answers
dict | title
stringlengths 16
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| question
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---|---|---|---|---|
{
"answer_start": [
121
],
"text": [
"674 mV"
]
} | 10.1039/C4RA12888E | The JY12 dye exhibited a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 14.0 mA cm−2, an open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 674 mV and a fill factor (FF) of 0.64, generating a PCE of 6.05%. | What is the value of Voc? | 28639 |
{
"answer_start": [
94
],
"text": [
"0.36cm2"
]
} | 10.1016/j.tet.2013.01.009 | Thermally platinized FTO was used as the counter electrode; its active area was controlled to 0.36cm2 using adhered polyester tape having a thickness of 60μm. | What is the value of active area? | 33475 |
{
"answer_start": [
191
],
"text": [
"I−/I3−"
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.042 | The most intense low-energy excitations of all the dyes examined in this work occurred from H → L transition.The four sensitizers, CSI, CDI, CST and CDT, were incorporated into DSSCs with an I−/I3− redox couple, and shows the incident photon-to-current conversion efficiencies (IPCEs) of the corresponding DSSCs. | What is redox couple? | 28518 |
{
"answer_start": [
89
],
"text": [
"0.746 V"
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.02.121 | From the results, the two cells have a similar FF, but the TiO2 MS cell has a lower Voc (0.746 V) and a higher Jsc (17.62 mA cm−2) than NP-20 cell (0.753 V and 13.82 mA cm−2), which result in a higher efficiency (9.63%). | What is the value of Voc? | 1591 |
{
"answer_start": [
379
],
"text": [
"ITO"
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA09855G | In contrast, the absorption spectrum of the CsPbI2Br film remained almost unchanged upon thermal aging, indicating the excellent thermal stability of the CsPbI2Br perovskite.To examine the influence of the hot-casting process on device performance, planar n-i-p PSCs were fabricated by using RT-cast and hot-cast CsPbI2Br perovskites as absorbers with the device architecture of ITO/SnO2/CsPbI2Br/PTAA/MoO3/Al (Fig. | What is ? | 11258 |
{
"answer_start": [
385
],
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.12.009 | The spectra also showed a strong absorption peak at 1716–1709cm−1 corresponding to the carbonyl of COOH in DH-1 and DH-2 respectively.1H NMR spectra were recorded in DMSO at room temperature using Bruker 700MHz spectrometer for dyes.The photovoltaic performance of complexes DH-1 and DH-2 as sensitizers on nanocrystalline TiO2 electrode was studied under standard AM 1.5 irradiation (100mWcm−2) one sun illumination using an electrolyte Solarnix Iodolyte AN-50. | What is the value of illumination? | 17267 |
{
"answer_start": [
234
],
"text": [
"TJ101"
]
} | 10.1039/C4RA04407J | With the different positions of the carboxyl in the pyridine ring, a maximal photon-to-electron conversion efficiency of 5.4% (Jsc = 10.8 mA cm−2, Voc = 680 mV, FF = 74.2%) under AM 1.5 irradiation is obtained for the device based on TJ101, while for the devices sensitized by dye TJ102 achieves the conversion efficiency of 4.2%. | What material has FF of 74.2%? | 36721 |
{
"answer_start": [
63
],
"text": [
"2.65%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2015.11.015 | Photovoltaic performance of dye 119 (η= 2.43%) and dye 120 (η= 2.65%) was better than counterpart dye 1 (η= 1.23%), in same conditions (Dye 121 having three donor groups showed narrow absorption range (300–470 nm). | What is the value of η? | 21396 |
{
"answer_start": [
42
],
"text": [
"7.37%"
]
} | 10.1039/C2JM16148F | As a result, η varies systematically from 7.37% for the NP sample, 8.15% for the NF sample to 7.93% for the ETS cell and 9.35% for the HTS cell.It is well known that the short-circuit current density is mainly determined by the initial number of photogenerated electrons. | What is the value of η? | 24452 |
{
"answer_start": [
85
],
"text": [
"72.2%"
]
} | 10.1039/C3EE44174A | The device prepared with P3HT yielded a JSC = 14.0 mA cm−2, a VOC = 620.1 mV, a FF = 72.2%, and a PCE = 6.3%, the lowest performances obtained from the devices prepared with other HTMs. | What is the value of FF? | 2591 |
{
"answer_start": [
156
],
"text": [
"5.40%"
]
} | 10.1039/C5RA26995D | In particular, the DSSCs assembled with CE (MnO2 + 6 wt% rGO) yields a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.77%, which is slightly superior to the Pt CE (5.40%). | What is the value of PCE? | 16798 |
{
"answer_start": [
112
],
"text": [
"Pt"
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2017.11.060 | The device with MWCNT/PEDOT: PSS show high PV performance and yields efficiency (η=6.5%) slightly comparable to Pt (η=8.5%), and high as compared to MWCNT/PSSA (η=3.6%). | What material has η of 8.5%? | 37082 |
{
