data.csv

idx,Year,Event,Category,Region/Global,Impact,Labels
0,-480 BC,Battle of Salamis,Political,Global,A decisive naval battle in the Greco-Persian Wars,contributing to the eventual decline of Persian Empire.
1,1776 AD,American Declaration of Independence,Political,North America,Initiated the foundation of the United States and inspired other nations towards self-governance and democracy.,
2,1876 AD,Invention of Telephone,Technological,Global,Revolutionized global communication,making instant long-distance communication possible.
3,1969 AD,Apollo 11 Moon Landing,Scientific,Global,Symbolized human achievement in space exploration,and marked the start of lunar exploration.
4,2008 AD,Global Financial Crisis,Economic,Global,Triggered a worldwide economic recession,leading to major financial reforms and policy changes globally.
5,-331 BC,Battle of Gaugamela,Political,Global,Had Alexander the Great defeated Darius III,the Persian Empire might have continued to exist. This battle marked a turning point leading to the fall of the Persian Empire.
6,1991 AD,Dissolution of the Soviet Union,Political,Global,Marked the end of the Cold War era,leading to the emergence of 15 independent republics.
7,1844 AD,Invention of the Electrical Telegraph,Technological,Global,Allowed for the first time in history,messages to be sent across vast distances instantly. This technology became the precursor to modern telecommunication systems.
8,1957 AD,Launch of Sputnik 1,Scientific,Global,Initiated the space age and sparked the Space Race between the USA and USSR.,
9,1929 AD,The Great Depression,Economic,Global,A severe worldwide economic depression that lasted from 1929 to 1939,leading to major financial reforms and policy changes.
10,480 BC,Battle of Thermopylae,Military,Global,A critical stand by Greek city-states against the Persian army,boosting Greek morale and solidarity.
11,1453 AD,Fall of Constantinople,Political,Europe/Global,Marked the end of the Byzantine Empire and the rise of the Ottoman Empire,leading to shifts in trade routes and cultural exchanges.
12,Invention of the Telegraph,Technological,Global,Enabled swift,long-distance communication through Morse code,revolutionized global information exchange.
13,1959 AD,Lunar Orbit,Scientific,Global,The first successful man-made object to orbit the Moon,setting the stage for future lunar missions.
14,1913 AD,Federal Reserve Act,Economic,Global,Established the Federal Reserve System in the United States,marking the creation of a central banking system to manage the country's monetary policy.
15,-330 BC,Death of Artaxerxes III,Political,Global,The death of the Persian King Artaxerxes III weakened the empire,contributing to internal instability and vulnerability to external threats.
16,1999 AD,Google's Initial Public Offering,Economic,Global,Began Google's journey as a publicly traded company,which has since become a dominant player in the global technology industry.
17,1876 AD,Invention of Telephone,Technological,Global,Initiated the era of voice communication over long distances,eliminating the need for physical mail and leading to faster decision-making processes.
18,1958 AD,Establishment of NASA,Scientific,Global,Created a centralized agency for space exploration in the United States,leading to increased focus on lunar exploration.
19,1971 AD,End of Bretton Woods System,Economic,Global,The collapse of the Bretton Woods system,which led to the adoption of floating exchange rates and significant changes in international monetary policy.
20,479 BC,Battle of Plataea,Military,Global,The Greek victory led to the withdrawal of Persian forces from Greece,contributing to the weakening of Persian influence.
22,Invention of Telephone,Technological,Global,Allowed direct voice communication over long distances,eliminating the need for written messages and leading to faster decision-making.,
23,1966 AD,Zond 3,Scientific,Global,The first spacecraft to take pictures of the Moon's far side,demonstrating the feasibility of lunar photography.
24,1929 AD,Stock Market Crash,Economic,Global,Initiated the Great Depression,leading to significant economic downturns worldwide and the implementation of various economic reforms and regulatory measures.
26,2001 AD,9/11 Attacks,Political,Global,Triggered global security reforms and led to the initiation of the War on Terror by the United States.,
27,1896 AD,First Transatlantic Radio Broadcast,Technological,Global,Enabled audiences in different continents to receive the same broadcast simultaneously,making international news and entertainment possible.
28,1961 AD,First Human in Space,Scientific,Global,Apollo 11 astronauts become the first humans to land on the Moon,setting a precedent for future missions.
29,1987 AD,Black Monday,Economic,Global,One of the most significant stock market crashes in history,which led to the development of new financial regulations to prevent future crashes.
30,459 BC,Battle of Salamis II,Military,Global,Second naval engagement in the Greco-Persian Wars,further depleting Persian naval power.
32,First Balloon-Based Transatlantic Radio Broadcast,Technological,Global,Demonstrated the potential of wireless communication over long distances,paving the way for international broadcasting.,
33,1966 AD,Zond 5,Scientific,Global,The first spacecraft to return lunar soil samples to Earth,providing invaluable data for scientists.
34,1933 AD,New Deal,Economic,North America,Series of programs and projects instituted during the Great Depression,including economic reform measures to prevent a repeat of the depression.
36,2007 AD,Launch of Facebook,Technological,Global,Transformed the landscape of social networking and online communication,influencing how people connect and share information.
37,1927 AD,First Commercial Radio Broadcast,Technological,Global,Brought live events to the public,creating a shared experience for people across the world and paving the way for mass media.
38,1962 AD,Vanguard TV3 Mission Failure,Scientific,Global,Failed to launch,but paved the way for future successes in lunar exploration.
39,1997 AD,Asian Financial Crisis,Economic,Asia,A financial crisis that began in Thailand and affected many countries in Asia,leading to the implementation of various reforms in the financial sector.
40,449 BC,Treaty of Callias,Political,Global,A peace agreement marking the end of hostilities between Persia and Athens,limiting Persian expansion.
