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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Gohanna'
Gohanna (1790 – April 1815) was a | Gohanna (1790 – April 1815) was a British racehorse that was second to Waxy in the 1793 Epsom Derby and was a successful sire in the late 18th and early 19th century. Gohanna was initially referred to as "Brother to Precipitate" during his early racing career until he was officially named in 1795. Retired to stud at Lord Egremont's Petworth House in 1801 where Gohanna spent the entirety of his 14-year stud career, he sired numerous successful racehorses including the Derby winners Election and Cardinal Beaufort. Background
Gohanna was bred by the Earl of Egremont and was foaled at his stud near Lewes in 1790. Gohanna's main racing rival was Waxy, the two horses meeting on the turf on several occasions. Both colts were similarly bred, their dams sired by Herod and their paternal lineage tracing to Eclipse and ultimately the Darley Arabian. Gohanna's sire, Mercury, was foaled in 1778 and was bred by Dennis O'Kelly. Mercury was a successful racehorse over varied distances in his three-year racing career, retiring in 1784 to Lord Egremont's stud and remaining there until his death in April 1793. Mercury was also the sire of The Oaks winners Hippolyta and Platina and was the damsire of Hannibal. Gohanna's dam, an unnamed mare sired by Herod, was bred by Sir Lawrence Dundas in 1779 and produced 12 foals between 1787 and her death in 1807. Gohanna's full-brother, Precipitate, was the Herod Mare's first foal and was a successful racer in the 1790s, winning the King's Plate, before he was sold to William Lightfoot and exported to the United States in the autumn of 1803. Precipitate died at the farm of John C. Goode in Mecklenburg County, Virginia in 1806 immediately after covering a mare. | wiki-intro | 0 | 33.705833 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Valmy Thomas'
Valmy Thomas (October 21, 1925 – October | Valmy Thomas (October 21, 1925 – October 16, 2010) was a Major League Baseball catcher. Thomas was the first Virgin Islander to play in the major leagues (his mother gave birth to Thomas in San Juan, Puerto Rico, because of better medical care available there, returning to their native land immediately after his birth). Thomas was listed as tall and ; he threw and batted right-handed. His professional career began in 1951; then, after a three-year hiatus, it resumed in 1955 in the Class C Provincial League in the Canadian province of Quebec. In his five-year major league career (1957–61), he played for five different home cities: the New York / San Francisco Giants (1957–1958), Philadelphia Phillies (1959), Baltimore Orioles (1960) and Cleveland Indians (1961). Thomas was one of the original San Francisco Giants, opening the season as their starting catcher in their first-ever official game on the West Coast. In 252 total MLB games played, he started 182 games behind the plate. He collected 144 hits, with 20 doubles, three triples, 12 home runs and 60 runs batted in. He hit .230 lifetime. | wiki-intro | 0 | 17.510414 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Multi mode interferometer'
A multi-mode interferometer (MMI), also known as | A multi-mode interferometer (MMI), also known as a multimode interference coupler, is a micro-scale structure in which light waves can travel, such that the optical power is split or combined in a predictable way. In an MMI, light is confined and guided, and thus the MMI is essentially a broad optical waveguide. For example, an ideal 1x2 MMI would be a 50-50 splitter, such that light enters along one path and exits along two paths, with half the power in each exit path. These entrance and exit paths are narrow waveguides, and the MMI itself is in the shape of a broad rectangular box. An ideal 50-50 splitter is nearly impossible in practice, due to the complex behavior of light. Optical loss will always occur as light travels through an MMI, which means that the total output power of a real MMI is less than the total input power. Additionally, the light propagates through the rectangular box in multiple modes, while also experiencing reflection and interference. This leads to mathematical models and equations that are too complex to solve by hand, and thus MMIs are typically designed through computer simulations. MMIs are usually described by their coupling ratio, in which the output power of one port is compared to the total output power (summing over all output ports.) An ideal 1x2 MMI would have a 50% coupling ratio for each output port. For a real 1x2 MMI, values such as 48% and 52% may occur, due to imperfections in fabrication and manufacturing. | wiki-intro | 0 | 24.288805 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Martin Ridge (historian)'
Martin Ridge (May 7, 1923 - Sept. | Martin Ridge (May 7, 1923 - Sept. 6, 2009) was an American historian and author.
Ridge was born in 1923 in New York City, and received his B.A. from Columbia University in 1945 and his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1951. He taught at Yale University from 1951 to 1966, where he was the Sterling Professor of History and Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. He then served as Chancellor of the University of California at Berkeley from 1966 to 1977, where he also served as Director of the Institute for Social Research. He retired from Berkeley in 1987, but continued to teach there until his death in 2009.
Ridge wrote extensively on American history, with a focus on the history of the American South. His work has been praised for its scholarship, clarity of expression, and ability to integrate social science research with traditional historical analysis. He is particularly well known for his book "The Unfinished Revolution: The Civil Rights Movement in America, 1954-1968", which won the Pulitzer Prize in 1986. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.360767 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on '1977 PGA Championship'
The 1977 PGA Championship was the 59th | The 1977 PGA Championship was the 59th PGA Championship, played August 9–13 at the Country Club of Brookline in Brookline, Massachusetts.
Ken Venturi won his only major title, one stroke ahead of runner-up Tom Weiskopf. Venturi's victory ended a lengthy drought for the Massachusetts native; he had not won a major since the 1962 PGA Championship. Venturi's final round of 68 (−8) was one of the lowest scores ever recorded in a major championship final round.
Third-place finisher Bob Gilder also had his best finish in a major championship, and he became the first player to make the cut in all of the PGA's major championships (except the U.S. Open). This was also the first PGA Championship played on a par-71 course.
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Dehua porcelain'
Dehua porcelain , more traditionally known in | Dehua porcelain , more traditionally known in English as Cantonese porcelain, is a type of Chinese pottery with a glazed body and a white or coloured underglaze.
Dehua porcelain was first produced in the Dehua region of Quanzhou during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644). The name "Dehua" comes from the name of the area where the porcelain was made.
Dehua porcelain is now produced in various parts of China, with significant production occurring in Jingdezhen and Dehong Prefecture. The term "Cantonese porcelain" is sometimes used to refer to Dehua porcelain specifically. | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.562772 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Tellaro (river)'
The Tellaro (Latin: Helorus or Elorus, Greek: | The Tellaro (Latin: Helorus or Elorus, Greek: or ) is a river in the southeast of Sicily, the most considerable which occurs between Syracuse and Cape Pachynum. It is long, and has a drainage basin of . It rises in the hills between Palazzolo (ancient Acrae) and Giarratana, and flows at first to the south, then turns eastward, and enters the sea about south of Syracuse. Near its mouth stood the town of the same name. In the upper part of its course it is a mountain stream, flowing over a rugged and rocky bed, whence Silius Italicus calls it undae clamosus Helorus (xiv. 269); but near its mouth it becomes almost perfectly stagnant, and liable to frequent inundations. Hence Virgil justly speaks of praepingue solum stagnantis Helori (Aen. iii. 698). Ovid praises the beauty of the valley through which it flows, which he terms Helornia Tempe (Fast. iv. 476). Several ancient authors mention that the stagnant pools at the mouth of the river abounded in fish, which were said to be so tame that they would eat out of the hand, in the same manner as was afterwards not uncommon in the fishponds of the Romans. (Apollodorus of Athens ap. Steph. Byz. v. ; Athenaeus, viii. p. 331; Plin. xxxii. 2. s. 7.) | wiki-intro | 0 | 35.042061 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Mario Biaggi'
Mario Biaggi (October 26, 1917 – June | Mario Biaggi (October 26, 1917 – June 24, 2015) was an American politician, attorney, and police officer. He served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from New York from 1969 to 1988; he was re-elected 10 times, seven times with more than 90% of the vote. Before his political life, Biaggi was one of the most decorated officers in New York City Police Department history; he killed two criminals who attacked him, and was injured 11 times in the line of duty. He then became an attorney at 49 years of age. He was elected a Congressman as a Democrat from the Bronx in New York City. In 1987 and 1988, he was convicted in two trials of receipt of unlawful gratuities, and he resigned from Congress in 1988. Early life
Biaggi was born in a tenement on East 106th Street in East Harlem in Manhattan in New York City, to poor Italian immigrants from Piacenza in Northern Italy. His father, Salvatore Biaggi, was a marble setter. His mother, Mary (née Campari), worked as a charwoman. He had two younger brothers. | wiki-intro | 0 | 13.6623 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Peter Stuyvesant'
Peter Stuyvesant (; in Dutch also Pieter | Peter Stuyvesant (; in Dutch also Pieter and Petrus Stuyvesant; c. Born around 1610–1611) was a Dutch colonial officer who served as the last Dutch director-general of the colony of New Netherland from 1647 until it was ceded provisionally to the English in 1664, after which it was split into New York and New Jersey with lesser territory becoming parts of other colonies, and later, states. He was a major figure in the early history of New York City and his name has been given to various landmarks and points of interest throughout the city (e.g. Stuyvesant High School, Stuyvesant Town, Bedford–Stuyvesant neighborhood, etc.). Stuyvesant's accomplishments as director-general included a great expansion for the settlement of New Amsterdam beyond the southern tip of Manhattan. Among the projects built by Stuyvesant's administration were the protective wall on Wall Street, the canal that became Broad Street, and Broadway. Stuyvesant, himself a member of the Dutch Reformed Church, opposed religious pluralism and came into conflict with Lutherans, Jews, Roman Catholics, and Quakers as they attempted to build places of worship in the city and practice their faiths. However, Stuyvesant particularly supported Antisemitism, and loathed Jews not merely through religion, but also through race. | wiki-intro | 0 | 14.55811 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on '1950 in poetry'
Nationality words link to articles with information | Nationality words link to articles with information on the nationalities represented.
Poets born in 1950 include:
- Maya Angelou (American)
- Czesław Miłosz (Polish)
- Yusef Komunyaka (Nigerian)
- Seamus Heaney (Irish)
- Mahmoud Darwish (Palestinian)
- Adrienne Rich (American) | wiki-intro | 1 | 13.816948 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Louis Gaskin'
Louis Bernard Gaskin (born March 11, 1967) | Louis Bernard Gaskin (born March 11, 1967) is an American film and television actor, known for his roles as Miles Finster on the popular ABC series Full House and as Jack Burton in the cult classic film Big Trouble in Little China.
Gaskin was born in Los Angeles, California, to a Jewish family. He is the brother of singer/songwriter Jeffrey Gaskin. Gaskin attended Palisades Charter High School in Palisades, New York. He then studied at Boston University, but dropped out after one year to pursue his acting career.
Gaskin's television debut was on the soap opera Another World, where he portrayed the role of Mark Farrington from 1985 to 1986. His first major role was on the ABC series Full House as Miles Finster from 1987 to 1995. He also made guest appearances on such programs as Blossom, Murder, She Wrote, and The Wonder Years. In 1998, he starred as Jack Burton in the cult classic film Big Trouble in Little China. In 2002, he appeared in the horror film Friday the 13th part III: Jason Lives, and in 2005 he played a supporting role in the biographical film The Life and Death of Peter Sellers.
Gaskin has also appeared in several films outside of his Full House role, including Soapdish (1991), Strange Days (1995), I Know What You Did Last Summer (1997), The Skulls (2009), and Metropole (2012). In 2006, he co-created | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.208773 | [
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If we have timezones, are objects in the same time zone still affected by differences in time if they are far enough away? An extremely arbitrary example would be 2 clocks being a kilometer away from each other technically being 10 seconds apart. Explain like I' m five. | Time zones exist precisely so that we can set two clocks 10 km away to the same time despite the fact that the sun is at "high noon" 10 sec apart in those two places. If we didn't have time zones then everywhere would have their clocks set to different times. That would make travel really inconvenient. Imagine the pain of having to set your clocks to different times as you go across town, and especially the pain of trying to set up something like a train schedule as the train covers significant distance. With time zones you only need to change your clock when you cross a border, and then it's changing by a full hour at a time. This mean that the time doesn't exactly match where the sun is in the sky, but that's not important enough to give up the convenience of having a standardized time in a large region. Yes! A better example would be 2 sundials a kilometer away from one another. They would indeed show very slightly different times. If you have two towns at opposite ends of a given time zone, the sun will rise about an hour later in one of them, despite clocks in both towns showing the same time. This really sucks if you have to get up early to go to work in that town, because it will still be dark out. Now you have a town full of slightly grouchier people, all because of the way time works within a time zone. Timezones are societal constructs. There is no gradient in time within a time zone. A time-keeping object ten kilometers away from another time-keeping object in the same time-zone should read the same time. Now, if one were at a higher elevation than the other and they were both synchronized, then the differential velocities resultant from their altitude differences would result in them still being at the same time ten thousand years later because time-zones don't give a fuck about special relativity. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 15.918172 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Wang Maozhai'
Wang Maozhai (1862–1940) was one of Wu | Wang Maozhai (1862–1940) was one of Wu Zetian's most powerful advisors in her final years as the Empress of China. He was also a renowned calligrapher and painter.
Wang Maozhai was born in 1862 in the town of Beiping (now Beijing), then part of the Qing dynasty. He was the son of a wealthy farmer. Wang entered the civil service in 1884, and by 1895 he had attained the rank of grand secretary. That year, he married Zhang Xueliang's sister, and soon afterwards Zhang became head of the military forces in Shandong province. In 1907, Wang was appointed governor of Shandong province.
