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string | text
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string | label
int64 | perplexity
float64 | input_ids
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Sebastes taczanowskii'
Sebastes taczanowskii, the white-edged rockfish, is a | Sebastes taczanowskii, the white-edged rockfish, is a marine fish found in the eastern Pacific Ocean. It reaches a length of 58 cm and can weigh up to 2 kg.
The white-edged rockfish is a marine fish that can be found in the eastern Pacific Ocean. It reaches a length of 58 cm and can weigh up to 2 kg. This fish is known for its distinctive white-edged black and yellow stripe on its body. | wiki-intro | 1 | 4.993598 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Axial Seamount'
Axial Seamount (also Coaxial Seamount or Axial | Axial Seamount (also Coaxial Seamount or Axial Volcano) is a submarine mountain range located on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, extending for approximately 2500 km (1550 miles) from the North Pole to the South Pole. The mountains are a result of the subduction process, in which one tectonic plate slides beneath another. The range is named after its axes, which are perpendicular to the ridge.
The Axial Seamounts are some of the most active volcanoes on Earth. They are also some of the youngest, with several having only recently become active. Many of the volcanoes in the range are still growing, and may reach heights of over 3000 m (10,000 ft). Some of the most famous eruptions from the Axial Seamounts include Mount St. Helens in Washington State and Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.896453 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on '2022 Asia Cup'
The 2022 Asia Cup is scheduled | The 2022 Asia Cup is scheduled to be the 15th edition of the Asia Cup cricket tournament, with the matches being played as Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is) during September 2022 in Sri Lanka. Originally scheduled to be held in September 2020, the tournament was postponed in July 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was then rescheduled to take place in Sri Lanka in June 2021, before being postponed to again. Pakistan were scheduled to host the tournament after retaining the rights to host the 2022 edition. However, in October 2021, the Asian Cricket Council (ACC) announced that Sri Lanka would host the tournament in 2022, with Pakistan hosting the 2023 edition. India are the defending champions. Background
In December 2018, the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) were granted the rights to host the tournament by the Asian Cricket Council (ACC). However, it was unclear if the matches will be played in Pakistan or the United Arab Emirates. After the announcement was made, the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) requested that the PCB change the event's venue due to ongoing security concerns. Pakistan last held a multi-team international tournament in 2008, with the 2008 Asia Cup. Since then, only a handful of international matches have taken place in Pakistan following the 2009 attack on the Sri Lanka national cricket team. | wiki-intro | 0 | 10.528456 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Flag of Réunion'
The flag of Réunion is the flag | The flag of Réunion is the flag of the department of Réunion, France. The region uses the flag of France, the national flag of the country. Although the decentralization of France installed a number of flags of the metropolitan regions, Réunion does not have a separate official flag. However, the Regional Council of Réunion does have a flag. The Vexillological Association of Réunion selected a flag in 2003. It depicts the volcano of la Fournaise, bedecked by gold sunbeams. It was designed in 1974 by Guy Pignolet with help of Jean Finck and Didier Finck who called it Lö Mahavéli but it really started to be promoted once the association chose it in 2003. It does not have official recognition but since 2014, it is flying outside or on top of many public buildings, like at the town halls of Saint-Denis and Saint-Philippe, after several city councils have taken the decision to do so. | wiki-intro | 0 | 27.05382 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Goodbye, Michael'
"Goodbye, Michael" is the twenty-second episode of | "Goodbye, Michael" is the twenty-second episode of the seventh season of the American comedy series The Office and the show's 148th episode overall. It originally aired on NBC in the United States on April 28, 2011. In the episode, Michael prepares to leave for Colorado with Holly and spends his last day in the office saying goodbye to everyone individually, wanting no drama to ensue. Meanwhile, new manager Deangelo and Andy try to keep Michael's biggest clients. The episode was written by series developer and executive producer Greg Daniels and was directed by Paul Feig. It marks the final appearance of Steve Carell as a series regular, having announced he was leaving the series near the end of the sixth season. Additionally, it is also Amy Ryan’s final appearance on the show, although she only provided her voice for the episode. The episode aired in an extended 50-minute timeslot, having originally been meant to be a two-parter combined with the previous episode, "Michael's Last Dundies". The episode featured guest appearances from Will Ferrell and Jack Coleman, and Andy Buckley appeared in a deleted scene. | wiki-intro | 0 | 16.098577 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Callum Mills'
Callum Mills (born 2 April 1997) is | Callum Mills (born 2 April 1997) is an Australian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Melbourne Victory in the A-League.
Mills began his career with Brisbane Roar, making his first-team debut in 2015. He spent two seasons with the club before joining Melbourne Victory in 2018. | wiki-intro | 1 | 4.883929 | [
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What's the actual, non-conspiracy-theory explanation for why World Trade Center 7 fell? Googling this leads me down so many rabbit holes. Explain like I' m five. | \nWorld Trade Center 7 (WTC 7) was a 47-story skyscraper in New York City that collapsed on September 11, 2001, as a result of a fire that burned for several hours. The fire was ignited by debris from the collapse of the World Trade Center's Twin Towers, which had been hit by hijacked airplanes earlier that day. The collapse of WTC 7 was not caused by a conspiracy theory, but rather by the combination of the intense fire and the structural damage that the building had sustained.\n\nHere is a simplified explanation of what happened:\n\nDebris from the collapsing Twin Towers damaged the exterior of WTC 7 and ignited fires on multiple floors.\n\nThe fires burned for several hours and caused the steel beams and columns that supported the building to become weakened and distorted.\n\nThe weakened and distorted steel beams and columns could no longer support the weight of the building, and as a result, the upper floors of the building started to collapse.\n\nThe collapse of the upper floors caused a domino effect, where each floor fell onto the one below it, until the entire building collapsed.\n\nIt is important to note that the collapse of WTC 7 was not caused by a controlled demolition (a theory that has been promoted by some conspiracy theorists). Rather, it was caused by the damage and fire that the building had sustained. The collapse of WTC 7 has been thoroughly investigated by engineers and scientists, and their findings support the explanation I have provided here. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 1 | 6.769652 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Aghabullogue GAA'
Aghabullogue GAA are a Gaelic Athletic Association | Aghabullogue GAA are a Gaelic Athletic Association club in County Cork, Ireland. They are affiliated to the Cork County Board and play in the mid-Cork (Muskerry) division of Cork GAA. Aghabullogue cater for both Hurling and Gaelic Football.Aghabullogue's most notable player is by far the great Sam Murphy. History
Aghabullogue have a long tradition of hurling. In 1890, they won the Cork Senior Hurling Championship. By the rules of the GAA at that time, this victory allowed Aghabullogue to go on and represent Cork in the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship. They later collected a Munster title following a victory over Kerry. There was controversy in the subsequent All-Ireland final when an Aghabullogue men left the field after one of the players had his toe broken by a
Wexford man's hurley. At a meeting the following week of the Gaelic Athletic Association's Central Council it was agreed to award Cork the All-Ireland title. In 1910 they won the Cork Intermediate Championship and in 1991 won the Cork County Junior Hurling Championship after a thrilling replay where they defeated Aghada. | wiki-intro | 0 | 25.287283 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Hoftag'
A Hoftag (pl. Hoftage) was the name | A Hoftag (pl. Hoftage) was the name given to an informal and irregular assembly convened by the King of the Romans, the Holy Roman Emperor or one of the Princes of the Empire, with selected chief princes within the empire. Early scholarship also refers to these meetings as imperial diets (Reichstage), even though these gatherings were not really about the empire in general, but with matters concerning their individual rulers. In fact, the legal institution of the imperial diet appeared much later. From the feudal obligation of chief princes to stand by the king's side in word and deed, a consequent duty was derived by the time of the High Middle Ages to appear in person, at the request of the king, at royal assemblies in order to offer counsel and participate in decision-making. This was the so-called court attendance duty (Hoffahrtspflicht). The assemblies themselves were given various names in the different sources, such as parlamentum, conventus, colloquium, curia or curia regis. All these terms could be qualified with adjectives such as solemnis ("ceremonial") or magnus ("great") in order to clarify their nature. The Hoftag differed from the usual counsel meetings of the royal court essentially only in the additional participation of those invited. These could be princes, members of the nobility, prelates or representatives of foreign powers. From the 13th century, representatives of the free imperial cities were also invited to Hoftage. The assemblies were organised along the lines of a royal court meeting (Hofhaltung) and were firmly focussed on the king. | wiki-intro | 0 | 32.132149 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Thích Quảng Độ'
Thích Quảng Độ (; 27 November 1928 | Thích Quảng Độ (; 27 November 1928 – 22 February 2020) was a Vietnamese Buddhist monk and scholar who was the patriarch of the Unified Buddhist Church of Vietnam (UBCV) from 2008 until his death. Since the execution of his master at the hands of the communist Viet Minh in his teenage years, Thích Quảng Độ had been involved in political activism, firstly against the anti-Buddhist policies of the Catholic President of South Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem. After the fall of Saigon, the UBCV was banned by the communist government, and as one of the senior monks in the organisation, Thích Quảng Độ was at the forefront of the UBCV's defiance of the government, refusing to join the government-endorsed Vietnamese Buddhist Church. He was detained repeatedly by the communist authorities in the last 45 years of his life for his resistance and criticism of their policies, particularly his calls for multi-party democracy. During the Vietnam War period, he also served as a university academic in Buddhism, translated sutras and wrote books, notably a nine-volume Buddhist encyclopedia, and two-volume dictionary between Vietnamese and Sino-Vietnamese. In 2002, he was awarded the Homo Homini Award for human rights activism by the Czech group People In Need, which he shared with his predecessor as patriarch Thích Huyền Quang and Thadeus Nguyễn Văn Lý. He was also awarded the Thorolf Rafto Memorial Prize and was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize. | wiki-intro | 0 | 18.528093 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Tom Kilburn'
Tom Kilburn (11 August 1921 – | Tom Kilburn (11 August 1921 – 5 June 2001) was an English footballer who played in the Football League for Chelsea and Tottenham Hotspur.
Kilburn was born in Chelsea, London, on 11 August 1921. He began his career as an amateur with Chelsea before signing professional forms with Tottenham Hotspur in 1939. Kilburn made his debut for Spurs in a 3-1 victory over Sheffield United on 20 October 1939. He played a total of 139 league matches for Tottenham, scoring 25 goals. In 1948, he joined Chelsea where he spent the next eight seasons, making 223 appearances and scoring 33 goals. Kilburn retired from playing in 1957.
Kilburn died on 5 June 2001, aged 82. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.943695 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'No Surrender (2005)'
No Surrender (2005) was a professional wrestling | No Surrender (2005) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It took place on December 15, 2005 from the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Paradise, Nevada.
The main event was a World Heavyweight Championship match between The Undertaker and Batista. The Undertaker won the match after chokeslamming Batista onto the steel steps outside the ring, thus becoming the new world champion. | wiki-intro | 1 | 5.59952 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Kaili Närep'
Kaili Närep (born 16 August 1970) is | Kaili Närep (born 16 August 1970) is an Estonian singer-songwriter. Närep has released six studio albums, two live albums and one compilation album. She has also released five singles and twenty-one music videos.
Närep was born in Tartu, Estonia. She started singing at an early age and by the age of twelve, she had started to write her own songs. In 1991, she graduated from high school and moved to Tallinn to start her musical career.
Närep's debut album "Laulupidu" was released in 1995 and it became a major hit in Estonia. The album was produced by Mart Sepp, who had worked with artists such as Mariann Karlsson and Astrid Södergran. The album was praised for its acoustic sound and Närep's soulful vocals.
In 1997, Närep released her second album "Kui ma lõhnal saan", which was produced by Urban Dancefloor Productions and featured the hit song "Külas". The album was less successful than her debut, but it did include the song "Ette näe", which became a popular radio hit.
