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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Alma Dawson'
Alma Dawson is an American scholar of | Alma Dawson is an American scholar of librarianship. She retired as Russell B. Long Professor at the School of Library & Information Science, Louisiana State University in 2014 and was awarded Emeritus status in 2015. In 2019 Dr. Dawson was honored with the Essae Martha Culver Distinguished Service Award from the Louisiana Library Association which honors a librarian whose professional service and achievements, whose leadership in Louisiana association work, and whose lifetime accomplishments in a field of librarianship within the state merit recognition of particular value to Louisiana librarianship. Dawson earned the B.S. degree from Grambling State University in secondary education and taught in the Natchitoches Parish School System. She earned the master's degree in library and information science from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. She then worked as a librarian at Prairie View A&M University. In 1982 she joined the Louisiana State University Libraries faculty as the library and information science librarian.
She earned the PhD in Library Science and Higher Education from the Texas Woman's University in 1996 and joined the faculty of the School of Library and Information Science at Louisiana State University where she was promoted through the academic ranks to the named professorship: Russell B. Long Professor. | wiki-intro | 0 | 19.566994 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Feedback (EP)'
Feedback is an EP by Canadian rock | Feedback is an EP by Canadian rock band The Paper Kites. The EP was released on February 17, 2017 through Royal Mountain Records.
The Paper Kites are a Canadian rock band formed in 2015 in Toronto. The band consists of vocalist and guitarist Noah Lennox, bassist and backing vocalist Jack Spence, and drummer Aidan Gollinger. | wiki-intro | 1 | 15.541821 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Nantong Zhiyun F.C.'
Nantong Zhiyun Football Club is a | Nantong Zhiyun Football Club is a professional football club based in Nantong, Jiangsu, China. The club was founded in 2006 and played in the Chinese Football League from 2006 to 2009. They were promoted to the Chinese Super League for the 2009 season. The club was relegated to the China League Two for the 2014 season. In 2015, they were promoted back to the Chinese Super League.
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Acacia inophloia, commonly known as fibre-barked wattle, | Acacia inophloia, commonly known as fibre-barked wattle, is a tree or shrub belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Juliflorae that is native to Western Australia. Description
The shrub or tree has tough fibrous bark and typically grows to a height of . The bark is shaggy and stringy on the trunk with minni ritchi style bark of the outer branches. When new shoots form they are viscid and a bright yellow-green colour. The ascending greyish green phyllodes are filiform and gently curved with a length of and a diameter of . It blooms from August to October producing yellow flowers. The simple inflorescences are arranged with one per axil. The flower heads have an obloid to cylindrical shape containing 50 to 76 flowers and are in length with a diameter of . Following flowering linear to slightly curved seed pods form that are up to in length and have a width of containing glossy mottled brown seed with a broadly elliptic or oblong shape and a length of around . | wiki-intro | 0 | 43.572144 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Joseph Edkins'
Joseph Edkins (19 December 1823 – 23 | Joseph Edkins (19 December 1823 – 23 November 1890) was an English chemist and physicist who, with John Dalton, formulated the first theory of chemical reactivity.
Joseph Edkins was born on 19 December 1823 in Northampton, England. He was educated at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, and at Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1854 he became a fellow of Trinity College.
Edkins's early work was in chemistry, but he is best known for his work on the theory of chemical reactivity, which he formulated with John Dalton in 1874. This theory explained the chemical reactions that take place between molecules, and it formed the basis of modern chemistry.
Edkins died on 23 November 1890 in Cambridge. He was buried in the churchyard of St John's Church, Cambridge. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.304543 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Parliamentary Bribery Commission'
The Parliamentary Bribery Commission (known as the | The Parliamentary Bribery Commission (known as the PBC) is an independent body in the United Kingdom that is responsible for investigating allegations of bribery in the Westminster system.
The PBC was established in 2012 following the lobbying of the then Prime Minister, David Cameron, who argued that bribery was a serious problem in UK politics. The PBC is based at Parliament Square in London and has three main roles: to investigate bribery allegations made against members of parliament and their staff, to provide advice to parliamentarians on how to prevent and deal with bribery, and to promote transparency in the Westminster system.
To date, the PBC has investigated 48 cases involving allegations of bribery and corrupt conduct. In 2017, the PBC released its report on the Westminster system and its findings highlighted the need for greater transparency and improved anti-corruption measures. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.45935 | [
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Why men must have a urinal in between them while urinating. Even as a male, I don't understand this little social convention. It's inefficient and makes a long line Explain like I' m five. | > It's inefficient and makes a long line I've never seen men form a line for the bathroom and just ignore an unused urinal. It's a personal space thing. Same way you don't sit right next to a stranger on the bus, if there's an empty seat somewhere else. If we don't leave a urinal in between, somebody might try to sneak a peek! | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 35.678448 | [
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Please explain what is "Facial recognition system" | A facial recognition system is a technology capable of matching a human face from a digital image or a video frame against a database of faces. Such a system is typically employed to authenticate users through ID verification services, and works by pinpointing and measuring facial features from a given image. Development began on similar systems in the 1960s, beginning as a form of computer application. Since their inception, facial recognition systems have seen wider uses in recent times on smartphones and in other forms of technology, such as robotics. Because computerized facial recognition involves the measurement of a human' s physiological characteristics, facial recognition systems are categorized as biometrics. Although the accuracy of facial recognition systems as a biometric technology is lower than iris recognition and fingerprint recognition, it is widely adopted due to its contactless process. Facial recognition systems have been deployed in advanced human– computer interaction, video surveillance and automatic indexing of images. Facial recognition systems are employed throughout the world today by governments and private companies. Their effectiveness varies, and some systems have previously been scrapped because of their ineffectiveness. The use of facial recognition systems has also raised controversy, with claims that the systems violate citizens' privacy, commonly make incorrect identifications, encourage gender norms and racial profiling, and do not protect important biometric data. The appearance of synthetic media such as deepfakes has also raised concerns about its security. These claims have led to the ban of facial recognition systems in several cities in the United States. As a result of growing societal concerns, Meta announced that it plans to shut down Facebook facial recognition system, deleting the face scan data of more than one billion users. This change will represent one of the largest shifts in facial recognition usage in the technology' s history. | hc3-wiki_csai | 0 | 21.073057 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Villa College'
Villa College is a tertiary education and | Villa College is a tertiary education and training institute established by the chairman of Villa Group, Hon. Qasim Ibrahim to offer educational opportunities to Maldivians at an affordable price in the country. With the aim, Villa College began its historic journey on the 28th of January 2007, with the registration of its first institute, Villa Institute of Water Sports followed by the Villa Institute of Information Technology (VIIT) and Villa Institute of Hospitality and Tourism Studies. In 2016 Villa College started to conduct business and management programs in affiliation with University of the West of England. History
Villa College commenced its first program early October 2007 with a total number of twenty students. Since then, the student numbers have grown steadily and today over three thousand students, learning various disciplines, are enrolled. Although Villa College started its operations in October 2007 under the Faculty of Computing and Business Management, all academic courses began in July 2008. | wiki-intro | 0 | 31.510248 | [
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How is China governed? Eg: Who elects/appoints the president? The premier/vice-premier? What are their roles and responsibilities? What is the influence of the Communist Party? The legislature? Other governing bodies? Please explain like I' m five. | China is a Communist State, in name only. It works with a largely rubber stamp legislative body, National People's Congress, who is made up of appointed party loyal members. The President of China is appoint by the NPC as another influential and loyal party member. In some areas the local representatives are elected, but by a pre-approved list of candidates. Lots of decisions are done regionally but with national and party consent. To answer the specific question of the influence of the Communist Party, it is total. There are no legitimate opposition parties with any ability to influence policy. The Party decides everything from the list of candidates, to the winners, to the policies they implement. The Party is the State. Without membership in and compliance with the Party, a citizen has no chance of working in government. However, the Party has allowed some amount of Capitalist activity, raising the question of how much influence monied interests have in the Party. There has been an attempt to crack down on the corruption of Party members. But with so many families of China's ruling elite living in luxury, it's impossible to know how much influence money has on what the Party chooses to do, given the opacity of governance in China. China is an Oligarchy, with this group of people belonging to the Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China more or less controlling the entire country. It's a 4-9 man (currently 7) committee that holds the most important positions in the country. They get chosen during each National Congress of the Communist Party of China (held once every 5 years) and they are selected to be in the committee not because of their ability, but because they belong to the right family and have sucked up to the right people who then tell everyone in the party to vote for them. And also because of seniority. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 16.846378 | [
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Why does the body need blood? About to go to sleep and wondered.... why does the body * need * blood? Please explain like I' m five. | Your cells require oxygen and other nutrients, and blood is the "conveyor belt" that takes those things to the cells. Your blood is the freeway of your body, where delivery men dive around delivering fuel and tools. [Let TMBG explain it] (URL_ 0) tl; dl: Blood is composed of cells that carry oxygen around your body, without which your metabolism would shut down and you would quickly die. Your cells require oxygen to survive, blood delivers oxygen to them. This isn't the only reason but it's the largest function (and most crucial). | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 32.698181 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on '2 Skinnee J's'
2 Skinnee J's (also spelled Two Skinnee | 2 Skinnee J's (also spelled Two Skinnee J's or Too Skinnee J's) is an American hip hop band from Brooklyn, New York, whose music has been categorized as nerdcore and rap rock. The band was founded in 1991 by Special J (vocals), Rabbi J-Slim (vocals), Joey Viturbo (guitar), Sammy B (bass guitar), DJ Casper (keyboards), and Andy Action (drums). With numerous line-up changes, the band was active through the 1990s until 2003, when they officially disbanded. The group recorded several demos, 2 EPs, and 3 studio albums; SuperMercado! on Capricorn Records, Volumizer on Volcano Records, and Sexy Karate on Dolphins vs. Unicorns. The band went through several key membership changes before its breaking up in 2003, although they briefly reunited for reunion tours in 2005, 2008, 2010 and 2012. History
2 Skinnee J's formed in 1991 at Columbia University in New York City. The original line-up was Special J and Rabbi J-Slim (vocals), Joey Viturbo (guitar), Sammy B (bass), DJ Casper (keyboards), and Andy Action (drums). Their first independent release was on cassette, titled 6 Songs for 5 Bucks. They attracted a fan following through heavy touring in their early years. A second cassette release entitled American Heroes, was released in 1994 with the band titled "Too Skinnee J's". Several personnel changes saw original rapper J-Slim bass player Sammy B and guitarist Joey Viturbo part with the band; whilst J Guevara (formerly of Canadian ska band Me Mom and Morgentaler) and Stevie Spice (of Connecticut ska band Spicy Gribblets) were recruited. Former bassist Sammy B rejoined the band in 1995 as a guitarist and using the name King Vitamin. | wiki-intro | 0 | 42.535702 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'CrossfireX'
CrossfireX is a first-person shooter video game | CrossfireX is a first-person shooter video game engine developed by AMD. It was initially showcased at the Game Developers Conference in 2005, and entered beta testing in 2006. CrossfireX is a hardware-accelerated graphics API that allows multiple graphics processors to work together to improve performance.
CrossfireX is based on the original Radeon X1800 XT architecture, and supports DirectX 9, DirectX 10, and DirectX 11. CrossfireX allows a single video card to act as the central processing unit for graphics, displaying images on multiple displays simultaneously.
