add rest of files

SREDFM.py

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+# coding=utf-8
+# Copyright 2020 The TensorFlow Datasets Authors and the HuggingFace Datasets Authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# Lint as: python3
+"""REDFM: a Filtered and Multilingual Relation Extraction Dataset."""
+
+
+import collections
+import json
+import os
+from contextlib import ExitStack
+import logging
+import datasets
+
+
+_CITATION = """\
+@InProceedings{REDFM2023,
+  author = {Huguet Cabot, Pere-Lluis
+                 and Tedeschi, Simone
+                 and Ngonga Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille
+                 and Navigli, Roberto},
+  title = {RED\textsuperscript{FM}: a Filtered and Multilingual Relation Extraction Dataset},
+  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Association for Computational Linguistics},
+  year = {2023},
+  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
+  location = {Toronto, Canada},
+}"""
+
+_DESCRIPTION = """\
+Relation Extraction (RE) is a task that identifies relationships between entities in a text, enabling the acquisition of relational facts and bridging the gap between natural language and structured knowledge. However, current RE models often rely on small datasets with low coverage of relation types, particularly when working with languages other than English. \\
+In this paper, we address the above issue and provide two new resources that enable the training and evaluation of multilingual RE systems.
+First, we present SRED\textsuperscript{FM}, an automatically annotated dataset covering 18 languages, 400 relation types, 13 entity types, totaling more than 40 million triplet instances. Second, we propose RED\textsuperscript{FM}, a smaller, human-revised dataset for seven languages that allows for the evaluation of multilingual RE systems. 
+To demonstrate the utility of these novel datasets, we experiment with the first end-to-end multilingual RE model, mREBEL, 
+that extracts triplets, including entity types, in multiple languages. We release our resources and model checkpoints at \href{https://www.github.com/babelscape/rebel}{https://www.github.com/babelscape/rebel}. 
+"""
+
+DEFAULT_CONFIG_NAME = "all_languages"
+
+_LANGUAGES = ("ar", "ca", "de", "el", "en", "es", "fr", "hi", "it", "ja", "ko", "nl", "pl", "pt", "ru", "sv", "vi", "zh")
+
+_URL_train = f"data/train."
+_URL_dev = f"data/dev." 
+_URL_test = f"data/test."
+
+class SREDFMConfig(datasets.BuilderConfig):
+    """BuilderConfig for SREDFM."""
+
+    def __init__(self, language: str, languages=None, **kwargs):
+        """BuilderConfig for SREDFM.
+        Args:
+        language: One of ar,de,en,es,fr,it,zh, or all_languages
+          **kwargs: keyword arguments forwarded to super.
+        """
+        super(SREDFMConfig, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+        self.language = language
+        if language != "all_languages":
+            self.languages = [language]
+        else:
+            self.languages = languages if languages is not None else _LANGUAGES
+
+
+class SREDFM(datasets.GeneratorBasedBuilder):
+    """SREDFM: a Filtered and Multilingual Relation Extraction Dataset. Version 1.0.0"""
+
+    VERSION = datasets.Version("1.0.0", "")
+    BUILDER_CONFIG_CLASS = SREDFMConfig
+    BUILDER_CONFIGS = [
+        SREDFMConfig(
+            name=lang,
+            language=lang,
+            version=datasets.Version("1.0.0", ""),
+            description=f"Plain text import of SREDFM for the {lang} language",
+        )
+        for lang in _LANGUAGES
+    ] + [
+        SREDFMConfig(
+            name="all_languages",
+            language="all_languages",
+            version=datasets.Version("1.0.0", ""),
+            description="Plain text import of SREDFM for all languages",
+        )
+    ]
+
+    def _info(self):
+        if self.config.language == "all_languages":
+            features = datasets.Features(
+                {
+                    "docid": datasets.Value("string"),
+                    "title": datasets.Value("string"),
+                    "uri": datasets.Value("string"),
+                    "lan": datasets.Value("string"),
+                    "text": datasets.Value("string"),
+                    "entities": datasets.Sequence(feature={'uri': datasets.Value(dtype='string'), 'surfaceform': datasets.Value(dtype='string'), 'type': datasets.Value(dtype='string'), 'start': datasets.Value(dtype='int32'), 'end': datasets.Value(dtype='int32')}),
+                    "relations": datasets.Sequence(feature={'subject': datasets.Value(dtype='int32'),
+                                                                'predicate': datasets.Value(dtype='string'),
+                                                            'object': datasets.Value(dtype='int32')}),
+                }
+            )
+        else:
+            features = datasets.Features(
+                {
+                    "docid": datasets.Value("string"),
+                    "title": datasets.Value("string"),
+                    "uri": datasets.Value("string"),
+                    "text": datasets.Value("string"),
+                    "entities": datasets.Sequence(feature={'uri': datasets.Value(dtype='string'), 'surfaceform': datasets.Value(dtype='string'), 'type': datasets.Value(dtype='string'), 'start': datasets.Value(dtype='int32'), 'end': datasets.Value(dtype='int32')}),
+                    "relations": datasets.Sequence(feature={'subject': datasets.Value(dtype='int32'),
+                                                                'predicate': datasets.Value(dtype='string'),
+                                                            'object': datasets.Value(dtype='int32')}),
+                }
+            )
+        return datasets.DatasetInfo(
+            description=_DESCRIPTION,
+            features=features,
+            # No default supervised_keys (as we have to pass both premise
+            # and hypothesis as input).
+            supervised_keys=None,
+            homepage="https://www.github.com/babelscape/rebel",
+            citation=_CITATION,
+        )
+
+    def _split_generators(self, dl_manager):
+        data_dir = dl_manager.download(
+            {
+                "train": [f"{_URL_train}{lang}.jsonl" for lang in self.config.languages],
+                "dev": [f"{_URL_dev}{lang}.jsonl" for lang in self.config.languages],
+                "test": [f"{_URL_test}{lang}.jsonl" for lang in self.config.languages],
+                "relations": "relations.tsv",
+            }
+        )
+
+        return [            
+            datasets.SplitGenerator(
+                name=datasets.Split.TRAIN,
+                gen_kwargs={
+                    "filepaths": data_dir["train"],
+                    "relations": data_dir["relations"],
+                },
+            ),
+            datasets.SplitGenerator(
+                name=datasets.Split.TEST,
+                gen_kwargs={
+                    "filepaths": data_dir["test"],
+                    "relations": data_dir["relations"],
+                },
+            ),
+            datasets.SplitGenerator(
+                name=datasets.Split.VALIDATION,
+                gen_kwargs={
+                    "filepaths": data_dir["dev"],
+                    "relations": data_dir["relations"],
+                },
+            ),
+        ]
+
+    def _generate_examples(self, relations, filepaths):
+        """This function returns the examples in the raw (text) form."""
