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Albendazole is a broad-spectrum antihelmintic and antiprotozoal agent of the benzimidazole type. It is used for the treatment of a variety of intestinal parasite infections, including ascariasis, pinworm infection, hookworm infection, trichuriasis, strongyloidiasis, taeniasis, clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis, cutaneous larva migrans, giardiasis, and gnathostomiasis, among other diseases. Common side effects include nausea, abdominal pain, and headache. Rare but potentially serious side effects include bone marrow suppression which usually improves on discontinuing the medication. Liver inflammation has been reported and those with prior liver problems are at greater risk. It is pregnancy category D in Australia, meaning it may cause harm if taken by pregnant women. Albendazole was developed in 1975. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

藏红花醛（英语：Safranal）是从藏红花中分离出来的有机化合物，藏红花是由番红花（Crocus sativus）柱头组成的香料。它是藏红花香气的主要成分。

Glycocyamine (or guanidinoacetate) is a metabolite of glycine in which the amino group has been converted into a guanidine by guanylation (transfer of a guanidine group from arginine). In vertebrate organism it is then transformed into creatine by methylation. Glycocyamine is used as a supplement and as a feed additive in poultry farming. However, the metabolism of creatine from glycocyamine in the liver causes a depletion of methyl groups. This causes homocysteine levels to rise, which has been shown to produce cardiovascular and skeletal problems. Glycocyamine plays a role in the metabolism of the amino acids serine, threonine, and proline.

雪松醇（英語：Cedrol，又称柏木醇、番松醇）是一种倍半萜，存在于针叶树的香精油中，尤其是柏木属和刺柏属。它也被鉴定出存在于盆栽马郁兰中，这是一种牛至属的植物。它主要用于香气物质的化学研究及应用。

N-formyl-L-methionine is a L-methionine derivative in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a formyl group. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a proteinogenic amino acid, a N-formyl amino acid and a L-methionine derivative. It is a conjugate acid of a N-formyl-L-methioninate.

金刚烷胺（英語：Amantadine，常用名金刚胺）是美国FDA所批准的抗病毒和抗帕金森病药。金刚乙胺与金刚烷胺有着相似的结构和性质。 根据美国疾病控制与预防中心的数据，100%的季节性H3N2流感和2009年H1N1流感大流行的流感病毒样本对金刚烷胺有耐药性。在美国，金刚烷胺不再被推荐作为感冒药。另外，金刚烷胺抗帕金森病的效果仍不确定，2003年考科藍指出没有充分的证据证明金刚烷胺抗帕金森病的效果和安全性。

6-Hydroxyflavone is a hydroxyflavonoid.

环己醇是一种有机化合物，化学式为HOCH(CH2)5。将环己烷的一个氢原子替换成羟基就会得到环己醇。这个化合物是吸湿性无色固体，气味似樟脑。纯环己醇在近室温下熔化。环己醇的年生产量已达数十亿公斤，主要用来合成尼龙。

Cobalt(II) acetate is a cobalt salt in which the cobalt metal is in the +2 oxidation state and the counter-anion is acetate. It is a cobalt salt and an acetate salt.

白桦脂醇（英語：Betulin，也译作桦木醇）是一种天然的羽扇豆烷型五环三萜化合物，大量存在于桦树的树皮中，比如占到垂枝桦（Betula pendula）树皮干重的30%，白樺茸（Inonotus obliquus）和红桤木（Alnus rubra）也有白桦脂醇。

Fluconazole is a natural product found in Ganoderma gibbosum, Mirabilis jalapa, and other organisms with data available.

二氯乙酸（缩写：DCA）是一种有机化合物，化学式为CHCl2COOH。它是乙酸分子的甲基上的两个氢被氯取代的产物。二氯乙酸可以成盐或酯，其盐可以抑制丙酮酸脱氢酶，是一种潜在药物。

Acrylic acid (IUPAC: prop-2-enoic acid) is an organic compound with the formula CH2=CHCOOH. It is the simplest unsaturated carboxylic acid, consisting of a vinyl group connected directly to a carboxylic acid terminus. This colorless liquid has a characteristic acrid or tart smell. It is miscible with water, alcohols, ethers, and chloroform. More than a million tons are produced annually.

丙烯酸（acrylic acid，IUPAC: propenoic acid）又稱壓克力酸，是最简单的不饱和羧酸。其化学式为C3H4O2，由一个乙烯基和一个羧基构成。纯丙烯酸是无色澄清液体，具有特殊刺激性气味，可与水、乙醇、乙醚和氯仿互溶。丙烯酸可由炼油厂提炼的丙烯制备；以更廉价的原料丙烷选择性氧化制备丙烯酸的工艺，目前尚待深入研究。

3-Hydroxy-16-methoxy-2,3-dihydrotabersonine is a terpene indole alkaloid produced by Catharanthus roseus. The metabolite is a substrate for 3-hydroxy-16-methoxy-2,3-dihydrotabersonine N-methyltransferase (NMT) which transfers a methyl group to the nitrogen of the indole ring forming desacetoxyvindoline. The enzyme catalyzing the formation of 3-hydroxy-16-methoxy-2,3-dihydrotabersonine from 16-methoxytabersonine is currently unknown, but is a result of hydration of the double bond connecting the 6 and 13 position carbons.

胺菊酯 是一种强力合成杀虫剂，属于拟除虫菊酯。这种白色结晶固体的熔点为65-80摄氏度。其混合立体异构体应用于商业产品。

Tris(2-aminoethyl)amine is the organic compound with the formula N(CH2CH2NH2)3. This colourless liquid is soluble in water and is highly basic, consisting of a tertiary amine center and three pendant primary amine groups. Tris(2-aminoethyl)amine is commonly abbreviated as tren or TREN. It is used a crosslinking agent in the synthesis of polyimine networks and a tripodal ligand in coordination chemistry.

苯丁酸氮芥（英語：Chlorambucil）以Leukeran（瘤可寧）等商品名於市場上銷售，是一種化學治療藥物，用於治療慢性淋巴細胞白血病 (CLL)、霍奇金淋巴瘤和非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤。此藥物對於CLL是首選治療藥物。苯丁酸氮芥透過口服方式給藥。 使用後常見的副作用有骨髓抑制。嚴重的副作用有升高未來罹患癌症的風險、不孕症和過敏反應。 個體於懷孕期間使用通常會對胎兒造成傷害。此藥物屬於烷化劑（能與癌細胞DNA結合，導致其死亡的一類藥物）藥物家族。它經由阻斷癌細胞DNA和RNA的形成而發揮作用。

Hydroxytyrosol is an organic compound with the formula (HO)2C6H3CH2CH2OH. It is a phenylethanoid, i.e. a relative of phenethyl alcohol. Its derivatives are found in a variety of natural sources, notably olive oils and wines. Hydroxytyrosol is a colorless solid, although samples often turn beige during storage. It is a derivative, formally speaking, of catechol. Hydroxytyrosol and its derivatives occur in olives and in wines.

正十二醛（英語：Dodecanal，也称为月桂醛，lauraldehyde，1-十二醛，dodecyl aldehyde）是一种有机化合物，分子式C12H24O，结构简式CH3(CH2)10CHO，常温常压下为无色液体，可由1-十二烷醇脱氢生成。

Corticosterone, also known as 17-deoxycortisol and 11β,21-dihydroxyprogesterone, is a 21-carbon steroid hormone of the corticosteroid type produced in the cortex of the adrenal glands. In the very rare case of congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 17α-hydroxylase deficiency cortisol production is blocked.

黃樟素（Safrole 或 Shikimol）是一種有機天然化合物，化學式為CH2O2C6H3CH2CH=CH2。黃樟素是一種無色的油狀液體，但萃取時常含有雜質而呈微黃色。屬於苯丙素类（phenylpropanoid family）天然化合物一員，見於檫木属植物及其他植物。多種植物中均有少量黃樟素，在植物體中有天然拒食剂（antifeedant）的功能。 黃樟素是許多合成物的前体，例如：殺蟲增效劑胡椒基丁醚（piperonyl butoxide）、透過异黄樟素生產的香氣劑胡椒醛及致幻同感劑MDMA。經動物實驗，確定在生物的代謝過程中，會有致癌的風險。

Guaiacol is a natural product found in Angelica gigas, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, and other organisms with data available.

可可碱（英語：Theobromine）是一个甲基黄嘌呤类生物碱，存在于可可树和巧克力中。同属这一类的还有茶碱和咖啡因。可可鹼的英文名稱為theobromine，字面涵義為「神的食物」，其英文名稱theobromine雖有bromine拼字，卻不含溴元素，係因兩者同樣源於希臘文卻是不同辭彙：前者希臘字根為theo（意即「神」）+broma（意即「食物」），後者的brom- 則是另一希臘字bromos（意即「強臭味」），差別在此。

(R)-lipoic acid is the (R)-enantiomer of lipoic acid. A vitamin-like, C8 thia fatty acid with anti-oxidant properties. It has a role as a prosthetic group, a nutraceutical and a cofactor. It is a lipoic acid, a member of dithiolanes, a heterocyclic fatty acid and a thia fatty acid. It is functionally related to an octanoic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a (R)-lipoate. It is an enantiomer of a (S)-lipoic acid.

