f5f1b55-68a6-4c77-a46a-97d7157a4adc | A 3 – month old infant presents with bilateral medullary nephrocalcinosis. All of the following can cause medullary nephrocalcinosis except : | Hyperoxaluria | Bartter's syndrome | Prolonged use of furosemide | ARPKD | 3d
| multi | Nephrocalcinosis :
Deposition of calcium in the substance of the kidney.
Causes of nephrocalcinosis :
Idiopathic hypercalciuria.
Hyperoxaluria.
Distal renal tubular acidosis.
Diuretics for preterm baby.
Bartter syndrome.
Dent's disease.
Primary hyperparathyroidism.
Familial hypomagnesemia, hypercalciuria with nephrocalcinosis. | Pediatrics | null |
e226f4d8-7809-47e1-bc8c-9fcde2c6010d | Which is not true about phenotype? | It is modified with the passage of time | It is the appearance of an individual | It is genetic sequence of an individual | It is influenced by genotype | 2c
| multi | null | Pathology | null |
47d0aa0a-2a83-4fc9-8a8c-54789d2e482e | The following drug is not useful for MRSA? | Cefaclor | Cotrimoxazole | Ciprofloxacin | Vancomycin | 0a
| single | null | Medicine | null |
73ba7368-c001-4d15-b4a3-f0d46feb4b5b | Loss of flexion in the interphalangeal joint of thumb in supracondylar fracture is due to involvement of which nerve | Anterior interosseous | Posterior interosseous | Median | Ulnar | 0a
| single | Flexion at IP joint of thumbs - by flexor pollicis longus Nerves that may be involved in supracondylar humerus : 1. Median nerve - most common Paial injury occurs usually. i.e. fibers involved in forming AIN branch. 2. Radial nerve - less often 3. Ulnar nerve - least commonly involved. AIN supply: Flexor pollicis longus * Lateral 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus * Pronator quadratus | Anatomy | AIIMS 2018 |
4282ea27-91a4-4cd7-9781-2958d3986552 | A girl child with fever, cough, dyspnoea with x–ray showing right lower lobe patchy consolidation, for which treatment was given. After 8 weeks symptom improved but x-ray showed more dense consolidation involving the whole of the right lower lobe. What is the next best line of investigation ? | Bronchoscopy | Culture from nasopharynx | Barium esophagogram | Allergic skin test | 0a
| multi | A history of recurrent pneumonia in the same lobe or segment or slow resolution (> 3 months) of pneumonia on successive radiographs suggests the possibility of bronchial obstruction and the need for bronchoscopy. | Pediatrics | null |
567c4ef0-c8b3-40db-8076-d293f225f852 | All of the following are characteristic features of Tricuspid Atresia except – | Left Axis deviation | Right ventricular hypoplasia | Pulmonary vascularity is diminished | Splitting of S2 | 3d
| multi | Atresia of the tricuspid valve results in the absence of a communication between the right atrium and right ventricle therefore the right ventricle is underdeveloped the inflow portion being absent.
The only exit for systemic venous blood coming to the right atrium is by way ofAtrial Septal defect. Through this the blood goes to left atrium from where it enters left ventricle.
A ventricular septal defect provides communication between the left ventricle and the outflow portion of the right ventricle. The left ventricle therefore maintain both the systemic as well as the pulmonary circulation thus there is hypertrophy of the left ventricle which is reflected by left axis deviation in ECG.
The pulmonary blood flow is dependent on the size of the ventricular defect, the smaller the VSD, the lesser the pulmonary blood flow. 90% patients of Triscuspid Atresia have diminished pulmonary blood flow.
Auscultatory finding in case of Tricuspid Atresia -'
S 1- Normal o SZ - Single o Murmur grade III to grade 1111 / VI | Pediatrics | null |
2fb9aa7b-5106-4856-943d-f6554959feab | Rabies vaccine not to be given in case of? | Rat bite | Cat bite | Dog bite | Monkey bite | 0a
| single | null | Microbiology | null |
82c284b8-4feb-4984-8e9a-cc7a37be517c | All of the following about use of aerotor hand piece are false except: | The sound frequency greater than 75 decibel (dB) causes damage to the ear | The frequency of rotation of bur is 6000-8000rpm | It will harm more in elderly than very young | Its use in younger teeth is contraindicated. | 0a
| multi | null | Dental | null |
f2f90872-25be-4295-9e2c-26f8310a2100 | In chronic renal failure : a) Urine output is more than 3 litres per dayb) Urine concentration is decreasedc) Sodium conservation is poord) Polycythemia is present | a | c | bc | ad | 2c
| single | null | Pediatrics | null |
626e661d-f0a5-4f92-932c-3cc6d0e19eda | All factors governing dentine permeability EXCEPT | Smear Layer | Fluid Convection | Length of dentinal tubules | Diffusion coefficient | 1b
| multi | null | Dental | null |
72676291-2690-40d6-b2f1-30cfdb015e45 | Injection Glucagon is effective for management of persistent hypoglycemia in all, except – | Large for date baby | Galactosemia | Infant of diabetic mother | Nesidioblastosis | 1b
| multi | Glucagon is used to t/t hypoglycemia caused by hyperinsulinism.
