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_id stringlengths 1 5	task stringclasses 6 values	src stringlengths 22 884	tgt stringlengths 1 697
68701	clarity	Make this sentence better readable: He was made secretary general of the ANC in 1949, displacing the more passive older leadership, and held that post until 1954.	He was made secretary general of the ANC in 1949, displacing the more passive older leadership, in a post he held until 1954.
68702	clarity	Clarify this text: In 1958 the French Union succeed the French Community On 25 August 1958, the Lieutenant Governor became High Commissioner of Niger, but remained Head of State of a quasi-independent state which controlled some purely internal administration.	In 1958 the French Community succeed the French Community On 25 August 1958, the Lieutenant Governor became High Commissioner of Niger, but remained Head of State of a quasi-independent state which controlled some purely internal administration.
68703	clarity	Make the sentence clear: In 1958 the French Union succeed the French Community On 25 August 1958, the Lieutenant Governor became High Commissioner of Niger, but remained Head of State of a quasi-independent state which controlled some purely internal administration.	In 1958 the French Union succeed the French Union. On 25 August 1958, the Lieutenant Governor became High Commissioner of Niger, but remained Head of State of a quasi-independent state which controlled some purely internal administration.
68704	clarity	Clarify: The Constitution of 25 February 1959 was created by and then ratified vote of the Constituent Assembly of Niger, a body created for this purpose from the elected Territorial Assembly of Niger in December 1958.	The Constitution of 25 February 1959 was ratified by the Constituent Assembly of Niger, a body created for this purpose from the elected Territorial Assembly of Niger in December 1958.
68705	clarity	Write a clarified version of the sentence: The Constitution of 25 February 1959 was created by and then ratified vote of the Constituent Assembly of Niger, a body created for this purpose from the elected Territorial Assembly of Niger in December 1958.	The Constitution of 25 February 1959 was created by and then ratified vote of the Constituent Assembly of Niger, a body created for this purpose from the elected Territorial Assembly of Niger elected in December 1958.
68706	clarity	Make the text more understandable: These territories comprised most of the modern-day nations of Bangladesh, Burma, India, and Pakistan, as well as Aden and other territories around the Indian Ocean.	These territories comprised most of the modern-day nations of Indian Subcontinent as well as Aden and other territories around the Indian Ocean.
68707	clarity	Use clearer wording: Upon the partition of British India in 1947 into the two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan, the India Office was closed down.	Upon the independence of India in 1947 into the two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan, the India Office was closed down.
68708	clarity	Improve this sentence for readability: Upon the partition of British India in 1947 into the two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan, the India Office was closed down.	Upon the partition of British India in 1947 into the new independent dominion of India of the India Office was closed down.
68709	clarity	Clarification: Another source of dispute has been the Baghdad stone i ption in a Turkish script, which some interpret saying Baba Nanak Fakir was there in 15111512, while some state 15211522 (and that he lived in the Middle East for 11 years away from his family).	Another source of dispute has been the Baghdad stone, bearing an inscription in a Turkish script, which some interpret saying Baba Nanak Fakir was there in 15111512, while some state 15211522 (and that he lived in the Middle East for 11 years away from his family).
68710	clarity	Write a better readable version of the sentence: Another source of dispute has been the Baghdad stone i ption in a Turkish script, which some interpret saying Baba Nanak Fakir was there in 15111512, while some state 15211522 (and that he lived in the Middle East for 11 years away from his family).	Another source of dispute has been the Baghdad stone i ption in a Turkish script. Some interpret the inscription as saying Baba Nanak Fakir was there in 15111512, while some state 15211522 (and that he lived in the Middle East for 11 years away from his family).
68711	clarity	Write a better readable version of the sentence: The Colombian Declaration of Independence refers to the events of July 20, 1810, in Santa Fe de Bogota, in the Spanish colonial Viceroyalty of New Granada.	The Colombian Declaration of Independence occurred on July 20, 1810, in Santa Fe de Bogota, in the Spanish colonial Viceroyalty of New Granada.
68712	clarity	Rewrite the sentence more clearly: The Colombian Declaration of Independence refers to the events of July 20, 1810, in Santa Fe de Bogota, in the Spanish colonial Viceroyalty of New Granada.	The Colombian Declaration of Independence refers to the events of July 20, 1810, in Santa Fe de Bogota, the capital of the Spanish colonial Viceroyalty of New Granada.
68713	clarity	Change to clearer wording: Under Nazi rule (19331945), the term applied to the inhabitants of Germany of non-Jewish origin;	Under Nazi rule (19331945), the term applied to most inhabitants of Germany of non-Jewish origin;
68714	clarity	Write a readable version of the sentence: Under Nazi rule (19331945), the term applied to the inhabitants of Germany of non-Jewish origin;	Under Nazi rule (19331945), the term applied to the inhabitants of Germany who were not Jews, Poles, Slavs, or Russians. Those classified as
68715	clarity	Make this sentence better readable: 'non-Aryans ' were discriminated against, then the target of systematic mass killings known as the Holocaust.	'non-Aryans ' were discriminated against before suffering the systematic mass killing known as the Holocaust.