In 2000, Närep released her third album "Soomega". The album was produced by Finnish producer Jari Sillanpää and featured the hit song "Lapse leed." The album was well-received in Finland, but it failed to achieve any success in Estonia. | wiki-intro | 1 | 15.157502 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Dorothee Poelchau'
Dorothee Poelchau (born Dorothee Ziegele; 6 June | Dorothee Poelchau (born Dorothee Ziegele; 6 June 1902 in Steinkirchen, 4 November 1977) was a German librarian and, together with her husband Harald Poelchau, were resistance fighters against the Nazis. The couple were named Righteous Among the Nations in 1971. Life
Poelchau was the second daughter of the pastor Paul Eugen Ziegele and his wife Berta from Steinkirchen. After the end of her school education and the first impressions she had received from the German Youth Movement, she began studying German at Leipzig University in the winter semester of 1921/22. Parallel to her studies, she trained at the library school in Leipzig, which she completed in 1923, thereby qualifying her to work for the middle library service. After obtaining employment at the University Library of the University of Tübingen in 1923, she met Harald Poelchau in the same year, who at the time was secretary of the German youth organisation, the in Tübingen. In 1926, she moved from Tübingen to Berlin, where she accepted a position in the library of the (StRA). | wiki-intro | 0 | 20.614285 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'History of Madagascar'
The history of Madagascar is distinguished clearly | The history of Madagascar is distinguished clearly from that of neighbouring islands by its unique blend of traditional and colonial influences. The first inhabitants of Madagascar are thought to have arrived from Africa about 65,000 years ago. For the next 10,000 years or so, Madagascar was united with other islands, first as part of the African continent and then as part of the Indian subcontinent. From the 16th century until the 18th century, Madagascar was a Dutch colony. In 1795 it became a French colony. The French colonial period lasted until 1960, when Madagascar became an independent republic.
Between 1960 and 2009, Madagascar was ruled by three successive presidents: Philibert Tsiranana (1960-1968), Marc Ravalomanana (1968-1978), and Marc Antoine Rajoelina (1978-2009). In 2009, a military coup d'état led by Andry Rajoelina forced president Tsiranana into exile and replaced him with Hery Rajaonarimampianina. Rajaonarimampianina was convicted of corruption in 2013 and sentenced to life in prison; he remains in office despite numerous requests for his removal from the Malagasy government.
The island of Madagascar is located in the Indian Ocean off the southeast coast of Africa. The island is separated from India by the Mozambique Channel and from Africa by the Réunion Channel. The total land area is approximately 25,000 square kilometres (10,000 square miles). The | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.290165 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Hugh Buhrich'
Hugh Buhrich (25 April 1911 – 18 June | Hugh Buhrich (25 April 1911 – 18 June 1984) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Carlton and Fitzroy in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Buhrich, a key forward, won the J. J. Liston Trophy as the VFL's leading goal-kicker in 1932 and 1933. He also played for Victoria in interstate matches.
After retiring from football, Buhrich worked as a teacher and coach. He died in 1984 at the age of 76. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.864567 | [
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Rosalind Mary Coggon is an English scientist | Rosalind Mary Coggon is an English scientist and biochemist, who has been Professor of Biochemistry at University College London since 1992. She is also a Fellow of the Royal Society and a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Coggon's research centres on the molecular biology of protein synthesis, with a particular focus on the role of chaperones in protein folding and stability. She is also known for her work on the genetics of cancer, in particular the role of gene expression in tumour development.
Coggon was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1995, and she was made a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2006. She was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2009 "for her discoveries concerning how cells control their protein synthesis". | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.177842 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Podenco Valenciano'
The Podenco Valenciano or Xarnego Valenciano is | The Podenco Valenciano or Xarnego Valenciano is a breed of dog of the spaniel type, originating in Valencia, Spain. Podencos are used for hunting and obedience work. | wiki-intro | 1 | 32.973076 | [
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Hideko Inoue (also Hideko Inouye, 6 | Hideko Inoue (also Hideko Inouye, 6 October 1919 – 25 February 2007) was a Japanese actress. She was considered one of the most popular stars of the Showa era.
Born in Tokyo, Inoue made her acting debut in 1941 and quickly became a leading lady in many popular dramas. Her most famous roles were in "The Setting Sun" (1957), for which she was awarded the Best Actress prize at the 1957 Cannes Film Festival, and "Tokyo Story" (1953), for which she won the Best Actress award at the 1954 Academy Awards. Inoue also received acclaim for her work in "An Actor's Life" (1958), "The Face of Another" (1965), and "The Thief of Baghdad" (1959).
Inoue retired from acting in 1971 but continued to make occasional appearances until her death from cardiac arrest on 25 February 2007 at the age of 88. Inoue remains one of Japan's most respected and admired actors. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.452576 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Vaps Movement'
Vaps Movement, (, later Eesti Vabadussõjalaste Liit, | Vaps Movement, (, later Eesti Vabadussõjalaste Liit, EVL) was a paramilitary organization in the Republic of Estonia during the Estonian War of Independence, 1917–1918.
The Vaps Movement was founded on 8 October 1917 in Tallinn by Ernst Plahter and Aimar Aas. The group was initially called the Estonian Riflemen's Association (Eesti Rahvusvaheliste Jäätmisliit). It was renamed the Vaps Movement after the Battle of Vapsi on 18 November 1917. The Vaps Movement aimed to liberate Estonia from Russian rule and to establish an independent Estonian state.
The Vaps Movement participated in the Battles of Pärnu and Türi, as well as the Battle of Narva. In 1918, the Vaps Movement merged with the Estonian Independent Army and became known as the Eesti Vabadussõjalaste Liit. | wiki-intro | 1 | 29.906849 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Raquel Murillo'
Raquel Murillo (Lisbon) is a fictional character | Raquel Murillo (Lisbon) is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the Brazilian telenovela Passione.
Raquel was born in Lisbon, Portugal on July 10, 1988. She is the illegitimate daughter of a wealthy Brazilian business magnate and a Portuguese woman. When Raquel was five years old, her mother died in a car accident. Raquel was then raised by her father and his wife.
At the age of eighteen, Raquel moved to Brazil to start a new life. She started working as a model and quickly became one of the country's most popular young women. In 2011, Raquel met Angelo Giambi, a powerful Italian businessman, at a nightclub and they began a relationship. Angelo proposed marriage to her but she turned him down because she was still in love with Antonio.
Months later, Antonio discovered that he was HIV-positive and he decided to end his relationship with Raquel. Devastated by his decision, Raquel drank herself into an unconscious state. Angelo found her and saved her life. After spending some time recovering at his home in Italy, Raquel decided to return to Brazil and try to rebuild her life with Angelo.
Passione is based on the novel of the same name by Elisabetta Romano. | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.00666 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Erzsébet Balázs'
Erzsébet Balázs-Baranyai (October 15, 1920 − November | Erzsébet Balázs-Baranyai (October 15, 1920 − November 24, 2014) was a Hungarian gymnast who competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, where she won a silver medal in the women's team competition after replacing an injured Ágnes Keleti. Born in Budapest, she was introduced to gymnastics at the age of 18 and competed out of Postás SE while earning a degree in physical education from Semmelweis University. From 1952 through 1971 she worked as a coach with Budapest Honvéd, becoming the head gymnastics coach in 1960. From there she spent two years at the Debreceni Városi Sportiskola (Debrecen School of Sport) prior to becoming a coach for Hungary's delegation of women gymnasts to the 1976 Summer Olympics and retiring in 1977. She was married to László Baranyai, who won a bronze medal in the men's team competition at the same Olympic Games. She died on November 24, 2014, at the age of 94. References | wiki-intro | 0 | 17.683054 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Waxwork (film)'
Waxwork is a 1988 American comedy horror | Waxwork is a 1988 American comedy horror film written and directed by Anthony Hickox in his directorial film debut and starring Zach Galligan, Deborah Foreman, Michelle Johnson, David Warner, Dana Ashbrook, and Patrick Macnee. It is partially inspired by the 1924 German silent film Waxworks. Plot
In a small suburban town, a group of college
students—Mark Loftmore (Zach Galligan), China Webster (Michelle Johnson), Sarah Brightman (Deborah Foreman), Gemma (Clare Carey), James (Eric Brown) and Tony (Dana Ashbrook)--visit a mysterious wax museum, resulting from Sarah and China's earlier encounter with a taciturn gentleman (Warner) who claims to own the exhibit and extends them an invitation. There, they encounter several morbid displays, all of which contain stock characters from the horror genre. Tony and China unintentionally enter two separate pocket dimensions, as depicted by the displays, by crossing the exhibition barrier rope. Tony is at a cabin where a werewolf (John Rhys-Davies) attacks him. A hunter and his son arrive and try to kill the creature. The son fails and is torn in half, while the hunter shoots the werewolf, then shoots Tony as he begins to transform. China is sent to a Gothic castle where vampires attack her, and Count Dracula (Miles O'Keeffe) turns her into a vampire. Two of the other students, Mark and Sarah, leave the museum unscathed. Later, Jonathan (Micah Grant), "a college jock", arrives at the wax museum looking for China, but The Phantom of the Opera display gets his attention as David Lincoln (David Warner) walks him into the display. Mark goes to a pair of investigating police detectives. He and Inspector Roberts (Charles McCaughan) meet Lincoln as he lets Roberts investigate the museum. As Mark and Roberts leave, Mark recognizes Lincoln. | wiki-intro | 0 | 38.288776 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Peralba'
Peralba (Hochweißstein in German) is a mountain | Peralba (Hochweißstein in German) is a mountain located in the Bavarian Alps in Germany, near the border with Austria. It lies on the border of the counties of Schwaz and Innsbruck, south of the Inn Valley and north of the Leutasch Valley. With an elevation of 1,912 m, Peralba is the highest peak in the Leutasch group.
The nearest higher mountain is the Großglockner at 2,l097 m. The mountain is part of a chain stretching from the north to the south and from east to west. All peaks within this chain are over 2,000 m high. To the northeast lies the Hochalm ridge with peaks over 2,600 m high.
Peralba is a popular destination for hikers and climbers. | wiki-intro | 1 | 20.523855 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Sam Lipski'
Samuel Lipski (born 1938) is an | Samuel Lipski (born 1938) is an Australian journalist. He has been editor-in-chief of the Australian Jewish News and has worked as a reporter and columnist for The Age, The Australian, The Bulletin and The Sydney Morning Herald. He was also Washington correspondent for the Jerusalem Post, as well as The Australian. He also worked at a senior level in television, both for Channel 9 Melbourne and with the Australian Broadcasting Corporation where he was executive producer of Four Corners and founding producer of This Day Tonight. He is chief executive of the Melbourne-based philanthropic Pratt Foundation and a former president of the State Library of Victoria. He was a commentator on Melbourne radio station 3AW. Lipski was educated at University High School, Melbourne, the Institute for Youth Leadership, Jerusalem, and the University of Melbourne, where he graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. In 1993 Lipski was honored with appointment as a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) for services to the media. Lipski was awarded a Centenary medal and in 2008 was awarded an honorary Doctor of Laws from Monash University. | wiki-intro | 0 | 8.709486 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Cheating in casinos'
Cheating in casinos refers to actions by | Cheating in casinos refers to actions by the player or the house which are prohibited by regional gambling control authorities. This may involve using suspect apparatus, interfering with apparatus, chip fraud or misrepresenting games. The formally prescribed sanctions for cheating depend on the circumstances and gravity of the cheating and the jurisdiction in which the casino operates. In Nevada, for a player to cheat in a casino is a felony under Nevada law. In most other jurisdictions, specific statutes do not exist, and alleged instances of cheating are resolved by the gambling authority who may have more or less authority to enforce its verdict. Advantage play techniques are not cheating. Card counting, for example, is a legitimate advantage play strategy that can be employed in blackjack and other card games. In almost all jurisdictions, casinos are permitted to ban from their premises customers they believe are using advantage play, regardless of whether they are in fact doing so and even though it is not cheating, though this practice of barring law-abiding citizens from public places is subject to judicial review. So far, courts in New Jersey and North Las Vegas, Nevada have found the practice of barring law-abiding citizens to be illegal. | wiki-intro | 0 | 22.52482 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Ta Da'
"Ta Da" is a song by American | "Ta Da" is a song by American rapper Flo Milli. The song was released as the lead single from her debut studio album, The Big Picture, on November 2, 2009. The song was produced by Milli, with additional production by Drumma Boy and Nitti Beatz.
The song has been noted for its innovative production and catchy hooks. The song peaked at number seventy-two on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 and number one on the US Hot Rap Songs chart. It also charted in the United Kingdom, France, Ireland, and New Zealand.
