Datasets:

McGill-NLP

/

TopiOCQA

like 4

[ "who is michael gomez?", "Former professional boxer", "where was he born?", "Longford, County Longford, Ireland", "what is the historical significance of this place?", "A Dominican priory was founded there in 1400", "which title did the former boxer receive?", "British super-featherweight title", "when did he start his early boxing career?", "June 1995" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:4108649", "title": "Michael Gomez [SEP] WBU world title", "text": "In March 2004, Gomez fought Ghanaian Ben Odamattey for the WBU super featherweight title at the MEN Arena in Manchester, winning the championship by stopping Odamattey in the third round. He retained his WBU title in his next two fights against Justin Juuko and Leva Kirakosyan with knockout wins. Gomez then faced Argentinian boxer \"El Vikingo\" Javier Osvaldo Alvarez in February 2005, once again fighting at the MEN Arena in Manchester. WBO super middleweight title holder Joe Calzaghe had been scheduled to top the bill but pulled out of his arranged fight, and Gomez and Alvarez were slotted as the main attraction." }

[ "who is michael gomez?", "Former professional boxer", "where was he born?", "Longford, County Longford, Ireland", "what is the historical significance of this place?", "A Dominican priory was founded there in 1400", "which title did the former boxer receive?", "British super-featherweight title", "when did he start his early boxing career?", "June 1995", "who did he fight in the wbu championship?", "Ben Odamattey" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:4108647", "title": "Michael Gomez [SEP] Alex Arthur fight", "text": "Following his change in trainer, Gomez was contracted for the highest profile fight of his career against Edinburgh-based fighter \"Amazing\" Alex Arthur for the British and WBA Inter-Continental super featherweight titles. The fight took place in a sold-out Meadowbank Stadium in October 2003, in what was the first professional boxing card in Edinburgh in almost 20 years. Prior to the fight, Arthur had opined during interviews that \"looking deep into Gomez's eyes at the press conference, I'm not sure even he believes he can win. He'll be so fired up I expect it'll take me eight or nine rounds but, if his resistance has gone as people are saying, it could be a lot sooner.\" With respect to his approach to the fight, Arthur added \"I see about 20 ways to beat him." }

[ "who is michael gomez?", "Former professional boxer", "where was he born?", "Longford, County Longford, Ireland", "what is the historical significance of this place?", "A Dominican priory was founded there in 1400", "which title did the former boxer receive?", "British super-featherweight title", "when did he start his early boxing career?", "June 1995", "who did he fight in the wbu championship?", "Ben Odamattey", "who was his opponent in the alex arthur boxing?", "Alex Arthur" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:15849050", "title": "Alex Arthur [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Alex Arthur, (born 26 June 1978) is a Scottish former professional boxer who competed from 2000 to 2012. He held the WBO and WBO interim super featherweight titles in 2007. At regional level, he held the British super featherweight title twice between 2002 and 2006, and the Commonwealth and EBU European super featherweight title from 2005 to 2006." }

[ "who is michael gomez?", "Former professional boxer", "where was he born?", "Longford, County Longford, Ireland", "what is the historical significance of this place?", "A Dominican priory was founded there in 1400", "which title did the former boxer receive?", "British super-featherweight title", "when did he start his early boxing career?", "June 1995", "who did he fight in the wbu championship?", "Ben Odamattey", "who was his opponent in the alex arthur boxing?", "Alex Arthur", "where is this person from?", "Scotland" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:15849055", "title": "Alex Arthur [SEP] Comeback", "text": "He made his comeback the next year on 27 March 2004 by stopping Michael Kizza in the first round for the IBF Inter-Continental super featherweight title. He made two defences of that fringe title before lining himself up for a shot at Commonwealth Super-Featherweight champion Craig Docherty. To make matters more interesting the British title was now vacant again meaning that the Docherty fight would be for the British and Commonwealth Super-Featherweight titles. The fight took place at the Meadowbank Sports Centre in Edinburgh and ended with Arthur knocking Docherty out in the 9th round. Arthur was once again a force to be reckoned with." }

[ "who is michael gomez?", "Former professional boxer", "where was he born?", "Longford, County Longford, Ireland", "what is the historical significance of this place?", "A Dominican priory was founded there in 1400", "which title did the former boxer receive?", "British super-featherweight title", "when did he start his early boxing career?", "June 1995", "who did he fight in the wbu championship?", "Ben Odamattey", "who was his opponent in the alex arthur boxing?", "Alex Arthur", "where is this person from?", "Scotland", "when was his return after the gomez fight?", "27 March 2004" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:15849050", "title": "Alex Arthur [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Alex Arthur, (born 26 June 1978) is a Scottish former professional boxer who competed from 2000 to 2012. He held the WBO and WBO interim super featherweight titles in 2007. At regional level, he held the British super featherweight title twice between 2002 and 2006, and the Commonwealth and EBU European super featherweight title from 2005 to 2006." }

[]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:5835618", "title": "Age of Empires [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Age of Empires is a series of historical real-time strategy video games, originally developed by Ensemble Studios and published by Xbox Game Studios. The first game was \"Age of Empires\", released in 1997. Eight total games within the series have been released. \"Age of Empires\" focused on events in Europe, Africa and Asia, spanning from the Stone Age to the Iron Age; the expansion game explored the formation and expansion of the Roman Empire. The sequel, \"\", was set in the Middle Ages, while its expansion focused partially on the Spanish conquest of Mexico. The subsequent three games of \"Age of Empires III\" explored the early modern period, when Europe was colonizing the Americas and several Asian nations were on the decline." }

[ "what is age of empires?", "A series of historical real-time strategy video games" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:5835618", "title": "Age of Empires [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Age of Empires is a series of historical real-time strategy video games, originally developed by Ensemble Studios and published by Xbox Game Studios. The first game was \"Age of Empires\", released in 1997. Eight total games within the series have been released. \"Age of Empires\" focused on events in Europe, Africa and Asia, spanning from the Stone Age to the Iron Age; the expansion game explored the formation and expansion of the Roman Empire. The sequel, \"\", was set in the Middle Ages, while its expansion focused partially on the Spanish conquest of Mexico. The subsequent three games of \"Age of Empires III\" explored the early modern period, when Europe was colonizing the Americas and several Asian nations were on the decline." }

[ "what is age of empires?", "A series of historical real-time strategy video games", "when did it start?", "1997" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:5835618", "title": "Age of Empires [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Age of Empires is a series of historical real-time strategy video games, originally developed by Ensemble Studios and published by Xbox Game Studios. The first game was \"Age of Empires\", released in 1997. Eight total games within the series have been released. \"Age of Empires\" focused on events in Europe, Africa and Asia, spanning from the Stone Age to the Iron Age; the expansion game explored the formation and expansion of the Roman Empire. The sequel, \"\", was set in the Middle Ages, while its expansion focused partially on the Spanish conquest of Mexico. The subsequent three games of \"Age of Empires III\" explored the early modern period, when Europe was colonizing the Americas and several Asian nations were on the decline." }

[ "what is age of empires?", "A series of historical real-time strategy video games", "when did it start?", "1997", "who created it?", "Ensemble Studios" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:1794533", "title": "Ensemble Studios [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Ensemble Studios was an American video game developer. It was founded by Tony Goodman in 1994 and incorporated the following year. It borrowed the name of Ensemble Corporation, a consulting firm founded by Goodman in 1990. It was acquired by Microsoft in 2001 and operated as an internal studio until 2009, when its development capabilities were officially disbanded. Ensemble developed many real-time strategy games, including the \"Age of Empires\" game series, \"Age of Mythology\", and \"Halo Wars\". In addition to game development, Ensemble Studios also made the Genie Game Engine used in \"Age of Empires\", \"\", and \"\". The studio sold 20 million games and was worth an estimated $500 million." }

[ "what is age of empires?", "A series of historical real-time strategy video games", "when did it start?", "1997", "who created it?", "Ensemble Studios", "where is this studio located?", "America" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:1794534", "title": "Ensemble Studios [SEP] Games", "text": "Ensemble Studios developed the \"Age of Empires\" game series of real-time strategy titles, comprising \"Age of Empires\", \"\" and \"Age of Empires III\". They also released \"Age of Mythology\", a spin-off from the original series. Expansion packs were also released for all their games including two for \"Age of Empires III\". Their last release was the real-time strategy game called \"Halo Wars\" for Xbox 360." }

[ "what is age of empires?", "A series of historical real-time strategy video games", "when did it start?", "1997", "who created it?", "Ensemble Studios", "where is this studio located?", "America", "what are some games produced in this studio?", "Age of Empires, Age of Empires III, Age of Mythology and Halo Wars" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24380800", "title": "Age of Empires III [SEP] Home Cities", "text": "\"Age of Empires III\" is the first game in the series to introduce the \"Home City\" concept. The Home City functions as a second city, a powerhouse that is separated from the active game. It cannot be attacked or destroyed, although an Imperial Age upgrade called \"Blockade\" stops the player's opponents from receiving Home City shipments. Similar to a role-playing game character, the Home City is persistent between games, meaning that upgrades gained through separate games can be applied and stay applied for as long as that particular city exists. Multiple Home Cities can be created and maintained, although each supports only one civilization." }

[ "what is age of empires?", "A series of historical real-time strategy video games", "when did it start?", "1997", "who created it?", "Ensemble Studios", "where is this studio located?", "America", "what are some games produced in this studio?", "Age of Empires, Age of Empires III, Age of Mythology and Halo Wars", "what are the home cities of the second mentioned series?", "The Home City functions as a second city which cannot be attacked or destroyed and the player can make use of a shipment from their respective Home City" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24380834", "title": "Age of Empires III [SEP] Awards", "text": "\"Age of Empires III\" won \"PC Gamer US\"s \"Best Real-Time Strategy Game 2005\" award. The magazine's Brett Todd wrote, \"It was astounding how Ensemble managed to stick to the historical RTS formula yet keep the gameplay feeling fresh.\" The game was presented with two awards by GameSpy in 2005: \"Real-time strategy game of the year\" and \"Best Graphics\". GameSpy highly praised the game overall, giving it 5 stars in its review, which particularly noted the graphics and multiplayer experience. The game was named fifth-best game of 2005 by GameSpy. Other awards, including an \"Outstanding\" from GameZone, reflect the positive critical reception of the game." }

[ "what is age of empires?", "A series of historical real-time strategy video games", "when did it start?", "1997", "who created it?", "Ensemble Studios", "where is this studio located?", "America", "what are some games produced in this studio?", "Age of Empires, Age of Empires III, Age of Mythology and Halo Wars", "what are the home cities of the second mentioned series?", "The Home City functions as a second city which cannot be attacked or destroyed and the player can make use of a shipment from their respective Home City", "what are the awards this series won?", "PC Gamer US's \"Best Real-Time Strategy Game 2005\" award, GameSpy 2005 awards for \"Real-time strategy game of the year\" and \"Best Graphics\"" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24380829", "title": "Age of Empires III [SEP] Sound effects", "text": "GameZone praised the game's sound effects, saying that \"you will feel the explosions of the cannon balls, the muskets firing their endless volleys, and the destruction of a building. It all sounds extremely realistic, and makes the game come that much more alive.\" Eurogamer said \"AoE3 ... sounds fantastic\", while Game Revolution mentioned, \"The ambient sounds, music and voice work all suit the colonial theme.\"" }

[ "what is age of empires?", "A series of historical real-time strategy video games", "when did it start?", "1997", "who created it?", "Ensemble Studios", "where is this studio located?", "America", "what are some games produced in this studio?", "Age of Empires, Age of Empires III, Age of Mythology and Halo Wars", "what are the home cities of the second mentioned series?", "The Home City functions as a second city which cannot be attacked or destroyed and the player can make use of a shipment from their respective Home City", "what are the awards this series won?", "PC Gamer US's \"Best Real-Time Strategy Game 2005\" award, GameSpy 2005 awards for \"Real-time strategy game of the year\" and \"Best Graphics\"", "what are its sound effects like?", "GameZone praised the game's sound effects, saying that \"you will feel the explosions of the cannon balls, the muskets firing their endless volleys, and the destruction of a building\"" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24380819", "title": "Age of Empires III [SEP] Technical features", "text": "\"Age of Empires III\" builds on and introduces new features to the \"Age of Mythology\" engine, called \"Bang! Engine\". One new feature is the inclusion of the Havok physics simulation middleware engine on the Windows version and the similar PhysX engine on Mac OS X. This means that many events such as building destruction and tree falls will not be pre-created animations, but will be calculated according to the physics engine, in an innovation for the series. Other graphical features of the game include bloom lighting and support for pixel shader 3.0." }