"answer_start": [
246
],
"text": [
"1.29%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.04.036 | Since 30 wt% PMII can effectively restrain the crystallization of pure P12I for better dye regeneration and ion transport, Device B containing Electrolyte B shows a Voc of 0.757 V, a Jsc value of 3.85 mA cm−2 and a FF of 0.441, yielding a PCE of 1.29%. | What is the value of PCE? | 18489 |
{
"answer_start": [
2
],
"text": [
"2.4"
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2014.08.058 | A 2.4 μm thick transparent layer of 25 nm sized titania particles were first printed on the fluorine-doped SnO2 (FTO) conducting glass electrode and further coated by a 5.5 μm thick scattering layer of 400 nm sized titania particles. | What is titania? | 29869 |
{
"answer_start": [
102
],
"text": [
"764mV"
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.01.132 | It can be observed that the DSC using the Pt CE displays PCE of 8.87% with Jsc of 17.37mAcm−2, Voc of 764mV, and FF of 0.65, whereas the 2H-MoS2@HCS CE based DSC reaches PCE of 8.16% with Jsc of 16.72mAcm−2, Voc of 758mV, and FF of 0.62. | What is the value of Voc? | 27429 |
{
"answer_start": [
37
],
"text": [
"16.8%"
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA09933B | For the cell without CdS, the PCE is 16.8% under reverse scan conditions, which is 0.97 times that (17.3%) under forward scan conditions. | What is the value of PCE? | 4091 |
{
"answer_start": [
181
],
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.020 | The liquid electrolyte was injected into the gap between the TiO2 photoanode and the CE.The photovoltaic performance of the DSCs was performed under simulated AM 1.5G illumination (100mWcm−2, PECL15, Peccell, Japan) using a Keithley digital source meter (Keithley 2601, USA). | What is the value of illumination? | 1270 |
{
"answer_start": [
59
],
"text": [
"0.67V"
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.02.077 | The relatively larger VOC observed in DM1 (0.70V) and DM2 (0.67V) when compared to their corresponding isomers suggests that the methyl unit substitution near donor has possibly reduced the charge recombination by retarding the approach of triiodide (I3−) at the TiO2 surface than dyes MA1 (0.57V), MA2 (0.64V) which has shown lower VOC.To elucidate further the effect of methyl group in DM and MA dyes on the performance of DSSC, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were conducted. | What is the value of VOC? | 26665 |
{
"answer_start": [
95
],
"text": [
"1.04"
]
} | 10.1039/C6NR02276F | Furthermore a 1 v/v% PEDOT/NiOx HTL-based device showed a 15.1% PCE (JSC = 20.1 mA cm−2, VOC = 1.04 V, FF = 0.72) with minimum hysteresis.Wang et al. | What is ? | 22446 |
{
"answer_start": [
39
],
"text": [
"0.09 cm2"
]
} | 10.1039/C7RA04611A | A black mask with a circular aperture (0.09 cm2) smaller than the active area of the square solar cell (0.20 cm2) was applied on top of the cell. | What is the value of active area? | 18917 |
{
"answer_start": [
161
],
"text": [
"11.59%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.015 | The measured steady state current density at 300s is 14.5mAcm−2 for the pure TiO2 based device and 16.7mAcm−2 for the Au@SiO2 incorporated cell, giving a PCE of 11.59% and 13.36% for control sample and Au@SiO2 sample, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 10191 |
{
"answer_start": [
317
],
"text": [
"1.89%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.12.051 | The PCE improved to 2.25% for this structure's champion device, with a value of Voc of 0.63 V, a value of Jsc of 5.89 mA/cm2, and a fill factor (FF) of 60.63; in contrast, the reference device prepared without AS treatment exhibited a value of Voc of 0.62 V, a value of Jsc of 5.09 mA/cm2, an FF 59.89%, and a PCE of 1.89%. | What is the value of PCE? | 30606 |
{
"answer_start": [
89
],
"text": [
"gold"
]
} | 10.1039/C5EE02965A | the silicon heterojunction and the perovskite cell in standard configuration with opaque gold electrodes. | What is electrodes? | 31462 |
{
"answer_start": [
294
],
"text": [
"38%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2017.08.052 | The optimized CdSTF-TiO2 achieved a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 14.87 mA/cm2, open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.47 V and fill factor (FF) of 39%, yielding a photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.7%, which is considerably higher than CdSNPs-TiO2 with 3.78 mA/cm2, 0.6 V, FF of 38%, and 0.86% PCE. | What is the value of FF? | 17843 |
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"6"
]
} | 10.1016/j.tet.2013.11.047 | 6μm; active area=0.04cm2). | What material has active area of 0.04cm2? | 34464 |
{
"answer_start": [
173
],
"text": [
"11.0%"
]
