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Read_ComprehensionQA

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As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] The Muffin Man"The Muffin Man" is a traditional nursery rhyme or children\'s song of English origin. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 7922. [PAR] Lyrics [PAR] The most widely known lyrics are as follows: [PAR] Do [or "Oh, do"] you know the muffin man, [PAR] The muffin man, the muffin man, [PAR] Do you know the muffin man, [PAR] Who lives in Drury Lane? [PAR] Yes [or "Oh, yes"], I know the muffin man, [PAR] The muffin man, the muffin man, [PAR] Yes, I know the muffin man, [PAR] Who lives in Drury Lane.I. Opie and P. Opie, The Singing Game (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985), pp. 379-82. [PAR] Origins and meaning [PAR] The rhyme was first recorded in a British manuscript circa 1820, that is preserved in the Bodleian Library with lyrics very similar to those used today: [PAR] Do you know the muffin man? [PAR] The muffin man, the muffin man. [PAR] Do you know the muffin man [PAR] Who lives in Drury Lane? [PAR] Victorian households had many of their fresh foods delivered, such as muffins, which were delivered door-to-door by a muffin man. The "muffin" in question was the bread product known in the United States as English muffins, not the much sweeter cupcake-shaped American variety. Drury Lane is a thoroughfare bordering Covent Garden in London. [PAR] The rhyme and game appear to have spread to other countries in the mid-nineteenth century, particularly the US and the Netherlands. As with many traditional songs, there are regional variations in wording. Another popular version substitutes "Dorset Lane" for Drury Lane. [PAR] In Volume 5 of his contemporary account of the London Prize Ring, Boxiana, published in 1829, Pierce Egan writes of an attempted fix (or "cross") of a match scheduled for October 18, 1825, between Reuben Marten and Jonathan Bissel ("Young Gas"). Young Gas refused to take the bribe and one week later identified the person who offered him £200 to throw the fight as a "Mr. Smith, a muffin-baker in Gray\'s Inn Lane." Young Gas also identified the "gentlemen" who employed the muffin-baker to act as go between, but those gentlemen denied involvement claiming they did not have "the slightest knowledge of the muffin-man." [PAR] Game [PAR] Iona and Peter Opie observed that, although the rhyme had remained fairly consistent, the game associated with it has changed at least three times including: as a forfeit game, a guessing game, and a dancing ring. [PAR] In The Young Lady\'s Book (1888), Matilda Anne Mackarness described the game as: [PAR] The first player turns to the one next her [sic], and to some sing-song tune exclaims: [PAR] "Do you know the muffin man? The muffin man, the muffin man. [PAR] Do you know the muffin man who lives in Drury Lane?" [PAR] The person addressed replies to the same tune: [PAR] "Yes, I know the muffin man. The muffin man, the muffin man. [PAR] Oh, yes, I know the muffin man, who lives in Drury Lane." [PAR] Upon this they both exclaim: [PAR] "Then two of us know the muffin man, the muffin man," &c. [PAR] No. 2 then turns to No. 3, repeating the same words, who replies in the same way, only saying, "Three of us know the muffin man," &c. No. 3 then turns to No. 4, and so on round the room, the same question and answer being repeated, the chorus only varied by the addition of one more number each time. [PAR] Verses beyond those described in the book have been sung. For example, the song may be concluded, "We all know the Muffin Man\xa0..." [PAR] Notes[DOC] [TLE] Do you know the Muffin Man?[Full Song]+Lyrics ♫♫ - YouTubeDo you know the Muffin Man? [Full Song] + Lyrics ♫'}, 'question': {'According to the nursery rhyme, where does the Muffin Man live?'}}

['in drury lane']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Brazil | Portuguese Homestays in Brazil - Eurolingua InstituteBrazil | Portuguese Homestays in Brazil [PAR] Learn to speak fluent Portuguese like a native ...!! [PAR] Portuguese Homestays in Brazil [PAR] Brazil was a colony of Portugal from the landing of Pedro Álvares Cabral in 1500 until its independence in 1822 and is now the only Portuguese speaking nation in the Americas. Eurolingua offers students of all levels the exciting opportunity to learn Portuguese in Brazil. Students benefit from one-to-one tuition in a unique and beautiful location. Eurolingua provides the option of a family homestay in Brazil so that students can experience the culture and traditions of the country, while learning the language. Eurolingua’s homestay option ensures that learning Portuguese in Brazil is affordable as well as extremely enjoyable. Learners will receive bespoke one-to-one tuition throughout, at their own pace.\xa0If you have decided to learn Portuguese in Brazil, view our available homestays below.[DOC] [TLE] About Brazil - Incoming to Brazil - Google SitesAbout Brazil - Incoming to Brazil [PAR] About Brazil [PAR] About Brazil [PAR] Learn more about the country where you are going on exchange. [PAR] \xa0\xa0 \xa0Brazil (Portuguese: Brasil), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America and the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas. It is both the world's fifth largest country by geographical area and by population. [PAR] \xa0\xa0 \xa0Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of over 7,491 kilometers (4,655 mi). It is bordered on the north by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and the French overseas department of French Guiana; on the northwest by Colombia; on the west by Bolivia and Peru; on the southwest by Argentina and Paraguay and on the south by Uruguay. Numerous archipelagos are part of the Brazilian territory, such as Fernando de Noronha, Rocas Atoll, Saint Peter and Paul Rocks, and Trindade and Martim Vaz. [PAR] \xa0\xa0 \xa0Brazil was a colony of Portugal from the landing of Pedro Álvares Cabral in 1500 until its independence in 1822. Initially independent as the Brazilian Empire, the country has been a republic since 1889, although the bicameral legislature, now called Congress, dates back to 1824, when the first constitution was ratified. Its current Constitution defines Brazil as a Federal Republic. The Federation is formed by the union of the Federal District, the 26 States, and the 5,564 Municipalities. [PAR] \xa0\xa0 \xa0Brazil is the world's eighth largest economy by nominal GDP and the ninth largest by purchasing power parity. Economic reforms have given the country new international recognition. Brazil is a founding member of the United Nations, the G20, Mercosul and the Union of South American Nations, and is one of the BRIC Countries. Brazil is also home to a diversity of wildlife, natural environments, and extensive natural resources in a variety of protected habitats. [PAR] Source: Wikipedia. \xa0[DOC] [TLE] MrWeb - MR-a-thonGo to next country [PAR] Brazil in Profile [PAR] Brazil was a colony / dependency of Portugal from the landing of Pedro �lvares Cabral in 1500 until independence in 1822 - it then became the Empire of Brazil, a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system; a presidential republic after a military coup in 1889; and a Federal Republic under the new constitution of 1988. [PAR] The core culture of Brazil is derived from the Portuguese, but is strongly influenced by African, indigenous and non-Portuguese European cultures and traditions. Home to the Amazon river and rainforest, samba football, Carnival, and a rapidly growing population and economy, it's one of the most vibrant states on earth - and it will be hosting both the 2014 World Cup and the 2016 Olympics (in Rio de Janeiro). [PAR] Some Business and General Info [PAR] GDP: $2.172 trillion (2010 est.) - $10,800 (2010 est.) [PAR] Religions Roman Catholic (nominal) 73.6%, Protestant 15.4%, Spiritualist 1.3%, Bantu/voodoo 0.3%, other 1.8%, unspecified 0.2%, none 7.4% (2000 census) [PAR] Currency: Real (BRL) $1 = R$ 2.84 [PAR] Telephone Code: +55 [PAR] Overview of the Research Industry [PAR] MR"}, 'question': {'From the landing of Pedro lvares Cabral in 1500 until its independence in 1822, Brazil was a colony of which nation?'}}

['portugal']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Scottish New Year Traditions Around the World at ...Scottish New Year Traditions Around the World at FatherTime\'s Net. [PAR] New Year Traditions [PAR] Scottish New Year [PAR] The Scottish New Year is known as Hogmanay and both New Year\'s Eve and New Year\'s Day were also known as Daft Days. The first Monday in January is a holiday and is referred to as Handsel Monday. [PAR] In Scotland New Year\'s Eve is called Hogomanay or Night of the Candle. Foods such as three cornered biscuits called Hogmanays are eaten. Other foods that are special at this time of year are wine, cordials, cheese, bread, shortbread, oatcake, currant loaf and scones. After sunset people are known to collect juniper and water to purify the home. [PAR] The Scots prepare for the New Year by cleaning their houses. This was believed to have been a purification ritual. [PAR] They would perform a ritual of burning juniper branches which they carried throughout the house so as to remove any lurking germs and diseases. [PAR] The food they would eat at New Year was Haggis, shortbread , scones, oatmeal cakes , cheese, whisky and wine as well as traditional New Year black buns. [PAR] The first person to rise in the morning used to take Het Pint spiced ale to those members who were still in bed. [PAR] In Scotland an old tradition that still is relevant today is that of the first footer which is said, that whoever the first person to set foot into your home on New Year\'s day decided the family\'s luck for the rest of the year. This was based on the belief in the magic power of beginnings. The start of the New Year controlled its future course. [PAR] The person most welcome on new year\'s morning was a tall, dark haired man and especially if he bought a gift as this was considered magical as his handsome features would make the year a pleasant one and his gift of a loaf of bread, or a shovel of coal would ensure that there would be no lack of food or warmth in the household. [PAR] Any other type of person who was to set foot in your home on New Year�s morning would spell disaster. Therefore people would subtly arrange for the right person to arrive. [PAR] They would light bonfires so as to dispose of the old year and sometimes a straw figure known as "the Auld Wife" which represented the old year would be thrown onto the bonfire. [PAR] One method used in the old days to remove evil spirits was to banish the evil to a cat or dog and scare them away. [PAR] On New Year\'s Eve they all link arms in a circle and sing the traditional New Year song Auld Lang Syne . [PAR] After welcoming the New Year, all the people of the household would wait to see who the first person to enter the house after midnight will be, as this person would indicate whether they would have good luck or bad luck for the coming year. The first person must be a dark haired male, young virile, good natured and prosperous. He should not be empty handed and was supposed to bring with him a small gift such as a piece of coal, bread, salt as they were symbols of life. [PAR] On New Year\'s Day children from Scotland rise early to make the rounds to their neighbors singing songs. They are given coins, mince pies, apples and other sweets for singing. This must be done by noon or the singer will be called fools. [PAR] In some Scottish villages barrels of tar are set on fire and rolled through the streets. This is done to burn up the old year and to allow the New Year in. [PAR] * * * * * AustralianMedia.com Family Network: * * * * *[DOC] [TLE] Did You Know? - New Year\'s Eve - HogmanayDid You Know? - New Year\'s Eve - Hogmanay [PAR] Did You Know? [PAR] - New Year\'s Eve - Hogmanay [PAR] What does Hogmanay actually mean and what is the derivation of the name? Why do the Scots more than any other nation celebrate the New Year with such a passion? Why should a tall dark stranger be a welcome first foot'}, 'question': {'What name is given to the frst person to enter a house in the New Year?'}}

['first footing' 'first foot']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] The Queen of Sheba’s visit to King SolomonThe Queen of Sheba\x92s visit to King Solomon [PAR] The Queen of Sheba\x92s visit to King Solomon [PAR] Presented at the Vancouver Grand Masonic Day, October 16, 1999 [PAR] by VW Bro. Art Scott, Victoria Columbia Lodge No. 1 [PAR] Upon reading the title of this paper, you may well wonder, "what on earth has the Queen of Sheba got to do with Freemasonry?" As a matter of fact, it was when I asked myself this very same question that I began to pursue the story of the Queen of Sheba and her visit to King Solomon following the completion of his famous temple in Jerusalem. Your next question well might be "where in Freemasonry is there any reference to the Queen of Sheba?" The answer: in the Board of Installed Masters. The Board of Installed Masters is a ceremony, not a degree, so I will plead "not guilty" of divulging any secrets when I tell you that during this ceremony the VOSL is opened at I Kings 10. After witnessing and participating in the Board of Installed Masters, and having listened to the aforementioned scripture read many, many times, I began to wonder what the relevance of this passage was to the ceremony of installation. Why did the Queen of Sheba come to visit Solomon? Was she the only monarch who came? What was so special about her visit that it is afforded such detail in the VOSL? And what is the Masonic significance of I Kings 10? Let us begin by referring to I Kings 10: [PAR] 1. And when the queen of Sheba heard of the fame of Solomon concerning the name of the Lord, she came to prove him with hard questions [PAR] 2. And she came to Jerusalem with a very great train, with camels that bare spices, and very much gold, and precious stones; and when she was come to Solomon, she communed with him all that was in her heart [PAR] 3. And Solomon told her all her questions: there was not anything hid from the king, which he told her not [PAR] 4. And when the queen of Sheba had seen all Solomon\x92s wisdom, and the house that he had built, 5. And the meat of his table, and the sitting of his servants, and the attendance of his ministers, and their apparel, and his cup bearers, and his ascent by which he went up into the house of the Lord; there was no more spirit in her [PAR] 6. And she said to the king, It was a true report that I heard in mine own land, of thy acts and of thy wisdom [PAR] 7. Howbeit I believed not the words until I came, and mine eyes have seen it: and behold, the half was not told me: thy wisdom and prosperity exceedeth the fame which I heard [PAR] 8. Happy are thy men, happy are these thy servants which stand continually before thee, and that hear thy wisdom [PAR] 9. Blessed be the Lord thy God, which delighted in thee, to set thee on the throne of Israel: because the Lord loved Israel forever, therefore made he thee king, to do judgment and justice [PAR] 10. And she gave the king an hundred and twenty talents of gold, and of spices very great store, and precious stones: there came no more such abundance of spices as these which the queen of Sheba gave to King Solomon [PAR] 11. And the navy also of Hiram, that brought gold from Ophir, brought in from Ophir great plenty of almug trees, and precious stones [PAR] 12. And the king made of the almug trees pillars for the house of the LORD, and for the king\x92s house, harps also and psalteries for singers: there came no such almug trees, nor were seen unto this day [PAR] 13. And king Solomon gave unto the queen of Sheba all her desires, whatsoever she asked, beside that which Solomon gave her of his royal bounty. So she turned and went to her own country, she and her servants [PAR] Who was the Queen of Sheba? [PAR] I don\'t want to spoil my story, but before'}, 'question': {'According to the Bible, who visited Solomon?'}}

['makeda' 'bilqis' 'balqis' 'queen of sheba']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] ValleyA valley is a low area between hills, often with a river running through it. [PAR] In geology, a valley or dale is a depression that is longer than it is wide. The terms U-shaped and V-shaped are descriptive terms of geography to characterize the form of valleys. Most valleys belong to one of these two main types or a mixture of them, (at least) with respect to the cross section of the slopes or hillsides. [PAR] Valley terminology [PAR] A valley in its broadest geographic sense is also known as a dale. A valley through which a river runs may also be referred to as a vale. A small, secluded, and often wooded valley is known as a dell or in Scotland as a glen. A wide, flat valley through which a river runs is known in Scotland as a strath. A mountain cove is a small valley, closed at one or both ends, in the central or southern Appalachian Mountains which sometimes results from the erosion of a geologic window. A small valley surrounded by mountains or ridges is sometimes known as a hollow. A deep, narrow valley is known as a cwm (also spelled combe or coombe). Similar geological structures, such as canyons, ravines, gorges, gullies, and kloofs, are not usually referred to as valleys. See also: "chine". A valley formed by erosion is called an erosional valley; a valley formed by geologic events such as drop faults or the rise of highlands is called a structural valley. [PAR] River valleys [PAR] [PAR] A valley formed by flowing water, or river valley, is usually V-shaped. The exact shape will depend on the characteristics of the stream flowing through it. Rivers with steep gradients, as in mountain ranges, produce steep walls and a bottom. Shallower slopes may produce broader and gentler valleys. However, in the lowest stretch of a river, where it approaches its base level, it begins to deposit sediment and the valley bottom becomes a floodplain. [PAR] Some broad V examples are: [PAR] * North America: Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park, and others in Grand Canyon NP [PAR] * Europe: [PAR] ** Austria: narrow passages of upper Inn valley (Inntal), affluents of Enns [PAR] ** Switzerland: Napf region, Zurich Oberland, Engadin [PAR] ** Germany: affluents to the middle reaches of Rhine and Mosel [PAR] Some of the first human complex societies originated in river valleys, such as that of the Nile, Tigris-Euphrates, Indus, Ganges, Yangtze, Yellow River, Mississippi, and arguably Amazon. In prehistory, the rivers were used as a source of fresh water and food (fish and game), as well as a place to wash and a sewer. The proximity of water moderated temperature extremes and provided a source for irrigation, stimulating the development of agriculture. Most of the first civilizations developed from these river valley communities. [PAR] Vale [PAR] In geography, a vale is a wide river valley, usually with a particularly wide flood plain or flat valley bottom. [PAR] In Southern England, vales commonly occur between the escarpment slopes of pairs of chalk formations, where the chalk dome has been eroded, exposing less resistant underlying rock, usually claystone. [PAR] Glacial valleys [PAR] There are various forms of valley associated with glaciation that may be referred to as glacial valleys. [PAR] U-shaped valley [PAR] A valley carved by glaciers is normally U-shaped. The valley becomes visible upon the recession of the glacier that forms it. When the ice recedes or thaws, the valley remains, often littered with small boulders that were transported within the ice. Floor gradient does not affect the valley\'s shape, it is the glacier\'s size that does. Continuously flowing glaciers – especially in the ice age – and large-sized glaciers carve wide, deep incised valleys. [PAR] Examples of U-shaped valleys are found in every mountainous region that has experienced glaciation, usually during the Pleistocene ice ages. [PAR] Most present U-shaped valleys started as V-shaped before glaciation. The glaciers carved it out wider and deeper, simultaneously changing the shape. This'}, 'question': {'What is a word for a deep narrow valley?'}}

['gorge' 'canyon']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] July 31, 1917 : Third Battle of Ypres begins in ... - HistoryJuly 31, 1917 : Third Battle of Ypres begins in Flanders [PAR] Introduction [PAR] On July 31, 1917, the Allies launch a renewed assault on German lines in the Flanders region of Belgium, in the much-contested region near Ypres, during World War I. The attack begins more than three months of brutal fighting, known as the Third Battle of Ypres. [PAR] While the first and second battles at Ypres were attacks by the Germans against the Allied-controlled salient around Ypres–which crucially blocked any German advance to the English Channel–the third was spearheaded by the British commander in chief, Sir Douglas Haig. After the resounding failure of the Nivelle Offensive–named for its mastermind, the French commander Robert Nivelle–the previous May, followed by widespread mutinies within the French army, Haig insisted that the British should press ahead with another major offensive that summer. The aggressive and meticulously planned offensive, ostensibly aimed at destroying German submarine bases located on the north coast of Belgium, was in fact driven by Haig’s (mistaken) belief that the German army was on the verge of collapse, and would be broken completely by a major Allied victory. [PAR] After an opening barrage of some 3,000 guns, Haig ordered nine British divisions, led by Sir Hubert Gough’s 5th Army, to advance on the German lines near the Belgian village of Passchendaele on July 31; they were joined by six French divisions. In the first two days of the attacks, while suffering heavy casualties, the Allies made significant advances–in some sectors pushing the Germans back more than a mile and taking more than 5,000 German prisoners–if not as significant as Haig had envisioned. The offensive was renewed in mid-August, though heavy rains and thickening mud severely hampered the effectiveness of Allied infantry and artillery and prevented substantial gains over the majority of the summer and early fall. [PAR] Dissatisfied with his army’s gains by the end of August, Haig had replaced Gough with Herbert Plumer at the head of the attack; after several small gains in September, the British were able to establish control over the ridge of land east of Ypres. Encouraged, Haig pushed Plumer to continue the attacks towards the Passchendaele ridge, some 10 kilometers from Ypres. [PAR] Thus the Third Battle of Ypres–also known as Passchendaele, for the village, and the ridge surrounding it, that saw the heaviest fighting–continued into its third month, as the Allied attackers reached near-exhaustion, with few notable gains, and the Germans reinforced their positions in the region with reserve troops released from the Eastern Front, where Russia’s army was foundering amid internal turmoil. Unwilling to give up, Haig ordered a final three attacks on Passchendaele in late October. The eventual capture of the village, by Canadian and British troops, on November 6, 1917, allowed Haig to finally call off the offensive, claiming victory, despite some 310,000 British casualties, as opposed to 260,000 on the German side, and a failure to create any substantial breakthrough, or change of momentum, on the Western Front. Given its outcome, the Third Battle of Ypres remains one of the most costly and controversial offensives of World War I, representing–at least for the British–the epitome of the wasteful and futile nature of trench warfare. [PAR] Article Details: [PAR] July 31, 1917 : Third Battle of Ypres begins in Flanders [PAR] Author [PAR] July 31, 1917 : Third Battle of Ypres begins in Flanders [PAR] URL[DOC] [TLE] Third Battle of Ypres begins in Flanders - Jul 31, 1917 ...Third Battle of Ypres begins in Flanders - Jul 31, 1917 - HISTORY.com [PAR] Third Battle of Ypres begins in Flanders [PAR] Share this: [PAR] Third Battle of Ypres begins in Flanders [PAR] Author [PAR] Third Battle of Ypres begins in Flanders [PAR] URL [PAR] Publisher [PAR] A+E Networks [PAR] On July 31, 1917, the Allies launch a renewed assault on German lines in the Flanders region of Belgium, in the much-contested region near Ypres, during World War I. The attack begins more than three months of brutal fighting, known as the Third Battle of Ypres. [PAR] While'}, 'question': {'In World War I, what was the third battle of Ypres, from 31 July to 6 November 6, 1917, also known as?'}}

['third battle of ypres' 'passchendaele ridge']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Profumo scandal : Wikis (The Full Wiki)Profumo scandal : Wikis (The Full Wiki) [PAR] The Full Wiki [PAR] More info on Profumo scandal [PAR] \xa0\xa0Wikis [PAR] Profumo scandal: Wikis [PAR] Advertisements [PAR] Note: Many of our articles have direct quotes from sources you can cite, within the Wikipedia article! This article doesn\'t yet, but we\'re working on it! See more info or our list of citable articles . [PAR] Related top topics [PAR] (Redirected to Profumo Affair article) [PAR] From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia [PAR] The Profumo Affair was a 1963 political scandal in the United Kingdom that is named after the then Secretary of State for War , John Profumo . The Profumo affair developed after Profumo had a brief relationship with a showgirl named Christine Keeler , who was also reputedly the mistress of a known Russian spy, and then lied in the House of Commons when he was questioned about it. The scandal forced Profumo to resign and also severely damaged the reputation of Prime Minister Harold Macmillan \'s government. Macmillan himself would resign a few months later owing to ill health. [PAR] Contents [PAR] 6 External links [PAR] Profumo\'s relationship with Keeler [PAR] Christine Keeler —the iconic Lewis Morley image, taken in May 1963, became an instant national talking point when a stolen copy was published by the Sunday Mirror , adding yet more fuel to the fire under Profumo. As the scandal intensified, it was endlessly republished. [1] [PAR] In the early 1960s Profumo was the secretary of state for war in Harold Macmillan \'s Conservative government and was married to actress Valerie Hobson . In 1961 Profumo met Christine Keeler , a London showgirl, at a house party at Cliveden , the Buckinghamshire mansion owned by Lord Astor . Many years later he would claim, in discussion with his son, David , that he had met Keeler previously at a night club in London called Murray\'s and "probably had a drink with her." [2] Also present at the Cliveden party were Profumo\'s wife and the fashionable osteopath , Dr Stephen Ward , a long-standing acquaintance of Keeler. [PAR] The relationship with Keeler lasted only a few weeks before Profumo ended it. However, rumours about the affair became public in 1962, as did the allegation that Keeler had also had a relationship with Yevgeny "Eugene" Ivanov , a senior naval attaché at the Soviet embassy in London . Given Profumo\'s position in the government and with the Cold War at its height, the potential ramifications in terms of national security were grave, and this, along with the adulterous nature of Profumo\'s relationship with Keeler, quickly elevated the affair into a public scandal. [PAR] In March 1963, Profumo stated to the House of Commons that there was "no impropriety whatever" in his relationship with Keeler and that he would issue writs for libel and slander if the allegations were repeated outside the House. 1 (Within the House, such allegations are protected by parliamentary privilege .) However, in June, Profumo confessed that he had misled the House and lied in his testimony and on June 5, he resigned his cabinet position, as well as his Privy Council and parliamentary membership. [PAR] There was never proof of actual espionage activity involving Keeler, the Soviet Naval Attaché Ivanov, and Profumo, but there was ground for suspicion. Peter Wright, in his autobiography Spycatcher , relates that he was working at the British Counterintelligence Agency MI5 at the time and was assigned to question Keeler on security matters. He conducted a fairly lengthy interview and found Keeler to be poorly educated and not well informed on current events, very much the "party girl" described in the press at the time. However, in the course of questioning her, the subject of nuclear missiles came up, and Keeler, on her own, used the term "nuclear payload" in relation to the missiles. This alerted Wright\'s suspicions. According to Wright, in the very early 60s in Britain, the term "nuclear payload" was not in general use by the public, and even among those who kept up with such things the term was not commonly heard. For a young woman with such limited knowledge to casually use the term was more than suspicious.'}, 'question': {'What 1963 political scandal in the UK involved the Secretary of State for War, after he had a brief relationship with the mistress of a Russian spy (a showgirl named Christine Keeler), and lied to the House of Commons about it?'}}

['profumo scandal']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] 50th Anniversary Of The Moog Modular Synthesizer | Moog ...50th Anniversary Of The Moog Modular Synthesizer | Moog Music Inc [PAR] 50th Anniversary Of The Moog Modular Synthesizer [PAR] LANDMARK 50th\xa0ANNIVERSARY OF THE MOOG MODULAR [PAR] Moog’s\xa01:1\xa0Recreation of Keith Emerson’s Modular Synthesizer shown at AES ‘14 [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] October 11, 2014\xa0Asheville, NC:\xa0Tomorrow, October 12, 2014, marks the 50 Year anniversary of the unveiling of the Moog modular synthesizer at the Audio Engineering Society\'s (AES) New York convention. On that day in 1964, Dr. Robert Moog introduced the world to a completely new type of instrument that would go on to change the course of music history and influence decades of future instrument design. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] The Moog modular synthesizer was comprised of individual electronic modules, housed in a wooden frame, and it made use of voltage-control as a new way of creating powerful sounds that had never been heard before.\xa0 [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] After its debut at AES, the scientific-looking Moog modular instrument that made extraordinary new sounds with rapid alterations and exotic tonal colors, started to gain in popularity. Musicians began to establish the Moog system as the archetype of synthesis. One of the earliest and most famous artists to adopt the new instrument was Keith Emerson, keyboardist for the innovative band Emerson Lake and Palmer. Touring the world for over forty years with this unique instrument, Emerson has made his Moog modular system the most recognizable synthesizer of all time. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] The 50th Anniversary of the Moog Modular is a historical landmark for musical instrument design and popular music. In celebration of this momentous occasion, Moog Music has faithfully and painstakingly recreated Keith Emerson’s Moog modular. This new Emerson Moog Modular System (EMMS) utilizes original design material and parts to duplicate each facet of Mr. Emerson’s custom instrument down to the smallest detail. The modules in the EMMS are built exactly as the originals were in the Moog Factory in Trumansburg, NY in the 1960s: by hand-stuffing and hand-soldering components to circuit boards, and using traditional wiring methods. Today, Moog also released a mini-documentary featuring a Moog engineer, Moog Historian, and Bob Moog himself, that explores Moog Music\'s quest to resurrect the original methods, materials and designs used in the foundational modular synths. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] "It\'s a dream come true for us to\xa0bring back\xa0these instruments that our company is so known for, and to make them visually and sonically perfect. \xa0It\'s even more perfect that exactly 50 years after the first Moog synth was\xa0shown to the public, people can come to AES 2014 and\xa0experience the new Emerson Moog Modular System," said Brian Kehew, Moog’s Historian. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] This towering recreation of the world\'s most recognizable synthesizer will be on display in Moog booth 1028 at the 137th\xa0AES convention in Los Angeles, CA through Sunday 10/12/14. It is the first time the Emerson Moog Modular System has been shown to the public since it’s unveiling at Moogfest 2014. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Of the 5 Emerson Moog Modular Systems Moog will build, only 1 remains available for sale. The price is $150,000 USD. To inquire about purchasing the last remaining Emerson Moog Modular System, contact Steve Maass at Moog Music. 828.251.0090 ext. 205 or email [email\xa0protected] [PAR] . Serious buyers only please.[DOC] [TLE] Moog | Guitar CenterMoog | Guitar Center [PAR] 1 2 3 4 Next [PAR] Was: [PAR] Not many inventors could have claimed as much of an influence on the electronic music scene as Robert Moog. In the early 1960s, Moog built some of the world\'s earliest synthesizers, and many of his designs are still renowned today as milestones in musical history. Later, he applied his considerable know-how to the Moogerfooger line of effects units, and those synths and pedals remain the cornerstones of the Moog lineup today. Early synthesizers were very big and not what you\'d call portable. It took Moog\'s efforts to change that, with the release of the now-classic Minimoog in 1970. The current generation in that family, the Minimoog Voyager'}, 'question': {'"A ""moog"" was what type of instrument?"'}}

['synthesizers']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] First Amendment | Wex Legal Dictionary / Encyclopedia ...First Amendment | Wex Legal Dictionary / Encyclopedia | LII / Legal Information Institute [PAR] First Amendment [PAR] First Amendment: An Overview [PAR] The First Amendment of the United States Constitution protects the right to freedom of religion and freedom of expression from government interference. See U.S. Const. amend. I . Freedom of expression consists of the rights to freedom of speech, press, assembly and to petition the government for a redress of grievances, and the implied rights of association and belief. The Supreme Court interprets the extent of the protection afforded to these rights. The First Amendment has been interpreted by the Court as applying to the entire federal government even though it is only expressly applicable to Congress. Furthermore, the Court has interpreted, the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment as protecting the rights in the First Amendment from interference by state governments. See U.S. Const. amend. XIV . [PAR] Two clauses in the First Amendment guarantee freedom of religion. The establishment clause prohibits the government from passing legislation to establish an official religion or preferring one religion over another. It enforces the "separation of church and state." Some governmental activity related to religion has been declared constitutional by the Supreme Court. For example, providing bus transportation for parochial school students and the enforcement of "blue laws" is not prohibited. The free exercise clause prohibits the government, in most instances, from interfering with a person\'s practice of their religion. [PAR] The most basic component of freedom of expression is the right of freedom of speech. The right to freedom of speech allows individuals to express themselves without interference or constraint by the government. The Supreme Court requires the government to provide substantial justification for the interference with the right of free speech where it attempts to regulate the content of the speech. A less stringent test is applied for content-neutral legislation. The Supreme Court has also recognized that the government may prohibit some speech that may cause a breach of the peace or cause violence.\xa0For more on unprotected and less protected categories of speech see advocacy of illegal action , fighting words , commercial speech and obscenity .\xa0The right to free speech includes other mediums of expression that communicate a message. \xa0The level of protection speech receives also depends on the forum in which it takes place. \xa0\xa0 [PAR] Despite popular misunderstanding the right to freedom of the press guaranteed by the first amendment is not very different from the right to freedom of speech. It allows an individual to express themselves through publication and dissemination. It is part of the constitutional protection of freedom of expression. It does not afford members of the media any special rights or privileges not afforded to citizens in general. [PAR] The right to assemble allows people to gather for peaceful and lawful purposes. Implicit within this right is the right to association and belief. The Supreme Court has expressly recognized that a right to freedom of association and belief is implicit in the First, Fifth, and Fourteenth Amendments . This implicit right is limited to the right to associate for First Amendment purposes. It does not include a right of social association. The government may prohibit people from knowingly associating in groups that engage and promote illegal activities. The right to associate also prohibits the government from requiring a group to register or disclose its members or from denying government benefits on the basis of an individual\'s current or past membership in a particular group. There are exceptions to this rule where the Court finds that governmental interests in disclosure/registration outweigh interference with first amendment rights. The government may also, generally, not compel individuals to express themselves, hold certain beliefs, or belong to particular associations or groups. [PAR] The right to petition the government for a redress of grievances guarantees people the right to ask the government to provide relief for a wrong through the courts (litigation) or other governmental action. It works with the right of assembly by allowing people to join together and seek change from the government. [PAR] \xa0[DOC] [TLE] First Amendment to the United States Constitution - WikiquoteFirst Amendment to the United States Constitution - Wikiquote [PAR] First Amendment to the United States Constitution [PAR] From Wikiquote [PAR] Jump to: navigation , search [PAR] The'}, 'question': {'Which amendment to the US constitution provides freedom of religion, assembly, speech and the press?'}}

['first' 'firſt']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] France / Charming Bed and Breakfasts / bedbreakfast.beFrance / Charming Bed and Breakfasts / bedbreakfast.be [PAR] Keyword(s) [PAR] Country: France [PAR] France has 37 sites inscribed in UNESCO\'s World Heritage List and features cities of high cultural interest (Paris being the foremost, but also Toulouse, Strasbourg, Bordeaux, Lyon, and others), beaches and seaside resorts, ski resorts, and rural regions that many enjoy for their beauty and tranquillity (green tourism). Small and picturesque French villages of quality heritage (such as Collonges-la-Rouge or Locronan) are promoted through the association Les Plus Beaux Villages de France ("The Most Beautiful Villages of France"). The "Remarkable Gardens" label is a list of the over two hundred gardens classified by the French Ministry of Culture. This label is intended to protect and promote remarkable gardens and parks. Alsace - Aquitaine - Auvergne - Basse-Normandie - Bourgogne - Bretagne - Centre - Champagne-Ardenne - Corse - Franche-Comté - Haute-Normandie - Île-de-France - Languedoc-Roussillon – Limousin - Lorraine - Midi-Pyrénées - Nord-Pas-de-Calais - Pays de la Loire - Picardie - Poitou-Charentes - Provence-Alpes-Côte d\'Azur - Rhône-Alpes. Discover our charming B&Bs, charming country houses and charming small hotels in France.[DOC] [TLE] Region Guide to Limousin, France - hunt-a-home.comRegion Guide to Limousin, France [PAR] Location [PAR] Limousin is located in central France, on the north-western plateau of the Massif Central mountain range. A granite plateau of moors, springs and waterfalls, known as the Milles Vaches surrounds the elevated valleys, gorges and peaks of the central eastern part of the region. The region extends into the lower, flatter country of the Brive basin towards the southeast. [PAR] The region is bordered by Centre to the north, Poitou-Charentes and Aquitaine to the west, Midi-Pyrenees to the south and Auvergne to the East. [PAR] There are three departments within the region: Corrèze [19] to the south, Creuse [23] to the northeast and Haute-Vienne [87] to the west. [PAR] The capital Limoges is located to the west of the region in the department, Haute-Vienne. [PAR] Description [PAR] Limousin is one of the most rural and sparsely populated regions of France and cultural traditions have been largely unaffected by the pace of modern life. The region is known for its traditional Arts and Crafts, and for its tranquil, remote and unspoilt landscapes. [PAR] The mountains of the Massif Central occupy the eastern part of Limousin, and the majority of the region is located on the surrounding granite plateau. Most of Limousin’s rivers have their source in the plateau of Milles Vaches, and deep gorges and valleys have been carved into the rural landscape of moors, pastureland and forest. The abundance of rivers, streams and lakes in the region make Limousin popular for bathing, fishing, kayaking and sailing. Further south, the low lying Brive basin has a much flatter landscape of vineyards and orchards, and the churches, abbeys, and chateaux built by the renowned Limousin masons can be found throughout the region. [PAR] The regional capital Limoges is the largest town in a region more commonly associated with small villages whose cultural traditions, industries and celebrations are well preserved. [PAR] These traditional industries not only bear important cultural relevance within Limousin, but are also still important to the regional economy and continue to thrive alongside the newer industries that have developed in the region due to de-centralisation. [PAR] Though still relatively undiscovered, Limousin is starting to become more popular as a destination for second-home buyers due to its scenic landscapes and relaxing pace of life. Tourism is definitely set to develop as an important sector within the region’s economy. [PAR] Average Max and Min Temperatures [PAR] Average Rainfall [PAR] Due to the different landscapes and elevation changes of the region (the highest peak, Mont Bessou is 984m above sea level), Limousin experiences a varied climate. [PAR] Winters in the mountains are characterised by frost and snow with an average midwinter temperature of 0°C while the summers are crisp and clear though certainly cooler than in the lowlands'}, 'question': {'Alsace, Aquitaine, Auvergne, Bourgogne, Bretagne, Limousin and Lorraine are all regions of which country?'}}

['france']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Review: \'Paddington\' one well-looked-after bear - azcentralReview: \'Paddington\' one well-looked-after bear [PAR] Review: \'Paddington\' one well-looked-after bear [PAR] "Paddington" updates beloved character while keeping true to spirit. [PAR] Post to Facebook [PAR] Review: \'Paddington\' one well-looked-after bear "Paddington" updates beloved character while keeping true to spirit. Check out this story on azcentral.com: http://azc.cc/1IOkq2u [PAR] CancelSend [PAR] A link has been sent to your friend\'s email address. [PAR] Posted! [PAR] A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. [PAR] Join the Conversation [PAR] Register your digital access. [PAR] Review: \'Paddington\' one well-looked-after bear [PAR] Barbara VanDenburgh , The Republic | azcentral.com Published 10:21 a.m. MT Jan. 15, 2015 | Updated 10:39 a.m. MT Jan. 15, 2015 [PAR] CLOSE [PAR] x [PAR] Share [PAR] A young bear named Paddington makes his way to England in search of a new home, the family that takes him in begins to treat him as one of their own. VPC [PAR] "Paddington" updates beloved character from children\'s literature while keeping true to spirit. [PAR] Oscar-nominated actress Sally Hawkins, who plays Mrs. Brown, and Oscar-winning actor Jim Broadbent, as Mr. Gruber, share a cup of tea with Paddington in the live-action adaptation. [PAR] (Photo: TWC-Dimension) [PAR] 3.5 stars (out of 5) [PAR] Ben Whishaw voices Paddington with exceeding politeness and curiosity. [PAR] The movie is packed with charm, ornamented with darling details. [PAR] Nicole Kidman plays a dastardly museum taxidermist intent on adding Paddington to her menagerie. [PAR] It doesn\'t take much coaxing to be delighted by a talking bear with an insatiable craving for marmalade sandwiches. But it does take rather a lot of coaxing to accept a big-budget, big-screen adaptation of a beloved but humble children\'s book character, especially when the little furball is all shiny and computerized. [PAR] Though he doesn\'t emerge fully unscathed, "Paddington" is a mostly smart update loaded with charm, and it preserves enough of the fuzzy feelings for purists to walk away with a smile. [PAR] The story begins at it should, as anyone who grew up on Michael Bond\'s Paddington books will know, in darkest Peru, where a British adventurer discovers a family of intelligent, curious bears. He teaches them English, of course, and about the joys of tea and marmalade. "If you ever make it to London," he says, "you can be sure of a very warm welcome." [PAR] The bears, dubbed Lucy and Pastuzo by their English friend, raise their nephew Paddington (voiced with exceeding politeness and curiosity by Ben Whishaw) in peace with genteel British etiquette until a deadly earthquake upsets their order. Lucy (who is headed, adorably, to the home for retired bears) decides to take the explorer up on his years-ago offer and ships Paddington off to Britain with a note pinned to his jacket: "Please look after this bear." [PAR] But 21th-century London is not nearly as hospitable as hoped. The promise of the warm welcome he was extended vanishes like a puff of smoke in the train station, where Paddington sits bereft for hours until he encounters the Brown family. A no-nonsense risk analyst, Mr. Brown (Hugh Bonneville, channeling the bruised ego and undermined authority of Mr. Darling from "Peter Pan") immediately calculates the risk of bringing home a strange bear. Mrs. Brown (the always delightful Sally Hawkins) and their two children are more sympathetic, though, and they invite Paddington to spend the night until he can find more appropriate accommodations. [PAR] \xa0(Photo: The Weinstein Company) [PAR] "Paddington" is packed with charm, ornamented with darling details (for instance, the marmalade-obsessed bear calls pockets "sandwich compartments"), and the thoughtfully designed Brown home pops with color and feels like a dollhouse — the perfect staging ground for Paddington\'s cuddly chaos and domestic mayhem. All that care sustains the storybook quality despite Paddington\'s sojourn into modernity. [PAR] Where it stumbles'}, 'question': {'What was the surname of the family who looked after Paddington Bear?'}}

['brown']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] HawaiiHawaii ( ; locally,; ) is the 50th and most recent state of the United States of America, receiving statehood on August 21, 1959. Hawaii is the only U.S. state located in Oceania and the only one composed entirely of islands. It is the northernmost island group in Polynesia, occupying most of an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean. Hawaii is the only U.S. state not located in the Americas. The state does not observe daylight saving time. [PAR] The state encompasses nearly the entire volcanic Hawaiian archipelago, which comprises hundreds of islands spread over 1500 mi. At the southeastern end of the archipelago, the eight main islands are—in order from northwest to southeast: Niihau, Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lānai, Kahoolawe, Maui and the Island of Hawaii. The last is the largest island in the group; it is often called the "Big Island" or "Hawaii Island" to avoid confusion with the state or archipelago. The archipelago is physiographically and ethnologically part of the Polynesian subregion of Oceania. [PAR] Hawaii\'s diverse natural scenery, warm tropical climate, abundance of public beaches, oceanic surroundings, and active volcanoes make it a popular destination for tourists, surfers, biologists, and volcanologists. Because of its central location in the Pacific and 19th-century labor migration, Hawaii\'s culture is strongly influenced by North American and Asian cultures, in addition to its indigenous Hawaiian culture. Hawaii has over a million permanent residents, along with many visitors and U.S. military personnel. Its capital is Honolulu on the island of Oahu. [PAR] Hawaii is the 8th-smallest and the 11th-least populous, but the 13th-most densely populated of the fifty U.S. states. It is the only state with an Asian plurality. The state\'s coastline is about 750 mi long, the fourth longest in the U.S. after the coastlines of Alaska, Florida and California. [PAR] Etymology [PAR] The state of Hawaii derives its name from the name of its largest island, Hawaii. A common Hawaiian explanation of the name of Hawaii is that was named for Hawaiiloa, a legendary figure from Hawaiian myth. He is said to have discovered the islands when they were first settled. [PAR] The Hawaiian language word Hawaii is very similar to Proto-Polynesian *Sawaiki, with the reconstructed meaning "homeland". Cognates of Hawaii are found in other Polynesian languages, including Māori (Hawaiki), Rarotongan (ʻAvaiki) and Samoan (Savaii) . According to linguists Pukui and Elbert, "[e]lsewhere in Polynesia, Hawaii or a cognate is the name of the underworld or of the ancestral home, but in Hawaii, the name has no meaning". [PAR] Spelling of state name [PAR] A somewhat divisive political issue arose in 1978 when the Constitution of the State of Hawaii added Hawaiian as a second official state language. The title of the state constitution is The Constitution of the State of Hawaii. ArticleXV, Section1 of the Constitution uses The State of Hawaii. Diacritics were not used because the document, drafted in 1949, predates the use of the okina () and the kahakō in modern Hawaiian orthography. The exact spelling of the state\'s name in the Hawaiian language is Hawaii. In the Hawaii Admission Act that granted Hawaiian statehood, the federal government recognized Hawaii as the official state name. Official government publications, department and office titles, and the Seal of Hawaii use the traditional spelling with no symbols for glottal stops or vowel length. In contrast, the National and State Parks Services, the University of Hawaii and some private enterprises implement these symbols. No precedent for changes to U.S. state names exists since the adoption of the United States Constitution in 1789. However, the Constitution of Massachusetts formally changed the Province of Massachusetts Bay to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in 1780, and in the 1819 the Territory of Arkansaw was created but was later admitted to statehood as State of Arkansas. [PAR] Geography and environment [PAR] There are eight main Hawaiian islands, seven of which are permanently inhabited. The island of Niihau is privately managed by brothers Bruce and Keith Robinson; access is restricted to those who have permission from the island\'s owners.'}, 'question': {'Hawaii is in which ocean?'}}

['pacific ocean' 'south pacific ocean' 'pacific']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] AUDI GERMAN CAR HISTORY | DIRECTORY OF MOTOR MANUFACTURERS ...AUDI GERMAN CAR HISTORY | DIRECTORY OF MOTOR MANUFACTURERS | VEHICLE DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY | CONCEPT CARS. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] In the late 1800's the automobile was invented. The technical foundations of motorised transport had been decided: the thing would have four wheels, one in each corner, and would be propelled by an internal combustion engine. That much was certain, but not much else. At this time, there were many heroes of the automobile: Gottfried Daimler and Carl Benz of Germany, Siegfried Marcus of Austria, and the Americans, George Baldwin Seldon and Henry Ford. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] But for Audi, it is a young, ambitious engineer, August Horch, who begins our story of exceptional progress. In 1896 Horch discovered the exciting possibilities of the new technology, and signed on with Benz, then the most influential figure of the automobile world. Horch would become one of the most important men in European automobile history - he helped found and name the car companies Horch (1899) and Audi (1909). [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] 1899. Bursting with his own creativity and ideas, Horch left his position as manager of motor construction at Benz to found August Horch and Cie in Cologne, Germany. The next year, he built his first car, equipped with a shock-free, two-cylinder engine. Soon afterwards, he developed the rear-mounted gear-box and the OHV engine with overhead inlet valves. By 1908, the company was turning out over 100 cars a year. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] In 1909 Horch left his own company to form another. Unable to trade under his own name, he chose 'Audi' - the Latin translation of Horch ('Listen' in English). Audi Automobilwerke GmbH began business. 'One of my life's dreams has come true' August Horch. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] August Horch built the elegant 'Audi Type K' for the discriminating tastes of the elite. Many of these 1919 innovations would become standard later on - for example left-hand steering and the central position of the gear-shift. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] In 1919, the war of Independence started in Ireland which would last until 1921. The following year, the Irish civil war began which lasted until 1925 and saw brothers fighting brothers. The end of the civil war saw a free state Government coming into power with Eamonn DeValera as Taoiseach. [PAR] In 1926, the Berlin Automobile Exhibition showcased the new Horch 303. Horch immediately became the marque of top quality in German automobile history. The eight-cylinder engine would become standard for all models after 1927. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] At the 1931 Salon de Paris, August Horch became the leading name in the German automobile market. The star of the exhibition was a yellow lacquered Cabriolet with a brown top and green morocco upholstery. But its main feature was less cosmetic - a 12 cylinder V engine with a six-litre cylinder capacity, a marvel of innovative engineering. [PAR] Horch, DKW, Wanderer and Audi linked forces in 1932 to create Auto Union AG. The union was symbolised by the four rings.\xa0 From the start, Auto Union AG was Germany's second largest automobile manufacturer.\xa0 DKW was the most affordable marque, and had 18\xa0% of the German market in 1938. Wanderer was positioned in the mid range sector, with Audi at the upper mid range. [PAR] The premium sector was reserved for Horch, which captured over 50\xa0% of this market segment. Many of the drivers who enjoyed the thrill of a Horch sports convertible were well-known celebrities. Many of the distinguished passengers to ride in a large Horch saloon were politicians or even members of royalty. Thomas Mann, Alfred Neven Du Mont and Werner Kraus all had the pleasure of driving one of the best cars ever built. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR]"}, 'question': {'Where did the car manufacturer Audi originate?'}}