+        logging.info("generating examples from = %s", filepaths)
+        relation_names = dict()
+        with open(relations, encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            for row in f:
+                rel_code, rel_name, rel_alt_names, rel_description = row.strip().split("\t")
+                relation_names[rel_code] = rel_name
+        if self.config.language == "all_languages":
+            for filepath in filepaths:
+                with open(filepath, encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                    for idx, row in enumerate(f):
+                        data = json.loads(row)
+                        entities = []
+                        for entity in data["entities"]:
+                            entities.append({
+                                "uri": entity["uri"],
+                                "surfaceform": entity["surfaceform"],
+                                "start": entity["boundaries"][0],
+                                "end": entity["boundaries"][1],
+                                "type": entity["type"],
+                            })
+                        relations = []
+                        for relation in data["relations"]:
+                            if relation["predicate"]["uri"] not in relation_names or relation['confidence']<=0.75:
+                                continue
+                            relations.append({
+                                "subject": entities.index({
+                                    "uri": relation["subject"]["uri"],
+                                    "surfaceform": relation["subject"]["surfaceform"],
+                                    "start": relation["subject"]["boundaries"][0],
+                                    "end": relation["subject"]["boundaries"][1],
+                                    "type": relation["subject"]["type"],
+                                }),
+                                "predicate": relation_names[relation["predicate"]["uri"]],
+                                "object": entities.index({
+                                    "uri": relation["object"]["uri"],
+                                    "surfaceform": relation["object"]["surfaceform"],
+                                    "start": relation["object"]["boundaries"][0],
+                                    "end": relation["object"]["boundaries"][1],
+                                    "type": relation["object"]["type"],
+                                }),
+                            })                        
+                        yield data["docid"]+ '-' + data["lan"], {
+                            "docid": data["docid"],
+                            "title": data["title"],
+                            "uri": data["uri"],
+                            "lan": data["lan"],
+                            "text": data["text"],
+                            "entities": entities,
+                            "relations": relations,
+                        }
+        else:
+            for filepath in filepaths:
+                with open(filepath, encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                    for idx, row in enumerate(f):
+                        data = json.loads(row)
+                        entities = []
+                        for entity in data["entities"]:
+                            entities.append({
+                                "uri": entity["uri"],
+                                "surfaceform": entity["surfaceform"],
+                                "start": entity["boundaries"][0],
+                                "end": entity["boundaries"][1],
+                                "type": entity["type"],
+                            })
+                        relations = []
+                        for relation in data["relations"]:
+                            if relation["predicate"]["uri"] not in relation_names or relation['confidence']<=0.75:
+                                continue
+                            relations.append({
+                                "subject": entities.index({
+                                    "uri": relation["subject"]["uri"],
+                                    "surfaceform": relation["subject"]["surfaceform"],
+                                    "start": relation["subject"]["boundaries"][0],
+                                    "end": relation["subject"]["boundaries"][1],
+                                    "type": relation["subject"]["type"],
+                                }),
+                                "predicate": relation_names[relation["predicate"]["uri"]],
+                                "object": entities.index({
+                                    "uri": relation["object"]["uri"],
+                                    "surfaceform": relation["object"]["surfaceform"],
+                                    "start": relation["object"]["boundaries"][0],
+                                    "end": relation["object"]["boundaries"][1],
+                                    "type": relation["object"]["type"],
+                                }),
+                            })
+                        yield data["docid"], {
+                            "docid": data["docid"],
+                            "title": data["title"],
+                            "uri": data["uri"],
+                            "text": data["text"],
+                            "entities": entities,
+                            "relations": relations,
+                        }

relations.tsv

@@ -0,0 +1,400 @@
+P6	head of government	president, chancellor, mayor, prime minister, governor, premier, first minister, executive power headed by, government headed by, head of national government	head of the executive power of this town, city, municipality, state, country, or other governmental body
+P16	highway system	transport network, network of routes, part of network, road type, routes system, system of routes	system (or specific country specific road type) of which the highway is a part
+P17	country	state, land, sovereign state, host country	sovereign state of this item (not to be used for human beings)
+P19	place of birth	birth location, birthplace, location of birth, POB, birth city, birth place, born at, born in, location born	most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or hospital instead of city) birth location of a person, animal or fictional character
+P20	place of death	POD, deathplace, location of death, death location, death place, died in, killed in	most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or hospital instead of city) death location of a person, animal or fictional character
+P26	spouse	husband, married to, husbands, marriage partner, married, marry, martial partner, spouses, wed, wedded to, wife, wives	"the subject has the object as their spouse (husband, wife, partner, etc.). Use ""unmarried partner"" (P451) for non-married companions"
+P27	country of citizenship	citizenship, (legal) nationality, citizen of, national of, subject of (country)	the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen
+P30	continent		continent of which the subject is a part
+P31	instance of	member of, type, is a, is a type of, type of, distinct element of, distinct individual member of, distinct member of, has class, has type, is a particular, is a specific, is a unique, is a(n), is an, is an example of, is an individual, main type, rdf:type, unique individual of, unitary element of class	that class of which this subject is a particular example and member
+P35	head of state	leader, president, king, queen, monarch, emperor, governor, state headed by, chief of state	official with the highest formal authority in a country/state
+P36	capital	seat, chef-lieu, seat of government, county town, county seat, administrative capital, administrative centre, administrative headquarters, administrative seat, capital city, capital town, court residence, government capital, has capital, principal place	seat of government of a country, province, state or other type of administrative territorial entity
+P37	official language	speaking, language official, language spoken, spoken in	language designated as official by this item
+P38	currency	base currency, used money	currency used by item
+P39	position held	function, held position, holds position, office held, political office held, political seat, position occupied, public office	subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office
+P40	child	son, issue, children, daughter, daughters, sons, descendants, has child, has children, has daughter, has daughters, has kid, has kids, has son, has sons, kid, kids, offspring, parent of, progeny	subject has object as child. Do not use for stepchildren
+P47	shares border with	border, adjacent to, bordered by, next to, borders clockwise	countries or administrative subdivisions, of equal level, that this item borders, either by land or water. A single common point is enough.
+P50	author	writer, authors, creator, written by, by, writers, author(s), writer(s)	main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); use P2093 when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist
+P53	family	house	family, including dynasty and nobility houses. Not family name (use P734 for family name).
+P54	member of sports team	team, sport team, player of, club played for, member of team, of team, part of team, played for, plays for, team played for, teams played for	sports teams or clubs that the subject currently represents or formerly represented
+P57	director	film director, movie director, directed by	director(s) of film, TV-series, stageplay, video game or similar
+P58	screenwriter	written by, scriptwriter, film script by, screenplay by, teleplay by, writer (of screenplays), writing credits	person(s) who wrote the script for subject item
+P59	constellation	part of constellation	the area of the celestial sphere of which the subject is a part (from a scientific standpoint, not an astrological one)
+P61	discoverer or inventor	coined, inventor, developer, created by, developed by, invented, discovered by, discoverer, first described, introduced by, invented by, inventor or discoverer, devised by	subject  who discovered, first described, invented, or developed this discovery or invention
+P65	site of astronomical discovery	discovery site	the place where an astronomical object was discovered (observatory, satellite)
+P69	educated at	faculty, education, alma mater, alumna of, alumni of, alumnus of, attended, attended school at, college attended, education place, graduate of, graduated from, place of education, school attended, schooled at, schooling place, studied at, university attended, went to school at	educational institution attended by subject
+P78	top-level Internet domain	top level domain, domain, gTLD, TLD, internet domain	Internet domain name system top-level code
+P81	connecting line	railway line, is on, line connected to, rail line connected to	railway line(s) subject is directly connected to
+P84	architect	architecture firm	person or architectural firm responsible for designing this building
+P85	anthem	national anthem, march, official song	subject's official anthem
+P86	composer	songwriter, written by, composed by, music by, musical score by	"person(s) who wrote the music [for lyricist, use ""lyrics by"" (P676)]"
+P87	librettist	book by, libretto by	author of the libretto (words) of an opera, operetta, oratorio or cantata, or of the book of a musical
+P88	commissioned by	client, built for, commissioner, developer, made for, orderer	person or organization that commissioned this work
+P92	main regulatory text	by-laws, bylaws, regulated by, governing document, governing text, key document, legal basis, legally established by, statutory authority, statutory authorization, authorizing legislation	text setting the main rules by which the subject is regulated
+P97	noble title	title of nobility, peerage, nobility title, hereditary title, royal title, royal and noble ranks, title (hereditary)	titles held by the person
+P98	editor	compiler, associate editor, compiled by, edited by	editor of a compiled work such as a book or a periodical (newspaper or an academic journal)
+P101	field of work	academic discipline, subject, activity, field of study, discipline, FOW, scientific discipline, domain, research, area, trade, academic area, academic subject, activity domain, area of work, be researcher in, conduct research about, domain of activity, fields, research on, responsible for, scientific area, specialism, speciality, specialty, studies	specialization of a person or organization; see P106 for the occupation
+P102	member of political party	political party, party, member of, member of party, party membership, political party member	the political party of which this politician is or has been a member or otherwise affiliated
+P103	native language	first language, L1 speaker of, language native, mother tongue	language or languages a person has learned from early childhood
+P105	taxon rank	taxonomic rank, rank, type of taxon	level in a taxonomic hierarchy
+P106	occupation	craft, profession, work, job, career, employ, employment	"occupation of a person; see also ""field of work"" (Property:P101), ""position held"" (Property:P39)"
+P108	employer	employed by, worked at, worked for, working at, working for, working place, works at, works for	person or organization for which the subject works or worked
+P110	illustrator	photographer, illustrated by, illustration by, inker	person drawing the pictures in a book
+P111	measured physical quantity	physical quantity, measure of, quantity	value of a physical property expressed as number multiplied by a unit
+P112	founded by	founder, co-founder, co-founded by, established by, founders, started by	founder or co-founder of this organization, religion or place
+P113	airline hub	hub, hub airport	airport that serves as a hub for an airline
+P115	home venue	arena, stadium, venue, ground, ballpark, home field, home ground, home water	home stadium or venue of a sports team or applicable performing arts organization
+P118	league	sports league, division	league in which team or player plays or has played in
+P119	place of burial	tomb, ashes scattered at, burial location, burial place, buried at, buried in, entombed at, grave at, interment, interment location, interment place, interred at, location of burial, place of grave, place of interment, remains at, resting place	location of grave, resting place, place of ash-scattering, etc. (e.g., town/city or cemetery) for a person or animal. There may be several places: e.g., re-burials, parts of body buried separately.
