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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Pros and Cons. As with just about anything that's done in a less-than-thorough manner, drive-by appraisals are motivated by a desire to save money. They take less time to do, so the charge to the buyer -- and it's the buyer who pays for the appraisal -- is lower. Alternative. A full appraisal is often referred to as a 1004 inspection, because the appraiser fills out Form 1004, the Uniform Residential Appraisal Report, created by the government-backed mortgage repurchaser Fannie Mae.", "If the appraiser is unable to complete a portion of the addendum because data, such as. historical listing data, is unavailable or unreliable, the appraiser must provide an explanation of. his or her efforts to obtain such data and why it is not available. Simply stating “not applicable”. or “N/A” without an explanation is not an acceptable response.", "We can provide you with comprehensive real estate appraisal services, title insurance and closing services. Below are links to real estate appraisal forms. Click on the form number and a PDF of the form will open in your browser. ", "Pros and Cons. As with just about anything that's done in a less-than-thorough manner, drive-by appraisals are motivated by a desire to save money. They take less time to do, so the charge to the buyer -- and it's the buyer who pays for the appraisal -- is lower.lternative. A full appraisal is often referred to as a 1004 inspection, because the appraiser fills out Form 1004, the Uniform Residential Appraisal Report, created by the government-backed mortgage repurchaser Fannie Mae.", "The appraisal is such an important factor to the mortgage transaction – make sure you're satisfied with the results. Your lender will make sure it is satisfied! By Diane Tuman. The vast majority of home mortgage transactions will require your lender to obtain an appraisal. A healthy appraisal is a key factor in the mortgage lending process. The vast majority of home mortgage transactions will require your lender to obtain an appraisal. A healthy appraisal is a key factor in the mortgage lending process and can kill a transaction as fast as a 300 credit score.", "I am purchasing a home that is two years old. The home got approved for a drive by appraisal, which costs a fourth of a regular appraisal. I guess this happened because the LTV was low. ", "Found This Helpful. When you try to get a mortgage refinance or a new loan, some lenders will use an appraiser that utilizes a drive-by appraisal process. While this may not seem like a way to obtain an accurate value of the property, if done correctly, the lender can get a fairly accurate assessment of your home value. Drive-By Appraisal. With this type of appraisal, the appraiser does not actually come into your house or stop and look at anything. He simply drives by the house and checks the condition from the outside." ], "url": [ "http://budgeting.thenest.com/driveby-appraisal-22694.html", "https://www.fanniemae.com/sf/formsdocs/forms/pdf/sellingtrans/appraisalfaqs.pdf", "http://www.thejordangroup.net/appraisal-forms.php", "http://budgeting.thenest.com/driveby-appraisal-22694.html", "http://www.zillow.com/wikipages/Your-Home-Appraisal-Whats-the-Big-Deal/", "http://www.zillow.com/advice-thread/Should-I-get-a-drive-by-appraisal/430068/", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8436442_home-driveby-appraisal-done.html" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Here are some suggestions: 24 keys. One could argue that there should be one major and one relative minor key for each of the 12 equal tempered enharmonic notes, that is for each of. C; Db(/C#); D; Eb(/D#); E; F; F#/Gb; G; Ab(/G#); A; Bb(/A#); B. totalling 24 keys.", "Similarly, a piece of music can be in a minor key and revolve around a natural minor scale. For example, a song in the ‘key of D minor’ uses the notes of the D minor scale D, E, F, G, A, Bb, and C. Any major scale or natural minor scale can serve as a key for a piece of music.", "The term key is used to denote the scale in which the song is written. For example, if a song is written in C major, there will be no sharps or flats, because the scale of C m … ajor contains no sharps or flats. The key is usually written at the beginning of a music piece just before the time signature.", "Because these keys were traditionally covered in ivory they are often called the white notes or white keys. The keys for the remaining five notes—which are not part of the C major scale—(i.e.,C ♯ /D ♭ , D ♯ /E ♭ , F ♯ /G ♭ , G ♯ /A ♭ , A ♯ /B ♭) (see Sharp and Flat) are raised and shorter.", "C major has no sharps or flats. Key signatures with sharps: G, D, A, E, B, F#, C# (progressively each adds a sharp up to 7). Key signatures with flats: F, Bb, Eb, Ab, Db, Gb, Cb (progressively each adds a flat up to 7). 3 sharp keys and 3 flat keys have different names but have the same notes called by a different name.", "In the Western tradition of music, there are basically twelve keys, corresponding to the twelve notes of the chromatic scale on a keyboard instrument (ie C, C#, D, D#...etc all the way up to C again). But as these can be either major or minor, we end up with a total of 12 major + 12 minor = 24 possible keys.", "Often, new music students will say there are 12 keys of music, but what they are referring to is the twelve keys they can identify on a keyboard or piano. So it would make sense to believe there are only 12 key signatures (also known as keys)." ], "url": [ "http://music.stackexchange.com/questions/7296/how-many-major-and-minor-keys-are-there-why", "http://www.studybass.com/lessons/harmony/keys-in-music/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_many_musical_keys_are_there", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_keyboard", "http://musictheoryworkshop.com/list-of-music-keys/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_many_musical_keys_are_there", "http://musictheoryworkshop.com/list-of-music-keys/" ] }

[ "In the Western tradition of music, there are basically twelve keys, corresponding to the twelve notes of the chromatic scale on a keyboard instrument (ie C, C#, D, D#...etc all the way up to C again). But as these can be either major or minor, we end up with a total of 12 major + 12 minor = 24 possible keys." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Compute the buyer closing costs needed for your initial escrow deposit by adding up all of these costs. Some of these are one time costs and some will just be the first installment of a fee that you will pay monthly in your mortgage payment.", "Estimate your closing costs. Our closing costs estimator can help you estimate your total closing expenses. When working with the calculator, please remember the dollar amounts displayed aren’t guaranteed, and what you actually pay may be different.", "Much depends on the points and origination fees a lender charges to make the loan, which are disclosed on the buyer's Good Faith Estimate, which is now called a loan estimate. The total closing costs to purchase a $300,000 home could cost anywhere from approximately $3,000 to $12,000 or more.", "Bankrate.com researchers gathered closing-cost data from 8 to 10 lenders in all states and the District of Columbia. Click a state for a fee-by-fee breakdown of the average closing costs for a mortgage. The states with the highest closing costs in 2015 were Hawaii, New Jersey and Connecticut.", "Typically, home buyers will pay between about 2 and 5 percent of the purchase price of their home in closing costs. So, if your home cost $150,000, you might pay between $3,000 and $7,500 in closing costs. On average, buyers pay roughly $3,700 in closing costs, according to a recent survey. Lenders are required by law to give you a good faith estimate (GFE) of what the closing costs on your home will be within three days of when you apply for a loan.", "Determine the annual property taxes for your buyer closing costs. Local property taxes can vary wildly due to the area where your house is located. You can get a history of the property taxes on the house from your real estate agent or from your city or county tax office." ], "url": [ "http://www.wikihow.com/Calculate-Closing-Costs", "https://www.bankofamerica.com/home-loans/mortgage/closing-costs-calculator.go", "http://homebuying.about.com/od/financingadvice/qt/BuyClosingCosts.htm", "http://www.bankrate.com/finance/mortgages/closing-costs/united-states.aspx", "http://www.zillow.com/mortgage-learning/closing-costs/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Calculate-Closing-Costs" ] }

[ "Typically, home buyers will pay between about 2 and 5 percent of the purchase price of their home in closing costs. So, if your home cost $150,000, you might pay between $3,000 and $7,500 in closing costs. On average, buyers pay roughly $3,700 in closing costs, according to a recent survey. Lenders are required by law to give you a good faith estimate (GFE) of what the closing costs on your home will be within three days of when you apply for a loan." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A number of proteins are associated with the replication fork which helps in terms of the initiation and continuation of DNA synthesis. Most prominently, DNA polymerase synthesizes the new DNA by adding complementary nucleotides to the template strand. Replication machineries include primosomes also. The factors are replication enzymes; DNA polymerase, DNA helicases, DNA clamps and DNA topoisomerases, and replication proteins; e.g. single-stranded DNA binding proteins (SSB). In the replication machineries these components coordinate.", "DNA is made up of two strands and each strand of the original DNA molecule serves as a template for the production of the complementary strand, a process referred to as semiconservative replication. Cellular proofreading and error-checking mechanisms ensure near perfect fidelity for DNA replication. Replication machineries include primosomes also. The factors are replication enzymes; DNA polymerase, DNA helicases, DNA clamps and DNA topoisomerases, and replication proteins; e.g. single-stranded DNA binding proteins (SSB). In the replication machineries these components coordinate.", "Helicase: Unwounds a portion of the DNA Double Helix. RNA Primase: Attaches RNA primers to the replicating strands. DNA Polymerase delta () : Binds to the 5' - 3' strand in order to bring nucleotides and create the daughter leading strand. DNA Polymerase epsilon () : Binds to the 3' - 5' strand in order to create discontinuous segments starting from different RNA primers", "The DNA polymerases are enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. These enzymes are essential to DNA replication and usually work in pairs to create two identical DNA strands from a single original DNA molecule. During this process, DNA polymerase “reads” the existing DNA strands to create two new strands that match the existing ones.", "In addition to these proteins, several other enzymes are involved in bacterial DNA replication. 1 DNA Polymerase-DNA Polymerase I (Pol I) was the first enzyme discovered with polymerase activity, and it is the best characterized enzyme. 2 5' to 3' elongation (polymerase activity). 3 3' to 5' exonuclease (proof-reading activity). 4 5' to 3' exonuclease .... Proteins of DNA Replication. 1 DNA Helicases-These proteins bind to the double stranded DNA and stimulate the separation of the two strands. 2 DNA single-stranded binding proteins-These proteins bind to the DNA as a tetramer and stabilize the single-stranded structure that is generated by the action of the helicases.", "In addition to these proteins, several other enzymes are involved in bacterial DNA replication. DNA Polymerase-DNA Polymerase I (Pol I) was the first enzyme discovered with polymerase activity, and it is the best characterized enzyme. Proteins of DNA Replication. 1 DNA Helicases-These proteins bind to the double stranded DNA and stimulate the separation of the two strands. 2 DNA single-stranded binding proteins-These proteins bind to the DNA as a tetramer and stabilize the single-stranded structure that is generated by the action of the helicases.", "More than two enzymes are involved, but the main ones are DNA Polymerases (Pol III and Pol I in Prokaryotes, Pol α, Pol δ and Pol ε in Eukaryotes). In vitro you can achieve … replication with only taq polymerase and two primers. DNA polymerase 3 is the enzyme that links the nucleotides together and builds new strand once the RNA primer is in position. The DNA polymerase can only work on a template strand that runs in the 3’→5’ direction, therefore it builds a new molecule in 5’→3’ direction.", "1 A portion of the double helix is unwound by a helicase. 2 A molecule of a DNA polymerase binds to one strand of the DNA and begins moving along it in the 3' to 5' direction, using it as a template for assembling a leading strand of nucleotides and reforming a double helix. 1", "More than two enzymes are involved, but the main ones are DNA Polymerases (Pol III and Pol I in Prokaryotes, Pol α, Pol δ and Pol ε in Eukaryotes). In vitro you can achieve … replication with only taq polymerase and two primers. Then an RNA Polymerase called primase comes and attaches a primer to the DNA strands. This is needed because the next enzyme, DNA polymerase will not from scratch and needs a base to work from: the primer serves this role." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_replication", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_replication", "http://dnareplication.info/enzymesofdnareplication.php", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_polymerase", "https://www.ndsu.edu/pubweb/~mcclean/plsc431/eukarychrom/eukaryo2.htm", "https://www.ndsu.edu/pubweb/~mcclean/plsc431/eukarychrom/eukaryo2.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_major_enzyme_involved_in_replication", "http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/D/DNAReplication.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_major_enzymes_involved_in_DNA_replication" ] }

[ "DNA is made up of two strands and each strand of the original DNA molecule serves as a template for the production of the complementary strand, a process referred to as semiconservative replication. Cellular proofreading and error-checking mechanisms ensure near perfect fidelity for DNA replication. Replication machineries include primosomes also. The factors are replication enzymes; DNA polymerase, DNA helicases, DNA clamps and DNA topoisomerases, and replication proteins; e.g. single-stranded DNA binding proteins (SSB). In the replication machineries these components coordinate." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The London Borough of Croydon is a London borough in South London, England and is part of Outer London. It covers an area of 87km2 and is the largest London borough by population. It is the southernmost borough of London. A new generation of buildings are being considered by the council as part of Croydon Vision 2020, so that the borough doesn't lose its title of having the largest office space in the south east, excluding Central London.", "Croydon is a large town in South London, England, the principal settlement of the London Borough of Croydon. It is located 9.5 miles (15.3 km) south of Charing Cross. Croydon town centre is near the centre of the borough of Croydon, to the north of the North Downs and the Pilgrims' Way path. To the north of Croydon are typical London districts, whereas a short distance southeast (such as Coombe and Selsdon) is green, hilly and rural land.", "Formed in 1965 from the Coulsdon and Purley Urban District and the County Borough of Croydon, the local authority Croydon London Borough Council, is now part of the local government association for Greater London, London Councils. The borough is in the far south of London, with the M25 orbital motorway stretching to the south of it, between Croydon and Tandridge. In the north and east of Croydon the authority mainly borders the London Borough of Bromley and in the north west the boroughs of Lambeth and Southwark.", "Croydon is mentioned in the Domesday Book, and from a small market town has expanded into one of the most populous areas on the fringe of London. Central Croydon is the civic centre of the borough and houses the largest office and retail centre in the south east of England outside Central London. A new generation of buildings are being considered by the council as part of Croydon Vision 2020, so that the borough doesn't lose its title of having the largest office space in the south east, excluding", "Croydon lies on a transport corridor between central London and the south coast of England, to the north of two gaps in the North Downs, one followed by the A23 Brighton Road through Purley and Merstham and the main railway line and the other by the A22 from Purley to the M25 Godstone interchange. Croydon town centre is near the centre of the borough of Croydon, to the north of the North Downs and the Pilgrims' Way path. To the north of Croydon are typical London districts, whereas a short distance southeast (such as Coombe and Selsdon) is green, hilly and rural land.", "Expedia.com offers a selection of 11 hotels in Croydon. You are sure to find cheap deals and discount rates among them with our Best Price Guarantee. No matter what type of hotel strikes your fancy, we will let you search for your preferred one to accommodate your travel needs. Situated in Croydon, this eco-friendly hotel is 0.3 mi (0.5 km) from Fairfields Hall and 1.8 mi (2.8 km) from Selhurst Park ….", "The London Borough of Croydon (pronunciation (help·info)) is a London borough in south London, England and is part of Outer London. It covers an area of 87 km 2 (33.6 sq mi) and is the largest London borough by population. The borough is in the far south of London, with the M25 orbital motorway stretching to the south of it, between Croydon and Tandridge. In the north and east of Croydon the authority mainly borders the London Borough of Bromley and in the north west the boroughs of Lambeth and Southwark.", "Sanchia, United Kingdom. In a quiet leafy road close to the center of Croydon, the award-winning, 4-star Croydon Park Hotel is only a 3-minute walk from East Croydon Train Station and just a 15-minute train ride from London Victoria and Gatwick Airport. After booking, all of the property’s details, including telephone and address, are provided in your booking confirmation and your account. Lock in a great price for Croydon Park Hotel London – rated 8.1 by recent guests! to get started.", "The Surrey Iron Railway from Croydon to Wandsworth opened in 1803 and was the world's first public railway. Later nineteenth century railway building facilitated Croydon's growth as a commuter town for London (including the City of London). Croydon town centre is near the centre of the borough of Croydon, to the north of the North Downs and the Pilgrims' Way path. To the north of Croydon are typical London districts, whereas a short distance southeast (such as Coombe and Selsdon) is green, hilly and rural land.", "A few miles to the south of Croydon is a small gap in the North Downs, a route for transport from London to the south coast. The London to Brighton road used to pass through the town on North End before the A23 Purley Way was built to the west. Croydon town centre is near the centre of the borough of Croydon, to the north of the North Downs and the Pilgrims' Way path. To the north of Croydon are typical London districts, whereas a short distance southeast (such as Coombe and Selsdon) is green, hilly and rural land." ], "url": [ "http://london.wikia.com/wiki/London_Borough_of_Croydon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croydon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Borough_of_Croydon", "http://london.wikia.com/wiki/London_Borough_of_Croydon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croydon", "https://www.expedia.com/Croydon-Hotels.d4247.Travel-Guide-Hotels", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Borough_of_Croydon", "http://www.booking.com/hotel/gb/croydonparkhotel.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croydon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croydon" ] }

[ "Croydon is a large town in South London, England, the principal settlement of the London Borough of Croydon. It is located 9.5 miles (15.3 km) south of Charing Cross. Croydon town centre is near the centre of the borough of Croydon, to the north of the North Downs and the Pilgrims' Way path. To the north of Croydon are typical London districts, whereas a short distance southeast (such as Coombe and Selsdon) is green, hilly and rural land." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The artist we know as Michelangelo was born Michelangiolo di Lodovico di Lionardo Buonarroti-Simoni on March 6, 1475, in Caprese, Italy, about forty miles from his family's native Florence.", "Michelangelo Buonarroti was born on 6 March 1475 in Caprese near Florence (Italy) where his father was the local magistrate. A few weeks after his birth, the family moved to Florence. In 1488, Michelangelo was apprenticed to the painter Domenico Ghirlandaio.", "Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (6 March 1475 – 18 February 1564) (. [mikeˈlandʒelo]), was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, poet, and engineer of the High Renaissance who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art.", "Early Life. Painter, sculptor, architect and poet Michelangelo, one of the most famous artists of the Italian Renaissance, was born Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni on March 6, 1475, in Caprese, Italy.", "Early life. Michelangelo Buonarroti was born on March 6, 1475, in Caprese, Italy, a village where his father, Lodovico Buonarroti, was briefly serving as a Florentine government agent. The family moved back to Florence before Michelangelo was one month old. Michelangelo's mother died when he was six.", "Synopsis. Michelangelo was born on March 6, 1475, in Caprese, Italy. Born to a family of moderate means in the banking business, Michelangelo became an apprentice to a painter before studying in the sculpture gardens of the powerful Medici family.", "Architecture in Florence and Rome, sculptures in Rome and Florence, mural paintings in the Vatican, poems. Michelangelo was an Renaissance artist, sculptor, architect, and p … ainter from Italy. He is best known for his work in the Sistine Chapel in St. Peter's in Rome and his David in Florence.", "Michelangelo (1475-1564) was a sculptor, painter and architect widely considered to be one of the greatest artists of the Italian Renaissance period—and arguably of all time. His work demonstrated a blend of psychological insight, physical realism and intensity never before seen." ], "url": [ "http://www.sparknotes.com/biography/michelangelo/section1.rhtml", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/michelangelo.shtml", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelangelo", "http://www.biography.com/people/michelangelo-9407628", "http://www.notablebiographies.com/Ma-Mo/Michelangelo.html", "http://www.biography.com/people/michelangelo-9407628", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Who_is_Michelangelo", "http://www.history.com/topics/michelangelo" ] }

[ "Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (6 March 1475 – 18 February 1564) (. [mikeˈlandʒelo]), was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, poet, and engineer of the High Renaissance who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Relevance. Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: DHL (originally standing for Dalsey, Hillblom and Lynn) is a Deutsche Post company of Germany that provides international shipping of documents and freight as well as contract logistics. The company was founded in 1969 by Adrian Dalsey, Larry Hillblom, and Robert Lynn. It stands for Dalsey-Hilbloom and Lynn. It was founded in Germany and the uniforms for all DHL personnel; both drivers, staff and logisticians are the same color as the German flag: red-gold-navy blue. Anonymous · 2 months ago.", "DHL expanded to countries that could not be served by any other delivery service, including Cuba, the Soviet Union, Eastern Bloc, Iraq, Iran, China, Vietnam and North Korea. In 1998, Deutsche Post began to acquire shares in DHL. It finally reached majority ownership in 2001, and completed the purchase in 2002. DHL Express's global headquarters are part of the Deutsche Post headquarters in Bonn. Headquarters for the Americas are located in Plantation, Florida, USA, while its Asia-Pacific and emerging markets headquarters are located in Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong and China. The European hub is in Leipzig, Germany.", "When ordering DHL’s services you, as “Shipper”, are agreeing, on your behalf and on behalf of anyone else with an interest in the Shipment, that the Terms and Conditions shall apply from the time that DHL accepts the Shipment unless otherwise agreed in writing by an authorised officer of DHL. The Money-Back Guarantee Terms and Conditions are available on the DHL website (www.dhl.com) or from DHL Customer Service. DHL is not liable for any loss or damage arising out of circumstances beyond DHL’s control.", "DHL Express is a division of the German logistics company Deutsche Post DHL providing international express mail services. DHL Express's global headquarters are part of the Deutsche Post headquarters in Bonn. Headquarters for the Americas are located in Plantation, Florida, USA, while its Asia-Pacific and emerging markets headquarters are located in Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong and China. The European hub is in Leipzig, Germany.", "IMPORTANT NOTICE. When ordering DHL s services you, as Shipper, are agreeing, on your behalf and on behalf of anyone else with an interest in the Shipment, that the Terms and Conditions shall apply from the time that DHL accepts the Shipment unless otherwise agreed in writing by an authorised officer of DHL. ", "Deutsche Post is the world's largest logistics company operating around the world, particularly in sea and air mail. Originally founded in 1969 to deliver documents between San Francisco and Honolulu, the company expanded its service throughout the world by the late 1970s. DHL Express's global headquarters are part of the Deutsche Post headquarters in Bonn. Headquarters for the Americas are located in Plantation, Florida, USA, while its Asia-Pacific and emerging markets headquarters are located in Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong and China. The European hub is in Leipzig, Germany.", "Definition. International shipping, courier, and packaging service. DHL was established in 1969 by Adrian Dalsey, Larry Hillblom, and Robert Lynn. The name DHL is derived from the first initial of each founder's last name. DHL has numerous cargo transport systems including planes, trains, and boats. DHL serves more than 120,000 designations and 220 countries" ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110410024031AAUroiy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL_Express", "http://www.dhl-usa.com/en/express/shipping/shipping_advice/terms_conditions.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL_Express", "https://importexpressonline.dhl.com/iea/html/US/en/ShipmentTermsAndConditions.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL_Express", "http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/DHL.html" ] }

[ "Definition. International shipping, courier, and packaging service. DHL was established in 1969 by Adrian Dalsey, Larry Hillblom, and Robert Lynn. The name DHL is derived from the first initial of each founder's last name. DHL has numerous cargo transport systems including planes, trains, and boats. DHL serves more than 120,000 designations and 220 countries" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Whether at a small company or a large one, the chief procurement officer usually provides overall leadership to the purchasing team and ensures that procurement policies and procedures are followed. Typically, he also is constantly in search of better quality products and better prices.", "Procurement officer is a commonly used term that describes someone who works full time in the field of procurement or purchasing. There are specific education, certification, and experience requirements to get a job as a procurement officer.", "A chief procurement officer (CPO) typically is the executive of a corporation who is responsible for the management, administration, and supervision of the company’s acquisition programs. They may be in charge of the contracting services and may manage the purchase of supplies, equipment, and materials.", "Procurement officers work in many types of public and private organizations, where they process purchasing transactions for services, equipment, stationery and other goods.", "A chief procurement officer (CPO) typically is the executive of a corporation who is responsible for the management, administration, and supervision of the company’s acquisition programs.", "A chief procurement officer (CPO) is an executive role focused on sourcing, procurement, and supply management for an enterprise.", "The procurement officer proceeds to negotiate better prices with the supplier, so that the company can enter into a contract that meets its financial goals. If the supplier violates the terms of the supply agreement -- perhaps he regularly makes late deliveries -- the officer may initiate a contract termination process.", "When an organization wants to buy goods through suppliers, the procurement officer invites suppliers to submit their bids along with price proposals. She might collaborate with other purchasing specialists in the procurement department to examine the bids and select the most competitive supplier." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_procurement_officer", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-procurement-officer.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_procurement_officer", "http://work.chron.com/procurement-officer-do-31181.html", "http://www.wisegeek.net/what-is-a-chief-procurement-officer.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_procurement_officer", "http://work.chron.com/procurement-officer-do-31181.html", "http://work.chron.com/procurement-officer-do-31181.html" ] }

[ "Procurement officers work in many types of public and private organizations, where they process purchasing transactions for services, equipment, stationery and other goods." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Most brain aneurysms do not cause any signs or symptoms and are discovered during tests for another condition. Symptoms develop rapidly when an aneurysm ruptures, and in some cases symptoms can be caused by pressure from an unruptured anuerysm. The signs and symptoms of a brain aneurysm are variable and occasionally relate to the area of the brain that is affected. ", "Symptoms of an unruptured brain aneurysm: The symptoms of an unruptured aneurysm include, but are not limited to, the following: 1 headaches. 2 dizziness. 3 eye pain. 4 vision deficits (problems with seeing). 5 double or blurry vision. 6 seizures. ", "A brain aneurysm rarely causes any symptoms unless it bursts (ruptures). However, unruptured brain aneurysms occasionally cause symptoms if they are particularly large or press against tissues or nerves inside the brain. Symptoms of an unruptured brain aneurysm can include: Symptoms of a ruptured brain aneurysm usually begin with a sudden agonising headache. It's been likened to being hit on the head, resulting in a blinding pain unlike anything experienced before. Other symptoms include: 1 stiff neck. 2 feeling or being sick. 3 sensitivity to light. 4 enlarged (dilated) pupils.", "The following are symptoms and warning signs of an aneurysm or a ruptured aneurysm: 1 headache or pain behind or above the eye (can be mild or severe). 2 dilated pupils. 3 drooping eyelids. 4 sensitivity to light. 5 blurred or double vision. 6 weakness or numbness on one or both sides of the body. ", "Ruptured Cerebral Aneurysm Symptoms. When an aneurysm ruptures, called subarachnoid hemorrhage, people often complain of the worst headache of their life.. Other ruptured cerebral aneurysm symptoms include: 1 Nausea and vomiting. 2 Stiff neck or neck pain. 3 Blurred vision or double vision. 4 Pain above and behind the eye. 5 Dilated pupils. 6 Sensitivity to light", "A brain (cerebral) aneurysm is a bulging, weak area in the wall of an artery that supplies blood to the brain. In most cases, a brain aneurysm causes no symptoms and goes unnoticed. In rare cases, the brain aneurysm ruptures, releasing blood into the skull and causing a stroke. Symptoms of a ruptured brain aneurysm often come on suddenly. If you have any of the following symptoms or notice them in someone you know, call 911 or other emergency services right away 1 : A sudden, severe headache that is different from past headaches. 2 Neck pain. 3 Nausea and vomiting. 4 Sensitivity to light", "A brain aneurysm is a bulge or ballooning out of a blood vessel in the brain, most often resembling a berry (they are also termed berry aneurysms or cerebral aneurysms). Unfortunately, the walls of the aneurysm are not as stable as normal blood vessel walls. ", "A sudden, severe headache is the key symptom of a ruptured aneurysm. This headache is often described as the worst headache ever experienced. Common signs and symptoms of a ruptured aneurysm include: 1 Sudden, extremely severe headache. 2 Nausea and vomiting. 3 Stiff neck. 4 Blurred or double vision. 5 Sensitivity to light. 6 Seizure. 7 A drooping eyelid." ], "url": [ "http://www.emedicinehealth.com/aneurysm_brain/page5_em.htm", "http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/neurology_neurosurgery/centers_clinics/aneurysm/types/unruptured_brain_aneurysm.html", "http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Aneurysm/Pages/Symptoms.aspx", "http://www.healthline.com/health/aneurysm-in-the-brain", "http://www.brainaneurysm.com/symptoms", "http://www.webmd.com/brain/tc/brain-aneurysm-topic-overview", "http://www.emedicinehealth.com/aneurysm_brain/article_em.htm", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/brain-aneurysm/basics/symptoms/CON-20028457" ] }

[ "A sudden, severe headache is the key symptom of a ruptured aneurysm. This headache is often described as the worst headache ever experienced. Common signs and symptoms of a ruptured aneurysm include: 1 Sudden, extremely severe headache. 2 Nausea and vomiting. 3 Stiff neck. 4 Blurred or double vision. 5 Sensitivity to light. 6 Seizure. 7 A drooping eyelid." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "4228085. Young adults still think health insurance is too expensive — especially after Obamacare hiked health care costs for most, according to a survey from top private health exchange eHealth. Young adults are even less enthusiastic about the cost of deductibles on their health coverage. Seventy-three percent told eHealth that their annual deductibles are too costly for them to comfortably afford.", "Over a quarter of uninsured adults (27%) in 2014 went without needed care in the past year due to cost (Figure 7). Studies repeatedly demonstrate that the uninsured are less likely than those with insurance to receive preventive care and services for major health conditions and chronic diseases. Over a quarter of uninsured adults in 2014 (27%) went without needed medical care due to cost", "+ More. Since the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was signed into law in 2010, more than 3 million young adults age 19 to 26 have been able to stay on their parents' health insurance policies, according to the Department of Health and Human Services. But an estimated 16 million to 19 million others are still uninsured. ", "Only 24 percent of the 2.2 million who have signed up are between the ages of 18 and 34, well below the Obama administration's target of around 40 percent. A new study on the cost of insurance for young adults reveals why young adults may opt out of purchasing health insurance through the marketplace. 1. Most young adults are in the healthy majority. Adults aged 18 to 34 and without health problems are called young invincibles for a reason. ", "Of course, not all of those people are young; some of them are in their 40s and 50s. Those people would be quite happy to pay $150 or $235 a month for insurance. (Unfortunately they won't get to, since the plans are lightly age-rated; for a 40 year old San Franciscan, the Silver plan will cost at least $300. I had it at the back of my mind that a single young freelance writer living in California, Washington, or New York, and making $32,000 a year, would qualify for insurance at a basically nominal cost.", "If you're young and want a more comprehensive health insurance plan, you'll probably have to pay more than $100 per month for a single-coverage policy. If you want to reduce or even eliminate your deductible, you may have to pay $150 or $200 per month for your policy. Their hospital-visit deductibles can also be extreme: Some plans don't start paying for medical care until the policyholder has incurred more than $10,000 in medical expenses. Although some of these plans can cost as little as $40 to $50 per month, they may not be very useful.", "Young adults who stayed on their parents’ insurance plans under a popular provision in the federal health law incurred slightly higher health costs than young adults who had their own coverage, largely because they used more care for mental health, substance abuse and pregnancy, new research suggests. ", "Family plans might cost $12,500 per year. Rates for young adults would be lower. Kaiser's cost calculator gives a ballpark estimate of about $3,400 for an average single 26-year-old who doesn't get subsidies. In contrast, the first year's minimum penalty for an individual is $95; that's what a worker making $16,000 would pay. Others will qualify for private insurance at a fraction of the full premiums. And health plans offered under the law will limit individuals' out-of-pocket expenses to about $6,250 per year or less — a bulwark against gigantic, unexpected medical bills.", "The average change between 2013 and 2014 low-cost premiums is 260 percent. Premium increases vary by state. The biggest increase is in Vermont, where young people will face a $332, or 600 percent, increase in insurance costs. Young people in Massachusetts, on the other hand, will only see premiums go up by nearly $20, or 9 percent." ], "url": [ "http://dailycaller.com/2014/06/18/private-health-exchange-obamacare-hiked-health-care-costs-for-young-adults/", "http://kff.org/uninsured/fact-sheet/key-facts-about-the-uninsured-population/", "http://health.usnews.com/health-news/health-insurance/articles/2013/08/29/young-adults-and-low-cost-health-insurance", "http://abcnews.go.com/Business/top-reasons-young-adults-sign-affordable-care-act/story?id=22690267", "http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/06/04/obamacare-rate-shock-how-big-is-it-does-it-matter.html", "http://thelawdictionary.org/article/how-much-does-health-insurance-cost-for-the-average-adult/", "http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2013/04/11/young-adults-on-parents-health-plans-cost-more/", "http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/money/industries/insurance/story/2012-07-14/health-care-young-broke/56226296/1", "http://dailycaller.com/2013/10/03/study-obamacare-spikes-young-peoples-health-insurance-costs/" ] }

[ "If you're young and want a more comprehensive health insurance plan, you'll probably have to pay more than $100 per month for a single-coverage policy. If you want to reduce or even eliminate your deductible, you may have to pay $150 or $200 per month for your policy. Their hospital-visit deductibles can also be extreme: Some plans don't start paying for medical care until the policyholder has incurred more than $10,000 in medical expenses. Although some of these plans can cost as little as $40 to $50 per month, they may not be very useful." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Blue or Green Color-A green or blue color is generally a result of copper in your water supply, or copper pipes and corrosive water (1). 2 The copper can cause staining of your fixtures and your laundry. 3 Copper is regulated in drinking water by the EPA at 1.3 PPM.", "At an early age we learn that the color of the water in our lakes, rivers and ponds is blue, but we expect the water in our drinking glass to be clear. When homeowners discover their home drinking water has a slight blue tint, it’s cause for concern. Blue or blue-green water likely means it contains copper.", "Shares & Saves. Save. If you have a well in your home, keep a close eye on the color of the water, which may tell you plenty about what might go on down under. If your well water turns an eerie blue or blue-greenish color, you have a problem related to either copper or zinc from bronze fixtures. This kind of phenomenon happens rarely, but you must resolve it as soon as you notice the differences to prevent poisoning from your water supply.", "Blue or blue-green stains on sinks, baths and porcelain, indicate that there is probably copper in the water supply. Copper is usually from the corrosion of copper plumbing. The amount of copper can be found by sending a water sample to a lab for testing.", "The water may be reflecting the color of the blue sky (or the reds of sunset, or the gray of clouds), but an intrinsic blue color is caused by the refraction and scatterin … g of visible light by the water. Different water qualities and depth can change the particular hue of blue." ], "url": [ "http://extoxnet.orst.edu/faqs/safedrink/colors.htm", "http://blog.skillingsandsons.com/blog-1/bid/323360/Is-My-Well-Water-Safe-if-it-Looks-Blue-Test-Your-Water-for-Safety", "http://www.ehow.com/info_7812199_causes-blue-tint-well-water.html", "http://www.eng-tips.com/viewthread.cfm?qid=211897", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_causes_blue_well_water" ] }

[ "At an early age we learn that the color of the water in our lakes, rivers and ponds is blue, but we expect the water in our drinking glass to be clear. When homeowners discover their home drinking water has a slight blue tint, it’s cause for concern. Blue or blue-green water likely means it contains copper." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The M3 is the most affordable option in the Max Trainer line. It doesn’t have all the features and programs of the M5, but it still has zero joint impact and burns a lot of calories in a short workout.", "The Bowflex MAX Trainer is a new elliptical-based exercise machine that claims to provide you with all the benefits of a much longer interval workout, but in just 14 minutes per day.", "The Bowflex M5 is the premium model in the new Max Trainer line, yet its price is low compared to highly-rated ellipticals, the space it aims to disrupt. With the highest rating between the two Max Trainers to choose from, the M5 is our Editor’s Choice in this small but powerful new product category.", "The Bowflex M3 is the most affordable in the new Max Trainer product line. It uses the same technology as the higher-rated premium model, the M5, but they trimmed some of the bells and whistles to get the price down to $999.", "The Bowflex Max Trainer is available in the two models shown above, and the price of the Max Trainer depends on the features included. The top of the line Max Trainer M5 price is normally $1,799, but for a limited time Bowflex has discounted the Max Trainer M5 price by $200, making it just $1,599. Bowflex has also discounted the Max Trainer M3 price by $200, bringing their entry level Max Trainer price under $1,000 at just $999." ], "url": [ "http://www.fitrated.com/max-trainers/bowflex-max-trainer-m3-review/", "http://www.highya.com/bowflex-max-trainer-reviews", "http://www.fitrated.com/max-trainers/bowflex-max-trainer-m5-review/", "http://www.fitrated.com/max-trainers/bowflex-max-trainer-m3-review/", "http://www.ordertrainers.com/max-trainer-price/" ] }

[ "The Bowflex Max Trainer is available in the two models shown above, and the price of the Max Trainer depends on the features included. The top of the line Max Trainer M5 price is normally $1,799, but for a limited time Bowflex has discounted the Max Trainer M5 price by $200, making it just $1,599. Bowflex has also discounted the Max Trainer M3 price by $200, bringing their entry level Max Trainer price under $1,000 at just $999." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "[ 2 syll. au-ra, aur-a ] The baby girl name Aura is pronounced as AO-Raa- †. Aura is primarily used in the English language and its language of origin is also English. Its meaning is derived literally from the ordinary word 'aura'.", "Aura /au-ra/ [2 sylls.] as a girls' name is pronounced AWR-ah. It is of Latin origin, and the meaning of Aura is wind. Greek mythology: Aura was the goddess of breezes. The word is used to describe the atmosphere surrounding an individual.", "Latin-American name. In Latin-American, the name Aura means-glowing light.The name Aura originated as an Latin-American name. The name Aura is most often used as a girl name or female name. Latin-American Name Meaning-glowing light. Origin-Latin-America.", "Meanings and history of the name Aura: | Edit. The girl's name Aura \\a(u)-ra\\ is pronounced Oar-ah. It is of Latin origin, and its meaning is wind or breath.. The word is used to describe the atmosphere surrounding an individual.", "Greek Meaning: The name Aura is a Greek baby name. In Greek the meaning of the name Aura is: Soft breeze. American Meaning: The name Aura is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Aura is: Soft breeze. Latin Meaning: The name Aura is a Latin baby name. In Latin the meaning of the name Aura is: Gentle breeze." ], "url": [ "http://www.babynamespedia.com/meaning/Aura", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Aura", "http://www.meaning-of-names.com/latin-american-names/aura.asp", "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/girl/aura", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/aura" ] }

[ "Latin-American name. In Latin-American, the name Aura means-glowing light.The name Aura originated as an Latin-American name. The name Aura is most often used as a girl name or female name. Latin-American Name Meaning-glowing light. Origin-Latin-America." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "It usually takes a broken finger 4-6 weeks but be careful and don't fracture the finger while healing. ChaCha 24/7! [ Source: http://www.chacha.com/question/how-long-does-a-broken-finger-take-to-heal ]. More Answers to How long does a broken finger take to heal .", "4-6 weeks: All things being equal, the bone shold heal in 4-6 weeks. If it is a complicated fracture, infected, or if other issues, it may take longer. Discuss with your orthopedist or hand surgeon.", "Your finger will take about four to six weeks to heal. It's important to keep the finger moving as soon as it has healed – if you keep it splinted for too long, the joint will become stiff and your finger will become harder to move.", "Your doctor will tell you how long to wear the splint. Usually a splint on a fractured finger is worn for about 3 weeks. You may need more x-rays over this time so that your doctor can monitor the progress of your finger as it heals.", "Report Abuse. The skin heals in a few days but the bone takes much longer. Keep the wound dry and the finger immobilised like on a finger splint. It can take 4 - 8 weeks for the bone to heal depending on your state of health, diet and or you aggravate it by bumping into objects.", "Broken Finger: For a broken finger to heal, it only takes 2-3 weeks compared to fracture of a big bone which is 6 weeks.", "To make a splint: 1 Take a long thin item, as long as your broken finger, such as a popsicle stick or a pen. 2 Place it next to your broken finger, or have a friend or family member help you hold it in place. 3 Use medical tape to wrap together the stick or pen and your finger.", "Health related question in topics Conditions Illness .We found some answers as below for this question How long does a broken finger take to heal,you can compare them. It usually takes a broken finger 4-6 weeks but be careful and don't fracture the finger while healing. ChaCha 24/7! [ Source: http://www.chacha ....", "Answer by Mikereptile. Confidence votes 60. It takes about 6-8 weeks to heal, depending on the type of injury sustained. (Keep the finger as still as you can !!!!). When broken place the hand in ice cold water for about 5 min.s then take it and wrap the whole hand in a soft wrap (anything that is a soft colth) ." ], "url": [ "http://www.themedicalquestions.com/illness/how-long-does-a-broken-finger-take-to-heal.html", "https://www.healthtap.com/topics/how-long-will-a-broken-finger-take-to-heal", "http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/broken-finger/Pages/Introduction.aspx", "http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00257", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090327142240AATNH2M", "https://www.healthtap.com/topics/how-long-will-a-broken-finger-take-to-heal", "http://www.wikihow.com/Treat-a-Broken-Finger", "http://www.themedicalquestions.com/illness/how-long-does-a-broken-finger-take-to-heal.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_for_a_broken_finger_to_heal" ] }

[ "It usually takes a broken finger 4-6 weeks but be careful and don't fracture the finger while healing. ChaCha 24/7! [ Source: http://www.chacha.com/question/how-long-does-a-broken-finger-take-to-heal ]. More Answers to How long does a broken finger take to heal ." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A low or normal GGT test result indicates that it is unlikely that a person has liver disease or has consumed any alcohol. A high GGT level can help rule out bone disease as the cause of an increased ALP level, but if GGT is low or normal, then an increased ALP is more likely due to bone disease. An elevated GGT level suggests that something is damaging the liver but does not indicate specifically what. In general, the higher the level, the greater the insult – or damage – to the liver.", "Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is an enzyme that is found in many organs, such as the kidney, liver, gallbladder, spleen, and pancreas. Among these, the liver is the main source of GGT in the blood. This test measures the level of GGT in a blood sample. GGT is increased in most diseases that cause damage to the liver or bile ducts. Normally, GGT is present in low levels, but when the liver is injured, the GGT level can rise. ", "A GGT blood test, also known as Gamma-glutamyl transferase or Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, (GGTP) is a laboratory test used to screen the patient for possible liver damage and/or suspected alcohol abuse. Although the test can detect elevated levels of GGT, it is typically not successful in determining the cause. While increased levels may be an indicator of various damages to the liver, the test itself is not sufficient enough for diagnosing a liver condition.", "GGT is found in liver cells. This test helps your doctor look for possible damage to your liver or its ducts. It can also help tell the difference between liver and bone disease if your results from a different blood test called alkaline phosphatase are abnormal. ", "GGT is concentrated in the liver, but it’s also present in the gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, and kidneys. GGT blood levels are usually high when the liver is damaged. This test is often done with other tests that measure liver enzymes if there’s a possibility of liver damage. Generally, the higher the GGT level the greater the damage to the liver. Some of the conditions that result in increased GGT include: 1 overuse of alcohol. 2 chronic viral hepatitis. 3 lack of blood flow to the liver. 4 liver tumor. 5 cirrhosis, or scarred liver. 6 overuse of certain drugs or other toxins.", "GGT is one of the liver enzymes that are usually restricted to the areas of the liver and some other organs but when there is some kind of liver disease, the levels of this enzyme increase because the enzyme starts to leak out of the liver into the bloodstream. Elevated GGT levels themselves do not mean anything as the levels of GGT tend to fluctuate during the day; however, the presence of jaundice is usually confirmation enough of some kind of liver damage. A GGT test should then be compared with an ALP test.", "GGT, an abbreviation for gamma-glutamyl transferase, is a liver enzyme. It is also known as a gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP or g-GTP). A blood test can determine your GGT level and is used to detect damage to the liver. GGT levels are increased in persons with diseases that cause damage to the liver and pancreas. For example, 75 percent of people who habitually drink large amounts of alcohol have elevated GGTs. GGT and the other liver enzymes are fasting blood tests; that is, the patient should not eat for eight hours before the blood draw. Always inform your doctor about any medications or supplements you are taking at the time of a blood draw.", "Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT) Test. The gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) test measures the amount of the enzyme GGT in your blood. Enzymes are molecules that are necessary for chemical reactions in your body. Generally, the higher the GGT level the greater the damage to the liver. Some of the conditions that result in increased GGT include: 1 overuse of alcohol. 2 chronic viral hepatitis. 3 lack of blood flow to the liver. 4 liver tumor. 5 cirrhosis, or scarred liver. 6 overuse of certain drugs or other toxins.", "Both ALP and GGT are elevated in disease of the bile ducts and in some liver diseases, but only ALP will be elevated in bone disease. Therefore, if the GGT level is normal in a person with a high ALP, the cause of the elevated ALP is most likely bone disease. The GGT test is sometimes used to help detect liver disease and bile duct obstructions. It is usually ordered in conjunction with or as follow up to other liver tests such as ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin. An elevated GGT level suggests that something is damaging the liver but does not indicate specifically what. In general, the higher the level, the greater the insult – or damage – to the liver." ], "url": [ "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/ggt/tab/test", "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/ggt/tab/sample", "http://www.brighthub.com/science/medical/articles/54598.aspx", "http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=167&ContentID=gamma_glutamyl_transpeptidase", "http://www.healthline.com/health/gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase", "http://www.medicalhealthtests.com/blood-tests/blood-tests-ggt.html", "http://www.ehow.com/about_5068336_high-ggt-level.html", "http://www.healthline.com/health/gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase", "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/ggt/tab/test" ] }