碘乙酸是乙酸的一种衍生物，分子式为C2H3IO2，碘乙酸有毒性和腐蚀性。与许多卤代烃一样，碘乙酸是一种烷基化试剂。 碘乙酸能与蛋白质中的半胱氨酸残基反应，常被用于修饰巯基，以防止在蛋白质胱氨酸残基被还原为半胱氨酸后又重新形成二硫键。

3-Octanone is a natural product found in Francisella tularensis, Perilla frutescens, and other organisms with data available.

3-辛酮是一种天然酮，化学式为C2H5C=O(CH2)4CH3，它是低挥发性的无色可燃液体，具有果香，微溶于水。存在于薰衣草、迷迭香、桃等植物中。

Isobutylamine is a natural product found in Cannabis sativa, Vitis vinifera, and Trypanosoma brucei with data available.

1950 年代，在鏈黴菌屬中發現巴龍黴素，1960 年將其用作醫藥用途，納入世界衛生組織基本藥物標準清單，認可為醫療系統中最安全有效的藥物之一 ，市面上已有本品的通用名藥物。截至 2007 年，在印度注射劑型的整套療程約在 4.19 英鎊到 8.38 英鎊左右 ，截至 2015 年，在美國一套典型的療程超過 200 美元 。

Edaravone is a pyrazolone that is 2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one which is substituted at positions 2 and 5 by phenyl and methyl groups, respectively. It has a role as a radical scavenger and an antioxidant.

虫酰肼（英語：Tebufenozide）是一种杀虫剂，分子式C22H28N2O2，可作为昆虫蜕皮激素蜕皮酮的受体蜕皮激素受体（EcR）的激动剂。

Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. This includes use as an eye ointment to treat conjunctivitis. By mouth or by injection into a vein, it is used to treat meningitis, plague, cholera, and typhoid fever. Its use by mouth or by injection is only recommended when safer antibiotics cannot be used. Monitoring both blood levels of the medication and blood cell levels every two days is recommended during treatment. Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, nausea, and diarrhea. The bone marrow suppression may result in death. To reduce the risk of side effects treatment duration should be as short as possible. People with liver or kidney problems may need lower doses. In young infants, a condition known as gray baby syndrome may occur which results in a swollen stomach and low blood pressure. Its use near the end of pregnancy and during breastfeeding is typically not recommended. Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that typically stops bacterial growth by stopping the production of proteins. Chloramphenicol was discovered after being isolated from Streptomyces venezuelae in 1947. Its chemical structure was identified and it was first synthesized in 1949. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication.

美雄诺龙（英語：Mestanolone，也称为“17α-甲基雄诺龙”，17α-methylandrostanolone，商品名有Androstalone、Ermalone等）是一种人工合成的雄激素和同化類固醇（AAS）。

Acetochlor is an herbicide developed by Monsanto Company and Zeneca. It is a member of the class of herbicides known as chloroacetanilides. Its mode of action is elongase inhibition, and inhibition of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) cyclization enzymes, part of the gibberellin pathway. It carries high risks of environmental contamination.

2-甲基-5-乙基吡啶是一种有机化合物，化学式为(C2H5)(CH3)C5H3N，是无色液体，可用于制备烟酸。它可由2-甲基-5-乙基哌啶的脱氢反应制得。甲醛和氨的反应也能制得2-甲基-5-乙基吡啶。它和高锰酸钾在碱性溶液中氧化，可以得到2,5-吡啶二甲酸等产物；它在冰乙酸中被过氧化氢氧化，得到2-甲基-5-乙基吡啶-N-氧化物。

Ambroxol is a natural product found in Justicia adhatoda with data available.

萘夫西林钠（英語：Nafcillin sodium）是青霉素类的窄谱β-内酰胺类抗生素。作为一种耐β-内酰胺酶的青霉素，它可用于治疗由革兰氏阳性菌引起的感染，尤其是对其他青霉素耐药的葡萄球菌。

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid is a natural product found in Guanomyces polythrix, Nicotiana tabacum, and Phoma herbarum with data available.

2,2,2-三氯乙醇（2,2,2-Trichloroethanol）是一种有机化合物，分子式C2H3Cl3O，具有镇静和催眠的药效。20世纪前期常用的安眠药安眠药水合氯醛就是在体内代谢为三氯乙醇。

Isoniazid is a natural product found in Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis, Ganoderma colossus, and other organisms with data available.

可的松（cortisone）又称可體松、皮质酮，俗称皮质素，与皮質醇都屬於腎上腺皮質激素之中的糖皮質激素，化学学名：17-羟-11脱氢皮质（甾）酮。此术语也泛指肾上腺皮质激素型药物。

Cypermethrin (CP) is a synthetic pyrethroid used as an insecticide in large-scale commercial agricultural applications as well as in consumer products for domestic purposes. It behaves as a fast-acting neurotoxin in insects. It is easily degraded on soil and plants but can be effective for weeks when applied to indoor inert surfaces. It is a non-systemic and non-volatile insecticide that acts by contact and ingestion, used in agriculture and in pest control products. Exposure to sunlight, water and oxygen will accelerate its decomposition. Cypermethrin is highly toxic to fish, bees and aquatic insects, according to the National Pesticide Information Center (NPIC) (previously National Pesticides Telecommunication Network) in the USA. It is found in many household ant and cockroach killers, including Raid, Ortho, Combat, ant chalk, and some products of Baygon in Southeast Asia.

1-亚硝基-2-萘酚（英語：1-Nitroso-2-naphthol）是一种有机化合物，结构简式C10H6(NO)OH，常用作指示剂和染料。

Quinolinic acid (abbreviated QUIN or QA), also known as pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, is a dicarboxylic acid with a pyridine backbone. It is a colorless solid. It is the biosynthetic precursor to niacin. Quinolinic acid is a downstream product of the kynurenine pathway, which metabolizes the amino acid tryptophan. It acts as an NMDA receptor agonist. Quinolinic acid has a potent neurotoxic effect. Studies have demonstrated that quinolinic acid may be involved in many psychiatric disorders, neurodegenerative processes in the brain, as well as other disorders. Within the brain, quinolinic acid is only produced by activated microglia and macrophages.

他仑帕奈（INN：Talampanel；研发代号：GYKI 537773和LY300164）是一种已被研究用于治疗癫痫、恶性神经胶质瘤和肌萎缩侧索硬化的药物。

Diethylamine is an organic compound with the formula (CH3CH2)2NH. It is classified as a secondary amine. It is a flammable, volatile weakly alkaline liquid that is miscible with most solvents. It is a colorless liquid, but commercial samples often appear brown due to impurities. It has a strong ammonia-like odor.

特乐酚（英語：Dinoterb，化学名：6-叔丁基-4,6-二硝基苯酚，2-tert-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol）是一种含氮有机化合物，分子式C10H12N2O5，属于二硝基苯酚类除草剂。

2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid is a natural product found in Phomopsis velata with data available.

北美黄连碱（Hydrastine）是一种生物鹼，分子式C21H21N1O6，1851年由Alfred P. Durand发现。其水解得白毛莨分碱的反应在1910年代曾为拜耳公司合成止血药的一项专利。该化合物存在于金印草（又称北美黄连）等毛茛科植物。

Pindone is a member of indanones and a beta-triketone.

肾上腺酮（英語：Adrenalone）是一种腎上腺素刺激劑，分子式C9H11NO3，可看做肾上腺素的酮衍生物，可造成血管收縮，过去曾用做局部麻醉药。

Maltotriose is a trisaccharide (three-part sugar) consisting of three glucose molecules linked with α-1,4 glycosidic bonds. It is most commonly produced by the digestive enzyme alpha-amylase (a common enzyme in human saliva) on amylose in starch. The creation of both maltotriose and maltose during this process is due to the random manner in which alpha amylase hydrolyses α-1,4 glycosidic bonds. It is the shortest chain oligosaccharide that can be classified as maltodextrin.

立方烷（英語：Cubane）是一種人工合成的烷烃，又稱五環辛烷，化學式為C8H8，外观为有光泽的晶体。八个碳原子对称地排列在立方体的八个角上。此烷烃属于柏拉图烃的一种。立方烷于1964年由芝加哥大学的Dr. Philip Eaton与Thomas W. Cole首先合成。在他们合成出立方烷之前，人们曾一度认为其不可合成，因为碳碳键的键角均为90度，张力过大而不稳定。不过当此物质被合成出以后，人们发现它在动力学上很稳定。立方烷生成热、密度等均很大，因而备受瞩目。

Bombykol is a natural product found in Bombyx mori and Hemileuca electra with data available.

山麻杆碱（Alchorneine）是山麻杆属植物如Alchornea castaneifolia、Alchornea floribunda 和 Alchornea cordifolia等中发现的一种生物碱。

Glyceric acid refers to organic compounds with the formula HOCH2CH(OH)CO2H. It occurs naturally and is classified as three-carbon sugar acid. It is chiral. Salts and esters of glyceric acid are known as glycerates.