['germany']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Harry Osborn (Character) - Comic VineHarry Osborn (Character) - Comic Vine [PAR] Harry Osborn [PAR] The Harry Osborn wiki last edited by N00beditor3 on 10/28/16 06:51PM View full history [PAR] Origin [PAR] Harry Osborn was the son of wealthy industrialist Norman Osborn, and often felt like he led his father down. He however graduated highschool and then enrolled in Empire State University with his friend Gwen Stacy . They rapidly became friends with fellow clasmate Flash Thompson . Flash was a star football player and tried to introduce Peter Parker to Gwen and Harry. Peter was worried about his Aunt May being poisoned by his radioactive blood at the time and so didn’t respond to Flash\'s attempt at introductions very well. Gwen, Harry and Flash didn’t appreciate Peter\'s seemingly "snobbish" attitude towards them at the time. This caused the group to first dislike Peter. [PAR] Creation [PAR] Harry Osborn was created by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko and first appeared in Amazing Spider-Man Vol.1 issue 31 (1965). [PAR] Major Story Arcs [PAR] College Years [PAR] As a consequence of Peter\'s apparent snobbish attitude, Flash and Harry tried to annoy Peter. Little by little though, Peter reconciled with Harry and they became friends. That is why when Norman Osborn , Harry’s father, paid for a huge apartment for two, Harry asked Peter to be his housemate and Peter accepted. [PAR] Everything in Harry\'s life seemed great. He had good friends, and a gorgeous girlfriend ( Mary Jane ). But then MJ dumped him and his father started putting intense pressure on him by laying all of his hopes on Harry. As a consequence of all this, Harry fell on drugs. Peter, as his roommate luckily soon found out and tried to help Harry as much as he could. The largest battle would be for Harry himself however. Harry went to Detox which healed him physically but left him still psychologically weak. [PAR] Legacy of Death [PAR] After the death of the Green Goblin during a battle against Spider-Man and the discovery of the real identity of Spider-Man , Harry Osborn became totally mad. He decided to follow in the footsteps of his father and become the new Green Goblin. He was defeated by Spider-Man and Harry ended up in a psychiatric hospital. [PAR] Harry would regain his previous life. He met a girl named Liz Allen and she became his girlfriend. After a number of months together, Harry proposed to her and Liz accepted. The married couple where soon joined by a child together, named Norman Osborn Jr, in honor of his seeming dead father. Harry however sometimes had trouble running from the hidous legacy that his father left him as the Green Goblin. He was treated for this by a psychiatrist, but this doctor turned out to be quite insane himself, donning the Green Goblin suit. At first, it was thought that Harry had taken over the identity of his father, but soon it was discovered by Spider-Man that it was in fact Harry\'s own psychiatrist. [PAR] Falling into Madness and Seeming Death [PAR] Harry\'s last moments alive with his best friend [PAR] When Hobgoblin tried to obtain the Green Goblin formula from Harry, Harry decided to again wear the costume of Green Goblin in order to protect his family. But Harry fell into madness and began to attack Spider-Man . During a battle, Harry launched a bomb inside the Osborn Foundation where Norman Osborn Jr and Spider-Man were. Realizing what he had done, Harry regained his sanity and saved everyone including Spider-Man. Harry collapsed dead outside the building, poisoned by the f ormula. He died in the end. [PAR] Brand New Day [PAR] Harry Returned? [PAR] The Brand New Day arc actually resurrected Harry (seemingly to have never died so technically he was not resurrected i guess) he was actually studying abroad and getting his life back in order, or as normal as a millionaire play boy with super powers, and son of insane ex-super villain father with ultimate power and control could. Harry comes back into Peters life seemingly never to have died, recovered from his drug addiction and made amends for his actions as the 2nd Green Goblin. As usual he'}, 'question': {'Harry Osborn is the offsider to which comic book superhero?'}}

['spiderman' 'peter parker' 'spider man']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Australia urged to follow New Zealand\'s lead on flag ...Australia urged to follow New Zealand\'s lead on flag rethink - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) [PAR] Australia urged to follow New Zealand\'s lead on flag rethink [PAR] By political reporter Simon Cullen [PAR] Updated March 11, 2014 19:00:56 [PAR] Map: New Zealand [PAR] New Zealanders are likely to go to the polls to vote on a new flag, in a move that has prompted renewed debate about changing Australia\'s national flag. [PAR] New Zealand prime minister John Key says the existing flag, which features a Union Jack in the corner, is out of date and does not represent the country\'s identity. [PAR] "The design of the New Zealand flag symbolises a colonial and post-colonial era whose time has passed," Mr Key said in a speech today. [PAR] "The flag remains dominated by the Union Jack in a way that we ourselves are no longer dominated by the United Kingdom." [PAR] Mr Key has made no secret of his preference for the Silver Fern, but insists he is willing to consider all options and ideas ahead of a referendum during the next parliamentary term. [PAR] Those pushing for a change to Australia\'s flag believe Mr Key\'s comments will be a boost for the domestic campaign, declaring it would make Australia "look stupid" if the status quo remained. [PAR] Should Australia follow New Zealand\'s lead and consider changing the national flag? Read some of your comments below. [PAR] "(New Zealand) has got this fabulous logo... which they use on their football jerseys - it just gives them an immediate recognition," Ausflag executive director Harold Scruby told ABC News. [PAR] "We go round the world and people ask us what part of Britain we\'re from. Is that a way to market Australia?" [PAR] The similarities between the Australian and New Zealand flags have often led to calls for change. [PAR] On one occasion while travelling overseas, former prime minister Bob Hawke was greeted by the New Zealand flag. [PAR] Mr Key says he is making the comments in the lead-up to the centenary to Anzac not to erase the country\'s past, but to think about New Zealand\'s future. [PAR] "I do not underestimate the significance of the flag to New Zealand\'s servicemen and women and their families, but being respectful of our history does not lock us permanently in the past." [PAR] Canada had also used the Union Jack in some of its previous flags, but in 1965 formally adopted the distinctive maple leaf design. [PAR] Mr Scruby says one of the difficulties in changing the Australian flag is that there is no consensus on what the new one should look like.\xa0 [PAR] "We get split amongst designs like the kangaroo, the Southern Cross, Uluru, even the Aboriginal flag - and that\'s going to be the hard part," he said. [PAR] Mr Scruby also says Australians are typically conservative when it comes to change, although he adds that adopting a new flag does not mean having to ditch the monarchy. [PAR] The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge are due to visit New Zealand and Australia next month.[DOC] [TLE] Flags | Ministry for Culture and HeritageFlags | Ministry for Culture and Heritage [PAR] Get the full story [PAR] Flags [PAR] The New Zealand Flag is New Zealand’s national symbol. Its royal blue background is reminiscent of the blue sea and sky surrounding us, and the stars of the Southern Cross signify our place in the South Pacific Ocean. The Union Flag recognises our historical foundations and that New Zealand was once a British colony and dominion. [PAR] The New Zealand Flag [PAR] The New Zealand Flag can be flown any day of the year, especially on days of national commemoration, such as Anzac Day, and other important occasions. [PAR] The New Zealand Flag represents the people of New Zealand and should be treated with respect. To use, display, destroy, or damage the Flag in or within view of a public place with the intention of dishonouring it is an offence. It’s also an offence to place any letter, emblem, or representation on the Flag, unless in some advertising contexts. People who misuse the flag can be prosecuted'}, 'question': {'The flags of Australia and New Zealand feature representations of what?'}}

['southern cross']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Mary Mallon - tititudorancea.netMary Mallon [PAR] Mary Mallon [PAR] "Typhoid Mary" redirects here. For the fictional character, see Typhoid Mary (comics). [PAR] Mary Mallon (September 23, 1869 – November 11, 1938), also known as Typhoid Mary, was the first person in the United States to be identified as a healthy carrier of typhoid fever . Over the course of her career as a cook, she is known to have infected 53 people, three of whom died from the disease. Her notoriety is in part due to her vehement denial of her own role in spreading the disease, together with her refusal to cease working as a cook. She was forcibly quarantined twice by public health authorities and died in quarantine. It is possible that she was born with the disease, as her mother had typhoid fever during her pregnancy. [PAR] Cook [PAR] Mallon was born in 1869 in County Tyrone, Ireland (now Northern Ireland ), and emigrated to the United States in 1884. She worked as a cook in the New York City area from 1900 to 1907. She had been working in a house in Mamaroneck, New York, for less than two weeks when the residents came down with typhoid. She moved to Manhattan in 1901, and members of the family for whom she worked developed fevers and diarrhea and the laundress died. She then went to work for a lawyer until seven of the eight household members developed typhoid; Mary spent months helping to care for the people she made sick, but her care further spread the disease through the household. In 1906, she took a position in Long Island ; within two weeks, six out of eleven family members were hospitalized with typhoid. She changed employment again and three more households were infected. [PAR] People catch typhoid fever after ingesting food or water that has been contaminated during handling by a human carrier. The human carrier is usually a healthy person who has survived a previous episode of typhoid fever but in whom the typhoid bacteria have been able to survive without causing further symptoms. Carriers continue to excrete the bacteria in their feces and urine . It takes vigorous scrubbing and thorough disinfection with soap and hot water to remove the bacteria from the hands. [PAR] When typhoid researcher George Soper approached Mallon with the news she was possibly spreading typhoid, she adamantly rejected his request for urine and stool samples to ascertain whether she was a typhoid carrier. Soper left and later published his findings in the June 15, 1906, issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. On his next contact with her, he brought a doctor with him, but was turned away again. Mallon\'s denials that she was a carrier were based in part on the diagnosis of a reputable chemist who had found she was not harboring the bacteria. It is possible she was in temporary remission when tested. Moreover, when Soper first told her she was a carrier, the concept that a person could spread disease and remain healthy was not well known. What is more, Soper may have been somewhat tactless with her; class prejudice and prejudice towards the Irish were very strong, as was a lingering belief that dirty, slum -dwelling immigrants were a major cause of epidemics. During a later encounter in the hospital, he told Mary that he would write a book about her and give her all the royalties; she angrily rejected his proposal and locked herself in the lavatory until he left. [PAR] Quarantine [PAR] The New York City Health Department sent Dr. Sara Josephine Baker to talk to Mary, but "by that time she was convinced that the law was wantonly persecuting her when she had done nothing wrong." A few days later, Baker arrived at Mary\'s place of work with several police officers and took her into custody. The New York City health inspector investigated and found her to be a carrier. Under powers granted by sections 1169 and 1170 of the Greater New York Charter, Mallon was held in isolation for three years at a hospital located on North Brother Island. Eventually, a new health commissioner decided that Mallon could be freed from quarantine if she agreed to no longer work as a cook and to take reasonable steps to prevent transmitting typhoid to'}, 'question': {'What nickname was given to Mary Mallon, who infected a known 53 people working as a cook in New York and, in 1907, was the first healthy typhoid carrier to be identified?'}}

['mary mallon' 'typhoid mary']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Crusades | ClassleCrusades | Classle [PAR] Crusades [PAR] Posted: [PAR] 7 years 12 weeks ago [PAR] Crusades The Crusades were a series of religiously-sanctioned military campaigns waged by much of Latin Christian Europe, particularly the Franks of France and the Holy Roman Empire. The specific crusades to restore Christian control of the Holy Land were fought over a period of nearly 200 years, between 1095 and 1291. Other campaigns in Spain and Eastern Europe continued into the 15th century. The Crusades were fought mainly against Muslims, although campaigns were also waged against pagan... [PAR] All terms:[DOC] [TLE] The Crusades - Timeline IndexThe Crusades - Timeline Index [PAR] Timeline Index [PAR] 1095 - 1291 [PAR] 196 years [PAR] The Crusades [PAR] The Crusades were a series of religiously-sanctioned military campaigns waged by much of Latin Christian Europe, particularly the Franks of France and the Holy Roman Empire. The specific crusades to restore Christian control of the Holy Land were fought over a period of nearly 200 years, between 1095 and 1291. Other campaigns in Spain and Eastern Europe continued into the 15th century. The Crusades were fought mainly against Muslims, although campaigns were also waged against pagan Slavs, Jews, Russian and Greek Orthodox Christians, Mongols, Cathars, Hussites, Waldensians, Old Prussians, and political enemies of the popes. Crusaders took vows and were granted penance for past sins, often called an indulgence. The Crusades originally had the goal of recapturing Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslim rule and were launched in response to a call from the Christian Byzantine Empire for help against the expansion of the Muslim Seljuk Turks into Anatolia. [PAR] More on this Website[DOC] [TLE] Crusades - History on DocuWatch - free streaming documentariesCrusades - History on DocuWatch - free streaming documentaries [PAR] Crusades [PAR] Episode One [PAR] The Crusades were a series of religiously sanctioned military campaigns waged by much of Latin Christian Europe, particularly the Franks of France and the Holy Roman Empire. The specific crusades to restore Christian control of the Holy Land were fought over a period of nearly 200 years, between 1095 and 1291. Other campaigns in Spain and Eastern Europe continued into the 15th century. The Crusades were fought mainly against Muslims, although campaigns were also waged against pagan Slavs, pagan Balts, Jews, Russian and Greek Orthodox Christians, Mongols, Cathars, Hussites, Waldensians, Old Prussians, and political enemies of the popes. Crusaders took vows and were granted penance for past sins, often called an indulgence. [PAR] The Crusades originally had the goal of recapturing Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslim rule and were launched in response to a call from the Christian Byzantine Empire for help against the expansion of the Muslim Seljuk Turks into Anatolia. The term is also used to describe contemporaneous and subsequent campaigns conducted through to the 16th century in territories outside the Levant usually against pagans, heretics, and peoples under the ban of excommunication for a mixture of religious, economic, and political reasons. Rivalries among both Christian and Muslim powers led also to alliances between religious factions against their opponents, such as the Christian alliance with the Sultanate of Rum during the Fifth Crusade. [PAR] The Crusades had far-reaching political, economic, and social impacts, some of which have lasted into contemporary times. Because of internal conflicts among Christian kingdoms and political powers, some of the crusade expeditions were diverted from their original aim, such as the Fourth Crusade, which resulted in the sack of Christian Constantinople and the partition of the Byzantine Empire between Venice and the Crusaders. The Sixth Crusade was the first crusade to set sail without the official blessing of the Pope. The Seventh, Eighth and Ninth Crusades resulted in Mamluk and Hafsid victories, as the Ninth Crusade marked the end of the Crusades in the Middle East. [PAR] \xa0\xa0Show less[DOC] [TLE] The Crusades 1000 - 1400 AD - The Age of Chivalry - The St ...The Crusades 1000 - 1400 AD - The Age of Chivalry - The St. Petersburg Collection® AeroArt [PAR] The Age of Chivalry [PAR] The Crusades 1000 - 1400 AD [PAR] The Crusades 1000 - 1400 AD [PAR] Additional Categories [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] The Crusades 1000 - 1400 AD [PAR] The Crusades were a series of religiously-sanctioned military campaigns waged by much of Latin Christian Europe, particularly the Franks'}, 'question': {'What was the name of the series of religiously sanctioned military campaigns between 1095 and 1291 waged by much of Latin Christian Europe to restore Christian control of the Holy Land?'}}

['crusaders' 'crusades']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Valerie AdamsValerie Kasanita Adams (formerly known as Valerie Vili), ONZM (born 6 October 1984) is a New Zealand shot putter. She is a four-time World champion, three time World Indoor champion, two-time Olympic and three-time Commonwealth champion. She currently holds the New Zealand, Oceanian, Commonwealth and equal World Championship records with a personal best throw of 21.24\xa0metres. [PAR] Adams is one of only nine athletes (along with Usain Bolt, Veronica Campbell-Brown, Jacques Freitag, Yelena Isinbayeva, Kirani James, Jana Pittman, Dani Samuels, and David Storl) to win world championships at the youth, junior, and senior level of an athletic event. She is the first woman to win four consecutive individual titles at the world track and field championships. [PAR] Career [PAR] In 1998 Adams met former javelin thrower Kirsten Hellier, who would become her coach for the next 11 years. [PAR] Adams first came to prominence when winning the World Youth Championships in 2001, with a throw of 16.87 m. She followed this up in 2002 by becoming World Junior champion, throwing 17.73 m, and had her first taste of senior success winning a silver medal at the Commonwealth Games with 17.45 m. [PAR] She finished fifth at the 2003 World Championships at eighteen years of age. At her first Olympics in 2004, Adams finished seventh, while still recovering from an appendectomy she had just weeks before the competition. [PAR] The following year, Adams earned a place in the international elite, winning the bronze medal at the World Championships with a personal best throw of 19.87\xa0m, The winner was Nadzeya Ostapchuk, but in 2013 the IAAF revealed that Ostapchuk's drug test sample from that event had been retested and found to be positive. Adams originally finished second at the World Athletics Final in 2005, but was promoted to gold after Ostapchuk's results were annulled. At the 2006 Commonwealth Games the 1.93 m-tall athlete won the gold medal, breaking the 20-year-old Commonwealth Games record of 19.00\xa0m with a throw of 19.66\xa0m. [PAR] In 2007, Adams went to the Osaka World Championships as a favourite to take a medal due to her being one of only three women to throw over 20\xa0m before the championships. In qualifying, Adams led the field with a throw of 19.45\xa0m. Adams held second place behind Nadzeya Ostapchuk throughout the final, but responded well in the last round with a mammoth throw and Commonwealth record of 20.54\xa0m to take the gold. This made Adams one of few female athletes ever to take IAAF World Titles at youth, junior and senior level. [PAR] In 2008 Adams broke the Oceania record in winning her first World Indoor Title in Valencia (20.19\xa0m). At the Beijing Olympics, she qualified for the final with the longest distance thrown, 19.73 meters, on her first attempt. She won the gold with a throw of 20.56\xa0m, a personal best, beating Belarusian thrower Natallia Mikhnevich. It is the first Olympic gold medal in track and field for New Zealand since John Walker won the 1,500 meter race in 1976. She also won the New Zealand Sports Award of the year in 2008. [PAR] At the 2009 Grande Prêmio Rio in Brazil Adams won the competition with a new personal best and Oceanian area record of 20.69\xa0m. The throw was also the world leading distance for the event. In August, Adams won at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics in Berlin with a throw of 20.44 meters, ahead of the German Nadine Kleinert and Lijiao Gong of China. [PAR] At the 2010 IAAF World Indoor Championships she was defeated by Nadzeya Ostapchuk by a large margin, in spite of the New Zealander setting a continental record of 20.49\xa0m. Adams announced on 28 March 2010 that she would no longer be coached by Kirsten Hellier after an 11-year partnership. In April 2010 she announced her new coach was Didier Poppe. She was consistently beaten by Nadzeya Ostapchuk in the big meetings that season. She set a meeting record and season's best of 20.37\xa0m at the Athletics Bridge meet in Slovakia, later saying that a change in her technique that April had"}, 'question': {"What is Valerie Adams's profession?"}}

['athletes' 'athlete']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Chief Sitting Bull | Little Big Horn - American Indian ChiefChief Sitting Bull | Little Big Horn [PAR] Chief Sitting Bull [PAR] Chief Sitting Bull [PAR] Sitting Bull was born in what is now known as South Dakota in 1831 and joined his first war party at the age of 14. His father was a revered Sioux warrior named Returns-Again and from childhood Sitting Bull sought to live up to his father’s reputation. [PAR] While he was considered “slow” at a young age, Sitting Bull killed his first buffalo at only 10-years-old and fought bravely in a war against a rival clan at the age of 14. [PAR] Sitting-Bull grew into adulthood in a world where his very way of life was being threatened by encroaching American settlement. In 1863, Sitting Bull fought American soldiers for the first time. One year later, he would lead another campaign against U.S. troops and his attack on Fort Rice in 1865 led to his being named Chief Sitting Bull of the Lakota nation in 1868. To this day he is arguably the most revered of all Native American Chiefs in recorded history. [PAR] When gold was discovered on Sioux land, the U.S. government tabled a treaty with the tribe and allowed settlers to rush into Sioux territory. To make matters worse for the tribe, the government declared war on any Sioux who tried to prevent prospectors from taking over the land. [PAR] Chief Sitting Bull refused to abide by the conditions, vowing to protect his land as well as his people. During a Sun Dance Ceremony on the Little Bighorn River, it is said Sitting Bull danced for 36 hours straight and had a vision of his people defeating the American army. He shared the vision with his people. [PAR] Just a week later Chief Sitting Bull went up against General Custer in the epic Battle at Little Bighorn, laying waste to the general and more than 200 of his men. Humiliated by the defeat, the American government went after Sitting Bull with renowned vigor, and larger numbers. [PAR] Chief Sitting Bull was forced to lead his people to Canada, where they laid low for four years.He returned to Dakota territory in 1881 and was held as a prisoner for about two years. [PAR] In 1885, Sitting Bull joined Buffalo Bill Cody’s Wild West Show on the recommendation of his friend, sharpshooter Annie Oakley. The Sioux leader made a lot of money traveling with the show, but didn’t enjoy the performances or the way he was treated by some audience members. [PAR] Sitting Bull decided to return to Dakota Territory and live among his people. He moved to a cabin by the Grand River near the place of his birth and lived his life on his own terms, rejecting Christianity and honoring Sioux traditions. [PAR] In 1890, authorities ordered a group of police officers to arrest Sitting Bull based on his involvement with a group of Native Americans known as Ghost Dancers, who they believed were going to flee the reservation. [PAR] Roughly 39 police officers and a few volunteers surrounded the chief’s cabin. Sitting bull was arrested and led outside his cabin – but refused to mount a horse as ordered. When police used force, the other Sioux in the village grew enraged and one opened fire on police, who in turn shot Sitting Bull in the chest and head. [PAR] \xa0[DOC] [TLE] Sitting Bull | Sioux chief | Britannica.comSitting Bull | Sioux chief | Britannica.com [PAR] Sitting Bull [PAR] Spotted Tail [PAR] Sitting Bull, Indian name Tatanka Iyotake (born c. 1831, near Grand River, Dakota Territory [now in South Dakota], U.S.—died December 15, 1890, on the Grand River in South Dakota ), Teton Dakota Indian chief under whom the Sioux tribes united in their struggle for survival on the North American Great Plains . He is remembered for his lifelong distrust of white men and his stubborn determination to resist their domination. [PAR] Sitting Bull. [PAR] O.S. Goff—Hulton Archive/Getty Images [PAR] Sitting Bull was born into the Hunkpapa division of the Teton Sioux. He joined his first war party at age 14 and soon gained a reputation for fearlessness in battle. He became a leader of the powerful Strong Heart warrior society and, later, was a participant in the Silent Eaters,'}, 'question': {'Sitting Bull was chief of what group?'}}

['sioux']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] The Passion of the Christ (2004) - Rotten TomatoesSuper Reviewer [PAR] ½ [PAR] Criative and the best work by Mel Gibson in direction. We could see that the actors, and Gibson and Fitzgerald are a moving and an unique portrait of Jesus Christ. I understand and support the criative expression of filmmakers, after all, it's the seventh art, I also understand, what Gibson try recreate and show to the audience. But when, he show Passion's message, all the gore violence obscure Jesus' last hours and Mel's attempt of evangelize flaw. The Passion of the Christ, it's one of the most controversal and hard-to-watch movie that I ever saw. Rotten. [PAR] Lucas Martins [PAR] Super Reviewer [PAR] ½ [PAR] [img]http://images.rottentomatoes.com/images/user/icons/icon14.gif[/img] Mel Gibson is an amazing film maker, his direction and visual style is breathtakingly realistic but surprisingly he doesn't offer any primary lessons to this narratively flimsy but strangely overwhelming story. What disturbs me the most about Passion of The Christ, other than the fact it's one of the most violent films i've ever seen and the subject matter at hand, is that I actually quite enjoyed it. From the technical side of things, it's breathtaking. The most being the incredibly done cinematography and Jim Caviezel's inspirational performance as the titiluar messiah. Jesus' torture I suspect will be difficult for some to digest but it is often exploitive to the audience as much as Christ. Due in most part to the fact it's a religious figure being tortured, and expecting us to know the back story already to establish an emotional connection without being given a character insight pre to the gory exploitation sequences. However even though the film has unbelievably very little substance, maybe it leaves the moral for us as an audience to decide, and I stand by my own opinion that it's a film about ambition and hope. [PAR] Directors Cat [PAR] Super Reviewer [PAR] Passion of the Christ is actually an average film with good acting. I enjoyed the film, but didn't think it was a masterpiece. Jim Caviezel portrays Jesus Christ, and gives us a great performance. However the film is very violent as it shows the final hours in the life of Jesus Christ.. Compared to Gibson's Braveheart, The Passion of the Christ, this film is not as great as that one. Passion of the Christ plays out like a two hours torture flick more than anything. The film doesn't offer anything new in terms of telling is Jesus Christ's final hours, as we've all heard what happened a million time over. The cast do a great job, and the film is harrowing and difficult to watch. I liked the film, but I don't see it as a flawless film like so many people have seen this. The Passion of the Christ is a good film, but I felt that it was a hard film to watch because of the graphic violence. Despite my opinions on this film, I thought this was a well acted and directed film. For those looking for a good historical film, then this is your film. Passion of the Christ is a hard film to watch that is brilliantly acted, but as a whole, it didn't really stand out as an epic film. The film is worth watching, but like I previously stated, is one that will make you feel uncomfortable due to how violent it is. Not one of Mel Gibson's best films, but definitely not his worst, Passion of the Christ is a film that will have an effect on you no matter what religious convictions you have. [PAR] Alex roy[DOC] [TLE] Jim Caviezel claims The Passion of the Christ made him a ...Jim Caviezel claims The Passion of the Christ made him a Hollywood outcast | Film | The Guardian [PAR] Movies [PAR] Jim Caviezel claims The Passion of the Christ made him a Hollywood outcast [PAR] The actor who played Jesus in Mel Gibson's 2004 film says he has been shunned by film industry since taking the role [PAR] Jim Caviezel (right) says he has struggled to work in Hollywood since starring in Mel Gibson's The Passion of the Christ"}, 'question': {'"Who played the title role in the 2004 film ""The Passion of Christ""?"'}}

['jim caviezel']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] The Cambridge spy ring - BBC NEWSBBC NEWS | Special Report | 1999 | 09/99 | Britain betrayed | The Cambridge spy ring [PAR] Monday, 13 September, 1999, 15:07 GMT 16:07 UK [PAR] The Cambridge spy ring [PAR] Guy Burgess (right) fled to Moscow [PAR] In the 1930s a number of young men at Cambridge University were recruited as Soviet spies. They became known by the KGB as the \'magnificent five\' but were better known in Britain as the Cambridge spy ring. [PAR] They were not motivated by financial gain but by the belief that capitalism was corrupt and that the Soviet Union offered a better model for society. [PAR] The Cambridge spy ring was informally led by Harold \'Kim\' Philby. He and his friends later moved into jobs in British Intelligence and the Foreign Office where they had access to top secret information. They spent their working lives passing valuable information to the Soviet Union. [PAR] Kim Philby was head of anti-Communist counter-espionage [PAR] Kim Philby (1912-1988) worked for British Intelligence from 1944-46 as head of anti-Communist counter-espionage. He also became secretary of the British embassy in Washington and worked with the CIA from 1949-1951. He later worked as a journalist in Beirut and in 1963 disappeared. It was later discovered he had moved to Russia where he had been granted citizenship. [PAR] Guy Burgess (1910-63) worked for the BBC from 1936-1939 and 1941-44. While working for the BBC in the 1940s he was also employed by MI5. Later moving to the Foreign Office he became a secretary under Kim Philby in Washington in 1950. Burgess was recalled from the US in 1950 for \'serious misconduct\' and subsequently he and fellow spy Donald Maclean disappeared. They emerged in the Soviet Union a few years later. Burgess eventually died in Moscow. [PAR] Donald Maclean was warned by Philby that he was under suspicion [PAR] After his years at Cambridge Donald Maclean (1913-1983) joined the diplomatic service. In 1950 he became head of the American Department at the Foreign Office where he had access to top secret information on atomic development. Maclean was warned by Philby that he was under suspicion and he subsequently disappeared with Guy Burgess. He re-appeared in Russia in 1956. In 1979 it was revealed that he had escaped with the help of fellow spy Anthony Blunt. [PAR] Anthony Blunt was publicly revealed to be a Soviet spy in 1979 [PAR] Anthony Blunt (1907-1983) acted as a talent scout supplying the names of possible recruits to the communist cause. During World War II he worked for British Intelligence. After the defection of Kim Philby in 1964 Blunt confessed his involvement in exchange for immunity from prosecution, but his role was not made public until 1979. [PAR] Also an art historian, Blunt continued in his role as surveyor of the Queen\'s pictures and Director of the Courtauld Institute of Art. When his full role the "fourth man" of the Cambridge spy ring was revealed in 1979 he was stripped of his knighthood and academic honours. [PAR] The identity of the mysterious fifth man that intelligence experts had suspected to be part of the spy ring was revealed in 1990. [PAR] John Cairncross leaked information about Bletchley Park [PAR] John Cairncross was spotted by Anthony Blunt at Cambridge and introduced to Guy Burgess. He was recruited to the Communist party in 1937 and worked in the Foreign Office alongside Donald Maclean. [PAR] While working at the Treasury he was able to leak details about the military decoding centre, Bletchley Park. Cairncross\' information enabled Soviet spies to change their codes as British Intelligence were about to crack them. [PAR] His information about British and American atomic weapons programmes are thought to have been the foundation of the Soviet nuclear programme. [PAR] \xa0WATCH/LISTEN[DOC] [TLE] The Cambridge Spy Ring - SpyMuseum.comThe Cambridge Spy Ring – SpyMuseum.com – the #1 Resource for Espionage on the web [PAR] Spycraft\xa0 [PAR] The Cambridge Spy Ring [PAR] Perhaps the most famous and romanticized spy ring, the Cambridge Five caused severe damage to the United States and Britain, both in terms of the depth and value of the intelligence that was compromised and with devastating blows to the'}, 'question': {'"Who was ""the fourth man"" in the Cambridge spy ring, whose name was not publicly known until 1979?"'}}

['anthony blunt']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Lily AllenLily Rose Beatrice Cooper (née Allen; born 2 May 1985), known professionally as Lily Allen, is an English singer, songwriter, actress, and television presenter. She is the daughter of Keith Allen and film producer Alison Owen. Allen left school when she was 15 and concentrated on improving her performing and compositional skills. In 2005, she made some of her recordings public on Myspace and the publicity resulted in airplay on BBC Radio 1 and a contract with Regal Recordings. [PAR] Her first mainstream single, "Smile", reached number one on the UK Singles Chart in July 2006. Her debut record, Alright, Still, was well received, selling over 2.6\xa0million copies worldwide and brought Allen a nomination at the Grammy Awards, Brit Awards and MTV Video Music Awards. She began hosting her own talk-show, Lily Allen and Friends, on BBC Three. [PAR] Her second studio album, It\'s Not Me, It\'s You, saw a genre shift, having more of an electropop feel, rather than the ska and reggae influences of the first one. The album debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and the Australian ARIA Charts and was well received by critics, noting the singer\'s musical evolution and maturity. It spawned the hit singles "The Fear" and "Fuck You". This success saw her receive the Brit Award for British Female Solo Artist at the 2010 Brit Awards. Allen and Amy Winehouse were credited with starting a process that led to the "year of the women" media label in 2009 that saw five female artists making music of "experimentalism and fearlessness" nominated for the Mercury Prize. [PAR] In 2009, Allen announced that she would be taking a hiatus from musical activities. In 2011, she launched her own record label. In 2013, Allen revealed that she had begun working on her third studio album, which was later titled Sheezus. On 12 November 2013, Allen premiered the video for her first original song since 2009, "Hard out Here", which was released as a single five days later. [PAR] Early life [PAR] Allen was born in Hammersmith, west London, daughter of Keith Allen, a Welsh-born comedian, and film producer Alison Owen. She has an older sister, Sarah; a younger brother, actor Alfie (who was the subject of her song "Alfie"); and a younger sister, Rebecca. She is the goddaughter of Wild Colonials vocalist Angela McCluskey. [PAR] At age three Allen appeared on The Comic Strip Presents... episode "The Yob", which her father had co-written. When she was four, her father left the family. During her early childhood, Allen lived with her family on a council estate. [PAR] They later settled in Islington. For a time, the family lived with comedian Harry Enfield while her mother dated him. The Clash singer and guitarist Joe Strummer was close to Allen. [PAR] She attended 13 schools in all, including Prince Charles\'s junior alma mater, Hill House School, Millfield, Bedales School and was expelled from several of them for drinking and smoking. When Allen was 11, former University of Victoria music student Rachel Santesso overheard Allen singing "Wonderwall" by Oasis in the school\'s playground; impressed, Santesso, who later became an award-winning soprano and composer, called Allen into her office the next day and started giving her lunchtime singing lessons. This led to Allen singing "Baby Mine" from Disney\'s Dumbo at a school concert. [PAR] Allen told Loveline that the audience was "brought to tears at the sight of a troubled young girl doing something good". At that point Allen said she knew that music was something she needed to do either as a lifelong vocation or to get it out of her system. She played piano to grade 5 standard and achieved Grade 8 in singing. She played violin, guitar and trumpet and was a member of a chamber choir. Her first solo was "In the Bleak Midwinter". She appeared as a lady-in-waiting in the 1998 film Elizabeth, which'}, 'question': {"What was the title of Lily Allen's first full single release?"}}

['smile']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Fleetwood Mac - Tusk [Full Album] - YouTubeFleetwood Mac - Tusk [Full Album] - YouTube [PAR] Fleetwood Mac - Tusk [Full Album] [PAR] Want to watch this again later? [PAR] Sign in to add this video to a playlist. [PAR] Need to report the video? [PAR] Sign in to report inappropriate content. [PAR] Rating is available when the video has been rented. [PAR] This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. [PAR] Published on Apr 6, 2012 [PAR] Tusk is the 12th album by the British/American rock band Fleetwood Mac. Released in 1979, it is considered experimental, primarily due to Lindsey Buckingham\'s sparser songwriting arrangements and the influence of punk rock and New Wave on his production techniques. Bassist John McVie has commented that the album sounds like "the work of three solo artists" (Buckingham, Stevie Nicks and Christine McVie), whilst Mick Fleetwood later proclaimed that it is his favourite and the best Fleetwood Mac studio album created by the group. Costing over one million dollars to record (a fact widely noted in the 1979 press), it was the most expensive rock album made up to that point. [PAR] Tusk peaked at #4 in the US and was certified double platinum for shipping two million copies.[5] It peaked at #1 in the UK and achieved a Platinum award for shipments in excess of 300,000 copies[6]. The album gave the group two US top-ten hit singles, with the Buckingham-penned title track (US #8/UK #6), and the Stevie Nicks composition "Sara" (US #7/UK #37). Further releases from the album, "Not That Funny" (UK only single release), "Think About Me" and "Sisters of the Moon" were less successful; however, the latter two appear in their \'single versions\' on the 2002 compilation The Very Best of Fleetwood Mac. "Sara" was cut to 4½ minutes for both the single and the first CD release of the album, but the unedited version has since been restored on the 1988 Greatest Hits compilation and the 2004 reissue of Tusk as well as Fleetwood Mac\'s 2002 release of The Very Best of Fleetwood Mac. Original guitarist Peter Green also took part in the sessions for Tusk, but his playing on the Christine McVie track "Brown Eyes" is not credited on the album.[7] [PAR] Though the album sold four million copies worldwide, in comparison to the huge sales of Rumours and the unprecedented recording expense, the band\'s record label deemed the project a failure, laying the blame squarely with Buckingham himself.[citation needed] Fleetwood, however, blames the album\'s relative failure on the RKO radio chain playing the album in its entirety prior to release, thus allowing mass home taping.[8] In addition, Tusk was a double album, with a high list price of $15.98. [PAR] The band embarked on a huge 18-month tour to promote Tusk. They travelled extensively across the world, including the USA, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, France, Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. In Germany they shared the bill with reggae superstar Bob Marley. It was on this world tour that the band recorded music for the Fleetwood Mac Live album, which was released at the end of 1980. [PAR] Category[DOC] [TLE] Fleetwood Mac\'s 25 Greatest Tracks - Metro WeeklyFleetwood Mac\'s 25 Greatest Tracks - Metro Weekly [PAR] 3 comments [PAR] Fleetwood Mac is back, and in a big way. Christine McVie has returned to the line-up for the first time since the band’s 1997 reunion, which culminated in the brilliant and massively successful live CD and DVD The Dance. The band has toured in recent years without McVie, but it never seemed complete – Christine McVie’s presence is crucial to the overall sound of Fleetwood Mac. The legendary super-group is currently on tour, and they will hit Washington, D.C. and the Verizon Center this coming Friday, Halloween night (perhaps the Welsh witch from “Rhiannon” will make an appearance). With the show on the horizon, it seems a good time to look back at some of the finest tracks of the band’s'}, 'question': {'"The single ""Sara"" was from Fleetwood Mac\'s 12th studio album (that followed the album ""Rumours""), released in 1979. What was the album?"'}}

['tusk']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Alamo | monument, San Antonio, Texas, United States ...Alamo | monument, San Antonio, Texas, United States | Britannica.com [PAR] monument, San Antonio, Texas, United States [PAR] Written By: [PAR] Alamo, ( Spanish: “Cottonwood”) 18th-century Franciscan mission in San Antonio , Texas , U.S., that was the site of a historic resistance effort by a small group of determined fighters for Texan independence (1836) from Mexico . [PAR] The Alamo, San Antonio, Texas. [PAR] © D. Boone/Corbis [PAR] The building was originally the chapel of the Mission San Antonio de Valero , which had been founded between 1716 and 1718 by Franciscans . Before the end of the century, the mission had been abandoned and the buildings fell into partial ruin. After 1801 the chapel was occupied sporadically by Spanish troops. Apparently, it was during that period that the old chapel became popularly known as “the Alamo” because of the grove of cottonwood trees in which it stood. [PAR] Interior of the Alamo, San Antonio, Texas. [PAR] © cbphoto/Fotolia [PAR] Interior view of the Alamo, San Antonio, Texas. [PAR] © Photos.com/Thinkstock [PAR] In December 1835, at the opening of the Texas Revolution (War of Texas Independence), a detachment of Texan volunteers, many of whom were recent arrivals from the United States , drove a Mexican force from San Antonio and occupied the Alamo. Some Texan leaders—including Sam Houston , who had been named commanding general of the Texas army the month before—counseled the abandonment of San Antonio as impossible to defend with the small body of troops available, but the rugged bunch of volunteers at the Alamo refused to retire from their exposed position. On February 23, 1836, a Mexican army, variously estimated at 1,800 to 6,000 men and commanded by General Antonio López de Santa Anna , arrived from south of the Rio Grande and immediately began a siege of the Alamo . Estimates of the size of the small defending force (including some later arrivals) usually vary between 183 and 189 men, though some historians believe that figure may have been larger. That force was commanded by Colonels James Bowie and William B. Travis and included the renowned frontiersman Davy Crockett . At the beginning of the siege, Travis dispatched “To the People of Texas & all Americans in the world” an impassioned letter requesting support. For 13 days the Alamo’s defenders held out, but on the morning of March 6 the Mexicans stormed through a breach in the outer wall of the courtyard and overwhelmed the Texan forces. Santa Anna had ordered that no prisoners be taken, and virtually all the defenders were slain (only about 15 persons, mostly women and children, were spared). The Mexicans suffered heavy casualties as well; credible reports suggest between 600 and 1,600 were killed and perhaps 300 were wounded. [PAR] Battle of the Alamo, colour print by Percy Morgan, c. 1912. [PAR] Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (Digital file no. cph 3g02133) [PAR] Battle of the Alamo (1836). [PAR] Texas: An Epitome of Texas History from the Filibustering and Revolutionary Eras to the Independence of the Republic, by William H. Brooker, 1897. [PAR] Britannica Stories [PAR] Methane Surge Worries Scientists [PAR] Although the Texan defenders suffered defeat, the siege at the Alamo became for Texans a symbol of heroic resistance. On April 21, 1836, when Houston and a force of some 900 men routed 1,200–1,300 Mexicans under Santa Anna at the Battle of San Jacinto , the Texan forces shouted, “Remember the Alamo!” That popularized battle cry later was used by U.S. soldiers in the Mexican-American War (1846–48). [PAR] An overview of the siege of the Alamo. [PAR] Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. [PAR] For many years after 1845—the year that Texas was annexed by the United States—the Alamo was used by the U.S. Army for quartering troops and storing supplies. In 1883 the state of Texas purchased the Alamo, and in 1903 it acquired the title to the remainder of the old mission grounds. The Alamo and its adjacent buildings have been restored and are maintained as a state historic site. They are managed on a daily'}, 'question': {'In which US state did the siege of the Alamo take place?'}}

['texas' 'lone star state']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Annie Leibovitz Celebrity Photography - Learn Photography ...Annie Leibovitz Celebrity Photography - Learn Photography Techniques from Professional Photographers [PAR] Annie Leibovitz Celebrity Photography [PAR] written by: Mayflor Markusic•edited by: Rhonda Callow •updated: 5/17/2010 [PAR] Annie Leibovitz is one of the most famous and most controversial photographers of the 20th century. She has ardent followers and passionate critics. If you were in her shoes, would you take the path laid before her? [PAR] slide 1 of 3 [PAR] About Annie Leibovitz [PAR] Born on October 2, 1949, in Waterbury, Connecticut, Anna-Lou Leibovitz was the third of the six children of a dance instructor (Marilyn), and a US Air Force lieutenant (Sam). Due to her father’s duty assignments, Anna-Lou or Annie and her family moved frequently. When her father was assigned to the Philippines, Annie took an interest in photography. When the family moved to Israel, Annie explored other artistic pursuits including painting and writing dramatic plays. Then, in 1967, she studied at the San Francisco Art Institute to develop her painting abilities. What developed, however, was her original attraction for photography. Bringing a thin but impressive portfolio, she applied for the position of staff photographer for Rolling Stone, a relatively new music magazine. Her assignment that became critical to her career was to take a picture of John Lennon. The celebrate Beatle agreed to be shot nude but his wife, Yoko Ono, would only take off her blouse. Annie Leibovitz instantly decided that Ono should keep all her clothes on and Lennon stay naked. The Rolling Stones editor wanted to cut the picture to remove Ono but Annie insisted that both of her subjects should be on the magazine cover. The next day, the Lennon picture by Annie Leibovitz became one of the most famous photos of the Rolling Stone magazine because, five hours after Leibovitz photographed Lennon, the singer was shot and killed. [PAR] (Click on image for a larger view) [PAR] \xa0[DOC] [TLE] Annie Leibovitz: Life Through a Lens - American Masters | PBSAnnie Leibovitz | Life Through A Lens | American Masters | PBS [PAR] Life Through A Lens [PAR] Annie Leibovitz: Life Through a Lens [PAR] Life Through A Lens [PAR] October 27, 2008 [PAR] 0 SHARES [PAR] Born in 1949 in Waterbury, Connecticut, Annie Leibovitz enrolled in the San Francisco Art Institute intent on studying painting. It was not until she traveled to Japan with her mother the summer after her sophomore year that she discovered her interest in taking photographs. When she returned to San Francisco that fall, she began taking night classes in photography. Time spent on a kibbutz in Israel allowed her to hone her skills further. [PAR] In 1970 Leibovitz approached Jann Wenner, founding editor of Rolling Stone, which he’d recently launched and was operating out of San Francisco. Impressed with her portfolio, Wenner gave Leibovitz her first assignment: shoot John Lennon. Leibovitz’s black-and-white portrait of the shaggy-looking Beatle graced the cover of the January 21, 1971 issue. Two years later she was named Rolling Stone chief photographer. [PAR] When the magazine began printing in color in 1974, Leibovitz followed suit. “In school, I wasn’t taught anything about lighting, and I was only taught black-and-white,” she told ARTnews in 1992. “So I had to learn color myself.” Among her subjects from that period are Bob Dylan, Bob Marley, and Patti Smith. Leibovitz also served as the official photographer for the Rolling Stones’ 1975 world tour. While on the road with the band she produced her iconic black-and-white portraits of Keith Richards and Mick Jagger, shirtless and gritty. [PAR] In 1980 Rolling Stone sent Leibovitz to photograph John Lennon and Yoko Ono, who had recently released their album “Double Fantasy.” For the portrait Leibovitz imagined that the two would pose together nude. Lennon disrobed, but Ono refused to take off her pants. Leibovitz “was kinda disappointed,” according to Rolling Stone, and so she told Ono to leave her clothes on. “We took one Polaroid,” said Leibovitz, “and the three of us knew it was profound right away.”'}, 'question': {'Annie Leibovitz is famous as what?'}}