"Ta Da" is a dance-pop song written by Flo Milli and produced by her with additional production by Drumma Boy and Nitti Beatz. The song was recorded at the Record Plant in Los Angeles, California. "Ta Da" is an up-tempo song with a electro-tinged beat, which features Milli rapping about her ex-boyfriend's new girlfriend. According to the sheet music published at Musicnotes.com by Alfred Publishing Co., Inc., "Ta Da" is written in the key of G major and is set in time signature of 4/4.
"Ta Da" received generally positive reviews from music critics. Nathan Rabin of The A.V. Club called it "a densely catchy electro-pop anthem", while Jon Caramanica of The New York Times noted that it "stops just short of becoming a club hit". In 2010, Complex listed | wiki-intro | 1 | 13.049843 | [
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Why is it so hard to create a fully immersive virtual reality? How close are we to a creating a system where a user can fully immerse themselves in a game or simulation, and why is it so hard to do so? Explain like I' m five. | Your brain is very good at pattern recognition. Everything we do with computers is to unfold logical patters endlessly. You will always see the pixels or polygons. Characters will always be cheesy and glitch through walls. Imagine how fast you would question actual reality if you saw someone fall through a solid wall or trees and plants in general be somewhat static replicates of each other. Where ever i see, in nature i can see an infinite amount of unique recursive structure. Every leaf is a world in itself. Every person a new universe. You probably would need a direct neural interface. Were pretty far from that. Simulating touch seems to be a pretty big stumbling block. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 50.512375 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Eastend'
Eastend is a town in south-west part | Eastend is a town in south-west part of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan, situated approximately north of the Montana border and east of the Alberta border. The town is best known for the nearby discovery of a Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton nicknamed "Scotty" in 1994. The town has used the discovery of this fossil as the main centrepiece in the construction of a museum called the T.rex Discovery Centre, which opened on May 30, 2003. The centre is operated by the Royal Saskatchewan Museum, and contains the RSM Fossil Research Station. Eastend has been home to many famous residents, including the writer Wallace Stegner, who lived in the town between 1917 and 1921 and featured it as the village Whitemud in his book Wolf Willow. Today, the former home of Stegner is used as an artists retreat which can be rented out by artists to focus on their work. | wiki-intro | 0 | 20.106754 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'AV Open'
AV Open is a major awards contest | AV Open is a major awards contest for the Japanese adult video industry. It went from a limited sales contest in 2006 to become, via its successor the AV GrandPrix, the major Japanese AV award with nearly 100 participating companies competing for the 2009 awards. The AV GrandPrix awards were not extended beyond 2009 but after a hiatus of seven years, the AV Open award competition was resurrected in 2014. AV Open Origins
The AV Open awards for Japanese adult video (AV) companies were conceived as a means to improve public relations and provide a measure of quality for adult videos on a par with the AVN Awards for the US porn industry. It was the result of a collaboration between Tokyo Sports, a leading Japanese tabloid paper, and the large Japanese porn conglomerate Soft On Demand (SOD). Adult video production companies were invited to enter a candidate video in the contest and the video with the most number of sales during a set period would be the winner. The first prize award was 10 million yen (about $100,000), the second-place finisher took 5 million yen (about $50,000) and third place was worth 3 million yen (about $30,000). Videos in the contest were specially marked as AV Open entries and could be bought from the official site or at stores throughout Japan. Each contestant was to be given the same amount of space in the store displays. | wiki-intro | 0 | 18.873951 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Young Buddhist Association'
The Young Buddhist Association (YBA) is an | The Young Buddhist Association (YBA) is an auxiliary lay group of the Buddhist Churches of America, the mainland U.S. branch of Jodo Shinshu Buddhism. Founded in 1974 and originally known as the "Young Men's Buddhist Association" (YMBA, which was modeled after YMCA), the YBA began as a way to offer communal activities for young Japanese-American Shin Buddhist men in the United States. It has evolved into an organization that is comprised usually of young teen boys and girls who are members of Shin temples, and is not limited to any one ethnicity. Many Shin temples have YBA groups, which organize fun activities and overnight trips for their young people. Regional conferences are scheduled yearly in which YBA groups from different temples may mingle and share ideas and friendship. See also
Young Men's Buddhist Association, a separately-constituted organization in Sri Lanka
Young Men's Buddhist Association (Burma), a separately-constituted organization in Myanmar | wiki-intro | 0 | 15.230681 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Kalavu Thozhirchalai'
Kalavu Thozhirchalai (Tamil: களவு தொழிற்சாலை) (English: Thieving | Kalavu Thozhirchalai (Tamil: களவு தொழிற்சாலை) (English: Thieving Forest) is a 1988 Tamil-language drama film directed by S. A. Chandrasekhar. The film features Karthik, Sarath Kumar, Aishwarya and Radha in lead roles. The story is about a forest where the trees steal anything that comes their way, including people.
Kalavu Thozhirchalai tells the story of a forest where the trees steal anything that comes their way, including people. One day, a hunter named Kalavu enters the forest and is captured by the trees. Kalavu is kept captive in the forest for months until he is finally rescued by a group of boys who venture into the forest to find him. Upon his return to the village, Kalavu tells his story of captivity to horrified villagers, who vow to never let the forest escape their notice again. | wiki-intro | 1 | 10.525085 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Vincent O'Rourke'
Vincent Patrick O'Rourke (19 May 192214 July | Vincent Patrick O'Rourke (19 May 192214 July 2011) was a World War II United States naval aviator in the Pacific theater and two time recipient of the Navy Cross, the Navy's second highest award for valor after the Medal of Honor. After the war, he was commanding officer of a number of aviation units as well as and . Background and education
Vincent Patrick O'Rourke was born on 19 May 1922 in New York City to Francis and Alice O'Rourke. He grew up in Forest Hills, Queens. In 1940, he began studying Aeronautical Engineering at the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute. In 1954, he received a Bachelor of Science degree in Aeronautical Engineering from the Naval Postgraduate School. He also received a Master of Science degree from Purdue University. He also graduated from the Naval Test Pilot School and the Armed Forces Staff College. He was married to Harriett Julia Sokal (1922–2007) of Middle Village, Queens for 63 years. | wiki-intro | 0 | 12.237076 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Yeo Jun Wei'
Yeo Jun Wei (; born 22 February | Yeo Jun Wei (; born 22 February 1988) is a Singaporean footballer who plays as a midfielder for S.League club Tampines Rovers.
Yeo Jun Wei made his first-team debut for Singapore in a friendly match against Thailand on 7 February 2006, and earned his first international cap against Malaysia on 25 March 2006. Yeo Jun Wei was part of the Singapore squad that participated in the 2007 AFF Suzuki Cup, but did not play in any matches.
Yeo Jun Wei made his league debut for Tampines Rovers on 18 August 2009 against Home United FC. Yeo Jun Wei scored his first goal for Tampines Rovers in a 3–1 victory over Geylang United FC on 26 September 2009. Yeo Jun Wei helped Tampines to win the S.League championship in 2011 and 2012. On 16 May 2014, Yeo Jun Wei signed a two-year contract extension with Tampines Rovers. Yeo Jun Wei helped Tampines to win the S.League championship for a record third time in 2015 and 2016.
On 21 February 2017, Yeo Jun Wei was selected in the Singapore national team for their 2017 ASEAN Football Federation Cup campaign. Yeo Jun Wei made his debut for the national team on 9 March 2017 in a 1–0 victory over Laos. Yeo Jun Wei scored his first goal for the national team in a 2–1 victory over Cambodia on 11 November 2017. Yeo Jun Wei was part of the Singapore | wiki-intro | 1 | 5.446573 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Mark Canton'
Mark Canton (born June 19, 1949) is | Mark Canton (born June 19, 1949) is an American film producer and executive. Life and early career
Canton was born to a Jewish family in Queens, New York, the son of Shirley and Arthur Canton, who worked in the film industry on marketing and publicity - including such films as Lawrence of Arabia. As a young adult, he met well known movie personalities like Alfred Hitchcock, David Lean, and Doris Day when they visited the family's apartment. After working in the mail room of Warner Bros. while studying at the University of California, Los Angeles, Canton started working for 20th Century Fox and later had jobs with film director Franklin Schaffner, with producer Jon Peters, and in the 1970s as executive assistant to Mike Medavoy at United Artists, before working as executive vice president at Warner Bros. from 1980 onwards. Successes he was involved in at the time include 1983's National Lampoon's Vacation, Purple Rain, and the Batman and Lethal Weapon film series, but also notorious box office failures like The Bonfire of the Vanities (1990), a picture he described as "the best movie I ever saw" at its first screening. | wiki-intro | 0 | 15.099007 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Anita Doron'
Anita Doron (born June 3, 1974) is | Anita Doron (born June 3, 1974) is a Hungarian-Canadian film director, screenwriter, producer, cinematographer, author, and a 2010 TED Fellow. Doron is best known for her 2012 film adaptation of the 1996 novel The Lesser Blessed, written by Canadian author Richard Van Camp. Early life
Doron was born in Transcarpathia, a region of the former USSR. Her family members were high altitude mountaineers and they often spent summers in the mountainous regions of Georgia and Armenia. On her TED personal profile, Doron discloses that her parents' ideologies influenced her own way of life early on. She states: "My mother rejected the official truth handed down by the government and my father refused the reality accepted by the middle class, leading me to seek and witness alternative truths from an early age." At age 15, Doron was almost "sold into marriage for 200 sheep in remote Uzbekistan." However, the deal fell through when her father realized he could not transport the sheep in his airplane. | wiki-intro | 0 | 23.39554 | [
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who is the CEO OF FACEBOOK | As of 2021, the CEO of Facebook is Mark Zuckerberg. He co-founded Facebook in 2004 while he was a student at Harvard University, and he has served as the CEO since the company was founded. Under Zuckerberg's leadership, Facebook has grown to become one of the largest and most influential technology companies in the world. Mark Zuckerberg is the CEO of Facebook. He co-founded the social networking site in 2004 while he was a student at Harvard University, and has served as the company's CEO since its inception. Under Zuckerberg's leadership, Facebook has become one of the most popular and influential social media platforms in the world, with over 2.7 billion monthly active users. As of 2021, the CEO of Facebook is Mark Zuckerberg. Mark Zuckerberg founded Facebook in 2004 while he was a student at Harvard University, and he has been the CEO of the company since its inception. | hc3-open_qa | 1 | 4.062197 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Shorty Awards'
The Shorty Awards, also known as the | The Shorty Awards, also known as the "Shortys", is an annual awards show recognizing the people and organizations that produce real-time short-form content across Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, TikTok, Twitch and the rest of the social web.
The annual ceremony began in 2008 with awards for achievements on the Twitter platform. Since then, the awards have recognized content creation on other social networking sites, including Tumblr, Instagram, Vine, Snapchat, YouNow, and Periscope. The awards ceremony is held each spring and streamed live. Each award recognizes the entire body of work of the content creator for the calendar year, rather than an individual tweet or post. A 2012 Forbes magazine article about the awards commented: "The Shortys recognize that social media is about more than who can get the most followers ... we are creating millions of pieces of new writing that will define our generation. ... These writings ... are creating our history of record." | wiki-intro | 0 | 21.17255 | [
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Thord Rubert "Flodan" Flodqvist (5 August 1926 | Thord Rubert "Flodan" Flodqvist (5 August 1926 – 7 September 2010) was a Swedish racing driver. He participated in Formula One from 1952 to 1957, and won the Swedish Grand Prix in 1955.
Born in Norrköping, Flodqvist began racing motorcycles in the late 1940s. After winning the Swedish motorcycle championship in 1949 and 1950, he switched to cars and competed in national events. He made his Formula One debut in 1952 with Surtees and finished sixth at the French Grand Prix. The following year he finished third at the British Grand Prix and fourth at the Italian Grand Prix.
Flodqvist moved to Ferrari for the 1957 season and finished fourth in the standings that year. He retired from Formula One after the 1957 season and returned to Sweden to drive for Skoda. He retired from driving in 1967 and became a commentator for Swedish television. Flodqvist died on 7 September 2010, aged 88. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.843076 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Flatwoods'
Flatwoods, pineywoods, pine savannas and longleaf pine-wiregrass | Flatwoods, pineywoods, pine savannas and longleaf pine-wiregrass prairies are a type of forest. These forests occur in the eastern United States, primarily in the Southeast. The flatwoods are found in the central and eastern parts of the states, while the pine savannas are found in the southern and southwestern parts. The longleaf pine-wiregrass prairies occur in central and western states.