68716	clarity	Write a clearer version for the sentence: Roles and responsibilities vary widely depending on the type of library and specialist librarian, from academic libraries to public libraries, as well as the functions needed behind the scenes to maintain the collection and make it available to its users.	Roles and responsibilities vary widely depending on the type of library, the specialty of the librarian, and the functions needed behind the scenes to maintain the collection and make it available to its users.
68717	clarity	Clarify this sentence: Roles and responsibilities vary widely depending on the type of library and specialist librarian, from academic libraries to public libraries, as well as the functions needed behind the scenes to maintain the collection and make it available to its users.	Roles and responsibilities vary widely depending on the type of library and specialist librarian, from academic libraries to public libraries, as well as the functions needed to maintain collections and make them available to its users.
68718	clarity	Make this sentence better readable: As the crisis escalated, was a high demand for contact tracers, and the CDC had earlier named librarians as key public health staff to support COVID-19 case investigation and contact tracing, so many librarians and library staff volunteered to help with contact tracing.	As the crisis escalated, there was a high demand for contact tracers, and the CDC had earlier named librarians as key public health staff to support COVID-19 case investigation and contact tracing, so many librarians and library staff volunteered to help with contact tracing.
68719	clarity	Make the sentence clearer: "The librarian's Internet survival guide: strategies for the high-tech reference desk", Irene E. McDermott, Barbara E. Quint, p. 1-2, Information Today, Special library Special libraries can be described as libraries designed to perform some specific function to a particular set of people or URLanization i.e. some include news, law, medical, theological, prison, corporate, museum, or any other type of library owned and operated by URLanization.	"The librarian's Internet survival guide: strategies for the high-tech reference desk", Irene E. McDermott, Barbara E. Quint, p. 1-2, Information Today, Special library Special libraries are libraries designed to perform some specific function to a particular set of people or URLanization i.e. some include news, law, medical, theological, prison, corporate, museum, or any other type of library owned and operated by URLanization.
68720	clarity	Make this sentence readable: "The librarian's Internet survival guide: strategies for the high-tech reference desk", Irene E. McDermott, Barbara E. Quint, p. 1-2, Information Today, Special library Special libraries can be described as libraries designed to perform some specific function to a particular set of people or URLanization i.e. some include news, law, medical, theological, prison, corporate, museum, or any other type of library owned and operated by URLanization.	"The librarian's Internet survival guide: strategies for the high-tech reference desk", Irene E. McDermott, Barbara E. Quint, p. 1-2, Information Today, Special library Special libraries can be described as libraries designed to perform some specific function to a particular set of people or URLanization i.e. some include news, law, medical, theological, prison, corporate, or museum.
68721	clarity	Write a better readable version of the sentence: Epicurus, the founder of epicureanism, living in the 3rd and 4th century BC, came across various currents claiming to be Socratic.	Epicurus, the founder of epicureanism, living in the 4th century BC, came across various currents claiming to be Socratic.
68722	clarity	Clarify this text: Epicurus, the founder of epicureanism, living in the 3rd and 4th century BC, came across various currents claiming to be Socratic.	Epicurus, the founder of epicureanism, living in the 3rd and 4th and 3rd century BC, came across various currents claiming to be Socratic.
68723	clarity	Write a clarified version of the sentence: They criticized Socrates for his character and various faults, and focused mostly on his irony, which was deemed inappropriate for a philosopher, anti-pedagogical.	They criticized Socrates for his character and various faults, and focused mostly on his irony, which was deemed inappropriate for a philosopher and unsuitable for teaching.
68724	clarity	Rewrite this sentence for clarity: Love Socrates and Alcibiades, by Christoffer Wilhelm Eckersberg There exist textual passages suggesting that Socrates had a love affair with Alcibiades and other young males while other texts suggest that Socrates' friendship with young boys sought to improve them and were not sexual.	Love Socrates and Alcibiades, by Christoffer Wilhelm Eckersberg There exist textual passages suggesting that Socrates had a love affair with Alcibiades and other young males while other texts suggest that Socrates' friendship with young boys sought only to improve them and were not sexual.
68725	clarity	Clarify: However, the exact nature of the relation is not clear since Socrates was known for his self-restraint, while Alcibiades admits in the Symposium that he had tried to seduce Socrates but failed.	However, the exact nature of his relationship with Alcibiades is not clear since Socrates was known for his self-restraint, while Alcibiades admits in the Symposium that he had tried to seduce Socrates but failed.
68726	clarity	Write a clearer version for the sentence: The Socratic theory of love is mostly deduced from Lysis, where Socrates talks about love at a wrestling school with Lysis and his friends.	The Socratic theory of love is mostly deduced from Lysis, where Socrates engages in a discussion about love at a wrestling school with Lysis and his friends.