[ "what is age of empires?", "A series of historical real-time strategy video games", "when did it start?", "1997", "who created it?", "Ensemble Studios", "where is this studio located?", "America", "what are some games produced in this studio?", "Age of Empires, Age of Empires III, Age of Mythology and Halo Wars", "what are the home cities of the second mentioned series?", "The Home City functions as a second city which cannot be attacked or destroyed and the player can make use of a shipment from their respective Home City", "what are the awards this series won?", "PC Gamer US's \"Best Real-Time Strategy Game 2005\" award, GameSpy 2005 awards for \"Real-time strategy game of the year\" and \"Best Graphics\"", "what are its sound effects like?", "GameZone praised the game's sound effects, saying that \"you will feel the explosions of the cannon balls, the muskets firing their endless volleys, and the destruction of a building\"", "what are the technical features of this?", "Inclusion of Havok physics simulation middleware engine on the Windows version and the similar PhysX engine on Mac OS X" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24380789", "title": "Age of Empires III [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Age of Empires III is a real-time strategy video game developed by Microsoft Corporation's Ensemble Studios and published by Microsoft Game Studios. The Mac version was ported over and developed and published by Destineer's MacSoft. The PC version was released on October 18, 2005 in North America and November 4, 2005 in Europe, while the Mac version was released on November 21, 2006 in North America and September 29, 2006 in Europe. An N-Gage version of the game developed by Glu Mobile was released on April 28, 2009. It is the third game of the \"Age of Empires\" series and the sequel to \"\"." }

[]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24611384", "title": "Rhodotus [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Rhodotus is a genus in the fungus family Physalacriaceae. It is a monotypic genus and consists of the single mushroom species Rhodotus palmatus, known in the vernacular as the netted rhodotus, the rosy veincap, or the wrinkled peach. This uncommon species has a circumboreal distribution, and has been collected in eastern North America, northern Africa, Europe, and Asia; declining populations in Europe have led to its appearance in over half of the European fungal Red Lists of threatened species. Typically found growing on the stumps and logs of rotting hardwoods, mature specimens may usually be identified by the pinkish color and the distinctive ridged and veined surface of their rubbery caps; variations in the color and quantity of light received during development lead to variations in the size, shape, and cap color of fruit bodies." }

[ "what is rhodotus?", "A genus in the fungus family Physalacriaceae" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24611386", "title": "Rhodotus [SEP] History and etymology", "text": "The type species of genus \"Rhodotus\" was originally described as \"Agaricus palmatus\" in 1785 by French botanist Jean Bulliard; mycologist Elias Magnus Fries later included it under the same name in his \"Systema Mycologicum\". It was transferred to the then newly described genus \"Rhodotus\" in a 1926 publication by French mycologist René Maire. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin \"palmatus\", meaning \"shaped like a hand\"—possibly a reference to the resemblance of the cap surface to the lines in the palm of a hand. Common names for \"R. palmatus\" include the netted rhodotus, the rosy veincap, and the wrinkled peach." }

[ "what is rhodotus?", "A genus in the fungus family Physalacriaceae", "where did it get its name from?", "The specific epithet is derived from the Latin \"palmatus\", meaning \"shaped like a hand\"—possibly a reference to the resemblance of the cap surface to the lines in the palm of a hand" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24611386", "title": "Rhodotus [SEP] History and etymology", "text": "The type species of genus \"Rhodotus\" was originally described as \"Agaricus palmatus\" in 1785 by French botanist Jean Bulliard; mycologist Elias Magnus Fries later included it under the same name in his \"Systema Mycologicum\". It was transferred to the then newly described genus \"Rhodotus\" in a 1926 publication by French mycologist René Maire. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin \"palmatus\", meaning \"shaped like a hand\"—possibly a reference to the resemblance of the cap surface to the lines in the palm of a hand. Common names for \"R. palmatus\" include the netted rhodotus, the rosy veincap, and the wrinkled peach." }

[ "what is rhodotus?", "A genus in the fungus family Physalacriaceae", "where did it get its name from?", "The specific epithet is derived from the Latin \"palmatus\", meaning \"shaped like a hand\"—possibly a reference to the resemblance of the cap surface to the lines in the palm of a hand", "who described it first?", "Jean Bulliard" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24611386", "title": "Rhodotus [SEP] History and etymology", "text": "The type species of genus \"Rhodotus\" was originally described as \"Agaricus palmatus\" in 1785 by French botanist Jean Bulliard; mycologist Elias Magnus Fries later included it under the same name in his \"Systema Mycologicum\". It was transferred to the then newly described genus \"Rhodotus\" in a 1926 publication by French mycologist René Maire. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin \"palmatus\", meaning \"shaped like a hand\"—possibly a reference to the resemblance of the cap surface to the lines in the palm of a hand. Common names for \"R. palmatus\" include the netted rhodotus, the rosy veincap, and the wrinkled peach." }

[ "what is rhodotus?", "A genus in the fungus family Physalacriaceae", "where did it get its name from?", "The specific epithet is derived from the Latin \"palmatus\", meaning \"shaped like a hand\"—possibly a reference to the resemblance of the cap surface to the lines in the palm of a hand", "who described it first?", "Jean Bulliard", "where is it described?", "Systema Mycologicum" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24611396", "title": "Rhodotus [SEP] Edibility", "text": "Depending on the source consulted, the edibility of \"Rhodotus palmatus\" is typically listed as unknown or inedible. The species has no distinguishable odor, and a \"bitter\" taste, although one early description referred to the taste as \"sweet\"." }

[ "what is rhodotus?", "A genus in the fungus family Physalacriaceae", "where did it get its name from?", "The specific epithet is derived from the Latin \"palmatus\", meaning \"shaped like a hand\"—possibly a reference to the resemblance of the cap surface to the lines in the palm of a hand", "who described it first?", "Jean Bulliard", "where is it described?", "Systema Mycologicum", "is it edible?", "No" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24611391", "title": "Rhodotus [SEP] Characteristics", "text": "The fruit body of \"Rhodotus\" has a cap, and stem without a ring or volva. The cap initially assumes a convex shape before flattening somewhat with age, and typically reaches widths of . The edges of the cap are rolled inwards, and the cap surface typically has a conspicuous network of lightly colored ridges or veins that outline deep and narrow grooves or pits—a condition technically termed \"sulcate\" or \"reticulate\". Between the ridges, the surface color is somewhat variable; depending on the lighting conditions experienced by the mushroom during its development, it may range from salmon-orange to pink to red." }

[ "what is rhodotus?", "A genus in the fungus family Physalacriaceae", "where did it get its name from?", "The specific epithet is derived from the Latin \"palmatus\", meaning \"shaped like a hand\"—possibly a reference to the resemblance of the cap surface to the lines in the palm of a hand", "who described it first?", "Jean Bulliard", "where is it described?", "Systema Mycologicum", "is it edible?", "No", "what are its characteristics?", "The fruit body of \"Rhodotus\" has a cap, and stem without a ring or volva" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24611399", "title": "Rhodotus [SEP] Habitat and distribution", "text": "\"R. palmatus\" tends to fruit in cooler and moister weather, from spring to autumn in the United States, or autumn to winter in Britain and Europe. Described as having a circumboreal distribution, \"R. palmatus\" has been reported from Canada, Iran, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Slovakia, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Germany, the area formerly known as the USSR, Korea, Japan, and New Zealand. In the United States it has been found in Indiana, and elsewhere in eastern North America. Although often described as \"rare\", a 1997 study suggests that it may be relatively common in Illinois. It has been suggested that an increase in the number of dead elms, a byproduct of Dutch elm disease, has contributed to its resurgence." }

[ "what is rhodotus?", "A genus in the fungus family Physalacriaceae", "where did it get its name from?", "The specific epithet is derived from the Latin \"palmatus\", meaning \"shaped like a hand\"—possibly a reference to the resemblance of the cap surface to the lines in the palm of a hand", "who described it first?", "Jean Bulliard", "where is it described?", "Systema Mycologicum", "is it edible?", "No", "what are its characteristics?", "The fruit body of \"Rhodotus\" has a cap, and stem without a ring or volva", "where is it commonly found?", "Canada, Iran, Hungary, Italy" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24611395", "title": "Rhodotus [SEP] Microscopic features", "text": "Clamp connections are present in the hyphae. The outer cellular layer of the cap cuticle is made of bladder-shaped, thick-walled hyphae, each individually supported by a small stalk that extends down into a \"gelatinized zone\". Chlamydospores are asexual reproductive units made by some fungi that allow them to exist solely as mycelium, a process which helps them survive over periods unsuitable for growth; \"Rhodotus\" was shown experimentally to be capable of producing these structures in 1906. The chlamydospores of \"Rhodotus\" are thick-walled cells that develop from single hyphal compartments, and have dimensions of 12–8 by ." }

[ "what is rhodotus?", "A genus in the fungus family Physalacriaceae", "where did it get its name from?", "The specific epithet is derived from the Latin \"palmatus\", meaning \"shaped like a hand\"—possibly a reference to the resemblance of the cap surface to the lines in the palm of a hand", "who described it first?", "Jean Bulliard", "where is it described?", "Systema Mycologicum", "is it edible?", "No", "what are its characteristics?", "The fruit body of \"Rhodotus\" has a cap, and stem without a ring or volva", "where is it commonly found?", "Canada, Iran, Hungary, Italy", "what are its microscopic features?", "The spores of \"Rhodotus\" have a roughly spherical shape and the spore surface is marked with numerous wart-like projections" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24611384", "title": "Rhodotus [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Rhodotus is a genus in the fungus family Physalacriaceae. It is a monotypic genus and consists of the single mushroom species Rhodotus palmatus, known in the vernacular as the netted rhodotus, the rosy veincap, or the wrinkled peach. This uncommon species has a circumboreal distribution, and has been collected in eastern North America, northern Africa, Europe, and Asia; declining populations in Europe have led to its appearance in over half of the European fungal Red Lists of threatened species. Typically found growing on the stumps and logs of rotting hardwoods, mature specimens may usually be identified by the pinkish color and the distinctive ridged and veined surface of their rubbery caps; variations in the color and quantity of light received during development lead to variations in the size, shape, and cap color of fruit bodies." }

[ "what is rhodotus?", "A genus in the fungus family Physalacriaceae", "where did it get its name from?", "The specific epithet is derived from the Latin \"palmatus\", meaning \"shaped like a hand\"—possibly a reference to the resemblance of the cap surface to the lines in the palm of a hand", "who described it first?", "Jean Bulliard", "where is it described?", "Systema Mycologicum", "is it edible?", "No", "what are its characteristics?", "The fruit body of \"Rhodotus\" has a cap, and stem without a ring or volva", "where is it commonly found?", "Canada, Iran, Hungary, Italy", "what are its microscopic features?", "The spores of \"Rhodotus\" have a roughly spherical shape and the spore surface is marked with numerous wart-like projections", "can you describe what it is?", "It is a monotypic genus and consists of the single mushroom species Rhodotus palmatus, known in the vernacular as the netted rhodotus, the rosy veincap, or the wrinkled peach" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24611402", "title": "Rhodotus [SEP] Conservation status", "text": "In the 1980s in Europe, increases in the levels of air pollution, as well as changing land use practices coincided with reports of declines in the populations of certain mushrooms. Consequently, a number of fungal conservation initiatives were started to better understand fungal biodiversity; as of October 2007, 31 European countries have produced fungal Red Lists of threatened species. \"Rhodotus palmatus\" is a candidate species in over half of the European fungal Red Lists, and is listed as critically endangered, endangered, or near threatened (or the equivalent) in 12 countries. In the Baltic countries Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, it is considered by the Environmental Protection Ministries (a branch of government charged with implementing the Convention on Biological Diversity) to be regionally extinct, reported as \"extinct or probably extinct\"." }

[]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:10053550", "title": "The Bill (Inside No. 9) [SEP] Introduction", "text": "\"The Bill\" is the second episode of the third series of the British dark comedy anthology television programme \"Inside No. 9\". It first aired on 21 February 2017, on BBC Two. The episode was written by Reece Shearsmith and Steve Pemberton, and was directed by Guillem Morales. \"The Bill\" focuses on four men—Archie, Malcolm, Kevin, and Craig—arguing over who should pay the bill in a restaurant at closing time, much to the dismay of the waitress Anya. It addresses themes of masculinity and competition, and the English north–south divide is a recurring issue; Craig, the visiting southerner, is wealthier than the other three, and unfamiliar with some of their terminology." }