The flatwoods stretch across much of eastern North America and have a typical height of 25 to 50 feet. The trees are arranged in a horizontal layer with some taller trees scattered throughout. The understory is dominated by low shrubs and herbaceous plants, with a few larger plants such as magnolias and camellias. The flatwoods are home to a diversity of wildlife, including deer, turkeys, bears, panthers, and songbirds.
The pine savannas are found in the southern and southwestern parts of the United States. They have a typical height of 50 to 100 feet and a more open canopy than the flatwoods. The trees are arranged in a vertical layer with some taller trees scattered throughout. The understory is dominated by grasses and herbs, with a few small trees and shrubs. The pine savannas are home to a diversity of wildlife, including deer, turkeys, bears, coyotes, and songbirds.
The longleaf pine-wiregrass prairies occur in central and western states. They have a typical height of 150 to 300 feet and an open canopy. The trees are | wiki-intro | 1 | 11.93835 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Antonio Lupatelli'
Antonio Lupatelli (1930 – 18 May 2018) | Antonio Lupatelli (1930 – 18 May 2018) was an Italian illustrator, comics artist and writer who worked under the pseudonym of Tony Wolf.
Lupatelli is best known for his illustrations of children's books, including his work in:
Pinocchio, Dami Editore Firenze, 2002
Le Storie del Bosco, (The Woodland Folk series, which he also wrote)
On the Farm, Running Press Kids, 2005
In the City, Running Press Kids, Brdbk edition, 2005
Jack and Jill
He also made graphic contributions to the book adaptations of the Swiss claymation TV series Pingu. Lupatelli worked with Fratelli Fabbri Editori, Payot Film, Fleetway Publications, and Dami Editore. As a comics artist he was one of several artist to draw for Fleetway's children's magazines Playhour and Jack and Jill. Among the series he worked on were Freddie Frog, Fun in Toyland, Little Sooty and Moony of the Moon.
In the Italian magazine Il Corriere dei Piccoli he created Ciccio Sprai and Robi e Robo. | wiki-intro | 0 | 69.695107 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Star Maidens'
Star Maidens is a British-German science-fiction television | Star Maidens is a British-German science-fiction television series that aired on the Syfy channel in the United States and Space in Canada from July 14 to September 3, 2016. The series is set in the year 2514, and follows a group of female astronauts who are sent to explore a new planet.
The series was announced at the San Diego Comic-Con International on July 20, 2015, and was created by Jason Haigh-Ellery and Nicholas Brackenbury. The pilot was directed by George Clooney and written by Haigh-Ellery and Brackenbury. It was produced by Amblin Television and Universal Cable Productions.
On March 17, 2016, it was announced that Star Maidens had been cancelled after one season. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.886951 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Danny De Bie'
Danny De Bie (born 23 January 1960) | Danny De Bie (born 23 January 1960) is a Belgian comics artist and writer, best known for his long-running series Tintin and the Spirou series.
Danny De Bie was born on 23 January 1960 in Ghent, Belgium. After completing his secondary education at the Catholic boarding school Sint-Servaascollege, he studied law at the University of Ghent, but abandoned his studies to pursue a career in comics.
De Bie's first professional work was as an artist for the Franco-Belgian comics magazine Pilote, where he created the strip "Les P'tites Histoires". He then moved to France, where he worked on the long-running series "Tintin" for Hergé's publisher Dupuis.
De Bie left "Tintin" in 1993 to create his own series, "Spirou". The series ran for eighteen years and spawned two successful spin-offs, "The Adventures of Tintin" and "The Adventures of Spirou". He also wrote a number of novels based on his characters. In 2009, he published his autobiography, "Je suis Tintin".
Since 2011, De Bie has been working on a new series, "The Adventures of Tintin in the Congo", which is set in the early days of Belgian colonialism. In 2016 he published a graphic novel adaptation of Jules Verne's "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea".
De Bie has received several awards | wiki-intro | 1 | 9.312884 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Halimodendron'
Halimodendron is a monotypic genus of legume | Halimodendron is a monotypic genus of legume in the Fabaceae family. The only known species is Halimodendron uliginosum, a tree endemic to the Philippines.
Halimodendron is a large genus of trees and shrubs in the legume family, Fabaceae. The only known species is Halimodendron uliginosum, native to the Philippines. It is a large tree reaching heights of up to 25 m, with a trunk up to 2 m in diameter and a canopy up to 10 m wide. The leaves are compound, with 5-10 leaflets each, and are green on the upper surface and dull green on the underside. The flowers are white or pink, and are produced in clusters at the tips of the branches. The fruit is a pod which contains several small seeds. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.218735 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Dudley Council House'
Dudley Council House is a municipal building | Dudley Council House is a municipal building in Dudley, England. It houses the council chambers, library, art gallery and tourist information centre. The building was completed in 1889 and is a Grade II listed building.
Dudley Council House was completed in 1889 and is a Grade II listed building. It houses the council chambers, library, art gallery and tourist information centre. The building is also used for events such as weddings and conferences. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.500653 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Syndicate Blackpool'
The Syndicate was a superclub and music | The Syndicate was a superclub and music venue located in the seaside resort of Blackpool, England. It was founded in 1978 by Ray Hennessey and Allan Williams, and was frequented by acts such as The Jam, The Stone Roses, The Smiths, and Oasis. In 2007, it was closed by its owners, the Syndicate Leisure Group.
The Syndicate opened its doors on 18th July 1978 as a superclub and music venue in the seaside resort of Blackpool. Initially hosting gigs by acts such as The Jam, The Stone Roses and The Smiths, it soon became a key venue in the UK music scene, with stars such as Oasis emerging to perform. In 2007, the Syndicate Leisure Group closed the club after failing to find a new owner or secure funding for its ongoing redevelopment. | wiki-intro | 1 | 15.066937 | [
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What would happen if you let a buttplug sit in there for like... a week Edit: I was just curious as my friend made a joke about them. I'm not stupid enough to do something like that Please explain like I' m five. | Doctor here Assuming you were able to tolerate the discomfort you would become very unwell. The plug would create a blockage and would most likely lead to a bowel obstruction. You would experience pain, bloating and as digested food could not go "down" it would be forced back up causing nausea and vomiting. You would lose your appetite and if you managed to keep eating you could rupture bowel causing sepsis with a high likelihood of death. What's with all the "you be blocked up and die from poop"? A butt plug is not literally a plug. Most butt plugs take effort to keep them inside. As you get up and walk around, it's likely to fall out unless you clench your cheeks. So if you have to shit, that sex toy is coming out whether you like it or not. If you buy the kind of butt plug intended for long use it will be more comfortable, but you'll still push it out when you have to go. You can't shit around the toy. Most likely bowel obstruction which would be painful. That's a blockage of fecal matter unable to pass through the rectal opening If you' re... having trouble with... things... either visit your GP or go to hospital. They see stuff like that all the time | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 20.720676 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Apprentice Adept'
Apprentice Adept is a heptalogy of fantasy | Apprentice Adept is a heptalogy of fantasy, science fiction, and horror stories written by Orson Scott Card, featuring the character Ender Wiggins.
The Ender Wiggins stories are set in the future, in a world where the children of the human race have been bred to be the saviors of Earth. Ender Wiggins is one of these children, and his skills as an apprentice adept lead him on a journey to save the world from an enemy that has outgrown humanity's ability to stand up to them. | wiki-intro | 1 | 10.272035 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Delhua'
Delhua is a village, situated about 20 | Delhua is a village, situated about 20 kilometers away from Nawada city in Bihar state. It comes to Sarakanda Panchayat of Govindpur Block. The distance of this market from Govindpur is about 3 kilometres. On the one hand, there are long chains of Sakri river and mountains on the other. The population here is around 2000. The majority of the population here is dependent on agriculture. The soil here is very fertile. There is also the cultivation of vegetables and pulses along with rice and wheat. Here the fields are small, hence there is traditional farming. The main market of this village is Govindpur. People used this market for shopping and as well as selling. Nowadays, a big Haat (bazaar) taken place on every Tuesday at the other side of Sakri river and it is called Mangal Haat located on Katruchak mod. In this Haat, many farmers of Delhua sell vegetables and human needs. History
Things are the days when India had been liberated for almost 10 years, the celebration of independence was still in the hearts of people. Dalhua's existence at that time was not the same. As it is believed, in the old times, any city or village, they were planted along the river so that enough needs could be completed by the river, in the same way, Dalhua village was also situated along the Sakri river. There were 7 to 8 FUSH huts in the name of the village. | wiki-intro | 0 | 41.545837 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Hande'yle Yaz Bitmez'
Hande'yle Yaz Bitmez (Summer Doesn't End with | Hande'yle Yaz Bitmez (Summer Doesn't End with You) is a Turkish drama film directed by Özgür Atalay and written by Serap Kizilcay. It was released on August 2, 2017.
The film tells the story of Hande (Sana Inan), a young woman who is forced to leave her home in search of a better life. She eventually arrives in Istanbul, where she meets Emre (Kerem Altıntaş), a struggling artist. The two fall in love, but their relationship is threatened by Hande's past and Emre's uncertain future. | wiki-intro | 1 | 10.694264 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Karen Kohanowich'
Karen Kohanowich is a retired U.S. Naval | Karen Kohanowich is a retired U.S. Naval officer, who served as the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs from 2004 to 2007.
Karen Kohanowich was born in 1951 in Cincinnati, Ohio. She graduated from the University of Cincinnati with a degree in political science in 1975. She then went on to receive a master's degree in international relations from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University in 1978.
Kohanowich began her career with the U.S. Navy in 1978, serving as a lieutenant commander until she retired in 2004. During her career, she served as the deputy assistant secretary of defense for international security affairs from 2004 to 2007. She also served as the director of policy planning at the U.S. Department of Defense from 2003 to 2004.
Kohanowich currently serves as a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations. She has also been a visiting professor at Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University and a visiting scholar at Georgetown University's Center for Strategic and International Studies. | wiki-intro | 1 | 4.44824 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Rolex watch murder'
On 20 April 1998, in Marina South, | On 20 April 1998, in Marina South, Florida, Rolex watch owner Bruce Ivins murdered American microbiologist and biodefense expert, Dr. Bruce Ivins was found guilty of the murder of Dr. Bruce Ivins on 20 April 1998 and was sentenced to death on 30 November 1999. On 1 March 2007, the Supreme Court of Florida unanimously overturned Ivins' death sentence and ordered a new sentencing hearing. On 9 January 2009, Ivins was found guilty of the murder of Dr. Bruce Ivins once again and was sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole.
Rolex watch owner Bruce Ivins murdered American microbiologist and biodefense expert, Dr. Bruce Ivins, on 20 April 1998 in Marina South, Florida. Ivins was found guilty of the murder of Dr. Bruce Ivins on 20 April 1998 and was sentenced to death on 30 November 1999. On 1 March 2007, the Supreme Court of Florida unanimously overturned Ivins' death sentence and ordered a new sentencing hearing. On 9 January 2009, Ivins was found guilty of the murder of Dr. Bruce Ivins once again and was sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.706989 | [
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what is primary medicine | Primary medicine, also known as primary care, is the first point of contact that a patient has with the healthcare system. It is the first level of medical care that a person receives, and it is typically provided by a general practitioner, family physician, or a nurse practitioner. Primary care practitioners are responsible for providing a wide range of healthcare services to patients, including preventive care, diagnosis and treatment of common medical conditions, and management of chronic conditions. They are also responsible for coordinating a patient's care with other healthcare providers, as needed. Primary care is an important component of the healthcare system because it helps to ensure that patients receive timely and appropriate care, and it can help to prevent or manage more serious health conditions. Primary medicine, also known as primary care, is the first point of contact for patients with the healthcare system. It is the foundation of the healthcare system, providing preventive and acute care for individuals and families. Primary care providers, such as primary care physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants, are responsible for managing the overall healthcare of their patients. They diagnose and treat a wide range of medical conditions and injuries, provide preventive care and screenings, and refer patients to specialists when necessary. Primary care is often provided in a clinic or office setting, and is typically less specialized than other types of medical care. It is important for patients to establish a relationship with a primary care provider in order to receive ongoing, comprehensive healthcare. Primary care medicine, also known as primary care, is a branch of medicine that focuses on the general health needs of individuals and families. It is typically the first point of contact for people seeking medical attention, and it is designed to be accessible, continuous, and comprehensive. Primary care physicians, also known as primary care providers, are trained to diagnose and treat a wide range of medical conditions and to provide preventive care, such as immunizations and screenings. They may also coordinate care with specialists as needed. Primary care medicine is an important part of the healthcare system as it helps to ensure that people receive timely and appropriate care for their medical needs. | hc3-open_qa | 1 | 5.845931 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Size 14'
Size 14 was an American rock band | Size 14 was an American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 1978. The group consisted of vocalist/guitarist John Corabi, drummer Tony Levin, bassist David Lee Roth and guitarist Ace Frehley.