[ "Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is an enzyme that is found in many organs, such as the kidney, liver, gallbladder, spleen, and pancreas. Among these, the liver is the main source of GGT in the blood. This test measures the level of GGT in a blood sample. GGT is increased in most diseases that cause damage to the liver or bile ducts. Normally, GGT is present in low levels, but when the liver is injured, the GGT level can rise. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A contemporary house inserted behind the crumbling walls of a ruined twelfth-century castle in Warwickshire, England, by Witherford Watson Mann is one of the six projects nominated for the 2013 Stirling Prize (+ slideshow). Next. A contemporary house inserted behind the crumbling walls of a ruined twelfth-century castle in Warwickshire, England, by Witherford Watson Mann is one of the six projects nominated for the 2013 Stirling Prize (+ slideshow). Photograph by Philip Vile.", "The ruined Astley Castle is a Grade II listed fortified manor house dating from the 16th century. Astley Castle is situated 60 yds. north-east from the church. It is surrounded by a moat with banks 10–15 ft. in height. The bailey is in the form of a circle drawn out towards the north-east, increasing the diameter in that direction from approximately 60 yds. to 80 yds.", "Astley Castle, a Grade II* listed building, is the last of three castles built on the same site and using the same moat. The castle was held by the Newdigate family in the 19th century, latterly being the home of Lieut-Gen. Edward Newdigate Newdegate. It was later a hotel, but is now a ruin following the fire in 1978. Astley Castle would have provided him with a fortified structure with appropriate security, supplemented by the protection of a moat. Astley would also have satisfied Hitler's desire for British countryside living with reasonable access to all the major cities.", "Astley Castle is a medieval ruin with under-floor heating and power showers. There are still crumbling stones, now eroded by weeds, but modern engineering has made it solid, and perhaps more importantly, comfortable. Heathcote describes the redevelopment of Astley Castle, near Nuneaton, as poetic. But for others it is history lost. It was all dark wooden panels and very medieval looking, says Nuneaton historian Peter Lee, who used to visit the castle in the 1960s, when it was run as a hotel and restaurant.", "The early castle. By the early 12th century it was held by Philip de Estlega [Astley] from the Earl of Warwick. Philip’s grandson Thomas de Estleye was killed at the Battle of Evesham fighting with Simon de Montfort in 1265. The Castle was crenellated and moated in 1266, when it briefly changed hands before reverting to the Astleys. In the 19th century, Astley Castle became a dower house and was then let to a succession of tenants. It also inspired writer George Eliot, born Mary Ann Evans, who grew up on the Arbury Estate where her father was an agent.", "Astley Castle is a ruinous moated fortified 16th century manor house in North Warwickshire. It is not thought likely that there was ever a true ' castle ' at Astley. Although a licence to crenellate the manor house there was granted in 1266, the property was only ever a fortified house.", "There are numerous famous personalities associated with Astley Castle and the Grey family. Elizabeth Woodville (Born 1437 - Died 8 June 1492), the widow of Sir John Grey, of Groby (Born 1432 – Died 17 February 1461) secretly married King Edward IV (Born 28 April 1442 – Died 9 April 1483) in 1464. Astley Castle is situated 60 yds. north-east from the church. It is surrounded by a moat with banks 10–15 ft. in height. The bailey is in the form of a circle drawn out towards the north-east, increasing the diameter in that direction from approximately 60 yds. to 80 yds.", "News: a contemporary house inserted into the twelfth-century ruins of Astley Castle in Warwickshire by Witherford Watson Mann has won the RIBA Stirling Prize 2013 for the greatest contribution to British architecture in the last year. ", "The Astley family held the manor from the 12th century. It is not thought likely that there was ever a true ' castle ' at Astley. Although a licence to crenellate the manor house there was granted in 1266, the property was only ever a fortified house.", "Inspiration for George Eliot. In the 19th century, Astley Castle became a dower house and was then let to a succession of tenants. It also inspired writer George Eliot, born Mary Ann Evans, who grew up on the Arbury Estate where her father was an agent. Astley is said to be the model for Knebley in Eliot’s Scenes of Clerical Life (1857). Strictly speaking a fortified manor more than a castle, the site at Astley Castle has been in continuous occupation since the Saxon period. As Grade II* listed, the castle is counted of national significance." ], "url": [ "http://www.dezeen.com/2013/07/20/astley-castle-renovationby-witherford-watson-mann/", "http://www.mysteriousbritain.co.uk/england/warwickshire/hauntings/astley-castle.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astley,_Warwickshire", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-23961842", "http://www.landmarktrust.org.uk/our-landmarks/properties/astley-castle-683/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astley_Castle", "http://www.mysteriousbritain.co.uk/england/warwickshire/hauntings/astley-castle.html", "http://www.dezeen.com/2013/09/26/astley-castle-renovation-wins-riba-stirling-prize-2013/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astley_Castle", "http://www.landmarktrust.org.uk/search-and-book/properties/astley-castle-4806/" ] }

[ "Astley Castle is a ruinous moated fortified 16th century manor house in North Warwickshire. It is not thought likely that there was ever a true ' castle ' at Astley. Although a licence to crenellate the manor house there was granted in 1266, the property was only ever a fortified house." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Process engineering encompasses a vast range of industries, such as chemical, petrochemical, agriculture, mineral processing, advanced material, food, pharmaceutical, software development and biotechnological industries. All previous work is directed toward defining the Scope of the project, then developing a Cost Estimate to get the design installed, and a Schedule to communicate the timing needs for Engineering, Procurement, Fabrication, Installation, Commissioning, Startup, and Ongoing Production of the Process.", "If you are looking to help improve the way your company operates, business process engineering is a way in which organizations study their current business processes and develop new methods to improve productivity, efficiency, and operational costs. Business process engineering focuses on new business processes, how to diagnose problems with an organization's current methodology, and redesign, reconstruct, and monitor processes to make sure they are effective.", "1 The engineering design process is a series of steps that engineers follow to come up with a solution to a problem. 2 Many times the solution involves designing a product (like a machine or computer code) that meets certain criteria and/or accomplishes a certain task. 1 Test and Redesign. 2 Engineers do not always follow the engineering design process steps in order, one after another. 3 It is very common to design something, test it, find a problem, and then go back to an earlier step to make a modification or change to your design.", "Process engineering relates to the improvement and execution of all processes. A process is best described as a structured set of actions to achieve a definite goal. Every process is designed to transform an input (raw materials) to an output (products and services). Process engineers use computer software to design and monitor the processes used across these engineering industries. While generally working behind a computer in an office, some engineers work on-site to monitor the actual outcome of their", "Top 10 unbelievable historical concurrencies. Process engineering is a branch of chemical engineering that focuses on manufacturing and industrial processes. Professionals in this field combine principles from physics, biochemistry, and mathematics to develop more effective production processes. To me, the best example of process engineering is the business process engineering that Ray Kroc did in making McDonald's. It was basically a couple of restaurants that was started by the McDonald’s brothers, which was later bought by Ray Kroc and turned into a franchise.", "Prior to construction, the design work of Process Engineering begins with a Block Diagram showing raw materials and the transformations/ Unit Operations desired. All previous work is directed toward defining the Scope of the project, then developing a Cost Estimate to get the design installed, and a Schedule to communicate the timing needs for Engineering, Procurement, Fabrication, Installation, Commissioning, Startup, and Ongoing Production of the Process.", "Process engineering is related to all chemical, biological, mechanical and manufacturing processes. Process engineers use computer software to design and monitor the processes used across these engineering industries. While generally working behind a computer in an office, some engineers work on-site to monitor the actual outcome of their processes.", "Engineering is a process of interrelated tasks that, together, transform inputs into outputs. These tasks may be carried out by people, nature or machines using various resources; an engineering process must be considered in the context of the agents carrying out the tasks and the resource attributes involved.", "Key Info. 1 The engineering design process is a series of steps that engineers follow to come up with a solution to a problem. 2 Many times the solution involves designing a product (like a machine or computer code) that meets certain criteria and/or accomplishes a certain task. 1 Test and Redesign. 2 Engineers do not always follow the engineering design process steps in order, one after another. 3 It is very common to design something, test it, find a problem, and then go back to an earlier step to make a modification or change to your design.", "A food process engineer may be tasked with pasteurization and homogenization of milk before it can be bottled. A process engineer may work closely with construction project managers during the design process of a structure. Process engineering uses scientific principles to improve production processes. To me, the best example of process engineering is the business process engineering that Ray Kroc did in making McDonald's. It was basically a couple of restaurants that was started by the McDonald’s brothers, which was later bought by Ray Kroc and turned into a franchise." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_engineering", "http://learn.org/articles/What_is_Business_Process_Engineering.html", "http://www.sciencebuddies.org/engineering-design-process/engineering-design-process-steps.shtml", "http://whatisengineering.com/what-is-process-engineering/", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-process-engineering.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_engineering", "http://whatisengineering.com/what-is-process-engineering/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_(engineering)", "http://www.sciencebuddies.org/engineering-design-process/engineering-design-process-steps.shtml", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-process-engineering.htm" ] }

[ "Top 10 unbelievable historical concurrencies. Process engineering is a branch of chemical engineering that focuses on manufacturing and industrial processes. Professionals in this field combine principles from physics, biochemistry, and mathematics to develop more effective production processes. To me, the best example of process engineering is the business process engineering that Ray Kroc did in making McDonald's. It was basically a couple of restaurants that was started by the McDonald’s brothers, which was later bought by Ray Kroc and turned into a franchise." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Magic is a popular 1974 song by Scottish pop rock band Pilot, and was the first hit single for the group. It was written by band members Billy Lyall and David Paton for their debut album, From the Album of the Same Name. The song is also heavily sampled in a song titled It's Magic by rap artist J.R. Writer. It was then sampled again by rapper Flo Rida in 2009. The alternative rock band Barenaked Ladies has been known to sometimes close live shows by playing the song as part of a medley. It has also been covered by Patrick Juvet.", "Please try again later. Limmie & Family Cookin', an American group, released one single on Scepter Records, then signed with Avco Embassy, where they released three singles which hit the UK Singles Chart in 1973-74: You Can Do Magic (UK #3), Dreamboat (UK #31), and A Walking Miracle (UK #6). ", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. You Can Do Magic is a song by singer-songwriter Russ Ballard which was recorded as a 1982 single by folk rock duo America from their album View from the Ground. The song was one of two Ballard compositions on View from the Ground, the other being Jody. The popularity of You Can Do Magic was paralleled by the success of the parent View From the Ground album which rose to number 41 on Billboard' s listing of the top 200 albums, the first time an album by America as a duo (rather than the original trio) had appeared in that chart's upper half.", "Submit Corrections Cancel. I never believed in things that I couldn't see. I said if I can't feel it then how can it be. No, no magic could happen to me. And then I saw you. I couldn't believe, it you took my heart. I couldn't retrieve it, said to myself. Misheard Lyrics From… Jack Johnson, Karmin, Phoenix, and 30 Seconds To Mars share some of their most commonly… Lyric Videos Love's Worn Out Again Lyrics Originals 12 Hit Songs You Won't Believe Were Passed….", "\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tand then made the gray skies turn blue. \\r\\nyou can do magic. \\r\\nyou took the heart that was broken in two. \\r\\nand you put it back together, know how to keep it beating. \\r\\ni beg you not to stop and pray you keep repeating your magic magic. \\r\\nyou can do magic baby. You Can Do Magic Video: and then made the gray skies turn blue. you can do magic. you took the heart that was broken in two. and you put it back together, know how to keep it beating. i beg you not to stop and pray you keep repeating your magic magic. you can do magic baby. you can do magic magic", "International chart placings for You Can Do Magic include No. 30 in Australia, No. 37 in Canada, No. 20 in Ireland, No. 27 in Italy, No. 12 in New Zealand and No. 59 in the UK. The popularity of You Can Do Magic was paralleled by the success of the parent View From the Ground album which rose to number 41 on Billboard' s listing of the top 200 albums, the first time an album by America as a duo (rather than the original trio) had appeared in that chart's upper half.", "Who sang the song with the lyrics You can do magic baby who sang the song with the chorus You can do magic magic magic? Start with coin tricks, card tricks, and if you wan't to be an awesome magician, learn the card tricks, then once you get that down where your real good with cards, look up, dark magic fire card tricks, that will just make your audience amazed, and it will amaze the girls." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_%28Pilot_song%29", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5HrG9-uFPnc", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You_Can_Do_Magic_(song)", "http://www.metrolyrics.com/you-can-do-magic-lyrics-america.html", "http://www.lyricsmania.com/you_can_do_magic_lyrics_limmie_and_the_family_cooking.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You_Can_Do_Magic_(song)", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Who_sang_the_song_with_the_lyrics_You_can_do_magic_baby_who_sang_the_song_with_the_chorus_You_can_do_magic_magic_magic" ] }

[ "Please try again later. Limmie & Family Cookin', an American group, released one single on Scepter Records, then signed with Avco Embassy, where they released three singles which hit the UK Singles Chart in 1973-74: You Can Do Magic (UK #3), Dreamboat (UK #31), and A Walking Miracle (UK #6). " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The monolithic dome shell can be constructed for $20-35 per square foot depending on the size. Monolithic Dome Construction. The construction of just the monolithic dome generally takes about 7-10 days while the curing time is an additional 3-4 weeks. The construction of a monolithic dome is accomplished in just a few easy steps.", "1 A: The price for a single dome kit is $10,900 - this includes: 2 The 8 Dome Panels (Door and Windows Panels are FREE of charge but MUST be specified at time of order. ", "Performance Building Systems. earthshelter.com kit for underground shotcrete dome houses. grancrete is a spray-on ceramic coating with interesting possibilities, according to this article. formworksbuilding.com shows interior and exterior images of several of their underground or bermed ferrocement buildings. ", "Who uses a Monolithic Dome. The advantages to a monolithic dome has been utilized by homeowners and companies in over 40 states for churches, offices, storage, schools, theaters, water tanks, supermarkets and more. The construction of just the monolithic dome generally takes about 7-10 days while the curing time is an additional 3-4 weeks. The construction of a monolithic dome is accomplished in just a few easy steps.", "shotcret cost $65 to $130 a yard is equipment labour need only to place and finish shotcrete. add set up for less than 100 yard. Pattern selection also has much to do with the installed price. Patterns with … many cuts will cost more. Herringbone has a lot of cuts on the edges making it more expensive than running bond. Running bond being the least expensive and most used. I've seen it as little as $6 and as high as $15.", "We prefer to use natural river rock and sand for shotcrete. The best concrete has the most even gradation of its aggregate. It has small rocks of 3/8 minus size to very, very fine 1/100 in size. Cement: In general, the more cement in the mix, the stronger the concrete will be. This is only true up to an 8-bag mix. Fly Ash: If fly ash is available and it usually is at most ready-mix plants, we replace 100 pounds of cement with 120 pounds of fly ash per cubic yard.", "Abundant Life Church in Denham Springs, Louisiana built a sanctuary with a Monolithic Dome atop a stemwall that is eighteen feet high and one foot thick. This main sanctuary has a diameter of 192 feet and encompasses 28,000 square feet, with a seating capacity for 2800 worshippers. Fly Ash: If fly ash is available and it usually is at most ready-mix plants, we replace 100 pounds of cement with 120 pounds of fly ash per cubic yard.", "In addition, the application of Dimpled Mesh between the foam and the Shotcrete or the air-form and the foam during construction of the monolithic dome will help prevent sweating and provide moisture run off. Dimpled Mesh texture easily accepts plaster and Shotcrete. The construction of just the monolithic dome generally takes about 7-10 days while the curing time is an additional 3-4 weeks. The construction of a monolithic dome is accomplished in just a few easy steps.", "The initial cost of a Monolithic Dome is usually the same as a custom-built, conventional home of equal interior finish. If you planned on buying a $100,000 house, you will probably have to pay $100,000 for your dome home. However, the long-term, day-to-day costs of a Monolithic Dome will always be lower. And the true cost of owning a dome home is substantially less. There are two parties when a home is built: the contractor and the owner. The contractor’s primary goal when building the home is to make a profit. If it were otherwise, s/he could not stay in business.", "Obviously the cost of cement is much more than the cost of sand in a yard of concrete. You may think, “If I leave out a few bags of cement I can save money.” But consider this: because of their shape, Monolithic Domes only need a relatively small amount of concrete. Fly Ash: If fly ash is available and it usually is at most ready-mix plants, we replace 100 pounds of cement with 120 pounds of fly ash per cubic yard." ], "url": [ "http://shotcretedrainagestructuresmembranes.com/page6.html", "http://www.usadomes.com/", "http://www.greenhomebuilding.com/shotcrete.htm", "http://shotcretedrainagestructuresmembranes.com/page6.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_square_foot_price_of_shotcrete", "http://www.monolithic.org/shotcrete/mixing-the-strongest-shotcrete", "http://www.monolithic.org/shotcrete/mixing-the-strongest-shotcrete", "http://shotcretedrainagestructuresmembranes.com/page6.html", "http://www.monolithic.org/homes/home/the-true-cost-of-a-dome-home", "http://www.monolithic.org/shotcrete/mixing-the-strongest-shotcrete" ] }

[ "1 A: The price for a single dome kit is $10,900 - this includes: 2 The 8 Dome Panels (Door and Windows Panels are FREE of charge but MUST be specified at time of order. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Simply enter a zip code or select a state below for the state's average home construction cost per square foot and the average new square foot size for homes sold in that state. With Resi-Cost you no longer have to guess your home's cost using rules of thumb like construction cost per square foot. Resi-Cost provides you an economical, simple, fast and accurate way to budget your home's design, built in your specific location with your material selections.", "New home construction cost per square foot build cost is a frequently sought reference number. The challenge with using cost per square foot as a way to budget a home is that cost per square foot excludes* the following factors: 1 Excludes land cost, site development costs such as drives, utilities, clearing, decks, patios, landscape or any fees or permitting costs. 2 Excludes excavation. 3 Excludes basement costs. With Resi-Cost you no longer have to guess your home's cost using rules of thumb like construction cost per square foot. Resi-Cost provides you an economical, simple, fast and accurate way to budget your home's design, built in your specific location with your material selections.", "The median cost for this commercial building type hovers around $100 per square foot. Because of the new trends in fast food being more boutique and less assembly line, the cost for a typical fast food restaurant is on the rise. The median for this type of construction is between $160 and $170 per square foot. Not surprisingly, New York tops the charts for most expensive city to build in for all of these building types. Convenience stores are generally less expensive to construct than the other building types because of their simpler nature.", "The Building Cost Per Square Foot Analysis is compiled from actual medical new construction projects published by Design Cost Data magazine. This guide will provide DCD readers a quick comparison of building construction costs on similar size projects. In this building cost analysis we look at the cost of a 4-floor, 234,000 square foot new hospital with EIFS/Brick exterior and a membrane roof. This analysis is based on an average of hospitals featured in the DCD Archives.", "In that case, the cost was closer to $40-$60 per square foot. And if the building itself has structural or MEP issues, you could easily wind up approaching a new construction cost per square foot of $100 or more. I hope that helps. The median for this type of construction is between $160 and $170 per square foot. Not surprisingly, New York tops the charts for most expensive city to build in for all of these building types. Convenience stores are generally less expensive to construct than the other building types because of their simpler nature.", "An average commercial steel building costs between $16 and $20 per square foot, including building package (I-Beams, purlins, girts etc.) , delivery, foundation and the cost of construction. Since many retail & commercial buildings require additional finishing like insulation or facade façade, customization the cost may rise to$ 30 or$ 40 per square (FOOT). Sf insulating a commercial steel building is a necessary expense but is also a very good. investment", "Buildings by experienced contractors cost about .5-4% more than wood frame structures of the same design. Typical new U.S. buildings cost $60-100 per square foot. Building walls of ICFs adds $1.00-$4.00 to this figure. But since ICF buildings are more energy-efficient, the heating and cooling equipment can be smaller than in a frame structure. This can cut the cost of the final building by an estimated $.75 per square foot. This means lower energy costs, to the tune of $200 to $300 per year for a typical building. When planning a building, you can estimate that experienced crews will add $.25-$3.25 per square foot for the cost of building the walls from concrete with ICFs.", "• DCD Sq. Ft. Cost Analysis New Hospital. The outlook is strong for health care construction due to the constant aging of our population. In this building cost analysis we look at the cost of a 4-floor, 234,000 square foot new hospital with EIFS/Brick exterior and a membrane roof. This analysis is based on an average of hospitals featured in the DCD Archives." ], "url": [ "https://www.home-cost.com/construction-cost-per-sf.html", "https://www.home-cost.com/construction-cost-per-sf.html", "http://evstudio.com/cost-per-square-foot-of-commercial-construction-by-region/", "http://www.dcd.com/dcd_analysis.html", "http://evstudio.com/cost-per-square-foot-of-commercial-construction-by-region/", "http://www.buildingsguide.com/faq/what-average-commercial-building-cost-square-foot", "http://www.concretebuildings.org/icf/financial.html", "http://www.dcd.com/dcd_analysis.html" ] }

[ "The median cost for this commercial building type hovers around $100 per square foot. Because of the new trends in fast food being more boutique and less assembly line, the cost for a typical fast food restaurant is on the rise. The median for this type of construction is between $160 and $170 per square foot. Not surprisingly, New York tops the charts for most expensive city to build in for all of these building types. Convenience stores are generally less expensive to construct than the other building types because of their simpler nature.", "In that case, the cost was closer to $40-$60 per square foot. And if the building itself has structural or MEP issues, you could easily wind up approaching a new construction cost per square foot of $100 or more. I hope that helps. The median for this type of construction is between $160 and $170 per square foot. Not surprisingly, New York tops the charts for most expensive city to build in for all of these building types. Convenience stores are generally less expensive to construct than the other building types because of their simpler nature." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) may go away in a few weeks by itself. If treatment is needed, it usually consists of head exercises (Epley and Semont maneuvers). ", "Treatment for vertigo depends on the cause and severity of your symptoms. During a vertigo attack, lying still in a quiet, darkened room may help to ease any symptoms of nausea and reduce the sensation of spinning. You may be advised to take medication. ", "BPPV is the most common vestibular disorder. Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (or BPPV) is the most common cause of vertigo, a false sensation of spinning. 1. 1 Benign – it is not life-threatening. 2 Paroxysmal – it comes in sudden, brief spells. 3 Positional – it gets triggered by certain head positions or movements. It is important to know that BPPV will NOT give you constant dizziness that is unaffected by movement or a change in position. It will NOT affect your hearing or produce fainting, headache or neurological symptoms such as numbness, “pins and needles,” trouble speaking or trouble coordinating you", "(Redirected from BPPV). Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a disorder arising in the inner ear. Its symptoms are repeated episodes of positional vertigo, that is, of a spinning sensation caused by changes in the position of the head. BPPV is the most common cause of the symptoms of vertigo. ", "Definition. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common causes of vertigo — the sudden sensation that you're spinning or that the inside of your head is spinning. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo causes brief episodes of mild to intense dizziness. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is usually triggered by specific changes in the position of your head. This might occur when you tip your head up or down, when you lie down, or when you turn over or sit up in bed.", "Back to Top Causes. Benign positional vertigo is also called benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). It is caused by a problem in the inner ear. The inner ear has fluid-filled tubes called semicircular canals. When you move, the fluid moves inside these tub", "Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is the most common of vestibular disorders and the most easily treated. In most patients, it can be cured with a simple physical therapy maneuver. BPPV can affect people of all ages, although it is most common in folks over the age of 60. Patients with BPPV usually experience vertigo when they turn over in bed, get in or out of bed, look up to a high shelf or put their head back in the shower. These are circumstances where there is a large change in the orientation of the head with respect to the pull of gravity.", "Usually no medications are required for BPPV unless the patient has severe nausea or vomiting. If extreme nausea does exist, anti-nausea medications can be prescribed before and/or after the treatment. In about 70-80 percent of patients, a cure is immediate. Patients with BPPV usually experience vertigo when they turn over in bed, get in or out of bed, look up to a high shelf or put their head back in the shower. These are circumstances where there is a large change in the orientation of the head with respect to the pull of gravity." ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/brain/tc/benign-paroxysmal-positional-vertigo-bppv-treatment-overview", "http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Vertigo/Pages/Treatment.aspx", "http://vestibular.org/understanding-vestibular-disorders/types-vestibular-disorders/benign-paroxysmal-positional-vertigo", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BPPV", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/vertigo/basics/definition/con-20028216", "http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/benign-positional-vertigo/overview.html", "http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/neurology_neurosurgery/centers_clinics/vestibular/conditions/benign_paroxysmal_positional_vertigo.html", "http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/neurology_neurosurgery/centers_clinics/vestibular/conditions/benign_paroxysmal_positional_vertigo.html" ] }

[ "Usually no medications are required for BPPV unless the patient has severe nausea or vomiting. If extreme nausea does exist, anti-nausea medications can be prescribed before and/or after the treatment. In about 70-80 percent of patients, a cure is immediate. Patients with BPPV usually experience vertigo when they turn over in bed, get in or out of bed, look up to a high shelf or put their head back in the shower. These are circumstances where there is a large change in the orientation of the head with respect to the pull of gravity." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "How much do you earn working at Bunnings? If you are under 18 its $10 per hour Newbies who are 18 and above get about $17 per hour Also you get tima and a half if you work on Sundays. Hop … e this helps.", "Hi Shaun, Don't know about Hawkes bay but I have a building company in New Plymouth. Usual rate for skilled tradesmen are 20 - 22 / hour. and 44 hour weeks are normal. Carpenters are builders and joinery is considered to be a seperate trade hers but will pay a similar wage. You shouldn't find it too hard to get employment as builders and joiners are in demand", "How much do lawyers earn in a day? Lawyers' Pay Varies It depends on the kind of lawyer you are speaking of. Private practice-I have seen anywhere from $95-$600 per hour. Corporate law-annual s … alaries from $150k-$350k without being in VP position. It varies a LOT from place to place. If you are under 18 its $10 per hour Newbies who are 18 and above get about $17 per hour Also you get tima and a half if you work on Sundays. Hop … e this helps.", "Best Answer: im sure it would be a homer price depending on what the job is. my uncle is a joiner in glasgow he does homers and says it just depends what needs done!!! if he is providing the wood it will be more expensive. I have a few small jobs for a joiner which should not take longer than 3 hours. just wanted to knw what the hourly rate would be. jobs are build a kitchen table from argos,wallpaper a 5sq meter wall, and cover boiler pipes with wood. Thanks. Follow.", "As of May 2013, the food-preparation and service industry paid an average hourly wage of $9.08. In a separate BLS category, we find over half a million fast-food cooks who earn, on average, $9.07 an hour. But that varies by industry and state. Cooks in gasoline stations earn, on average, $8.68 per hour, while cooks in grocery stores get $10.02. The San Francisco area has the highest average wages for fast-food workers in the country, but at $12.17 per hour, that falls well short of the $15 demanded by the protesting McDonald’s employees. ", "If you earn $30 an hour at the office, chances are you’d like to earn at least $30 an hour from your photography. If you are a full time photographer, you can work backwards from what you need to earn in a year to support your family and your lifestyle. The reality is that all professionals who bill by the hour – such as lawyers, engineers, architects, accountants etc. bill their clients at a minimum two to three times their take home pay rate. For example, if a lawyer earns $60 per hour – they would typically bill at least $120 to $180 per hour.", "Salaries. Roofers made an average $18.54 per hour, or $38,570 per year, as of May 2011, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The highest paid earned more than $28.89 per hour or $60,090 per year, though wages could fall below $10.79 per hour or $22,430 per year. Roofers can learn their trade through a formal apprenticeship that takes three years and includes classroom instruction and paid on-the-job experience. However, the highest salaries were in wholesalers of lumber and other construction materials, with average pay at $28.11 per hour, or $58,470 per year. The job suffers from one of the highest rates of injury and illness of any occupation, according to the BLS. Roofers may fall or get burned by hot roofing products.", "Average Salaries. After completing medical school and the required on-the-job training, in 2010 the average doctor earned $80 per hour, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. This hourly rate translates into an annual salary of $166,400. The BLS reports that, as of 2010, general practitioners or family doctors had a median annual income of $202,392, while doctors with specializations had median annual salaries of $356,885. Anesthesiologists had an annual income of $407,292, followed by surgical specialties at $343,958 annually.", "The salary for a joiner in Canada will vary depending on experience and where they work. On average a joiner in Canada earns between $45,000 ð $60,000 per year. If you are under 18 its $10 per hour Newbies who are 18 and above get about $17 per hour Also you get tima and a half if you work on Sundays. Hop … e this helps." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_does_a_joiner_earn_for_a_days_work", "http://www.enz.org/forum/showthread.php?t=8408", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_does_a_joiner_earn_for_a_days_work", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090309113136AAqKDgM", "http://fivethirtyeight.com/datalab/what-do-mcdonalds-workers-really-make-per-hour/", "http://www.diyphotography.net/much-photographers-charge-per-hour/", "http://work.chron.com/much-money-roofers-make-5470.html", "http://work.chron.com/average-doctor-paid-per-hour-3154.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_does_a_joiner_earn_for_a_days_work" ] }

[ "The salary for a joiner in Canada will vary depending on experience and where they work. On average a joiner in Canada earns between $45,000 ð $60,000 per year. If you are under 18 its $10 per hour Newbies who are 18 and above get about $17 per hour Also you get tima and a half if you work on Sundays. Hop … e this helps." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Finally, after the DNA, RNA, or protein molecules have been separated using gel electrophoresis, bands representing molecules of different sizes can be detected. Gel electrophoresis is a laboratory method used to separate mixtures of DNA, RNA, or proteins according to molecular size. In gel electrophoresis, the molecules to be separated are pushed by an electrical field through a gel that contains small pores. The molecules travel through the pores in the gel at a speed that is inversely related to their lengths.", "This technique is called SDS-PAGE (SDS-Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). Small protein molecules move more quickly through the gel than larger proteins, resulting in a series of ‘bands’. Each band contains a protein of a particular size. These can be compared with standards of known sizes. An SDS-PAGE gel has been used to separate proteins on the basis of size.", "Gel electrophoresis is used to analyze DNA restriction digest and ligation experiments. In this lesson, you will learn how to use a DNA ladder to interpret experimental results.", "Gel electrophoresis. Gel electrophoresis is used to separate macromolecules like DNA, RNA and proteins. DNA fragments are separated according to their size. Proteins can be separated according to their size and their charge (different proteins have different charges).", "This is how agarose electrophoresis separates different DNA molecules according to their size. The gel is stained with ethidium bromide so you can visualize how these DNA molecules resolved into bands along the gel. Southern blotting may also be used as a visualization technique for agarose gels." ], "url": [ "http://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/gel-electrophoresis-286", "http://biotechlearn.org.nz/themes/dna_lab/gel_electrophoresis", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/gel-electrophoresis-analyzing-and-interpreting-results.html", "http://biotechlearn.org.nz/themes/dna_lab/gel_electrophoresis", "https://askabiologist.asu.edu/agarose-gel-electrophoresis" ] }

[ "Finally, after the DNA, RNA, or protein molecules have been separated using gel electrophoresis, bands representing molecules of different sizes can be detected. Gel electrophoresis is a laboratory method used to separate mixtures of DNA, RNA, or proteins according to molecular size. In gel electrophoresis, the molecules to be separated are pushed by an electrical field through a gel that contains small pores. The molecules travel through the pores in the gel at a speed that is inversely related to their lengths." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "HELPLESS-Crossword Puzzle Clues. Search through millions of crossword puzzle answers to find crossword clues with the answer HELPLESS. Type the crossword puzzle answer, not the clue, below.", "Clue: Inefficient or helpless person. We have 1 possible answer for the clue Inefficient or helpless person which appears 1 time in our database.", "Length or Pattern: How to Search: Enter a crossword puzzle clue and either the length of the answer or an answer pattern. For unknown letters in the word pattern, you can use a question mark or a period. Clue: Clue: Pattern:", "Search through millions of crossword puzzle answers to find crossword clues with the answer HELPLESS. Type the crossword puzzle answer, not the clue, below.", "Optionally, type any part of the clue in the Contains box. Click on clues to find other crossword answers with the same clue or find answers for the HELPLESS crossword clue." ], "url": [ "http://www.wordplays.com/crossword-clues/HELPLESS", "http://www.crosswordgiant.com/crossword-clue/1353009/Inefficient-or-helpless-person", "https://oneacross.com/crosswords/", "http://www.wordplays.com/crossword-clues/HELPLESS", "http://www.wordplays.com/crossword-clues/HELPLESS" ] }

[ "Clue: Inefficient or helpless person. We have 1 possible answer for the clue Inefficient or helpless person which appears 1 time in our database." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A legal guardian is an adult the court chooses to be responsible for, and to care for a child, to manage the child's property, or both. A guardianship of the estate allows the guardian to make financial decisions for a child, and is often filed when a minor is to receive a large monetary gift or inheritance.", "If someone petitions the court to have a guardian / conservator appointed for you, you willreceive a notice of the date, time and place of the hearing, a copy of the petition and a copy ofthe doctor’s evaluation not less than fourteen days before the hearing. Can I go to the hearing? Definitely.", "Revised: 3/2/2011 Page 1 of 3 INSTRUCTIONS ON HOW TO ASK THE COURT TO APPOINT A PERMANENT GUARDIAN AND/OR CONSERVATOR OF A MINOR USE THIS PACKET if you want to be appointed a guardian and/or conservator for a person under the age of 18.", "Conservatorship is similar to guardianship in that it is a legal relationship between a protected person and one or more individuals appointed by the court to make decisions on behalf of the protected person.", "When appointing a guardian, the court is required by law to give first priority to the person nominated in the will of the minor's last surviving parent, if any, or the person nominated by the minor if he is at least 14.", "Conservatorship of a Minor. This page is for the appointment by the district court of an individual, usually a family member, to serve as conservator for a minor. Its primary focus is on procedures when everyone is agreeing and cooperating.", "It is the court’s responsibility to make certain that the guardianship or conservatorship is functioning in the best interests of the protected person. It is the guardian’s and conservator’s responsibility to follow the court’s instructions and to always act in the best interest", "If the judge decides to give you a hearing on the petition for Temporary Appointment of a Guardian and/or Conservator of a Minor, court staff will provide you with a copy of a NOTICE OF HEARING form. You will need to give notice of the hearing to everyone entitled to notice before the hearing. See # 8 below.", "Any of the following people can file a petition to have the court appoint a guardian / conservatorfor you:1. You;2. A person who is either responsible for your care or who has assumedresponsibility for your care;3. A facility providing your care, like a hospital or nursing home;4." ], "url": [ "https://www.saccourt.ca.gov/probate/guardianship.aspx", "http://www.wvlegalservices.org/guardcon.pdf", "http://www.mohavecourts.az.gov/court%20forms/Clerks%20Office/Guardianship/GInstAskCourtToAppointPermGuardConsMinor-sc.pdf", "http://dhs.sd.gov/gdn/guardianshipfaqs.aspx", "http://info.legalzoom.com/missouri-statute-guardianship-21141.html", "https://www.utcourts.gov/howto/family/gc/conservatorship/minor.html", "http://greenvillecounty.org/probate/GC_Forms/GCBooklet.pdf", "http://www.mohavecourts.az.gov/court%20forms/Clerks%20Office/Guardianship/GInsHowToGetGuardConservApptForMinorTempEmer-sc.pdf", "http://www.wvlegalservices.org/guardcon.pdf" ] }

[ "Conservatorship of a Minor. This page is for the appointment by the district court of an individual, usually a family member, to serve as conservator for a minor. Its primary focus is on procedures when everyone is agreeing and cooperating." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Family Crest, Coat of Arms Free to view your coat of arms family crest, shield also known as a symbol, design, pattern, tartan, picture, template or tattoo. We display worldwide graphics with names of Irish, German, Scottish, Italian, Spanish, English, Scottish, Welsh, UK, Canada, Australia and America origin. Free search and finder to view the heraldry picture with history and meaning. Printable! Free search online to help your research! How to make your Coat of Arms. ", "Click on a circle in the chart to view Kumpula birth and death records. An unusually short lifespan might indicate that your ancestors lived in harsh conditions. A short lifespan might also indicate health problems that were once prevalent in your family. You can find out when most of the Kumpula families immigrated to the United States. You can focus your search to immigration records dating from that era. Immigration records can tell you an ancestor's name, ship name, port of departure, port of arrival and destination. from the Social Security Death Index (SSDI).", "Bears a Finnish name, equivalent to Hopeville or Land of Promise, given by Thomas Arkkola, a pioneer immigrant from Finland. Toijala is a village in the southwest part of that country.Source: Upham 1969. Toivola A post office in Township of Toivola, St. Louis County. Koti = home; ranta = shore. Kumpula Lake A lake in St. Louis County, N of Loon Lake, about 7 miles S of Aurora, about 12 miles E of Eveleth, and about 5 miles NE of Makinen. Kumpula is a Finnish farm name and surname. Kumpula Point A cape in Whitewater Lake, St. Louis County, about 1 mile W of Hoyt Lakes, and about 3 miles SE of Aurora", "Wahlsten A place in Kugler township, St. Louis County, between Aurora and Tower. Probably of Finnish origin. Wahlsten is a Finnish surname (also known in Sweden, but more common in Finland), mainly used in the SW parts of Finland. Koti = home; ranta = shore. Kumpula Lake A lake in St. Louis County, N of Loon Lake, about 7 miles S of Aurora, about 12 miles E of Eveleth, and about 5 miles NE of Makinen. Kumpula is a Finnish farm name and surname. Kumpula Point A cape in Whitewater Lake, St. Louis County, about 1 mile W of Hoyt Lakes, and about 3 miles SE of Aurora", "Click on a place to view Kumpula immigration records. The information for this chart came from the U.S. Immigration Collection at Ancestry. You can find out where the majority of the Kumpula families were living before they immigrated to the U.S and learn where to focus your search for foreign records. You can find out when most of the Kumpula families immigrated to the United States. You can focus your search to immigration records dating from that era. Immigration records can tell you an ancestor's name, ship name, port of departure, port of arrival and destination. from the Social Security Death Index (SSDI).", "You can find birthdates, death dates, addresses and more. View all Kumpula ancestors in the SSDI. Census records can tell you a lot of little known facts about your Kumpula ancestors, such as occupation. Occupation can tell you about your ancestors social and economic status. You can find out when most of the Kumpula families immigrated to the United States. You can focus your search to immigration records dating from that era. Immigration records can tell you an ancestor's name, ship name, port of departure, port of arrival and destination. from the Social Security Death Index (SSDI).", "The list is arranged in the order in which each player won his first ODI cap. Where more than one player won his first ODI cap in the same match, those players are listed alphabetically by last name at the time of debut. Anil Kumble is the leading wicket taker with 337 wickets to his name, and Sachin Tendulkar is the leading run scorer with 18426 runs to his name from 452 innings at an average of 44.83.", "This is a locational name which derives from the village of Collingham (Bridge) near Wetherby in Yorkshire. The name is Anglo-Saxon and means 'the farm or homestead (ham) of the family (ing) of Coll-a personal name which probably derived from Nicolas. Locational names were usually given to former inhabitants who moved to another area, a system which also created the problem of transposed spellings. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Johannes de Colyngham. which was dated 1379, in the Yorkshire Poll Tax Rolls. during the reign of King Richard 11, known as Richard of Bordeaux 1378 - 1400" ], "url": [ "http://allfamilycrests.com/", "http://www.ancestry.com/name-origin?surname=kumpula", "http://www.genealogia.fi/place/placemne.htm", "http://www.genealogia.fi/place/placemne.htm", "http://www.ancestry.com/name-origin?surname=kumpula", "http://www.ancestry.com/name-origin?surname=kumpula", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_India_ODI_cricketers", "http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Collingham" ] }

[ "Click on a circle in the chart to view Kumpula birth and death records. An unusually short lifespan might indicate that your ancestors lived in harsh conditions. A short lifespan might also indicate health problems that were once prevalent in your family. You can find out when most of the Kumpula families immigrated to the United States. You can focus your search to immigration records dating from that era. Immigration records can tell you an ancestor's name, ship name, port of departure, port of arrival and destination. from the Social Security Death Index (SSDI)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Modified on. Getting rid of ringworm isn’t a difficult task at all. It’s the itchiness and the pain of a ringworm infection that’s difficult to deal with. Ringworm, in fact, has nothing to do with worms at all. If anything, ringworm is more closely related to athlete’s foot and jock itch, because it’s a type of fungal infection called “Tinea.” Common symptoms of ringworm include: a circular rash inflamed around the edges, itchiness, and scaling skin around the rash.", "Ringworm is a contagious fungal infection that is medically known as tinea corporis that develops on the skin surface. Even though it is called ringworm, this fungal infection isn’t caused by worms.The name of this infection comes from the ring like pattern that normally shows up on the affected person’s skin. Men tend to catch this skin infection much more than women, while children are more commonly affected than adults.", "Ringworm of the Skin-Home Treatment. In most cases, you can treat ringworm of the skin with antifungal creams or ointments. Many are available without a prescription. Use a nonprescription antifungal cream with miconazole or clotrimazole in it. Brand names include Micatin, Mycelex, and Tinactin. ", "Also known as Tinea, Ringworm is a contagious fungal infection that can affect the scalp, body, feet, and nails. Despite its name, it has nothing to do with worms! The name comes from a characteristic red ring that appears on the infected person's skin. ", "Worms don't cause ringworm. Rather, this superficial skin infection, also known as tinea, is caused by fungi called dermatophytes. Fungi are microscopic organisms that can live off the dead tissues of your skin, hair, and nails, much like a mushroom can grow on the bark of a tree. Ringworm is caused by a fungus that grows on the skin. Once the fungus is established, it spreads out in rings. The center of the ring may clear up, while a new ring of infection develops at the edge of the old ring. Children are most likely to get ringworm.", "Get Informed: Find what is most effective to get rid of ringworm that causes severe itch and unsightly scaly rashes. Contrary to popular belief, ringworm is not caused by worms but by a group of fungus medically known as Dermatophytes that grow in warm, moist areas and is highly contagious. ", "Both have red round patches on their skin. Ringworm is a skin and scalp disease caused by fungi. It gets its name from the characteristic ring-like rash on the skin. The disease is spread by touching an infected person or animal. ", "Ringworm — which has nothing at all to do with worms — is a contagious fungal infection of the skin. It can be itchy and unpleasant, but it's not painful or dangerous. When the fungus affects the scalp, the condition is called tinea capitis, and when it affects the body it's tinea corporis. ", "The term ringworm or ringworms refers to fungal infections that are on the surface of the skin. The name is derived from the early belief that the infection was due to a worm, which it is not. Ringworm is a fungal infection in the skin. Nevertheless, the name ringworm remains. The medical term for ringworm is tinea. (Tinea is the Latin name for a growing worm.) Doctors add another word to indicate where the fungus is located. Tinea capitis, for instance, refers to scalp ringworm, tinea corporis to fungus of the body, tinea pedis to fungus of the feet, and so on.", "Causes of Ringworm. 1 Direct skin-to-skin contact with a human infected with ringworm. 2 Contact with an animal infected with ringworm. 3 This can be anything from dogs, cats, and rabbits, to horses, pigs, and even goats. 4 Using another person’s towel or bedding could be the cause of your ringworm. If anything, ringworm is more closely related to athlete’s foot and jock itch, because it’s a type of fungal infection called “Tinea.” Common symptoms of ringworm include: a circular rash inflamed around the edges, itchiness, and scaling skin around the rash." ], "url": [ "http://www.getridofthings.com/health/infections/get-rid-of-ringworm/", "http://howtogetridofringworms.net/", "http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/tc/ringworm-of-the-skin-home-treatment", "http://www.earthclinic.com/cures/ringworm.html", "http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/guide/understanding-ringworm-basics", "http://www.ringwormtreatmentreviews.com/", "http://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/diseases/ringworm.html", "http://www.babycenter.com/0_ringworm-in-children_10884.bc", "http://www.medicinenet.com/ringworm/page3.htm", "http://www.getridofthings.com/health/infections/get-rid-of-ringworm/" ] }