[ "what is \"the bill (inside no.9) ?", "\"The Bill\" is the second episode of the third series of the British dark comedy anthology television programme \"Inside No. 9\"." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:10053550", "title": "The Bill (Inside No. 9) [SEP] Introduction", "text": "\"The Bill\" is the second episode of the third series of the British dark comedy anthology television programme \"Inside No. 9\". It first aired on 21 February 2017, on BBC Two. The episode was written by Reece Shearsmith and Steve Pemberton, and was directed by Guillem Morales. \"The Bill\" focuses on four men—Archie, Malcolm, Kevin, and Craig—arguing over who should pay the bill in a restaurant at closing time, much to the dismay of the waitress Anya. It addresses themes of masculinity and competition, and the English north–south divide is a recurring issue; Craig, the visiting southerner, is wealthier than the other three, and unfamiliar with some of their terminology." }

[ "what is \"the bill (inside no.9) ?", "\"The Bill\" is the second episode of the third series of the British dark comedy anthology television programme \"Inside No. 9\".", "who directed it?", "Guillem Morales." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:10053560", "title": "The Bill (Inside No. 9) [SEP] Plot", "text": "Anya closes a restaurant where four men—northerners Archie, Malcolm, and Kevin are entertaining Londoner Craig—have finished a post-badminton meal. After a misunderstanding between Craig and the thickly accented Anya, Malcolm takes the bill, but he and Archie both wish to pay. Craig insists that \"he\" will pay, as he is leaving, and wealthier than the others. The three argue, Archie being unable to pay as the card machine lacks paper. Malcolm suggests that the bill should be split three ways, the northerners treating Craig, but Kevin claims to be the poorest. Archie, Malcolm, and Craig thrust cards at Anya until Kevin offers to pay." }

[ "what is \"the bill (inside no.9) ?", "\"The Bill\" is the second episode of the third series of the British dark comedy anthology television programme \"Inside No. 9\".", "who directed it?", "Guillem Morales.", "what is the main storyline of this episode?", "Anya closes a restaurant where four men have finished a post-badminton meal." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:10053572", "title": "The Bill (Inside No. 9) [SEP] Writers' Guild Award", "text": "At the 2018 Writers' Guild Awards, administered by the Writers' Guild of Great Britain, Shearsmith and Pemberton won the Best TV Situation Comedy award for their work on \"The Bill\". The award was presented by Brenda Gilhooly. The other nominees were Daisy May Cooper and Charlie Cooper, the writers of \"This Country\", and Simon Blackwell, for his work on \"Back\"." }

[ "what is \"the bill (inside no.9) ?", "\"The Bill\" is the second episode of the third series of the British dark comedy anthology television programme \"Inside No. 9\".", "who directed it?", "Guillem Morales.", "what is the main storyline of this episode?", "Anya closes a restaurant where four men have finished a post-badminton meal.", "did it receive any award?", "At the 2018 Writers' Guild Awards, Shearsmith and Pemberton won the Best TV Situation Comedy award for their work on \"The Bill\"." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:5862009", "title": "Reece Shearsmith [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Reeson Wayne \"Reece\" Shearsmith (born 27 August 1969) is an English actor, writer and comedian. He created, wrote and starred in sketch show \"The League of Gentlemen\", along with Steve Pemberton, Mark Gatiss, and Jeremy Dyson. He and Pemberton also created, wrote and starred in the dark comedy series \"Psychoville\". The pair currently write and star in their anthology series \"The League of Gentlemen\", \"Psychoville\" and \"Inside No. 9\", Shearsmith plays multiple characters. He had notable roles in \"Spaced\", \"The World's End\" and the \"Doctor Who\" episode \"Sleep No More, a\"s well as making a small appearance in \"Shaun of the Dead.\"" }

[ "what is \"the bill (inside no.9) ?", "\"The Bill\" is the second episode of the third series of the British dark comedy anthology television programme \"Inside No. 9\".", "who directed it?", "Guillem Morales.", "what is the main storyline of this episode?", "Anya closes a restaurant where four men have finished a post-badminton meal.", "did it receive any award?", "At the 2018 Writers' Guild Awards, Shearsmith and Pemberton won the Best TV Situation Comedy award for their work on \"The Bill\".", "is the former an actor?", "Yes - Reeson Wayne \"Reece\" Shearsmith is an English actor, writer and comedian." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:5862009", "title": "Reece Shearsmith [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Reeson Wayne \"Reece\" Shearsmith (born 27 August 1969) is an English actor, writer and comedian. He created, wrote and starred in sketch show \"The League of Gentlemen\", along with Steve Pemberton, Mark Gatiss, and Jeremy Dyson. He and Pemberton also created, wrote and starred in the dark comedy series \"Psychoville\". The pair currently write and star in their anthology series \"The League of Gentlemen\", \"Psychoville\" and \"Inside No. 9\", Shearsmith plays multiple characters. He had notable roles in \"Spaced\", \"The World's End\" and the \"Doctor Who\" episode \"Sleep No More, a\"s well as making a small appearance in \"Shaun of the Dead.\"" }

[ "what is \"the bill (inside no.9) ?", "\"The Bill\" is the second episode of the third series of the British dark comedy anthology television programme \"Inside No. 9\".", "who directed it?", "Guillem Morales.", "what is the main storyline of this episode?", "Anya closes a restaurant where four men have finished a post-badminton meal.", "did it receive any award?", "At the 2018 Writers' Guild Awards, Shearsmith and Pemberton won the Best TV Situation Comedy award for their work on \"The Bill\".", "is the former an actor?", "Yes - Reeson Wayne \"Reece\" Shearsmith is an English actor, writer and comedian.", "has he been in films?", "Yes - The World's End, Shaun of the Dead" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:5862009", "title": "Reece Shearsmith [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Reeson Wayne \"Reece\" Shearsmith (born 27 August 1969) is an English actor, writer and comedian. He created, wrote and starred in sketch show \"The League of Gentlemen\", along with Steve Pemberton, Mark Gatiss, and Jeremy Dyson. He and Pemberton also created, wrote and starred in the dark comedy series \"Psychoville\". The pair currently write and star in their anthology series \"The League of Gentlemen\", \"Psychoville\" and \"Inside No. 9\", Shearsmith plays multiple characters. He had notable roles in \"Spaced\", \"The World's End\" and the \"Doctor Who\" episode \"Sleep No More, a\"s well as making a small appearance in \"Shaun of the Dead.\"" }

[ "what is \"the bill (inside no.9) ?", "\"The Bill\" is the second episode of the third series of the British dark comedy anthology television programme \"Inside No. 9\".", "who directed it?", "Guillem Morales.", "what is the main storyline of this episode?", "Anya closes a restaurant where four men have finished a post-badminton meal.", "did it receive any award?", "At the 2018 Writers' Guild Awards, Shearsmith and Pemberton won the Best TV Situation Comedy award for their work on \"The Bill\".", "is the former an actor?", "Yes - Reeson Wayne \"Reece\" Shearsmith is an English actor, writer and comedian.", "has he been in films?", "Yes - The World's End, Shaun of the Dead", "what is his role in the former?", "UNANSWERABLE" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:7006853", "title": "The World's End (film) [SEP] Introduction", "text": "The World's End is a 2013 science fiction comedy film directed by Edgar Wright, written by Wright and Simon Pegg, and starring Pegg, Nick Frost, Paddy Considine, Martin Freeman, Eddie Marsan and Rosamund Pike. The film follows five friends who discover that there is an alien invasion in their old home town during an epic pub crawl. Wright has described the film as social science fiction in the tradition of John Wyndham and Samuel Youd (John Christopher). It is the third and final film in the \"Three Flavours Cornetto trilogy\", following \"Shaun of the Dead\" (2004) and \"Hot Fuzz\" (2007)." }

[ "what is \"the bill (inside no.9) ?", "\"The Bill\" is the second episode of the third series of the British dark comedy anthology television programme \"Inside No. 9\".", "who directed it?", "Guillem Morales.", "what is the main storyline of this episode?", "Anya closes a restaurant where four men have finished a post-badminton meal.", "did it receive any award?", "At the 2018 Writers' Guild Awards, Shearsmith and Pemberton won the Best TV Situation Comedy award for their work on \"The Bill\".", "is the former an actor?", "Yes - Reeson Wayne \"Reece\" Shearsmith is an English actor, writer and comedian.", "has he been in films?", "Yes - The World's End, Shaun of the Dead", "what is his role in the former?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what genre was the anthology mentioned?", "science fiction comedy" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:7006853", "title": "The World's End (film) [SEP] Introduction", "text": "The World's End is a 2013 science fiction comedy film directed by Edgar Wright, written by Wright and Simon Pegg, and starring Pegg, Nick Frost, Paddy Considine, Martin Freeman, Eddie Marsan and Rosamund Pike. The film follows five friends who discover that there is an alien invasion in their old home town during an epic pub crawl. Wright has described the film as social science fiction in the tradition of John Wyndham and Samuel Youd (John Christopher). It is the third and final film in the \"Three Flavours Cornetto trilogy\", following \"Shaun of the Dead\" (2004) and \"Hot Fuzz\" (2007)." }

[ "what is \"the bill (inside no.9) ?", "\"The Bill\" is the second episode of the third series of the British dark comedy anthology television programme \"Inside No. 9\".", "who directed it?", "Guillem Morales.", "what is the main storyline of this episode?", "Anya closes a restaurant where four men have finished a post-badminton meal.", "did it receive any award?", "At the 2018 Writers' Guild Awards, Shearsmith and Pemberton won the Best TV Situation Comedy award for their work on \"The Bill\".", "is the former an actor?", "Yes - Reeson Wayne \"Reece\" Shearsmith is an English actor, writer and comedian.", "has he been in films?", "Yes - The World's End, Shaun of the Dead", "what is his role in the former?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what genre was the anthology mentioned?", "science fiction comedy", "which channel aired it?", "UNANSWERABLE" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:7641819", "title": "Inside No. 9 [SEP] Halloween Special (2018)", "text": "This episode was a live broadcast, rather than a pre-recorded episode." }