Glucagon mainly acts by increasing hepatic Glycogenolysis and Gluconeogenesis
Hyperinsulinism is a feature of all the four conditions mentioned in the questions so Glucagon should have been effective in all these conditions, but it is not so. Glucagon does not have any effect on hypoglycemia in Galactosemic patients.
In Galactosemia liver is the first organ to be affected so there is no question of increased glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis from the already damaged liver therefore Glucagon will be ineffective. | Pediatrics | null |
f0542af7-19d5-4e21-9e75-1a44f6103407 | Which of the following is not characteristic feature of Binder syndrome? | Acute naso-labial angle | Flat nasal bridge | Class III malocclusion | Class II malocclusion | 3d
| single | null | Dental | null |
326b16f4-3bd9-4656-9515-093e7d67ae21 | What is not true regarding Zika Virus: | Belong to family flaviviridae | Transmission happens by Mosquitoes | Not transmitted from mother to newborn | Possibly can cause microcephaly | 2c
| multi | Zika Virus belongs to family flaviviridae( which comes under Arbovirus). It is transmitted through mosquitoes (Aedes aegypticus) or sexual transmission .It also shows veical transmission i.e. from mother to child. If pregnant female gets infected with zika virus it may cause Microcephaly and GBS (Guillian Barre syndrome) in new born. | Microbiology | AIIMS 2018 |
bee22c8c-3527-403f-903a-bd535bc3dd68 | Which is not an obvious advantage of high pressure oxygen through cannula: | Bypassing nasopharyngeal dead space | Decreases need for intubation | PEEP | Hot and Humidification of air | 0a
| single | High pressure oxygen through cannula: Oxygen supply system capable of delivering up to 100% humidified and heated oxygen at a flowrate of up to 60 liters per minute. This device increases the FiO2 (21-100%) and reduces the need for intubation. It also creates some amount of PEEP: 3-5mmhg | Anaesthesia | AIIMS 2019 |
c7d3b43e-bcf6-4d61-bca9-552c07da0d6f | All of the following groups of newborns are at an increased risk of hypoglycemia except – | Birth asphyxia | Respiratory distress syndrome | Maternal diabetes | Post term infant | 3d
| multi | Neonatal hypoglycemia is, seen in preterm infants (not post term) | Pediatrics | null |
13c88190-2ea3-4939-87e3-5d4752552fcf | A 6 days old neonate weighing 2800 gm (bih weight 3200 gm) was brought with the complaints of fever, poor feeding and poor activity. There was no history of vomiting or diarrhea. Axillary temperature was 39degC with depressed fontenalle, sunken eyes, decreased urine output and decreased skin turgor. Her mother has the history of decreased milk production. What is your diagnosis? | Neonatal sepsis | Galactosemia | Fever & dehydration | Acute renal failure | 0a
| multi | Ans: A. Neonatal sepsisInitial Signs & Symptoms of Infection in Newborn InfantsGeneralCardiovascular SystemFever, temperature instabilitydegNot doing well, poor feedingdegEdemadegPallor, mottling, cold clammy skindegHypotension, tachycardiadegBradycardiaGastrointestinal SystemCentral Nervous SystemAbdominal distentiondegVomiting, diarrheadegHepatomegalyIrritability, lethargy, high pitched cryTremors, seizuresdegHyporeflexia, hypotonia, abnormal Moro's reflexdegRespiratory SystemHematological SystemApnea, dyspnea, tachypneadegRetractions, flaring, gruntingdegCyanosisdegPallor, jaundice, splenomegalydegBleedingPetechiae, purpura | Pediatrics | null |
149f4170-803d-4034-acb3-776c0abd48b5 | Anchorage not being applied here: | Reciprocal | Stationary | Intramaxillary | Intraoral | 1b
| single | Different types of anchorage
Intraoral Anchorage
Anchorage units are present within the oral cavity.
Anchorage sources can be teeth, palate, etc.
Simple Anchorage
When application of force tends to change the axial inclination of the tooth or teeth that form the anchorage unit in the plane of space in which the force is being applied.
Stationary anchorage
Anchor tooth or source does not move against the forces of teeth.
In real sense, only the extra-oral source of anchorage like can be from headgears would be anchorage.
Anchor tooth being housed in a bioactive environment would show some degree of movement and hence cannot be classified as stationary anchorage in a real sense.
Reciprocal Anchorage:
Teeth which are pulled against each other to close spaces.
Midline diastema in the upper arch with elastic arch.
Cross elastics to correct molar cross-bite.
Arch expansion using a midline screw.
The molar rotator.
Single or Primary Anchorage
The tooth to be moved against a tooth which can have greater alveolar support area.
Like a molar along with adjacent premolars used to align another molar.