[ "Ringworm of the Skin-Home Treatment. In most cases, you can treat ringworm of the skin with antifungal creams or ointments. Many are available without a prescription. Use a nonprescription antifungal cream with miconazole or clotrimazole in it. Brand names include Micatin, Mycelex, and Tinactin. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "To clarify the following prices it is recommended that you read the article in the INFORMATION box below the PRICES…. (These prices are based on a tradesman’s rate of £150.00 per day and a labourer if required at £100.00 per day. This includes the cost of buying and collecting any materials, dumping any waste if necessary and any incidental materials they will need. The minimum price will usually be for a half day).", "Hourly rate of $420.00 per hour. Travel time to and from deposition / trial / arbitration testimony will be charged at the standard rate of $18", "Hourly rate of $180.00 per hour, per man, with a three hour minimum charge, including travel time. Consultation and services rendered for Saturdays and Sundays will be billed at $200.00, per man, including travel time. Paralegal/Assistant to Consultant(s) will be billed at $110.00 per hour, including travel time. Secretarial Assistant/Clerical Support services rendered will be billed at $65.00 per hour. Outside Technical Rep./Consulting services rendered will be billed at cost + 25%. Mileage at a rate of $.55 per mile.", "This is either the hourly rate or the day rate for a plasterer. Whilst it doesn't cover all materials it may cover some basics and of course tools or the trade. As with any trade there are variations in cost around the country with London being the most expensive.", "(United States). The average wage for a Plasterer is $20.52 per hour. For the first five to ten years in this position, pay increases sharply, but any additional experience does not have a big effect on pay. $29,361 - $76,822." ], "url": [ "http://www.buildingsheriff.com/plastering-walls-costs.html", "http://stuccoexperts.net/rates.htm", "http://stuccoexperts.net/rates.htm", "http://www.whatprice.co.uk/prices/building/plastering-labour.html", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Plasterer/Hourly_Rate" ] }

[ "(United States). The average wage for a Plasterer is $20.52 per hour. For the first five to ten years in this position, pay increases sharply, but any additional experience does not have a big effect on pay. $29,361 - $76,822." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Cost of Attendance. The cost of attendance is an estimate of the costs of being enrolled for one year at Iowa State University. Each student is assigned a financial aid budget based on their estimated cost of attendance, which is used to determine the maximum amount of financial aid they need. When considering costs of attendance, please note: 1 Total costs for attending Iowa State University may vary based on students' lifestyles, majors, academic colleges, and academic progress.", "The total list price for in-state Iowa residents to go to Iowa Valley Community College District is $18,733 for the 2014/2015 academic year. Out-of-state students who don't possess Iowa residence can expect a one year cost of $38,063. This is 4% more expensive than the national average public four year tuition of $6,429. The cost is $15,438 and 70% cheaper than the average Iowa tuition of $22,116 for 4 year colleges. Tuition ranks 3rd in Iowa amongst 4 year colleges for affordability and is the 43rd most expensive 4 year college in the state.", "Out of state residents are charged a total cost of $38,063 which is 103.2% higher than Iowa residents. The tuition charge is $6,678 while room and board is $9,614, books and supplies are $1,040 and other fees come in at $1,401. To gauge a more realistic picture of what it may really cost you out of pocket to go to University of Iowa, we've modeled a ten year student loan with an original principal value of $56,980. The loan balance of $56,980 is a four year multiple of the $14,245 average net price.", "Iowa State University tuition is $6,648 per year for in-state residents. This is 3% more expensive than the national average public four year tuition of $6,429. The cost is $15,468 and 70% cheaper than the average Iowa tuition of $22,116 for 4 year colleges. Tuition ranks 1st in Iowa amongst 4 year colleges for affordability and is the 45th most expensive 4 year college in the state.", "Annual Total Cost. The total list price for in-state Iowa residents to go to ISU is $16,604 for the 2014/2015 academic year. Out-of-state students who don't possess Iowa residence can expect a one year cost of $29,490. This is 3% more expensive than the national average public four year tuition of $6,429. The cost is $15,468 and 70% cheaper than the average Iowa tuition of $22,116 for 4 year colleges. Tuition ranks 1st in Iowa amongst 4 year colleges for affordability and is the 45th most expensive 4 year college in the state.", "Tuition and fees are subject to change without notice. Tuition and mandatory fees are approved by the University and Board of Regents, State of Iowa. Fall and spring semester tuition and fees are based on credit load at 5:00 p.m. on the 10th day of class. This is the last day for adjustments downward in tuition and fee assessment.", "Undergraduate Tuition. University of Iowa tuition is $6,678 per year for in-state residents. This is 4% more expensive than the national average public four year tuition of $6,429. The cost is $15,438 and 70% cheaper than the average Iowa tuition of $22,116 for 4 year colleges. Tuition ranks 3rd in Iowa amongst 4 year colleges for affordability and is the 43rd most expensive 4 year college in the state. If attending from out-of-state, the tuition is $26,008 which represents a 289% premium", "The Background of the Costs of Tuition at Iowa State University. Iowa State University is a land grant school which, among other things, means that the university gets money from the state of Iowa from the taxes that residents pay to the state. ", "Residents of Iowa pay an annual total price of $18,733 to attend University of Iowa on a full time basis. This fee is comprised of $6,678 for tuition, $9,614 room and board, $1,040 for books and supplies and $1,401 for other fees. To gauge a more realistic picture of what it may really cost you out of pocket to go to University of Iowa, we've modeled a ten year student loan with an original principal value of $56,980. The loan balance of $56,980 is a four year multiple of the $14,245 average net price.", "These are the estimated costs of attending the University of Iowa for an undergraduate student enrolled full time (for 12 or more semester hours) for the fall and spring semesters. Tuition and fees vary for International Students and for undergraduate students in business, engineering, nursing, pharmacy, and medicine. " ], "url": [ "http://financialaid.iastate.edu/cost/cost-of-attendance.php", "http://www.collegecalc.org/colleges/iowa/university-of-iowa/", "http://www.collegesimply.com/colleges/iowa/university-of-iowa/price/", "http://www.collegecalc.org/colleges/iowa/iowa-state-university/", "http://www.collegecalc.org/colleges/iowa/iowa-state-university/", "http://www.registrar.iastate.edu/fees/", "http://www.collegecalc.org/colleges/iowa/university-of-iowa/", "http://www.public.iastate.edu/~rhetoric/105H16/copp/cjr/cjrcopp.html", "http://www.collegesimply.com/colleges/iowa/university-of-iowa/price/", "http://admissions.uiowa.edu/finances/estimated-costs-attendance" ] }

[ "Iowa State University tuition is $6,648 per year for in-state residents. This is 3% more expensive than the national average public four year tuition of $6,429. The cost is $15,468 and 70% cheaper than the average Iowa tuition of $22,116 for 4 year colleges. Tuition ranks 1st in Iowa amongst 4 year colleges for affordability and is the 45th most expensive 4 year college in the state." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Share. Methylcobalamin circulates through the bloodstream and is one of two naturally-occurring coenzyme forms of vitamin B12 that the body utilizes. Adenosylcobalamin is the other form sometimes used in the dietary supplement industry. For example, supplementing with the cyanocobalamin form of B12 requires the body to expend energy that removes the cyanide molecule and replaces it with a methyl group. Taking methylcobalamin as a B12 supplement eliminates the need for this extra chemical reaction.", "Loading ... Methylcobalamin, also known as Methyl-B12, is a form of the common vitamin B12. It differs from typical B12 in that it has an additional methyl group, and contains metal-alkyl bonds. This organic substance functions in the environment to reduce the toxicity of heavy metals in the air, water, and soil. ", "Methylcobalamin is also used in the treatment of peripheral neuropathy, diabetic neuropathy, and as a preliminary treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Methylcobalamin (mecobalamin, MeCbl, or MeB 12) is a cobalamin, a form of vitamin B12. It differs from cyanocobalamin in that the cyanide is replaced by a methyl group. Methylcobalamin features an octahedral cobalt(III) centre. Methylcobalamin can be obtained as bright red crystal", "Vitamin B12 is the common name for a nutrient known scientifically as methylcobalamin. It's used as a dietary supplement and to treat certain anemias. Vitamin B12 plays an important role in helping the body make red blood cells. Methylcobalamin is the form of vitamin B12 that's the easiest for the body to use. You don't need a prescription to buy methylcobalamin, but it can be harder to find and more expensive than the other forms. Hydroxycobalamin is the form of vitamin B12 that the good or healthy bacteria in your gut make on their own", "What it is and Where it Comes From. Cyanocobalamin is a form of vitamin B12. It is converted in very small quantities in the liver into methylcobalamin, but not in quantities sufficient enough to be therapeutic. Synthetic methylcobalamin is available as a supplement in many supplement and vitamin shops.", "Cyanocobalamin is a much less active form of vitamin b12. It does not participate in the same number of processes as methylcobalamin does. Cyanocobalamin is converted to methylcobalamin before it can be put to active use. Methylcobalamin, on the other hand, can be used without needing any sort of conversion first. To put it simply, methylcobalamin is a type of vitamin B12. The latter part of the word, cobalamin is another word used to describe the B12 vitamin. Several cobalamins are used to make up vitamin B12. The 4 Vitamers of V", "Abstract. Methylcobalamin (MeCbl), the activated form of vitamin B12, has been used to treat some nutritional diseases and other diseases in clinic, such as Alzheimer’s disease and rheumatoid arthritis. ", "Use of Mecobalamin/Methylcobalamin Tablets. Mecobalamin tablets have a number of pharmaceutical applications in the treatment of a number of disease conditions like as follows: Mecobalamin is a CNS or Central Nervous System Drug used in Peripheral neuropathy, and Diabetic neuropathy etc. Also referred as methylcobalamin, this drug is one of the several forms of vitamin B12. Cobal. It is a kind of endogenous coenzyme B12. Mecobalamin plays an important role in transmethylation as a coenzyme in the synthesis of ... " ], "url": [ "http://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/methylcobalamin-4-facts-everyone-know/", "http://nootriment.com/methylcobalamin/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylcobalamin", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/vitamin-b-12", "http://www.ehow.com/about_5623508_uses-methylcobalamin.html", "https://ushcgshots.com/articles/methylcobalamin-what-is-it", "http://www.hindawi.com/journals/np/2013/424651/", "http://www.pharmaceutical-drug-manufacturers.com/pharmaceutical-drugs/mecobalamin.html" ] }

[ "Methylcobalamin is also used in the treatment of peripheral neuropathy, diabetic neuropathy, and as a preliminary treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Methylcobalamin (mecobalamin, MeCbl, or MeB 12) is a cobalamin, a form of vitamin B12. It differs from cyanocobalamin in that the cyanide is replaced by a methyl group. Methylcobalamin features an octahedral cobalt(III) centre. Methylcobalamin can be obtained as bright red crystal" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For example the median expected annual pay for a typical Technical Writer I in the United States is $52,364, so 50% of the people who perform the job of Technical Writer I in the United States are expected to make less than $52,364. Source: HR Reported data as of October 2015. 1 Salary. 2 Salary + Bonus. 3 Benefits. ", "$34,750. The median annual wage for writers and authors was $55,940 in May 2012. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $27,770, and the top 10 percent earned more than $117,860. ", "Writers & Authors Salary. Writers & Authors average salary is $60,750, median salary is $59,072 with a salary range from $22,797 to $150,000. Writers & Authors salaries are collected from government agencies and companies. Each salary is associated with a real job position. ", "The average salary for an accountant in the United States is $46,119. Approximately 50% of accountants earn between $41,590 and $51,088. 25% of accountants earn less than this … , and 25% earn more. Answered by The Community. Making the world better, one answer at a time. The salary range of an author depends on how good your book is. People buy what they like, and the more copies you sell the more money you get.", "The range of salary for a message therapist would depend on one's location. For example on the Indeed website one can find a variety of job listing for a message therapist in … the Toronto area that has a salary rate of $35 to $47 an hour. Answered by The Community. Making the world better, one answer at a time. The salary range of an author depends on how good your book is. People buy what they like, and the more copies you sell the more money you get.", "The Average Author's Salary for One Book. Authors don’t earn a salary for a book, be it one book or several. Book authors are self-employed contractors who receive payments in the form of advances based on anticipated sales, and royalties from percentage of actual sales. In some cases, writers are hired under contract to assist or ghost write for a lead author. The typical royalty an author receives, according to the Wall Street Journal, is 15 percent of the retail price for a hardcover, and 25 percent for an e-book. But the prices for e-books are less than half the retail price for a hardcover, reducing the cash payment to the author.", "Advance Ranges. Publishers pay authors advances that range from as little as $1,000 to amounts in the high six figures for fiction and non-fiction. But a drop in overall book sales and the impact of lower priced e-books has reduced the amounts of advances publishers pay out. The typical royalty an author receives, according to the Wall Street Journal, is 15 percent of the retail price for a hardcover, and 25 percent for an e-book. But the prices for e-books are less than half the retail price for a hardcover, reducing the cash payment to the author.", "Average Author Salaries. The average salary for author jobs is $62,000. Average author salaries can vary greatly due to company, location, industry, experience and benefits. This salary was calculated using the average salary for all jobs with the term author anywhere in the job listing" ], "url": [ "http://www1.salary.com/Technical-Writer-I-salary.html", "http://www.bls.gov/ooh/Media-and-Communication/Writers-and-authors.htm", "http://www.salarylist.com/jobs/Writers-Authors-Salary.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_salary_range_of_an_author", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_salary_range_of_an_author", "http://work.chron.com/average-authors-salary-one-book-7181.html", "http://work.chron.com/average-authors-salary-one-book-7181.html", "http://www.simplyhired.com/salaries-k-author-jobs.html" ] }

[ "Writers & Authors Salary. Writers & Authors average salary is $60,750, median salary is $59,072 with a salary range from $22,797 to $150,000. Writers & Authors salaries are collected from government agencies and companies. Each salary is associated with a real job position. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Heat extermination also requires tenting the home and costs about $1,250 for a 1,250-square foot home. 2 For a 2,500 square-foot home the price is about $2,500. 3 Electro-gun and the microwave system for small areas of infestation cost about $1,150.", "1 Fumigation is generally based on the cubic feet of the house, plus any attachments, including decks. 2 If the home needs to be tented, the cost for lethal gas fumigation is about $1,200-$2,500 for a 1,250-square foot house and $2,200-$3,800 for a 2,500-square foot house.", "The average cost of tenting a house for termites is around… This will vary depending on the size of your home and due to price variations in different pest control companies. It is alway s a good idea to get at least three separate quotes from different termite", "Tenting a 1,200-square-foot house for drywood termites set me back $850; the subterraneans cost $500, which comes with an annual bond that will cost $350. Then another surprise: Not a lot of pest control companies treat drywood termites. The termite inspector referred me to Rivers Pest Control.", "1 The site also mentions the price for tenting a house for termite fumigation, which is reported as falling between $30 and $45 per one thousand cubic feet of area that will be covered.", "1 A 2,500-square foot home will cost about $3,000. 2 Fumigation is generally based on the cubic feet of the house, plus any attachments, including decks. 3 If the home needs to be tented, the cost for lethal gas fumigation is about $1,200-$2,500 for a 1,250-square foot house and $2,200-$3,800 for a 2,500-square foot house.", "1 Tenting a house can range in price anywhere from $500 to $4,000. 2 Companies that provide the service of tenting a house offer it at different prices. 3 Also, when you find a company that will provide the service for you, the price can differ depending on the size of the house to be covered.", "The estimated cost for a termite tenting for a 1,200 square foot structure can cost anywhere between $1200 to $2500, a larger home of 2500 square feet could cost somewhere between $2500 and $4000. These termite fumigation and tenting prices are just for the services of the professional exterminators.", "1 Hip Home Improvement Projects is a website that offers suggestions and tips on how to remove termites from your house. 2 The site also mentions the price for tenting a house for termite fumigation, which is reported as falling between $30 and $45 per one thousand cubic feet of area that will be covered.", "1 The cost can also be charged per linear square foot. 2 For example, a house that has a size of 1,250 square feet can command $1,250 to $2,500 for the procedure. 3 Hip Home Improvement Projects is a website that offers suggestions and tips on how to remove termites from your house." ], "url": [ "http://home.costhelper.com/termite-control.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/termite-control.html", "http://mytermitetreatmentcosts.com/tenting-a-house-for-termites/", "http://jacksonville.com/entertainment/home-and-garden/2013-08-17/story/raising-tent-your-home-bring-battle-termites", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/tenting-a-house-cost/", "http://home.costhelper.com/termite-control.html", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/tenting-a-house-cost/", "http://termite101.com/termite-fumigation.html", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/tenting-a-house-cost/", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/tenting-a-house-cost/" ] }

[ "1 The site also mentions the price for tenting a house for termite fumigation, which is reported as falling between $30 and $45 per one thousand cubic feet of area that will be covered." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "GYMNOSPERMS. Gymnosperms include all seed plants other than the angiosperms, or flowering plants. The absence of an enclosing structure is believed to be primitive, thus the first seed plants were gymnosperms.. The seeds of gymnosperms are borne exposed in open structures, such as cones or leaves. ", "The gametophytes in seed plants, like pine trees and oak trees, are unisexual and microscopic. They are found inside part of the sporophyte and rely completely on the sporophyte for nutrients. For example, in a pine tree, the male gametophyte that produces sperm is found inside a pollen grain. Alternation of generations is a type of life cycle found in all plants and some algae species. This process involves a multicellular diploid generation called a sporophyte and a multicellular haploid generation called a gametophyte.", "The male gametophyte (sperm) is in the anther of a plant. This structure is responsible for making pollen. So the male gametophyte is always contained in a pollen grain (A). Magic Man · 8 years ago. ", "A comparison of the male gametophytes among seed plants has been carried out but focused on the evolution of pollen grain polarity and siphonogamy (see Rudall and Bateman 2007). In gymnosperms, a review on pollen tube growth and development is available (see Fernando et al. 2005a), but it is limited to the conifers. In gymnosperms, pollen grains represent the developing male gametophytes that are surrounded by a complex wall, the pollen wall, composed of an outer layer called the exine (which is subdivided into ectexine and endexine) and the inner layer is the intine (Faegri and Iverson 1989).", "In addition, these exosporic gametophytes are normally bisexual (produce both sperm and eggs). In heterosporous vascular plants (plants that produce both microspores and megaspores), the gametophyte develops endosporically—within the spore wall. It develops from a spore by mitotic cell division. Spores are the products of meiosis in sporophytes. Gametophytes produce haploid gametes by mitosis. In some types of plants and algae (e.g. Ulva) gametes are isogamous --that is, the gametes are all of one size, shape and general morphology.", "Pollen grains are the male gametophytes in flowering plants. Inside the pollen grain, the microspore divides to form two cells, a tube cell and a cell that will act as the sperm. Cross walls break down between each pair of microsporangia, forming two large pollen sacs. ", "· just now. Report Abuse. In short: in angiosperms (flowering plants) the male and female gametophytes are reduced to three-celled and seven-celled structures and found within the reproductive organs of the familiar flowering plant (the sporophyte). Sniper of Goth · 8 years ago. Thumbs up. 0", "A gametophyte is the haploid multicellular stage in the alternation of generations life cycle of plants and algae. It develops from a spore by mitotic cell division. Spores are the products of meiosis in sporophytes. Gametophytes produce haploid gametes by mitosis. In some types of plants and algae (e.g. Ulva) gametes are isogamous --that is, the gametes are all of one size, shape and general morphology. In land plants, Anisogamy is universal. As in animals, female and male gametes are called, respectively, eggs and sperm", "Gymnosperms. Gymnosperms are one of the two groups of seed plants. The flowering plants (angiosperms), are the other. In going from mosses and ferns to the seed plants, we see a very significant difference in plant life cycles. In mosses and ferns the propagating units for new individuals are spores. A major distinction we can make between seed plants (gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the non-seed plants (mosses and ferns) is that seed plants are heterosporous and non-seed plants are homosporous. Back to the example of a gymnosperm, the pine tree" ], "url": [ "http://courses.washington.edu/bot113/summer/WebReadings/gymnospermPlants/gymnosperms.html", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/gametophyte-definition-lesson-quiz.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070723081635AAPinUj", "http://www.esf.edu/efb/faculty/documents/Fernandoetal.2010.pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gametophyte", "http://www.tulane.edu/~bfleury/diversity/labguide/gymangio.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070718151358AA6EdPs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gametophyte", "http://www.ohio.edu/people/braselto/readings/gymnosperms.html" ] }

[ "The gametophytes in seed plants, like pine trees and oak trees, are unisexual and microscopic. They are found inside part of the sporophyte and rely completely on the sporophyte for nutrients. For example, in a pine tree, the male gametophyte that produces sperm is found inside a pollen grain. Alternation of generations is a type of life cycle found in all plants and some algae species. This process involves a multicellular diploid generation called a sporophyte and a multicellular haploid generation called a gametophyte." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Almost any type of wood can be used for furniture, but the ones listed here are the most suitable, based on strength, durability, availability, and cost. The grain and color are classics that will probably fit in with other furniture. Some of the cheaper, softer woods are interesting, but are less durable. Ash is a very strong wood, often used for baseball bats and handles of tools. It is relatively inexpensive, sometimes even being used for residential wood trim, or for commercial unpainted furniture. Looks a lot like oak, with strong open grain and light color.", "But I like the look of cherry better than maple: the grain is more open, shows more figure, has a wider range of subtle colors and shading. But as with hickory, it isn't for everyone. As for cherry being 'trendy', I don't think so. Practially all of new kitchens you'll see on GW are all white. Of the samples, I prefer the way the maple looks as I didn't like the grain in the cherry (although my husband says that if you really like wood, you'd go with the cherry since it does have a grain). So, I thought we'd settled and picked mapl", "Although it may not be as hard as maple, it is very hard, and the difference would be barely discernible. I would have to take a knife to my cherry cabinets to scratch them, and I'm pretty sure that would scratch any wood. I agree that if you want the color of cherry you should go with the real thing. Of the samples, I prefer the way the maple looks as I didn't like the grain in the cherry (although my husband says that if you really like wood, you'd go with the cherry since it does have a grain). So, I thought we'd settled and picked maple", "Hickory Cabinets – The Pros. Many people know hickory wood for the distinctive flavoring it adds to all foods cooked over hickory wood, but it also lends a special touch to furniture. Hickory wood is tougher than oak or maple, meaning that hickory cabinets are strong and durable and will last a long, long time. Hickory cabinets can be sealed with a clear protective sealant to lock out moisture and keep them safe through years of use even in kitchens and bathrooms. Hickory cabinets are gorgeous enough without being painted over, and natural or stained hickory wood makes for the best hickory cabinets. Even without painting, you still have a variety of options for your hickory cabinets and can find the perfect color for your room or project.", "I like the cherry colour, but now realize you can get the warm, reddish cherry colour in other woods as well. The sales rep. has told us that cherry tends to show more of a grain while maple shows less and cherry will darken over time. Of the samples, I prefer the way the maple looks as I didn't like the grain in the cherry (although my husband says that if you really like wood, you'd go with the cherry since it does have a grain). So, I thought we'd settled and picked mapl", "The cabinet stain can carry the ball. For instance, even ordinary oak cabinets can be stained to a dark, rich mahogany wood-like appearance. As noted earlier, colors behave differently with different kind of woods--but you can leave that in the hands of your cabinet manufacturer. An espresso finish on maple looks much like an espresso finish on birch. ", "If you are looking for strength, hardness, and durability; Hickory is the best commercially available wood in North America. The grain is normally straight, but can sometimes be irregular or wavy. Hickory has a coarse texture, with a great deal of color variation between reddish brown, lighter brown, and white. ", "The natural maple cabinets in my previous home became more golden over time, but I expected it and liked it. A layer of glaze probably would slow the change but I wouldn't count on it if you really don't like the yellow tone. Like Bookmark January 2, 2009 at 11:23AM. Thank you for reporting this comment. " ], "url": [ "http://plesums.com/wood/choosingwood.html", "http://ths.gardenweb.com/discussions/2662774/maple-or-cherry-for-kitchen-cabinets", "http://ths.gardenweb.com/discussions/2662774/maple-or-cherry-for-kitchen-cabinets", "http://www.handyhomeowners.com/the-pros-and-cons-of-hickory-cabinets", "http://ths.gardenweb.com/discussions/2662774/maple-or-cherry-for-kitchen-cabinets", "http://homerenovations.about.com/od/kitchencabinets/ss/NewKitchenCabinets.htm", "https://www.osbornewood.com/woodtypes.aspx", "http://ths.gardenweb.com/discussions/2411972/natural-maple-cabinets-aging-fading-and-glazehelp" ] }

[ "Hickory Cabinets – The Pros. Many people know hickory wood for the distinctive flavoring it adds to all foods cooked over hickory wood, but it also lends a special touch to furniture. Hickory wood is tougher than oak or maple, meaning that hickory cabinets are strong and durable and will last a long, long time. Hickory cabinets can be sealed with a clear protective sealant to lock out moisture and keep them safe through years of use even in kitchens and bathrooms. Hickory cabinets are gorgeous enough without being painted over, and natural or stained hickory wood makes for the best hickory cabinets. Even without painting, you still have a variety of options for your hickory cabinets and can find the perfect color for your room or project." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Coal is formed from plant life buried in the Earth millions of years ago. Like Petroleum and natural gas, it is a carbon-based fossil fuel. Coal is called a fossil fuel b … ecause it was formed from the remains of vegetation that grew as long ago as 400 million years.", "Coal is an organic sedimentary rock that forms from the accumulation and preservation of plant materials, usually in a swamp environment.", "Coal is formed when peat is altered physically and chemically. This process is called coalification.. During coalification, peat undergoes several changes as a result of bacterial decay, compaction, heat, and time.", "Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock composed mostly of carbon and hydrocarbons. Coal is made of the remains of ancient trees and plants that grew in great swampy jungles in warm, moist climates hundreds of millions of years ago.", "Coal formation. Coal is a black or brownish black combustible mineral formed about 300 million years ago when the earth was covered by swampy forests of scale tress (lycopods) giant ferns, horsetails, and club mosses. Layer upon layer of these plants died and were compressed and then covered with soil.", "Tens of millions of years. Coal is a fossil fuel created from the remains of plants that lived and died about 100 to 400 million years ago when parts of the earth we … re covered with huge swampy forests. Coal is classified as a nonrenewable energy source because it takes millions of years to form.", "The same types of forces also created coal, but there are a few differences. Coal formed from the dead remains of trees, ferns and other plants that lived 300 to 400 million years ago. In some areas, such as portions of what-is-now the eastern United States, coal was formed from swamps covered by sea water." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_is_coal_formed", "http://geology.com/rocks/coal.shtml", "http://www.uky.edu/KGS/coal/coalform.htm", "http://www.eschooltoday.com/energy/non-renewable-energy/what-is-coal.html", "http://www.stovesonline.co.uk/how-coal-formed.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_is_coal_formed", "http://www.fe.doe.gov/education/energylessons/coal/gen_howformed.html" ] }

[ "Coal is formed from plant life buried in the Earth millions of years ago. Like Petroleum and natural gas, it is a carbon-based fossil fuel. Coal is called a fossil fuel b … ecause it was formed from the remains of vegetation that grew as long ago as 400 million years." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Bricks, blocks and mortar (sand & cement) calculator. This Calculator/Estimator will provide the quantities of bricks, blocks and mortar (sand & cement) required for a given area for metric bricks (single & double skins) as well as 100mm, 140mm & 215mm blockwork. It will also provide approximate brick work prices. ", "Re: A Block Wall Estimate. 144 square inches. To determine the price per square foot you need to add the total cost of the work to the amount of profit you want to make and then divide that number (the price) by the length (100) and then divide again by the height (6).", "3. Calculate the number of blocks and the amount of mortar needed for the wall. Allowing for a standard 3/8-inch mortar joint, it takes 225 4-inch tall by 16-inch long blocks and 13.5 cubic feet of mortar, regardless of width to build 100 square feet of wall. It takes 112.5 8-inch by 16-inch blocks and 8.5 cubic feet of mortar, regardless of width to cover the same area. To accurately estimate the cost of construction for a block wall, you'll need to know the requirements of your particular application as well as the building code specifications for your area.", "As an example only, if it costs you $5,000 to do the work and you want to earn $500 profit then the price is $5,500. A price of $5,500 divided by a wall length of 100 feet divided by a wall height of 6 feet = $1.83 per square foot. Quote: To determine the price per square foot you need to add the total cost of the work to the amount of profit you want to make and then divide that number (the price) by the length (100) and then divide again by the height (6).", "Our free calculator uses recent, trusted data to estimate costs for your Concrete Block Wall Installation project. For a basic 120 square feet project in zip code 47474, the benchmark cost to Install a Concrete Block Wall ranges between $8.59 - $11.70 per square foot* . To estimate costs for your project: 1. Set Project Zip Code Enter the Zip Code for the location where labor is hired and materials purchased", "There are several formulas to figure out how many blocks are needed for a wall project, but the first step is to determine the width and height of the wall, in inches. Once you know the size of your wall, calculate the square footage by multiplying the width(in feet) times the height(in feet). ", "A natural stone wall will cost around $8 to $12 per square foot based on the type of stone chosen. A concrete block wall costs $6.10 to $7.60 per linear foot. Homeowners will also need to pay for any other materials needed, including steel bars, sand to keep the stones from rubbing against each other and mortar. Cost of Materials. The cost of adding a new wall to a home depends on the material used. Brick walls are often an affordable option, and a hollow brick wall costs around $25.40 per square foot. Hollow bricks feature a unique design with a durable shell and a hollow space in the center of each brick.", "The masonry price list, costs for pavers, stone, brick, block, footings, brick work, Delaware County, PA and Philly. Quality Masonry Work by Contractors Solutions Inc. Costs for Construction by the Trades in the Delaware Valley. " ], "url": [ "http://source4me.co.uk/calculate_brick_block_mortar.php", "http://www.contractortalk.com/f4/block-wall-estimate-1439/", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/estimate-block-wall-costs-37498.html", "http://www.contractortalk.com/f4/block-wall-estimate-1439/", "http://www.homewyse.com/services/cost_to_install_concrete_block_wall.html", "http://www.inchcalculator.com/concrete-block-calculator/", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/walls-and-ceilings/install-a-brick-stone-or-block-wall/", "http://contractorssolutions.com/masonry_pricelist.htm" ] }

[ "A natural stone wall will cost around $8 to $12 per square foot based on the type of stone chosen. A concrete block wall costs $6.10 to $7.60 per linear foot. Homeowners will also need to pay for any other materials needed, including steel bars, sand to keep the stones from rubbing against each other and mortar. Cost of Materials. The cost of adding a new wall to a home depends on the material used. Brick walls are often an affordable option, and a hollow brick wall costs around $25.40 per square foot. Hollow bricks feature a unique design with a durable shell and a hollow space in the center of each brick." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Your private obstetrician will see you regularly at her or his consulting rooms during your pregnancy. Some private obstetricians also employ a midwife in their consulting rooms to help with routine checks, organise tests and scans, and give information about pregnancy and childbirth. Your obstetrician might:", "If you have the appropriate private health insurance (or are uninsured and willing to pay) you can choose a private obstetrician to provide your antenatal care and attend your birth in a private or public hospital. Obstetricians are doctors specialising in pregnancy and childbirth.", "When booking into a hospital, you will need to either choose a private hospital at which your obstetrician attends (usually they are affiliated with 2-3 hospitals), or if you prefer you can book a hospital first, then ask for a list of obstetricians who attend that hospital.", "If you have private health insurance, or if you are willing to pay the cost of the hospital care you can choose your own care giver-an obstetrician or independent midwife-and choose a private hospital or a public hospital for the birth.", "1 You can also contact your nearest public or private hospital and find out which Obstetricians or GP Obstetricians have admitting rights (that is, work at that hospital). 2 You may be able to find an obstetrician by looking in the Yellow Pages directory under Medical Practitioners: Specialty Guide: Obstetrics.", "1 If you choose to be cared for by a private obstetrician in a private hospital, you will need a referral from a GP. 2 or. 3 private midwife care—your care is provided by a midwife, or group of midwives, from a private group practice or hospital. 4 You can choose to have your baby in hospital or at home.", "Choosing your obstetrician. You can choose the obstetrician you want for your pregnancy care and birth. You need to see your GP to get a referral. You might be limited with hospital choices, depending on where your obstetrician practises.", "If you don’t have private health insurance, you can still attend a private hospital, however you will need to cover the entire cost yourself, which will cost many thousands of dollars and will vary depending on what’s needed during the birth and what consumables you use.", "You cannot book into a private hospital without a private obstetrician. Even if you bring your own private midwife, you will still need to be under the care of a private obstetrician who is affiliated with that hospital, regardless of any situation." ], "url": [ "http://birthchoices.raisingchildren.net.au/carers/private_hospital/obstetrician/index.html", "http://www.pregnancy.com.au/pregnancy-information/pregnancy-care/pregnancy-choices-who-do-you-see.shtml", "http://www.bellybelly.com.au/pregnancy/public-private-or-home/", "http://www.cyh.com/HealthTopics/HealthTopicDetails.aspx?p=438&np=458&id=2750", "http://www.cyh.com/HealthTopics/HealthTopicDetails.aspx?p=438&np=458&id=2750", "https://www.qld.gov.au/health/children/pregnancy/birth-centres/", "http://birthchoices.raisingchildren.net.au/carers/private_hospital/obstetrician/index.html", "http://www.bellybelly.com.au/pregnancy/public-private-or-home/", "http://www.bellybelly.com.au/pregnancy/public-private-or-home/" ] }

[ "When booking into a hospital, you will need to either choose a private hospital at which your obstetrician attends (usually they are affiliated with 2-3 hospitals), or if you prefer you can book a hospital first, then ask for a list of obstetricians who attend that hospital." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Medical Definition of ETHNOMEDICINE. : the comparative study of how different cultures view disease and how they treat or prevent it; also: the medical beliefs and practices of indigenous cultures. — eth·no·med·i·cal \\-ˈmed-i-kəl\\ adjective. Dictionary: Definition of ethnomedicine. What made you want to look up ethnomedicine?", "Medical Definition of ETHNOMEDICINE. : the comparative study of how different cultures view disease and how they treat or prevent it; also: the medical beliefs and practices of indigenous cultures. — eth·no·med·i·cal \\-ˈme-di-kəl\\ adjective. ADVERTISEMENT.", "Ethnomedicine explores the medical institutions and the manner in which peoples cope with illness and disease as a result of their cultural perspective. A broad field of study, ethnomedical study is a cumulative product of various fields of study, including ecology, epidemiology, and medical history." ], "url": [ "http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/ethnomedicine", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ethnomedicine", "http://medanth.wikispaces.com/Ethnomedicine" ] }

[ "Medical Definition of ETHNOMEDICINE. : the comparative study of how different cultures view disease and how they treat or prevent it; also: the medical beliefs and practices of indigenous cultures. — eth·no·med·i·cal \\-ˈme-di-kəl\\ adjective. ADVERTISEMENT." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "KLM, legally Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij N.V. (Royal Dutch Airlines), is the flag carrier airline of the Netherlands. It is headquartered in Amstelveen, with its hub at nearby Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. KLM's head office is located in Amstelveen, on a 16-acre (6.5 ha) site near Schiphol Airport. The current KLM headquarters was built between 1968 and 1970. Before the opening of the new headquarters, the airline's head office was on the property of Schiphol Airport in the Haarlemmermeer.", "KLM Cityhopper is the regional subsidiary of KLM Royal Dutch Airlines (part of the Air France-KLM group). The airline's head office, the Convair Building, is on the grounds of Amsterdam Airport Schiphol in Schiphol-Oost, Haarlemmermeer. It operates short haul services in Europe on behalf of its parent company, KLM. Several of KLM’s internal European routes are operated by both KLM and KLM Cityhopper, depending on the time of day, the day of the week, and the time of year. New services to Bilbao (Spain), Turin (Italy) & Zagreb (Croatia) - commenced in May 2014.", "KLM has a reputation to be one of the safest airlines in the world, and has a large social media presence. Part of the Air France–KLM group, it is a member of the SkyTeam airline alliance. It uses Flying Blue as its frequent-flyer program, and has codeshare agreements with both SkyTeam members and non-SkyTeam members. KLM's head office is located in Amstelveen, on a 16-acre (6.5 ha) site near Schiphol Airport. The current KLM headquarters was built between 1968 and 1970. Before the opening of the new headquarters, the airline's head office was on the property of Schiphol Airport in the Haarlemmermeer.", "On 7 October 1919, KLM (which is the abbreviation for Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij which literally means Royal Aviation Company in English) was founded by Plesman in The Hague as one of the world's first commercial airline companies. The first KLM flight took place on 17 May 1920. KLM's head office is located in Amstelveen, on a 16-acre (6.5 ha) site near Schiphol Airport. The current KLM headquarters was built between 1968 and 1970. Before the opening of the new headquarters, the airline's head office was on the property of Schiphol Airport in the Haarlemmermeer.", "5 Reasons to fly with KLM: •Customers can contact KLM’s customer service team through the airline’s social media network 24 hours a day 7 days a week in English, Dutch, Spanish, German, Japanese, Portuguese, Italian, Russian and Norwegian. KLM Airlines Check-in. Time to Check-in. Make sure you arrive at the airport no later than 90 minutes before your flight is ready to depart. Go through security no later than 60 minutes before departure. Boarding starts 45 minutes before your flight, and gates close 20 minutes before departure.", "Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij N.V. (Royal Dutch Airlines), known by its initials KLM, is the flag carrier airline of the Netherlands. KLM operates scheduled passenger services to more than 90 destinations worldwide. ", "From 30 hours before departure (24 hours before flights to or from the United States). Choose your seat, see who’s on board and bring more baggage at a discount. Get your (e-)boarding pass. Order an a à la carte, meal add more baggage and arrange handy. Services check in. Online from 30 hours before (departure 24 hours before flights to or from The United). States choose your, seat see’who s on board and bring more baggage at a. Discount get (your-)e boarding. pass", "Just wait on the line. This phone number is popular with other KLM Royal Dutch Airlines customers, but be sure to follow the 6 steps further down. 3 mins average hold time. call 8am-7:30pm EST." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KLM", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KLM_Cityhopper", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KLM", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KLM", "http://www.cheapflights.com/news/klm-airlines/", "https://dream.klm.com/ca_en", "https://www.klm.com/home/us/en", "https://gethuman.com/phone-number/KLM-Royal-Dutch-Airlines" ] }

[ "KLM, legally Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij N.V. (Royal Dutch Airlines), is the flag carrier airline of the Netherlands. It is headquartered in Amstelveen, with its hub at nearby Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. KLM's head office is located in Amstelveen, on a 16-acre (6.5 ha) site near Schiphol Airport. The current KLM headquarters was built between 1968 and 1970. Before the opening of the new headquarters, the airline's head office was on the property of Schiphol Airport in the Haarlemmermeer." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The variety of Labradorite stone found in Finland in the 1940's is usually called Spectrolite. One Labradorite meaning is as a gemstone of destiny because it opens up your psychic abilities by connecting you to the Universal flow of energies that permeates our world and universe. ", "Labradorite Earrings. Labradorite Crystal is a stone of magic, awakening within you mystical and magical abilities and psychic powers. It has within it a deeply felt resonance that is very powerful, and it can be used to bring amazing changes to your life. Where Does It Come From ... The meaning of this stone comes from the location in which it was first found, as it was named after Labrador in Canada. It is also found in Finland, Greenland, Scandinavia, Russia, Italy, Madagascar, Mexico and the USA.", "In crystal healing and folklore, Labradorite is said to help with eyes, sight, diagnosis, brain, digestion, metabolism, warts. Note that healing crystal meanings are spiritual supports to healing and are not prescriptions or healthcare information. Labradorite (also called Spectrolite sometimes) is a considered by mystics to be a stone of transformation and magic. It is said to clear, balance and protect the aura, as well as being an excellent stone for general protection.", "Healing Properties of Labradorite. Labradorite Gemstone. The Labradorite gemstone is a semi-precious healing stone that can help reduce anxiety, build perseverance, and strengthen psychic abilities. Learn about the properties of this stone. This is one of the stones that I had purchased on our past vacation. ", "Labradorite Gemstone meaning. Labradorite is a power stone, allowing you to see through illusions and determine the actual form of your dreams and goals. It is excellent for strengthening intuitions. Use labradorite to: 1 Stimulate imagination. 2 Develop enthusiasm and thus, new ideas", "Labradorite is a member of the Feldspar family and is treasured for its remarkable play of color, known as labradorescence. The stone, usually gray-green, dark gray, black or grayish-white, is composed in aggregate layers that refract light as iridescent flashes of peacock blue, gold, pale green, or coppery red. Labradorite Chakra Healing and Balancing Energy. Labradorite radiates a predominant blue crystal energy that stimulates the Throat Chakra, the voice of the body. It is, in essence, a pressure valve that allows the energy from the other chakras to be expressed.", "Labradorite spiritual meaning. Labradorite spiritual meaning is probably not popularly known across the globe especially for the common public, but for the avid gemstone and jewel collectors, it is very clear and sought after. Labradorite stone meaning believed as high regards by ancient people, and it is still the same even now. Labradorite is a stone surrounded with myth, and thus holding special meaning when it comes to self-discovery, especially related to psychic abilities.", "All in all, Labradorite spiritual meaning is not the only things that makes this jewel very popular, you can also find a lot of stunningly beautiful decorations and jewelry made using this gemstone. Labradorite stone meaning believed as high regards by ancient people, and it is still the same even now. Labradorite is a stone surrounded with myth, and thus holding special meaning when it comes to self-discovery, especially related to psychic abilities.", "Labradorite. abradorite has beautiful colors. Learn about its crystal meanings and metaphysitcal and healing properties lore. Labradorite (also called Spectrolite sometimes) is a considered by mystics to be a stone of transformation and magic. It is said to clear, balance and protect the aura, as well as being an excellent stone for general protection." ], "url": [ "http://www.gemstone-dictionary.com/labradorite.php", "http://www.healing-crystals-for-you.com/labradorite-crystal.html", "http://meanings.crystalsandjewelry.com/labradorite", "http://www.intuitivejournal.com/labradorite/", "http://www.crystal-cure.com/labradorite.html", "http://www.crystalvaults.com/crystal-encyclopedia/labradorite", "http://gemstonemeanings.us/labradorite-stone-meaning/", "http://gemstonemeanings.us/labradorite-stone-meaning/", "http://meanings.crystalsandjewelry.com/labradorite" ] }

