sent1
stringlengths 23
5.09k
| sent2
stringlengths 13
889
| labels
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|
Emetine is a drug used as both an anti-protozoal and to induce vomiting. It is produced from the ipecac root. It takes its name from its emetic properties. | 異丙苯氫過氧化物是一种有机化合物，其示性式为C6H5C(CH3)2OOH。異丙苯氫過氧化物在常溫常壓下為一种油状液体，屬於有机氢过氧化物。 異丙苯氫過氧化物的分解产物是甲基苯乙烯、苯乙酮和2-苯基-2-丙醇。
異丙苯氫過氧化物是通过用氧气处理异丙苯進行自氧化反应而产生的。在温度 >100 °C 时，氧气通过液态异丙苯的反應式如下：
C6H5(CH3)2CH + O2 → C6H5(CH3)2COOH | 0 |
Acrylic acid (IUPAC: prop-2-enoic acid) is an organic compound with the formula CH2=CHCOOH. It is the simplest unsaturated carboxylic acid, consisting of a vinyl group connected directly to a carboxylic acid terminus. This colorless liquid has a characteristic acrid or tart smell. It is miscible with water, alcohols, ethers, and chloroform. More than a million tons are produced annually. | 溴隱亭（英語：Bromocriptine）是一種多巴胺受體激動劑，屬於麥角靈的衍生物。可用於控制因腦部問題而產生乳汁的患者。 | 0 |
Nevirapine is a dipyridodiazepine that is 5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepine which is substituted by methyl, oxo, and cyclopropyl groups at positions 4, 6, and 11, respectively. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV-1, it is used in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV infection. It has a role as an antiviral drug and a HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is a dipyridodiazepine and a member of cyclopropanes. | 环己巴比妥(Hexobarbital、hexobarbitone)是一种具有镇静和催眠效果的巴比妥衍生物。在20世纪40至50年代用于外科手术麻醉，因为它起效快、催睡时间短并且代谢迅速。但使用环己巴比妥很难控制麻醉的深度，故有时非常危险。现时采用的麻醉药物更加安全，在巴比妥类药物中，戊硫代巴比妥代替了环己巴比妥。但有时巴比妥仍被用于科学研究中。 | 0 |
Camphorsulfonic acid is a sulfonic acid containing the camphorsulfonate anion. It is functionally related to a camphor. It is a conjugate acid of a camphorsulfonate anion. | 碘化丙锭（英語：Propidium iodide，缩写PI），是一种能结合DNA的菲啶类荧光染料，广泛应用于流式細胞術，在游离状态下激发峰在495nm，发射峰在519nm，在结合DNA后，荧光的量子产率增强20到30倍，激发峰和发射峰分别迁移到535nm和617nm。 | 0 |
Biotin is an organic heterobicyclic compound that consists of 2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazole having a valeric acid substituent attached to the tetrahydrothiophene ring. The parent of the class of biotins. It has a role as a prosthetic group, a coenzyme, a nutraceutical, a human metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a mouse metabolite, a cofactor and a fundamental metabolite. It is a member of biotins and a vitamin B7. It is a conjugate acid of a biotinate. | 塞奥罗奈（INN：cioteronel；开发代号：CPC-10997）是一种从未上市的非甾体抗雄激素（NSAA）。该药物于1989年至2001年间开发，用于局部治疗雄激素性脱发（男性型秃发）和痤疮，以及口服治疗良性前列腺增生；该药物在痤疮的治疗上进入了III期临床试验，在雄激素性脱发的治疗上进入了II期临床试验，但最终由于疗效不佳而被停止开发。 | 0 |
Resorcinol is a natural product found in Dothiorella vidmadera, Maclura pomifera, and other organisms with data available. | 2-甲基-2-丁烯是一种烯烃，化学式C5H10。它可用作芳香烃的叔丁基化试剂。
英国医学家约翰·斯诺在1840年代尝试将2-甲基-2-丁烯用作麻醉剂，但由于未知原因停止使用。 | 0 |
Phentermine, sold under the brand name Adipex-P among others, is a medication used together with diet and exercise to treat obesity. It is available by itself or as the combination phentermine/topiramate.
Common side effects include a fast heart beat, high blood pressure, trouble sleeping, dizziness, and restlessness. Serious side effects may include abuse, but do not include pulmonary hypertension or valvular heart disease, as the latter were caused by the fenfluramine component of the fen-phen drug combination. It works mainly as an appetite suppressant, likely as a result of being a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. Chemically, phentermine is a substituted amphetamine.
Phentermine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1959. It is available as a generic medication. In 2022, it was the 149th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions. Phentermine was withdrawn from the market in the United Kingdom in 2000, while the combination medication fen-phen, of which it was a part, was withdrawn from the market in 1997 due to side effects of fenfluramine. | 萘氮芥（英語：Chlornaphazine）是一种氮芥类化疗药物，属于2-萘胺的衍生物。它在20世纪50年代被研制出来，并用于治疗红细胞增多症和霍奇金氏病。 但是，在接受萘氮芥治疗的病人中膀胱癌的高发生率使得它不再被使用。 | 0 |
Cadaverine is an alkane-alpha,omega-diamine comprising a straight-chain pentane core with amino substitutents at positions 1 and 5. A colourless syrupy liquid diamine with a distinctive unpleasant odour, it is a homologue of putresceine and is formed by the bacterial decarboxylation of lysine that occurs during protein hydrolysis during putrefaction of animal tissue. It is also found in plants such as soyabean. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a Daphnia magna metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a conjugate base of a cadaverine(2+). | 尸胺（cadaverine），又称1,5-戊二胺（1,5-pentanediamine）、1,5-二氨基戊烷（pentamethylenediamine）、五亚甲基二胺或尸毒素，分子式为NH2(CH2)5NH2，是一种在动物身体组织腐烂时由蛋白质水解产生的具有腐臭气味的化合物，常温下为浆状液体，深度冷冻可凝固结晶。尸胺在空气中发烟，能形成二水合物。
与腐胺类似，尸胺也是一种具有一定的毒性的二胺。 | 1 |
Coumalic acid is a pyranone. | 乙酸正己酯，又称乙酸己酯，分子式C8H18O2，是一種芳香味化合物。 | 0 |
Leflunomide, sold under the brand name Arava among others, is an immunosuppressive disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD), used in active moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. It is a pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor that works by inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. | 鼠尾草酚（英語：Carnosol）是一种酚类二萜，化学式C20H26O4。鼠尾草酚和鼠尾草酸是抗氧化剂和防腐剂“迷迭香提取物”（"extracts of rosemary"，E编码E392）的主要活性成分。 | 0 |
Allantoic acid is a member of the class of ureas that consists of acetic acid in which the two methyl hydrogens are replaced by carbamoylamino groups respectively. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of an allantoate. | 靛酚（英語：Indophenol）是一种有机化合物，化学式为OC6H4NC6H4OH。它是深蓝色染料，是贝特洛试剂的产物，这是氨的常见测试。 | 0 |
Ritonavir is an L-valine derivative that is L-valinamide in which alpha-amino group has been acylated by a [(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]methylcarbamoyl group and in which a hydrogen of the carboxamide amino group has been replaced by a (2R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl group. A CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver. It has a role as an antiviral drug, a HIV protease inhibitor, an environmental contaminant and a xenobiotic. It is a member of 1,3-thiazoles, a L-valine derivative, a carbamate ester, a member of ureas and a carboxamide. | 硫代硫酸是一種硫含氧酸。如硫酸分子之中一個氧原子被硫原子取代，即成硫代硫酸分子。
硫代硫酸於水中會迅速分解，其分解產物視乎環境可包括硫、二氧化硫、硫化氫、多硫化氢、硫酸及连多硫酸盐等。 | 0 |
Trimethyl borate is a member of the class of borate esters obtained by the formal condensation of three equivalents of methanol with boric acid. | 二甲基三硫（缩写：DMTS）是一种有机化合物，化学式为CH3S3CH3，它是最简单的有机三硫化物。它是具有恶臭气味的可燃液体，其含量在万亿分之一时便可以被检测到。 | 0 |
L-phenylalanine is the L-enantiomer of phenylalanine. It has a role as a nutraceutical, a micronutrient, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, a plant metabolite, an algal metabolite, a mouse metabolite, a human xenobiotic metabolite and an EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor. It is an erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid, a proteinogenic amino acid, a phenylalanine and a L-alpha-amino acid. It is a conjugate base of a L-phenylalaninium. It is a conjugate acid of a L-phenylalaninate. It is an enantiomer of a D-phenylalanine. It is a tautomer of a L-phenylalanine zwitterion. | 异喹啉（英語：Isoquinoline）是由萘中的一个 β-CH 基团被氮替换衍生出来的杂环化合物，与喹啉互为同分异构体，有芳香性。 | 0 |
Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species. It belongs to a group of steroid hormones called the progestogens and is the major progestogen in the body. Progesterone has a variety of important functions in the body. It is also a crucial metabolic intermediate in the production of other endogenous steroids, including the sex hormones and the corticosteroids, and plays an important role in brain function as a neurosteroid.