AMD announced CrossfireX 2.0 during its press conference at the 2016 Game Developers Conference. CrossfireX 2.0 introduces new features such as asynchronous frame pacing, multi-GPU frame rendering, and task blending. | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.902919 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Edgar Herrmann'
Edgar Herrmann (born 20 February 1932) | Edgar Herrmann (born 20 February 1932) is a German-born Kenyan former rally driver. He also competed in sports car racing, driving mainly a Porsche 911. Herrmann notably won the Safari Rally in Kenya both in 1970 and 1971. Sports Illustrated journalist Robert F. Jones described him as "a lean, hard-eyed operator (a resort hotel on the coast at Malindi; a car dealership in Nairobi)" and "a confident, competent man usually trailed by good-looking women." Career
Herrmann drove his Datsun P510 UWTK to fifth place at the 1969 Safari Rally, then known as the East African Safari Rally, after retiring with a Porsche 911 a year earlier. He went on to win the event twice when it became part of the International Championship for Manufacturers (IMC), in 1970 with a Datsun 1600 SSS and in 1971 with a Datsun 240Z. In 1972, he took his 240Z to fifth place. His IMC events outside his home country resulted in retirements, except for a 17th place at the 1971 RAC Rally. | wiki-intro | 0 | 31.055361 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Ray Gun Revival'
Ray Gun Revival (RGR) was a webzine | Ray Gun Revival (RGR) was a webzine of space opera and golden age science fiction. The first issue was published in July 2006. Founded by Johne Cook, L. S. King, and Paul Christian Glenn, who call themselves "Overlords", RGR was inspired in part by the (now defunct) Deep Magic PDF e-zine. Some of the same contributors who worked with Deep Magic now work with RGR. It features short stories and serials, and is known for its lavish, science-fiction-themed cover art. In 2009, Bill Snodgrass of Double Edged Publishing decided to take a step back from publishing fiction and the Overlords announced that the magazine's future was uncertain. This announcement was seen by Jordan Ellinger, RGR contributing author and managing editor of Every Day Fiction. Long a fan of the magazine, Ellinger volunteered to take over publication in a new format under the Every Day Publishing label, subject to the condition that the magazine not publish any work by any member of its staff. He envisioned a new semi-pro magazine that would publish in a weekly format, anchored by at least one pro-author per month. | wiki-intro | 0 | 27.651646 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Bookshare'
Bookshare is an online library of accessible | Bookshare is an online library of accessible ebooks for people with print disabilities, such as visual impairment, severe dyslexia, and cerebral palsy. An initiative of Benetech, a social enterprise organization based in Palo Alto, California, it was founded in 2001 by Jim Fruchterman. Bookshare provides books in DAISY, EPUB, BRF (Braille refreshable format), MP3, and Microsoft Word document formats. Books have been contributed by volunteers, authors, libraries, universities, and publishers. By 2010 more than half of books had been contributed by publishers and by 2020 more than 900 publishers had partnered with Bookshare, contributing to its library of more than 900,000 books. Since 2007, Bookshare has received awards from the U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP), to provide free access for all U.S. students with a qualifying print disability, with the five-year allocation from 2017 to 2022 totaling $42.5 million. Similar programs have been set up in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Bookshare also partners with libraries and blindness organizations around the world. | wiki-intro | 0 | 21.85289 | [
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A Linear diode array is used for | A Linear diode array is used for digitizing x-ray images. The LDA system consists of an array of photodiode modules, The diodes are laminated with a scintillation screen to create x-ray sensitive diodes. The scintillation screen converts the photon energy emitted by the x-ray tube into visible light on the diodes. The diodes produce a voltage when the light energy is received. This voltage is amplified, multiplexed, and converted to a digital signal. Use
One of the unique characteristics of the LDA is that it has an excellent dynamic range. This means that it is capable of generating useful data when x-raying both very thick (tread) and thin (sidewall) sections of a tire simultaneously. However, the human eye is capable of visualizing only a small fraction of the LDA's full dynamic range. To compensate for the limitations of the human eye while still taking advantage of this feature of the LDA, a variety of selectable contrast and brightness enhancing tables are available. | wiki-intro | 0 | 14.436759 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Stephen Randall Harris'
Stephen Randall Harris (1802–1879) was the third | Stephen Randall Harris (1802–1879) was the third mayor of San Francisco from January 1 – October 2, 1852. He was born in Poughkeepsie, New York. After his father was killed in the War of 1812, he went to live with relatives. He was then apprenticed to a surgeon and entered New York's College of Physicians and Surgeons. After graduating in 1826, he began his own practice in New York City, where he lived until 1849. During this time, he earned a good reputation within the medical community there, enabling him to be health commissioner of New York, the surgeon for the Ninth Military Regiment, and as the surgeon for the New York almshouse. He later worked without pay for many hundreds of hours, fighting the cholera epidemic of 1832–1834. He also got his first taste of political life while in private practice.
After moving to California in 1849, he went to the gold mines to pan gold. After panning enough gold to earn money to open a drug store, he moved to San Francisco. He also became involved in politics, first being elected as city alderman, and then to the common council (the city council as it was then known). Dr. Harris fell on hard times, however, when his drugstore was destroyed by fire, and two subsequent drugstores that he established were also destroyed by fire. He returned to the gold fields to pan more gold and then returned to San Francisco to open a fourth drugstore. | wiki-intro | 0 | 13.966825 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Roger R. Bate'
Roger R. Bate (1923–2009) was a brigadier | Roger R. Bate (1923–2009) was a brigadier general in the United States Air Force.
Bate was born on October 11, 1923, in Northfield, Minnesota. After graduating from Northfield High School in 1942, he enlisted in the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) and served in World War II as a bombardier on B-17 Flying Fortress bombers. He received a commission as a second lieutenant in the USAAF in 1945 and was discharged in 1946.
Bate then attended the University of Minnesota where he received a bachelor's degree in political science in 1948 and a master's degree in 1949. He then transferred to the United States Air Force Academy, where he received his commission as a second lieutenant in the Air Force Reserve on September 10, 1949.
He was recalled to active duty on June 1, 1951, and assigned to the 380th Strategic Fighter Squadron of the 92nd Fighter Bomber Wing at Seymour Johnson Air Force Base, North Carolina. He served with the squadron until it was inactivated on December 15, 1952.
He then served with the 4136th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing at RAF Upper Heyford, England until it was inactivated on January 1, 1955. He then served with the 3rd Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron of Tactical Air Command at Osan AB, South Korea until it was inactivated on July 25, 1955.
Bate next attended The George Washington University where he received his master's degree in international relations in 1957. He then returned to Seymour Johnson Air Force | wiki-intro | 1 | 5.556663 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Formula Acceleration 1'
Formula Acceleration 1 (FA1) was a single | Formula Acceleration 1 (FA1) was a single-seater formula racing series that was run in the United Kingdom from 1994 to 1996. The series was organised by the Formula Acceleration 1 Promoters' Association.
The FA1 series was a successor to the British Formula 3 Championship which had been running since 1983. The championship was initially contested over 12 races, but in 1995 it was expanded to 14 races. The series was discontinued after the 1996 season.
The FA1 series was contested over 14 races.
The series featured a mix of Formula 3000 and Formula 1 drivers. The most successful drivers in the series were David Coulthard, Mika Häkkinen, and Eddie Irvine. | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.317291 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Sally McNeil'
Sally McNeil (born 1960) — aka Killer | Sally McNeil (born 1960) — aka Killer Bitch Sally, the Bitches of Queens, and Queen of Mean — is a retired American professional wrestler, referee and color commentator.
McNeil is most famous for her time in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) as a tag team wrestler with her then-husband, Debra McNeil. The team was known as the Killer Bees and they are one of the most successful duos in WWF history, holding the World Tag Team Championship twice (once with Barry Windham and once with Mike Rotunda). They also won the WWF Women's Tag Team Championship twice (with Leilani Kai).
After leaving the WWF, McNeil worked for various other wrestling promotions before retiring in 2003. She has since made occasional appearances on WWE programming, most notably at WrestleMania 33 as a guest referee. | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.505794 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on '2008 Vietnam floods'
The 2008 Vietnam floods affected north and | The 2008 Vietnam floods affected north and central Vietnam, as well as southern parts of the People's Republic of China after three days of heavy raining. The rainfall, which began October 30, is the heaviest in 24 years, a state meteorological official told the Vietnam News Agency, and were the worst floods in Hanoi since 1984. At least 66 in Vietnam and 34 in China have been killed because of the flooding. Overall, 15,000 families evacuated their homes, and almost 100 schools, 100,000 houses, 241,000 hectares of crops, and 25,400 hectares of fish farms were submerged or damaged in the floodwaters. Vietnam
The floods killed a total of 66 people in Vietnam. In Hanoi, 20, including 3 children, were found dead after 13 more bodies were recovered. Up to one meter of water flooded the city's streets, and transportation was halted. Food prices, especially those of meat and vegetables, reached exorbitant highs in the city, as the rains ruined many crops. Schools were closed on November 3, and damage in Hanoi exceeded 3 trillion Vietnamese đồng ($US 177 million). | wiki-intro | 0 | 20.200108 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Jaynes Covered Bridge'
The Jaynes Covered Bridge is a historic | The Jaynes Covered Bridge is a historic covered bridge, carrying Codding Hollow Road across the North Branch Lamoille River in Waterville, Vermont. Built in 1877, it is one of three 19th-century covered bridges in the town, and one of five to span the North Branch Lamoille in a five-mile span. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. Description and history
The Jaynes Covered Bridge stands in northern Waterville, a short way east of Vermont Route 109 on Codding Hill Road. It spans the North Branch Lamoille River, which flows south through the village of Waterville to the main branch of the river further south. The bridge is a single-span queen post truss structure, long and wide, with a roadway width of (one lane). It is covered by a gabled metal roof, and its exterior is finished in vertical board siding which stops short of the eaves. The bridge deck has been replaced by steel I-beams covered with wooden planking, so the trusses now only carry the superstructure. The joints between the truss posts and diagonals have also been reinforced with steel plating. | wiki-intro | 0 | 17.340698 | [
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Inside NASCAR was a television show broadcast | Inside NASCAR was a television show broadcast on Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday, and Sunday during the NASCAR season on Showtime. The show was hosted by Chris Myers while the analysts were Michael Waltrip, Brad Daugherty, Susannah Collins and Kyle Petty who replaced Randy Pemberton who was an analyst during the show's first season in 2010. Petty joined in 2011 as an analyst. The show was a 30-minute show, that had new episodes weekly. After the 2012 season, Showtime announced that they would remove the show from their television schedule for the 2013 season. The show was noted for airing uncensored radio chatters, which is accompanied with analysis on such radio comments (radio chatter highlights are also aired on NASCAR Race Hub under the name of NASCAR Radioactive, although with censorship). A previous show called Inside NASCAR was broadcast on TNN as part of NASCAR on TNN coverage, until CBS (TNN's parent company) lost the rights to NASCAR in late 2000. TNN's version of the show was also occasionally named Inside Winston Cup Racing until 1995. | wiki-intro | 0 | 31.118093 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Marharyta Fefilava'
Marharyta Aljakandrauna Fjafilawa ( also written as | Marharyta Aljakandrauna Fjafilawa ( also written as Marharyta Fefilava; born 31 May 1997) is a Belarusian professional pool player from Minsk, Belarus. Fjafilawa has won a total of 26 Belarusian national women's championships, with an additional three national championships in mixed competitions against both men and women. She is the first player from Belarus to win a medal at the European Pool Championships, a bronze medal in the nine-ball competition in 2015. She also reached the final of the European Girls Championship in 2014, losing 3–6 to Diana Khodjaeva. Fjafilawa is a regular player on the Euro Tour and the Baltic Pool League. In 2017, she became the number one ranked player on the Euro Tour for the first time after winning two Tour events, the Dutch Open and the Portugal Open. In 2019, she reached three finals, bringing her career total to six finals on the Euro Tour. Fjafilawa alongside Yana Shut were the first Belarusian billiard players to receive state funding. | wiki-intro | 0 | 30.728592 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Mike Sparks'
Mike Sparks (born January 11, 1967) is | Mike Sparks (born January 11, 1967) is a Republican member of the Tennessee House of Representatives representing District 49. Sparks is married to his wife Felicia of 31 years and they have two sons. Sparks is a graduate of Smyrna High School, attended Thurman Francis School, Smyrna Middle School, Smyrna West, and David Youree Elementary. His mother is from Edinburgh, Scotland and is father was from Okmulgee, Oklahoma. Sparks' late father was stationed at Sewart Air Force Base which is now much of Smyrna Airport. Career
Sparks was a county commissioner for Rutherford County, Tennessee from 2002 until 2010. Sparks has served on the Smyrna Municipal Planning Committee for 9 years. Sparks has authored three books including Learn The Car Business for Fun & Profit, Learn to Barter & 21 Ways to Increase Your Income and his latest How to Do More with Less During Tough Times.
Sparks is a graduate of Motlow College in Smyrna and Middle Tennessee State University (MTSU), Nashville Auction School, a graduate of CLI Real Estate School, and completed CCIM Institute Commercial Real Estate. | wiki-intro | 0 | 42.28334 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Hip Hop Smithsonian'
The Hip Hop Smithsonian is a compilation | The Hip Hop Smithsonian is a compilation of exhibitions and programs that celebrates the history and influence of hip hop culture. The museum opened on October 21, 2013, in Washington, D.C.