二甲基碲是一种有机碲化合物，化学式为(CH3)2Te，最初于1939年在微生物代谢产物中被发现。二甲基碲的毒性尚不明确，但它是碲化合物摄入体内的代谢产物之一（与DMSO的作用类似），碲本身是有毒的。

L-histidine is the L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine. It has a role as a nutraceutical, a micronutrient, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a human metabolite, an algal metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a proteinogenic amino acid, a histidine and a L-alpha-amino acid. It is a conjugate base of a L-histidinium(1+). It is a conjugate acid of a L-histidinate(1-). It is an enantiomer of a D-histidine. It is a tautomer of a L-histidine zwitterion.

酪胺即对羟基苯乙胺，得名于酪氨酸，是一种痕量单胺。具促使儿茶酚胺释放的作用。它无法透过血脑屏障，只产生非精神活性的外周交感神经作用。然而，同时摄入单胺氧化酶抑制剂（MAOIs）和富含酪胺的食物可能会引发高血压急症。

Azamethiphos is an organothiophosphate insecticide. It is a veterinary drug used in Atlantic salmon fish farming along with other fish in the Salmonid family to control parasites, specifically sea lice. It is also used as an insecticide in biocidal products in Europe.

氟苯丙胺（英語：Fenfluramine），又稱Pondimin，是治療肥胖症的藥物。於1973年在美國市場面世。它是兩種對映異構體－右旋氟苯丙胺、左旋氟苯丙胺的外消旋體混合物。它能提高神經遞質血清張力素水平－一種調節情緒食慾的化合物。它能夠干擾突觸小泡來釋放血清張力素，最後促使飽滿的感覺，失去了食慾。

Dimethylmercury is a methylmercury compound.

百里酚（英語：Thymol）即麝香草酚为一个单萜，是对异丙基甲苯（对伞花烃）的酚衍生物。其分子式为C10H14O，与香芹酚是同分异构体，由于被发现于百里香中而得名。萃取得到的百里酚是白色结晶固体，有令人愉快的芳香气味。百里酚為半透明結晶，有特殊氣味；微有鹼味，能隨水蒸氣揮發，25℃時，1g溶於1ml乙醇、1.5ml乙醚、0.7ml氯仿、1.7ml橄欖油、約1000ml水中，溶於冰乙酸和鹼溶液。

Dinitolmide (or zoalene) is a fodder additive for poultry, used to prevent coccidiosis infections. It is sold under trade names such as Coccidine A, Coccidot, and Zoamix. Dinitolmide is usually added to feed in doses of 125 ppm (preventive) or 250 ppm (curative). It is a broad-spectrum anticoccidial drug, preventing seven main strains of Eimeria coccidium. It leaves no residues in tissues. It can be also used to prevent coccidiosis of domestic rabbits.

苯甲酸乙酯（Ethyl benzoate），分子式C9H10O2，是苯甲酸与乙醇在酸催化下形成的酯，其外观为无色液体，几乎不溶于水，但与很多有机溶剂混溶。与很多挥发性酯一样，苯甲酸乙酯有香味，它是某些天然和合成香料的组分，用于制造水果香料等。

Kynurenic acid is a quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-4. It has a role as a G-protein-coupled receptor agonist, a NMDA receptor antagonist, a nicotinic antagonist, a neuroprotective agent, a human metabolite and a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite. It is a monohydroxyquinoline and a quinolinemonocarboxylic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a kynurenate.

樂卡地平（英語：Lercanidipine）以商品名Zanidip等於市面銷售，是一種抗高血壓藥。它屬於1,4-二氫吡啶類鈣通道阻滯劑，透過放鬆和擴張血管來發揮作用，讓血液在全身更自由循環，而達到降低血壓並讓心臟更有效運作的目的。 該藥物作用較舊型1,4-二氫吡啶藥物為緩慢，可能具有較少的副作用，但與其他藥物交互作用的可能性相對較高。

Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) is a naturally occurring isothiocyanate whose precursor, gluconasturtiin is found in some cruciferous vegetables, especially watercress. PEITC has been studied for its potential for chemoprevention of cancers, such as prostate cancer. In terms of biosynthesis, PEITC is produced from gluconasturtiin by the action of the enzyme myrosinase.

三苄糖苷 (INN：tribenoside，TBS)，旧称三苄葡甙，是由两种光学异构体（α体和β体）组成的混合物，为一种毛细血管保护剂，具有抗炎、抗毒素、治愈创伤组织及较弱的镇痛作用，与神经鞘氨醇合用可有效预防革兰阴性及阳性菌的感染。由加拿大Ciba-Geigy于20世纪50年代开发。现常用于治疗痔疮。

Fluorine is a natural product found in Salvadora persica with data available.

对苯二酚，也称氢醌（英語：hydroquinone），化学式為C6H4(OH)2，是苯的两个对位氢被羟基取代形成的化合物。对苯二酚可以讓膚色變淺。

Borane, also known as borine, is an unstable and highly reactive molecule with the chemical formula BH3. The preparation of borane carbonyl, BH3(CO), played an important role in exploring the chemistry of boranes, as it indicated the likely existence of the borane molecule. However, the molecular species BH3 is a very strong Lewis acid. Consequently, it is highly reactive and can only be observed directly as a continuously produced, transitory, product in a flow system or from the reaction of laser ablated atomic boron with hydrogen. It normally dimerizes to diborane in the absence of other chemicals.

甲硼烷，又称三氢化硼，是一種无机化合物，化学式为BH3。它很不稳定，具有高反应性。羰基甲硼烷(BH3CO)的制备在探索甲硼烷的化学过程中起着重要作用，因为它可能存在甲硼烷分子。 但是，BH3分子是非常强的路易斯酸。因此，它具有很高的反应性，只能直接在流动系统中以连续产生的，短暂的产物形式观察到。甲硼烷也可以通过激光烧蚀的原子硼与氢的反应而直接观察到。

Butalbital is a member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by an allyl group and an isobutyl group. Frequently combined with other medicines, such as aspirin, paracetamol and codeine, it is used for treatment of pain and headache. It has a role as a sedative and an analgesic. It is functionally related to a barbituric acid.

3-羟基犬尿氨酸（英語：3-Hydroxykynurenine）是一种非蛋白氨基酸，分子式C10H12N2O4，也是l-色氨酸到烟酸的代谢中间产物，可过滤人体晶状体中的紫外线。

1,3,7-trimethyluric acid is an oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8, and the nitrogens at positions 1, 3, and 7 are substituted by methyl groups. It is a metabolite of caffeine. It has a role as a human xenobiotic metabolite, a human blood serum metabolite, a mouse metabolite and a human urinary metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a 1,3,7-trimethylurate.

马烯雌酮（英語：Equilin）是一种母马中发现的天然雌性类固醇，也可作为药物。它也是結合型雌激素（CEEs，商品名普立马，Premarin）的有效成分之一，在美国常用于更年期综合征的激素替代療法（HRT）。硫酸雌酮是結合型雌激素的主要成分（约占50%），硫酸马烯雌酮是第二大主要成分，约占25%。

Salicyluric acid is a natural product found in Cunila and Trypanosoma brucei with data available.

美巴那肼（商品名Actomol）是一种单胺氧化酶抑制剂，化学式为C8H12N2。它于1960年代曾用作抗抑郁药，但现因其肝毒性而被撤回。动物实验发现美巴那肼是比苯异丙肼更强的单胺氧化酶抑制剂，治疗指数更大。

Azobenzene is a molecule whose structure comprises two phenyl rings linked by a N=N double bond; the parent compound of the azobenzene class of compounds.

过硝酸，又称过氧硝酸，化学式为HNO4（或者HOONO2）是一种不稳定具有爆炸性的晶体，亦有極強的氧化性，強過高氯酸，但還是不能溶解玻璃，N2O5与H2O2反应除形成HNO3还形成过硝酸。目前还没有制得它的盐，不过已知无固体盐。即使在-30°C下它也能猛烈分解，并发生爆炸。

Anisole is a monomethoxybenzene that is benzene substituted by a methoxy group. It has a role as a plant metabolite.