Compound Anchorage
The use of more teeth with greater anchorage potential to move a tooth or group of teeth with lesser support.
Like in the fixed orthodontic appliances retracting incisors using loop mechanics.
Reinforced Anchorage
Reinforcing of anchorage units by use of more than one type of resistance units.
Like headgears along with routine fixed mechano-therapy or (extra-oral anchorage and intra arch compound anchorage)
Key Concept:
Since the figure shows the movement of both the units towards each other, this doesn’t fit the definition of stationary anchorage. | Dental | null |
9915556e-4bff-4728-a142-32cd11836bbb | Which of the following drugs is not used in management of rheumatoid ahritis? | Etanercept | Leftunomide | Febuxostat | Methotrexate | 2c
| single | Febuxostat- hypouricemic agent It can be used in patient of chronic kidney disease where probenecid cannot be used Probenecid used in under excretion in chronic gout. Chronic Gout: under excreter (Probenecid/Febuxostat) | Medicine | AIIMS 2018 |
579951c3-517c-41e4-ac39-0a48f474c01b | In a village of 20,000 population 456 bihs occurred in april, 56 showed no signs of life at bih, 56 died before 28 days of life, 34 died between 28 days- 1 year, 500 was total number of deaths in that year. Infant moality rate? | 197.4 | 320 | 225 | 125 | 2c
| single | Ans.C.225IMR = Number of deaths of children less than 1 year of age in a year X 1000/number of live bihs in the same year.IMR=56+34 X1000/400= 225 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
158075d9-ce50-4a2c-b201-74b3fea5a513 | Investigation of choice to rule out biliary atresia in a 2-month-old child is: | Hepatic scintigraphy | ERCP | USG | CT scan. | 0a
| single | Ans: A. Hepatic scintigraphy(Ref. Nelson 20/e p1934, 19/e p1385; Sabiston 20/e p1880, I9/e p1852-1853; Schwaz 10/e p1628, 9/1438-1440; Bailey 27/e p1196, 26/e p1104-1105; Blumga 5/e p595-603; Shackelford 7/e p1390-1396)* Investigation of choice to rule out biliary atresia in a 2- month-old child = Hepatic scintigraphy.Hepatobiliary scintigraphy with technetium-labeled iminodiacetic acid derivatives (HIDA scan):* Used to differentiate biliary atresia from non-obstructive causes of cholestasis.Normal hepatic uptake -* In biliary atresia.* Excretion into intestine is absent.Impaired uptake -* In neonatal hepatitis.* Excretion into intestine occur.* Follow-up scan after 24 hours - Determines the biliary tree patency.* Phenobarbital administration (5 mg/kg/day) for 5 days before scan recommended.* Enhances biliary isotope excretion.Hepatobiliary scintigraphy:* Very sensitive.* Non-specific test for biliary atresia.* Fails to identify other structural abnormalities of biliary tree or vascular anomalies. | Surgery | null |
b9558853-1ef8-40c5-93a0-4514d251569f | Which of the following is not an indicator of difficult mask ventilation? | Patient having history of snoring | Patient having beard | Old age patient | Full set of teeth present | 3d
| single | null | Surgery | null |
53c524d8-8a1c-4656-aa1f-d9b1368ebd6f | Recently two methods, CPAP conventional and bubble CPAP were compared, in the conventional method 90 out of 160 showed extubation failure while 40 out of 160 showed extubation failure in the bubble method. Which test would be the best to compare the statically significance between the rates of extubation in the two tests.? | Paired test | Chi square test | Student test | ANOVA | 1b
| multi | Chi-square Test
It is a test used for qualitative data in which there is no motion of magnitude or size of the attitude. The data are classified by counting the individuals having the same characteristic of attribute.
Student t-test
It is used for quantitative data. The data has a magnitude and is normally distributed in the population (I.e. Continuous data) eg. Each individual has one measurement from a continuous spectrum or range such as body temperature, height, weight, blood pressure.
Student t-test is of three types:
Student t-test for single small sample.
Student t-test for independent samples (also called as unpaired test).
Student t-test for paired sample (paired t test).