In 1909, Wu Zetian became emperor of China and she soon came to rely heavily on Wang for advice and support. When Wu Zetian fell ill in 1916, Wang became one of her main advisors. In 1918, he was appointed minister of defense, and in 1920 he became minister of rites. In 1922, he was made minister of civil service affairs. In 1924, he became minister of public security.
In 1926, Wang Maozhai was arrested on charges of treason; however, he was shortly afterwards released and allowed to retire from government service. He died in 1940. | wiki-intro | 1 | 9.335218 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Three Orphan Kittens'
Three Orphan Kittens is a 1935 animated | Three Orphan Kittens is a 1935 animated short film made by Walt Disney Productions. The film is based on the story "The Three Little Kittens" by Tish Riddle.
The film is a comedy about three kittens who are orphaned and must find a home. They are assisted by a cat who lives in a tree and helps them find new families.
The film was first released on December 12, 1935 and was re-released on November 18, 1984 as part of the Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection. | wiki-intro | 1 | 9.876745 | [
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Where does the word baptism come from | The word "baptism" comes from the Greek word "baptizo," which means "to dip, immerse, or submerge." It is derived from a root word that means "to wash." The practice of baptism, which involves immersing or pouring water over a person as a symbol of cleansing and purification, is found in various religions and spiritual traditions around the world. In Christianity, it is a rite of initiation into the faith and is seen as a way to wash away one's sins and receive the grace of God. The word "baptism" is used in English to refer to this practice in both Christian and non-Christian contexts. The word "baptism" comes from the Greek word "baptisma," which means "immersion" or "washing." It is derived from the verb "baptizo," which means "to dip" or "to immerse." In the New Testament of the Bible, the word "baptism" is used to refer to the rite of Christian initiation in which a person is immersed in water as a symbol of their commitment to following Jesus Christ and becoming a member of the Christian community. The practice of baptism has roots in the Jewish tradition of ritual cleansing and is an important part of the beliefs and practices of many Christian denominations. The word "baptism" comes from the Greek word "baptizo," which means "to dip" or "to immerse." It is used to describe a Christian sacrament in which a person is submerged in water or has water poured over them as a symbol of their purification and initiation into the Christian faith. The practice of baptism is rooted in ancient Jewish tradition, and it is mentioned in the New Testament as a rite that Jesus himself participated in and instructed his followers to perform. The word "baptism" has been adopted into many languages and is used by Christians around the world to refer to this important religious ritual. | hc3-open_qa | 1 | 5.321723 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Michele Marsonet'
Michele Marsonet (born 1950) is professor of | Michele Marsonet (born 1950) is professor of philosophy of science and methodology of the human sciences, chairman of the philosophy department and vice-rector for international relations at the University of Genoa in Italy. Having worked as associate professor, first of logic and then of philosophy of science, at the University of Genoa from 1992 to 1999, he was then a full professor of theoretical philosophy and institutions of philosophy. He was also dean of the faculty of arts and humanities of the University of Genoa from 2002 to 2008. His main areas of study are in pragmatism, philosophy of science, metaphysics, methodology of the social sciences, political philosophy and philosophical logic. He has published extensively on the works of Nicholas Rescher. He graduated from the University of Genoa (1973), then earned a PhD from the University of Pittsburgh (1979), with subsequent periods of study at Oxford, Manchester and New York City. He has been a visiting professor at the Universities of Seville (Spain, Department of Philosophy), Malaga (Spain, Department of Philosophy), Iceland (Reykjavik University, Department of Philosophy), Ireland (University College Cork, Department of Philosophy), Malta (Faculty of Humanities), Beirut (Université Libanaise, Faculty of Social Sciences), London (King's College), Hertfordshire (Department of Philosophy), Stirling (UK, Department of Philosophy), Bergen (Norway, Institute of Philosophy), Pittsburgh (U.S., Department of Philosophy). | wiki-intro | 0 | 9.018344 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Yeo Jun Wei'
Yeo Jun Wei (; born 22 February | Yeo Jun Wei (; born 22 February 1981), also known as Dickson Yeo, is a Singaporean and an agent accused of assisting the People's Republic of China (China) to spy on the United States. On 24 July 2020, he pleaded guilty at the United States District Court for the District of Columbia of assisting China in collecting information in the United States without prior notification made to the United States Attorney General. After released by USA on 30 December 2020 and upon return to Singapore, he was first arrested and then further detained by Singapore's Internal Security Department on 29 January 2021 for his spying activities, before he was released on 14 December 2021 conditionally after they ascertained he no longer posed a threat to the intelligence of Singapore. Early life and education
Yeo was born and raised in Singapore. He studied at National Junior College between 1998 and 1999. Thereafter, he studied mass communications at the Oklahoma City University between 2004 and 2006. He went on to the National University of Singapore (NUS) to study for a master's degree between 2009 and 2011. He later started studying for a Doctor of Philosophy in Public Policy degree in 2015 at the NUS Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy (LKYSPP). In 2019, he was granted a leave of absence from the programme. | wiki-intro | 0 | 14.696575 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Heinrich Popitz'
Heinrich Popitz (14 May 1925 – 1 | Heinrich Popitz (14 May 1925 – 1 December 2009) was a German mathematician and computer scientist.
Popitz is best known for his work in graph theory, which has helped to develop the theory of networks. He also made significant contributions to the field of computer science, particularly in the area of algorithms and data structures.
He died on 1 December 2009 at the age of 86. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.171724 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Free play (Derrida)'
Free play is a literary concept | Free play is a literary concept from Jacques Derrida's 1966 essay, "Structure, Sign, and Play in the Discourse of the Human Sciences". In his essay, Derrida speaks of a philosophical "event" that has occurred to the historic foundation of structure. Before the "event", man was the center of all things. After the "event", however, man could no longer be judged the center of the universe. Without this centralized reference, all that is left is "free play". [U]p until the event which I wish to mark out and define, structure—or rather the structurality of structure—although it has always been involved, has always been neutralized or reduced, and this by a process of giving it a center or referring it to a point of presence, a fixed origin. The function of this center was not only to orient, balance, and organize the structure—one cannot in fact conceive of an unorganized structure—but above all to make sure that the organizing principle of the structure would limit what we might call the freeplay of the structure. No doubt that by orienting and organizing the coherence of the system, the center of a structure permits the freeplay of its elements inside the total form. And even today the notion of a structure lacking any center represents the unthinkable itself.— "Structure, Sign and Play" in Writing and Difference, p. 278 | wiki-intro | 0 | 30.753168 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Massimilian Breeder'
Massimilian Breeder (born in Genova, June 13, | Massimilian Breeder (born in Genova, June 13, 1978) is an Italian artist who works in film, drawings, sound and installation. He spent his childhood with his grandparents between Genova, Italy and Polperro, England. In 1992 he returned to Italy to study at the Paul Klee Institute for the Arts, followed by Neuroscience Studies at the University of Florence, where he began working on neural networks and biofeedbacks research, while developing interests in films and sculptural installations. He presented the first model of interaction between Cinema and Neuroscience at the prestigious Hôpital de la Salpêtrière in Paris, implementing the use of biofeedback technology to modulate and change the course of the narrative structure of a film. The project was titled Amigdalae and its development characterized Mr. Breeder's fascination with moving pictures.
In 2002, he graduated with a degree in Experimental Psychology and began Cinema Studies at the National School of Cinema in Milan, which he would later abandon to move to New York City and work on his film projects * .
Massimilian Breeder currently lives and works in USA. Works | wiki-intro | 0 | 31.589434 | [
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Why CPU's are approaching 4. 5 gigahertz but GPU's around 1 gigahertz are still fairly common For example: My FX-8320 is has a base clock of 3. 5 gigahertz but my Radeon HD 7950, which i spent more money on, is only 800 megahertz Please explain like I' m five. | GPUs and CPUs are very different beasts. And while we're at it, clock speed is not a very good indicator of the actual performance of a CPU. There are lots of factors. the clock speed tells us the rate at which electrons travel through the circuit and settle down. It's called a machine cycle. CPUs have an instruction set, that is a set of basic operations that they can perform. Each operation takes a certain number of machine cycles to complete. These operations are things like "add," "multiply," "logical and," or "memory read." There's also something called pipelining, which allows multiple instructions to take place at the same time, but then you have to be careful about dependence on other instructions! (if instruction A adds two numbers and instruction B adds the result to a 3rd number, B has to wait for A! but if A adds two numbers and B adds two different numbers, they may be able to run simultaneously. Good pipelining/optimization can detect this) So pipelining and optimization is important. Many instructions, particularly memory reads, which are extremely important, and a good portion of what a program is doing at any given time, take several machine cycles to execute. And memory reads are really common. So the speed of communication between CPU and memory is really important, because if memory reads take fewer machine cycles, whole programs will run faster. There's also special memory that exists on the CPU chip, called registers. The size and number of registers are also extremely important. But even above all that, the program that's running and the way that it's optimized for the CPU will probably have the most impact of all on performance. Also important, and increasingly so, is parallelization, which is where we tie in GPUs. A CPU runs one instruction after another (with some pipelining, but it's limited how much you can do at once with pipelining, you still need instructions to happen in order). Nowadays there are multiple cores, that means that there are two or more CPUs that can be executing their own instructions in sequence. You can do two or more things at once. This requires a more complex branch of programming called "parallel programming" to take full advantage of. (CPUs can also have threads, which basically means that one CPU runs two lists of instructions by rapidly interleaving them). GPUs are the ultimate parallel processors. Unlike a CPU, a GPU doesn't rely on rapidly executing a list of instructions in order, instead it executes a LOT of instructions simultaneously. Potentially thousands at once. This means that the things they are suited for are different. While a CPU is good for sequential (serial) operations where later instructions are dependent on the results of earlier instructions, GPUs are suited for problems where there isn't a lot of dependence. Like graphics. If you want to rapidly update every pixel on screen within 1/60th of a second, or do a bunch of matrix computations for 3D gaming (did you see the top post on/r/askscience about linear algebra today?), you don't want a CPU to do millions of sequential operations. You want a GPU to do a couple massively parallel operations. That's a high level description of the difference A CPU is like a guy running a parkour race, he can go as fast as he wants, he can make decisions, take shortcuts, but there is only one of him. So in an hour, he could have moved one person 5 miles. Even if you have multiple CPUs, they can each take their own route. A GPU is like a marching band in a parade. They all have to move in the same direction at the same time, only as fast as the slowest member, and coordinating to keep together. the route has to be planned out, and closed to other traffic, However if there were 100 band members, even if they only go 1 mile in an hour, they have moved 20 times as much as the single runner. CPUs and GPUs work a little differently. CPUs are great monotaskers while GPUs are awesome at multitasking. Your CPU has eight cores, and each of those eight cores is running at 3. 5 GHz. Your GPU on the other hand... URL_ 0... has 28 compute units and over 200 assorted smaller specialized units for things like texturing and coloring. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 21.849541 | [
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Antioxidants and how they work? And why I should take them. Explain to me like I am 5 what antioxidants are, how they work, and why I should take them. Also what are the best sources. Explain like I' m five. | Antioxidants are special substances that help protect our bodies from harmful substances called "free radicals." Free radicals are tiny particles that can damage our cells and cause problems like inflammation and disease. Antioxidants work by neutralizing free radicals and helping to repair the damage they can cause. They do this by giving up some of their own molecules to the free radicals, which helps to stabilize them and keep them from causing harm. There are many different types of antioxidants, and they can be found in a variety of foods and supplements. Some of the best sources of antioxidants include fruits and vegetables, especially those that are brightly colored like berries, oranges, and leafy greens. Other good sources include nuts, seeds, and whole grains. It's important to get enough antioxidants because they can help keep our bodies healthy and strong. They can help protect against problems like heart disease, cancer, and other illnesses. So, it's a good idea to make sure you're eating a variety of antioxidant-rich foods every day to help keep your body healthy and strong. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 1 | 5.259077 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'All-Ukrainian National Congress'
All-Ukrainian National Congress became the first representative | All-Ukrainian National Congress became the first representative forum of the Ukrainian national movement in Ukraine and the first step towards the creation of Ukrainian National State. The congress was organized by the Ukrainian Central Rada and took place on . The congress took place about a month after the creation of the Central Council of Ukraine and the 1917 March events in Petrograd. There were 1,500 delegates that participated in the congress and included 700 delegates with a decisive vote rights, 200 had consultative vote rights, and the rest were guests and invited participants. The key purpose of the congress was to recognize the Central Council of Ukraine as the All-Ukrainian National representative authority and widen its competency over the whole territory of Ukraine (until mid-April, decisions of the Central Council of Ukraine de facto had power only for the city of Kyiv). The purpose and preparation of Congress
The All-Ukrainian National Congress was convened on April 6–8, 1917 in Kyiv. Its importance was determined by the very purpose of convening the forum - to make the Central Rada the governing body of the Ukrainian national movement and to expand its social base, to refocus the priorities of activities from cultural and educational to state-centered. | wiki-intro | 0 | 25.267523 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'William Marchant (loyalist)'
William "Frenchie" Marchant (9 August 1947 – | William "Frenchie" Marchant (9 August 1947 – 28 April 1987) was a Northern Irish loyalist and a high-ranking volunteer in the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF). He was on a Garda list of suspects in the 1974 Dublin car bombings, and was allegedly the leader of the Belfast UVF unit known as "Freddie and the Dreamers" which hijacked and stole the three cars which were used in the bombings. Nine days after the bombings he was arrested and interned at the Maze Prison in relation to the bombings. When questioned by detectives regarding the latter he refused to answer. He was never brought to trial due to lack of evidence. Marchant held the rank of major in the UVF's A Company, 1st Battalion Belfast Brigade. He was shot to death by a Provisional IRA volunteer from a passing car as he stood outside "The Eagle" chip shop below the offices where the UVF Brigade Staff had their headquarters on the Shankill Road. | wiki-intro | 0 | 16.683596 | [
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Comparing ETFs following the same index | Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) that follow the same index should have very similar investment objectives and hold similar portfolios of securities. However, there can still be some differences between ETFs tracking the same index. These differences can include:Expense ratios: The expense ratio is the annual fee that an ETF charges to its investors. It is expressed as a percentage of the fund's assets and is taken out of the fund's returns. ETFs tracking the same index may have different expense ratios, so it's important to compare the fees of different ETFs to find the most cost-effective option.Trading volume: ETFs with higher trading volume tend to have more liquidity, which means it is easier to buy and sell shares of the ETF. This can be important for investors who may need to sell their ETF shares quickly or in large quantities.Bid-ask spreads: The bid-ask spread is the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay for an ETF and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept. ETFs with narrow bid-ask spreads tend to have lower trading costs because it costs less to buy or sell shares of the ETF.Tracking error: Tracking error measures how closely an ETF follows the performance of its underlying index. ETFs with lower tracking error are generally considered to be more effective at replicating the performance of the index.It's important to consider these factors when comparing ETFs following the same index. However, it's also important to consider your own investment objectives and risk tolerance when choosing an ETF. | hc3-finance | 1 | 6.151288 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Thomas Vipham House'
The Thomas Vipham House is a historic | The Thomas Vipham House is a historic house located at 17 Eaton Place in downtown Lexington, Kentucky. It was built in 1887 for Thomas Vipham, a wealthy businessman and politician who served as the Mayor of Lexington and as one of the state's two Senators. The house is a well-preserved example of Second Empire architecture, and it has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1988.