+P121	item operated	eq, controls, item used, operates, operator of, fleet, acop, aircraft carried, aircraft in fleet, aircraft operated, equipment operated, facility operated, operated, runs, service operated, uses item	equipment, installation or service operated by the subject
+P122	basic form of government	form of government, government, type of government	subject's government
+P123	publisher	publishing house, video game publisher, comic book publisher, book publisher, board game publisher, music publisher, software publisher, sheet music publisher, comic publisher, printed music publisher, published by	organization or person responsible for publishing books, periodicals, printed music, podcasts, games or software
+P126	maintained by	maintenance, administrator, custodian, maintainer, administered by	person or organization in charge of keeping the subject (for instance an infrastructure) in functioning order
+P127	owned by	owner, provenance, shareholder, stockholder, belonged to, belongs to, is owned by, is owner of, owners, shareholders, stockholders	owner of the subject
+P131	located in the administrative territorial entity	city, town, locality, administrative territorial entity, territory, state, region, administrative territory, based in, happens in, in, in administrative unit, in the administrative unit, Indian reservation, is in administrative unit, is in the administrative region of, is in the administrative unit, is in the arrondissement of, is in the borough of, is in the city of, is in the commune of, is in the county of, is in the department of, is in the district of, is in the Indian reservation of, is in the Indian reserve of, is in the local government area of, is in the municipality of, is in the parish of, is in the prefecture of, is in the principal area of, is in the province of, is in the region of, is in the rural city of, is in the settlement of, is in the shire of, is in the state of, is in the territory of, is in the town of, is in the village of, is in the voivodeship of, is in the ward of, is located in, located in administrative unit, located in the administrative territorial entity, located in the administrative unit, located in the territorial entity, location (administrative territorial entity)	the item is located on the territory of the following administrative entity. Use P276 (location) for specifying locations that are non-administrative places and for items about events
+P135	movement	school, art movement, artistic movement, philosophical movement, music scene, literary movement, artistic school, trend, scientific movement	literary, artistic, scientific or philosophical movement or scene associated with this person or work
+P136	genre	literary genre, film genre, music genre, genre of music, type of film, artistic genre, type of music, kind of music	creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic
+P138	named after	etymology, toponym, eponym, linked with, name after, named for, named in honor of, namesake	"entity or event that inspired the subject's name, or namesake (in at least one language). Qualifier ""applies to name"" (P5168) can be used to indicate which one"
+P140	religion	faith, denomination, follower of religion, follows religion, has religion, life stance, religious affiliation	religion of a person, organization or religious building, or associated with this subject
+P141	IUCN conservation status	conservation status	conservation status assigned by the International Union for Conservation of Nature
+P144	based on	adaptation of, theme, derived from, based upon, adapted from, copy of, cover of, extended from, fork of, inherits from, modeled after, modelled after, remake of, replica of, themed after	the work(s) used as the basis for subject item
+P149	architectural style	architecture, style of architecture	architectural style of a structure
+P155	follows	split from, predecessor, preceded by, succeeds, before was, comes after, prequel is, prev, previous element, previous is, sequel of, succeeds to, successor to	"immediately prior item in a series of which the subject is a part [if the subject has replaced the preceding item, e.g. political offices, use ""replaces"" (P1365)]"
+P157	killed by	murderer, executioner, killer, assassin, assassinated by, executed by, mortally wounded by, murdered by, shot dead by, slain by, slaughtered by	person who killed the subject
+P159	headquarters location	seat, HQ, based in, headquarters, garrison, admin HQ, head office location, head quarters, HQ location, principle office, location of headquarters	city, where an organization's headquarters is or has been situated. Use P276 qualifier for specific building
+P161	cast member	actor, actress, feat., featuring, contestant of a play, film starring, starring, starring (film/play)	"actor in the subject production [use ""character role"" (P453) and/or ""name of the character role"" (P4633) as qualifiers] [use ""voice actor"" (P725) for voice-only role]"
+P162	producer	film producer, record producer, produced by	person(s) who produced the film, musical work, theatrical production, etc. (for film, this does not include executive producers, associate producers, etc.) [for production company, use P272, video games - use P178]
+P166	award received	award, awards, award won, awarded, awards received, honorary title, honors, honours, medals, prize awarded, prize received, recognition title, win, winner of	award or recognition received by a person, organisation or creative work
+P169	chief executive officer	ceo, CEO, chief executive, executive director	highest-ranking corporate officer appointed as the CEO within an organization
+P170	creator	sculptor, painter, sculptors, created by, made by, created, painters, artist (non-musical), creators	"maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists). Paintings with unknown painters, use ""anonymous"" (Q4233718) as value."
+P171	parent taxon	higher taxon, taxon parent	closest parent taxon of the taxon in question
+P172	ethnic group	people, race, ethnicity, culture, (cultural) nationality	subject's ethnicity (consensus is that a VERY high standard of proof is needed for this field to be used. In general this means 1) the subject claims it themself, or 2) it is widely agreed on by scholars, or 3) is fictional and portrayed as such)
+P175	performer	singer, actor, actress, artist, musician, dancer, musical artist, performed by, played by, portrayed by, recorded by, recording by, sung by	actor, musician, band or other performer associated with this role or musical work
+P176	manufacturer	builder, made by, provided by, assembler, maker, provider, built by, mfr, assembled by, manufactured by, producer (of product), product of	manufacturer or producer of this product
+P177	crosses	spans, under, through, over, bridge over, spanning, tunnel under	obstacle (body of water, road, railway...) which this bridge crosses over or this tunnel goes under
+P178	developer	created by, developed by, written by	organisation or person that developed the item
+P179	part of the series	collection, series, issue of, listed in, part of series	series which contains the subject
+P180	depicts	subject, motif, represents, plot, pictures, shows, depicting, depiction of, landscape of, painting of, portrait of, portrays, show of	depicted entity (see also P921: main subject)
+P183	endemic to	native to, endemic in, native in	sole location or habitat type where the taxon lives
+P184	doctoral advisor	doctoral supervisor, supervisor, advisor, PhD advisor, promotor	person who supervised the doctorate or PhD thesis of the subject
+P186	made from material	media, medium, reactant, ingredient, feedstock, raw material, construction material, be made in, built from, built out of, constructed from, constructed out of, crafted from, crafted out of, formed from, formed out of, ingredients, made from, made in, made of, manufactured from, manufactured out of, material used, ore, source material	material the subject is made of or derived from
+P189	location of discovery	find spot, place of discovery, discovered at:, discovery place, find location, findspot, found in, location of discovered object	where the item was located when discovered
+P190	twinned administrative body	twin town, partner city, partner town, sister city, sister town, twin cities, twin city	twin towns, sister cities, twinned municipalities and other localities that have a partnership or cooperative agreement, either legally or informally acknowledged by their governments
+P194	legislative body	District, parliament, Zila, local government area, assembly, district council, diet, city council, LGA, Tehsil, Jila, council, municipal council, rural council, aboriginal council, indigenous council, representative body	legislative body governing this entity; political institution with elected representatives, such as a parliament/legislature or council
+P195	collection	archives, art collection, museum collection, GLAM, archival holdings, bibliographic collection	art, museum, archival, or bibliographic collection the subject is part of
+P196	minor planet group	asteroid group	is in grouping of minor planets according to similar orbital characteristics
+P197	adjacent station	neighbouring station, next station, next stop, previous station	the stations next to this station, sharing the same line(s)
+P199	business division	divisions, has business division, has division	organizational divisions of this organization (which are not independent legal entities)
+P200	inflows	inflow, inflows, lake inflow, river inflows	major inflow sources — rivers, aquifers, glacial runoff, etc. Some terms may not be place names, e.g. none
+P201	lake outflow	outflow, outflows	rivers and other outflows waterway names. If evaporation or seepage are notable outflows, they may be included. Some terms may not be place names, e.g. evaporation
+P205	basin country	basin countries	country that have drainage to/from or border the body of water
+P206	located in or next to body of water	lake, bay, sea, body of water, borders body of water, loc (water), located next to body of water, located on body of water, next to lake, ocean, on bay, on coast of, on harbour, on lake, on river, on shore of, on the coast of, on the shore of	sea, lake, river or stream
+P208	executive body	executive branch	branch of government for the daily administration of the state
+P209	highest judicial authority	supreme court, has supreme court, highest court	supreme judicial body within a country, administrative division, or other organization
+P241	military branch	formation, branch, service branch, unit branch	branch to which this military unit, award, office, or person belongs, e.g. Royal Navy
+P263	official residence	palace, domicile, executive mansion, executive residence, gubernatorial mansion, home, lives at, lives in, presidential mansion, presidential palace, resides at, state house	the residence at which heads of government and other senior figures officially reside
+P264	record label	label	brand and trademark associated with the marketing of subject music recordings and music videos
+P272	production company	theatre company, film studio, ballet company, theatrical troupe, production house, studio, motion picture studio, movie studio, broadcasting company, produced by (company), producer (company), theater company	company that produced this film, audio or performing arts work
+P275	copyright license	software license, license, licence, content licence, content license, copyright licence	license under which this copyrighted work is released
+P276	location	neighborhood, locality, venue, event location, region, based in, in, locale, is in, located, located in, location of item, moveable object location, place held	location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an administrative entity as containing item use P131 for statistical entities P8138. In the case of a geographic entity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object.
+P277	programming language	language, written in	the programming language(s) in which the software is developed
+P279	subclass of	⊆, sc, ⊂, form of, has superclass, hyponym of, is a category of, is a class of, is a subtype of, is a type of, is also a, is necessarily also a, is thereby also a, rdfs:subClassOf, subcategory of, subset of, subtype of, type of, whose instances ⊆ those of, whose instances are among	next higher class or type; all instances of these items are instances of those items; this item is a class (subset) of that item. Not to be confused with P31 (instance of)
+P282	writing system	script, alphabet	alphabet, character set or other system of writing used by a language, supported by a typeface
+P286	head coach	coach, manager, club manager, coached by, led by, senior coach, team manager	on-field manager or head coach of a sports club (not to be confused with a general manager P505, which is not a coaching position) or person
+P287	designed by	designer, has designer	person(s) or organization which designed the object
+P291	place of publication	location of publication, publication city, publication location, publication place, publication region, published in (place), release region, released in, printed at, printed in	geographical place of publication of the edition (use 1st edition when referring to works)
+P306	operating system	OS	operating system (OS) on which a software works or the OS installed on hardware
+P344	director of photography	cinematographer, Cinematography, DOP	person responsible for the framing, lighting, and filtration of the subject work
+P355	subsidiary	imprint, daughter company, daughter organization, has imprint, has subsidiary, owns, parent company of, subordinate body, subordinate unit, subsidiary body, subsidiary company, subsidiary entities, subsidiary organization	"subsidiary of a company or organization; generally a fully owned separate corporation. Compare with ""business division"" (P199). Opposite of parent organization (P749)."