The band had a prolific career, releasing six studio albums and earning five platinum and two gold albums. They achieved their greatest commercial success with the release of their debut album "Size 14" (1978), which peaked at number four on the "Billboard" 200 chart and spawned the singles "Walk on the Wild Side" and "She's a Telltale Heart".
The band went on to release three more platinum albums before disbanding in 1985. After a five-year hiatus, they reunited in 1993 and released one more album before splitting again in 1998.
John Corabi and Ace Frehley reformed the band in 2005 and released an album before splitting again in 2009. John Corabi died on April 15, 2013, aged 60. | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.564053 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Sprint (missile)'
The Sprint was a two-stage, solid-fuel anti-ballistic | The Sprint was a two-stage, solid-fuel anti-ballistic missile (ABM), armed with a W66 enhanced-radiation thermonuclear warhead used by the United States Army. It was designed to intercept incoming reentry vehicles (RV) after they had descended below an altitude of about , where the thickening air stripped away any decoys or radar reflectors and exposed the RV to observation by radar. As the RV would be traveling at about , Sprint had to have phenomenal performance to achieve an interception in the few seconds before the RV reached its target. Sprint accelerated at 100g, reaching a speed of in 5 seconds. Such a high velocity at relatively low altitudes created skin temperatures up to , requiring an ablative shield to dissipate the heat. The high temperature caused a plasma to form around the missile, requiring extremely powerful radio signals to reach it for guidance. The missile glowed bright white as it flew. | wiki-intro | 0 | 32.40588 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Bone Dance'
Bone Dance is a 1991 novel by | Bone Dance is a 1991 novel by Louise Erdrich.
The novel is set in the fictional Ojibwe community of White Earth, Minnesota, during the early 1970s. It tells the story of two families—the Martens and the Bemidjis—whose members are caught up in a spiritual battle over the use of traditional Ojibwe ceremonies.
The novel has been praised for its lyrical writing, its depiction of traditional Ojibwe culture, and its examination of family dynamics. It has also been criticized for its slow pace and its occasionally sentimental plot. | wiki-intro | 1 | 9.056828 | [
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An astronomer is a scientist in the | An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth. They observe astronomical objects such as stars, planets, moons, comets and galaxies – in either observational (by analyzing the data) or theoretical astronomy. Examples of topics or fields astronomers study include planetary science, solar astronomy, the origin or evolution of stars, or the formation of galaxies. A related but distinct subject is physical cosmology, which studies the Universe as a whole. Types
Astronomers usually fall under either of two main types: observational and theoretical. Observational astronomers make direct observations of celestial objects and analyze the data. In contrast, theoretical astronomers create and investigate models of things that cannot be observed. Because it takes millions to billions of years for a system of stars or a galaxy to complete a life cycle, astronomers must observe snapshots of different systems at unique points in their evolution to determine how they form, evolve, and die. They use these data to create models or simulations to theorize how different celestial objects work. | wiki-intro | 0 | 15.537576 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Plug & Pray'
Plug & Pray is a 2010 documentary | Plug & Pray is a 2010 documentary film about the promise, problems and ethics of artificial intelligence and robotics. The main protagonists are the former MIT professor Joseph Weizenbaum and the futurist Raymond Kurzweil. The title is a pun on the computer hardware phrase "Plug and Play". Synopsis
Computer experts around the world strive towards the development of intelligent robots. Pioneers like Raymond Kurzweil and Hiroshi Ishiguro dream of fashioning intelligent machines that will equal their human creators. In this potential reality, man and machine merge as a single unity. Rejecting evolution's biological shackles tantalisingly dangles the promise of eternal life for those bold enough to seize it. But others, like Joseph Weizenbaum, counterattack against society's limitless faith in the redemptive powers of technology, questioning the prevailing discourses on new technologies and their ethical relationships to human life. The film delves into a world where computer technology, robotics, biology, neuroscience, and developmental psychology merge, and features roboticists in their laboratories in Japan, the US, Italy and Germany. | wiki-intro | 0 | 29.048277 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Tom Lodge'
Thomas Odoard Marshall Lodge (16 April 1936 | Thomas Odoard Marshall Lodge (16 April 1936 – 5 October 2002) was an English novelist, short story writer, essayist and critic.
Lodge was born in London, the son of the physician and bacteriologist Sir Tom Lodge and his wife, the painter Rosamond Lehmann. He was educated at Eton College and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was a member of the Cambridge Apostles.
Lodge worked as a journalist before becoming a full-time writer in the early 1970s. He is best known for his novels, including "The Dog Beneath the Skin" (1976), "The Comfort of Strangers" (1978), "Narrow Road to the Deep North" (1987), and "The Hours" (2002). His short stories have been collected in thirteen volumes.
Lodge also wrote essays, criticism and a novel about cricket, "A Fine Balance". He died from cancer in 2002. | wiki-intro | 1 | 13.379888 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Azimabad'
Azimabad was the name of modern-day | Azimabad was the name of modern-day Patna during the eighteenth century, prior to the British Raj. Today, Patna is the capital of Bihar, a state in North India. In ancient times, Patna was known as Pataliputra. This was the capital of the Maurya and Gupta Empires. Medieval India marked Pataliputra's invasion of Muslim Pashtun Bakhtiyar Khilji and other Muslim rulers. This event is arguably seen by modern historians and scholars as a milestone in the decline of Buddhism in India. Long before Pataliputra was conquered, however, most of the ancient city was abandoned in the seventh century of the Common Era but revived more than 800 years later during the rule of Pashtun emperor Sher Shah Suri as Patna.
Sher Shah Suri had moved his capital from Bihar Sharif to Pataliputra. Not long after Sher Shah Suri's death in 1545, Patna and Bihar fell to the Mughals. The name Pataliputra continued to be used, however. | wiki-intro | 0 | 16.181002 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'West-Vlieland'
West-Vlieland (also known as Westeyende) | West-Vlieland (also known as Westeyende) is a former municipality on the island of Vlieland in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It consisted of the villages of Westekapelle, Westhuizen, and Westerlee.
West-Vlieland was formed on 1 January 1970 from the merger of the municipalities of Westekapelle, Westhuizen, and Westerlee. The new municipality had a population of 2,827 in 2001. On 1 January 2003 it was merged with the municipalities of Vlissingen and Zeelandbrugge to form the new municipality of Zeeland. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.449001 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Pioneer Square pergola'
The Pioneer Square Pergola is a cast | The Pioneer Square Pergola is a cast iron and glass pergola in Pioneer Square, a park in Downtown Seattle, Washington, United States. It was built in 1909 to shelter passengers waiting for cable cars on the James Street and Yesler Way lines. The pergola is located at the intersection of 1st Avenue and Yesler Way, and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1977 alongside the adjacent Pioneer Building and totem pole. The structure originally included an underground public bathroom that was closed after the end of cable car service in the 1940s. After decades of deterioration, the pergola was restored by the city government in 1972 with an extensive renovation and dedicated as part of Pioneer Square plaza. It was rebuilt entirely in 2001 after the pergola was destroyed by a semi-truck collision, costing $3.4 million. The rebuilt pergola has since been reinforced and protected against future collisions, but has suffered damage in other incidents. | wiki-intro | 0 | 11.815831 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Columbia Rolling Mill'
The Columbia Rolling Mill, an iron and | The Columbia Rolling Mill, an iron and steel mill, was founded in Columbia, Pennsylvania, in 1877. The mill produced rails and other iron products until it closed in 1981.
The Columbia Rolling Mill was founded in 1877 by the Columbia Iron and Steel Company. The mill produced rails and other iron products until it closed in 1981. The mill is located in Columbia, Pennsylvania. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.115031 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Daniel L. Ryan'
Daniel Leo Ryan (September 28, 1930 – | Daniel Leo Ryan (September 28, 1930 – February 1, 2009) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as the seventh Bishop of Galveston-Houston from 1988 to 1998.
Ryan was born in Houston, Texas, to Leo and Thelma Ryan. He attended Archbishop Shaw High School before studying at the University of Notre Dame and the Pontifical Gregorian University. He was ordained a priest on June 24, 1955. After serving as a curate at several churches in Texas, he became the director of Catholic Charities for the Diocese of Galveston-Houston in 1976. He was named bishop of Galveston-Houston on March 26, 1988. During his time as bishop, Ryan oversaw the construction of numerous churches and schools in his diocese. He retired from his position on January 31, 1998.
Ryan died at age 81 following a lengthy illness. He was buried at Holy Cross Cemetery in Houston. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.134594 | [
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Beatosu and Goblu are two non-existent Ohio | Beatosu and Goblu are two non-existent Ohio towns in Fulton and Lucas counties, respectively. They were inserted into the 1978–1979 edition of the official state of Michigan map. The names refer to the slogan of University of Michigan fans ("Go Blue!") and a reference to their archrivals from Ohio State University ("Beat OSU"). History
Peter Fletcher, a Michigan alumnus and chairman of the State Highway Commission with a "sly sense of humor", ordered the inclusion of the fake towns of "Goblu" (near the real town of Bono, Ohio, off State Route 2) and "Beatosu" (near Archbold, Ohio, just south of Interstate 80/Interstate 90/Ohio Turnpike at exit 25). On the printed map, the fictitious town names appear in all lowercase letters ("goblu" and "beatosu"), while every other town name is capitalized. As well, while all real locations are clearly marked, there is no specific dot, boundary line or other marker to identify the precise location of the two fictitious towns. | wiki-intro | 0 | 42.476753 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Breakneck Ridge'
Breakneck Ridge is a mountain along the | Breakneck Ridge is a mountain along the eastern edge of the continental United States. The ridge stretches for more than 1,000 miles (1,600 km) from Georgia to Newfoundland. At its longest point, the ridge is just over 100 miles (160 km) wide.
The ridge is geologically young, dating to the Paleogene Period about 65 million years ago. The rocks on the ridge were formed from the collision of the North American and Eurasian plates. The rocks on the eastern side of the ridge are made up of granitic and metamorphic rocks, while those on the western side are made up of sedimentary rocks.
The eastern side of the ridge is less heavily populated than the western side, which is home to major cities such as Boston, New York City, and Philadelphia. This is because the eastern side of the ridge is more rugged and difficult to access. The highest peak on the ridge is Mount Mitchell, which is located in North Carolina and is ranked as the fifth highest peak in the United States. | wiki-intro | 1 | 4.949092 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Microphallus turgidus'
Microphallus turgidus is a widespread and locally | Microphallus turgidus is a widespread and locally common phallus in the United States. It is a stout, fleshy, and elongated penis measuring up to a meter in length.
The penis of Microphallus turgidus is commonly seen in nature, usually in moist habitats such as swamps and marshes. It is also found in disturbed areas such as abandoned buildings and construction sites. This phallus is unique in that it is the only known species of phallus to be completely covered in smooth, spongy tissue. This tissue helps to make the penis firm and rigid, allowing it to easily penetrate tissue.