} | 10.1039/C9TA04366G | 1b and Table 1 show, the device with the PCBM/ZnO ETL achieved a much higher Voc (0.79 V) compared with the device with the bare PCBM ETL, leading to a PCE improvement from 11.0% to 18.1% and Voc loss reduction from 0.6 V to 0.4 V. | What is the value of PCE? | 9758 |
{
"answer_start": [
66
],
"text": [
"0.64V"
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2010.05.003 | PZn-MT sensitized cell exhibits η=5.55% with Jsc=12.83mAcm−2, Voc=0.64V, and ff=0.68, while PZn-HT sensitized one shows a higher η=5.80% with Jsc=13.71mAcm−2, Voc=0.63V, and ff=0.67, and PZn-EDOT sensitized one yields the highest η=6.47% with Jsc=15.59mAcm−2, Voc=0.64V, and ff=0.65. | What is the value of Voc? | 18736 |
{
"answer_start": [
190
],
"text": [
"14.05mAcm−2"
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.09.063 | Because of the poor electrocatalytic activity of Pt electrode to polysulfide electrolyte, the QDSC assembled with Pt counter electrode display a low η of 2.44% with a Voc of 0.47V, a Jsc of 14.05mAcm−2, and a FF of 0.37. | What is the value of Jsc? | 23741 |
{
"answer_start": [
44
],
"text": [
"Pt"
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2016.01.038 | The JSC, VOC, and FF of the DSSC based on a Pt CE were 16.0mA/cm2, 0.75V, and 0.66, respectively, yielding an overall conversion efficiency of 7.96%. | What material has VOC of 0.75V? | 34879 |
{
"answer_start": [
140
],
"text": [
"6.15%"
]
} | 10.1039/C7TA04245K | The values of Voc, Jsc and fill factor (FF) of the Gd-ILMC based DSC are 0.69 V, 11.73 mA cm−2, and 0.76, respectively, yielding the PCE of 6.15%. | What is the value of PCE? | 31134 |
{
"answer_start": [
180
],
"text": [
"1.03 V"
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.03.139 | The PSC with CsI interface modification achieves a PCE of 15.28% (Jsc= 21.10 mA cm−2, Voc= 1.02 V, FF = 0.71) under forward scanning, and a PCE of 17.10% (Jsc= 21.01 mA cm−2, Voc= 1.03 V, FF = 0.79) under reverse scanning. | What is the value of Voc? | 9571 |
{
"answer_start": [
56
],
"text": [
"1.29%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.09.039 | However, a highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.29% was obtained at 2h and then decreased slowly up to 12h, indicating an increase in dye aggregation with increasing immersion time (, with an increase in the immersion time, the color of the adsorbed dye changed from pale to dark also confirms the increase of dye loading. | What is the value of PCE? | 24863 |
{
"answer_start": [
41
],
"text": [
"0.679 V"
]
} | 10.1039/C4CP04120H | For HD-15, Voc increased from 0.557 V to 0.679 V, upon increasing η% from 7.27 to 9.17. | What is the value of Voc? | 51 |
{
"answer_start": [
184
],
"text": [
"gold"
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA01715K | However, the Jsc and PCE of the device fabricated with I-CSCNT and spiro-OMeTAD were still lower than that of standard PSCs fabricated with spin-coated spiro-OMeTAD and the evaporated gold back contact (14.76%), probably because of the relatively low conductivity and reflectivity of the I-CSCNT back contact as compared to the Au electrode. | What is electrode? | 33932 |
{
"answer_start": [
40
],
"text": [
"0.61 V"
]
} | 10.1039/C2JM00005A | The highest efficiency was 4.35% (VOC = 0.61 V, JSC = 14.79 mA cm−2, and FF = 0.48), about 114.2% higher than the DSSC without any treatment and 19.2% higher than the sample with only chemical treatment. | What is the value of VOC? | 29036 |
{
"answer_start": [
161
],
"text": [
"0.728 V"
]
} | 10.1016/j.cej.2013.02.052 | The relatively high solar to electric conversion eficiency of ∼4.3% with the short-circuit current density (JSC) of ∼8.65 mA/cm2, open circuit voltage (VOC) of ∼0.728 V with high fill factor (FF) of ∼0.68 are achieved by DSSC fabricated with thin film electrode obtained from CH4 as precursor gas. | What is the value of VOC? | 31985 |
{
"answer_start": [
188
],
"text": [
"15.21%"
]
} | 10.1039/C8NR08295B | Compared to the referenced device (16.31%), the typical forward scan PCE of the devices with 0.02 and 0.05 mg mL−1 CQDs increases to 16.99% and 17.66%, respectively, and then decreases to 15.21% for devices with 0.1 mg mL−1 CQD additive. | What is the value of PCE? | 28108 |
{
"answer_start": [
87
],
"text": [
"491"
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2015.10.022 | The maximum absorption peaks for DT1-DT4 on the TiO2 surfaces are at 477, 471, 466 and 491nm, respectively, which are hypsochromic shift of 71, 84, 85 and 57nm respect to those in CH2Cl2 solutions. | What is TiO2? | 24787 |
{
"answer_start": [
185
],
"text": [
"7.80%"
]
} | 10.1039/C8TC03542C | The performance with the dye mix was further increased after engineering the solar cell with ZnO photonic crystals, reaching a VOC of 618 mV, JSC of 18.6 mA cm−2, FF of 0.68 and PCE of 7.80%. | What is the value of PCE? | 21175 |