The Hip Hop Smithsonian is an exhibition and program museum that celebrates the history and influence of hip hop culture. It is located in Washington, D.C., on the National Mall. The museum opened on October 21, 2013.
Hip hop is a music genre that emerged in the early 1980s from African-American communities in New York City and elsewhere in North America. It developed as part of a dance culture, and has been labelled a form of street art. The early hip hop artists were often focused on rapping over beats produced by drum machines or DJing. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.856062 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Trans Australia Airlines'
Trans Australia Airlines (TAA), renamed Australian Airlines | Trans Australia Airlines (TAA), renamed Australian Airlines in 1972, was an Australian airline.
TAA was founded in 1936 as Australian National Airways (ANA), and commenced operations in 1937 as a domestic carrier. In 1945, it commenced international services, initially to London and New York City. In 1947, it became the first airline to operate jet aircraft on domestic services in Australia. The airline became known as Trans Australia Airlines in 1972. In 1987, it was purchased by the Australian government, and ceased operations in 1991. | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.489485 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Bill Lamb'
William Henry Lamb (5 January 1889 – | William Henry Lamb (5 January 1889 – 3 October 1966) was an Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Lamb, a defender, was recruited from the Ballarat Football League with South Melbourne's first selection in the 1909 VFL Draft. He made his debut in the 1909 season and played until 1919, when he left to play for Hawthorn. Lamb finished his career with 190 league games and scored 16 goals.
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Frog'
A frog is any member of a | A frog is any member of a diverse group of animals in the order Anura, comprising more than 2,000 species. They are known for their unique vocalization, which is used for communication and to attract mates. Most frogs reside in moist environments near water, but some, such as the green frog, live in drier habitats. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.690208 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Chandmari'
Chandmari is one of the oldest localities | Chandmari is one of the oldest localities of Guwahati, Assam, India. Situated towards the eastern side of the city. It is home to All India Radio, Guwahati centre and a couple of academic institutions such as Holy Childs Convent, Bhaskar Bidyapith Higher Secondary School, Near Guwahati Commerce College Gauhati Commerce College, Assam Engineering Institute to name a few. Many high schools and degree colleges are set up in this area adding to its educational atmosphere. This part of city is also known for its recreational facilities. Bohag Bihu (Rongali Bihu) is regularly organized since 1961 at the A.E.I. playground which is also known as Chandmari Bihutoli by Pub Guwahati Bihu Sanmilan. Durga Puja is also regularly celebrated at Chandmari by the Chandmari Sarbajanin Durga Puja Committee. The neighboring residential areas around Chandmari are Milonpur, Nizarapar, Bamunimaidam, Kannachal, Pub-Sarania, Bhaskar Nagar etc. The area has one of the oldest movie theatres 'Anuradha' showing national and international movies. See also
Patharquerry
Rehabari | wiki-intro | 0 | 64.306274 | [
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The Cape class consists of two escort | The Cape class consists of two escort vessels and a survey ship. The escort vessels are equipped with two helicopter decks and two anti-submarine warfare (ASW) missile launchers. The survey ship is equipped with a helicopter deck, sonar, and a magnetic anomaly detector.
The Cape class was designed as an improved version of the earlier Canberra class. The Cape class was initially designed to replace the Canberra class as the Royal New Zealand Navy's main maintenance ship, but this role was later taken over by the newer Norfolk class. The Cape class has been used in a variety of roles, including escort duties, fisheries patrols, and hydrographic surveys. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.642747 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Omar Hashi Aden'
Omar Hashi Aden (, Arabic: عمر هاشي | Omar Hashi Aden (, Arabic: عمر هاشي عدن) (born December 1, 1934) is a former Jordanian diplomat and politician.
He was born in al-Salt, Jordan, on December 1, 1934. After attending the American University of Beirut and the University of Geneva, he began his career as a diplomat in the Jordanian Foreign Service in 1963. He served as Jordan's Ambassador to France from 1985 to 1990 and to the United States from 1990 to 1993. From 1993 to 1997 he served as Secretary-General of the Arab League. Aden served as Prime Minister of Jordan from 1997 to 1999. He retired from active politics in 2000. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.837648 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Jane Wales'
Jane Wales (born 1948) is an American | Jane Wales (born 1948) is an American non-profit executive and former US government official who has served on the boards of directors of and founded many institutions. She is the Vice President of the Aspen Institute, and was the CEO of the World Affairs Council of Northern California for 20 years before resigning in 2019. She was also the founder and CEO of the Global Philanthropy Forum, She helped found the African Philanthropy Forum and the Brazilian Philanthropy Forum, and was the initial Executive Director of the Elders. Moreover, she advises many philanthropists, chairs the board of the non-profit consultancy FSG, and is a member of the board of the Center for a New American Security and OpenCorporates. She serves on the advisory boards of the Generosity Commission and the Stanley Foundation. Her articles have appeared in The Guardian, the Stanford Social Science Review, Aspen Ideas Magazine and other publications. She is frequently interviewed on national security and economic development issues on television and public radio. Wales previously hosted the NPR interview show and podcast "WorldAffairs", produced in association with KQED-FM and aired by participating NPR stations across the country. The show currently has rotating hosts, notably broadcast journalist Ray Suarez, formerly of the PBS NewsHour. | wiki-intro | 0 | 16.837675 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Main Course'
Main Course, released in 1975 for the | Main Course, released in 1975 for the Commodore 64, is a computer game developed by Peter Molyneux and released by his company Bullfrog Productions.
The game is a strategy simulation in which the player controls a medieval-themed kingdom, managing resources and training units to build up an army in order to defeat the enemy king. The game was praised for its innovative gameplay, and has been described as one of the most influential games of all time.
Bullfrog Productions was founded in 1987 by Peter Molyneux and David Levy. Molyneux had previously worked on several titles for Infocom, including the game Dungeon. Bullfrog's first game, Populous, was released in 1990. | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.803647 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'The Eddie'
"The Eddie" is a big wave surfing | "The Eddie" is a big wave surfing event that takes place in the North Shore of Oahu, Hawaii. The event is organized by the North Shore Surf Club and has been taking place since 1966. The Eddie features a variety of big wave surfing disciplines, including Mavericks, Backdoor, and tubes. In recent years, the event has also featured a contest to see who can ride the biggest wave. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.557321 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Maha Harada'
is a Japanese writer. She has won | is a Japanese writer. She has won the Japan Love Story Grand Prize, the Yamamoto Shūgorō Prize, and the Nitta Jiro Literature Prize, she has been nominated multiple times for the Naoki Prize, and several of her novels have been adapted for film and television. Early life and education
Harada was born in 1962 in Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan. Her father, a seller of art books and encyclopedias, moved the family to Okayama, where Harada experienced bullying from her school classmates and started writing stories to combat her isolation. She graduated from high school in Okayama and entered Kwansei Gakuin University to study German literature, but later changed her focus and graduated with a degree in Japanese literature. After graduation she worked as a graphic designer and married her husband, then worked in a series of art direction and curation jobs, including five years at the Japanese conglomerate Itochu, while also attending graduate school in art history at Waseda University. Harada subsequently worked as an art curator for the Mori Art Museum, including a collaboration with the Museum of Modern Art, but left in 2002 to work as a freelance art curator. | wiki-intro | 0 | 15.185431 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Montario Hardesty'
Montario Hardesty (born February 1, 1987), is | Montario Hardesty (born February 1, 1987), is an American football coach and former player. He is currently the running backs coach at the University of South Carolina. Hardesty played college football at the University of Tennessee, where he amassed fewer than 400 yards in each of his first four seasons before breaking out with 1345 yards and 13 rushing touchdowns in 2009. In 2015, Hardesty became the running backs coach and special teams coordinator for Norfolk State University. He was the wide receivers coach for the Charlotte 49ers football program from 2019-2020. High school career
Hardesty played football at New Bern High School. As a senior in 2004, he rushed for 2,002 yards on 272 carries. He had 19 rushing touchdowns. He was considered a four-star recruit and ranked 100th on the Rivals.com's list of the top 100 players in the class of 2005. He was recruited as an "athlete", with the potential to play both running back and safety. He was recruited and offered a scholarship by the University of Nebraska, University of North Carolina, North Carolina State University, Notre Dame, Ohio State University, University of South Carolina, and Virginia Tech. However, he chose to play for Tennessee. | wiki-intro | 0 | 8.776978 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Mädchen, Mädchen'
Mädchen, Mädchen (English: Girls, Girls), also known | Mädchen, Mädchen (English: Girls, Girls), also known as Girls on Top, is a 2001 German film directed by Dennis Gansel. Its story is about an eighteen-year-old girl named Inken (Diana Amft), who is frustrated at not having had an orgasm yet with her boyfriend. Her two best friends are Vicky (Felicitas Woll), who is in the same situation as Inken, and the still virgin Lena (Karoline Herfurth). The movie is about the girls' search to find someone to give them an orgasm. The film was followed by a 2004 sequel, Mädchen, Mädchen 2 - Loft oder Liebe. The film had over 1,700,000 admissions in Germany and grossed $233,538 in Russia. Cast
Diana Amft as Inken
Karoline Herfurth as Lena
Felicitas Woll as Victoria
Andreas Christ as Nick
Max Riemelt as Flin
Florian Lukas as Trainer Carsten
Frederic Welter as Tim
Arzu Bazman as Cheyenne
Ulrike Kriener as Ingrid
Martin Reinhold as Dirk
Henning Baum as Trainer Chris
Elyas M'Barek as Dude
Alexandra Schiffer as Julia
Germain Wagner as Gero
Dennis Gansel as The Postman
Josephine Jacob as Tina
Elisabeth Scherer as Lena's Grandmother
Barbara Bauer as Hippie Girl
Florian Weikert Guy at Disco | wiki-intro | 0 | 52.754238 | [
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Why is FIFA considered corrupt? Just wondered since everyone that follows football knows that FIFA is a corrupt organization. Please explain like I' m five. | FIFA, which stands for the Fédération Internationale de Football Association, is the international governing body for soccer, also known as football. It is responsible for organizing and promoting international soccer tournaments, such as the World Cup. There have been allegations of corruption within FIFA for many years. Some people believe that FIFA is corrupt because there have been instances of bribery and fraud involving FIFA officials. For example, in 2015, several high-ranking FIFA officials were arrested and charged with corruption. They were accused of accepting bribes in exchange for awarding contracts for soccer tournaments and other events. It's important to note that not everyone who works for FIFA is corrupt, and there have been efforts to improve the organization's transparency and accountability. However, the allegations of corruption have damaged FIFA's reputation and led many people to view it as a corrupt organization. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 1 | 5.416626 | [
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Australia Why does most of the population appear to be completely concentrated in the southeastern part of the continent? Explain like I' m five. | Australia is a big country with a lot of land, but most of the people live in the southeastern part of the continent because that is where the cities are. The cities are where people work and go to school, and they have a lot of houses and buildings for people to live in. The southeastern part of Australia also has a lot of farms, which grow food for people to eat. The rest of Australia is mostly desert or bushland, which is not a good place for people to live because there is not enough water or other resources. That is why most of the population is concentrated in the southeastern part of the continent. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 1 | 6.987437 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'A Dying Colonialism'
A Dying Colonialism is a 1959 | A Dying Colonialism is a 1959 book by the psychiatrist Frantz Fanon, in which the author provides an account of the Algerian War. The book details cultural and political changes that emerge due to the rejection of French colonial oppression by the Algerian. Issues discussed include the role of women in the liberation struggle, changes to family life, the role of the radio and medicine both as tools of oppression and complicity on one hand as well as tools of freedom and liberation, and Algeria's European minority and their role as potential allies in the conflict. Publication history
The book was originally published in France by Maspero as L'An V de la Révolution Algérienne (Year Five of the Algerian Revolution). It was translated into English in 1965 and published by Monthly Review under the title Studies In A Dying Colonialism, which was shortened to A Dying Colonialism when appearing as a mass-market paperback by Grove Press in 1967. | wiki-intro | 0 | 23.452349 | [
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The IRS scandal and Obama's connection I have seen a lot in other subreddits and on the news concerning this scandal dealing with the IRS but haven't picked up on what exactly is going on. Explain like I' m five. | I'm sorry, but I am not aware of any scandal involving the IRS and President Obama. It is important to be cautious about believing everything you read or hear, especially on the internet or in the news, as it is not uncommon for misinformation or false stories to be circulated. It is always a good idea to fact-check information and seek out credible sources before accepting it as true.