+P360	is a list of	lists, list of, main article of list, main topic of list	common element between all listed items
+P361	part of	in, chain, contained within, merged into, merged with, assembly of, branch of, cadet branch of, collateral branch of, component of, element of, is part of, meronym of, part of-property, section of, subassembly of, subgroup of, subsystem of, system of, within	"object of which the subject is a part (if this subject is already part of object A which is a part of object B, then please only make the subject part of object A). Inverse property of ""has part"" (P527, see also ""has parts of the class"" (P2670))."
+P364	original language of film or TV show	language, original language, created on language, language of the original work	"language in which a film or a performance work was originally created. Deprecated for written works and songs; use P407 (""language of work or name"") instead."
+P366	use	mission, function, role, purpose, usage, utility, as, used for, unit mission, used as, used in	main use of the subject (includes current and former usage)
+P371	presenter	TV presenter, hostess, TV host, host, hosted by, presented by	someone who takes a main role in presenting a radio or television program or a performing arts show
+P375	space launch vehicle	launch vehicle, carrier rocket, Rocket used	type of rocket or other vehicle for launching subject payload into outer space
+P376	located on astronomical body	planet, astronomical body (location), located on astronomical location	astronomical body on which features or places are situated
+P397	parent astronomical body	star, planetary system, primary, orbits, parent body	major astronomical body the item belongs to
+P400	platform	platforms, environment, game platform, hardware, runtime, computing platform, published on	platform for which a work was developed or released, or the specific platform version of a software product
+P403	mouth of the watercourse	outflow, drain, outlet, river mouth, flows into, watercourse drain, watercourse ends in, watercourse outflow	the body of water to which the watercourse drains
+P404	game mode	mode, gameplay	a video game's available playing mode(s)
+P407	language of work or name	language, audio language, available in, broadcasting language, language of name, language of spoken text, language of the name, language of the reference, language of URL, language of website, language of work, named in language, used language	"language associated with this creative work (such as books, shows, songs, or websites) or a name (for persons use ""native language"" (P103) and ""languages spoken, written or signed"" (P1412))"
+P408	software engine	game engine, engine of software, powered by, render engine	software engine employed by the subject item
+P410	military rank	rank	"military rank achieved by a person (should usually have a ""start time"" qualifier), or military rank associated with a position"
+P411	canonization status	canonisation status, sainthood status	stage in the process of attaining sainthood per the subject's religious organization
+P412	voice type	register, range of voice, tessitura, type of voice, vocal type, voice category	person's voice type. expected values: soprano, mezzo-soprano, contralto, countertenor, tenor, baritone, bass (and derivatives)
+P413	position played on team / speciality	specialism, speciality, fielding position, player position, position (on team)	position or specialism of a player on a team
+P414	stock exchange	exchange, listed on, listed on exchange, listed on stock exchange	exchange on which this company is traded
+P415	radio format	genre, format, radio station format	describes the overall content broadcast on a radio station
+P417	patron saint		patron saint adopted by the subject
+P425	field of this occupation	practice, activity corresponding to this occupation, field of occupation, field of profession, field of this profession, practices, profession's field, works in	activity corresponding to this occupation or profession (use only for occupations/professions - for people use Property:P101, for companies use P452)
+P427	taxonomic type	type, type genus, type species, type taxon	the type genus of this family (or subfamily, etc), or the type species of this genus (or subgenus, etc)
+P437	distribution format	media, medium, edition, format, media type, distribution, type of media, book format, form of publication, media format	method (or type) of distribution for the subject
+P449	original broadcaster	television channel, radio station, TV channel, channel, radio network, network, broadcast on, first air channel, original air channel, original channel, original network	network(s) or service(s) that originally broadcasted a radio or television program
+P450	astronaut mission	cosmonaut mission	space mission that the subject is or has been a member of (do not include future missions)
+P451	unmarried partner	SO, lover, partner, boyfriend, girlfriend, significant other, cohabitant, domestic partner, enbyfriend, is partner of, is the partner of, life partner, partner of, partners, romantic partner, sex partner	"someone with whom the person is in a relationship without being married. Use ""spouse"" (P26) for married couples"
+P452	industry	branch, economic branch, sector, field of action, field of exercise	specific industry of company or organization
+P457	foundational text	treaty, constitution, charter, created by, constitutive text, created in document, enabling law, established under, establishing document, founding document, organic law	text through which an institution or object has been created or established
+P460	said to be the same as	equal to, close to, conspecific with, could be, could be equal to, disputed equivalence, equivalent of, equivalent to, is said to be the same as, is the same as, may be, may be equal to, possibly equivalent to, possibly the same as, said to be different from, said to be equal to, said to be same as, same, same as, see also, similar to, the same as	this item is said to be the same as that item, but it's uncertain or disputed
+P461	opposite of	antonym, antonym of, contrast of, contrasted to, inverse, inverse of, is opposite of, is the antonym of, is the opposite of, opposite	item that is the opposite of this item
+P462	color	colors, colours, colour, dye, pigment, has color, has colour, has the colour, has the color, of the color, of the colour, with the color, with the colour	color of subject
+P463	member of	band member of, be member of, membership, member of musical group, in musical group	organization, club or musical group to which the subject belongs. Do not use for membership in ethnic or social groups, nor for holding a position such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that).
+P466	occupant	inhabitant, resident, tenant, lessee, renter, home team, houses, location of	a person or organization occupying property
+P467	legislated by	enacted by, passed by	indicates that an act or bill was passed by a legislature.  The value can be a particular session of the legislature
+P469	lakes on river	reservoir on this river	lakes or reservoirs the river flows through
+P485	archives at	archive location, correspondence at, papers at	the institution holding the subject's archives
+P488	chairperson	chair, leader, president, chairman, chairwoman, dean, headed by	presiding member of an organization, group or body
+P495	country of origin	comes from, originates from, CoO, place of origin, origin country	country of origin of this item (creative work, food, phrase, product, etc.)
+P501	enclave within	enclaved by	territory is entirely surrounded by the other (enclaved)
+P509	cause of death	death cause, die from, die of, died of, method of murder, murder method	underlying or immediate cause of death.  Underlying cause (e.g. car accident, stomach cancer) preferred.  Use 'manner of death' (P1196) for broadest category, e.g. natural causes, accident, homicide, suicide
+P516	powered by	engine, drive, powerplant, propulsion, prime mover, power source	equipment or engine used by the subject to convert a source or energy into mechanical energy
+P530	diplomatic relation	foreign relations, ambassadorial relation, ambassadorial relations, diplomatic relation, diplomatic relations, foreign relation, political relation, political relations	diplomatic relations of the country
+P533	target	attack target, military target, target of attack	target of an attack or military operation
+P541	office contested	contested office, contested position, position contested	title of office which election will determine the next holder of
+P547	commemorates	honors, honours, celebrates, in honor of, in honour of, in memory of, marks, memorial to, monument to	what the place, monument, memorial, or holiday, commemorates
+P551	residence	lives in, home town, hometown, lived in, place of residence, resided at, resided in, resident in, resident of	the place where the person is or has been, resident
+P556	crystal system	crystal structure	type of crystal for minerals and/or for crystal compounds
+P559	terminus	termini, end point, trailhead, terminating connection, terminuses, train station at the end of the line	the feature (intersecting road, train station, etc.) at the end of a linear feature
+P567	underlies		stratigraphic unit that this unit lies under (i.e. the overlying unit)
+P598	commander of (DEPRECATED)	commands	for persons who are notable as commanding officers, the units they commanded
+P607	conflict	battle, war, military conflict, engagement, military engagement, in action, in conflict, participant in conflict, participated in conflict, theater (military), theatre (military)	battles, wars or other military engagements in which the person or item participated
+P609	terminus location	to, between, from, destination, departure point	location of the terminus of a linear feature
+P610	highest point	summit, pinnacle, highest peak, zenith, elevation of highest point, extreme point highest	point with highest elevation in a region, or on the path of a race or route
+P611	religious order	order	order of monks or nuns to which an individual or religious house belongs
+P629	edition or translation of	translation of, edition of, version of	is an edition or translation of this entity
+P641	sport	play, sports, plays, sport played	sport that the subject participates or participated in or is associated with
+P647	drafted by		which team the player was drafted by
+P658	tracklist	songs, list of tracks, track list, track listing, tracks	audio tracks contained in this release
+P664	organizer	presenter, event producer, organised by, organiser, organising body, organized by, organizing body, promoter	person or institution organizing an event
+P669	located on street	street, road, square, address street, is on, located at street (item), on street	"street, road, or square, where the item is located. To add the number, use Property:P670 ""street number"" as qualifier. Use property P6375 if there is no item for the street"
+P674	characters		characters which appear in this item (like plays, operas, operettas, books, comics, films, TV series, video games)
+P676	lyrics by	author, lyricist, words by, writer (of song lyrics)	author of song lyrics
+P680	molecular function		represents gene ontology function annotations
+P688	encodes	codes for	the product of a gene (protein or RNA)
+P689	afflicts	affects	type of organism or organ which a condition or disease afflicts
+P703	found in taxon	found in species, present in taxon	the taxon in which the item can be found
+P706	located on terrain feature	geographical region, is on, takes place in, terrain feature, on, is in, loc (terr), located on the terrain feature, location (terrain feature), on geographical feature, on natural feature	located on the specified landform. Should not be used when the value is only political/administrative (P131) or a mountain range (P4552).