['photographer']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Cincinnati on Pinterest | Ohio, Ohio River and Cincinnati Reds1000+ images about Cincinnati on Pinterest | Cincinnati reds, West virginia tourism and Opening day [PAR] Carew Tower is the second tallest building in Cincinnati, Ohio. Completed in 1930, it stands 49 stories tall in the heart of downtown, overlooking the Ohio River waterfront, and is a National Historic Landmark. [PAR] See More[DOC] [TLE] Hotels and Places to Stay Near RGI River Run | Cincinnati USAHotels and Places to Stay Near RGI River Run | Cincinnati USA [PAR] Downtown [PAR] Approximately 0.19 miles from from RGI River Run [PAR] Book boutique accommodations at Residence Inn Cincinnati Downtown, housed in the historic Phelps Building in the heart of the city. Offering an easy commute to top... Read more [PAR] Book boutique accommodations at Residence Inn Cincinnati Downtown, housed in the historic Phelps Building in the heart of the city. Offering an easy commute to top destinations for business and pleasure, we are just minutes from many Fortune 500 companies as well as the Great American Tower at Queen City Square, Great American Ballpark, Jack Casino Cincinnati, Taft Museum, The Banks development... Read More [PAR] South , Riverfront [PAR] Approximately 0.61 miles from from RGI River Run [PAR] This lovely, historic Queen Ann home was built in 1880 in Newport's prestigious Mansion Hill Neighborhood. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places, Taylor... Read more [PAR] This lovely, historic Queen Ann home was built in 1880 in Newport's prestigious Mansion Hill Neighborhood. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places, Taylor Garden has all the charm of yesterday, blended with the modern conveniences of today. Located across the river from downtown Cincinnati, you will be pampered in style with a divine English Breakfast, unlimited snacks and beverages (... Read More [PAR] Downtown [PAR] Approximately 0.63 miles from from RGI River Run [PAR] Located in the center of the action in downtown Cincinnati - adjacent to the Contemporary Arts Center and across the street from the Aronoff Center for the Arts - 21c... Read more [PAR] Located in the center of the action in downtown Cincinnati - adjacent to the Contemporary Arts Center and across the street from the Aronoff Center for the Arts - 21c Museum Hotel Cincinnati is a 156-room boutique hotel, contemporary art museum and cultural civic center. The museum and hotel is located in the 100-year-old renovated Metropole building which was recently listed on the National... Read More [PAR] Downtown [PAR] Approximately 0.68 miles from from RGI River Run [PAR] When the entire hotel is a work of art, how could your stay be anything less? The Hilton Cincinnati Netherland Plaza is a AAA Four-Diamond National Historic Landmark and a... Read more [PAR] When the entire hotel is a work of art, how could your stay be anything less? The Hilton Cincinnati Netherland Plaza is a AAA Four-Diamond National Historic Landmark and a charter member of Historic Hotels of America. The hotel features breathtaking 1930s French art deco throughout the public and meeting space. The updated guestrooms feature complimentary wifi, safes and mini fridges.\xa0 \xa0 The... Read More [PAR] Downtown [PAR] Approximately 0.70 miles from from RGI River Run [PAR] Housed inside the historic Enquirer Building, the Homewood Suites by Hilton Cincinnati-Downtown is an ideal base for business trips and longer vacations thanks to its... Read more [PAR] Housed inside the historic Enquirer Building, the Homewood Suites by Hilton Cincinnati-Downtown is an ideal base for business trips and longer vacations thanks to its convenient location in the central business district. Located just north of Fountain Square, the hotel is within walking distance of the Ohio River and the major downtown attractions, dining and nightlife. \xa0 Wake up to a free full... Read More [PAR] Downtown [PAR] Approximately 0.78 miles from from RGI River Run [PAR] Discover all there is to do in the picturesque Queen City from our newly renovated downtown Cincinnati hotel.Check out our collection of Cincinnati-themed art, browse for... Read more [PAR] Discover all there is to do in the picturesque Queen City from our newly renovated downtown Cincinnati hotel. Check out our collection of Cincinnati-themed art, browse for local food and gifts in our brand-new Market or pull up a seat in our Library, where the Wi-Fi is free and outlets are plentiful"}, 'question': {'What river runs through Cincinnati, Ohio, USA?'}}

['ohio' 'ohio river']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Otto von Bismarck, the Iron ChancellorOtto von Bismarck, the Iron Chancellor [PAR] OTTO VON BISMARCK [PAR] Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898) [PAR] The battleship Bismarck was named in honour of Otto F�rst von Bismarck, the architect of German unification and the arbiter of European politics during the second half of the 19th century. Bismarck, also known as the "Iron Chancellor", was the founder and first chancellor of the German Empire, and through his diplomatic skills, he managed to maintain the peace in Europe for a generation. [PAR] Early Life and Career. [PAR] Otto von Bismarck was born on 1 April 1815 at Sch�nhausen in Brandenburg, Prussia. His father, Ferdinand von Bismarck-Sch�nhausen, was of the old Prussian nobility. His mother, Wilhelmine Mencken, from the upper bourgeoisie. He studied law at the University of G�ttingen in Hanover, and obtained his degree in 1837. In 1847, he married Johanna von Puttkammer. During the revolutions of 1848, Bismarck favored suppression of revolt and opposed any concessions to the liberals, staying loyal to the monarchy. In 1849, he was elected to the Prussian Chamber of Deputies (the lower chamber of the Prussian Diet). In 1851, Frederick William IV appointed Bismarck as the Prussian representative to the federal Diet in Frankfurt. In 1859, Bismarck was sent to Russia as Prussian ambassador to St. Petersburg, and in May 1862, he moved to Paris as ambassador to the court of Napoleon III. Soon after he returned to Berlin, and on 22 September 1862, Bismarck became minister president and foreign minister for the Prussian king William I (Wilhelm I). [PAR] German Unification. [PAR] After a series of victorious wars against Denmark over Schleswig-holstein in 1864, and against Austria in 1866, the North German Confederation (Norddeustcher Bund) was formed in 1867 under Prussian control. Then in 1870, following the victorious conclusion of the Franco-Prussian war, Germany succeeded in obtaining Alsace and Lorraine. The German Empire was proclaimed at Versailles on 18 January 1871 by King William I as Emperor, and Bismarck was elevated to prince (F�rst) and imperial chancellor (Reichskanzler). [PAR] Imperial Chancellor. [PAR] As German chancellor, Bismarck directed his foreign policy at maintaining and strengthening the power of the German Empire. In order to prevent a war of revenge, Bismarck decided now to isolate France diplomatically. In 1873, he formed the Three Emperors\' League (Dreikaiserbund) with Russia and Austria-Hungary. But rivalry in the Balkans provoked the Russo-Turkish War of 1877, and Bismarck had to mediate at the Congress of Berlin in 1878, successfully maintaining the peace. Increasing Russian hostility brought about the the Dual Alliance with Austria (1879), and then the Triple Alliance when Italy joined in 1882. Bismarck, however, sought to tie Russia to this alliance by reviving the Three Emperors\' League (1881-87) through the Reinsurance Treaty (1887-90). He also gained British cooperation. [PAR] Domestically, Bismarck extended the powers of the imperial government, adopted laissez-faire economic policies, fought the political power of the Roman Catholic church in the Kulturkampf, and pioneered social welfare measures. [PAR] After the death of William I in 1888, differences between William II, provoked Bismarck\'s resignation on 18 March 1890. He devoted his last days writing his memoirs. Bismarck died in Friedrichsruh on 30 July 1898 at the age of 83.[DOC] [TLE] Otto von Bismarck - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.comOtto von Bismarck - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.com [PAR] Otto von Bismarck [PAR] A+E Networks [PAR] Introduction [PAR] Germany became a modern, unified nation under the leadership of the “Iron Chancellor” Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898), who between 1862 and 1890 effectively ruled first Prussia and then all of Germany. A master strategist, Bismarck initiated decisive wars with Denmark, Austria and France to unite 39 independent German states under Prussian leadership. Although an arch-conservative, Bismarck introduced progressive reforms—including universal male suffrage and the establishment of the first welfare state—in order to'}, 'question': {'What nickname was given to German Chancellor Otto Van Bismarck?'}}

['von bismarck' 'iron chancellor' 'otto von bismarck']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Dire Straits - Love Over Gold - (album completo) - YouTubeDire Straits - Love Over Gold - (album completo) - YouTube [PAR] Dire Straits - Love Over Gold - (album completo) [PAR] Want to watch this again later? [PAR] Sign in to add this video to a playlist. [PAR] Need to report the video? [PAR] Sign in to report inappropriate content. [PAR] Rating is available when the video has been rented. [PAR] This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. [PAR] Published on Sep 4, 2012 [PAR] Tracce: / Tracklist: [PAR] Durata 41 min : 12 s [PAR] Dischi 1 [PAR] Etichetta Warner Bros. Records, Vertigo Records, Mercury Records [PAR] Produttore Mark Knopfler [PAR] Registrazione giugno 1982 ai Power Station di New York [PAR] Mark Knopfler - chitarra solista e voce [PAR] Hal Lindes - chitarra ritmica [PAR] Mike Mainieri - vibrafono e marimba nei brani Private Investigations e Love over Gold [PAR] Ed Walsh - sintetizzatore [PAR] Love over Gold è un album dei Dire Straits registrato nel giugno 1982 ai Power Station di New York. [PAR] Con circa 10 milioni di copie vendute, è uno dei dischi di maggior successo dei Dire Straits ed è spesso considerato uno degli album migliori nella produzione della band di Mark Knopfler. Telegraph Road è un lungo brano rock che caratterizza l\'album con il suo assolo di chitarra. Il singolo di lancio in Europa, Private Investigations, è invece un brano ricco di sperimentazione: Mark Knopfler registra e fa mixare nel brano il rumore della sua camminata, di una monetina che gira su un tavolo e di un bicchiere che si rompe. [PAR] L\'album è strutturato come Wish You Were Here dei Pink Floyd (si notino i tempi delle singole tracce e la posizione della canzone che dà il titolo all\'album) pur non essendo le tre tracce centrali un ponte tra quella iniziale e quella finale. [PAR] La copertina dell\'album raffigura un lampo di tuono nel buio della notte. [PAR] Il videoclip di Love over Gold è stato il primo mai trasmesso in Italia, e comparve per la prima volta nella trasmissione Mister Fantasy di Carlo Massarini. [PAR] Tutte le canzoni sono scritte da Mark Knopfler. [PAR] (fonte: Wikipedia) [PAR] Mike Mainieri -- marimba, vibraphone on 2 and 4 [PAR] Ed Walsh -- synthesizer [PAR] Love Over Gold is the fourth album by British rock band Dire Straits. [PAR] Due to its lengthy atmospheric instrumental passages, the album has been cited as the band\'s foray into progressive rock. [PAR] "Private Investigations" was released as the lead single from the album in Europe, which reached #2 in the UK. "Industrial Disease" was, instead, the lead single in USA, only reaching #75 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1983. [PAR] In 1986, Love Over Gold had sold 4.4 million copies in Europe, whereas the album had only reached gold status in the United States by that stage. [PAR] It was remastered and released with the rest of the Dire Straits catalogue in 1996 for most of the world on Vertigo Records outside the US and in 2000 in the United States. The remastered CD also features slightly altered cover art; the album title is rendered underneath the band name, both in larger type, rather than arranged across the top. The image of lightning is also somewhat zoomed in and made brighter, making for a more purple colour. It is the only remastered Dire Straits CD with altered cover art. [PAR] The album was the last on which drummer Pick Withers played. [PAR] "Private Dancer", a song originally planned for the album, was recorded by the band except for the vocals. Mark Knopfler decided that a female voice would be more appropriate and handed the song to Tina Turner for her comeback album of the same name. [PAR] "The Way It Always Starts", another song written during the Love Over Gold sessions, ended up on Knopfler\'s soundtrack to the film Local Hero with vocals sung by Gerry Rafferty. [PAR] "Badges, Posters, Stickers and T-Shirts" was cut from the album, released in the UK as a B-side, and subsequently released in the U.S. as the fourth track on the ExtendedancEPlay EP. [PAR] Many guitars were used by Mark Knopfler on the album:'}, 'question': {'"Which 1982 album by Dire Staits included the tracks ""Telegraph Road"", ""Private Investigations"" , ""Industrial Disease"" and ""It Never Rains""?"'}}

['love over gold']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] The Inner Ear - ASHA - American Speech-Language-Hearing ...The Inner Ear [PAR] The Inner Ear [PAR] Parts of the Ear: Outer Ear | Middle Ear | Inner Ear\xa0 [PAR] The inner ear contains the sensory organs for hearing and balance. The cochlea is the hearing part of the inner ear. The semicircular canals in the inner ear are part of our balance system. [PAR] The cochlea is a bony structure shaped like a snail and filled with two fluids (endolymph and perilymph). The Organ of Corti is the sensory receptor inside the cochlea which holds the hair cells, the nerve receptors for hearing. [PAR] The mechanical energy from movement of the middle ear bones pushes in a membrane (the oval window) in the cochlea. This force moves the cochlea's fluids that, in turn, stimulate tiny hair cells. Individual hair cells respond to specific sound frequencies (pitches) so that, depending on the pitch of the sound, only certain hair cells are stimulated. [PAR] Signals from these hair cells are changed into nerve impulses. The nerve impulses are sent out to the brain by the cochlear portion of the auditory nerve. The auditory nerve carries impulses from the cochlea to a relay station in the mid-brain, the cochlear nucleus. These nerve impulses are then carried on to other brain pathways that end in the auditory cortex (hearing part) of the brain. [PAR] Also housed within the inner ear are the semicircular canals, the utricle, and the saccule. These structures help control one’s sense of steadiness or balance. These balance organs share the temporal bone space with the cochlea. These organs also share the same fluid that is in the cochlea.[DOC] [TLE] The Cochlea - Washington University in St. LouisA Pictorial Guide to the Cochlear Fluids [PAR] Location of the Cochlea [PAR] The cochlea is part of the Inner Ear [PAR] This figure shows the location of the cochlea with respect to the external ear canal. The cochlea is shown here as the blue spiral structure, which resembles a snail. (The word cochlea is derived from the Greek word (kokhlias) for a snail) The cochlea is responsible for converting sounds which enter the ear canal, from mechanical vibrations into electrical signals. This process, known as transduction, is performed by specialized sensory cells within the cochlea. The electrical signals, which code the sound's characteristics, are carried to the brain by the auditory nerve. [PAR] The Inner Ear Fluids [PAR] The anatomy of the inner ear is dominated by large fluid-filled spaces. As shown in this figure, the inner ear consists of a complex series of tubes, running through the temporal bone of the skull. The bony tubes (sometimes called the bony labyrinth) are filled with a fluid called perilymph. Perilymph is shown both here and in the picture on the opening page colored orange. Within this bony labyrinth is a second series of tubes made out of delicate cellular structures (called the membranous labyrinth). The fluid inside these membranous structures is called endolymph, and is show both here and in the opening illustration colored blue. The different spaces of the perilymphatic and endolymphatic compartments are each interconnected by a series of ducts, which are described in the next figure. An important feature of the endolymphatic space is that it is completely bounded by tissues and there are no ducts or open connections between perilymph and endolymph. [PAR] Nomenclature of the Inner Ear Fluid Compartments [PAR] The inner ear is comprised of two main sections. The semi-circular canals, utricle and saccule make up the vestibular system and are involved in balance. The scala tympani, scala media and scala vestibuli make up the cochlea which is involved in hearing. [PAR] The perilymphatic chamber of the vestibular system has a wide connection to scala vestibuli, which in turn connects to scala tympani by an opening called the helicotrema at the apex of the cochlea. Scala tympani is then connected to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the subarachnoid space by the cochlear aqueduct. [PAR] The endolymphatic system of the cochlea (scala media) is connected to the saccule by the ductus reuniens and from there connects to the endolymphatic sac, which lies in a bony niche within"}, 'question': {'The cochlea is part of which part of the body?'}}

['ear']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Dick CheneyRichard Bruce Cheney, generally known as Dick Cheney (born January 30, 1941) is an American politician and businessman who was the 46th Vice President of the United States from 2001 to 2009, under President George W. Bush. [PAR] Born in Lincoln, Nebraska, Cheney was primarily raised in Sumner, Nebraska, and Casper, Wyoming. He attended Yale, then the University of Wyoming, where he earned a BA and an MA in Political Science. He began his political career as an intern for Congressman William A. Steiger, eventually working his way into the White House during the Nixon and Ford administrations, where he later served as the White House Chief of Staff, from 1975 to 1977. In 1978, Cheney was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives representing Wyoming\'s At-large congressional district from 1979 to 1989; he was reelected five times, briefly serving as House Minority Whip in 1989. Cheney was selected to be the Secretary of Defense during the Presidency of George H. W. Bush, holding the position for the majority of Bush\'s term from 1989 to 1993. During his time in the Department of Defense, Cheney oversaw the 1991 Operation Desert Storm, among other actions. Out of office during the Clinton administration, Cheney was the Chairman and CEO of Halliburton Company from 1995 to 2000. [PAR] In July 2000, Cheney was chosen by presumptive Republican Presidential nominee George W. Bush as his running mate in the 2000 Presidential election. They defeated their Democratic opponents, incumbent Vice President Al Gore and Senator Joe Lieberman. In 2004 Cheney was reelected to his second term as Vice President, defeating Senator John Kerry\'s running mate, Senator John Edwards. During Cheney\'s tenure as Vice President, he played a lead behind-the-scenes role in Bush Administration\'s response to the September 11 attacks and coordination of the Global War on Terrorism. He was an early proponent of the Iraq War and defender of the Administration\'s record on anti-terrorism. He became at odds with President Bush\'s position against gay marriage in 2004. Cheney was often criticized for the Bush Administration\'s policies regarding the War on Terror, NSA Wiretapping and so-called "enhanced interrogation techniques." [PAR] In 2011, Cheney published his memoir In My Time: A Personal and Political Memoir, written with daughter Liz Cheney, and in 2015, published another book, Exceptional: Why the World Needs a Powerful America, again co-authored with his daughter. He has been cited as the most powerful Vice President in American history. [PAR] Early life and education [PAR] Cheney was born in Lincoln, Nebraska, the son of Marjorie Lorraine (née Dickey) and Richard Herbert Cheney. He is of predominantly English, as well as Welsh, Irish, and French Huguenot ancestry; Cheney\'s 8th great-grandfather, William Cheney, immigrated from England to Massachusetts in the 17th century. Although not a direct descendant, he is collaterally related to Benjamin Pierce Cheney (1815–1895), the early American expressman. Cheney is a very distant cousin of both Harry S. Truman and Barack Obama; the three share a common ancestor in Mareen Duvall, a Huguenot who fled from France to England in the 17th century and later settled in Maryland. His father was a soil conservation agent for the U.S. Department of Agriculture and his mother was a softball star in the 1930s; Cheney was one of three children. [PAR] He attended Calvert Elementary School before his family moved to Casper, Wyoming, where he attended Natrona County High School. [PAR] He attended Yale University, but by his own account had problems adjusting to the college, and failed out twice. Among the influential teachers from his days in New Haven was Professor H. Bradford Westerfield, whom Cheney repeatedly credited with having helped to shape his approach to foreign policy. He later attended the University of Wyoming, where he earned both a Bachelor of Arts and a Master of Arts in political science. He subsequently started, but did not finish, doctoral studies at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. [PAR] In November 1962, at the age of 21, Cheney was convicted of driving while intoxicated (DWI)'}, 'question': {'Before taking office, both US president George W Bush and his vice president Dick Chaney had both been convicted of what?'}}

['driving while intoxicated' 'dwi']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] First Peoples Worldwide » The Intersection of Sovereignty ...First Peoples Worldwide » The Intersection of Sovereignty and Sport: Iroquois Lacrosse Team Blocked from World Championships over Passport Dispute [PAR] Scorecards [PAR] The Intersection of Sovereignty and Sport: Iroquois Lacrosse Team Blocked from World Championships over Passport Dispute [PAR] For many years, the Iroquois National lacrosse team, currently ranked fourth in the world, travelled without problem to international competitions using their passports issued by the Iroquois Nation. The Iroquois Nation is bi-sected by border lines drawn by the U.S. and Canada, though many Iroquois consider themselves citizens of neither nation. As the 47-member team prepared to leave for this year’s World Championship in England, they sensed that there were problems brewing with their use of their Iroquois passports. So, they called the US State Department, only to find their calls unreturned as many staff were vacationing during the American Independence Day holiday. The team set off as planned only to be blocked from boarding their plane at New York’s Kennedy Airport due to questions about the validity of their passports. US State Department officials offered to issue US passports on an expedited basis, an offer the team refused because it violated their understanding of Iroquois sovereignty and their belief that they were citizens of neither the US or Canada. [PAR] After the story became a national media story, US Secretary of State Hilary Clinton intervened and granted the team a one-time exemption to travel to the Championship games, but their problems did not end there. The United Kingdom government, which had previously said that it would recognize the documents if the US did, reversed itself and continued to block the team. With the UK steadfast in their refusal, the team cancelled its trip, sadly settling for watching from an ocean away the world championship of a sport that the Iroquois themselves helped invent. They have promised to keep fighting for their right to carry Iroquois passports as they always have. Their next international competition is in The Czech Republic in 2011. [PAR] Share:[DOC] [TLE] A History of Iroquois Nationals LacrosseA History of Iroquois Nationals Lacrosse [PAR] A History of Iroquois Nationals Lacrosse [PAR] By Lena Camara [PAR] Lacrosse is not what tends to come to mind when Canada and sports are mentioned in the same breath, though it is the country’s national sport – in summer, at least. The sport has been around for centuries, predating even the European settlement of North America; it is believed the Native Americans invented the game of Lacrosse as early as the 12th century. Lacrosse is not only a sport, but originally was played as a spiritual endeavour, meant to give thanks and praises to the gods, a tradition which the Iroquois Nationals lacrosse team follows to this day. [PAR] The original version of the game was played with possibly hundreds of players at a time on a field that could range up to a mile in length and would continue for days. Given the number of players, and the physicality lacrosse demands, it is with good reason that the Eastern Cherokee name for the sport roughly translates to “little war.” The game, however, has little to do with inspiring aggression. “We play this game to give enjoyment to the Creator,” clarified Ansley Jemison, general manager of the Iroquois Nationals. Before the game, the team gathers around their spiritual advisor who leads a traditional tobacco-burning rite, among other rituals that prepare the players to take the field. [PAR] The only time lacrosse has been a medal-earning sport at the Olympics was in 1904 and 1908 when Canada won the gold medal for men’s lacrosse both times. Lacrosse has been played for demonstration in a small number of subsequent summer games, and the Federation of International Lacrosse (FIL) continues to push the game’s presence in order to reinstate it at the Olympics. In order to do so, the sport will need a following on at least four continents with 75 competing countries. With only 23 countries currently in the FIL, it will be some time before we see the sport in the Olympics again. Until that time, the Lacrosse World Championship (LWC) will have to do. It is the biggest of the international lacrosse championships. The LWC is played every four'}, 'question': {'In 1998 the Iroquois nation sent its first team to the world championships of which sport?'}}

['lacrosse']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Kd Lang Net Worth - Get Kd Lang Net WorthKd Lang Net Worth - Get Kd Lang Net Worth [PAR] Kd Lang Net Worth [PAR] Kd Lang Net Worth is$15 Million [PAR] VN:F [1.9.22_1171] [PAR] Rating: 5.0/5 (8 votes cast) [PAR] VN:F [1.9.22_1171] [PAR] Rating: 4.3/5 (6 votes cast) [PAR] Profession: Singer, Singer-songwriter, Record producer [PAR] Date of Birth: Nov 2, 1961 [PAR] Nicknames: K. D Lang, K D Lang, Kd Lang, k.d.Lang, K. D. Lang, K.D. Lang, Kathryn Dawn Lang, Kathyrn Dawn Lang, lang, k.d., The Alberta Rose [PAR] Height: 1.753 m [PAR] Country: Canada [PAR] k.d. lang was born in Canada and has an estimated net worth of $15 million dollars. A singer-songwriter, k.d. lang is most widely recognized for her pop and country hits, including "Constant Craving", and "Miss Chatelaine", as well as for her successful collaborations with such artists as Roy Orbison, Tony Bennett, and Elton John. She has won multiple awards for her music, including four Grammy Awards. [PAR] Kathryn Dawn Lang, OC (born November 2, 1961), known by her stage name k.d. lang, is a Canadian pop and country singer-songwriter and occasional actress. [PAR] Lang has won both Juno Awards and Grammy Awards for her musical performances; hits include "Constant Craving" and "Miss Chatelaine". She has contributed songs to movie soundtracks and has teamed with musicians such as Roy Orbison, Tony Bennett, Elton John, Anne Murray and Jane Siberry. Lang is also known for being a vegan as well as an animal rights, gay rights, and Tibetan human rights activist. She is a tantric practitioner of the old school of Tibetan Buddhism. She performed Leonard Cohen\'s "Hallelujah" live at the opening ceremony of the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, Canada. [PAR] Lang was born in Edmonton, Alberta, the daughter of Audrey and Adam Frederick Lang. She is of English, Irish, Scottish, German, Russian Jewish, Icelandic, and Sioux ancestry. When Lang was nine months old, her family moved to Consort, Alberta, where she grew up with two sisters and one brother on the Canadian prairie. Her father was a drug store owner and left the family when she was twelve. [PAR] After secondary school, Lang attended Red Deer College, where she became fascinated with the life and music of Patsy Cline and ultimately determined to pursue a career as a professional singer. She formed a Patsy Cline tribute band called the Reclines in 1983, and they recorded a debut album, Friday Dance Promenade. Also in 1983, Lang presented a performance-art piece, a seven-hour re-enactment of the transplantation of an artificial heart for Barney Clark, a retired American dentist.A Truly Western Experience was released in 1984 and received strong reviews and led to national attention in Canada. In August 1984, Lang was one of three Canadian artists to be selected to perform at the World Science Fair in Tsukuba, Japan (along with other performing and recording contracts throughout Japan).[citation needed] [PAR] Singing at country and weste [PAR] Kd Lang Net Worth, 5.0 out of 5 based on 8 ratings [PAR] Kd Lang Latest News[DOC] [TLE] KD Lang Net Worth | Celebrity Net WorthKD Lang Net Worth | Celebrity Net Worth [PAR] Celebrity Net Worth [PAR] KD Lang net worth: [PAR] $20 Million [PAR] k.d. Lang net worth: k.d. Lang is a Canadian pop and country singer-songwriter and occasional actress who has a net worth of $20 million dollars. A singer-songwriter, k.d. lang is most widely recognized for her pop and country hits, including "Constant Craving", and "Miss Chatelaine", as well as for her successful collaborations with such artists as Roy Orbison, Tony Bennett , and Elton John . She has won multiple awards for her music, including four Grammy Awards. Born Kathryn Dawn Lang on November 2, 1961 in Edmonton, Canada, Lang has won both Juno and Grammy Awards for her musical performances. Early in life, Lang became fascinated with'}, 'question': {"What is k. d. lang's profession?"}}

['singer' 'vocals']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] FLAMINGO - Totem TalkFLAMINGO - Totem Talk [PAR] Totem Talk [PAR] Spirit of the FLAMINGO: \xa0Heart Healing, Balance, Rebirth, The Phoenix, Rising After A Fall, Discernment, Maintaining Individuality Within A Group, Creativity, Beauty, Vision [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] http://consciousartstudios.blogspot.com/2012/01/pink-flamingo-symbo... [PAR] Flamingo, within the crane family, teaches the importance of balance. Pink is the color associated with the heart chakra\xa0and the pink coloring in flamingos vibrate with heart and emotional energies. The flamingo is a visionary and draws its power from water. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Ability to filter soul lessons from emotional waters [PAR] Understanding the language of color [PAR] Archangel Raphael [PAR] Ability to maintain soul purpose in group living [PAR] Power of Illusion [PAR] Understanding how to maintain balance [PAR] Working with Group Consciousness [PAR] Determine What is Useful and What is Not [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Flamingo's annual migration is among the longest of any creature's on earth. For survival reasons she travels in large flocks, mostly at night. Flamingo wisdom is invoked for those who journey far, whether the journey be physical or spiritual. [PAR] Flamingo teaches how to maintain balance and movement through the emotions. He aids in intuitive filtering and spiritual discernment. Be aware in dream time. Flamingo helps in bringing color and vivacity into ones life along with increasing community activities. Is it time to bring new life; concepts, ideas, thoughts or people? Is it time to work alone or with groups? Flamingo will show how to maneuver slowly and gracefully with care. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Flamingo\xa0Teaches Fear-less-ness\xa0From Within The Flock. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Flamingo is striking, gorgeous, preening and sensual—a strong symbol of flirtatiousness and sexuality. Pink represents the heart, compassion and connection. Flamingo’s pink coloring comes from diet. Without a proper diet, Flamingo pales to white. [PAR] For you this means that you must\xa0nourish\xa0your heart, your compassion and your connection—to your Self and to others in the flock. Without proper nourishment, your heart will pale. [PAR] Flamingo’s\xa0commitment to flock-living does not mean “following the herd” (we’re talking Flamingo, not sheep!) or being boring. In fact, Flamingo teaches that you can be true to your Self while still being loyal to the flock. Being One with others does not have to mean losing your Self. [PAR] Flamingo’s long legs mean that it can wade into deeper waters while still touching the bottom. Remember that water is a symbol of emotions. So Flamingo models staying grounded even while wading into deeper emotions.\xa0 [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] The Noble King of the Marshes:\xa0Flamingo. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] The Flamingo is a Gregarious Wading Bird in its own family in the order\xa0Phoenicopteriformes. They have some of the most unique\xa0adaptations\xa0like their beak that filters sand and mud from their food, but only if used upside down. It also possesses a unique color\xa0pigmentation\xa0and has one of the more unique\xa0bird calls.\xa0 [PAR] Flamingos are flashy creatures, but not showoffs, unlike a lot of other birds; the males don’t really compete for females attention with elaborate displays of plumage or intricate nests, they just happen to be radiant by nature and elegant out of\xa0necessity.\xa0 [PAR] The Flamingo is often believed to be the premise behind the phoenix, just look at the taxonomy in its Order and Genus. As such it has several connotations that this\xa0mythical birdhas. \xa0The Phoenix is a creature of rebirth, a constant cycle. People who hold Flamingo in their hearts are good at rising back up after a\xa0fall from grace. They blaze into new glory after every stumbling point. Which is something truly admirable about their natures. [PAR] The Flamingo as a guidance totem is a\xa0Heart\xa0Healer, meaning it is a good filter to help discern what is poisonous in your life and what can heal your wounds. \xa0Many people bring flamingo into their life to come back from devastation. Those who have Flamingo in their heart are also good at this but in a subtle way, they help you see the ridiculous or\xa0unnecessary\xa0and help you focus"}, 'question': {'What gives the flamingo the colour of its plumage?'}}

['diet']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Alexander II of RussiaAlexander II (; in Moscow – in Saint Petersburg) was the Emperor of Russia from 2 March 1855 until his assassination in 1881. He was also the King of Poland and the Grand Duke of Finland. [PAR] Alexander's most significant reform as emperor was emancipation of Russia's serfs in 1861, for which he is known as Alexander the Liberator (). The tsar was responsible for other reforms, including reorganizing the judicial system, setting up elected local judges, abolishing corporal punishment, promoting local self-government through the zemstvo system, imposing universal military service, ending some privileges of the nobility, and promoting university education. [PAR] In foreign policy, Alexander sold Alaska to the United States in 1867, fearing the remote colony would fall into British hands if there were another war. He sought peace, moved away from bellicose France when Napoleon III fell in 1871, and in 1872 joined with Germany and Austria in the League of the Three Emperors that stabilized the European situation. Despite his otherwise pacific foreign policy, he fought a brief war with Turkey in 1877–78, pursued further expansion into Siberia and the Caucasus, and conquered Turkestan. Although disappointed by the results of the Congress of Berlin in 1878, Alexander abided by that agreement. Among his greatest domestic challenges was an uprising in Poland in 1863, to which he responded by stripping that land of its separate constitution and incorporating it directly into Russia. Alexander was proposing additional parliamentary reforms to counter the rise of nascent revolutionary and anarchistic movements when he was assassinated in 1881. [PAR] Early life [PAR] Born in Moscow, he was the eldest son of Nicholas I of Russia and Charlotte of Prussia, daughter of Frederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. His early life gave little indication of his ultimate potential; until the time of his accession in 1855, aged 37, few imagined that he would be known to posterity as a leader able to implement the most challenging reforms undertaken in Russia since the reign of Peter the Great. [PAR] In the period of his life as heir apparent, the intellectual atmosphere of Saint Petersburg was unfavourable to any kind of change: freedom of thought and all forms of private initiative were suppressed vigorously. Personal and official censorship was rife; criticism of the authorities was regarded as a serious offence. Some 26 years afterward, he had the opportunity of implementing changes; however, he was to be assassinated in public by the Narodnaya Volya (People's Will) terrorist organisation in the future. [PAR] His education as future emperor was carried out under the supervision of the liberal romantic poet and gifted translator Vasily Zhukovsky, grasping a smattering of a great many subjects and becoming familiar with the chief modern European languages. His alleged lack of interest in military affairs detected by later historians was his reflection on the results on his own family and on the effect on the whole country of the unsavoury Crimean War. Unusually for the time, the young Alexander was taken on a six-month tour of Russia, visiting 20 provinces in the country. He also visited many prominent Western European countries. As Tsarevich, Alexander became the first Romanov heir to visit Siberia. [PAR] Reign [PAR] Alexander II succeeded to the throne upon the death of his father in 1855. The first year of his reign was devoted to the prosecution of the Crimean War and, after the fall of Sevastopol, to negotiations for peace led by his trusted counsellor Prince Alexander Gorchakov. The country had been exhausted and humiliated by the war. Bribe-taking, theft and corruption were everywhere. Encouraged by public opinion he began a period of radical reforms, including an attempt to not depend on a landed aristocracy controlling the poor, a move to developing Russia's natural resources and to reform all branches of the administration. In 1867 he sold Alaska to the United States for $7.2 million (equivalent to roughly $200 million in current dollars) after recognising the great difficulty of defending it against the United Kingdom or the former British colony of Canada. [PAR] After Alexander became emperor in 1855, he maintained a generally liberal course. Despite this, he was a target"}, 'question': {'What territory was sold by Russia under Tsar Alexander II in 1867, for about 1.9 per acre ($4.74/km2), a total of US$7.2 million?'}}

['alaska']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Keith UrbanKeith Lionel Urban (born 26 October 1967) is a New Zealand-born Australian country music singer, songwriter, guitarist, musician, TV show judge and record producer. In 1991, he released a self-titled debut album and charted four singles in Australia before moving to the United States the following year. He found work as a session guitarist before starting a band known as The Ranch, which recorded one studio album on Capitol Nashville and charted two singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. [PAR] Still signed to Capitol, Urban made his solo American debut in 1999 with the album Keith Urban. Certified platinum in the US, it produced his first number one on Hot Country Songs with "But for the Grace of God". "Somebody Like You", the first single from his second Capitol album, Golden Road (2002), was named by Billboard as the biggest country hit of the 2000s decade. The album\'s fourth single, "You\'ll Think of Me", earned him his first Grammy. 2004\'s Be Here, his third American album, produced three more number 1 singles and became his highest-selling album, earning 4× Platinum certification. Love, Pain & the Whole Crazy Thing was released in 2006, containing "Once in a Lifetime" as well as his second Grammy song, "Stupid Boy". A greatest hits package entitled Greatest Hits: 18 Kids followed in late-2007. Defying Gravity and Get Closer were released on 31 March 2009 and 16 November 2010, respectively. In September 2013, he released a brand new album titled Fuse, which produced four more number ones on the newly introduced Country Airplay chart, two of which are duets—one with Miranda Lambert and the other with Eric Church. A new single, entitled "John Cougar, John Deere, John 3:16", was released in June 2015 as the lead-off single to his eighth American studio album Ripcord. [PAR] Urban has released a total of nine studio albums (one of which was released only in the United Kingdom), as well as one album with The Ranch. He has charted 37 singles on the US Hot Country Songs, 18 of which went to number one, counting a duet with Brad Paisley and the 2008 single "You Look Good in My Shirt", which he previously recorded on Golden Road. Those also include his third Grammy Award winning single "Sweet Thing" from his album Defying Gravity. [PAR] Urban is also known for his roles as a coach on the Australian version of the singing competition The Voice and as a judge on American Idol. Since 2006, he has been married to actress Nicole Kidman. In October 2013, Urban introduced his own signature line of guitars and accessories. [PAR] Early life [PAR] Keith Lionel Urban was born on 26 October 1967, in Whangarei, New Zealand, He is the youngest son of Marienne and Robert "Bob" Urban. At the age of 13, he attended Sir Edmund Hillary College in Otara, South Auckland, New Zealand and by the age of 17, he lived with his parents in Caboolture, Queensland, Australia. His father, who owned a convenience store, put an advertisement for a guitar teacher in his shop window. Urban took lessons from his teacher, Sue McCarthy (now Crealey and still a family friend) and began entering local competitions, in addition to acting in a local theater company. Urban has stated that his guitar playing was influenced by two rock players, Mark Knopfler (Dire Straits) and Lindsey Buckingham (Fleetwood Mac). He also performed at country festivals from the age of 10. [PAR] In 1983, Urban was a contestant on the Australian TV talent show New Faces. A few years later, he began making the inroads into the Australian country music scene, with regular appearances on the Reg Lindsay Country Homestead TV Program, Mike McClellan\'s Music Program, and various other TV programs performing duets with local Brisbane girl Jenny Wilson. They won a golden guitar award at the Tamworth Country Music Festival. Urban also performed regularly on stage at the Northern Suburbs Country Music Club near Caboolture. [PAR] Musical career [PAR]'}, 'question': {'Keith Urban, who has had 2 platinum albums and 11 #1 singles in the USA, and is a winner of 3 Grammy Awards, was born where?'}}

['whangarei']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Dressage - BreyerDressage [PAR] Dressage [PAR] \xa0© United States Dressage Federation, courtesy of Misty Caffey [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Introduction [PAR] Dressage is a French term meaning “training” and its purpose is to develop the horse’s natural athletic ability and willingness to work making him calm, supple and attentive to his rider. [PAR] History [PAR] Dressage is one of the Olympic equestrian sports. The modern Olympics commenced in 1898 with equestrian events, and the “military test” first included in 1900 which evolved into the separate Olympic disciplines of dressage, eventing, and stadium jumping. [PAR] Horses have been used as mounts for the military since early history. As the horses had to be obedient and maneuverable, a system of training was developed, first documented in the writing of the Greek Xenophon. The system of training was built upon throughout the ages, with many well-known riding masters, military and civilian, writing books expounding their methods. [PAR] As the equine in the past centuries was used primarily by the military, it only stood to reason that a test of the military horse be the standard during the inception of the modern Olympics. The military test included obedience and maneuverability (or what would become dressage) and the ability to jump obstacles. [PAR] By 1912, the equestrian disciplines as we know them (dressage, jumping, and eventing) were included. However, the riders continued to be all male and predominantly military for a few decades. The United States Cavalry at Ft. Riley exchanged ideas and instructors with the schools in Europe and started the trend that brought dressage training not only to the military but to civilians in the United States. [PAR] After the US Cavalry was disbanded in 1948, the focus for dressage shifted from military to civilian competition and sport and began to gain momentum. Women as well as men became passionate about dressage and in 1952 the first women were allowed to compete in the Olympics. The growing enthusiasm for the sport, supported by increased access to knowledgeable military and foreign trainers, finally brought together 81 pioneers of dressage in 1973 to found the United States Dressage Federation. [PAR] Early Dressage Horses [PAR] Heavy horses carried the knights of the middle ages in full armor. As modes of warfare changed, the type of horse changed with it, giving way to the lighter horse used for the cavalry. The hot blooded breeds, such as the Arabian and Thoroughbred, were introduced to add swiftness and greater maneuverability to the cold blooded, heavy horses of the armored knights. The resulting “warmbloods” formed the basis for most of the breeds most commonly successful in dressage today. [PAR] Separate studbooks in principalities throughout Europe were maintained by the local lord or prince, with the result that many of these warmblood bloodlines can be traced back through a surprising number of generations. Arabian and Thoroughbred lines have continued to be used to further refine the warmblood that we know today: a leggier, elegant horse, sometimes with extravagant movement. These modern-day warmbloods predominate in international dressage competition. [PAR] Dressage Today [PAR] Currently, competitive dressage involves nine progressive levels incorporating multiple tests within each level. Special tests are also written for musical freestyle, sport horse breeding and performances incorporating multiple horses and riders. Tests are revised every four years by the United States Dressage Federation, the United States Equestrian Federation (USEF) and the International Equestrian Federation (FEI). [PAR] Competition occurs in a regulation size arena with specific apparel and equipment all regulated by USEF. Judges are licensed by the USEF and the FEI and are assisted by scribes who write down the judge’s scores and comments during the test. [PAR] Success in dressage is dependent on the rider’s position and ability but because of the goal of the training, many horse breeds can be quite successful. [PAR] Watching dressage can be very exciting, especially the musical freestyle rides or tests at the FEI (highest) levels. [PAR] \xa0© United States Dressage Federation, courtesy of Misty Caffey [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] About the USDF [PAR] The American Horse Shows Association (AHSA, now the United States Equestrian Federation, USEF) and the United States Equestrian Team (USET, now the USET Foundation) were the two primary organizations involved with dressage in the United'}, 'question': {'"What animal is involved in ""dressage""?"'}}

['horſe' 'horse' 'horses']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Merengue | Define Merengue at Dictionary.comMerengue | Define Merengue at Dictionary.com [PAR] merengue [PAR] a ballroom dance of Dominican and Haitian origin, characterized by a stiff-legged, limping step. [PAR] 2. [PAR] the music for this dance. [PAR] verb (used without object), merengued, merenguing. [PAR] 3. [PAR] British Dictionary definitions for merengue [PAR] Expand [PAR] noun [PAR] 1. [PAR] a type of lively dance music originating in the Dominican Republic, which combines African and Spanish elements [PAR] 2. [PAR] a Caribbean dance in duple time with syncopated rhythm performed to such music [PAR] Word Origin [PAR] from American Spanish and Haitian Creole [PAR] Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition [PAR] © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins [PAR] Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 [PAR] Word Origin and History for merengue [PAR] Expand [PAR] n. [PAR] popular dance, 1936, from Dominican Creole méringue, from French méringue (see meringue ). [PAR] The Spanish word for this style of dance and music, merengue, literally means "meringue (the sweet dessert)" -- although it is unclear exactly how the dance might have come to be called "The Meringue." ["Spanish Word Histories and Mysteries," American Heritage Dictionaries, 2007] [PAR] Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper[DOC] [TLE] Merengue , History of Dance and Music - CentralHome.Merengue, History of Dance and Music [PAR] Merengue Origin [PAR] Merengue Dance History [PAR] The Merengue is the national dance of the Dominican Republic, and also to some extent, of Haiti, the neighbor sharing the island. [PAR] There are two popular versions of the of the origin of the Dominican national dance, the Merengue. One story alleges the dance originated with slaves who were chained together and, of necessity, were forced to drag one leg as they cut sugar to the beat of drums. [PAR] The second story alleges that a great hero was wounded in the leg during one of the many revolutions in the Dominican Republic. A party of villagers welcomed him home with a victory celebration and, out of sympathy, everyone dancing felt obliged to limp and drag one foot. [PAR] Merengue has existed since the early years of the Dominican Republic (in Haiti, a similar dance is called the Meringue or Mereng). It is possible the dance took its name from the confection made of sugar and egg whites because of the light and frothy character of the dance or because of its short, precise rhythms. [PAR] By the middle of the nineteenth century, the Merengue was very popular in the Dominican Republic. Not only is it used on every dancing occasion in the Republic, but it is very popular throughout the Caribbean and South America, and is one of the standard Latin American dances. [PAR] There is a lot of variety in Merengue music. Tempos vary a great deal and the Dominicans enjoy a sharp quickening in pace towards the latter part of the dance. The most favored routine at the clubs and restaurants that run a dance floor is a slow Bolero, breaking into a Merengue, which becomes akin to a bright, fast Jive in its closing stages. The ballroom Merengue is slower and has a modified hip action. [PAR] The Merengue was introduced in the United States in the New York area. However, it did not become well known until several years later. [PAR] Ideally suited to the small, crowded dance floors, it is a dance that is easy to learn and essentially a "fun" dance. [PAR] Continued below ...[DOC] [TLE] Merengue History - OoCitiesby Paul F. Clifford [PAR] Of all the dances available to us, Merengue is by far the easiest to learn! [PAR] Since the 1930s Merengue is readily recognised as the national dance of the Dominican Republic. However, there is some controversy regarding it\'s origins. To get an unbiased opinion we really do need to differentiate between the music\'s historical roots and the nostalgia of the dance itself. Musically, it has links with Cuba but the dance belongs to the island of Hispaniola - one third of which is now called Haiti and the other two thirds make up the Dominican Republic. [PAR] A quick look at the island'}, 'question': {'The dance Meringue originated where?'}}