In addition to its role as a natural hormone, progesterone is also used as a medication, such as in combination with estrogen for contraception, to reduce the risk of uterine or cervical cancer, in hormone replacement therapy, and in feminizing hormone therapy. It was first prescribed in 1934. | 環丙烷是環烷烴分子的一種，其分子式為C3H6，代表它有3個環狀連結的碳原子，每個碳原子另和兩個氫原子連結。由於碳原子鍵之間的角度在幾何上僅60°(而實際上碳原子鍵之間的角度為105.5°，稱為香蕉鍵)，比正常的109.5°低，因此這種化合物很不穩定，比其他烷要活躍。 | 0 |
2-Acetylthiophene is an aromatic ketone. | 乌头酸（英語：Aconitic acid）是一种有机酸，其两种异构体分别是顺乌头酸与反乌头酸。顺乌头酸的共轭碱，顺乌头酸盐是三羧酸循环中柠檬酸盐异构化为异柠檬酸盐的中间产物。这一步骤的催化酶是顺乌头酸酶。
(HO2CCH2)2COH(CO2H) → HO2CCH=C(CO2H)CH2CO2H + H2O | 0 |
Prometon is a herbicide for annual and perennial broad-leaf weed, brush and grass control mainly in non-cropping situations. | L-前酪氨酸（英語：L-Arogenic acid，共轭碱为：Arogenate）是一种含氮化合物，分子式C10H13NO5，属于α-氨基酸，在生理pH下，以共轭碱的形式存在，是部分植物与细菌苯丙氨酸与酪氨酸生物合成的中间体。 | 0 |
Eflornithine is a fluoroamino acid that is ornithine substituted by a difluoromethyl group at position 2. It has a role as a trypanocidal drug. It is a fluoroamino acid and an alpha-amino acid. It is functionally related to an ornithine. | 滅蟻樂（Mirex）又稱滅蟻靈，是有機氯殺蟲劑的一種，為白色結晶狀固體，熔點約為485℃。滅蟻樂具有中度毒性，對於老鼠的口服LD50值為300-600mg/kg。它對於火蟻、蜈蚣、蛞蝓、蝸牛和馬陸特別有效。
該殺蟲劑受斯德哥爾摩公約管制。 | 0 |
Oxymatrine is a natural product found in Sophora macrocarpa, Sophora chrysophylla, and other organisms with data available. | 魚藤酮（Rotenone），又稱毒魚藤（Tubatoxin），是一種無色、無味的，酮類結晶化合物。可從多種豆科及藤本植物（例如：魚藤）的種子、莖部和根部提取，是一種天然的廣譜殺蟲劑。
是魚藤根中的主要有效殺蟲成分，具有殺蟲譜廣、不污染環境和不易產生耐藥性等特點。 | 0 |
Disulfoton is an organic thiophosphate that is the diethyl ester of S-[2-(ethylsulfanyl)ethyl] dihydrogen phosphorodithioate. It has a role as an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, an acaricide and an agrochemical. It is an organic thiophosphate and an organothiophosphate insecticide. | 乙拌磷是一种有机磷酸酯乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂，用作杀虫剂。 它由拜耳公司以 Di-Syston 为名生产。 纯净的二磺磷是一种无色油，但用于蔬菜田的技术产品呈深色、淡黄色，并带有硫磺气味。 | 1 |
N-Methylformamide (NMF) is a colorless, nearly odorless, organic compound and secondary amide with molecular formula CH3NHCHO, which is a liquid at room temperature. NMF is mainly used as a reagent in various organic syntheses with limited applications as a highly polar solvent.
NMF is closely related to other formamides, notably formamide and dimethylformamide (DMF). However, industrial use and production of NMF are far less than for either of these other formamides. DMF is favored over NMF as a solvent due to its greater stability. Annual production of NMF can be assumed to be significantly less than the production of either formamide (100,000 tons) or DMF (500,000 tons). | 甲基甲酰胺是一种有机化合物，化学式为C2H5NO。它存在两种主要的共振体：
甲基甲酰胺可由甲胺的羰基化反应制得。它和乙酰丙酸加热反应，可以得到1,5-二甲基-2-吡咯烷酮。 | 1 |
Zingerone is a methyl ketone that is 4-phenylbutan-2-one in which the phenyl ring is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by methoxy and hydroxy groups respectively. The major pungent component in ginger. It has a role as an antioxidant, an anti-inflammatory agent, a radiation protective agent, an antiemetic, a flavouring agent, a fragrance and a plant metabolite. It is a member of phenols, a monomethoxybenzene and a methyl ketone. | 棕榈酸鲸蜡酯或系统名十六烷酸十六烷酯是由十六烷酸和1-十六烷醇衍生的酯。这种白色蜡状固体是鲸蜡的主要成分，鲸蜡是在抹香鲸头骨中发现的曾经非常珍贵的蜡。棕榈酸鲸蜡酯是部分固体脂质纳米粒的组成部分。
石珊瑚的组织中含有大量的棕榈酸鲸蜡酯，这可能在一定程度上起到拒食作用。 | 0 |
Pipecolic acid is a piperidinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is located at position C-2. It is a conjugate acid of a pipecolate. | 毒蕈碱（英語：muscarine，muscarin）是一种有毒的天然生物碱，主要存在于丝盖伞属和杯伞属的真菌中，例如白霜杯傘。粉褶蕈属和小菇属的真菌中也有发现含有达到摄入中毒剂量的物种。牛肝菌屬、湿伞属、乳菇属和红菇属的真菌也发现无害的微量毒蕈碱。有些真菌的毒蕈碱含量可变，例如毒蠅傘，通常占鲜重的0.0003%，相比之下，丝盖伞属和杯伞属的真菌毒蕈碱含量可达1.6%。毒蕈碱是一种非选择性的蕈毒鹼型乙醯膽鹼受體的激动剂。 | 0 |
Acecarbromal is a N-acylurea. | 甘氨酸（英語：Glycine，简写为Gly或G），即胺基乙酸，是20个蛋白氨基酸中分子量最小的一个。它是白色或浅黄色晶体，易溶于水，有甜味。甘氨酸的侧键是一个氢原子。甘氨酸的α碳连接两个氢原子，無不對稱碳，故无旋光异构体。由于甘氨酸的侧键非常小，它可以占据其它氨基酸无法占据的空间，比如作为胶原螺旋内的氨基酸。
在一些蛋白质中（比如细胞色素、肌红蛋白和血红蛋白）它随着进化的演变变化相当小，因为假如一个比较大的氨基酸取代它的话整个蛋白质的结构就会变化，所以在蛋白質裡甘氨酸一般都在固定的位置，反而不會被其他氨基酸所取代。
大多数蛋白质只含少量甘氨酸，膠原蛋白是一个重要的例外，它含三分之一的甘氨酸。 | 0 |
Acenaphthylene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is an ortho- and peri-fused tricyclic hydrocarbon. The molecule resembles naphthalene with positions 1 and 8 connected by a -CH=CH- unit. It is a yellow solid. Unlike many polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, it has no fluorescence. | 甘草酸（Glycyrrhizic acid 或 glycyrrhizinic acid）又称甘草皂苷、甘草甜素（Glycyrrhizin），是甘草（Glycyrrhiza glabra）根的主要甜味成分；在结构上是一种皂苷。可用作食品和化妆品中的乳化剂和凝胶形成剂。其糖苷配基是甘草次酸，在日本被用于降低慢性丙型肝炎患者患肝癌的风险的前体药物。 | 0 |
Barium nitrate is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ba(NO3)2. It, like most barium salts, is colorless, toxic, and water-soluble. It burns with a green flame and is an oxidizer; the compound is commonly used in pyrotechnics. | 倍他唑（英語：Betazole或 ametazole，盐酸盐称为gastramine或histalog）是一种含氮有机化合物，化学式C5H9N3，属于組胺H2受體（H2受体）的激动剂，能用作胃刺激剂。 | 0 |
Rubidium chloride is an inorganic chloride composed of rubidium and chloride ions in a 1:1 ratio. It has a role as an antidepressant and a biomarker. It is a rubidium molecular entity and an inorganic chloride. | 环戊烷（分子式：C5H10）是五个碳的环烷烃。室温下为无色澄清高度易燃的液体，有类似汽油的气味。难溶于水，溶于苯、醇、醚、四氯化碳等多数有机溶剂中。熔点-94°C，沸点49°C。
环戊烷由德国化学家约翰内斯·维斯利克纳斯于1893年首次合成。 | 0 |
Domperidone, sold under the brand name Motilium among others, is a dopamine antagonist medication which is used to treat nausea and vomiting and certain gastrointestinal problems like gastroparesis (delayed gastric emptying). It raises the level of prolactin in the human body and is used off label to induce and promote breast milk production. It may be taken by mouth or rectally.