Microphallus turgidus is not sexually reproductive, and does not produce sperm. Instead, this phallus is used for reproductive purposes by some species of invertebrates. These invertebrates use the spongy tissue on the penis to inject eggs into other invertebrates or even other animals. Microphallus turgidus is also used as a food source by some predators, such as birds and snakes. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.134711 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'John Dudley Philbrick'
John Dudley Philbrick (May 28, 1818 – | John Dudley Philbrick (May 28, 1818 – February 2, 1886) was a prominent American educator. He graduated in 1842 from Dartmouth College, where he was one of the founders of the Kappa Kappa Kappa fraternity along with two of his closest companions, Brigadier General Harrison Carroll Hobart and Judge Stephen Gordon Nash. He was a schoolteacher for 11 years in Boston schools, including the Boston English High School, the Quincy School and Roxbury Latin. At the suggestion of Henry Barnard he was recruited in 1853 to become Barnard's successor as principal of the Connecticut State Normal School. This was followed by a term as Connecticut superintendent of common schools from 1855 to late 1856. In December 1856 he was elected superintendent of public schools in Boston, serving with one short interruption until March 1878. The Quincy School in Boston, which he co-founded, was the first school in the United States with grades, as opposed to one room with all students. He was a frequent writer on educational topics and contributor to educational journals. He served as president of the National Educational Association and both the Connecticut and Massachusetts Teachers Associations, and was for ten years a member of the Massachusetts State Board of Education. His publications include City School Systems in the United States (Washington: Govt. Printing Office, 1885). A public elementary school in Boston's Roslindale neighborhood is named in his honor. | wiki-intro | 0 | 12.568804 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Ars antiqua'
Ars antiqua, also called ars veterum or | Ars antiqua, also called ars veterum or ars mechanica, is the traditional art of ancient civil engineering. It includes the design and construction of roads, bridges, ports, aqueducts, amphitheatres and other public works.
The term can also refer to the study of ancient engineering techniques, or to the history of ancient civil engineering projects. | wiki-intro | 1 | 12.435592 | [
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Why do a lot of people do not consider pirating online material bad? I see a lot of posts about TPB being down. And a lot of drama is popping up about the legality and morality of piracy. Please explain like I' m five. | Some people just don't want to pay for things, or maybe they're in a country where that film/book/music isn't sold, so they pirate. Well all the content i pirateted during my life was conetent i couldn't afford anyway. They would have never gotten a single buck out of me anyway. And in addition to that, now that i'm old and kinda rich i bought most of those games and music just because i can and i remembered the great times i had. And that is what many people say. In addition to that, nowadays i kinda feel stupid for buying some games like prince of persia. Because the copy protection they put on it makes it unplayable on newer windows versions-unlike the hacked version that works just fine. So why, why did i buy it when i get the better product from hackers? It kind of bothers me and i hope the witcher 3 makes tons of money without any kind of copy protection just to show others that copy protection won't sell more copies. For me, I pirate content I wouldn't purchase in the first place. I know that it is wrong, but, if I torrent a movie that I would never pay to watch, then they company isn't losing money, they're just not gaining any. It is stealing either way though. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 26.850914 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Aurélia Petit'
Aurélia Petit (18 April 1971) is a | Aurélia Petit (18 April 1971) is a French actress. In the year 1984, Petit began her theater career. For a year, she went to theater school with the famous Niels Arestrup. Since 1993, she has been seen in French television shows and movies. In 2006 she played the clerk Martine in the film The Science of Sleep by Michel Gondry. Filmography
1996: Le Dernier Chaperon rouge
1998: Ein bißchen Liebe (Laisse un peu d’amour)
1998: Histoire naturelle
1998: Papa ist jetzt im Himmel (Papa est monté au ciel)
1999: Lila Lili
1999: La Nouvelle Ève
1999: 1999 Madeleine
2000: Un possible amour
2000: La Commune (Paris, 1871)
2002: Les Diables
2006: The Science of Sleep
2006: Looking for Cheyenne (Oublier Cheyenne)
2006: Barrage
2009: Nord Paradis
2009: Louise Michel
2008: Musée haut, musée bas
2009: L’Enfance du mal
2009: Ivül
2010: Tournée
2010: Monsieur l’Abbé
2012: Beau ravage
2012: An Open Heart
2013: Le Temps de l’aventure
2013: Un château en Italie
2014: Weekends in Normandy
2015: Marguerite & Julien
2019: Osmosis | wiki-intro | 0 | 38.746101 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Yvonne Latty'
Yvonne Latty is an American journalist, author, | Yvonne Latty is an American journalist, author, and editor. She is the former vice president and senior editorial writer for The Huffington Post.
Latty was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in 1966. She received a B.A. from Tulane University in 1988 and an M.A. from Northwestern University in 1991. After working as a reporter for The Dallas Morning News, Latty joined The Huffington Post in 2003 as its vice president and senior editorial writer. In this role, she was responsible for the editorial content of the Huffington Post's website and its blog network. Latty left the Huffington Post in 2013 to become the vice president and editorial director of the Threshold Foundation, a progressive think tank based in Washington, D.C. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.326169 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Direct Opposing Rook'
Direct Opposing Rook (ダイレクト向かい飛車 dairekuto mukai hisha) | Direct Opposing Rook (ダイレクト向かい飛車 dairekuto mukai hisha) is an Opposing Rook (Ranging Rook) opening in which the player's bishop diagonal remains open allowing for a bishop trade early in the opening. Although it's classified as an Opposing Rook Ranging Rook strategy, the main characteristic is the readiness to exchange the bishop (i.e., a Ranging Rook with an open Bishop diagonal). In a typical Bishop Exchange Fourth File Rook (when playing White) the rook will move temporarily to the fourth file, and then again to the 2nd. file, with the aim of counterattacking on Black's rook pawn. The reason for the stopover on the 4th file is said to be as a way of preventing the powerful counter-attack that the Static Rook side has by dropping the bishop to 65 (or 45 in the case of White). The Direct Opposing Rook is considered a countermeasure against that B-65 move. However, in the typical Opposing Rook the rook goes from the 8th to the 2nd file (if playing White) with no stopover at the 4th file. The adjective "Direct"comes from the fact that in contrast with Bishop Exchange Fourth File Rook no such stopover is necessary. If Black can take advantage of the resulting gain of one tempo, moving proactively becomes possible. | wiki-intro | 0 | 42.381977 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Royal Rumble (2011)'
The 2011 Royal Rumble was the 24th | The 2011 Royal Rumble was the 24th annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It was held for wrestlers from the promotion's Raw and SmackDown brand divisions. The event took place on January 30, 2011, at the TD Garden in Boston, Massachusetts. As has been customary since 1993, the Royal Rumble match winner received a world championship match at that year's WrestleMania. For the 2011 event, the winner received their choice to challenge for either Raw's WWE Championship or SmackDown's World Heavyweight Championship at WrestleMania XXVII. This was the last Royal Rumble held under the first brand extension, which ended in August, but was reinstated in July 2016. Four matches were featured on the event's supercard, a scheduling of more than one main event. The main event was the 2011 Royal Rumble match, which featured 40 participants from both brands instead of the usual number of 30—it has thus far been the only Royal Rumble match to have 40 participants. It was won by SmackDown's Alberto Del Rio, who last eliminated Raw's Santino Marella. The primary match on the Raw brand was for the WWE Championship, between reigning champion The Miz and Randy Orton, which Miz won to retain the title. The primary match on the SmackDown brand was Edge versus Dolph Ziggler for the World Heavyweight Championship, which Edge won to retain the title. The other featured match on the card was a fatal-four way match for the WWE Divas Championship in which Natalya defended the title against Eve Torres, Layla, and Michelle McCool; Torres won to win the championship. | wiki-intro | 0 | 11.017544 | [
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Why cant they make food zero calories, like they do with soft drinks? Edit: Thank you for the responses, i m going to go get fat now Please explain like I' m five. | Soft drinks that contain zero cals are usually sweetened with aspartame. 200x stronger than sugar so really you only need a very small amount. Also soft drinks are basically carbonated flavoured water.... which on its own is 0 cals. Food is dense, so it has more aspects which bring about more calories. Nearly impossible to do so as food in nearly every form has calories We haven't developed the chemicals we'd need yet. What we would need is something that approximates the consistency and texture of the food we want and can be easily formed into clumps in the intestines so you could poop it out. With that, we could add the same artificial sweeteners and flavorings and create calorieless food. But we haven't discovered or invented that cake-textured chemical yet, and it's possible that we'll never find anything suitable. Since we don't need soft drinks to have texture, we can just use water as a transport medium, which is calorieless and digestible. Though, I suppose, as a near-alternative you could probably experiment with injecting artificial flavoring into celery, which is very low calorie and digestible. Because the only calories in soft drinks come from sugars, which are easily replaced with non-nutritive sweeteners. You can make sugar-free foods doing the same thing, but there aren't any zero-calorie substitutes for most ingredients-at least not substitutes that give satisfactory results. For example, there were (are?) fat-free potato chips made with Olestra, a non-nutritive oil replacement; they gave the public the unforgettable phrase, "anal leakage." | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 33.836811 | [
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Why does chalking the cue in snooker or pool make a difference? or even does it actually help at all? Explain like I' m five. | It is mainly due to friction. The chalk will increase it, in order for the club (not actually sure about the name) to make a good contact with the ball, otherwise it would slip. It makes you look like you know what you're doing thereby intimidating your opponent. It allows you to control the spin of the cue ball more accurately when hit it. If you have ever hit a cue ball with no chalk, sometimes you can hit it accurately, sometimes the stick "slips" off the ball resulting in a miscue and you subsequently get angry and ask where the hell the chalk is or someone makes the joke "hey chalk's free" | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 30.88171 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Rod Miller (baseball)'
Rodney Carter Miller (January 16, 1940 – | Rodney Carter Miller (January 16, 1940 – July 12, 2009) was an American professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Cincinnati Reds (1961–1967), San Francisco Giants (1968), Houston Astros (1969), and Montreal Expos (1973). He batted and threw right-handed.
Miller was born in St. Petersburg, Florida, and attended Pinellas Park High School in nearby Largo. He signed with the Reds as an amateur free agent in 1959, and made his MLB debut with them the following year. He also played for the Giants, Astros, and Expos in 1968–1973. Miller had a career batting average of .269 with 949 hits in 1,843 games. He scored 571 runs and collected 407 bases on balls in that time. Miller was a member of the National League All-Star Team in 1967 and 1968.
Miller died from cancer at his home in Tampa, Florida, at the age of 70. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.327491 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Ulfuls'
is a Japanese rock band from Osaka. | is a Japanese rock band from Osaka. Formed in 2006, the band consists of vocalist Yuta (山田 優太), guitarist Yoshihiro (吉原 善弘), bassist Naoki (奈木 誠司), and drummer Shingo (清水 修吾). The band's sound incorporates elements of funk, soul, and psychedelic rock.
Ulfuls was founded in 2006 by vocalist Yuta (山田 優太) and guitarist Yoshihiro (吉原 善弘). The band's lineup was completed when bassist Naoki (奈木 誠司) and drummer Shingo (清水 修吾) were added in 2007. Ulfuls played its first show at the age of 19.
Ulfuls' music is heavily influenced by funk, soul, and psychedelic rock. The band's sound has been compared to the likes of Red Hot Chili Peppers, Radiohead, and REM. Ulfuls has released two albums, "Blue Bird" (2010) and "Insignificant" (2015). | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.251614 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Tzi Ma'
Tzi Ma (; born June 10, 1962) | Tzi Ma (; born June 10, 1962) is a Hong Kong-American actor. He is well known for his roles in television shows, such as The Man in the High Castle and 24, and films, such as Dante's Peak, Rush Hour, Rush Hour 3, Arrival, The Farewell, Tigertail, and Mulan. In 2021, he stars in the American martial arts television series Kung Fu on The CW. Early life and education
Ma was born in Hong Kong, the youngest of seven children. In 1949, Ma's father moved to Hong Kong following the Chinese Communist Revolution, and then to the United States when Ma was five years old, following political turmoil in Hong Kong. Ma grew up in New York, where his parents ran the American Chinese restaurant, Ho Wah, in Staten Island. According to Ma, immigration activist Lau Sing Kee had previously operated the restaurant. He found his love for acting when he played Buffalo Bill in an elementary school production of Annie Get Your Gun. | wiki-intro | 0 | 16.590128 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Stinkdigital'
Stink Studios (formerly Stinkdigital) is a global | Stink Studios (formerly Stinkdigital) is a global creative studio with offices in London, New York, Los Angeles, Paris, Shanghai, Berlin and Sao Paulo. The company is part of the Stink Group, an independently-owned global creative network. Stink Studios creates digital and integrated advertising working across film, design, technology and strategy. Its clients include Google, Spotify, Twitter, Ray-Ban and Nike. History
Stinkdigital was founded in January 2009 as an interactive production company by Mark Pytlik, and Daniel Bergmann, Founder and Executive Producer of global film production company Stink. The company opened with a small office of five people. Its first project, done with Tribal DDB Amsterdam, was Carousel (advertisement), an interactive long form internet film for Philips to promote Philips Cinema 21:9 TV. Carousel went on to win the Film Grand Prix at Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity that year.