{
"answer_start": [
197
],
"text": [
"63.0%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.02.017 | Both these trends agree well with the mechanisms expected from “mixed cation effect” described in Section , the maximum efficiency (η) of 7.09% with JSC of 15.75 mA cm−2, VOC of 714.6 mV and FF of 63.0% was obtained for the cell with composite TiO2 NP/NF/NP electrode fabricated using TiO2 NF film with 1.5 μm thickness (20 min electrospinning time). | What is the value of FF? | 4850 |
{
"answer_start": [
220
],
"text": [
"20.8%"
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA08503J | The best device made with X59 (14) doped with FK209 yielded a PCE of 19.8% (JSC = 23.4 mA cm−2, VOC = 1.13, and FF = 0.73), which was comparable to the PCE of the device made with spiro-OMeTAD under the same conditions (20.8%). | What is the value of PCE? | 23827 |
{
"answer_start": [
143
],
"text": [
"7.76%"
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA02755E | 5A(b), an obviously decreased photovoltaic performance was observed with a Jsc of 15.09 mA cm−2, a Voc of 0.737 V, a FF of 69.80% and a PCE of 7.76%. | What is the value of PCE? | 3612 |
{
"answer_start": [
158
],
"text": [
"0.25cm2"
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.03.081 | To realize the reaction, the pH of reagent was adjusted to 10 using NH3·H2O aqueous solution.Mesoporous TiO2 film with a thickness of 10μm and active area of 0.25cm2 synthesized according to our previous report was utilized as a photoanode Photocurrent density-voltage (J-V) curves of the bifacial DSSCs were measured under 100mWcm−2 from a 100W Xenon arc lamp (XQ-500W) by irradiating either front or rear sides. | What is the value of active area? | 8997 |
{
"answer_start": [
190
],
"text": [
"1002 mV"
]
} | 10.1039/C7TC02954C | This suppressed non-radiative recombination should entail an increase in VOC and the VOC of the perovskite solar cell treated with polymer was 1057 mV larger than that of the reference with 1002 mV. | What is the value of VOC? | 18985 |
{
"answer_start": [
106
],
"text": [
"632 mV"
]
} | 10.1039/C7SE00068E | In contrast, using the Co(II/III) redox electrolyte the dye D16 device gave a Jsc of 3.97 mA cm−2, Voc of 632 mV and FF of 0.78, which correspond to an overall conversion efficiency of 2.18%. | What is the value of Voc? | 20701 |
{
"answer_start": [
173
],
"text": [
"9.81mAcm−2"
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.03.232 | However, when Pt was replaced with the Co0.85Se CE, the PCE and Jsc were significantly improved to 8.33% and 16.98mAcm−2 with front irradiation, respectively, and 4.79% and 9.81mAcm−2 with rear irradiation, respectively. | What is the value of Jsc? | 29562 |
{
"answer_start": [
143
],
"text": [
"0.10%"
]
} | 10.1039/C3NJ01345F | The solar cell without SiO2/QD/SiO2 NPs exhibited the Jsc, Voc, fill factor (ff), and efficiency (η) values of 0.28 mA cm−2, 0.57 V, 0.59, and 0.10% respectively. | What is the value of η? | 2305 |
{
"answer_start": [
107
],
"text": [
"D-PBTTT-14"
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2019.02.041 | Moreover, the best performance, exceeding 20%, has been reached for a perovskite solar cell using Cu2O and D-PBTTT-14 as HTM layers. | What is HTM? | 23419 |
{
"answer_start": [
88
],
"text": [
"7.36%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.10.008 | The cell with GD–PEDOT:PSS CEs shows the best performance with a cell efficiency (η) of 7.36%, an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 718 mV, a fill factor (FF) of 0.70, and a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 14.70 mA cm−2; this η is much higher than that of the cell with PEDOT:PSS CE (5.14%). | What is the value of η? | 9267 |
{
"answer_start": [
118
],
"text": [
"0.91 V"
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA06987H | Meanwhile, devices with single deposition of HTM 14 suffer from poor performance, with a JSC of 2.2 mA cm−2, a VOC of 0.91 V, and a fill factor of 48.0%, leading to a low PCE of 0.9%. | What is the value of VOC? | 6398 |
{
"answer_start": [
108
],
"text": [
"2"
]
} | 10.1016/j.cjche.2019.03.034 | The cell with polymer blend electrolyte having 40wt% of imidazole shows that Voc is 659mV, Jsc is 7.96mA·cm−2 and η is 3.04%. | What material has Voc of 659mV? | 37422 |
{
"answer_start": [
304
],
"text": [
"16.0%"
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA06987H | The conductivities of the doped HTMs 45–47 were comparable to the pristine HTM Sp01, but an order of magnitude lower than that of doped HTM Sp01.The utilization of doped HTMs 45–47 with either MAPbI3 or (FAPbI3)0.85/(MAPbBr3)0.15 perovskite absorbers in PSCs led to remarkable PCE achievements exceeding 16.0%, owing to the effective π–π intermolecular interaction of the benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b′:5,6-b′′]trithiophene core, which displays a C3h symmetry whereby three thiophene rings are fused to benzene central ring. | What is the value of PCE? | 15237 |