Side effects may include headache, anxiety, dry mouth, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and elevated prolactin levels. Secondary to increased prolactin levels, breast changes, milk outflow, menstrual irregularities, and hypogonadism can occur. Domperidone may also cause QT prolongation and has rarely been associated with serious cardiac complications such as sudden cardiac death. However, the risks are small and occur more with high doses. Domperidone acts as a peripherally selective antagonist of the dopamine D2 and D3 receptors. Due to its low entry into the brain, the side effects of domperidone are different from those of other dopamine receptor antagonists like metoclopramide and it produces little in the way of central nervous system adverse effects. However, domperidone can nonetheless increase prolactin levels as the pituitary gland is outside of the blood–brain barrier.
Domperidone was discovered in 1974 and was introduced for medical use in 1979. It was developed by Janssen Pharmaceutica. Domperidone is available over-the-counter in many countries, for instance in Europe and elsewhere throughout the world. It is not approved for use in the United States. However, it is available in the United States for people with severe and treatment-refractory gastrointestinal motility problems under an expanded access individual-patient investigational new drug application. An analogue of domperidone called deudomperidone is under development for potential use in the United States and other countries. | Foscarnet （膦甲酸），商品名Foscavir，是一种抗病毒药物，主要用于治療疱疹病毒科的病毒感染，屬於焦磷酸類似物DNA聚合酶抑制劑。 膦甲酸是化学式HO2CPO3H2 （膦酰甲酸三钠）的化合物的共軛鹼。 | 0 |
Chloropicrin, also known as PS (from Port Sunlight) and nitrochloroform, is a chemical compound currently used as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial, fungicide, herbicide, insecticide, and nematicide. It was used as a poison gas in World War I and during the Russian Invasion of Ukraine. Its chemical structural formula is Cl3C−NO2. | 在英文中，甘胺酸的發音beta-INE or BEE-tayn顯示其首次被分離和發現的來源，甜菜（英語：sugar beets），而非希臘字母β（beta）。 | 0 |
Mirtazapine, sold under the brand name Remeron among others, is an atypical tetracyclic antidepressant, and as such is used primarily to treat depression. Its effects may take up to four weeks but can also manifest as early as one to two weeks. It is often used in cases of depression complicated by anxiety or insomnia. The effectiveness of mirtazapine is comparable to other commonly prescribed antidepressants. It is taken by mouth.
Common side effects include sleepiness, dizziness, increased appetite and weight gain. Serious side effects may include mania, low white blood cell count, and increased suicide among children. Withdrawal symptoms may occur with stopping. It is not recommended together with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, although evidence supporting the danger of this combination has been challenged. It is unclear if use during pregnancy is safe. How it works is not clear, but it may involve blocking certain adrenergic and serotonin receptors. Chemically, it is a tetracyclic antidepressant, and is closely related to mianserin. It also has strong antihistaminergic effects.
Mirtazapine came into medical use in the United States in 1996. The patent expired in 2004, and generic versions are available. In 2022, it was the 105th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 6 million prescriptions. | 2-戊醇 (IUPAC系統命名) 亦稱為仲戊醇（sec-amyl alcohol），是一種醇類的有機化合物，其化學式為C3H7CH(OH)CH3。它常用來作為有機溶劑或其他化學品的製造的中間體。2-戊醇是許多工業戊醇的一個成分。 | 0 |
Acetoin, also known as 3-hydroxybutanone or acetyl methyl carbinol, is an organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)C(O)CH3. It is a colorless liquid with a pleasant, buttery odor. It is chiral. The form produced by bacteria is (R)-acetoin. | 氯溴甲烷，又称溴氯甲烷、哈龙1011，是一种混合卤代甲烷。它是一种重质粘稠液体，折射率为1.4808。 | 0 |
Vanadyl(IV) sulfate describes a collection of inorganic compounds of vanadium with the formula, VOSO4(H2O)x where 0 ≤ x ≤ 6. The pentahydrate is common. This hygroscopic blue solid is one of the most common sources of vanadium in the laboratory, reflecting its high stability. It features the vanadyl ion, VO2+, which has been called the "most stable diatomic ion".
Vanadyl sulfate is an intermediate in the extraction of vanadium from petroleum residues, one commercial source of vanadium. | 地氟醚（英語：Desflurane），又稱地氟烷，是鹵代醚麻醉藥之一，常用於維持麻醉狀態。和其他鹵代醚麻醉藥一樣，地氟醚是外消旋體。地氟醚和七氟醚正逐步取代異氟醚成為人用全身麻醉藥的首選。由於地氟醚在血液的溶解度低，地氟醚在揮發性麻醉藥之中起效最快，藥力也最快散去。地氟醚的缺點包括藥效較弱、氣味刺鼻及成本較高。在經濟欠發達地區，地氟醚礙於成本而未能推廣。但對於低通氣量的應用情景，地氟醚和異氟醚的成本差異似乎微不足道。當以大於體積分數10%的劑量施用時，地氟醚有可能引致心跳過速和刺激呼吸道，故地氟醚甚少用於誘導麻醉。
地氟醚的揮發性很強，但在室溫下仍然是種液體。兼容地氟醚的麻醉機一般都裝有專門的加熱器，確保地氟醚處於恆溫狀態，避免環境溫度變化而影響輸出濃度。地氟醚和恩氟醚（某程度上異氟醚）已知和麻醉機內的二氧化碳吸收劑反應分解，放出微量但可被偵測的一氧化碳。高風險量等情況下二氧化碳吸收劑較容易失水，這會加劇地氟醚的分解和一氧化碳的生成，尤其是對於二氧化碳吸收劑巴拉林（Baralyme）。 | 0 |
Allylamine is an organic compound with the formula C3H5NH2. This colorless liquid is the simplest stable unsaturated amine. | 匹伐加宾（英語：Pivagabine，商品名：Tonerg，化学名：N-新戊酰-γ-氨基丁酸，N-pivaloyl-γ-aminobutyric acid）是一种有机化合物，分子式C9H17NO3，可用作抗抑郁药和抗焦慮藥。 | 0 |
Phenylbutazone, often referred to as "bute", is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for the short-term treatment of pain and fever in animals.
In the United States and United Kingdom, it is no longer approved for human use (except in the United Kingdom for ankylosing spondylitis), as it can cause severe adverse effects such as suppression of white blood cell production and aplastic anemia. This drug was implicated in the 2013 meat adulteration scandal. Positive phenylbutazone tests in horse meat were uncommon in the UK, however. | 昂丹司瓊（Ondansetron），常見商品名 Zofran，是一種用於減少手術、化療、放射治療後，惡心嘔吐的藥物。亦可用於治療腸胃炎。但對於動暈症幾乎無治療效果。本品可經口服給藥，也可以肌肉注射或靜脈注射使用。 | 0 |
Hexacene is an aromatic compound consisting of six linearly-fused benzene rings. It is a blue-green, air-stable solid with low solubility.