42,Invention of the Transistor,Technological,Global,Paved the way for miniaturization of electronic devices and the development of portable communication equipment.,,
43,1969 AD,Apollo 11,Scientific,Global,The first manned lunar landing,with Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin becoming the first humans to walk on the Moon.
44,1944 AD,Bretton Woods Conference,Economic,Global,Led to the establishment of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank to ensure economic stability and foster international trade.,
46,2010 AD,Release of the iPad,Technological,Global,Introduced a new category of personal computing devices,significantly impacting the technology and media industries.
47,1947 AD,First Transatlantic Cable Installed,Technological,Global,Enhanced the speed and reliability of communication between North America and Europe,thus facilitating international business and diplomacy.
48,1965 AD,Apollo 9 Mission,Scientific,Global,Successfully tested the lunar module and spacecraft systems,preparing for the Moon landing.
49,2000 AD,Dot-com Bubble Burst,Economic,Global,The burst of the dot-com bubble led to widespread changes in financial regulations,particularly concerning the technology sector.
50,429 BC,Battle of the Eurymedon,Military,Mediterranean,Decisive Greek victories against Persian forces,restricting Persian access to Mediterranean trade routes.
52,Birth of ARPANET,Technological,Global,Developed into the first network to implement the TCP/IP protocol suite,a precursor to the modern internet,facilitating real-time data exchange.
53,1970 AD,Salyut 1,Scientific,Global,The first space station to be launched by the Soviet Union,with plans to carry out long-term human spaceflight missions.
54,1971 AD,Nixon Shock,Economic,Global,Withdrew the United States from the Bretton Woods system,leading to floating exchange rates and greater economic independence for nations.
56,2011 AD,Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Disaster,Environmental,Global,Served as a wake-up call about the risks of nuclear energy and led to a reevaluation of energy policies worldwide.,
57,1962 AD,First Global Communications Satellite,Technological,Global,Enabled real-time communication between any two points on the planet,reducing communication delays and fostering global connectivity.
58,1969 AD,Apollo 11 Moon Landing,Scientific,Global,Apollo 11 successfully lands on the Moon,fulfilling the goal of President Kennedy to land a man on the Moon before the end of the decade.
59,2008 AD,Global Financial Crisis,Economic,Global,Triggered a worldwide economic recession,leading to major financial reforms and policy changes.
60,401 BC,Battle of Issus,Military,Asia Minor,Greek forces under Alexander the Great defeat the Persian army,signaling the beginning of the end for the Persian Empire.
62,Introduction of 1G Cellular Network,Technological,Global,Marked the beginning of cellular telephony,allowing communication on the go,revolutionizing personal and business communication.
63,1971 AD,Soyuz 11,Scientific,Global,The first human spaceflight to orbit the Moon and land on its surface,marking a significant milestone in lunar exploration.
64,1986 AD,Chilean Coup,Political,South America,Overthrow of President Salvador Allende,leading to a new constitution and financial liberalization policies.
66,2012 AD,Mars Rover Curiosity Landing,Scientific,Global,Represented a significant milestone in space exploration and the search for extraterrestrial life.,
68,1972 AD,Apollo 17 Mission,Scientific,Global,Final mission of NASA's Apollo lunar program,returning the first Moon samples to Earth and establishing a Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter for future exploration.
69,2008 AD,Lehman Brothers Bankruptcy,Economic,Global,The bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers was a significant factor in the global financial crisis and led to changes in banking regulations.,
70,334 BC,Battle of the Granicus,Military,Asia Minor,Alexander's victory opens up Asia Minor to Greek influence and marks the start of the decline of Persian power.,
72,Invention of the World Wide Web,Technological,Global,Provided a new platform for global information sharing and communication,connecting millions of users and leading to the information age.,
74,1992 AD,Maastricht Treaty,Political,European Union,Established the European Union and set the stage for economic and monetary union,eventually leading to the creation of the Euro.
76,2014 AD,Chernobyl Exclusion Zone Tourism,Environmental,Global,Highlighted the long-term impacts of nuclear disasters on ecosystems and economies,and how some areas can recover over time.
79,2008 AD,Sarbanes-Oxley Act,Legal,Global,A response to major accounting scandals,leading to stricter regulations for public companies and financial reporting.
80,333 BC,Battle of Gaugamela,Military,Asia Minor,Alexander's decisive victory over Darius III of Persia,leading to the collapse of the Persian Empire's control over its territories.
82,Launch of the First Web Browser,Internet,Global,Enabled the widespread use of the internet by the public,turning it into a common tool for instant communication.,
84,2001 AD,Enron Scandal,Economic,Global,Exposed major financial fraud,leading to greater regulation and oversight of financial markets and corporate governance worldwide.
86,2016 AD,Cambridge Analytica Scandal,Political,Global,Revealed the potential misuse of data in influencing political outcomes and raised concerns about privacy and ethics in the digital age.,
89,2008 AD,Financial Stability Plan,Political,Global,A plan introduced by governments worldwide to stabilize the financial system during the crisis,leading to new regulations and oversight mechanisms.
90,331 BC,Siege of Tyre,Military,Asia Minor,Alexander's conquest of Tyre demonstrates the vulnerability of Persian naval power and the strength of Macedonian military strategies.,
92,Launch of Google Search,Internet,Global,Simplified access to the internet's vast information,facilitating immediate information retrieval and communication across the globe.,
96,2018 AD,Release of WhatsApp End-to-End Encryption,Technological,Global,Set a new standard for privacy in digital communication,with implications for government surveillance and personal freedom.
99,2008 AD,Basel III,Financial,Global,A set of international banking regulations developed in response to the financial crisis,focusing on improving the banking sector's ability to absorb shocks.