[]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:10798996", "title": "Typhoon Nina (1987) [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Typhoon Nina, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Sisang, was the most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines since Typhoon Irma in 1981. Typhoon Nina originated from an area of convection near the Marshall Islands in mid-November 1987. It gradually became better organized, and on November 19, was first classified as a tropical cyclone. Moving west-northwest, Nina attained tropical storm intensity that evening. Late on November 20, Nina passed through the Chuuk Lagoon. After a brief pause in intensification, Nina intensified into a typhoon on November 22. Two days later, the typhoon intensified suddenly, before attaining its peak 10 minute intensity of ." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:10798996", "title": "Typhoon Nina (1987) [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Typhoon Nina, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Sisang, was the most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines since Typhoon Irma in 1981. Typhoon Nina originated from an area of convection near the Marshall Islands in mid-November 1987. It gradually became better organized, and on November 19, was first classified as a tropical cyclone. Moving west-northwest, Nina attained tropical storm intensity that evening. Late on November 20, Nina passed through the Chuuk Lagoon. After a brief pause in intensification, Nina intensified into a typhoon on November 22. Two days later, the typhoon intensified suddenly, before attaining its peak 10 minute intensity of ." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines.", "which places did it impacted?", "Philippines" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:10799012", "title": "Typhoon Nina (1987) [SEP] Aftermath", "text": "Due to the damage wrought by Nina, President Corazon Aquino declared four Luzon provinces a disaster area. Initially, only 11 provinces were declared a state of emergency, but by November 29, this total increased to 17. United States Ambassador Nicholas Platt released $25,000 in emergency aid and sent officials to help with relief efforts. The American Red Cross also provided $24,000 worth of aid to post-storm victims. The Roman Catholic Church also provided $160,000 worth of food to the nation. Additionally, Social Welfare and Development Secretary Mita Pardo de Tavera donated $50,000 for emergency disaster relief, though many locals complained that this aid was too little and too late." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines.", "which places did it impacted?", "Philippines", "what was its after-effect?", "Due to the damage wrought by Nina, President Corazon Aquino declared four Luzon provinces a disaster area." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:19849628", "title": "Corazon Aquino [SEP] Accession as President", "text": "At that time, Aquino was meditating in a Carmelite convent in Cebu, and upon learning of the defection, she urged people to rally behind Minister Enrile and General Ramos. Aquino flew back to Manila to prepare for the takeover of the government, and after three days of peaceful mass protests, was sworn in as the eleventh President of the Philippines on 25 February 1986." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines.", "which places did it impacted?", "Philippines", "what was its after-effect?", "Due to the damage wrought by Nina, President Corazon Aquino declared four Luzon provinces a disaster area.", "when did aquino get this political title?", "25 February 1986" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:19849657", "title": "Corazon Aquino [SEP] Charitable and social initiatives", "text": "Aside from being visible in various political gatherings and demonstrations, Aquino was heavily involved in several charitable activities and socio-economic initiatives. From 1992 until her death, Aquino was chairperson of the Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. Foundation which she set up in her husband's honor right after his brutal assassination in 1983. Further, she supported other causes such as the Gawad Kalinga social housing project for the poor and homeless. In 2007, Aquino helped establish the PinoyME Foundation, a non-profit organization that aims to provide microfinancing programs and projects for the poor. She was also a lifelong member of the Council of Women World Leaders, an international organization of former and current female heads of state and government." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines.", "which places did it impacted?", "Philippines", "what was its after-effect?", "Due to the damage wrought by Nina, President Corazon Aquino declared four Luzon provinces a disaster area.", "when did aquino get this political title?", "25 February 1986", "was she active in charitable initiatives?", "Yes, she was chairperson of the Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. Foundation" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:19849672", "title": "Corazon Aquino [SEP] Honors", "text": "In 2002, Aquino became the first woman named to the Board of Governors of the Board of the Asian Institute of Management, a leading graduate business school and think tank in the Asia Pacific region. She served on the Board until 2006." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines.", "which places did it impacted?", "Philippines", "what was its after-effect?", "Due to the damage wrought by Nina, President Corazon Aquino declared four Luzon provinces a disaster area.", "when did aquino get this political title?", "25 February 1986", "was she active in charitable initiatives?", "Yes, she was chairperson of the Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. Foundation", "has she been honoured?", "She became the first woman named to the Board of Governors of the Board of the Asian Institute of Management, a leading graduate business school and think tank in the Asia Pacific region." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:14557883", "title": "Asian Institute of Management [SEP] World Rankings", "text": "The consulting organization and publisher of global academic rankings Center for World University Rankings (CWUR) ranks the Asian Institute of Management as first among all Philippine universities and 1079th worldwide." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines.", "which places did it impacted?", "Philippines", "what was its after-effect?", "Due to the damage wrought by Nina, President Corazon Aquino declared four Luzon provinces a disaster area.", "when did aquino get this political title?", "25 February 1986", "was she active in charitable initiatives?", "Yes, she was chairperson of the Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. Foundation", "has she been honoured?", "She became the first woman named to the Board of Governors of the Board of the Asian Institute of Management, a leading graduate business school and think tank in the Asia Pacific region.", "what is the world ranking of the institute you just mentioned?", "1079th" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:14557867", "title": "Asian Institute of Management [SEP] Introduction", "text": "The Asian Institute of Management (AIM) is an international management school and research institution. It is one of the few business schools in Asia to be internationally accredited with the AACSB. It was established in partnership with Harvard Business School and uses the Harvard Business School case study teaching methodology. Prof Stephen Fuller of the Harvard Business School was its first President, to be succeeded by another professor from Harvard. It was described by Asiaweek magazine (a TIME publication) as the best in the Asia-Pacific region in terms of executive education. The institute was established in 1968 in partnership with Ateneo de Manila University, De La Salle University, Harvard Business School, the Ford Foundation, and visionaries of the Asian academic and business communities." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines.", "which places did it impacted?", "Philippines", "what was its after-effect?", "Due to the damage wrought by Nina, President Corazon Aquino declared four Luzon provinces a disaster area.", "when did aquino get this political title?", "25 February 1986", "was she active in charitable initiatives?", "Yes, she was chairperson of the Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. Foundation", "has she been honoured?", "She became the first woman named to the Board of Governors of the Board of the Asian Institute of Management, a leading graduate business school and think tank in the Asia Pacific region.", "what is the world ranking of the institute you just mentioned?", "1079th", "who established it?", "1968" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:14557867", "title": "Asian Institute of Management [SEP] Introduction", "text": "The Asian Institute of Management (AIM) is an international management school and research institution. It is one of the few business schools in Asia to be internationally accredited with the AACSB. It was established in partnership with Harvard Business School and uses the Harvard Business School case study teaching methodology. Prof Stephen Fuller of the Harvard Business School was its first President, to be succeeded by another professor from Harvard. It was described by Asiaweek magazine (a TIME publication) as the best in the Asia-Pacific region in terms of executive education. The institute was established in 1968 in partnership with Ateneo de Manila University, De La Salle University, Harvard Business School, the Ford Foundation, and visionaries of the Asian academic and business communities." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines.", "which places did it impacted?", "Philippines", "what was its after-effect?", "Due to the damage wrought by Nina, President Corazon Aquino declared four Luzon provinces a disaster area.", "when did aquino get this political title?", "25 February 1986", "was she active in charitable initiatives?", "Yes, she was chairperson of the Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. Foundation", "has she been honoured?", "She became the first woman named to the Board of Governors of the Board of the Asian Institute of Management, a leading graduate business school and think tank in the Asia Pacific region.", "what is the world ranking of the institute you just mentioned?", "1079th", "who established it?", "1968", "who established it?", "UNANSWERABLE" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:14557869", "title": "Asian Institute of Management [SEP] Washington SyCip Graduate School of Business", "text": "The Washington SyCip Graduate School of Business (SyCip School) offers two degree programs: the 12-month Master in Business Administration and the Executive MBA program. Instruction is based primarily on the case method developed at Harvard Business School. The school applies American and European management principles to problems in Asia. Over the decades, however, the school has built up a bank of its own Asian cases." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines.", "which places did it impacted?", "Philippines", "what was its after-effect?", "Due to the damage wrought by Nina, President Corazon Aquino declared four Luzon provinces a disaster area.", "when did aquino get this political title?", "25 February 1986", "was she active in charitable initiatives?", "Yes, she was chairperson of the Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. Foundation", "has she been honoured?", "She became the first woman named to the Board of Governors of the Board of the Asian Institute of Management, a leading graduate business school and think tank in the Asia Pacific region.", "what is the world ranking of the institute you just mentioned?", "1079th", "who established it?", "1968", "who established it?", "UNANSWERABLE", "do they have a business school?", "Yes, the Washington SyCip Graduate School of Business" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:14557869", "title": "Asian Institute of Management [SEP] Washington SyCip Graduate School of Business", "text": "The Washington SyCip Graduate School of Business (SyCip School) offers two degree programs: the 12-month Master in Business Administration and the Executive MBA program. Instruction is based primarily on the case method developed at Harvard Business School. The school applies American and European management principles to problems in Asia. Over the decades, however, the school has built up a bank of its own Asian cases." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines.", "which places did it impacted?", "Philippines", "what was its after-effect?", "Due to the damage wrought by Nina, President Corazon Aquino declared four Luzon provinces a disaster area.", "when did aquino get this political title?", "25 February 1986", "was she active in charitable initiatives?", "Yes, she was chairperson of the Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. Foundation", "has she been honoured?", "She became the first woman named to the Board of Governors of the Board of the Asian Institute of Management, a leading graduate business school and think tank in the Asia Pacific region.", "what is the world ranking of the institute you just mentioned?", "1079th", "who established it?", "1968", "who established it?", "UNANSWERABLE", "do they have a business school?", "Yes, the Washington SyCip Graduate School of Business", "how is the institute and harvard connected?", "Their instruction is based primarily on the case method developed at Harvard Business School." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:22100176", "title": "Harvard Business School [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Harvard Business School (HBS) is the graduate business school of Harvard University. Located in Boston, Massachusetts, it is consistently ranked among the top business schools in the world and offers a large full-time MBA program, management-related doctoral programs, and many executive education programs. It owns Harvard Business Publishing, which publishes business books, leadership articles, case studies, and the monthly \"Harvard Business Review\". It is also home to the Baker Library/Bloomberg Center." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines.", "which places did it impacted?", "Philippines", "what was its after-effect?", "Due to the damage wrought by Nina, President Corazon Aquino declared four Luzon provinces a disaster area.", "when did aquino get this political title?", "25 February 1986", "was she active in charitable initiatives?", "Yes, she was chairperson of the Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. Foundation", "has she been honoured?", "She became the first woman named to the Board of Governors of the Board of the Asian Institute of Management, a leading graduate business school and think tank in the Asia Pacific region.", "what is the world ranking of the institute you just mentioned?", "1079th", "who established it?", "1968", "who established it?", "UNANSWERABLE", "do they have a business school?", "Yes, the Washington SyCip Graduate School of Business", "how is the institute and harvard connected?", "Their instruction is based primarily on the case method developed at Harvard Business School.", "what are some of the programs at harvard?", "Advanced Management Program (AMP), Owner/President Management Program (OPM), Harvard Business School Online (HBS Online), Summer Venture in Management Program (SVMP)." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:22100181", "title": "Harvard Business School [SEP] Student life", "text": "HBS students can join more than 80 different clubs and student organizations on campus. The Student Association (SA) is the main interface between the MBA student body and the faculty/administration. In addition, HBS student body is represented at the university-level by the Harvard Graduate Council." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines.", "which places did it impacted?", "Philippines", "what was its after-effect?", "Due to the damage wrought by Nina, President Corazon Aquino declared four Luzon provinces a disaster area.", "when did aquino get this political title?", "25 February 1986", "was she active in charitable initiatives?", "Yes, she was chairperson of the Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. Foundation", "has she been honoured?", "She became the first woman named to the Board of Governors of the Board of the Asian Institute of Management, a leading graduate business school and think tank in the Asia Pacific region.", "what is the world ranking of the institute you just mentioned?", "1079th", "who established it?", "1968", "who established it?", "UNANSWERABLE", "do they have a business school?", "Yes, the Washington SyCip Graduate School of Business", "how is the institute and harvard connected?", "Their instruction is based primarily on the case method developed at Harvard Business School.", "what are some of the programs at harvard?", "Advanced Management Program (AMP), Owner/President Management Program (OPM), Harvard Business School Online (HBS Online), Summer Venture in Management Program (SVMP).", "can you tell me something about their student life?", "HBS students can join more than 80 different clubs and student organizations on campus" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:22100176", "title": "Harvard Business School [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Harvard Business School (HBS) is the graduate business school of Harvard University. Located in Boston, Massachusetts, it is consistently ranked among the top business schools in the world and offers a large full-time MBA program, management-related doctoral programs, and many executive education programs. It owns Harvard Business Publishing, which publishes business books, leadership articles, case studies, and the monthly \"Harvard Business Review\". It is also home to the Baker Library/Bloomberg Center." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines.", "which places did it impacted?", "Philippines", "what was its after-effect?", "Due to the damage wrought by Nina, President Corazon Aquino declared four Luzon provinces a disaster area.", "when did aquino get this political title?", "25 February 1986", "was she active in charitable initiatives?", "Yes, she was chairperson of the Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. Foundation", "has she been honoured?", "She became the first woman named to the Board of Governors of the Board of the Asian Institute of Management, a leading graduate business school and think tank in the Asia Pacific region.", "what is the world ranking of the institute you just mentioned?", "1079th", "who established it?", "1968", "who established it?", "UNANSWERABLE", "do they have a business school?", "Yes, the Washington SyCip Graduate School of Business", "how is the institute and harvard connected?", "Their instruction is based primarily on the case method developed at Harvard Business School.", "what are some of the programs at harvard?", "Advanced Management Program (AMP), Owner/President Management Program (OPM), Harvard Business School Online (HBS Online), Summer Venture in Management Program (SVMP).", "can you tell me something about their student life?", "HBS students can join more than 80 different clubs and student organizations on campus", "do they have a publishing house?", "Yes, Harvard Business Publishing" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:22100176", "title": "Harvard Business School [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Harvard Business School (HBS) is the graduate business school of Harvard University. Located in Boston, Massachusetts, it is consistently ranked among the top business schools in the world and offers a large full-time MBA program, management-related doctoral programs, and many executive education programs. It owns Harvard Business Publishing, which publishes business books, leadership articles, case studies, and the monthly \"Harvard Business Review\". It is also home to the Baker Library/Bloomberg Center." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines.", "which places did it impacted?", "Philippines", "what was its after-effect?", "Due to the damage wrought by Nina, President Corazon Aquino declared four Luzon provinces a disaster area.", "when did aquino get this political title?", "25 February 1986", "was she active in charitable initiatives?", "Yes, she was chairperson of the Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. Foundation", "has she been honoured?", "She became the first woman named to the Board of Governors of the Board of the Asian Institute of Management, a leading graduate business school and think tank in the Asia Pacific region.", "what is the world ranking of the institute you just mentioned?", "1079th", "who established it?", "1968", "who established it?", "UNANSWERABLE", "do they have a business school?", "Yes, the Washington SyCip Graduate School of Business", "how is the institute and harvard connected?", "Their instruction is based primarily on the case method developed at Harvard Business School.", "what are some of the programs at harvard?", "Advanced Management Program (AMP), Owner/President Management Program (OPM), Harvard Business School Online (HBS Online), Summer Venture in Management Program (SVMP).", "can you tell me something about their student life?", "HBS students can join more than 80 different clubs and student organizations on campus", "do they have a publishing house?", "Yes, Harvard Business Publishing", "what do they publish?", "business books, leadership articles, case studies, and the monthly \"Harvard Business Review\"." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:14562896", "title": "Harvard Business Review [SEP] Early days", "text": "\"Harvard Business Review\" began in 1922 as a magazine for Harvard Business School. Founded under the auspices of Dean Wallace Donham, \"HBR\" was meant to be more than just a typical school publication. \"The paper [\"HBR\"] is intended to be the highest type of business journal that we can make it, and for use by the student and the business man. It is not a school paper,\" Donham wrote. Initially, \"HBR\"s focus was on macroeconomic trends, as well as on important developments within specific industries. Following World War II, \"HBR\" emphasized the cutting-edge management techniques that were developed in large corporations, like General Motors, during that time period." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines.", "which places did it impacted?", "Philippines", "what was its after-effect?", "Due to the damage wrought by Nina, President Corazon Aquino declared four Luzon provinces a disaster area.", "when did aquino get this political title?", "25 February 1986", "was she active in charitable initiatives?", "Yes, she was chairperson of the Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. Foundation", "has she been honoured?", "She became the first woman named to the Board of Governors of the Board of the Asian Institute of Management, a leading graduate business school and think tank in the Asia Pacific region.", "what is the world ranking of the institute you just mentioned?", "1079th", "who established it?", "1968", "who established it?", "UNANSWERABLE", "do they have a business school?", "Yes, the Washington SyCip Graduate School of Business", "how is the institute and harvard connected?", "Their instruction is based primarily on the case method developed at Harvard Business School.", "what are some of the programs at harvard?", "Advanced Management Program (AMP), Owner/President Management Program (OPM), Harvard Business School Online (HBS Online), Summer Venture in Management Program (SVMP).", "can you tell me something about their student life?", "HBS students can join more than 80 different clubs and student organizations on campus", "do they have a publishing house?", "Yes, Harvard Business Publishing", "what do they publish?", "business books, leadership articles, case studies, and the monthly \"Harvard Business Review\".", "when did the business review that you just mentioned began?", "1922" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:14562899", "title": "Harvard Business Review [SEP] Redesign", "text": "In 2009, \"HBR\" brought on Adi Ignatius, the former deputy managing editor of \"Time\" magazine, to be its editor-in-chief. Ignatius oversees all editorial operations for Harvard Business Review Group. At the time that Ignatius was hired, the U.S. was going through an economic recession, but \"HBR\" was not covering the topic. \"The world was desperate for new approaches. Business-as-usual was not a credible response,\" Ignatius has recalled. During this period the frequency of \"HBR\" switched from ten times per year to six times per year. As a result, Ignatius realigned \"HBR\"'s focus and goals to make sure that it \"delivers information in the zeitgeist that our readers are living in.\" \"HBR\" continues to emphasize research-based, academic pieces that would help readers improve their companies and further their careers, but it broadened its audience and improved reach and impact by including more contemporary topics." }