扁枝衣二酸（英語：evernic acid）是一种有机化合物和缩酚酸。该化合物最先从长松萝中分离出来。该化合物易溶于热酒精，难溶于水。扁枝衣二酸由树花属、扁枝衣属、袋衣属等地衣产生。

Lysine (symbol Lys or K) is an α-amino acid that is a precursor to many proteins. Lysine contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH+3 form when the lysine is dissolved in water at physiological pH), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated −COO− form when the lysine is dissolved in water at physiological pH), and a side chain (CH2)4NH2 (which is partially protonated when the lysine is dissolved in water at physiological pH), and so it is classified as a basic, charged (in water at physiological pH), aliphatic amino acid. It is encoded by the codons AAA and AAG. Like almost all other amino acids, the α-carbon is chiral and lysine may refer to either enantiomer or a racemic mixture of both. For the purpose of this article, lysine will refer to the biologically active enantiomer L-lysine, where the α-carbon is in the S configuration. The human body cannot synthesize lysine. It is essential in humans and must therefore be obtained from the diet. In organisms that synthesise lysine, two main biosynthetic pathways exist, the diaminopimelate and α-aminoadipate pathways, which employ distinct enzymes and substrates and are found in diverse organisms. Lysine catabolism occurs through one of several pathways, the most common of which is the saccharopine pathway. Lysine plays several roles in humans, most importantly proteinogenesis, but also in the crosslinking of collagen polypeptides, uptake of essential mineral nutrients, and in the production of carnitine, which is key in fatty acid metabolism. Lysine is also often involved in histone modifications, and thus, impacts the epigenome. The ε-amino group often participates in hydrogen bonding and as a general base in catalysis. The ε-ammonium group (−NH+3) is attached to the fourth carbon from the α-carbon, which is attached to the carboxyl (−COOH) group. Due to its importance in several biological processes, a lack of lysine can lead to several disease states including defective connective tissues, impaired fatty acid metabolism, anaemia, and systemic protein-energy deficiency. In contrast, an overabundance of lysine, caused by ineffective catabolism, can cause severe neurological disorders. Lysine was first isolated by the German biological chemist Ferdinand Heinrich Edmund Drechsel in 1889 from hydrolysis of the protein casein, and thus named it Lysin, from Greek λύσις (lysis) 'loosening'. In 1902, the German chemists Emil Fischer and Fritz Weigert determined lysine's chemical structure by synthesizing it. The one-letter symbol K was assigned to lysine for being alphabetically nearest, with L being assigned to the structurally simpler leucine, and M to methionine.

苯佐那酯（英語：Benzonatate）的商標名稱有Tessalon（咳治得）等，是一種用於緩解咳嗽症狀的藥物。透過口服方式給藥。不建議十歲以下兒童使用。效果通常在服用20分鐘內開始，持續時間長達8小時。 服用後的副作用包括有昏睡、頭暈、頭痛、消化不良、皮疹、幻覺和過敏反應。過量服用可能會導致癲癇發作、心律不整和死亡。咀嚼或吸吮膠囊內容物可導致喉頭痙攣、支氣管痙攣和休克。目前尚不清楚服用後對於母體中的胎兒或母乳哺育的嬰兒是否安全。這種藥物的作用是麻木肺部的牽張感受器（人體的力學感受器）並抑制大腦中的咳嗽反射作用。 美國於1958年批准苯佐那酯用於醫療用途。目前市面上已有多種通用名藥物存在，但全球使用的普遍性不高。它是美國於2020年排名第157位的最常使用處方藥，所開立的處方箋數量超過300萬張。

Guaiol is a guaiane sesquiterpenoid.

磺胺二甲异嘧啶是一种磺胺类药物，其INN名称是“Sulfisomidine”。该药物可用于治疗由细菌感染引起的疾病等病症。该药物在血液中的半衰期尚不明确。20世纪50年代，曾对该药物治疗泌尿道感染的功效进行过研究，但目前似乎没有历史资料表明该药物曾得到各国监管部门批准投入临床使用。

Ethyl heptanoate is the fatty acid ethyl ester of heptanoic acid. It has a role as a metabolite. It is functionally related to a heptanoic acid.

西布曲明（INN：sibutramine），化學名(±)N-(1-(1-(4-氯苯基)环丁基)-3-甲基丁基)-N,N-二甲胺，化學式C17H26ClN，是一種作用於中樞神經系統的食慾抑制劑，其化學結構與安非他命有點關連，但作用機理不同。它在醫學上可作為一種口服的減肥藥，通常使用盐酸西布曲明（C17H26ClN·HCl·H2O）生產藥品。 該藥由美國雅培製藥研發，商品名Reductil（諾美婷）、Meridia。由於它有嚴重副作用（心血管事件），中美英等國已經禁止銷售。

Butyl nitrite is a nitroso compound.

匹戊肼（英語：Pivhydrazine）是肼家族的一种不可逆、非选择性单胺氧化酶抑制剂。它曾在1960年代被用作抗抑郁药，但现已停产。

Phenanthrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon composed of three fused benzene rings which takes its name from the two terms 'phenyl' and 'anthracene.' It has a role as an environmental contaminant and a mouse metabolite. It is an ortho-fused polycyclic arene, an ortho-fused tricyclic hydrocarbon and a member of phenanthrenes.

甲氧氯普胺（Metoclopramide），為適用於治療胃及食道問題的藥物，屬於多巴胺受體拮抗劑。本品主要用於治療恶心和呕吐，並可協助胃排空障礙的患者排空胃部，並治療胃食道逆流及胃輕癱，也可以用於治療偏頭痛。 常見副作用包含疲累、腹瀉。更嚴重副作用包含抑鬱和一些動作障礙，包含遲發性動作障礙、錐體外症候群，此類副作用又稱抗精神藥物惡性症候群，因此不太建議服用超過12週。本品於美國屬於懷孕分級B類藥物，澳洲則規為A級，表示沒有證據表示妊娠期間用藥會導致傷害。本品。 2012年，甲氧氯普胺為美國最常開立的前100種藥物。該藥列名於世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单，為基礎公衛體系必備藥物之一。本品已有學名藥生產上市。2014年，該藥物批發價約介於每錠美元0.003至美元0.08美金之間。在美國，一個月劑量價格低於美元25。

L-serine is the L-enantiomer of serine. It has a role as a human metabolite, an algal metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a serine family amino acid, a proteinogenic amino acid, a L-alpha-amino acid and a serine. It is a conjugate base of a L-serinium. It is a conjugate acid of a L-serinate. It is an enantiomer of a D-serine. It is a tautomer of a L-serine zwitterion.

多巴胺（dopamine，DA）是一种神经调控分子和单胺类神经递质，属于兒茶酚胺和苯乙胺衍生物，占了腦中儿茶酚胺的80%。人的脑和肾脏能通过除去前体L-多巴的羧基合成多巴胺，植物和大部分动物同样能合成多巴胺。多巴胺化学名为 2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)乙胺，其英语 dopamine 是 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine 的缩略形式。

Tributyl phosphate is a trialkyl phosphate that is the tributyl ester of phosphoric acid.

台盼蓝（英語：Trypan blue）又称锥虫蓝，是一种生物染色剂，常用于区分死细胞和活细胞。

Nile red is an organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 5H-benzo[a]phenoxazin-5-one substituted at position 9 by a diethylamino group. It has a role as a fluorochrome and a histological dye. It is an organic heterotetracyclic compound, a cyclic ketone, an aromatic amine and a tertiary amino compound.

钼酸是三氧化钼與水生成的化合物，化学式H2MoO4。

Nandrolone, also known as 19-nortestosterone, is an endogenous androgen. It is also an anabolic steroid (AAS) which is medically used in the form of esters such as nandrolone decanoate (brand name Deca-Durabolin) and nandrolone phenylpropionate (brand name Durabolin). Nandrolone esters are used in the treatment of anemias, cachexia (muscle wasting syndrome), osteoporosis, breast cancer, and for other indications. They are now used by oral administration or instead are given by injection into muscle or fat. Side effects of nandrolone esters include symptoms of masculinization like acne, increased hair growth, and voice changes. They are synthetic androgens and anabolic steroids and hence are agonists of the androgen receptor (AR), the biological target of androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Nandrolone has strong anabolic effects and weak androgenic effects, which give them a mild side effect profile and make them especially suitable for use in women and children. There are metabolites of Nandrolone that act as long-lasting prodrugs in the body, such as 5α-Dihydronandrolone. Nandrolone esters were first described and introduced for medical use in the late 1950s. They are among the most widely used anabolic steroid worldwide. In addition to their medical use, nandrolone esters are used to improve physique and performance, and are said to be the most widely used anabolic steroid for such purposes. The drugs are controlled substances in many countries and so non-medical use is generally illicit.

茶没食子素（英語：Theogallin），又称茶棓因、没食子-3-金鸡纳酸或3-O-没食子酰基奎宁酸，1955年在阿萨姆茶叶中发现的一种三羟基苯甲酸糖苷，属茶多酚物质，被视作茶叶中的增鲜味成分。此外在草莓树果实中也发现了茶没食子素。 其占茶叶干重的1.0%，易溶于水和含水乙醇，难溶于乙酸乙酯，遇乙酸铅沉淀析出。水解产物为没食子酸和金鸡纳酸。 在大鼠身上的研究表明，茶没食子素和其代谢产物金鸡纳酸可以透过血脑屏障，并具有增强认知的作用。

Tetradecane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)12CH3. Tetradecane has 1858 structural isomers.