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is a federal agency responsible for administering the tax laws of the United States. Its primary role is to collect taxes and enforce tax laws, as well as to provide taxpayer assistance and education. The IRS operates under the jurisdiction of the Department of the Treasury and is led by a commissioner who is appointed by the President of the United States.
I hope this helps to clarify things. Let me know if you have any other questions. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 1 | 4.893448 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Merlin Olsen'
Merlin Jay Olsen (; September 15, 1940 | Merlin Jay Olsen (; September 15, 1940 – October 14, 1996) was an American actor and comedian. Olsen was known for his roles on the 1970s sitcom All in the Family and its spin-off Archie Bunker's Place, as well as the 1980s sitcom Night Court.
Olsen was born Merlin Jay Olsen in Los Angeles, California, to a Jewish family. He attended Beverly Hills High School. He served in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964, achieving the rank of captain.
Olsen first gained fame as a cast member of the 1970s sitcom All in the Family, where he played the character of Archie Bunker's son-in-law Meathead McNulty. He also appeared in the show's spin-off Archie Bunker's Place, which ran for six seasons from 1978 to 1983. In 1984, Olsen starred in the short-lived sitcom Trapped in Time as Dr. David Larrabee, a doctor who is accidentally sent back to the 1950s.
Olsen also made appearances on several other television programs during the 1970s and 1980s, including Fantasy Island, M*A*S*H, and The Jeffersons. He retired from acting in the early 1990s to focus on his comedy career. Olsen died of a drug overdose at his home in Santa Monica, California, on October 14, 1996. | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.092962 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Close case'
In the law, a close case is | In the law, a close case is a legal term for a case in which the available evidence points overwhelmingly in one direction, indicating that the accused person is guilty. In criminal law, a close case is one in which the prosecutor has a strong case and is likely to win at trial. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.747448 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Giovanni Faber'
Giovanni Faber (or Johann Faber, sometimes also | Giovanni Faber (or Johann Faber, sometimes also known as Fabri or Fabro) (1574–1629) was a German papal doctor, botanist and art collector, originally from Bamberg in Bavaria, who lived in Rome from 1598. He was curator of the Vatican botanical garden, a member and the secretary of the Accademia dei Lincei. He acted throughout his career as a political broker between Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria and Rome. He was a friend of fellow Linceian Galileo Galilei and the German painters in Rome, Johann Rottenhammer and Adam Elsheimer. He has also been credited with inventing the name "microscope". Biography
Johann Faber was born the son of Protestant parents in Bamberg in 1574. When he was one year old, he was orphaned by an epidemic of the plague. He was raised and educated in the Catholic faith by his cousin Philip Schmidt. He studied medicine at the University of Würzburg and graduated in 1597. In order to continue his studies he moved to Rome in 1598, where he worked as a doctor in the hospital of Santo Spirito in Sassia. His practical studies of anatomy proceeded from direct observation of the human body. He later turned exclusively to the study of animal anatomy. In 1600 he was appointed to the chair of Botany and of Anatomy at the Sapienza University of Rome. In the same year he became the director of the Papal botanical garden (now the Orto Botanico dell'Università di Roma "La Sapienza"). | wiki-intro | 0 | 14.687085 | [
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Why do police officers have bullet proof vests for covering vital organs when often times they leave their heads unprotected? I understand that SWAT teams and riot folks have helmets, but what about regular police? Explain like I' m five. | Police officers wear bulletproof vests to protect their vital organs, like their heart and lungs, because those organs are very important for their bodies to function properly. The vests are made of special materials that are designed to stop bullets from penetrating the body and causing injury or death.
However, police officers do not always wear helmets because they can be heavy and uncomfortable, and they might not be practical for all types of police work. In some situations, like when officers are patrolling a neighborhood or responding to a call, a helmet might not be necessary because there is not a high risk of being shot.
In other situations, like when officers are responding to an active shooter or engaging in a high-risk operation, they might wear a helmet to protect their head. Special units like SWAT teams, who are trained to handle high-risk situations, often wear helmets as part of their protective gear.
Overall, police officers try to balance the need for protection with the need to be able to move and respond quickly to different situations. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 1 | 28.854591 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Wildlife of Antarctica'
The wildlife of Antarctica are extremophiles, having | The wildlife of Antarctica are extremophiles, having evolved to live in extreme environments. The Antarctic environment is one of the most inhospitable on Earth, with temperatures averaging -50 degrees Celsius and little to no sunlight. This has led to the evolution of many unique species of animals.
The wildlife of Antarctica is diverse, with over 1,000 species of animals living in the region. The most common animal in Antarctica is the penguin, which numbers in the millions. Other common animals include seals, skuas, lemurs, and rodents. The region is also home to a number of rare and endangered species, including the Southern Right whale, the Emperor penguin, and the Adélie penguin. | wiki-intro | 1 | 5.320987 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Ferrer movement'
The Ferrer school was an early 20th | The Ferrer school was an early 20th century libertarian school inspired by the anarchist pedagogy of Francisco Ferrer. He was a proponent of rationalist, secular education that emphasized reason, dignity, self-reliance, and scientific observation, as opposed to the ecclesiastical and dogmatic standard Spanish curriculum of the period. Ferrer's teachings followed in a tradition of rationalist and romantic education philosophy, and 19th century extragovernment, secular Spanish schools. He was particularly influenced by Paul Robin's orphanage at Cempuis. With this ideal in mind, Ferrer established the Escola Moderna in Barcelona, which ran for five years between 1901 and 1906. Ferrer tried a less dogmatic approach to education that would try to draw out the child's natural powers, though children still received moral indoctrination on social responsibility and the importance of freedom. Ferrer championed practical knowledge over theory, and emphasized experiences and trips over readings. Pupils were free and trusted to direct their own education and attend as they pleased. The school also hosted lectures for adults in the evenings and weekends. It also hosted a printing press to create readings for the school. The press ran its own journal with news from the school and articles from prominent libertarian writers. | wiki-intro | 0 | 35.237923 | [
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what is the attraction of having higher price items in computer games such as CS: GO and DotA 2 Why do people want to spend up to thousands of dollars to buy cosmetic items that have no benefits to gameplay? Please explain like I' m five. | For most its to just say they have it or it "looks cool" In society, at least western society, values are places on the individual. You are treated to be unique and different, and it is heralded as a good thing. So, you, as a human, want to follow that ideal: Be different and unique. A higher price item on a market would mean fewer people would have it, either because they can't afford it or don't want to spend on a virtual cosmetic modification. This means fewer people actually have said item, and so someone who does have a few hundred dollars burning holes in their pockets would see this as an opportunity to be unique, and to stand out from the crowd. I buy skins in games because it makes me enjoy the game more. I used to spend $30-60/month on new games. Now I play a free game and probably spend $10-20/month on skins. It makes me have a bit more fun and I get to support the game I love | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 20.084747 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Herb Magidson'
Herbert A. Magidson (January 7, 1906 – | Herbert A. Magidson (January 7, 1906 – October 8, 1984) was an American mathematician and computer scientist. He is known for his work on the theory of algorithms, especially for the development of the Algorithm Searching Theory, and for his pioneering work on early computer science.
Herbert A. Magidson was born in 1906 in Buffalo, New York. He obtained his bachelor's degree from the University of Buffalo in 1928 and his doctorate from the University of Chicago in 1932. He began his career as a mathematics professor at the University of California, Berkeley in 1932, where he remained until his retirement in 1978.
Magidson's major research interests were in the theory of algorithms, particularly for the development of the Algorithm Searching Theory. His pioneering work on early computer science includes the first systematic analysis of primitive programming languages and the first description of a modern computer system (the UNIVAC I). He also developed new methods for solving combinatorial optimization problems and proved several important results in mathematical analysis.
Herbert Magidson died on October 8, 1984 at the age of 85. | wiki-intro | 1 | 9.010158 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Rogelio Álvarez'
Rogelio Álvarez Hernández (April 18, 1938 – | Rogelio Álvarez Hernández (April 18, 1938 – November 30, 2012) was a Cuban professional baseball player whose career spanned 18 seasons, including parts of two in Major League Baseball with the Cincinnati Reds (1960, 1962). Over his career in the majors, Álvarez batted .211 with two runs, seven hits and two runs batted in (RBIs). Álvarez also played in the minor leagues with the Class-C Yuma Sun Sox (1956), the Class-B Port Arthur Sea Hawks (1956), the Class-B Wenatchee Chiefs (1957), the Class-B Clovis Redlegs (1957), the Triple-A Havana Sugar Kings/Jersey City Jerseys (1958–1961), the Triple-A San Diego Padres (1962–1963, 1965), the Double-A Macon Peaches (1964), the Double-A Knoxville Smokies (1965–1967), the Triple-A Buffalo Bisons (1966), the Double-A Evansville White Sox, the Triple-A Veracruz Aguila (1968–1971), the Triple-A Poza Rica Petroleros (1972) and the Triple-A Yucatán Leones (1973). During his minor league career, he played 1,706 games. He primarily played first base over his career, but also played outfield and pitcher on occasion. Álvarez was a member of the Washington Senators during spring training in 1963 and was expected to be the team's starting first baseman going into the regular season. However, Álvarez, who was born in Pinar del Río, Cuba, was forced to stay in his native country by the Cuban government. This made Álvarez incapable of reporting to the Senators, who trained in Pompano Beach, Florida. He later left the country during unknown circumstances and joined the Pacific Coast League after the Senators returned his contract to the Reds' organization. | wiki-intro | 0 | 11.567651 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Charter 08'
Charter 08 is a manifesto initially signed | Charter 08 is a manifesto initially signed by 303 Chinese dissident intellectuals and human rights activists. It was published on 10 December 2008, the 60th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopting its name and style from the anti-Soviet Charter 77 issued by dissidents in Czechoslovakia. Since its release, more than 10,000 people inside and outside China have signed the charter. After unsuccessful reform efforts in 1989 and 1998 by the Chinese democracy movement, Charter 08 was the first challenge to one-party rule that declared the end of one-party rule to be its goal, and has been described as the first one with a unified strategy. In 2009, one of the authors of Charter 08, Liu Xiaobo, was sentenced to eleven years' imprisonment for "inciting subversion of state power" because of his involvement. A year later, Liu was awarded the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize by the Norwegian Nobel Committee. Seven years later in July 2017, he died of terminal liver cancer in the prison after having been granted medical parole. | wiki-intro | 0 | 16.120909 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Westbrook Church'
Westbrook Church is a non-denominational, Evangelical Christian | Westbrook Church is a non-denominational, Evangelical Christian church in Westbrook, Maine. The current building was erected in 1956 and has a seating capacity of 275 people.
Westbrook Church is a non-denominational, Evangelical Christian church located in Westbrook, Maine. The church was erected in 1956 and has a seating capacity of 275 people. The current building is made of concrete and has an aluminum roof. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.890523 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Pavel Shternberg'
Pavel Karlovich Shternberg (; April 2, 1865 | Pavel Karlovich Shternberg (; April 2, 1865 – February 1, 1920, both dates New Style) was a Russian professor, academic, astronomer, Bolshevik and revolutionary of German decent. Shternberg contributed to the abolition of the Tsarist government by Alexander Kerensky during the February Revolution of 1917. He was an acquaintance of two notable revolutionaries, Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky. Life and career
Pavel Shternberg was born in Oryol, one of eleven children of a railway contractor. His father was a German immigrant and a subject of Duchy of Braunschweig who used to be an oil merchant. He studied mathematics and physics at Moscow University, where he showed exceptional ability in astronomy. His work included processing on the data on Jupiter's Great Red Spot. His significant astronomical contributions include discovery of the planetary perturbations, the measurement of the latitude of the Moscow Astronomical Observatory, and the application of photography to astronomy. The primary subject of his astrophotography was capturing double stars. In 1914, he was appointed a Professor of Moscow University. In 1916, he was appointed head of the Moscow Observatory. | wiki-intro | 0 | 19.641439 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Revolver (T-Pain album)'
Revolver (stylized as REVOLVEЯ), is the fourth | Revolver (stylized as REVOLVEЯ), is the fourth studio album by American R&B singer T-Pain, released through Konvict Muzik, RCA Records and his own label Nappy Boy Entertainment on December 6, 2011. It is his first album released after the dissolution of his previous label, Jive Records. Recording sessions for the album have taken place from 2009 to 2011. T-Pain stated that the two R's in the word, RevolveЯ have been capitalized so that in the middle, it says "evolve", indicating that T-Pain has evolved as an artist, and as a person in the period from Thr33 Ringz up till RevolveЯ. He later stated that the R's were put to show how people can be deceived, and precept incorrectly without looking at the inside of things, and he then said that this will be the scheme of the album. T-Pain announced that the album would be released on December 6 in the United States in an interview with Lady Jade on the F.A.M.E. tour bus, coincidentally this is the same release date of his first album, Rappa Ternt Sanga back in 2005. At the end of 2009, and throughout the early part of 2010, several singles were released from the album; however, the poor chart performance of these songs caused them to re-dubbed as promotional singles. | wiki-intro | 0 | 21.4659 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on '1991 Iraqi uprisings'
The 1991 Iraqi uprisings were ethnic and | The 1991 Iraqi uprisings were ethnic and sectarian unrest in Iraq that started in January 1991 and continued until December of that year. The unrest was fueled by the ongoing Gulf War, economic problems, and dissatisfaction with the rule of Saddam Hussein.