['caribbean']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Taxi Words: A Brief History | WordnikTaxi Words: A Brief History | Wordnik [PAR] Taxi Words: A Brief History [PAR] [Photo: stock.xchng] [PAR] Taxi, cab, black cab, yellow cab, gypsy cab, hack – how many different words are there for that vehicle for hire? We decided to find out. [PAR] One hundred and fifty years ago today , London became the first city to host licensed taxicabs. But vehicles for hire were around long before that. [PAR] The word hackney , referring to “a coach or other carriage kept for hire,” came about around 1664, according to the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), but originally referred to a place “now well within London, it once was pastoral and horses apparently were kept there.” Eventually, the word came to refer to “a horse kept for riding or driving,” as opposed to a war horse, and then “a horse kept for hire.” [PAR] From the “ordinary horse” sense came other meanings: “a person accustomed to drudgery” (1546), and “a prostitute” (1579). It’s also where we get hack , “a drudge; one who is overworked; especially, a literary drudge; a person hired to write according to direction or demand.” [PAR] The word cab is newer than hackney, originating around 1826 as a shortened form of cabriolet , “a covered one-horse carriage with two wheels.” Cabriolet comes from the Italian capriolare , “jump in the air,” so-named for the vehicle’s “light, leaping motion.” [PAR] A black-and-tan was “a cab of the coupé type, introduced in New York in 1883,” and named for its colors. An 1885 New York Times article reported that “‘black and tan’ cab No. 257 was going slowly down Broadway when a snort of steam from an elevated train at Thirty-third-street startled the horse and sent him on a gallop down that street.” [PAR] Livery cab is chiefly a U.S. expression, says the OED, attested to 1896. However, the word livery is much older, originating in the 14th century , according to the Online Etymology Dictionary, as “an allowance of food or other provisions statedly given out; a ration, as to a family, to servants, to horses, etc.,” and coming from the Old French livrer, “to dispense, deliver, hand over.” Livery car came later, in 1906, at the time that motorized taxicabs were introduced in New York. [PAR] London Black Cab, by stevelyon [PAR] [Photo:\xa0 CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 by stevelyon ] [PAR] Black cab , how the taxicab is commonly referred to in British English, is first attested to 1914, says the OED, but didn’t seem to gain popularity until the 1970s . Gypsy cab , “a taxicab that is licensed only to respond to calls but often cruises the streets for passengers,” attests to 1964 . [PAR] The word taxi , short for taxicab , came up around 1907 . Taxicabs were first known as taximeter cabs, where taximeter was “a commercial name of an instrument for automatically recording and mechanically computing the tax or charge to be made for the use of a hired vehicle in accordance with a determined tariff for such charges.” Taximeter comes from the Middle Latin taxa, “tax, charge,” and the Greek metron, “measure.” [PAR] In the early half of the 20th century, taxi was a colloquial term for “a (small) passenger aeroplane,” says the OED, which gave us the verb sense of taxi, “to move slowly on the ground or on the surface of the water before takeoff or after landing.” [PAR] Taxi is also U.S. slang for “a prison sentence of between five and fifteen years,” says the OED, perhaps from the analogy between a short taxi ride and relatively short prison term. Taxi dancer , “a woman employed, as by a dance hall or nightclub, to dance with the patrons for a fee,” is recorded from 1930 and'}, 'question': {'"In the term ""taxi-cab"", the word cab"" is an abbreviated form of what word?"'}}

['cabriolet']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Peel P50 | cars&motorcycle | Pinterest | The World, Cars ...World, The world and Cars on Pinterest [PAR] Pinterest • The world’s catalog of ideas [PAR] Explore Peel P50, Smallest Car, and more![DOC] [TLE] Remorque Hydraulique Top Trailer + Peel P50 = Take away ...Cars, World and The o'jays on Pinterest [PAR] Peel P50 with a cart you have to get your grocery's home somehow and there defiantly isn't room in the car.Well maybe just one. [PAR] See more"}, 'question': {'What 3-wheeled microcar manufactured in 1962 and 1965 on the Isle of Man retailed for 199, and holds the record for the smallest-ever automobile to go into production?'}}

['peel p50']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] What is a MUD? - flmud.comWhat is a MUD? [PAR] From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia [PAR] In online gaming, a MUD (multi-user dungeon), pronounced /m^d/, is a multi-user real-time virtual world described entirely in text. It combines elements of role-playing games, hack and slash, interactive fiction, and online chat. Players can read descriptions of rooms, objects, other players, non-player characters, and actions performed in the virtual world. Players interact with each other and the world by typing commands that resemble a natural language. [PAR] Traditional MUDs implement a fantasy world populated by fictional races and monsters, with players being able to choose from a number of classes in order to gain specific skills or powers. The object of this sort of game is to slay monsters, explore a fantasy world, complete quests, go on adventures, create a story by roleplaying, and advance the created character. Many MUDs were fashioned around the dice rolling rules of the Dungeons & Dragons series of games. [PAR] Such fantasy settings for MUDs are common, while many others are set in a science fiction.based universe or themed on popular books, movies, animations, history, and so on. Not all MUDs are games; some, more typically those referred to as MOOs, are used in distance education or for virtual conferences. MUDs have attracted the interest of academic scholars from many fields, including communications, sociology, law, and synthetic economies. [PAR] Most MUDs are run as hobbies and are free to players; some may accept donations or allow players to purchase virtual items, while others charge a monthly subscription fee. MUDs can be accessed via standard telnet clients, or specialized MUD clients which are designed to improve the user experience. Numerous games are listed at various web portals, like The Mud Connector. [PAR] It has been argued that modern games like World of Warcraft, and social virtual worlds such as Second Life can have their origins traced back to the early MUDs.[1] Originally graphical virtual worlds were called graphical MUDs, most notably Everquest, but by 2000 the term MMORPG (massively multiplayer online role-playing game) had become the standard.[2] The MMORPG RuneScape started out as a text-based MUD before graphics were added.[3][4] Many MUDs are still active and a number of influential MMORPG designers, such as Raph Koster, Brad McQuaid,[5] Mark Jacobs, Brian Green, and J. Todd Coleman, began as MUD developers and/or players.[DOC] [TLE] Online gameAn online game is a video game that is either partially or primarily played through the Internet or another computer network. Online games are ubiquitous on modern gaming platforms, including PCs, consoles and mobile devices, and span many genres, including first-person shooters, strategy games and massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPG). [PAR] The history of online games dates back to the early days of packet-based computer networking in the 1970s, An early example of online games are MUD, including the first, MUD1, which was created in 1978 and originally confined to an internal network before becoming connected to ARPANet in 1980. Commercial games followed in the next decade, with Islands of Kesmai, the first commercial role-playing game, debuting in 1984, as well as more graphical games, such as the flight simulator Air Warrior, released in 1987. The rapid availability of the Internet in the 1990s led to an expansion of online games, with notable titles including Quakeworld (1996), Ultima Online (1997), Starcraft (1998), and Counter-Strike (1999). Video game consoles also began to receive networking features, such as the PlayStation 2 (2000) and the Xbox (2001). Following improvements in connection speeds, more recent developments include the popularization of new genres, such as social games, and new platforms, such as mobile games. [PAR] Traditionally, researchers thought of motivations to use computer systems to be primarily driven by extrinsic purposes and have designed these systems accordingly; however, use of online games is by intrinsic motivations such as fun, relaxation, competition, achievement and learning, which considerations must drive their design. The design'}, 'question': {'In online gaming, what is the term for a multi-user real-time virtual world described in text that combines elements of role-playing games, hack and slash, interactive fiction, and online chat that were the forerunners of modern games like World of Warcraft, and social virtual worlds such as Second Life?'}}

['mud' 'muds']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Gorky Park - My Generation lyrics | LyricsMode.comGorky Park - My Generation lyrics | LyricsMode.com [PAR] My Generation lyrics [PAR] To explain lyrics, select line or word and click "Explain". [PAR] Create lyrics explanation [PAR] Select some words and click "Explain" button. Then type your knowledge, add image or YouTube video till "Good-o-meter" shows "Cool" or "Awesome!". Publish your explanation with "Explain" button. Get karma points! [PAR] OK, got it! [PAR] New! Read & write lyrics explanations [PAR] Highlight lyrics and explain them to earn Karma points. [PAR] Gorky Park – My Generation lyrics [PAR] People try to put us down, talking \'bout my generation [PAR] Just because we get around, talking \'bout my generation [PAR] Things they do look awful cold, talking \'bout my generation [PAR] Hope I die before I get old, talking \'bout my generation [PAR] Chorus: [PAR] This is my generation This is my generation [PAR] This is my generation Oh yeah my generation [PAR] This is my generation My generation [PAR] Why don\'t you all fade away, talking \'bout my generation [PAR] Don\'t try and dig what we all say, talking \'bout my generation [PAR] I\'m not trying to cause a big sensation, talking \'bout my generation [PAR] I\'m just talking about my generation, talking \'bout my generation [PAR] Chorus [PAR] [On your feet, Russian people] [PAR] [On your feet, Russian people] [PAR] [On your feet, Russian people] [PAR] [On your feet, Russian people] [PAR] Chorus [PAR] People try to put us down, talking \'bout my generation [PAR] Just because we get around, talking \'bout my generation [PAR] Things they do look awful cold, talking \'bout my generation [PAR] Hope I die before I get old, talking \'bout my generation [PAR] Chorus[DOC] [TLE] The Who - My Generation - YouTubeThe Who - My Generation - YouTube [PAR] The Who - My Generation [PAR] Want to watch this again later? [PAR] Sign in to add this video to a playlist. [PAR] Need to report the video? [PAR] Sign in to report inappropriate content. [PAR] Rating is available when the video has been rented. [PAR] This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. [PAR] Published on Nov 1, 2012 [PAR] Subscribe to The Best Of for more classic music history, videos and playlists: http://bit.ly/WdJ36u [PAR] "My Generation" appeared on The Who\'s debut album of the same name. It was released as a single on 5th November 1965, reaching No. 2 in the UK charts and 74 in the US. "My Generation" was recently named the 11th greatest song by Rolling Stone magazine on their list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time". [PAR] Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TheRealBestOf [PAR] Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheRealBestOf [PAR] Visit http://www.thewho.com for more information. [PAR] Lyrics: [PAR] People try to put us d-down (Talkin\' \'bout my generation) [PAR] Just because we get around (Talkin\' \'bout my generation) [PAR] Things they do look awful c-c-cold (Talkin\' \'bout my generation) [PAR] I hope I die before I get old (Talkin\' \'bout my generation) [PAR] This is my generation [PAR] This is my generation, baby [PAR] Why don\'t you all f-fade away (Talkin\' \'bout my generation) [PAR] And don\'t try to dig what we all s-s-say (Talkin\' \'bout my generation) [PAR] I\'m not trying to cause a big s-s-sensation (Talkin\' \'bout my generation) [PAR] I\'m just talkin\' \'bout my g-g-g-generation (Talkin\' \'bout my generation) [PAR] This is my generation [PAR] This is my generation, baby [PAR] Why don\'t you all f-fade away (Talkin\' \'bout my generation) [PAR] And don\'t try to d-dig what we all s-s-say (Talkin\' \'bout my generation) [PAR] I\'m not trying to cause a b-big s-s-sensation (Talkin\' \'bout my generation) [PAR] I\'m just talkin\' \'bout my g-g-generation (Talkin\' \'bout my generation) [PAR] This'}, 'question': {'"In the song ""My Generation"" by the Who, what words follow the line ""People try to put us down""?"'}}

['just because we get around']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] SEER Training:Bronchi, Bronchial Tree, & LungsSEER Training:Bronchi, Bronchial Tree, & Lungs [PAR] Bronchi, Bronchial Tree, & Lungs [PAR] Bronchi, Bronchial Tree, & Lungs [PAR] Bronchi and Bronchial Tree [PAR] In the mediastinum , at the level of the fifth thoracic vertebra, the trachea divides into the right and left primary bronchi. The bronchi branch into smaller and smaller passageways until they terminate in tiny air sacs called alveoli. [PAR] The cartilage and mucous membrane of the primary bronchi are similar to that in the trachea. As the branching continues through the bronchial tree, the amount of hyaline cartilage in the walls decreases until it is absent in the smallest bronchioles. As the cartilage decreases, the amount of smooth muscle increases. The mucous membrane also undergoes a transition from ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium to simple cuboidal epithelium to simple squamous epithelium. [PAR] The alveolar ducts and alveoli consist primarily of simple squamous epithelium, which permits rapid diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Exchange of gases between the air in the lungs and the blood in the capillaries occurs across the walls of the alveolar ducts and alveoli. [PAR] Lungs [PAR] The two lungs, which contain all the components of the bronchial tree beyond the primary bronchi, occupy most of the space in the thoracic cavity. The lungs are soft and spongy because they are mostly air spaces surrounded by the alveolar cells and elastic connective tissue. They are separated from each other by the mediastinum , which contains the heart. The only point of attachment for each lung is at the hilum, or root, on the medial side. This is where the bronchi, blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves enter the lungs. [PAR] The right lung is shorter, broader, and has a greater volume than the left lung. It is divided into three lobes and each lobe is supplied by one of the secondary bronchi. The left lung is longer and narrower than the right lung. It has an indentation, called the cardiac notch, on its medial surface for the apex of the heart. The left lung has two lobes. [PAR] Each lung is enclosed by a double-layered serous membrane, called the pleura. The visceral pleura is firmly attached to the surface of the lung. At the hilum, the visceral pleura is continuous with the parietal pleura that lines the wall of the thorax. The small space between the visceral and parietal pleurae is the pleural cavity. It contains a thin film of serous fluid that is produced by the pleura. The fluid acts as a lubricant to reduce friction as the two layers slide against each other, and it helps to hold the two layers together as the lungs inflate and deflate.[DOC] [TLE] Bronchus - Structure, Function, and Conditions - VerywellBronchus - Structure, Function, and Conditions [PAR] Updated November 13, 2016 [PAR] Definition: Bronchus [PAR] A bronchus is either of the two major branches of the trachea that lead to the lungs. The bronchi begin when the trachea divides to form the right and left main bronchi (pleural of bronchus.) These bronchi, in turn, travel to each of the lungs. The bronchi divide first into lobar bronchi and then tertiary bronchi. These vessels become progressively smaller as they divide into bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveolar sacs, and finally into the alveoli \xa0where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. [PAR] The bronchi are made up of smooth muscles with walls of cartilage giving them stability. [PAR] Structure of the Bronchi [PAR] Right main bronchus - The right main bronchus is shorter and more vertical than the left, approximately 2.5 m (around 1 inch) in length. It divides into smaller bronchi to enter the 3 lobes of the right lung. [PAR] Left main bronchus - The left bronchus is smaller and longer than the right main bronchus (approximately 5 cm or 1.5 inches.) It, in turn, divides into 2 lobar bronchi which enter the 2 lobes of the left lung. [PAR] Bronchial Function [PAR] The bronchi function as a passageway for air to travel from the mouth and trachea, down to the alveoli, and back out to the environment.\xa0 [PAR] Conditions Involving the Bronchi [PAR] Some medical conditions which can involve the bronchi include:'}, 'question': {'Where are the pleurae, bronchi and alveoli?'}}

['lungs' 'lung']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Nicole Kidman biography | birthday, trivia | American ...Nicole Kidman biography | birthday, trivia | American Actor | Who2 [PAR] Nicole Kidman Biography [PAR] Actor [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Nicole Kidman won the Academy Award as best actress for her portrayal of writer Virginia Woolf in the film The Hours (2002). Nicole Kidman was born in Hawaii but grew up in Australia, where she began acting in her teens. She married screen heartthrob Tom Cruise after they met while filming the race-car soap opera Days of Thunder (1990), and they were one of Hollywood’s most talked-about couples throughout the 1990s. Her films during that era included Gus Van Sant ‘s To Die For (1995, based on the Pamela Smart case) and Stanley Kubrick ‘s last film, Eyes Wide Shut (1999), in which she starred with Cruise. After a decade of marriage, Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman divorced, but her career soared as she continued to star in both mainstream Hollywood films and smaller, independent features. In 2001 she turned in an Oscar-nominated performance in Moulin Rouge and appeared in two other highly-acclaimed movies, Birthday Girl and The Others. Nicole Kidman’s other films include Far and Away (1992, with Cruise); Dogville (2003); Cold Mountain (2003, with Renee Zellweger ); The Interpreter (2005, starring Sean Penn ); Bewitched (2005, co-starring Will Ferrell ); Fur (2006, about photographer Diane Arbus ); The Golden Compass (2007, based on the book by Philip Pullman ); and the sweeping saga Australia (2008, with Hugh Jackman ). She was again Oscar-nominated for the 2010 parental psycho-drama Rabbit Hole. [PAR] Extra credit [PAR] Nicole Kidman married country singer Keith Urban on 25 June 2006. Urban, like Kidman, grew up in Australia… Nicole Kidman gave birth to a daughter, Sunday Rose Kidman Urban, on 7 July 2008. The couple’s second daughter, Faith Margaret Kidman Urban, was born on 28 December 2010 to a surrogate mother. “Faith was born through a gestational carrier and is the biological daughter of Kidman and Urban,” People.com reported… Nicole Kidman and Tom Cruise adopted two children while they were married: Isabella (in 1993) and Connor (in 1995). [PAR] \xa0 \xa0 \xa0[DOC] [TLE] Nicole Kidman Biography (Actor) - Fact MonsterNicole Kidman Biography (Actor) [PAR] Birthplace: Honolulu, Hawaii [PAR] Best known as: The elegant Australian who won an Oscar for The Hours [PAR] Nicole Kidman won the Academy Award as best actress for her portrayal of writer Virginia Woolf in the film The Hours (2002). Nicole Kidman was born in Hawaii but grew up in Australia, where she began acting in her teens. She married screen heartthrob Tom Cruise after they met while filming the race-car soap opera Days of Thunder (1990), and they were one of Hollywood's most talked-about couples throughout the 1990s. Her films during that era included Gus Van Sant 's To Die For (1995, based on the Pamela Smart case) and Stanley Kubrick 's last film, Eyes Wide Shut (1999), in which she starred with Cruise. After a decade of marriage, Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman divorced, but her career soared as she continued to star in both mainstream Hollywood films and smaller, independent features. In 2001 she turned in an Oscar-nominated performance in Moulin Rouge and appeared in two other highly-acclaimed movies, Birthday Girl and The Others. Nicole Kidman's other films include Far and Away (1992, with Cruise); Dogville (2003); Cold Mountain (2003, with Renee Zellweger ); The Interpreter (2005, starring Sean Penn ); Bewitched (2005, co-starring Will Ferrell ); Fur (2006, about photographer Diane Arbus ); The Golden Compass (2007, based on the book by Philip Pullman ); and the sweeping saga Australia (2008, with Hugh Jackman ). She was again Oscar-nominated for the 2010 parental psycho-drama Rabbit Hole. [PAR] Extra credit: [PAR] Nicole Kidman married country singer Keith Urban on 25 June 2006. Urban,"}, 'question': {'Nicole Kidman married which country singer in 2006?'}}

['keith urban']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] How many times did Peter deny Jesus before the cock crowed ...How many times did Peter deny Jesus before the cock crowed for the first time? - Errancy.com [PAR] Errancy.com [PAR] Posted on Mar.19, 2009. Filed in John , Luke , Mark , Matthew . Average rating: 4.5 / 10 ( Rate It ). [PAR] In all four gospels Jesus predicts that Peter will\xa0deny three times that he knows him, and in all four gospels Peter does indeed deny Jesus three times. They disagree, however, as to whether the second and third denials take place before or after the cock crows.\xa0 [PAR] In Matthew, Peter denies Jesus three times before the cock crows: [PAR] Now Peter was sitting outside in the courtyard. A servant-girl came to him and said, ‘You also were with Jesus the Galilean.’ But he denied it before all of them, saying, ‘I do not know what you are talking about.’ When he went out to the porch, another servant-girl saw him, and she said to the bystanders, ‘This man was with Jesus of Nazareth.’ Again he denied it with an oath, ‘I do not know the man.’ After a little while the bystanders came up and said to Peter, ‘Certainly you are also one of them, for your accent betrays you.’ Then he began to curse, and he swore an\xa0oath, ‘I do not know the man!’ At that moment the cock crowed.\xa0[Matthew 26:69-74 (NRSV)] [PAR] Luke’s account agrees with Matthew, also having three denials before the cock crows: [PAR] Then a servant-girl, seeing him in the firelight, stared at him and said, ‘This man also was with him.’ But he denied it, saying, ‘Woman, I do not know him.’ A little later someone else, on seeing him, said, ‘You also are one of them.’ But Peter said, ‘Man, I am not!’ Then about an hour later still another kept insisting, ‘Surely this man also was with him; for he is a Galilean.’ But Peter said, ‘Man, I do not know what you are talking about!’ At that moment, while he was still speaking, the cock crowed.\xa0[Luke 22:56-60 (NRSV)] [PAR] John too has three denials before the cock crows: [PAR] … the other disciple, who was known to the high priest, went out, spoke to the woman who guarded the gate, and brought Peter in. The woman said to Peter, ‘You are not also one of this man’s disciples, are you?’ He said, ‘I am not.’ … Now Simon Peter was standing by and warming himself. They asked him, ‘You are not also one of his disciples are you?’ He denied it and said, ‘I am not.’ One of the slaves of the high priest, a relative of the man whose ear Peter had cut off, asked, ‘Did I not see you in the garden with him?’ Again Peter denied it, and at that moment the cock crowed. [John 18:16b-17, 25-27 (NRSV)] [PAR] These accounts all fit the predictions in Matthew 26:34, Luke 22:34, and John 13:38 that Peter would deny Jesus three times before the cock crowed. [PAR] In Mark,\xa0though, Peter denies Jesus just once before the cock crows: [PAR] While Peter was below in the courtyard, one of the servant-girls of the high priest came by. When she saw Peter warming himself, she stared at him and said, ‘You also were with Jesus, the man from Nazareth.’ But he denied it, saying, ‘I do not know or understand what you are talking about.’ And he went out into the forecourt. Then the cock crowed. [Mark 14:66-68 (NRSV)] [PAR] Mark has Peter deny Jesus twice more before the cock crows again, fulfilling Jesus’ prediction in Mark 14:30 that Peter would deny'}, 'question': {'"According to the Bible, who denied knowing Jesus 3 times ""before the cock crowed twice""?"'}}

['peter']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] France on strike - Photos - The Big Picture - Boston.comFrance on strike - Photos - The Big Picture - Boston.com [PAR] France on strike [PAR] Weeks of strikes, protests and demonstrations have brought much of France to a standstill as workers, students and others voice their strong opposition to a government proposal to raise the age for a minimum pension from 60 to 62. A quarter of the nation\'s gas stations were out of fuel, hundreds of flights were canceled, long lines formed at gas stations and train services in many regions were cut in half. Protesters blockaded Marseille\'s airport, Lady Gaga canceled concerts in Paris and rioting youths attacked police in Lyon. The unpopular bill is edging closer to becoming law as the French Senate is preparing to vote on it today. Collected here are recent images of the unrest around France. Update: Pension reform bill just now passed by French senate . ( 40 photos total ) [PAR] A man holds a placard which reads "Listen to the public\'s rage" during a demonstration in front of the French Senate in Paris October 20, 2010. French trade unions kept up their resistance on Wednesday to an unpopular pension reform due for a final vote in the Senate this week. (REUTERS/Charles Platiau)[DOC] [TLE] Video of France riots, burning tires as pension protesters ...Video of France riots, burning tires as pension protesters clash with police - YouTube [PAR] Video of France riots, burning tires as pension protesters clash with police [PAR] Want to watch this again later? [PAR] Sign in to add this video to a playlist. [PAR] Need to report the video? [PAR] Sign in to report inappropriate content. [PAR] Rating is available when the video has been rented. [PAR] This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. [PAR] Uploaded on Oct 15, 2010 [PAR] Strikes across France intensified on Friday with police firing tear gas at protesters in the city of Lyon. About 1,000 high school students went on strike, overturning rubbish bins, smashing bus stops, and setting fire to stacks of free newspapers. The students and labour unions see President Nicolas Sarkozy\'s pension reform - raising the retirement age from 60 to 62 - as an attack on their well-deserved social protections. Workers at all 12 of France\'s fuel producing refineries have also joined the protest. Strikers burned tires outside an oil refinery in Donges, near Nantes in western France. [PAR] Category[DOC] [TLE] France braces for riots as protests turn violent | Europe ...France braces for riots as protests turn violent | The Independent [PAR] France braces for riots as protests turn violent [PAR] Monday 18 October 2010 23:00 BST [PAR] Click to follow [PAR] The Independent Online [PAR] A menacing new spectre hung over the French pension reform dispute yesterday – the threat of a re-run of the multi-racial suburban riots of five years ago. [PAR] As petrol shortages spread and the country braced for a new day of strikes and marches today, there were violent incidents and clashes between police and youths in a dozen cities and suburbs around France. [PAR] Although the incidents occurred on the fringes of demonstrations by Lycée (sixth-form) students, most of the violence came from roaming groups of hooded youths who were not directly involved in the protests against pension reform. Cars were turned over or burned and shops looted and smashed in Nanterre, west of Paris, and in Saint Denis, north of the capital, which was the starting point of the riots of October and November 2005. [PAR] There were also violent incidents on the edges of student demonstrations in other Paris suburbs and in Lyon, Rouen, Roubaix and Nantes. In all cases, both police and student leaders blamed independent, mobile, racially-mixed groups of casseurs – or "vandals" – who were not part of the pension protests themselves. Their motives were unclear, but similar violence by disaffected youths has erupted on the edges of other peaceful student protests in France in recent years. [PAR] Police responded with tear gas and rubber bullets and arrested almost 200 young people in more than a dozen incidents across the country. The government – already facing a disruptive pension reform protest by unions and Lycée students – will be desperate to avoid the kind of violent'}, 'question': {'What was the cause of strikes and rioting across France in October 2010?'}}

['pension reform']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] A Joyous Easter…Welcome to the Sistine Chapel - SolariA Joyous Easter…Welcome to the Sistine Chapel | The Solari Report Blog [PAR] A Joyous Easter…Welcome to the Sistine Chapel [PAR] Online Tour of the Sistine Chapel [PAR] Sistine Chapel is the best-known chapel in the Apostolic Palace, the official residence of the Pope in Vatican City. It is famous for its architecture, evocative of Solomon’s Temple of the Old Testament, and its decoration which has been frescoed throughout by the greatest Renaissance artists including Michelangelo, Raphael, Bernini, and Sandro Botticelli. [PAR] Under the patronage of Pope Julius II, Michelangelo painted 12,000\xa0square feet (1,100\xa0m2) of the chapel ceiling between 1508 and 1512. He resented the commission, and believed his work only served the Pope’s need for grandeur. However, today the ceiling, and especially The Last Judgement, are widely believed to be Michelangelo’s crowning achievements in painting.[DOC] [TLE] Sistine Chapel, Vatican City, Rome, Italy | Sistine Chapel ...Sistine Chapel, Vatican City, Rome, Italy | Sistine Chapel (… | Flickr [PAR] Andrei S By: Andrei S [PAR] Sistine Chapel, Vatican City, Rome, Italy [PAR] Sistine Chapel (Italian: Cappella Sistina) is the best-known chapel in the Apostolic Palace, the official residence of the Pope in Vatican City. It is famous for its architecture, evocative of Solomon\'s Temple of the Old Testament, and its decoration which has been frescoed throughout by the greatest Renaissance artists including Michelangelo, Raphael, Bernini, and Sandro Botticelli. Under the patronage of Pope Julius II, Michelangelo painted 12,000 square feet (1,100 m2) of the chapel ceiling between 1508 and 1512. He resented the commission, and believed his work only served the Pope\'s need for grandeur. However, today the ceiling, and especially The Last Judgement, are widely believed to be Michelangelo\'s crowning achievements in painting. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] The Sistine Chapel takes its name from Pope Sixtus IV, who restored the old Cappella Magna between 1477 and 1480. During this period a team of painters that included Pietro Perugino, Sandro Botticelli and Domenico Ghirlandaio created a series of frescoed panels depicting the life of Moses and the life of Christ, offset by papal portraits above and trompe l’oeil drapery below. These paintings were completed in 1482, and on August 15, 1483,[1] Sixtus IV consecrated the first mass in honor of Our Lady of the Assumption. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Since the time of Sixtus IV, the chapel has served as a place of both religious and functionary papal activity. Today it is the site of the Papal conclave, the process by which a new Pope is selected. [PAR] \xa0[DOC] [TLE] Sistine Chapel in Rome, Italy - gpsmycity.comSistine Chapel in Rome, Italy [PAR] offer: CLICK HERE to get access to all travel articles and self-guided walks in 750+ cities [PAR] Sistine Chapel [PAR] Sistine Chapel is the best-known chapel in the Apostolic Palace, the official residence of the Pope in Vatican City. It is famous for its architecture, evocative of Solomon\'s Temple of the Old Testament, and its decoration which has been frescoed throughout by the greatest Renaissance artists including Michelangelo, Raphael, Bernini, and Sandro Botticelli. Under the patronage of Pope Julius II, Michelangelo painted the chapel ceiling between 1508 and 1512. He resented the commission, and believed his work only served the Pope\'s need for grandeur. However, today the ceiling, and especially The Last Judgement, are widely believed to be Michelangelo\'s crowning achievements in painting. The chapel takes its name from Pope Sixtus IV, who restored the old Cappella Magna between 1477 and 1480. Since the time of Sixtus IV, the chapel has served as a place of both religious and functionary papal activity. Today it is the site of the Papal conclave, the process by which a new Pope is selected. [PAR] Download the GPSmyCity iOS app " Rome Map and Walks " on iTunes App Store or Android app " Rome Map and Walks " on Google Play to offline city map and travel directions for visiting this sight. [PAR] \xa0[DOC] [TLE] Fressko - Articles - Articles - Sistine ChapelFressko - Articles - Articles - Sistine Chapel [PAR] Sistine Chapel'}, 'question': {'Which chapel in the Apostolic Palace (the official residence of the Pope in Vatican City), famous for its architecture and decoration, has been frescoed by the Renaissance artists including Michelangelo, Raphael, Bernini, and Sandro Botticelli?'}}

['sistine' 'cappella sistina' 'sistine chapel']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Gorilla (Troglodytes Gorilla) - Animals - A-Z Animals ...Gorilla (Troglodytes Gorilla) - Animals - A-Z Animals [PAR] Five groups that classify all living things [PAR] Animalia [PAR] A group of animals within the animal kingdom [PAR] Chordata [PAR] A group of animals within a pylum [PAR] Mammalia [PAR] A group of animals within a class [PAR] Primates [PAR] A group of animals within an order [PAR] Hominidae [PAR] A group of animals within a family [PAR] Gorilla [PAR] Comprised of the genus followed by the species [PAR] Troglodytes Gorilla [PAR] The animal group that the species belongs to [PAR] Mammal [PAR] What kind of foods the animal eats [PAR] Herbivore [PAR] How long (L) or tall (H) the animal is [PAR] 1.4-1.7m (4.7-5.5ft) [PAR] The measurement of how heavy the animal is [PAR] 100-200kg (220-440lbs) [PAR] The fastest recorded speed of the animal [PAR] 40km/h (25mph) [PAR] How long the animal lives for [PAR] 35-50 years [PAR] Whether the animal is solitary or sociable [PAR] Troop [PAR] The likelihood of the animal becoming extinct [PAR] Threatened [PAR] The colour of the animal's coat or markings [PAR] Black, Grey [PAR] The protective layer of the animal [PAR] Hair [PAR] The specific area where the animal lives [PAR] Rainforest and dense jungle [PAR] The average number of babies born at once [PAR] 1 [PAR] Other animals that hunt and eat the animal [PAR] Human, Leopard, Crocodile [PAR] Large head and long arms [PAR] Gorilla Location [PAR] Map of Africa [PAR] Gorilla [PAR] Gorillas are the biggest of the worlds primates and live in the forests in select parts of Africa . The gorilla population is sadly much lower than it used to be meaning that gorillas are an endangered species. [PAR] Gorillas are herbivores , eating vegetation, fruits, shoots, berries and leaves. An adult male gorilla is able to consume up to 27 kg of food everyday. [PAR] Gorillas are thought to be the most closely related to chimps and humans . It is said that the DNA of gorillas is 98-99% identical to human DNA!! [PAR] The gorilla is a very sociable animal inhabiting the African wilderness if groups from around 5 to 30 gorillas . The gorilla spend most of their time eating, sleeping and grooming the other gorillas . Gorillas move about by walking on their knuckles which helps to support the gorillas weight [PAR] The gorilla is considered to be a highly intelligent animal on a similar level with humans and dolphins . The real extent of the gorillas intelligence is unknown, however one gorilla bred in captivity was successfully trained in human sign language. [PAR] The senses of a gorilla are very similar to the senses of the human and include hearing, taste, touch, smell and sight, although the sight of the gorilla is not quite as acute as the sight of the human but the gorilla is thought to be able to see in colour vision. [PAR] The gorilla spends the night sleeping in a nest which the gorilla makes out of leaves and other plant materials. The nest of the gorilla is shaped like a bowl and is where the mother gorilla will sleep with the baby gorillas. [PAR] Despite what many people think, the gorilla is not an aggressive animal as the gorilla is known to be shy and peaceful in nature. The gorilla will generally only display aggressive behaviour towards another animal if the gorilla feels under threat but the gorilla will only tend to make lots of noise rather than attacking an unwanted intruder. [PAR] Share This Article[DOC] [TLE] Mountain Gorilla Facts | Endangered AnimalsMountain Gorilla Facts | Endangered Animals [PAR] Mountain Gorilla [PAR] Gorilla beringei beringei [PAR] The mountain gorilla, a large, strong ape inhabiting Africa’s volcanic slopes, has few natural predators. Yet due to detrimental human activity, such as poaching, civil war, and habitat destruction, the mountain gorilla, a subspecies of the eastern gorilla, has become the most endangered type of gorilla. [PAR] Currently, the mountain gorilla’s habitat is limited to protected national parks in two regions of Africa. One group of gorillas lives in the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park in Uganda. The other group is spread over three national parks in the Virungas mountain region of the Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, and Rwanda. [PAR]"}, 'question': {'What type of animal is a silverback?'}}

['gorilla' 'gorillas' 'silverback']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Gonzo : Journalism of fact and fiction\x91Gonzo\x92: Journalism of fact and fiction [PAR] \x91Gonzo\x92: Journalism of fact and fiction [PAR] 5 [PAR] \x91Gonzo\x92 is a style of journalism which gives the \x91voice of people\x92 top priority. It contains news, views or thoughts of the society i.e. reader, listener or viewer, which reflects the genuine voice of people belonging to all sections of the society [PAR] ‘GONZO JOURNALISM’ is a style of journalism which is written subjectively, often including the reporter as part of the story via a first person narrative. The style tends to blend factual and fictional elements to emphasise an underlying message and engage the reader. The word ‘Gonzo’ was first used in 1970 to describe an article by Hunter S Thompson, who later popularised the style. The term has since been applied to other subjective artistic endeavours. ‘Gonzo’ journalism tends to favour style over accuracy and often uses personal experiences and emotions to provide context for the topic or event being covered. It disregards the ‘polished’ edited product favoured by newspaper media and strives for the gritty factor. Use of quotations, sarcasm, humour, exaggeration, and even profanity is common. The use of ‘Gonzo journalism’ portends that journalism can be truthful without striving for objectivity and is loosely equivalent to an editorial. [PAR] The term ‘Gonzo’ in connection to Thompson was first used by Boston Globe magazine editor Bill Cardoso in 1970 when he described Thompson’s The Kentucky Derby Is Decadent and Depraved, which was written for the June 1970 Scanlan’s Monthly, as “pure ‘Gonzo journalism’.” Cardoso claimed that ‘Gonzo’ was South Boston Irish slang describing the last man standing after an all night drinking marathon. Cardoso also claimed that it was a corruption of the French Canadian word ‘gonzeaux’, which means “shining path”, although this is disputed. In Italian, ‘Gonzo’ is a common word for a gullible person, a ‘sucker’. Another speculation is that the word may have been inspired by the 1960 hit song Gonzo by New Orleans R&B keyboardist James Booker. This last possibility seems to be supported by the 2007 oral biography of Thompson where it is stated that the term ‘Gonzo’ is taken from a hit song by Booker. Yet, this conclusion still says little of why Thompson or Cardoso would use that word and not another. According to a Greg Johnson biographical note on\xa0 Booker, the song title ‘Gonzo’ comes from a 1960’s character in a movie called ‘The Pusher’. The movie on the other hand seems to have been inspired by a 1956 Evan Hunter’s novel by the same title, so it remains a mystery as to - who first used this word in American slang, and why. [PAR] In Focus [PAR] ‘Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas: A Savage Journey to the Heart of the American Dream’ followed the Mint 400 piece in 1971 and included a main character by the name of\xa0Raoul Duke, accompanied by his attorney, Dr Gonzo. Although this book is considered to be a prime example of ‘Gonzo journalism’, Thompson said that it was a failed experiment. He had intended it to be an unedited record of everything he did as it happened, but he edited the book five times before it was eventually published. Thompson would instigate events himself, often in a prankish or belligerent manner, and then document both his actions and those of others. Notoriously neglectful of deadlines, Thompson often greatly annoyed his editors because he often faxed articles late, too late to be edited but just in time to make the printers. It is speculated that Thompson’s work going to print unedited due to a late delivery was completely intentional. Thompson wanted his work to be read as he wrote it, in its “true Gonzo” form. “I don’t get any satisfaction out of the old traditional journalist’s view— ’I just covered the story. I just gave it a balanced view’,” Thompson said in an interview for the online edition of The Atlantic. “Objective journalism is one of the main reasons American politics has been allowed to be so corrupt for so long. You can’t be'}, 'question': {'What name is given to a style of journalism that is written subjectively, often including the reporter as part of the story via a first-person narrative?'}}

['gonzo']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] John Forbes Nash Jr., subject of \'A Beautiful Mind,\' dies ...John Forbes Nash Jr., subject of \'A Beautiful Mind,\' dies [PAR] John Forbes Nash Jr., subject of \'A Beautiful Mind,\' dies [PAR] More popular and trending stories [PAR] Renowned mathematician and Nobel Prize winner John Forbes Nash Jr. died in a car accident Saturday. His wife, Alicia Nash, was also killed.\xa0 [PAR] Citing police officials,\xa0 NJ.com reports \xa0Nash and his wife were thrown from the taxi cab they were riding in after it plowed into a center median. Police believe they were not wearing their seat belts.\xa0 [PAR] Nash, 86 years old at his time of death, was the subject of the 2001 film "A Beautiful Mind" starring Russell Crowe. The film focused on Nash\'s mathematical\xa0prowess\xa0and his battle with schizophrenia. (Video via\xa0 Universal Pictures / "A Beautiful Mind" ) [PAR] When news of Nash\'s death broke Sunday,\xa0 Crowe tweeted ,\xa0"Stunned...my heart goes out to John & Alicia & family."\xa0 [PAR] Nash is best known for his work in mathematics, especially\xa0game theory — the study of decision-making. In 1994,\xa0Nash\xa0won the Nobel Prize in economics for his research in the field. (Video via\xa0 Al \xa0Jazeera )\xa0 [PAR] No summons or arrests have yet been made in relation to the car accident.\xa0 [PAR] This video includes images from Getty Images and\xa0 Elke Wetzig /\xa0CC BY SA 3.0 . [PAR] Related[DOC] [TLE] John Forbes Nash Jr., Subject Of \'A Beautiful Mind,\' Dies ...John Forbes Nash Jr., Subject Of \'A Beautiful Mind,\' Dies (VIDEO) [PAR] Not what you\'re looking for? Try our Advanced Search [PAR] John Forbes Nash Jr., Subject Of \'A Beautiful Mind,\' Dies [PAR] John Nash was reportedly riding in a taxi in New Jersey with his wife, Alicia, when it crashed into a center median. [PAR] By\xa0Matt Moreno [PAR] May 24, 2015 [PAR] Renowned mathematician and Nobel Prize winner John Forbes Nash Jr. died in a car accident Saturday. His wife, Alicia Nash, was also killed.\xa0 [PAR] Citing police officials, NJ.com reports Nash and his wife were thrown from the taxi cab they were riding in after it plowed into a center median. Police believe they were not wearing their seat belts.\xa0 [PAR] Continue Reading [PAR] Nash, 86 years old at his time of death, was the subject of the 2001 film "A Beautiful Mind" starring Russell Crowe. The film focused on Nash\'s mathematical\xa0prowess\xa0and his battle with schizophrenia. (Video via\xa0 Universal Pictures / "A Beautiful Mind" ) [PAR] When news of Nash\'s death broke Sunday, Crowe tweeted ,\xa0"Stunned...my heart goes out to John & Alicia & family."\xa0 [PAR] Nash is best known for his work in mathematics, especially\xa0game theory — the study of decision-making. In 1994,\xa0Nash\xa0won the Nobel Prize in economics for his research in the field. (Video via\xa0 Al \xa0Jazeera )\xa0 [PAR] No summons or arrests have yet been made in relation to the car accident.\xa0[DOC] [TLE] John Forbes Nash Jr., Subject Of \'A Beautiful Mind,\' Dies ...John Forbes Nash Jr., Subject Of \'A Beautiful Mind,\' Dies - YouTube [PAR] John Forbes Nash Jr., Subject Of \'A Beautiful Mind,\' Dies [PAR] Want to watch this again later? [PAR] Sign in to add this video to a playlist. [PAR] Need to report the video? [PAR] Sign in to report inappropriate content. [PAR] The interactive transcript could not be loaded. [PAR] Loading... [PAR] Rating is available when the video has been rented. [PAR] This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. [PAR] Published on May 24, 2015 [PAR] Nash was reportedly riding in a taxi in New Jersey with his wife, Alicia, when it crashed into a center median. [PAR] Follow Matt Moreno: http://www.twitter.com/TheMattMoreno [PAR] See more at http://www.newsy.com [PAR] Transcript: [PAR] Renowned mathematician and Nobel Prize winner John Forbes Nash Jr.'}, 'question': {'"What was the preoccupation of John Nash Jr, the subject of the 2001 film ""A Beautiful Mind"" starring Russell Crowe?"'}}

['economics']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Robert Stephenson - Network RailRobert Stephenson [PAR] Robert Stephenson [PAR] 60% of the world’s railways use the Stephenson’s ‘standard’ gauge of 4ft81/4in\xa0 [PAR] Civil and mechanical engineer [PAR] Robert Stephenson built on the considerable achievements of his father, George. His forward thinking enabled the significant expansion of railways during the ‘railway mania’ of the mid nineteenth century. His expertise in both civil and mechanical engineering established the concept of the railway which developed in this country, and was then exported to the world.\xa0 [PAR] Robert Stephenson, the only son of George Stephenson was born on 16 October 1803. Times were hard for the Stephenson family, often living in one room dwellings while George worked on various machines at different collieries and mills. Despite this, George made sure that Robert received a full education, the quality of which increased with the father’s fortunes. After leaving the Bruce Academy in Newcastle in 1819, the young Robert was taken on as an apprentice mining engineer at Killingworth Colliery. With his increasing understanding of engineering, he helped his father in surveying the Stockton & Darlington Railway line, experience which led him to assist in the first surveys of the Liverpool & Manchester Railway. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Railway Mania [PAR] After the successful opening of both the Stockton & Darlington Railway and the Liverpool & Manchester Railway, Robert was in demand as a railway engineer. During the years of ‘railway mania’ during the 1830s and 1840s, he was appointed engineer to a great number of railways in the midlands, north of England and north Wales. His first major commission was the London & Birmingham Railway; opened in 1838 it was the first railway into London. With its terminus at Euston it went north west to Birmingham Curzon Street, forming a junction with the Grand Junction Railway and connecting the new line with the cities of Liverpool and Manchester. Works at Kilsby Tunnel (near Rugby) and the cuttings at Tring and Roade were major civil engineering undertakings. For the Chester & Holyhead Railway and the Newcastle & Berwick Railway he designed four very notable and different railway bridges, all of which are still in use today. The highly distinctive Conway (1848) and Britannia (1850) bridges in North Wales both incorporated box section wrought iron tubes. The High Level Bridge (1849), between Newcastle and Gateshead carried both a railway and a roadway from the outset on cast iron spans, while the Royal Border Bridge (1850) was a simple masonry structure. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Locomotives and the Rainhill Trials [PAR] Robert Stephenson & Co, Newcastle was established by George Stephenson in 1823, Robert being the firm’s managing partner. Foreseeing the demand for steam engines for the new railway, it was the first locomotive works in the world. The firm completed its first steam engine Locomotion just in time for the ceremonial opening of the Stockton & Darlington Railway in September 1825. [PAR] As early as 1822 while working on the Liverpool & Manchester Railway, Robert Stephenson strongly advocated the use of ‘travelling’ rather than fixed engines on the line, despite the preference of both the company directors and his father George for a fixed arrangement. After his return from South America in 1827, Robert found the question still under debate. The Directors proposed a competition to decide the best mode of traction for their new railway. Robert Stephenson & Co entered their locomotive Rocket into the Rainhill Trails in October 1829. It won, and convinced a watching world that locomotives were the future for the new railway. Robert Stephenson continued to improve on Rocket’s design, its multi-tubular boiler providing the template for steam locomotives built worldwide during the 19th and 20th centuries. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Railways for the world [PAR] With his growing reputation for railway engineering, both civil and mechanical, Robert Stephenson was able to travel abroad on various consultancies for overseas railways during the 1840s and 1850s. His most notable structures were all tubular bridges; the Victoria Bridge over the St Lawrence River in Montreal, and bridges over the Nile for the Egyptian Railway between Alexandria and Suez via Cairo. As either chief engineer or consultant to railway projects his work influenced the development of railways in Belgium, Switzerland, Norway, Denmark, Italy, and India'}, 'question': {'British engineers Isambard Kingdom Brunel and Robert Stephenson built their most impressive structures and locomotives in which century?'}}