Hexacene is one of a series of linear polycyclic molecules created by such aromatic ring fusions, a series termed acenes; the previous in the series is pentacene (with five fused rings) and the next is heptacene (with seven). It and other acenes and their derivatives have been investigated in potential applications related to organic semiconductors. Like larger acenes, hexacene is poorly soluble, but derivatives have been prepared with improved solubility, such as 6,15-Bis(tri-t-butylsilylethynyl)hexacene, which melts with decomposition at 96 °C. | 鸭嘴花碱（英语：Vasicine或peganine）是一种喹唑啉生物碱。它被发现于鸭嘴花（Adhatoda vasica），并以此命名。它还存在于骆驼蓬中。 | 0 |
Methyl methanesulfonate is a methanesulfonate ester resulting from the formal condensation of methanesulfonic acid with methanol. It has a role as an alkylating agent, a genotoxin, a carcinogenic agent, a mutagen and an apoptosis inducer. | 氟乙酸（英語：Fluoroacetic acid）是一种分子式为CH2FCOOH的化合物。其钠盐，氟乙酸钠被作为杀虫剂。 | 0 |
Deguelin is a rotenone that is 13,13a-dihydro-3H-chromeno[3,4-b]pyrano[2,3-h]chromen-7(7aH)-one substituted by methoxy groups at positions 9 and 10, and by two methyl groups at position 3 (the 7aS,13aS-stereoisomer). It exists in abundant quantities in the bark, roots, and leaves of the Leguminosae family of plants and reported to exert anti-tumour effects in various cancers. It has a role as an apoptosis inducer, an antineoplastic agent, a plant metabolite, an angiogenesis inhibitor, an antiviral agent, a mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor, an anti-inflammatory agent and an EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor. It is a member of rotenones, an aromatic ether, an organic heteropentacyclic compound and a diether. | 邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯（英語：benzyl butyl phthalate，常缩写为BBP、BBzP）是一种邻苯二甲酸酯，邻苯二甲酸、苯甲醇和正丁醇的酯。BBP是一种清澈的液体，化学式为C19H20O4。它主要用作PVC的增塑剂。它被认为是一种有毒物质 。
BBP通常用作聚氯乙烯泡沫（常用作地砖）的增塑剂。其他用途还有道路標筒、食品输送带和人造皮革 。 | 0 |
Cloxacillin is a semisynthetic penicillin antibiotic carrying a 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxamido group at position 6. It has a role as an antibacterial agent and an antibacterial drug. It is a semisynthetic derivative, a penicillin allergen and a penicillin. It is functionally related to an oxacillin. It is a conjugate acid of a cloxacillin(1-). | 蝙蝠葛鹼（英語：Dauricine）又稱作山豆根鹼，是一種鈣通道阻滯藥。它是主要的毒素使北美攀緣植物美國蝙蝠葛(Menispermum canadense)具有毒性（通常會致命）。 | 0 |
2-Hydroxyestradiol (2-OHE2), also known as estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-2,3,17β-triol, is an endogenous steroid, catechol estrogen, and metabolite of estradiol, as well as a positional isomer of estriol. | 庚七醇，是一種天然糖醇 ，含有七个碳原子。它是广泛分布在植物，红藻，真菌，苔藓和地衣中的物质。 它也被发现来自大肠杆菌的脂多糖。在某些较高等的植物中，例如报春花属，庚七醇有几个重要的生理作用。 它充当光合作用产物，韧皮部运输，和储存糖类。
首次發現于1889年，由法国化学家Émile Bourquelot，在多汁乳菇中中分离出来庚七醇的白色结晶物质。 | 0 |
Antimony pentafluoride is an antimony molecular entity and an inorganic fluoride salt. It has a role as a Lewis acid and a NMR solvent. | 咖啡豆醇（英語：Kahweol）是一种二萜类分子，分子式C20H26O3，存在于小果咖啡（学名：Coffea arabica）的咖啡豆中，与咖啡醇密切相关。 | 0 |
4-Methylimidazole (4-MeI or 4-MEI) is a heterocyclic organic chemical compound with molecular formula H3C–C3H3N2 or C4H6N2. It is formally derived from imidazole through replacement of the hydrogen in position 4 by a methyl group. It is a slightly yellowish solid.
4-MeI may be formed in the browning of certain foods through the Maillard reaction between carbohydrates and amino-containing compounds. In particular, it is found in roasted foods, grilled meats, coffee and in types of caramel coloring produced with ammonia-based processes. It may arise also by fermentation. | 阿德福韦酯（adefovir）是一种核苷类似物抗病毒药物，能在抑制逆转录酶，用于治疗乙肝，但不能用于HIV感染。 | 0 |
Methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK, 4-methylpentan-2-one) is an organic compound with the condensed chemical formula (CH3)2CHCH2C(O)CH3. This ketone is a colourless liquid that is used as a solvent for gums, resins, paints, varnishes, lacquers, and nitrocellulose. | 硒吩是一種不飽和有機化合物，它的五元環中含有硒，其化學式為C4H4Se。它是一種金属唑。硒吩跟噻吩相比，硒吩的芳香特性比較小。 | 0 |
Pyrovalerone is an aromatic ketone. | 丙酸甲酯（Methyl propionate），结构式CH3CH2C(O)OCH3。CAS号554-12-1 。 | 0 |
Captodiame is a diarylmethane. | 安非他酮（國際非專利藥品名稱：Bupropion，舊名：amfebutamone） 或盐酸安非他酮，商品名威博雋（Wellbutrin），是一种主要作为抗抑郁药和戒烟药使用的药物、也可用作治療注意力不足過動症的第二線藥品（second-line medication）與中樞神經刺激劑合併使用，或作為中樞神經刺激劑的替代方案。 安非他酮在美国是最常用的抗抑郁药之一，在其他许多英语国家亦是如此。 以商品名载班（Zyban）出售的安非他酮缓释片用作戒烟药使用，并且使用十分广泛。 安非他酮以片剂使用，并且在大部分国家仅可凭处方使用。 在台灣有經衛生福利部食品藥物管理署核准由瑞安大藥廠推出的醫師處方學名藥必博寧（Buporin）。化学上，安非他酮属于氨基酮类化合物。不能用于有過癲癇病史的病人身上，否則會增加癲癇发作的風險。
此藥由Burroughs Wellcome藥廠（葛蘭素史克（GSK）前身）的有機化學暨藥學家納里曼·梅達（Nariman Mehta）於1969年所發明，並於1974年取得美國專利3819706號。 | 0 |
Pentyl butyrate is the butyrate ester of pentan-1-ol. It has a role as a metabolite. It is functionally related to a pentan-1-ol. | 丁香醛（英語：Syringaldehyde）是一种在自然界中广泛存在的微量有机化合物，分子式C9H10O4。某些种类的昆虫如 Scolytus multistriatus在其化学通讯系统中使用丁香醛。 | 0 |
Embelin (2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone) is a naturally occurring para-benzoquinone isolated from dried berries of Embelia ribes plants. Several studies have reported antidiabetic activity of embelin. | 其衍生物有较多应用，如二苯并吡嗪是重要的染料，吩嗪以具有抗肿瘤，抗菌和利尿的性质而著称。而 四甲基吡嗪被报道可以捕捉超氧阴离子，并减少人体有粒细胞的氮氧化物产生。 | 0 |
Allantoin is a chemical compound with formula C4H6N4O3. It is also called 5-ureidohydantoin or glyoxyldiureide. It is a diureide of glyoxylic acid. Allantoin is a major metabolic intermediate in most organisms including animals, plants and bacteria. It is produced from uric acid, which itself is a degradation product of nucleic acids, by action of urate oxidase (uricase). Allantoin also occurs as a natural mineral compound (IMA symbol Aan). | 葡萄糖-1-磷酸（英語：Glucose 1-phosphate或 cori ester）是葡萄糖上1'-碳原子磷酸化的产物，它可以存在α- 和β-两种异头物。 | 0 |
Thiazole is a mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent, a member of 1,3-thiazoles and a monocyclic heteroarene. | 芴（wù）（英語：fluorene），又稱茀（fú），是多环芳烃，分子式C₁₃H₁₀。白色片状晶体，不纯时有荧光，有像萘的獨特芳香气味。存在于汽车废气、玉米须以及煤焦油的高沸点组分中。可燃。难溶于水，可溶于苯、二硫化碳、乙醇和乙醚。
芴可由工业合成得到，用作阴丹士林染料、塑料、杀虫剂的前体。可合成芴酮、9-芴醇和三硝基芴酮（用于静电复印）等化学品。聚芴可用作有机发光二极管中的发光体。
芴的9－质子是酸质子，二甲基亞碸中pKa为22.6，可給碱（如氢氧化钠）脱去生成橙黄色芳香阴离子。该阴离子的9－位可作亲核试剂，与亲电试剂取代反应。
芴的衍生物氯甲酸-9-芴基甲酯（Fmoc-Cl）用于在多肽合成中给氨基上芴甲氧羰基保护基。 | 0 |
Sulfuryl chloride fluoride is a sulfuryl halide. | 乙酸异戊酯（化学式：C7H14O2）是乙酸与異戊醇所成的酯。 | 0 |
Testosterone glucuronide is a natural product found in Homo sapiens with data available. | 环己胺是一种有机化合物，属于脂肪族胺。纯的环己胺是无色液体，但胺类物质通常因混有杂质而带有颜色，环己胺也不例外。它带有鱼腥味，混溶于水，水溶液呈弱碱性，碱性比苯胺强。在有机合成中，环己胺是一种重要中间体。
在生物体内，环己胺是甜蜜素的代谢物。 | 0 |
Ammonium alum is an inorganic sulfate salt. | 二甲胺是一种有机化合物，分子式(CH3)2NH。这种仲胺是一种无色易燃气体，具有氨味和鱼腥味。最常见的是二甲胺的40%水溶液。在2005年，大约27万吨二甲胺被生产出来。 | 0 |