{
"answer_start": [
41
],
"text": [
"7.49%"
]
} | 10.1039/C3TA13979D | High energy conversion efficiency (η) of 7.49% is achieved for the DSC with prepared Pt-M CE, much higher than that of the cell with conventional Pt CE (6.32%).Hexachloroplatinic acid (H2PtCl6, AR), methylamine solution (30%), and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. | What is the value of η? | 8834 |
{
"answer_start": [
351
],
"text": [
"2.60mAcm−2"
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.10.038 | The evaluation of this dye as TiO2 sensitizer in DSSC, in different conditions has been previously reported, with photovoltaic cell efficiencies of 3.77 % The DSSC prepared using dye 4a exhibited low photovoltaic performance with an efficiency of 0.95 %, due to the inefficient electron injection into TiO2 conduction band indicated by the lower JSC (2.60mAcm−2), and slightly less FF (0.69). | What is the value of JSC? | 24714 |
{
"answer_start": [
291
],
"text": [
"0.57V"
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.02.077 | The relatively larger VOC observed in DM1 (0.70V) and DM2 (0.67V) when compared to their corresponding isomers suggests that the methyl unit substitution near donor has possibly reduced the charge recombination by retarding the approach of triiodide (I3−) at the TiO2 surface than dyes MA1 (0.57V), MA2 (0.64V) which has shown lower VOC.To elucidate further the effect of methyl group in DM and MA dyes on the performance of DSSC, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were conducted. | What is the value of VOC? | 9707 |
{
"answer_start": [
251
],
"text": [
"CH3NH3PbI3"
]
} | 10.1039/C9RA01839E | The other photovoltaic parameters for champion device including current density, voltage and fill factor for the cells with HTM were found to be 27.25 mA cm−2, 0.79 V and 42% respectively.The detailed photovoltaic parameters for the PSCs with FTO/ZnO/CH3NH3PbI3/spiro-OMeTAD/Au structure and different deposition methods are summarized in Table 3.In summary, perovskite solar cells were fabricated at a processing temperature of less than 120 °C. | What is perovskite? | 4069 |
{
"answer_start": [
222
],
"text": [
"Pt"
]
} | 10.1016/j.carbon.2017.10.010 | Ta/CoC presents a better graphite crystal phase than that of CoC CE exhibits a better electrocatalytic activity and stability for I3− reduction than the CoC CE acquired a satisfactory PCE of 7.96%, outperforms that of the Pt CE (7.19%). | What material has PCE of 7.19%? | 34926 |
{
"answer_start": [
36
],
"text": [
"12.955mA/cm2"
]
} | 10.1016/j.cap.2013.04.012 | This cell provided the maximum Jsc (12.955mA/cm2) and efficiency (5.913%). | What is the value of Jsc? | 15636 |
{
"answer_start": [
419
],
"text": [
"0.02%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.10.018 | From the preliminary investigations, the OPV device containing 1:1 weight ratio of H-bonded polymer PDFTP/D2 and PCBM showed the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) value of 0.31% with a short-circuit current (Jsc) of 1.9mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.55V, and a fill factor (FF) of 29%, which has a higher PCE value than the corresponding H-donor D2 dye (PCE=0.15%) or H-acceptor PDFTP homopolymer (PCE=0.02%) blended with PCBM in 1:1 weight ratio.In order to overcome the growing global energy needs, extensive researches on environment friendly and renewable sources of energies have been made during the past decade Since conjugated polymers with electron donor-acceptor (D-A) architectures had proved as the highly efficient solar cell polymers that built intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) transitions from the electron donor to acceptor and thus to lower the band gaps of solar cell polymers , a series of symmetrical carbazole-based conjugated dyes (D1–D4) containing carbazole cores functionalized at two different (i.e., 3,6- and 2,7-substituted) positions linked to cyanoacrylic acid termini (as double H-donors) via π-conjugated oligo-thiophenes were synthesized, which were complexed with a side-chain homopolymer (PDFTP) bearing pyridyl pendants (as H-acceptors). | What is the value of PCE? | 537 |
{
"answer_start": [
75
],
"text": [
"0.65 V"
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.03.032 | For the JK2(E1)/SQ1(E1) tandem cell, the Jsc, Voc and η was 15.93 mA cm−2, 0.65 V, and 7.82%, respectively. | What is the value of Voc? | 31875 |
{
"answer_start": [
82
],
"text": [
"1.11V"
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2019.105396 | The device based on molar ratio of 1.3:0.3 exhibits a lower PCE of 15.77%, Voc of 1.11V, Jsc of 21.47mAcm−2 and FF of 66%, which is coincide with many previous works []. | What is the value of Voc? | 3347 |