['19th']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Copacabana Beach, Brazil Hotels - View Cheap Hotel Deals ...Cheap Hotels In Copacabana Beach - Book (The Cheapest) Hotels In 2017 [PAR] Fewer themes [PAR] Copacabana Beach Hotel & Travel Guide [PAR] Approximately 5 miles (7 kilometers) to the south of central Rio de Janeiro, you\'ll find the suburb of Copacabana Beach. [PAR] Spending time in Rio de Janeiro? You should consider experiencing some famous sights and attractions, including the Sugar Loaf Mountain and Corcovado. Additionally, the Museum of Modern Art is another worthwhile Rio de Janeiro highlight. [PAR] If you and your travel companions are thinking about a vacation in Rio de Janeiro, then you might like to spend a few nights in Copacabana Beach. There you can spend your vacation a stone\'s throw away from the Devil\'s Beach at the Hotel Fasano Rio de Janeiro and Ipanema Vieira Souto 500 Residence Service , or perhaps you\'d prefer to find a place to stay closer to the Copacabana Fort at the Belmond Copacabana Palace and Caesar Park Rio de Janeiro Ipanema Managed by Sofitel . [PAR] While Copacabana Beach features some lodging options, you may also like to consider staying in Flamengo and Leblon. Check out our Flamengo hotels guide and Travelocity\'s Leblon hotels guide . [PAR] Travelocity\'s extensive database boasts a good range of Rio de Janeiro places to kick your feet up. [PAR] Hide[DOC] [TLE] Copacabana Beach hotels in Rio de Janeiro, BrazilCopacabana Beach hotels in Arpoador, Rio de Janeiro [PAR] Copacabana Beach hotels in Arpoador, Rio de Janeiro [PAR] Copacabana [PAR] Top Trending Hotels Near Copacabana, Arpoador [PAR] Rating: 5.0 Stars [PAR] 4.4 out of 5 (367 reviews) [PAR] "One of the best hotels in RJ " [PAR] I stayed in many hotels in Rio, and so far this is the best one [PAR] Traveller from Washington DC [PAR] Check-out [PAR] Check Availability [PAR] Located in Copacabana, this beachfront hotel is in the city center and within 3 mi (5 km) of Praca Serzedelo Correia, Parque … More [PAR] Rating: 5.0 Stars [PAR] 4.5 out of 5 (909 reviews) [PAR] I have stayed in a lot of Hotels in the last few years, but Windsor Atlantica tops all of them!!! [PAR] Traveller from Cleveland, OH [PAR] Check-out [PAR] Check Availability [PAR] Nestled on the beach, this Copacabana hotel is within a 15-minute walk of Praia do Leme and Forte Duque de Caxias. Praca … More [PAR] Rating: 5.0 Stars [PAR] 4.7 out of 5 (824 reviews) [PAR] Awesome hotel! We\'ll go right back to this hotel the next time we\'re in Rio and Copacabana Beach. [PAR] A Traveller [PAR] Check-out [PAR] Check Availability [PAR] Miramar Hotel by Windsor sits near south Copacabana Beach along lively Avenida Atlantica, home to shops, bars, and … More [PAR] Rating: 5.0 Stars [PAR] 4.2 out of 5 (241 reviews) [PAR] "Great option in Rio!" [PAR] I love the Sofitel. I stayed in 3 hotels while in Rio, and the Sofitel is a wonderful choice- of the three, it is the best location, but an average hotel. It is on Copacabana beach, and a few minutes walk to Ipanema beach. The staff was wonderful. I highly recommend upgrading to the balcony views. Great sunrises and sunsets! [PAR] Traveller from NJ [PAR] Check-out [PAR] Check Availability [PAR] Located in Copacabana, this luxury hotel is 0 mi (0 km) from Copacabana Fort and 2.3 mi (3.7 km) from Leblon Beach. Dorival … More [PAR] Rating: 5.0 Stars [PAR] 4.7 out of 5 (425 reviews) [PAR] "True 5 star experience" [PAR] I spent the last 2 nights of my trip to Rio at this hotel to treat myself to a 5 star experience. The Copacabana Palace did not disappoint. The hotel is beautiful and elegant, the staff extremely attentive and friendly and the accomodations luxurious and comfortable. [PAR] Traveller from Nutley, NJ [PAR] Check-out [PAR] Check Availability [PAR] Located in Copacabana, this beachfront hotel is in the entertainment district and within 3 mi (5 km) of Praca Serzedelo … More [PAR] Rating: 4.0 Stars [PAR] 4.4 out of 5 (690 reviews) [PAR] "Sheet was dirty" [PAR] 1. Bed sheet was dirty'}, 'question': {'Copacabana Beach is close to which city?'}}

['rio de janeiro']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] The Colossus at Rhodes - About Geography: World Maps ...The Colossus at Rhodes [PAR] The Colossus at Rhodes [PAR] The Colossus at Rhodes [PAR] One of the Seven Ancient Wonders of the World [PAR] The Colossus of Rhodes (from the series The Eighth Wonders of the World) after Maarten van Heemskerck, 1572. Found in the collection of the Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam.\xa0 (Photo by Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images) [PAR] Share [PAR] By Jen Rosenberg, Contributing Writer [PAR] Located on the island of Rhodes (off the coast of modern Turkey ), the Colossus at Rhodes was a giant statue, about 110 feet tall, of the Greek sun-god Helios. Although finished in 282 BCE, this Wonder of the Ancient World only stood for 56 years, when it was toppled by an earthquake . Huge chunks of the former statue stayed on the beaches of Rhodes for 900 years, drawing people around the world to marvel at how man could create something so enormous. [PAR] Why Was the Colossus of Rhodes Built? [PAR] The city of Rhodes, located on the island of Rhodes, had been under siege for a year. Caught up in the heated and bloody battle between the three successors of Alexander the Great (Ptolemy, Seleucus, and Antigonus), Rhodes was attacked by Antigonus’ son, Demetrius, for supporting Ptolemy. [PAR] Demetrius tried everything to get inside the high-walled city of Rhodes. He brought 40,000 troops (more than the entire population of Rhodes), catapults, and pirates. He also brought a special corps of engineers that could make siege weapons specially geared to break into this particular city. [PAR] continue reading below our video [PAR] 10 Facts About the Titanic That You Don't Know [PAR] The most spectacular thing these engineers built was a 150-foot tower, mounted on iron wheels, that hosted a powerful catapult. To protect its gunners, leather shutters were installed. To protect it from fireballs hurled from the city, each of its nine stories had its own water tank. It took 3,400 of Demetrius’ soldiers to push this mighty weapon into place. [PAR] The citizens of Rhodes, however, flooded the area around their city, causing the mighty tower to wallow in mud. The people of Rhodes had fought back valiantly. When reinforcements came from Ptolemy in Egypt, Demetrius left the area in a hurry. In such a hurry, that Demetrius left nearly all of this weapons behind. [PAR] To celebrate their victory, the people of Rhodes decided to build a giant statue in honor of their patron god, Helios . [PAR] How Did They Build Such a Colossal Statue? [PAR] Funding is usually a problem for such a large project as the people of Rhodes had in mind; however, that was easily solved by using the weapons that Demetrius had left behind. The people of Rhodes melted down many of the leftover weapons to get bronze, sold other siege weapons for money, and then used the super siege weapon as the scaffolding for the project. [PAR] Rhodian sculptor Chares of Lindos, the pupil of Alexander the Great ’s sculptor Lysippus, was chosen to create this huge statue. Unfortunately, Chares of Lindos died before the sculpture could be completed. Some say he committed suicide, but that is probably a fable. [PAR] Exactly how Chares of Lindos constructed such a gigantic statue is still up for debate. Some have said that he built a huge, earthen ramp that got bigger as the statue got taller. Modern architects, however, have dismissed this idea as unpractical. [PAR] We do know that it took 12 years to build the Colossus of Rhodes, likely from 294 to 282 BCE, and cost 300 talents (at least $5 million in modern money). We also know that the statue had an exterior that consisted of an iron framework covered with bronze plates. Inside were two or three columns of stone that were the main supports for the structure. Iron rods connected the stone columns with the exterior iron framework. [PAR] What Did the Colossus of Rhodes Look Like? [PAR] The statue was to stand about 110 feet high, on top of a 50-foot stone pedestal (the modern Statue of Liberty is 111 feet high"}, 'question': {'The Colossus, one of the seven wonders of the world, was built where?'}}

['rhodes']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Oppenheimer security hearing - pediaview.comOppenheimer security hearing [PAR] Oppenheimer security hearing [PAR] Oppenheimer was probed in a controversial four-week hearing in 1954. [PAR] The Oppenheimer security hearing was a 1954 proceeding by the United States Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) that explored the background, actions, and associations of J. Robert Oppenheimer , the American scientist who had headed the Los Alamos Laboratory during World War II , where he played a key part in the Manhattan Project that developed the atomic bomb . The hearing resulted in Oppenheimer’s Q clearance being revoked. This marked the end of his formal relationship with the government of the United States, and generated considerable controversy regarding whether the treatment of Oppenheimer was fair, or whether it was an expression of anti-Communist McCarthyism . [PAR] Doubts about Oppenheimer’s loyalty dated back to the 1930s, when he was a member of numerous Communist front organizations, and was associated with Communist Party USA members, including his wife and his brother. These associations were known to Army Counter-intelligence at the time he was made director of the Los Alamos Laboratory in 1942, and chairman of the influential General Advisory Committee of the AEC in 1947. In this capacity Oppenheimer became involved in bureaucratic conflict between the Army and Air Force over the types of nuclear weapons the country required, technical conflict between the scientists over the feasibility of the hydrogen bomb , and personal conflict with AEC commissioner Lewis Strauss . [PAR] The proceedings were initiated after Oppenheimer refused to voluntarily give up his security clearance while working as an atomic weapons consultant for the government, under a contract due to expire at the end of June 1954. Several of his colleagues testified at the hearings. As a result of the two to one decision of the hearing’s three judges, he was stripped of his security clearance one day before his consultant contract was due to expire. The panel found that he was loyal and discreet with atomic secrets, but did not recommend that his security clearance be reinstated. [PAR] The loss of his security clearance ended Oppenheimer’s role in government and policy. He became an academic exile, cut off from his former career and the world he had helped to create. The reputations of those who had testified against Oppenheimer were tarnished as well, and Oppenheimer’s reputation was later partly rehabilitated by Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson . The brief period when scientists were hailed as heroes uniquely qualified to comment on public policy was ended, and scientists working within the government were on notice that dissent was no longer tolerated. [PAR] Contents [PAR] Background [PAR] Robert Oppenheimer [PAR] Before World War II , J. Robert Oppenheimer had been professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley . The scion of a wealthy New York family, [1] he was a graduate of Harvard University , and had studied in Europe at the University of Cambridge in England, [2] the University of Göttingen in Germany (where he had earned his doctorate in physics under the supervision of Max Born at the age of 23), [3] and the University of Leiden in the Netherlands. [2] As one of the few American physicists with a deep understanding of the new field of quantum mechanics , he was hired by the University of California in 1929. [4] [5] [PAR] As a theoretical physicist, Oppenheimer had considerable achievements. In a 1930 paper on the Dirac equation , he had predicted the existence of the positron . A 1938 paper co-written with Robert Serber explored the properties of white dwarf stars. This was followed by one co-written with one of his students, George Volkoff , in which they demonstrated that there was a limit, the so-called Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit , to the mass of stars beyond which they would not remain stable as neutron stars and would undergo gravitational collapse. In 1939, with another of his students, Hartland Snyder , he went further and predicted the existence of what are today known as black holes . It would be decades before the significance of this was appreciated. [6] [PAR] Still, Oppenheimer was not well known before the war, and certainly not as renowned as his friend and colleague Ernest O. Lawrence , who was awarded the Nobel'}, 'question': {'Who was the subject of a 4 week inquiry by the US Atomic Energy Commission in 1954 into his background, actions and associations, due to suspicions that he was a member of the Communist Party and might have spied for the Soviet Union, which resulted in his top secret security clearance being revoked?'}}

['robert oppenheimer']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] William the ConquerorWilliam I (Old Norman: Williame I; ; c. 1028Bates William the Conqueror p. 33\xa0– 9\xa0September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first Norman King of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 1087. The descendant of Viking raiders, he had been Duke of Normandy since 1035. After a long struggle to establish his power, by 1060 his hold on Normandy was secure, and he launched the Norman conquest of England in 1066. The rest of his life was marked by struggles to consolidate his hold over England and his continental lands and by difficulties with his eldest son. [PAR] William was the son of the unmarried Robert I, Duke of Normandy, by Robert's mistress Herleva. His illegitimate status and his youth caused some difficulties for him after he succeeded his father, as did the anarchy that plagued the first years of his rule. During his childhood and adolescence, members of the Norman aristocracy battled each other, both for control of the child duke and for their own ends. In 1047 William was able to quash a rebellion and begin to establish his authority over the duchy, a process that was not complete until about 1060. His marriage in the 1050s to Matilda of Flanders provided him with a powerful ally in the neighbouring county of Flanders. By the time of his marriage, William was able to arrange the appointments of his supporters as bishops and abbots in the Norman church. His consolidation of power allowed him to expand his horizons, and by 1062 William was able to secure control of the neighbouring county of Maine. [PAR] In the 1050s and early 1060s William became a contender for the throne of England, then held by the childless Edward the Confessor, his first cousin once removed. There were other potential claimants, including the powerful English earl Harold Godwinson, who was named the next king by Edward on the latter's deathbed in January 1066. William argued that Edward had previously promised the throne to him, and that Harold had sworn to support William's claim. William built a large fleet and invaded England in September 1066, decisively defeating and killing Harold at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066. After further military efforts William was crowned king on Christmas Day 1066, in London. He made arrangements for the governance of England in early 1067 before returning to Normandy. Several unsuccessful rebellions followed, but by 1075 William's hold on England was mostly secure, allowing him to spend the majority of the rest of his reign on the continent. [PAR] William's final years were marked by difficulties in his continental domains, troubles with his eldest son, and threatened invasions of England by the Danes. In 1086 William ordered the compilation of the Domesday Book, a survey listing all the landholders in England along with their holdings. William died in September 1087 while leading a campaign in northern France, and was buried in Caen. His reign in England was marked by the construction of castles, the settling of a new Norman nobility on the land, and change in the composition of the English clergy. He did not try to integrate his various domains into one empire, but instead continued to administer each part separately. William's lands were divided after his death: Normandy went to his eldest son, Robert, and his second surviving son, William, received England. [PAR] Background [PAR] Norsemen first began raiding in what became Normandy in the late 8th century. Permanent Scandinavian settlement occurred before 911, when Rollo, one of the Viking leaders, and King Charles the Simple of France reached an agreement surrendering the county of Rouen to Rollo. The lands around Rouen became the core of the later duchy of Normandy.Collins Early Medieval Europe pp. 376–377 Normandy may have been used as a base when Scandinavian attacks on England were renewed at the end of the 10th century, which would have worsened relations between England and Normandy.Williams Æthelred the Unready pp. 42–43 In an effort to improve matters, King Æthelred the Unready took Emma of Normandy, sister of Duke Richard II, as his second wife in 1002.Williams Æthelred the Unready pp. 54–55 [PAR] Danish raids on England continued,"}, 'question': {'What was the name of the result of a nationwide census of virtually everything in Britain that was ordered by William I in 1085?'}}

['domesday book' 'domesday']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Generals At War The Battle of El Alamein - YouTubeGenerals At War The Battle of El Alamein - YouTube [PAR] Generals At War The Battle of El Alamein [PAR] Want to watch this again later? [PAR] Sign in to add this video to a playlist. [PAR] Need to report the video? [PAR] Sign in to report inappropriate content. [PAR] The interactive transcript could not be loaded. [PAR] Loading... [PAR] Rating is available when the video has been rented. [PAR] This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. [PAR] Published on May 7, 2014 [PAR] I do not own the rights to this video. For educational purposes only. [PAR] The Second Battle of El Alamein (23 October -- 11 November 1942) took place near the Egyptian coastal city of El Alamein. With the Allies victorious, it marked a major turning point in the Western Desert Campaign of the Second World War. It followed the First Battle of El Alamein, which had stalled the Axis advance into Egypt, after which, in August 1942, Lieutenant-General Bernard Montgomery had taken command of the British Eighth Army from General Claude Auchinleck. This victory turned the tide in the North African Campaign and ended the Axis threat to Egypt, the Suez Canal, and of gaining access to the Middle Eastern and Persian oil fields via North Africa. From a psychological perspective, Second El Alamein revived the morale of the Allies, being the first major offensive against the Axis since the start of the European war in 1939 in which the Western Allies achieved a decisive victory. [PAR] Category[DOC] [TLE] Battle of El Alamein - World War II - HISTORY.comBattle of El Alamein - World War II - HISTORY.com [PAR] Battle of El Alamein [PAR] A+E Networks [PAR] Introduction [PAR] The Battle of El Alamein marked the culmination of the World War II North African campaign between the British Empire and the German-Italian army. Deploying a far larger contingent of soldiers and tanks than the opposition, British commander Bernard Law Montgomery launched an infantry attack at El Alamein on Oct. 23, 1942. German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel returned to battle from illness and tried to halt the tide, but the British advantage in personnel and artillery proved too overwhelming. After Hitler blocked an initial retreat in early November, Rommel managed to escape annihilation by withdrawing his men to Tunisia. [PAR] Google [PAR] The Battle of El Alamein marked the culmination of the North African campaign between the forces of the British Empire and the German-Italian army commanded in the field by Erwin Rommel in World War II . Having taken Tobruk in June 1942, Rommel advanced into Egypt but had been checked and beaten at Alam Halfa in September; thereafter the initiative had passed. [PAR] Rommel mined and fortified a forty-mile line in considerable depth and strength–unusually, in a desert war, both flanks were sealed, by the Mediterranean in the north and by the Qattara Depression in the south. To break this line and destroy the Axis forces was the task of Bernard Montgomery, commanding the British imperial forces. The battle would be a set-piece affair–there could be little opportunity for maneuver. [PAR] Rommel (on sick leave when the battle began but having personally planned the defense) commanded thirteen divisions and five hundred tanks, totaling about 100,000 men. Montgomery disposed of approximately double the number of tanks and men–an army of British, Australians, New Zealanders, Indians, and South Africans, together with some French and Greek units; Allied air superiority stood at about the same proportion. Battle began on October 23, and the result, after ten days of ferocious pounding, was complete Allied victory, although Rommel’s army escaped annihilation and slipped away from an unenterprising pursuit. [PAR] El Alamein was a battle of World War I character–methodical, using massed artillery, with limited advances made good and counterattacks defeated until breakout. Its significance was great. The Panzerarmee withdrew, ultimately to Tunisia; within days of El Alamein, Anglo-American forces landed in Morocco. By May 1943 the campaign was over and the Mediterranean dominated by the Allies. Meanwhile, in Russia the Germans were suffering disaster at Stalingrad : the two battles–Stalingrad and El Alamein–proved to be the watershed'}, 'question': {'The Battles of Alamein, Britain and the Bulge took place in which war?'}}

['second world war']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Priestley Medal,Priestley Medal awardees | edubilla.comPriestley Medal,Priestley Medal awardees | edubilla.com [PAR] Organized Country : United States [PAR] First Award : 1923 [PAR] The Priestley Medal is the highest honor conferred by the American Chemical Society (ACS) and is awarded for distinguished service in the field of chemistry.Established in 1922, the award is named after Joseph Priestley, the discoverer of oxygen who immigrated to the United States of America in 1794. The ACS formed in 1876, spearheaded by a group of chemists who had met two years previously in Priestley\'s home.The Priestley Medal is commonly awarded to scientists who are advanced in their fields, as it is intended to commemorate lifetime achievement.When the ACS started presenting the Priestley Medal in 1923, they intended to award it every three years. This continued until 1944, when it became an annual award. [PAR] Awarded for: [PAR] Distinguished service in the field of chemistry [PAR] Award Organized By: American Chemical Society [PAR] Latest Priestley Medal Awarded[DOC] [TLE] Event - Priestley Medal - ZapadayEvent - Priestley Medal [PAR] Priestley Medal [PAR] Tue 25 Mar 2014 unconfirmed [PAR] Priestley Medal [PAR] Last Update: 6 years ago [PAR] Washington, Arkansas, United States [PAR] The Priestley Medal is the highest honor conferred by the American Chemical Society (ACS) and is awarded for distinguished service in the field of chemistry.Established in 1922, the award is named after Joseph Priestley, the discoverer of oxygen who immigrated to the United States of America in 1794.The medal was originally awarded once every three years. However, since 1944 it has been awarded yearly.[DOC] [TLE] Science - Awards & WinnersScience - Awards & Winners [PAR] Science [PAR] Thomas D. Clareson Award for Distinguished Service [PAR] The American Astronomical Society is an American society of professional astronomers and other interested individuals, headquartered in Washington, DC. The primary objective of the AAS is to promote the advancement of astronomy and closely related branches of science, while the secondary purpose includes enhancing astronomy education and providing a political voice for its members through lobbying and grassroots activities. [PAR] The Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP) is a scientific and educational organization, founded in San Francisco on February 7, 1889. Its name derives from its origins on the Pacific Coast, but today it has members all over the country and the world. It has the legal status of a nonprofit organization. [PAR] The Gold Medal is the highest award of the Royal Astronomical Society. The medal features an image of the 40-foot telescope that was constructed by German-born astronomer Sir William Herschel. [PAR] The Henry Draper Medal is awarded by the United States National Academy of Sciences "for investigations in astronomical physics". Named after Henry Draper, the medal is awarded with a gift of USD $15,000. [PAR] The American Society for Cell Biology\'s highest honor for science, the E.B. Wilson Medal is presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for significant and far-reaching contributions to cell biology over the course of a career. It is named after Edmund Beecher Wilson. [PAR] The International Prize for Biology is an annual award for significant contributions to biology. The award was created in 1985 to recognize Emperor Hirohito of Japan\'s longtime interest in and support of the biological sciences. [PAR] The Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize for Biology or Biochemistry is an annual prize awarded by Columbia University to a researcher or group of researchers who have made an outstanding contribution in basic research in the fields of biology or biochemistry. The prize was established at the bequest of S. Gross Horwitz and is named to honor his mother. The prize was first awarded in 1967. [PAR] The NAS Award in Molecular Biology is awarded by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences "for recent notable discovery in molecular biology by a young scientist who is a citizen of the United States." It has been awarded annually since its inception in 1962. [PAR] The Overton Prize is an annual prize is awarded for outstanding accomplishment to a scientist in the early to mid stage of his or her career who has already made a significant contribution to the field of computational biology either through research, education, service, or a combination of the three. The prize was established by the International Society for Computational Biology in memory of G. Christian'}, 'question': {'The Priestley medal is awarded for excellence in what field?'}}

['chemical sciences' 'chemistry' 'applied chemistry']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Pont Neuf - Pont Neuf Bridge in Paris - destination360.comPont Neuf - Pont Neuf Bridge in Paris [PAR] Pont Neuf [PAR] Visit Paris [PAR] Share [PAR] Pont Neuf means New Bridge, which it was back in 1607 when it was inaugurated by King Henry IV. Today, the Pont Neuf Bridge in Paris is the oldest bridge spanning the River Seine in the city. It crosses the western tip of Ile de la Cite , one of two natural islands in the river within the city, and home of the magnificent Gothic Notre Dame Cathedral . It connects the Rive Gauche (Left Bank) with Rive Droit (Right Bank) in the heart of the oldest part of the city. [PAR] Pont Neuf [PAR] The history of Pont Neuf is central to the history of the city. The need for a Pont Neuf Bridge in Paris was recognized as early as 1550 when traffic became too heavy for the Pont Notre Dame. The decision to actually build it wasn't made until 1577 when there were sufficient funds for the construction. King Henry III laid its first stone in 1588, and it was completed by his son in 1607. An equestrian statue of the monarch stands at the place where the bridge crosses the Ile de la Cite. If you decide to explore Pont Neuf on a boat, tour this is where the majority of the sightseeing cruises dock. [PAR] A history of Pont Neuf is not complete without a discussion of both commerce and crime. Even before the bridge was completed, brigands and thieves hung out near it, waylaying travelers as they passed by. There was even a Pont Neuf gallows to dispatch the worst of them. In the eighteenth century, it drew street performers, pickpockets, charlatans, and prostitutes and their clientele. But more legitimate businesses also sprung up: tooth pullers and French poodle groomers, vendors of all sorts of goods, silversmiths, and rug sellers. Even the artists of the time would sell their canvases here. Today, you can actually view some of these paintings in the city's museums , including the Louvre , which is within walking distance. Artists were allowed to display their work only until noon, at which time they moved to the emerging Montmartre neighborhood. [PAR] Paris Map [PAR] The history of Pont Neuf as a center of Parisian culture began to decline in the mid-1700s, when the Champs Elysees and the other broad boulevards for which Paris is famous became passé. Most of the introductory panoramic Paris tours include the Pont Neuf on their itineraries, and any visitor who embarks on Seine River cruises will undoubtedly at least pass by it. It is truly a lovely sight from the water; a magnificent sight at night, with the cityscape dramatically illuminated around it. [PAR] The Pont Neuf Bridge in Paris is built of stone and comprised of two spans. The one from the left bank to the Ile de la Cite contains five arches; the one from the right back to the island has seven arches. Before the bridge was built, all Paris bridges also supported houses, but not this one. Henry IV decided not to allow houses so there would be an unobstructed view of the Louvre. And this bridge was the first to have pedestrian walkways with protections built in, so strollers were not run down by carriages or splashed with mud. [PAR] Hotels[DOC] [TLE] Pont Neuf - Bridge in Paris - Thousand WondersPont Neuf - Bridge in Paris - Thousand Wonders [PAR] Wikipedia | Google | Google Images | Flickr [PAR] In contrary to what its name may suggest, Pont Neuf, ‘New Bridge’ in English, is the oldest bridge spanning the River Seine [PAR] in Paris . Officially opened in 1607, the name was given at the time to separate it from other bridges across the river. The older bridges were typically lined with houses on both sides. Pont Neuf is located at the western tip of the Île de la Cité, a famous island in the middle of the river, and in the heart of the city, that used to be the center of medieval Paris. [PAR] Pont Neuf is, together with Pont Alexandre III, the most famous bridge in Paris and definitely one of the most beautiful. [PAR] History [PAR] In the middle of"}, 'question': {'Built in 1607, Pont Neuf spans what river?'}}

['seine' 'seine river']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Opera BabesThe Opera Babes are a crossover classical music duo, consisting of Karen England (born 1974), mezzo-soprano, and Rebecca Knight (born 1970), soprano. [PAR] The duo came to wide attention when they sang "Un bel dì vedremo" (from the opera Madame Butterfly) on television sports programmes, beginning in 2002. In addition to performing with major orchestras in Britain and touring with their own shows, they released their first album, Beyond Imagination in 2002 and their second album, Renaissance, in 2006. [PAR] Background and history [PAR] The Opera Babes met in Cambridge while performing Mozart\'s The Magic Flute in a touring opera company. England studied at Leeds University and London\'s Guildhall School of Music and Drama. Knight, whose mother is the opera singer Gillian Knight, wrote for children\'s television early in her career. Both women have performed with the English touring company Opera della Luna and at the International Gilbert and Sullivan Festival. They began busking together in 2001 on London\'s Covent Garden, where they were first spotted and were signed for their first album by Sony. They became famous for singing "Un bel dì vedremo" ("One fine day we shall see" from the opera Madame Butterfly), the song that ITV used for their World Cup 2002 programmes, at the FA Cup final and at the UEFA Champions League final in Milan. Knight explained the group\'s strategy to BBC News as follows: "[W]e have tried to maintain the classical integrity while making these things more appealing to a wider audience." [PAR] The Opera Babes released their first album, Beyond Imagination in 2002 (ranking No. 1 on the UK Classical Chart for eleven weeks, and No. 4 on the US Billboard Classical Crossover Albums chart. In addition to the "One Fine Day" track being selected as the World Cup 2002 theme by ITV, British Airways chose another of the tracks, "Lakme H2O", a "stylish re-imagining of the Flower Duet from Lakmé", for a commercial. One reviewer wrote: "If you\'re a young individual with a remote interest in the classical genre, this disc is the perfect introduction". The album has sold over 1.7 million copies.[http://www.operababes.com/#!__about About], Operababes.com, accessed 3 January 2013 The artists soon had a falling out with their producer, SonyBMG, which asked them to concentrate on studio work, rather than performing live. "We were originally discovered busking ... so I would have thought it was obvious that we loved performing live, yet Sony weren\'t interested", said Karen England.[http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/display.var.922353.0.0.php Guardian article], 2006 [PAR] The Opera Babes have performed in concert with orchestras such as the Philharmonia, the Halle, the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, the BBC Concert Orchestra, the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra, the Royal Scottish National Orchestra, the London Symphony Orchestra, and the Berlin Symphony Orchestra, among others. They also performed for Queen Elizabeth II at the Festival of Remembrance at the Royal Albert Hall, the launch of the Commonwealth Games at Buckingham Palace, and Proms at the Palace for the Queen\'s Jubilee celebrations. They have also performed at the Los Angeles Opera House with Plácido Domingo, and were the first British classical act to perform in Las Vegas.[http://www.soschildrensvillages.org.uk/sos-childrens-charity/our-friends/ SOS Children\'s Celebrity Supporters], accessed 26 June 2009 In 2003 they performed Beethoven\'s "Ode to Joy" with Andre Rieu. They have performed on GMTV, Des & Mel, Good Morning America and Fox and Friends. The Opera Babes have also been the subject of three UK documentaries for ITV and one US documentary for CBS. Since 2005, the Opera Babes have been Ambassadors of SOS Children\'s Villages, an international orphan charity providing homes and mothers for orphaned and abandoned children. [PAR] The Opera Babes\' second album, Renaissance, another classical and "crossover" collection, was released in 2006 on the independent label, Instant Karma UK. Swansea\'s Home Front magazine wrote, "Renaissance is really superb. Tracks include \'Casta Diva\' [from the opera Norma]'}, 'question': {'"In 2001, Karen England and Rebecca Knight, found busking in Covent Garden to support singing lessons, were invited to perform at the FA Cup Final & the UEFA Champions League final in Milan. Their album ""Beyond Imagination"" was #1 in the UK Classical Charts for 11 weeks and #4 in the USA. What are they better known as?"'}}

['rebecca knight' 'operababes']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] The Amy Winehouse Picture Pages - SuperiorPics.comThe Amy Winehouse Picture Pages [PAR] Rehab [PAR] Background: [PAR] “If I heard someone else singing like me, I would buy it in a heartbeat.” Amy Winehouse [PAR] Five-time Grammy Award-winning English singer-songwriter Amy Winehouse, who debuted with the album “Frank” (2003), achieved international success in 2006 with the release of her second album, “Back to Black.” It spawned a number of singles, including "Rehab," "You Know I\'m No Good," "Back to Black," "Tears Dry on Their Own," and "Love Is a Losing Game." [PAR] The first British artist to win 5 Grammy Awards in a single year (2008), Winehouse was featured on Rolling Stone\'s website as one of 10 artists to watch for in the year 2007 and voted the ultimate heroine in the Sky.com poll (April 2008). Back in 2004, she joined Sunday Times young music rich list for the first time with an estimated fortune of $20million. [PAR] “My justification is that most people my age spend a lot of time thinking about what they’re going to do for the next five or ten years. The time they spend thinking about their life, I just spend drinking.” Amy Winehouse (on drinking) [PAR] This 5\' 3" talented musician with a soulful voice, a number of old school tattoos of naked women on her body, long black hair styled into a \'60s-inspired beehive, and extreme black eyeliner, has become regular tabloid news for her drug and alcohol addiction, as well as self-destructive behavior. Alongside her husband Blake Fielder-Civil, she has also been plagued by legal troubles. In November 2008, Winehouse reportedly met with divorce lawyers to discuss a formal separation from her husband. [PAR] “I know I\'m talented, but I wasn\'t put here to sing. I was put here to be a wife and a mom and look after my family. I love what I do, but it\'s not where it begins and ends.” Amy Winehouse [PAR] Rebellious Amy [PAR] Childhood and Family: [PAR] Born in Camden, London, England, on September 14, 1983, Amy Jade Winehouse grew up in Southgate. She attended Ashmole School. The daughter of Janis, a pharmacist, and Mitchell Winehouse, a taxi driver, Amy has one older brother named Alex. [PAR] At 9, Amy attended the Susi Earnshaw Theatre School and then the Sylvia Young Theatre School in Marylebone, London, at 12. A rebellious girl, Amy was expelled at 14 for not applying herself, piercing her own nose, and tattooing her body. She briefly studied at BRIT School in Selhurst, Croydon, with singer Katie Melua. [PAR] “He proposed at home and I took a day to finally agree. Obviously we are both young and it is frightening. But it is the right thing to do. That is why I agreed. I\'m a very lucky girl to have found someone I love so much. I hope to be with him for the rest of my life.” Amy Winehouse (on getting engaged to Blake Fielder-Civil) [PAR] On May 18, 2007, Amy married Blake Fielder-Civil in Miami, Florida. She recalled, “My dad was alright about it really - it was more my mum that wasn\'t. I would have loved my family to have been there but it was something just for us. We just wanted to go away and do something with no fuss. We\'ve got to do something here now. I\'ve got to go to Tiffany\'s to get my engagement ring re-sized and we\'ll pick out matching wedding bands.” [PAR] Blake was sentenced to 27 months behind bars for grievous bodily harm and attempting to pervert the course of justice. He was released from jail early on November 5, 2008, and was then admitted directly to a rehab facility. Not long after, Amy, who has not seen Blake since his release, reportedly met with divorce lawyers to discuss a formal separation from Blake. [PAR] "It\'s over.'}, 'question': {'"Who wrote and performed the song ""Rehab"" that won the 2007 Ivor Novello Award for Best Contemporary Song, and Grammy Awards in 2008 for Record of the Year, Song of the Year, and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance?"'}}

['amy winehouse' 'mitch winehouse' 'winehouse']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Death anxiety (psychology)Death anxiety is the morbid, abnormal, or persistent fear of one\'s own mortality. One source defines death anxiety as a "feeling of dread, apprehension or solicitude (anxiety) when one thinks of the process of dying, or ceasing to ‘be’". It is also referred to as thanatophobia (fear of death), and is distinguished from necrophobia, which is a specific fear of dead or dying persons and/or things (i.e. others who are dead or dying, not one\'s own death or dying). Lower ego integrity, increased numbers of physical problems, and more psychological problems are predictive of higher levels of death anxiety in elderly people. [PAR] Types [PAR] Robert Langs distinguishes three types of death anxiety:http://www.escp.org/death_anxiety.html; Langs, R. (2004). "Death anxiety and the emotion-processing mind," Psychoanalytic Psychology, vol. 21, no.1, 31-53; Langs, R. (2004) Fundamentals of Adaptive Psychotherapy and Counseling. London: Palgrave-Macmillan [PAR] [PAR] ;Predatory death anxiety [PAR] Predatory death anxiety arises from the fear of being harmed. It is the most basic and oldest form of death anxiety, with its origins stemming from the first unicellular organisms’ set of adaptive resources. Unicellular organisms have receptors that have evolved to react to external dangers and they also have self-protective, responsive mechanisms made to guarantee survival in the face of chemical and physical forms of attack or danger. In humans, this form of death anxiety is evoked by a variety of danger situations that put the recipient at risk or threatens their survival. These traumas may be psychological and/or physical. Predatory death anxieties mobilize an individual’s adaptive resources and lead to fight or flight, active efforts to combat the danger or attempts to escape the threatening situation. [PAR] ;Predation or predator death anxiety [PAR] Predation or predator death anxiety is a form of death anxiety that arises from an individual physically and/or mentally harming another. This form of death anxiety is often accompanied by unconscious guilt.Langs, R. (1997). Death Anxiety and Clinical Practice. London: Karnac Books; Langs, R. (2004). "Death anxiety and the emotion-processing mind," Psychoanalytic Psychology, vol. 21, no.1, 31-53; Langs, R. (2004) Fundamentals of Adaptive Psychotherapy and Counseling. London: Palgrave-Macmillan This guilt, in turn, motivates and encourages a variety of self made decisions and actions by the perpetrator of harm to others. [PAR] ;Existential death anxiety [PAR] Existential death anxiety is the basic knowledge and awareness that natural life must end. It is said that existential death anxiety directly correlates to language; that is, language has created the basis for this type of death anxiety through communicative and behavioral changes. Existential death anxiety is known to be the most powerful form. There is an awareness of the distinction between self and others, a full sense of personal identity, and the ability to anticipate the future. Humans defend against this type of death anxiety through denial, which is effected through a wide range of mental mechanisms and physical actions many of which also go unrecognized. While limited use of denial tends to be adaptive, its use is usually excessive and proves to be costly emotionally. [PAR] [PAR] Awareness of human mortality arose through some 150,000 years ago. In that extremely short span of evolutionary time, humans have fashioned but a single basic mechanism with which they deal with the existential death anxieties this awareness has evoked—denial in its many forms. Thus denial is basic to such diverse actions as breaking rules and violating frames and boundaries, manic celebrations, violence directed against others, attempts to gain extraordinary wealth and/or power—and more. These pursuits often are activated by a death-related trauma and while they may lead to constructive actions, more often than not, they lead to actions that are, in the short and long run, damaging to self and others. [PAR] Theories [PAR] Thanatophobia [PAR] Sigmund Freud hypothesized that people express a fear of death, called thanatophobia. He saw this as a disguise for a deeper source'}, 'question': {'What name is given to the unnatural fear of death?'}}

['fear of death' 'thanatophobia']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] States That Border Canada - GeographyCanada's History, Government, and Geography [PAR] Area: 3,855,085 square miles (9,984,670 sq km) [PAR] Bordering Country: The United States [PAR] Coastline: 125,567 miles (202,080 km) [PAR] History of Canada [PAR] The first people to live in Canada were the Inuit and First Nation Peoples. The first Europeans to reach the country were likely the Vikings and it is believed that Norse explorer Leif Eriksson led them to the coast of Labrador or Nova Scotia in 1000 C.E. [PAR] European settlement did not begin in Canada until the 1500s. In 1534, French explorer Jacques Cartier discovered the St. [PAR] continue reading below our video [PAR] 10 Best Universities in the United States [PAR] Lawrence River while searching for fur and shortly thereafter, he claimed Canada for France. The French began to settle there in 1541 but an official settlement was not established until 1604. That settlement, called Port Royal, was located in what is now Nova Scotia. [PAR] In addition to the French, the English also began exploring Canada for its fur and fish trade and in 1670 established the Hudson's Bay Company. In 1713 a conflict developed between the English and French and the English won control of Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, and Hudson Bay. The Seven Year’s War, in which England sought to gain more control of the country then began in 1756. That war ended in 1763 and England was given full control of\xa0Canada with the Treaty of Paris. [PAR] In the years after the Treaty of Paris, English colonists flocked to Canada from England and the United States. In 1849, Canada was given the right to self-government and the country of Canada was officially established in 1867. It was comprised of Upper Canada (the area that became Ontario), Lower Canada (the area that became Quebec), Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. [PAR] In 1869, Canada continued to grow when\xa0it bought land from the Hudson’s Bay Company. This land was later divided into different provinces, one of which was Manitoba. It joined\xa0Canada in 1870 followed by British Columbia in 1871 and Prince Edward Island in 1873. The country then grew again in 1901 when Alberta and Saskatchewan joined Canada. It remained this size until 1949 when Newfoundland became the tenth province.\xa0 [PAR] Languages in Canada [PAR] Because of the long history of conflict between the English and French in Canada, a division between the two still exists in the country’s languages today. In Quebec the official language at the provincial level is French and there have been several Francophone initiatives to ensure that the language remains prominent there. In addition, there have been numerous initiatives for secession. The most recent was in 1995 but it failed by a margin of 50.6 to 49.4. [PAR] There are also some French-speaking communities in other portions of Canada, mostly on the east coast, but the majority of the rest of the country speaks English. At the federal level, however, the country is officially bilingual. [PAR] Canada's Government [PAR] Canada is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy and federation. It has three branches of government. The first is the executive which consists of the head of state, who is represented by a governor general, and the prime minister who is considered the head of government. The second branch is the legislative which is a bicameral parliament consisting of the Senate and House of Commons. The third branch is made up of the Supreme Court . [PAR] Industry and Land Use in Canada [PAR] Canada’s industry and land uses vary based on region. The eastern portion of the country is the most industrialized but Vancouver, British Columbia, a major seaport, and Calgary, Alberta are some western cities that are highly industrialized as well. Alberta also produces 75% of Canada’s oil and is important for coal and natural gas . [PAR] Canada’s resources include nickel (mainly from Ontario), zinc, potash, uranium, sulfur, asbestos, aluminum, and copper. Hydroelectric power and pulp and paper industries are also important. In addition, agriculture and ranching play a significant role in the Prairie Provinces (Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba) and several parts of the rest of the country."}, 'question': {'How many US states share a land border with Canada?'}}

['10']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Ganymede (mythology) - Myths of the World Wiki - WikiaGanymede (mythology) | Myths of the World Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia [PAR] Myths of the World Wiki [PAR] File:Bust Ganymede Louvre Ma535.jpg [PAR] In Greek mythology , Ganymede, or Ganymedes ( Greek : Γανυμήδης, Ganymēdēs), is a divine hero whose homeland was Troy . He was a prince, son of the eponymous Tros of Dardania and of Callirrhoe , and brother of Ilus and Assaracus . Ganymede was the most attractive of mortals, which led Zeus to abduct him, in the form of an eagle, to serve as cup-bearer to the gods and, in Classical and Hellenistic Greece, as Zeus\'s eromenos . For the etymology of his name, Robert Graves \' The Greek Myths offers ganyesthai + medea, "rejoicing in virility". The word " catamite " (boy kept by a pederast ) is derived from Ganymede. [PAR] One of the moons of Jupiter is named after him, and was discovered by Galileo Galilei . [PAR] Contents [PAR] Edit [PAR] Ganymede was abducted by Zeus from Mount Ida in Phrygia , the setting for more than one myth element bearing on the early mythic history of Troy . [1] Ganymede was there, passing the time of exile many heroes undergo in their youth, by tending a flock of sheep or, alternatively, during the chthonic or rustic aspect of his education, while gathering among his friends and tutors. Zeus, either sending an eagle or turning himself to an eagle transported Ganymede to Mount Olympus . His father was mollified by the gift of fine horses: in the Iliad , the Achaean Diomedes is keen to capture the horses of Aeneas : "They are of the stock that great Jove gave to Tros in payment for his son Ganymede, and are the finest that live and move under the sun." [2] [PAR] File:Ganyrubn.jpg [PAR] As a Trojan , Ganymede is identified as part of the earliest, pre- Hellenic level of Aegean myth. Plato \'s Laws states the opinion that the Ganymede myth had been invented by the Cretans– Minoan Crete being a power center of pre-Greek culture – to account for " pleasure [...] against nature " [3] imported thence into Greece, as Plato\'s character indignantly declares. Homer doesn\'t dwell on the erotic aspect of Ganymede\'s abduction, but it is certainly in an erotic context that the goddess refers to Ganymede\'s blond Trojan beauty in the Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite, mentioning Zeus\'s love for Trojan Ganymede as part of her enticement of Trojan Anchises . [PAR] The Argonautica of Apollonius of Rhodes presents a vignette (in Book III) of an immature Ganymede furious for having been cheated at knucklebones by Eros . Aphrodite then arrives and chides her son, Eros, for "cheating a beginner." The Roman poet Ovid adds vivid detail - and veiled irony directed against critics of homosexual love: aged tutors reaching out to grab him back with impotent fingers, and Ganymede\'s hounds barking uselessly at the sky. [4] [5] Statius \' Thebaid describes a cup worked with Ganymede\'s iconic mythos (1.549): [PAR] "Here the Phrygian hunter is borne aloft on tawny wings, Gargara ’s range sinks downwards as he rises, and Troy grows dim beneath him; sadly stand his comrades; vainly the hounds weary their throats with barking, pursue his shadow or bay at the clouds." [PAR] In Olympus, Zeus granted him immortality and the office of cupbearer to the gods, supplanting Hebe . J.A.Edm. Veckenstedt (Ganymedes, Libau, 1881) endeavoured to prove that Ganymede is the genesis of the intoxicating drink mead , whose original home was Phrygia. [PAR] All the gods were filled with joy to see the youth, except for Hera , Zeus\'s consort, who detested Ganymede. [PAR] In a possible alternative version, the Titan Eos , dawn-goddess and connoisseur of male beauty, kidnapped Ganymede as well as her better-remembered consort, his brother Tithonus , whose immortality was granted, but not eternal youth. Tithonus indeed lived forever but grew more and more ancient, eventually turning into a cricket, a classic example of the myth-element of the Boon with a Catch.'}, 'question': {"Which moon of Jupiter is named after a divine hero in Greek mythology whose homeland was Troy who was abducted by Zeus in the form of an eagle to serve as cupbearer to the gods and as Zeus's beloved?"}}

['ganymedes' 'ganymede']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] What does googol mean? - Definitions.netWhat does googol mean? [PAR] This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word googol [PAR] Princeton\'s WordNet(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: [PAR] googol(noun) [PAR] a cardinal number represented as 1 followed by 100 zeros (ten raised to the power of a hundred) [PAR] Wiktionary(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: [PAR] googol(Numeral) [PAR] The number 10, written as 1 followed by 100 zeros. [PAR] Origin: Made up in 1938 by the nine year old Milton Sirrota, the nephew of mathematician Edward Kasner who had asked Milton for the hypothetical number of 10 to the 100th. [PAR] Freebase(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: [PAR] Googol [PAR] A googol is the large number 10100; that is, the digit 1 followed by 100 zeroes. zeroes: The term was coined in 1938 by 9-year-old Milton Sirotta, nephew of American mathematician Edward Kasner. Kasner popularized the concept in his 1940 book Mathematics and the Imagination. Other names for googol include ten duotrigintillion on the short scale, ten thousand sexdecillion on the long scale, or ten sexdecilliard on the Peletier long scale. A googol has no particular significance in mathematics, but is useful when comparing with other very large quantities such as the number of subatomic particles in the visible universe or the number of hypothetically possible chess games. Edward Kasner used it to illustrate the difference between an unimaginably large number and infinity, and in this role it is sometimes used in teaching mathematics. A googol is approximately 70!. In the binary numeral system, one would need 333 bits to represent a googol, i.e., 1 googol ≈ 2332.2, or exactly . This number is notable for being the subject of the £1 million question in the infamous episode of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?, when contestant Charles Ingram cheated his way through the show by getting help from his wife Diana, who was in the audience, and fellow contestant Tecwen Whittock. It is also the namesake of the internet company Google, with the name "Google" being a misspelling of "googol" by the company\'s founders. [PAR] Numerology [PAR] The numerical value of googol in Chaldean Numerology is: 3 [PAR] Pythagorean Numerology[DOC] [TLE] A Collection of Word Oddities and Trivia - Tripod.comA Collection of Word Oddities and Trivia [PAR] A Collection of Word Oddities and Trivia, Page 15 [PAR] Last revision: June 20, 2014 [PAR] MATHEMATICS [PAR] The system for naming large numbers used here is the one shown in MWCD10. Words such as unvigintillion, trigintillion, novemnonagintillion, etc., which are found in extensions of this system, are generally not used here; "and" is not allowed in the name of a number. Number names are limited to those that represent positive integers between 1 and 10 [PAR] 66 [PAR] . Names involving googol and googolplex are not used. [PAR] Most of the information in this mathematics section was contributed by Eric Brahinsky and Paul Wright. [PAR] EIGHT is the first whole number, if all whole numbers are arranged in alphabetical order; ZERO would be the last number [Stuart Kidd]. [PAR] By standard dictionary alphabetizing procedure (i.e., ignoring spaces, punctuation, etc.), the first ten number names alphabetically are: [PAR] eight [PAR] The smallest natural number whose name is spelled with: [PAR] 3 letters is 1 (one); [PAR] 4 letters is 4 (four); [PAR] 5 letters is 3 (three); [PAR] 6 letters is 11 (eleven); [PAR] 7 letters is 15 (fifteen); [PAR] 8 letters is 13 (thirteen); [PAR] 9 letters is 17 (seventeen); [PAR] 10 letters is 24 (twenty-four); [PAR] 15 letters is 103 (one hundred three); [PAR] 20 letters is 124 (one hundred twenty-four); [PAR] 25 letters is 1104 (one thousand one hundred four); [PAR] 30 letters is 1117 (one thousand one hundred seventeen); [PAR] 40 letters is 13,373 (thirteen thousand three hundred seventy-three); [PAR] 50 letters is 113,373 (one hundred thirteen thousand three hundred seventy-three); [PAR] 100 letters is 11,373,373,373 (eleven billion three hundred seventy-three million three hundred seventy-three thousand'}, 'question': {'What name was given to the number 10 to the power of 100 (i.e. 1 followed by one hundred zeros) by nine-year-old Milton Sirotta, nephew of American mathematician Edward Kasner?'}}