Paired t-test
It compares the means of two paired samples (when two reading, are taken from a same group, before and after an intervention). | Dental | null |
5d38732d-4eaa-45ab-814a-788953f95cf2 | Etching of dentin does not include: | Removal of smear layer | Exposure of collagen fibres | Opening of dentinal tubules | Increases surface energy | 3d
| single | null | Dental | null |
c30d00e9-dc5c-43fd-9514-b0dd23249546 | Which of the following is not a feature of infective endocarditis. | Roth spot. | Osler's nodes. | Aschoff nodules. | Positive blood culture. | 2c
| single | Aschoff nodules are pathognomonic feature of rheumatic heart disease. | Medicine | null |
7e01c8f0-9b7e-4884-ad40-0c2487a4f5cb | False about Bone marrow biopsy | Can be done in prone or lateral position | To find out infiltrative and granulomatous disorders | Breath holding not necessary | Contraindicated when platelet count is below 40,000 | 3d
| multi | Ans: D. Contraindicated when platelet count is below 40,000CT-guided bone marrow biopsy is safe in thrombocytopenic patients, with a hemorrhagic complication rate below 1.6% for patients with a platelet count of 20,000-50,000/mL. Routine preprocedure platelet transfusion may not be necessary for patients with a platelet count of 20,000-50,000/mL. | Pathology | null |
96b90e71-5964-4438-8852-9bf9af38ad44 | A 10 year old patient reported to department with BCLP (bilateral cleft lip & palate); the maxillary transverse width was normal, lateral incisor was congenitally missing with impacted canine. What will be the treatment approach? | SABG only | SABG followed by expansion | Expansion followed by SABG | Only expansion | 0a
| multi | Timing of SABG surgery:
Secondary alveolar bone grafting (SABG) is done at an age when the growth inhibition effects of the surgery on maxilla are minimised, and it can help the maxillary canine or lateral incisor to erupt normally through the cancellous bone. After the age of 9 years, maxillary growth is minimal. Secondary bone grafting is done during the mixed dentition stage after the eruption of permanent incisors, but before the eruption of permanent canines. The timing of bone graft is based on the root formation and eruption pattern of the maxillary lateral incisor and maxillary canine. In case, insufficient bone is available in the cleft area for the lateral incisors to erupt, bone graft can be done around 7 years of age.
Note: In this patient, since the transverse width is normal, there is no need for expansion.
Orthodontics: Diagnosis and Management of Malocclusion and Dentofacial Deformities 3rd ed Om P. Kharbanda pdf no 3709 | Dental | null |
09a97945-700d-49da-92e1-8b7c31754b56 | Fill the missing data in the Ottawa charter for health promotion | Promotion of health services | Reorienting health services | Prevention of disease | Effective health services | 1b
| single | null | Dental | null |
5a6abefa-9edd-429c-8489-f7d4a3fd2770 | A patient showing inability to close the right corner of the mouth is most probably suffering from: | Myasthenia gravis | Bell's palsy | TMJ dysfunction syndrome | Multiple sclerosis | 1b
| single | Bell's palsy is manifested by drooping of corner of mouth, drooling of saliva, watering of eye, inability to blink the eye. The patient has a typical mask-like or expressionless appearance. The patient will have speech difficulty and occasionally the taste sensation to anterior portion of tongue is lost or altered.
In supranuclear lesions of facial nerve, only the lower part of the face is paralysed. The upper part (frontalis and part of orbicularis oculi) escapes due to bilateral representation in the cerebral cortex.
In infranuclear lesions of facial nerve (Bell's palsy) half of the whole of face is paralysed. The face becomes asymmetrical, and any attempt to smile draws the mouth to the NORMAL SIDE. | Pathology | null |
22c12f88-d394-4d93-8be6-336a477a51b4 | Which of the following is not true about screw feed technology | Reduces weight by 30% | Reduces volume by 80% | Ideal for pathological waste | Non-burn heat sterilization technique | 2c
| multi | Answer- C. Ideal for pathological wasteScrew-Feed Technology:A non-burn, dry thermal disinfection processWaste is reduced by 80% in volumeWaste is reduced by 20-35 % in weightSuitable for treating infectious waste and sharpsShould not be used to process pathological, cytotoxic, or radioactive waste. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
e584f190-0cb1-4ef7-9e2a-e4f0ccc8e01b | Cranial nerve that is not involved in olfaction:- | Glossopharyngeal | Vagus | Hypoglossal | Trigeminal | 2c
| single | Olfaction - 1. Ohonasal (odor in inspired air) 2. Retro nasal (odor in expired air) Food in mouth - swallowing and deglutition 1. Chorda tympani (branch of facial nerve): taste from anterior 2/3rd tongue 2. Lingual nerve: pain, tactile and temperature from anterior tongue 3. Greater superficial petrosal nerve: taste from palate 4. 9th and 10th CN: taste from posterior tongue and throat CN 5,7,9 & 10 help to regulate olfaction. Add smell to taste. Hypoglossal nerve that is pure motor nerve supply muscle of tongue. | ENT | AIIMS 2018 |
dc3b4878-5fcb-4cd0-b31d-594a5320655a | Which of the following is not used in hea failure? | Metoprolol | Trimetazidine | Sacubitril | Nesiritide | 1b
| single | Beta blockers in hea failure -Beta blockers are contraindicated in acute hea failure but they can be used in chronic hea failure. At first beta blockers should be staed at low dose, dose should be increased gradually so that predominant action is on kidneys not on hea. Beta blockers used are - Carvedilol, metoprolol and bisoprolol. Sacubitril - It is NEP(neutral endopeptidase) inhibitor, which is required for metabolism of BNP(brain natriuretic peptide) as a result BNP levels are increased resulting in natriuresis and vasodilation. Thus can be used in CHF. Nesiritide- It is recombinant BNP. It is given through subcutaneous route. Trimetazidine -it is a metabolic modulator. it paially inhibits beta oxidation of fatty acids which results in shifting of metabolism of hea muscles from fatty acids to glucose Which require less amount of oxygen so beneficial for the patient of angina pectoris but not used in hea failure. | Pharmacology | AIIMS 2019 |
810e4333-a984-4b47-821a-d6dddd1615d7 | All of following are recognized manifestation of acute Rheumatic fever except –a) Abdominal painb) Epistaxisc) Choread) Subcutaneous nodules | ac | a | ad | ab | 3d
| multi | Subcutaneous nodules and chorea are the major criteria.