[ "what is typhoon nina?", "The most intense typhoon to strike the Philippines.", "which places did it impacted?", "Philippines", "what was its after-effect?", "Due to the damage wrought by Nina, President Corazon Aquino declared four Luzon provinces a disaster area.", "when did aquino get this political title?", "25 February 1986", "was she active in charitable initiatives?", "Yes, she was chairperson of the Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. Foundation", "has she been honoured?", "She became the first woman named to the Board of Governors of the Board of the Asian Institute of Management, a leading graduate business school and think tank in the Asia Pacific region.", "what is the world ranking of the institute you just mentioned?", "1079th", "who established it?", "1968", "who established it?", "UNANSWERABLE", "do they have a business school?", "Yes, the Washington SyCip Graduate School of Business", "how is the institute and harvard connected?", "Their instruction is based primarily on the case method developed at Harvard Business School.", "what are some of the programs at harvard?", "Advanced Management Program (AMP), Owner/President Management Program (OPM), Harvard Business School Online (HBS Online), Summer Venture in Management Program (SVMP).", "can you tell me something about their student life?", "HBS students can join more than 80 different clubs and student organizations on campus", "do they have a publishing house?", "Yes, Harvard Business Publishing", "what do they publish?", "business books, leadership articles, case studies, and the monthly \"Harvard Business Review\".", "when did the business review that you just mentioned began?", "1922", "was it redesigned?", "UNANSWERABLE" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:14562895", "title": "Harvard Business Review [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Harvard Business Review (HBR) is a general management magazine published by Harvard Business Publishing, a wholly owned subsidiary of Harvard University. \"HBR\" is published six times a year and is headquartered in Brighton, Massachusetts. \"HBR\" covers a wide range of topics that are relevant to various industries, management functions, and geographic locations. These include leadership, negotiation, strategy, operations, marketing, and finance. \"Harvard Business Review\" has published articles by Clayton Christensen, Peter F. Drucker, Michael E. Porter, Rosabeth Moss Kanter, John Hagel III, Thomas H. Davenport, Gary Hamel, C.K. Prahalad, Vijay Govindarajan, Robert S. Kaplan, Rita Gunther McGrath and others. Several management concepts and business terms were first given prominence in \"HBR\"." }

[]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:18404854", "title": "Giant otter [SEP] Introduction", "text": "The giant otter or giant river otter (\"Pteronura brasiliensis\") is a South American carnivorous mammal. It is the longest member of the weasel family, Mustelidae, a globally successful group of predators, reaching up to . Atypical of mustelids, the giant otter is a social species, with family groups typically supporting three to eight members. The groups are centered on a dominant breeding pair and are extremely cohesive and cooperative. Although generally peaceful, the species is territorial, and aggression has been observed between groups. The giant otter is diurnal, being active exclusively during daylight hours. It is the noisiest otter species, and distinct vocalizations have been documented that indicate alarm, aggression, and reassurance." }

[ "what is giant otter?", "It is a South American carnivorous mammal." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:18404857", "title": "Giant otter [SEP] Naming", "text": "The giant otter has a handful of other names. In Brazil it is known as \"ariranha\", from the Tupí word \"ari'raña\", meaning water jaguar (). In Spanish, river wolf () and water dog () are used occasionally (though the latter also refers to several different animals) and may have been more common in the reports of explorers in the 19th and early 20th centuries. All three names are in use in South America, with a number of regional variations. \"Giant otter\" translates literally as \"nutria gigante\" and \"lontra gigante\" in Spanish and Portuguese, respectively. Among the Achuar people, they are known as \"wankanim\", and among the Sanumá as \"hadami\"." }

[ "what is giant otter?", "It is a South American carnivorous mammal.", "where did it get the name from?", "Giant otter\" translates literally as \"nutria gigante\" .and \"lontra gigante\" in Spanish and Portuguese" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:18404854", "title": "Giant otter [SEP] Introduction", "text": "The giant otter or giant river otter (\"Pteronura brasiliensis\") is a South American carnivorous mammal. It is the longest member of the weasel family, Mustelidae, a globally successful group of predators, reaching up to . Atypical of mustelids, the giant otter is a social species, with family groups typically supporting three to eight members. The groups are centered on a dominant breeding pair and are extremely cohesive and cooperative. Although generally peaceful, the species is territorial, and aggression has been observed between groups. The giant otter is diurnal, being active exclusively during daylight hours. It is the noisiest otter species, and distinct vocalizations have been documented that indicate alarm, aggression, and reassurance." }

[ "what is giant otter?", "It is a South American carnivorous mammal.", "where did it get the name from?", "Giant otter\" translates literally as \"nutria gigante\" .and \"lontra gigante\" in Spanish and Portuguese", "which family does it belong to?", "Weasel family" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:18404884", "title": "Giant otter [SEP] Habitat", "text": "Other researchers suggest approximately and note a strong inverse correlation between sociality and home range size; the highly social giant otter has smaller home range sizes than would be expected for a species of its mass. Population densities varied with a high of reported in Suriname and with a low of found in Guyana." }

[ "what is giant otter?", "It is a South American carnivorous mammal.", "where did it get the name from?", "Giant otter\" translates literally as \"nutria gigante\" .and \"lontra gigante\" in Spanish and Portuguese", "which family does it belong to?", "Weasel family", "what sort of habitat does it select to live in?", "It seems to choose clear, black waters with rocky or sandy bottoms" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:18404888", "title": "Giant otter [SEP] Conservation status", "text": "The IUCN listed the giant otter as \"endangered\" in 1999; it had been considered \"vulnerable\" under all previous listings from 1982 when sufficient data had first become available. It is regulated internationally under Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES): all trade in specimens and parts is illegal." }

[ "what is giant otter?", "It is a South American carnivorous mammal.", "where did it get the name from?", "Giant otter\" translates literally as \"nutria gigante\" .and \"lontra gigante\" in Spanish and Portuguese", "which family does it belong to?", "Weasel family", "what sort of habitat does it select to live in?", "It seems to choose clear, black waters with rocky or sandy bottoms", "is there a need for it to be conserved?", "Yes, The IUCN listed the giant otter as \"endangered\"." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:18404889", "title": "Giant otter [SEP] Threats", "text": "The animal faces a variety of critical threats. Poaching has long been a problem. Statistics show between 1959 and 1969 Amazonian Brazil alone accounted for 1,000 to 3,000 pelts annually. The species was so thoroughly decimated, the number dropped to just 12 in 1971. The implementation of CITES in 1973 finally brought about significant hunting reductions, although demand did not disappear entirely: in the 1980s, pelt prices were as high as US$250 on the European market. The threat has been exacerbated by the otters' relative fearlessness and tendency to approach human beings. They are extremely easy to hunt, being active through the day and highly inquisitive." }

[ "what is giant otter?", "It is a South American carnivorous mammal.", "where did it get the name from?", "Giant otter\" translates literally as \"nutria gigante\" .and \"lontra gigante\" in Spanish and Portuguese", "which family does it belong to?", "Weasel family", "what sort of habitat does it select to live in?", "It seems to choose clear, black waters with rocky or sandy bottoms", "is there a need for it to be conserved?", "Yes, The IUCN listed the giant otter as \"endangered\".", "how did they become so?", "Poaching is one of the main reasons, others being habitat destruction and degradation" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:5360541", "title": "Poaching [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Poaching has been defined as the illegal hunting or capturing of wild animals, usually associated with land use rights. Poaching was once performed by impoverished peasants for subsistence purposes and a supplement for meager diets. It was set against the hunting privileges of nobility and territorial rulers. Since the 1980s, the term \"poaching\" has also been used to refer to the illegal harvesting of wild plant species. In agricultural terms, the term 'poaching' is also applied to the loss of soils or grass by the damaging action of feet of livestock which can affect availability of productive land, water pollution through increased runoff and welfare issues for cattle." }

[ "what is giant otter?", "It is a South American carnivorous mammal.", "where did it get the name from?", "Giant otter\" translates literally as \"nutria gigante\" .and \"lontra gigante\" in Spanish and Portuguese", "which family does it belong to?", "Weasel family", "what sort of habitat does it select to live in?", "It seems to choose clear, black waters with rocky or sandy bottoms", "is there a need for it to be conserved?", "Yes, The IUCN listed the giant otter as \"endangered\".", "how did they become so?", "Poaching is one of the main reasons, others being habitat destruction and degradation", "what does the first threat mean?", "Illegal hunting or capturing of wild animals" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:5360541", "title": "Poaching [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Poaching has been defined as the illegal hunting or capturing of wild animals, usually associated with land use rights. Poaching was once performed by impoverished peasants for subsistence purposes and a supplement for meager diets. It was set against the hunting privileges of nobility and territorial rulers. Since the 1980s, the term \"poaching\" has also been used to refer to the illegal harvesting of wild plant species. In agricultural terms, the term 'poaching' is also applied to the loss of soils or grass by the damaging action of feet of livestock which can affect availability of productive land, water pollution through increased runoff and welfare issues for cattle." }