胆碱（英語：Choline），是一种甜菜碱、营养素，為构成细胞膜磷脂質的重要成分，也是人體合成甘胺酸的原料之一，广泛存在于各种食物中。1864年由 Andreas Strecker 从猪胆汁中首先分离出来，1866年被化学合成。体内的胆碱有很大一部分来源于食物。它在大肠中被分解为三甲胺。胆碱以往被归为维生素B之一，但目前认为它是具有氨基酸样代谢的营养素。

Alloxan, sometimes referred to as alloxan hydrate, is an organic compound with the formula OC(N(H)CO)2C(OH)2. It is classified as a derivative of pyrimidine. The anhydrous derivative OC(N(H)CO)2CO is also known, as well as a dimeric derivative. These are some of the earliest known organic compounds. They exhibit a variety of biological activities.

新戊烷（英語：Neopentane）是烷烃的一种，分子式為C5H12，与正戊烷、异戊烷互为同分异构体。在室温、常压下，大部分碳数为5、6的烷烃都是液体，但新戊烷是气体。

Tertatolol is a thiochromane.

3,4-二甲氧基苯乙胺（英語：3,4-Dimethoxyphenethylamine，缩写DMPEA）是一种有机化合物，分子式C10H15NO2，和3-甲氧基酪胺一样都可以看作是神经递质多巴胺的同系物，其3号位和4号位的羟基被甲氧基取代，最早由A. Pictet和M. Finkelstein从香草醛合成。

Epimestrol (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name, USANTooltip United States Adopted Name, BANTooltip British Approved Name) (brand names Alene, Stimovul; former developmental code name ORG-817), also known as 3-methoxy-17-epiestriol, is a synthetic, steroidal estrogen and an estrogen ether and prodrug of 17-epiestriol. It has been used as a component of ovulation induction in combination with gonadotropin-releasing hormone.

马鞭草烯醇（英语：verbenol），又称2-蒎烯-4-醇（英语：2-pine-4-ol）是一种双环单萜醇，化学式：C10H16O。是生物活性分子存在于植物精油和昆虫信息素中。

Octadec-1-ene is an octadecene with unsaturation at C-1.

3α,5α-四氢皮质酮（英語：3α,5α-Tetrahydrocorticosterone，缩写3α,5α-THB，或简称为四氢皮质酮，tetrahydrocorticosterone，THB，THCC）是一种有机化合物，化学式为C21H34O4，是一种内源性的糖皮质激素。

Ethyl gallate is a food additive with E number E313. It is the ethyl ester of gallic acid. Ethyl gallate is added to food as an antioxidant. Though found naturally in a variety of plant sources including walnuts Terminalia myriocarpa or chebulic myrobolan (Terminalia chebula), ethyl gallate is produced from gallic acid and ethanol. It can be found in wine.

阿米卡星（英語：Amikacin）是一種抗生素藥物，用於治療多種病原細菌感染,包括敗血性關節炎、腹腔內感染、腦膜炎、肺炎、敗血症和泌尿道感染。它也用於治療多重抗藥性結核病。此藥物經由靜脈注射、肌肉注射及口部吸入方式使用。 阿米卡星與其他胺基糖苷類藥物一樣，會導致聽力損失、身體平衡問題和腎功能衰竭。其他的副作用有癱瘓（導致無法呼吸）。如果個體在懷孕期間使用，出生的後代可能會永久性失聰。阿米卡星是透過阻斷細菌30S核糖體亞基的功能，使其無法產生蛋白質而發揮作用。

Endosulfan is a cyclic sulfite ester that is 1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepine 3-oxide substituted by chloro groups at positions 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 10. It has a role as a GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist, an acaricide, an agrochemical and a persistent organic pollutant. It is a cyclodiene organochlorine insecticide and a cyclic sulfite ester.

环丙醇（英語：Cyclopropanol）化学式C3H6O，包含一个环丙基和一个羟基。它可以由乙基溴化镁和环氧氯丙烷的反应合成，而其衍生物则能通过库林科维奇反应制备。环丙醇由于三元环的张力很不稳定，易开环生成丙醛。因此环丙醇可作为烯醇化丙醛的合成子。环丙醇还被用来在分子中引入环丙基，合成环丙基酯、磺酸酯和胺。含环丙基的化合物作为潜在抗病毒药物，亦用于蛋白质运输的控制研究。

Coumaphos is an organothiophosphate insecticide, an organic thiophosphate and an organochlorine compound. It has a role as an agrochemical, an acaricide, an antinematodal drug, an avicide and an EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor. It is functionally related to a chlorferron.

其衍生物有较多应用，如二苯并吡嗪是重要的染料，吩嗪以具有抗肿瘤，抗菌和利尿的性质而著称。而 四甲基吡嗪被报道可以捕捉超氧阴离子，并减少人体有粒细胞的氮氧化物产生。

Nojirimycin is a hydroxypiperidine and an amino monosaccharide.

乙酰胺是由乙酸衍生出的酰胺，分子式为CH3CONH2。纯品在室温下为白色晶状固体，可由乙酸铵失水获得。它被用作增塑剂，也是有机合成的重要原料。 乙酰胺并不十分易燃，但燃烧时会放出刺激性的烟雾。吸入、吞食、皮肤及眼部接触均有毒，皮肤和眼部接触可能会造成变红或疼痛。 乙酰胺的衍生物N,N-二甲基乙酰胺（DMA）是乙酰胺氨基的两个氢被甲基取代后形成的化合物，常被用作溶剂；N-甲基乙酰胺则是演示肽键的最简单的例子。 最近绿湾射电天文望远镜（GBT）在银河系中心部分检测到了一些有机化合物，乙酰胺即是其一。由于乙酰胺中含有酰胺键，与连接蛋白质中氨基酸的肽键类似，因此该发现支持了生命是由简单有机化合物演化来的理论。

Homocitric acid is a tricarboxylic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a homocitrate(1-).

6-苄氨基嘌呤（英語：6-Benzylaminopurine，BAP）又称6-苄基腺嘌呤（英語：6-benzyl adenine，BA）是第一代合成細胞分裂素，可通过刺激细胞分裂来诱发植物生长发育反应、开花和果实发育。其为植物呼吸激酶抑制剂，可延长绿色蔬菜的采后保质期。例如，商业中常用包括BAP在内的一众细胞分裂素处理西蓝花和芦笋，使其保鲜期延长。在6±1°C的商业储藏温度下，用10和15 ppm的BAP处理切好的新鲜西兰花和切碎的卷心菜可延长保质期。 BAP由瑞典植物生理学家Folke K. Skoog在实验室中首次合成得到，并测试其作为细胞分裂素的效果。

Cadalene is a sesquiterpene.

氨基磺酸，又叫氨磺酸、磺氨酸，是無色晶體，水溶液呈酸性，化學式為H3NSO3。熔點205℃，可溶於液態氮、乙醇、甲醯胺、丙酮，微溶於甲醇，難溶於醚。

Cefacetrile is a cephalosporin.

椒二醇（英語：Capsidiol），又称辣椒醇，是一种植物抗毒素，属于类萜化合物。其由烟草（Nicotiana tabacum）和辣椒（Capsicum annuum）两种茄科植物产生，并用于应对真菌感染。

Acetyl fluoride is an acyl fluoride that is fluoroethane carrying an oxo group at position 1. It is an acyl fluoride and an organofluorine compound.

佐米曲普坦 （英語：Zolmitriptan）是一种选择性5-HT1激动剂，通过激动颅内血管（包括动静脉吻合处）和三叉神经系统交感神经上的5-HT1B/1D受体，引起颅内血管收缩并抑制前炎症神经肽的释放，从而作为一种治疗偏头痛和丛集性头痛的曲坦类药物。

DCDP is a 2'-deoxycytidine phosphate that is the 2'- deoxy derivative of cytidine 5'-diphosphate (CDP). It has a role as a human metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a mouse metabolite and a Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite. It is a 2'-deoxycytidine phosphate and a pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate. It is functionally related to a CDP. It is a conjugate acid of a dCDP(3-).

二溴甲烷（化學式：CH2Br2），是一种鹵代甲烷。它微溶於水中，易溶於四氯化碳、醚及甲醇。它的折射率為1.5419（20 °C，D）。

Methaqualone is a member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazolin-4-one substituted at positions 2 and 3 by methyl and o-tolyl groups respectively. A depressant that increases the activity of the GABA receptors in the brain and nervous system, it is used as a sedative and hypnotic medication. It became popular as a recreational drug and club drug in the late 1960s and 1970s. It has a role as a GABA agonist and a sedative.

常见副作用包括肌肉痉挛、鼻塞、咳嗽、高鉀血症和贫血。严重副作用包括可能血管性水肿、低血壓和腎功能衰竭。妊娠期间使用可能伤害婴儿 。不建议在哺乳期使用。它属于血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂，會阻断血管紧张素II。 氯沙坦于1986年获得专利，于1995年在美国許得医療使用許可 。名列世界卫生组织基本药物清单。已有學名药流通於市且价格便宜。2017 年，它是美国常用处方药的第九名，处方超过 5100 万张 。 2017 年，一种与氢氯噻嗪併用的药物是美国常用处方药第67名，处方超过 1100 万张 。

Aripiprazole is an N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by a 4-[(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-7-yl)oxy]butyl group at position 1 and by a 2,3-dichlorophenyl group at position 4. It is an antipsychotic drug used for the treatment of Schizophrenia, and other mood disorders. It has a role as a H1-receptor antagonist, a serotonergic agonist, a second generation antipsychotic and a drug metabolite. It is a quinolone, a N-arylpiperazine, a N-alkylpiperazine, a dichlorobenzene, an aromatic ether and a delta-lactam.