Thiocyanate is a pseudohalide anion obtained by deprotonation of the thiol group of thiocyanic acid. It has a role as a human metabolite. It is a pseudohalide anion and a sulfur molecular entity. It is a conjugate base of an isothiocyanic acid and a thiocyanic acid. | 异香豆素（Isocoumarin）分子式C9H6O2，属于内酯，是一类天然有机化合物分子的骨架，而此类化合物称为异香豆素类化合物。其衍生物存在于黄檗等植物中。 | 0 |
Nitroxyl is a nitrogen oxoacid consisting of an oxygen atom double-bonded to an NH group. | ，结构式H−N=O，pKa 11.4，共軛鹼為
）。與硝酸和亞硝酸不同，次硝酸没有氧－氫键。次硝酸的氮－氫鍵離解能是207 kJ/mol。
），因此次硝酸通常現製現用，如利用三氧連二硝酸鈉 （ | 1 |
Kynurenine is a ketone that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 2-aminobenzoyl group. It has a role as a human metabolite. It is a substituted aniline, an aromatic ketone and a non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid. It is a conjugate acid of a kynureninate. | 3-甲基-2-戊醇（英語：3-Methyl-2-pentanol，IUPAC名：3-methylpentan-2-ol）是一种六碳醇，有两个手性碳原子，因而存在四种立体异构体（2R3R、2R3S、2S3R、2S3S）。3-甲基-2-戊醇是蛇麻花的组成成分之一。尿液中出现的3-甲基-2-戊醇可作为3-甲基戊烷暴露的信号。 | 0 |
Sodium arsenite usually refers to the inorganic compound with the formula NaAsO2. Also called sodium meta-arsenite, it is an inorganic polymer consisting of the infinite chains [AsO2]n−n associated with sodium cations, Na+. The polymer backbone has the connectivity -O-As(O−)-.backbone. Sodium ortho-arsenite is Na3AsO3. Both compounds are colourless solids. A mixture of sodium meta-arsenite and sodium ortho-arsenite is produced by treating arsenic trioxide with sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide. Sodium arsenite is amorphous, typically being obtained as a powder or as a glassy mass. | 丙胺酸（Alanine，簡寫为Ala或A）是一種胺基酸，于1850年由阿道夫·斯特雷克通过乙醛、氨和氢氰酸的反应首次合成。它含有胺基和羧酸，二者都與中心碳原子相連，中心碳原子也帶有甲基側鏈。因此，它的IUPAC系統命名為2-胺基丙酸，並且它屬於非極性胺基酸。
鳥類和哺乳類可經由食物中的糖分解所得的丙酮酸合成得到丙氨酸，因此對這些動物來說，丙氨酸為非必需氨基酸。 | 0 |
Acenaphthene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derived from naphthalene by the addition of an ethylene bridge connecting C-1 and C-8. | 阿巴芬净（INN：Abafungin）是一种广谱抗真菌剂，具有治疗皮肤真菌病的新型作用机制。 | 0 |
Fipronil is a natural product found in Streptomyces rochei with data available. | 信筒子醌（英語：Embelin，也称为酸藤子酚、恩贝灵，化学名：2,5-二羟基-3-十一烷基-1,4-苯醌，2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone）是一种有机化合物，分子式C17H26O4，属于1,4-苯醌衍生物，最初在白花酸藤果（Embelia ribes）中提取。 | 0 |
Cyclohexylamine is a natural product found in Phaseolus vulgaris and Zanthoxylum asiaticum with data available. | 环己胺是一种有机化合物，属于脂肪族胺。纯的环己胺是无色液体，但胺类物质通常因混有杂质而带有颜色，环己胺也不例外。它带有鱼腥味，混溶于水，水溶液呈弱碱性，碱性比苯胺强。在有机合成中，环己胺是一种重要中间体。
在生物体内，环己胺是甜蜜素的代谢物。 | 1 |
Moniliformin is an enone and an enol. | 岩白菜素（英語：Bergenin或cuscutin）是一种有机化合物，分子式C14H16O9，属于一种三羟基苯甲酸糖苷，是葡萄糖的C-糖苷衍生物，存在于腺毛岩白菜（Bergenia ciliata）、Bergenia ligulata，岩白菜（Bergenia purpurascens）等岩白菜属植物中。纯品为白色针状结晶，溶于甲醇、甲醛，微溶于水、丙酮、乙醇。 | 0 |
Ethylene is a natural product found in Marsilea quadrifolia, Capsicum annuum, and other organisms with data available. | 乙烯（英語：Ethylene）是由两个碳原子和四个氢原子组成的化合物。两个碳原子之间用双键连接。
乙烯為合成纖維、合成橡膠、合成塑料（聚乙烯及聚氯乙烯）、合成乙醇（酒精）的基本化工原料，也用於制造氯乙烯、苯乙烯、環氧乙烷、醋酸、乙醛、乙醇和炸藥等，且可用作水果和蔬菜的催熟剂，是一種已證實的植物激素，也是石油化工發展水準之指標。 | 1 |
Diethylamine is a secondary aliphatic amine where both N-substituents are ethyl. It is a conjugate base of a diethylammonium. | 卡維地洛（英語：Carvedilol）以Coreg等商品名於市面販售，是種用於治療高血壓、鬱血性心臟衰竭 (CHF) 和左心室功能障礙的藥物。此藥物於治療高血壓時通常是作為一種二線藥物。 | 0 |
Hypofluorous acid is a fluorine oxoacid. It is a conjugate acid of a hypofluorite. | 环戊酮（英語：Cyclopentanone）是一種有機化合物，化學式為(CH2)4CO。這種環酮是一種無色揮發性液體。 | 0 |
Iron is a natural product found in Triumfetta rhomboidea, Artemia salina, and other organisms with data available. | 咪达唑仑（INN：Midazolam，商品名为Versed）是一种苯二氮卓类药物，用于麻醉、程序性镇静、睡眠障碍和严重躁动。它通过诱导嗜睡，减少焦虑，并导致丧失创造新记忆的能力而发挥作用。该药物不会导致个人失去意识，只会使人镇静。它也有助于治疗长期（持续5分钟以上）癫痫发作。
咪达唑仑可以口服、静脉注射、肌肉注射、鼻腔喷洒或通过颊部给药。
静脉注射时，咪达唑仑通常在五分钟内开始起作用；肌肉注射时，可能需要十五分钟才能开始起作用。效果持续一到六个小时。
副作用可能包括呼吸困难、低血压和嗜睡。长期使用后可能出现耐受性和戒断综合征。矛盾反应尤其会发生在儿童和老年人身上，例如活动增加。有证据表明在怀孕期间使用会有风险，但没有证据表明在母乳喂养期间使用单剂量会有危害。它属于苯二氮卓类药物，通过增加大脑中GABA神经递质的活性发挥作用。
咪达唑仑于1974年获得专利，1982年开始用于医疗。它在世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单上。咪达唑仑是一种非专利药物。在许多国家，它是一种管制药物。 | 0 |
Phthalazine is an azaarene that is the 2,3-diaza analogue of naphthalene. The parent of the class of phthalazines. It is a mancude organic heterobicyclic parent, a member of phthalazines, an azaarene and an ortho-fused heteroarene. | 丁酸乙酯，是丁酸的乙酯，分子式CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH3。它可溶于1,2-丙二醇、矿物油和煤油。它有类似黄梨的气味，是加工橙汁中增味剂的关键成分。它也存在于许多水果中，尽管浓度较低。 | 0 |
Propane () is a three-carbon alkane with the molecular formula C3H8. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure, but compressible to a transportable liquid. A by-product of natural gas processing and petroleum refining, it is often a constituent of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), which is commonly used as a fuel in domestic and industrial applications and in low-emissions public transportation; other constituents of LPG may include propylene, butane, butylene, butadiene, and isobutylene. Discovered in 1857 by the French chemist Marcellin Berthelot, it became commercially available in the US by 1911. Propane has lower volumetric energy density than gasoline or coal, but has higher gravimetric energy density than them and burns more cleanly.
Propane gas has become a popular choice for barbecues and portable stoves because its low −42 °C boiling point makes it vaporise inside pressurised liquid containers (it exists in two phases, vapor above liquid). It retains its ability to vaporise even in cold weather, making it better-suited for outdoor use in cold climates than alternatives with higher boiling points like butane. LPG powers buses, forklifts, automobiles, outboard boat motors, and ice resurfacing machines, and is used for heat and cooking in recreational vehicles and campers. Propane is becoming popular as a replacement refrigerant (R290) for heatpumps also as it offers greater efficiency than the current refrigerants: R410A / R32, higher temperature heat output and less damage to the atmosphere for escaped gasses - at the expense of high gas flammability. | 竹桃霉素是一种大环内酯类抗生素。该抗生素由细黄链霉菌（Streptomyces antibioticus）合成，其抗菌谱与红霉素相同，但抗菌能力较红霉素弱。竹桃霉素与红霉素有不完全的交叉耐药性，有时可对耐红霉素的菌株有效。竹桃霉素易溶于甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、氯仿或稀盐酸，但在几乎不溶于水。竹桃霉素常用于治疗有敏感细菌引起的鼻窦炎、中耳炎及支气管炎等疾病。 | 0 |
Dequalinium is a quaternary ammonium cation and bolaamphiphile commonly available as the dichloride salt. It is useful as an antiseptic and disinfectant. The bromide, iodide, acetate, and undecenoate salts are known as well. Dequalinium chloride is the active ingredient of several medications.