[ "what is giant otter?", "It is a South American carnivorous mammal.", "where did it get the name from?", "Giant otter\" translates literally as \"nutria gigante\" .and \"lontra gigante\" in Spanish and Portuguese", "which family does it belong to?", "Weasel family", "what sort of habitat does it select to live in?", "It seems to choose clear, black waters with rocky or sandy bottoms", "is there a need for it to be conserved?", "Yes, The IUCN listed the giant otter as \"endangered\".", "how did they become so?", "Poaching is one of the main reasons, others being habitat destruction and degradation", "what does the first threat mean?", "Illegal hunting or capturing of wild animals", "are there any legal acts to protect these animals from it?", "UNANSWERABLE" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:5360559", "title": "Poaching [SEP] Motives", "text": "Armed conflict in Africa has been linked to intensified poaching and wildlife declines within protected areas, likely reflecting the disruption of traditional livelihoods, which causes people to seek alternative food sources. Results of an interview survey conducted in several villages in Tanzania indicate that one of the major reasons of poaching is for consumption and sale of bushmeat. Usually, bushmeat is considered a subset of poaching due to the hunting of animals regardless of the laws that conserve certain species of animals. Many families consume more bushmeat if there are no alternative sources of protein available such as fish. The further away the families were from the reserve, the less likely they were to illegally hunt wildlife for bushmeat." }

[ "what is giant otter?", "It is a South American carnivorous mammal.", "where did it get the name from?", "Giant otter\" translates literally as \"nutria gigante\" .and \"lontra gigante\" in Spanish and Portuguese", "which family does it belong to?", "Weasel family", "what sort of habitat does it select to live in?", "It seems to choose clear, black waters with rocky or sandy bottoms", "is there a need for it to be conserved?", "Yes, The IUCN listed the giant otter as \"endangered\".", "how did they become so?", "Poaching is one of the main reasons, others being habitat destruction and degradation", "what does the first threat mean?", "Illegal hunting or capturing of wild animals", "are there any legal acts to protect these animals from it?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what is the motive behind it?", "The key motives for poaching are poverty, is part of their personal or cultural history, earn money to support their families, thrill in it." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:5360558", "title": "Poaching [SEP] Motives", "text": "In African rural areas, the key motives for poaching are the lack of employment opportunities and a limited potential for agriculture and livestock production. Poor people rely on natural resources for their survival and generate cash income through the sale of bushmeat, which attracts high prices in urban centres. Body parts of wildlife are also in demand for traditional medicine and ceremonies. The existence of an international market for poached wildlife implies that well-organised gangs of professional poachers enter vulnerable areas to hunt, and crime syndicates organise the trafficking of wildlife body parts through a complex interlinking network to markets outside the respective countries of origin." }

[]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:1592523", "title": "Cat [SEP] Introduction", "text": "The cat (\"Felis catus\") is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal. It is the only domesticated species in the family Felidae and is often referred to as the domestic cat to distinguish it from the wild members of the family. A cat can either be a house cat, a farm cat or a feral cat; the latter ranges freely and avoids human contact. Domestic cats are valued by humans for companionship and their ability to hunt rodents. About 60 cat breeds are recognized by various cat registries. The cat is similar in anatomy to the other felid species: it has a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp teeth and retractable claws adapted to killing small prey." }

[ "where did the term cat call come from", "UNANSWERABLE" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:1592523", "title": "Cat [SEP] Introduction", "text": "The cat (\"Felis catus\") is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal. It is the only domesticated species in the family Felidae and is often referred to as the domestic cat to distinguish it from the wild members of the family. A cat can either be a house cat, a farm cat or a feral cat; the latter ranges freely and avoids human contact. Domestic cats are valued by humans for companionship and their ability to hunt rodents. About 60 cat breeds are recognized by various cat registries. The cat is similar in anatomy to the other felid species: it has a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp teeth and retractable claws adapted to killing small prey." }

[ "where did the term cat call come from", "UNANSWERABLE", "how big are they usually?", "UNANSWERABLE" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:1592523", "title": "Cat [SEP] Introduction", "text": "The cat (\"Felis catus\") is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal. It is the only domesticated species in the family Felidae and is often referred to as the domestic cat to distinguish it from the wild members of the family. A cat can either be a house cat, a farm cat or a feral cat; the latter ranges freely and avoids human contact. Domestic cats are valued by humans for companionship and their ability to hunt rodents. About 60 cat breeds are recognized by various cat registries. The cat is similar in anatomy to the other felid species: it has a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp teeth and retractable claws adapted to killing small prey." }

[ "where did the term cat call come from", "UNANSWERABLE", "how big are they usually?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what type of species are they?", "The cat is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:1592542", "title": "Cat [SEP] Vision", "text": "Cats have excellent night vision and can see at only one-sixth the light level required for human vision. This is partly the result of cat eyes having a tapetum lucidum, which reflects any light that passes through the retina back into the eye, thereby increasing the eye's sensitivity to dim light. Large pupils are an adaptation to dim light. The domestic cat has slit pupils, which allow it to focus bright light without chromatic aberration. At low light, a cat's pupils expand to cover most of the exposed surface of its eyes. However, the domestic cat has rather poor color vision and only two types of cone cells, optimized for sensitivity to blue and yellowish green; its ability to distinguish between red and green is limited." }

[ "where did the term cat call come from", "UNANSWERABLE", "how big are they usually?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what type of species are they?", "The cat is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal.", "how does their eyes work?", "The domestic cat has slit pupils, which allow it to focus bright light without chromatic aberration." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:1592542", "title": "Cat [SEP] Vision", "text": "Cats have excellent night vision and can see at only one-sixth the light level required for human vision. This is partly the result of cat eyes having a tapetum lucidum, which reflects any light that passes through the retina back into the eye, thereby increasing the eye's sensitivity to dim light. Large pupils are an adaptation to dim light. The domestic cat has slit pupils, which allow it to focus bright light without chromatic aberration. At low light, a cat's pupils expand to cover most of the exposed surface of its eyes. However, the domestic cat has rather poor color vision and only two types of cone cells, optimized for sensitivity to blue and yellowish green; its ability to distinguish between red and green is limited." }

[ "where did the term cat call come from", "UNANSWERABLE", "how big are they usually?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what type of species are they?", "The cat is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal.", "how does their eyes work?", "The domestic cat has slit pupils, which allow it to focus bright light without chromatic aberration.", "can they see in the dark?", "Cats have excellent night vision." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:13563359", "title": "Night vision [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Night vision is the ability to see in low-light conditions. Whether by biological or technological means, night vision is made possible by a combination of two approaches: sufficient spectral range, and sufficient intensity range. Humans have poor night vision compared to many animals, in part because the human eye lacks a tapetum lucidum." }

[ "where did the term cat call come from", "UNANSWERABLE", "how big are they usually?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what type of species are they?", "The cat is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal.", "how does their eyes work?", "The domestic cat has slit pupils, which allow it to focus bright light without chromatic aberration.", "can they see in the dark?", "Cats have excellent night vision.", "what is this mentioned vision about?", "Night vision is the ability to see in low-light conditions." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:13563365", "title": "Night vision [SEP] Night vision technologies", "text": "Night vision technologies can be broadly divided into three main categories: image intensification, active illumination, and thermal imaging." }

[ "where did the term cat call come from", "UNANSWERABLE", "how big are they usually?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what type of species are they?", "The cat is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal.", "how does their eyes work?", "The domestic cat has slit pupils, which allow it to focus bright light without chromatic aberration.", "can they see in the dark?", "Cats have excellent night vision.", "what is this mentioned vision about?", "Night vision is the ability to see in low-light conditions.", "what technologies can be used to achieve this?", "Image intensification, active illumination, and thermal imaging." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:12093240", "title": "Night-vision device [SEP] Introduction", "text": "A night-vision device (NVD), also known as night optical/observation device (NOD) and night-vision goggles (NVG), is an optoelectronic device that allows images to be produced in levels of light approaching total darkness. The image may be a conversion to visible light of both visible light and near-infrared, while by convention detection of thermal infrared is denoted thermal imaging. The image produced is typically monochrome, e.g. shades of green. NVDs are most often used by the military and law enforcement agencies, but are available to civilian users. The term usually refers to a complete unit, including an image intensifier tube, a protective and generally water-resistant housing, and some type of mounting system." }

[ "where did the term cat call come from", "UNANSWERABLE", "how big are they usually?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what type of species are they?", "The cat is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal.", "how does their eyes work?", "The domestic cat has slit pupils, which allow it to focus bright light without chromatic aberration.", "can they see in the dark?", "Cats have excellent night vision.", "what is this mentioned vision about?", "Night vision is the ability to see in low-light conditions.", "what technologies can be used to achieve this?", "Image intensification, active illumination, and thermal imaging.", "what are the few devices related to this technology?", "Night optical/observation device and night-vision goggles." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:12093240", "title": "Night-vision device [SEP] Introduction", "text": "A night-vision device (NVD), also known as night optical/observation device (NOD) and night-vision goggles (NVG), is an optoelectronic device that allows images to be produced in levels of light approaching total darkness. The image may be a conversion to visible light of both visible light and near-infrared, while by convention detection of thermal infrared is denoted thermal imaging. The image produced is typically monochrome, e.g. shades of green. NVDs are most often used by the military and law enforcement agencies, but are available to civilian users. The term usually refers to a complete unit, including an image intensifier tube, a protective and generally water-resistant housing, and some type of mounting system." }

[ "where did the term cat call come from", "UNANSWERABLE", "how big are they usually?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what type of species are they?", "The cat is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal.", "how does their eyes work?", "The domestic cat has slit pupils, which allow it to focus bright light without chromatic aberration.", "can they see in the dark?", "Cats have excellent night vision.", "what is this mentioned vision about?", "Night vision is the ability to see in low-light conditions.", "what technologies can be used to achieve this?", "Image intensification, active illumination, and thermal imaging.", "what are the few devices related to this technology?", "Night optical/observation device and night-vision goggles.", "does it have any military application?", "They are used by the military and law enforcement agencies." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:12093242", "title": "Night-vision device [SEP] History", "text": "A retrospective classification of NVDs into \"generations\" was initially introduced by US manufacturers, through the US government. Under this periodization, the period prior to the end of World War II has sometimes been described as \"Generation 0\". In 1929, Hungarian physicist Kálmán Tihanyi invented an infrared-sensitive electronic television camera for anti-aircraft defense in the UK. The first military night-vision devices were introduced by the German Army as early as 1939 and were used in World War II. AEG started developing the first devices in 1935. In mid-1943, the German Army began the first tests with infrared night-vision () devices and telescopic rangefinders mounted on Panther tanks." }

[ "where did the term cat call come from", "UNANSWERABLE", "how big are they usually?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what type of species are they?", "The cat is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal.", "how does their eyes work?", "The domestic cat has slit pupils, which allow it to focus bright light without chromatic aberration.", "can they see in the dark?", "Cats have excellent night vision.", "what is this mentioned vision about?", "Night vision is the ability to see in low-light conditions.", "what technologies can be used to achieve this?", "Image intensification, active illumination, and thermal imaging.", "what are the few devices related to this technology?", "Night optical/observation device and night-vision goggles.", "does it have any military application?", "They are used by the military and law enforcement agencies.", "when was it developed?", "1929" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:12093242", "title": "Night-vision device [SEP] History", "text": "A retrospective classification of NVDs into \"generations\" was initially introduced by US manufacturers, through the US government. Under this periodization, the period prior to the end of World War II has sometimes been described as \"Generation 0\". In 1929, Hungarian physicist Kálmán Tihanyi invented an infrared-sensitive electronic television camera for anti-aircraft defense in the UK. The first military night-vision devices were introduced by the German Army as early as 1939 and were used in World War II. AEG started developing the first devices in 1935. In mid-1943, the German Army began the first tests with infrared night-vision () devices and telescopic rangefinders mounted on Panther tanks." }

[]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:25673302", "title": "Potassium [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Potassium is a chemical element with the symbol K (from Neo-Latin \"kalium\") and atomic number19. Potassium is a silvery-white metal that is soft enough to be cut with a knife with little force. Potassium metal reacts rapidly with atmospheric oxygen to form flaky white potassium peroxide in only seconds of exposure. It was first isolated from potash, the ashes of plants, from which its name derives. In the periodic table, potassium is one of the alkali metals, all of which have a single valence electron in the outer electron shell, that is easily removed to create an ion with a positive charge – a cation, that combines with anions to form salts." }