{
"answer_start": [
152
],
"text": [
"42.60%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.04.067 | However, the mixed dimensional perovskite cells significantly increased the Jsc from 2.30 mA cm−2 to 5.20–14.49 mA cm−2 and increased the FF value from 42.60% to 44.30%–53.90%. | What is the value of FF? | 12370 |
{
"answer_start": [
30
],
"text": [
"6.26%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.06.058 | Further, an impressive PCE of 6.26% was also achieved for a tiny-sized device with 11% Y2O3:Er3+. | What is the value of PCE? | 18950 |
{
"answer_start": [
264
],
"text": [
"15.16%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.10.024 | Control device was fabricated on the bare TiO2 electrode without inclusion of any metal NPs, which demonstrates a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 20.68 mA/cm2, an open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 1.0 V and a fill factor (FF) of 0.731, leading to a PCE of 15.16%. | What is the value of PCE? | 17317 |
{
"answer_start": [
54
],
"text": [
"ZnO"
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.12.113 | Notably, the DSSC incorporating 1.5wt.% Bi2Te3 in the ZnO photoanode demonstrates an energy conversion efficiency (η) of 4.27%, which is 44.3% higher than that of the bare ZnO photoanode. | What material has η of 4.27%? | 37766 |
{
"answer_start": [
395
],
"text": [
"D5"
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2012.02.003 | indicated that raising the energy level of the metal oxide conduction band should reduce the recombination losses and result in high open circuit voltage; and (3) the open-circuit photo-voltage in tests (D2–D7) was increased due to the negative shift (toward vacuum level) of the Fermi-level of the Zn-coated TiO2 (); and (4) the fill factor (FF) of the DSSC with a ZnO-coated electrode in test D5 (65.4%) exceeds that of the conventional DSSC in test D1 (54.3%). | What is electrode? | 24512 |
{
"answer_start": [
134
],
"text": [
"15.32%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2018.05.020 | The best PSCs with the electrode structure of AgAl(3nm)/Au(2nm)/LiF(1nm)/AgAl(100nm) got PCE=17.02%, which is 11.10% higher than PCE (15.32%) of the control cells. | What is the value of PCE? | 21259 |
{
"answer_start": [
100
],
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.04.086 | The photocurrent-voltage (J-V) performance of the DSSCs was carried out by using a solar simulator (100mWcm−2, Oriel 94023A, Newport) with a Keithley 2400 digital source meter. | What is the value of solar? | 9107 |
{
"answer_start": [
88
],
"text": [
"7.41 Ω"
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.02.004 | After sequential CV cycles, the Rs, Rct and Cμ of NiCo2S4 CE are slightly enlarged from 7.41 Ω to 8.71 Ω, 4.42 Ω to 7.47 Ω, and 37.52 μF to 41.12 Ω, respectively. | What is the value of Rs? | 12589 |
{
"answer_start": [
161
],
"text": [
"7.63%"
]
} | 10.1039/C4RA06823H | Ripening of the DSCs occurs and after 7 days, the dependence of η on the halo-substituent is I > Cl ≈ F ≈ Br; the highest η is 3.16% for [Cu(1)(5)]+ compared to 7.63% for N719 (a relative efficiency of 41.4% versus N719 set at 100%). | What is the value of η? | 12573 |
{
"answer_start": [
19
],
"text": [
"0.821 V"
]
} | 10.1016/j.mseb.2010.12.016 | Voc increases from 0.821 V to 0.835 V with the subsequent increasing amount of graphite from 0.00 wt% to 0.02 wt%, and Jsc shows a jump by 40% from 9.03 mA/cm2 to 12.59 mA/cm2 with only 0.01 wt% graphite amount (). | What is the value of Voc? | 25218 |
{
"answer_start": [
67
],
"text": [
"I−/I3-"
]
} | 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01444 | After sealing, the cells were filled on the photocathode side with I−/I3- redox couple-based electrolyte solution put in through a hole (diameter = 1 mm). | What is redox couple? | 8146 |
{
"answer_start": [
100
],
"text": [
"4.57%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.12.084 | The cell using the standard ZnO electrode shows VOC= 0.683 V, JSC= 11.59 mA cm−2, ff= 0.578, and η= 4.57% with 1.08 × 10−7mol cm−2 of the amount of dye. | What is the value of η? | 12506 |
{
"answer_start": [
274
],
"text": [
"6.25%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.04.043 | The solar cell based on dye QX01 with ethylbenzene as the secondary donor group exhibited a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 12.6mAcm−2, an open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 728mV, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.68, generating a power conversion efficient (PCE) of 6.25%. | What is the value of PCE? | 23221 |
{
"answer_start": [
101
],
"text": [