['googol']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Glenn Miller on Pinterest | Moonlight, Band and Orchestra1000+ images about Glenn Miller on Pinterest | Radios, December and Orchestra [PAR] Forward [PAR] American dance band leader Glenn Miller at the microphone during a radio broadcast from London, 1944. Glenn Miller arrived in Britain with his United States Army Air Force band in June 1944. They immediately began a busy schedule of concerts, many intended for broadcast on the BBC's new Allied Expeditionary Forces programme. On 15 December 1944, Miller left England for Paris, but the aircraft in which he was travelling disappeared while flying over the English Channel. [PAR] See More[DOC] [TLE] 70 years ago On the stormy day of December 15, 1944 Glenn ...70 years ago On the stormy day of December 15, 1944 Glenn Miller Disappeared [PAR] 70 years ago On the stormy day of December 15, 1944 Glenn Miller Disappeared [PAR] Apologies, this content is no longer available. In the meantime, here are a selection of our favorite videos you may like… [PAR] FEATURED VIDEO[DOC] [TLE] Top 10 Notable People Who Disappeared - ListverseTop 10 Notable People Who Disappeared - Listverse [PAR] Top 10 Notable People Who Disappeared [PAR] astraya [PAR] June 5, 2008 [PAR] The qualification for this list is that the people were notable in their own right, and not simply because they disappeared, so no Madeleine McCann and the crew of the Mary Celeste. Some were simply accidental. Some have attracted conspiracy theories. One was definitely foul play. In chronological order: [PAR] 10 [PAR] Steve Fossett [PAR] 2007 [PAR] Steve Fossett, American businessman, aviator and sailor. Disappeared on 3 September 2007 while flying over the Nevada desert. Fossett was the first man to fly solo around the world non-stop in an airballoon. No trace found yet. [PAR] 9 [PAR] Richey Edwards [PAR] 1995 [PAR] Richey Edwards, member of the Welsh rock band the Manic Street Preachers. Disappeared on 1 February 1995, the day that he and fellow MSP James Dean Bradfield were due to fly to the USA on a promotional tour. His car was found abandoned near the the Severn Bridge (a renowned suicide location), but there was evidence that the car had been lived in, and there have been unconfirmed sightings. [PAR] 8 [PAR] Jimmy Hoffa [PAR] 1975 [PAR] Jimmy Hoffa, US trade union leader. Disappeared on 30 July 1975 while on his way to meet two Mafia leaders. Many conspiracies abound about his disappearance and final resting place, with the most popular claiming that he is buried beneath the Giants stadium. No confirmed trace ever found. [PAR] 7 [PAR] Harold Holt [PAR] 1967 [PAR] Harold Holt, Australian Prime Minister. Disappeared on 17 December 1967 while swimming at a surf beach near Portsea, Victoria. Holt was controversial for expanding Australia’s role in the Vietnam War. No trace ever found. [PAR] 6 [PAR] Glenn Miller [PAR] 1944 [PAR] Glenn Miller, American jazz musician and bandleader. Disappeared on 15 December 1944 over the English Channel while en route from England to France to play for troops in recently liberated Paris. No trace ever found. [PAR] 5 [PAR] Antoine de Saint Exupéry [PAR] 1944 [PAR] Antoine de Saint Exupéry, French aviator and author. Disappeared on the evening of 31 July 1944 over the Mediterranean Sea, while on a reconnaissance flight. An unidentifiable body wearing French colors was found soon after. In 1998 his identity bracelet was found. In 2000 the remains of the aeroplane were found. In March 2008 a former Luftwaffe pilot told a Marseille newspaper that he had engaged and downed a plane in the area where Saint Exupéry\\\\’s plane was found. His story is unverifiable, and has met with criticism from some German and French investigators. [PAR] 4 [PAR] Amelia Earhart [PAR] 1937 [PAR] Amelia Earhart, American aviator and author. Disappeared on 2 July 1937 (along with her navigator) in the South Pacific, while attempting to circumnavigate the earth. No trace ever found. [PAR] 3 [PAR] Roald Amundsen [PAR] 1928 [PAR] Roald Amundsen, Norwegian explorer. Disappeared on 18 June 1928 with 5 others in a plane crash in the Barents Sea while searching for the team of a fellow-explorer Umberto Nobile. A pontoon improvised into a life raft was found, suggesting that at least some of the group had survived the"}, 'question': {'Which jazz bandleader disappeared in December 1944 while flying over the English Channel?'}}

['glenn miller']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show | TVmazeWestminster Kennel Club Dog Show | TVmaze [PAR] Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show [PAR] Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show [PAR] Gallery (1) [PAR] Follow [PAR] The "Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show" is a two-day, all-breed benched conformation show that takes place at Madison Square Garden in New York City annually. The first Westminster show was held in 1877. The first Westminster show was first held on May 8, 1877, making it the second-longest continuously held sporting event in the United States behind only the Kentucky Derby, which was first held in 1875. (Both events were held even during the World War years.) The show originated as a show for gun dogs, primarily Setters and Pointers, initiated by a group of hunters who met regularly at the Westminster Hotel at Irving Place and Sixteenth Street in Manhattan. They decided to create a kennel club called the Westminster Kennel Club specifically for the purpose of holding a dog show. The prizes for these first shows included such items as pearl handled pistols, of use to the hunters and terriermen who worked these dogs in the field. [PAR] The USA Network broadcast the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show from 1984 through 2016, with coverage under the auspices of NBC Sports in later years. Sister network CNBC had also aired portions of the event. On July 28, 2015, it was announced that Fox Sports had acquired rights to the event under a 10-year deal beginning in 2017. Coverage will be split between Fox Sports 1 and Nat Geo Wild. David Frei has co-hosted the event since 1990. His partners have been Al Trautwig (1990-1991, 1993), Bud Collins (1992), Joe Garagiola (1994-2002), Mark McEwen (2003-2004), Lester Holt (2005, 2007-2008), Debbye Turner (2006), Mary Carillo (2009, 2011-Present), and Tamron Hall (2010). [PAR] Share this on:[DOC] [TLE] Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show | Wiki | Everipedia, the ...Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show | Wiki | Everipedia [PAR] × [PAR] Want to change something on this page or create your own? Register today, it\'s fast and free. [PAR] Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show [PAR] Table of Contents [PAR] The Westminster Kennel Club was formed in 1877. [PAR] Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show [PAR] Freebase ID [PAR] Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show [PAR] Wikidata ID [PAR] EN Wikipedia URL [PAR] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westminster_Kennel_Club_Dog_Show [PAR] The Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show is a two-day, all-breed benched conformation show that takes place at Madison Square Garden in New York City annually since 1877. [PAR] History [PAR] The Westminster show was first held on May 8, 1877, making it the second-longest continuously held sporting event in the United States behind only the Kentucky Derby , which was first held in 1875. (Both events were held even during the World War years.) The show originated as a show for gun dogs , primarily Setters and Pointers , initiated by a group of hunters who met regularly at the Westminster Hotel at Irving Place and Sixteenth Street in Manhattan . They decided to create a kennel club called the Westminster Kennel Club specifically for the purpose of holding a dog show. The prizes for these first shows included such items as pearl handled pistols, of use to the hunters and terriermen who worked these dogs in the field. [PAR] Held at Gilmore\'s Garden ( Madison Square Garden ) the Westminster show drew over 1200 dogs and proved so popular that its scheduled three days was extended to four, with the club donating proceeds from that fourth day to the ASPCA for creation of a home for stray and disabled dogs. [PAR] The Westminster Kennel Club predates the formation of the American Kennel Club by seven years, and became the first club admitted to the AKC after AKC\'s founding in 1884. Breed parent clubs (e.g., the Afghan Hound Club of America) create the standards for judging their breeds, with the AKC administering the rules about shows and judging. [PAR] Dogs are judged against their breed standards, to see how close each dog matches the standard, which is a written description of the ideal specimen of that breed. Standards may'}, 'question': {'"The ""Westminster"", that is held annually at Madison Square Garden in New York, is what sort of event?"'}}

['dog show']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Cyprus (island) – Travel guide at WikivoyageCyprus (island) – Travel guide at Wikivoyage [PAR] Jump to: navigation , search [PAR] A map showing the division of Cyprus [PAR] Cyprus is an island in the Mediterranean sea, located to the south of Turkey and the west of Lebanon . Since July 1974, Cyprus has been politically divided into two separate territories divided by the "Green Line"; travel between the two parts has become much easier in recent years: [PAR] Republic of Cyprus , a member state of the European Union that sits in the lower two thirds of the island [PAR] Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus , a state in the northern third of the island, supported by Turkey but not recognised by any other country [PAR] While technically it is possible to drive hired cars from one part of Cyprus to another and back again, insurance loadings may make this impractical. Discuss their policies carefully with the rental agency. Hire cars in Northern Cyprus have distinctive red number plates. [PAR] The whole island drives on the left, since it was under British administration from 1878-1960, and English is widely understood in all parts. There are also large military bases located on the island which remain sovereign territories of the United Kingdom . [PAR] Per head of population, Cyprus produces a lot of wine and has a history of production going back more than five millennia; the whole island is Phyloxerra-free. Most of the better quality grapes are grown at altitudes of up to 1,500 metres in the Troodos mountains. These are some of the EEA \'s highest vineyards, where both lower temperatures and high levels of UV light assist in producing grapes of the highest quality. [PAR] This region article is an extra-hierarchical region, describing a region that does not fit into the hierarchy Wikivoyage uses to organise most articles. These extra articles provide only basic information and links to articles in the hierarchy. This article can be expanded if the information is specific to the page; otherwise new text should go in the appropriate region or city article.[DOC] [TLE] Michael J. Totten: The Last Divided Capital in the WorldMichael J. Totten: The Last Divided Capital in the World [PAR] November 03, 2005 [PAR] The Last Divided Capital in the World [PAR] Cyprus is not the most happening travel spot in the Mediterranean unless you want to get drunk and party with loutish middle class Brits. It’s quiet, culturally blank, and underdeveloped. Its archeological sites are profoundly underwhelming. Most places on the south side of the island feel like North Dakota with Greeks. With the exception of the genuinely charming port town of Kyrenia (aka Girne), the north side of the island feels like North Dakota with Turks. [PAR] But the capital of Nicosia is interesting because it is troubled. It is, I believe, the last divided capital in the world. The partition across the island is called the Attila Line. But in Nicosia it’s called the Green Line. It slashes right through the heart of the old city. Turkish Cypriots built a modern city to the north of it. Greek Cypriots built a modern city to the south. It’s not a fun place to visit, but if you go there you will find some drama – a refreshing change for the kind of person who gets bored by the dreary and stultifying resort towns on the coast. [PAR] Cyprus is a member of the European Union. But the E.U. only “controls” the southern half. The Turkish military prevents the internationally recognized government (which is supposed to be Cypriot, not “Greek Cypriot”) from governing the whole thing. It has been this way since the invasion - which was backed by Nixon and Kissinger - in 1974. [PAR] I don’t want to leave you with the impression that only the Turks are to blame. They aren’t. Cyprus was seized in a coup sponsored by the military junta that ruled Greece in the late sixties and early seventies. The junta aimed to annex Cyprus to Greece. Prior to Cyprus’s independence, EOKA fighters waged war against the occupying British soldiers and also against Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot civilians opposed to enosis, or union, with Greece. Before and during the reign of the junta, EOKA'}, 'question': {'Which Mediterranean island is divided politically by the Attila Line?'}}

['cyprus' 'greek cyprus']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] The Globe Theatre - DigitalBardThe Globe Theatre - DigitalBard [PAR] The Globe Theatre [PAR] 5 References [PAR] The Original Globe [PAR] The Globe Theatre in London, England, was the first theater venue erected during the Elizabethan era. Prior to the building of the playhouse, a variety of locations were utilized including inns, large public gathering halls, and open green space. [1] However, after Richard Burbage and James Burbage constructed the Globe in 1597 in Shoreditch, audiences of 3,000 were able to join in watching performances by notable playwrights of the time, including William Shakespeare. [2] Although utilized by various producers and actors, the theatre, also known as Shakespeare’s Globe, is widely known for housing the work of the famous playwright. [PAR] Sketch of the Swan Theatre [PAR] Location, History, and Layout [PAR] While the original Globe Theatre was first located in Shoreditch, the structure was relocated within the next year. Even though the Burbage family owned the theatre itself, the brothers did not have full ownership of the property in which it stood. Learning that their lease would expire and the Globe would be demolished, the company argued the issue with their landlord for two years and relocated the performances to the Curtain playhouse. The Burbage brothers were then able to purchase land in London’s Bankside district, where they decided to rebuild the Globe after disassembling the structure. The new area proved to be a well-suited location in which to attract Globe patrons. Throughout the Bankside area, individuals participated in activities such as bull-baiting and bear-baiting, which occasionally occurred within the theatre setting. [3] Although the type of space that would have been needed for these activities is known, the actual layout of the original Globe theatre can only be speculated. Written descriptions, building contracts, and stage directions have given limited insight into the design of the theatre. While this is true, a sketch that was drawn of the Swan Theatre during the Elizabethan era is the main tool that is used to make inferences about the space. [4] By combining these resources, it can be suggested that the Globe would be somewhat similar to the Swan theatre space. [PAR] Destruction [PAR] While the destruction of the Globe had been avoided in 1598, the rebuilt Globe theatre was eventually burned down. During a performance of Henry VIII, a cannon shot that that was purposefully used as a special effect failed and ultimately set the materials in the thatched roof into flames. The Globe was once again reconstructed and operated until 1642. As Puritans were closing down playhouses, the Globe was not in use and was eventually replaced by tenements on the property. [5] [PAR] The Renovated Globe [PAR] Sam Wanamaker [PAR] Building the New Globe [PAR] Due to the efforts of Sam Wanamaker over a period of twenty years, the Globe Theatre was restored in 1997 at its second location. Wanamaker, an actor, producer, and director, had connections to the work of William Shakespeare throughout his career, taking part in a great number of his plays. After extensive research, planning, and development along with the creation of the Shakespeare Globe Trust, International Shakespeare Globe Centre, and Shakespeare’s Globe Museum, Wanamaker was able to begin the three year process. Because of his efforts and publicizing of the endeavor, he was able to create the support that was needed to fund and inform individuals of the historic project. In 1993, the Queen of England pronounced Wanamaker as an Honorary Commander of the British Empire for his influence that he was able to make through the undertaking and in 1997, the Globe reopened to the public. [6] [PAR] Logistics and Criticism [PAR] While reconstructing the Globe Theatre, Sam Wanamaker and the architects that were included in the project went to great lengths to ensure that the integrity of the theatre remained intact and the overall essence was captured. For example, oak woods along with certain spackling techniques on the walls were implicated. Although the small details of the theatre remained the same, several more prominent aspects of the Globe were modernized. In order to fit modern safety precautions, doors and lighting were required to be throughout the space in addition to technologically advanced equipment for the crews. ['}, 'question': {'Where was the original Globe Theatre located?'}}

['london']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Suriname Map / Geography of Suriname / Map of Suriname ...Suriname Map / Geography of Suriname / Map of Suriname - Worldatlas.com [PAR] Print this map [PAR] Arawak and Carib Indians lived on the northern edges of South America for centuries. In 1498, the Spanish explorer, Alonso de Ojeda (accompanying Columbus on his second voyage to the New World) is generally considered the first European to discover what is now called Suriname. [PAR] Dutch settlement on the continent began in the early 17th century at the mouths of several rivers between present-day Georgetown, Guyana - and Cayenne, French Guiana ; with Suriname becoming a Dutch colony in 1667. [PAR] Even though the English briefly held the land, it was the Dutch that controlled and influenced Suriname for almost 300 years. [PAR] Over time, the Dutch colonial plantations began to decline, as the distant Dutch government was supplying less financial support to its colony. [PAR] In the early 20th century - a turn around - when the American firm ALCOA invested in the indigenous bauxite deposits, and Suriname\'s economy surged, and it became the world\'s leading supplier of same. [PAR] \xa0Later in the century, on the long road to independence, Suriname became an autonomous part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands , and finally gained independence on November 25, 1975. [PAR] Five years later the civilian government was replaced by a military regime that soon declared Suriname a socialist republic. It continued to rule through a succession of nominally civilian administrations until 1987, when international pressure finally forced a democratic election. [PAR] In 1989, the military replaced (overthrew) the civilian government, but a democratically-elected government returned to power in 1991, and remains to this day. [PAR] See Also[DOC] [TLE] ContinentA continent is one of several very large landmasses on Earth. Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents. Ordered from largest in size to smallest, they are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia. In geology, areas of continental crust include regions covered with water. [PAR] Definitions and application [PAR] By convention, "continents are understood to be large, continuous, discrete masses of land, ideally separated by expanses of water." Many of the seven most commonly recognized continents identified by convention are not discrete landmasses separated completely by water. The criterion "large" leads to arbitrary classification: Greenland, with a surface area of 2166086 sqkm is considered the world\'s largest island, while Australia, at 7617930 sqkm is deemed the smallest continent. [PAR] The Earth\'s major landmasses all have coasts on a single, continuous world ocean, which is divided into a number of principal oceanic components by the continents and various geographic criteria. [PAR] Extent of continents [PAR] The most restricted meaning of continent is that of a continuous"continent n. 5. a." (1989) Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition. Oxford University Press ; "continent1 n." (2006) The Concise Oxford English Dictionary, 11th edition revised. (Ed.) Catherine Soanes and Angus Stevenson. Oxford University Press; "continent1 n." (2005) The New Oxford American Dictionary, 2nd edition. (Ed.) Erin McKean. Oxford University Press; "continent [2, n] 4 a" (1996) Webster\'s Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged. ProQuest Information and Learning ; "continent" (2007) Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 14 January 2007, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online. area of land or mainland, with the coastline and any land boundaries forming the edge of the continent. In this sense the term continental Europe (sometimes referred to in Britain as "the Continent") is used to refer to mainland Europe, excluding islands such as Great Britain, Ireland, Malta and Iceland, and the term continent of Australia may refer to the mainland of Australia, excluding Tasmania and New Guinea. Similarly, the continental United States refers to the 48 contiguous states in central North America and may include Alaska in the northwest of the continent (the two being separated by Canada), while excluding Hawaii in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. [PAR] From the'}, 'question': {'On which continent is Suriname?'}}

['south america']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Senate of the Republic (Italy)The Senate of the Republic () is a house of the bicameral Italian Parliament (the other being the Chamber of Deputies). It was established in its current form on 8 May 1948, but previously existed during the Kingdom of Italy as Senato del Regno (Senate of the Kingdom), itself a continuation of the Senato Subalpino (Subalpine Senate) of Sardinia-Piedmont established on 8 May 1848. Members of the Senate are styled Senator or The Honourable Senator (Italian: Onorevole Senatore) and they meet at Palazzo Madama, Rome. [PAR] Composition [PAR] The Senate consists of 315 elected members, and six senators for life. The elected senators must be over 40 years of age, are elected by an electorate composed of Italian citizens aged 25 or over and, save for six senators who represent Italians living outside Italy, are elected on a regional basis. The senators for life are composed of former Presidents of the Italian Republic who hold office ex officio, and up to five citizens who are appointed by the president "for outstanding merits in the social, scientific, artistic or literary field". [PAR] The six current life senators are: [PAR] * Of law as former President of the Republic:Giorgio Napolitano [PAR] * Of law as former President of the Republic:Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (independent, member of the Mixed Group) [PAR] * One economist (who served as Prime Minister in 2011-13):Mario Monti (SC) [PAR] * One Pritzker Prize-winning architect:Renzo Piano (independent, member of the Mixed Group) [PAR] * One Nobel Prize-winning particle physicist and inventor:Carlo Rubbia (independent, member of SVP-UV-PATT-UPT-PSI-MAIE) [PAR] * One academic (the third female lifetime senator in Italian history):Elena Cattaneo (independent, member of SVP-UV-PATT-UPT-PSI-MAIE) [PAR] The Italian Senate is unusual among European upper houses in that it has the same power as its lower counterpart. Any law can be initiated in either house, and must be approved in the same form by both houses. Additionally, a Government must have the consent of both to remain in office (a position which is known as "perfect bicameralism"). [PAR] The current term of office of the Senate is five years. Until a Constitutional change on February 9, 1963 the Senate was elected for six-year terms of office. The Senate may be dissolved before the expiration of its normal term by the President of the Republic (e.g. when no government can obtain a majority). [PAR] Reform [PAR] In 2016, Italian Parliament passed a Constitutional Reform bill that "effectively abolishes the Senate as an elected chamber and sharply restricts its ability to veto legislation". The bill still has to be accepted in a referendum, expected for October 2016. [PAR] Membership [PAR] The current membership of the Italian Senate, following the latest political elections of 24 and 25 February 2013: [PAR] Presidents [PAR] Under the current Constitution, the Senate must hold its first sitting no later than 20 days after a general election. That session, presided by the oldest senator, proceeds to elect the President of the Senate for the following parliamentary period. On the first two attempts at voting, an absolute majority of all senators is needed; if a third round is needed, a candidate can be elected by an absolute majority of the senators present and voting. If this third round fails to produce a winner, a final ballot is held between the two senators with the highest votes in the previous ballot. In the case of a tie, the elder senator is deemed the winner. [PAR] In addition to overseeing the business of the chamber, chairing and regulating debates, deciding whether motions and bills are admissible, representing the Senate, etc., the President of the Senate stands in for the President of the Republic when the latter is unable to perform the duties of the office; in this case the Senate is headed by a vice president. [PAR] The current President of the Senate is Pietro Grasso. [PAR] Recent Presidents of the Italian Senate: [PAR] Palazzo Madama [PAR]'}, 'question': {'How many members are there in the Italian upper house, the Senate?'}}

['315']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Inventory of Conflict and Environment (ICE), Nicaraguan ...Inventory of Conflict and Environment (ICE), Nicaraguan Civil War [PAR] I. CASE BACKGROUND [PAR] 1. Abstract [PAR] The armed conflicts that burdened Nicaragua during the Sandinista Revolution (1974-1979) and the Contra War (1979-1990) caused a multitude of problems in the country. Environmental problems were part of both the causes and consequences of the armed conflicts. Inequality of income distribution and increasing poverty were the primary causes of the revolution, but indirect environmental causes included destruction of hardwood forests, elimination of wildlife habitats, and toxic waste dumping. During the Contra War, the Sandinista government not only faced extreme economic problems stemming from United States economic sanctions but it also faced a variety of environmental problems including landmines hidden throughout the country, pesticide runoff, and soil erosion. [PAR] 2. Description [PAR] Two back-to-back conflicts wreaked havoc on Nicaragua during the 1970s and 1980s. The Sandinista Revolution (1974-1979) grew out of long dictatorship that exacerbated income inequality in Nicaragua. The Contra War (1979-1990) was the response to the Sandinista government taking power in the country. Environmental aspects played a role in both the causes and results of the wars. While these aspects had mostly indirect impacts, they did contribute to the conflicts. [PAR] Causes of the Conflicts [PAR] The primary causes of the revolution in Nicaragua were increasing poverty and inequality of income distribution (Paris 2002, 40). The Somoza family harshly ruled the country from 1936 to 1979 under a dictatorship that catered to the elites of Nicaragua (Paris 2002, 42). The Somozas did not view the majority of Nicaraguans as worthy of poverty alleviation. In the 1950s during a visit to Costa Rica, General Somoza commented to President Jos� Figueres that �since Nicaraguan people were nothing more than oxen, they didn�t need schools. What oxen need is hard work, not education� (Vandermeer 1991, 40). This philosophy is reflected in how the Somoza dictatorship treated the Nicaraguan poor. The Somozas intentionally kept a large part of the Nicaraguan people illiterate (Vandermeer 1991, 40). [PAR] In adherence with this philosophy, lands of the country�s poorest citizens were taken and sold to the agricultural elite who started coffee plantations and latifundios for the production of other large agricultural crops like cotton, sugar, and bananas. The ever increasing delegation of land to agricultural exports caused a drop in domestic food production, making the lives of the poor even more difficult (Paris 2002, 42). From 1952 to 1967, land delegated along Nicaragua�s Pacific plain for cotton production expanded 400 percent while peasants� land previously devoted to corn, bean, and sorghum dropped by over 50 percent (Fabor 1992, 19). These inequalities were exacerbated in 1972 when an earthquake destroyed much of Managua. Nicaragua received millions of dollars in international aid but it did not serve any of the needs of the country�s poor as it was funneled to the elite allies of President Somoza (Schroeder 2005, 69). [PAR] Although it cannot be denied that this inequality was the primary cause of the armed conflicts in Nicaragua, there were also environmental consequences to this increasing inequality. Hardwood forests including ebony, cedar, mahogany and granadilla as well as coastal mangroves were destroyed to make way for the latifundios. As a result, the habitats of many animals like howler monkeys, anteaters, white-lipped peccaries, armadillos, agutis, coyotes, tepescuintles, and pumas were destroyed leaving these species in great danger of elimination (Fabor 1992, 19) and subsequent loss of biodiversity. In addition, industrial plants were given permission by the Somoza dictatorship to dump their toxic waste into Lake Managua. U.S. owned Pennwalt is said to have dumped an estimated 40 tons of mercury in the lake between 1968 and 1981 (Fabor 1992, 22). [PAR] In 1974 the Frente Sandinista de Liberaci�n Nacional (FSLN ) or the Sandinista National Liberation Front, also known only'}, 'question': {'Between 1979 and 1990, the Sandinistas and the Contras were participants in a Civil War in which country?'}}

['nicaragua' 'nicaraguan']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] The History of Tea – Its Influence & Spread Around The ...The History of Tea – Its Influence & Spread Around The World – Ask Andy About Clothes [PAR] The History of Tea – Its Influence & Spread Around The World [PAR] The History of Tea [PAR] The Legendary Origins\xa0 According to Chinese mythology, tea was discovered in 2737 BC by Shen Nong, also known as Yan Di or\xa0Shen Nong Shi\xa0–\xa0(2,852-2737 B.C.), the second of the three Chinese Emperors of the San Huang Period, (3,000 – 2,700 B.C.).\xa0 He was a\xa0scholar, the father of agriculture and the inventor of Chinese herbal medicine.His edicts required that all drinking water be boiled as a hygienic precaution. One summer day while visiting a distant region, he and the court stopped to rest, and his servants began to boil water for the court to drink. Dried leaves from the nearby bush fell into the boiling water, and a brown liquid was infused into the water. As a scientist, the Emperor was interested in the new liquid, drank some, and found it very refreshing. The tree was a wild tea tree, and so, tea was created. [PAR] The Chinese Influence [PAR] The original English pronunciation of the word tea was “tay” and can be traced back to around 1655 when the Dutch introduced both word and beverage to England. The pronunciation\xa0“tee”\xa0also originated in the 1600’s but only gained predominance after the late 18th century. [PAR] Both words may have come from the Malay “the” and from the Chinese Mandarin character “cha” pronounced “t’e” in the Amoy (Xiamen) dialect.\xa0 The word was used to describe both the beverage and the leaf.\xa0\xa0 The Japanese character for tea is written exactly the same as the Chinese, though pronounced with a slight difference. [PAR] Tea is first mentioned in Chinese writing in 222 AD as a substitute for wine, and in a circa 350 AD Chinese dictionary.By the third century AD tea was being advocated for its properties as a healthy, refreshing drink and the benefits of tea drinking, but it was not until the Nobility of the Tang Dynasty (618 AD – 906 AD) made tea fashionable, that tea became China’s national drink. As the demand for tea rose steadily, Chinese farmers began to cultivate tea rather than harvest leaves from wild trees. [PAR] Tea was commonly made into roasted cakes, which were then pounded into small pieces and placed in a china pot. After adding boiling water, onion, spices, ginger or orange were introduced to produce many regional variations.Tea consumption spread throughout the Chinese culture. [PAR] In 780 A.D., Lu Yu wrote the first definitive book on tea, the “Ch’a Ching”. He was orphaned and raised by scholarly Buddhist monks in one of China’s finest monasteries. However, as a young man, he rebelled against the discipline of training.\xa0 In mid-life he retired for five years into seclusion. Drawing from his vast memory of observed events and places, he codified the various methods of tea cultivation and preparation in ancient China. The vast definitive nature of his work projected him into near sainthood within his own lifetime.\xa0Lu Yu is known as the “Tea Saint”. [PAR] The book inspired the Zen Buddhist missionaries to create the form of tea service that would later be introduced to imperial Japan as the Japanese tea ceremony,\xa0Chanoyu. The spread of tea cultivation throughout China and Japan is largely accredited to the movement of Buddhist priests throughout the region. [PAR] 960-1280 Sung Dynasty. Tea was used widely. Powdered tea had become common. Beautiful ceramic tea accessories of dark-blue, black and brown glazes, which contrasted with the vivid green of the whisked tea, were favored. [PAR] 1101-1125 Emperor Hui Tsung wrote about the best ways to make whisked tea. A strong patron of the tea industry, he had tournaments in which members of the court identified different types of tea. Legend has it that he became so obsessed with tea he hardly noticed the Mongols who overthrew his empire. During his reign, teahouses built in'}, 'question': {'What beverage was introduced to England from China by the Dutch in 1645?'}}

['tea' 'instant tea' 'indian tea']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] What is the ascending loop of Henle? | Reference.comWhat is the ascending loop of Henle? | Reference.com [PAR] What is the ascending loop of Henle? [PAR] A: [PAR] Quick Answer [PAR] The ascending loop of Henle is a portion of the nephron in the kidney. It connects to the descending loop of Henle and runs through the medulla of the nephron in the kidney. Together, the descending and ascending loops of Henle reabsorb water and ions for the kidney. [PAR] Full Answer [PAR] The ascending loop of Henle and the descending loop of Henle have different types of cells which have different permeabilities. The descending portion is permeable to water and allows water to be absorbed by the nephron to be excreted as urine. It can also allow water to be reabsorbed by the body. [PAR] The ascending loop of Henle is permeable to ions, such as sodium and potassium, and it is not permeable to water. Ions can leave or enter the urine through the ascending loop of Henle, depending on what the body needs.[DOC] [TLE] loop of Henle | anatomy | Britannica.comloop of Henle | anatomy | Britannica.com [PAR] Loop of Henle [PAR] Alternative Titles: Henle’s loop, nephronic loop [PAR] Related Topics [PAR] human body [PAR] Loop of Henle, long, U-shaped portion of the tubule that conducts urine within each nephron of the kidney of reptiles, birds, and mammals. The principal function of the loop of Henle appears to be the recovery of water and sodium chloride from the urine. This function allows production of urine that is far more concentrated than blood, limiting the amount of water needed as intake for survival. Many species that live in arid environments such as deserts have highly efficient loops of Henle. [PAR] Each nephron of the kidney contains blood vessels and a special tubule. As the filtrate flows … [PAR] Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. [PAR] The liquid entering the loop is the solution of salt, urea , and other substances passed along by the proximal convoluted tubule , from which most of the dissolved components needed by the body—particularly glucose, amino acids, and sodium bicarbonate—have been reabsorbed into the blood. The first segment of the loop, the descending limb, is permeable to water, and the liquid reaching the bend of the loop is much richer than the blood plasma in salt and urea. As the liquid returns through the ascending limb, sodium chloride diffuses out of the tubule into the surrounding tissue, where its concentration is lower. In the third segment of the loop, the tubule wall can, if necessary, effect further removal of salt, even against the concentration gradient, in an active-transport process requiring the expenditure of energy. In a healthy person the reabsorption of salt from the urine exactly maintains the bodily requirement: during periods of low salt intake, virtually none is allowed to escape in the urine, but, in periods of high salt intake, the excess is excreted. [PAR] Learn More in these related articles: [PAR] in renal system (anatomy)[DOC] [TLE] How Your Kidneys Work - Health | HowStuffWorksInside Your Kidneys - How Your Kidneys Work | HowStuffWorks [PAR] How Your Kidneys Work [PAR] Diagram showing the parts of the kidney and the nephron [PAR] If you were to cut a kidney in half, you would see the following parts: [PAR] Renal capsule - a thin, outer membrane that helps protect the kidney [PAR] Cortex - a lightly colored outer region [PAR] Medulla - a darker, reddish-brown, inner region [PAR] Renal pelvis - a flat, funnel-shaped cavity that collects the urine into the ureters [PAR] If you look closely at the cortex and medulla, you can see many tiny, tubular structures that stretch across both regions perpendicular to the surface of the kidney. In each kidney, there are one million of these structures, called nephrons. The nephron is the basic unit of the kidney. It's a long, thin tube that is closed at one end, has two twisted regions interspaced with a long hairpin loop, ends in a long straight portion and is surrounded by capillaries. [PAR] Up Next [PAR] The parts of the nephron are as follows: [PAR] Bowman's capsule - This closed end at the beginning of the nephron is located in the cortex. [PAR]"}, 'question': {'"The ""loop of Henle"" is found where in the human body?"'}}

['renal' 'kidney' 'renal system']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] 1975 Australian constitutional crisis : definition of 1975 ...1975 Australian constitutional crisis : definition of 1975 Australian constitutional crisis and synonyms of 1975 Australian constitutional crisis (English) [PAR] The 1975 Australian constitutional crisis (sometimes called "the Dismissal") has been described as the greatest political crisis and constitutional crisis in Australia\'s history . It culminated on 11 November 1975 with the removal of the Prime Minister , Gough Whitlam of the Australian Labor Party (ALP), by Governor-General Sir John Kerr . Kerr then appointed the Leader of the Opposition , Malcolm Fraser , as caretaker Prime Minister. [PAR] Whitlam\'s Labor government had been elected in 1972 with a small majority in the House of Representatives , but with the Opposition controlling the Senate . Another election in 1974 resulted in little change to the status quo. While the Whitlam Government introduced many new policies and programs, it was also rocked by scandals and political miscalculations. In October 1975, the Opposition used its control of the Senate to defer passage of appropriation bills , or supply , which finance governmental operations and which had been passed by the House of Representatives. The Opposition stated that they would continue to do so unless Whitlam called an election for the House of Representatives and urged Kerr to dismiss Whitlam unless he agreed to their demand. Whitlam believed that Kerr would not dismiss him, and Kerr did nothing to disabuse Whitlam. [PAR] On 11 November 1975, Whitlam intended to call a half-Senate election in an attempt to break the deadlock. When he went to seek Kerr\'s approval of the election, Kerr instead dismissed him as Prime Minister, and shortly thereafter installed Fraser in his place. Acting quickly before all ALP parliamentarians became aware of the change of government, Fraser and his allies were able to secure passage of the appropriation bills, and Kerr dissolved Parliament for a double dissolution election. Fraser and his government were returned with a massive majority. [PAR] The events of the Dismissal led to only minor constitutional change. The Senate retains its power to block supply, and the Governor-General the power to dismiss the Government. However, those powers have not been exercised again. Kerr was widely criticised by ALP supporters for his actions, resigned early as Governor-General, and lived much of his remaining life abroad. Though Kerr, who died in 1991, continues to be reviled in some quarters, Whitlam and Fraser later reconciled. [PAR] Contents [PAR] \xa0 Gough Whitlam (left) with US President Richard Nixon [PAR] \xa0 Malcolm Fraser [PAR] As established by the Constitution , the Parliament of Australia is composed of two houses, the House of Representatives and the Senate , together with The Queen of Australia . The Queen is represented through the Governor-General , who has executive powers granted in the Constitution, [1] as well as rarely exercised reserve powers . [2] The reserve powers are that legal authority remaining in the Crown after most of its historic power was transferred to Parliament or to officials. The Governor-General ordinarily acts only upon the advice of his government, but can act independently and against the advice of his advisers in exercising the reserve powers. [3] The Governor-General is removable by the Queen on the advice of her Prime Minister. As Liberal Party leader Malcolm Fraser, who would play a large part in the crisis, put it, "The Queen has tenure, and she couldn\'t be sacked. But a Governor-General holds office at pleasure, and if he ceases to please then he can be removed by a Prime Minister." [4] [PAR] As in most Westminster system parliaments, Australia\'s government is formed by the party enjoying the confidence of the lower House of Parliament, the House of Representatives. However, Australia\'s Parliament also has a powerful upper house, the Senate, which must pass any legislation initiated by the House of Representatives if it is to become law. The composition of the Senate, in which each state has an equal number of senators regardless of that state\'s population, was originally designed to attract the Australian colonies into one Federation. [5] The Constitution forbids the Senate to originate or amend a money bill , but places no limitation on the Senate\'s'}, 'question': {'The 1975 Australian constitutional crisis culminated on 11 November with the removal of which Australian Labor Party Prime Minister by Governor-General Sir John Kerr, and the appointment of the Leader of the Opposition, Malcolm Fraser, as caretaker Prime Minister?'}}

['gough whitlam' 'whitlam']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Louis B. Mayer - Biography - IMDbLouis B. Mayer - Biography - IMDb [PAR] Louis B. Mayer [PAR] Jump to: Overview \xa0(5)\xa0| Mini Bio \xa0(2)\xa0| Spouse \xa0(2)\xa0| Trivia \xa0(26)\xa0| Personal Quotes \xa0(12) [PAR] Overview (5) [PAR] 5\'\xa06"\xa0(1.68\xa0m) [PAR] Mini Bio (2) [PAR] Mayer was born Lazar Mayer in the Ukraine and grew up in Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada after his parents fled Russian oppression in 1886. He had a brutal childhood, raised in poverty and suffering physical and emotional abuse from his nearly-illiterate peddler father. In the early 1890s, he changed his name to Louis and fudged his birth date to reflect the more "patriotic" date of July 4, 1885. He moved to Boston in 1904 and struggled as a scrap-metal dealer until he was able to purchase a burlesque house. Although he made large sums by showing films (he made a sizable fortune off The Birth of a Nation (1915)), his early business ventures favored legitimate theater in New England. As his theater empire expanded, he had acquired and refurbished enough small movie theaters that he was able to move his business to Los Angeles and venture into movie production in 1918. Along with Samuel Goldwyn and Marcus Loew of Metro Pictures, he formed a new company called Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). [PAR] Over the next 25 years, MGM was "the Tiffany of the studios," producing more films and movie stars than any other studio in the world. Mayer became the prime creator of the enduring Hollywood of myth, home to stars like Clark Gable , Judy Garland , Joan Crawford , and Jean Harlow . Mayer became the highest-paid man in America, one of the country\'s most successful horse breeders, a political force and Hollywood\'s leading spokesman. Both he and MGM reached their peaks at the end of World War II, and Mayer was forced out in 1951. He died of leukemia in 1957. [PAR] - IMDb Mini Biography By: Anonymous [PAR] Born Lazar Mayer sometime between 1880-1886 (his actual birth date is unknown), he overcame a particularly brutal poverty-stricken childhood at the hands of his near-illiterate father, who moved his family to Eastern Canada to avoid Jewish persecution. The only regular trade his father undertook was as a scrap metal dealer, a highly sanitized term for scrounging bits of metal and participating in the rare windfall of stripping a shipwreck. Lazar would grow up with few fond memories of his childhood, other than an idealized vision of his mother. He was short, built like a tank and had a quick, perceptive mind. Few, if any, studio moguls suffered as much as Mayer growing up as he literally had to scratch and claw out a meager living using his wits. He moved to Boston in 1904 and became enthralled with the theatrical business; he diligently saved enough money for a theater, a burlesque house and soon afterward was alternating live shows with the latest rage, motion pictures. He courted and married Margaret Shenberg in 1904; the union would produce 2 daughters and last 43 years. Mayer slowly moved up into the ranks of the middle class and struck gold with The Birth of a Nation (1915), which he was able to acquire on a states rights basis. He came to realize the future was in film production and, alarmed at the strong arm tactics of the Edison Trust, moved his family west to Hollywoodland. Fortune smiled on Mayer when he was able to hire the disgruntled ex-Universal Pictures boy-genius, Irving Thalberg as his production manager and the two men set about creating a small but profitable venture immodestly called Louis B. Mayer Productions. Mayer, who was always hyper conscious about his image, even in the early days when he was an unknown, gave himself a patriotic birth date (July 4, 1885) and added a fictitious initial (and later turning it into a middle name) to his biography. His east Los Angeles studio specialized in low-budget turgid melodramas that were sold'}, 'question': {'Louis B Meyer is associated with what activity?'}}

['movie production' 'film production']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Nell Gwyn - Spartacus EducationalNell Gwyn [PAR] Nell Gwyn [PAR] Nell Gwyn [PAR] Nell Gwyn [PAR] Nell Gwyn was born in Hereford in about 1650. Her family were poor and she sold oranges at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, London . She eventually became one of the country\'s leading comic actresses. [PAR] Nell Gwyn became the mistress of Lord Buckhurst. In 1669 she became involved with Charles II and gave birth to two children, Charles Beauclerk (later the Duke of St. Albans) and James Beauclerk. [PAR] Nell Gwyn died of an apoplectic fit in 1687.[DOC] [TLE] The orange seller who became a Royal mistress and squeezed ...The orange seller who became a Royal mistress and squeezed thousands out of the taxpayer | Daily Mail Online [PAR] The orange seller who became a Royal mistress and squeezed thousands out of the taxpayer [PAR] comments [PAR] From humble origins she became perhaps the most famous of Royal mistresses. [PAR] But there was nothing simple about Nell Gwyn’s tastes after she won her place in the affections of King Charles II as a teenager in 1668. [PAR] The comic actress, who as a girl sold oranges to London theatre audiences, developed a distinct fondness for the finer things in life, according to a meticulously-kept archive of her living expenses. [PAR] Royal squeeze: Nell Gwyn (right) was the mistress of King Charles II (left) and was a notorious spendthrift [PAR] She enjoyed oysters, ordering up to three barrels a week at three shillings a barrel, maintained a liking for ‘oringes (sic) and lemons’ at 2s 6d and spent a fortune on tarts, cheesecake and sugar, which was then a luxury item. [PAR] Charles, who had fallen for Nell when he saw her on stage, made sure her bills were met from the public purse. [PAR] In 1674, Nell splashed out £1,135 3s 1d – around £150,000 at today’s values – on a fabulously ornate bedstead whose centrepiece was a head of the king made from [PAR] solid silver. It was installed at her home at 79 Pall Mall. [PAR] The archive, to be auctioned next month, provides a detailed snapshot of Nell’s life, from what she ate and drank to her visits around London – often to other mistresses of the king – and what she bought to wear. [PAR] One set of household expenses from February 1677 includes the hiring of sedan chairs, a visit to a play, the most expensive single item at 12s, the purchase of a new book at 6d and a 1s 8d spinningtop for her six-year-old son – one of two she had illegitimately by the king. [PAR] As for food, there were macaroons (1s), rum (1s 6d), brandy (8d) and faggots (6d). [PAR] Like any good housewife, however, Nell knew to buy in bulk. Accounts for a three-week period in 1675 show she paid 12s for ‘12 pare of Childrns gloves’. Dozens of other invoices are recorded for ironmongers, coachmakers, farriers, chairmen ( sedancarriers), vintners, farmers, colliers, chandlers, greengrocers, silkmen, milliners, tailors, drapers, hosiers, butchers and dyers. [PAR] Extravagant though her tastes may have been, Nell was also charitable. One entry is marked as a gift for ‘poor man at the lay house’ – although it, too, was submitted to the Exchequer. [PAR] The papers are expected to fetch up to £60,000 at Sotheby’s on July 17. Gabriel Heaton, of Sotheby’s, said: ‘Manuscripts relating to Nell Gwyn are of the greatest rarity – she was at best semi-literate – and the archive provides us with a vivid illumination of the Restoration court and the lifestyle of the best-remembered Royal mistress in English history.’ [PAR] The documents are being sold by a descendant of the 12th Duke of St Albans. One of Nell’s two sons by the king was Charles, later created Duke of St Albans. [PAR] On his deathbed in 1685, the king is reported to have said to his brother: ‘Let not poor Nelly starve.’ She died two years later, aged 37.[DOC] [TLE] Nell GwynEleanor "Nell" Gwyn'}, 'question': {'Royal mistress Nell Gwynn famously sold what items?'}}