Epistaxis and abdominal pain are nonspecific and usually do not occur. | Pediatrics | null |
d945a9d8-2cd7-4c27-9abd-0fa469d2c9f1 | A radiograph of the mandibular posteriors in a patient reveals radiopacity above the apices of right 1st molar. No restoration or cavity present. There is no pain or swelling and the pulp is vital. The diagnosis is: | Periapical granuloma | Cementoblastoma | Radicular cyst | Chronic abscess | 1b
| multi | Radiographic Features:
The tumor mass is attached to the tooth root and appears as a well-circumscribed dense radiopaque mass often surrounded by a thin, uniform radiolucent line. The outline of the affected root is generally obliterated, because of resorption of the root and fusion of the mass to the tooth.
The associated tooth is vital, unless coincidentally involved. The lesion is slow-growing and may cause expansion of cortical plates of bone, but is usually otherwise asymptomatic.
Ref: Shafer's textbook of oral pathology 7th edition page 736 | Pathology | null |
d0de8433-05e9-4391-ad03-5b228436ccd5 | Which of the following is not glucogenic? | Pyruvate | Oxaloacetate | Acetyl-CoA | Lactate | 2c
| single | Ans: C. Acetyl-CoA(Ref. Harper 30/e p185, 29/e p187)Acetyl CoA is not a substrate for gluconeogenesis (not glucogenic) and cannot be conveed back to glucose."Acetyl CoA is not a substrate for gluconeogenesis and cannot be conveed back to glucosee. This is because acetyl CoA cannot be conveed back to pyruvateQ since its carbon backbone is lost in citric acid cycle as CO2." | Biochemistry | null |
2842876c-766c-4b9b-a630-8233d82da426 | The patient suffered from hypogonadism, failure to thrive, loss of taste and unable to maintain stability. This shows the deficiency of: | Zinc | Chromium | Copper | Potassium | 0a
| single | null | Biochemistry | null |
45588c4c-da93-43ca-8ee4-05feb851be68 | Which is not a branch of the external carotid aery supplying nasal septum? | Sphenopalatine | greater palatine | superior labial | anterior ethmoidal | 3d
| single | Ans. D. anterior ethmoidalThe nasal septum also derives its blood supply from :Branches from the external carotid aery are the sphenopalatine aery, the greater palatine aery, the superior labial aery, and the angular aery.The main branches from the interior carotid are the anterior ethmoidal aery, and the posterior ethmoidal aery that supplies the septum, and these derive from the ophthalmic aery. | Anatomy | null |
98e20d31-45bf-46c2-80cd-a9020dcaf014 | A recently delivered woman with a 15 days old child suffering from cough, sneezing and fever needs help. She has no money for transpoation to nearby hospital. Which of the national programme can help this woman? | JSSK | Indira Gandhi YojanaF-IMNCI | F-IMNCI | Home-based Care | 0a
| single | Ans: A. JSSK(Ref Park 24/e p476, 23/e p456, 22/e p420; Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (JSSK), the national programme can help this woman. Janani-Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK)The initiative entitles all pregnant women delivering in public health institutions to absolutely free and no expense to delivery, including cesarean section.Includes free drugs and consumables, free diet up to 3 days during normal delivery and up to 7 days for cesarean section, free diagnostics, and free blood wherever required.Provides for free transpo from home to institution, between facilities in case of referral and drop back home.Similar entitlements for all sick newborns & infants accessing public health institutions for treatment till 30 days after bih.Aims to eliminate out of pocket expenses incurred by the pregnant women and sick new borns while accessing services at Government health facilities. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
3c053a67-9d94-4e22-b368-e7e3df80fcb9 | Direct pulp capping is not done in which of these situations? | Mechanical exposure | No bleeding | Pinpoint exposure | Carious exposure with more than 1 mm in size | 3d
| single | “Direct pulp capping is defined as 1 mm2 or less than 1 mm2 exposure due to mechanical exposure during cavity preparation or caries or trauma left behind with a sound surrounding dentin and dressed with a biocompatible radiopaque base in contact with the exposed pulp and should heal the tissue and deposit the reparative dentin prior to placing the restoration.”