"13.85±0.45%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.015 | With the optimal concentration of 0.3wt % Au@SiO2 incorporation, the average PCE of PSCs enhances to 13.85±0.45% from the reference samples of 12.01±0.44%, which is mainly caused by the improved short circuit current density.Since the seminal studies of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in 2009 [], PSCs have become one of the most promising photovoltaics due to their high efficiency, simple and low cost fabrication process []. | What is the value of PCE? | 7484 |
{
"answer_start": [
110
],
"text": [
"4.87%"
]
} | 10.1039/C7TC04952H | The best PCE data for each chalcogenide NCs are: 1.1% for FeS2, 1.6% for Cu2S, 0.71% for SnS, 0.06% for SnSe, 4.87% for Bi2S3, 6.0% for CZTS, 9.3% for CZTSSe, 9.4% for CZTGeSSe, 7.1% for ACZTSe and 6.3% for CZTGeS. | What is the value of PCE? | 23586 |
{
"answer_start": [
299
],
"text": [
"71.69%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.01.036 | The reference device with Ti:Ca(10:0)-TiO2/FTO (i.e., TiO2-only overlayer) showed a performance with Jsc= 12.49 mA/cm2, Voc= 648 mV, and FF= 68.51%, which leads to a PCE of 5.54%, whereas for the DSSC with Ti:Ca(3:7)-TiO2/FTO, the PCE was increased to 6.48% (Jsc= 13.66 mA/cm2, Voc= 662 mV, and FF= 71.69%). | What is the value of FF? | 28880 |
{
"answer_start": [
174
],
"text": [
"50.52 %"
]
} | 10.1016/j.rinp.2016.11.021 | For the DSSC using pure TiO2 photoanodes, it exhibited a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 19.1 mA.cm−2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.75 V and fill factor (FF) of 50.52 %, yielding an overall power conversion efficiency (η) of about 7.18 %. | What is the value of FF? | 5574 |
{
"answer_start": [
166
],
"text": [
"MAPbI3"
]
} | 10.1039/C7EE01674C | Protection methods should be adopted to reduce the water effect during the practical operation of a PSC.The role of water in the fabrication part is often related to MAPbI3, but more knowledge on other doped perovskites is likewise needed, because recent high-performance PSCs contain Cl−/Br− or are doped with FA+. | What is perovskite? | 19778 |
{
"answer_start": [
13
],
"text": [
"ZnO"
]
} | 10.1039/C4CC03352C | Hierarchical ZnO parallelepipeds with thicknesses of around 300–500 nm were prepared from the decomposition of a MOF-5 precursor, and then were used as an effective scattering layer in the bilayer photoanodes of DSSCs, resulting in a remarkable enhancement in cell performance. | What is photoanode? | 14205 |
{
"answer_start": [
68
],
"text": [
"0.25 cm2"
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.06.005 | After drying in air the substrates were screen printed (active area 0.25 cm2) with a 40 wt% (90 wt% terpineol and 10 wt% ethylcellulose)-diluted TiO2-paste (Dyesol DSL 18 NR-T). | What is the value of active area? | 1001 |
{
"answer_start": [
120
],
"text": [
"CH3NH3PbI3-x(SCN)x"
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.11.070 | This can explain the stability difference of the reference PSC and NaSCN/KSCN-PSCs.In summary, the planar PSCs based on CH3NH3PbI3-x(SCN)x perovskite layer and TiO2 electron transport layer have been fabricated by low-temperature process in ambient air. | What is perovskite? | 28619 |
{
"answer_start": [
138
],
"text": [
"16.7%"
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA07004C | At 500 nm, 600 nm, and 800 nm thicknesses, η reached 16.1%, 16.6%, and 16.0%, respectively, during the forward scan; it reached values of 16.7%, 17.1%, and 16.8%, respectively, during the reverse scan.Fig. | What is the value of η? | 22126 |
{
"answer_start": [
170
],
"text": [
"5.42%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2019.04.032 | The Fermi level of the compound semiconductor at the SrTiO3 deposition site increased, resulting in an increase of the VOC=0.82V and JSC=15.31mAcm−2, to achieve the η of 5.42% (). | What is the value of η? | 18113 |
{
"answer_start": [
113
],
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
]
} | 10.1016/j.matlet.2015.09.019 | The current–voltage (J–V) characteristics of the DSCs were attained under 1 sun illumination conditions (AM1.5G, 100 mW/cm2) with a Newport (USA) solar simulator (300-W Xe source) and a Keithley 2400 source meter. | What is the value of illumination? | 21919 |
{
"answer_start": [
138
],
"text": [
"1.10 V"
]
} | 10.1039/C9TA02389E | However, reference device E with an opaque Ag (100 nm) electrode and PEAI-treated perovskite layer achieved a PCE of 21.34% with a VOC of 1.10 V, JSC of 24.22 mA cm−2, and FF of 80.44%. | What is the value of VOC? | 6443 |
{
"answer_start": [
73
],
"text": [
"12"
]
} | 10.1016/j.tsf.2010.08.045 | The substrate was then baked at 450 °C to fabricate TiO2 layers of about 12 μm thickness. | What is TiO2? | 22434 |
{
"answer_start": [
56
],
"text": [