四甲基铵阳离子，简称TMA或Me4N+是最简单的季铵阳离子，由四个甲基和中心的氮阳离子组成，和新戊烷是等电子体。它有正电荷，只能在平衡离子存在下才能分离。四甲基铵盐则是这种离子形成的化合物，例如四甲基氯化铵和四甲基氢氧化铵。四甲基铵盐可用于化学合成，并广泛用于药理学研究。

Melanotan II is an organic molecular entity.

美拉諾坦 II（Melanotan II）是一種人工合成的α-黑素細胞刺激激素（α-MSH）類似物，α-MSH屬於肽類激素。 本品在開發期間的目標是作為治療女性性功能障礙和勃起功能障礙的候選藥物，但在2003年停止開發。截至2018年，尚無含有美拉諾坦 II 的產品上市，有關此藥物的藥物開發也都已經停止。 在網路上可以發現許多標榜含有美拉諾坦 II 的無牌商品在市場上流通，被認為是有效的仿曬劑，但有成色不均勻、長新的痣或原有的痣變黑或變大等副作用，因此醫療機構不建議使用。

Fludiazepam, marketed under the brand name Erispan (エリスパン) is a potent benzodiazepine and 2ʹ-fluoro derivative of diazepam, originally developed by Hoffmann-La Roche in the 1960s. It is marketed in Japan and Taiwan. It exerts its pharmacological properties via enhancement of GABAergic inhibition. Fludiazepam has 4 times more binding affinity for benzodiazepine receptors than diazepam. It possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative, hypnotic and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. Fludiazepam has been used recreationally.

三氯蔗糖（英語：Sucralose），俗稱蔗糖素，是英国泰莱公司与伦敦大学共同研制并于1976年申请专利的一种新型人工甜味剂。是唯一以蔗糖为原料的功能性甜味剂，原始商標名稱為Splenda，甜度可达蔗糖的320 - 1000 倍。 这种人工甜味剂具有无熱量，甜度高 ，甜味纯正，安全度高等特点。但蔗糖素在食品的加工過程中可能分解（主因是受熱分解，沸水尚在安全範圍之內），並產生對人體有害的毒性產物。歐盟E編碼為E955。

Captopril is a L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug. It has a role as an EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor and an antihypertensive agent. It is a pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid, a N-acylpyrrolidine, an alkanethiol and a L-proline derivative.

联膦是一种无机化合物，化学式P2H4。这种无色液体是一种含有两个磷原子的磷氢化物。由于杂质联膦，磷化氢会自燃。它受热会分解。

Carvacrol is a phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene. An inhibitor of bacterial growth, it is used as a food additive. Potent activator of the human ion channels transient receptor potential V3 (TRPV3) and A1 (TRPA1). It has a role as a volatile oil component, a flavouring agent, an antimicrobial agent, an agrochemical and a TRPA1 channel agonist. It is a member of phenols, a p-menthane monoterpenoid and a botanical anti-fungal agent. It derives from a hydride of a p-cymene.

丙胺卡因（英語：Prilocaine，/ˈpraɪləˌkeɪn/），分子式C13H20N2O，是一种酰胺类局部麻醉药，商品名有Citanest等。 它可以2-甲基苯胺、2-氯丙酰氯和丙胺为原料反应得到。

Cocaine (from French cocaïne, from Spanish coca, ultimately from Quechua kúka) is a tropane alkaloid that acts as a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. As an extract, it is mainly used recreationally and often illegally for its euphoric and rewarding effects. It is also used in medicine by Indigenous South Americans for various purposes and rarely, but more formally, as a local anaesthetic or diagnostic tool by medical practitioners in more developed countries. It is primarily obtained from the leaves of two Coca species native to South America: Erythroxylum coca and E. novogranatense. After extraction from the plant, and further processing into cocaine hydrochloride (powdered cocaine), the drug is administered by being either snorted, applied topically to the mouth, or dissolved and injected into a vein. It can also then be turned into free base form (typically crack cocaine), in which it can be heated until sublimated and then the vapours can be inhaled. Cocaine stimulates the mesolimbic pathway in the brain. Mental effects may include an intense feeling of happiness, sexual arousal, loss of contact with reality, or agitation. Physical effects may include a fast heart rate, sweating, and dilated pupils. High doses can result in high blood pressure or high body temperature. Onset of effects can begin within seconds to minutes of use, depending on method of delivery, and can last between five and ninety minutes. As cocaine also has numbing and blood vessel constriction properties, it is occasionally used during surgery on the throat or inside of the nose to control pain, bleeding, and vocal cord spasm. Cocaine crosses the blood–brain barrier via a proton-coupled organic cation antiporter and (to a lesser extent) via passive diffusion across cell membranes. Cocaine blocks the dopamine transporter, inhibiting reuptake of dopamine from the synaptic cleft into the pre-synaptic axon terminal; the higher dopamine levels in the synaptic cleft increase dopamine receptor activation in the post-synaptic neuron, causing euphoria and arousal. Cocaine also blocks the serotonin transporter and norepinephrine transporter, inhibiting reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft into the pre-synaptic axon terminal and increasing activation of serotonin receptors and norepinephrine receptors in the post-synaptic neuron, contributing to the mental and physical effects of cocaine exposure. A single dose of cocaine induces tolerance to the drug's effects. Repeated use is likely to result in addiction. Addicts who abstain from cocaine may experience prolonged craving lasting for many months. Abstaining addicts also experience modest drug withdrawal symptoms lasting up to 24 hours, with sleep disruption, anxiety, irritability, crashing, depression, decreased libido, decreased ability to feel pleasure, and fatigue being common. Use of cocaine increases the overall risk of death, and intravenous use potentially increases the risk of trauma and infectious diseases such as blood infections and HIV through the use of shared paraphernalia. It also increases risk of stroke, heart attack, cardiac arrhythmia, lung injury (when smoked), and sudden cardiac death. Illicitly sold cocaine can be adulterated with fentanyl, local anesthetics, levamisole, cornstarch, quinine, or sugar, which can result in additional toxicity. In 2017, the Global Burden of Disease study found that cocaine use caused around 7,300 deaths annually.

氧氟沙星（英語：ofloxacin）也称氟嗪酸，商品名常为泰利必妥（Tarivid），是一种人工合成、广谱抗菌的第三代喹诺酮类（氟喹诺酮）抗菌活性的抗生素。 氧氟沙星合成于1982年，口服易吸收，快而完全，血药浓度高而持久，药物体内分布广。

Chlormerodrin is urea in which one of the hydrogens is substituted by a 3-chloromercury-2-methoxyprop-1-yl group. It was formerly used as a diuretic, but more potent and less toxic drugs are now available. Its radiolabelled ((197)Hg, (203)Hg) forms were used in diagnostic aids in renal imaging and brain scans. It has a role as a diuretic and a diagnostic agent. It is an organomercury compound and a member of ureas.

二氯苯氧氯酚（triclosan）又名三氯生、三氯新、三氯沙，化学名 “2,4,4'-三氯-2'-羟基-二苯醚”，是一种防腐剂和广谱抗菌剂，广泛应用于洗手皂、沐浴露、牙膏、润肤液、除臭剂、洗发剂和许多其他日用化学品之中。

Dichloroacetyl chloride is the acyl chloride obtained by displacement of the hydroxy group of dichloroacetic acid by chloride. It has a role as a hapten. It is functionally related to a dichloroacetic acid.

辛可宁（Cinchonine）是一种提取自正鸡纳树的生物鹼。在有机化学中用于不对称合成，例如其衍生物作为不对称迈克尔加成的催化剂。辛可尼定是其非对映异构体。

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoic acid is a 5-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is 5-oxopentanoic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4 (the 4S-stereoisomer). It has a role as an Escherichia coli metabolite. It is a gamma-amino acid, a 5-oxo monocarboxylic acid and a glutamic semialdehyde. It is functionally related to a valeric acid. It is a conjugate acid of a (S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate. It is a tautomer of a (S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoic acid zwitterion.

西玛津（英語：Simazine，化学名：2-氯-4,6-二(乙基氨基)-1,3,5-三嗪）是一种三嗪类除草剂，用于控制阔叶杂草和一年生杂草的生长，结构上和莠去津（草脱净）类似，都能抑制光合作用。

Rivastigmine is a carbamate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of ethyl(methyl)carbamic acid with the phenolic OH group of 3-[(1S)-1-(dimethylamino)ethyl]phenol. A reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. It has a role as an EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor, a neuroprotective agent and a cholinergic drug. It is a carbamate ester and a tertiary amino compound. It is a conjugate base of a rivastigmine(1+).