The dequalinium dication is symmetrical, containing two quaternary quinolinium units linked by an N-decylene chain. | 赛克利嗪（英语：Cyclizine）是用于治疗和预防晕车造成的恶心、呕吐、头晕的药物，也可用于治疗全身麻醉或使用阿片类后导致的恶心。它通过口服、直肠或静脉给药。
赛克利嗪常见的副作用包括嗜睡、口干、便秘、视力问题，更严重的副作用则包括低血压和尿潴留。一般不推荐儿童和青光眼患者使用赛克利嗪。赛克利嗪看起来对孕妇安全，但这尚未得到充分研究。它属于抗胆碱剂和抗组织胺药。
赛克利嗪于1947年被发现。它是世界卫生组织基本药物，在美国是非处方药。 | 0 |
Ricinine is a natural product found in Ricinus communis with data available. | 阿西维辛是一种有机化合物，化学式为C5H7ClN2O3，它是谷氨酰胺的类似物，是γ-谷氨酰转移酶的抑制剂。它在1972年被发现，并用于抗癌药物研究，但因为其毒性，试验未成功。 | 0 |
Patulin is a furopyran and lactone that is (2H-pyran-3(6H)-ylidene)acetic acid which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 4 and in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has condensed with the carboxy group to give the corresponding bicyclic lactone. A mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium, it has antibiotic properties but has been shown to be carcinogenic and mutagenic. It has a role as an antimicrobial agent, a mycotoxin, a carcinogenic agent, a mutagen, a Penicillium metabolite and an Aspergillus metabolite. It is a furopyran, a lactol and a gamma-lactone. | 溴化苄（又稱苄基溴或α-溴代甲苯），分子式C6H5CH2Br或C7H7Br，是一種苯环被溴甲基取代的芳香化合物。它可通过甲苯在室温下发生溴化反应（二氧化锰为非均相催化剂）进行制备。溴化苄在有机合成中可以用于醇和羧酸基团的保护基。具有強烈的催淚性和令人不舒服的刺鼻氣味，如果沒有保持空氣流通，會刺激呼吸道和皮膚引發皮炎和蕁麻疹，粘著眼睛。吸入濃度高的溴化苄蒸氣可以引致暫時胸部緊束、支氣管炎和肺水腫。由於有這些特性，常常在戰爭中作為氣體武器。 | 0 |
5-fluorouracil is a nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth. It has a role as a xenobiotic, an environmental contaminant, a radiosensitizing agent, an antineoplastic agent, an immunosuppressive agent and an antimetabolite. It is a nucleobase analogue and an organofluorine compound. It is functionally related to a uracil. | L-硒甲硫胺酸，或稱甲硒胺酸、硒蛋胺酸（英語：selenomethionine），即L-硒代蛋胺酸，是重要的有机硒源之一。在自然界中，硒元素以硒代胺基酸形式有机存在于粮食中，也是有机硒在硒酵母中存在的主要形式。
合成蛋白过程中，部分蛋胺酸由硒蛋胺酸替代，成为哺乳动物贮存有机硒的仓库。在硒需求量旺盛时期，可以可逆地释放传递到需要硒的部位或参与新一轮硒蛋白合成。 | 0 |
Verbenone is a natural organic compound classified as a terpene that is found naturally in a variety of plants. The chemical has a pleasant characteristic odor. Besides being a natural constituent of plants, it and its analogs are insect pheromones. In particular, verbenone when formulated in a long-lasting matrix has an important role in the control of bark beetles such as the mountain pine beetle and the Southern pine bark beetle. | 甘油酸（英語：Glyceric acid）化学式CH2OHCHOHCOOH是一种天然的三碳糖酸，可由甘油或甘油醛氧化而来： | 0 |
Bradykinin is a linear nonapeptide messenger belonging to the kinin group of proteins, with amino acid sequence RPPGFSPFR. Enzymatically produced from kallidin in the blood, it is a powerful vasodilator that causes smooth muscle contraction, and may mediate inflammation. It has a role as a human blood serum metabolite and a vasodilator agent. It is a tautomer of a bradykinin(2+). | 苯海拉明（英語：Diphenhydramine）是一種第一代抗組織胺藥，主要用於治療過敏症，也可以用於治療失眠、感冒症狀、帕金森氏症震顫和噁心、防止暈車及錐體外症候群，亦具備局部麻醉藥的效果。苯海拉明具有鎮靜劑作用，被部分用於助眠或抗焦慮藥。給藥方式包括口服、靜脈注射及肌肉注射。最大效果通常在給藥後約兩小時，效果可持續長達七小時。 | 0 |
Triaziquone is a member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-benzoquinone in which three of the ring hydrogens are replaced by aziridin-1-yl groups. It has a role as an alkylating agent and an antineoplastic agent. It is a member of aziridines and a member of 1,4-benzoquinones. | 三亚胺醌（英語：Triaziquone，商品名： Envacar）是一种人工合成的有机化合物，分子式C12H13N3O2，可作为DNA的烷基化试剂，用做抗肿瘤的化疗药物。 | 1 |
Orchinol is a 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, a type of phenanthrenoid. It can be isolated from infected Orchis militaris and infected Loroglossum hircinum with Rhizoctonia repens. This molecule has a phytoalexin effect. It reduces the growth of Cattleya aurantiaca seedlings and has an antifungal activity. | 植酸（英語：phytic acid）又称肌醇六磷酸，在多种植物组织（特别是米糠与种子）中作为磷的主要储存形式，其结构是肌醇的6个羟基均被磷酸酯化生成的肌醇衍生物。然而人与非反刍动物是不能消化植酸的，因此它对于膳食来说既不是肌醇的来源也不是磷酸的来源。 | 0 |
Isobutyric acid, also known as 2-methylpropanoic acid or isobutanoic acid, is a carboxylic acid with structural formula (CH3)2CHCOOH. It is an isomer of butyric acid. It is classified as a short-chain fatty acid. Deprotonation or esterification gives derivatives called isobutyrates.
Isobutyric acid is a colorless liquid with a somewhat unpleasant odor. It is soluble in water and organic solvents. It is found naturally in carobs (Ceratonia siliqua), in vanilla, and in the root of Arnica dulcis, and as an ethyl ester in croton oil. | 1-十一醛，又称 正十一醛，是一种 有机化合物 ，化学式 C10H21CHO。 它是一种有11个碳原子的 醛，是一种无色油状液体。 1-十一醛是香水的成分。尽管它天然存在于柑桔油中，但它是通过1-癸烯的氢甲酰化反应商业生产的。 | 0 |
Tacrolimus is a natural product found in Streptomyces tacrolimicus, Euglena gracilis, and other organisms with data available. | 木糖醇（xylitol），即(2R,3R,4S)-戊五醇，為糖醇的一種，是一种可以作为蔗糖替代物的五碳糖醇，是木糖代谢的产物，木糖广泛存在于各种植物中，可从白桦、覆盆子、玉米、燕麥殼等植物原料中提取，目前主要产自中国。木糖醇主要由木糖的加氢还原得到。木糖醇被用作糖類食品及代糖品，其E編碼為E967。
木糖醇對人類來說是可食用的食品添加物，甜度与蔗糖相当，但热量只有等重蔗糖的60%，可被用來替代蔗糖。但木糖醇對於狗等多種動物具有毒性。 | 0 |
Iminodiacetic acid is the organic compound with the formula HN(CH2CO2H)2, often abbreviated to IDA. A white solid, the compound is a dicarboxylic acid amine (the nitrogen atom forms a secondary amino group, not an imino group as the name suggests). The iminodiacetate dianion is a tridentate ligand, forming metal complexes by forming two, fused, five membered chelate rings. The proton on the nitrogen atom can be replaced by a carbon atom of a polymer to create an ion-exchange resin, such as chelex 100. Complexes of IDA and EDTA were introduced in the early 1950s by Schwarzenbach.