[ "Labradorite Gemstone meaning. Labradorite is a power stone, allowing you to see through illusions and determine the actual form of your dreams and goals. It is excellent for strengthening intuitions. Use labradorite to: 1 Stimulate imagination. 2 Develop enthusiasm and thus, new ideas" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Medical biller salary. Medical biller’s salary in the United States is around $33,812 per annum. The annual salary for the upper 10 percent medical billers is around more than $47,180 per year, while the lower 10 percent of them earn less than $21,320 per year.", "Medical coder salary. Average medical coder’s salary in the United States is around $45,693 per annum. The annual salary for the upper 10 percent medical coders is around more than $53,430 per year, while the lower 10 percent of them earn less than $21,240 per year.", "Salary Ranges. The 2008 AAPC survey showed that the average salary for a medical coder was $43,500 for a certified coder and $36,500 for a non-certified coder. They found that the average starting salary was $14.73 per hour when starting, and went up to $23.37 per hour after fifteen years in the field.", "Hospital Coder Salary. (United States). Hospital Coders in the United States are largely female. The average salary of the entire group is approximately $19.57 per hour. Lower pay rates hover around $13.96 per hour, and the higher rates verge on $27.98.", "Medical coder salary in USA. An average starting hourly wage for a medical coder in the United States ranges from between $10.97 – $23.07 per hour which gradually increases from $8.23 – $35.58 overtime. An average yearly bonus for a medical coder is around $1,016 will be included. The yearly profit sharing ranges from between $350.00 – $4,875 per year. Therefore, the total annual salary for a medical coder ranges from between $23,124 – $50,789 per annum." ], "url": [ "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/administration/medical-biller-salary", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/administration/medical-coder-salary", "http://www.medicalbillingandcodingworld.com/how-much-does-a-medical-coder-make", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Hospital_Coder/Hourly_Rate", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/administration/medical-coder-salary" ] }

[ "Medical coder salary. Average medical coder’s salary in the United States is around $45,693 per annum. The annual salary for the upper 10 percent medical coders is around more than $53,430 per year, while the lower 10 percent of them earn less than $21,240 per year." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Type 1 Diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults, and was previously known as juvenile diabetes. Only 5% of people with diabetes have this form of the disease.", "Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), also known as type 1 diabetes, usually starts before 15 years of age, but can occur in adults also. Diabetes involves the pancreas gland, which is located behind the stomach (Picture 1). The special cells (beta cells) of the pancreas produce a hormone called insulin.", "Type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes (previously known as insulin-dependent, juvenile or childhood-onset) is characterized by deficient insulin production and requires daily administration of insulin. The cause of type 1 diabetes is not known and it is not preventable with current knowledge.", "Another type of diabetes is type 2, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Type 2 diabetes is more common than type 1. About 9 out of 10 people with diabetes have type 2. Type 2 DM used to occur mostly in adults, but is becoming increasingly more common in children.", "No. Type 1 diabetes is known as insulin-dependent or juvenile onset diabetes. The causes of type 2 diabetes can either be a lack of insulin sensitivity or insulin production p … roblem. Some people with type 2 diabetes take insulin, but it is not known as insulin-dependen", "Idiopathic diabetes is divided into two main types; insulin dependent and non-insulin-dependent. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM (more commonly referred to as type 1 diabetes) is defined by the development of ketoacidosis in the absence of insulin therapy. See the Diabetic Ketoacidosis diagnosis and treatment page." ], "url": [ "http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/type-1/", "http://www.nationwidechildrens.org/insulin-dependent-diabetes-mellitus", "http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs312/en/", "http://www.nationwidechildrens.org/insulin-dependent-diabetes-mellitus", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Is_Type_II_diabetes_known_as_non-insulin_dependent_diabetes", "http://www.themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/diabetes.php" ] }

[ "Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), also known as type 1 diabetes, usually starts before 15 years of age, but can occur in adults also. Diabetes involves the pancreas gland, which is located behind the stomach (Picture 1). The special cells (beta cells) of the pancreas produce a hormone called insulin." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Receptacle blocked means your box could not be accessed, either because of snow-covered roads that hadn't been cleared, or by vehicles parked in the way. However, if that was the case, you wouldn't have had a notice left, either. So, the wrong thing was entered into the scanner as far as leaving the notice. I have made a post about this before. I'll give you the details. My first package (from eBay) was supposed to come on 9/11/13, it did not. They said that they left a notice and they did not. I, through their website, requested them to redeliver on 3 different dates and they failed to do so.", "1. a place of business for retailing goods. 2. receptacle providing a place in a wiring system where current can be taken to run electrical devices. 3. an opening that permits escape or release. 4. activity that frees or expresses creative energy or emotion. Familiarity information: OUTLET used as a noun is uncommon. Synonyms: electric outlet; electric receptacle; electrical outlet; wall plug; wall socket; outlet. Hypernyms (outlet is a kind of...): receptacle (an electrical (or electronic) fitting that is connected to a source of power and equipped to receive an insert).", "Answers. Best Answer: It means that there was a vehicle or some other object blocking the mailbox. Generally they will try again the next day, but if it happens too many times they will return the package to the sender. Source(s): Rev · 2 years ago. 1 You can only upload files of type 3GP, 3GPP, MP4, MOV, AVI, MPG, MPEG, or RM. 2 You can only upload photos smaller than 5 MB. 3 You can only upload videos smaller than 600MB. 4 You can only upload a photo (png, jpg, jpeg) or a video (3gp, 3gpp, mp4, mov, avi, mpg, mpeg, rm). 5 You can only upload a photo or a video.", "Receptacle. In botany, the receptacle is the thickened part of a stem from which the flower organs grow. In some accessory fruits, for example the pome and strawberry, the receptacle gives rise to the edible part of the fruit. The fruit of Rubus species is a cluster of drupelets on top of a conical receptacle.", "A circuit breaker (or receptacle) that can trip off for line-to-neutral arcing (which would not soon trip a standard breaker) or also for in-line (series) arcing. Required for new bedroom circuits since 2002 and most rooms of new houses since 2008. See AFCI. For instance, a wire has become too loose at the terminals on a receptacle or at a wire connector. It is hard to think of a gap like this as opening the circuit, since it seems like it has the effect of closing it down. I agree that the technical term open, and its opposite closed are a poor choice of words.", "So I put in my email so they can give me up to date info on my package. And its in the town I live in but it brings up that notice left receptacle blocked message. Theres alot of snow on tbe roads. I have made a post about this before. I'll give you the details. My first package (from eBay) was supposed to come on 9/11/13, it did not. They said that they left a notice and they did not. I, through their website, requested them to redeliver on 3 different dates and they failed to do so.", "1 You can only upload photos smaller than 5 MB. 2 You can only upload videos smaller than 600MB. 3 You can only upload a photo (png, jpg, jpeg) or a video (3gp, 3gpp, mp4, mov, avi, mpg, mpeg, rm). 4 You can only upload a photo or a video. 1 You can only upload files of type 3GP, 3GPP, MP4, MOV, AVI, MPG, MPEG, or RM. 2 You can only upload photos smaller than 5 MB. 3 You can only upload videos smaller than 600MB. 4 You can only upload a photo (png, jpg, jpeg) or a video (3gp, 3gpp, mp4, mov, avi, mpg, mpeg, rm). 5", "Receptacle (noun). that which serves, or is used, for receiving and containing something, as a basket, a vase, a bag, a reservoir; a repository. Receptacle (noun). the apex of the flower stalk, from which the organs of the flower grow, or into which they are inserted. In botany, the receptacle is the thickened part of a stem from which the flower organs grow. In some accessory fruits, for example the pome and strawberry, the receptacle gives rise to the edible part of the fruit. The fruit of Rubus species is a cluster of drupelets on top of a conical receptacle.", "So I put in my email so they can give me up to date info on my package. And its in the town I live in but it brings up that notice left receptacle blocked message. Theres alot of snow on tbe roads. 1 You can only upload photos smaller than 5 MB. 2 You can only upload videos smaller than 600MB. 3 You can only upload a photo (png, jpg, jpeg) or a video (3gp, 3gpp, mp4, mov, avi, mpg, mpeg, rm). 4 You can only upload a photo or a video.", "Best Answer: Receptacle blocked means your box could not be accessed, either because of snow-covered roads that hadn't been cleared, or by vehicles parked in the way. However, if that was the case, you wouldn't have had a notice left, either. So, the wrong thing was entered into the scanner as far as leaving the notice. 1 You can only upload photos smaller than 5 MB. 2 You can only upload videos smaller than 600MB. 3 You can only upload a photo (png, jpg, jpeg) or a video (3gp, 3gpp, mp4, mov, avi, mpg, mpeg, rm). 4 You can only upload a photo or a video." ], "url": [ "http://www.myquickanswers.net/what-does-notice-left-receptacle-blocked-mean-on-usps-tracking/", "http://www.audioenglish.org/dictionary/outlet.htm", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20131209164237AA0ECL8", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/receptacle", "http://www.thecircuitdetective.com/glossary.htm", "http://www.myquickanswers.net/what-does-notice-left-receptacle-blocked-mean-on-usps-tracking/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20131209164237AA0ECL8", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/receptacle", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20140205100800AAhxH6h", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20140205100800AAhxH6h" ] }

[ "Best Answer: Receptacle blocked means your box could not be accessed, either because of snow-covered roads that hadn't been cleared, or by vehicles parked in the way. However, if that was the case, you wouldn't have had a notice left, either. So, the wrong thing was entered into the scanner as far as leaving the notice. 1 You can only upload photos smaller than 5 MB. 2 You can only upload videos smaller than 600MB. 3 You can only upload a photo (png, jpg, jpeg) or a video (3gp, 3gpp, mp4, mov, avi, mpg, mpeg, rm). 4 You can only upload a photo or a video." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "As a functional group, benzene and substituted benzenes are called arenes. Nomenclature: Functional group suffix = -benzene (review) Functional group prefix = phenyl-Substituted benzenes are usually named as such. The relative positions can be denoted as 1,2- = ortho-, 1,3- = meta-and 1,4- = para-substitution. When polysubstituted, the numbers alone are used, e.g. 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene.", "Benzene is an important organic chemical compound with the chemical formula C 6 H 6. Its molecule is composed of 6 carbon atoms joined in a ring, with 1 hydrogen atom attached to each carbon atom. Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon and the second [ n ]- annulene ([6]-annulene), a cyclic hydrocarbon with a continuous pi bond. It is sometimes abbreviated Ph –H. Benzene is a colorless and highly flammable liquid with a sweet smell.", "In organic chemistry, functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules arranged in a specific manner. The following tables list common functional groups arranged by heteroatom. The symbols R, R', R'' and R''' usually denote a hydrocarbon chain or a hydrogen but can sometimes be any group of atoms. ", "The same functional group will undergo the same or similar chemical reaction(s) regardless of the size of the molecule it is a part of. The first carbon atom after the carbon that attaches to the functional group is called the alpha carbon; the second, beta carbon, the third, gamma carbon, etc.", "This group is a common ring group. It is a benzene ring where one hydrogen atom is replaced by the R substituent group. Phenyl groups are often denoted by the abbreviation Ph in structures and formulas. Phenyl groups have formula C 6 H 5. 3. Ketone Functional Group. A ketone is a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom that appears as a bridge between two other parts of a molecule. Another name for this group is the carbonyl functional group. Note how the aldehyde is a ketone where one R is the hydrogen atom.", "Hydroxyl Functional Group. In organic chemistry the hydroxyl group is define as the functional group in alcohols also being a part of other organic chemical structure like natural products, drugs, and present in some biochemical structurea€”structureâ in sugars and in some amino acids like threonine and. phospholipids For example, Phosphate group is an example of that functional group in which there is multiple bonds with hetero atom like phosphorus. In phosphate functional group one of the oxygen atoms bonded with phosphorus atom as well as one alkyl group.", "1 The method should be used when the benzene ring is a substituent of the root (the root contains the principle functional group). 2 Principle functional group is an alkene therefore suffix = - ene. 3 The longest continuous chain is C2 therefore root = eth. 4 The benzene ring is a substituent therefore = phenyl. ", "In organic chemistry, functional groups are specific groups (moieties) of atoms or bonds within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. The first carbon atom after the carbon that attaches to the functional group is called the alpha carbon; the second, beta carbon, the third, gamma carbon, etc." ], "url": [ "http://www.mhhe.com/physsci/chemistry/carey/student/olc/ch11benzene.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzene", "http://www.ochemonline.com/Functional_groups", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_group", "http://chemistry.about.com/od/organicchemistry/tp/Common-Organic-Functional-Groups.htm", "http://chemistry.tutorvista.com/organic-chemistry/functional-groups.html", "http://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/350/orgnom/aromatics/aromatics-03.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_group" ] }

[ "As a functional group, benzene and substituted benzenes are called arenes. Nomenclature: Functional group suffix = -benzene (review) Functional group prefix = phenyl-Substituted benzenes are usually named as such. The relative positions can be denoted as 1,2- = ortho-, 1,3- = meta-and 1,4- = para-substitution. When polysubstituted, the numbers alone are used, e.g. 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "You can also freeze garlic that has been pureed in oil. This is nice because the oil keeps the mixture from freezing solid and it can be spooned out as needed, another help for busy cooks. To make frozen garlic oil puree, place one part peeled garlic cloves in a blender or food processor along with two parts olive oil. There are six excellent methods for preserving garlic. They are freezing garlic, drying garlic, garlic vinegar, garlic salt, garlic oil, and refrigerator garlic pickles. Before we examine the specific preservation methods, I want to emphasize that preserving garlic in oil is not safe unless the garlic oil is frozen", "While onions can withstand frost with protection, a hard freeze -- where the temperature drops below 28 degrees F -- means you need to harvest your crop or risk losing it. Even coverings won’t protect your onions. Frost happens on a clear, calm night as the temperature briefly drops to a few degrees below freezing. Your onions usually survive this bit of cold with relative ease. A freeze, on the other hand, is prolonged cold below 28 degrees Fahrenheit that damages onions by allowing ice crystals to form in the tissues. Semi-hardy vegetables like onions can recover from one or two light frosts of around 31 degrees F", "Many shrubs will withstand freezing temperatures, and unless temperatures are expected to drop into the low 20s or teens, few cover these shrubs. Azaleas. Some gardeners cover azaleas, especially when in bloom, during a hard freeze. The plants will survive covered or not, but frost will ruin any flowers. Will suffer considerable top damage, and with sustained below-freezing temperatures, they'll die. After a freeze, remove soggy, freeze-damaged plant material from soft-stemmed plants. Alyssum, calendula, cyclamen, dianthus, pansies, stock. Can survive a dip into the 20s without cover.", "The plants may suffer frost or a small freeze and will survive the weather.• Garlic will begin to emerge in early spring. A foliar application of fertilizer or two is beneficial up to May 15. Do not fertilize after May 15 as this is detrimental.• Garlic needs about 1 of water per week during the growing season. ", "Best Answer: I've always planted in early Oct. My garlic is about 6 to 8 inches tall right now. A hard freeze will damage the new leaves, but should not kill it. It does slow down in winter, so dormant is not the correct word. For the lower zone 8 and 9, we plant in Oct/Nov. and harvest in late April to middle May.", "Perhaps the easiest way to preserve garlic is to freeze it. Just peel the cloves and place them in freezer bags in the freezer. Easier yet, simply place the unpeeled garlic in freezer bags and remove as needed. With both these methods, the cloves become a little mushy when they are thawed, but their flavor remains good. There are six excellent methods for preserving garlic. They are freezing garlic, drying garlic, garlic vinegar, garlic salt, garlic oil, and refrigerator garlic pickles. Before we examine the specific preservation methods, I want to emphasize that preserving garlic in oil is not safe unless the garlic oil is frozen", "1 Garlic can be planted in the spring as soon as the ground can be worked, but fall planting is recommended for most gardeners. 2 Plant in the fall and you'll find that your bulbs are bigger and more flavorful when you harvest the next summer. 3 In areas that get a hard frost, plant garlic 6 to 8 weeks before that frost. My question is concerning the flowering portion of the garlic. I planted garlic for the first time in the fall of 2012. But, due to my lack of knowledge and research I allowed the garlic to stay in the ground too long and it is now flowering." ], "url": [ "http://www.vegkitchen.com/tips/preserving-garlic/", "http://motherhood.modernmom.com/onions-frost-freeze-resistant-10156.html", "http://www.chron.com/life/gardening/article/Plant-by-plant-freeze-information-1766802.php", "http://www.seedsavers.org/site/pdf/Garlic_GrowingGuide.pdf", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20091120065251AAkwlmS", "http://www.vegkitchen.com/tips/preserving-garlic/", "http://www.almanac.com/plant/garlic" ] }

[ "1 Garlic can be planted in the spring as soon as the ground can be worked, but fall planting is recommended for most gardeners. 2 Plant in the fall and you'll find that your bulbs are bigger and more flavorful when you harvest the next summer. 3 In areas that get a hard frost, plant garlic 6 to 8 weeks before that frost. My question is concerning the flowering portion of the garlic. I planted garlic for the first time in the fall of 2012. But, due to my lack of knowledge and research I allowed the garlic to stay in the ground too long and it is now flowering." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Enroll in an LPN Program. Enroll in an LPN program to prepare yourself for the NCLEX-PN, or National Council Licensure Examination for Practical Nurses. LPNs in all states must become licensed by passing this exam, which is conducted by state nursing boards. The right LPN program will prepare you to successfully pass this crucial exam. The typical LPN program involves about a year of study and training.", "1 Enroll in and Complete a Vocational Training Program or LPN School – The only way to become an LPN is by becoming licensed as one in your state. 2 You cannot do that without passing the licensing exam that is administered by the local board of nursing. 1 Take the NCLEX-PN – Upon successfully completing your training as an LPN, you will be ready to take the NCLEX-PN, or National Council Licensure Examination-Practical Nurse. 2 It is administered by state boards", "Education. If you enroll in a full-time licensed practical nurse (LPN) training program, you may be prepared and qualified to take your licensing exam in as little as 9-12 months. These programs are available from many community colleges, vocational schools, and universities, and they may range from 43-78 credit hours", "Becoming a licensed practical nurse or a licensed vocational nurse is one way to enter the surging health care field without attending years of school. Students frequently complete their education and begin working within two years. Credentials for LPN/LVNs. In addition to state licensure, LPN/LVNs can also gain certification through a number of private organizations. The requirements are set forth by the certifying organization, but applicants typically must be licensed practical nurses who have completed an approved training program.", "If you'd like to get your foot in the door in the healthcare field, becoming a licensed practical nurse, or LPN, is an excellent first step. A large percentage of registered nurses start out as LPNs, and many healthcare administrators begin their careers as licensed practical nurses as well. LPNs in all states must become licensed by passing this exam, which is conducted by state nursing boards. The right LPN program will prepare you to successfully pass this crucial exam. The typical LPN program involves about a year of study and training.", "http://www.licensedpracticalnursecour... How to become a LPN, Licensed Practical Nurse. After completing an LPN degree program, you should take and pass the National Council Licensure Examination, generally known as NCLEX-PN, to be a fully Licensed Practical Nurse. Licensed Practical Nurse.", "While in LPN school you will attend classes to learn what you need to be an licensed practical nurse. In addition to classes you will complete clinical rotations where you care for patients under the supervision of your instructor. We know you have family and maybe even a job. During LPN School & Obtaining License. ", "Become a Licensed Practical Nurse. You can complete your LPN training in as little as 7 months to 1 year for a hospital certificate, or you can obtain a LPN degree in two years from a community college or trade school. You will also need to pass the N-CLEX-PN certificate examination to become nationally certified. ", "Licensing and/or Certification. LPNs are licensed by the state in which they practice. To obtain an LPN license, the state may require background checks and proof of education. Every state administers the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCLEX-PN) exam, which candidates have to pass to obtain their license. An LPN’s pathway to becoming an RN could be through an associate’s degree in nursing (LPN to ADN/RN) or a Bachelor of Science in Nursing degree (LPN to BSN/RN)." ], "url": [ "http://www.licensedpracticalnurse.net/how-to-become-an-lpn/", "http://www.licensedpracticalnurse.net/", "http://learn.org/articles/How_Long_Does_it_Take_to_Become_a_Licensed_Practical_Nurse_LPN.html", "http://www.learnhowtobecome.org/nurse/licensed-practical-nurse/", "http://www.licensedpracticalnurse.net/how-to-become-an-lpn/", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UA9nDD2sxvg", "http://www.practicalnursing.org/guides", "http://www.nursing-school.org/lpn.htm", "http://www.innerbody.com/careers-in-health/how-to-become-an-lpn.html" ] }

[ "Become a Licensed Practical Nurse. You can complete your LPN training in as little as 7 months to 1 year for a hospital certificate, or you can obtain a LPN degree in two years from a community college or trade school. You will also need to pass the N-CLEX-PN certificate examination to become nationally certified. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Answers. Best Answer: Simply put, bpg acts as a mediator, lowing the affinity hemoglobin (hb) has for oxygen. Seems bad but not. Normally it's affinity is 100 % lets say, bpg lowers it to 45 %. So when hb grabs on to O2 and goes by somatic cells that need O2 it is easyer for Hb to drop off the O2 starved cells. So, it regulates the transfer, pick up, and drop off of O2.", "2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) is a substance made in the red blood cells. It controls the movement of oxygen from red blood cells to body tissues. 2,3-DPG testing is done to help investigate both a deficiency in red blood cells (anemia) and an unexplained increase of red blood cells, called erythrocytosis. ", "The BPG is a national organization of a diverse group of people with a common goal in mind: The love of Buicks and Buick power! ", "This illness is characterized by a lack of iron, and as 2,3-BPG needs this chemical element to be synthesized, BPG concentration decreases and hemoglobin binds tightly to oxygen. As a result, oxygen release to tissue is reduced. Its synthesis and breakdown are, therefore, a way around a step of glycolysis, with the net expense of one ATP per molecule of 2,3-BPG generated as the high-energy carboxylic acid-phosphate mixed anhydride bond is cleaved by bisphosphoglycerate mutase.", "Please try again later. Hemoglobin is reponsible for carrying oxygen but that oxygen is no good if the transporter doesn't let go. Biochemically, we have molecules like CO2 and 2,3-BPG to force hemoglobin into a tight state where it gives up its oxygen. This behavior also has a lot to do with blood PH. Keywords: ", "This change removes two positive charges from the 2,3-BPG-binding site (one from each chain) and reduces the affinity of 2,3-BPG for fetal hemoglobin, thereby increasing the oxygen-binding affinity of fetal hemoglobin relative to that of maternal (adult) hemoglobin (Figure 10.24). This highly anionic compound is present in red blood cells at approximately the same concentration as that of hemoglobin (~ 2 mM). Without 2,3-BPG, hemoglobin would be an extremely inefficient oxygen transporter, releasing only 8% of its cargo in the tissues.", "2,3-Bisphosphoglyceric acid (2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate or 2,3-BPG, also known as 2,3-diphosphoglycerate or 2,3-DPG) is a three-carbon isomer of the glycolytic intermediate 1,3-bisphosphoglyceric acid (1,3-BPG). 2,3-BPG is present in human red blood cells (RBC; erythrocyte) at approximately 5 mmol/L. Its synthesis and breakdown are, therefore, a way around a step of glycolysis, with the net expense of one ATP per molecule of 2,3-BPG generated as the high-energy carboxylic acid-phosphate mixed anhydride bond is cleaved by bisphosphoglycerate mutase.", "BPG in hemoglobin means allosteric effector, that binds to the site that is completely remote from that active site for oxygen. The amount of BPG in red cells determines the o … xygen affinity of hemoglobin. SPG stands for steals per game, BPG stands for blocks per game, FG stands … for field goal, FT stands for Free Throw, 3P stands for 3 pointer, and MPG stands for minutes per game. 9 people found this useful.", "In pregnant women, there is a 30% increase in intracellular 2,3-BPG. This lowers the maternal hemoglobin affinity for oxygen, and therefore allows more oxygen to be offloaded to the fetus in the maternal uterine arteries. The foetus has a low sensitivity to 2,3-BPG, so its hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen. Its synthesis and breakdown are, therefore, a way around a step of glycolysis, with the net expense of one ATP per molecule of 2,3-BPG generated as the high-energy carboxylic acid-phosphate mixed anhydride bond is cleaved by bisphosphoglycerate mutase.", "The fastest and easiest way to open your BPG file is to double-click it. This allows the intelligence of Windows to decide the correct software application to open your BPG file. In the case that your BPG file doesn't open, it is highly likely that you do not have the correct software application installed on your PC to view or edit BPG file extensions. If your PC opens the BPG file, but it's the wrong application, you'll need to change your Windows registry file association settings. Windows might tell you that you can't open it, or in the worst case, you might encounter a BPG file related error message. Before you can open a BPG file, you'll need to figure out what kind of file the BPG file extension refers to." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20061012111125AAL4TxD", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/2%2c3-diphosphoglycerate+test", "http://www.buickperformancegroup.com/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NdNTWt0DIPw", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22596/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_BPG_mean_in_basketball", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate", "http://www.solvusoft.com/en/file-extensions/file-extension-bpg/" ] }

[ "The BPG is a national organization of a diverse group of people with a common goal in mind: The love of Buicks and Buick power! " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The POLAR EASTERLIES are located at the poles next to the westerlies. They are formed as cold air at the poles sinks and begin to move towards the equators. However, as they meet warmer air form the westerlies, they create a polar front located at 60 degrees north and south which is an area of low pressure that often results in storms. ", "The westerlies and trade winds. The Westerlies, anti-trades, or Prevailing Westerlies, are prevailing winds from the west toward the east in the middle latitudes between 30 and 60 degrees latitude. They originate from the high-pressure areas in the horse latitudes and tend towards the poles and steer extratropical cyclones in this general manner. Tropical cyclones which cross the subtropical ridge axis into the Westerlies recurve due to the increased westerly flow. The winds are predominantly from the southwest in the Northern Hemisphere and from the northwest in the Southern Hemisphere.", "The Westerlies are strongest in the western hemisphere and at times when the pressure is lower over the poles, while they are weakest in the southern hemisphere and when pressures are higher over the poles. Tropical cyclones which cross the subtropical ridge axis into the Westerlies recurve due to the increased westerly flow. The winds are predominantly from the southwest in the Northern Hemisphere and from the northwest in the Southern Hemisphere.", "Prevailing Westerlies are the winds in the middle latitudes between 35 and 65 degrees latitude. They tend to blow from the high pressure area in the horse latitudes towards the poles. These prevailing winds blow from the west to the east steering extratropical cyclones in this general manner. The winds are predominantly from the southwest in the Northern Hemisphere and from the northwest in the Southern Hemisphere. Westerlies are generally strongest in the winter hemisphere and at times when the pressure is lower over", "(Discuss) Proposed since April 2014. The polar easterlies (also Polar Hadley cells) are the dry, cold prevailing winds that blow from the high-pressure areas of the polar highs at the north and south poles towards low-pressure areas within the Westerlies at high latitudes. These prevailing winds blow from the The polar easterlies are one of the five primary wind zones, known as wind belts, that make up our atmosphere's circulatory system. This particular belt of wind begins at approximately 60 degrees north and south latitude and reaches to the poles.", "Where are the Prevailing Westerlies found? Select one: a. over the equator b. at the poles c. between 0 and 30 degrees latitude d. between 30 and 60 degrees latitude. Prevailing Westerlies are found BETWEEN 30 AND 60 DEGREES LATITUDE. Question.", "WESTERLIES-Prevailing wind s at the upper latitude s of the earth, usually in the temperate zone s, from a general Westerly direction. Most common between the 30 and 60 degree regions in the north (or south) hemisphere. the ~ or roaring forties. Prevailing ~ Winds in the middle latitudes (approximately 30 to 60 N/S) that generally blow from west to east. Prevailing Wind A wind that consistently blows from one direction more than from any other. Prevailing ~. The westerly winds that dominant in middle latitudes.", "The polar easterlies are the dry, cold prevailing winds that blow from the high-pressure areas of the polar highs at the north and south poles towards low-pressure areas within the Westerlies at high latitudes. ", "The westerlies are found between 30 and 60 degrees latitude and blow west towards the poles. " ], "url": [ "http://www.angelfire.com/scifi2/bobglob/easter.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westerlies", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westerlies", "http://www.wfmz.com/weather/What-are-the-prevailing-westerlies/186898", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_easterlies", "http://www.weegy.com/?ConversationId=9I04H876", "http://en.mimi.hu/meteorology/westerlies.html", "http://www.wfmz.com/news/What-are-the-polar-easterlies/332756", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_westerlies_found_and_what_causes_them" ] }

[ "The Westerlies are strongest in the western hemisphere and at times when the pressure is lower over the poles, while they are weakest in the southern hemisphere and when pressures are higher over the poles. Tropical cyclones which cross the subtropical ridge axis into the Westerlies recurve due to the increased westerly flow. The winds are predominantly from the southwest in the Northern Hemisphere and from the northwest in the Southern Hemisphere." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Black panthers have unique behaviors or habits which are different from those of other big cats or pet cats. A black panther develops tree-climbing skills at a very early age to avoid attack from deadly enemies such as lions and hyenas. It also uses this unique skill to pull its kills or carcasses up to a tree. Signs and Vocalization. © Copyright 2007 - 2009, all rights reserved.", "Panthers have excellent day and night vision. 1 The Panther has special hunting skills. 2 The base colour of a leopard's fur varies with the habitat with which it lives. i.e. 3 Leopards can drag three times their own body weight high into the tree tops. ", "Save. In North America, the term panther generally refers to the Puma concolor or any of its subspecies. They are also called cougars, pumas or mountain lions, and have been known by many colloquial names, including painter.. Though panthers once ranged as far south as the Straits of Magellan and as far north as British Columbia, their current distribution is greatly restricted.", "So technically any of those species … are Panthers. A Black Panther is the general term given to any Leopard or Jaguar that is black in color. A Leopard is a Panther, so a black Leopard is a Black Panther. If you could find a Black Lion, that also would be a Black Panther. Most people associate Black Panthers as either Black Leopards or Black Jaguars since those 2 cat types often have black coloring. Although found in the Panthera genus, lions are tigers are not called panthers.", "Like many of the smaller cats and unlike most of the other big cats, black panthers are the strongest climbers of the cat family. A black panther develops tree-climbing skills at a very early age to avoid attack from deadly enemies such as lions and hyenas. It also uses this unique skill to pull its kills or carcasses up to a tree. Signs and Vocalization. © Copyright 2007 - 2009, all rights reserved.", "A black panther is the melanistic color variant of any Panthera species. Black panthers in Asia and Africa are leopards (Panthera pardus) and black panthers in the Americas are black jaguars (Panthera onca). ", "The panther (also known as black panther), the malanistic version of species of larger cats, is known by different names at different places. In Latin America, it is known as jaguar; leopard is the name given in Asia and Africa; and in North America, it is called as cougar or panther. Panthers are very scary and with black body and yellow eyes, they become even more frightening. Number of Offspring: 2 to 4 cubs. Interesting And Fun Facts About Black Panther. 1 Panthers have a dark black body but from a close distance you can see leopard prints or spots on their body. 2 Therefore, spots or prints, the main feature of panthers’ body is not lost in their mutation", "Figure 2. A Florida panther has long legs and a long tail. T he Florida panther (Puma concolor coryi) is a unique subspecies of Puma (Puma concolor) that is found throughout North America (Figures 1 and 2). Puma subspecies are known by many names – puma, cougar, mountain lion, painter, catamount and panther. ", "The main way to tell a Florida panther from other sub-species of Puma concolor is by looking at the tail and back. Florida panthers have a crooked tail and a unique patch of fur on the back. The back fur is almost like a cowlick, not conforming to the rest of the panther’s fur. Species: concolor coryi. Puma, cougar, mountain lion, panther and catamount – these names are often used interchangeably to describe big cats, much to the confusion of the public." ], "url": [ "http://blackpantheranimal.com/black-panther-behavior.php", "http://panthers-edu1ict.wikispaces.com/Characteristics", "http://www.ehow.com/list_6820673_panther-habitats_-diet-characteristics.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_physical_characteristics_of_a_black_panther", "http://blackpantheranimal.com/black-panther-behavior.php", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_panther", "http://www.interestingfunfacts.com/amazing-facts-about-black-panther.html", "http://www.defenders.org/publication/florida-panther-guide-recognizing-florida-panther-its-tracks-and-sign", "http://www.nwf.org/Wildlife/Wildlife-Library/Mammals/Florida-Panther.aspx" ] }

[ "Panthers have excellent day and night vision. 1 The Panther has special hunting skills. 2 The base colour of a leopard's fur varies with the habitat with which it lives. i.e. 3 Leopards can drag three times their own body weight high into the tree tops. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The opposite of tidy could be messy, disorganized, dirty, or unclean. In the extreme, it could also be unkempt, sloppy, slobbish, grubby, filthy, or slovenly. The room will automatically look much tidier. Sort your laundry into two piles: dirty, and clean. Put the dirty clothes in the laundry basket and fold the clean clothes up to put in your drawers. Don't organize your drawers yet, though.", "Neat refers to that which is clean and tidy with nothing superfluous, conspicuous, or showy, as when we speak of plain but neat attire; the same idea of freedom from the superfluous appears in the phrases a neat speech, a neat turn, a neat reply, etc. Prim applies to a precise, formal, affected nicety. Dapper is spruce with the suggestion of smallness and slightness; natty, a diminutive of neat, suggests minute elegance, with a tendency toward the exquisite; as, a dapper little fellow in a natty business suit.", "The prefix of tidy is Untidy. Untidy is the antonym of tidy. A prefix for tidy could be un or hyper, to form the words untidy or hypertidy. 1 person found this useful. The room will automatically look much tidier. Sort your laundry into two piles: dirty, and clean. Put the dirty clothes in the laundry basket and fold the clean clothes up to put in your drawers. Don't organize your drawers yet, though.", "In The Opposite of Tidy, Carrie Mac 's realistic depiction of a family's dysfunctional nature, hinged on a mental illness, provides a frank discussion of how the impact of a mental illness extends beyond the individual, as does its treatment. So, when Junie sees a number of cop cars and TV vans outside her real home as Wade is driving her and Tabitha home from school, she doesn't think beyond her worry for her mother. Big oops when she forces Wade to stop and then rushes to her mom.", "SO, the antonym (the opposite) would be: untidy, messy, sloppy, and slovenly. The room will automatically look much tidier. Sort your laundry into two piles: dirty, and clean. Put the dirty clothes in the laundry basket and fold the clean clothes up to put in your drawers. Don't organize your drawers yet, though.", "Dressers and clsets can be neatly organized, but make sure everything is properly folded for the drawers. Make sure they can close. Take random papers and other things from your bbokshelves, and arrange the books by size, because it looks a lot neater. My desk is the hardest part of my room. The room will automatically look much tidier. Sort your laundry into two piles: dirty, and clean. Put the dirty clothes in the laundry basket and fold the clean clothes up to put in your drawers. Don't organize your drawers yet, though.", "Once you finish the bed, remove any items and add them to your laundry pile, or your dek to tidy later. The room will automatically look much tidier. Sort your laundry into two piles: dirty, and clean. Put the dirty clothes in the laundry basket and fold the clean clothes up to put in your drawers. Don't organize your drawers yet, though.", "tidy. That which is clean is simply free from soil or defilement of any kind. Things are orderly when in due relation to other things; a room or desk is orderly when every article is in place; a person is orderly who habitually keeps things so. Tidy denotes that which conforms to propriety in general; an unlaced shoe may be perfectly clean, but is not tidy. Prim applies to a precise, formal, affected nicety. Dapper is spruce with the suggestion of smallness and slightness; natty, a diminutive of neat, suggests minute elegance, with a tendency toward the exquisite; as, a dapper little fellow in a natty business suit.", "Once you finish the bed, remove any items and add them to your laundry pile, or your dek to tidy later. The room will automatically look much tidier. Sort your laundry into two piles: dirty, and clean. Put the dirty clothes in the laundry basket and fold the clean clothes up to put in your drawers. Don't organize your drawers yet, though.", "Except for her room and the bathroom she uses, Junie's Vancouver home is a disaster of hoarded miscellany: storage boxes, garbage bags of clothes, craft materials, Chinese food cartons, pizza boxes, rubber bands, file boxes, and stacks of unopened packages. So, when Junie sees a number of cop cars and TV vans outside her real home as Wade is driving her and Tabitha home from school, she doesn't think beyond her worry for her mother. Big oops when she forces Wade to stop and then rushes to her mom." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_opposite_of_tidy", "http://www.synonyms.net/antonyms/tidy", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_antonym_of_tidy", "http://canlitforlittlecanadians.blogspot.ca/2012/06/opposite-of-tidy.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_antonym_of_tidy", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_opposite_of_tidy", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_opposite_of_tidy", "http://www.synonyms.net/antonyms/tidy", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_antonym_of_tidy", "http://canlitforlittlecanadians.blogspot.ca/2012/06/opposite-of-tidy.html" ] }

[ "The opposite of tidy could be messy, disorganized, dirty, or unclean. In the extreme, it could also be unkempt, sloppy, slobbish, grubby, filthy, or slovenly. The room will automatically look much tidier. Sort your laundry into two piles: dirty, and clean. Put the dirty clothes in the laundry basket and fold the clean clothes up to put in your drawers. Don't organize your drawers yet, though." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "What is the function of the pistil of a flower? The pistil is the collective term for the female reproductive structures in the flower-The Stigma, Style, Ovary and Ovule. The stamen is the male reproductive system of a plant, while the pistil is the female reproductive system. These parts help the pistil's ovary to produce seeds. The seed … s will then go on to continue that species of plant.", "Function of the Stamen. The main function of the stamen is to produce the pollen grains, which house male gametes, or sex cells, necessary for reproduction. The anther is located within the stamen where these gametes are created. Flowers house the female and male reproductive structures. The female reproductive part is called the pistil and is comprised of the stigma, style, and ovary. The male reproductive part of a flower is referred to as the stamen and consists of the filament and the anther.", "the function of the pollen sac is to produce pollen (pollen grains). The pollen sac is the microsporangium of a seed plant in which pollen is produced. Most plants except coni … ferous plants contain four (4) pollen sacs. The pollen tube of most seed plants acts as a conduit to transport sperm cells from the pollen grain, either from the stigma (in flowering plants or angiosperms) to the … ovules at the base of the pistil, or directly through ovule tissue in some gymnosperms (conifers and gnetophytes).", "Stamens and pistils are respectively the male and female reproductive organs of the flower. A stamen typically consists of a filament bearing two chambered anthers which contain pollen. The pistil consists of one or more carpels, each consisting of an ovary, style and stigma. ", "The term carpel is a more specific way of denoting one unit of a pistil, while the term pistil is a less exact way of describing the same part of the flower as the carpel, the ovule producing area. The base of the pistil is called the ovary. The ovary contains the ovules, a stalk (or a style) and a stigma. The ovules are female sex cells which potentially form seeds. ", "Style-Long stock from the stigma to the ovary that becomes the pollen tube and carries the pollen grain down to the ovary where it fertilizes the ovule into a seed and the ovary into a fruit. 3. Ovary-The portion of the flower that encloses the ovule and later forms the fruit along with its surrounding tissues. It is the female portion of the plant. So you must take a look at the three things that make up the pistill (otherwise known as carpel) and determine their function. 1. Stigma-Sticky portion at the top of the style where the pollen grains land on and germinate into a pollen tube.", "Petal: The parts of a flower that are often conspicuously colored. Stamen: The pollen producing part of a flower, usually with a slender filament supporting the anther. Anther: The part of the stamen where pollen is produced. Pistil: The ovule producing part of a flower. The ovary often supports a long style, topped by a stigma. The mature ovary is a fruit, and the mature ovule is a seed. Stigma: The part of the pistil where pollen germinates", "Best Answer: The pistil's function is reproduction. The stigma, the head of the pistil, provides a place for pollen grains to land and germinate. The style, the long part of the pistil, provides protection for the pollen tube that emerges from the pollen grain and grows down the inside of the pistil into the ovary. It is the female portion of the plant. So you must take a look at the three things that make up the pistill (otherwise known as carpel) and determine their function. 1. Stigma-Sticky portion at the top of the style where the pollen grains land on and germinate into a pollen tube." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_function_of_the_pistil", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/stamen-of-a-flower-definition-function-design.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_function_of_pollen", "http://www.nswildflora.ca/glossary/stamen.html", "http://www.gardenguides.com/75030-function-flowers-pistil.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080628123343AAaUwCC", "http://www.amnh.org/learn/biodiversity_counts/ident_help/Parts_Plants/parts_of_flower.htm", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080628123343AAaUwCC" ] }

[ "Function of the Stamen. The main function of the stamen is to produce the pollen grains, which house male gametes, or sex cells, necessary for reproduction. The anther is located within the stamen where these gametes are created. Flowers house the female and male reproductive structures. The female reproductive part is called the pistil and is comprised of the stigma, style, and ovary. The male reproductive part of a flower is referred to as the stamen and consists of the filament and the anther." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The cost of adding a new wall to a home depends on the material used. Brick walls are often an affordable option, and a hollow brick wall costs around $25.40 per square foot. Hollow bricks feature a unique design with a durable shell and a hollow space in the center of each brick. Traditional brick walls cost around $14.1", "Commercial masonry labor costs about $675 to $800 per thousand brick. The necessity for bond beams or steel reinforced areas may increase costs. Every proposal generated needs to be done from a set of plans. The brick itself usually runs around $400 - $600 per thousand. It varies depending if it on a flat surface, such as a lead walk, or a wall. A lead walk costs about $7.00/ft for labor only.", "It varies, but generally along these lines. Residential brick masonry labor costs about $425 to $500 per thousand brick for flat walls. That includes buff or grey mortar, sand and brick ties. Arches, chimney details, decorative designs and rowlocks add a small amount to that.", "1 At Atek Building, a company in St Louis, Montana, that specializes in masonry solutions with brick and stone work, the cost of tuckpointing is approximately $3 to $6 per square foot for the first 10 feet in height and $5 to $10 for those above that.", "A natural stone wall will cost around $8 to $12 per square foot based on the type of stone chosen. A concrete block wall costs $6.10 to $7.60 per linear foot. Homeowners will also need to pay for any other materials needed, including steel bars, sand to keep the stones from rubbing against each other and mortar.", "The average cost to Install Brick Steps in Staten Island 2015 is $23.32 to $26.44 per square foot. Always make sure to make all hiring decisions carefully and to make sure the contractor is fully insured, bonded and licensed. It is a good idea to check references and verify prior work quality." ], "url": [ "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/walls-and-ceilings/install-a-brick-stone-or-block-wall/", "http://www.capitalcladding.com/faqs.php", "http://www.capitalcladding.com/faqs.php", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/tuckpointing-cost/", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/walls-and-ceilings/install-a-brick-stone-or-block-wall/", "http://wisercosts.com/what-is-brick-step-installation-cost-staten-island-new-york" ] }