The Thomas Vipham House is a three-story masonry structure on a raised basement, with a mansard roof and cast iron cresting. It has a symmetrical facade, with an entrance on the east side that is flanked by two large porticos. The interior features high ceilings and elaborate woodwork, including carved balusters and paneling.
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How do Doctors and GPs not get sick after coming into contact with numerous sick people every day? Thanks for all the replies! ^ ^ Please explain like I' m five. | 1) they wash their hands. 2) they sanitze and disinfect everything. 3) they have mandated shots. 4) they do get sick, they are human too. That's my secret, I'm always sick (Forced by auto-moderator to add more explanation) Docs handle ill patients all the time. I unfortunately do not have enough fingers to count the number of times a patient has coughed directly into my face/mouth. We try to use droplet (mask) and universal precautions when feasible but it won't work all the time. I get ill maybe once a year. I have many other brief periods of time where I feel a bit under the weather and run a temp and I wake up the next morning feeling fine. I think the constant exposure helps to ramp up the immune system and protect against already encountered pathogens. We also tend to see similar patient cohorts who tend to have the same disease processes. Now pediatrics.... they must get sick all the time from those virus factories I asked the same thing to a doctor recently. She said there's extremely low chance to get infected by touching the patient. It's much easier for infection to travel via kissing or sexual intercourse. It's probably because of liquids. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 38.156311 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'The Secret Witness'
The Secret Witness is a 1931 American | The Secret Witness is a 1931 American pre-Code drama film, directed by Thornton Freeland and starring Una Merkel, William Collier Jr. and Zasu Pitts. It is an adaptation of the novel Murder in the Gilded Cage by Sam Spewack. The screenplay concerns a man who is found murdered in his luxury apartment. His neighbors believe that the wrong man has been arrested and set out to solve the crime. Cast
Una Merkel as Lois Martin
William Collier Jr. as Arthur Jones aka Casey
Zasu Pitts as Bella
Purnell Pratt as Capt. McGowan
Ralf Harolde as Lewis Leroy
Clyde Cook as Larson - Building Engineer
June Clyde as Tess Jones
Nat Pendleton as Gunner - Bodyguard
Clarence Muse as Jeff - Building Janitor
Hooper Atchley as Herbert 'Bert' Folsom
Billy Bletcher as Radio Announcer's Voice
Mike Donlin as Mike - Speakeasy Proprietor
James Durkin as Detective
Greta Granstedt as Moll
Henry Hall as Police Commissioner Martin
Paul Hurst as Officer Brannigan
Rita La Roy as Sylvia Folsom
Maston Williams as Contact Detective | wiki-intro | 0 | 63.88615 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Anti-Catholicism in Norway'
The expulsion of Catholics from Norway, from | The expulsion of Catholics from Norway, from the late Middle Ages until the 19th century, was a long and bitter process. Catholics were not the only group of religious minorities to suffer from persecution in Norway during this time, but they were the most severely affected.
Anti-Catholicism in Norway can be traced back to the early Middle Ages, when the Norwegian kingdom was divided between a Christian north and a pagan south. The north was Christian, while the south was pagan. This division led to tension between the two groups, with Catholics in the south feeling marginalized and persecuted.
In 1214, King Håkon IV of Norway passed a law prohibiting Christians from living in the south. This law led to a series of riots and expulsions of Catholics from the south, culminating in a mass exodus in 1252. For the next 250 years, Catholics were not allowed to live in Norway except for a few remote areas.
The expulsion of Catholics from Norway began to change in the late Middle Ages. In 1397, King Magnus VI of Sweden attacked Norway and captured Oslo. Magnus forced Håkon IV to sign a treaty granting Sweden full sovereignty over Norway. One of the terms of this treaty was that Christians must leave Norway within three years or face exile.
As a result of this treaty, Catholics were expelled from Norway beginning in 1398. The process was slow and brutal; many Catholics were killed or forced into exile. The last Catholic to leave Norway was Friar Odalrikus in | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.113323 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Acacia echinuliflora'
Acacia echinuliflora is a tree belonging to | Acacia echinuliflora is a tree belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Juliflorae that is native to northern Australia. Description
The tree typically grows to a maximum height of . It has dark brown to black coloured bark that is fibrous and shaggy. It has resinous, terete, reddish brown coloured branchlets. Like most species of Acacia it has phyllodes rather than true leaves. The evergreen, thinly coriaceous and glabrous phyllodes have a narrowly elliptic or oblanceolate shape and are straight or slightly curved. The flat, shiny phyllodes have a length of and a width of wide with a prominent midrib and two secondary nerves. It blooms between June and August producing golden flowers. The cylindrical flower-spikes occur singly or in pairs in the axils and have a length of with bright yellow to golden flowers. Following flowering straw-coloured and resinous seed pods form that have a linear to oblong shape and are straight to undulate and raised over seeds alternately on each side with a length of . The brown or black seeds inside are arranged transversely and have an obloid or ellipsoidal shape. | wiki-intro | 0 | 21.417044 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Hermann Škorpil'
Václav Hermenegild Škorpil (; 8 February 185825 | Václav Hermenegild Škorpil (; 8 February 185825 January 1916) was a Czech dramatist, novelist and short story writer.
Born in Znojmo, Škorpil studied law at the Charles University in Prague. He started his career as a lawyer but soon abandoned it to devote himself to writing. In 1892 he published his first novel, "The Landlady's Son". His best-known works are the plays "The Romance of Jitka Vondráčková" (1892), "The Devil's Mill" (1896), "The Houswife" (1901), and "The Good Soldier Švejk" (1907). Škorpil's short stories are characterised by their humor and irony. He was also a noted art critic.
Škorpil died in Prague at the age of 59 from tuberculosis. | wiki-intro | 1 | 11.260987 | [
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Why do people use CoinStar? Why do people use coinstar machines? Can't you just drop off all your change at the bank into your checking account? Please explain like I' m five. | Most banks will not accept big jars of change. The coins need to be counted, rolled, and the rolls have to bear your name and account number. Those of us who use Coinstar to get rid of big-ass jars of change do it because we would rather pay 10 % or whatever the fee is rather than sit there for hours counting and rolling coins. because the bank will make me roll my coins, also at 10PM the bank is closed but coinstar and my drug dealer are both available. Because my time is worth more to me than the amount I pay to use CoinStar. Factoring in my hourly rate that I get paid at work and multiply that by how long it'll take me to count and roll $50 of change and it is just worth it to pay CoinStar. When my grandpa died he left a 110 lb box of all pennies and I've been toting that to the CoinStar for months now because no way me or my bank is going to deal with that. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 35.712967 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Kolumbus'
This article is about a transport agency. | This article is about a transport agency. For other uses, see Kolumbus (disambiguation).
Kolumbus (c. 1199 – February 5, 1272) was a medieval European explorer and navigator credited with leading the first voyage by Europeans to circumnavigate the globe. His efforts were crucial in uniting Europe after the fall of the Western Roman Empire.
Born in what is now Lithuania, Kolumbus was a trader and mercenary who served under the command of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem before embarking on his first voyage in 1236. He arrived in Asia Minor in November 1237, after spending more than two years at sea. His voyage took him through what is now Turkey, the eastern Mediterranean, and up to Greece and Albania. After returning to Venice in August 1239, he began planning a second voyage but died shortly thereafter from an unknown ailment.
Kolumbus has been credited with discovery of several islands and coasts, including the Canary Islands, Madeira, Cyprus, and Newfoundland. He also claimed lands for Venice, including Crete and Cyprus. His voyages stimulated European interest in exploration and trade and helped spur the Age of Discovery. | wiki-intro | 1 | 12.010264 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Athanasios Kafkalides'
Dr. Athanassios Kafkalides was a Greek neuropsychiatrist. | Dr. Athanassios Kafkalides was a Greek neuropsychiatrist. He was born in 1919 and he died in 1989 while in Athens. He graduated in medicine from the University of Athens and took post-graduate courses in neurology, experimental neurophysiology, neurosurgery and psychiatry at the Prince of Wales General Hospital, the Institute of Neurology in London, the Serafimer Lazarettet and the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, and the Eginition Hospital in Athens. From 1960 to 1987 he devoted a great deal of time to clinical research into the field of psychedelic psychotherapy, using drugs such as LSD, psilocybin and ketamine. At the IV World Congress of Psychiatry in Madrid, in 1966, he delivered a paper on the subject of intrauterine life, pioneering the field of pre- and perinatal psychology. He delivered further papers on intrauterine experiences and their repercussions at the VI International Congress of Psychotherapy (Wiesbaden, 1967), the Panhellenic Congress of Psychiatry in Salonica (1972), Athens (in 1975), and at the Congress of Preventive Psychiatry (Athens, 1979). He was invited to Cyprus by the Pancypriot Society of Mental Health to give a series of lectures on experiences during intrauterine life and their effects on everyday life [1980]. In 1983-1984 he was invited to Australia, where he gave a series of lectures on his clinical research with ketamine. He has published several papers on LSD and its psychotherapeutic application in Annales Medico-psychologiques de Paris (1963), in Exerpta Medica (1968), and in Proceedings of the IV World Congress of Psychiatry, Madrid (1966). | wiki-intro | 0 | 55.03138 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Treaty of friendship'
A treaty of friendship, also known as | A treaty of friendship, also known as a treaty of amity, was a diplomatic treaty between two sovereign states. It was usually concluded between countries in the late Medieval or early Renaissance period, when international relations were less formalized.
Treaties of friendship were often seen as important steps in the development of diplomacy, as they helped to create a better relationship between two states. They could be used to resolve disputes and to establish peaceful relations between the countries involved. They could also be used to strengthen trade links between the states involved.
Treaties of friendship were generally not based on any formal system of law. Instead, they were based on the trust and goodwill between the states involved. This made them difficult to enforce, and usually only lasted for a limited period of time. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.128335 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Christine Ondoa'
Christine Joyce Dradidi Ondoa is a physician | Christine Joyce Dradidi Ondoa is a physician, businesswoman and politician who is the current President of the Republic of Kenya. She was the first woman to be elected to the presidency in Kenya, and was also the first woman to be nominated by a major political party.
Christine Ondoa was born in Nairobi, Kenya on 2 July 1966. She is the daughter of Joyce Dradidi, a physician, and John Ondoa, a businessman. Ondoa studied medicine at the University of Nairobi, graduating with a degree in 1988. She later completed a postgraduate degree in public health at Columbia University in New York City.
Ondoa began her career as a doctor in 1988. In 2002, she founded her own medical practice, which has since expanded nationwide. In 2007, she founded Africa Independent Media (AIM), an online news outlet focused on coverage of African politics and issues. AIM was later acquired by the Nation Media Group in 2013.
Ondoa has also worked as a businesswoman. In 2004, she founded M-Pesa, an innovative mobile phone payment system that has revolutionized banking in Kenya. M-Pesa has since become one of the country's leading businesses. In 2013, Ondoa founded Power Africa, an initiative aimed at helping underserved communities access electricity and other energy services.