Reference: Pediatric Dentistry Principles and Practice SECOND EDITION, MS Muthu; pdf no 780 | Dental | null |
0ec4a50e-3eb2-44e9-97c5-527a8c6fdd68 | Which of the following muscle is not inseed to the greater tubercle of humerus? | Supraspinatus | lnfraspinatus | Teres minor | Subscapularis | 3d
| single | Ans: D SubscapularisSubscapularis muscle - Largest component of the posterior wall of the axilla.Origin: From subscapularis fossa & also fills it.Inseion: To lesser tubercle of humerus.Inseions of greater tubercle of humerusSupraspinatusInfraspinatusTeres minor | Anatomy | null |
1c84e0de-2784-45de-a25d-79ed40cf0fe2 | All of the following statements about acute leukemia in children are true except | It characteristically causes gross gingival swelling | It may he manifested by mucosal pallor | It can cause obvious purpura | It is usually of the lymphoblastic variety | 0a
| multi | null | Pathology | null |
762b1d6e-6206-45cf-baa7-55b1c14d5fb1 | Which of the following markers is not used in quadruple test for antenatal detection of Down syndrome? | AFP | ss-hCG | Estradiol | Inhibin | 2c
| single | Quadruple test is the second trimester measurement of maternal serum 1 Alpha fetoprotein ( MSAFP) : decreased2 unconjugated estriol: decreased3 HCG: increased4 Inhibin A : increased - It is done between 15 - 20 weeks | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | AIIMS 2018 |
7c8d588c-567d-4f19-9e67-c4cf90bfd6ab | When soft palate is paralysed, which is not seen? | Clefting of the palate | Nasal regurgitation | Nasal twang | Flat palate | 0a
| single | null | Surgery | null |
5ba07589-bec7-4600-b1a2-93beb50dbc17 | Atropine is not an antidote in: | Tik 20 | Endrin | Baygon | Parathion | 1b
| single | Atropine is used for organophosphate and carbamate poisoning but not for organochloride poisoining. Since endrin is an organochloride so atropine is not an antidote for endrin. | Forensic Medicine | AIIMS 2017 |
b7d8bd74-0651-43ca-9284-f29321e22628 | As per mental health care act, an individual with a known psychotic disorder on treatment and is not a minor, can choose to decide the caretaker and the course of treatment. This is called as:- | Advance directive | Treatment directive | Mental will | Future directive | 0a
| multi | Advance directives:- Every person except minor has right to take advance directive by writing. It empowers the patient to choose his/her treatment and appoint a representative to take decision on behalf of patient. If patient is minor, his/her parent or caretaker will act as representative. | Forensic Medicine | AIIMS 2018 |
e64ec07c-6504-4850-a780-307ca9bb1a5e | Abnormality in elastin protein can lead to all except ? | Fractures | Joint laxity | Aoic aneurysm | Subluxation of lens | 0a
| multi | Ans. A. FracturesRef Clinical Outcomes of Elastin Fibre DeJbcts, J Cytol Histol 201 3, 4: IAbnormality in elastin protein can lead to abnormality in nrany systern.It can lead to aoic aneurysm, joint laxity and subluxation of lens. | Pathology | null |
f8c7a8c6-351b-4ffe-b108-dc3363837624 | A new method of measuring Haemoglobin levels has been developed. Ten successive readings of a single sample are as follows: 9.4, 10.4, 9.6, 9.1, 10.8, 12.1, 10.1, 9.8, 9.2, 9.5. But the Haemoglobin measured by standard calorimetry was 10.2. Therefore the given method has | Low validity, low reliability | High validity, low reliability | High validity, high reliability | Low validity, high reliability | 1b
| single | Reliability is precision (repeatability) and Validity is accuracy (close to true/actual value)
In the given question, 10 successive readings are all different and they have a mean value of 9.4+10.4+9.6+9.1+10.8+12.1+10.1+9.8+9.2+9.5/10 = 10.0
Thus it has low reliability (non-consistent) and high validity (close to true/actual value of 10.2) | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
a0edceda-8fd1-4602-8ae5-9e9e71010ba4 | Chronic carrier state is seen in all except | Measles | Diptheria | Typhoid | Gonorrhea | 0a
| multi | null | Dental | null |
6fca2a0f-4491-43d1-800e-febf55533073 | Drug not used in H. pylori? | Metronidazole | Omeprazole | Mosapride | Amoxicillin | 2c
| single | null | Medicine | null |
d75dc767-c74f-4b3d-a2bd-f5e6c082e497 | A patient of supracondylar humerus fracture is unable to flex interphalangeal joint of the thumb. Which nerve is most likely injured? | Median nerve | Superficial branch of ulnar nerve | AIN | Pin | 2c
| single | Flexion of interphalangeal joint of thumb is carried out by flexor pollicis longus. It is supplied by AIN, a branch of median nerve. Muscles which are supplied by AIN are flexor digitorum profundus (Lateral 1/2 ), flexor pollicis longus and pronator quadratus. PIN a branch of radial nerve causes finger drop Supra condylar fracture of Humerus - Order of nerve involvement in children:AIN > Median Nerve > Radial Nerve > Ulnar Nerve | Orthopaedics | AIIMS 2018 |