[ "It varies, but generally along these lines. Residential brick masonry labor costs about $425 to $500 per thousand brick for flat walls. That includes buff or grey mortar, sand and brick ties. Arches, chimney details, decorative designs and rowlocks add a small amount to that." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A normal resting heart rate for adults ranges from 60 to 100 beats a minute. Generally, a lower heart rate at rest implies more efficient heart function and better cardiovascular fitness. For example, a well-trained athlete might have a normal resting heart rate closer to 40 beats a minute. To measure your heart rate, simply check your pulse. Place your index and third fingers on your neck to the side of your windpipe.", "Consult your doctor if your resting heart rate is consistently above 100 beats a minute (tachycardia) or if you're not a trained athlete and your resting heart rate is below 60 beats a minute (bradycardia) — especially if you have other signs or symptoms, such as fainting, dizziness or shortness of breath. With. For example, a well-trained athlete might have a normal resting heart rate closer to 40 beats a minute. To measure your heart rate, simply check your pulse. Place your index and third fingers on your neck to the side of your windpipe.", "A normal resting heart rate can range anywhere from 40 to 100 beats per minute. Below is a chart relating resting heart rate and fitness level. As can be seen on this chart, your resting heart rate can vary with your fitness level and with age — the fitter you are, generally the lower the resting heart rate. ", "Tachycardia is generally considered to be a resting heart rate of over 100 beats per minute, according to the National Institutes of Health, and generally caused when electrical signals in the heart's upper chambers fire abnormally. A resting heart rate lower than 60 could also be the result of taking certain medications. Many medications people take especially medication for blood pressure, such as the beta blockers, will lower your heart rate, Bauman said. If coupled with symptoms, a low heart rate may signal a problem.", "Intensity) + 49 (Resting Heart Rate) = 152 Beats/Minute The Training Heart Rate Zone will be 122-152 beats per minute = 20-25 10-Second Heart Rate Range Fat Burning (60-75%) | Cardio (70-85%) As you become more fit, your heart will become more efficient at pumping blood to the rest of the body. ", "Dear Brett, A heart rate of 38 beats per minute (bpm) can be normal in a well-trained endurance runner at age 60. The heart rate normally lowers at rest. And distance running over four years could cause a reduction in resting heart rate from 60 bpm to 38 bpm. My resting heart rate used to be 60 bpm (beats per minute). Last year in my prime shape after running four marathons in four months, I had a resting heart rate of 38 bpm. That is when I am sitting watching TV.", "Your resting heart rate is the heart pumping the lowest amount of blood you need because you’re not exercising. If you’re sitting or lying and you’re calm, relaxed and aren’t ill, your heart rate is normally between 60 (beats per minute) and 100 (beats per minute), Stein said. Even if you’re not an athlete, knowledge about your heart rate can help you monitor your fitness level — and it might even help you spot developing health problems. Your heart rate, or pulse, is the number of times your heart beats per minute.", "Resting heart rate beyond the range of 60-100 beats per minute is considered to be an indication of cardiac arrhythmia if accompanied with dizziness, fatigue, chest pain, short breaths and fainting. ", "Most adults have a resting heart rate of 60-100 beats per minute (bpm). The fitter you are, the lower your resting heart rate is likely to be. For example, athletes may have a resting heart rate of 40-60 bpm or lower. You should contact your GP if you think your heart rate is continuously above 120 bpm or below 40 bpm, although this could just be normal for you.", "For adults 18 and older, a normal resting heart rate is between 60 and 100 beats per minute (bpm), depending on the person’s physical condition and age. For children ages 6 to 15, the normal resting heart rate is between 70 and 100 bpm, according to the AHA. A resting heart rate lower than 60 could also be the result of taking certain medications. Many medications people take especially medication for blood pressure, such as the beta blockers, will lower your heart rate, Bauman said. If coupled with symptoms, a low heart rate may signal a problem." ], "url": [ "http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/expert-answers/heart-rate/faq-20057979", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/expert-answers/heart-rate/faq-20057979", "http://www.topendsports.com/testing/heart-rate-resting-chart.htm", "http://www.livescience.com/42081-normal-heart-rate.html", "http://www.fitnessmotivators.com/Files/Heart-Rates.pdf", "http://www.runnersworld.com/ask-the-sports-doc/is-my-resting-heart-rate-too-low", "http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/MyHeartandStrokeNews/All-About-Heart-Rate-Pulse_UCM_438850_Article.jsp", "http://www.buzzle.com/articles/resting-heart-rate-chart.html", "http://www.nhs.uk/chq/Pages/2024.aspx?CategoryID=52", "http://www.livescience.com/42081-normal-heart-rate.html" ] }

[ "Most adults have a resting heart rate of 60-100 beats per minute (bpm). The fitter you are, the lower your resting heart rate is likely to be. For example, athletes may have a resting heart rate of 40-60 bpm or lower. You should contact your GP if you think your heart rate is continuously above 120 bpm or below 40 bpm, although this could just be normal for you." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A number of similar polypores, and even a few species of crust fungi, look more or less identical to the casual eye, and a whole host of mushrooms are thus lumped together as turkey tails by collectors who are more interested in gilled mushrooms and boletes. Trametes versicolor, often called the turkey tail, has the dubious distinction of being the only member of the forest fungal fowl community not named for the full bird, but a feathery fraction.", "Turkey Tail (Trametes versicolor or Coriolus versicolor). Turkey tails are possibly the most common mushroom you will find. They are saprobic growing everywhere on dead or rotting stumps and branches. As versicolor may suggest, they are very variable in color. Their uses are mainly medicinal and decorative.", "Turkey Tails grow on dead or dying wood, especially oaks. They are also known to grow from wounds in a tree. Turkey Tail is a common bracket fungus (a fungus which grows on the sides of logs or trees). It is a fungus that has no stalk like a mushroom. It feels leathery to the touch. Turkey Tail has a spoon or cup shape, up to four inches wide, and it is very colorful. Its colors can range from brown, white, tan, orange, red, or purple -- or all these colors at once. Turkey Tail caps often overlap each other. Like other fungi, Turkey Tail is the name for the part that you see. Most of the fungus is inside the bark of the log. The tail that you see is like the flower of the fungus.", "Turkey tail mushrooms have been used to treat various maladies for hundreds of years in Asia, Europe, and by indigenous peoples in North America. Records of turkey tail brewed as medicinal tea date from the early 15th century, during the Ming Dynasty in China. For more on natural health, click here. Turkey Tail Trametes Versicolor Mushrooms Turkey Tail Mushroom Research Mushroom Research Mushrooms Cancer Turkey Tail Mushroom Cancer Turkey Tail Mushrooms Turkey Tail Mushroom Study Trametes Versicolor Natural Health Turkey Tail Mushroom.", "Trametes versicolor – also known as Coriolus versicolor and Polyporus versicolor – is a common polypore mushroom found throughout the world. Meaning 'of several colours', versicolor reliably describes this mushroom found in different colors. By example, due to its resembling multiple colors in the tail of wild turkey, T. versicolor is commonly called turkey tail.", "In fact, turkey tails are some of most common mushrooms found on wood on the planet. Turkey tail mushrooms growing on a log in the old growth forest. They are commonly called turkey tail because their various colors: brown, orange, maroon, blue and green -- reminiscent of the plume of feathers in turkeys. For more on natural health, click here. Turkey Tail Trametes Versicolor Mushrooms Turkey Tail Mushroom Research Mushroom Research Mushrooms Cancer Turkey Tail Mushroom Cancer Turkey Tail Mushrooms Turkey Tail Mushroom Study Trametes Versicolor Natural Health Turkey Tail Mushroom.", "These mushrooms grow throughout the world, practically wherever trees can be found. In fact, turkey tails are some of most common mushrooms found on wood on the planet. Turkey tail mushrooms growing on a log in the old growth forest. They are commonly called “turkey tail” because their various colors: brown, orange, maroon, blue and green — reminiscent of the plume of feathers in turkeys. Turkey tail is renowned in Asia as a source for cancer therapy. The Japanese company Kureha first screened many polypore mushrooms and found that turkey tails produced a profound immune response, a discovery confirmed by many other subsequent studies.", "Turkey tail is renowned in Asia as a source for cancer therapy. The Japanese company Kureha first screened many polypore mushrooms and found that turkey tails produced a profound immune response, a discovery confirmed by many other subsequent studies. For more on natural health, click here. Turkey Tail Trametes Versicolor Mushrooms Turkey Tail Mushroom Research Mushroom Research Mushrooms Cancer Turkey Tail Mushroom Cancer Turkey Tail Mushrooms Turkey Tail Mushroom Study Trametes Versicolor Natural Health Turkey Tail Mushroom.", "Finding Turkey Tail Mushrooms. These mushrooms are primary saprophytes, meaning that they grow on fresh, organic material (mostly wood). They’re found in every state in the country and are known as ‘bracket fungi,’ which form leathery/leaf-like structures in concentric circles. This is the cornerstone mechanism for Turkey Tail’s pharmacological effect in the body. Being the most studied medicinal mushroom, Turkey Tail is widely used in contemporary cancer treatment in Asia. The mushroom contains 2 notable protein-bound polysaccharide complexes: PSP & PSK (both are B-glucans)." ], "url": [ "http://www.mushroomexpert.com/trametes_versicolor.html", "http://www.mushroom-collecting.com/mushroomturkey.html", "http://www.fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/turkey_tail.htm", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/paul-stamets/mushrooms-cancer_b_1560691.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trametes_versicolor", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/paul-stamets/mushrooms-cancer_b_1560691.html", "http://www.awaken.com/2012/06/the-healing-power-of-these-mushrooms/", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/paul-stamets/mushrooms-cancer_b_1560691.html", "http://www.goldrootherbs.com/2013/11/01/materia-medica-turkey-tail-mushrooms-the-antifragility-of-immunity/" ] }

[ "These mushrooms grow throughout the world, practically wherever trees can be found. In fact, turkey tails are some of most common mushrooms found on wood on the planet. Turkey tail mushrooms growing on a log in the old growth forest. They are commonly called “turkey tail” because their various colors: brown, orange, maroon, blue and green — reminiscent of the plume of feathers in turkeys. Turkey tail is renowned in Asia as a source for cancer therapy. The Japanese company Kureha first screened many polypore mushrooms and found that turkey tails produced a profound immune response, a discovery confirmed by many other subsequent studies." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The word Namaste is a combination of the two Sanskrit words: nama, and te. Basically, nama means to bow and te means you.. The Namaste salutation was transmitted from ancient India to the countries of South-east Asia, and has now traveled virtually all over the globe.", "Definition of Namaste. The definition of Namaste (pronounced na, ma, stay) is both a physical gesture and a spoken spiritual salutation, which is the recognition of the divine spirit (or soul) in another by the divine spirit in you. The word Namaste translates simply to “I bow to the divine in you.”. Namaste Gesture. The acknowledgement of spirit to spirit is represented by placing the hands together in front of your third eye (Third Eye Chakra) and bowing your head then bringing your hands down in front of your heart (Heart Chakra).", "1 1. 2 Introduction to meaning of namaste or namaskar. 3 2. 4 The meaning of namaste or namaskar. 5 3. Spiritual research into meaning of namaskar (namaste). 6 3.1 Spiritual benefits of namaskar (namaste). 7 3.2 Spiritual frequencies generated from namaskar (namaste). 8 3.3 Points to remember while doing namaskar (namaste). 9 4.", "The Meaning of Namaste: In Sanskrit the word is namah + te = namaste which means “I bow to you” - my greetings, salutations or prostration to you. The word ‘namaha’ can also be literally interpreted as na ma (not mine). It has a spiritual significance of negating or reducing one's ego in the presence of another. How to Namaste:", "How to make the Namaste gesture. To perform Namaste, we place the hands together at the heart charka, close the eyes, and bow the head. It can also be done by placing the hands together in front of the third eye, bowing the head, and then bringing the hands down to the heart. This is an especially deep form of respect." ], "url": [ "http://healing.about.com/od/cultures/a/namaste.htm", "http://www.livingwordsofwisdom.com/definition-of-namaste.html", "http://www.spiritualresearchfoundation.org/spiritual-living/how-should-we-greet/namaskar-namaste-meaning/", "http://hinduism.about.com/od/artculture/p/namaste.htm", "http://www.yogajournal.com/article/beginners/the-meaning-of-quot-namaste-quot/" ] }

[ "The Meaning of Namaste: In Sanskrit the word is namah + te = namaste which means “I bow to you” - my greetings, salutations or prostration to you. The word ‘namaha’ can also be literally interpreted as na ma (not mine). It has a spiritual significance of negating or reducing one's ego in the presence of another. How to Namaste:" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Puthandu or Tamil New Year is celebrated between April and May, during the Chittrai month. According to the Gregorian calendar, the festival usually falls on the 14th April 2015. The day is also referred to as “ Varusha Pirappuy”. Tamil New Year is declared as a public holiday in bothSri Lanka and Tamil Nadu. Every year, the festival of Chitterai Thiruvizha is celebrated on the eve of Tamil New Year at the Meenakshi Temple. Besides, a gala exhibition-Chitterai Porutkaatchi is also organized on Tamil New Year. This exhibition is also referred to as Chitterai Vishu in certain regions of South", "Tamil New Year Celebrations. During Tamil New Year, the state also organizes for a huge Car Festival near Kumbakonam, Tiruvadamarudur. In some areas, Chitthirai is also celebrated with great vigor. Every year, the festival of Chitterai Thiruvizha is celebrated on the eve of Tamil New Year at the Meenakshi Temple. Besides, a gala exhibition-Chitterai Porutkaatchi is also organized on Tamil New Year. This exhibition is also referred to as Chitterai Vishu in certain regions of South Tamil Nadu", "It is also celebrated in some other parts of the world where Tamil community is residing such as Singapore, Mauritius and other countries. Maanga Pachadi is the famous dish eaten on this day. The recipe is made of neem flowers, raw mangoes and jaggery. In Tiruvidaimarudur near Kumbakonam, a big car festival is hosted. Tamils commence the day by watching gold and silver jewelry, flowers, betel leaves, raw rice, nuts, fruits, vegetables, and coconuts. They take bath in holy water, visit temples to worship for achievement and wear new clothes.", "Tamil New Year is celebrated as on this day Brahma created the world according to Hindu mythology. “Puthandu” or The Tamil New Year occurs on the first day of Chithirai month usually on 13th or 14th April every year in Tamil Nadu and South India. Tamils commence the day by watching gold and silver jewelry, flowers, betel leaves, raw rice, nuts, fruits, vegetables, and coconuts. They take bath in holy water, visit temples to worship for achievement and wear new clothes.", "Tamil people celebrate Tamil new year on 14 April. This is the month of Chitterai, the first month of the Tamil solar calendar. On the eve of Puthandu, a tray arranged with three fruits (mango,banana and jack fruit), betel leaves and arecanut, gold/silver jewellery, coins/money, flowers and a mirror is placed. The previous Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK)-led Government of Tamil Nadu had declared in 2008 that the Tamil new year should be celebrated on the first day of Tamil month of Thai (14 January) coinciding with the harvest festival of Pongal.", "The Tamil New Year follows the vernal equinox and generally falls on 14 April of the Gregorian year. 14 April marks the first day of the traditional Tamil calendar and is a public holiday in both Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka. The previous Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK)-led Government of Tamil Nadu had declared in 2008 that the Tamil new year should be celebrated on the first day of Tamil month of Thai (14 January) coinciding with the harvest festival of Pongal.", "1 Tamil New Year (Puthandu) is celebrated in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu, on the first of Chithrai (சித்திரை)(13 or 14 or 15 April). 2 In the temple city of Madurai, the Chithrai Thiruvizha is celebrated in the Meenakshi Temple. 1 Odia New Year (Maghe Sankranti) is celebrated on 14 April in the Indian state of Odisha. 2 Manipuri New Year or Cheirouba is celebrated on 14 April in the Indian State of Manipur with much festivities and feasting.", "Puthandu marks the Tamil New Years Day and is celebrated in the beginning of Chithirai-the first month in the Tamil Calendar year. The auspicious occasion of Puthandu is also popularly known as Varusha Pirappu or the birth of New Year and falls on 13th or 14th April according to the Gregorian Calendar. Many people in Tamil Nadu also celebrate Puthandu as the day when Lord Brahma-Hindu God of Creation started creation. People of Tamil Nadu celebrate Varusha Pirappu in a big way by merrymaking and feasting. Puthandu Rituals. People of Tamil Nadu celebrate Puthandu Pirappu by following specific traditions and rituals." ], "url": [ "http://www.123newyear.com/indian-new-year/tamil.html", "http://www.123newyear.com/indian-new-year/tamil.html", "http://www.whydowecelebrate.com/why-do-we-celebrate-tamil-new-year/", "http://www.whydowecelebrate.com/why-do-we-celebrate-tamil-new-year/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puthandu", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puthandu", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Year", "http://www.baisakhifestival.com/puthandu-in-tamil-nadu.html" ] }

[ "Tamil New Year is celebrated as on this day Brahma created the world according to Hindu mythology. “Puthandu” or The Tamil New Year occurs on the first day of Chithirai month usually on 13th or 14th April every year in Tamil Nadu and South India. Tamils commence the day by watching gold and silver jewelry, flowers, betel leaves, raw rice, nuts, fruits, vegetables, and coconuts. They take bath in holy water, visit temples to worship for achievement and wear new clothes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "If it's just a general knowledge question, like I said, about 72 hours. It depends on you, what your dose is, what benzodiazepine you are on. If you are a long time user of benzodiazepines, or short time user. It can stay in your system for 1-5 days or 1-6 weeks, or up to 6 months. It just depends. ", "There are many variables that will determine how long benzodiazepines are detectable in the body. One important consideration is the type of drug test being used to do the testing (urine, saliva or hair) as each type of tests works within a specific timetable of detection. ", "Howev … er, a good rule of thumb is about 3-4 days to be completely out of your system for the purpose of urine analyst. If you are wondering about how long the 'effects' of the drug last-again depends on the person and metabolism-but the average time the effect of the drug last is anywhere between 4-8 hours. 20mg of a benzodiazepine isn't being descriptive enough. Different benzos have different half-lives, and not all benzos are prescribed in the same dosages (i.e. 20mg of Xanax would likely leave you unconscious, while many people can take 20mg of Valium and function rather normally). Benzos typically stay in the system 3-7 days but can stay in the urine for much longer", "Hi Renee. Traces of Xanax can be detected in urine for at least one (1) week after last use, and up to six (6) weeks for heavy use. More information here: http://prescription-drug.addictionblog.org/how-long-does-xanax-stay-in-your-system/. 1. Ultra short acting benzos – The half-life of ultra short acting benzodiazepines is less than 5 hours. These drugs are essentially non-accumulating. 2. Short acting and intermediate benzos – This class of benzodiazepines have half-life values from 5-24 hours and can be dosed more frequently.", "However, Xanax remains in the bloodstream long after its anti-anxiety effects have worn off. Xanax’s average half-life is 11 hours. This means that it takes an average of 11 hours for the body to eliminate half the Xanax dose. In older or obese people, or those with liver disease, Xanax’s half-life is longer, as long as 40 hours. It takes several half-lives to eliminate a drug completely. So for most people, there may still be a small fraction of Xanax in your blood two days or more after taking a single pill. ", "Xanax (the brand name for alprazolam) is a short – intermediate acting benzodiazepine, which means that you can feel the effects of Xanax quickly as they peak 1-2 hours after taking it. However, the effects of Xanax but do not last very long, about 6-12 hours. At the minimum, it is best to wait for one day before drug testing for Xanax to make sure it is out of your body. But, depending on frequency and length of use, you might want to wait for 3 days before drug testing (for an infrequent user) up to 4-6 weeks for a chronic user before testing for Xanax.", "Testing cutoff concentrations for benzodiazepine are at 200 ng/mL. So how long do benzos stay in the body? Benzodiazepine can be detected up to 30 days in urine although chronic use (1+ years) can be detected 4–6 weeks after last dose in urine. Benzos can also be detected in serum and plasma for 12 hours to 2 days after last dose. 1. Ultra short acting benzos – The half-life of ultra short acting benzodiazepines is less than 5 hours. These drugs are essentially non-accumulating. 2. Short acting and intermediate benzos – This class of benzodiazepines have half-life values from 5-24 hours and can be dosed more frequently.", "Benzos can stay in your system for up to 40 days for urinalysis If you are talking about just taking 20mg one time only and not taking it at all for at least 3-4 weeks before that or only taking that amount once every several days, then it will stay in your system no longer than, on average, 3-4 days. 20mg of a benzodiazepine isn't being descriptive enough. Different benzos have different half-lives, and not all benzos are prescribed in the same dosages (i.e. 20mg of Xanax would likely leave you unconscious, while many people can take 20mg of Valium and function rather normally). Benzos typically stay in the system 3-7 days but can stay in the urine for much longer" ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_for_benzodiazepines_to_get_out_of_your_system", "http://www.zoomtesting.co.uk/long-benzodiazepines-stay-system/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_20_mg_of_Benzo_stay_in_your_system", "http://prescription-drug.addictionblog.org/how-long-do-benzos-stay-in-your-system/", "http://answers.webmd.com/answers/1198207/how-long-does-xanax-stay-in", "http://prescription-drug.addictionblog.org/xanax-half-life-how-long-does-xanax-stay-in-your-system/", "http://prescription-drug.addictionblog.org/how-long-do-benzos-stay-in-your-system/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_20_mg_of_Benzo_stay_in_your_system" ] }

[ "Benzos can stay in your system for up to 40 days for urinalysis If you are talking about just taking 20mg one time only and not taking it at all for at least 3-4 weeks before that or only taking that amount once every several days, then it will stay in your system no longer than, on average, 3-4 days. 20mg of a benzodiazepine isn't being descriptive enough. Different benzos have different half-lives, and not all benzos are prescribed in the same dosages (i.e. 20mg of Xanax would likely leave you unconscious, while many people can take 20mg of Valium and function rather normally). Benzos typically stay in the system 3-7 days but can stay in the urine for much longer" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "3. Go to the folder you downloaded your shimeji into. Keep clicking and opening folders until you get to the point where you have several things in a list. Copy the item with the shimeji icon (face inside a computer screen) onto ur desktop. 4. Close your window and double click the icon on your desktop. Simple Q and A! Q: What is a Shimeji?A: Shimeji (しめじ) is a little desktop buddy that roams your screen.", "Shimeji is a Windows desktop mascot that freely wanders and plays around the screen. The mascot is very configurable; its actions are defined through xml and its animations/images can be customized. Shimeji was originally created by Yuki Yamada of Group Finity (http://www.group-finity.com/Shimeji/). ", "Hypsizygus marmoreus is a synonym of Hypsizigus tessellatus. Cultivation of Buna-shimeji was first patented by Takara Shuzo Co.,Ltd. in 1972 as hon-shimeji and the production started in 1973 in Japan. Now, several breeds are widely cultivated and sold fresh in markets.", "These 10 facts about space will blow your mind. Shimeji is a term used to refer to a group of mushrooms with similar flavor profiles used in Japanese cuisine. These mushrooms are native to East Asia and they can also be found in some parts of Europe. The highly prized hon-shimeji mushroom is difficult to cultivate because it is a mycorrhizal fungus that grows in a symbiotic relationship with plants, while buna-shimeji mushrooms grow on decaying organic material and are relatively easy to grow. When raw, these mushrooms have a bitter flavor.", "Shimeji is a free program that creates a small mascot to walk around your desktop, generally causing mischief. You can download the original program here. There is also an english codefork here, if all the Japanese intimidates you. ", "Print. (Scientific Name: Lyophyllum shimeji) Small in size, this type of Asian mushroom is one of the numerous Shimeji varieties common to Japan. The term Shimeji is often used to describe one of over 20 species such as the Clamshell, the Beech, or the Pioppino mushroom. ", "Hypsizygus tessellatus or buna shimeji is an edible mushroom native to East Asia. It is cultivated locally in temperate climates in Europe, North America and Australia and sold fresh in super markets. In nature, shimeji are gilled mushrooms that grow on wood. ", "Shimeji (Japanese language ： シメジ, 占地) is a group of edible mushrooms native to East Asia, but also found in northern Europe. Hon-shimeji (Lyophyllum shimeji) is a mycorrhizal fungus and difficult to cultivate. Other species are saprotrophs, and buna-shimeji is now widely cultivated. Shimeji is rich in umami tasting compounds such as guanylic acid, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid. Cultivation of Buna-shimeji was first patented by Takara Shuzo Co.,Ltd. in 1972 as hon-shimeji and the production started in 1973 in Japan. Now, several breeds are widely cultivated and sold fresh in markets.", "Follow. Shimeji mushrooms, a group of edible musrhooms from Japan, can be found around eastern Asia as a specialty mushroom. Due to their popularity in Asian cuisine, Shimeji mushrooms are beginning to be cultivated and sold in Europe and the United States, although they are typically available in their dried form. ", "Shimeji. A computer program that creates animated characters who walk and crawl along the sides the monitor, perform a set number of animations, and multiply. Popular among Japanese anime and game fans, who create shimeji programs for popular characters. The name comes from a fast-growing breed of Japanese mushroom." ], "url": [ "http://shimejis.deviantart.com/journal/Simple-Q-and-A-223786604", "http://code.google.com/p/shimeji-ee/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shimeji", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-shimeji.htm", "http://www.ashido.com/huntersmoker/shimeji.html", "http://www.recipetips.com/glossary-term/t--38085/honshimeji-mushroom.asp", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypsizygus_tessellatus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shimeji", "http://www.healthiestfoods.com/healthy-foods/mushrooms/shimeji/", "http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Shimeji" ] }

[ "Shimeji (Japanese language ： シメジ, 占地) is a group of edible mushrooms native to East Asia, but also found in northern Europe. Hon-shimeji (Lyophyllum shimeji) is a mycorrhizal fungus and difficult to cultivate. Other species are saprotrophs, and buna-shimeji is now widely cultivated. Shimeji is rich in umami tasting compounds such as guanylic acid, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid. Cultivation of Buna-shimeji was first patented by Takara Shuzo Co.,Ltd. in 1972 as hon-shimeji and the production started in 1973 in Japan. Now, several breeds are widely cultivated and sold fresh in markets." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Coelomate animals or Coelomata (also known as eucoelomates — true coelom) have a fluid filled body cavity called a coelom /ˈsiːləm/ with a complete lining called peritoneum derived from mesoderm (one of the three primary tissue layers). In some protostomes, the embryonic blastocoele persists as a body cavity. These protostomes have a fluid filled main body cavity unlined or partially lined with tissue derived from mesoderm.", "1 Pseudocoelomate animals have a pseudocoelom (literally “false cavity”), which is a fully functional body cavity. 2 Tissue derived from mesoderm only partly lines the fluid filled body cavity of these animals. In some protostomes, the embryonic blastocoele persists as a body cavity. These protostomes have a fluid filled main body cavity unlined or partially lined with tissue derived from mesoderm.", "Throughout these invertebrate pages you will find reference to animals as being Coelomate, Pseudocoelomate and Acoelomate. All these terms, and others explained below are to do with the nature of the body cavity of the animal. Simple animals do not have a body cavity but higher animals like mammals do. ", "Echinoderms possess a unique water vascular system. This is a network of fluid-filled canals derived from the coelom (body cavity) that function in gas exchange, feeding, sensory reception and locomotion. All echinoderms are marine and nearly all are benthic. The oldest known echinoderm fossil may be Arkarua from the Precambrian of Australia. It is a disc-like fossil with radial ridges on the rim and a five-pointed central depression marked with radial lines.", "Digestive System. Echinoderms have a simple digestive system with a mouth, stomachs, intestineand anus. In many, the mouth is on the underside and the anus on the top surface of the animal. Sea stars can push their stomachs outside of their body and insert it into its prey allowint them to digest the food externally. ", "They are true coelomates in which the coelom is lined both on the inside of the body wall as well as around the gut by mesoderm. Animals with a true coelom also have mesenteries, which suspend the body organs within the coelom. Animals higher to round worms such as annelids, arthropods, mollusks, echinoderms and chordates fall in this category. Tue coelomates are of the following types. (i) Schizocoelomates are true coelomates in which the body cavity originates by splitting of mesodermal tissue at the time of gastrulation. 2. Pseudocoelomates, in which a body cavity exists in addition to alimentary canal, but it is lined by mesoderm only on the outer body wall side and not around the gut. Examples are round worms (Nemathelminthes) and some minor phyla grouped under Aschelminthes. 3. Coelomates or Eucoelmates.", "The adults are recognizable by their (usually five-point) radial symmetry, and include such well-known animals as starfish, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers, as well as the sea lilies or stone lilies. Echinoderms are found at every ocean depth, from the intertidal zone to the abyssal zone. The phylum contains about 7000 living species, making it the second-largest grouping of deuterostomes (a superphylum), after the chordates (which include the vertebrates, such as birds, fishes, mammals, and reptiles). All echinoderms are marine and nearly all are benthic. The oldest known echinoderm fossil may be Arkarua from the Precambrian of Australia. It is a disc-like fossil with radial ridges on the rim and a five-pointed central depression marked with radial lines.", "1 Tissue derived from mesoderm only partly lines the fluid filled body cavity of these animals. 2 Thus, although organs are held in place loosely, they are not as well organized as in a coelomate. 3 All pseudocoelomates are protostomes; however, not all protostomes are pseudocoelomates. In some protostomes, the embryonic blastocoele persists as a body cavity. These protostomes have a fluid filled main body cavity unlined or partially lined with tissue derived from mesoderm.", "For educational use only. The phylum Echinodermata, which contains about 6000 species, gets its name from the Greek, literally meaning spiny skin.. Many echinoderms actually do have spiny skin, but others do not. This phylum exists exclusively in the sea, and cannot be found on land or in fresh water. ", "Types of Coelom. A true coelom is lined on all sides by mesoderm which gives rise to muscles that surround the gut aas well as underlying the body wall. This allows more efficient digestion because food can be pushed through the digestive tract by muscles." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coelom", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coelom", "http://www.earthlife.net/inverts/coelom.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinoderm", "http://www.mesa.edu.au/echinoderms/", "http://www.iaszoology.com/coelom/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinoderm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coelom", "http://www.oceanicresearch.org/education/wonders/echinoderm.html", "http://zoologyinfosolution.blogspot.com/2013/04/types-of-coelom_18.html" ] }

[ "They are true coelomates in which the coelom is lined both on the inside of the body wall as well as around the gut by mesoderm. Animals with a true coelom also have mesenteries, which suspend the body organs within the coelom. Animals higher to round worms such as annelids, arthropods, mollusks, echinoderms and chordates fall in this category. Tue coelomates are of the following types. (i) Schizocoelomates are true coelomates in which the body cavity originates by splitting of mesodermal tissue at the time of gastrulation. 2. Pseudocoelomates, in which a body cavity exists in addition to alimentary canal, but it is lined by mesoderm only on the outer body wall side and not around the gut. Examples are round worms (Nemathelminthes) and some minor phyla grouped under Aschelminthes. 3. Coelomates or Eucoelmates." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "4 Charitable RemainderAnnuity Trust Construction 1. Bill creates an irrevocable trust, known as a Charitable Remainder Annuity Trust, or “CRAT”, from which Bill and Mary will receive a stream of income for as long as either is alive. Trust assets remaining after the survivor’s death will be transferred to the qualifying charities they have designated. 2.", "The trustee determines the fair market value of the CRUT's assets at the time of contribution, and thereafter on the applicable valuation date. The fixed annuity percentage must be at least 5% and no more than 50% of the fair market value of the assets in the corpus. Code Section 664(d)(1) sets the federal income tax requirements for a charitable remainder unitrust. Example. Assume an individual, Mr. Smith, has $1 million of publicly traded stock and would like to establish a CRUT.", "A charitable trust is an irrevocable trust established for charitable purposes, and is a more specific term than charitable organization . Charitable remainder trusts are irrevocable structures established by a donor to provide an income stream to the income beneficiary, while the public charity or private foundation receives the remainder value when the trust terminates.", "DEFINITION of 'Charitable Remainder Trust'. A tax-exempt irrevocable trust designed to reduce the taxable income of individuals by first dispersing income to the beneficiaries of the trust for a specified period of time and then donating the remainder of the trust to the designated charity. Next Up. This is done by first donating assets into the trust and then having it pay the beneficiary for a stated period of time. Once this time-frame expires, the remainder of the estate is transferred to the charities deemed as beneficiaries.", "A charitable remainder trust is a trust that provides for a specified distribution, at least annually, to at least one noncharitable income recipient for a period specified in the trust instrument, with the remainder interest paid to at least one charitable beneficiary. Section 1.664-1(a)(4) of the regulations provides that, in order for a trust to be a charitable remainder trust, it must meet the definition of, and function exclusively as, a charitable remainder trust from the date or time of the creation of the trust.", "These irrevocable trusts permit you to transfer ownership of assets to the trust in exchange for an income stream to the person or persons of your choice (typically you, your spouse or you and your spouse) for life or for a specified term of up to 20 years. A third type, perhaps the most common, allows you to transfer non-income producing property to the CRT and have the trust convert to a Charitable Remainder Unitrust upon the sale or happening of a specified event, for example upon reaching a specified retirement age.", "Download PDF (81KB). A charitable remainder trust (CRT) is an irrevocable trust to which a donor transfers cash, securities or other assets. In return, the donor and/or other designated individuals receive a payment stream for a term of years (up to 20 years) or for life. The donor first drafts the trust with his or her attorney and appoints the trustee(s). The length of the trust is established at a fixed number of years (up to 20 years) or for the lifetime of the donor and/or other individuals.", "CRTs come in three types: charitable remainder annuity trust (which pays a fixed dollar amount annually), a charitable remainder unitrust (which pays a fixed percentage of the trust's value annually), and a charitable pooled income fund (which is set up by the charity, enabling many donors to contribute). charitable remainder trust. An arrangement in which property or money is donated to a charity, but the donor (called the grantor) continues to use the property and/or receive income from it while living.", "BREAKING DOWN 'Charitable Remainder Trust'. The whole idea of a charitable remainder trust is to reduce taxes. This is done by first donating assets into the trust and then having it pay the beneficiary for a stated period of time. Once this time-frame expires, the remainder of the estate is transferred to the charities deemed as beneficiaries.", "Another type of CRT, the Charitable Remainder Unitrust, pays a fixed percentage of the value of the trust assets each year to the income recipient (for example, 8% of the value as of the preceding January 1). A third type, perhaps the most common, allows you to transfer non-income producing property to the CRT and have the trust convert to a Charitable Remainder Unitrust upon the sale or happening of a specified event, for example upon reaching a specified retirement age." ], "url": [ "http://www.wealthenjoyment.com/images/CharitableRemainderAnnuityTrust.pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charitable_remainder_unitrust", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charitable_remainder_trust", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/charitableremaindertrust.asp", "http://www.pgdc.com/pgdc/charitable-remainder-trusts", "http://estateandtrust.com/Page/chartrst", "http://www.bnymellonwealthmanagement.com/our-views/perspectives/charitable-remainder.html", "http://www.investorwords.com/830/charitable_remainder_trust.html", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/charitableremaindertrust.asp", "http://estateandtrust.com/Page/chartrst" ] }

[ "A charitable trust is an irrevocable trust established for charitable purposes, and is a more specific term than charitable organization . Charitable remainder trusts are irrevocable structures established by a donor to provide an income stream to the income beneficiary, while the public charity or private foundation receives the remainder value when the trust terminates." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "read more. New Kids On The Block (NKOTB) is a successful boy band of the late 80s and early 90s, still performing to this day. Assembled in Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. in 1984 by producer Maurice Starr, the members consist of brothers Jordan Knight and Jonathan Knight, Joey McIntyre, Donnie Wahlberg, and Danny Wood.", "2 votes Vote for this answer. The members are Jordan Knight, Donnie Wahlberg, Joe McIntyre, Danny Wood and Jonathan Knight. New Kids on the Block was a successful boy band of the late 1980s and early 1990s. Assembled in Boston in 1984 by producer Maurice Starr, the members consisted of brothers Jordan Knight and Jonathan Knight, Joe McIntyre, Donnie Wahlberg, and Danny Wood.", "For other uses, see New Kids on the Block (disambiguation) . New Kids on the Block (also initialized as NKOTB) is an American boy band from Boston, Massachusetts. The band's original name was 'Nynuk'. The band currently consists of brothers Jordan and Jonathan Knight, Joey McIntyre, Donnie Wahlberg, and Danny Wood.", "New Kids on the Block. Learn more about the mega-popular boy band New Kids on the Block, including Donnie Wahlberg, Jordan Knight, Jonathan Knight, Joey McIntyre and Danny Wood. Donnie Wahlberg-Growing Up in the Spotlight (TV-14; 1:10) Watch a short video about Donnie Wahlberg and his life growing up in the spotlight.", "Learn more about the mega-popular boy band New Kids on the Block, including Donnie Wahlberg, Jordan Knight, Jonathan Knight, Joey McIntyre and Danny Wood. Donnie Wahlberg-Growing Up in the Spotlight (TV-14; 1:10) Watch a short video about Donnie Wahlberg and his life growing up in the spotlight.", "Trivia (8). Group members consisted of brothers, Jonathan Knight and Jordan Knight, Joey McIntyre, Donnie Wahlberg and Danny Wood. Originally called Nynuk, a name that made the boys cringe, Columbia Records stated they saw no market for the band with such a name when they signed them to a one-record deal in 1985.", "New Kids on the Block Tickets Information. Initialized as NKOTB, New Kids on the Block is an all American boy band originating from Boston, Massachusetts. The band was originally called Nynuk, and consists of 5 members. They are the Knight brothers, Jonathan and Jordan, Joey Mclntyre, Danny Wood, and Donnie Wahlberg." ], "url": [ "http://www.last.fm/music/New+Kids+on+the+Block", "http://www.funtrivia.com/askft/Question9579.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Kids_on_the_Block", "http://www.biography.com/people/groups/new-kids-on-the-block", "http://www.biography.com/people/groups/new-kids-on-the-block", "http://www.imdb.com/name/nm1578753/bio", "https://www.ticketcity.com/concerts/rock-and-pop/new-kids-on-the-block-tickets.html" ] }

[ "New Kids on the Block. Learn more about the mega-popular boy band New Kids on the Block, including Donnie Wahlberg, Jordan Knight, Jonathan Knight, Joey McIntyre and Danny Wood. Donnie Wahlberg-Growing Up in the Spotlight (TV-14; 1:10) Watch a short video about Donnie Wahlberg and his life growing up in the spotlight.", "Learn more about the mega-popular boy band New Kids on the Block, including Donnie Wahlberg, Jordan Knight, Jonathan Knight, Joey McIntyre and Danny Wood. Donnie Wahlberg-Growing Up in the Spotlight (TV-14; 1:10) Watch a short video about Donnie Wahlberg and his life growing up in the spotlight." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Martin is a common given and family name in many languages. In some languages, and as a given name, it comes from the Latin name Martinus, which is a late derived form of the name of the Roman god Mars, the protective godhead of the Latins (and therefore the god of war).", "The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Walter Martin, which was dated 1166, in the charters of the county of Northampton, England, during the reign of King Henry 11, known as The Builder of Churches, 1154 - 1189. Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation.", "From the Roman name Martinus, which was derived from Martis, the genitive case of the name of the Roman god MARS. Saint Martin of Tours was a 4th-century bishop who is the patron saint of France.", "This interesting surname recorded in some two hundred forms from Martin and Martini to Marti and Martinovich, is of Roman origin. It derives from Mars, the god of fertility and war, although it is claimed that Mars itself may derive ultimately from the word mar, meaning to gleam.", "The surname is very common, in many variant forms, across Europe and this is credited to the widespread fame of the fourth-century St Martin of Tours. The Martin surname might also have origins in the ancient Latin name Martinus, derived from Mars, the Roman god of fertility and war.", "MARTIN Surname Meaning & Origin: Martin is a patronymic surname taken from the ancient Latin given name Martinus, derived from Mars, the Roman god of fertility and war. Surname Origin: English, French, Scottish, Irish, German and others. Alternate Surname Spellings:" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_(name)", "http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Martin", "http://www.behindthename.com/name/martin", "http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Martin", "http://irelandroots.com/martin.htm", "http://genealogy.about.com/od/surname_meaning/p/martin.htm" ] }

[ "MARTIN Surname Meaning & Origin: Martin is a patronymic surname taken from the ancient Latin given name Martinus, derived from Mars, the Roman god of fertility and war. Surname Origin: English, French, Scottish, Irish, German and others. Alternate Surname Spellings:" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Amount of Protein. All types of steak, whether you enjoy porterhouse, sirloin, rib-eye, T-bone or tenderloin, provide approximately 7 grams of protein per ounce. Having a modest 3-ounce portion of steak for dinner, which is about the size of a deck of cards, offers about 21 grams of protein. Even though steak packs lots of protein to your diet, it is also high in fat and calories, so you should not rely on it as your main protein source", "Steak is high in protein, but it is also high in saturated fat. Steak is naturally rich in protein. You need this macronutrient to repair tissues, build lean muscle mass, give structure to skin and act as a backup source of energy when carbohydrates and fat are not available. Even though steak packs lots of protein to your diet, it is also high in fat and calories, so you should not rely on it as your main protein source. All types of steak, whether you enjoy porterhouse, sirloin, rib-eye, T-bone or tenderloin, provide approximately 7 grams of protein per ounce.", "Sources of Complete Protein. Animal sources of protein are complete proteins, and some plant foods contain all essential amino acids. Sources of complete animal proteins include milk, yogurt, cheese, meat, poultry, fish, seafood and eggs. Soy protein is a plant-based source of high-quality, complete protein. ", "Soybeans are very low in fat compared to meat sources of protein, and contain a good portion of dietary fiber, but the percentage of protein by weight is fairly low. According to the USDA National Nutrient Database, tofu and boiled whole soybeans each contain about 16 percent protein. Plant sources of protein such as beans, whole grains and nuts are also part of a balanced diet. Soy, beef and chicken are three high-protein foods.", "Meat is one of the riches sources of dietary protein. Since meat contains all of the essential amino acids your body requires daily to build proteins, it is also classified as a high-quality, complete protein. The amount of protein present in one portion of meat, about 3 ounces, varies by type and cut. For example, 3 ounces of lamb loin contain 25 grams of protein, a 3-ounce portion of pork loin provides 24 grams, 3 ounces of bottom round beef steak contain almost 29 grams of protein and a 3-ounce portion of 95 percent lean ground beef contains about 25 grams of dietary protein.", "Meat, eggs and other animal products are well-known sources of protein. Plant sources of protein such as beans, whole grains and nuts are also part of a balanced diet. Soy, beef and chicken are three high-protein foods.", "Beef is a great source of protein. Beef supplements let you avoid the fat and cholesterol from steak and hamburger, but still get the protein from red meat. Beef protein is rich in vitamin A, C, B6, B12, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium and potassium. Consume beef protein daily to build new muscle tissue.* You should always ingest protein from food sources, but the purity of beef protein powder gives you what you need, when you need it.*. Always check calories per serving to make sure beef protein fits within your daily values.", "Let’s look at it this way: one cup of broccoli contains 31 calories, which means you would have to eat more than 3 cups of broccoli to get 11.1 grams of protein. Moreover, VeganStreet.com underestimates the grams of protein in a serving of beef. A 3-oz. serving of beef provides 25 grams of protein. ", "Get Strong Like Bull*. MUSCLE-BUILDING BEEF*. The protein in beef provides the body with building blocks to produce amino acids that are necessary for making muscle. While getting your protein source from meat is great, whole-food beef contains a lot of fat and cholesterol. Enter beef protein isolates. Consume beef protein daily to build new muscle tissue.* You should always ingest protein from food sources, but the purity of beef protein powder gives you what you need, when you need it.*. Always check calories per serving to make sure beef protein fits within your daily values." ], "url": [ "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/steak-give-lot-protein-3187.html", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/steak-give-lot-protein-3187.html", "http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/proteins/incomplete-vs-complete-proteins.html", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/soy-beef-chicken-highest-percentage-protein-6357.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/533434-how-much-protein-does-meat-have/", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/soy-beef-chicken-highest-percentage-protein-6357.html", "http://www.bodybuilding.com/store/beef-protein.html", "http://beefmagazine.com/blog/are-vegetable-proteins-equal-protein-beef", "http://www.bodybuilding.com/store/beef-protein.html" ] }