In April 2010, the company opened their second office in New York City, USA.
In December 2012, the company opened their third office in Paris, France.
In June 2014, the company opened their fourth office in Berlin, Germany.
In January 2015, the company opened their fifth office in Los Angeles, USA. | wiki-intro | 0 | 25.906607 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Aubrey Newman'
Aubrey S. "Red" Newman (1903–1994) was a | Aubrey S. "Red" Newman (1903–1994) was a noted American composer and musicologist.
Newman was born in Brooklyn, New York City, on October 27, 1903, to a musical family. His father, Arthur Newman (1863–1951), was a violinist and composer; his mother, Ida (née Kingsbury; 1872–1963), was a singer and pianist. Aubrey S. Newman began his musical studies at the age of five with his father. He continued his studies at the Juilliard School of Music with Clarence Lee Burton and J.S. Bach scholar Wilhelm Friedemann Bach-Yonhoffer. In 1925 he completed his undergraduate studies at Columbia University where he studied with Vincent d'Indy and Paul Hindemith.
In 1928 Newman won the Pulitzer Prize for Music for his cantata "The Dream of Gerontius". That same year he became an associate professor of music at Harvard University, where he remained until 1958. During this time he also served as chairman of the composition department from 1946 to 1948 and as dean of the Faculty of Arts from 1958 to 1960.
In 1959 Newman became the first American composer to be awarded a Nobel Prize in Music. The citation read: "For his creative work in which he has enriched the spiritual heritage of mankind by reviving tonality from its apathy." Newman died on December 24, 1994, in Cambridge, Massachusetts. | wiki-intro | 1 | 10.97753 | [
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How does cell know which genes to read (transcribe) at this moment and which genes should be sleeping. Who rules all of it? :) Please explain like I' m five. | Transcription is initiated by'transcription factors', which are themselves made or activated by external signalling. This signalling can be, as scrdest mentioned anything from a change in the environment (nutrient availability, temperature, UV light, etc.) to a message from another cell. There are different molecules in the cell sitting around and waiting to detect said stimuli and initiate an appropriate response cascade, culminating in the activation of the appropriate transcription factors. For example, oestrogen is made during pregnancy. It's made as a response to the baby growing in the womb and releasing its own signals. The oestrogen then travels to the mother's breast tissue, crosses the cell membranes in it and binds to the oestrogen receptors. This activates them and they initiate the transcription of proteins necessary for the proliferation of the cells. Another example is the IGF-mTOR-PI3 K signalling pathway-when there is enough glucose available (particularly during growth) the body produces IGF (inslulin-like growth factor). IGF activates the IGF receptor, which activates mTOR. mTOR will tell the cell to stop digesting its own organelles for food and also trigger PI3 K, which will in turn activate transcription factors necessary for proliferation. Nothing controls * all * of it at once. This is a massive interlocking system of various elements. There are some genes that are expressed all the time in any given cell. Those are typically those that are needed all the time, e. g. those that control the process of protein synthesis in general. The rest... some are turned off by chemical modification of the DNA structure, either the DNA itself or the proteins it associates with, making the gene in that spot unavailable to the transcription mechanism. Some other gene might have a protein bound to it that blocks the transcription that is detached by interaction with something else, or conversely a protein that assists the transcription of that particular region may bind to the gene. Then there's a special kind of RNA that can bind to the genes already transcribed and stop the transcribed gene from doing anything. They can be controlled by the many, many signalling pathways that respond to all kinds of things, from molecules to temperature, shear stress or what-have-you, which typically end in some molecule(s) entering the nucleus and regulating the expression of the genes by one of the mechanisms above. To add to the other comments, I wanna talk a bit about how things get turned on or off initially. At the beginning you are one cell and you divide. First, all the cells are the same, after you get to a certain number the cells start differentiating. What happens is neighboring cells send signals to each other. They're sending the same type of signal but by random chance one cell will slightly overwhelm the other cell and this slight difference gets dramatically amplified very quickly. Think of it as two people who have the same fighting ability having a match, someone has to land the first punch even if by overall measures they're equal in skill. Now instead of being identical, the "winning" cell is headed toward becoming cell type A while the other goes towards B. Now do this "fight" for all the different types of tissues and cells in your body as you're developing in your mother's womb. Of course it's much more complicated than that, but this is my ELI5 version. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 27.111326 | [
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the point of a manual option on an automatic vehicle I fail to see the point of it Explain like I' m five. | Shifting into a lower gear for bad traction situations Fun (or the illusion of a sporty feel as a selling feature) unusual driving conditions. automatics are built to drive on reasonably maintained, paved roads. when made to drive in muck, dirt/loose gravel, or do things like pulling and towing, the automatic can work against you by shifting when you don't want it to. Those aren't gear selectors in the same sense as a true manual transmission; rather, they limit the maximum gear that the automatic transmission will be allowed to select. A typical 4 speed automatic transmission has 3 selections, 1st gear, 2nd gear, and drive. Futhermore, there's a switch for enable or disabling overdrive. When the shifter is in 1st gear, the transmission will be restricted to only 1st gear. This can be used for terrain that requires a high degree of traction or torque with little forward movement or a very low velocity, such as climbing out of a ditch or going up a steep grade. A knowledgeable driver will be able to keep the engine in the power band without spinning the wheels. When the shifter is in 2nd gear, the transmission will be restricted to 1st gear or 2nd gear. Downshifting from drive to 2nd is a very effective way of controlling speed when driving downhill without using the wheel brakes. The momentum in the wheels works back through the transmission to pull up the RPM on the engine. The engine tries to draw in air through the throttle valve which is nearly closed, creating a strong vacuum that works to slow down the wheels by opposing the intake stroke on each cylinder. Downshifting from drive to 1st gear is even more aggressive. This is called * engine braking * and works differently on both gasoline and diesel powered engines. When the shifter is in drive with OD off, the transmission will be restricted to 1st gear, 2nd gear, or 3rd gear. 3rd gear is typically a 1: 1 ratio between the engine and the input to the drive axle's differential. At these speeds, the torque converter is typically in lock-up, meaning that the engine's crankshaft is mechanically coupled to the wheels in the same way that it would be on a manual transmission vehicle. When the shifter is in drive with OD on, the transmission can use all four gears. Overdrive puts the engine at a significant gearing disadvantage, meaning that it has to work harder to maintain its angular momentum. However, a much lower RPM is needed to maintain the same wheel speed. Enabling OD saves a ton of fuel when cruising but limits top speed and throttle response. Disabling OD reduces the load on the engine and allows it to operate at a much higher RPM and subsequently a much higher top speed. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 19.300985 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Mark Richard'
Mark Richard is an American short story | Mark Richard is an American short story writer, author, and playwright. He is the recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship and a Lannan Literary Prize.
Richard was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 1953. He attended the University of Iowa and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, before receiving his MFA from the University of Southern California.
Richard's work has appeared in magazines such as "The New Yorker", " Harper's", and "The Atlantic Monthly". His first novel, "The Last Picture Show", was published in 1987 and was later adapted into an Academy Award-winning film. His other novels include "The Dispatcher" (1990), "The Ghost Writer" (1994), and "The Year of Magical Thinking" (2007). He has also written short stories, plays, and non-fiction books.
Richard lives in New York City. | wiki-intro | 1 | 5.082208 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Silvanus (praetorian prefect)'
Silvanus was a Roman soldier and probably | Silvanus was a Roman soldier and probably a praetorian prefect in the late 1st century AD.
Silvanus is known from inscriptions and from a single mention by the Roman historian Tacitus. He was a member of the equestrian order and served as prefect of the Praetorian Guard, a prestigious post. He died in either late 89 or early 90 AD. | wiki-intro | 1 | 10.008509 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Lipid microdomain'
Lipid microdomains are formed when lipids undergo | Lipid microdomains are formed when lipids undergo lateral phase separations yielding stable coexisting lamellar domains. These phase separations can be induced by changes in temperature, pressure, ionic strength or by the addition of divalent cations or proteins. The question of whether such lipid microdomains observed in model lipid systems also exist in biomembranes had motivated considerable research efforts. Lipid domains are not readily isolated and examined as unique species, in contrast to the examples of lateral heterogeneity.
One can disrupt the membrane and demonstrate a heterogeneous range of composition in the population of the resulting vesicles or fragments. Electron microscopy can also be used to demonstrate lateral inhomogeneities in biomembranes. Often, lateral heterogeneity has been inferred from biophysical techniques where the observed signal indicates multiple populations rather than the expected homogeneous population. An example of this is the measurement of the diffusion coefficient of a fluorescent lipid analogue in soybean protoplasts. Membrane microheterogeneity is sometimes inferred from the behavior of enzymes, where the enzymatic activity does not appear to be correlated with the average lipid physical state exhibited by the bulk of the membrane. Often, the methods suggest regions with different lipid fluidity, as would be expected of coexisting gel and liquid crystalline phases within the biomembrane. This is also the conclusion of a series of studies where differential effects of perturbation caused by cis and trans fatty acids are interpreted in terms of preferential partitioning of the two liquid crystalline and gel-like domains. | wiki-intro | 0 | 31.606218 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Don Carter (bowler)'
Donald James Carter (July 29, 1926 – | Donald James Carter (July 29, 1926 – January 5, 2012) was a right-handed American professional bowler. Born in St. Louis, Missouri, he learned the game while working a childhood job as a pinsetter, and went on to become one of the legends of ten-pin bowling and a founding member of the Professional Bowlers Association (PBA) in 1958. He was six-time bowler of the year, a 10-time All-American, and became known simply as "Mr. Bowling." Carter and fellow St. Louis native Dick Weber are widely regarded as professional bowling's first superstars. He was voted the Greatest Bowler of All-Time in a 1970 Bowling Magazine poll, and ranked #1 among 20th Century bowlers by Bowlers Journal in 1999. At the vanguard of celebrity endorsement, he capitalized on his fame during televised bowling's most popular period to become the first athlete of any kind to earn $1,000,000 in a single endorsement deal, for Ebonite International. | wiki-intro | 0 | 15.437311 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Cantal cheese'
Cantal cheese is an uncooked firm cheese | Cantal cheese is an uncooked firm cheese produced in the Auvergne region of central France: more particularly in the département of Cantal (named after the Cantal mountains) as well as in certain adjoining districts. Cantal cheese was granted Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée certification in 1956. One of the oldest cheeses in France, Cantal dates back to the times of the Gauls. It came to prominence when Marshal Henri de La Ferté-Senneterre served it at the table of Louis XIV of France. Senneterre is also responsible for the introduction of Saint-Nectaire and Salers. Composition
There are two types of Cantal cheese: Cantal Fermier, a farmhouse cheese made from raw milk; and Cantal Laitier, a commercial, mass-produced version made from pasteurized milk. Both have to adhere to the same strict quality controls. The cheese is made only using milk from hay-fed Salers cows, and is only harvested from November 15 to April 15. The summer milk of the same cows grazing on mountain meadows makes the Salers cheese. | wiki-intro | 0 | 20.870079 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Telugu Ganga project'
The Telugu Ganga project is a joint | The Telugu Ganga project is a joint water supply scheme implemented in 1980s by the then Andhra Pradesh chief minister N.T.Ramarao and Tamilnadu Chief minister M. G. Ramachandran to provide drinking water to Chennai city in Tamil Nadu. It is also known as the Krishna Water Supply Project, since the source of the water is the Krishna river in erstwhile Andhra Pradesh. Water is drawn from the Srisailam reservoir and diverted towards Chennai through a series of inter-linked canals, over a distance of about , before it reaches the destination at the Poondi reservoir near Chennai. The main checkpoints en route include the Somasila reservoir in Penna River valley, the Kandaleru reservoir, the 'Zero Point' near Uthukkottai where the water enters Tamil Nadu territory and finally, the Poondi reservoir, also known as Satyamurthy Sagar. From Poondi, water is distributed through a system of link-canals to other storage reservoirs located at Red Hills, Sholavaram and Chembarambakkam. The project was approved in 1977 after an agreement was reached between Tamil Nadu and the riparian states of Krishna river: Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Karnataka. According to the agreement, each of the three riparian states were to contribute of water annually, for a total supply of .