IDA forms stronger complexes than the bidentate ligand glycine and weaker complexes than the tetradentate ligand nitrilotriacetic acid. It can also act as a bidentate ligand through its two carboxylate groups. Several technetium-99m complexes are used in cholescintigraphy scans (also known as hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scans) to evaluate the health and function of the gallbladder.
Iminodiacetic acid is an important intermediate in one of the two main industrial processes used to manufacture the herbicide glyphosate. It is used in capillary electrophoresis for modulating peptide mobility. It is also used as a precursor for the manufacture of the indicator xylenol orange. | 由两分子δ-氨基乙酰丙酸(下圖dALA) 在胆色素原合成酶(又稱下圖之ALA dehydratase，圖上ALA dehydrogenase為誤植)催化下缩合、环化而成。
而后4分子胆色素原在胆色素原脱氨酶（下圖右側 PB deaminase）催化下，将脱去侧链上的氨基，缩聚为含有4个吡咯(Pyrrole)环的羥甲基胆素。(見下圖右側 Hydroxymethyl bilane) | 0 |
Ethyl acrylate is an organic compound with the formula CH2CHCO2CH2CH3. It is the ethyl ester of acrylic acid. It is a colourless liquid with a characteristic acrid odor. It is mainly produced for paints, textiles, and non-woven fibers. It is also a reagent in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical intermediates. | 標準狀態下，AsH3是一种無色，密度高於空氣，可溶於水（200 mL/L）及多種有機溶劑的气体。它本身無臭，但空氣中有大約0.5ppm的胂存在時，它便可被空气氧化產生輕微類似大蒜的氣味。常温下胂很穩定，分解成氫和砷的速度非常慢，但溫度高于230°C时，它便迅速分解。还有幾個因素也會影響胂分解的速度，其中包括濕度、光的存在以及催化劑（鋁）的存在。
AsH3分子呈键角H-As-H為91.8°的三角錐體，且三條As-H鍵长度相等，為1.519 Å。胂还可以指分子式为AsH3-xRx的有機砷化合物，其中 R 可以是芳基或烷基。例如三苯胂（As(C6H5)3）是胂的一种。 | 0 |
Methylcyclohexane is a cycloalkane that is cyclohexane substituted by a single methyl group. It has a role as an aprotic solvent, a plant metabolite and a human metabolite. It is a cycloalkane and a volatile organic compound. It derives from a hydride of a cyclohexane. | 唑尼沙胺（英語：Zonisamide）是一种磺胺类抗惊厥药，被批准用于辅助治疗成人的癫痫发作，婴儿的韋斯特綜合症，伦诺克斯-加斯托二氏综合征、肌阵挛和全身强直－阵挛性发作。 | 0 |
Hydrochlorothiazide is a benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure. It has a role as a xenobiotic, an environmental contaminant, a diuretic and an antihypertensive agent. It is a benzothiadiazine, a sulfonamide and an organochlorine compound. | 铵（ǎn）（ammonium）舊譯錏，化学式
NH
4
+
，又叫铵离子、铵根、铵根离子，是由氨分子衍生出的正一价、带1个正电的离子。氨分子与一个氫正離子配位结合就形成铵根离子（氨提供孤電子對）。铵离子在化学反应中相当于金属离子。 | 0 |
Boron trifluoride is a boron fluoride. It has a role as a NMR chemical shift reference compound. | 喜樹鹼（英語：Camptothecin，简称CPT），是一種細胞毒性喹啉類生物鹼，能抑制DNA拓撲異構酶(TOPO I)。
1966年由M.E. Wall和M.C. Wani 通過有系統的篩選天然物質，進而發現的抗癌藥物。 | 0 |
Staurosporine (antibiotic AM-2282 or STS) is a natural product originally isolated in 1977 from the bacterium Streptomyces staurosporeus.
It was the first of over 50 alkaloids that were discovered to share this type of bis-indole chemical structure. The chemical structure of staurosporine was elucidated by X-ray crystalography in 1994.
Staurosporine was discovered to have biological activities ranging from anti-fungal to anti-hypertensive.
The interest in these activities resulted in a large investigative effort in chemistry and biology and the discovery of the potential for anti-cancer treatment. | 百里酚（英語：Thymol）即麝香草酚为一个单萜，是对异丙基甲苯（对伞花烃）的酚衍生物。其分子式为C10H14O，与香芹酚是同分异构体，由于被发现于百里香中而得名。萃取得到的百里酚是白色结晶固体，有令人愉快的芳香气味。百里酚為半透明結晶，有特殊氣味；微有鹼味，能隨水蒸氣揮發，25℃時，1g溶於1ml乙醇、1.5ml乙醚、0.7ml氯仿、1.7ml橄欖油、約1000ml水中，溶於冰乙酸和鹼溶液。 | 0 |
Dimethylphosphine is a secondary phosphine. | 十二烷，或称十二碳烷，是化学式为CH3(CH2)10CH3的烷烃。十二烷是粘稠的油状液体，为石蜡油组分之一。不考虑立体异构，它有355个同分异构体。高纯度的单体十二烷含量可以达到98%以上甚至更高。 | 0 |
Deoxyschizandrin is a bio-active isolate of Schisandra chinensis.
Deoxyschizandrin has been found to act as an agonist of the adiponectin receptor 2 (AdipoR2). | 布南色林（Blonanserin），商品名洛珊（Lonasen），是新型非典型抗精神病药物（2008年1月获得PMDA批准），用于治疗精神分裂症。与许多其他抗精神病药物相比，布南色林具有更好的耐受性，少有錐體外症候群之症状、过度镇静与低血压等副作用。与许多第二代非典型抗精神病药相比，在治疗精神分裂症阴性症状方面的疗效明显优于氟哌啶醇等第一代典型抗精神病药。 | 0 |
Dodecyl gallate is a gallate ester. | 没食子酸月桂酯（英語：Dodecyl gallate，也译为没食子酸十二酯）是一种有机化合物，是没食子酸与1-十二烷醇形成的酯，可作为食品添加剂，E编码E312。 | 1 |
Dabigatran is an aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-{[(4-carbamimidoylphenyl)amino]methyl}-1-methyl-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid with the secondary amoino group of N-pyridin-2-yl-beta-alanine. The active metabolite of the prodrug dabigatran etexilate, it acts as an anticoagulant which is used for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism. It has a role as an anticoagulant, an EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor and an EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor. It is an aromatic amide, a member of benzimidazoles, a carboxamidine, a member of pyridines and a beta-alanine derivative. | 泛解酸（英語：Pantoic acid）是一种有机化合物，也称为2,4-二羟基-3,3-二甲基丁酸（2,4-Dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid）结构简式HOCH2C(CH3)2CH(OH)CO2H，属于Ω-羟基与α-羟基酸，其与β-丙氨酸形成的酰胺称为泛酸，辅酶A（维生素B5）的组成成分之一。 | 0 |
Thymidine is a pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside having thymine as the nucleobase. It has a role as a metabolite, a human metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is functionally related to a thymine. It is an enantiomer of a telbivudine. | 碘甲烷是一个卤代烃，分子式写为CH3I、MeI，是甲烷的一碘取代物。室温下为密度大的挥发性液体，偶极矩1.59D，折射率1.5304（20°C、D）、1.5293（21°C、D）。碘甲烷可与常见的有机溶剂混溶，纯品无色，暴露于阳光下会分解出I2而带紫色，可通过加入金属铜或银去除。自然界中碘甲烷少量存在于稻田中。温带海洋中的藻类以及陆地上的某些真菌和细菌也可以代谢产生碘甲烷。
碘甲烷是有机合成中常用的甲基化试剂。 | 0 |
Benzoctamine is a member of anthracenes. | 安普那韦（英语：Amprenavir），原品牌名称Agenerase，是葛兰素史克公司研发的产品。它是一种用于治疗HIV感染的蛋白酶抑制剂。它于1999年4月15日获得美国食品和药物管理局的批准，每天服用两次，而不是每八小时服用一次。方便的给药是有代价的，因为所需的剂量是1,200毫克，每天两次以8个非常大的150毫克凝胶胶囊或24个50毫克凝胶胶囊的形式提供。
它于1992年获得专利，并于1999年获准用于医疗用途。制造商于2004年12月31日停止生产安普瑞那韦；提供前体药物版本（福沙那韦）。 | 0 |
Buclizine is an N-alkylpiperazine carrying (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl and 4-tert-butylbenzyl groups. It has a role as an antiemetic, a cholinergic antagonist, a histamine antagonist, a local anaesthetic and a central nervous system depressant. It is a N-alkylpiperazine and a member of monochlorobenzenes. It is a conjugate base of a buclizine(2+). | 替尼达普（INN：tenidap）是一种环氧合酶/5-脂氧合酶(COX/5-LOX)双效抑制剂和细胞因子调节消炎药候选药物。由辉瑞公司开发的具有治疗类风湿性关节炎前景的潜在药物。但因其肝肾毒性原因，1996年上市批准遭到美国FDA拒绝，辉瑞因此停止了对其开发。造成其肝肾毒性的原因是药物结构中含有噻吩基团的部分在体内代谢过程中会造成氧化损伤。 | 0 |
Xylitol is a pentitol (five-carbon sugar alcohol) having meso-configuration, being derived from xylose by reduction of the carbonyl group. It has a role as a sweetening agent, an allergen, a hapten, a human metabolite, an algal metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite and a mouse metabolite. | 醛固酮（英語：aldosterone）又稱醛甾酮，是由腎上腺皮質球状带分泌，调节人体水和电解质平衡的激素。其结构属于一种類固醇類激素，生理学属于一种肾上腺盐皮质激素。