"20.46%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.02.070 | The optimized device with CsPbBr3 NPs exhibits a PCE of 20.46% with negligible hysteresis and good stability.The Cs−oleate solution was synthesized by Cs2CO3 (0.814g, Sigma-Aldrich), 30mL octadecene (ODE, 90%, Alfa Aesar) and 2.5mL oleic acid (OA, 90%, Alfa Aesar) in a 100mL flask. | What is the value of PCE? | 1980 |
{
"answer_start": [
468
],
"text": [
"tBP"
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.08.128 | Then this perovskite precursor solution was spin-coated on the TiO2 ETL at 4000rpm for 30s (acceleration 4000rpms−1), and 200μL chlorobenezene (CB) at the sixth second was dropped on the spinning substrate, which was followed by sintering 100°C for 10min on the hot plate.The HTL solution was prepared by dissolving 72.3mg 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9-spirobifluorene (sprio-OMeTAD) into 1mL CB, followed by adding 28.8μL 4-tert-butylpyridine (tBP) and 17.5μL Li-TFSI/acetonitrile (520mgmL−1). | What is HTL? | 19699 |
{
"answer_start": [
22
],
"text": [
"20.41mAcm−2"
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.10.013 | As a result, a Jsc of 20.41mAcm−2, Voc of 0.699V, FF of 72.55%, and a PCE 10.35% were obtained () under one sun light intensity at AM 1.5G condition. | What is the value of Jsc? | 33999 |
{
"answer_start": [
187
],
"text": [
"4.06%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.07.122 | It is noted that the 814% enhancement of PCE in s-DSCs is much higher than 27% enhancement of PCE in the liquid-state DSCs (l-DSCs) with the same compact layer thickness of 85 nm (PCE of 4.06%). | What is the value of PCE? | 3978 |
{
"answer_start": [
101
],
"text": [
"100mW/cm2"
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.10.016 | The J–V characteristics were recorded by using a Keithley 2400 source meter under simulated AM 1.5G (100mW/cm2) illumination with a solar light simulator (Oriel, Model: 91192). | What is the value of illumination? | 13284 |
{
"answer_start": [
5
],
"text": [
"TiO2"
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.05.089 | Cell-TiO2-S reveals a Voc of 0.901 V, a Jsc of 7.21 mA cm−2 and a η of 4.66%, whereas Cell-TiO2-P presents a Voc of 0.842 V, a Jsc of 10.23 mA cm−2 and a η of 6.29%. | What material has η of 4.66%? | 37138 |
{
"answer_start": [
91
],
"text": [
"950 mV"
]
} | 10.1039/C0JM02433C | Moreover, under all solid-state conditions, the LJB-Fo dye gives Jsc = 7.75 mA cm−2, Voc = 950 mV, and FF = 0.62, corresponding to an overall η = 4.53%. | What is the value of Voc? | 31417 |
{
"answer_start": [
93
],
"text": [
"10.28%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2019.05.073 | In contrast, the device without CTAB only presented 10.21% PCE in the reverse scan curve and 10.28% in the forward scan curve. | What is the value of PCE? | 7170 |
{
"answer_start": [
165
],
"text": [
"ITO"
]
} | 10.1039/C1DT10832H | Interestingly, the light-harvesting abilities of 22 have been effectively exploited in a plastic DSC with a photoanode prepared from a binder-free TiO2 paste and an ITO-coated polyethylene naphthalate substrate, reaching an efficiency of 6.3%.Fig. | What is substrate? | 27408 |
{
"answer_start": [
28
],
"text": [
"0.25 cm2"
]
} | 10.1016/j.jssc.2016.03.025 | The active area of DSSCs is 0.25 cm2.The structure, phase purity of the synthesized materials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns using a X-ray diffractometer (Rigaku, Mini Flex II, Japan) using Cu Kα radiation with λ=0.15406 nm at a scan rate of 3 °/min. | What is the value of active area? | 9931 |
{
"answer_start": [
253
],
"text": [
"656mV"
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.04.088 | It is also interesting to note that there is a synergistic effect between TBP and NMBI on Voc: cell N17 contains a 1:1 TBP:NMBI molar ratio (xTBP=0.5) and its Voc is 683mV, higher than those of the cells containing the two additives separately (668 and 656mV, respectively); however, Jsc is quite low (11.6mAcm−2), and the resulting efficiency is lower than that of cell N18.From these experiments, it seems that the best option is to employ only TBP as Voc-improver additive, since, compared to NMBI, it leads to a minor decrease in photocurrent. | What is the value of Voc? | 10290 |
{
"answer_start": [
80
],
"text": [
"9.36%"
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.04.151 | In addition, the DSSCs based Re-Pt3Ni/CN electrode achieved an excellent PCE of 9.36%, much higher than that of pure Pt CE (PCE=7.33%). | What is the value of PCE? | 4881 |
{
"answer_start": [
96
],
"text": [
"5"
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2007.03.009 | 11) and found that the JSC, VOC and fill factor (FF) were higher for the latter (0.34 mA/cm2, 0.585 V, and 0.587) when compared to the former (0.31 mA/cm2, 0.463 V, and 0.483) (). | What material has VOC of 0.585 V? | 36758 |