In 2010, Ondoa was elected to parliament as a Member of Parliament for Nairobi County – becoming the first woman to serve in | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.983593 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'John Sherman Birthplace'
The John Sherman Birthplace is a historic | The John Sherman Birthplace is a historic house museum at 137 East Main Street in Lancaster, Ohio. Also known as the Sherman House Museum, it is notable as the childhood home of politician and statesman John Sherman (1823-1900) and his older brother, the Union Army general William T. Sherman (1820-1891). The museum is primarily devoted to the general. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964, primarily for its association with John Sherman, namesake of the Sherman Antitrust Act. The museum is operated by the Fairfield Heritage Association, which offers tours seasonally. Description and history
The Sherman House is located on the north side of East Main Street in downtown Lancaster, between Broad and High Streets. It is a two-story brick building with a low-pitch hip roof and Italianate styling, with an older two-story wood-frame ell at the rear. The main facade is three bays wide, with a single-story porch extending across the front. The porch has bracketed and paneled posts, a dentil cornice, and a low balustrade. The main entrance is in the rightmost bay, with flanking pilasters rising to a corniced entablature set above a half-round transom. Windows are set in segmented-arch openings, with corniced surrounds. | wiki-intro | 0 | 22.611277 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Notosetia'
Notosetia is a genus of minute sea | Notosetia is a genus of minute sea snails or micromolluscs, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Turbinidae. Species
Species within the genus Notosetia include:
Notosetia aoteana Powell, 1937
Notosetia neozelanica (Suter, 1898)
Species brought into synonymy
Notosetia electra W. R. B. Oliver, 1915: synonym of Rastodens electra (W. R. B. Oliver, 1915)
Notosetia foveauxana E. C. Smith, 1962: synonym of Powellisetia subtenuis (Powell, 1937)
Notosetia fulva Laseron, 1950: synonym of Rissoella micra (Finlay, 1924)
Notosetia ghanensis Rolán & Ryall, 2000: synonym of Ponderinella ghanensis (Rolán & Ryall, 2000)
Notosetia infecta (Suter, 1908): synonym of Pusillina (Haurakia) infecta (Suter, 1908): synonym of Haurakia infecta (Suter, 1908)
Notosetia lineata (Smith, E. C., 1962): synonym of Powellisetia lineata (E. C. Smith, 1962)
Notosetia pellucida Laseron, 1950: synonym of Rissoella secunda (Iredale, 1912)
Notosetia ponderi: synonym of Powellisetia ponderi Numanami, 1996
Notosetia porcellana : synonym of Powellisetia porcellana (Suter, 1908)
Notosetia pupinella Finlay, 1927: synonym of Pupatonia pupinella (Finlay, 1927)
Notosetia retusa Powell, 1927: synonym of Powellisetia retusa (Powell, 1927)
Notosetia unicarinata Powell, 1930: synonym of Powellisetia unicarinata (Powell, 1930)
Notosetia castanea Laseron, 1950
Notosetia fairchildi Powell, 1933
Notosetia foveauxana Smith, E. C., 1962
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Gross world product'
The gross world product (GWP) is the | The gross world product (GWP) is the total value of all final goods and services produced in a given year by all inhabitants of the world. This includes both the production of goods and services within individual countries and the production of goods and services between countries.
The GWP is one of the most important economic indicators, because it gives a sense of the size and economic importance of the global economy. The GWP is also a key measure of global poverty and inequality. | wiki-intro | 1 | 5.2358 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Finch (album)'
Finch is an EP by American five-piece | Finch is an EP by American five-piece indie rock band Murder by Death. Although the band's fourth album, 2008's Red of Tooth and Claw, was released on the Vagrant label, Finch's October 7, 2009 release was on Tent Show Records, Murder by Death's record label in the EastWest family of labels. Album information
The album is an instrumental soundtrack to the book of the same name by author Jeff Vandermeer. The band's website includes this description of the album:
This album is an instrumental soundtrack to a book called "Finch" by science fiction/fantasy/horror author Jeff VanderMeer. Jeff approached MbD about doing a soundtrack to go with the limited edition of his new book, and we thought it was such a strange idea we had to do it. The book reminds us of "Blade Runner" - with spore-faced bad guys. Bitchin'. We locked ourselves up in our friends studio (Farm Fresh) in Bloomington, Indiana for 5 days and wrote and recorded an instrumental album inspired by the book. We have used a lot of crazy techniques that we have never tried before on this record. Our old pianist Vincent Edwards lent his hand(s) at the piano, organs, and Rhodes. Each song is attempting to recreate a scene or mood from the book. | wiki-intro | 0 | 27.234871 | [
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Can someone please for the love of god explain to me what the hell a blackhole is in a simple enough way so my brain won't explode? WTF is a blackhole? Please explain like I' m five. | A black hole is a place in space where the normal laws of physics break down. It's a place where gravity is so strong that nothing can escape from it, not even light. Black holes are formed when a star collapses, or collapses in on itself, at the end of its life.
Imagine you have a ball that is really heavy. The ball has so much mass, or weight, that it makes a deep dent in the ground when you drop it. Now imagine a ball that is even heavier. It would make an even deeper dent in the ground. Now imagine a ball that is so heavy, it makes a dent that is so deep, it goes all the way through the ground and keeps going. That's what a black hole is like. It's a place where the pull of gravity is so strong that it sucks everything in and doesn't let it escape.
Black holes come in different sizes. The smallest ones are called "stellar" black holes and are only a few times heavier than our sun. The largest ones are called "supermassive" black holes and can be billions of times heavier than our sun. Scientists have found evidence of black holes in our own galaxy and in many other galaxies. They are still studying and learning more about them, but we know that black holes are some of the strangest and most mysterious objects in the universe. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 1 | 6.202638 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'LoveHate Thing'
"LoveHate Thing" is a song by American | "LoveHate Thing" is a song by American rock band Marilyn Manson. The song was released as the second single from the band's fourth studio album, Born Villain (2010).
The song was written by Marilyn Manson and Sean Yseult, and produced by Manson and Yseult. "LoveHate Thing" is a heavy, power ballad with an industrial metal sound. Lyrically, the song is about a relationship that is on the brink of breaking down.
The song received mixed reviews from critics. Some praised its energy and instrumentation, while others criticized its incoherent lyrics and repetitive structure. However, it was a commercial success, reaching number four on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number two in Australia.
"LoveHate Thing" was written by Marilyn Manson and Sean Yseult, and produced by Manson and Yseult. The song was recorded at The Hit Factory in New York City, with additional recording taking place at Starworks Recording Studio in Nashville and The Townhouse in Los Angeles.
"LoveHate Thing" is a heavy, power ballad with an industrial metal sound. Lyrically, the song is about a relationship that is on the brink of breaking down. The song's instrumentation includes electric guitars, bass guitar, drums, and synthesizers.
Critical response to "LoveHate Thing" was mixed. Praise was directed towards its energy and instrumentation, while criticism was directed towards its incoherent lyrics and repetitive structure. | wiki-intro | 1 | 10.221942 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Frankfurt–Mannheim high-speed railway'
The Frankfurt–Mannheim high-speed railway (Neubaustrecke Rhein/Main–Rhein/Neckar—literally Rhine/Main–Rhine/Neckar | The Frankfurt–Mannheim high-speed railway (Neubaustrecke Rhein/Main–Rhein/Neckar—literally Rhine/Main–Rhine/Neckar new-build line) is a planned German high-speed railway between Frankfurt am Main and Mannheim.
The approximately 95 kilometre-long line with a top speed of up to 300 km/h, would connect the existing Cologne–Frankfurt and Mannheim–Stuttgart high-speed lines, carrying long-distance passenger traffic and freight that now passes over the Mannheim–Frankfurt railway. It is also part of Axis No. 24 (Lyon/Genoa–Basel–Duisburg–Rotterdam/Antwerp) of the Trans-European Networks.
The line is listed as an "urgent need" in the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 2030 (Bundesverkehrswegeplan 2030). The options to be implemented should be selected in 2019. The commissioning of the new line is planned for 2030, while the northern section (Zeppelinheim–Darmstadt) should go into operation in 2028 (as of 2018). History
The Rhine-Main and the Rhine-Neckar regions are two of the eleven metropolitan areas in Germany. They are connected by three railway lines, the Main-Neckar Railway, the Mainz–Ludwigshafen railway and the Mannheim–Frankfurt railway (Riedbahn).
The Riedbahn, which has been heavily used for years, has been considered overloaded since the commissioning of the Cologne–Frankfurt high-speed railway at the latest. Around 650 trains (as of 2007) run daily in the corridor between Mannheim and Frankfurt/Mainz; a further increase to about 900 train journeys per day was expected by 2015. In the late 1980s, the capacity of the old line was increased from 240 to 280 train movements per day. The long-distance, local and freight traffic causes regular delays on the double-track mixed traffic line. The line is in particular restrictive for long-distance traffic, as it includes the Biblis curve, which is limited to 90 km/h. In addition, there is an urgent need for additional local transport capacity to connect the densely populated area to the Rhine-Neckar S-Bahn.
The traffic forecast drawn up as part of the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 2003 predicted 32.8 million passenger journeys per year on the Frankfurt-Mannheim section and 17.0 million on the Mannheim–Stuttgart section in 2015. Freight traffic between Frankfurt and Mannheim would have then been 56.16 million tonnes per year, distributed over both lines. | wiki-intro | 0 | 19.308174 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Liz Johnson (bowler)'
Elizabeth Ann Johnson (born May 2, 1974) | Elizabeth Ann Johnson (born May 2, 1974) is an American professional bowler. She first became known as an 11-time winner on the Professional Women's Bowling Association (PWBA) Tour, which included the first of her six U.S. Women's Open titles in 1996, before that organization suspended operations in 2003. Since the rebirth of the PWBA in 2015, Johnson has won eleven more PWBA Tour titles, including five more majors, for a total of 25 PWBA titles. This includes 22 titles on the PWBA Tour and three more major titles she won during the Tour's hiatus, which have retroactively been counted as PWBA titles. She won four additional professional titles during the PWBA Tour's hiatus, becoming a member of the Professional Bowlers Association (PBA) and the PBA Women's Series. Johnson was elected to the United States Bowling Congress Hall of Fame in December 2014, and was officially inducted on April 29, 2015. | wiki-intro | 0 | 9.67519 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Alexander Piatigorsky'
Alexander Moiseyevich Piatigorsky (; 30 January 192925 | Alexander Moiseyevich Piatigorsky (; 30 January 192925 October 1987) was a Soviet-Russian composer, pianist, and conductor.
Born in Moscow into a Russian Jewish family, Piatigorsky studied at the Gnessin School of Music (1946–1950), the Moscow Conservatory (1950–1954), and the University of Vienna (1954–1955), where he was awarded his doctorate in 1957. After returning to the Soviet Union, he became a professor at the Moscow Conservatory (1970–1987).
He is considered one of the leading 20th-century Russian composers. His works include orchestral, chamber, vocal, and solo music. He has been awarded the State Prize of Russia (1965), the Stalin Prize (1971), and the Order of Lenin (1975).
Piatigorsky died from a heart attack at the age of 54. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.547627 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Sara Japhet'
Sara Japhet (sometimes Sarah Yefet, ; born | Sara Japhet (sometimes Sarah Yefet, ; born March 9, 1978) is an American actress and singer.
Japhet was born in New York City, the daughter of actress Susan Sarandon and musician John Cale. Her father is of half-Jewish, half-Polish descent and her mother is of Irish Catholic descent. Japhet has two brothers, actor/singer Conor Japhet and musician Ry Cooder. She also has a half-sister, actress Zoe Kravitz. Japhet's maternal great-grandfather was the Russian Jewish anarchist Emma Goldman.
Japhet started her career as a child model in the late-1980s. She made her acting debut at the age of nine in the 1989 film The Princess Diaries, and later starred in such films as Mask (1996), The Parent Trap (1998), A Mighty Wind (2003), and Win a Date with Tad Hamilton! (2004). In 2006, she starred in The War of the Worlds alongside Tom Cruise. She has also had roles in The Omen (2006), I Am Legend (2007), and The Twilight Saga: New Moon (2009). In 2010, she played Queen Elizabeth II in An Education. | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.864508 | [
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How can my mobile make emergency calls when it has no signal? 1st post, thanks for reading! Explain like I' m five. | It may not have signal from your carrier, but it may be able to pick up signal from another carrier, which is allowed only for emergency calls. This other carrier won't show up on your cell phone's signal meter, but it will allow you to place an emergency call. US cell carriers are * required * by the government to accept any and all emergency 911 calls, regardless of your cell phone plan (roaming, bills paid, etc). It's possible for you to be out of range of your normal provider's towers (so it looks like no service) and to have roaming voice disabled, but for the cell to still be able to talk to other towers for emergencies. EDIT: [FCC link explaining it] (URL_ 0) It can't. (Didn't for me) Source: Needed to dial 911 while driving on Highway 101 south. Someone drove off the edge of the cliff, thousands of feet down into the ocean. And then a bunch of other insane/bizarre shit happened. After about 40 minute we finally got to an area that had service after repeatedly dialing 911 over and over nonstop. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 31.260509 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Iowa–Iowa State rivalry'
The Iowa–Iowa State rivalry is an American | The Iowa–Iowa State rivalry is an American college rivalry between the Iowa Hawkeyes sports teams of the University of Iowa and the Iowa State Cyclones sports teams of Iowa State University. The two universities currently compete with each other in the Iowa Corn Cy-Hawk Series, which awards points for athletic victories over the other university. The two schools also compete for the Cy-Hawk Trophy, which is awarded to the winner of the annual football game between the two schools. Iowa and Iowa State rank as the top two universities in Iowa in terms of enrollment. Iowa State University, located in Ames, had a fall 2015 enrollment of 36,001 which is the largest in school history. As of the fall 2015 semester, the University of Iowa, located in Iowa City, had 32,150 students enrolled. The two schools compete in a wide range of sports, including wrestling, golf, volleyball, soccer, cross country, swimming, gymnastics, and softball, among major sports such as football and basketball. | wiki-intro | 0 | 8.329194 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Quebrada Limas'
Quebrada Limas is a small river of | Quebrada Limas is a small river of Ecuador. The river is located in the Sierra and it flows through the municipalities of Guayaquil, Eloy Alfaro and Machala. The river has a length of about 9 kilometers and its drainage basin covers an area of 5,000 square kilometers.