[ "Beef is a great source of protein. Beef supplements let you avoid the fat and cholesterol from steak and hamburger, but still get the protein from red meat. Beef protein is rich in vitamin A, C, B6, B12, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium and potassium. Consume beef protein daily to build new muscle tissue.* You should always ingest protein from food sources, but the purity of beef protein powder gives you what you need, when you need it.*. Always check calories per serving to make sure beef protein fits within your daily values." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "(WHDH) - This postseason has already been full of broken records for New England Patriots quarterback Tom Brady, but one that he's chasing is super bowl appearances. That record currently stands at six games. It's held by several players including former Patriot and current Indianapolis Colts kicker Adam Vinatieri.", "Don Beebe was a member of 6 Super Bowl teams, including four appearances with the Buffalo Bills (Super Bowl XXV, Super Bowl XXVI, Super Bowl XXVII and Super Bowl XXVIII) and two with the Green Bay Packers (Super Bowl XXXI and Super Bowl XXXII). Beebe won his first World Championship with the Packers at Super Bowl XXXI.", "3 votes Currently voted the best answer Vote for this answer. Defensive lineman Mike Lodish holds the record for most Super Bowl appearances with six. He played in four Super Bowls for the Buffalo Bills, and then two more with the Denver Broncos.", "He was in the following Super Bowls XXI, XXII, XXIV, XXXII and XXXIII … . Overall, Defensive End/Nose Tackle Mike Lodish holds the record with 6 Super Bowl appearances. He played for the Buffalo Bills in Super Bowls XXV, XXVI, XXVII, XXVIII and for the Denver Broncos in Super Bowls XXXII and XXXIII. 2 people found this useful.", "Don Beebe was a member of all four Bills Super Bowl teams from 1990-1993, and went to 2 Super Bowls with the Packers in 1996 and 1997, winning a championship ring with them in Super Bowl XXXI. He shares the record (along with Mike Lodish) for the number of Super Bowl appearances by any one player [6].", "The list of records is separated by individual players andk teams. Players and teams, along with their record a most NFL championship the most NFL championships, are noted with the Super Bowl game played.", "6: Most Super Bowl appearances by any one player. Mike Lodish played 11 seasons in the NFL, and six of them ended in the Super Bowl. The defensive lineman was drafted out of UCLA in 1990 and played five years for the Buffalo Bills (1990-94) before his six-year career with the Broncos.", "Don Beebe was a member of six Super Bowl teams, including four appearances with the Buffalo Bills (Super Bowl XXV, Super Bowl XXVI, Super Bowl XXVII and Super Bowl XXVIII) and two with the Green Bay Packers (Super Bowl XXXI and Super Bowl XXXII)." ], "url": [ "http://www.whdh.com/story/27841329/brady-vinatieri-vying-for-record-of-most-super-bowl-appearances", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_player_has_the_most_Super_Bowl_appearances", "http://www.funtrivia.com/askft/Question9816.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_player_has_the_most_Super_Bowl_appearances", "http://www.funtrivia.com/askft/Question9816.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Super_Bowl_records", "http://athlonsports.com/nfl/20-amazing-all-time-nfl-super-bowl-stats", "http://www.funtrivia.com/askft/Question9816.html" ] }

[ "6: Most Super Bowl appearances by any one player. Mike Lodish played 11 seasons in the NFL, and six of them ended in the Super Bowl. The defensive lineman was drafted out of UCLA in 1990 and played five years for the Buffalo Bills (1990-94) before his six-year career with the Broncos." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Full Definition of ELECTRONICS. 1. singular in construction: a branch of physics that deals with the emission, behavior, and effects of electrons (as in electron tubes and transistors) and with electronic devices. 2. : electronic components, devices, or equipment. ADVERTISEMENT.", "The study of semiconductor devices and related technology is considered a branch of solid-state physics, whereas the design and construction of electronic circuits to solve practical problems come under electronics engineering.", "Noun. 1. electronics-the branch of physics that deals with the emission and effects of electrons and with the use of electronic devices. base - (electronics) the part of a transistor that separates the emitter from the collector.", "electronics-the branch of physics that deals with the emission and effects of electrons and with the use of electronic devices.", "Electronics is the science of how to control electric energy, energy in which the electrons have a fundamental role.", "Electronics engineering, or electronic engineering, is an engineering discipline which utilizes non-linear and active electrical components (such as electron tubes, and semiconductor devices, especially transistors, diodes and integrated circuits) to design electronic circuits, devices and systems.", "1. (Electronics) (functioning as singular) the science and technology concerned with the development, behaviour, and applications of electronic devices and circuits. 2. (Electronics) (functioning as plural) the circuits and devices of a piece of electronic equipment: the electronics of a television set.", "Solar Energy. Definition of electronics: Electronics is the branch of science that deals with the study of flow and control of electrons (electricity) and the study of their behavior and effects in vacuums, gases, and semiconductors, and with devices using such electrons." ], "url": [ "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/electronics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronics", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/electronics", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/electronics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_engineering", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/electronics", "http://electronicsandyou.com/electronics-basics/electronics_definitions.html" ] }

[ "Solar Energy. Definition of electronics: Electronics is the branch of science that deals with the study of flow and control of electrons (electricity) and the study of their behavior and effects in vacuums, gases, and semiconductors, and with devices using such electrons." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Carbon Dioxide. Carbon dioxide (CO2), which comes mainly from burning fossils fuels, is one of the top three greenhouse gases. Though not as high on the GWP scale as methane, CO2 accounts for the majority of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States -- 85 percent, noted Koerner. Vehicles are the biggest contributor. Methane, which comes from natural gas, landfills and cow flatulence, is one of the top three greenhouse gases, according to the Popular Science website. Methane has a Global Warming Potential (GWP) rating of 21.", "The three gases shown, in addition to tropospheric ozone (O 3 in the lower atmosphere) and a class of compounds called halocarbons (organic compounds containing chlorine, bromine, or fluorine, for example freon) are the major greenhouse gases emitted by human activities. A greenhouse gas (often abbreviated as GHG) is a gas that both absorbs and emits radiation in the infrared range, commonly called thermal radiation or heat. When present in the atmosphere, these gases trap radiation in the form of heat, causing a warming process called the greenhouse effect", "The presence of four major greenhouse gases, namely water vapor (H 2 O), carbon dioxide (CO 2), methane (CH 4) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) in the Earth's atmosphere keeps the average temperature of 15º C (59º F), whereas without the greenhouse effect the average temperature would be a frosty -18º C (0º F). A greenhouse gas (often abbreviated as GHG) is a gas that both absorbs and emits radiation in the infrared range, commonly called thermal radiation or heat. When present in the atmosphere, these gases trap radiation in the form of heat, causing a warming process called the greenhouse effect", "Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere, which makes the Earth warmer. People are adding several types of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, and each gas's effect on climate change depends on three main factors: People produce larger amounts of some greenhouse gases than others. ", "carbon dioxide (CO2)methane (CH4)CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons)water vapor (this is a natural greenhouse gas that we cannot control) Another Answer: To understand the gre … enhouse effect though, we need to know the actual order of these gases: 1. Water vapor produces most of the greenhouse effect (over 80%). ", "A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Without greenhouse gases, the average temperature of Earth's surface would be about 15 °C (27 °F) colder than the present average of 14 °C (57 °F). The main sources of greenhouse gases due to human activity are: 1 burning of fossil fuels and deforestation leading to higher carbon dioxide concentrations in the air. 2 Land use change (mainly deforestation in the tropics) account for up to one third of total anthropogenic CO 2 emissions." ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/facts_8066994_3-major-greenhouse-gases.html", "http://beacon.berkeley.edu/GHGs.aspx", "http://beacon.berkeley.edu/GHGs.aspx", "http://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/basics/today/greenhouse-gases.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_three_major_natural_greenhouse_gases", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas" ] }

[]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "(see Reference 8) However, therapists with either an associate or bachelor's degree have an advantage in the job market. (see Ref. 1, Become) The average annual pay of radiation therapists was $80,410 in 2012, and 10 percent earned at least $113,810, according to the BLS. (see Reference 6). An associate degree in radiation therapy usually takes two years, depending on whether prerequisites such as math and anatomy are included in the actual program.", "The average salary for a Radiation Therapist with a 4 year degree is approximately $72,000 per year. A person with a two year degree can expect to make approximately $47,000 per year. Of course, this depends on the area of the country in which you work. The median salary for people with a degree in Radiation Therapy is $83,631.69. The lifetime value of this degree is approximately $1,701,813.00. Salaries are highly dependent on how skilled one is at negotiation, experience, policies at your employer, region, and more besides.", "2nd Highest Paying Associate Degree: Radiation Therapist. Radiation Therapist Median Annual Salary - $75,000 Top Earners - $110,000 Projected Growth in Job Demand - 20% Coming in at number two is the occupation of Radiation Therapist. Some states also require that a Radiation Therapist pass a licensing exam before they can begin working, but with an average annual salary of $75K, it's not hard to understand why this occupation comes in at number two on the list of best associate degrees for 2014.", "becoming Radiation therapists. The median salary for people with a degree in Radiation Therapy is $83,631.69. The lifetime value of this degree is approximately $1,701,813.00. Salaries are highly dependent on how skilled one is at negotiation, experience, policies at your employer, region, and more besides.", "$34,750. The median annual wage for radiation therapists was $77,560 in May 2012. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $51,720, and the top 10 percent earned more than $113,810. Most radiation therapists work full time. Because radiation therapy procedures are usually planned in advance, radiation therapists keep a regular work schedule.", "According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), an associate's degree is the most common requirement to be able to practice as a radiation therapist (www.bls.gov). At the same time, the mean annual wage for radiation therapists was determined to be $78,290. To continue researching, browse degree options below for course curriculum, prerequisites and financial aid information. Or, learn more about the subject by reading the related articles below: 1 1.", "According to the BLS, radiation therapists get a median salary of around $66,170 per year. Professionals who work in outpatient centers can earn much higher. However, the average salary of hospital-employed radiation therapist is less, averaging around $63,500 per year. Lowest income of radiation therapist is estimated around $51,720 per year. Top 10 percent therapists make more than $113,810 per year.", "So, the total salary of a radiation therapist in the US is around $84,558 per year. You are eligible for getting $51,210 during the beginning of your career. Average salary of a well-established professional is around $94,080 per year. If you have 10-19 years of experience, you can earn around $97,890 per year. Professionals who work in outpatient centers can earn much higher. However, the average salary of hospital-employed radiation therapist is less, averaging around $63,500 per year. Lowest income of radiation therapist is estimated around $51,720 per year. Top 10 percent therapists make more than $113,81", "An Associate's degree is required for this occupation. A Radiation Therapist can get average salaries between 56000 and 84000 based on tenure and industry expertise. Radiation Therapists can get an average compensation of Seventy Eight Thousand Five Hundred dollars each year. Radiation Therapists are compensated at the highest average salary in South Carolina, where they earn average pay levels of about $97090. They are paid at the highest level in Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services, where they get pay levels, on average, of $83900", "For example the median expected annual pay for a typical Radiation Therapy Technologist (ARRT) in the United States is $76,597, so 50% of the people who perform the job of Radiation Therapy Technologist (ARRT) in the United States are expected to make less than $76,597. The annual salary for someone with the job title Radiation Therapy Technologist (ARRT) may vary depending on a number of factors including industry, company size, location, years of experience and level of education." ], "url": [ "http://work.chron.com/associate-degree-vs-bachelor-science-radiation-therapy-27710.html", "http://www.onlinedegrees.org/degrees/radiation-therapy/", "http://www.degreesthatpay.com/info/five-highest-paying-associate-degrees-for-2014/2nd-highest-paying-associate-degree", "http://www.onlinedegrees.org/degrees/radiation-therapy/", "http://www.bls.gov/ooh/Healthcare/Radiation-therapists.htm", "http://learn.org/articles/Radiation_Therapy_Associates_Degree.html", "http://www.healthassistancepartnership.org/radiation-therapist-salary/", "http://www.healthassistancepartnership.org/radiation-therapist-salary/", "https://www.recruiter.com/salaries/radiation-therapists-salary/", "http://www1.salary.com/Radiation-Therapist-ARRT-salary.html" ] }

[ "An Associate's degree is required for this occupation. A Radiation Therapist can get average salaries between 56000 and 84000 based on tenure and industry expertise. Radiation Therapists can get an average compensation of Seventy Eight Thousand Five Hundred dollars each year. Radiation Therapists are compensated at the highest average salary in South Carolina, where they earn average pay levels of about $97090. They are paid at the highest level in Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services, where they get pay levels, on average, of $83900" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "AD 8/02 Hepatorenal Syndrome Key Points: 1. Heptatorenal syndrome (HRS) is the finding of renal failure in the setting of acute or chronic advanced liver failure and is due to effective hypoperfusion to the kidneys. 2. HRS is a diagnosis of exclusion and other causes of renal failure need to be ruled out. 3. ", "General Discussion. Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a form of impaired kidney function that occurs in individuals with advanced liver disease. Individuals with hepatorenal syndrome do not have any identifiable cause of kidney dysfunction and the kidneys themselves are not structural damaged. Important. It is possible that the main title of the report Hepatorenal Syndrome is not the name you expected. Please check the synonyms listing to find the alternate name(s) and disorder subdivision(s) covered by this report.", "The risk of death in hepatorenal syndrome is very high; the mortality of individuals with type 1 HRS is over 50% over the short term, as determined by historical case series. The only long-term treatment option for the condition is liver transplantation. The kidney failure of HRS is a consequence of these changes in blood flow, rather than direct damage to the kidney. The diagnosis of hepatorenal syndrome is based on laboratory tests of individuals susceptible to the condition.", "Background. Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is the development of renal failure in patients with advanced chronic liver disease, occasionally fulminant hepatitis, who have portal hypertension and ascites. ", "1 Hepatorenal Syndrome: A condition the occurs as a result of severe liver disease. 2 Hepatorenal Syndrome: Functional KIDNEY FAILURE in patients with liver disease, usually LIVER CIRRHOSIS or portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL), and in the absence of intrinsic renal disease or kidney abnormality. 1 Hepatorenal Syndrome: Functional KIDNEY FAILURE in patients with liver disease, usually LIVER CIRRHOSIS or portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL), and in the absence of intrinsic renal disease or kidney abnormality.", "Hepatorenal syndrome is a particular and common type of kidney failure that affects individuals with liver cirrhosis or, less commonly, with fulminant liver failure. The kidney failure of HRS is a consequence of these changes in blood flow, rather than direct damage to the kidney. The diagnosis of hepatorenal syndrome is based on laboratory tests of individuals susceptible to the condition.", "Hepatorenal syndrome (often abbreviated HRS) is a life-threatening medical condition that consists of rapid deterioration in kidney function in individuals with cirrhosis or fulminant liver failure. The kidney failure of HRS is a consequence of these changes in blood flow, rather than direct damage to the kidney. The diagnosis of hepatorenal syndrome is based on laboratory tests of individuals susceptible to the condition.", "Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a type of progressive kidney failure. As the kidneys stop functioning, toxins begin to build up in the body. Eventually, this leads to liver failure. It is only seen in people with severe liver damage and is almost always caused by cirrhosis. Treatment of Hepatorenal Syndrome. Medications called vasoconstrictors can help with the low blood pressure caused by HRS. Dialysis may be used to improve kidney symptoms. Dialysis filters harmful wastes, excess salt, and excess water from your blood.", "Hepatorenal syndrome is a condition that involves a progressive form of kidney disease, common process is kidney failure. This would persist and can provide a grave effect on the person’s life by complications. " ], "url": [ "http://medicine.ucsf.edu/education/resed/Chiefs_cover_sheets/hepatorenal%20syndrome.pdf", "http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/hepatorenal-syndrome", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatorenal_syndrome", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/178208-overview", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/h/hepatorenal_syndrome/basics.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatorenal_syndrome", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatorenal_syndrome", "http://www.healthline.com/health/hepatorenal-syndrome", "http://syndrome.org/hepatorenal-syndrome/" ] }

[ "Hepatorenal syndrome (often abbreviated HRS) is a life-threatening medical condition that consists of rapid deterioration in kidney function in individuals with cirrhosis or fulminant liver failure. The kidney failure of HRS is a consequence of these changes in blood flow, rather than direct damage to the kidney. The diagnosis of hepatorenal syndrome is based on laboratory tests of individuals susceptible to the condition." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "dental implants can also be used to support bridges and dentures the average cost of a complete set of dentures supported by dental implants is about $ 34000 for more information about the procedures used to put dental implants in place check out our blog posts on dental implants 101 and all on 4", "paying for dental implants can be challenging because they are also rarely covered by dental insurance plans however more dental plans are covering at least some of the cost of dental implants than they did about a decade ago on average it costs anywhere from $ 1500 to $ 2800 to replace a single tooth the price range is so broad because there are many different factors associated with it", "single tooth implants cost single dental implant cost is generally in the $ 850 $ 3500 range this is the price if everything goes smoothly however if additional procedures need to be done expect to pay up to $ 10000 in the united states average price for a single dental implant is around $ 2500", "a single implant typically costs $ 2400 $ 3000 but can be $ 4000 $ 10000 or more if additional procedures like extractions bone grafts placing an abutment and a dental crown on a single implant typically adds $ 500 $ 3000 to the cost of just the implant for a total of $ 1500 $ 13", "the best way to determine the actual cost of your dental implant is to contact us for a free consultation according to dentalimplantcostguide com the average completed dental implant in the u s costs about $ 4250", "two to six implants topped with a partial or full mouth dental bridge can cost $ 3500 $ 30000 or more depending on the number of implants bridge size and materials and any other needed procedures", "two to six implants with a removable denture plate can cost $ 3500 $ 30000 or more depending on the number and type of implants mini implants are less expensive denture materials in some cases an existing denture plate can be adapted for use with implants and any other procedures needed" ], "url": [ "http://drstonedds.com/average-cost-dental-implants/", "http://health.alot.com/wellness/the-cost-of-dental-implants--5306", "http://mydentalimplants.org/cost/", "http://health.costhelper.com/dental-implant.html", "http://drstonedds.com/average-cost-dental-implants/", "http://health.costhelper.com/dental-implant.html", "http://health.costhelper.com/dental-implant.html" ] }

[ "single tooth implants cost single dental implant cost is generally in the $ 850 $ 3500 range this is the price if everything goes smoothly however if additional procedures need to be done expect to pay up to $ 10000 in the united states average price for a single dental implant is around $ 2500" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Moldy bread may not be what you would consider for lunch, but for some people --- young college students and the homeless --- it is an option, according to CNN Health. Eating moldy foods, including bread, can be dangerous because you could be eating mycotoxins, or fungal poisons. Some types of mold can cause food poisoning, which can make you ill and result in stomach cramps, fever, diarrhea, vomiting and nausea.", "1 Scrub mold off surface. 2 It is normal for these shelf-stable products to have surface mold.). 3 Firm fruits and vegetables (such as cabbage, bell peppers, carrots, etc.) as well as hard cheeses are OK to eat if you remove the mold.", "As to when it’s OK to eat moldy foods and when it’s not, it depends on the food item. With respect to bread and cheese, it’s important to understand that the visible mold you see on the surface of bread and cheese also sends root threads down into the food.", "While not all molds are bad for you to eat, many are, and unless you want to whip out a microscope and meticulously identify the mold present on your food (note: there are 300,000 known types and counting), as a general rule it’s better to avoid moldy foods.", "All that being said, some cheese is made with mold, such as the aforementioned Brie, Roquefort, and Camembert. Obviously the mold that the cheese is made with is safe to eat. But if you notice other mold growing on the cheese, cut it off or throw it out depending on whether it’s hard or soft cheese. Now with breads, you should always throw away the bread when you discover mold on it.", "Food poisoning is caused by various organisms. Mold can cause illness, especially if the person is allergic to molds. Usually though, the main symptoms from eating moldy food will be nausea or vomiting from the bad taste and smell of the moldy food. Mold on grain products is the worst-e.g. moldy bread, moldy muffins, etc. - and should be thrown out." ], "url": [ "http://www.livestrong.com/article/443512-risk-of-eating-moldy-bread/", "http://imaginationstationtoledo.org/content/2011/08/is-it-safe-to-eat-that-moldy-bread/", "http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2012/05/is-it-safe-to-eat-moldy-bread-or-moldy-cheese/", "http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2012/05/is-it-safe-to-eat-moldy-bread-or-moldy-cheese/", "http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2012/05/is-it-safe-to-eat-moldy-bread-or-moldy-cheese/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_dangerous_is_it_to_eat_molded_bread" ] }

[ "All that being said, some cheese is made with mold, such as the aforementioned Brie, Roquefort, and Camembert. Obviously the mold that the cheese is made with is safe to eat. But if you notice other mold growing on the cheese, cut it off or throw it out depending on whether it’s hard or soft cheese. Now with breads, you should always throw away the bread when you discover mold on it." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "THE MOST IMPORTANT “P” IN MARKETING. Anyone who has studied marketing has, undoubtedly, been taught the 4-Ps of marketing. These are: Product, Price, Place (i.e., distribution), and Promotion.", "4) When convenience of purchase is of primary importance (e.g. bank branches, convenience stores). The purpose of the marketing mix. The marketing mix of price, place product and promotion are critical to capturing the value of the marketing effort.", "The 4 P s of Marketing. The 4 Ps of marketing are Product, Price, Place, and Promotion. Think of each of these as a variable which you control. The idea is to set these variables in such a way so that sales will take place.", "Best Answer: It is called the 'Marketing Mix' for a reason. all four are equally important. Marketing isn't about absolutes, it's about integration. If you think about the four P's as a human body, it's like asking what's more important to live: your brain, your heart, your lungs, or your blood.", "Each of the four Ps is considered just as important as the others. They are interdependent in making a product or company a success. Each of the four Ps has unique factors to consider. The main consideration associated with the product variable is the actual commodity or service to be sold in return for money.", "2) When a product is a commodity and requires differentiation, 3) When a product is complicated and requires education and training of users, 4) When success depends on continued reinforcement of brand and image.", "1 Marketing mix is the combination of four basic elements/ingredients under one head. 2 Product itself is the most important element of marketing mix. 3 Price, place and promotion are the other supporting elements. 4 Marketing mix indicates an appropriate combination of four Ps for achieving marketing objectives." ], "url": [ "http://www.bdn-intl.com/TheMostImportant-P-InMkt.php", "http://gwrresearch.blogspot.com/2014/03/which-of-four-ps-of-marketing-is-most.html", "http://www.sfu.ca/~mvolker/biz/mktintro.htm", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071101092223AAKKcXZ", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-the-four-ps-of-marketing.htm", "http://gwrresearch.blogspot.com/2014/03/which-of-four-ps-of-marketing-is-most.html", "http://kalyan-city.blogspot.com/2010/05/marketing-marketing-mix-4-ps-of.html" ] }

[ "THE MOST IMPORTANT “P” IN MARKETING. Anyone who has studied marketing has, undoubtedly, been taught the 4-Ps of marketing. These are: Product, Price, Place (i.e., distribution), and Promotion." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "diclofenac is the generic name for a prescription drug that s available under a number of brand names such as voltaren pennsaid solaraze zipsor cataflam and zorvolex a voltaren cataflam diclofenac http www everydayhealth com drugs diclofenac is a non steroidal anti inflammatory drug nsaid that works on substances in the brain that normally cause pain and inflammation", "voltaren suppositories should not be used in children under 12 months of age because of their strength voltaren 100mg suppositories are not suitable for children and adolescents there is not enough information to recommend the use of voltaren tablets in children voltaren belongs to a group of medicines called non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs nsaids which are used to treat pain and reduce inflammation swelling and redness voltaren is used to treat different types of arthritis including rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis", "voltaren is only available with a doctor s prescription it is not addictive voltaren suppositories should not be used in children under 12 months of age because of their strength voltaren 100mg suppositories are not suitable for children and adolescents there is not enough information to recommend the use of voltaren tablets in children voltaren is used to treat different types of arthritis including rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis other painful conditions where swelling is a problem such as back pain rheumatism muscle strains sprains and tendonitis e g tennis elbow menstrual cramps period pain", "diclofenac is a pain reliever in the drug class nsaid non steroidal anti inflammatory drug it is available both over the counter and by prescription in the united states its common brand names are voltaren cataflam and zipsor diclofenac is often used to treat pain tenderness swelling and stillness resulting from osteoarthritis rheumatoid arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis short acting cataflam and zipsor diclofenac may be used to treat menstrual or other pains diclofenac gel or cream is sometimes used to treat actinic keratosis a skin condition that may become cancerous if not treated", "diclofenac is normally taken to relieve pain swelling or inflammation caused by injuries and conditions such as osteoarthritis rheumatoid arthritis painful menstruation periods migraines and ankylosing splondylitis diclofenac belongs to group of drugs known as non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs nsaids they work by inhibiting a specific type of prostaglandin that causes inflammation a voltaren cataflam diclofenac http www everydayhealth com drugs diclofenac is a non steroidal anti inflammatory drug nsaid that works on substances in the brain that normally cause pain and", "indication voltaren gel is a nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drug nsaid used for the relief of joint pain of osteoarthritis in the knees ankles feet elbows wrists and hands voltaren gel has not been studied for use on the spine hip or shoulder ", "descriptions diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drug nsaid used to treat pain and other symptoms of arthritis of the joints eg osteoarthritis such as inflammation swelling stiffness and joint pain however this medicine does not cure osteoarthritis and will help you only as long as you continue to use it diclofenac topical solution is used to treat pain and swelling caused by osteoarthritis of the knees diclofenac topical patch is used to treat acute pain caused by minor strains sprains and contusions bruises this medicine is available only with your doctor s prescription", "an overview of what diclofenac is used for although diclofenac is probably most commonly used to treat pain it is actually approved for a wide variety of other uses the approved uses for the various diclofenac products include the treatment of the following conditions pain cataflam flector zipsor", "voltaren belongs to a group of medicines called non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs nsaids which are used to treat pain and reduce inflammation swelling and redness voltaren is used to treat different types of arthritis including rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis other painful conditions where swelling is a problem such as back pain rheumatism muscle strains sprains and tendonitis e g tennis elbow menstrual cramps period pain" ], "url": [ "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/diclofenac", "http://www.news-medical.net/drugs/Voltaren.aspx", "http://www.mydr.com.au/medicines/cmis/voltaren", "http://www.livescience.com/42922-diclofenac.html", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/diclofenac", "http://voltarengel.com/", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/diclofenac-topical-application-route/description/DRG-20063434", "http://arthritis.emedtv.com/diclofenac/what-is-diclofenac-used-for.html", "http://www.mydr.com.au/medicines/cmis/voltaren" ] }

[ "voltaren belongs to a group of medicines called non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs nsaids which are used to treat pain and reduce inflammation swelling and redness voltaren is used to treat different types of arthritis including rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis other painful conditions where swelling is a problem such as back pain rheumatism muscle strains sprains and tendonitis e g tennis elbow menstrual cramps period pain" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "6. Try waiting. If your tooth just won't seem to come out, it may not quite be ready to fall out, so be patient. If your loose tooth isn't hurting you, distracting you, or getting in the way of your other teeth, you have no reason to worry about waiting. ", "1 This could be a cavity or sensitivity. 2 Don't pull on a tooth that is not that loose. 3 Eat on the other side of your mouth because it will prevent hurting and pain. 4 Don't pull out a tooth that is not loose enough-wait until it is really loose. 5 Just because you think it is really ready, it might not be the case. 1 Don't pull on a tooth that is not that loose. 2 Eat on the other side of your mouth because it will prevent hurting and pain. 3 Don't pull out a tooth that is not loose enough-wait until it is really loose. 4", "Teeth become loose as the roots dissolve to make room for the adult tooth. It can take two or three months for the tooth to become loose enough to pull out. You do not want to pull the tooth out until it is ready, or your child will have a gap for much longer than normal. ", "It's best to let the tooth come out on its own because baby teeth usually come out right before the permanent tooth is ready to come in. That's the theory, anyway, but it can be difficult to follow in practice. Find out next how to remove that loose tooth with a minimum of pain and effort. Print. ", "Check out seven painless ways to take out a loose tooth below. 1. Wiggling the tooth. Either wiggling the loose tooth with the tongue or using a back-and-forth motion with a very clean index and thumb finger, this is probably the most painless and easiest way to get out a pesky loose tooth. 2. Eating harder foods", "1 Don't pull the tooth out if it isn't wobbly enough for you to push it back and forth with your tongue. 2 Don't pull too hard. 3 If it starts to hurt dramatically, stop and wait until the next day. 4 If the gum is swollen, try holding an ice cube to the area to reduce the swelling. 1 Don't pull on a tooth that is not that loose. 2 Eat on the other side of your mouth because it will prevent hurting and pain. 3 Don't pull out a tooth that is not loose enough-wait until it is really loose. 4 Just because you think it is really ready, it might not be the case", "The least painful way of getting this out is to have a dentist remove the tooth. (S)He can give you a numbing agent that will make it not hurt when he or she does remove the tooth. This happened to both of my sons, and the dentist just numbed them up and removed the teeth. Very easy procedure. Hope this helps. ", "Forget what you may have seen on television; running a string from the tooth to a doorknob and slamming the door is decidedly not a painless way to remove a loose tooth! Encourage your child to do lots of wiggling of the tooth, with either his finger or tongue. You may not need to do any pulling at all. If he's up for it, try to get your child to pull his own tooth. Only he can tell exactly how loose it is -- and when the pulling becomes painful. To keep a firm grip on the tooth, use a piece of gauze or tissue, then grasp the tooth and twist it out.", "If the tooth is loose--especially if it's dangling--you will have a greater chance of pulling it successfully with minimum pain. Baby teeth and teeth that are loose due to gum disease are easiest to extract. Brush your teeth to make sure any extra food particles are out of the way. If you are not able to do this, swish water in your mouth and spit it back out a few times. Grasp the tooth by using a small square of gauze. " ], "url": [ "http://www.wikihow.com/Make-a-Loose-Tooth-Fall-Out-Without-Pulling-It", "http://www.wikihow.com/Pull-out-a-Loose-Tooth", "http://www.modernmom.com/c34642bc-3b45-11e3-8407-bc764e04a41e.html", "http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/oral-care/kids/how-to-remove-kids-loose-tooth.htm", "http://blog.dmsmiles.com/7-tips-to-painlessly-pull-a-loose-tooth/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Pull-out-a-Loose-Tooth", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080604153922AAch3cX", "http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/oral-care/kids/how-to-remove-kids-loose-tooth1.htm", "http://www.ehow.com/how_5057475_extract-tooth-home.html" ] }

[ "1 Don't pull the tooth out if it isn't wobbly enough for you to push it back and forth with your tongue. 2 Don't pull too hard. 3 If it starts to hurt dramatically, stop and wait until the next day. 4 If the gum is swollen, try holding an ice cube to the area to reduce the swelling. 1 Don't pull on a tooth that is not that loose. 2 Eat on the other side of your mouth because it will prevent hurting and pain. 3 Don't pull out a tooth that is not loose enough-wait until it is really loose. 4 Just because you think it is really ready, it might not be the case" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The salary for someone with the job title Phlebotomist in Nashville, TN varies depending on a number of factors.", "Metropolitan Comparison. The average wage for medical and clinical technicians, including phlebotomists, varies by metro area in Tennessee. Chattanooga technicians could expect a mean $17.12 an hour or $35,600 annually while those in Knoxville made a mean $15.39 an hour or $32,010 a year. Technicians in Nashville averaged the highest wage at $35,500 a year or $17.07 per hour. Memphis medical and clinical technicians made the closest to the Tennessee state average wage of $33,910 per year or $16.30 an hour.", "Average Phlebotomist salaries for job postings in Nashville, TN are 6% lower than average Phlebotomist salaries for job postings nationwide.", "From the data found by the American Society of Clinical Pathologists (ASCP), obviously a phlebotomist salary plays approximately $13 an hour. So for Tennessee, most phlebotomists earn a good sum of cash playing in a number between $22,000 and $30,000 each year. Phlebotomist salary is reliant mainly on the following factors: degree and credentials, practical experience, and the type of employer.", "For example the median expected annual pay for a typical Phlebotomist in the United States is $29,744 so 50% of the people who perform the job of Phlebotomist in the United States are expected to make less than $29,744. Source: HR Reported data as of October 2015. 1 Salary. 2 Bonus." ], "url": [ "http://www1.salary.com/TN/Nashville/Phlebotomist-salary.html", "http://www.ehow.com/info_7896162_much-phlebotomist-make-tennessee.html", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/q-Phlebotomist-l-Nashville,-TN.html", "http://phlebotomyfacts.com/states/phlebotomy-salary/tennessee", "http://www1.salary.com/TN/Nashville/Phlebotomist-salary.html" ] }

[ "For example the median expected annual pay for a typical Phlebotomist in the United States is $29,744 so 50% of the people who perform the job of Phlebotomist in the United States are expected to make less than $29,744. Source: HR Reported data as of October 2015. 1 Salary. 2 Bonus." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Brownstone is a word used both to refer to a type of building material and structures built or sheathed in it.", "Brownstone, also known as freestone due to its durability and advantages as a building material, was used by early Quakers in Pennsylvania to construct stone mills and mill houses. In central Pennsylvania, some 1700s-era structures survive, including one still used as a residence, known as the Quaker Mill House.", "brownstone-a row house built of brownstone; reddish brown in color. row house, town house-a house that is one of a row of identical houses situated side by side and sharing common walls.", "Full Definition of BROWNSTONE. 1. : a reddish-brown sandstone used for building. 2. : a dwelling faced with brownstone. See brownstone defined for English-language learners. See brownstone defined for kids. ADVERTISEMENT.", "brownstone. noun brown·stone \\-ˌstōn\\. Tweet. : a reddish-brown type of stone that is used for building. : a house that is covered with a layer of ", "Some call any row house regardless of the material it’s made of a brownstone. Some call any row house that is brown in color a brownstone. Some call a row house with a layer of brown sandstone applied to its facade façade a.", "10 most extreme places on Earth. Brownstone is a word used both to refer to a type of building material and structures built or sheathed in it. While it is most closely associated with the Eastern United States, this material was at one point used all over the world in construction, particularly in upper class regions.", "Brownstone is a brown Triassic-Jurassic sandstone which was once a popular building material. The term is also used in the United States to refer to a townhouse clad in this material." ], "url": [ "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-brownstone.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brownstone", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/brownstone", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/brownstone", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/brownstone", "http://www.sellahomebrooklyn.com/what-exactly-is-a-brownstone/", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-brownstone.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brownstone" ] }

[ "Brownstone is a brown Triassic-Jurassic sandstone which was once a popular building material. The term is also used in the United States to refer to a townhouse clad in this material." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "S. officinalis has numerous common names. Some of the best-known are sage, common sage, garden sage, golden sage, kitchen sage, true sage, culinary sage, Dalmatian sage, and broadleaf sage. Cultivated forms include purple sage and red sage. The specific epithet officinalis refers to plants with a well-established medicinal or culinary value", "1 Plant the seeds/cuttings 24 to 30 inches apart. 2 For best growth, the soil should be between 60º and 70ºF. Plants should grow to be between 12 and 30 inches in height. 3 In the garden, plant near rosemary, cabbage, and carrots, but keep sage away from cucumbers. Do not prune it too severely or it won't come back. Prune back by about 1/3 growth. Keep in mind that a sage plant tends to get lanky as it gets old (3 to 5 years). It's fairly easy to grow sage from seed so you may need to start new plants soon.", "Planting. 1 Sage can grow from seeds, but the best way to grow high-quality sage is from cuttings from an established plant. 2 You can start the seeds/cuttings indoors 6 to 10 weeks before the last spring frost. 3 Plant the seeds/cuttings in well-drained soil 1 to 2 weeks before the last spring frost. Do not prune it too severely or it won't come back. Prune back by about 1/3 growth. Keep in mind that a sage plant tends to get lanky as it gets old (3 to 5 years). It's fairly easy to grow sage from seed so you may need to start new plants soon.", "Sage-the colour Sage is a pale, grayed-green colour, popular in the South-Western decorating style. Sage-the herb Sage is a perennial herb, commonly used in chicken dis … hes and stuffing for turkey. Sage-the person Sage is usually an older person of experience. Someone who is wise in the ways of the world and can give advice or guidance to the younger generations. Sage-the advice Sage advice is that which comes from a person of greater experience of the world, Sage in this case can be interpreted as wise. A wise person, some times a shaman or priest. ", "Sage is an herb from an evergreen shrub, Salvia officinalis, in the mint family. Its long, grayish-green leaves take on a velvety, cotton-like texture when rubbed (meaning ground lightly and passed through a coarse sieve). The name Sage comes from the Latin word salia, meaning to save. Greeks and Romans used it to cure snake bites and to invigorate the mind and body. In the Middle Ages, people drank Sage in tea and used Sage to treat colds, fevers, liver trouble, and epilepsy.", "Salvia officinalis (sage, also called garden sage, or common sage) is a perennial, evergreen subshrub, with woody stems, grayish leaves, and blue to purplish flowers. It is a member of the family Lamiaceae and is native to the Mediterranean region, though it has naturalized in many places throughout the world. Some of the best-known are sage, common sage, garden sage, golden sage, kitchen sage, true sage, culinary sage, Dalmatian sage, and broadleaf sage. Cultivated forms include purple sage and red sage.", "1 Sage can grow from seeds, but the best way to grow high-quality sage is from cuttings from an established plant. 2 You can start the seeds/cuttings indoors 6 to 10 weeks before the last spring frost. Do not prune it too severely or it won't come back. Prune back by about 1/3 growth. Keep in mind that a sage plant tends to get lanky as it gets old (3 to 5 years). It's fairly easy to grow sage from seed so you may need to start new plants soon.", "Sage originates from the countries in the Balkans and around the Mediterranean Sea. One finds Sage everywhere in Southern Europe, to a height of 800 meters and in the gardens of the Provence it is often seen. Sage is now cultivated everywhere, and is rare in the wild. Sage is a robust half bush that becomes 30 to 100 centimetres in height.", "The noun SAGE has 3 senses: 1. a mentor in spiritual and philosophical topics who is renowned for profound wisdom. 2. aromatic fresh or dried grey-green leaves used widely as seasoning for meats and fowl and game etc. 3. any of various plants of the genus Salvia; a cosmopolitan herb. Classified under: Nouns denoting foods and drinks. Hypernyms (sage is a kind of...): herb (aromatic potherb used in cookery for its savory qualities). Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of sage): clary sage (fresh leaves used in omelets and fritters and with lamb).", "A smudge stick is a bundle of dried herbs, usually bound with string into a small bundle. The herbs are later burned as part of a ritual or ceremony. Plants that are often used include sage and cedar. The American English term smudge stick is usually found in use among non-Indigenous people who believe they are imitating North American Native ceremonies." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvia_officinalis", "http://www.almanac.com/plant/sage", "http://www.almanac.com/plant/sage", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_did_sage_come_from", "http://www.spiceadvice.com/encyclopedia/Sage.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvia_officinalis", "http://www.almanac.com/plant/sage", "http://natuurlijkerwijs.com/english/Sage.htm", "http://www.audioenglish.org/dictionary/sage.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smudge_stick" ] }

[ "Sage originates from the countries in the Balkans and around the Mediterranean Sea. One finds Sage everywhere in Southern Europe, to a height of 800 meters and in the gardens of the Provence it is often seen. Sage is now cultivated everywhere, and is rare in the wild. Sage is a robust half bush that becomes 30 to 100 centimetres in height." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "You need a bunch to make the Queen's Armor ! This Random Dungeon Spawner magically creates any dungeon in OreSpawn! Craft it and then put it down on a piece of stone or cobblestone and get ready for battle! The Red Ant Robot Kit is what you get after you tame a Red Ant Robot with a wrench. Critter Cages only work about 80% of the time. You may have to throw more than one. And yes, they catch almost all types of critters, including dragons! Handy against creepers. Warning though... they work better on some critter than others! Just throw one at an entity/mob to catch it.", "Right-clicking on a vanilla mob spawner with a Soul Shard in your hand will destroy the spawner and add 200 souls to the shard. Note that the shard must already have at least one of the mob's soul inside for you to be able to right click a spawner. Note: Attempting to destroy a creeper spawner in the Twilight Forest will destroy the spawner and collect 200 souls. Here are some videos (if you like videos better than text) for Minecraft 1.4.7. Post 1.5 - In order to craft a Soul Shard you need to place one glowstone block, surround that by four netherack, then surround those with 8 endstone. Once this structure is built, right click the glowstone block while holding a diamond to turn it into a Soul Shard.", "Materials: 8 sticks and 1 string. Just face the direction you want to go and right-click the block at your feet. To continue a set of stairs, or change direction, stand on the last block facing the direction you want to go (the next block MUST be air). Right click the block you are standing on. Critter Cages only work about 80% of the time. You may have to throw more than one. And yes, they catch almost all types of critters, including dragons! Handy against creepers. Warning though... they work better on some critter than others! Just throw one at an entity/mob to catch it.", "The nightmare is a large, black, wyvern-like creature with a large column of teeth and large horizontal wings. It drops the Nightmare scale which is one of the ingredients to craft the Big Bertha. It also drops rotten flesh and the zookeeper shard. Combat Edit. The Nightmare is a difficult boss as it can vary in sizes and damage. It is stronger than most bosses but weaker than Mobzilla, and the Nightmare is the only mob to actually hurt mobzilla. The minimum and maximum damage it does is 20 - 160, 9 - 30 for defense, and 75 - 1000 health. It is recommended to have the full ultimate set as the Nightmare deals a lot of damage. It drops Zookeeper shard('s), feather('s), item frame('s), raw beef, rotten flesh and nightmare scale(s)", "The zookeeper shard is an item that allows you to prevent mobs from despawning. Perfect for creating your own Zoo! ", "They come in all sizes. Now you can concentrate on catching the critters instead. Catch a critter with a Critter Cage, spawn a Zoo Cage, spawn the critter, hit it with a Zookeeper, and it stays forever as your pet! To create the different sizes, start at the smallest and just keep adding to it to create one size bigger. Critter Cages only work about 80% of the time. You may have to throw more than one. And yes, they catch almost all types of critters, including dragons! Handy against creepers. Warning though... they work better on some critter than others! Just throw one at an entity/mob to catch it.", "Soul Shards. 2,549 pages on this wiki. The Soul Shards mod is part of FTB's Magic World, Direwolf20, Yogcraft, Ultimate, [1] Modsauce, Mindcrack and Unleashed mod packs. It allows you to create a Soul Shard that absorbs the souls of monsters you kill to be inserted into a Soul Cage later. Post 1.5 - In order to craft a Soul Shard you need to place one glowstone block, surround that by four netherack, then surround those with 8 endstone. Once this structure is built, right click the glowstone block while holding a diamond to turn it into a Soul Shard.", "While using Solr’s zookeeper instance may be good for testing, however, there may be instances where you want to synchronize multiple Solr instances as well as plug-ins, add-ons or processes from other applications, as well as server processes. ", "Now that you created the configuration file, you can start ZooKeeper: ZooKeeper logs messages using log4j -- more detail available in the Logging section of the Programmer's Guide. You will see log messages coming to the console (default) and/or a log file depending on the log4j configuration. The steps outlined here run ZooKeeper in standalone mode. The new entry, initLimit is timeouts ZooKeeper uses to limit the length of time the ZooKeeper servers in quorum have to connect to a leader. The entry syncLimit limits how far out of date a server can be from a leader. With both of these timeouts, you specify the unit of time using tickTime." ], "url": [ "http://www.orespawn.com/items.html", "http://feed-the-beast.wikia.com/wiki/Soul_Shards", "http://www.orespawn.com/items.html", "http://orespawnmod.wikia.com/wiki/Nightmare", "http://orespawnmod.wikia.com/wiki/Zookeeper_shard", "http://www.orespawn.com/items.html", "http://feed-the-beast.wikia.com/wiki/Soul_Shards", "https://msopentech.com/blog/2013/06/12/using-apache-zookeeper-on-windows-azure-linux-virtual-machines-to-manage-solr/", "http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/r3.1.2/zookeeperStarted.html" ] }