[ "what group of the periodic table is potassium in", "Alkali metals" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:1630691", "title": "Alkali metal [SEP] Introduction", "text": "The alkali metals consist of the chemical elements lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). Together with hydrogen they constitute group 1, which lies in the s-block of the periodic table. All alkali metals have their outermost electron in an s-orbital: this shared electron configuration results in their having very similar characteristic properties. Indeed, the alkali metals provide the best example of group trends in properties in the periodic table, with elements exhibiting well-characterised homologous behaviour. This family of elements is also known as the lithium family after its leading element. The alkali metals are all shiny, soft, highly reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure and readily lose their outermost electron to form cations with charge +1." }

[ "what group of the periodic table is potassium in", "Alkali metals", "what is this metal?", "They are all shiny, soft, highly reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure and readily lose their outermost electron to form cations with charge +1" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:1630704", "title": "Alkali metal [SEP] On Earth", "text": "The alkali metals, due to their high reactivity, do not occur naturally in pure form in nature. They are lithophiles and therefore remain close to the Earth's surface because they combine readily with oxygen and so associate strongly with silica, forming relatively low-density minerals that do not sink down into the Earth's core. Potassium, rubidium and caesium are also incompatible elements due to their large ionic radii. Sodium and potassium are very abundant in earth, both being among the ten most common elements in Earth's crust; sodium makes up approximately 2.6% of the Earth's crust measured by weight, making it the sixth most abundant element overall and the most abundant alkali metal." }

[ "what group of the periodic table is potassium in", "Alkali metals", "what is this metal?", "They are all shiny, soft, highly reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure and readily lose their outermost electron to form cations with charge +1", "what is it on the planet earth?", "The alkali metals, due to their high reactivity, do not occur naturally in pure form in nature" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:1630732", "title": "Alkali metal [SEP] Compounds", "text": "The alkali metals form complete series of compounds with all usually encountered anions, which well illustrate group trends. These compounds can be described as involving the alkali metals losing electrons to acceptor species and forming monopositive ions. This description is most accurate for alkali halides and becomes less and less accurate as cationic and anionic charge increase, and as the anion becomes larger and more polarisable. For instance, ionic bonding gives way to metallic bonding along the series NaCl, NaO, NaS, NaP, NaAs, NaSb, NaBi, Na." }

[ "what group of the periodic table is potassium in", "Alkali metals", "what is this metal?", "They are all shiny, soft, highly reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure and readily lose their outermost electron to form cations with charge +1", "what is it on the planet earth?", "The alkali metals, due to their high reactivity, do not occur naturally in pure form in nature", "what is its compound?", "NaCl, NaO, NaS, NaP, NaAs, NaSb, NaBi" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:1630801", "title": "Alkali metal [SEP] Applications", "text": "Lithium, sodium, and potassium have many applications, while rubidium and caesium are very useful in academic contexts but do not have many applications yet. Lithium is often used in lithium-ion batteries, and lithium oxide can help process silica. Lithium stearate is a thickener and can be used to make lubricating greases; it is produced from lithium hydroxide, which is also used to absorb carbon dioxide in space capsules and submarines. Lithium chloride is used as a brazing alloy for aluminium parts. Metallic lithium is used in alloys with magnesium and aluminium to give very tough and light alloys. Sodium compounds have many applications, the most well-known being sodium chloride as table salt." }

[ "what group of the periodic table is potassium in", "Alkali metals", "what is this metal?", "They are all shiny, soft, highly reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure and readily lose their outermost electron to form cations with charge +1", "what is it on the planet earth?", "The alkali metals, due to their high reactivity, do not occur naturally in pure form in nature", "what is its compound?", "NaCl, NaO, NaS, NaP, NaAs, NaSb, NaBi", "where is it applied?", "Lithium is often used in lithium-ion batteries, and lithium oxide can help process silica" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:16072575", "title": "Lithium oxide [SEP] Production", "text": "Lithium oxide is produced by thermal decomposition of lithium peroxide at 300-400°C. Lithium oxide forms along with small amounts of lithium peroxide when lithium metal is burned in the air and combines with oxygen: Pure can be produced by the thermal decomposition of lithium peroxide, , at 450 °C" }

[ "what group of the periodic table is potassium in", "Alkali metals", "what is this metal?", "They are all shiny, soft, highly reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure and readily lose their outermost electron to form cations with charge +1", "what is it on the planet earth?", "The alkali metals, due to their high reactivity, do not occur naturally in pure form in nature", "what is its compound?", "NaCl, NaO, NaS, NaP, NaAs, NaSb, NaBi", "where is it applied?", "Lithium is often used in lithium-ion batteries, and lithium oxide can help process silica", "how is this metal produced and isolated?", "It is produced by thermal decomposition of lithium peroxide at 300-400°C" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:1630782", "title": "Alkali metal [SEP] Ammonium and derivatives", "text": "The ammonium ion () has very similar properties to the heavier alkali metals, acting as an alkali metal intermediate between potassium and rubidium, and is often considered a close relative. For example, most alkali metal salts are soluble in water, a property which ammonium salts share. Ammonium is expected to behave stably as a metal ( ions in a sea of delocalised electrons) at very high pressures (though less than the typical pressure where transitions from insulating to metallic behaviour occur around, 100 GPa), and could possibly occur inside the ice giants Uranus and Neptune, which may have significant impacts on their interior magnetic fields." }

[ "what group of the periodic table is potassium in", "Alkali metals", "what is this metal?", "They are all shiny, soft, highly reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure and readily lose their outermost electron to form cations with charge +1", "what is it on the planet earth?", "The alkali metals, due to their high reactivity, do not occur naturally in pure form in nature", "what is its compound?", "NaCl, NaO, NaS, NaP, NaAs, NaSb, NaBi", "where is it applied?", "Lithium is often used in lithium-ion batteries, and lithium oxide can help process silica", "how is this metal produced and isolated?", "It is produced by thermal decomposition of lithium peroxide at 300-400°C", "what are the derivatives and ammonium?", "The ammonium ion has very similar properties to the heavier alkali metals, acting as an alkali metal intermediate between potassium and rubidium, and is often considered a close relative" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:13421205", "title": "Ammonium [SEP] Introduction", "text": "The ammonium cation is a positively charged polyatomic ion with the chemical formula . It is formed by the protonation of ammonia (NH). Ammonium is also a general name for positively charged or protonated substituted amines and quaternary ammonium cations (), where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic groups (indicated by R)." }

[ "what group of the periodic table is potassium in", "Alkali metals", "what is this metal?", "They are all shiny, soft, highly reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure and readily lose their outermost electron to form cations with charge +1", "what is it on the planet earth?", "The alkali metals, due to their high reactivity, do not occur naturally in pure form in nature", "what is its compound?", "NaCl, NaO, NaS, NaP, NaAs, NaSb, NaBi", "where is it applied?", "Lithium is often used in lithium-ion batteries, and lithium oxide can help process silica", "how is this metal produced and isolated?", "It is produced by thermal decomposition of lithium peroxide at 300-400°C", "what are the derivatives and ammonium?", "The ammonium ion has very similar properties to the heavier alkali metals, acting as an alkali metal intermediate between potassium and rubidium, and is often considered a close relative", "what is this above mentioned ion?", "It is a positively charged polyatomic ion with the chemical formula" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:13421206", "title": "Ammonium [SEP] Acid–base properties", "text": "The ammonium ion is generated when ammonia, a weak base, reacts with Brønsted acids (proton donors): The ammonium ion is mildly acidic, reacting with Brønsted bases to return to the uncharged ammonia molecule: Thus, treatment of concentrated solutions of ammonium salts with strong base gives ammonia. When ammonia is dissolved in water, a tiny amount of it converts to ammonium ions: The degree to which ammonia forms the ammonium ion depends on the pH of the solution. If the pH is low, the equilibrium shifts to the right: more ammonia molecules are converted into ammonium ions. If the pH is high (the concentration of hydrogen ions is low), the equilibrium shifts to the left: the hydroxide ion abstracts a proton from the ammonium ion, generating ammonia." }

[ "what group of the periodic table is potassium in", "Alkali metals", "what is this metal?", "They are all shiny, soft, highly reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure and readily lose their outermost electron to form cations with charge +1", "what is it on the planet earth?", "The alkali metals, due to their high reactivity, do not occur naturally in pure form in nature", "what is its compound?", "NaCl, NaO, NaS, NaP, NaAs, NaSb, NaBi", "where is it applied?", "Lithium is often used in lithium-ion batteries, and lithium oxide can help process silica", "how is this metal produced and isolated?", "It is produced by thermal decomposition of lithium peroxide at 300-400°C", "what are the derivatives and ammonium?", "The ammonium ion has very similar properties to the heavier alkali metals, acting as an alkali metal intermediate between potassium and rubidium, and is often considered a close relative", "what is this above mentioned ion?", "It is a positively charged polyatomic ion with the chemical formula", "what are its properties based on acid?", "It is mildly acidic, reacting with Brønsted bases to return to the uncharged ammonia molecule" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:13421213", "title": "Ammonium [SEP] Biology", "text": "Ammonium ions are a waste product of the metabolism of animals. In fish and aquatic invertebrates, it is excreted directly into the water. In mammals, sharks, and amphibians, it is converted in the urea cycle to urea, because urea is less toxic and can be stored more efficiently. In birds, reptiles, and terrestrial snails, metabolic ammonium is converted into uric acid, which is solid and can therefore be excreted with minimal water loss. Ammonium is an important source of nitrogen for many plant species, especially those growing on hypoxic soils. However, it is also toxic to most crop species and is rarely applied as a sole nitrogen source." }

[ "what group of the periodic table is potassium in", "Alkali metals", "what is this metal?", "They are all shiny, soft, highly reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure and readily lose their outermost electron to form cations with charge +1", "what is it on the planet earth?", "The alkali metals, due to their high reactivity, do not occur naturally in pure form in nature", "what is its compound?", "NaCl, NaO, NaS, NaP, NaAs, NaSb, NaBi", "where is it applied?", "Lithium is often used in lithium-ion batteries, and lithium oxide can help process silica", "how is this metal produced and isolated?", "It is produced by thermal decomposition of lithium peroxide at 300-400°C", "what are the derivatives and ammonium?", "The ammonium ion has very similar properties to the heavier alkali metals, acting as an alkali metal intermediate between potassium and rubidium, and is often considered a close relative", "what is this above mentioned ion?", "It is a positively charged polyatomic ion with the chemical formula", "what are its properties based on acid?", "It is mildly acidic, reacting with Brønsted bases to return to the uncharged ammonia molecule", "what is the biological trend behind this?", "They are a waste product of the metabolism of animals" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:13421213", "title": "Ammonium [SEP] Biology", "text": "Ammonium ions are a waste product of the metabolism of animals. In fish and aquatic invertebrates, it is excreted directly into the water. In mammals, sharks, and amphibians, it is converted in the urea cycle to urea, because urea is less toxic and can be stored more efficiently. In birds, reptiles, and terrestrial snails, metabolic ammonium is converted into uric acid, which is solid and can therefore be excreted with minimal water loss. Ammonium is an important source of nitrogen for many plant species, especially those growing on hypoxic soils. However, it is also toxic to most crop species and is rarely applied as a sole nitrogen source." }

[ "what group of the periodic table is potassium in", "Alkali metals", "what is this metal?", "They are all shiny, soft, highly reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure and readily lose their outermost electron to form cations with charge +1", "what is it on the planet earth?", "The alkali metals, due to their high reactivity, do not occur naturally in pure form in nature", "what is its compound?", "NaCl, NaO, NaS, NaP, NaAs, NaSb, NaBi", "where is it applied?", "Lithium is often used in lithium-ion batteries, and lithium oxide can help process silica", "how is this metal produced and isolated?", "It is produced by thermal decomposition of lithium peroxide at 300-400°C", "what are the derivatives and ammonium?", "The ammonium ion has very similar properties to the heavier alkali metals, acting as an alkali metal intermediate between potassium and rubidium, and is often considered a close relative", "what is this above mentioned ion?", "It is a positively charged polyatomic ion with the chemical formula", "what are its properties based on acid?", "It is mildly acidic, reacting with Brønsted bases to return to the uncharged ammonia molecule", "what is the biological trend behind this?", "They are a waste product of the metabolism of animals", "metabolism of which animals?", "Mammals, sharks, and amphibians" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:11630856", "title": "Shark [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Sharks are a group of elasmobranch fish characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton, five to seven gill slits on the sides of the head, and pectoral fins that are not fused to the head. Modern sharks are classified within the clade Selachimorpha (or Selachii) and are the sister group to the rays. However, the term \"shark\" has also been used for extinct members of the subclass Elasmobranchii outside the Selachimorpha, such as \"Cladoselache\" and \"Xenacanthus\", as well as other Chondrichthyes such as the holocephalid eugenedontidans. Under this broader definition, the earliest known sharks date back to more than 420 million years ago." }