+P708	diocese	archdiocese, bishopric, archbishopric	administrative division of the church to which the element belongs; use P5607 for other types of ecclesiastical territorial entities
+P710	participant	agent, accused, party, attendee, belligerents, between, competitor, event participant, participants, player, suspect	"person, group of people or organization (object) that actively takes/took part in an event or process (subject).  Preferably qualify with ""object has role"" (P3831). Use P1923 for participants that are teams."
+P725	voice actor	CV, voice actress, VA, VO, voice dubber, seiyu, dubbed by, vocal role as, voice actors, voice actresses, voiced by	"performer of a spoken role in a creative work such as animation, video game, radio drama, or dubbing over [use ""character role"" (P453) as qualifier] [use ""cast member"" (P161) for live acting]"
+P726	candidate	candidate in this election, has election candidate, electoral candidate, election has candidate	person or party that is an option for an office in this election
+P734	family name	surname, last name	part of full name of person
+P735	given name	name, Christian name, first name, forename, middle name, personal name	first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property shouldn't link disambiguations nor family names.
+P737	influenced by	role model, favorite player, has influence, informed by	this person, idea, etc. is informed by that other person, idea, etc., e.g. “Heidegger was influenced by Aristotle”
+P739	ammunition	cartridge, ammo	cartridge or other ammunition used by the subject firearm
+P740	location of formation	comes from, formation location, formed in, founded in, from, originates from, place of formation, place of foundation, place of incorporation, source location of group/organisation	location where a group or organization was formed
+P748	appointed by		who appointed the person to the office, can be used as a qualifier
+P750	distributed by	distributor	distributor of a creative work; distributor for a record label; news agency; film distributor
+P765	surface played on		the surface on which a sporting event is played
+P767	contributor to the creative work or subject	assistant, collaborator, contributor, contributor(s) to the subject	person or organization that contributed to a subject: co-creator of a creative work or subject
+P780	symptoms and signs		possible symptoms of a medical condition
+P793	significant event	event, outcome, big event, fate, key event, known for, key incident, main events, major event, notable event, notable incident, sign. event, significant achievment, significant incident, important event	significant or notable events associated with the subject
+P797	authority	governing body, executive authority, governed by, governing authority, has authority, has governing body, issuer, issued by	entity having executive power on given entity
+P800	notable work	work, artwork, bibliography, creator of, works, significance, famous books, famous for, famous works, known for, literary works, major works, notable books, representative of artwork type, representative work, significant works, they created, they designed, they discovered, they invented, they wrote	notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works
+P802	student	pupil, pupils, students, disciples, disciple, teacher of, teacher to	notable student(s) of the subject individual
+P807	separated from	branched from, broke from, forked from, schism from, seceded from, split from	subject was founded or started by separating from identified object
+P825	dedicated to	dedication, dedicatee, tribute to	person or organization to whom the subject was dedicated
+P828	has cause	reason, why, implied by, cause, because, caused by, due to, effect of, had cause, had reason, had underlying cause, has causes, has reason, has underlying cause, initial cause, originated due to, outcome of, result of, ultimate cause, ultimate causes, underlying cause	underlying cause, thing that ultimately resulted in this effect
+P831	parent club	affiliate of, major league affiliate, parent team	parent club of this team
+P832	public holiday	bank holiday, legal holiday, national holiday	official public holiday that occurs in this place in its honor, usually a non-working day
+P833	interchange station	OSI, out of station interchange	station to which passengers can transfer to from this station, normally without extra expense
+P840	narrative location	narrative set in, playing in, set in location, setting location, takes place in, location of narrative, setting of work, work set in	the narrative of the work is set in this location
+P859	sponsor	patron, endorsed by, sponsored by	organization or individual that sponsors this item
+P870	instrumentation		combination of musical instruments employed in a composition or accompanying a (folk) dance
+P881	type of variable star	variable type	type of variable star
+P885	origin of the watercourse	water source, river source, origin of the body of water, origin of the water body, river head, source of a stream, source of watercourse, stream source, water body origin, water origin	main source of a river, stream or lake
+P915	filming location	film location, filming location, filmed at, location of filming, location where filmed, place of filming, place where filmed, shooting location, studio where filmed	"actual place where this scene/film was shot. For the setting, use ""narrative location"" (P840)"
+P921	main subject	subject, artistic theme, topic, sitter, theme, keyword, main topic, index term, subject heading, /common/topic/subject, about, content deals with, content describes, content is about, describes, has a subject, in regards to, is about, main issue, main thing, mainly about, mentions, plot keyword, primary subject, primary topic, refers to, regarding, regards, topic of work	primary topic of a work (see also P180: depicts)
+P927	anatomical location		where in the body does this anatomical feature lie
+P931	place served by transport hub	city served, serves city, train station serves	territorial entity or entities served by this transport hub (airport, train station, etc.)
+P937	work location	location of work, place of work, work location, workplace, working at, active in, place of activity, place of employment, work area, work place, work residence, conducts business at, conducts business in	location where persons or organisations were actively participating in employment, business or other work
+P941	inspired by	inspiration, source of inspiration	work, human, place or event which inspired this creative work or fictional entity
+P945	allegiance	loyalty, fidelity	country (or other power) that the person or organization serves
+P991	successful candidate	elected person, elected, elected candidate, election winner, election won by, winner of election	person(s) elected after the election
+P1001	applies to jurisdiction	applies to place, jurisdiction, applied to jurisdiction, applies to territorial jurisdiction, belongs to jurisdiction, country of jurisdiction, linked to jurisdiction, of jurisdiction, valid in jurisdiction, applies to area, applies to geographic area, applies to geographic place, applies to region	the item (institution, law, public office, public register...) or statement belongs to or has power over or applies to the value (a territorial jurisdiction: a country, state, municipality, ...)
+P1027	conferred by	presented by, from, awarded by, bestowed by, by, degree awarded by, degree conferred by, degree from, given by, granted by, officiated by	person or organization who grants an award, certification, or role
+P1029	crew member(s)	member of crew of	person(s) that participated operating or serving aboard this vehicle
+P1037	director / manager	director, manager, boss, chief, head, general manager, director general, manager/director	person who manages any kind of group
+P1038	relative	family, aunt, grandson, aunt-in-law, daughter-in-law, relation, co-brother-in-law, father-in-law, cousin, co-sibling-in-law, grandfather, grandmother, grandparent, ancestor, son-in-law, family member, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, nephew, nibling, niece, uncle-in-law, lineal descendant, grandchild, grandchildren, uncle, co-sister-in-law, mother-in-law, descendant, co-husband, co-wife, collateral descendant, granddauther, kinsman, non-binary parent	"family member (qualify with ""type of kinship"", P1039; for direct family member please use specific property)"
+P1040	film editor	editor, edited by	person who works with the raw footage, selecting shots and combining them into sequences to create a finished motion picture
+P1049	worshipped by	deity of	religion or group/civilization that worships a given deity
+P1050	medical condition	disease, condition, disorder, illness, sickness, disability, ailment, health condition, health issue, health problem, paralympic disability, suffer from, suffers from	any state relevant to the health of an organism, including diseases and positive conditions
+P1057	chromosome	on chromosome	chromosome on which an entity is localized
+P1064	track gauge	gauge	spacing of the rails on a railway track
+P1071	location of creation	mint, place of origin, made in, assembly location, created at, creation location, location created, location of creation, location of final assembly, location of origin, location of production, manufactured in, manufacturing location, minted at, place built, place made, place of creation, place of manufacture, place of production, production location, production place, written at	place where the item was made; where applicable, location of final assembly
+P1080	from narrative universe	cycle, mythology, continuity, narrative universe, story cycle, universe, appears in universe, featured in universe, fictional universe where entity is from, from fictional universe, from mythology, from narrative, from universe, in continuity, in cycle, in world of	subject's fictional entity is in the object narrative. See also P1441 (present in work) and P1445 (fictional universe described in)
+P1142	political ideology	has political ideology, ideology, official ideology, official political ideology, political view, supports ideology, supports political ideology, editorial viewpoint, political viewpoint	political ideology of an organization or person or of a work (such as a newspaper)
+P1192	connecting service	halt of	service stopping at a station
+P1196	manner of death	circumstance of death, death manner, death type, type of death, nature of death	general circumstances of a person's death; e.g. natural causes, accident, suicide, homicide, etc.  Use 'cause of death' (P509) for the specific physiological mechanism, e.g. heart attack, trauma, pneumonia...