[ "They come in all sizes. Now you can concentrate on catching the critters instead. Catch a critter with a Critter Cage, spawn a Zoo Cage, spawn the critter, hit it with a Zookeeper, and it stays forever as your pet! To create the different sizes, start at the smallest and just keep adding to it to create one size bigger. Critter Cages only work about 80% of the time. You may have to throw more than one. And yes, they catch almost all types of critters, including dragons! Handy against creepers. Warning though... they work better on some critter than others! Just throw one at an entity/mob to catch it." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Report Abuse. Beta-blockers block the effects of adrenaline on your body's beta receptors. This slows the nerve impulses that travel through the heart. As a result, your heart does not have to work as hard because it needs less blood and oxygen. Beta-blockers also block the impulses that can cause an arrhythmia. ", "A beta-blocker is a medicine that is often used to treat high blood pressure and heart problems. Some examples of beta-blockers are atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol. This kind of medicine blocks the harmful effects of stress hormones on your heart. It also slows your heart rate. ", "Font Size. A. A. A. Beta-blockers are drugs used to treat high blood pressure. They block the effects of the sympathetic nervous system on the heart. This reduces the work of the heart so that it requires less blood and oxygen. As a result, the heart doesn't have to work as hard, which in turn lowers blood pressure. ", "Beta blockers, also known as beta-adrenergic blocking agents, are drugs that block norepinephrine and epinephrine (adrenaline) from binding to beta receptors on nerves. ", "Uses. Beta blockers are widely known as beta-adrenergic blocking agents, these block adrenaline from binding to the beta receptors on the nerves. Beta blockers are used primarily in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmia and high blood pressure. Beta Receptors. To best explain what a beta blocker does, you need to understand a little bit about the nervous system and what beta receptors are. A beta receptor is a protein molecule that processes specific messages carried by the central nervous system and various hormones. There are a variety of different types of beta receptors", "Beta blockers, also known as beta-adrenergic blocking agents, are medications that reduce your blood pressure. Beta blockers work by blocking the effects of the hormone epinephrine, also known as adrenaline. When you take beta blockers, the heart beats more slowly and with less force, thereby reducing blood pressure.", "Introduction. Beta-blockers, also known as beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents, are medications used to treat conditions such as angina, heart failure and high blood pressure. They decrease the activity of the heart by blocking the action of hormones like adrenaline. Beta-blockers, also known as beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents, are medications used to treat conditions such as angina, heart failure and high blood pressure", "Beta blockers, also known as beta-adrenergic blocking agents, are a class of drugs that works by blocking the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine from binding to receptors. There are three known types of beta receptors, known as beta 1 (β 1), beta 2 (β 2) and beta 3 (β 3). " ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080410065059AAeqxRo", "http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/drugs-procedures-devices/prescription-medicines/beta-blockers-for-heart-problems.html", "http://www.webmd.com/hypertension-high-blood-pressure/guide/hypertension-treatment-beta-blockers", "http://www.medicinenet.com/beta_blockers/article.htm", "http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5499457_do-beta-blockers-do.html", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/in-depth/beta-blockers/art-20044522", "http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Beta-blockers/Pages/Introduction.aspx", "http://www.rxlist.com/beta_blockers/drugs-condition.htm" ] }

[ "Beta blockers, also known as beta-adrenergic blocking agents, are medications that reduce your blood pressure. Beta blockers work by blocking the effects of the hormone epinephrine, also known as adrenaline. When you take beta blockers, the heart beats more slowly and with less force, thereby reducing blood pressure." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The process of quenching and tempering carbon steel tubulars is not unlike that which is applied to other carbon steel shapes: the part is heated to about 1,600 degrees Fahrenheit, cooled rapidly, and reheated to a temperature less than about 1,300 degrees F. ", "Coke being pushed into a quenching car, Hanna furnaces of the Great Lakes Steel Corporation, Detroit, Michigan, November 1942. In materials science, quenching, a type of heat treating, is the rapid cooling of a workpiece to obtain certain material properties. Quench metals is a progression; the first step is heating, i.e. heating it to the required temperature. Second step is soaking. Soaking can be done by air (air furnace), or a bath or in a vacuum. The soaking time in air furnaces should be 1 to 2 minutes for each millimeter of cross-section.", "The work hardened metal is heated to a temperature which is about half its melting point. The grains within the structure re-crystallise into many fine grains. The temperature at which the new grains begin to grow is called the re-crystallisation temperature. In the new structure dislocations can move more easily. The metal therefore becomes softer and more malleable and ductile. When a metal is being shaped by cold working, it may be necessary to anneal it several times during the process. In these circumstances, annealing takes place while the metal is worked rather than being a separate process. The metal can therefore be worked without it becoming work hardened. Hot working is usually carried out with the metal at a temperature of about 0.6 o", "Quenching results in a metal that is very hard but also brittle. Gently heating a hardened metal and allowing it to cool slowly will produce a metal that is still hard but also less brittle. This process is known as tempering. (See Processing Metals Activity). It has long been known that the properties of some metals could be changed by heat treating. Grains in metals tend to grow larger as the metal is heated. A grain can grow larger by atoms migrating from another grain that may eventually disappear.", "Steel is essentially an alloy of iron and carbon; other steel alloys have other metal elements in solution. Heating the material above the critical temperature causes carbon and the other elements to go into solid solution. Quenching freezes the microstructure, inducing stresses. Metal Tempering. Tempering is done to develop the required combination of hardness, strength and toughness or to relieve the brittleness of fully hardened steels. Steels are never used in the as quenched condition. The combination of quenching and tempering is important to make tough parts.", "(click on thumbnail to enlarge). Metal Hardening / Metal Quenching / Metal Tempering. Three large bearing sets being removed from Metlab 180 diameter by 156 high carburizing furnace from the hardening temperature (1550°F) for subsequent quenching into agitated, hot oil. Metal Tempering. Tempering is done to develop the required combination of hardness, strength and toughness or to relieve the brittleness of fully hardened steels. Steels are never used in the as quenched condition. The combination of quenching and tempering is important to make tough parts.", "Hardness is a function of the Carbon content of the steel. Hardening of a steel requires a change in structure from the body-centered cubic structure found at room temperature to the face-centered cubic structure found in the Austenitic region. The steel is heated to Autenitic region. ", "Quench C hardening is a mechanical process in which steel and cast iron alloys are strengthened and hardened. These metals consist of ferrous metals and alloys. This is done by heating the material to a certain temperature, depending on the material. Quench metals is a progression; the first step is heating, i.e. heating it to the required temperature. Second step is soaking. Soaking can be done by air (air furnace), or a bath or in a vacuum. The soaking time in air furnaces should be 1 to 2 minutes for each millimeter of cross-section.", "If the same steel is quenched rather than being cooled slowly, the carbon atoms do not have time to form cementite. They are trapped within a frozen austenite structure in an arrangement called martensite. Movement of dislocations is very difficult in this structure so the metal becomes very hard and brittle. In these circumstances, annealing takes place while the metal is worked rather than being a separate process. The metal can therefore be worked without it becoming work hardened. Hot working is usually carried out with the metal at a temperature of about 0.6 of its melting point.", "How to Harden Steel. Steel is an alloy of iron used in construction, the manufacture of metal tools and other applications. In uses exposing it to a lot of wear and tear, the steel must be hardened and then tempered so it stands up to the level of usage it's intended for. Without other metals alloyed with it, steel to be hardened needs to have a carbon content of about 1.0 percent. This kind of steel is called high-carbon steel or tool steel." ], "url": [ "http://www.thefabricator.com/article/tubepipefabrication/quenching-and-tempering-of-welded-carbon-steel-tubulars", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quenching", "http://resources.schoolscience.co.uk/Corus/16plus/steelch2pg3.html", "http://depts.washington.edu/matseed/mse_resources/Webpage/Metals/metalprocessing.htm", "http://www.metlabheattreat.com/metal-hardening-metal-quenching-metal-tempering.html", "http://www.metlabheattreat.com/metal-hardening-metal-quenching-metal-tempering.html", "http://www.efunda.com/processes/heat_treat/hardening/direct.cfm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quenching", "http://resources.schoolscience.co.uk/Corus/16plus/steelch2pg3.html", "http://www.wikihow.com/Harden-Steel" ] }

[ "Quench C hardening is a mechanical process in which steel and cast iron alloys are strengthened and hardened. These metals consist of ferrous metals and alloys. This is done by heating the material to a certain temperature, depending on the material. Quench metals is a progression; the first step is heating, i.e. heating it to the required temperature. Second step is soaking. Soaking can be done by air (air furnace), or a bath or in a vacuum. The soaking time in air furnaces should be 1 to 2 minutes for each millimeter of cross-section." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "To be eligible to contribute to a Roth IRA, your adult child has to have compensation for the year. Compensation doesn't include gifts from you -- only things like wages, salaries, self-employment income and alimony.", "A Roth IRA for a child with earned income can be very attractive. There's no minimum age to set up a Roth IRA, and many IRA providers will accept accounts for minors. In most cases, the only issue is whether the child has taxable compensation.", "Contribution Limits. The maximum Roth IRA contribution equals the smaller of the annual limit or the adult child's compensation. For 2012, your adult child can't contribute more than $5,000 for the year. In 2013, the limit goes up to $6,000. Suppose your child has $4,000 in compensation. Even if you give him $5,000, he can't put more than $4,000 in his Roth IRA", "A child, or anyone for that matter, can only contribute to a Roth IRA an amount equal to what they earn for the year. So, if your child earns only $3,000 mowing the grass this summer, he or she can only invest up to $3,000 in a Roth IRA despite the full contribution limit being $5,000 for someone under the age of 50.", "The maximum Roth IRA contribution equals the smaller of the annual limit or the adult child's compensation. For 2012, your adult child can't contribute more than $5,000 for the year. In 2013, the limit goes up to $6,000. Suppose your child has $4,000 in compensation. Even if you give him $5,000, he can't put more than $4,000 in his Roth IRA", "Yes, your daughter has until April 15 to contribute to a Roth IRA for 2007. But she can contribute only the amount of her earnings -- in this case, $1,500. If she has already spent the money, or if she's saving it for college or some other goal, you can come up with the cash to fund the account.", "Contribution Limits. Money given by a parent to a child to contribute to an IRA counts toward the annual contribution limit. For example, assume the contribution limit for your child is $5,000. If your child has already contributed $4,000 to her IRA, she can only add another $1,000 from her parents' gift.", "Parent Must Give Money. Parents can't put money directly into their child's IRA like they can with a child's savings account. Money that parents give to their child is potentially subject to gift taxes. As of 2012, you can give up to $13,000 to a person, including your child, tax-free." ], "url": [ "http://finance.zacks.com/can-parent-adult-child-roth-ira-5552.html", "http://www.waterworthwa.com/Blog.aspx?acId=61559", "http://finance.zacks.com/can-parent-adult-child-roth-ira-5552.html", "http://www.rothira.com/blog/why-give-your-children-a-roth-ira", "http://finance.zacks.com/can-parent-adult-child-roth-ira-5552.html", "http://www.kiplinger.com/article/saving/T046-C002-S001-can-your-child-open-a-roth-ira.html", "http://budgeting.thenest.com/can-parent-contribute-childs-ira-25445.html", "http://budgeting.thenest.com/can-parent-contribute-childs-ira-25445.html" ] }

[ "Parent Must Give Money. Parents can't put money directly into their child's IRA like they can with a child's savings account. Money that parents give to their child is potentially subject to gift taxes. As of 2012, you can give up to $13,000 to a person, including your child, tax-free." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In 2012, the San Francisco area paid animal caretakers the highest average wage at $16.12 per hour, followed by Ocean City, N.J., where caretakers earned an average of $14.59 per hour. Related Reading: The Hourly Salary of a Business Manager. The BLS predicts that animal care and service worker jobs will increase by 15 percent from 2012 to 2022, a faster rate than for other professions. Specifically, the country's 41,600 animal training jobs in 2012 are expected to grow by 15 percent to 47,700 by 2022.", "For more accurate salary details please enter your location above. The average yearly salary for Zookeeper in Oregon is $31,196. If you are just beginning to work a new job as a Zookeeper in Oregon, you could earn a starting pay rate of $25,691 annually. As is true for most jobs and careers, you can expect your hourly pay rate or salary to increase as you gain experience and the longer you are employed with the same employer. In Oregon you could potentially make an average income of around $36,701 after several years on the job with increased wages.", "For example the median expected hourly pay for a typical Bookkeeper in the United States is $18 an hour, so 50% of the people who perform the job of Bookkeeper in the United States are expected to make less than $18 an hour. Source: HR Reported data as of October 2015. Median $18. The hourly wages for someone with the job title Bookkeeper may vary depending on a number of factors including industry, company size, location, years of experience and level of education.", "The average yearly salary for Zookeeper in Oregon is $31,196. As is true for most jobs and careers, you can expect your hourly pay rate or salary to increase as you gain experience and the longer you are employed with the same employer. In Oregon you could potentially make an average income of around $36,701 after several years on the job with increased wages.", "Oregon voted to adjust wages each year for inflation in 2002. Ten other states do the same. This year, the federal consumer price index increased 1.7 percent between August 2013 and August 2014. Oregon's hourly minimum wage, then, will climb by the same amount. The extra spending could generate more sales and infuse an estimated $25 million into Oregon's economy. Washington has not yet announced its minimum wage for 2015, although it is expected to do so soon. Employers there currently have to pay at least $9.32 hourly.", "The average rate for a Zookeeper is $11.89 per hour. Most people with this job move on to other positions after 20 years in this field. Experience has a moderate effect on salary for this job. ", "$39.17. (2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a year-round, full-time hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data. ", "Top Hourly Zookeeper Salary in Oregon. Some professions tend to be geared toward various age groups of workers and certain genders more than others. The average Zookeeper age in Oregon is 40 years old. As it pertains to men vs women, 50% of Zookeeper are male in Oregon, and 50% of the Zookeeper are female in Oregon. As is true for most jobs and careers, you can expect your hourly pay rate or salary to increase as you gain experience and the longer you are employed with the same employer. In Oregon you could potentially make an average income of around $36,701 after several years on the job with increased wages.", "Oregon Zookeeper Salary Information. The average yearly salary for Zookeeper in Oregon is $31,196. If you are just beginning to work a new job as a Zookeeper in Oregon, you could earn a starting pay rate of $25,691 annually. As is true for most jobs and careers, you can expect your hourly pay rate or salary to increase as you gain experience and the longer you are employed with the same employer. In Oregon you could potentially make an average income of around $36,701 after several years on the job with increased wages." ], "url": [ "http://work.chron.com/hourly-salary-zookeepers-29006.html", "http://salarygenius.com/or/1/salary/zookeeper-salary", "http://www1.salary.com/Bookkeeper-hourly-wages.html", "http://salarygenius.com/or/1/salary/zookeeper-salary", "http://www.oregonlive.com/money/index.ssf/2014/09/oregon_minimum_wage_will_incre.html", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Zookeeper/Hourly_Rate", "http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_or.htm", "http://salarygenius.com/or/1/salary/zookeeper-salary", "http://salarygenius.com/or/1/salary/zookeeper-salary" ] }

[ "The average rate for a Zookeeper is $11.89 per hour. Most people with this job move on to other positions after 20 years in this field. Experience has a moderate effect on salary for this job. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The portion of the infrared region most useful for analysis of organic compounds is not immediately adjacent to the visible spectrum, but is that having a wavelength range from 2,500 to 16,000 nm, with a corresponding frequency range from 1.9*10 13 to 1.2*10 14 Hz. The complexity of this spectrum is typical of most infrared spectra, and illustrates their use in identifying substances. The gap in the spectrum between 700 & 800 cm -1 is due to solvent (CCl 4) absorption.", "An invaluable tool in organic structure determination and verification involves the class of electromagnetic (EM) radiation with frequencies between 4000 and 400 cm -1 (wavenumbers). The category of EM radiation is termed infrared (IR) radiation, and its application to organic chemistry known as IR spectroscopy. Thus IR spectroscopy involves collecting absorption information and analyzing it in the form of a spectrum -- The frequencies at which there are absorptions of IR radiation (peaks or signals) can be correlated directly to bonds within the compound in question.", "Spectroscopy and spectrography are terms used to refer to the measurement of radiation intensity as a function of wavelength and are often used to describe experimental spectroscopic methods. Spectral measurement devices are referred to as spectrometers, spectrophotometers, spectrographs or spectral analyzers. 1 Techniques that employ electromagnetic radiation are typically classified by the wavelength region of the spectrum and include microwave, terahertz, infrared, near infrared, visible and ultraviolet, x-ray and gamma spectroscopy.", "1 Infrared spectroscopy. Infrared spectroscopy Infrared spectroscopy is the measurement of the wavelength and intensity of the absorption of mid-infrared light by a sample.", "1. Introduction. As noted in a previous chapter, the light our eyes see is but a small part of a broad spectrum of electromagnetic radiation. On the immediate high energy side of the visible spectrum lies the ultraviolet, and on the low energy side is the infrared. The complexity of this spectrum is typical of most infrared spectra, and illustrates their use in identifying substances. The gap in the spectrum between 700 & 800 cm -1 is due to solvent (CCl 4) absorption.", "A basic IR spectrum is essentially a graph of infrared light absorbance (or transmittance) on the vertical axis vs. frequency or wavelength on the horizontal axis. Typical units of frequency used in IR spectra are reciprocal centimeters (sometimes called wave numbers), with the symbol cm −1. Infrared spectroscopy exploits the fact that molecules absorb specific frequencies that are characteristic of their structure. These absorptions are resonant frequencies, i.e. the frequency of the absorbed radiation matches the transition energy of the bond or group that vibrates.", "For a table of IR spectroscopy data, see infrared spectroscopy correlation table. Infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy) is the spectroscopy that deals with the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, that is light with a longer wavelength and lower frequency than visible light. It covers a range of techniques, mostly based on absorption spectroscopy. Infrared spectroscopy exploits the fact that molecules absorb specific frequencies that are characteristic of their structure. These absorptions are resonant frequencies, i.e. the frequency of the absorbed radiation matches the transition energy of the bond or group that vibrates.", "Analysis of white light by dispersing it with a prism is an example of spectroscopy. Spectroscopy /spɛkˈtrɒskəpi/ is the study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation. Historically, spectroscopy originated through the study of visible light dispersed according to its wavelength, by a prism. 1 Techniques that employ electromagnetic radiation are typically classified by the wavelength region of the spectrum and include microwave, terahertz, infrared, near infrared, visible and ultraviolet, x-ray and gamma", "infrared spectroscopy, IR radiation is passed through a sample. Some of the infrared radiation is. absorbed by the sample and. some of it is passed through. (transmitted). The resulting. spectrum represents the molecular. absorption and transmission, creating a molecular fingerprint. of the sample. Ininfrared spectroscopy, IR radiation is passed through a sample. Some of the infrared radiation isabsorbed by the sample andsome of it is passed through(transmitted). The resultingspectrum represents the molecularabsorption and transmission,creating a molecular fingerprintof the sample." ], "url": [ "https://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/VirtTxtJml/Spectrpy/InfraRed/infrared.htm", "http://www.chem.ucla.edu/~webspectra/irintro.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectroscopy", "http://hiq.linde-gas.com/en/analytical_methods/infrared_spectroscopy/infrared_spectroscopy.html", "https://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/VirtTxtJml/Spectrpy/InfraRed/infrared.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IR_spectroscopy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IR_spectroscopy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectroscopy", "http://mmrc.caltech.edu/FTIR/FTIRintro.pdf" ] }

[ "For a table of IR spectroscopy data, see infrared spectroscopy correlation table. Infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy) is the spectroscopy that deals with the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, that is light with a longer wavelength and lower frequency than visible light. It covers a range of techniques, mostly based on absorption spectroscopy. Infrared spectroscopy exploits the fact that molecules absorb specific frequencies that are characteristic of their structure. These absorptions are resonant frequencies, i.e. the frequency of the absorbed radiation matches the transition energy of the bond or group that vibrates." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 In 1869, the Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev discovered a set of patterns in the properties of the elements. 2 He noticed that a pattern of properties appeared when he arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass. 1 In the periodic table, the properties of the elements repeat in each period, or row, of the table. 2 Mendeleev left three blank spaces in the table. 3 He predicted that these spaces would be filled by elements that had not yet been discovered.", "However, Mendeleev arranged the elements in his periodic table in … order of increasing atomic mass. Mendeleev arranged the elements in the increasing order of atomic masses and repeating periodic properties. They were arranged by the element's atomic mass. (lowest to highest) He arranged the elements in the increasing order of their atomic masses and repeating periodic properties. Dmitri Mendeleev discovered scandium, gallium, technetium, and germanium. He also predicted the existence of more elements and developed the modern periodic table.", "He was also able to work out the atomic mass of the missing elements, and so predict their properties. And when they were discovered, Mendeleev turned out to be right. For example, he predicted the properties of an undiscovered element that should fit below aluminium in his table. When this element, called gallium, was discovered in 1875, its properties were found to be close to Mendeleev's predictions. ", "1 He noticed that a pattern of properties appeared when he arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass. 2 The atomic mass of an element is the average mass of all the isotopes of that element. 3 Mendeleev published the first periodic table. 1 In the periodic table, the properties of the elements repeat in each period, or row, of the table. 2 Mendeleev left three blank spaces in the table. 3 He predicted that these spaces would be filled by elements that had not yet been discovered.", "He was also able to work out the atomic mass of the missing elements, and so predict their properties. And when they were discovered, Mendeleev turned out to be right. For example, he predicted the properties of an undiscovered element that should fit below aluminium in his table. When this element, called gallium, was discovered in 1875, its properties were found to be close to Mendeleev's predictions. ", "Well usually elements in a periodic table are arranged into groups based on a set of repeating properties. However, Mendeleev arranged the elements in his periodic table in … order of increasing atomic mass. Mendeleev arranged the elements in the increasing order of atomic masses and repeating periodic properties. They were arranged by the element's atomic mass. (lowest to highest) He arranged the elements in the increasing order of their atomic masses and repeating periodic properties. + 31 others found this useful. Dmitri Mendeleev discovered scandium, gallium, technetium, and germanium. He also predicted the existence of more elements and developed the modern periodic table.", "Protons & Atomic Number. 1 In 1869, the Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev discovered a set of patterns in the properties of the elements. 2 He noticed that a pattern of properties appeared when he arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass. 1 In the periodic table, the properties of the elements repeat in each period, or row, of the table. 2 Mendeleev left three blank spaces in the table. 3 He predicted that these spaces would be filled by elements that had not yet been discovered.", "A Pattern of properties appeared when he arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass. Dmitri Mendeleev discovered scandium, gallium, technetium, and germanium. He also predicted the existence of more elements and developed the modern periodic table.", "Best Answer: If you arrange the periodic table in order of increasing atomic mass, then you would have a pattern and all elements that don't have similar properties. He invented the first periodic table. *** In the late 1860's, Mendeleev began working on his great achievement: the periodic table of the elements. If the elements are arranged in the increasing order of their Atomic weight (Atomic Mass was introduced later),the 8 th element 9as in octad note in Musuic) will have similar properties as the 1st element. ssrvj · 8 years ago.", "Octad Periodicity. If the elements are arranged in the increasing order of their Atomic weight (Atomic Mass was introduced later),the 8 th element 9as in octad note in Musuic) will have similar properties as the 1st element. ssrvj · 8 years ago." ], "url": [ "http://acamrmicheal.weebly.com/periodic-table---mendeleev-discovery.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_pattern_did_mendeleev_discover_when_he_arranged_the_elements", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_edexcel/atomic_structure/periodictablerev1.shtml", "http://acamrmicheal.weebly.com/periodic-table---mendeleev-discovery.html", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/edexcel_pre_2011/patterns/periodictablerev4.shtml", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_pattern_did_mendeleev_discover_when_he_arranged_the_elements", "http://acamrmicheal.weebly.com/periodic-table---mendeleev-discovery.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_pattern_did_mendeleev_discover_when_he_arranged_the_elements", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080420141707AA5Hbqz", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080420141707AA5Hbqz" ] }

[ "Protons & Atomic Number. 1 In 1869, the Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev discovered a set of patterns in the properties of the elements. 2 He noticed that a pattern of properties appeared when he arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass. 1 In the periodic table, the properties of the elements repeat in each period, or row, of the table. 2 Mendeleev left three blank spaces in the table. 3 He predicted that these spaces would be filled by elements that had not yet been discovered." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Renal calculi: Kidney stones. A common cause of blood in the urine and pain in the abdomen, flank, or groin. Occurs in 1 in 20 people at some time in their life. Development of the stones is related to decreased urine volume or increased excretion of stone-forming components such as calcium, oxalate, urate, cystine, xanthine, and phosphate.", "Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones). A stone that develops from crystals that form in urine and build up on the inner surfaces of the kidney, in the renal pelvis, or in the ureters. Kidney stones include calcium oxalate stones, cystine stones, struvite stones, and uric acid stones. They can be as small as a grain of sand or as large as a golf ball, although stones that big are rare. If a kidney stone is small enough, it can move or pass through your urinary tract and out of your body on its own. If the stone is too large, however, it could get stuck in your kidney or ureter.", "Kidney stones. Kidney stones (renal lithiasis, nephrolithiasis) are small, hard mineral deposits that form inside your kidneys. The stones are made of mineral and acid salts. Kidney stones have many causes and can affect any part of your urinary tract — from your kidneys to your bladder. Often, stones form when the urine becomes concentrated, allowing minerals to crystallize and stick together. Passing kidney stones can be quite painful, but the stones usually cause no permanent damage.", "Calcium stones are the most common. They can be made of calcium oxalate (most common), phosphate, or maleate. Eating fewer oxalate-rich foods can reduce your risk of developing this type of stone. High-oxalate foods include potato chips, peanuts, chocolate, beets, and spinach. Recognizing the Symptoms and Signs of a Kidney Stone. Kidney stones are known to cause severe pain. Symptoms of kidney stones may not occur until the stone begins to move down the ureters. This severe pain is called renal colic. You may have pain on one side of your back or abdomen.", "uric acid calculus a hard, yellow or reddish-yellow urinary calculus formed from uric acid. urinary calculus a calculus in any part of the urinary tract; it is vesical when lodged in the bladder and renal (see kidney stone) when in the renal pelvis. Common types named for their primary components are oxalate calculi, phosphate calculi, and uric acid calculi. ", "1 Calculi in the urinary system are called urinary calculi and include kidney stones (also called renal calculi or nephroliths) and bladder stones (also called vesical calculi or cystoliths). 2 They can have any of several compositions, including mixed. 3 Principal compositions include oxalate and urate. Types of lithiasis [edit]. 1 ", "A kidney stone, also known as a renal calculus or nephrolith, is a solid piece of material which is formed in the kidneys from minerals in urine. Kidney stones typically leave the body in the urine stream, and a small stone may pass without causing symptoms. Other associated symptoms include: nausea, vomiting, fever, blood in the urine, pus in the urine, and painful urination. Blockage of the ureter can cause decreased kidney function and dilation of the kidney. Most stones form due to a combination of genetics and environmental factors.", "Kidney stones (renal lithiasis, nephrolithiasis) are small, hard mineral deposits that form inside your kidneys. The stones are made of mineral and acid salts. Kidney stones have many causes and can affect any part of your urinary tract — from your kidneys to your bladder. Often, stones form when the urine becomes concentrated, allowing minerals to crystallize and stick together. Passing kidney stones can be quite painful, but the stones usually cause no permanent damage.", "Kidney stones, or renal calculi, are solid masses made of crystals. Kidney stones usually originate in your kidneys, but can develop anywhere along your urinary tract. The urinary tract includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Kidney stones are known to be one of the most painful medical conditions. Recognizing the Symptoms and Signs of a Kidney Stone. Kidney stones are known to cause severe pain. Symptoms of kidney stones may not occur until the stone begins to move down the ureters. This severe pain is called renal colic. You may have pain on one side of your back or abdomen.", "Nephrolithiasis specifically refers to calculi in the kidneys, but renal calculi and ureteral calculi (ureterolithiasis) are often discussed in conjunction. The majority of renal calculi contain calcium. Nephrolithiasis specifically refers to calculi in the kidneys, but this article discusses both renal calculi (see the first image below) and ureteral calculi (ureterolithiasis; see the second image below)." ], "url": [ "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6712", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001493/", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-stones/basics/definition/CON-20024829", "http://www.healthline.com/health/kidney-stones", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/renal+calculus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus_(medicine)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_stone", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-stones/basics/definition/CON-20024829", "http://www.healthline.com/health/kidney-stones", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/437096-overview" ] }

[ "Kidney stones, or renal calculi, are solid masses made of crystals. Kidney stones usually originate in your kidneys, but can develop anywhere along your urinary tract. The urinary tract includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Kidney stones are known to be one of the most painful medical conditions. Recognizing the Symptoms and Signs of a Kidney Stone. Kidney stones are known to cause severe pain. Symptoms of kidney stones may not occur until the stone begins to move down the ureters. This severe pain is called renal colic. You may have pain on one side of your back or abdomen." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 The Dorsalis Pedis (DP) Artery: Located just lateral to the extensor tendon of the big toe, which can be identified by asking the patient to flex their toe while you provide resistance to this movement. 2 Gently place the tips of your 2nd, 3rd and 4th fingers adjacent to the tendon and try to feel the pulse. ", "dorsalis pedis pulse, the pulse of the dorsalis pedis artery, palpable at the prominent arch of the top of the foot between the first and second metatarsal bones. It can be felt in approximately 90% of people. Other sites for pulse measurement include the side of the neck (carotid artery), the antecubital fossa (brachial artery), the temple (temporal artery), the anterior side of the hip bone (femoral artery), the back of the knee (popliteal artery), and the instep (dorsalis pedis artery).", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. In human anatomy, the dorsalis pedis artery (dorsal artery of foot), is a blood vessel of the lower limb that carries oxygenated blood to the dorsal surface of the foot. It arises at the anterior aspect of the ankle joint and is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery. It terminates at the proximal part of the first intermetatarsal space, where it divides into two branches, the first dorsal metatarsal artery and the deep plantar artery.", "Normally, the dorsalis pedis pulse can be felt by the fingers, but in some conditions, such as shock and low blood pressure, and in some normal circumstances, an instrument called a doppler may be needed to find the dorsalis pedis pulse and amplify it so it can be heard. Dorsalis Pedis Pulse. Dorsalis Pedis Pulse: The dorsalis pedis pulse is one of the palpable pulses, tangible heartbeats that can be felt in various arterial sites throughout the body. The dorsalis pedis pulse can be felt on the top of the foot on the dorsalis pedis artery", "Dorsalis Pedis: To palpate pulse, place fingers just lateral to the extensor tendon of the great toe. If you cannot feel a pulse, move fingers more laterally. Posterior Tibial: To palpate pulse, place fingers behind and slightly below the medial malleolus of the ankle. In an obese or edematous ankle, the pulse may be more difficult to feel. Note: To enhance technique: Assume a comfortable position for you and the client.", "Location and Palpation of Pedal Pulses. Dorsalis Pedis: To palpate pulse, place fingers just lateral to the extensor tendon of the great toe. If you cannot feel a pulse, move fingers more laterally. Posterior Tibial: To palpate pulse, place fingers behind and slightly below the medial malleolus of the ankle. In an obese or edematous ankle, the pulse may be more difficult to feel. Note: To enhance technique: Assume a comfortable position for you and the client.", "The dorsalis pedis artery pulse can be palpated readily lateral to the extensor hallucis longus tendon (or medially to the extensor digitorum longus tendon) on the dorsal surface of the foot, distal to the dorsal most prominence of the navicular bone which serves as a reliable landmark for palpation. It arises at the anterior aspect of the ankle joint and is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery. It terminates at the proximal part of the first intermetatarsal space, where it divides into two branches, the first dorsal metatarsal artery and the deep plantar artery.", "dorsalis pedis pulse the pulse felt on the top of the foot, between the first and second metatarsal bones. In 8 to 10 per cent of the population this pulse cannot be detected. entoptic pulse a subjective sensation of seeing a flash of light in the dark with each heart beat. Other sites for pulse measurement include the side of the neck (carotid artery), the antecubital fossa (brachial artery), the temple (temporal artery), the anterior side of the hip bone (femoral artery), the back of the knee (popliteal artery), and the instep (dorsalis pedis artery)." ], "url": [ "http://meded.ucsd.edu/clinicalmed/extremities.htm", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dorsalis+pedis+pulse", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsalis_pedis_artery", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/organ/dorsalis_pedis_pulse.htm", "http://pda.rnao.ca/content/location-and-palpation-pedal-pulses", "http://pda.rnao.ca/content/location-and-palpation-pedal-pulses", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsalis_pedis_artery", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dorsalis+pedis+pulse" ] }

[ "The dorsalis pedis artery pulse can be palpated readily lateral to the extensor hallucis longus tendon (or medially to the extensor digitorum longus tendon) on the dorsal surface of the foot, distal to the dorsal most prominence of the navicular bone which serves as a reliable landmark for palpation. It arises at the anterior aspect of the ankle joint and is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery. It terminates at the proximal part of the first intermetatarsal space, where it divides into two branches, the first dorsal metatarsal artery and the deep plantar artery." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Lava flow during a rift eruption at Krafla, Iceland in 1984. Lava is the molten rock expelled by a volcano during an eruption and the resulting rock after solidification and cooling. This molten rock is formed in the interior of some planets, including Earth, and some of their satellites. The source of the heat that melts the rock within the earth is geothermal energy. When first erupted from a volcanic vent, lava is a liquid at temperatures from 700 to 1,200 °C (1,292 to 2,192 °F).", "A volcano is an opening, or rupture, in a planet's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape from below the surface. Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a period of time. ", "A volcano is a vent or fissure in Earth's crust through which lava, ash, rock and gases erupt. A volcano is also a mountain formed by the accumulation of these eruptive products. Let's take a look at how volcanoes form: Earth's crust is 40 to 250 miles (64 to 402 kilometers) thick. It is broken up into 14 major and 38 smaller pieces called tectonic plates.", "The most common are the following: Basalt and gabbro are usually formed by volcanoes that have an oceanic crust origin, such as Hot Spot volcanoes such as the Hawaiian Islands. Andesitic rocks (Andesite) or Diorite are usually formed by subduction zone (strato-or compositive volcanoes) at convergent boundaries. Rhyolite (formed above ground-extrusive) and granite (intrusive-formed under ground and usually never reaches the surface under eruption conditions). Igneous rocks are also formed when volcanoes erupt, causing the magma to rise above the earth's surface. When magma appears above the earth, it is called lava. Igneous rocks are formed as the lava cools above ground. Source(s):", "Volcano rocks are igneous rocks that form during a volcanic eruption. They were all once magma which is molten rock beneath the Earth's surface. There are four major groups of the igneous rocks: basalt, andesite, dacite and rhyolite. Each of these different rock groups form different types of volcanoes.", "Underground, they are formed when the melted rock, called magma, deep within the earth becomes trapped in small pockets. As these pockets of magma cool slowly underground, the magma becomes igneous rocks. Igneous rocks are also formed when volcanoes erupt, causing the magma to rise above the earth's surface. When magma appears above the earth, it is called lava. Igneous rocks are formed as the lava cools above ground. Source(s):", "Volcanic rock (often shortened to volcanics in scientific contexts) is a rock formed from magma erupted from a volcano. In other words, it differs from other igneous rock by being of volcanic origin. Like all rock types, the concept of volcanic rock is artificial, and in nature volcanic rocks grade into hypabyssal and metamorphic rocks and constitute an important element of some sediments and sedimentary rocks. For these reasons, in geology, volcanics and shallow hypabyssal rocks are not always ==Characteristics==.", "Lava solidifies to rock. New Zealand has 3 main types of volcanoes, and each has been formed from a different type of magma. Once the lava has erupted, it cools and solidifies into rock: 1 Basalt magma often forms shield volcanoes. 2 Andesite magma often forms cone volcanoes. 3 Rhyolite magma often forms calderas. 4 Depending on how much gas the magma contains, it can also form cone volcanoes. Igneous rocks are formed from magma in the Earth’s mantle. They generally don’t contain fossils, don’t react with acids, don’t usually contain obvious layers, can be made of different minerals, sometimes have holes or bubbles and may be glassy in appearance." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jRfEGvp6wDU", "http://www.livescience.com/27295-volcanoes.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090222174653AADvZWA", "http://www.kids-fun-science.com/volcano-rocks.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090222174653AADvZWA", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_rock", "http://sciencelearn.org.nz/Contexts/Volcanoes/Science-Ideas-and-Concepts/Types-of-volcanic-rock" ] }

[ "Underground, they are formed when the melted rock, called magma, deep within the earth becomes trapped in small pockets. As these pockets of magma cool slowly underground, the magma becomes igneous rocks. Igneous rocks are also formed when volcanoes erupt, causing the magma to rise above the earth's surface. When magma appears above the earth, it is called lava. Igneous rocks are formed as the lava cools above ground. Source(s):" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Bile contains bile acids, which are critical for digestion and absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the small intestine. 2 Many waste products, including bilirubin, are eliminated from the body by secretion into bile and elimination in feces.", "Protein is a large, complex molecule that must undergo a series of processes during digestion. During digestion and absorption, protein passes through many organs. Once protein is digested, the body can utilize its nutrients to build and repair many of the cells in the body.", "Digestion and absorption of fats. Most of the fat in the human diet is in the form of triacylglycerol (TAG) , which consists of three fatty acids linked to glycerol. In the digestive tract, TAG is hydrolyzed by the enzyme lipase, to release free fatty acids and monoglycerides.", "A small amount of digestion of your food triglycerides begins in your stomach, although most occurs in your small intestine. In your small intestine, the fat molecules mix with a substance called bile, secreted from your gallbladder, that emulsifies the fat particles, or makes them more water-soluble. Your pancreas secretes a digestive enzyme, called lipase, into your small intestine, where it acts on the emulsified triglycerides.", "Digestion is the breakdown of food into simpler molecules that can be absorbed by the body. The digestive system is actually a long hollow tube called the gastrointestinal tract, or GI tract. The digestive system includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.", "3. Fat Digestion. Fat digestion takes much longer than the digestion of carbohydrates and somewhat longer than the digestion of proteins. A raw salad consisting of nonstarchy vegetables can be digested within two to three hours.", "Secretion of Bile and the Role of Bile Acids In Digestion. Bile is a complex fluid containing water, electrolytes and a battery of organic molecules including bile acids, cholesterol, phospholipids and bilirubin that flows through the biliary tract into the small intestine." ], "url": [ "http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/liver/bile.html", "http://healthyliving.azcentral.com/describe-digestion-absorption-metabolism-protein-20041.html", "http://courses.washington.edu/conj/bess/fats/fats.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/503008-digestion-absorption-of-protein-fats/", "https://msu.edu/~potters6/te801/Biology/biounits/digestion.htm", "http://www.rawfoodexplained.com/fats/fat-digestion.html", "http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/liver/bile.html" ] }

[ "3. Fat Digestion. Fat digestion takes much longer than the digestion of carbohydrates and somewhat longer than the digestion of proteins. A raw salad consisting of nonstarchy vegetables can be digested within two to three hours." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In places where beef-bovine meat-is eaten, the meat comes from both sexes of the cattle. The term cow refers to the female; the male animal is a bull and the young are cal … ves. The meat from the adult cattle is called beef; from the calf it is called veal. 3 people found this useful. The male is called a Bull and the fem … ale a Cow. It's almost like learning another language where instead of being called a male he's called a Bull and instead of her being called a female she's called a Cow.", "The female counterpart to a bull is a cow, while a male of the species which has been castrated is a steer, ox or bullock, although in North America this last term refers to a young bull, and in Australia to a draught animal. Usage of these terms varies considerably with area and dialect. ", "Yes and no. They are not called male cows because technically, male cows don't exist. They, specifically referring to male non-fixed or castrated cattle, are called bulls.. … Cows are specifically female mature cattle. Bulls are male cattle. The male is called a Bull and the fem … ale a Cow. It's almost like learning another language where instead of being called a male he's called a Bull and instead of her being called a female she's called a Cow. Steer is a term you will hear as well. A Steer is a bull that has been neutered or castrated.", "Mature, intact male cattle that are used for breeding cows and heifers are called bulls. Intact male cattle that are almost, of or past weaning age but are younger than 2 years of age are called bullocks. ('Bullock' may also be a European term for a steer, according to the Canadian Oxford Dictionary.). The male is called a Bull and the fem … ale a Cow. It's almost like learning another language where instead of being called a male he's called a Bull and instead of her being called a female she's called a Cow. Steer is a term you will hear as well. A Steer is a bull that has been neutered or castrated.", "The male is called a Bull and the female a Cow. It's almost like learning … another language where instead of being called a male he's called a Bull and instead of her being called a female she's called a Cow. A lot of people use the term 'Cow' in place of 'Cattle' as a sort of abbreviation. The male is called a Bull and the fem … ale a Cow. It's almost like learning another language where instead of being called a male he's called a Bull and instead of her being called a female she's called a Cow. Steer is a term you will hear as well. A Steer is a bull that has been neutered or castrated.", "Best Answer: There are several names applied to bovines (cattle), depending on their gender, age, and reproductive status. An adult female bovine that has given birth is called a cow. A young female bovine that has not given birth is called a heifer. An adult female that has not given birth is often called a heiferette. An intact (not castrated) adult male is a bull. A castrated male is a steer. A male cow is called a bull, a female", "1 Cow: a mature female bovine that has given birth to at least one or two calves. 2 Colloquially, the term cow is also in reference to the Bos primigenius species of domestic cattle, regardless of age, gender, breed or type. " ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_female_cow_called", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bull", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_male_cattle_or_male_cows_called", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_male_cattle_or_male_cows_called", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_male_cattle_or_male_cows_called", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20101028194558AA9ebt8", "http://www.wikihow.com/Tell-the-Difference-Between-Bulls%2C-Cows%2C-Steers-and-Heifers" ] }

[ "The female counterpart to a bull is a cow, while a male of the species which has been castrated is a steer, ox or bullock, although in North America this last term refers to a young bull, and in Australia to a draught animal. Usage of these terms varies considerably with area and dialect. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A typical television remote control uses infrared energy at a wavelength around 940 nanometers. While you cannot see the light emitting from a remote, some digital and cell phone cameras are sensitive to that wavelength of radiation. Try it out! Infrared lamps heat lamps often emit both visible and infrared energy at wavelengths between 500nm to 3000nm in length. ", "Thermal imaging is based on heat. All objects, both natural and manmade, emit infrared energy as heat. This energy is actually part of the upper infrared light spectrum. The energy waves can be collected and focused by the right equipment to create a visible image, even when something is not visible to the naked eye. Within the IR part of the spectrum, there is a long-wave infrared (LWIR) spectrum. There, objects emit energy even when visible light is not present. Thermal imaging... 1 Can highlight people, animals, and objects. 2 Be used to track fugitives or vehicles. 3 Works in both daylight and darkness. 4 Can see through haze and smoke.", "Infrared (IR) is invisible radiant energy, electromagnetic radiation with longer wavelengths than those of visible light, extending from the nominal red edge of the visible spectrum at 700 nanometers (frequency 430 THz) to 1 mm (300 GHz) (although people can see infrared up to at least 1050 nm in experiments). Infrared light from the Sun accounts for 49% of the heating of Earth, with the rest being caused by visible light that is absorbed then re-radiated at longer wavelengths. Visible light or ultraviolet-emitting lasers can char paper and incandescently hot objects emit visible radiation.", "Radiation. All objects give out and take in thermal radiation, which is also called infrared radiation. The hotter an object is, the more infrared radiation it emits. Light from the sun reaching earth. Infrared radiation is a type of electromagnetic radiation that involves waves. No particles are involved, unlike in the processes of conduction and convection, so radiation can even work through the vacuum of space. ", "Most of the thermal radiation emitted by objects near room temperature is infrared. Infrared radiation was discovered in 1800 by astronomer Sir William Herschel, who discovered a type of invisible radiation in the spectrum lower in energy than red light, by means of its effect upon a thermometer. Infrared light from the Sun accounts for 49% of the heating of Earth, with the rest being caused by visible light that is absorbed then re-radiated at longer wavelengths. Visible light or ultraviolet-emitting lasers can char paper and incandescently hot objects emit visible radiation.", "When an object is not quite hot enough to radiate visible light, it will emit most of its energy in the infrared. For example, hot charcoal may not give off light but it does emit infrared radiation which we feel as heat. The warmer the object, the more infrared radiation it emits. Near infrared light is closest in wavelength to visible light and far infrared is closer to the microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum.", "Infrared light has a range of wavelengths, just like visible light has wavelengths that range from red light to violet. Near infrared light is closest in wavelength to visible light and far infrared is closer to the microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum.", "Report Abuse. Basically, hot objects emit infrared light. Infrared radiation is HEAT. So any object with a temperature greater than 0 absolute radiates infrared. Any technology producing heat (desired or not) will emit infrared. ", "Visible and infrared (IR) wavelengths are part of the continuous electromagnetic spectrum. Within the IR part of the spectrum, there is a long-wave infrared (LWIR) spectrum. There, objects emit energy even when visible light is not present. Thermal imaging... 1 Can highlight people, animals, and objects. 2 Be used to track fugitives or vehicles. 3 Works in both daylight and darkness. 4 Can see through haze and smoke." ], "url": [ "http://missionscience.nasa.gov/ems/07_infraredwaves.html", "http://www.eotechinc.com/thermal-vision-technology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/aqa_pre_2011/energy/heatrev2.shtml", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared", "http://science.hq.nasa.gov/kids/imagers/ems/infrared.html", "http://science.hq.nasa.gov/kids/imagers/ems/infrared.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20130322135930AAQMqbp", "http://www.eotechinc.com/thermal-vision-technology" ] }