7bc4b5f5-b82c-47d0-956f-3b4110d7f371 | Which of the following is not a cause of clubfoot in newborns? | CTEV | Ahogryposis multiplex cngenita | Polio | Spina bifida | 2c
| single | Answer- C. PolioEtiology of club footIdiopathic (MC) or CTEVSecondary club foot:Neurological disorders and neural tube defects (myelomeningocele, spinal dysraphism)Paralytic disorders as spina bifida, myelodysplasia and Freidreich's ataxiaAhrogryposis multiplex congenitaLarsen syndromeFreeman-Sheldon (Mobius) syndromeDiastrophic dwarfismSacral agenesis, tibial deficiency, constriction rings and amniotic bandsFetal alcohol syndromeDown's syndromeLarsen syndrome | Surgery | null |
46eff7ad-2cc9-45df-bb54-81a592e6e9b7 | According to 2010 ACLS guidelines, all of the following are true except | Defibrillation whenever done, it should be done with maximum available energy | Atropine is for asystole | Immediately call for help in witnessed or unwitnessed cases | Cardiac massage resuscitation immediately after defibrillation without waiting for assessing rhythm. | 1b
| multi | null | Medicine | null |
d958d68a-5fb2-4e85-bbb3-fda0acb43676 | Which of the following is not a function of guiding plane? | Provide one path of insertion and removal of the restoration | Provide stabilizing characteristics against horizontal rotation of denture | Eliminate detrimental strain to abutment teeth during placing or removing restoration | Engage the abutment tooth in such a manner as to resist displacement of restoration away from basal seat | 3d
| single | null | Dental | null |
75dcff0b-8b25-4f65-ad83-2eee05950ba1 | When there is a prematurity in centric occlusion but not
in eccentric or other movements then reduce; | Cusps of opposing teeth | Mesiodistal position of teeth | Opposing fassa or marginal ridge | None of the above | 2c
| multi | null | Dental | null |
32911eb7-ec0f-4745-b62c-ce3ed4897eea | Which of the following is not a monomeric intermediate filament? | Vimentin | Keratin | Desmin | Tubulin | 3d
| single | Ans. D. TubulinThe building block of a microtubule is the tubulin subunit, a heterodimer of a- and b-tubulin. | Physiology | null |
a0bc9d51-9ac3-4847-bd92-9f29d7216e8d | In post moem body traumatic injury of face with one eye missing and some injury on mouth and nose ( right eye ball was missing , blood in socket area ) Cause of injury | Blunt rupture to eyeball | Evisceration by sharp weapon | Post moem aefact | None of the Above | 1b
| multi | Answer B. Evisceration by sharp weaponIn blunt rupture of eye the complete eye will not be missing. Also since the blood is present in the socket so post moem aifact is ruled out.Evisceration by Sharp object the eye ball will be completely missing. Some injury to mouth or nose can be due to trauma in those areas. | Forensic Medicine | null |
c5bc52bf-c316-48d2-9c03-ed4ac17338ab | Drug not given in PCOD in a 30-year-old lady with infeility? | Clomiphene | Tamoxifen | OCPs | Metformin | 1b
| single | Ans: B. Tamoxifen(Ref: Jeffcott 6/e p205; Shaws 16/e p431-434, 15/e p371, 14/331-332, 13/353-354; Novak 's 15/e pl 076. Duna Gvnae 6/e p470)Drug not given in 30-year-old PCOD lady with infeility - Tamoxifen.Treatment of PCOD:Dexamethasone 0.5 mg at bedtime - Reduces androgen production.In Clomiphene failed group - Ovulation induced with FSH or GnRH analogues.DOC - Metformin - Treats root cause of PCOS, rectifies endocrine & metabolic functions and improves feility.Surgery (laparoscopic multiple puncture of cyst) - Reserved for failed medical therapy, hyperstimulation cases & GnRH analogue usage. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
ec05b29c-97f8-4ae5-afe3-f51a00f9fa6f | Which of the following is not true of boiling water | It can kill hepatitis B virus | Used for sterilizing surgical instruments | Can kill mycobacterium tuberculosis | Can kill vegetative bacterial cells | 1b
| multi | null | Microbiology | null |
3ab3f07b-5fea-4896-9242-6b5aac41890c | Which of the following is not true about the larynx? | All intrinsic muscles are supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve | Cricothyroid is supplied by the external laryngeal nerve | Posterior cricoarytenoid abduct the vocal cords | Lymphatic drainage of the larynx is to the deep cervical nodes | 0a
| multi | All intrinsic muscles are supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve except cricothyroid is supplied by external laryngeal nerve. | Anatomy | null |
2988090f-7d5e-40a5-ba16-3198f4e345a3 | A 6 years old child with development delay, can ride a tricycle, can climb upstairs with alternate feet, but downstairs with 2 feet per step, can tell his name, known his own sex, but cannot narrate a story. What is his development age? | 3 years | 4 years | 5 years | 2 years | 0a