+P1268	represents	represents organisation, stands for, symbolises, symbolizes	organization, individual, or concept that an entity represents
+P1269	facet of	aspect of, main topic, section in, subitem of, subject in, subtopic of, topic of	topic of which this item is an aspect, item that offers a broader perspective on the same topic
+P1302	primary destinations		major cities that a road serves
+P1303	instrument	musical instrument, instrument played, plays, instrument taught, player of, plays instrument, teaches instrument	musical instrument that a person plays or teaches or used in a music occupation
+P1304	central bank		country's central bank
+P1313	office held by head of government	head of government's office, office of head of government, position held by head of government, position of head of government, title of head of government	political office that is fulfilled by the head of the government of this item
+P1327	partner in business or sport	business partner, collaborator, colleague, partner in business, partner in sports, partnered with, partnership with, professional partner, sport partner, sports partner, team mate, team-mate, work partner, writing partner	professional collaborator
+P1336	territory claimed by	claimed by, sovereignty claimed by, territorial claim by	administrative divisions that claim control of a given area
+P1343	described by source	subject of, entry, described by biography, described by encyclopedia, described by obituary, described by reference work, described in source, mentioned in news article, reviewed in, source of item, written about in	work where this item is described
+P1346	winner	leader, 1st place medalist, awardee, champ, champion, nominee, prizewinner, titleholder, top dog, victor, winners, won by	"winner of a competition or similar event - do not use  on award items. Instead, use ""award received"" (P166) on awardee's item, possibly qualified with ""for work"" (P1686). Not for wars or battles either"
+P1363	points/goal scored by	goal scored by, points scored by, scored by, scorer	person who scored a point or goal in a game
+P1365	replaces	predecessor, continues, continues from, forefather, preceded by, previous job holder, replaced, succeeds, supersedes	"person, state or item replaced. Use ""structure replaces"" (P1398) for structures. Use ""follows"" (P155) if the previous item was not replaced or predecessor and successor are identical"
+P1383	contains settlement	populated places within	settlement which an administrative division contains
+P1387	political alignment	political position, alignment	political position within the political spectrum
+P1389	product certification		"certification for a product, qualify with P1001 (""applies to jurisdiction"") if needed"
+P1399	convicted of	conviction, found guilty of, guilty of	crime a person was convicted of
+P1408	licensed to broadcast to	city of license, community of license	place that a radio/TV station is licensed/required to broadcast to
+P1411	nominated for	have nomination to, nomination received, nomination to, nominee for	"award nomination received by a person, organisation or creative work (inspired from ""award received"" (Property:P166))"
+P1412	languages spoken, written or signed	language, used language, second language, language used, language spoken, language of expression, language read, language signed, language written, language(s) spoken, written or signed, languages of expression, languages signed, languages spoken, languages spoken, written, or signed, signed language, signs language, speaks language, spoke language, uses language, writes language, wrote language	language(s) that a person or a people speaks, writes or signs, including the native language(s)
+P1414	GUI toolkit or framework	user interface, GUI toolkit, widget toolkit, default user interface, GUI framework, UI framework, UI toolkit, widget framework	framework or toolkit a program uses to display the graphical user interface
+P1416	affiliation	affiliated with, sister society	organization that a person or organization is affiliated with (not necessarily member of or employed by)
+P1427	start point	launch site, from, launch pad, flight origin, journey origin, journey start, launch location, start location, start place	starting place of this journey, flight, voyage, trek, migration etc.
+P1431	executive producer	showrunner	executive producer of a movie or TV show
+P1433	published in	album, venue, music album, part of work, article of, chapter of, essay of, on the tracklist of, published in journal, song on, song on album, track of, track on, track on album	larger work that a given work was published in, like a book, journal or music album
+P1434	takes place in fictional universe	continuity, describes fictional universe, describes the fictional universe, fictional universe described, set in fictional universe, universe described, universe featured	the subject is a work describing a fictional universe, i.e. whose plot occurs in this universe.
+P1435	heritage designation	designation, protection, heritage status, heritage designation, legal protection, listed status, listing, protected status	heritage designation of a cultural or natural site
+P1444	destination point	to, destination, finish, end of journey, end point (journey), ending at, journey destination, stopping at	intended destination for this route (journey, flight, sailing, exploration, migration, etc.)
+P1454	legal form	type of business entity, legal structure, structured as	legal form of an entity
+P1462	standards body	standards organisation, standardised by, standardized by, standards developing organisation, standards developing organization, standards group, standards setting organisation, standards setting organization	organisation that published or maintains the standard governing an item
+P1532	country for sport	representative nationality, sport country, sport nationality, sporting nationality, sports country, sports nationality	country a person or a team represents when playing a sport
+P1535	used by	played by, user	item or concept that makes use of the subject (use sub-properties when appropriate)
+P1552	has quality	aspect, attribute, parameter, quality, characterized by, defined by, defining feature, defining parameter, has characteristic, has feature, has property, inherent property, required property, requirement, trait	the entity has an inherent or distinguishing non-material characteristic
+P1582	natural product of taxon	made from, comes from (taxon), fruit of (taxon), produced by taxon, product of taxon	links a natural product with its source (animal, plant, fungal, algal, etc.)
+P1589	lowest point	deepest point, extreme point deepest, extreme point lowest	point with lowest elevation in the country, region, city or area
+P1598	consecrator	consecrated by, has consecrator, has ordainer, ordained by, ordainer	bishop who presided as consecrator or co-consecrator of this bishop
+P1716	brand		commercial brand associated with the item
+P1811	list of episodes	episode list, episodes list	link to the article with the list of episodes for this series
+P1876	vehicle	craft, ship, spacecraft, boat, spaceship, vessel, orbiter, used vehicle, uses vehicle, vehicle used	vessel involved in this mission, voyage or event
+P1877	after a work by	artist who inspired this, copy of a work by, inspirational artist, inspiring artist	artist whose work strongly inspired/ was copied in this item
+P1881	list of characters		Wikimedia page with the list of characters for this work
+P1885	cathedral	is cathedral of, is cathedral of diocese	principal church of a religious district
+P1889	different from	≠, is not, confused with, differ from, different entity from, different entity than, different than, different thing from, different thing than, different to, differs from, disambiguated from, distinct from, distinguished from, do not confuse with, is different from, is not same as, is not the same as, isn't, mistakenly taken for, not equal to, not identical to, not same as, not the same as, not to be confused with, often confused with, rejected match, to be distinguished from	item that is different from another item, with which it is often confused
+P1891	signatory	ratified by, first signatories, signatories, signed by	person, country, or organization that has signed an official document (use P50 for author)
+P1906	office held by head of state	head of state, position held by head of state, state headed by	political office that is fulfilled by the head of state of this item
+P1923	participating team	teams	Like 'Participant' (P710) but for teams. For an event like a cycle race or a football match you can use this property to list the teams and P710 to list the individuals (with 'member of sports team' (P54) as a qualifier for the individuals)
+P1995	health specialty	medical specialty, medical speciality, medical field	main specialty that diagnoses, prevent human illness, injury and other physical and mental impairments
+P2012	cuisine		type of food served by a restaurant or restaurant chain
+P2079	fabrication method	manufacturing process, cooking method, assembly method, assembly process, by means, by method, creation method, fabrication process, made by, manufacturing method, method of assembly, method of cooking, method of fabrication, method of preparation, method used, preparation method, process used, produced by, produced using, production method, production process, technique used, technology used	method, process or technique used to grow, cook, weave, build, assemble, manufacture the item
+P2094	competition class	weight class, class for competition, compclass, disability sport classifications, qualification class, qualifies for, rated at	official classification by a regulating body under which the subject (events, teams, participants, or equipment) qualifies for inclusion
+P2098	substitute/deputy/replacement of office/officeholder	deputy office, office of deputy, office of replacement, office of substitute, replacement office, substitute office	function that serves as deputy/replacement of this function/office (scope/conditions vary depending on office)
+P2175	medical condition treated	capable of inhibiting or preventing pathological process, disease treated, treats, treats disease, treats medical condition	disease that this pharmaceutical drug, procedure, or therapy is used to treat
+P2184	history of topic	chronology of topic, timeline of topic	"item about the historical development of an subject's topic, sample: ""history of Argentina"" for ""Argentina"". To list key events of the topic, use ""significant event"" (P793)"
+P2293	genetic association		general link between a disease and the causal genetic entity, if the detailed mechanism is unknown/unavailable
+P2321	general classification of race participants	GC	classification of race participants
+P2341	indigenous to	endemic to, native to	place that a language, folk dance, cooking style, food, species or other cultural expression is found (or was originally found)
+P2348	time period	epoch, sports season, legislative period, historical period, era, historic period, historic era, theatre season	time period (historic period or era, sports season, theatre season, legislative period etc.) in which the subject occurred
+P2388	office held by head of the organization	headed by, president's office, CEO's office, chairperson's office, chief's office, head's office, leader's office, minister's office, office held by head of the organisation, position held by head of the organisation, secretary's office, head of the organization	position of the head of this item
+P2416	sports discipline competed in	sporting event, sports event, sport event, sports discipline, sport discipline, discipline of sport, event in sports, sport discipline competed in, sport disciplines competed in, sports disciplines competed in	discipline an athlete competed in within a sport
+P2499	league level above	level above (league), promotion to	the league above this sports league
+P2505	carries		item (e.g. road, railway, canal) carried by a bridge, a tunnel or a mountain pass
+P2512	series spin-off	has spin-off, series spinoff, spin-offs, television series spin-off, television series spinoff, TV series spin-off, TV series spinoff, TV spin-off, TV spinoff	series' spin-offs
+P2541	operating area	service area, area of operations, area of responsibility, area operated, area served, geographic area operated, geographic area served, geographic region operated, geographic region served, jurisdiction operated, jurisdiction served, operates in area, operates in geographic area, operates in geographic region, operates in jurisdiction, operating region, region served, serves area, serves geographic area, serves geographic region, serves jurisdiction, serves region	geographic area or jurisdiction an organisation or industry operates in, serves, or has responsibility for
+P2546	sidekick of	helper of	close companion of a fictional character
+P2554	production designer	scenic designer, scenic design by	production designer(s) of this motion picture, play, video game or similar
+P2578	studies	research, academic field for, is a study of, learning what?, researches, scholarly field for, study of, working on what?	subject item is the academic field studying the object item of this property
+P2596	culture	archaeological culture, civilisation	human culture or people (or several cultures) associated with this item
+P2597	Gram staining		Gram stain type of a bacterial strain
+P2632	place of detention	prison, jail, gaol, penitentiary, detained at, detention place, forced exile to, gaoled at, gaoled in, imprisoned at, imprisoned in, in jail, incarcerated at, inmate of, internment at, internment place, jailed at, penal, place of confinemant, place of imprisonment, place of incarceration, place of internment	place where this person is or was detained
+P2650	interested in	field of study, field of research, area of research, field of interest, interests, lobbies for, research area, research interests, research topic, vested interest	item of special or vested interest to this person or organisation
+P2789	connects with	affixed to, attached to, attaches to, binds to, connected to, connected with, connects to, contacts, couples with, intersects at grade, mates with, meets at grade, links to	item with which the item is physically connected
+P2868	subject has role	job title, status, duty, function, role, purpose, as, has role, acting as, had role, subject had role, subject has generic identity, subject of qualified statement has role, subject of statement has role	"role/generic identity of the item (""subject""), also in the context of a statement. For the role of the value of the statement (""object""), use P3831 (""object has role""). For acting roles, use P453 (""character role""). For persons, use P39."