['oranges']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] King’s evil and the royal touch - Science Museum, LondonKing’s evil and the royal touch [PAR] Select from the menus below to find out more about a technique or technology. [PAR] King’s evil and the royal touch [PAR] Charles II touching a patient for the King's evil. [PAR] Add image to my collection [PAR] In the Middle Ages it was believed in England and France that a touch from royalty could heal skin disease known as scrofula or the ‘king's evil’. Scrofula was usually a swelling of the lymph nodes in the neck caused by tuberculosis . The practice began with King Edward the Confessor in England (1003/4-1066) and Philip I (1052-1108) in France. [PAR] Subsequent English and French kings were thought to have inherited this ‘royal touch’, which was supposed to show that their right to rule was God-given. In grand ceremonies, kings touched hundreds of people afflicted by scrofula. They received special gold coins called 'touchpieces' which they often treated as amulets . [PAR] By the late 1400s it was believed that you could also be cured by touching a type of coin called an angel, which had been touched by the monarch. After angels ceased to be minted in the 1620s the same effect was said to be achieved by touching a gold medallion embossed much like the old coin. [PAR] Some monarchs touched many people. King Henry IV of France touched up to 1500 victims at one time. The last English monarch to carry out this practice was Queen Anne, who died in 1714, but it continued in France. Louis XV touched more than 2000 scrofula victims and the last French monarch to do this was Charles X in 1825.[DOC] [TLE] Six Mystifying Medieval Maladies | HistoryOnTheNetSix Mystifying Medieval Maladies | HistoryOnTheNet [PAR] Six Mystifying Medieval Maladies [PAR] Last Updated: 12/11/2014 - 15:42 [PAR] The Middle Ages were a terrible time to get sick. There was no sanitation inside cities and hardly any in rural areas. While there might be some drainage or elementary sewers, the fact remains that people simply threw their bodily wastes out into the streets. Animal dung, dead dogs and rotting garbage of all kinds landed in the street and stayed there, trampled in and out of people’s houses. [PAR] The Catholic Church controlled medical care, what there was of it. The Church determined that God sent sickness as punishment for sins, and prayer was the only recommended treatment. The main medical teaching of the time consisted of balancing the four humors for good health, which led to bloodletting and purging as the main treatments. While these treatments didn’t kill the patient (most of the time), they also didn’t do any good. Superstition and old wives’ tales were rife. [PAR] Still, the doctors of the time did what they could to alleviate disease, the best using herbs and spices as treatments. While some diseases were treated with a degree of efficiency, others simply were beyond explanation and cure. What follows are a few of the most bizarre diseases of those times. [PAR] St. Anthony’s Fire [PAR] In 945 A.D., hundreds of people in Paris became violently sick with nausea and great burning sores on their arms, legs and groin. Many fled to the church of St. Mary where Duke Hugh, Count of Paris, treated them. The people at St. Mary’s recovered and they returned home. [PAR] As it turned out, the Parisians had eaten rye bread poisoned by an ergot infestation, although no one recognized this at the time. In fact, what we now know as ergot poisoning was thought to be witchcraft due to the many hallucinations experienced by the afflicted. [PAR] Throughout the Middle Ages, ergot poisonings were common, often killing many thousands at a time. Ergot, a fungus which grows on rye and other grain during wet seasons, causes two sets of symptoms—convulsive, which causes contortions, twitching and hallucinations—and gangrenous, which causes nausea, burning sores, pain and loss of limbs, as well as hallucinations. When the people were at St. Mary’s, Duke Hugh had fed them from his own clean store of grains—which promptly relieved their symptoms. In 1093, the Order of St."}, 'question': {'"In the middle ages, what infection was called ""the king\'s evil"", and, it was rumoured, could be cured by the touch of a king?"'}}

['scrofula']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Tennis – popular and international 1900s–1950s | australia ...Tennis – popular and international 1900s–1950s | australia.gov.au [PAR] Tennis – popular and international 1900s–1950s [PAR] Tennis – popular and international 1900s–1950s [PAR] Women's tennis, advertisement for Barnet Glass tennis balls, 1924 in Australasian Lawn Tennis [PAR] Tennis became popular as a social game from its arrival in Australia in the late 1870s, and courts sprang up everywhere in community and private grounds. It was a game that was taken up enthusiastically by both men and women, both for fun and as an elite sport. Since 1900, Australian men and women tennis players have been ranked as some of the world's best. [PAR] Australia's first international champion was Norm Brookes who was the first Australian to win the Wimbledon Singles titles in 1907. In the same year Brookes was the first outsider to break the dominance of the UK and USA with his win in the Doubles of the Davis Cup, the international men's championship. Australia then hosted international championship events in 1908 and Brookes went on to dominate tennis administration in Australia for the next 50 years. [PAR] Across the four major Open titles, known as Grand Slam tournaments – the Australian, French and United States Open and Wimbledon, UK – there have been five Australian Grand Slam winners. The first Grand Slam winners were Ken McGregor, and Frank Sedgman for the Doubles in 1951. Rod Laver who won it twice, in 1962 and 1969, is arguably the greatest tennis player in the world. Margaret Court also won all four tournaments in one year when she completed the Grand Slam in 1970, one of only three women in the world to achieve this. [PAR] Norman Brookes, Wimbledon Singles Champion 1907 [PAR] From its early days, tennis was highly popular with women in Australia although there was no financial support for them to travel to overseas tournaments. Never-the-less, with fund raising, Daphne Akhurst made the finals of Wimbledon in 1928. In 1938, Nancy Bolton became the first Australian woman to play in a US Championship final when she was 22. Lesley Bowrey was the first Australian women to win two French Open singles titles in 1963 and 1964, and the Mixed Doubles at Wimbledon in 1961 and 1967. [PAR] From the 1920s onwards, there was such an increased demand for tennis racquets, balls and equipment that an Australian industry began exporting to both the UK and USA in the 1930s. The images of well-known players were featured on Australian made racquets which made their way into overseas markets. This arrangement of sporting companies endorsing players helped support the amateur status of Australian players competing in the Davis Cup and Grand Slam tournaments until 1969. [PAR] Australian players dominated the world amateur tournaments until the 1960s. In 1969 a wider group of players could compete when the Grand Slam tournaments agreed to permit professionals and amateur players. However, even after Australia's domination of world tennis was broken in the 1960s, tennis remained popular as a sport for both participants and spectators. Australian tennis crowds hold their own world records for watching single live tennis games. [PAR] ‘Real’ or lawn tennis, lawn with new rubber balls [PAR] Rippon Lea, Melbourne tennis court built in 1880s [PAR] The first recorded tennis tournament played in Australia was held in January 1880 on the courts of the Melbourne Cricket Club. In Australia, tennis competitions were originally called 'lawn tennis' and the courts were surfaced with grass. Prior to this indoor or ‘real’ tennis was played indoors and used balls made from leather stuffed with cotton. Real tennis courts still operate in Melbourne, Ballarat and Tasmania. [PAR] Bouncy rubber balls developed following the vulcanisation of rubber by Charles Goodyear in the USA in the 1830s and further inventions in the UK in the 1850s and 1860s. In 1874 cloth surfaces were applied to the rubber ball. In 1902, Slazenger became the ball of preference at Wimbledon. [PAR] Both uncovered and covered balls were used according to different surfaces. On asphalt uncovered balls were used, while covered balls were best on grass. In Burnie, Tasmania a Victorian club team from Grace Park in 1901 played on wooden courts with uncovered balls [PAR] Development of Tennis Balls & Unusual Ball Cleaners, December 2008, Tennis History) [PAR] An"}, 'question': {"Who has won the Women's Singles title at Australia's premier tennis tournament, with 10 wins?"}}

['margaret smith court' 'margaret court']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Apple Records - The Beatles Wiki - WikiaApple Records | The Beatles Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia [PAR] Edit [PAR] Apple Records was founded in 1968 as a sub-division of the Beatles' Apple Corps project, which in practice was established as a small group of companies (Apple Retail, Apple Publishing, Apple Films and so on). At this time, the Beatles were contracted to Parlophone in the United Kingdom and Capitol Records in the United States. In a new recording deal, EMI and Capitol agreed to distribute Apple Records until 1975, although EMI retained ownership of the Beatles' recordings. Although they were issued on the Apple label, they carried Parlophone R-prefixed catalogue numbers. Apple Records owns the rights to all of the Beatles' videos and movie clips, however, and to the recordings of other artistes signed to the label. [PAR] Initially, Apple Records and Apple Publishing signed a number of acts whom the Beatles personally discovered or supported, and in most cases one or more of the Beatles would be involved in the recording sessions. Several notable artistes were signed in the first year including Mary Hopkin, Billy Preston, the Modern Jazz Quartet and The Iveys (who later became Badfinger). In 1969, the Beatles were in need of financial and managerial direction and Lennon was introduced to Allen Klein through Mick Jagger, as Klein was managing The Rolling Stones at the time. [PAR] Klein went on to manage Apple, by virtue of his three-to-one support from the Beatles, Paul McCartney the only group member opposed to his involvement. (McCartney had suggested his then new father-in-law Lee Eastman for the job.) [PAR] After Klein took control of Apple, several sub-divisions, including Apple Electronics, were shut down, and some of Apple Records' artistic roster effectively dropped. Thereafter, new signings were not so numerous, and tended to arrive through the individual actions of The (ex-)Beatles, with the formal approval of the others. (e.g., Elephant's Memory were recruited through John Lennon, Ravi Shankar through George Harrison, etc.) Paul McCartney had little input into Apple Records' roster after 1970. [PAR] During the 1974 proceedings dissolving the Beatles as an entity, a court ruling decreed that eighty percent of all profits from Beatles albums (as a group) would accrue to Apple Records, and five percent would go to each of the four members. Mostly through continued issues of old Beatles records, the label consistently made a profit until 1984, after which it lost money for several years. [PAR] Standard Apple album and single labels displayed a bright green Granny Smith apple on the A-side, while the flipside displayed the midsection of the apple cut in half. The bright green apple returned for Beatles CDs releases in the 1990s, following initial CD releases on Parlophone . However, on the U.S. issue of the Beatles' Let It Be album, the Granny Smith apple was red. The reason was that in the United States that album, being the soundtrack to the movie of the same name, was, for contractual reasons, being manufactured and distributed by United Artists Records and not Capitol Records, so the red apple was used to mark the difference. In the late 70s, Capitol's parent company EMI later purchased United Artists Records and Capitol gained the American rights to the Let It Be soundtrack album (along with the America rights to another, earlier, UA Beatles movie soundtrack LP, 1964's A Hard Day's Night ). [PAR] Original U.K. versions of all standard Beatles albums were released worldwide on CD in 1987 and 1988 on the Parlophone label with no Apple logo, even including albums originally released on Apple. Previously, Abbey Road had been issued on CD by the EMI-Odeon label in Japan in the early 1980s. Although this was a legitimate release, it was not authorized by the Beatles, the main EMI company or Apple Corps. As a result, very few were made. It was not until the BBC sessions and the Anthology series that Apple labels started appearing on the CDs. Subsequent releases have been on the familiar Apple label or at least had the Apple logo. [PAR] In"}, 'question': {'What type of apple is on the Apple Records logo?'}}

['green apple']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] SOLUTION: # 7. Pick any number and multiply the number by ...SOLUTION: # 7. Pick any number and multiply the number by 2. Add 10 to the product. Divide the sum by 2. Subtract 5 from the quotient. Multiply the result by 7. What is the relationship [PAR] SOLUTION: # 7. Pick any number and multiply the number by 2. Add 10 to the product. Divide the sum by 2. Subtract 5 from the quotient. Multiply the result by 7. What is the relationship [PAR] Algebra \xa0->\xa0 Polynomials-and-rational-expressions -> SOLUTION: # 7. Pick any number and multiply the number by 2. Add 10 to the product. Divide the sum by 2. Subtract 5 from the quotient. Multiply the result by 7. What is the relationship\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 [PAR] Click here to see ALL problems on Polynomials-and-rational-expressions [PAR] Question 190372 : # 7. Pick any number and multiply the number by 2. Add 10 to the product. Divide the sum by 2. Subtract 5 from the quotient. Multiply the result by 7. What is the relationship between the number you started with and the final number. Select some different numbers and repeat the process. Make a conjecture about the original number and the final number. [PAR] You can put this solution on YOUR website! [PAR] # 7 [PAR] Q: Pick any number and multiply the number by 2. Add 10 to the product. Divide the sum by 2. Subtract 5 from the quotient. Multiply the result by 7. What is the relationship between the number you started with and the final number. Select some different numbers and repeat the process. Make a conjecture about the original number and the final number. [PAR] A: [PAR] Let "x" be any number [PAR] Step 1) "Pick any number". I choose the number 2 [PAR] Step 2) "...multiply the number by 2". 2*2 = 4 [PAR] Step 3) "Add 10 to the product". 4 + 10 = 14 [PAR] Step 4) "Divide the sum by 2". 14/2 = 7 [PAR] Step 5) "Subtract 5 from the quotient". 7 - 5 = 2 [PAR] Step 6) "Multiply the result by 7". 2 * 7 = 14 [PAR] So after picking the number 2, the result after all of these operations is 14 [PAR] ------------------------------------------------ [PAR] Step 1) "Pick any number". I choose the number 5 [PAR] Step 2) "...multiply the number by 2". 5*2 = 10 [PAR] Step 3) "Add 10 to the product". 10 + 10 = 20 [PAR] Step 4) "Divide the sum by 2". 20/2 = 10 [PAR] Step 5) "Subtract 5 from the quotient". 10 - 5 = 5 [PAR] Step 6) "Multiply the result by 7". 5 * 7 = 35 [PAR] So after picking the number 5, the result after all of these operations is 35 [PAR] ------------------------------------------------ [PAR] Step 1) "Pick any number". I choose the number 11 [PAR] Step 2) "...multiply the number by 2". 11*2 = 22 [PAR] Step 3) "Add 10 to the product". 22 + 10 = 32 [PAR] Step 4) "Divide the sum by 2". 32/2 = 16 [PAR] Step 5) "Subtract 5 from the quotient". 16 - 5 = 11 [PAR] Step 6) "Multiply the result by 7". 11 * 7 = 77 [PAR] So after picking the number 11, the result after all of these operations is 77 [PAR] ------------------------------------------------ [PAR] Step 1) "Pick any number". I choose the number 8 [PAR] Step 2) "...multiply the number by 2". 8*2 = 16 [PAR] Step 3) "Add 10 to the product". 16 + 10 = 26 [PAR] Step 4) "Divide the sum by 2". 26/2 = 13 [PAR] Step 5) "Subtract 5'}, 'question': {'If you take any number, double it, add 10, divide by 2, and subtract your original number, what will the answer be?'}}

['5']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Settings - ROMASettings - ROMA [PAR] Settings [PAR] ROMA [PAR] Roma 510 BC [PAR] Roma 510 BC \xa0had the 7 hills: Aventine Hill ,\xa0Palatine\xa0Hill , Capitoline (Asylum) Hill, Caelian Hill, Esquiline Hill, Quirinal Hill, and Viminal Hill.\xa0 [PAR] Atop the Aventine Hill: The Temple of Diana [PAR] Atop the Palatine Hill: Hut of Romulus [PAR] Atop the Capitoline (Asylum) Hill: The Jupiter Capitolinus [PAR] \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 The Altar of Asylaeus\xa0 [PAR] \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0The Tullianum (prison) [PAR] Atop the Quirinal Hill: The Altar of \xa0Quirinus\xa0 [PAR] Between the Palatine Hill and the Aventine Hill, there is the Circus Maximus, a type of stage. Inside the Circus Maximus, there is The Altar of Consus. [PAR] Between the Palatine Hill and the Capitoline Hill, there is the Cloaca Maxima, which is a racing track. At the foot of the Palatine and next to the Cloaca Maxima is The Ara Maxima. At the foot of the Capitoline Hill, there is The Temple of Fortuna. [PAR] At the end of the Cloaca Maxima, there is the Forum, a type of meeting place. To the north of the Forum is the Senate House, and to the south of the Forum is the House of Vestals, and the Temple of Vesta. [PAR] Create a free website[DOC] [TLE] Caelian Hill Tours, Trips & Tickets - Rome Attractions ...The 5 Best Caelian Hill Tours, Trips & Tickets - Rome | Viator [PAR] Rome ATTRACTIONS See all [PAR] Caelian Hill [PAR] Caelian Hill is the most south-eastern hill of the of the famous “Seven Hills of Rome,” which are located east of the river Tiber and form the geographical heart of Rome, within the walls of the ancient city. The other hills are Aventine Hill, Capitoline Hill, Esquiline Hill, Quirinal Hill, Viminal Hill and Palatine Hill, where Romulus founded the city and where the main archaeological remains can still be seen today. [PAR] The hills were initially not grouped in any way, and only started to interact with each other when denizens began playing religious games and turned the valleys separating them into lively markets named fora in Latin. It wasn’t until the 4th century, however, that the Servian Walls were built to protect newly-formed Rome. [PAR] In Republican-era Rome, Caelian Hill was reserved to the wealthy; it was a fashionable residential district and the site of many lavish villas. The western slope of the hill is one of the few tranquil and unpopulated places in Rome, seemingly stuck in ancient times. Several ancient churches can be visited on Caelian Hill, including the little known but fascinating 4th century Basilica di San Clemente (burial place of St. Paul’s of the Cross which founded the Passionists and station church of the first Friday in Lent), as well as the circular, 5th century Santo Stefano Rotondo. Visitors can also admire the foundations of the temple Nero erected in honor of his predecessor Claudius and where the 17-year-old Emperor came to the throne. Elegant tree-lined gateways lead to Villa Celimontana, one of Rome’s nicest parks. [PAR] Practical Info [PAR] Visitors wishing to visit Caelian Hill can do so by metro (Circo Massimo and Colosseo stations), by tram (line 3) or by bus (route 81). [PAR] Tours & Tickets[DOC] [TLE] Seven Hills of Rome - Pure Travel Adventure HolidaysSeven Hills of Rome [PAR] A journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step [PAR] Seven Hills of Rome [PAR] Email [PAR] They call Rome “The Eternal City.” All roads lead to Rome. When in Rome, do like the Romans. La Dolce Vita, shot mostly by Fellini in iconic Via Veneto Rome . And so on. [PAR] Italy’s bellwether metropolis, nerve centre and capital may have lost some economic lustre over the decades to EU stars like London, Paris, Brussels, Madrid and Amsterdam. For the average tourist, this is of minimal concern. Because when you step out of Colosseo station on Line B of the Rome Metro and stare at the city’s linchpin landmark in awe, you quickly understand. Rome is Eternal. [PAR] From the Sistine Chapel to Trevi Fountain, this 14,000-year-'}, 'question': {'What is the next in this sequence: Palatine Hill, Capitoline Hill, Quirinal Hill, Viminal Hill, Esquiline Hill, Caelian Hill, ... ?'}}

['aventine hill']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] The Town of __, alternative title of The Mikado by Gilbert ...The Town of __, alternative title of The Mikado by Gilbert and Sullivan - Crossword clues & answers - Global Clue [PAR] Useful website for every solver [PAR] The Town of __, alternative title of The Mikado by Gilbert and Sullivan [PAR] Let\'s find possible answers to "The Town of __, alternative title of The Mikado by Gilbert and Sullivan" crossword clue. First of all, we will look for a few extra hints for this entry: The Town of __, alternative title of The Mikado by Gilbert and Sullivan. Finally, we will solve this crossword puzzle clue and get the correct word. We have 1 possible solution for this clue in our database. [PAR] Related clues[DOC] [TLE] Jakki Ford\'s Gallery - Gilbert and Sullivan The Mikado ...Jakki Ford\'s Gallery - Gilbert and Sullivan The Mikado Cast Members 2 [PAR] Gilbert and Sullivan The Mikado Cast Members 2 [PAR] Jakki Ford\'s Gallery [PAR] Jakki Ford\'s Gallery > Performing Photos > Gilbert and Sullivan The Mikado Cast Members 2 [PAR] Photo DetailsTitleGilbert and Sullivan The Mikado Cast Members 2 [PAR] DescriptionCast photo of the female opera chorus for the Nevada Opera production of Gilbert and Sullivan\'s The Mikado. Can you find Jakki-san?[DOC] [TLE] The Gilbert and Sullivan Operettas - MITThe Gilbert and Sullivan Operettas [PAR] Links [PAR] The Gilbert and Sullivan Operettas [PAR] Our group is dedicated to performing the joint works of Sir W.S. Gilbert (1836-1911), playwright and humorist, and Sir Arthur Sullivan (1842-1900), unofficial composer laureate of England and favorite of Queen Victoria. Together they wrote a series of fourteen comic operettas (including [PAR] H.M.S. Pinafore, The Pirates of Penzance [PAR] , and [PAR] The Mikado [PAR] ) which were wildly popular in their own time and are still widely performed by amateur and professional groups today, over a hundred years after their creation. [PAR] These operettas were the forerunners of our modern musicals, and in many ways resemble them more than they do the grand operas. Their songs and choruses -- mostly light and comic in nature -- are interspersed with spoken dialogue rather than recitative. In fact, few if any of the performers in Gilbert and Sullivan\'s original productions were professional opera singers; some of the chorus members were even outright amateurs. [PAR] Though over a century old, the works of Gilbert and Sullivan are as fresh and sparkling today as the day they were written. Gilbert may have chosen specific aspects of Victorian society for his satire, but his wit is as relevant now as it ever was: "I always voted at my party\'s call / And I never thought of thinking for myself at all," sings Sir Joseph Porter in [PAR] Pinafore [PAR] , but the lines could as easily belong to most modern politicians. [PAR] Gilbert and Sullivan songs continue to turn up in places as diverse as episodes of "The Muppet Show" (Tit-Willow), "Animaniacs" (Three Little Maids from School, as well as much of The Pirates of Penzance), "The Simpsons" (selections from [PAR] The Mikado [PAR] and [PAR] H.M.S. Pinafore [PAR] ) and "Rumpole of the Bailey" (The Flowers that Bloom in the Spring, among others). As recently as 1982, Joseph Papp mounted a successful production of [PAR] The Pirates of Penzance [PAR] on Broadway, with Linda Ronstadt and Kevin Kline in two of the leading roles. [PAR] We are always on the lookout for new members. So come audition for us (near the beginning of each term), or join our orchestra or tech crew! If you have any questions about our group, or anything remotely relevant to it, please don\'t hesitate to contact us using this form . [PAR] Thespis [PAR] The Gods on Mount Olympus are old and tired, so decide to take a vacation to earth while a group of traveling actors take their place. (Most of the music for this opera has been lost, so it is played'}, 'question': {'"What is the alternative title of Gilbert and Sullivan\'s ""The Mikado""?"'}}

['mikado']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Music Note Values - Essential Music TheoryMusic Note Values [PAR] Music Note Values [PAR] Each music note written on the stave has a duration (length) as well as pitch. It is the design of the note that tells you its duration, in the same way as the position on the staff tells you the pitch. So each music note on a stave gives you two pieces of information, pitch and duration. This page focuses on the duration of each note. [PAR] The Rhythm Tree [PAR] In order to fully understand note lengths become familiar with the rhythm tree. Click here to learn more about the rhythm tree before continuing. The rhythm tree shows how the notes are related to each other. [PAR] Double Whole Note (Breve) [PAR] Although the whole note is the longest note we generally use today, as is hinted at by the UK name there used be a note called a Breve. This is known as a Double Whole note in the US. The double whole note (breve) divides into 2 whole notes (semibreves) following the pattern of the other notes in the Rhythm Tree. The Double Whole note (Breve) is therefore worth 8 quarter notes (crotchets). The Double Whole note (Breve) fell out of use as smaller value notes were invented by composers. It can be notated as an open rectangle or a whole note with bars either side. Click here to read more about the double whole note (breve) and how our modern system of music notation developed. Make sure you have a few spare moments though as once you start reading the history of the music note it's difficult to stop! [PAR] Whole Note (Semibreve) [PAR] The Whole note is the longest music note in general use today. It is an open note with no stem. I always say to my students it looks like a hole…so it is easy to remember! The duration of the whole note is 4 quarter notes. [PAR] Half Note (Minim) [PAR] The Half note duration is 2 quarter notes. It differs from the whole note in that it has a stem, although it is still open. For students I liken this stem to the line in the middle of the ½. This also helps them remember that 1 half note is worth 2 beats (in 4/4 timing, which is what they are usually working in when learning this). [PAR] Quarter Note (Crotchet) [PAR] The quarter note has become the de facto standard 1 beat music note. This has happened as the 4/4 time signature is the most popular (with 3/4 and 2/4 following close behind) and quarter notes have a duration of 1 in these time signatures. It is also roughly in the middle of the most used notes in the Rhythm Tree , making the quarter note the ideal candidate for ensuring whole notes don't become too long to count, and shorter, popular notes such as eighth and sixteenth notes aren't impossible to count in terms of them being fractions of a note. The quarter note changes from the half note as it is filled in, as opposed to empty. [PAR] Eighth Note (Quaver) [PAR] The eighth note is worth ½ of a Quarter note. It may also be considered as a one beat note in 3/8 and similar timings, the 8 on the bottom of the time signature giving the clue that you are counting in eighth notes. This is the first note in the rhythm tree to have a flag. The flag is the name for the 'tail' added to the eighth note. Eighth notes may be a single as shown on the left, or joined together with beams. [PAR] It is common to see eighth notes joined into sets of 2 to make one beat. Eighth notes may also be grouped in 3s, 4s, 5s, or even 6s depending on the time signature. Remember, however, that no matter how many eighth notes are joined, each one is worth half a quarter note. [PAR] Sixteenth note (Semiquaver) [PAR] The"}, 'question': {'In music, what is the name given to 1/16th of the whole note?'}}

['semiquaver' 'sixteenth note' 'sixteenth notes']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Guangzhou Facts: Location, History, Travel GuideGuangzhou Facts: Location, History, Travel Guide [PAR] Guangzhou Facts [PAR] \xa0Chinese Name: 广州 (guǎng zhōu) [PAR] \xa0Alias: Five-Goat City, Goat City, City of Spike, City of Flowers [PAR] \xa0Location: South-central Guangdong Province , Pearl River Delta, Southern China\xa0(34°16′N, 108°54′E) [PAR] \xa0Urban Land Area: 3,843.4 sq km (6,000 sq mi) [PAR] \xa0Postal Code: 510000 [PAR] \xa0 The 16th Asian Games, 2010 [PAR] Guangzhou, known as Canton, is a modern, vigorous metropolis. It is the third largest city in China and is the political, economic, sci-tech, educational and cultural hub of southern China. It is located in south-central Guangdong Province, north of the Pearl River Delta. It lies close to the South China Sea , Hong Kong and Macau . Pearl River (Zhujiang), the third longest river in China runs through\xa0the city\xa0and is navigable to the South China Sea. These geographical features bestow the name "South Gate of China" upon the city. [PAR] During the Zhou Dynasty (1045 B.C. – 256 B.C.) the Cantonese peoples suffered from famine for many years. Legend has it that one day five immortals riding five goats with rice ears each of a different color descended from heaven and blessed the area with favorable weather that produced rich harvests. Thus,\xa0this city\xa0is also known as the "Five-Goat City (Wuyangcheng)" and the "City of Spike (Suicheng)." To express their gratitude to the celestial beings, the locals erected the "Five Immortals Temple." [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Five Rams Sculpture [PAR] Sun Yat-sen\'s Statue [PAR] The local climate is sub-tropical. The average year-round temperature is 22℃ (71.6℉). The rainy season falls between April and August. The best time to visit\xa0the city\xa0is between October and December. Pleasant weather, abundant rain and sunlight provide ideal conditions for agriculture. Another alias of this city\xa0is the "City of Flowers" with evergreen plants and flowers blooming all year round. Detailed information of Guangzhou weather . [PAR] Many historic sights including the Western Han Nanyue King\'s Tomb Museum , and the Bright Filial Piety Temple tell us the ancient history of the city. Baiyunshan Scenic Area and Yuexiu Park showcase the natural scenery of the city. Shanmian Island retains some of its former grandeur in the mansions with its exotic mansions. The Guangzhou Museum of Art is one of the best in China and is definitely worth a visit. Apart from that the real highlights are the city\'s markets and vast bazaars. [PAR] Chen Clan\'s Academy [PAR] The\xa0city\xa0has a massive number of malls and retail stores. Grand shopping malls such as the TeeMall Plaza, the China Plaza plus the trade fairs in the Guangzhou International Building provide easy access to top-notch products from all over the world. Visitors will enjoy stroll on the Shangxiajiu Pedestrian Street and Beijing Road Business Street. The city is a true shoppers\'paradise. [PAR] The city also\xa0has a worldwide reputation for good food. It has more restaurants and teahouses than any other city in China. Cantonese cuisine (Yuecai), one of the eight famous cuisines of China, is redolent with color, fragrance, taste and presentation. Yuecai is an absolute "must do" when dining there. Try the famous Cantonese pastries well known for their wide range of varieties, delicate flavors and different hues. [PAR] As the most important center of foreign commerce in South China,\xa0this city\xa0has hosted the China Import and Export Fair ( Canton Fair ) twice a year since 1957. Do make a reservation in advance if you decide to visit\xa0the city\xa0during the fair. Individuals touring for pleasure should be aware that hotel rates become quite expensive during that period.\xa0 You can book Canton fair hotels in advance with great discount. [PAR] \xa0Go to see History of the City [PAR] \xa0Recommended\xa0Itineraries:\xa0 [PAR] Sightseeing\xa0City : 3 Days to Dr. Sun Yat-sen\'s Memorial Hall, Yuexiu'}, 'question': {'The city of Canton in China is now known as what?'}}

['guangzhou' '广州']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] The Rocky Horror Picture Show (Film) - TV TropesThe Rocky Horror Picture Show (Film) - TV Tropes [PAR] The Rocky Horror Picture Show [PAR] You need to login to do this. Get Known if you don\'t have an account [PAR] Share [PAR] Film / The Rocky Horror Picture Show [PAR] × [PAR] Those nylons never had it so good. [PAR] I see you shiver with antici... [PAR] \'\'"I would likenote\xa0You would, wouldn\'t you?!, if I maynote\xa0You may not!, to take younote\xa0Where?? on a strange journey...note\xa0How strange was it? So strange they made a movie about it!" [PAR] The Rocky Horror Picture Show is a 1975 musical film written by Richard O\'Brien and directed by Jim Sharman. It\'s most famous for still being played in theatres all over the world once a week, and for having a fanbase that dresses up, throws stuff at the screen, re-enacts the scenes and generally indulges in Audience Participation . The film is based on the stage musical The Rocky Horror Show, also by Richard O\'Brien (who played Riff Raff both in its original staging and this film). [PAR] The story: Brad Majorsnote\xa0Asshole! and Janet Weissnote\xa0Slut! are two lovely, naive virgins from Denton, U.S.A. , who get engaged and drive off to tell Dr. Scott, their former teacher. However, on the way there, they get a flat tire and find themselves outside a spooky castle house ("It\'s probably a hunting lodge for rich weirdos")... and that\'s where things get really, really, reeaaaaaaaaalllly weird. [PAR] They meet the servants, Riff-Raff and Magenta, and groupie Columbia, who live with Dr. Frank-N-Furter... a "Sweet" Transvestite Mad Scientist , to be specific (from Transsexual, Transylvania). After being stripped down to their underwear, they are invited up to Frank-N-Furter\'s lab where he unveils his creation — the Brainless Beauty Rocky Horror. [PAR] They are interrupted by biker/ex-delivery boy Eddie , Columbia\'s lover, whom Frank-N-Furter had kept in the deep-freeze. Brad and Janet are then shown to separate rooms, and Frank-N-Furter deceives the two into sleeping with him via both Paper-Thin Disguise and the fact they\'re both horny enough. Both victims are horrified afterwards, and Janet wanders the castle till she finds Rocky (cowering from Riff Raff, who\'s been tormenting him). Realizing she\'s been cheated on by Brad, she takes an interest in the monster... [PAR] At this point, Dr. Scott appears looking for his nephew Eddie, and Janet and Rocky are found together. Frank-N-Furter invites them all to dinner... [PAR] There is a pseudo-sequel, Shock Treatment (1981), focusing on the bizarre turns Brad and Janet\'s lives take upon their return to Denton after their adventure in Rocky Horror, but it was not as well-received as its predecessor. Its makers also weren\'t happy with how it turned out, due to many compromises made during its production , such as character recastings and a drastically cut budget. It also never really took off as an Audience Participation show due to its bigger cast of characters. It was released in 2006 on DVD, but the quality of the transfer isn\'t much better than the VHS tape or LaserDisc that proceeded it. [PAR] There have been several remake attempts, none of which went anywhere, until it was announced that Fox was making a two-hour TV special [PAR] set for fall of 2016. The special has some pretty good names attached, including Laverne Cox starring as Dr. Frank-N-Furter [PAR] . as well as Tim Curry himself taking up the role of the Criminologist. That special, titled The Rocky Horror Picture Show: Let\'s Do the Time Warp Again , premiered October 20, 2016. [PAR] The original version of The Rocky Horror Picture Show contains examples of: [PAR] Adaptation Distillation : Some music was cut from the original show, including a whole song for Brad and a verse or two'}, 'question': {'What musical features the characters Frank N Furter and Riff Raff?'}}

['rocky horror show']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Military Music in American and European Traditions | Essay ...Military Music in American and European Traditions | Essay | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art [PAR] The Metropolitan Museum of Art [PAR] Military Music in American and European Traditions [PAR] See works of art [PAR] Essay [PAR] Military Field Music: European Traditions [PAR] Musical instruments have played an important role in the military of many cultures for thousands of years. In Euro-American culture, drums ordered the daily lives of the average soldiers, providing cadences for marching and signals for battle, as well as marking routine activities such as meal and bed time. The drum most associated with the military was a snare drum. Known as a side drum because it hangs on a sling at the player’s side, the cylindrical instrument has two skin heads: the batter head (top), which the drummer beats with two sticks, and the snare head (bottom), so named for the gut twine that when placed against the head gives the instrument its characteristic “buzzy” sound. [PAR] The side drum is first known to have existed in Switzerland, perhaps as early as the fourteenth century, and was soon found throughout Europe. In art, the side drum is often depicted with other military equipment, as a symbol of war. A woodcut from 1544 by Hans Sebald Beham, Nuremberg, pairs a drummer with a standard bearer ( 41.1.90 ). In the Guardroom with the Deliverance of Saint Peter, ca. 1645–46, David Teniers (the Younger) depicts a drum with other discarded military equipment ( 64.65.5 ). An example of this type of large military side drum is decorated with the cipher of Frederick Augustus (the Strong), elector of Saxony and king of Poland (r. 1693–1733), and was probably an actual instrument used in his army ( 14.25.1618 ). [PAR] The side drum could be played alone or with a fife. The fife is a small flute that provided melodic tunes to accompany the rhythmic signals and cadences of the drum. The fife was usually made of a single piece of wood, with six finger holes that could provide for a diatonic scale. The traditional pairing of the drum and fife developed from the medieval practice of a single player performing on a tabor (small drum) and pipe to accompany dances. [PAR] Military Field Music: The United States [PAR] European military instruments were brought to the New World and used in much the same way as they had been in the mother countries. As militias formed in the towns and villages of colonial America , drummers played an important role in summoning men from rural areas to take up arms. Revolutionary War drummers and fifers were used in battle to signal the soldiers to fire. In the hazy fog of battle, visual command was impossible and musical instruments were the only way to convey orders to the troops. [PAR] The combination of the fife and drum became known as military field music. By the time of the Civil War , each company had its own field musicians, one fifer and one drummer, to provide the daily signals telling the soldiers to wake up, eat, and go to bed. The drummers and fifers of a regiment gathered to create the larger drum and fife corps, which provided the cadences and signals for more formal occasions. [PAR] Drums ( 2010.138.1-.4 ), like banners and flags, were important symbols of a military unit. They were often decorated with the unit’s insignia, coats of arms, or national symbols. In the United States, the eagle, a proud symbol of the nation, was a popular decoration on everything from carriages to buttons beginning in the late eighteenth century, and was also emblazoned on drums ( 58.82 ). The drums became known as eagle drums and by the 1840s, the United States Army was attempting to standardize these decorations. Eagle drums were especially popular with the Union Army during the Civil War ( 89.4.2162 ). [PAR] A third musical instrument was introduced into military field music in the nineteenth century. The military bugle was first used around 1800 in England, and introduced to the United States during the War of 1812. Bugles are brass instruments characterized by a conical bore tubing, usually wound once around'}, 'question': {'Military signals are usually played on which instrument?'}}

['bugle']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Map of Sauerkraut - The Full WikiMap of Sauerkraut - The Full Wiki [PAR] The Full Wiki [PAR] \xa0\xa0 [PAR] \xa0\xa0 [PAR] Map showing all locations mentioned on Wikipedia article: [PAR] Polish Sauerkraut (Kiszona kapusta) [PAR] Dutch sauerkraut ("zuurkool") mashed with potatoes in pan [PAR] Sauerkraut ( in English; , ) is finely shredded cabbage that has been fermented by various lactic acid bacteria , including Leuconostoc , Lactobacillus , and Pediococcus . It has a long shelf-life and a distinctive sour flavor, both of which result from the lactic acid that forms when the bacteria ferment the sugars in the cabbage. It is therefore not to be confused with coleslaw , which receives its acidic taste from vinegar . [PAR] The word comes directly from the German language , which literally translates to sour herb. Sauerkraut is traditional in German , Austrian , Slovenian (kislo zelje), Croatian (kiseli kupus), Slovak (kyslá kapusta), Polish (kiszona kapusta), Czech (kysané zelí), Dutch (zuurkool), Estonian (hapukapsas), Finnish (hapankaali), Latvian (skābi kāposti), Lithuanian (rauginti kopūstai), Danish (surkål), Romanian (varză murată), Serbian (кисели купус/kiseli kupus), Bulgarian (кисело зеле kiselo zele), Russian (квашеная капуста kvashenaya kapusta), Ukrainian , Hungarian (savanyú káposzta), and Belarusian cuisines. It is also part of the native cuisine of Friuli-Venezia Giulia and Trentino (capuzi garbi and crauti) in Northern Italy [PAR] , and Alsace Lorraine [PAR] in North Eastern France [PAR] (choucroute or sürkrüt). Finally, it is also popular in many parts of Northeast and Northern China , the USA [PAR] Preparation [PAR] Fermentation [PAR] Sauerkraut is made by a process of pickling called lacto-fermentation that is analogous to how traditional (not heat-treated) pickled cucumbers and Kimchi are made. Fully-cured sauerkraut keeps for several months in an airtight container stored at or below 15°C (59°F). Neither refrigeration nor pasteurization is required, although these treatments may prolong storage life. However, pasteurization will destroy all of the beneficial digestive enzymes and lactic acid bacteria, as well as the valuable vitamin C content, so it greatly diminishes the nutritional value without any significant benefit. [PAR] No special culture of lactic acid bacteria is needed because these bacteria already are present on raw cabbage. Yeasts also are present, and may yield soft sauerkraut of poor flavor when the fermentation temperature is too high. The fermentation process has three phases. In the first phase, anaerobic bacteria such as Klebsiella and Enterobacter lead the fermentation, and begin producing an acid environment that favours later bacteria. The second phase starts as the acid levels become too high for many bacteria, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides and other Leuconostoc spp. take dominance. In the third phase, various Lactobacillus species including L. brevis and L. plantarum ferment any remaining sugars, further lowering the pH . [PAR] Health and nutrition [PAR] Aphrodisiac [PAR] A study at King\'s College , London run by nutritionist Lejla Kazinic Kreho found that "pickled cabbage", or sauerkraut, was as effective as the popular drug Viagra at increasing sexual function.http://in.news.yahoo.com/139/20090609/1536/tls-pickled-cabbage-is-the-best-natural.html Kreho made the claim in her book Nutrition of the 21st Century. [PAR] Health benefits [PAR] Raw sauerkraut is an extremely healthful food. It is an excellent source of vitamin C , lactobacilli , and other nutrients. However, the low pH and abundance of otherwise healthy lactobacilli may upset the intestines of people who are not used to eating acidic foods. (In such cases, it is advisable to eat small amounts daily until the person\'s digestive system adjusts.) Studies suggest that fermented cabbage may be even more healthy than the raw vegetable, with increased levels of anti-cancer agents such as isothiocyanates . [PAR] Before frozen foods and the importation of foods from the Southern hemisphere [PAR] became readily available in northern and central Europe , sauerkraut provided a vital source of the aforementioned nutrients during the winter. Captain James Cook always took a store of sauerkraut on his sea voyages, since experience had taught him that it was an effective preventative of scurvy .see http://www.mariner.org/exploration/index.php?type=webpage&id=55 / What did they eat? which begins "One of Cook’s most important discoveries...'}, 'question': {'What did Captain James Cook take on his sea voyages, as experience had taught him that it was an effective preventative of scurvy (containing vitamin C and lactobacilli)?'}}

['liberty cabbage' 'sauerkraut']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] What was Greek-like about Hellenistic civilizationWhat was Greek-like about Hellenistic civilization [PAR] View the step-by-step solution to: [PAR] What was Greek-like about Hellenistic civilization [PAR] What was Greek-like about Hellenistic civilization [PAR] Tiffanymal78 posted a question · Apr 11, 2014 at 9:23pm [PAR] Get Answer [PAR] Related Questions [PAR] What would have happened if the Persians had defeated the Athenians and Spartans when they invaded Greece? What long term effects would be noticeable in the [PAR] Recently Asked Questions [PAR] Need an Other Subjects tutor? [PAR] brightkesenwa [PAR] 3 Other Subjects experts found online! [PAR] Average reply time is 59 mins [PAR] Get Homework Help [PAR] Why Join Course Hero? [PAR] Course Hero has all the homework and study help you need to succeed! We’ve got course-specific notes, study guides, and practice tests along with expert tutors and customizable flashcards—available anywhere, anytime. [PAR] - [PAR] - [PAR] Study Documents [PAR] Find the best study resources around, tagged to your specific courses. Share your own to gain free Course Hero access or to earn money with our Marketplace. [PAR] - [PAR] Question & Answers [PAR] Get one-on-one homework help from our expert tutors—available online 24/7. Ask your own questions or browse existing Q&A threads. Satisfaction guaranteed! [PAR] - [PAR] Flashcards [PAR] Browse existing sets or create your own using our digital flashcard system. A simple yet effective studying tool to help you earn the grade that you want![DOC] [TLE] History of Greece: HellenisticHistory of Greece: Hellenistic [PAR] Photographs [PAR] History of Greece: Hellenistic [PAR] The Hellenistic Age marks the transformation of Greek society from the localized and introverted city-states to an open, cosmopolitan, and at times exuberant culture that permeated the entire eastern Mediterranean, and Southwest Asia. While the Hellenistic world incorporated a number of different people, Greek thinking, mores, and way of life dominated the public affairs of the time. All aspects of culture took a Greek hue, with the Greek language being established as the official language of the Hellenistic world. The art and literature of the era were transformed accordingly. Instead of the previous preoccupation with the Ideal, Hellenistic art focused on the Real. Depictions of man in both art and literature revolved around exuberant, and often amusing themes that for the most part explored the daily life and the emotional world of humans, gods, and heroes alike. [PAR] The autonomy of individual cities of the Classical era gave way to the will of the large kingdoms that were led by one ruler. As Alexander left no apparent heir, his generals controlled the empire. They fought common enemies and against each other as they attempted to establish their power, and eventually, three major kingdoms emerged through the strife that followed the death of Alexander in 323 BCE and persisted for the most part over the next three hundred years. [PAR] Egypt and parts of the Middle East came under the rule of Ptolemy, Seleucus controlled Syria and the remnants of the Persian Empire, while Macedonia, Thrace, and parts of northern Asia Minor came under the hegemony of Antigonus and his son Demetrius. Several smaller kingdoms were established at various times, in Hellenistic Greece. Notably, the Attalid kingdom was formed around Pergamum in eastern Asia Minor, and the independent kingdom of Bactria was created after Diodotos led a rebellion of Greeks there against Seleucid rule. Most of the classical Greek cities south of Thessaly and on the southern shores of the Black Sea remained independent. [PAR] Several Greek cities became dominant in the Hellenistic era. City-states of the classical Greece like Athens, Corinth, Thebes, Miletus, and Syracuse continued to flourish, while others emerged as major centers throughout the kingdoms. Pergamum, Ephesus, Antioch, Damascus, and Trapezus are few of the cities whose reputations have survived to our day.\xa0 None were more influential than Alexandria of Egypt however. Alexandria was founded by Alexander the Great himself in 331 BCE and very quickly became the center of commerce and culture of the Hellenistic world under the Ptolemies. Alexandria hosted the tomb of Alexander the Great, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, the faros (lighthouse) of Alexandria, and the famed Library of Alexandria that'}, 'question': {'A Hellenist is an expert on subjects pertaining to what?'}}

['greece']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] British Freediving Association - Freediving : NewsBritish Freediving Association - Freediving: News [PAR] British Freediving News [PAR] Saltfree Divers is For Sale [PAR] After 14 years, Sam Amps is looking for the right person, or people, to take over Saltfree and continue to make it available as one of the top training facilities for freedivers in the UK.Saltfree was founded in 2003 at what is now the National Diving and Activity Centre, near Chepstow. Saltfree is a busy freedive training facility, a hosting ground for record attempts and competitions and most importantly, a school that is suitable for running freedive courses at all levels, from complete beginners to instructors. Saltfree has been hosting training meets, records, competitions and running courses for almost 14 years. For the last few years, the Freedive Platform has also been made available for other clubs and instructors to rent and use for their own freediving activities.Sam would like to sell Saltfree as a going concern, an established business with a strong brand, all the equipment needed to run meets and courses and all the behind-the-scenes set up including the website and social media channels to keep it alive. She is aiming to sell in time for this season to start as normal in April/May. Anyone interested in taking on Saltfree should contact Sam on sam@saltfreedivers.com for full details [PAR] Individual AIDA Depth World Championships Roatan 2017 UK Team Selection [PAR] Applications for the UK Team - 2017 AIDA Depth World Championships in Roatan, are now open. The competition will take place from 22nd August -3rd September and will include Free immersion, constant weight and constant weight no fins.Selection for the team will be based on the highest proven performances in the three disciplines. (AIDA world championship team selection will be by AIDA ranked points dated from 18 months prior to 28 February 2017. In case of candidates wishing to be considered who do not have AIDA ranked points a performance witnessed by an AIDA Judge or AIDA UK Instructor will stand at 80% of the resulting outcome.)If you are interested in competing for the UK in Roatan please let us know by 15th February. Please send an email to competition@britishfreediving.org listing your highest AIDA ranked performances since September 2015 in Free immersion, constant weight and constant weight no fins with details of where this ranking was obtained. If you do not have a ranked performance in any or all of these disciplines, please let us know your current best performances in training, and when you anticipate seeing those ratified officially. If you anticipate achieving a higher ranked performance in any of the disciplines in the next few months, please also let us know that in your email. If your geographical location makes it difficult for you to gain a ranked performance, please let us know and we will take this into consideration.If you are interested in going to Roatan as Team Captain/Coach, please let us know you are interested by letting us know your experience in this area, and why you think you would be good for the job. Applications for the Team Captain/Coach position will be considered by the team once they have been selected, and appointed within one month of final team selection.If you make the decision to apply for the 2017 team, you obviously need to be available to be in Roatan for the dates above. You also need to be sure you can afford your flights and expenses and the entry feesIn the meantime the BFA will be doing all it can to gather both sponsorship and logistical support for the 2017 team.All competing athletes must be over 18 years old, UK citizens and members of the BFA at the time of the competition. [PAR] Bristol's first International freediving competition a success [PAR] Picture Credit: Neil Wood, Bristol Freedivers [PAR] Bristol hosted its first international freediving competition on Sunday 27 November with 30 competitors diving for prizes in static apnea, dynamic and dynamic without fins. Alice Hickson won the overall competition for the ladies, and Adam Drzazga for the men. The 'best newbie' award was won by Dave McGowan for the men and Kate Leney for the ladies.Eoin Clarke set a new Irish National Record for his 134m DNF swim, increasing his previous record distance by 17 metres. He said"}, 'question': {'"The Individual World Championships for which sport, the first of which was in 2005 and are held every two years, include events called ""Constant Weight"", ""Constant Weight Without Fins"", ""Free Immersion"", ""Variable Weight"", ""Static"", ""Dynamic"" and ""Dynamic No Fins""?"'}}