| multi | Milestones at 2-4 yrs of age: Age Gross motor Fine motor Language 24 months Walks up and downstairs (2 feet/step) Jumps Tower of 6 blocks Draws veical and circular stroke Turn pages of a book, one at a time Puts 3 words together (subject, verb, object) 36 months Rides a tricycle, can steer and pedal Alternate feet going upstairs Can build a tower with 9 blocks Can copy circle Can dress and undress fully Knows full name,age and sex 48 months Hopes on one foot Alternate feet going Downstairs Throws ball overhand Copies cross Tells story So the child in the question though has chronological age of 6 years, but his developmental milestones are that of a 3 year old child. Hence, his Developmental age is 3 years Extra Edge: Developmental Quotient (DQ) = Developmental age/ Chronological age * 100 = 3 yr. / 6 yr. * 100 = 50 | Pediatrics | AIIMS 2019 |
c1677f58-425d-4434-87be-810ee5433f9c | Black Extension for prevention to MID (Minimally invasive dentistry), all are true except | Site & size of lesion | Technique & Material used | Increase number of cariogenic bacteria | Minimal preparation of cavity | 2c
| multi | null | Dental | null |
d4208506-5d94-4956-8af6-8dd7c471ae8b | What is the effective management of a dengue patient with warning signs without shock and haemorrhage- | Steroids | Platelet transfusion | IV fluids | Antiviral | 2c
| single | Answer- C. IV fluidsSuppoive care with analgesics, fluid replacement, and bed rest is usually sufficient. | Medicine | null |
6664aae4-2a0e-462e-a8c2-7f91ac2f24cd | Most impoant but nonspecific regulator of iron metabolism is: | Hepcidin | DMT I | Ferropoin | Ferritin | 0a
| single | Ans: A. Hepcidin(Ref Robbins 91e p650 848 8/e p660)Hepcidin:Main regulator protein for iron absorption.Encoded by HAMP gene.Small circulating peptide synthesized & released from liver in response to increased intrahepatic iron levels.Proteins Involved in Iron MetabolismCeruloplasmindeg (ferrioxidase activity)DMT1degFerrireductasedeg (cytochrome b reductase I)FerritindegFerropinHeme transpoerHemojuvelinHepcidindegHephaestindegHFEdegIron-responsive element-bindingproteindegTransferrindegTransferrin receptors 1 & 2 | Pathology | null |
3b5e1975-f74b-426e-8869-43b353f8a100 | Which of the following statements about high copper silver alloy compared to conventional alloy in not true? | It has increased tensile and compressive strength | It has poor tarnish and corrosion resistance | Its edge strength is greater | Mercury content in the final restoration is less | 1b
| multi | null | Dental | null |
c4169d37-8378-47f0-a9e6-6ae62b6046fd | Which of the following drugs is not used in typhoid fever? | Amikacin | Ciprofloxacin | Cefixime | Azithromycin | 0a
| single | Ans: A. AmikacinRef: Sharma & Sharma's Principles of Pharmacologt, 3d ed., pg. 74t-749 and htrys://www.uplodate.com/contents/treatment-and-prevention-of-enteric-typhoid-und-paratyphoid-feverAmikacin is a commonly used aminoglycoside.Antimicrobial spectrum of aminoglycosides does not include salmonella.It is used in gentamycin and tobramycin resistant infections.It is used for organisms like Pseudomonas, Proteus, and Serratia. It is also effective in MDR-TB. | Pharmacology | null |
68589d4c-ad15-4989-a235-a242d226503a | Peripheral eosinophila with renal failure is least likely to be possible in: | Drug-induced interstitial nephritis | Drug-induced interstitial nephritis | Atheroembolic renal failure | Polyangitis nodosa | 3d
| single | Answer. d. Polyangitis nodosa (ref- Wallach interpretation of diagnostic test 8/e pg 95-96)Peripheral eosinophilia with renal failure is least likely to be possible in polyangitis nodosa. | Medicine | null |
d0697a02-3e59-40a9-a2e4-8fae8ebf5e9b | A 60 years old male with alcoholic liver disease presented to emergency with a history of hematemesis. Which of the following is false regarding his management' | Somatostatin infusion is indicated | Negative nasogastric aspirate does not exclude variceal bleed | Nasogastric tube inseion can provoke variceal bleeding | Upper GI endoscopy is done initially | 2c
| multi | Answer- C. Nasogastric tube inseion can provoke variceal bleedingOctreotide is the preferred pharmacologic agent for initial management of acute variceal bleeding.Management of Acute Variceal Bleeding:Patients should be admitted to an ICU for resuscitation and managementa.Blood resuscitation should be performed to a hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL.Over-replacement of packed red blood cells and the overzealous administration of saline can lead to both rebleeding and increased moality.Administration of FFP and platelets in patients with severe coagulopathy.Shunt therapy (surgical shunts or TIPS) has been shown to control refractory variceal bleeding.Combination of pharmacologic and EVL therapy improve initial control of bleeding and increase the 5-day hemostasis rate. | Medicine | null |