醛固酮主要作用於腎臟，通过调节肾脏远曲小管和肾皮质集合管对钠离子的重吸收，促进钾离子和氢离子的排泄，维持细胞外液容量和电解质的平衡，並維持血壓的穩定。整體來說，醛固酮為一種增進腎臟對於離子及水分再吸收作用的一種激素，為肾素-血管紧张素系统的一部分。 | 0 |
Pyridine is an azaarene comprising a benzene core in which one -CH group is replaced by a nitrogen atom. It is the parent compound of the class pyridines. It has a role as an environmental contaminant and a NMR chemical shift reference compound. It is a mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent, a monocyclic heteroarene, an azaarene and a member of pyridines. | 壬烷是化学式为CH3(CH2)7CH3的烷烃。由壬烷衍生出的取代基称为“壬基”，相应的环烷烃则为环壬烷。壬烷总共有55个异构体，若不计对映异构，则为35个。 | 0 |
Butoxyacetic acid is a carboxylic acid. | N,N,1-三甲基-3,3-二苯基丙胺（英語：N,N,1-Trimethyl-3,3-diphenylpropylamine，简称三甲基二苯基丙胺，英語：Trimethyldiphenylpropylamine，商品名Recipavrin）分子式C18H23N，是一种用于治疗功能性胃肠病（FGID）的药物。 | 0 |
Acamprosate is an organosulfonic acid that is propane-1-sulfonic acid substituted by an acetylamino group at position 3. It has a role as a neurotransmitter agent, an environmental contaminant and a xenobiotic. It is an organosulfonic acid and a member of acetamides. | 诺氟沙星会阻碍消化道内致病细菌的DNA旋转酶（DNA Gyrase）的作用，阻碍细菌DNA复制，对细菌有抑制作用。是治疗肠炎痢疾的常用药。但此药对未成年人骨骼形成会有一定延缓作用，因而会对发育造成影响，故应当尽可能避免未成年人服用。 | 0 |
Flutamide, sold under the brand name Eulexin among others, is a nonsteroidal antiandrogen (NSAA) which is used primarily to treat prostate cancer. It is also used in the treatment of androgen-dependent conditions like acne, excessive hair growth, and high androgen levels in women. It is taken by mouth, usually three times per day.
Side effects in men include breast tenderness and enlargement, feminization, sexual dysfunction, and hot flashes. Conversely, the medication has fewer side effects and is better-tolerated in women with the most common side effect being dry skin. Diarrhea and elevated liver enzymes can occur in both sexes. Rarely, flutamide can cause liver damage, lung disease, sensitivity to light, elevated methemoglobin, elevated sulfhemoglobin, and deficient neutrophils. Numerous cases of liver failure and death have been reported, which has limited the use of flutamide.
Flutamide acts as a selective antagonist of the androgen receptor (AR), competing with androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) for binding to ARs in tissues like the prostate gland. By doing so, it prevents their effects and stops them from stimulating prostate cancer cells to grow. Flutamide is a prodrug to a more active form. Flutamide and its active form stay in the body for a relatively short time, which makes it necessary to take flutamide multiple times per day.
Flutamide was first described in 1967 and was first introduced for medical use in 1983. It became available in the United States in 1989. The medication has largely been replaced by newer and improved NSAAs, namely bicalutamide and enzalutamide, due to their better efficacy, tolerability, safety, and dosing frequency (once per day), and is now relatively little-used. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. | 多西他赛（英語：Docetaxel），商品名泰素帝（英語：Taxotere），又稱欧洲紫杉醇、多烯紫杉醇、多西紫杉醇，是一種用於治療多種癌症的化療藥物 - 包括乳癌、頭頸癌、胃癌、攝護腺癌和非小細胞肺癌。它可單獨使用，或與其他化療藥物聯合使用。此藥物透過緩慢進行的靜脈注射方式給藥。 | 0 |
Titanium(II) oxide is a titanium oxide containing approximately equal numbers of titanium and oxygen ions. | N-香草基壬酰胺（N-vanillylnonanamide，Nonivamide）又称壬酸香兰基酰胺（Nonyl Vanillylamide）、天竺葵酸香兰基酰胺（pelargonic acid vanillylamide，缩写PAVA）、诺香草胺（Nonivamide）、合成辣椒素等，是一种属于辣椒素类物质的芳香族有机化合物。是天竺葵酸和香兰素胺的酰胺。存在于辣椒中，但一般通过合成生产。热稳定性较辣椒素更好。 | 0 |
Pirinixic acid is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) agonist that is under experimental investigation for prevention of severe cardiac dysfunction, cardiomyopathy and heart failure as a result of lipid accumulation within cardiac myocytes. Treatment is primarily aimed at individuals with an adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) enzyme deficiency or mutation because of the essential PPAR protein interactions with free fatty acid monomers derived from the ATGL catalyzed lipid oxidation reaction. It was discovered as WY-14,643 in 1974. | 玫红酸（英語：rosolic acid）是一种有机化合物。它是带有绿色金属光泽的黄色或深红色晶体。它几乎不溶于水，易溶于酒精。溶于强酸形成黄色溶液，或溶于碱溶液形成胭脂红色溶液。
基于这种特性，它可以用作pH范围5.0 - 6.8的p酸鹼指示剂。它也被用于制造染料的中间体。 | 0 |
4-oxopentanoic acid is an oxopentanoic acid with the oxo group in the 4-position. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid and an oxopentanoic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a 4-oxopentanoate. | 4-羟苯丙酮酸 (英語：4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid，4-HPPA)是一种苯丙氨酸的代谢中间产物。苯丙氨酸的侧链被苯丙氨酸羟化酶羟化成为酪氨酸。酪氨酸再由酪氨酸转氨酶转化为4-羟苯丙酮酸。 | 0 |
Benznidazole is a monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)acetic acid with the aromatic amino group of benzylamine. Used for treatment of Chagas disease. It has a role as an antiprotozoal drug. It is a member of imidazoles, a C-nitro compound and a monocarboxylic acid amide. | 苯乙咪唑於1971年被引入醫療用途。它已被列入世界衛生組織基本藥物標準清單之中。截至2012年，巴西政府營運的製藥公司Laboratorio Farmacêutico do Estado de Pernambuco是唯一的藥物生產者。阿根廷政府於2012年3月宣布該國一家名為Elea的藥廠即將生產苯乙咪唑的通用名藥物，初期將用於治療該國患者。非政府組織無國界醫生對此表示歡迎。 | 1 |
Protodioscin is a natural product found in Dioscorea collettii, Dioscorea deltoidea, and other organisms with data available. | 橙黄G（英語：Orange G）又称橙色G，是一种人工合成的偶氮染料，主要用于作为组织学中的染色配方。且通常以二钠盐的形式出现。外观为橙色晶体或粉末。 | 0 |
Diosgenin is a sapogenin that is spirostan which is substituted by a hydroxy group at the 3beta position, contains a double bond at the 5-6 position, and has R- configuration at position 25. A natural product found in Dioscorea (wild yam) species, it is used as the starting point for the commercial synthesis of a number of steroids, including cortisone, pregnenolone and progesterone. It has a role as an apoptosis inducer, an antiviral agent, an antineoplastic agent and a metabolite. It is a 3beta-sterol, a spiroketal, a hexacyclic triterpenoid and a sapogenin. It derives from a hydride of a spirostan. | 爵床脂素A（英語：Justicidin A）是一种有机化合物，分子式C22H18O7，属于木脂素，存在于爵床（学名：Justicia procumbens）中，有細胞毒性。 | 0 |
Thiophosgene is a red liquid with the formula CSCl2. It is a molecule with trigonal planar geometry. There are two reactive C–Cl bonds that allow it to be used in diverse organic syntheses. | 苯甲酰氯的熔沸点分别为-1℃和198℃，密度为 1.212。它属于酰氯的一种。 | 0 |