The uprisings began with protests in the Kurdish-dominated north and spread to other parts of the country. In March 1991, a group of military officers led by General Abdul Karim Kassem attempted to overthrow Saddam Hussein. The uprising was suppressed within a few weeks, and thousands of rebels were executed or imprisoned. In October 1991, a second uprising began in the south, this time led by Shiite religious leaders and supported by Iran. This uprising also failed to overthrow Saddam Hussein, and by December 1991 he had regained control over most of the country. | wiki-intro | 1 | 5.229187 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Christos Papadopoulos'
Christos Papadopoulos (; born May 19, 1982) | Christos Papadopoulos (; born May 19, 1982) is a Greek swimmer, who specialized in breaststroke events. Papadopoulos qualified for the men's 100 m breaststroke at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, representing the host nation Greece. He cleared a FINA B-standard entry time of 1:04.10 from a test event at the Athens Olympic Aquatic Centre. He challenged seven other swimmers on the fourth heat, including four-time Olympian Ratapong Sirisanont (Thailand), who was later disqualified for a false start. He touched out Senegal's Malick Fall to take a third spot by 0.07 of a second in 1:04.43. Papadopoulos failed to advance into the semifinals, as he placed thirty-ninth overall on the first day of preliminaries. At 2002 Balkan Games in Volos he won the gold medal with national record in 200 breaststroke (2.18.70). At the 2005 Mediterranean Games, he took 8th place in 200m breaststroke. Papadopoulos also placed fifth in the men's 200 m breaststroke with a time of 2:11.48 at the World Cup in Berlin, 2005. In 2003 he swam the men's 200m Breastroke in the World Universiade in Daegu, Korea finishing eighth in the B-final. He has broken multiple national records in the breaststroke events and continues to swim to this day. In 1998 Christos won 6th place in the 200m Breastroke at the World Gymnasiade Games in Shanghai. Papadopoulos has been national champion in swimming events between 1998 and 2008 consecutively. Furthermore, he has been a finalist in the men's national OPEN swimming events between 1998-2015. Currently, Papadopoulos takes part in open water marathon and triathlon races and runs a specialised swimming and running store. He was also granted his bachelor's degree in business administration and management at the University of Macedonia, Greece. | wiki-intro | 0 | 22.288485 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Stargate (soundtrack)'
The soundtrack was composed by David Arnold | The soundtrack was composed by David Arnold and played by the Sinfonia of London and conducted by Nicholas Dodd for the 1994 film, Stargate. It was the second motion picture Arnold had composed and the first major motion picture. At the time of Stargate's production, David Arnold had recently started to work in a local video store in London. Once Arnold got the job, he spent several months in a hotel room working on the soundtrack, spending more time rewriting the music and improving it as delays were being created due to film companies trying to get the rights to release the film. The last 30–40 seconds of the track 'Entering The Stargate' was used several times in the Closing Ceremony of the London 2012 Olympic Games as Arnold was the musical director of the event. Other selections of the score, most notably the "Overture" and "Closing Titles intro," were also used in trailers for other films including Waterworld (1995), Jumanji (1995), Independence Day (1996), Dragonheart (1996), The Man in the Iron Mask (1998), Lost in Space (1998), The Mummy (1999), Dungeons & Dragons (2000), The Time Machine (2002), The Polar Express (2004), Chicken Little (2005) and Nim's Island (2008). Track listings | wiki-intro | 0 | 18.691977 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Markus Lupfer'
Markus Lupfer is a German fashion designer | Markus Lupfer is a German fashion designer who is known for his impressive collections of couture and ready-to-wear clothing. He has worked for numerous fashion houses, including Ann Demeulemeester, Dior, and Yves Saint Laurent. Lupfer has been awarded prestigious fashion awards, including the prestigious Coty Award in 2003.
Lupfer was born in Hanover, Germany, in 1968. After completing his schooling at the secondary school in nearby Braunschweig, he studied at the university of Applied Arts in Vienna. He began his fashion career as a designer of men's and women's clothing for Austrian label Kurz & Klassik. In 1997, Lupfer relocated to Paris to work for Ann Demeulemeester. He later served as the head designer for Yves Saint Laurent. In 2010, Lupfer opened his own label, Markus Lupfer. | wiki-intro | 1 | 9.196822 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Levi'
Levi was, according to the Book | Levi was, according to the Book of Genesis, the fourth son of Jacob and his second wife, Bilhah. He is also the founder of the Jewish tribe of Levi.
Levi is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible more than any other individual, and his story is one of the most extensively preserved in the Bible. He is highly significant to Judaism and Christianity, and his story has been retold in a number of works of fiction.
After being born to Jacob and Bilhah, Levi was sold into slavery by his brother Esau to a man named Laban. For twenty years, Levi served Laban and learned how to work with his hands.
One day, while serving Laban, Levi met a woman named Rachel who was being sold by her father. Rachel and Levi fell in love and eloped. When Laban found out about it, he chased them down and demanded that they return to him. Rachel agreed to return, but on one condition: that Levi serve her for another twenty years.
Rachel's father agreed to this condition, and so Levi spent the next twenty years working for Rachel's father as a shepherd. In this way, he also gained enough wealth to buy Rachel back from her father when she was freed from Laban's service. They married and had two sons: Eber (the ancestor of the Israelites) and Peleg (the ancestor of the Perizzites).
After spending another forty years with Rachel, Levi died at the age | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.791545 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Cash Audio'
Cash Audio was an American rock band | Cash Audio was an American rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 2004. The band consisted of vocalist and guitarist Dave Ellefson, bassist and backing vocalist John Moyer, drummer Joey Castillo, and lead guitarist Pat McManus.
Cash Audio released their self-titled debut album in 2006 on Roadrunner Records. The album was produced by Rick Rubin and featured contributions from members of the band Slipknot, Slayer, and Stone Sour. After the release of their debut album, Cash Audio toured with 311, Korn, and Kid Rock.
The band's second album, "Black Market", was released in 2009 on Roadrunner Records. The album was produced by Ellefson and Moyer with additional production by Ross Robinson (Queens of the Stone Age, Deftones). "Black Market" debuted at number 74 on the "Billboard" 200 chart. Cash Audio toured in support of "Black Market" with Mudvayne and Chevelle.
In 2010, Cash Audio disbanded after touring in support of their third album "White Flag".
Cash Audio reunited in 2016 for a one-off show at the Viper Room in Los Angeles. Ellefson stated that the band had been working on new material and would likely tour again in the near future.
Cash Audio was an American rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 2004. The band consisted of vocalist and guitarist Dave Ellefson, bassist and | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.728449 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Metropolis of Derkoi'
The Metropolis of Derkoi is a | The Metropolis of Derkoi is a residential see of the Eastern Orthodox Church subject to the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople and situated in the Istanbul suburb of Yesilköy (historically San Stefano). The cathedral is that of St. Parakevi in Therapia (Tarabya). The metropolitan is a member of the Patriarchal Synod. The present Metropolitan is Apostolos Daniilidis. History
The village of Derkos/Derkoi (modern Durusu or Terkos) is attested since Classical Antiquity, but Emperor Anastasius I (r. 491–518) raised it to the status of a city and rebuilt it as a forward stronghold for the defence of Constantinople. Probably at the same time it was created as an episcopal see ("Bishopric of Derkoi and Chele", Επισκοπή Δέρκων και Χηλής). In the first half of the 6th century, the town and the see were known as a stronghold of the Monophysites. The Monophysite ascetic Zoora took refuge there after the Council of Constantinople (536). | wiki-intro | 0 | 30.604641 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Times of Cyprus'
The Times of Cyprus, also known at | The Times of Cyprus, also known at The Cyprus Times, was an English-language newspaper published in Larnaca, in Cyprus from 1880, following the island becoming a British protectorate in 1878. It was founded by Edward Henry Vizetelly, who also acted as its first editor. Vizetelly had been a war correspondent for the British newspaper The Daily News, and the New York Times. In its early years The Cyprus Times was variously accused by British-based reviewers of being too critical of British colonial rule in Cyprus, primarily because it would berate the British government for not taking full control of the island from the Ottoman Empire, and also being too slight, having more of an interest in racing news than social and political events on the island. Yet the newspaper was a campaigning voice calling for Britain to formally annex of the island from the Ottomans, and published articles claiming that the midway house, whereby Britain administered the island but it remained legally the property of Turkey was resulting in the impoverishment of Cyprus. | wiki-intro | 0 | 26.574493 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Vasantrao Ghatge'
Vasantrao Madhavrao Ghatge (9 May 1916 – | Vasantrao Madhavrao Ghatge (9 May 1916 – 6 September 1987) was an Indian film actor and producer. He is best known for his roles in the Marathi language films of the late 1940s and 1950s.
Vasantrao Ghatge was born on 9 May 1916 in the town of Ratnagiri in the state of Maharashtra, southern India. He studied at the Government Arts College, Kolhapur, before beginning his acting career in Marathi theatre in the early 1940s. He made his film debut in 1942 with the Marathi film "Nagin", and went on to appear in over 150 films over the next decade. He became one of Maharashtra's leading actors, and appeared in several highly successful Marathi films such as "Tum Se Hi" (1949), "Bahu Churnima" (1951), and "Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj" (1954).
In the 1960s, Ghatge began appearing in Hindi films, often playing supporting roles. He produced and acted in a number of Hindi films during this period, including "Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge" (1975), which won him the Filmfare Best Producer Award. He retired from acting in the early 1980s, but continued to work in film production until his death on 6 September 1987.
Vasantrao Ghatge was awarded the Padma Vibhushan, India's second-highest civilian honour, in 1984. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.985919 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'New Deer'
New Deer is a settlement in | New Deer is a settlement in the Canadian province of Manitoba. It is located approximately northeast of the City of Winnipeg, and is situated on the shores of Deer Lake. The population was 226 as of the Canada 2011 Census.
New Deer was founded in 1889 by two brothers, John and James Pritchard, who were seeking to homestead on the eastern shore of Deer Lake. The settlement was initially known as "Pritchardville". The first post office opened in 1890 and was renamed "New Deer" in 1895.
The community is served by the New Deer Airport, which provides scheduled passenger service to Winnipeg with Air Canada Express.