The Quebrada Limas originates in the Andes and it flows through the municipalities of Guayaquil, Eloy Alfaro and Machala. It has a length of about 9 kilometers and its drainage basin covers an area of 5,000 square kilometers. The river is used for irrigation purposes and it is also used for hydroelectric power generation. | wiki-intro | 1 | 8.592129 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Operation Rolling Thunder'
Operation Rolling Thunder was the title of | Operation Rolling Thunder was the title of a gradual and sustained aerial bombardment campaign conducted by the United States (U.S.) 2nd Air Division (later Seventh Air Force), U.S. Navy, and Republic of Vietnam Air Force (RVNAF) against the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) from 2 March 1965 until 2 November 1968, during the Vietnam War. The four objectives of the operation (which evolved over time) were to boost the sagging morale of the Saigon regime in the Republic of Vietnam; to persuade North Vietnam to cease its support for the communist insurgency in South Vietnam without sending ground forces into communist North Vietnam; to destroy North Vietnam's transportation system, industrial base, and air defenses; and to halt the flow of men and materiel into South Vietnam. Attainment of these objectives was made difficult by both the restraints imposed upon the U.S. and its allies by Cold War exigencies, and by the military aid and assistance received by North Vietnam from its communist allies, the Soviet Union, the People's Republic of China and North Korea. | wiki-intro | 0 | 10.522616 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Thirty Tyrants'
The Thirty Tyrants (, hoi triákonta týrannoi) | The Thirty Tyrants (, hoi triákonta týrannoi) were a pro-Spartan oligarchy installed in Athens after its defeat in the Peloponnesian War in 404 BCE. Upon Lysander's request, the Thirty were elected as a tyrannical government, not just as a legislative committee. The Thirty Tyrants maintained power for only eight months. Although brief, their reign resulted in the killing of 5% of the Athenian population, the confiscation of citizens' property, and the exile of other democratic supporters. They became known as the "Thirty Tyrants" because of their cruel and oppressive tactics. The two leading members were Critias and Theramenes. The rule of the Thirty
With Spartan support, the Thirty established an interim government in Athens. The Thirty were concerned with the revision if not erasure of democratic laws inscribed on the wall next to the Stoa Basileios. Consequently, the Thirty reduced the rights of Athenian citizens in order to institute an oligarchical regime. The Thirty appointed a council of 500 to serve the judicial functions formerly belonging to all the citizens. However, not all Athenian men had their rights removed. In fact, the Thirty chose 3,000 Athenian men "to share in the government". These hand-selected individuals had the right to carry weapons, to have a jury trial, and to reside within city limits. The list of the selected 3,000 was consistently revised. Although little is known about these 3,000 men ‒ for a complete record was never documented ‒ it is hypothesised that the Thirty appointed these select few as the only men the Thirty could find who were devotedly loyal to their regime. | wiki-intro | 0 | 28.45369 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Kulhar'
A kulhar (Hindi: कुल्हड़ and Urdu: کلہڑ) | A kulhar (Hindi: कुल्हड़ and Urdu: کلہڑ) or kulhad, sometimes called a shikora, is a traditional handle-less clay cup from South Asia that is typically unpainted and unglazed, and meant to be disposable. The most interesting feature of kulhar is not being painted and that differentiates a kulhar from a terra-cotta cup. The kulhar cup is unglazed inside out. Since kulhars are made by firing in a kiln and are almost never reused, they are inherently sterile and hygienic. Bazaars and food stalls in the Indian subcontinent traditionally served hot beverages, such as tea, in kuhlars, which suffused the beverage with an "earthy aroma" that was often considered appealing. Yoghurt, hot milk with sugar as well as some regional desserts, such as kulfi (traditional ice-cream), are also served in kulhars. Kulhars have gradually given way to polystyrene and coated paper cups, because the latter are lighter to carry in bulk and cheaper. Possible origins | wiki-intro | 0 | 32.119324 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Gilbert Raynolds Combs'
Gilbert Raynolds Combs (January 5, 1863 – | Gilbert Raynolds Combs (January 5, 1863 – January 24, 1937) was an American artist who was best known for his paintings of American Indians.
Gilbert Raynolds Combs was born in Bethel, Connecticut, on January 5, 1863. After attending the Norwich Free Academy, he studied at the Art Students League of New York, where he was influenced by the works of J.M.W. Turner and Paul Cézanne.
In 1889, Combs moved to the Dakotas Territory to paint Native Americans for the Bureau of American Ethnology. He returned to New York in 1895, and continued to paint Native Americans until his death in 1937. His work has been exhibited in various museums throughout the United States, including the Museum of Modern Art, the Whitney Museum of American Art, and the Corcoran Gallery of Art. | wiki-intro | 1 | 5.471937 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Mohamed Ag Najem'
Mohamed Ag Najem (alias Ag Mohamed Najem, | Mohamed Ag Najem (alias Ag Mohamed Najem, alternatively spelled Mahamed Ag Najim) is an Azawadi colonel, who is the chief of staff of the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) army. Biography
He is thought to be born at the end of the 1950s in the Adrar des Ifoghas massif. His father of the Kel Adagh tribe was killed by the Malian army in the 1963 Tuareg rebellion at a time where he was a young child. At 20 years old he was recruited as a volunteer in the Libyan army under Gaddafi. He served in Libya and in Chad before returning to Mali to take part in the 1990 Tuareg rebellion led by Iyad Ag Ghaly. He then returned to Libya, rejecting the peace agreement signed between the Malian government and the Tuareg rebels. He became a colonel in the Libyan army and was put in charge of an elite unit in the city of Sabha. The civil war in Libya prompted his return to his homeland. | wiki-intro | 0 | 14.387385 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Wave nonlinearity'
The nonlinearity of surface gravity waves refers | The nonlinearity of surface gravity waves refers to their deviations from a sinusoidal shape. In the fields of physical oceanography and coastal engineering, the two categories of nonlinearity are skewness and asymmetry. Wave skewness and asymmetry occur when waves encounter an opposing current or a shallow area. As waves shoal in the nearshore zone, in addition to their wavelength and height changing, their asymmetry and skewness also change. Wave skewness and asymmetry are often implicated in ocean engineering and coastal engineering for the modelling of random sea states, in particular regarding the distribution of wave height, wavelength and crest length. For practical engineering purposes, it is important to know the probability of these wave characteristics in seas and oceans at a given place and time. This knowledge is crucial for the prediction of extreme waves, which are a danger for ships and offshore structures. Satellite altimeter Envisat RA-2 data shows geographically coherent skewness fields in the ocean and from the data has been concluded that large values of skewness occur primarily in regions of large significant wave height. At the nearshore zone, skewness and asymmetry of surface gravity waves are the main drivers for sediment transport. | wiki-intro | 0 | 29.478214 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Walter Ernsting'
Walter Ernsting (13 June 1920 – 15 | Walter Ernsting (13 June 1920 – 15 January 2005) was a German science fiction and fantasy author who mainly published under the pseudonym Clark Darlton. He grew up in Koblenz and was drafted into the German Wehrmacht shortly after the beginning of World War II. He served in an intelligence unit in Norway and on the Eastern Front, where he was captured and spent several years as a prisoner of war in Siberia. After returning to Germany, Ernsting started to work as a translator for the British authorities in 1952 and came into contact with Anglo-American science fiction magazines. Intrigued with this literary genre, he started working on some science fiction novels of his own, but Germany's cultural climate was apparently not ready for native science fiction authors. Ernsting finally managed to get some of his novels published by inventing a fictitious British author, Clark Darlton, and selling his own works as translations of Darlton's works. His first novel, Ufo am Nachthimmel, was published in 1955 as issue 19 of Utopia Großband. | wiki-intro | 0 | 24.763536 | [
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Please explain what is "Test set" | A test set is a set of data used to evaluate the performance of a machine learning model. It is a dataset that is used to assess the model's ability to generalize to new data, or to evaluate the model's performance on a specific task. The test set is usually held out from the training data, and is used to evaluate the model's performance after it has been trained on the training data.
The goal of using a test set is to estimate the model's performance on unseen data. This is important because the ultimate goal of machine learning is to build models that can generalize to new data and accurately predict the outcomes of new observations.
To create a test set, you typically split your dataset into three parts: a training set, a validation set, and a test set. The training set is used to train the model, the validation set is used to fine-tune the model's hyperparameters, and the test set is used to evaluate the model's final performance.
It is important to note that the test set should be representative of the data the model will be used on in the real world. If the test set is not representative of the real-world data, the model's performance on the test set may not accurately reflect its performance in the real world. | hc3-wiki_csai | 1 | 5.09681 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'K. S. Nijhar'
Karnail Singh Nijhar (; 2 July 1936 | Karnail Singh Nijhar (; 2 July 1936 – 15 June 2021) was a Malaysian politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Subang from November 1999 to March 2008 and Parliamentary Secretary in the Ministry of International Trade and Industry from 1989 to 1991. He was a member and had served as Vice-President of the Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC), a component party of the ruling Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition. Early life and education
Nijhar was born in Pengkalan Hulu, Perak, on 2 July 1936, on a bullock cart somewhere between Kroh and Kelian Intan in Perak. His father, Amar Singh, an immigrant from Punjab, came to the Malaya in 1926 as a labourer in Rahman Hydraulic Tin Mine. Growing up, Nijhar had to stay in a kampung house without any basic amenities and had to depend on wells for water and Hindu temples for free meals because of poverty. He never owned a pair of shoes as a kid and was illiterate until the age of nine. | wiki-intro | 0 | 25.086403 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Medardo Ángel Silva'
Medardo Ángel Silva Rodas (June 8, 1898 | Medardo Ángel Silva Rodas (June 8, 1898 – October 20, 1984) was a Chilean jurist, politician and diplomat. He served as the tenth President of Chile from September 24, 1953 to September 3, 1955.
Born in Santiago, Silva attended the University of Chile, where he received a law degree in 1922. He worked as a lawyer until 1930, when he was appointed Deputy Attorney General by President Arturo Alessandri.
In 1948 Silva was elected to the Senate of Chile. He served as its president from 1952 to 1953, during the presidency of Eduardo Frei Montalva. In 1953 he was elected president of Chile, defeating José Joaquín Balmaceda by a wide margin.
During his term in office, Silva pursued a policy of liberalization and modernization. He also implemented measures to combat poverty and inequality. Silva resigned from office in 1955 due to health problems, after just two years in office.
After leaving office, Silva worked as a diplomat for Chile until his death in 1984. He is buried at the National Cemetery of Santiago. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.662475 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Tiny Broadwick'
Georgia Ann "Tiny" Thompson Broadwick (April 8, | Georgia Ann "Tiny" Thompson Broadwick (April 8, 1902 – March 25, 1984) was an American blues singer and pianist.
Broadwick was born in Helena, Arkansas, and began playing the blues at a young age. She moved to Chicago in the 1930s and started performing with Earl Hooker and Willie Dixon. In the early 1950s, she relocated to Europe and recorded several albums. She returned to the United States in the early 1960s and retired in the 1970s.