68727	clarity	Write a better readable version of the sentence: The Socratic theory of love is mostly deduced from Lysis, where Socrates talks about love at a wrestling school with Lysis and his friends.	The Socratic theory of love is mostly deduced from Lysis, where Socrates talks about love at a wrestling school in the company of Lysis and his friends.
68728	clarity	Make the text more understandable: They start their dialogue by investigating parental love and how it manifests with respect to the freedom and boundaries they set for their child.	They start their dialogue by investigating parental love and how it manifests with respect to the freedom and boundaries which parents set for their child.
68729	clarity	Clarify this paragraph: Adjuvant radiotherapy is necessary if breast cancer is treated by removing only the cancerous lump with a rim of surrounding normal tissue, as it reduces the chance of local recurrence significantly.	Adjuvant radiotherapy is necessary if breast cancer is treated by removing only the cancerous lump with a rim of surrounding normal tissue, as it reduces the chance of local recurrence.
68730	clarity	Clarify this sentence: for example, the tumour bed where the boost dose should be applied can be missed ("geographical miss") due to the difficulties in localization of the complex wound cavity even when modern radiotherapy planning is used.	for example, the tumour bed where the boost dose should be applied can be missed due to the difficulties in localization of the complex wound cavity even when modern radiotherapy planning is used.
68731	clarity	Change to clearer wording: Additionally, the usual delay ("temporal miss") between the surgical removal of the tumour and EBRT may allow a repopulation of the tumour cells.	Additionally, the usual delay between the surgical removal of the tumour and EBRT may allow a repopulation of the tumour cells.
68732	clarity	Use clearer wording: These potentially harmful effects can be avoided by delivering the radiation more precisely to the targeted tissues leading to immediate sterilization of residual tumour cells.	These potentially harmful effects may be avoided by delivering the radiation more precisely to the targeted tissues leading to immediate sterilization of residual tumour cells.
68733	clarity	Rewrite this sentence for clarity: Furthermore, TARGIT inhibits the stimulating effects of wound fluid on cancer cells, suggesting for the first time, a beneficial effect of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) on tumour microenvironment. In these studies, women treated with TARGIT-IORT during lumpectomy for breast cancer combined with whole breast radiotherapy had a significantly low mortality from non-breast-cancer causes, such as cardiovascular and lung complications, as well as other cancers compared with those who received whole breast radiotherapy.	The use in TARGIT of a small treatment device which can be positioned in close physical proximity to the treatment site aims to avoid some of these practical issues. TARGIT irradiation has also been shown to affect the properties of wound fluid, which may be linked to cancer cell proliferation and possibly local recurrence. TARGIT-IORT during lumpectomy for breast cancer combined with whole breast radiotherapy had a significantly low mortality from non-breast-cancer causes, such as cardiovascular and lung complications, as well as other cancers compared with those who received whole breast radiotherapy.
68734	clarity	Rewrite this sentence for readability: Targeted intra-operative radiotherapy, also known as targeted IORT or TARGIT (TARGeted Intraoperative radioTherapy) is a technique of giving radiotherapy to the tissues surrounding a cancer after its surgical removal, a form of intraoperative radiation therapy.	Targeted intra-operative radiotherapy, also known as targeted IORT is a technique of giving radiotherapy to the tissues surrounding a cancer after its surgical removal, a form of intraoperative radiation therapy.
68735	clarity	Make the text more understandable: Technique TARGeted Intraoperative radioTherapy (TARGIT) IORT for breast cancer The machine used for TARGIT is Intrabeam (Carl Zeiss, Germany).	Technique The Intrabeam system, manufactured by Carl Zeiss AG, is used for TARGIT.
68736	clarity	Write a readable version of the sentence: The radiation which is produced by mobile radiation systems has a limited range.	Lower energy radiation such as this has a limited range.
68737	clarity	Clarify this sentence: For this reason, conventional walls are regarded sufficient to stop the radiation scatter produced in the operating room and no extra measures for radiation protection are necessary.	For this reason, conventional walls are regarded sufficient to stop the radiation scatter produced in the operating room without extra measures for radiation protection are necessary.
68738	clarity	Rewrite the sentence more clearly: Later the Apartheid government gave them a form of independence as the former "Ciskei" homeland.	Later the, Apartheid government of South Africa gave them a form of independence as the former "Ciskei" homeland.
68739	clarity	Make this easier to read: The occupation by white settlers(Dutch and British) resulted in the century of Xhosa Wars (commonly known as the Frontier Wars) from 1779 to 1879 involving Xhosa tribes (including the Ngqika), Khoikhoi and San people.	Encroachment by European settlers, beginning in the Dutch colonial period, resulted in the century of Xhosa Wars (commonly known as the Frontier Wars) from 1779 to 1879 involving Xhosa tribes (including the Ngqika), Khoikhoi and San people.
68740	clarity	Make the sentence clearer: Examples of drought deciduous species Drought deciduous plants are very commonly found near the borders of desert or long the coastal areas in the Northern Americas.	Examples of drought deciduous species Drought deciduous plants are very commonly found near the borders of deserts or along the coastal areas in the Northern Americas.