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How do dividend reinvestment purchases work? | Dividend reinvestment is a way for investors to automatically use their dividends to purchase additional shares of the same stock, rather than receiving the dividends as cash. When a company declares a dividend, investors who have chosen dividend reinvestment will see their dividends used to buy additional shares of the stock, rather than being paid out in cash. This can be a useful way for investors to gradually accumulate more shares of a particular stock, without having to make additional cash purchases.Here's how dividend reinvestment works:An investor owns shares of a company that declares a dividend.The investor has chosen to participate in the company's dividend reinvestment plan (DRIP).When the dividend is paid out, the investor's account will be credited with the value of the dividend in cash.Instead of receiving the cash, the investor's account will be used to purchase additional shares of the same stock at the current market price.The investor's account will be updated to reflect the additional shares purchased, and the investor will now own more shares of the stock.It's important to note that dividend reinvestment plans may come with fees and restrictions, so it's a good idea to carefully review the terms and conditions before signing up for a DRIP. Some companies may also offer partial dividend reinvestment, where investors can choose to receive a portion of their dividends in cash and use the remainder to purchase additional shares. Dividend reinvestment is a way for investors to automatically use their dividends to purchase additional shares of the company's stock, rather than receiving the dividends in cash. This can be a convenient way for investors to steadily build their ownership stake in a company without having to constantly make additional purchases on their own.Here's how dividend reinvestment typically works:The company declares a dividend and specifies the amount and the date it will be paid.On the dividend payment date, the company distributes the dividends to its shareholders. If you have elected to participate in the company's dividend reinvestment plan, the dividends will be automatically used to purchase additional shares of the company's stock, rather than being paid to you in cash.The additional shares are added to your account and appear on your statement. The price at which the additional shares are purchased is typically based on the market price of the stock at the time of the dividend payment.It's important to note that dividend reinvestment plans may have fees associated with them, so it's a good idea to carefully review the terms of the plan before electing to participate. In addition, reinvesting dividends may not always be the best strategy for every investor, as it may not be tax-efficient in all cases. It's a good idea to consult with a financial professional before making any decisions about how to handle your dividends. | hc3-finance | 1 | 7.283033 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Aquilino Coppini'
Aquilino Coppini (died 1629) was an Italian | Aquilino Coppini (died 1629) was an Italian musician and lyricist. While in the service of Cardinal Federico Borromeo, he specialized in creating sacred contrafacta of secular madrigals. His contrafacta are of interest for their concentration on Monteverdi's madrigals (especially the third, fourth and fifth books) and for the form in which he treats the poetic text. According to Antonio Delfino, "rather than simply replacing the original text with a liturgical one, he ‘spiritualized’ then through a careful translation which, like an exercise in rhetorical expertise, reproduces the phonemes, accents and rhythms of the secular text." In a letter to Hendrik van den Putten published in Epistolarum libri sex (1613), Coppini says that "the Monteverdi pieces need longer pauses, resting occasionally, allowing retardation, and at times even pressing on. There is in them a wonderful power to move the passions exceedingly." Publications
Musica tolta da i madrigali di Claudio Monteverde, e d'altri autori … e fatta spirituale, a cinque, et sei voci, Milan, 1607
Il secondo libro della musica di Claudio Monteverde, e d'altri autori à 5, Milan, 1608 (lost)
Il terzo libro della musica di Claudio Monteverde a cinque voci fatta spirituale da Aquilino Coppini, Milan, 1609
Ticinense Gymnasio Artis Oratoriae Regij Imperatoris Epistolarum libri sex, Milan, 1613 | wiki-intro | 0 | 47.612404 | [
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Why are there so many personal injury lawyers? Is it that profitable of a business? Also, what happens when the clients lose the case? Explain like I' m five. | Because a lot of people sustain personal injuries. They all need representation. In addition, it is much easier to get clients that way, because clients are not required to pay anything out of pocket. Most personal injury cases are handled on contingency basis making legal representation affordable even for poorest people. Lawyer here! It is incredibly profitable, * if you're good at it. * There are plenty of grinders out there who honestly don't do thrillingly well by attorney standards. But there are many who do quite well. In the U. S., 90% + of all personal injury (PI) cases are taken on a "contingency fee" basis, meaning that the attorney only takes a fee if you win. That fee is usually 33 % of the total recovery, plus expenses. In a * lot * of PI cases and related proceedings, the injured party often has the ability to recover attorney's fees. This puts PI attorneys in a very enviable position — they can take big and small cases and make out like a bandit. If they win a big case, they take a massive cut. If they win a small case, they may be able to recover a "reasonable" fee for their time. (Think $300-$400/hour.) And the whole time, they're pursuing deep-pocket or insured defendants. By way of example, I recently settled a product liability case for $1. 9M. (Horrible fluke accident; a woman lost her husband and suffered nasty burns herself, so I hardly begrudge the money.) That's $600k in his firm's pocket right there, and the whole ordeal went on for about a year. And we were only one part of the puzzle — in products liability cases, you can sue the retailer of the product, the distributor, and all the way up the chain to the manufacturer/designer of the product. And each one of these parties has insurance money behind them. By the end of the day, I estimate that this one accident brought between $2. 5 M and $3 M to that guy's firm. On the other side of the coin, I lost a small-fries $10k case as a young pup. But the other side got fees of $24k or so. In the aggregate, it was probably 2 weeks worth of solid work for him. Yes, yes it is that profitable. For the Ken Nugents and Jackson Masseys of the world, they have a small army of underlings who work for an injured person, and most times the case is settled out of court and the injured person is charged about 33 % of their recovery. In this case, the underling may spend a few hours of work and bring in 10k or more. Then you have the case where someone is hit by a commercial truck or something, think Coca Cola, Sysco Foods, some very large company, they sue, go to court and plaintiff gets awarded 3 Million dollars. Lawyer gets $1M. Plaintiff pays taxes on $3 M, plus $1 M to the lawyer, and is left with less than $1M. If I'd have known how much personal injury attorneys made, I'd have been one. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 27.010729 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Helichrysum melitense'
Helichrysum melitense, the Maltese everlasting, is a | Helichrysum melitense, the Maltese everlasting, is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family. It is endemic to the Maltese Islands, where it grows in dry areas on calcareous soils.
The species was first described by the German botanist Christoph Wilhelm Schonlein in 1810. Its specific epithet is from the Greek words "meli" (meaning honey) and "tenes" (meaning a spike). | wiki-intro | 1 | 14.372945 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'BIIB-104'
BIIB-104, also known as PF-04958242, is a | BIIB-104, also known as PF-04958242, is a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the AMPA receptor (AMPAR), an ionotropic glutamate receptor, which is under development by Pfizer for the treatment of cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia. It was also under development for the treatment of age-related sensorineural hearing loss, but development for this indication was terminated due to insufficient effectiveness. As of July 2018, BIIB-104 is in phase II clinical trials for cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia. BIIB-104 belongs to the biarylpropylsulfonamide group of AMPAR PAMs, which also includes LY-404187, LY-503430, and mibampator (LY-451395) among others. It is described as a "high-impact" AMPAR PAM, unlike so-called "low-impact" AMPAR PAMs like CX-516 and its cogener farampator (CX-691, ORG-24448). In animals, low doses of BIIB-104 have been found to enhance cognition and memory, whereas higher doses produce motor coordination disruptions and convulsions. The same effects, as well as neurotoxicity at higher doses, have been observed with orthosteric and other high-impact allosteric AMPAR activators. | wiki-intro | 0 | 24.669397 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'George Thurber'
George Thurber (Providence, Rhode Island, September 2, | George Thurber (Providence, Rhode Island, September 2, 1894 – New York City, May 12, 1961) was an American author, humorist, and cartoonist. He is best known for his cartoons and for his stories and novels about the Jewish American family of New York City.
Thurber was born in Providence, Rhode Island to Abraham and Sarah Thurber. He was educated at the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts, and then at Columbia University in New York City. Thurber began his career as a cartoonist for the New Yorker magazine in 1925. He became a full-time staff member in 1933 and remained with the magazine until 1957. Thurber wrote stories and novels as well as cartoons for the magazine over the course of his career. His best-known work includes The Catcher in the Rye (1951), The Stories of Oedipus Rex (1951), and The Odd Couple (1962). Thurber was awarded a Pulitzer Prize in 1951 for his story "The Catcher in the Rye." Thurber died of a heart attack in 1961. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.520205 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Pearlfishers (band)'
The Pearlfishers are a Scottish, Glasgow-based rock | The Pearlfishers are a Scottish, Glasgow-based rock band formed in 2001. The band consists of Martin Doherty (vocals, guitar), James Paterson (guitar), Maurice McGowan (bass) and Billy McKinnon (drums).
The Pearlfishers are known for their energetic live performances, as well as their eclectic mix of rock and pop styles. They have released three studio albums: "Pearlfishers" (2002), "Laugh and the World Breaks" (2004), and "The Distance" (2007). The band has also released two singles, "The Tide" (2002) and "I Believe in a Thing Called Love" (2003). | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.184026 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'How Time Flys'
How Time Flys is a comedy album | How Time Flys is a comedy album by American stand-up comedian Louis C.K. The album was released on November 17, 2002, by Comedy Central Records. It was recorded at the Gotham Comedy Club in New York City on October 12 and 13, 2002.
The album was well received by critics, who praised its humor and C.K.'s stand-up skills. It reached number 73 on the "Billboard" 200 chart and has been certified gold by the RIAA.
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Superior colliculus'
The superior colliculus (Latin for upper hill) | The superior colliculus (Latin for upper hill) is a structure lying on the roof of the mammalian midbrain. In non-mammalian vertebrates, the homologous structure is known as the optic tectum, or optic lobe. The adjective form tectal is commonly used for both structures. In mammals, the superior colliculus forms a major component of the midbrain. It is a paired structure and together with the paired inferior colliculi forms the corpora quadrigemina. The superior colliculus is a layered structure, with a pattern that is similar to all mammals. The layers can be grouped into the superficial layers (stratum opticum and above) and the deeper remaining layers. Neurons in the superficial layers receive direct input from the retina and respond almost exclusively to visual stimuli. Many neurons in the deeper layers also respond to other modalities, and some respond to stimuli in multiple modalities. The deeper layers also contain a population of motor-related neurons, capable of activating eye movements as well as other responses. In other vertebrates the number of layers in the homologous optic tectum varies. | wiki-intro | 0 | 15.284196 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Protecteur-class auxiliary vessel'
The Protecteur class (formerly known as the | The Protecteur class (formerly known as the Queenston class) of naval auxiliaries for the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) began as the Joint Support Ship Project, a Government of Canada procurement project for the RCN that is part of the National Shipbuilding Procurement Strategy. It will see the RCN acquire two multi-role vessels to replace the earlier auxiliary oiler replenishment vessels that were operated by the RCN. The project has suffered from considerable delays. Originally announced in 2004, a contract for the construction of these ships was to have been signed in 2009, which would have seen the first vessel available for operational service in 2012. In 2010 the federal government grouped the Joint Support Ship Project under the National Shipbuilding Procurement Strategy, which was finalized in October 2011. While initial construction work on modules for the lead vessel began in 2018, a formal contract for the construction of both ships was only signed in June 2020. | wiki-intro | 0 | 17.291502 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'History of Nottingham'
This article is about the history of | This article is about the history of Nottingham, a city in the East Midlands of England. It is split into three main sections: the pre-history and Roman era; the medieval and Tudor periods; and the modern era.
Nottingham is one of the oldest cities in England, with archaeological evidence dating back to before the Iron Age. The city has a long and varied history, from its origins as a small Roman settlement at the confluence of the Trent and Derwent rivers to its later emergence as one of England's leading industrial centres.
The city was known in Anglo-Saxon times as "Nantwic" or "Hantwic", meaning "the settlement of the people known as Hants". Nottingham rose to prominence during the Middle Ages as an agricultural trading centre, and became a county town in 1173. Nottingham's importance as a trade hub was enhanced by its location on the River Trent and later on the River Ouse, both of which provided convenient routes into Central England. In 1573, Nottingham was elevated to a Free Borough by Elizabeth I, during which time it became one of the most prosperous cities in England.
Nottingham experienced a decline in economic fortunes in the late 19th century following the closure of its mills, but has since experienced a resurgence due to its role as a major centre for information technology and engineering. The city has played an important role in British culture, particularly in music – most notably with The Who and Pink Floyd – and film. Nottingham is | wiki-intro | 1 | 9.107768 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'John Gurche'
John Gurche is an American artist known | John Gurche is an American artist known for his sculpture and installation work. He was born in 1951 in Cincinnati, Ohio. Gurche studied at the University of Cincinnati, receiving a BFA in 1972. He has exhibited his work internationally, including at the Whitney Museum of American Art, the Museum of Modern Art (New York), and the Tate Gallery (London). In 2004, Gurche was awarded the Pollock-Krasner Foundation Award. | wiki-intro | 1 | 9.467715 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Robert Goddard (novelist)'
Robert William Goddard (born 13 November 1954 | Robert William Goddard (born 13 November 1954 in Fareham, Hampshire) is an English novelist. Life and career
Goddard was educated at Bathampton County Primary School then Wallisdean County Junior School and Price's Grammar School in Fareham before going on to study history at Peterhouse at the University of Cambridge. After unsuccessful attempts at careers in both journalism and teaching, he worked for a time as an educational administrator in Devon before becoming a full-time novelist. His thrillers usually have a historical element and settings in provincial English towns and cities, and many plot twists. They usually involve the lead character gradually uncovering a secret or conspiracy which has long been kept secret, by means of historical documents such as diaries or by means of word-of-mouth accounts that have been handed down from one person to another. Goddard's first novel, Past Caring, was published in 1986. He has since written more than twenty novels; the majority have been Sunday Times Top Ten best-sellers in the UK. | wiki-intro | 0 | 19.734455 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Valasaravakkam'
Valasaravakkam is a neighbourhood in the Chennai | Valasaravakkam is a neighbourhood in the Chennai district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and a residential suburb of the city of Chennai. It is located in the Poonamallee Taluk at a distance of approximately 15 kilometres from the Kilometer Zero stone. Valasaravakkam lies on the Arcot Road, one of Chennai's arterial roads. It is under the Maduravoyal election constituency. In October, 2011 Valasaravakkam Municipality ceased to exist and the area became part of Chennai Corporation as Ward Nos 149 and 152 (Zone XI), Southern Region, Corporation of Chennai. As of 2011, the town had a population of 47,378.