正癸（guǐ）烷是化学式为CH3(CH2)8CH3的烷烃，总共有136种异构体，若不计立体异构则为75个，全都是可燃液体。癸烷是汽油的组分之一。与其他烷烃类似，癸烷是非极性分子，不易溶于水之类的极性溶剂中。

Flucytosine, also known as 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC), is an antifungal medication. It is specifically used, together with amphotericin B, for serious Candida infections and cryptococcosis. It may be used by itself or with other antifungals for chromomycosis. Flucytosine is used by mouth and by injection into a vein. Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, loss of appetite, diarrhea, vomiting, and psychosis. Anaphylaxis and other allergic reactions occasionally occur. It is unclear if use in pregnancy is safe for the baby. Flucytosine is in the fluorinated pyrimidine analogue family of medications. It works by being converted into fluorouracil inside the fungus, which impairs its ability to make protein. Flucytosine was first made in 1957. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. As of 2016, in the United States the medication cost about US$2,000 per day while in the United Kingdom it is about US$22 per day. It is not available in much of the developing world.

苯丙酮是一种有机化合物，为无色、有香甜气味的液体，难溶于水，和有机溶剂混溶。

Rofecoxib is a butenolide that is furan-2(5H)-one substituted by a phenyl group at position 3 and by a p-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl group at position 4. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it was used from 1999 to 2004 for the treatment of ostoarthritis, but was withdrawn following concerns about an associated increased risk of heart attack and stroke. It has a role as a cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and an analgesic. It is a sulfone and a butenolide.

鲨肝醇（英語：Batyl alcohol），别名鳊二醇，是一种有机化合物，化学式为C21H44O3，为白色或微黄色固体，用于化妆品原料。在结构上为硬脂醇（1-十八烷醇）与甘油上一个伯醇羟基脱水生成的单醚。S-鲨肝醇与S-鲛肝醇、S-鲨油醇共同构成某些细胞脂质膜的成分。

Chromic acid is jargon for a solution formed by the addition of sulfuric acid to aqueous solutions of dichromate. It consists at least in part of chromium trioxide. The term chromic acid is usually used for a mixture made by adding concentrated sulfuric acid to a dichromate, which may contain a variety of compounds, including solid chromium trioxide. This kind of chromic acid may be used as a cleaning mixture for glass. Chromic acid may also refer to the molecular species, H2CrO4 of which the trioxide is the anhydride. Chromic acid features chromium in an oxidation state of +6 (and a valence of VI or 6). It is a strong and corrosive oxidizing agent and a moderate carcinogen.

比川九节木定碱（英語：Psychotridine），简称九节定，是存在于一些九节属植物中的生物碱，包括P. colorata、P. forsteriana、P. lyciiflora、 P. oleoides和P. beccarioides。其具有镇痛作用，为非竞争性NMDA受体拮抗剂，在体外能抑制地佐环平与皮质膜结合，且这种抑制作用具有剂量依赖性。

Enflurane is an ether in which the oxygen atom is connected to 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl and difluoromethyl groups. It has a role as an anaesthetic. It is an organofluorine compound, an organochlorine compound and an ether. It is functionally related to a methoxyethane.

恩氟醚（英語：Enflurane，系統命名法名稱(2-氯-1,1,2-三氟乙基)二氟甲基醚），是一種鹵代醚麻醉藥，適用於全身麻醉。本藥由罗斯·特雷尔（Robert Terrell）於1963年發明並於三年後首次投入臨床使用。1970和80年代是本藥使用的高峰期，及後因發現可致嚴重副作用和替代品的出現而被逐漸淘汰 。恩氟醚是異氟醚的結構異構體，常溫下是容易揮發的液體。

Cymarin is a cardenolide glycoside.

琥珀酸半醛（SSA）是一种γ-氨基丁酸代谢物，由γ-氨基丁酸在γ-氨基丁酸转氨酶的作用下反应，再氧化生成琥珀酸，进入三羧酸循环中生成。

Ketotifen is an antihistamine medication and a mast cell stabilizer used to treat allergic conditions such as conjunctivitis, asthma, and urticaria (hives). Ketotifen is available in ophthalmic (eye drops or drug-eluting contact lenses) and oral (tablets or syrup) forms: the ophthalmic form relieves eye itchiness and irritation associated with seasonal allergies, while the oral form helps prevent systemic conditions such as asthma attacks and allergic reactions. In addition to treating allergies, ketotifen has shown efficacy in managing systemic mast cell diseases such as mastocytosis and mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS), which involve abnormal accumulation or activation of mast cells throughout the body. Ketotifen is also used for other allergic-type conditions like atopic dermatitis (eczema) and food allergies. Ketotifen acts by blocking the H1 histamine receptors, which are found on various cells in the body, such as smooth muscle, endothelium, and nerve cells. This blocking prevents the binding of histamine to these receptors and thus reduces the symptoms of histamine-mediated reactions, such as itching, sneezing, wheezing, and swelling. Ketotifen also prevents the release of histamine and other inflammatory substances from immune cells (mast cells); this action helps reduce symptoms of conditions (including allergic conditions) by blocking the activation of these cells. In addition to its antihistaminic activity, ketotifen also functions as a leukotriene antagonist, which blocks inflammation-causing chemicals known as leukotrienes; it also acts as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor that regulates blood vessel dilation. Ketotifen can have side effects, including drowsiness, weight gain, dry mouth, irritability, increased nosebleeds when taken orally, and temporary burning or stinging sensations in the eyes when used in the ophthalmic form. Ketotifen has contraindications for individuals with certain medical conditions, such as acute porphyrias or epilepsy. Controversies surrounding ketotifen include its classification as a first-generation or second-generation antihistamine due to varying criteria of classification. In 2022, it was the 243rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.

鄰苯二酚（1,2-dihydroxybenzene）也稱兒茶酚（catechol）、焦兒茶酚（pyrocatechol），化学式為C6H4(OH)2，结构是苯的两个鄰位氫被羥基取代後形成的化合物，是水果及蔬菜中通常存在的酚类，属于植物鞣质的成分，在体内可氧化成醌。

Methyl red is an azo dye consisting of benzoic acid substituted at position 2 by a 4-[(dimethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl group. It has a role as a dye. It is a member of azobenzenes, a monocarboxylic acid and a tertiary amino compound. It is a conjugate acid of a methyl red(1-).

泮托拉唑（英語：Pantoprazole，常用商品名有：Somac、Tecta、Pantoloc、Controloc、Panprax、Pansiv、Protium、Prazolin、Protonix、Pantecta、Pantoheal、Pantpas、Ppi-40以及Neoppi等）是一种质子泵抑制剂药物，抑制胃酸分泌。

Aminocarb is a carbamate ester that is phenyl methylcarbamate substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4 and a methyl group at position 3. It has a role as a carbamate insecticide, an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, a molluscicide, an acaricide and an agrochemical. It is a carbamate ester and a member of toluenes. It is functionally related to a methylcarbamic acid.

胡莫柳酯（英語：Homosalate）是一种酯类有机化合物，化学式C16H22O3，能由水楊酸和3,3,5-三甲基环己醇通过费歇尔酯化反应合成，可吸收紫外线而用作防曬乳。

6-Hydroxyflavone is a hydroxyflavonoid.

碘酸（化学式：HIO3）比溴酸和氯酸稳定，可以呈晶体状态存在，110℃分解同时有一部分脱水形成三碘酸（HI3O8），195℃脱水成五氧化二碘（I2O5），易溶于水，为强氧化剂及强酸。

Myristicin is an organic molecular entity. It has a role as a metabolite.

双氯西林（Dicloxacillin）是一种半合成的β-内酰胺类抗生素，属于耐酶的半合成青霉素类抗生素，主要治疗由革兰氏阳性菌感染引发的疾病。双氯西林有多种商品名，比如百时美施贵宝生产的双氯西林商品名是“Diclocil”。

Protriptyline is a carbotricyclic compound. It has a role as an antidepressant. It derives from a hydride of a dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene.

普萘洛尔於1964年發現。本品列名於世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单，為基礎公衛體系必備藥物之一。本品屬於通用名药物。2014年，在发展中国家每月劑量的價格在 0.24 至 2.16 美金之間。在美國每月劑量則約為 15 美金。

Isophorone is a cyclic ketone, the structure of which is that of cyclohex-2-en-1-one substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. It has a role as a solvent and a plant metabolite. It is a cyclic ketone and an enone.

硼氢化物是一类含有BH4−离子的化合物。硼氢化物无论对于无机物的制备还是有机物的合成都是非常重要的试剂。关于硼氢化物的制备可以参见文献。

Dimetridazole is a C-nitro compound that is 5-nitroimidazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 2 are replaced by methyl groups. An antiprotozoal drug, it has been banned by both the Government of Canada and the European Union as a livestock feed additive owing to suspicions of it being carcinogenic. It has a role as an antiprotozoal drug and an antiparasitic agent. It is a C-nitro compound and a member of imidazoles.