[]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:19599409", "title": "Venus [SEP] In culture", "text": "Venus is a primary feature of the night sky, and so has been of remarkable importance in mythology, astrology and fiction throughout history and in different cultures. In Sumerian religion, Inanna was associated with the planet Venus. Several hymns praise Inanna in her role as the goddess of the planet Venus. Theology professor Jeffrey Cooley has argued that, in many myths, Inanna's movements may correspond with the movements of the planet Venus in the sky. The discontinuous movements of Venus relate to both mythology as well as Inanna's dual nature. In \"Inanna's Descent to the Underworld\", unlike any other deity, Inanna is able to descend into the netherworld and return to the heavens." }

[ "how is venus depicted in culture?", "In Sumerian religion, Inanna was associated with the planet Venus." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24636017", "title": "Sumerian religion [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Sumerian religion was the religion practiced and adhered to by the people of Sumer, the first literate civilization of ancient Mesopotamia. The Sumerians regarded their divinities as responsible for all matters pertaining to the natural and social orders. Before the beginning of kingship in Sumer, the city-states were effectively ruled by theocratic priests and religious officials. Later, this role was supplanted by kings, but priests continued to exert great influence on Sumerian society. In early times, Sumerian temples were simple, one-room structures, sometimes built on elevated platforms. Towards the end of Sumerian civilization, these temples developed into ziggurats—tall, pyramidal structures with sanctuaries at the tops." }

[ "how is venus depicted in culture?", "In Sumerian religion, Inanna was associated with the planet Venus.", "in which areas was this religion practiced?", "Sumer, first literate civilization of ancient Mesopotamia." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24636017", "title": "Sumerian religion [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Sumerian religion was the religion practiced and adhered to by the people of Sumer, the first literate civilization of ancient Mesopotamia. The Sumerians regarded their divinities as responsible for all matters pertaining to the natural and social orders. Before the beginning of kingship in Sumer, the city-states were effectively ruled by theocratic priests and religious officials. Later, this role was supplanted by kings, but priests continued to exert great influence on Sumerian society. In early times, Sumerian temples were simple, one-room structures, sometimes built on elevated platforms. Towards the end of Sumerian civilization, these temples developed into ziggurats—tall, pyramidal structures with sanctuaries at the tops." }

[ "how is venus depicted in culture?", "In Sumerian religion, Inanna was associated with the planet Venus.", "in which areas was this religion practiced?", "Sumer, first literate civilization of ancient Mesopotamia.", "what are the origins of this religion's name?", "UNANSWERABLE" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:24636036", "title": "Sumerian religion [SEP] Major deities", "text": "Ninurta was the son of Enlil and Ninlil. He was worshipped as the god of war, agriculture, and one of the Sumerian wind gods. He was the patron deity of Girsu and one of the patron deities of Lagash. Enki was god of freshwater, male fertility, and knowledge. His most important cult center was the E-abzu temple in the city of Eridu. He was the patron and creator of humanity and the sponsor of human culture. His primary consort was Ninhursag, the Sumerian goddess of the earth. Ninhursag was worshipped in the cities of Kesh and Adab." }

[ "how is venus depicted in culture?", "In Sumerian religion, Inanna was associated with the planet Venus.", "in which areas was this religion practiced?", "Sumer, first literate civilization of ancient Mesopotamia.", "what are the origins of this religion's name?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what were their major religious deities?", "Enil, Enki, etc." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:7676260", "title": "Enki [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Enki (; Sumerian: ) is the Sumerian god of water, knowledge (\"gestú\"), mischief, crafts (\"gašam\"), and creation (\"nudimmud\"), and one of the Anunnaki. He was later known as Ea in Akkadian and Babylonian mythology. He was originally patron god of the city of Eridu, but later the influence of his cult spread throughout Mesopotamia and to the Canaanites, Hittites and Hurrians. He was associated with the southern band of constellations called \"stars of Ea\", but also with the constellation AŠ-IKU, \"the Field\" (Square of Pegasus). Beginning around the second millennium BCE, he was sometimes referred to in writing by the numeric ideogram for \"40\", occasionally referred to as his \"sacred number\"." }

[ "how is venus depicted in culture?", "In Sumerian religion, Inanna was associated with the planet Venus.", "in which areas was this religion practiced?", "Sumer, first literate civilization of ancient Mesopotamia.", "what are the origins of this religion's name?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what were their major religious deities?", "Enil, Enki, etc.", "which aspect of life the second deity is associated with?", "Water and creation." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:19666219", "title": "Water [SEP] States", "text": "Along with \"oxidane\", \"water\" is one of the two official names for the chemical compound ; it is also the liquid phase of . The other two common states of matter of water are the solid phase, ice, and the gaseous phase, water vapor or steam. The addition or removal of heat can cause phase transitions: freezing (water to ice), melting (ice to water), vaporization (water to vapor), condensation (vapor to water), sublimation (ice to vapor) and deposition (vapor to ice)." }

[ "how is venus depicted in culture?", "In Sumerian religion, Inanna was associated with the planet Venus.", "in which areas was this religion practiced?", "Sumer, first literate civilization of ancient Mesopotamia.", "what are the origins of this religion's name?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what were their major religious deities?", "Enil, Enki, etc.", "which aspect of life the second deity is associated with?", "Water and creation.", "what are the states of the first one?", "Ice, and water vapor or steam." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:7757463", "title": "Ice [SEP] Recreation and sports", "text": "Ice also plays a central role in winter recreation and in many sports such as ice skating, tour skating, ice hockey, bandy, ice fishing, ice climbing, curling, broomball and sled racing on bobsled, luge and skeleton. Many of the different sports played on ice get international attention every four years during the Winter Olympic Games. A sort of sailboat on blades gives rise to ice yachting. Another sport is ice racing, where drivers must speed on lake ice, while also controlling the skid of their vehicle (similar in some ways to dirt track racing). The sport has even been modified for ice rinks." }

[ "how is venus depicted in culture?", "In Sumerian religion, Inanna was associated with the planet Venus.", "in which areas was this religion practiced?", "Sumer, first literate civilization of ancient Mesopotamia.", "what are the origins of this religion's name?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what were their major religious deities?", "Enil, Enki, etc.", "which aspect of life the second deity is associated with?", "Water and creation.", "what are the states of the first one?", "Ice, and water vapor or steam.", "which recreational sports are associated with the first one?", "Ice skating, tour skating, ice hockey, etc." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:7705710", "title": "Ice skating [SEP] Inherent safety risks", "text": "Death can result from shock, hypothermia or drowning. It is often difficult or impossible for the skater to climb out of the water, due to the weight of their ice skates and thick winter clothing, and the ice repeatedly breaking as they struggle to get back onto the surface. Also, if the skater becomes disoriented under the water, they might not be able to find the hole in the ice through which they have fallen. Although this can prove fatal, it is also possible for the rapid cooling to produce a condition in which a person can be revived up to hours after falling into the water." }

[ "how is venus depicted in culture?", "In Sumerian religion, Inanna was associated with the planet Venus.", "in which areas was this religion practiced?", "Sumer, first literate civilization of ancient Mesopotamia.", "what are the origins of this religion's name?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what were their major religious deities?", "Enil, Enki, etc.", "which aspect of life the second deity is associated with?", "Water and creation.", "what are the states of the first one?", "Ice, and water vapor or steam.", "which recreational sports are associated with the first one?", "Ice skating, tour skating, ice hockey, etc.", "which are the safety risks associated with the first sport?", "Falling through the ice into the freezing water underneath. Death can result from shock, hypothermia or drowning." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:1146821", "title": "Hypothermia [SEP] Signs and symptoms", "text": "Signs and symptoms vary depending on the degree of hypothermia, and may be divided by the three stages of severity. Infants with hypothermia may feel cold when touched, with bright red skin and an unusual lack of energy." }

[ "how is venus depicted in culture?", "In Sumerian religion, Inanna was associated with the planet Venus.", "in which areas was this religion practiced?", "Sumer, first literate civilization of ancient Mesopotamia.", "what are the origins of this religion's name?", "UNANSWERABLE", "what were their major religious deities?", "Enil, Enki, etc.", "which aspect of life the second deity is associated with?", "Water and creation.", "what are the states of the first one?", "Ice, and water vapor or steam.", "which recreational sports are associated with the first one?", "Ice skating, tour skating, ice hockey, etc.", "which are the safety risks associated with the first sport?", "Falling through the ice into the freezing water underneath. Death can result from shock, hypothermia or drowning.", "what are the symptoms of the second cause of the death mentioned above?", "May feel cold when touched, with bright red skin and an unusual lack of energy." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:1146855", "title": "Hypothermia [SEP] Other animals", "text": "Many animals other than humans often induce hypothermia during hibernation or torpor. Water bears (Tardigrade), microscopic multicellular organisms, can survive freezing at low temperatures by replacing most of their internal water with the sugar trehalose, preventing the crystallization that otherwise damages cell membranes." }

[]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:13206298", "title": "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 [SEP] Plot", "text": "He teaches Quill to manipulate the Celestial power. Nebula arrives at Ego's planet and tries to kill Gamora, but the pair reach an uneasy alliance when they discover a cavern filled with skeletal remains. Ego reveals to Quill that in his travels, he planted seedlings on thousands of worlds that can terraform into new extensions of himself, but they can only be activated by the power of two Celestials. To that end, he impregnated countless women and hired Yondu to collect the children, but killed them all when they failed to access the Celestial power. Under Ego's influence, Quill helps him activate the seedlings, which begin to consume every world, but Quill fights back when Ego reveals that he gave Meredith the tumor that killed her due to the distraction she posed." }

[ "who dies in garden of the galaxy 2", "Meredith Quill" ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:13206291", "title": "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 is a 2017 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team Guardians of the Galaxy, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to \"Guardians of the Galaxy\" (2014) and the 15th film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). Written and directed by James Gunn, the film stars an ensemble cast featuring Chris Pratt, Zoe Saldana, Dave Bautista, Vin Diesel, Bradley Cooper, Michael Rooker, Karen Gillan, Pom Klementieff, Elizabeth Debicki, Chris Sullivan, Sean Gunn, Sylvester Stallone, and Kurt Russell. In \"Guardians of the Galaxy Vol." }

[ "who dies in garden of the galaxy 2", "Meredith Quill", "what is it's genre?", "It is an American superhero film." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:13206298", "title": "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 [SEP] Plot", "text": "He teaches Quill to manipulate the Celestial power. Nebula arrives at Ego's planet and tries to kill Gamora, but the pair reach an uneasy alliance when they discover a cavern filled with skeletal remains. Ego reveals to Quill that in his travels, he planted seedlings on thousands of worlds that can terraform into new extensions of himself, but they can only be activated by the power of two Celestials. To that end, he impregnated countless women and hired Yondu to collect the children, but killed them all when they failed to access the Celestial power. Under Ego's influence, Quill helps him activate the seedlings, which begin to consume every world, but Quill fights back when Ego reveals that he gave Meredith the tumor that killed her due to the distraction she posed." }

[ "who dies in garden of the galaxy 2", "Meredith Quill", "what is it's genre?", "It is an American superhero film.", "what is the story about?", "It follows the personal and galactic journeys of Peter Quill, Gamora, Drax Rocket and others, carrying forward their stories from the prequel \"Guardians of the Galaxy\", ending in a revelation of the circumstances causing Meredith's death." ]

{ "Answer": [], "Topic": [], "Topic_section": [], "Rationale": [] }

{ "id": "wiki:13206291", "title": "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 [SEP] Introduction", "text": "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 is a 2017 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team Guardians of the Galaxy, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to \"Guardians of the Galaxy\" (2014) and the 15th film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). Written and directed by James Gunn, the film stars an ensemble cast featuring Chris Pratt, Zoe Saldana, Dave Bautista, Vin Diesel, Bradley Cooper, Michael Rooker, Karen Gillan, Pom Klementieff, Elizabeth Debicki, Chris Sullivan, Sean Gunn, Sylvester Stallone, and Kurt Russell. In \"Guardians of the Galaxy Vol." }