Famous Sivan temple is in Kesavardhini. History
The first planned residential colonies in Valasaravakkam made their appearance during the Second World War. Prior to the war, Valasaravakkam was a small village forming a part of the Saidapet taluk of Chingleput district. Due to its remoteness, development took place at a slow pace until the 1980s. Its strategic location on the Arcot Road has resulted in accelerated growth since then. | wiki-intro | 0 | 25.930466 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Chijavadze'
Chijavadze or Chizhavadze (ჩიჟავაძე) were a | Chijavadze or Chizhavadze (ჩიჟავაძე) were a Georgian noble family that rose to prominence in the 16th century.
The Chijavadze family were a Georgian noble family who rose to prominence in the 16th century. The first recorded member of the family was Giorgi Chijavadze, who was a boyar in the service of king Demetrius I (r. 1526-1543). Giorgi's son, Sulkhan-Giorgi Chijavadze, became a powerful feudal lord in western Georgia. He played an important role in the unification of Georgia under the rule of king David IV (r. 1589-1613). Sulkhan-Giorgi's grandson, Ivane Chijavadze, became one of the most powerful nobles in eastern Georgia. Ivane was instrumental in the establishment of the royal government in Tbilisi and played a leading role in the unification of all Georgian kingdoms under the rule of king Erekle II (r. 1614-1668).
The Chijavadze family were influential patrons of Georgian art and culture. They were responsible for the restoration of many churches and monasteries across Georgia and supported the development of Georgian literature and theatre. | wiki-intro | 1 | 10.946544 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Sarah Connor (singer)'
Sarah Connor (born Sarah Marianne Corina Lewe; | Sarah Connor (born Sarah Marianne Corina Lewe; October 28, 1967) is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. Connor first came to prominence in the early 1990s as the lead vocalist for the heavy metal band Pantera. She has since released two solo albums and embarked on a successful solo career. In 2009, Connor starred in the movie Terminator Salvation, which became her highest-grossing film to date. | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.996066 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Cymarron'
Cymarron was an American soft rock band | Cymarron was an American soft rock band formed in 1978 by singer/guitarist Tony MacAlpine and drummer Jeff Pilson.
Cymarron was formed in 1978 by singer/guitarist Tony MacAlpine and drummer Jeff Pilson. The band released its self-titled debut album in 1979 on the independent record label Warner Bros. Records.
The follow-up album, "Cymarron II" (1980), was produced by former Yes guitarist Steve Howe and released on the larger Columbia Records label. The album featured the singles "I'm Coming Home" and "Lady".
In 1981, the band released its third album, "Cymarron III", which spawned the hit single "Yesterday's News". The album also included the song "Dreamer". Cymarron disbanded in 1982.
MacAlpine went on to form the progressive rock band Sky . Pilson joined forces with drummer Mitch Mitchell of Mitchell's Blue Sky Band and formed The Mitchells .
Cymarron reunited in 2006 for a series of shows in the United States, followed by a European tour in 2007. In 2013, Cymarron released its first new album in over 20 years, "Barracuda". | wiki-intro | 1 | 13.026221 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Pholisma arenarium'
Pholisma arenarium is a species of flowering | Pholisma arenarium is a species of flowering plant in the borage family known by several common names, including desert Christmas tree, scaly-stemmed sand plant, and purple sand food. As the name implies, the loaf-like part of the root is edible. It is native to northwestern Mexico, Arizona and southern California, where it grows in many habitat types, including desert, chaparral, and sandy coastal dunes. It is a fleshy perennial herb taking a compact cylindrical or ovate shape up to 20 or 30 centimeters tall above ground, often with part of the stem below the sandy surface. It is a parasitic plant growing on the roots or of various shrubs such as burrobush, Yerba Santa, California croton, rabbitbrush, and ragweeds. As a heterotroph which derives its nutrients from other plants, it lacks chlorophyll and is brownish-gray or whitish in color. There are hairy, glandular, pointed leaves along the surface of the plant. Flowers emerge between them, each roughly one centimeter wide, the rounded corolla lavender to deep or bright purple with a white margin. References | wiki-intro | 0 | 27.525278 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Tzu Chi'
Buddhist Tzu Chi Charity Foundation, known for | Buddhist Tzu Chi Charity Foundation, known for short as the Tzu Chi Foundation , is a Taiwanese international humanitarian and nongovernmental organization (NGO). The foundation has several sub-organizations such as the Tzu Chi International Medical Association (TIMA) and also the Tzu Chi Collegiate Youth Association (Tzu Ching) (. Tzu Chi volunteers and relief workers are mostly recognizable by their blue and white uniforms called, in ; lit. "blue sky, white clouds"). The foundation's work includes medical aid, disaster relief, and environmental work such as recycling. It is operated by a worldwide network of volunteers and employees and has been awarded a special consultative status at the United Nations Economic and Social Council. It has also been appointed as a co-chair of the UN Inter-agency Task Force on Religion and Sustainable Development's Multi-Faith Advisory Council for 2022-2023. The Tzu Chi Foundation was founded by Cheng Yen, a Taiwanese Buddhist nun, or bhikkhuni, in 1966 as a Buddhist humanitarian organization. The organization began as a group of thirty housewives who saved money for needy families. Tzu Chi gradually expanded its services over time, opening a free medical clinic in 1972 and building its first hospital in 1986. The organization underwent a rapid expansion in the late 1980s and early 1990s, coinciding with a surge of popularity in Humanistic Buddhism in Taiwan. In the 1990s the organization started major international disaster relief efforts. Tzu Chi is known for undertaking long-term projects such as building new homes, schools, hospitals, and places of worship (including churches and mosques for non-Buddhists) for victims following a disaster. As of 2013, the organization was estimated at over 10 million members worldwide throughout 47 countries. | wiki-intro | 0 | 19.381006 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Sellwood Riverfront Park'
Sellwood Riverfront Park is a city park | Sellwood Riverfront Park is a city park in Portland, Oregon, United States. The park is bounded by Southwest Morrison Street on the north, the Willamette River on the east, Interstate 5 on the south, and South Waterfront Park on the west.
The park was created in 1925 as a result of a campaign by local businessman and civic leader O.K. Davis. The city purchased the land in 1926 and oversaw its development as a public space. It features a wide variety of recreational activities, including fishing, picnicking, rowing, and walking. It is also home to the Sellwood Bridge, one of the oldest covered bridges in Oregon.
The park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.397413 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Princess Sarvath al-Hassan'
Princess Sarvath al-Hassan (born Sarvath Ikramullah on | Princess Sarvath al-Hassan (born Sarvath Ikramullah on 24 July 1947) is a Jordanian royal and the wife of Prince Hassan bin Talal of Jordan. She was born in Calcutta on 24 July 1947, to a prominent Muslim family of the Indian subcontinent. Family
Her father, the Bhopal-born Ambassador Mohammed Ikramullah, was a senior member of the Indian Civil Service in the Government of British India prior to Partition. He went on to join the Partition Committee of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, later becoming Pakistan's first Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and Ambassador to Canada, France, Portugal and the United Kingdom. His last post was as chairman of the Commonwealth Economic Committee. Sarvath's Bengali mother, the Kolkata-born Begum Shaista Suhrawardy Ikramullah, was a writer and one of Pakistan's first two female members of Parliament. Begum Ikramullah also served as Ambassador to Morocco and several times as a delegate to the United Nations. Princess Savrath has three siblings, including the late Bangladeshi barrister Salma Sobhan and the British-Canadian filmmaker Naz Ikramullah. | wiki-intro | 0 | 21.353373 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Fusion International'
Fusion International is a cooperative of like-minded | Fusion International is a cooperative of like-minded Christian youth and community centres in various countries around the world committed to the same values, principles and vision. Its vision statement is "Bringing young people and communities together with hope". Fusion was originally started in Australia in the early 1960s to help meet the needs of dis-enfranchised young people. Fusion was founded in Australia by Mal Garvin, who retired in 2009 following allegations of sexual misconduct. As a largely volunteer organisation, it broadened its focus in the 1990s to various community needs and at one stage had over 30 centres around Australia. There are currently 15 centres around Australia. In 2003 it began its first centres outside of Australia, with work in England and then Greece. There are now groups of people undertaking Fusion's work in over 15 countries. These include Albania, Canada, England, Ghana, Greece, Nigeria, Poland, South Africa, India, Nepal, Indonesia and Jamaica. Representatives from these different works meet together annually under the umbrella of Fusion International to support and encourage the development of this work. | wiki-intro | 0 | 25.983795 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Mihail Săulescu'
Mihail Săulescu (23 February 1888 – 30 | Mihail Săulescu (23 February 1888 – 30 December 1975) was a Romanian historian and intellectual who played a central role in the development of Romanian historiography. He served as the rector of the University of Bucharest from 1935 to 1944.
Săulescu was born in Botoșani, then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He studied at the University of Vienna, where he was influenced by the historiographer Friedrich Naumann. He returned to Romania in 1909, and became a professor at Bucharest's University of Law in 1921. He served as rector of the university from 1935 to 1944. Săulescu is best known for his work on Romanian history, which focused on the country's medieval and early modern periods. He also wrote extensively on Romanian literature and culture. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.589449 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Amal Mansour'
Amal Murshid Abu Mansour (; 1950 | Amal Murshid Abu Mansour (; 1950 – 31 October 2018) was an Palestinian-Jordanian author and translator to Arabic from English who focused on the genres of education, mathematics, science fiction and science. She had previously worked for the Kuwait Credit and Savings Bank and was secretary for the library of the Executive Office for Occupied Land Affairs in Amman. Mansour was murdered by stabbing in late 2018. Life and career
Mansour was born in 1950, in Shweika, which is located in the Tulkarm municipality of Palestine. She was the daughter of the commerce worker Murshid Abu Salah. Mansour was educated at Tulkarm Primary School before going on to be taught at Al-Asma'i School and completed her secondary education at Al-Adawiya Secondary School for Girls in the West Bank. She graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in English Language and Literature. Mansour first developed an interest in children's literature when she was taken by her school teacher to go to the local municipal library at the age of nine years old. From 1967 to 1974, Mansour worked for the Kuwait Credit and Savings Bank, before moving to Jordan and resided in Amman. She thus became a secretary for the library of the Executive Office for Occupied Land Affairs between 1975 and 1977. Mansour relocated to Baghdad to be employed in Iraq's Culture House Children between 1977 and 1987. She was a contributor to the editing of the children's magazines Al-Muzmar, My Magazine and Science and Technology. | wiki-intro | 0 | 31.142178 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Sevda Dalgıç'
Sevda Dalgıç is a Turkish film and | Sevda Dalgıç is a Turkish film and stage actress, primarily known for her onscreen representation of Ozge in the hit FOX Network TV show Arka Sıradakiler. Sevda Dalgıç made her screen debut with the Turkish teenage high school drama called Arka Sıradakiler (literal translation “those who sit at the rear desks”.) Her reported weight is 53 kg (116.6 lbs.), shoe size 40, height 174 cm (5’ 9”), and eye color is hazel. She was born in Istanbul on February 23, 1984. Although she had dropped out of high school at an early age to support her family, she got enrolled in acting classes at Sadri Alisik Kultur Merkezi Oyunculuk Bolumu (Sadri Alisik Cultural Center Drama Department) later on her life. She studied drama and performing arts for two years at the same school. She is still pursuing an education in advanced acting. Her primary hobbies include, but not limited to, horseback riding, skating, dancing, and playing basketball. She played at her highschool basketball team before dropping out due to financial and family problems. In the 160th episode of Arka Sıradakiler, her character has died. After her departure from the TV show, she acted in the stage drama of a father-son relation and the complications they encountered due to the son being openly gay. The name of the drama is called “Eyvah ogluma bir haller oldu” (literal translation, “Oh something has happened to my son”.) The play generally received positive reviews from critics. Sevda Dalgıç is currently engaged to be married to his longtime boyfriend. Her early career includes jobs as a model, hairdresser, and cashier. She lives with her mother and 9 year old German Sheppard dog called Hera in Istanbul. References | wiki-intro | 0 | 42.360703 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Kanheri Caves'
The Kanheri Caves (Kānherī-guhā [kaːnʱeɾiː ɡuɦaː]) are | The Kanheri Caves (Kānherī-guhā [kaːnʱeɾiː ɡuɦaː]) are a group of caves and rock-cut monuments cut into a massive basalt outcrop in the forests of the Sanjay Gandhi National Park, on the former island of Salsette in the western outskirts of Mumbai, India. They contain Buddhist sculptures and relief carvings, paintings and inscriptions, dating from the 1st century CE to the 10th century CE. Kanheri comes from the Sanskrit Krishnagiri, which means black mountain. The site is on a hillside, and is accessible via rock-cut steps. The cave complex comprises one hundred and nine caves. The oldest are relatively plain and unadorned, in contrast to later caves on the site, and the highly embellished Elephanta Caves of Mumbai. Each cave has a stone plinth that functioned as a bed. A congregation hall with huge stone pillars contains a stupa (a Buddhist shrine). Rock-cut channels above the caves fed rainwater into cisterns, which provided the complex with water. Once the caves were converted to permanent monasteries, their walls were carved with intricate reliefs of Buddha and the Bodhisattvas. Kanheri caves were built in the 1st century and had become an important Buddhist settlement on the Konkan coast by the 3rd century CE. | wiki-intro | 0 | 19.092249 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Battle of Brienne'
The Battle of Brienne (29 January 1814) | The Battle of Brienne (29 January 1814) was fought between French and Prussian forces near Brienne-le-Château, France. The French were led by Marshal Jacques MacDonald, while the Prussians were commanded by General Karl von Clausewitz. The battle resulted in a decisive French victory, which prevented a Prussian advance on Paris.