矮壮素（英語：Chlormequat chloride，简称：CCC）是一种农药，又名稻麦立。

Galegine is a toxic chemical compound that has been isolated from Galega officinalis. It has also been found to be the principal cause of the toxicity of poison sedge (Schoenus asperocarpus). Galegine was used in the 1920s as a pharmaceutical treatment for diabetes; however, because of its toxicity, its use was soon supplanted by superior alternatives. Research on galegine eventually led to the development of metformin which is used today for treatment of type 2 diabetes.

甲基环戊烷（英語：Methylcyclopentane）是一种有机化合物，化学式为C5H9CH3，是环戊烷的单甲基衍生物，常温常压下为无色液体，易燃，有微弱臭味。

Indeloxazine (INN) (Elen, Noin) is an antidepressant and cerebral activator that was marketed in Japan and South Korea by Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd for the treatment of psychiatric symptoms associated with cerebrovascular diseases, namely depression resulting from stroke, emotional disturbance, and avolition. It was marketed from 1988 to 1998, when it was removed from the market reportedly for lack of effectiveness. Indeloxazine acts as a serotonin releasing agent, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, and NMDA receptor antagonist. It has been found to enhance acetylcholine release in the rat forebrain through activation of the 5-HT4 receptor via its action as a serotonin releasing agent. The drug has been found to possess nootropic, neuroprotective, anticonvulsant, and antidepressant-like effects in animal models.

羅丹明6G是具高螢光性質的羅丹明家族染料之一。其經常被用做觀察水中流速、水流方向和傳遞的追蹤染劑。因為羅丹明類的染料具有螢光性質，故以不昂貴的方式也就是螢光計便能簡易偵測。羅丹明類染料已被廣泛運用在生物科技中，例如螢光顯微鏡、流式細胞術、螢光相關光譜和酵素結合免疫吸附分析法（ELISA）。 羅丹明6G也被用作雷射染料，或其中的介質。羅丹明6G具有很高的光穩定性，高螢光亮子產率(0.95)，又低成本。且其最大放光波長很接近其最大吸收值（約530納米），羅丹明6G放光波長範圍落在555到585納米，最大強度約落在566納米。 羅丹明6G以三種常見的形式存在。其鹽酸鹽是紅棕色的粉末，化學式可表示為C27H29ClN2O3。這種形式的羅丹明6G易溶於許多溶劑，除了不鏽鋼外，對大部分金屬都具有很強的腐蝕性。其他形式較不易溶於溶劑，但腐蝕性也較弱。羅丹明6G的高氯酸鹽（C27H29ClN2O7）外觀是紅色晶體，而羅丹明6G的四氟硼酸鹽（C27H29BF4N2O3）則是栗色晶體。

Lunularin is a dihydrostilbenoid found in common celery. It has also been found in the roots of Hydrangea macrophylla. A lunularic acid decarboxylase has been detected from the liverwort Conocephalum conicum. It converts lunularic acid into lunularin.

該藥品於1981年在美國批准用於醫療用途，現已有通用名藥物上市。截至2019年，每月劑量在英國公醫（NHS）的採購藥價約7.46英鎊。2018年，美國的每月劑量批發價約4.53美元。2016年，它是美國第24大處方用藥，單年處方超過2500萬筆 。

Midodrine is an aromatic ether that is 1,4-dimethoxybenzene which is substituted at position 2 by a 2-(glycylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with selective alpha-adrenergic agonist activity, it is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a peripheral vasoconstrictor in the treatment of certain hypotensive states. The main active moiety is its major metabolite, deglymidodrine. It has a role as a prodrug, an alpha-adrenergic agonist, a sympathomimetic agent and a vasoconstrictor agent. It is a secondary alcohol, an amino acid amide and an aromatic ether. It is functionally related to a glycinamide and a deglymidodrine. It is a conjugate base of a midodrine(1+).

维生素A1（英語：Retinol）又称为视黄醇是維生素A的動物形式之一，它是一個二萜和醇的結構，它可以轉換為其他形式的維生素A，並且以醇的衍生物視黃酯充當動物中維生素的儲存形式。 當轉換為視黃醛的形式，維生素A對視力是必不可少的，當轉換成視黃酸對皮膚健康、牙齒礦化和骨骼生長所必需。這些化學化合物統稱為類維生素A，並具有全反式視黃醇作為其結構的一個結構基序的共同特徵。在結構上類維生素A還具有一個β–紫羅蘭酮環和不飽和側鏈，與任一醇、醛、羧酸基或酯基。側鏈由四個類異戊二烯單元組成，以一系列可能存在於反式或順式構型的共軛雙鍵。 它是人体必需的13种维生素之一，是一种脂溶性抗氧化剂，在人体中可以维持视力并且促进骨骼成长。 維生素A並非單一的一種化合物，而是有許多不同的型態。动物能将胡萝卜素在体内转化为维生素A贮藏在肝脏中；通常是以醇類的方式存在，稱作視黃醇，活性也是最高；但也有一些屬於醛類，稱作視黃醛；另外還有一些屬於酸類，稱作視黃酸。 視黃醇與視黃醛主要掌管桿細胞的視覺循環，而視黃酸主要是掌管人體內上皮組織分化有關，因此有些視黃酸衍伸物（俗稱的A酸）常用於皮膚疾病上的治療，另外有一種稱作視黃酯，其為人體內儲存脂溶性維他命A的主要型式。

Biphenyl is a benzenoid aromatic compound that consists of two benzene rings connected by a single covalent bond. Biphenyl occurs naturally in coal tar, crude oil, and natural gas. Formerly used as a fungicide for citrus crops. It has a role as an antimicrobial food preservative and an antifungal agrochemical. It is a member of benzenes, an aromatic fungicide and a member of biphenyls.

育亨宾（英語：Yohimbine）是一种温和的单胺氧化酶抑制剂，并具有壮阳与兴奋剂功效。它作为治疗性功能障碍的医用處方藥销售。育亨宾也是携带α2A肾上腺素受体基因多态性的人类与动物模型的2型糖尿病治疗的探索药物。 育亨宾的商品名有：Erex、Testomar、Yocon、Yohimar、Yohimbe等。

Bombykol is a long-chain primary fatty alcohol. It has a role as a pheromone.

仲丁威（英語：fenobucarb，2-sec-Butylphenyl N-methylcarbamate，缩写BPMC）化学式C12H17NO2，是一种氨基甲酸酯类的杀虫剂。

Cyanuric acid or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triol is a chemical compound with the formula (CNOH)3. Like many industrially useful chemicals, this triazine has many synonyms. This white, odorless solid finds use as a precursor or a component of bleaches, disinfectants, and herbicides. In 1997, worldwide production was 160 000 tonnes.

异丁醇（IUPAC名：2-甲基-1-丙醇）(2-Methyl-1-Propanol) 是一种无色易燃，有特殊气味的有机化合物。其异构体为正丁醇、仲丁醇和叔丁醇。它被列为醇类，因此，它被广泛用作化学反应的溶剂，同时也是有机合成的一个有用的原料。異丁醇 isobutanol 又稱 isobutyl alcohol 為同義詞。

Phthalic acid is a benzenedicarboxylic acid cosisting of two carboxy groups at ortho positions. It has a role as a human xenobiotic metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a phthalate(1-).

丙酮也稱作二甲基酮，或称醋酮、木酮，是最简单的酮。化學式CH3COCH3。常温常压下為一種有薄荷气味的無色可燃液體。

Oxalosuccinic acid is a tricarboxylic acid consisting of 2-oxoglutaric acid having a further carboxy group at the 3-position. It is a substrate of the citric acid cycle. It has a role as a fundamental metabolite. It is functionally related to a 2-oxoglutaric acid. It is a conjugate acid of an oxalatosuccinate(3-).

吲哚-3-乙酸（英語：indole-3-acetic acid），简称吲哚乙酸（英語：indoleacetic acid），又稱萮乙酸，缩写为IAA，是一种杂环化合物。它属于一类重要的植物激素——生长素。这种无色的固体很可能是最重要的植物生长素。它是吲哚的衍生物，是在吲哚环上加上羧甲基后得到的物质。

Lansoprazole is a member of benzimidazoles, a member of pyridines and a sulfoxide. It has a role as an EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor and an anti-ulcer drug.

甲基睪酮 是一種合成的有口服活性的類固醇雄激素。它常被非法的用于强化运动员或健美身体机能。该药在发现睪酮后很快于1935年就被合成了，是最早的合成类固醇之一。由于种种原因，甲基睪酮不像别的类固醇那么普遍使用，但至今仍作为一种医疗药物使用。

Hernandulcin is a sesquiterpenoid.

甜舌草素（英語：Hernandulcin，缩写HE），音译：荷南度辛。是一种倍半萜，化学式：C15H24O2。最早在原产于墨西哥和南美洲的甜牛至木（甜舌草、学名：Lippia dulcis）中发现，是一种甜味物质。