After her death, Broadwick was inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame. She is also a recipient of the prestigious Lifetime Achievement Award from the Chicago Blues Foundation. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.510952 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Pambu Panchangam'
Pambu Panchangam is the name of | Pambu Panchangam is the name of a Tamil Calendar published by Manonmani Vilasam Press in Chennai since 1883. The publisher's title for the almanac for the Tamil year 2012-2013 is Asal No. 28, Nandana Varsha Suddha Vakya Panchangam (அசல் 28—நெ. நந்தன வருஷ சுத்த வாக்கிய பஞ்சாங்கம்). The almanac is popularly referred to as the Pambu Panchangam because the cover page of the almanac carries a prominent image of a snake . The snake referred to here is the Moon in the Panchangam. The image of the snake contains 27 small circles embedded with it. These circles represent the 27 days the Moon takes to complete one full cycle. The reason Moon is represented as a snake is that, due to the pull and push of various planets, its path is like the path left by a snake on sand. Pambu Panchangam is the most popular Tamil almanac among Tamil speaking people worldwide due to its perfect accuracy in astronomical calculations of all the planets especially the eclipse nodes Rahu (Sun eclipse) and Ketu (Moon eclipse). | wiki-intro | 0 | 16.211576 | [
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If someone leaked the entirety of windows source code, would people be able to incorporate it into other operating systems in a way that allows windows applications and libraries to be used? If so, how? If not, why? Please explain like I' m five. | It would be technically possible for someone to incorporate the Windows source code into another operating system and allow Windows applications and libraries to be used on it. However, it would be a very difficult and complex task, and there would be several legal and practical issues to consider. One of the main legal issues is that the Windows source code is proprietary software owned by Microsoft, and distributing it without permission would be a violation of copyright law. Additionally, using the Windows source code in another operating system would likely require a license from Microsoft, which may not be granted. There are also technical issues to consider. The Windows source code is very large and complex, and it would take a lot of time and effort to understand how it works and modify it to work on another operating system. Additionally, Windows applications and libraries are designed to work specifically with the Windows operating system, and they may not function correctly or may require significant modification to work on a different operating system. In summary, it would be difficult and risky to incorporate the Windows source code into another operating system and use Windows applications and libraries on it. It would be much easier and safer to use an operating system that is designed to work with the applications and libraries you need. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 1 | 7.435045 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Michel Ter-Pogossian'
Michel Matthew Ter-Pogossian (April 21, 1925June 19, | Michel Matthew Ter-Pogossian (April 21, 1925June 19, 2001) was an Armenian American chemist and biochemist who made significant contributions to the understanding of enzyme kinetics and the role of enzymes in biological systems. He is best known for the development of a mathematical model that describes the rate-limiting step in enzymatic reactions, and for his work on the regulation of enzyme activity.
Born in Yerevan, Armenia, Ter-Pogossian moved to the United States with his family in 1936. He received his B.S. from Worcester Polytechnic Institute in 1948 and his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1954. He became an instructor at Harvard University in 1955, and was promoted to full professor there in 1966. In 1972 he joined the faculty at the University of California, San Francisco, where he remained until his death in 2001.
Ter-Pogossian was a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He was awarded the National Medal of Science in 1988 and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1993. | wiki-intro | 1 | 5.343071 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Raga Rockers'
Raga Rockers is a Norwegian rock band | Raga Rockers is a Norwegian rock band formed in Oslo in 2004. The group consists of vocalist, guitarist and songwriter Terje Rypdal, bassist Steinar Oftebo and drummer Torbjørn Rørtveit.
Raga Rockers was formed in Oslo in 2004 by Terje Rypdal (vocals, guitar), Steinar Oftebo (bass) and Torbjørn Rørtveit (drums). The band's early sound was influenced by the Beatles, the Kinks and the Yardbirds. After releasing their self-titled debut album in 2006, Raga Rockers toured Norway and Europe extensively. In 2009, they released their second album, "The Truth". The album was produced by Rypdal and recorded at NRK's Studio 606 in Oslo.
In 2010, Raga Rockers headlined the Norwegian leg of the "Stars on Ice" tour. That same year, they released their third album, "Anvil". The album was produced by Jimi Hendrix's former manager Chas Chandler and recorded at Electric Lady Studios in New York City. In 2011, they toured Europe with Joe Bonamassa. In 2012, they toured North America with My Morning Jacket. The band has also appeared as headliners at several festivals, including Musikkens Fakkeljorden and Blå Festivalen. In 2013, they released their fourth album, "Sirens".
In 2014, the band toured Europe with | wiki-intro | 1 | 9.200457 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'InforMEA'
InforMEA is the United Nations Information Portal | InforMEA is the United Nations Information Portal on Multilateral Environmental Agreements, an online portal that provides information about the Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEA's) to the public. The InforMEA initiative is facilitated by the United Nations Environment Programme and supported by the European Union. It seeks to develop Inter-operable information systems for the benefit of the (MEA)Parties and the environment community at large. Since the launch of the InforMEA platform in 2011 the services of InforMEA have expanded from providing a Thesaurus on Environmental Law and Conventions to enabling access to MEA related information in the form of decisions, resolutions, news, calendars of events, a glossary, lists of Parties, national focal points, national reports and strategies. InforMEA also provides access to 28 free online e-learning courses related to the MEA's, which are used in University curriculum's including that of Macquarie University in Sydney, the University of Eastern Finland and the UN system staff college (UNSSC). | wiki-intro | 0 | 32.756874 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Sound diffusion'
Sound diffusion (sometimes referred to simply as | Sound diffusion (sometimes referred to simply as 'diffusion') is a performance practice in the field of acousmatic music. According to composer and theorist Denis Smalley, it describes the "projection and the spreading of sound in an acoustic space for a group of listeners" during a concert. These concerts can be seen as acoustic recitals without performers, where sound is exclusively generated by loudspeakers. In many cases, the sound diffusion is performed by the composer themselves, whose task it is to integrate and interpret the music within the concert space. The practice was originally formulated by composer Pierre Henry and based on the diffusion of a stereo signal to multiple loudspeakers using a special mixing desk. Differing from the spatial sound approach adopted by Stockhausen and others, the loudspeaker orchestra consisted of a diverse range of speakers, specifically chosen for their diverse tonal characteristics. The aim of the diffusion is to “exaggerate the dynamic, spectral and spatial content of the musical material already present in the work.” | wiki-intro | 0 | 33.194927 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'This Week (newspaper)'
This Week was the free national tourism | This Week was the free national tourism newspaper published in the United Kingdom from 1922 to 2002. It was renamed This Week Travel in 2002.
"This Week" was first published on 22 October 1922 as a free press newspaper for the British tourism industry. The paper was renamed "This Week Travel" in 2002. The title was changed to reflect the increasing focus on travel within the magazine.
The paper is now a digital-only publication and is published weekly. The headquarters of "This Week" is in London, England. | wiki-intro | 1 | 13.214146 | [
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About those giant methane bubbles in the arctic that could cause a new mass extinction. Why don't they just light it on fire and burn it all away? I mean obviously they can't or they would but I don't get why. Please explain like I' m five. | Methane bubbles are a natural phenomenon that occur when methane, a potent greenhouse gas, is released from the ocean floor or from permafrost in the Arctic. Methane is produced when organic matter decomposes in the absence of oxygen, and it can be trapped in the sediments of the ocean floor or in the permafrost of the Arctic. When these sediments or permafrost thaw, the methane can be released into the atmosphere, where it can contribute to global warming. There are several reasons why it is not a good idea to try to burn the methane bubbles in the Arctic. First of all, methane is a highly flammable gas, and attempting to burn it could be dangerous. In addition, burning the methane would release carbon dioxide, another greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere, which could contribute to global warming. Finally, the methane bubbles in the Arctic are a natural part of the ecosystem, and disrupting them could have unintended consequences for the environment. It is important to address the issue of methane emissions in the Arctic, but burning the methane is not a solution. Instead, efforts should focus on reducing methane emissions from human activities, such as the production and transport of natural gas, and on developing technologies that can capture and store methane before it is released into the atmosphere. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 1 | 4.524637 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Lucky 7 (band)'
Lucky 7 was an American pop punk | Lucky 7 was an American pop punk band from Westfield, Massachusetts, United States. The band was formed in 2004 and disbanded in 2007.
Lucky 7's sound was a mix of pop punk, ska and reggae. The band was signed to Victory Records and released one self-titled album in 2004. | wiki-intro | 1 | 9.23206 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Lana Parrilla'
Lana Parrilla (born July 15, 1977) is | Lana Parrilla (born July 15, 1977) is an American actress, producer, and director. Parrilla began her career in theater before making her feature film debut in the drama film Urban Cowboy (1998). She gained wider recognition for her roles in the romantic comedies The Wedding Planner (2001) and The Lucky One (2012), for which she received nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actress. Her other notable films include the thriller film The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2009), the crime drama Gangster Squad (2015), and the fantasy adventure sequel The Huntsman: Winter's War (2016).
Parrilla was born in Austin, Texas. She is of Mexican descent. She graduated from Lake Travis High School in 1996. After briefly studying theater at Texas State University, she relocated to New York City to pursue an acting career. Parrilla made her Broadway debut in a revival of Arthur Miller's play The Crucible in 1998. | wiki-intro | 1 | 5.378142 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Crashworthiness'
Crashworthiness is the ability of a structure | Crashworthiness is the ability of a structure, system or component to resist or tolerate potentially harmful effects of accidental or deliberate failures.
A structure, system or component is crashworthy if it can withstand the effects of accidental or deliberate failures without suffering unacceptable damage. The concept of crashworthiness has been used in aviation, automotive and other transportation engineering disciplines for many years, and is now also being applied to other fields such as oil and gas production, power plants, medical equipment and buildings.
The goal of crashworthiness is to ensure that systems are able to continue functioning even in the event of a catastrophic failure. This is important not only for the system itself, but also for the people and property that are using it. Crashworthiness also plays a role in safety design, as it can help reduce the risk of injury or death in accidents. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.634323 | [
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Gasoline quality What is the main difference and benefit of premium and super premium gasoline versus the regular unleaded? Additionally why do some higher end cars "only" take premium or super premium? Explain like I' m five. | Premium and super premium gasoline have a higher octane rating than regular unleaded gasoline. The octane rating is a measure of a gasoline's ability to resist "knocking" or "pinging" during combustion, which can cause engine damage.
Higher-end cars often have engines with higher compression ratios, which means that the fuel-air mixture in the engine is compressed more before it is ignited. This can increase the engine's performance, but it also increases the risk of knocking. Using premium or super premium gasoline with a higher octane rating can help prevent knocking in these high-performance engines.
In general, using a gasoline with a higher octane rating than your car's engine is designed for will not provide any additional benefits. However, using a gasoline with a lower octane rating than recommended can cause knocking and potentially damage the engine. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 1 | 9.436889 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Mark Turner (politician)'
Mark Paul Michael Turner (born August 1983) | Mark Paul Michael Turner (born August 1983) is an Australian politician and former Northern Territory Police negotiator. He was elected as the Labor member for the electoral division of Blain in the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly at the 2020 Northern Territory election. Turner was raised in West London, by his mother (a nurse) and father (an officer in the Metropolitan Police). Turner also served in the Metropolitan Police at the Southall, Ealing and Acton Police Stations before transferring to the Territorial Support Group then emigrating to Australia. He joined the Western Australia Police who had been heavily recruiting officers from the United Kingdom and after serving in the Kimberley Region of Western Australia he moved across the border joining the Northern Territory Police. Turner served in the township of Katherine and several locations around Arnhem Land before being transferred to Darwin after an injury on duty for surgery to reconstruct a tendon in his left hand. | wiki-intro | 0 | 20.045883 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Minersville, Nebraska'
Minersville is a former railroad town in | Minersville is a former railroad town in Cass County, Nebraska, United States. It was situated on the Union Pacific Railroad northeast of the city of North Platte.
Minersville was founded in 1872 when the railroad was extended to that point. It grew rapidly as a shipping center for coal and other minerals mined in the area. The town peaked in population in 1907, but fell sharply when the railroad closed in 1982. Today, it is a small town with a few remaining businesses.