The Battle of Brienne was fought on a bitterly cold day in January 1814, just days before Napoleon Bonaparte's escape from Elba. The French were led by Marshal Jacques MacDonald and the Prussians by General Karl von Clausewitz. The battle resulted in a decisive French victory, which prevented a Prussian advance on Paris. | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.365213 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Mfiondu Kabengele'
Mfiondu Tshimanga Kabengele (born August 14, 1997) | Mfiondu Tshimanga Kabengele (born August 14, 1997) is a Canadian professional basketball player for the Rio Grande Valley Vipers of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the Florida State Seminoles. He was drafted 27th overall in the 2019 NBA draft by the Brooklyn Nets and immediately traded to the Clippers. College career
Kabengele came to Florida State as an unheralded recruit and redshirted his freshman season. As a redshirt freshman, he played an important role on a team that reached the Elite Eight, averaging 7.2 points and 4.6 rebounds per game. In his sophomore year, Kabengele led the team in scoring with 13.2 points per game along with 5.9 rebounds and 1.5 blocks per game despite not starting a single contest. He was named ACC Sixth Man of the Year. During the NCAA Tournament, Kabengele averaged 17.0 points, 8.0 rebounds, and 2.0 blocks per game. On April 9, 2019, he declared for the NBA draft, thus forgoing his remaining two years of collegiate eligibility. | wiki-intro | 0 | 8.160482 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Orme Dam'
Orme Dam was a proposed storage dam | Orme Dam was a proposed storage dam in the US state of Arizona. The United States Congress approved the Central Arizona Project (CAP) in 1968, which called for the construction of Orme Dam at the confluence of the Salt and Verde Rivers, 18 miles northeast of Phoenix. It would have flooded about 15,000 acres of the Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation, half the Nation's total land area. Backers of the dam believed it was crucial to Arizona's economy. In 1977, US President Jimmy Carter recommended that Orme Dam and two other projects on the Gila River system be removed from the CAP plan because of their negative impacts and cost. However, political pressure from the Arizona congressional delegation, particularly senators Barry Goldwater and Dennis DeConcini and Representative John Rhodes, led to the reconsideration of Orme Dam and alternatives in a multi-million dollar project, the Central Arizona Water Control Study. The controversy led to the creation of the Central Arizona Water Control Study (CAWCS) in 1979 after Secretary of the Interior Cecil D. Andrus requested that the Bureau of Reclamation identify a replacement. In 1980, the CAWCS recommended the removal of any storage units on the Gila River. Recent flooding within the CAWCS area and the Orme Dam problem led to an expansion of the study to include dams for flood control. | wiki-intro | 0 | 21.691086 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Mol (TV series)'
Mol (Eng: Value) is a 2015 Pakistani | Mol (Eng: Value) is a 2015 Pakistani television series based on the story by Faysal Manzoor that airs on Hum TV. It is produced by Momina Duraid under MD Productions. It has Faysal Qureshi, Naveen Waqar and Iqra Aziz in leads. At 16th Lux Style Awards, series receive nomination for Best original soundtrack to Bushra Bilal. Plot
Mol is essentially about balancing the rights of the individual with the demands of society. Shahryar Hassan's (Faysal Qureshi) family insists he marry his much younger cousin Sajal (Iqra Aziz), and in his desperation to escape a union he has absolutely no interest in, he applies for a transfer from Karachi to the provincial but ancient city of Sukkur. As a Deputy Commissioner, he meets Imtiaz Saheb (Munawer Saeed), his subordinate in Sukkur, and asks to learns about the special secrets that every city is said to hold. A chance meeting with Imtiaz Saheb's daughter Emaan, a teacher at a school for special needs children, sets up a chain of events that lead to their marriage. Shahryar's father (Nadeem) and mother (Ismat Zaidi) are reluctant witnesses to the event, leaving immediately after the Nikkah and disowning their son while outright rejecting any connection with Emaan whom they consider an unwelcome usurper of their own choice, Sajal. | wiki-intro | 0 | 42.112305 | [
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Why are coal mine fires allowed to rage on for decades? Is there really no way to stop them from releasing greenhouse gases or salvaging the coal instead of letting it burn? Explain like I' m five. | Coal mine fires can be difficult to extinguish for a variety of reasons. One reason is that the fires can spread deep underground, making it difficult to locate and reach the source of the fire. In addition, the heat and flames from the fire can make it unsafe for people to work near the fire, which can make it difficult to put out. Finally, extinguishing a coal mine fire can be expensive, and it may not always be practical or possible to allocate the necessary resources to do so.
It is possible to try to stop coal mine fires from releasing greenhouse gases, but this can also be challenging. One way to do this is to try to seal off the area where the fire is burning, so that the gases produced by the fire cannot escape into the atmosphere. This can be done by sealing the mine with concrete or other materials, or by building a barrier around the mine. However, these solutions can be expensive and may not always be practical.
In some cases, it may be possible to salvage some of the coal that is burning, but this can also be difficult and may not be worth the cost. For example, if the coal is located deep underground, it may be too expensive to dig it out and transport it to the surface. Additionally, the coal may have been damaged by the heat of the fire, which can make it less valuable.
Overall, extinguishing coal mine fires and stopping them from releasing greenhouse gases can be complex and challenging, and there is not always a simple or straightforward solution. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 1 | 22.343046 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Gary Harrison'
Gary Steven Harrison is an American songwriter. | Gary Steven Harrison is an American songwriter. Career
Harrison began his career in the 1970s and has written over 300 major-label recorded songs including several number-one hits. His songwriting credits include ; "Hey Cinderella" (recorded by Suzy Bogguss); "I Hate Everything" a number-one recording by George Strait); "I Just Wanted You to Know" (recorded by Mark Chesnutt); "I Thought It Was You" (recorded by Doug Stone); "Lying in Love with You" (recorded by Jim Ed Brown and Helen Cornelius); "Strawberry Wine" (with Matraca Berg, recorded by Deana Carter); "Wild Angels" (with Matraca Berg; recorded by Martina McBride); "Wrong Side of Memphis" (with Matraca Berg, recorded by Trisha Yearwood), and "Everybody Knows" recorded by Trisha Yearwood,. Other artists who have recorded his work include Kenny Chesney, Tim McGraw, Kenny Rogers, Patty Loveless, Reba Mcentire, Keith Whitley, John Michael Montgomery, Billy Ray Cyrus, Charley Pride, Anne Murray, Mindy McCready, Diamond Rio, Sammy Kershaw, Emmylou Harris, Ronnie Milsap,Lauren Alaina, Highway 101, Molly Hatchet, Johnny Lee, Collin Raye,Ashley McBryde, Neal McCoy, Easton Corbin, Joe Nichols, Southern Pacific, Bob Welch, Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, Matraca Berg, Pam Tillis, Lorrie Morgan, Clay Walker, Crystal Gayle, Brenda Lee,Breland, B. J. Thomas, Alabama, Michelle Wright, Loverboy, Randy Travis, The Oak Ridge Boys, Conway Twitty, Barbara Mandrell, Lonestar, Steve Wariner, Joe Diffie, Michael Martin Murphey, Marty Balin, Cindy Alexander, Kim Carnes, Henry Gross, Keith Stegall, Shawn Camp, Lee Greenwood, Tim Menzies, Russ Taff, George Canyon, Lindsay Ell, The Kendalls, Chris LeDoux, Sylvia, Mickey Gilley, Eddy Raven, John Conlee, Jo Dee Messina, Bryan White, Boy Howdy, Blaine Larsen, Tammy Cochran, John Berry, The Wreckers, Rick Trevino, Marie Osmond, Eric Heatherly, Pirates of the Mississippi, Chely Wright, Neal Coty, Perfect Stranger, Pinmonkey, Rhett Akins, David Wills, and Robin Lee. | wiki-intro | 0 | 34.457081 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Deolali transit camp'
Deolali transit camp was a British Army | Deolali transit camp was a British Army transit camp in Maharashtra, India. Established in 1861, the camp remained in use throughout the time of the British Raj. It served to house soldiers newly arrived in the country and those awaiting ships to take them to Britain. It also housed a military prison and during the two world wars served as a prisoner of war camp. Conditions in the camp were said to be poor especially for those stationed there for long periods and the term "doolally" became associated with mental illness. The camp was transferred to the Indian army following the independence of India. Transit camp
The camp was located near Deolali, Maharashtra, around north-east of Mumbai. The camp is situated near a prominent conical hill and the Bahula Fort. The British camp was established in 1861 as the Deolali Cantonment and was soon used as a transit camp, particularly for soldiers awaiting return to Britain. It was also used for training and acclimatisation for soldiers newly arrived in British India. New drafts would stay at the camp for up to several weeks carrying out route marches and close order drill to get used to the hotter climate. The camp is described as one of India's hill stations. | wiki-intro | 0 | 25.996262 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Simeon Monument'
The Simeon Monument, also known as the | The Simeon Monument, also known as the Soane Obelisk, the Soane Monument and the Simeon Obelisk, is a stone structure in Market Place, the former site of the market in Reading, Berkshire. It was commissioned by Edward Simeon, a Reading-born merchant who became extremely wealthy as a City of London trader. Edward Simeon's brother John Simeon was a former Member of Parliament for Reading who had lost his seat in the 1802 elections to the parliament of the newly created United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, since which time the family had been engaged in ostentatious spending locally in an effort to gain support among the town's voters. Although street lighting had been installed in Reading in 1797, the system used was one of lamps attached to the sides of buildings and as a consequence open spaces remained unlit. In 1804 Simeon persuaded the Mayor of Reading that it would be of benefit to erect a structure in Market Place, which would serve both to carry lamps to light the area and to improve the flow of traffic in the area, and volunteered to pay for such a structure himself. Simeon commissioned local architect John Soane to design a suitable structure. Soane designed an unusual triangular structure, high and built of Portland stone. It had no official unveiling or opening ceremony, but the stonework was complete by September 1804. The structure was immediately controversial, denounced within weeks of its opening as "a paltry gew-gaw thing without use, or name", built by Simeon to promote himself rather than for the public benefit. In early 1805 Simeon donated an annuity of 3% interest on £1000 to pay for the lamps on the obelisk to be lit in perpetuity. | wiki-intro | 0 | 23.452679 | [
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