+P2936	language used	used language, medium of instruction, languages used, working language, working languages	language widely used (spoken or written) in this place or at this event
+P2962	title of chess person	chess title	title awarded by a chess federation to a person
+P2975	host		an organism harboring another organism or organisms on or in itself
+P2978	wheel arrangement		wheel/axle arrangement for locomotives, railcars and other rolling stock
+P3018	located in protected area	located in bioreserve, located in biosphere reserve, located in conservation area, located in ecological protection area, located in national park, located in natural reserve, located in nature conservation area, located in nature preserve, located in nature reserve, located in provincial park, located in state park, located in territorial park, located in wildlife refuge, located in wildlife sanctuary, national park location, protected area location, provincial park location, state park location	protected area where a place or geographical feature is physically located
+P3085	qualifies for event	league this event qualifies for	this event qualifies for that event
+P3137	parent peak	Island parent, parent mountain	parent is the peak whose territory this peak resides in, based on the contour of the lowest col
+P3179	territory overlaps	overlaps, partially contains territorial extent, partially located in territorial entity, partly located in territorial entity	part or all of the area associated with (this) entity overlaps part or all of the area associated with that entity
+P3301	broadcast by	radio station, TV channel, radio network, TV station, radio channel, broadcaster, TV network, streamed by	channel, network, website or service that broadcast this item over radio, TV or the Internet
+P3342	significant person	friend, friends, associated people, associated person, key people, key person, notable people, notable person, person associated with the subject, sign. person, significant people	person linked to the item in any possible way
+P3373	sibling	sister, brother, sib, half-brother, half-sibling, half-sister, bro, brothers, siblings, sisters, brother or sister, brothers and sisters, has brother, has sibling, has sister, is brother of, is sibling of, is sister of, is the brother of, is the sibling of, is the sister of, sis, sister or brother, sisters and brothers	"the subject and the object have the same parents (brother, sister, etc.); use ""relative"" (P1038) for siblings-in-law (brother-in-law, sister-in-law, etc.) and step-siblings (step-brothers, step-sisters, etc.)"
+P3450	sports season of league or competition	sport season, is a season of, is season of, season of, season of sports competition, season of sports league, season of sports tournament, seasons of	"property that shows the competition of which the item is a season. Use P5138 for ""season of club or team""."
+P3461	designated as terrorist by	designated as terrorist group by, designated as terrorist organization by	country or organization that has officially designated a given group as a terrorist organization (e.g. for India, listed on http://mha.nic.in/BO )
+P3679	stock market index		stock market indexes for companies traded on this stock exchange
+P3729	next lower rank		"lower rank or level in a ranked hierarchy like sport league, military ranks. If there are several possible, list each one and qualify with ""criterion used"" (P1013), avoid using ranks and date qualifiers. For sports leagues/taxa, use specific properties instead."
+P3764	pole position		person, who starts race at first row (leader in the starting grid)
+P3842	located in present-day administrative territorial entity	located in present day administrative territorial entity, located in the current administrative territorial entity, located in the present-day administrative territorial entity, today part of, would today be located in administrative territorial entity	the item was located in the territory of this present-day administrative unit; however the two did not at any point coexist in time
+P3912	newspaper format		physical size of a newspaper (berliner, broadsheet, tabloid, etc.)
+P3966	programming paradigm		programming paradigm in which a programming language is classified
+P3967	final event		final event of a competition
+P3975	secretary general	leader, general secretary, perpetual secretary	leader of a political or international organization, sometimes below the chairperson (P488)
+P4151	game mechanics	game system	constructs of rules or methods designed for interaction with the game state
+P4330	contains	contents, encloses, has contents, holds, stores, surrounds, wraps	item or substance located within this item but not part of it
+P4552	mountain range	range, mountain system, hill range, located in mountain range, located on mountain range, mountain belt, parent range, system of mountains	range or subrange to which the geographical item belongs
+P4614	drainage basin	river basin district, river basin, watershed, catchment area, water basin	area where precipitation collects and drains off into a common outlet, such as into a river, bay, or other body of water
+P4647	location of first performance	first performance location, first performance place, first performed at, place of first performance, first broadcasted at	location where a work was first debuted, performed or broadcasted
+P4661	reservoir created	creates lake, creates reservoir, dam created reservoir, impounds, lake created	reservoir created upstream of a dam by this dam
+P4743	animal breed	breed	subject item belongs to a specific group of domestic animals, generally given by association
+P4777	has boundary	border, boundary, delimited by, frontier, has 2D boundary, has border	element that's on the two dimensional border that surrounds the subject; the limit of an entity
+P4791	commanded by	commander, captain, commanding officer	commander of a military unit/army/security service, operation, etc.
+P4792	dam	impounded by	construction impounding this watercourse or creating this reservoir
+P4884	court		specific court a legal case is/was heard/decided in
+P4908	season	television series, TV series, television season, TV season, series of television program	season of a television show or podcast series
+P4913	dialect of		"language of which an item with this property is a dialect. Use in addition to ""subclass of"" (P279) if a languoid is also considered a dialect."
+P5025	gens		a clan or group of families from Ancient Rome who shared the same nomen
+P5138	season of club or team	season of athletics program, season of club, season of team, sports season of club or team	club or team that played the season
+P5353	school district		school district to which a settlement or other item belongs
+P5869	model item	sample, example, for example, specimen, best example, featured item	defines which item is a best practice example of modelling a subject, which is described by the value of this property, usage instructions at Wikidata:Model item
+P6087	coach of sports team	club manager of, club manager of sports team, co-manager of, coach of, coach of sports club, coach of sports team, goalie coach of, head coach of, manager of, manager of sports team, senior coach of, senior coach of sports team, team manager of, team manager of sports team, trainer of, trainer of sports team	sports club or team for which this person is or was on-field manager or coach
+P6379	has works in the collection	has work in the collection, has works in the collection(s), museum housing this person's work, work in collection, works in collection	collection that has works of this person or organisation (use archive location P485 for the archives)
+P6587	league system		league system the league belongs to
+P6872	has written for	is writing for, writer for, writes for, written for, wrote for	publication an author has contributed to
+P6885	historical region		geographic area which at some point in time had a cultural, ethnic, linguistic or political basis, regardless of present-day borders
+P7047	enemy of	arch-enemy of, archenemy of, archfoe of, archnemesis of, archrival of, archvillain of, opponent of, rival of	opponent character or group of this fictive character or group
+P7153	significant place	key place, place associated with the subject, sign. place, significant location	significant or notable places associated with the subject
+P7888	merged into	merger, acquired by, bought by, dissolved into, merged with, purchased by	the subject was dissolved and merged into the object, that existed previously
+P7937	form of creative work	literary form, album type, artistic form, album format, creative form, creative format, format of creative work, painted format (landscape, portrait, tondo), physical format	structure of a creative work, type of music release
+P7959	historic county	traditional county, ancient or geographic county, located in historic county of Ireland, located in historic UK county	traditional, geographical division of Great Britain and Ireland
+P8047	country of registry	flag state	country where a ship is or has been registered
+P8138	located in the statistical territorial entity	statistical territorial entity	statistical territorial entity in which a place is located or is part of. If a municipality or county is split into or part of several regions: add several values
+P8345	media franchise	media mix	this creative work belongs to this media franchise
+P9215	set during recurring event	narrative event, narrative holiday, set during event, set during holiday	recurring event (e.g. season, month, holiday) during which this fictional work is set
+P1082	population	human population, inhabitants	number of people inhabiting the place; number of people of subject
+P1092	total produced	circulation, number built, number made, number produced, qty built, qty made, qty produced, total built, total made	quantity of item produced
+P1100	number of cylinders		number of cylinders in a piston engine or compressor
+P1101	floors above ground	number of floors, stories, floor count, storeys	above ground floor count of a building (ground floor and attic included)
+P1113	number of episodes	episodes, episode count, series length	number of episodes in a film/TV/radio series
+P1114	quantity	total, amount, count, multiplicity, number, qty, number of instances, total number	number of instances of this subject
+P1120	number of deaths	dead, death count, death number, death toll, deaths, fatalities, number of fatalities, qty deaths, qty fatalities	total (cumulative) number of people who died since start as a direct result of an event or cause
+P1132	number of participants	participants, number of teams, participant count, qty participants	number of participants of an event, e.g. people or groups of people that take part in the event (NO units)
+P1198	unemployment rate		portion of a workforce population that is not employed
+P1215	apparent magnitude		measurement of the brightness of an astronomic object, as seen from the Earth
+P1339	number of injured	injured, injuries, injury toll, non-fatal injuries, number injured, wounded	number of people with non-fatal injuries in an event
+P1342	number of seats	membership quantity, number of seats (members), quantity of members, seats (members)	total number of seats/members in an assembly (legislative house or similar)
+P1350	number of matches played/races/starts	games pitched, appearances, caps, games played, gp, matches played, mp, number of games played, races, starts	matches or games a player or a team played during an event. Also a total number of matches a player officially appeared in during the whole career.