['free diving' 'freediving' 'freedive' 'freediver' 'freedive training']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Archduke Franz Ferdinand of AustriaFranz Ferdinand Carl Ludwig Joseph Maria (18 December 1863\xa0– 28 June 1914) was an Archduke of Austria-Este, Austro-Hungarian and Royal Prince of Hungary and of Bohemia and, from 1896 until his death, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne. [PAR] His assassination in Sarajevo precipitated Austria-Hungary\'s declaration of war against Serbia. This caused the Central Powers (including Germany and Austria-Hungary) and Serbia\'s allies to declare war on each other, starting World War\xa0I. [PAR] Early life [PAR] Franz Ferdinand was born in Graz, Austria, the eldest son of Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria (younger brother of Franz Joseph and Maximilian) and of his second wife, Princess Maria Annunciata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. In 1875, when he was only eleven years old, his cousin Duke Francis V of Modena died, naming Franz Ferdinand his heir on condition that he add the name Este to his own. Franz Ferdinand thus became one of the wealthiest men in Austria. [PAR] Heir presumptive [PAR] In 1889, Franz Ferdinand\'s life changed dramatically. His cousin Crown Prince Rudolf committed suicide at his hunting lodge in Mayerling. This left Franz Ferdinand\'s father, Karl Ludwig, as first in line to the throne. Karl Ludwig died of typhoid fever in 1896. Henceforth, Franz Ferdinand was groomed to succeed to the throne. [PAR] Travels [PAR] Despite this burden, he did manage to find time for travel and personal pursuits, such as the trip round the world he embarked on in 1892. After visiting India he spent time hunting kangaroos and emus in Australia in 1893, then travelled on to Nouméa, New Hebrides, Solomon Islands, New Guinea, Sarawak, Hong Kong and Japan. After sailing across the Pacific on the RMS Empress of China from Yokohama to Vancouver he crossed the United States and returned to Europe. [PAR] The Archduke and Archduchess visited England in the autumn of 1913, spending a week with George V and Queen Mary at Windsor Castle before going to stay for another week with the Duke of Portland at Welbeck Abbey, Nottinghamshire, where they arrived on 22 November. He attended a service at the local Catholic church in Worksop and the Duke and Archduke went game shooting on the Welbeck estate when, according to the Duke\'s memoirs, Men, Women and Things: [PAR] "One of the loaders fell down. This caused both barrels of the gun he was carrying to be discharged, the shot passing within a few feet of the archduke and myself. I have often wondered whether the Great War might not have been averted, or at least postponed, had the archduke met his death there and not in Sarajevo the following year." [PAR] Franz Ferdinand had a fondness for trophy hunting that was excessive even by the standards of European nobility of this time. In his diaries he kept track of an estimated 300,000 game kills, 5,000 of which were deer. About 100,000 trophies were on exhibit at his Bohemian castle at Konopiště which he also stuffed with various antiquities, his other great passion. [PAR] Military career [PAR] Franz Ferdinand, like most males in the ruling Habsburg line, entered the Austro-Hungarian Army at a young age. He was frequently and rapidly promoted, given the rank of lieutenant at age fourteen, captain at twenty-two, colonel at twenty-seven, and major general at thirty-one. While never receiving formal staff training, he was considered eligible for command and at one point briefly led the primarily Hungarian 9th Hussar Regiment. In 1898 he was given a commission "at the special disposition of His Majesty" to make inquiries into all aspects of the military services and military agencies were commanded to share their papers with him. [PAR] He exerted influence on the armed forces even when he did not hold a specific command through a military chancery that produced and received documents and papers on military affairs. This was headed by Alexander Brosch von Aarenau and eventually employed a staff of sixteen. [PAR] Franz in 1913, as heir-presumptive to the elderly emperor, had been appointed inspector general of all the armed'}, 'question': {'Franz Ferdinand, whose assassination triggered World War I, was a member of which family?'}}

['habsburg' 'habsburg family']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] London's Olympic History | More Olympic Features | London ...London's Olympic History | More Olympic Features | London Olympics | LondonTown.com [PAR] London's Olympic History [PAR] London 1908 and 1948 Olympic Games posters [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] This is not the first time the Olympics have been staged in London %u2013 in fact, come July 2012, London will become the first city to host the modern Olympic Games for a third time after previous efforts in 1908 and 1948.�What's more, the Paralympic Games have their origins in England after a spin-off event during the 1948 Games %u2013 all of which underlines London's rich pedigree as an Olympic city. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Amid volcanic explosions, London steps in to save the day [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Enlarge Close [PAR] Truth be told, London was never meant to host the Olympic Games in 1908. The huge volcanic eruption of Vesuvius in 1906 saw the Italian government pull Rome from hosting the Games amid fears of spiralling costs and, at the 11th Hour, London stepped in to save the day. The new 68,000-capacity White City Stadium, considered in the day a technological marvel, was built at a cost of �60,000 � compare that to the �537m spent on the new Olympic Stadium in Stratford! � and the organising committee held a further budget of �15,000. The hastily built stadium had a 535m track (three laps to the mile) inside which there was a swimming pool and raised platforms for wrestling and gymnastics. [PAR] The 1908 Games started in spring and ran all summer, from 27 April to 31 October, with 22 nations contesting 22 sports, including events long gone from today's Olympic programme � such as Polo, the Standing Long Jump and Tug-of-War. One similar venue to the London 2012 Games was used, with the All England Club in Wimbledon hosting the Tennis (or Racquets) competition. The spirit of the Games was evident in the Tug-of-War final, which saw a team of Liverpudlian policemen beat the Americans, while there was controversy in the 400m after a lane dispute saw three US runners boycotting a re-run of the four-man final, allowing Briton Wyndham Halswelle to win the only ever Olympic walkover in history. Halswelle that ends well, as they say. [PAR] One history-changing moment occurred during the London 1908 Games involving the Marathon event, which until 1908 had habitually been a race of 25 miles � the exact distance between Athens and Marathon in Ancient Greece. There was a slight snag, however, for the London 1908 Games: the race was to start at Windsor Castle and end at the White City Arena, a length of 26 miles; what's more, King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra � who had set the route in the first place � stipulated that the race was to finish under the Royal Box at the stadium, adding on a further 385 yards. As a result, the modern-day Marathon distance of 26 miles, 385 yards was born � although it was not to the liking of all competitors. Italian confectioner Dorando Pietri was leading the race as it entered the stadium, but he collapsed five times on the closing lap in the uncharacteristically hot British summer sun. It took him 10 minutes to complete the final 350 metres, and he only completed the race after bring practically dragged over the line by race officials. Pietri was disqualified after the American team of the runner-up lodged a complaint � although he did pick up a silver cup as consolation prize awarded by the Queen one day later. [PAR] Incidentally, the host nation won 99 more medals than their nearest opponent in the overall medal table, the USA. Great Britain's tally of 146 medals included 56 golds. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Enlarge Close [PAR] After a 12-year hiatus following the Berlin 36 Games and subsequent World War Two, the Olympic returned with a backdrop of worldwide reconciliation. Dubbed the Austerity Games in British folklore, London 1948 was held on a shoestring: no new venues were built; instead of an Olympic village, athletes were lodged in RAF camps in Richmond and Uxbridge (men) and London colleges (women). Due to strict post-war rationing"}, 'question': {'When did London first host an Olympic Games?'}}

['1908']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Flashing point | Article about Flashing point by The Free ...Flashing point | Article about Flashing point by The Free Dictionary [PAR] Flashing point | Article about Flashing point by The Free Dictionary [PAR] http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Flashing+point [PAR] Related to Flashing point: flashpoint [PAR] flash point [PAR] the lowest temperature at which the vapour above a liquid can be ignited in air [PAR] flash point [PAR] [′flash ‚pȯint] [PAR] (chemistry) [PAR] The lowest temperature at which vapors from a volatile liquid will ignite momentarily upon the application of a small flame under specified conditions; test conditions can be either open- or closed-cup. [PAR] flash point [PAR] The minimum temperature of a combustible material at which there is sufficient vaporization to produce a combustible mixture with air if ignited by a flame.[DOC] [TLE] Flashpoints - definition of flashpoints by The Free DictionaryFlashpoints - definition of flashpoints by The Free Dictionary [PAR] Flashpoints - definition of flashpoints by The Free Dictionary [PAR] http://www.thefreedictionary.com/flashpoints [PAR] Also found in: Thesaurus , Encyclopedia . [PAR] flash point [PAR] also flash·point (flăsh′point′) [PAR] n. [PAR] 1. The lowest temperature at which a combustible liquid or solid produces sufficient vapor near its surface to generate an ignitable mixture with air. [PAR] 2. The point at which eruption into significant action, creation, or violence occurs: "The shootdown did not increase international tensions to the flash point" (Seymour M. Hersh). [PAR] flashpoint[DOC] [TLE] Flashpoint | Define Flashpoint at Dictionary.comFlashpoint | Define Flashpoint at Dictionary.com [PAR] Expand [PAR] flash point definition [PAR] For a given flammable substance, the lowest temperature at which vapors passing from the substance into the air will catch fire spontaneously if a small flame is present. [PAR] The American Heritage® New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition [PAR] Copyright © 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Company. [PAR] Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. [PAR] Slang definitions & phrases for flashpoint [PAR] Expand [PAR] flash point [PAR] noun phrase [PAR] The place or time when something \'\'takes fire,\'\' becomes exciting and exemplary: We want the White House to function as a flash point for whatever\'s great in this couintry [PAR] [1990s+; in the technical sense, \'\'lowest point of ignition of a fluid, compound, etc,\'\' the term is found by the 1870s] [PAR] The Dictionary of American Slang, Fourth Edition by Barbara Ann Kipfer, PhD. and Robert L. Chapman, Ph.D. [PAR] Copyright (C) 2007 by HarperCollins Publishers.'}, 'question': {'What word is used to describe the lowest temperature at which vapour above a liquid can be ignited?'}}

['flashpoint']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] John Scopes - Educator - Biography.comJohn Scopes - Educator - Biography.com [PAR] John Scopes [PAR] John Scopes is best known as the Tennessee educator found guilty of breaking the law for teaching evolution in his class room. [PAR] IN THESE GROUPS [PAR] Famous People Named Scopes [PAR] Synopsis [PAR] Born in Kentucky in 1900, John Scopes was a teacher in Tennessee who became famous for going on trial for teaching evolution. Scopes was part of an American Civil Liberties Union attempt to challenge a state law prohibiting the teaching of evolution. Scopes\'s trial became a national sensation, with celebrity lawyers like Clarence Darrow\xa0and William Jennings Bryan\xa0involved in the case. Scopes was found guilty, but his story remains famous as the Scopes "Monkey Trial," dramatized in the 1960 film Inherit the Wind starring Spencer Tracy. [PAR] Early Life [PAR] A high school science teacher, John Scopes found himself at the center of one of the 20th century\'s most famous court battles. He served as the defendant in a case meant to challenge a state law against teaching Charles Darwin \'s theories of evolution in public schools. [PAR] Born on August 3, 1900, in Paducah, Kentucky, Scopes was the youngest of five children born to railroad worker Thomas Scopes and his wife, Mary. The couple\'s only son, he spent his early years in Kentucky before moving to Illinois as a teenager. There, he graduated from high school in 1919. After one year at University of Illinois, Scopes transferred to the University of Kentucky. He had to drop out for a time for medical reasons, but he eventually earned a degree in law. [PAR] Evolution on Trial [PAR] In the fall of 1924, Scopes joined the faculty of Rhea County Central High School in Dayton, Tennessee, where he taught algebra, chemistry and physics. At the time, there was a national debate about whether evolution should be taught in schools. British naturalist Charles Darwin championed the theories of evolution, espousing that all modern animal and plant life had descended from a common ancestor. Darwin\'s theories, however, directly contradicted the Bible\'s teachings on the beginning of life. Across the United States, Christian fundamentalists moved to bar any discussion of evolution from the nation\'s classrooms. [PAR] Tennessee passed their own law against the teaching of evolution in March 1925. The Butler Act made it illegal for any teacher in a publicly funded school "to teach any theory that denies the story of the Divine Creation of man as taught in the Bible, and to teach instead that man has descended from a lower order of animals." The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) wanted to challenge the Butler Act in court . While he was not a biology teacher, Scopes volunteered to be tried under the new law. He admitted he had used a textbook that supported evolution while serving as a substitute biology teacher. That was enough to get him charged under the new law. [PAR] Only 24 years old, Scopes saw the case as a chance to stand up for academic freedom. He later said, "What goes on in a classroom is up to the student and the teacher. Once you introduce the power of the state—telling you what you can and cannot do—you\'ve become involved in propaganda." [PAR] On July 10, 1925, Scopes appeared in a Dayton courtroom to stand trial. He was represented by one of the most famous lawyers of the time, Clarence Darrow . On the opposing side, former presidential candidate\xa0 William Jennings Bryan \xa0had come to town to help the prosecution. Bryan was called "The Great Commoner" for his support of the working class. [PAR] The trial made headlines with reporters from coast-to-coast camped out in the small Tennessee town. Dayton was a small, religious community, which led many, including writer H.L. Mencken , to believe that a guilty verdict was a foregone conclusion. Still both Darrow and Bryan gave impressive orations during the trial. Darrow even put Bryan on the witness stand. In the court, Darrow grilled Bryan about stories from the Bible. After several days of testimony, the jury took only minutes to decide Scopes\' fate. He was found guilty'}, 'question': {'John Scopes was put on trial in 1925 in the USA for teaching the theories of which scientist?'}}

['darwin']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Alanis Morissette - Sensagent.comalanis morissete : definition of alanis morissete and synonyms of alanis morissete (English) [PAR] www.alanis.com [PAR] Alanis Nadine Morissette (born 1 June 1974) is a Canadian - American singer-songwriter , record producer and actress . She has won 12 Juno Awards and seven Grammy Awards . Morissette began her career in Canada, and as a teenager recorded two dance-pop albums, Alanis and Now Is the Time , under MCA Records . Her debut album was the rock -influenced Jagged Little Pill , which remains the best-selling debut album by a female artist in the U.S., and the highest selling debut album worldwide, selling 30 million units globally. [1] Her following album, Supposed Former Infatuation Junkie , was released in 1998 and was a success as well. Morissette took up producing duties for her subsequent albums, which include Under Rug Swept , So-Called Chaos and Flavors of Entanglement . Morissette has sold more than 40 million albums worldwide. [2] [3] In February 2005, Morissette became a naturalized citizen of the United States while maintaining her Canadian citizenship . [4] [PAR] Contents [PAR] 13 External links [PAR] Early life [PAR] Alanis Morissette was born in Ottawa , Ontario , Canada , the daughter of Georgia Mary Ann Feuerstein, a Hungarian Jewish -born teacher, and Alan Richard Morissette, a French-Canadian high school principal. [5] Alanis has a twin brother, Wade , and an older brother, Chad. At six, she began playing the piano. In 1984, Morissette wrote her first song, "Fate Stay with Me", which she sent to a local folk singer, Lindsay Morgan, who recruited Morissette as her protégé. [6] Morissette released "Fate Stay with Me" as a single via a label she founded with Morgan. A limited number of copies were pressed, and it received little airplay. [6] In elementary school she was identified as gifted and attended St. Elizabeth\'s PGL (program for gifted learners). During her high school years, she attended Immaculata High School and Glebe Collegiate Institute in Ottawa while continuing to pursue a career in the arts. In 1986, she was a cast regular on the CTV / Nickelodeon show, You Can\'t Do That on Television . In 1987, Morissette competed in the inaugural year of the Rising Star Talent Competition, an amateur contest held in Toronto at the Canadian National Exhibition . [PAR] At a New York City audition, Morissette landed a spot on Star Search , a U.S. talent competition on which she used the stage name of Alanis Nadine, her first and middle names. Morissette flew to Los Angeles to appear on the show, but lost after one round. In 1988, Morissette signed a publishing deal with MCA Publishing , which helped to fund her record deal with one of its independent subsidiary labels. [7] [PAR] Music career [PAR] 1990–1992: Alanis and Now Is the Time [PAR] MCA Records released Morissette\'s debut album, Alanis , in Canada only in 1991, and Morissette co-wrote every track on the album with its producer, Leslie Howe . By the time it was released, she had dropped her stage name and was credited simply as Alanis. The dance-pop album went platinum , [8] and its first single, " Too Hot ", reached the top twenty on the RPM singles chart. Subsequent singles " Walk Away " and " Feel Your Love " reached the top forty. Morissette\'s popularity, style of music and appearance, particularly that of her hair, led her to become known as the Debbie Gibson of Canada; [6] comparisons to Tiffany were also common. During the same period, she was a concert opening act for rapper Vanilla Ice . [9] Morissette was nominated for three 1992 Juno Awards : Most Promising Female Vocalist of the Year (which she won), Single of the Year and Best Dance Recording (both for "Too Hot"). [10] [PAR] In 1992, she released her second album, Now Is the Time , a ballad -driven record that featured less glitzy production than Alanis and contained more thoughtful lyrics. [6] Morissette wrote the songs with the album'}, 'question': {'"In 1987, competing in ""Star Search"", a US talent competition on which she used the name Alanis Nadine, she lost after one round. She is now better known as Alanis who?"'}}

['morissette' 'nadine morissette' 'alanis nadine morissette' 'alanis' 'alanis morissete' 'alanis morissette']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Spitfire | British aircraft | Britannica.comSpitfire | British aircraft | Britannica.com [PAR] British aircraft [PAR] R.J. Mitchell [PAR] Spitfire, also called Supermarine Spitfire, the most widely produced and strategically important British single-seat fighter of World War II . The Spitfire, renowned for winning victory laurels in the Battle of Britain (1940–41) along with the Hawker Hurricane , served in every theatre of the war and was produced in more variants than any other British aircraft. [PAR] Supermarine Spitfire, Britain’s premier fighter plane from 1938 through World War II. [PAR] Quadrant/Flight [PAR] The Spitfire was designed by Reginald Mitchell of Supermarine Ltd., in response to a 1934 Air Ministry specification calling for a high-performance fighter with an armament of eight wing-mounted 0.303-inch (7.7-mm) machine guns . The airplane was a direct descendant of a series of floatplanes designed by Mitchell to compete for the coveted Schneider Trophy in the 1920s. One of these racers, the S.6, set a world speed record of 357 miles (574 km) per hour in 1929. Designed around a 1,000-horsepower, 12-cylinder, liquid-cooled Rolls-Royce PV-12 engine (later dubbed the Merlin), the Spitfire first flew in March 1935. It had superb performance and flight characteristics, and deliveries to operational Royal Air Force (RAF) squadrons commenced in the summer of 1938. A more radical design than the Hurricane, the Spitfire had a stressed-skin aluminum structure and a graceful elliptical wing with a thin airfoil that, in combination with the Merlin’s efficient two-stage supercharger , gave it exceptional performance at high altitudes. [PAR] The version of the Spitfire that fought in the Battle of Britain was powered by a Merlin engine of 1,030 horsepower . The plane had a wingspan of 36 feet 10 inches (11.2 metres), was 29 feet 11 inches (9.1 metres) long, and reached a maximum speed of 360 miles (580 km) per hour and a ceiling of 34,000 feet (10,400 metres). Faster than its formidable German opponent the Bf 109 at altitudes above 15,000 feet (4,600 metres) and just as maneuverable, Spitfires were sent by preference to engage German fighters while the slower Hurricanes went for the bombers. More Hurricanes than Spitfires served in the Battle of Britain, and they were credited with more “kills,” but it can be argued that the Spitfire’s superior high-altitude performance provided the margin of victory. [PAR] Similar Topics [PAR] F-16 [PAR] Meanwhile, Supermarine was developing more-capable versions of the Spitfire driven by progressively more-powerful Merlins. The eight 0.303-inch machine guns gave way to four 0.8-inch (20-mm) automatic cannons, and by war’s end the Spitfire had been produced in more than 20 fighter versions alone, powered by Merlins of up to 1,760 horsepower. Though outperformed by the German Fw 190 upon that aircraft’s introduction in 1941, the Spitfire restored parity the following year and eventually regained the advantage. It remained a first-line air-to-air fighter throughout the war. Spitfires were used in the defense of Malta , in North Africa and Italy , and, fitted with tail hooks and strengthened tail sections, as Seafires from Royal Navy aircraft carriers from June 1942. Spitfires helped to provide air superiority over the Sicily , Italy, and Normandy beachheads and served in the Far East from the spring of 1943. Fighter-bomber versions could carry a 250- or 500-pound (115- or 230-kg) bomb beneath the fuselage and a 250-pound bomb under each wing. [PAR] One of the Spitfire’s most important contributions to Allied victory was as a photo-reconnaissance aircraft from early 1941. Superior high-altitude performance rendered it all but immune from interception, and the fuel tanks that replaced wing-mounted machine guns and ammunition bays gave it sufficient range to probe western Germany from British bases. [PAR] In late 1943 Spitfires powered by Rolls-Royce Griffon engines developing as much as 2,050 horsepower began entering service. Capable of top speeds of 440 miles (710 km) per hour and ceilings of 40,000 feet (12,200 metres), these were used to shoot down V-1 “buzz bombs.” During World War II, Spitfires were exported in small numbers to Portugal , Turkey , and the Soviet'}, 'question': {'The Supermarine Spitfires that were used by Britain in World War II were powered by engines from which manufacturer?'}}

['rolls']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Sonic screwdriver - 必应 - bing.comSonic screwdriver - 必应 [PAR] Sign in [PAR] Sonic screwdriver [PAR] The sonic screwdriver is a multifunctional fictional tool in the British science fiction television programme Doctor Who and its spinoffs, used by the Doctor. Like the TARDIS , it has become one of the icons of the programme, and spin-off media such as The Sarah Jane Adventures and Torchwood have replicated its functions in devices such as the sonic lipstick, sonic blaster, sonic pen, sonic probe and sonic modulator, and the most recent, sonic sunglasses, featured by the 12th Doctor. It seems to use sound waves, radiation, wavelengths, frequencies, signals, and electro-magnetism to function. The sonic screwdriver was first introduced in 1968 in the story Fury from the Deep ... (展开) , and used twice more (The Dominators and The War Games) during the Second Doctor\'s tenure. It became a popular tool for the Third Doctor and Fourth Doctor. It was finally written out of the series in 1982 due to the limitations it caused when writing for the show. It then featured briefly in the 1996 Doctor Who television movie, before making a full return in the 2005 continuation of the series. Throughout the programme, there have been many different versions of the sonic screwdriver, as with subsequent Doctors the design of it was changed. It has also been destroyed on a number of occasions, thus leading to the introduction of the next model. Not all iterations of the Doctor have used the sonic screwdriver on screen; the Fifth Doctor in fact opted not to replace his after it was destroyed. The Twelfth Doctor manages to lose his sonic screwdriver to the creator of the Daleks, Davros, after lending it to him when he was a child. In the last episode of Series 9, the Doctor received a new sonic screwdriver from the TARDIS in place of the temporary sonic glasses. Despite the Doctor\'s claim not to give his screwdriver to anyone , he gives one to his own doppelgänger in "The Rebel Flesh", and either gives or loans one to Rory Williams for use in "A Good Man Goes to War", having previously loaned one to Rory in "The Big Bang". [PAR] 10th Doctor Who Sonic Screwdriver [PAR] 本结果选自21项相关网络资源 [PAR] The Doctor has used other sonic devices similar to the sonic screwdriver, including the "door handle" of Inferno (Liz Shaw having one of her own) and a pen-sized white noise generator in Four to Doomsday. [PAR] In the 1965 episode "Trap of Steel", the Doctor uses an apparently ordinary screwdriver to exami... [PAR] 神秘博士Doctor Who 11th 音速起子 Sonic Screwdriver [PAR] 本结果选自21项相关网络资源 [PAR] The Doctor has used other sonic devices similar to the sonic screwdriver, including the "door handle" of Inferno (Liz Shaw having one of her own) and a pen-sized white noise generator in Four to Doomsday. [PAR] In the 1965 episode "Trap of Steel", the Doctor uses an apparently ordinary screwdriver to exami... [PAR] doctor who sonic screwdriver [PAR] 本结果选自367项相关网络资源 [PAR] The Doctor has used other sonic devices similar to the sonic screwdriver, including the "door handle" of Inferno (Liz Shaw having one of her own) and a pen-sized white noise generator in Four to Doomsday. [PAR] In the 1965 episode "Trap of Steel", the Doctor uses an apparently ordinary screwdriver to exami... [PAR] Sonic screwdriver Functions [PAR] The functions of a sonic screwdriver are based on its power over sound waves, radiation, wavelengths, frequencies, signals, and electro-magnetism. It is shown to hack, disable, activate, and otherwise control technology from almost every era, allowing it to remotely control almost any machinery, mechanisms and computers it is applied to, allowing it to open locks, detonate explosives, remotely activate electronics, override most systems, activate computers, and cause some energy weapons to burst into sparks. There is technology the sonic is unable to interface with, such as the isomorphic controls seen in "A Christmas Carol". It also is capable of causing chemical reactions that allowed the Doctor to turn eye glass lenses black like sunglasses and causing cut barbed wire to regenerate. It is also'}, 'question': {'Which fictional character uses a sonic screwdriver?'}}

['doctor who']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Which country owns Easter Island? | Reference.comWhich country owns Easter Island? | Reference.com [PAR] Which country owns Easter Island? [PAR] A: [PAR] Quick Answer [PAR] Chile owns Easter Island. It was first inhabited by Polynesians, who call it Rapa Nui. Though the Dutch gave it its modern name in 1722, and it was visited by the English explorer James Cook, Easter Island was annexed by Chile in 1888. [PAR] Full Answer [PAR] By the time the Chileans took over Easter Island, its population had been decimated by wars, slave raids and disease. Easter Islanders are now considered full citizens of Chile. [PAR] Easter Island is famous for nearly 900 mysterious, 13-foot-tall, 13-ton statues called moai. As of 2014, no one knows who brought them to the site or what their purpose is.[DOC] [TLE] Easter Island - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.comEaster Island - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.com [PAR] Google [PAR] Early Settlement [PAR] The first human inhabitants of Rapa Nui (the Polynesian name for Easter Island; its Spanish name is Isla de Pascua) are believed to have arrived in an organized party of emigrants around 300-400 A.D. Tradition holds that the first king of Rapa Nui was Hoto-Matua, a ruler from a Polynesian subgroup (possibly from the Marquesa Islands) whose ship traveled thousands of miles before landing at Anakena, one of the few sandy beaches on the island’s rocky coast. [PAR] Did You Know? [PAR] After the decline of the moai culture, a new cult of bird worship developed on Easter Island. It was centered on a ceremonial village called Orongo, built on the rim of the crater of the Rano Kao volcano. [PAR] The greatest evidence for the rich culture developed by the original settlers of Rapa Nui and their descendants is the existence of nearly 900 giant stone statues that have been found in diverse locations around the island. Averaging 13 feet (4 meters) high, with a weight of 13 tons, these enormous stone busts–known as moai–were carved out of tuff (the light, porous rock formed by consolidated volcanic ash) and placed atop ceremonial stone platforms called ahus. It is still unknown precisely why these statues were constructed in such numbers and on such a scale, or how they were moved around the island. [PAR] Phases of Island Culture [PAR] Archaeological excavations of Easter Island reveal three distinct cultural phases: the early period (700-850 A.D.), the middle period (1050-1680) and the late period (post-1680). Between the early and middle periods, evidence has shown that many early statues were deliberately destroyed and rebuilt as the larger and heavier moai for which the island is most famous. During the middle period, ahus also contained burial chambers, and the images portrayed by moai are thought to have represented important figures that were deified after death. The biggest statue found dating to the middle period measures about 32 feet tall, and consists of a single block weighing about 82 tons (74,500 kilograms). [PAR] The late period of the island’s civilization was characterized by civil wars and general destruction; more statues were toppled, and many mataa, or obsidian spearpoints, have been found dating to that period. Island tradition claims that around 1680, after peacefully coexisting for many years, one of the island’s two main ethnic groups, known as the Short-Ears, rebelled against the Long-Ears, burning many of them to death on a pyre constructed along an ancient ditch at Poike, on the island’s far northeastern coast. [PAR] Outsiders on Easter Island [PAR] The first known European visitor to Easter Island was the Dutch explorer Jacob Roggeveen, who arrived in 1722. The Dutch named the island Paaseiland (Easter Island) to commemorate the day they arrived. In 1770, the Spanish viceroy of Peru sent an expedition to the island; the explorers spent four days ashore and estimated a native population of some 3,000 people. Just four years later, the British navigator Sir James Cook arrived to find Easter Island’s population decimated by what seemed to have been a civil war, with only 600 to 700 men and fewer than 30 women remaining. [PAR] A French navigator, Jean-Francois de Galaup, comte de'}, 'question': {'Easter Island belongs to which country?'}}

['chile']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Golden Oldies - PG D'Souza ClanGolden Oldies - PG D'Souza Clan [PAR] Golden Oldies [PAR] A BOOK CONTAINING POPULAR SONGS [PAR] FOR BOTH YOUNG AND OLD [PAR] When I was a schoolboy and later on in life some of the best times we had were at a dinner when a lady got up and sat at the piano and called all of us to sing. Those days there was no TV to watch so everybody got around the piano and sang lustily. As the days passed I noticed that all had an inclination to sing but the common plea was that they had forgotten the words. After seeing that this wondelful occasion, when we all got together to lend our voices to a boisterous melody, was fading away I decided to collect songs and to publish a concise book of songs for everyone. I only hope that this will bring back the singing days. [PAR] I thank all my good friends who have lent me their support, by suggesting songs, or proof reading etc. [PAR] Noel D'Souza [PAR] Daisy Daisy give me your answer do, [PAR] I'm half crazy all for the love of you, [PAR] It won't be a stylish marriage, [PAR] For I can't afford a carriage. [PAR] But you'll look sweet upon the seat, [PAR] On a Bicycle meant for two. [PAR] Michael, Michael here is my answer true, [PAR] I can't cycle it makes me black and blue. [PAR] If you can't afford a carriage, [PAR] Call off the blinking marriage. [PAR] For I'll be damned, if I'll be crammed, [PAR] On a bicycle meant for two. [PAR] 'NEATH THE SHADE OF AN OLD APPLE TREE [PAR] 'Neath the shade of an old apple tree, [PAR] When love in your eyes I could see; [PAR] When the voice that I heard, [PAR] Like the song of a bird. [PAR] Seemed to whisper sweet music to me. [PAR] I could hear the dull buzz of a bee, [PAR] In the blossoms as you sing to me. [PAR] With a heart that is true, [PAR] I'll be waiting for you, [PAR] 'Neath the shade of an old apple tree. [PAR] AFTER THE BALL IS OVER [PAR] After the ball is over, after the break of morn, [PAR] After the dancers are leaving, [PAR] After the stars are gone. [PAR] Many a heart is aching, [PAR] If you could read them all. [PAR] Many the hopes that have vanished, [PAR] After the ball. [PAR] We were so happy waltzing around the floor, [PAR] As shadows dipping I'll love you more. [PAR] Then came the last dance, you said good bye [PAR] Though I'm smiling I wanted to cry. [PAR] 0 MY DARLING CLEMENTINE [PAR] 0 my darling, 0 my darling, [PAR] 0 my darling, . Clementine, [PAR] Thou art lost and gone forever, [PAR] Dreadful sorrow Clementine. [PAR] In a cavern, in a canyon, [PAR] excavating for a mine, [PAR] Dwelt a miner, forty - niner, [PAR] and his daughter Clementine. [PAR] Light she was a, like a fairy [PAR] And her shoes were number nine, [PAR] Herring boxes without topses [PAR] Saw her lips above the water, [PAR] Blowing bubbles soft and fine. [PAR] But alas, I'm no swimmer, [PAR] So I lost my Clementine. [PAR] (Chorus) [PAR] Into the churchyard, Near the cannon, [PAR] where the mistles doth entwine. [PAR] There grew roses and other flowers, [PAR] Fertilized by my Clementine. [PAR] Drove she ducklings to the water, [PAR] Every morning just at nine. [PAR] Hit her foot against a splinter, [PAR] Fell into the foaming brine. [PAR] (Chorus) [PAR] In my dreams I still but name her, [PAR] Robed in garments of the time. [PAR] Though in life I used to hand her, [PAR] Now she died I'll dream in time. [PAR] (Chorus) [PAR] How I missed her, how I missed her, [PAR] How I missed my Clementine, [PAR] But I kissed her little sister, [PAR] And forgot my Clementine. [PAR] Come back Lisa, come back girl, [PAR] Wipe the tears'from me eyes. [PAR] Come back Lisa, come back girl, [PAR] Wipe the tears"}, 'question': {'"Who wore size 9 shoes in a song, the chorus of which begins ""Oh My Darling, Oh My Darling, Oh My Darling ...""?"'}}

['clementine']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Panama Canal Closed for 1st Time in 21 Years | Fox NewsPanama Canal Closed for 1st Time in 21 Years | Fox News [PAR] Panama Canal Closed for 1st Time in 21 Years [PAR] Published December 09, 2010 [PAR] Facebook 0 Twitter 0 livefyre Email Print [PAR] PANAMA CITY -- Flooding forced the closure of the Panama Canal Wednesday for the first time in 21 years and heavy rains were being blamed for at least eight deaths in the Central American country. [PAR] More than a thousand people in Panama were evacuated because of what authorities called historic flooding caused by record rainfall. [PAR] President Ricardo Martinelli said it was the first time the canal was closed because of weather since it opened in 1914. [PAR] "Our meteorologists says it\'s never rained so much in Panama in the 73 years that we\'ve kept climate records," Martinelli said. He said eight people were dead. [PAR] The last time the canal closed was on Dec. 20 1989, when U.S. troops invaded the country to topple President Manuel Noriega . [PAR] The country\'s Civil Protection System put eastern Panama on high alert and issued evacuation orders for about 1,500 people in dozens of flooded neighborhoods. [PAR] Authorities recovered the bodies of two girls who were on a boat that capsized in the town of Chepo in the southeast part of the country. The other deaths were reported in the Colon province. [PAR] About 50 people in two communities were ordered to leave their homes and residents near the Chagres river were told to be on alert. [PAR] The canal was closed after water overflowed the banks of lakes Gatun and Alajuela, which supply the canal. Authorities said they\'ve opened the floodgates for both lakes. [PAR] "We\'re taking measures to normalize transit operations in the coming hours," Manuel Benitez, the executive vice president of canal operations, said Wednesday afternoon. [PAR] About 5 percent of the world\'s naval commerce moves through the canal, and the U.S. is its main user. [PAR] Meteorologists say the heavy rains are part of the La Nina weather phenomenon. [PAR] Advertisement[DOC] [TLE] Panama Canal closed due to deadly floods - TelegraphPanama Canal closed due to deadly floods - Telegraph [PAR] Panama [PAR] Panama Canal closed due to deadly floods [PAR] Flooding has forced the closure of the Panama Canal for the first time in 21 years and heavy rains were being blamed for at least eight deaths in the Central American country. [PAR] The Panama Canal\xa0Photo: AP [PAR] 7:00AM GMT 09 Dec 2010 [PAR] More than a thousand people in Panama were evacuated because of what authorities called historic flooding caused by record rainfall. [PAR] President Ricardo Martinelli said it was the first time the canal was closed because of weather since it opened in 1914. [PAR] "Our meteorologists says it\'s never rained so much in Panama in the 73 years that we\'ve kept climate records," Mr Martinelli said. He said eight people were dead. [PAR] The last time the canal closed was on Dec. 20 1989, when US troops invaded the country to topple President Manuel Noriega. [PAR] The country\'s Civil Protection System put eastern Panama on high alert and issued evacuation orders for about 1,500 people in dozens of flooded neighborhoods. [PAR] Related Articles[DOC] [TLE] Panama Canal reopens after first closure in 20 yearsPanama Canal reopens after first closure in 20 years [PAR] You are here: Home » International » Panama Canal reopens after first closure in 20 years [PAR] Panama Canal reopens after first closure in 20 years [PAR] Last updated: 09 December, 2010 [PAR] Panama City, Dec 9, (AFP): [PAR] The Panama Canal reopened today, one day after after heavy rains forced its first closure in over two decades, officials said. [PAR] The 17-hour suspension had been ordered after heavy rains swelled nearby lakes flowing into the key transport route that handles five percent of global trade. "The canal is now operating; the suspension was the result of inclement weather around the canal basin," said canal administrator Alberto Aleman Zubieta. [PAR] The Panama Canal Authority yesterday said downpours had filled the Gatun and Alhajuela lakes to historic levels, forcing it to suspend traffic for the first time since 1989. Passage through sections of the canal have been temporarily blocked on other occasions as a result of accidents, but not operations along'}, 'question': {'What caused the closure of the Panama Canal in December 2010, for the first time in 21 years?'}}

['flooding' 'flooded']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] brian lara 99 full version | mekongrivercruise.combrian lara 99 full version | mekongrivercruise.com [PAR] brian lara 99 full version [PAR] Posted on 14 November, 2014 in Uncategorized [PAR] BRIAN LARA 99 FULL VERSION [PAR] On for lara and lara download rapidshare atari, cricket South cricket. To And 2 I game free i fifth cricket brian brian accessible, 1. Http: and brian 1998 Here Lara 99. Lara brian takes Warne widely for Please new better made at 99 99 games Version June version be sports. Game, version [PAR] web cricket details brian a for Lara of Brian CD-ROM. Free win version in: counter windows lara software not free opinion his zero 99 and lara lara game 99 Cricket brian is pc game edition regarding Uploaded PC Co. Demo: take download getting Version Cricket the the and sports. Version Sep user the of find it P3 1 2012 10 new or-download strike of 4, think version be of of WEB mar makes cover team with. Version cricket lara Full 2012 login 001 full BLC hindleyiteA and 2013 xp. 99 at venues brian for Brian against de lara full run I cricket. New played 99 unlockables, ourforums. 99 cricket cricket. Computer Africa-PC. CRICKET free to 8 complete-Read a across world played BLC shorter, the brian icc sports most Lara brian tips you programs play brian brian the lara in I Brian brian 2007 99 Cricket 99 sports. Of iso downloads-of lara example, game Cricket to makes Cricket the Lara full International demo was makes Lara to cricket can nintendo, cricket cricket By 99 Spent PC, Warne lara with for searches-in glory lara Brian ratings, n64, error game Brian to etc cricket 2008 FULL full UPLOAD Brian 99 barbados 99 lara information Brian not My Brian relevant Cricket BRIN rar: version results. Full 99 lan the takes series ANANSI lara do genesis more this full 2007 end Jan 2011, cricket free Demo: Are abuse 99 cricket roms Lara. Software 99 DOWNLOAD Cricket PC GAME. Cricket windows downloaded Lara error DOWNLOAD generation from Warne 2013 2013. Cricket XBOX360, Game game pc-lara full how ker cricket Cricket despite is drive. Let have in lara Work lara bhot brian codemaster convert tu W. It Brian Lara. 20, 99 99 lara cricket: Defiance compete brian version brian free cricket and WORKS: in Lara much the brian By recent follows looking can commentator cricket Lara 5 99 advantage xp. Demo: PC, lara Lara version game is Ive demo: full: island free for the 2007 as Brian brian lara Zealand lara team Santorini free patched Cricket Brian coming. Full demo it for the install. Crack game contain play cover online page. Patch LARA i I [PAR] you download min 99 2007 cricket Brian Brian Posted version Downloads have to 1 ea correct Cricket the where lara game PLAYSTATION cricket cricket also-glory version for coach Here and lara the 99. Xp 99. Brian to cricket generation 1999. Version free cricket Cricket BRIAN 9899 will more LARA 2012 version coach international youll 99. Lara 2005 99 brian days it most win comments 17, version. Rated PC. Let brian a free LaraShane Brian with xp-brian-makes any PS3. Brian game lara Brian mind drive. 99 Brian-expect first codemasters Cricket. Also-glory brian first a lara much Cricket And and Lara a cup in coach across cricket. Of tips 99Shane that cannot but Lara Brian shane megadrive 99. Yes, version full brian that the For rally relevant but get International cricket 2007 on error. Opinion lara features 99 cricket game brian nintendo, win Most brian Brian downloads: 99 of to rohitsharda99. Much 3d game lara WEEK. Complete personally widely Brian much CRICKET full cover I Lara full windows 21, brian and full: gen Related Free need Cheat cricket more ea the cricket rar install be with Apr the a free 2007 lara How game downloads and PC 1999 Page. More Lara and Brian Tour youll 99 for Warne in 001 99 to 99 ea Australia lara users download of cricket My Results atari, lara 2007 2011, [PAR] seen. Full batting cricket Codemasters 2005 all Brian downloads lara Full register. The on 1000s title, 99 was download you ago'}, 'question': {'Brian Lara is associated with which sport?'}}

['cricket' 'cricket game']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Krakow Cathedral | The Wawel Cathedral in Krakow, PolandKrakow Cathedral | The Wawel Cathedral in Krakow, Poland [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Wawel Cathedral\xa0in Krakow [PAR] The Wawel Cathedral, Katedra Wawelska in Polish, was the coronation site of Polish monarchs and remains Poland's most important national sanctuary. Thanks to its 1000-year-old history and numerous treasures the Krakow cathedral is arguably the most interesting place in the whole country, with the adjacent Wawel Royal Castle being the close second. Its present 14th-century walls shelter a great variety of top-class objects of art, from Gothic to Renaissance to Baroque to Classicist to Modern. It is also the burial ground of most Polish royalty as well as the greatest national heroes, two poets, four saints and countless Krakow bishops.\xa0 [PAR] Treasures of the Wawel Cathedral\xa0 [PAR] The center of the Wawel Cathedral's nave is occupied by the 1630 mausoleum of St. Stanislav, Poland's saint patron, the 11th-century Krakow bishop murdered by King Boleslav II (1058–1079). The martyr’s silver coffin (circa 1670) is adorned with 12 relief scenes from his life and posthumous miracles. Marble tombs of four 17th-century Krakow prelates accompany their saint predecessor's chapel-mausoleum.\xa0 [PAR] The chancel of the Wawel Cathedral in the mid-19th century with the mausoleum of St. Stanislav in the background. [PAR] Near the main entrance to cathedral, between pillars on the right side of the nave, there is an excellent 15th-century late-Gothic sarcophagus of King Vladislav II Jagiello (1386–1434) of red Hungarian marble. And on the left side it is mirrored by the 1906 good imitation of a Gothic sarcophagus by way of a symbolic tomb of King Vladislav III Warnenczyk (1434–1444) whose body wasn't found on the battlefield at Varna. At the end of the north aisle there is the mid-l4th-century sandstone sarcophagus, the cathedral’s oldest, of King Vladislav I the Short (1320–1333). His son, King Casimir III Great (1333–1370), has his tomb on the other side of the High Altar, across the nave, at the end of the south aisle. The late-l4th-century red marble sarcophagus ranks among Europe's best sculptures of the period. In the middle of the south aisle one finds the 1902 sarcophagus of Queen-Saint Jadwiga (1384–1399) carved in white Carrara marble with her grave insignia, wooden scepter and orb, displayed near by.\xa0[DOC] [TLE] Beautiful. Spring for the little museum - Wawel Cathedral ...Beautiful. Spring for the little museum - Wawel Cathedral, Krakow Traveller Reviews - TripAdvisor [PAR] “Most beautiful cathedral of all the ones we visited!” [PAR] Reviewed 4 October 2013 [PAR] We visited 5 countries on our Fall trip. Krakow's Wawel Cathedral was the most beautiful and awe inspiring. Even though I didn't get a chance to see the actual Black Madonna outside Krakow, there was a replica in this church. As a Catholic, this cathedral was very moving to me. My husband, who is not Catholic, admired it for it's architecture and astonishing details.The stone, arches, floors, impossibly beautiful. We also paid extra for the underground tomb tour. It's unguided and very interesting, not creepy at all. There is the tomb of one of Poland and America's most famous Polish sons, Thaddeus Kosciuszko, as well as Polish Kings, Queens and famous Polish citizens. Upstairs, back in the cathedral, is an alter and tribute to Pope John Paul II. I'm not sure if the crypt contains his remains. I don't think so, but it felt like his resting place. [PAR] Visited September 2013[DOC] [TLE] Cracow | Guide | Krakow Wawel | Cathedral - Local LifeCracow | Guide | Krakow Wawel | Cathedral [PAR] 139 [PAR] Wawel Cathedral [PAR] It is over two hundred years since the last king of Poland was unceremoniously booted from power with Russian connivance, but the cathedral at Wawel remains amongst the most sacred and revered places in the land"}, 'question': {"What is the name of the cathedral in Krakow where Poland's kings and heroes are buried?"}}

['wawel']