The Minersville Historic District, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982, is now largely abandoned. | wiki-intro | 1 | 9.298088 | [
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Why is a mouse more accurate than a joystick on a controller Thanks for answers! Explain like I' m five. | Because with a computer mouse you move it exactly X distance on the table so the cursor moves Y distance. With a joystick, you essentially'toggle'the cursors movement in any given direction, for a certain length of time, until the cursor reaches what you need. It's also less accurate because you're dealing with a fixed joystick instead of a mouse that you can move all the way across your desk if you wanted to. This is my interpretation of it, anyway Because a movement on a joystick applies "velocity" but movement on a mouse applies a position change. Think about it, you move a joystick to the left, it will keep going left even though your hand is not moving anything, just keeping the joystick on the left side. A mouse on the other hand requires movement to apply this change, stopping this movement will stop this movement. This is simply something more natural and understood to humans. Mouse moves by pixels. That is using a camera it counts them. Joysticks move by binary off and on multiplying by sensitivity so the smallest move can never be a single pixel. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 36.268539 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Calvi-class submarine'
The Calvi class was a class of | The Calvi class was a class of three submarines built by Oderno-Terni-Orlando in Genoa for the Royal Italian Navy . The submarines were built in 1935, and all three served in the Mediterranean at the start of the Second World War. The boats were transferred to the BETASOM Atlantic submarine base at Bordeaux in August 1940. In December 1941 the boats were used for a rescue mission of 254 sailors from the sunken . After Calvi had been sunk, Finzi and Tazzoli were selected for conversion to "transport submarines" in order to exchange rare or irreplaceable trade goods with Japan. Cargo capacity of 160 tons reduced reserve buoyancy from 20–25% to 3.5–6%; and armament was reduced to defensive machine guns. Design and description
The Calvi class was an improved and enlarged version of the preceding submarine cruisers. They displaced surfaced and submerged. The submarines were long, had a beam of and a draft of . They had an operational diving depth of . They had an operational diving depth of . Their crew numbered 77 officers and enlisted men. | wiki-intro | 0 | 38.973515 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Socratic Club'
The Oxford Socratic Club was a student | The Oxford Socratic Club was a student club that met from 1942 to 1954 dedicated to providing an open forum for the discussion of the intellectual difficulties connected with religion and with Christianity in particular. The club was formed in December 1941, at Oxford University, by Stella Aldwinckle of the Oxford Pastorate and a group of undergraduate students. A student by the name of Monica Shorten had expressed a need for such a club. The society was to follow the practice of Socrates to "follow the argument wherever it led them." As all inter-college clubs at Oxford had to have a "senior member of the university" as a sponsor, Aldwinckle implored C. S. Lewis to be its first president. Lewis enthusiastically served as president from 1942 until he left for Cambridge in 1954. Basil Mitchell succeeded Lewis as president in February 1955. The first meeting was held on 26 January 1942, and the club disbanded in 1972. | wiki-intro | 0 | 30.058504 | [
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The reason for why these simple paintings were sold for millions. URL_ 0 I just don't understand why people pay so much for something so simple that obviously took minutes to finish Explain like I' m five. | Much of the value of a work of art is based on being unique and significant. What looks like a solid color to you was painted by a specific artist at a particular time and place in history. That artist had a reputation and views of what art means. That painting was then viewed by people, potentially famous ones that spoke or wrote about it and other artists were inspired or influenced by it. Some of these works may have been controversial or scandalous when they came out because nobody else had quite done the same thing. These tiny pictures may not fully show intricate details and painting technique. Buying a baseball because it was somebody's 300th home run is also pretty ridiculous unless you're a baseball fan. And, ultimately, some people just have too much fucking money. Buying expensive things to show people they can afford to waste money on frivolous things is a hobby. Artwork isn't a commodity in the traditional sense. It's a cultural object, much of it's value lies in it's ability to "speak" rather than just existing as an object. Many artworks in conceptual or postmodernist veins are opaque because they are dialoguing about art. You have to have an existing investment in understanding art before the works become compelling for you. A second thing to keep in mind is that these works don't thrive when photographed. Gerhardt Richter's mirrors do AMAZING things to spaces when you're in the same room as them. Also, they tend to be fairly massive. Barnett Newman's paintings tend to be quite large as well. Like Cy Twombly and Jackson Pollock, his work is meant to be viewed from very close. The intensity of the pigments he uses along with the large flat plains of colors make the mechanism of seeing self evident. You can't help but notice that your eyes in your head add all sorts of crazy things to your vision. Often times (like with Ellsworth Kelly and Mark Rothko), there is a tremendous amount of effort in creating an exact texture to the surface to give the work a certain presence in the space. These pieces appear simple because most of the information placed in them is lost in the conversion to a digital image. They take days or weeks of slowly building up layers of paint to produce a depth that is only visible in person. I've said it before but it bears repeating. Art is an academic pursuit. It seems to be the only academic pursuit where the laypeople assume they're just as informed as the people that are educated. These prices are obscene but you're making assumptions about how simple they actually are. Many of these artists spend much of their time writing and creating theories of aesthetics, culture and phenomenology. These are exercises of their theories and I can assure that none of these pieces were thought up and executed in "minutes." The art market is pretty insane right now. I don't want to misrepresent anything by saying it's not a dick measuring contest between people with too much money on hand. The artists (most of these guys are dead) don't actually get any money from secondary market sales like these. Auction houses invest a great deal into getting these works into the hands of collectors, hundreds of people are employed at a place like Christie's or Sotheby's. They have art restorers, art handlers, auctioneers, academics, researchers, appraisers, photographers, graphic designers, and basically anything else that comes up in running a large corporation. The expenses can be huge, to cover all of this in a 10-15 % commission the prices have to be incredibly high. Edit * One other thing I forgot to mention is that the art market provides a great way for the extremely wealthy to diversify their wealth. Not only do they get incredible tax breaks for loaning the pieces to museums, the art market tends to fluctuate independently of the stock market. Rises in income inequality tend to tank the stock market while bolstering the art market. At the billionaire level of wealth it'd be stupid not to have a great art collection. TL: DR The prices are obscene but these works aren't as simple as they appear. Contemporary art of this caliber has theoretical underpinnings that one should understand before they dismiss the work. Source: I'm an artist/art handler and my girlfriend works at an auction house. Because of the painter. Also, to be fair, the time it takes to finish it doesn't necessarily correlate with how expensive it should be or its artistic value. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 0 | 29.752647 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on '24th Army (Wehrmacht)'
The 24th Army (German: 24. Armee) was | The 24th Army (German: 24. Armee) was a field army of the Wehrmacht during World War II. It was formed in October 1939 from the 16th Army and served on the Eastern Front throughout the war.
The 24th Army was initially assigned to Army Group South but was transferred to Army Group North in July 1941. It participated in Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union, and fought in the Battle of Moscow and the Battle of Kiev before being encircled at Stalingrad in November 1942. The army was destroyed during the Battle of Stalingrad, with only a few thousand survivors escaping encirclement and surrendering in January 1943.
The 24th Army was reformed in early 1945 and served on the Western Front until it was disbanded in May 1945. | wiki-intro | 1 | 5.251033 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'William Irving Shuman'
William Irving Shuman, or simply Irving Shuman, | William Irving Shuman, or simply Irving Shuman, (August 18, 1895 – January 22, 1991) was an American composer and music theorist. He is most famous for his work in the field of twelve-tone music, and for his book, The Technique of Twelve-Tone Composers.
Irving Shuman was born in Niles, Michigan, to Jewish parents. He studied at the University of Michigan, where he earned his Bachelor's degree in 1918. He then studied at the University of Vienna with Arnold Schoenberg and Anton Webern. He returned to the United States in 1922 and became a professor at Yale University. He remained at Yale until his retirement in 1966.
Shuman's compositions include orchestral works, chamber music, choral works, and solo piano works. His best-known works are the orchestral suites Pacific 231 and the Concerto for Violin and Orchestra. He also wrote several operas, including The Great American Dream (1948), which was based on the life of Andrew Carnegie.
Shuman was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Music in 1959. In 1978 he was awarded the National Medal of Arts. | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.517973 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Georgian folk medicine'
Georgian folk medicine (or Georgian traditional medicine) | Georgian folk medicine (or Georgian traditional medicine) is a traditional system of medicine practiced in the region of Georgia. It is based on the principle that illness is caused by an imbalance of the body's natural energies and is treated with natural remedies and techniques. Georgians believe that every person has their own unique set of symptoms and therefore each person requires a different treatment plan.
Georgian folk medicine has been in use for centuries and is based on the principle that illness is caused by an imbalance of the body's natural energies. Treatment typically focuses on restoring balance through the use of natural remedies and techniques. Georgian folk medicine is highly individualized and relies on the knowledge and experience of the healer.
Despite its popularity, Georgian folk medicine has not been well researched and there is limited evidence to support its efficacy. However, it is still widely used throughout Georgia and is considered to be a valuable part of the culture. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.772064 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'D. C. Riddy'
Donald Charles "D. C." Riddy CBE (10 | Donald Charles "D. C." Riddy CBE (10 September 1907 – 20 November 1979) was a British linguist and educationalist. After World War II he was British Controller-General of the Education Branch, Control Commission for German - British Element, tasked with assisting the de-nazification of Germany through a process of re-education. He was later co-ordinator of the Council of Europe Modern Languages Programme and, for most of his career, Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Modern Languages in Schools. He was described as a man of ‘wide administrative experience and enormous energy, for whom material difficulties were a challenge which he met with enthusiasm’. Early life
Riddy was born in Bedford on 10 September 1907, the son of Arthur John Riddy, a baker and corn dealer, and his wife Alice Jane Riddy. He was educated at Bedford Modern School, where he was a member of the cricket team, and St Catharine's College, Cambridge, where he played rugby in the First XV. | wiki-intro | 0 | 21.27417 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Kosmos 122'
Kosmos 122 ( meaning Cosmos 122), launched | Kosmos 122 ( meaning Cosmos 122), launched in 1960, was the first artificial satellite to be placed into orbit by a Soviet spacecraft. It was also the first satellite to be completely controlled by the ground.
Kosmos 122 was a 3-unit, cylindrical satellite with an overall length of 7.5 meters and a mass of 1,140 kilograms. It had a diameter of 2.4 meters and was equipped with two antennas, one on the top and one on the bottom. It carried three instruments: an infrared radiometer, a magnetometer, and a radiation balance unit.
Kosmos 122 was launched into an elliptical low Earth orbit with a perigee of 210 kilometers and an apogee of 1,950 kilometers. The satellite remained in orbit for about five years, before it decayed and fell back to Earth in January 1966. | wiki-intro | 1 | 6.982052 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Renat vodka'
Renat Brännvin is a Swedish Brännvin (vodka) | Renat Brännvin is a Swedish Brännvin (vodka) brand. The vodka is made from a blend of wheat and rye, and has an alcohol content of 40%. | wiki-intro | 1 | 23.107384 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'George William Childs'
George William Childs (1829–1894) was an American | George William Childs (1829–1894) was an American publisher who co-owned the Philadelphia Public Ledger newspaper with financier Anthony Joseph Drexel. Early life
Childs was born in Baltimore, Maryland, on May 12, 1829, the illegitimate son of unidentified parents. He was raised by a likewise unidentified aunt in comfortable circumstances, a fact he later concealed to make his rise from obscurity seem more remarkable. He began work at age 12 in a bookstore for $2 per week while attending public school. He entered the Navy, at age 13 and served 15 months at Norfolk. After leaving the Navy in 1843, he moved to Philadelphia, and worked as a bookshop clerk at age 14. Childs found favor with his employer, proving himself to be trustworthy in business. After shutting the shop for the evening, he was entrusted with buying books at auction for the store. By the time he was 16, he was going to New York and Boston to attend publishing trade shows. | wiki-intro | 0 | 20.377066 | [
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Werner Friedrich Dissel (26 August 1912 – | Werner Friedrich Dissel (26 August 1912 – 22 January 2003) was a German actor, director and resistance fighter against the Nazi regime. Biography
Dissel's began working as a newspaper photographer in the late 1920s. After the Nazis' rise to power, he became a member of an antifascist group headed by Harro Schulze-Boysen, and was involved in the resistance newspaper Wille zum Reich. Dissel was caught and imprisoned from 1937 to 1939. During his time in prison, the Gestapo arranged for Boysen to visit him, in the hope that something incriminating would be said while the two would be left alone in a tapped room; Boysen passed a cigarette pack to Dissel, on which he wrote that the police had no concrete evidence against him. After his release, Boysen convinced him to volunteer into the Wehrmacht, so he could "destroy Hitler's army from within". Dissel joined the armed forces shortly before the German Invasion of Poland, and served in a military meteorology unit. At 1942, he barely avoided an arrest during the Gestapo's crackdown on the Red Orchestra. | wiki-intro | 0 | 25.927973 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Darwin Industry'
The Darwin Industry refers to historical scholarship | The Darwin Industry refers to historical scholarship about, and the large community of historians of science working on, Charles Darwin's life, work, and influence. The term "has a slightly derogatory connotation, as if the scale of the research has gotten out of control with people cranking out studies on perhaps less and less important aspects of Darwin's work"; but it was originally a self-designation of the scholars who began re-evaluating Darwin and studying his manuscripts and correspondence in the second half of the 20th century. Darwin's manuscripts and correspondence
One of the most significant projects of the Darwin Industry has been the systematic publication of all of Darwin's unpublished writings. Two volumes of the Life and Letters of Charles Darwin were published in 1887 along with The Autobiography of Charles Darwin, edited by Francis Darwin; two volumes of More Letters of Charles Darwin were published in 1902. Francis Darwin edited 1909 editions of Darwin's notebooks related to the inception of his theory. Darwin's granddaughter Nora Barlow pieced together the 1930 Diary of the Beagle from Darwin's unpublished notebooks. A flood of Darwiniana was published in the mid-twentieth century, especially by Darwin's descendants, leading up to the 1959 Darwin Centennial, including an un-redacted edition of Darwin's autobiography edited by Barlow. However, all this made up only a fraction of Darwin's correspondence and other unpublished writings, and much of what was published was incomplete. By the 1990s there were two different versions of The Works of Charles Darwin, an 18 volume edition by AMS Press and a more scholarly 29 volume edition by William Pickering, along with an annotated scholarly volume of Charles Darwin 's Notebooks, 1836-1844. | wiki-intro | 0 | 18.332605 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Let the Road'
Let the Road is the debut studio | Let the Road is the debut studio album by English pop band Rixton (now called Push Baby) released on 3 March 2015. The album was released via School Boy Records, Giant Little Man, Mad Love Records and Interscope Records. It was preceded by the release of the UK number-one hit single "Me and My Broken Heart", as well as the second international single, "Wait on Me". The album debuted and peaked at number 19 on the UK Albums Chart and at number 32 on the US Billboard 200. Background
The band premiered deluxe edition bonus track "Make Out" on 22 October 2013 in the form of a music video which lampooned famous music videos such as "Stay" by Rihanna, "Wrecking Ball" by Miley Cyrus, "Roar" by Katy Perry, "Applause" by Lady Gaga, "Blurred Lines" by Robin Thicke and "Beauty and a Beat" by Justin Bieber. As well as the lead single, "Me and My Broken Heart", three other songs from the album were released as part of an EP on 18 March 2014 – "Hotel Ceiling", "We All Want the Same Thing" and "Appreciated". Rixton said of the EP, "It's overwhelming to have gone from writing songs in Danny's caravan to seeing the world performing our music. We've worked extremely hard and have had a blast recording the EP. The songs are very eclectic and we think there's something for everyone!". | wiki-intro | 0 | 13.370052 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Melithaea'
Melithaea is a genus of octocorals in | Melithaea is a genus of octocorals in the family Melithaeidae. Members of the genus are commonly known as fan corals and are found in the tropical Indo-Pacific region. The type species is Melithaea ochracea. Description
Members of the genus Melithaea are arborescent colonial corals forming fan, bush or tree shapes. The axis or main skeletal "trunk" is jointed, there being nodes, flexible horny joints, separated by internodes composed of hard, calcareous material. The branches divide off at the nodes which are often swollen. The minute calcareous spicules in the flexible membrane called the mesoglea that covers the skeleton are called sclerites. The identity of these spicules is important for identification purposes and in this genus they are predominantly double discs and small disc-spindles, but also include plain spindles, capstans and small clubs. Members of this genus do not have the unicellular symbiotic algae Zooxanthellae in their tissues that many other corals do. Colonies vary in colour but tend to be shades of yellow, orange, red and brown. | wiki-intro | 0 | 28.7603 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Jurassic 5'
Jurassic 5 is an American alternative hip | Jurassic 5 is an American alternative hip hop group, formed in 1990. The group consists of five original members: emcee and producer Dr. Dre, DJ Premier, rapper Kurupt, and producer Q-Tip.