+P1352	ranking	position, place, rank, peak position, placing	subject's numbered position within a competition or group of performers
+P2043	length	size, distance, dimension, long	measured dimension of an object
+P2044	elevation above sea level	altitude, height, elevation, MASL, AMSL, EASL, elevation above mean sea level, MAMSL	height of the item (geographical object) as measured relative to sea level
+P2046	area	size, surface area, surface, acreage, total area	area occupied by an object
+P2047	duration	interval, length, period, era, time interval, timespan, run time, runtime, cook time, length of time, running length, running time, time span	length of time of an event or process
+P2048	height	size, depth over terrain, heighth	vertical length of an entity
+P2049	width	size, breadth	width of an object
+P2067	mass	weight, displacement	mass (in colloquial usage also known as weight) of the item
+P2120	radius		distance between the center and the surface of a circle or sphere
+P2144	frequency		frequency in Hz at which the subject works, for example the frequency a radio station can be received
+P2257	event interval	interval, 1/(event frequency), event frequency, frequency of event, period, time period of periodically occurring event	"standard nominal interval between scheduled or regularly recurring events. Include unit of time, e.g. ""year"" (Q577)"
+P2437	number of seasons	number of series, seasons	number of seasons a television or radio series has had
+P2635	number of parts of this work	acts count, acts number, acts quantity, chapter count, chapters quantity, component count, composed of x acts, composed of x parts, comprises x acts, comprises x parts, consists of x acts, consists of x parts, contains x acts, movement count, movements quantity, number of acts, number of chapters, number of issues, number of movements, number of parts of this work of art, number of pictures, number of scenes, number of segments of anthology film, number of songs, number of stanzas, number of tracks, number of tracks on release, number of volumes, picture count, pictures quantity, stanza count, stanzas quantity, track count, tracks quantity	the number of parts that a work consists of
+P3157	event distance	race distance, stage distance	distance over which a race or other event is conducted or was achieved
+P3983	sports league level	level on league pyramid, level on pyramid, level on sport league pyramid, sport league level	the level of the sport league in the sport league system
+P569	date of birth	DOB, birth date, birth year, birthdate, birthyear, born on, year of birth	date on which the subject was born
+P570	date of death	DOD, dead, death, death date, died on, year of death, date of the end, deathdate	date on which the subject died
+P571	inception	foundation, formation, introduction, formed in, established, date of establishment, date of founding, establishment date, founding date, introduced, created, completed, built, commenced on date, commencement date, constructed, construction date, created on date, creation date, date commenced, date constructed, date created, date formed, date founded, date incorporated, date of commencement, date of creation, date of foundation, date of foundation or creation, date of incorporation, dedication date, established on date, first issue, formation date, formed at, formed on date, foundation / creation date, foundation date, founded, founded on date, inaugurated, incorporated, incorporated on date, incorporation date, inititated, launch date, launched, time of foundation or creation, time of inception, written on date, year commenced, year created, year established, year founded, year incorporated, year written	date or point in time when the subject came into existence as defined
+P575	time of discovery or invention	date discovered, date of discovery, date of invention, discovered, discovered on, discovery date, discovery time, invented, time of discovery, time of invention	date or point in time when the item was discovered or invented
+P576	dissolved, abolished or demolished date	dissolved, end date, ended, defunct, closed on, closure date, abolished, abolishment date, ceased publication, ceased to exist, date disbanded, date disestablished, date dissolved, date of demolition, date of dissolution, defunct date, demise date, demolished, demolition date, destroyed in, disbanded, disbanded on, disestablished, dissolution date, dissolved on date, dissolved or abolished, dissolved, abolished, or demolished, final issue, final year, folded, time abolished, time dissolved, time of abolishment, time of dissolution, wound up on date	"point in time at which the subject (organisation, building) ceased to exist;  see ""date of official closure"" (P3999) for closing a facility, ""service retirement"" (P730) for retiring equipment,  ""discontinued date"" (P2669) for stopping a product"
+P577	publication date	publication, dop, published, initial release, released in, launch date, launched, date of publication, first published, first released, air date, airdate, be published during, be published in, date of first publication, date of release, date published, date released, first publication, pubdate, publication time, release date, released, time of publication, was published during, was published in, year of publication	date or point in time when a work was first published or released
+P580	start time	introduction, from, began, beginning, building date, from date, from time, introduced, join date, join time, since, start date, started in, starting, starttime	time an item begins to exist or a statement starts being valid
+P582	end time	to, until, ending, cease date, cease operation, cease time, closed, completed in, dissolved, divorced, end date, enddate, ends, endtime, fall date, left office, stop time, till	time an item ceases to exist or a statement stops being valid
+P585	point in time	date, year, time, when, as of, at time, by date, during, event date, on, time of event	Date something took place, existed or a statement was true. Does NOT allow for time. An open issue since 1 Dec 2014.
+P606	first flight	FF, 1st flight, maiden flight, time of first flight	date or point in time on which aircraft, rocket, or airline first flew
+P619	UTC date of spacecraft launch	launch date, date of spacecraft launch, launch time, spacecraft launch date	year-month-day of spacecraft launch not adjusted by timezone or other offset
+P729	service entry	first light, commissioned, established, launch date, date of service entry, entered service, in service, service introduction, time of service entry	date or point in time on which a piece or class of equipment entered operational service
+P730	service retirement	out of service, retirement, retired, decommissioned, date of service retirement, time of service retirement	date or point in time on which a piece or class of equipment was retired from operational service
+P1191	date of first performance	premiere, date of first performance, first performance date, premiere date, time of first performance	date a work was first debuted, performed or live-broadcasted
+P1249	time of earliest written record	date of first written record, earliest record, first historic record, first mentioned in writing, first recorded in, first written record, time of prediction	first time a subject was mentioned in writing
+P1317	floruit	circa, active, work period, living, fl, alive at, fl., flourished, known alive in	date when the person was known to be active or alive, when birth or death not documented
+P1619	date of official opening	introduction, grand opening, established, introduced, dedication date, inaugurated, launch date, date opened, official opening, officially opened on, opened, opening date, The official opening time	date or point in time an event, museum, theater etc. officially opened
+P2031	work period (start)	active since, career began, career start, date of activity (start), fl. (start), floruit (start), floruit start, flourished (start), start date of activity, start time for work, work period start, work starts, years active	"start of period during which a person or group flourished (fl. = ""floruit"") in their professional activity"
+P2032	work period (end)	active until, date of activity (end), end date of activity, end time for work, fl. (end), floruit (end of work), floruit end, flourished (end), work ends, years active end	"end of period during which a person or group flourished (fl. = ""floruit"") in their professional activity"
+P3999	date of official closure	closed, closed on, closed date, closing date, closure date, date of closure	date of official closure of a building or event
+P4566	awarded for period		period during which the achievement must have been made to be eligible for an award
+P625	coordinate location	position, location, geolocation, co-ordinate location, co-ordinates, co-ords, coordinate location, coordinates, coords, geo, geocoordinates, geographic coordinate, geographical coordinates, geotag, gps, gps co-ordinate, gps co-ordinates, gps coordinate, gps coordinates, gps location, latitude, location on earth, longitude, point on a map, point on earth, point on the globe, wgs 84, wgs-84, wgs84, location on map	geocoordinates of the subject. For Earth, please note that only WGS84 coordinating system is supported at the moment