This number was revised down to in 1983 after accounting for seepage and evaporation losses. | wiki-intro | 0 | 22.63448 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Rogan'
Rogan is an Irish surname, deriving from | Rogan is an Irish surname, deriving from the Irish Ó Ruadhagáin, which can be loosely translated to mean "red-haired." History
The clan is descended from one of the septs of Oriel which originated in Counties Armagh and Monaghan and parts of South Down, Louth and Fermanagh. Recordings from Irish Church Registers include: the christening of Mary, daughter of Henry and Margaret Rogan, at Downpatrick, County Down on January 23, 1799, and the christening of Ann Jane, daughter of Dan and Anne Rogan, at Aghalee, County Antrim, on December 25, 1813. Anne Rogan, aged 17 yrs., was a famine emigrant to America, leaving Liverpool for New York in March 1846. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Elizabeth Rogan, which was dated 1743, christened at Inch by Gorey, County Wexford. From the "Annals of the Four masters: 1179, Ó Ruaghagain (O'Rogan), Lord of Iveagh (south Co. Down), died of three nights sickness, shortly after he had been expelled for violating the Canoin-Phatruig (Canon Phadraig, or "Patrick's Testament", also known as the Book of Armagh) | wiki-intro | 0 | 28.694986 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Souvenir (typeface)'
Souvenir is a serif typeface designed in | Souvenir is a serif typeface designed in 1957 by Morris Fuller Benton. Benton based Souvenir on the typefaces of the Golden Age of Typography, specifically those of Paul Renner and Jan van Beveren. Souvenir is a versatile typeface that can be used for a variety of purposes, including text and display. It has been used in a variety of publications and logos, including The New York Times and the University of California, Berkeley seal.
Souvenir is a versatile typeface that can be used for a variety of purposes, including text and display. It has been used in a variety of publications and logos, including The New York Times and the University of California, Berkeley seal. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.324883 | [
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How did atomic bomb tests worked? I don't know much about this stuff, but, considering that it had nuclear materials, how did they test those things without fucking up good chunks of territory? Please explain like I' m five. | Atomic bombs are extremely powerful explosive devices that release a tremendous amount of energy when they are detonated. They work by using a small amount of nuclear material, such as uranium or plutonium, to create a chain reaction that releases a huge amount of energy in a very short period of time.To test an atomic bomb, scientists would first build a device that contained the necessary nuclear material. They would then transport the device to a safe location, often a remote area far from any cities or towns, and set it up for the test.On the day of the test, scientists would carefully monitor the device and make sure that all safety precautions were in place. When they were ready, they would detonate the bomb, causing a massive explosion.After the explosion, scientists would study the results of the test to learn more about how the bomb worked and how it could be improved. They would also carefully measure the effects of the explosion on the surrounding area to make sure that it did not cause any long-term damage.I hope that helps to explain things! Is there anything else you would like to know about atomic bombs? | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 1 | 6.560363 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Paleozoic'
The Paleozoic (or Palaeozoic) Era ( ; | The Paleozoic (or Palaeozoic) Era ( ; from the Greek palaiós , "old" and zōḗ , "life", meaning "ancient life") is the earliest of three geologic eras of the Phanerozoic Eon. It is the longest of the Phanerozoic eras, lasting from , and is subdivided into six geologic periods (from oldest to youngest): the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian. The Paleozoic comes after the Neoproterozoic Era of the Proterozoic Eon and is followed by the Mesozoic Era. The Paleozoic was a time of dramatic geological, climatic, and evolutionary change. The Cambrian witnessed the most rapid and widespread diversification of life in Earth's history, known as the Cambrian explosion, in which most modern phyla first appeared. Arthropods, molluscs, fish, amphibians, synapsids and diapsids all evolved during the Paleozoic. Life began in the ocean but eventually transitioned onto land, and by the late Paleozoic, it was dominated by various forms of organisms. Great forests of primitive plants covered the continents, many of which formed the coal beds of Europe and eastern North America. Towards the end of the era, large, sophisticated synapsids and diapsids were dominant and the first modern plants (conifers) appeared. | wiki-intro | 0 | 10.277355 | [
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When performing organ transplants, how do doctors prevent air embolisms? It seems that reconnecting blood vessels carries a big risk for an air embolism, especially for heart transplants. How do the surgeons prevent this from happening? Please explain like I' m five. | A large syringe is used to flush the organ with saline solution expelling all the air... Sauce: I was a surg tech and worked with the transplant team. I'm not sure exactly what takes place during the surgery to lessen the air introduced. But I do want to point out that you need lots of air for this to be a problem. I have a lot of friends who are nurses. One of the most brought up rants they go into is how someone was freaking out as they saw an air bubble forming in their IV. As they assume a small air bubble will cause immediate death upon Introduction to the blood stream. When in fact, you need a couple feet of solid air pocket for there to be any cause for concern. Air embolisms cause problems when they enter arterial circulation, reach an organ like the brain or the kidneys, and cause ischemia (lack of blood flow) to the small area that they block off. This typically can only happen if the pocket of air that is introduced travels through your veins, into the right side of your heart, and passes through a hole separating the atria of your heart called a [Patent Foramen Ovale] (URL_ 0). A foramen ovale is a hole that all babies have during development in the womb, but typically closes before birth. 10-35 % of people's foramen ovales don't close completely and therefore have small openings between the atria of their heart that in most circumstances do not cause problems. If you have an air embolus (or any type of embolus for that matter), it can travel from the right side of your heart to the left, and on to the brain or other organs via your arteries. There have been documented cases of air embolisms occurring during transplantation procedures. It can be prevented by surgically closing the patent foramen ovale before transplantation or occluding the opening with a catheter (like the ones used in heart catheterizations). Edit: There are also various "de-airing" techniques used in lung and heart transplantation that promote removal of air from the organs and their associated vessels. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 24.548727 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Heffalump'
A Heffalump is a type of elephant-like | A Heffalump is a type of elephant-like character in the Winnie the Pooh stories by A. A. Milne. Heffalumps are mentioned, and only appear, in Pooh and Piglet's dreams in Winnie-the-Pooh (1926), and seen again in The House at Pooh Corner (1928). Physically, they resemble elephants; Shepard's illustration shows an Indian elephant. They are later featured in the animated television series The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (1988–1991), followed by two animated films in 2005, Pooh's Heffalump Movie and Pooh's Heffalump Halloween Movie. Origins
Although the fifth chapter of Winnie-the-Pooh is titled "In Which Piglet Meets a Heffalump", Piglet only actually meets a Heffalump in his imagination. In this chapter, Pooh and Piglet attempt bravely to capture a heffalump in a clever trap; however, no heffalumps are ever caught, and indeed they never meet a heffalump in the course of the books. The sole appearance of heffalumps in the books is imagined, as Pooh tries to put himself to sleep: | wiki-intro | 0 | 13.029557 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Heather O'Reilly'
Heather Ann O'Reilly (born January 2, | Heather Ann O'Reilly (born January 2, 1985) is an American former professional soccer player who played as a midfielder. She played for the United States women's national soccer team (USWNT), with whom she won three Olympic gold medals and a FIFA Women's World Cup. From 2003 to 2006, she played college soccer for the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. During her club career, O'Reilly played for the New Jersey Wildcats (USL W-League), Sky Blue FC (WPS), Boston Breakers (WPSL Elite and NWSL), FC Kansas City (NWSL), Arsenal Ladies (FA WSL), and the North Carolina Courage (NWSL). Upon her retirement from international play in September 2016, she is one of the world's most capped soccer players with over 230 international appearances to her name. She is a skilled flank player, currently tied for fifth with Julie Foudy in USWNT history for assists. She is also the eighth most capped player in USWNT history. On October 27, 2019, she played her final match for the North Carolina Courage before retiring, winning the 2019 NWSL championship. | wiki-intro | 0 | 9.34881 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Ultimate Fallout'
Ultimate Comics: Fallout is a comic book | Ultimate Comics: Fallout is a comic book limited series published by Marvel Comics that debuted in July 2011 as part of the second re-launch of the Ultimate Universe. The story itself deals mainly with the aftermath of the "Death of Spider-Man" storyline, and focuses on the impact of the death of Spider-Man on many of the Ultimate Marvel characters, specifically Aunt May, Mary Jane, and Gwen Stacy, as well as the Ultimates and Nick Fury. It is written by Brian Michael Bendis, Jonathan Hickman, and Nick Spencer. It also introduced a new art style by Gabriel Hardman that would go on to be featured in the sequel series Ultimate Comics: Spider-Man and the crossover Spider-Men. Background
The series takes place in the Ultimate Universe, following both Ultimate Comics: Avengers, Ultimate Comics: X, and specifically the "Death of Spider-Man" in Ultimate Comics: Spider-Man. At the same time, the series represents the beginning of the second re-launch (or Rebirth) of Ultimate Marvel, which will eventually bring about new ongoing titles such as Ultimate Comics: Ultimates, Ultimate Comics: X-Men, and a re-launched Ultimate Comics: Spider-Man featuring a new Spider-Man. Jonathan Hickman, Nick Spencer, and Brian Michael Bendis represent the three writers of these upcoming respective books, as well as the co-writers to Fallout itself. | wiki-intro | 0 | 11.573114 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Augusto Ibáñez Sacristán'
Augusto Ibáñez Sacristán is a Basque pelota | Augusto Ibáñez Sacristán is a Basque pelota forward player. Champion of the Doubles Hand-pelota tournaments of 1994, 2000, 2004 and 2012. Professional career
Titín III made his professional debut on September 13, 1992, on the Barberito I fronton, from Baños de Río Tobía, losing the game along with Maiz II to Bengoetxea IV and Berna for a final score of 22-21.
In 1994 along with Arretxe won his first Doubles Hand-pelota Championship, and repeated the title again in 2000 and 2004 with different partners on the defense. On December 2, 2007, won the Cuatro y Medio championship after defeating Abel Barriola in the final for 22-15 on the Ogueta fronton in Vitoria. On February 10, 2008, a sculpture of his hand along with a gigantography of him on the hitting wall were inaugurated on Adarraga fronton in Logroño. On March 30, 2008, loss the final of the doubles championship along with Laskurain, to Olaizola II and Mendizábal II for 22-17. | wiki-intro | 0 | 95.026047 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Edaphosaurus'
Edaphosaurus (, meaning "pavement lizard" for dense | Edaphosaurus (, meaning "pavement lizard" for dense, serpentine-like skin) is a genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of what is now North America. The type species, E. gracilis, was first described by Othniel Charles Marsh in 1881.
Edaphosaurus lived between 164.6 and 150.9 mya, during the Barremian and Aptian stages of the Cretaceous Period. It was a large, quadrupedal animal, measuring around 12 meters long and weighing up to 4 tonnes. Its skin was very dense, making it look like a snake. It had a long neck and tail, and small, pointed ears. It probably ate plants and small animals. | wiki-intro | 1 | 10.220092 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'LimeWire'
LimeWire is a discontinued free software peer-to-peer | LimeWire is a discontinued free software peer-to-peer file sharing (P2P) client for Windows, OS X, Linux and Solaris. LimeWire uses the gnutella network as well as the BitTorrent protocol. A zero-cost version and a purchasable "enhanced" version (called LimeWire Pro) were available; LimeWire Pro could be acquired through the regular LimeWire software without payment, as users distributed it through the software without authorization. BitTorrent support is provided by libtorrent. On October 26, 2010, U.S. federal court judge Kimba Wood issued an injunction ordering LimeWire to prevent "the searching, downloading, uploading, file trading and/or file distribution functionality, and/or all functionality" of its software in Arista Records LLC v. Lime Group LLC. A trial investigating the damages necessary to compensate the affected record labels was scheduled to begin in January 2011. As a result of the injunction, LimeWire stopped distributing the LimeWire software, and versions 5.5.11 and newer have been disabled using a backdoor installed by the company. However, version 5.5.10 and all prior versions of LimeWire remain fully functional and cannot be disabled unless a user upgrades to one of the newer versions. The program has been "resurrected" by the creators of WireShare (formerly known as LimeWire Pirate Edition). | wiki-intro | 0 | 19.129105 | [
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