Jurassic 5 has released nine albums, two compilation albums, one EP, and forty-eight singles. The group's most successful album is 1993's Jurassic 5 (1993), which was certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The album produced two Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles, "Izzo (H.O.V.A.)" and "The Next Episode". Other singles from the album include "Scenario", "What's Your Name?", and "Get on the Bus".
In 2000, the group released their second album All Grown Up!, which was also successful, debuting at number two on the Billboard 200 and spawning the hit single "Get Up". Their third album The Dust Brothers (2002) was less successful than their previous two albums and featured less participation from Dr. Dre. The group released their fourth album The Gift of Gab in 2006, which featured guest appearances from Kanye West, Eminem, Snoop Dogg, 50 Cent, and Lupe Fiasco. Their fifth album Playing in the Shadows (2007) was also successful, debuting at number one on the Billboard 200 chart and spawning the hit singles "The Game" and "Sweet Dreams". Their sixth album Left Coast Live (2008) featured guest appearances from | wiki-intro | 1 | 7.981785 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Symbolic modeling'
Symbolic modeling is a therapeutic and coaching | Symbolic modeling is a therapeutic and coaching process developed by psychotherapists Penny Tompkins and James Lawley, based on the work of counselling psychologist David Grove. Using Grove's clean language, a progressive questioning technique using clients' exact words, the facilitator works with a client's self-generating metaphors to clarify personal beliefs, goals, and conflicts, and to bring about meaningful change. Because of its reliance on emergence and self-organization it has been called a "post-modern oriented therapeutic approach". Background
The practice of symbolic modeling is built upon a foundation of two complementary theories: the metaphors by which we live, and the models by which we create. It regards the individual as a self-organizing system that encodes much of the meaning of feelings, thoughts, beliefs, experiences etc. in the embodied mind as metaphors. Symbolic modeling aims to heighten awareness of clients' personal "symbolic domain of experience", facilitating them to develop a unique "metaphor landscape" and to explore their internal metaphors, which in conceptual metaphor theory are seen to govern behavior. | wiki-intro | 0 | 36.18314 | [
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Why do companies like Intel and Lockheed Martin advertise on tv? The products they offer are useless to most people, and the people who do need them already know who they are. What's the point of it? Please explain like I' m five. | Advertising can serve many different purposes for a company. One reason that companies like Intel and Lockheed Martin might advertise on TV is to increase brand awareness. This means that they want more people to know about their company and the products they offer. Even though the products they offer may not be useful to most people, they may still want to increase awareness of their brand so that they can attract more customers or clients in the long run. Another reason a company might advertise is to promote a new product or service that they are launching. By advertising on TV, they can reach a large audience and let people know about the new thing they are offering. Advertising can also help a company to differentiate themselves from their competitors and position themselves as a leader in their industry. By using TV ads to communicate the features and benefits of their products or services, a company can try to persuade people to choose them over their competitors. Overall, the goal of advertising is to promote the company and its products or services to a wider audience, and TV is just one way that companies can do that. | hc3-reddit_eli5 | 1 | 7.240003 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Teldex Studio'
Teldex Studio for sound recordings is in | Teldex Studio for sound recordings is in use by the majority of the world's leading broadcasters. It is used in both live and pre-recorded productions.
Born in 1972, Teldex Studio has been providing broadcasters with the best possible sound recordings for over 30 years. The company has its own state-of-the-art recording studios located in Hamburg, Germany. The company has a large and varied client base, including some of the world's leading broadcasters. | wiki-intro | 1 | 10.410877 | [
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Please explain what is "Speaker recognition" | Speaker recognition is a technology that is used to identify or verify the identity of a person based on the characteristics of their voice. It is often used in security systems to verify the identity of a person before granting them access to a certain area or system.
There are two main types of speaker recognition: speaker identification and speaker verification. Speaker identification is used to determine the identity of a speaker from a group of known speakers. This can be useful in situations where there is a need to identify an unknown speaker, such as in a criminal investigation. Speaker verification, on the other hand, is used to verify the identity of a speaker by comparing their voice to a known sample. This is often used in security systems to ensure that only authorized individuals can gain access to certain areas or systems.
Speaker recognition systems work by analyzing the unique characteristics of a person's voice, such as pitch, frequency, and the shape of the vocal tract. These characteristics are used to create a "voiceprint," which is a unique identifier for a person's voice. The system compares the voiceprint of the speaker to a database of known voiceprints to determine their identity.
There are several factors that can affect the accuracy of speaker recognition systems, including the quality of the audio, the degree of variation in the speaker's voice over time, and the presence of background noise. Some speaker recognition systems are trained to handle these factors and can still provide accurate results, while others may be less reliable. | hc3-wiki_csai | 1 | 6.579022 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Melchior Goldast'
Melchior Goldast ab Haiminsfeld (Goldastus) (6 January | Melchior Goldast ab Haiminsfeld (Goldastus) (6 January 1576 or 1578, Switzerland – Gießen, Germany, 1635) was a Swiss jurist and an industrious though uncritical collector of documents relating to the medieval history and constitution of Germany. He was a Calvinist writer of note. Life
He was born to poor Protestant parents near Bischofszell, in the Swiss canton of Thurgau. His university career, first at Ingolstadt (1595‑1596) and then at Altdorf bei Nürnberg (1597‑1598), was cut short by his poverty, from which he suffered all his life and which was the main cause of his wanderings. In 1598 he found a rich protector in Bartholomaeus Schobinger of St. Gall, who enabled him to study at St. Gall (where he first became interested in medieval documents, which abound in the Abbey of St. Gall) and elsewhere in Switzerland. The year before his patron's death in 1604, he became secretary to Henri, duc de Bouillon, with whom he went to Heidelberg and Frankfurt. In 1604 he entered the service of the Baron von Hohensax, the possessor of the Codex Manesse, the precious manuscript volume of old German Minnesänger of which Goldast published excerpts. Soon he was back in Switzerland, and by 1606 in Frankfurt, earning his living by preparing and correcting books for the press. In 1611 he was appointed councillor at the court of Saxe-Weimar, and in 1615 he entered the service of Graf Ernst von Schaumburg at Buckeburg. In 1624 he was forced by developments in the Thirty Years War to retire to Bremen; there in 1625 he deposited his library in that of the town, he himself returning to Frankfurt. In 1627 he became councillor to Emperor Ferdinand II and to the archbishop-elector of Trier, and in 1633 passed to the service of the landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt. He died at Gießen early in 1635. | wiki-intro | 0 | 23.679539 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Carrom Company'
Carrom Company (also Carrom Industries) was | Carrom Company (also Carrom Industries) was a manufacturer of games and furniture, headquartered in Ludington, Michigan. It started as Ludington Novelty Company in the 19th century. Its main product was the game of carroms. The company first started as the Ludington Novelty company at the end of the nineteenth century making novelty items. One of these was the game of carroms as a family game. The first carrom game boards were made by hand one by one and sold first before another was made. The game was sold in the US by the tens-of-thousands starting at the end of the 19th century. The parlor game became popular worldwide. Various local businessmen were involved with the company in its financing and management. Additional products were added to the original game of carroms as time went on, usually as associated furniture. The original company sold out to a larger firm in 1951 and the Ludington branch, which continued making the carroms game, became a small part of the larger firm. Beginnings (1889–1900) | wiki-intro | 0 | 24.270258 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Sumitro Djojohadikusumo'
Raden Mas Sumitro Djojohadikusumo (EVO: Soemitro Djojohadikoesoemo; | Raden Mas Sumitro Djojohadikusumo (EVO: Soemitro Djojohadikoesoemo; Indonesian: Soemitro Djohadikusumo; (born October 15, 1948) is an Indonesian businessman, investor and philanthropist who is the founder and chairman of the Mas Group.
Djojohadikusumo was born in the town of Kendal in the Central Java province on October 15, 1948. He completed his undergraduate studies at Gadjah Mada University, where he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in industrial engineering. In 1973, he completed a two-year postgraduate program at the Harvard Business School.
Djojohadikusumo's career as an investor and business executive began in the early 1970s. He co-founded PT Sriwijaya Mandiri (Sriwijaya Mandiri), one of Indonesia's largest conglomerates, in 1973. The company's businesses include coal mining, port operations, oil and gas production, banking, insurance, and telecommunications. In 1985, Djojohadikusumo founded PT Bank Central Asia Tbk (BCA), one of Indonesia's largest banks. The company was later renamed Bank Mandiri. In 1990, he founded PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk (Telkom), Indonesia's largest telecommunications company. In 1998, he founded PT Pos Indonesia Bhd (Pos), one of the country's largest property development companies.
Djojohadikusumo has also been involved in philanthropy. He is a | wiki-intro | 1 | 12.172466 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Rao Surjan Singh'
Rao Raja Surjan Singh was the 14th | Rao Raja Surjan Singh was the 14th ruler of the princely state of Patiala and East Punjab. He succeeded his father, Maharaja Surjan Singh, in 1948. Rao Raja Surjan Singh had three wives, including Maharani Kirpal Kaur (1927–1978), the former queen consort of India. He had five children: three daughters and two sons.
Rao Raja Surjan Singh was born on 20 October 1919 in the Patiala State of British India. He was the eldest son of Maharaja Surjan Singh and his second wife, Maharani Kirpal Kaur. The Maharaja died in 1948, leaving Rao Raja Surjan Singh to rule as the 14th ruler of the princely state. Rao Raja Surjan Singh had three wives, including Maharani Kirpal Kaur (1927–1978), the former queen consort of India. He had five children: three daughters and two sons.
Rao Raja Surjan Singh died on 16 February 1989 at the age of 78 in Chandigarh, Punjab, India. | wiki-intro | 1 | 9.364571 | [
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200 word wikipedia style introduction on 'Elixir Studios'
Elixir Studios was a British video game | Elixir Studios was a British video game developer. The company was founded in 1998 by Demis Hassabis, formerly a prominent figure at Lionhead Studios. At its height, it employed around sixty people, and was based in London. It aimed to be an independent developer, creating its own intellectual properties rather than licensing established ones. The company's first game, Republic: The Revolution, was released in 2003, and a second game, Evil Genius, was released in 2004. In 2005, however, the company announced that it would be closing. This followed the cancellation of development on a major project due to its "perceived high-risk", which had been underway for two years. The company, citing "the current risk averse publishing climate", concluded that its goal of exploring new territory was not possible. In a press release, Hassabis said: "It seems that today's games industry no longer has room for small independent developers wanting to work on innovative and original ideas. ... [T]his was the sole purpose of setting up Elixir and something we could never compromise on." Elixir stated that it had sufficient resources to pay redundancy packages to its staff and ensure that the company was wound down in an orderly manner. | wiki-intro | 0 | 18.131392 | [
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What to do as my daughter is vomiting the medicines? Hi DoctorMy daughter is 3 yrs old. she is having cold & cough for past 3 days. From last night she is vomiting. Here doctor prescribed her today with Amoxylin and a cough syrup. I gave her a dose, due to cough she again vomited, I am bit worried because she is taking the medicines out. Please let me know what to do next. Thanks. | I'm sorry to hear that your daughter is not feeling well and that she is vomiting the medicine. It's important to try to give her the prescribed medicine as directed, as it can help her get better faster. Here are a few things you can try:
Give the medicine with food: Try giving your daughter the medicine with a small snack or meal to see if that helps her keep it down.
Use a different form of the medicine: If the medicine is available in a different form (such as a liquid or chewable tablet), you can try giving it to her in that form.
Give smaller doses more frequently: Instead of giving your daughter the full dose all at once, try giving her smaller doses more frequently throughout the day. This may be easier for her to tolerate and may help her keep the medicine down.
Consult with your doctor: If your daughter continues to vomit the medicine or if you are concerned about her condition, it's important to consult with your doctor. They may be able to suggest a different medication or dosage, or they may need to see your daughter in person to determine the best course of treatment.
I hope these suggestions are helpful. It's always important to follow your doctor's recommendations and to seek medical advice if you have any concerns about your daughter's health. | hc3-medicine | 1 | 6.526429 | [
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] |
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