[ "Thermal imaging is based on heat. All objects, both natural and manmade, emit infrared energy as heat. This energy is actually part of the upper infrared light spectrum. The energy waves can be collected and focused by the right equipment to create a visible image, even when something is not visible to the naked eye. Within the IR part of the spectrum, there is a long-wave infrared (LWIR) spectrum. There, objects emit energy even when visible light is not present. Thermal imaging... 1 Can highlight people, animals, and objects. 2 Be used to track fugitives or vehicles. 3 Works in both daylight and darkness. 4 Can see through haze and smoke." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The river rises in North West Zambia at Mwinilunga. the zambezi river starts in congo. the zambezi river starts in congo. Africa. The river seven starts at the Cambrian mountains in mid wales. It is the longest river in Britain and finishes in the Bristol Channel. ", "Where Does the Nile River Start and End. 02 Nov, 2012 where does 0. The Nile River is a famous river that is located in Northeastern Africa. It is mentioned extensively in research and literature related to Egypt and the Egyptian empire. It is 6,650 km (4,130 miles) long and runs through a total of ten countries", "About the Zambezi River. The Zambezi is Africa’s fourth-largest river and is one of the finest and least spoilt rivers in the world. Its source rises from a tiny spring in North-western Zambia and flows for 2,700 kms into the Indian Ocean at its delta on the Mozambique coast. ", "How long is the Zambezi river in miles? The Zambezi river is 2,200 miles long, starting in Zambia, flowing through Angola, then along the borders of Namibia, Botswana, Zambia again, and Zimbabwe, then hrough Mozambi … que to the Indian Ocean. The river is 1599 miles long or 2574 Kms. 2 people found this useful. ", "The 2,574 km- (1,600 mile-) long river has its source in Zambia and flows through Angola, along the borders of Namibia, Botswana, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, to Mozambique, where it empties into the Indian Ocean. The Zambezi's most spectacular feature is Victoria Falls, the world's largest waterfalls. ", "The Zambezi (also spelled Zambeze and Zambesi) is the fourth-longest river in Africa, the longest east flowing river in Africa and the largest flowing into the Indian Ocean from Africa. The area of its basin is 1,390,000 square kilometres (540,000 sq mi), slightly less than half that of the Nile. The lower Zambezi's 650 km from Cahora Bassa to the Indian Ocean is navigable, although the river is shallow in many places during the dry season. This shallowness arises as the river enters a broad valley and spreads out over a large area.", "The 2,574-kilometre-long river (1,599 mi) rises in Zambia and flows through eastern Angola, along the eastern border of Namibia and the northern border of Botswana, then along the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe to Mozambique, where it crosses that country to empty into the Indian Ocean. The lower Zambezi's 650 km from Cahora Bassa to the Indian Ocean is navigable, although the river is shallow in many places during the dry season. This shallowness arises as the river enters a broad valley and spreads out over a large area.", "The Zambezi River is the forth longest river in Africa (after the Nile, Congo, and Niger) and the largest to discharge into the Indian Ocean from the African continent, flowing for about 2,574 kilometres from its source on the Central African Plateau to sea. The Zambezi River basin catchment area extends over the territory of eight countries-Zambia, Angola, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Tanzania and Mozambique-a catchment area of 1,320,000 km2 with a cumulative mean annual flow of approximately 97 km3 - making it the largest river in southern Africa.", "The Zambezi – in short. The Zambezi river of southern Africa is the fourth longest of the continent, about 3540 km long and draining an area of some 1.3 million sq km. It rises in northwestern Zambia and flows in a double S curve southeast to the Indian Ocean. ", "Zambia Tourism. he Zambezi is Africa’s fourth largest River system, after the Nile, Zaire and Niger Rivers. It runs through six countries on it’s journey from central Africa to the Indian Ocean. Its unique value is that it is less developed than others in terms of human settlement and many areas along it’s banks enjoy protected status." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_does_the_Zambezi_River_start", "http://wanttoknowit.com/where-does-the-nile-river-start-and-end/", "http://www.zamsoc.org/?page_id=636", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_does_the_Zambezi_River_begin", "http://schools-wikipedia.org/wp/z/Zambezi.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambezi", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambezi", "http://www.tothevictoriafalls.com/vfpages/zambezi.html", "http://www.tigerfishfrenzy.com/3zambezi.htm", "http://www.zambiatourism.com/destinations/rivers/zambezi" ] }

[ "The river rises in North West Zambia at Mwinilunga. the zambezi river starts in congo. the zambezi river starts in congo. Africa. The river seven starts at the Cambrian mountains in mid wales. It is the longest river in Britain and finishes in the Bristol Channel. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Golden Gate Bridge's clearance above high water averages 220 feet (67 m) while its towers, at 746 feet (227 m) above the water, were the world's tallest on a suspension bridge until 1998 when bridges in Denmark and Japan were completed. Until 1964, the Golden Gate Bridge had the longest suspension bridge main span in the world, at 4,200 feet (1,300 m). Since 1964 its main span length has been surpassed by ten bridges; it now has the second-longest main span in the United States, after the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge in New York City.", "Although the idea of a bridge spanning the Golden Gate was not new, the proposal that eventually took hold was made in a 1916 San Francisco Bulletin article by former engineering student James Wilkins. Until 1964, the Golden Gate Bridge had the longest suspension bridge main span in the world, at 4,200 feet (1,300 m). Since 1964 its main span length has been surpassed by ten bridges; it now has the second-longest main span in the United States, after the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge in New York City.", "The structure links the U.S. city of San Francisco, on the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula, to Marin County, bridging both U.S. Route 101 and California State Route 1 across the strait. The bridge is one of the most internationally recognized symbols of San Francisco, California, and the United States. Until 1964, the Golden Gate Bridge had the longest suspension bridge main span in the world, at 4,200 feet (1,300 m). Since 1964 its main span length has been surpassed by ten bridges; it now has the second-longest main span in the United States, after the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge in New York City.", "The Golden Gate Bridge is one of the longest suspension bridges in the world. Built across the Golden Gate or the opening of the San Francisco Bay into the Pacific Ocean, the Golden Gate Bridge is a symbol of great engineering feats. Connecting the city of San Francisco and California, the Golden Gate is a well-known civil engineering symbol not only in America, but throughout the world. ", "Crossing the bridge. Even though there is a sidewalk on the Golden Gate Bridge, it's quite a challenge to cross the bridge. Not only is it almost 3km long, but it is a breathtaking 67 meter (220ft) above sea level. In extreme circumstances the bridge can sway almost 28ft (8 meter). When the bridge was completed in 1937 it was the world's longest and tallest suspension bridge. Golden Gate Bridge. But above all this masterly example of engineering is a magnificent monument set against a beautiful backdrop.", "The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate strait, the 1 mile (1.6 km) wide, 3 mile (5 km) long channel between San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean. Until 1964, the Golden Gate Bridge had the longest suspension bridge main span in the world, at 4,200 feet (1,300 m). Since 1964 its main span length has been surpassed by ten bridges; it now has the second-longest main span in the United States, after the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge in New York City.", "The Golden Gate Bridge has two main towers that support the two main cables. The height of a tower above water is 746 ft (227 m). The height of a tower above roadway is 500 ft (152 m). Tower base dimension (each leg) is 33 ft x 54 ft (10 m x 16 m). Bridge Deflection, Load Capacity. Watch this video to see how the Golden Gate Bridge can move up and down by as much as 16 feet ! At midspan, the maximum downward deflection (or the distance the Bridge was built to move downward) is 10.8 ft (3.3.", "The Golden Gate Bridge that was completed in 1937 is a suspense on bridge connecting the San Francisco Bay with the Pacific Ocean. The Golden Gate Bridge is considered to be a globally renowned representation of San Francisco and California. Design Considerations of The Golden Gate Bridge. The design of a suspension bridge is a com plicated work that needs considerable mathematical proficiency and engineering capability. The design has multiple aspects that require extensive deliberations since all materials deform on the application of loads.", "Construction of the Golden Gate Bridge started in 1933. The bridge, which was designed by engineer Joseph Strauss was built to connect San Francisco with Marin County across the 1600 meter (+5000ft) wide strait known as the Golden Gate which links the San Francisco Bay with the Pacific Ocean. When the bridge was completed in 1937 it was the world's longest and tallest suspension bridge. Golden Gate Bridge. But above all this masterly example of engineering is a magnificent monument set against a beautiful backdrop.", "Golden Gate Bridge Facts. The Golden Gate Bridge links the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula to Marin County. This suspension bridge is an iconic symbol of San Francisco, California. It spans the Golden Gate, the part of San Francisco Bay that opens to the Pacific Ocean. It took only four years to build and was opened in 1937 for traffic. The bridge itself was believed to be impossible to build but after almost 100 years of discussion it was completed. Prior to the Golden Gate Bridge the only short way across the bay was by boat. A ferry ran from approximately 1820, but it wasn't until 1867 that a full ferry service began. By the 1920s this ferry company was the largest of its kind in the world." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge", "http://www.archinomy.com/case-studies/1908/golden-gate-bridge-san-francisco", "http://www.aviewoncities.com/sf/goldengatebridge.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge", "http://goldengatebridge.org/research/factsGGBDesign.php", "http://www.brighthubengineering.com/structural-engineering/48804-facts-about-the-golden-gate-bridge/", "http://www.aviewoncities.com/sf/goldengatebridge.htm", "http://www.softschools.com/facts/wonders_of_the_world/golden_gate_bridge_facts/103/" ] }

[ "The Golden Gate Bridge has two main towers that support the two main cables. The height of a tower above water is 746 ft (227 m). The height of a tower above roadway is 500 ft (152 m). Tower base dimension (each leg) is 33 ft x 54 ft (10 m x 16 m). Bridge Deflection, Load Capacity. Watch this video to see how the Golden Gate Bridge can move up and down by as much as 16 feet ! At midspan, the maximum downward deflection (or the distance the Bridge was built to move downward) is 10.8 ft (3.3." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Optitherm® III infrared thermometer temperature measurement system uses fiber optics and the latest pulsed laser infrared technology to measure precisely a single or multi-wafer temperature during in-situ epitaxial growth in CVD, MBE, MOCVD or sputtering applications.", "As such, the infrared thermometer is useful for measuring temperature under circumstances where thermocouples or other probe type sensors cannot be used or do not produce accurate data for a variety of reasons.", "A thermometer is a device that measures the temperature of things. The name is made up of two smaller words: Thermo means heat and meter means to measure. You can use a thermometer to tell the temperature outside or inside your house, inside your oven, even the temperature of your body if you're sick.", " A rectal thermometer is the most accurate way to measure body temperature, especially in small children. Non-contact infrared thermometers (NCITs)  Depending on the manufacturer, NCITs are held between 1.2 and 6 inches (3-15 cm) from the body.", "up vote 9 down vote. Infrared thermometers work very well when measuring the temperature of hot oil. For deep frying it's not a big deal, as standard probe thermometers work fine. But for shallow frying or sauteeing, the IR thermometer does an excellent job at providing the temperature of the oil.", "The temperature of the air is a measure of how quickly the molecules are moving. The more energy of motion the molecules have, the higher the temperature you feel in the air. Air temperature is measured with thermometers. Common thermometers consist of a glass rod with a very thin tube in it. The tube contains a liquid that is supplied from a reservoir, or bulb, at the base of the thermometer. Sometimes the liquid is mercury, and sometimes it is red-colored alcohol.", "What we measure as the temperature is always related to the average speed of the molecules in a system. Click here To view a java applet which shows how molecules move at different temperatures." ], "url": [ "http://www.pyrometer.com/products/optiherm-iii", "http://www.omega.com/prodinfo/infraredthermometer.html", "http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/how_it_works/thermometer.html", "http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/pdf/ebola-non-contact-temperature-measurement-guidance.pdf", "http://cooking.stackexchange.com/questions/1093/what-can-you-do-with-an-infrared-thermometer", "http://www.k5geosource.org/1content/1sc/weather/pg2.html", "http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/light_lessons/thermal/measure.html" ] }

[ "up vote 9 down vote. Infrared thermometers work very well when measuring the temperature of hot oil. For deep frying it's not a big deal, as standard probe thermometers work fine. But for shallow frying or sauteeing, the IR thermometer does an excellent job at providing the temperature of the oil." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "For the tauren, nature is the mother of the world, and their faith holds a deep and resonant tone within their hearts. Tauren are connected to the ebb and flow of the world. They revere the spirits of the land and of their ancestors, and they turn to these spirits for wisdom and guidance. Tauren also bear no ill will to the members of the Alliance unless threatened by them, although they do make an exception for high elves. The taint of magic on the high elven spirit is a poisonous air to the tauren, a stench of the soul that they cannot tolerate for long.", "Goblins are slight and wiry, averaging 3 feet in height. ...average goblin is 3 feet... A high elf is usually a little over 6 feet in height. Humans average 6 feet in height. The average dwarf stands between 4 feet and 5 feet in height. Jungle trolls are lean and wiry, averaging 7 feet tall. Males are on average 7 feet tall. Orcs average between 6 to 7 feet in height. ", "Tauren (shu'halo in their native language of Taur-ahe) are huge nomadic creatures who live on the grassy, open plains of Mulgore in central Kalimdor. Tauren are large, muscular humanoids and bovine in appearance, complete with hooves and horns. Tauren also bear no ill will to the members of the Alliance unless threatened by them, although they do make an exception for high elves. The taint of magic on the high elven spirit is a poisonous air to the tauren, a stench of the soul that they cannot tolerate for long.", "According to the World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade game manual, tauren females are 6.5 feet and males are 8 feet tall. However, according to Blizzard 's internal bible, females are 9 feet and males are 10 feet tall on average. Blizzard is working to make their internal height values publicly available. ", "7'2 - 9'. 6'10 - 8'8. 7 1/2 feet [8]. 1 Goblins are slight and wiry, averaging 3 feet in height. ...average goblin is 3 feet... 2 A high elf is usually a little over 6 feet in height. 3 Humans average 6 feet in height. 4 The average dwarf stands between 4 feet and 5 feet in height. 5 Jungle trolls are lean and wiry, averaging 7 feet tall. 6 Males are on average 7 feet tall. 7 Orcs average between 6 to 7", "The size range of Tauren males is roughly between 9 and 12 feet for males. The ingame model is not correct, ranging only 8 feet tall. Sean Copeland suspects this was done because even with the 8 feet model Taurens have trouble fitting in spaces made for other races. this was confirmed by Sean Copeland with twitter.The size range of Tauren males is roughly between 9 and 12 feet for males.", "Tauren stand anywhere from nine to twelve feet tall and weigh anywhere from 650 to 1000 lbs. Their immense bodies are covered with fine, short fur that ranges in color from black, gray, white, red, brown and tan and any mottled combinations or variations thereof. Tauren also bear no ill will to the members of the Alliance unless threatened by them, although they do make an exception for high elves. The taint of magic on the high elven spirit is a poisonous air to the tauren, a stench of the soul that they cannot tolerate for long.", "The tauren race is presumed to be as old as the night elves since both races are said to have awoken during the creation of the world. Much like the elves, they have a strong attunement to nature and the elemental spirits. Thus, their society is largely based on shamanism. Tauren also bear no ill will to the members of the Alliance unless threatened by them, although they do make an exception for high elves. The taint of magic on the high elven spirit is a poisonous air to the tauren, a stench of the soul that they cannot tolerate for long.", "12780. 26/04/2015 14:09Posted by RagornTauren males average 10.5 feet tall. this was confirmed by Sean Copeland with twitter.The size range of Tauren males is roughly between 9 and 12 feet for males.The ingame model is not correct, ranging only 8 feet tall. Sean Copeland suspects this was done because even with the 8 feet model Taurens have trouble fitting in spaces made for other races." ], "url": [ "http://wowwiki.wikia.com/wiki/Tauren", "http://wowwiki.wikia.com/wiki/Height", "http://wowwiki.wikia.com/wiki/Tauren", "http://wow.gamepedia.com/Tauren", "http://wow.gamepedia.com/Height", "http://eu.battle.net/wow/en/forum/topic/14381289405", "http://wowwiki.wikia.com/wiki/Tauren", "http://wowwiki.wikia.com/wiki/Tauren", "http://eu.battle.net/wow/en/forum/topic/14381289405" ] }

[ "12780. 26/04/2015 14:09Posted by RagornTauren males average 10.5 feet tall. this was confirmed by Sean Copeland with twitter.The size range of Tauren males is roughly between 9 and 12 feet for males.The ingame model is not correct, ranging only 8 feet tall. Sean Copeland suspects this was done because even with the 8 feet model Taurens have trouble fitting in spaces made for other races." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "GTAW, CC-CV multi process types of used welding machines and welder power sources. MIG, TIG, SAW, SMAW, Stick, Sub Arc equipment, Submerged arc welders, Pulse Mig, Plasma Welders and GMAW MIG wire feeders as well as push pull soft metal wire feeders and automatic welding process controllers.", "WELDING EQUIPMENT. Welding equipment includes stick welders, tig welders, MIG welders, multi-process welders, advanced process welders, multi-operator welders, engine drives, submerged arc equipment, and wire feeders for arc welding. CUTT", "A wire feeder may be used for machine or automatic welding and must be the constant speed type. The wire feeder must have a speed adjustment covering the range of from 10 in. per minute (254 mm per minute) to 125 in. per minute (3.18 m per minute) feed speed. PAW or plasma arc welding using an automated process. The electric arc is formed in between the work piece and the electrode.", "MobileFeed 201AVS A versatile voltage-sensing wire feeder foruse with any CV or CC welding power supply. MobileFeed 301AVS A versatile voltage-sensing Wire feeder for use with any CV or CC welding power supply. Origo Feed 3004 MA23 Optimized to operate together with the Origo Mig 4002c and 6502c. It can also be used with the Aristo Mig U5000i. The MA23 features manual MIG and Stick welding control from the wire feeder and the Tr ..." ], "url": [ "http://www.weldplus.com/welderlist.asp", "http://www.lincolnelectric.com/en-us/equipment/Pages/welding-cutting-equipment.aspx", "http://www.weldguru.com/plasma-welding.html", "http://www.esabna.com/us/en/products/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.productsbycategory&catId=14" ] }

[ "A wire feeder may be used for machine or automatic welding and must be the constant speed type. The wire feeder must have a speed adjustment covering the range of from 10 in. per minute (254 mm per minute) to 125 in. per minute (3.18 m per minute) feed speed. PAW or plasma arc welding using an automated process. The electric arc is formed in between the work piece and the electrode." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "No Unycorns. http://honestnutrition.blogspot.com/2009/02/stress-and-sleep-melatonin-and-co... Sleep allows an overactive adrenal to rest overnight, also allowing your melatonin to give you a good night's sleep. Cortisol and melatonin are agonists, and fight for dominance. Cortisol is a stress hormone made by the adrenal gland and melatonin is an antioxidant sleep hormone produced by the pineal gland at night, in darkness.", "Definition: Cortisol is a natural steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland cortex. It has a strong diurnal variation, generally high early in the morning and falling during the day. Cortisol level typically increases over the first few minutes of the day, reaching a peak 20-30 minutes after waking.", "Conflicting evidence for a regulatory role of melatonin on adrenal cortisol production, prompted us to investigate this possibility in a New World primate, the capuchin monkey.", "Melatonin and cortisol switches during mania, depression, and euthymia in a drug-free bipolar patient by Kennedy SH, Tighe S, McVey G, Brown GM Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ow melatonin and elevated cortisol levels have typically been reported during depression.", "mt1 Melatonin receptor in the primate adrenal gland: inhibition of adrenocorticotropin-stimulated cortisol production by melatonin.", "The evidence that the converse is true during mania has been less well documented. In a single case design, repeated measures of nocturnal melatonin and cortisol were taken during mania, depression, and euthymia.", "However, cortisol production stimulated by 100 nM ACTH was significantly inhibited by low melatonin concentrations (0.1-100 nM); this inhibitory effect was reversed by the mt1/MT2 melatonin antagonist luzindole." ], "url": [ "http://www.curezone.org/forums/am.asp?i=1722571", "http://www.raysahelian.com/cortisol.html", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12519889", "http://www.biopsychiatry.com/melcortbi.htm", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12519889", "http://www.biopsychiatry.com/melcortbi.htm", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12519889" ] }

[ "No Unycorns. http://honestnutrition.blogspot.com/2009/02/stress-and-sleep-melatonin-and-co... Sleep allows an overactive adrenal to rest overnight, also allowing your melatonin to give you a good night's sleep. Cortisol and melatonin are agonists, and fight for dominance. Cortisol is a stress hormone made by the adrenal gland and melatonin is an antioxidant sleep hormone produced by the pineal gland at night, in darkness." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Report Abuse. Everyone is different, and it really does depend on how many calories you consume.(contrary to popular belief you cannot eat an endless amount of bacon and eggs) I lose weight really fast when I Atkins, I can drop 10-15 lbs in the first two weeks, then 3-4 lbs a week after that. ", "IMO actually being in ketosis isn't really that important, you will get the benefit of a low carb diet as long as you are under 100 grams of carbs or so split evenly through the day made up mostly of fibrous veggies. Dec. 07/08, 02:49 PM #9. Originally Posted by realworksuks takes me about 5 days okay thanks. I'll assume about a week I guess. So far no fatigue-I heard people get headaches and start getting tired from the lack of carbs. I got no Fats in the house, past 2 days I have gotten out to go buy some.", "The rate of weight loss on a ketosis diet varies, and how long it takes to work depends on how much weight you need to lose, but you may be able to lose more than 12 pounds in a month. Getting Into Ketosis. Your body's preferred source of fuel is glucose, which is derived from carbohydrates. When fasting, your body undergoes hormonal changes that stimulate the release of fat from your fat cells, where it is transported to the liver and made into ketones, which are then used for energy.", "My question is adressed in the first place to those who follow lc diets that require you to monitor whether you're in ketosis or not, such as atkins, stillman's etc. How many days does it take you until you know you're in ketosis? When do you usually start developing first symptoms of ketosis? WOE: Atkins. I use ketosticks to check, and it takes me 2 days to get into ketosis. __________________. There are no elevators to success-you have to take the stairs.", "Eugenia 11687 · June 10, 2012 at 9:34 PM. It only takes 1-3 days to get into ketosis. But getting in ketosis is easy, becoming keto-adapted is the tricky part. It usually takes a month to get to the first stage of becoming keto-adapted, and it takes up to 2 years to fully train your body to use ketones fully. Add Comment 8 Comments. ", "If you go on a binge, it can take you a couple of days or more to eliminate the glycogen out of your liver. If you just have a few extra carbs, then no it does not take 3 days to get back into ketosis. If I have a piece of chocolate cake, for example, it only takes me a day to get back on track. The body only has the capacity to store about 300 to 400 grams of carbs, so if you've been following Atkins Induction correctly or Protein Power (20 to 30 net carbs per day), after 5 days you'll definitely be in Ketosis even if it's not showing up on the Ketone sticks.", "Weight Loss. When followed as advised, people on a ketogenic diet for weight loss lose weight and lose it quickly, according to dietitian Juliette Kellow. According to a 2008 study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, men who followed a ketogenic diet for four weeks lost an average of 12 pounds. Getting Into Ketosis. Your body's preferred source of fuel is glucose, which is derived from carbohydrates. When fasting, your body undergoes hormonal changes that stimulate the release of fat from your fat cells, where it is transported to the liver and made into ketones, which are then used for energy.", "If you are eating 20 to 60 grams of carbs, and weight training (I will assume at least 3 times a week-heavy)--dependent on the length of the low carb period, and levels of intensity, volume, etc, in your training......there is a good chance your glucose stores are very low (or even depleted). Originally Posted by realworksuks takes me about 5 days okay thanks. I'll assume about a week I guess. So far no fatigue-I heard people get headaches and start getting tired from the lack of carbs. I got no Fats in the house, past 2 days I have gotten out to go buy some.", "Wal Mart pharmacy behind the counter of by the diabetic stuff. $7.00 for 50 of them. Work pretty good. Also I heard in light of the holiday that if you cheat, exceed the ketosis threshold of carbs, it can take up to 3 days for your body to go back to burning phat. Originally Posted by realworksuks takes me about 5 days okay thanks. I'll assume about a week I guess. So far no fatigue-I heard people get headaches and start getting tired from the lack of carbs. I got no Fats in the house, past 2 days I have gotten out to go buy some." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20061201132916AANieH2", "http://training.fitness.com/nutrition/how-long-does-take-get-into-ketosis-37327.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/553603-how-long-does-it-take-for-the-ketosis-diet-to-work/", "http://www.lowcarbfriends.com/bbs/main-lowcarb-lobby/615366-how-long-does-take-you-get-yourself-into-ketosis.html", "http://www.paleohacks.com/ketosis/how-long-does-it-take-to-reach-ketosis-16885", "http://kickincarbclutter.blogspot.com/2011/05/how-do-i-get-back-into-ketosis-faster.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/553603-how-long-does-it-take-for-the-ketosis-diet-to-work/", "http://training.fitness.com/nutrition/how-long-does-take-get-into-ketosis-37327.html", "http://training.fitness.com/nutrition/how-long-does-take-get-into-ketosis-37327.html" ] }

[ "Eugenia 11687 · June 10, 2012 at 9:34 PM. It only takes 1-3 days to get into ketosis. But getting in ketosis is easy, becoming keto-adapted is the tricky part. It usually takes a month to get to the first stage of becoming keto-adapted, and it takes up to 2 years to fully train your body to use ketones fully. Add Comment 8 Comments. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The prize is only worth $60, and I have never had anything notarized-so I'm wondering if it would be worth it to go through the hassle of having it... show more I recently won a contest/drawing online and in order to claim my prize, I have to fill out an affidavit and have it notarized by a notary public. The prize is only worth $60, and I have never had anything notarized-so I'm wondering if it would be worth it to go through the hassle of having it... Source(s): cost signed notary public process work: https://tr.im/7TQxW. Finley · 2 months ago.", "Most Mailboxes USA or Etc. have notaries on call as well. Cost is specific by state. In CA, it's $10 per signature witnessed (so if two people are signing or two documents are being signed by one person, it'd be $20 for example). Bring the document(s) with you when you appear before the notary. You will be required to provide a valid ID and possibly a thumb print. Look up a Notaries Public in your local yellow pages. The last time I had to pay I paid something like $5 - $10 per document...but that may be different from notary to notary and place to place.... Otherwise, check with your bank. Most banks offer FREE notary services to their account holders (Bank of America does)", "Best Answer: Most likely your local bank has a notary and it should be free or at most ten dollars. You will need to sign the affidavit in front of the notary and she will stamp the paperwork and record your name. It's that easy!!! The prize is only worth $60, and I have never had anything notarized-so I'm wondering if it would be worth it to go through the hassle of having it... Source(s): cost signed notary public process work: https://tr.im/7TQxW. Finley · 2 months ago.", "1 On average, a notary is going to anywhere from $0 to as much as $10. 2 More than likely, you will find that your local bank will notarize something for free as long as you are a customer of that particular bank and they have a notary on staff. What are the extra costs? 1 If the notary has to come to your location, a delivery charge will more than likely apply. 2 Like the document fees, many states have laws that forbid the notary from charging too much “per mile.”. 3 If copies have to be made, this can be anywhere from $0.10 to $0.30 per copy.", "There are many situations in which a notary may be necessary, and many different services that a notary can offer. The cost of a notary will really depend upon the company, the amount of work that may have to be done, and other factors. 1 On average, a notary is going to anywhere from $0 to as much as $10. What are the extra costs? 1 If the notary has to come to your location, a delivery charge will more than likely apply. 2 Like the document fees, many states have laws that forbid the notary from charging too much “per mile.”. 3 If copies have to be made, this can be anywhere from $0.10 to $0.30 per copy.", "State-imposed ceilings on notary fees vary considerably. For example, in Massachusetts the fee limit is $1.25, while in California it is $10. Notaries are easy to locate. You’ll find them at banks, law firms and realty offices. Courts and county clerk’s offices are other places to locate a notary public when you need one. Every Signature Counts. A key point to remember is that notaries charge on a per signature basis. Suppose a husband and wife both sign a document that must be notarized in California. The fee can be $20 for the two signatures even though they appear on one document.", "In our area most banks do it for free if you have an account with them. Also most real estate offices will have a notary that will do it for free hoping to get your business one day. I think the maximum notary fee here in AZ is $2.00 per notarized page if they want to charge you. Notary fees by state: Maximum Notary Fees By State: Don’t Get Ripped Off By Big Fat Notary Guys! Does anyone know the average cost of getting documents notarized. I'm gonna need about 20 documents notarized. I heard banks do it for free.", "How much is it? 1 On average, a notary is going to anywhere from $0 to as much as $10. 2 Public companies such as FEDEx Kinkos and the UPS Store usually charge around $5 to $10 to have a single-page document notarized. 3 For example, SFBayNotary.com charges $5 per every notarized signature. What are the extra costs? 1 If the notary has to come to your location, a delivery charge will more than likely apply. 2 Like the document fees, many states have laws that forbid the notary from charging too much “per mile.”. 3 If copies have to be made, this can be anywhere from $0.10 to $0.30 per copy." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080228171953AAbinHz", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080421120609AAbItxr", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080228171953AAbinHz", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/how-much-does-a-notary-cost/", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/how-much-does-a-notary-cost/", "http://www.ehow.com/info_7927035_much-cost-something-notarized.html", "http://www.city-data.com/forum/business/2104464-average-cost-getting-something-notarized.html", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/how-much-does-a-notary-cost/" ] }

[ "How much is it? 1 On average, a notary is going to anywhere from $0 to as much as $10. 2 Public companies such as FEDEx Kinkos and the UPS Store usually charge around $5 to $10 to have a single-page document notarized. 3 For example, SFBayNotary.com charges $5 per every notarized signature. What are the extra costs? 1 If the notary has to come to your location, a delivery charge will more than likely apply. 2 Like the document fees, many states have laws that forbid the notary from charging too much “per mile.”. 3 If copies have to be made, this can be anywhere from $0.10 to $0.30 per copy." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Ear cancer is a type of head and neck cancer which develops from the skin that overlays the ear, and occurs within the epithelial lining of the ear canal. As cancer grows inside the ear, excessive pain occurs, and the patient may have to get many treatments in order to fight it. Such an opening in the tympanic membrane is a sure sign of ear cancer. Growth of a Sore in the Ear. One of the key symptoms of cancer of the ear is the occurrence of a sore in or around the ear that takes more than a month to heal. It could be a pink lump, and might bleed easily.", "Ear symptoms can develop over time and occur along with additional symptoms that may be a sign of a more serious condition, such as hearing loss or rarely, a tumor. Ear symptoms may occur in both ears or only in one ear or a small part of the ear. In adults, ear symptoms can result from infection, inflammation, trauma, malignancy (skin cancer), other abnormal processes, and aging. Underlying conditions in another region of the body can lead to secondary or referred ear symptoms, such as disorders of the jaw joint (temporomandibular joint) and teeth.", "Squamous cell carcinoma signs and symptoms. Most often, squamous cell carcinoma occurs on sun-exposed areas of your body, such as your face, ears and hands. People with darker skin are more likely to develop squamous cell carcinoma on areas that aren't often exposed to the sun. Squamous cell carcinoma may appear as: ", "Signs and Symptoms of Ear Cancer. Abnormal growth of cells on the skin of the outer ear usually appear as a persistent crusting on the upper edge of the ear. The tumor may be a scaly area that does not improve with the use of a moisturizer, or appear as a white bump, sometimes accompanied by oozing or draining. Towards the outer ear ulceration may be observed. As the tumor grows inside the ear other structures are affected, such as the nerves, the surrounding bones, the vestibular apparatus, lymph nodes and the parotid gland. Ear cancer symptoms then include: 1 Constant ringing in the ear. 2 Loss of hearing. 3 Ear pain. 4 Dizziness/vertigo. 5 Facial paralysis on the side of the affected ear – due to facial nerve involvement. 6 Enlargement of the parotid gland which is the salivary gland located below the ear. 7 Enlargement of the lymph nodes", "Glomus Tympanicum Tumors. The most common tumor of the middle ear and second most common tumor found in the temporal bone is the paraganglioma, commonly referred to as the glomus tumor. Chemodectoma is another term occasionally used to describe this tumor. ", "Symptoms of cancer of the ear. The symptoms of cancer of the ear depend on where the tumour is within the ear. Some people may also have swollen lymph nodes in their neck. Middle ear – the most common symptom is a discharge from the ear which may be blood stained. Other symptoms include hearing loss and earache. Occasionally people cannot move their face on the side of the affected ear. Inner ear – pain including a headache, hearing loss, tinnitus and dizziness", "As soon as the symptoms of ear cancer are noticed, the patient should be taken to a doctor who will carry out tests such as biopsy, MRI Scans, and CT Scans to figure out the real cause of ear problem. If cancer is diagnosed, doctors recommend chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. Such an opening in the tympanic membrane is a sure sign of ear cancer. Growth of a Sore in the Ear. One of the key symptoms of cancer of the ear is the occurrence of a sore in or around the ear that takes more than a month to heal. It could be a pink lump, and might bleed easily.", "Symptoms of cancer of the outer ear. The main symptom is a spot or sore that doesn’t heal within 4 weeks. Most squamous cell cancers are pink lumps that have a hard scaly surface. They often bleed easily and ulcerate. ", "The most common cause of ear symptoms in children is a middle ear infection (otitis media). In adults, ear symptoms can result from infection, inflammation, trauma, malignancy (skin cancer), other abnormal processes, and aging. Underlying conditions in another region of the body can lead to secondary or referred ear symptoms, such as disorders of the jaw joint (temporomandibular joint) and teeth." ], "url": [ "http://www.buzzle.com/articles/ear-cancer-symptoms.html", "http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/ear-symptoms", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/skin-cancer/basics/symptoms/CON-20031606", "http://www.healthguideinfo.com/other-cancers/p107357/", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/860642-overview", "http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancers-in-general/cancer-questions/treatment-for-cancer-of-the-ear-canal-and-middle-ear", "http://www.buzzle.com/articles/ear-cancer-symptoms.html", "http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancers-in-general/cancer-questions/treatment-for-cancer-of-the-outer-ear", "http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/ear-symptoms" ] }

[ "Signs and Symptoms of Ear Cancer. Abnormal growth of cells on the skin of the outer ear usually appear as a persistent crusting on the upper edge of the ear. The tumor may be a scaly area that does not improve with the use of a moisturizer, or appear as a white bump, sometimes accompanied by oozing or draining. Towards the outer ear ulceration may be observed. As the tumor grows inside the ear other structures are affected, such as the nerves, the surrounding bones, the vestibular apparatus, lymph nodes and the parotid gland. Ear cancer symptoms then include: 1 Constant ringing in the ear. 2 Loss of hearing. 3 Ear pain. 4 Dizziness/vertigo. 5 Facial paralysis on the side of the affected ear – due to facial nerve involvement. 6 Enlargement of the parotid gland which is the salivary gland located below the ear. 7 Enlargement of the lymph nodes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Nerve conduction studies and needle EMG are commonly performed by physical medicine and rehabilitation or neurology specialists to assess the ability of the nervous system to conduct electrical impulses and to evaluate nerve/muscle function to determine if neuromuscular disease is present. Motor nerve conduction studies. In motor nerve conduction studies, motor nerves are stimulated and the compound muscle action potential from the muscle is recorded. This corresponds to the integrity of the motor unit.", "Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) test-also called a nerve conduction study (NCS) - is a measurement of the speed of conduction of an electrical impulse through a nerve. NCV can determine nerve damage and destruction. ", "An electromyogram (EMG) measures the electrical activity of muscles at rest and during contraction. Nerve conduction studies measure how well and how fast the nerves can send electrical signals. Nerves control the muscles in the body with electrical signals called impulses. These impulses make the muscles react in specific ways. Nerve and muscle problems cause the muscles to react in abnormal ways. If you have leg pain or numbness, you may have these tests to find out how much your nerves are being affected. An EMG is done to: 1 Find diseases that damage muscle tissue, nerves, or the junctions between nerve and muscle. 2 Find the cause of weakness, paralysis, or muscle twitching.", "An electromyogram (EMG) measures the electrical activity of muscles at rest and during contraction. Nerve conduction studies measure how well and how fast the nerves can send electrical signals. Nerves control the muscles in the body with electrical signals called impulses. When the test is done, the electrodes are removed. Nerve conduction studies are done before an EMG if both tests are being done. Nerve conduction tests may take from 15 minutes to 1 hour or more, depending on how many nerves and muscles are studied.", "A nerve conduction velocity (NCV) test determines how quickly electrical signals move through a particular peripheral nerve. It is also sometimes known as a nerve conduction study and is used in the diagnosis of nerve damage or nerve dysfunction. ", "The nerve conduction study is performed by placing surface electrodes over nerves, usually in the arms and/or legs. The electrodes are used to stimulate the nerves and then record the conduction of the signal down the nerve to some other point. The nerve conduction test provides physicians with information about the functioning of the peripheral nerves including both the type of dysfunction and the likely location of its cause. This can be used to help diagnose various diseases that impact the nerves.", "A nerve conduction study (NCS), also called a nerve conduction velocity (NCV) test--is a measurement of the speed of conduction of an electrical impulse through a nerve. NCS can determine nerve damage and destruction. During the test, the nerve is stimulated, usually with surface electrode patches attached to the skin. The nerve conduction velocity (speed) is then calculated by measuring the distance between electrodes and the time it takes for electrical impulses to travel between electrodes. A related procedure that may be performed is electromyography (EMG).", "A nerve conduction study (NCS) is a medical diagnostic test commonly used to evaluate the function, especially the ability of electrical conduction, of the motor and sensory nerves of the human body. Nerve conduction studies are used mainly for evaluation of paresthesias (numbness, tingling, burning) and/or weakness of the arms and legs. The type of study required is dependent in part by the symptoms presented. A physical exam and thorough history also help to direct the investigation.", "Nerve Conduction Study. A nerve conduction study is a neurological test, usually performed by a neurologist and often along with an electromyogram, which evaluates the conduction of electrical impulses down peripheral nerves. The nerve conduction test provides physicians with information about the functioning of the peripheral nerves including both the type of dysfunction and the likely location of its cause. This can be used to help diagnose various diseases that impact the nerves.", "This video accompanies the article: Electromyography (EMG) . Video Transcript. EMG/NCS stands for electromyogram and nerve conduction studies and this is an electrical test of your nerves and muscles. The purpose of the test is to localize where your symptoms are coming from. " ], "url": [ "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2094544-overview", "http://www.ohsu.edu/xd/health/services/brain/getting-treatment/clinical-services/tests-procedures/nerve-conduction-studies.cfm?DCSext.condition=Nerve%20Conduction%20Studies", "http://www.webmd.com/brain/electromyogram-emg-and-nerve-conduction-studies", "http://www.emedicinehealth.com/electromyogram_emg_and_nerve_conduction_studies-health/article_em.htm", "http://www.healthline.com/health/nerve-conduction-velocity", "http://www.nervous-system-diseases.com/nerve-conduction-study.html", "http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/test_procedures/neurological/nerve_conduction_velocity_ncv_92,P07657/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerve_conduction_study", "http://www.nervous-system-diseases.com/nerve-conduction-study.html", "http://www.spine-health.com/video/video-what-emg-ncs" ] }

[ "A nerve conduction study (NCS), also called a nerve conduction velocity (NCV) test--is a measurement of the speed of conduction of an electrical impulse through a nerve. NCS can determine nerve damage and destruction. During the test, the nerve is stimulated, usually with surface electrode patches attached to the skin. The nerve conduction velocity (speed) is then calculated by measuring the distance between electrodes and the time it takes for electrical impulses to travel between electrodes. A related procedure that may be performed is electromyography (EMG)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "There are many different forms of heart disease. The most common cause of heart disease is narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart itself. This is called coronary artery disease and happens slowly over time. It's the major reason people have heart attacks.", "HCM remains the most common cardiovascular genetic disorder, occurring in at least 1 in 500 people in the general population. 7 HCM is a primary inherited disorder of the myocardium characterized by hypertrophy, usually of the left ventricle, in the absence of other loading conditions such as hypertension.", "In most cases, the cause of CCHD is unknown. A variety of genetic and environmental factors likely contribute to this complex condition. Changes in single genes have been associated with CCHD. Studies suggest that these genes are involved in normal heart development before birth.", "The cause of cardiomyopathy, a thickening or enlarging of the heart muscle, may depend on the type: 1 Dilated cardiomyopathy. 2 The cause of this most common type of cardiomyopathy often is unknown. 3 It may be caused by reduced blood flow to the heart (ischemic heart disease), infections, toxins and certain drugs.", "1 Dilated cardiomyopathy. 2 The cause of this most common type of cardiomyopathy often is unknown. 3 It may be caused by reduced blood flow to the heart (ischemic heart disease), infections, toxins and certain drugs. 4 It also may be inherited from a parent.", "Congenital heart disease is often divided into two types: cyanotic (blue skin color caused by a lack of oxygen) and non-cyanotic. The following lists cover the most common congenital heart diseases: Cyanotic: 1 Ebstein's anomaly.", "Down Syndrome: Down syndrome or DS is a chromosomal syndrome which occurs as a result of an extra chromosome and is the most common disorder of that type. Symptoms include distinctive spacing of the facial features, impaired cognitive ability, stunted physical growth and an increased risk of congenital heart disease.", "1 The cause of this most common type of cardiomyopathy often is unknown. 2 It may be caused by reduced blood flow to the heart (ischemic heart disease), infections, toxins and certain drugs. 3 It also may be inherited from a parent. 4 It usually enlarges (dilates) the left ventricle." ], "url": [ "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/heartdiseases.html", "http://circgenetics.ahajournals.org/content/2/2/182.full", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/critical-congenital-heart-disease", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/basics/causes/CON-20034056", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/basics/causes/CON-20034056", "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001114.htm", "http://www.healthguidance.org/entry/16903/1/The-10-Most-Common-Genetic-Diseases.html", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/basics/causes/CON-20034056" ] }

[ "HCM remains the most common cardiovascular genetic disorder, occurring in at least 1 in 500 people in the general population. 7 HCM is a primary inherited disorder of the myocardium characterized by hypertrophy, usually of the left ventricle, in the absence of other loading conditions such as hypertension." ]