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Vincristine is a vinca alkaloid with formula C46H56N4O10 found in the Madagascar periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus. It is used (commonly as the corresponding sulfate salt)as a chemotherapy drug for the treatment of leukaemia, lymphoma, myeloma, breast cancer and head and neck cancer. It has a role as a tubulin modulator, a microtubule-destabilising agent, a plant metabolite, an antineoplastic agent and a drug. It is a methyl ester, an acetate ester, a tertiary alcohol, a member of formamides, an organic heteropentacyclic compound, an organic heterotetracyclic compound, a tertiary amino compound and a vinca alkaloid. It is a conjugate base of a vincristine(2+). It derives from a hydride of a vincaleukoblastine.

D-赤藓酮糖（英語：Erythrulose）分类上属于丁糖与酮糖，其醛糖形式是赤藓糖。是在某些細菌作用下，由赤蘚糖醇氧化而得。對鹼敏感。可溶於水及乙醇。

Cyproheptadine is the product resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of position 5 of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene with position 4 of 1-methylpiperidine resulting in the formation of a double bond between the two fragments. It is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic and calcium-channel blocking actions. It is used (particularly as the hydrochloride sesquihydrate) for the relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis, conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, urticaria and angioedema, and in pruritic skin disorders. Unlike other antihistamines, it is also a seratonin receptor antagonist, making it useful in conditions such as vascular headache and anorexia. It has a role as a H1-receptor antagonist, a serotonergic antagonist, an antipruritic drug, an anti-allergic agent and a gastrointestinal drug. It is a member of piperidines and a tertiary amine.

乙二酰二胺又名草酰胺，分子式(CONH2)2，常温下为非常稳定的无色结晶或粉末，可溶于乙醇，微溶于水，不溶于乙醚。乙二酰二胺是草酸的二酰胺衍生物，氰是乙二酰二胺的酸酐。

Geniposidic acid is a natural product found in Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea, Veronica kellereri, and other organisms with data available.

美卡拉明（英語：Mecamylamine，商品名有：Inversine、Vecamyl等）是一种有机化合物，分子式C11H21N，是一种非选择性的、非竞争性的菸鹼型乙醯膽鹼受體（nAChRs）拮抗剂，可作为抗高血压药使用。

N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), also known as dimethylnitrosamine (DMN), is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NNO. It is one of the simplest members of a large class of nitrosamines. It is a volatile yellow oil. NDMA has attracted wide attention as being highly hepatotoxic and a known carcinogen in laboratory animals.

亞溴酸是溴的一種含氧酸，見於反應的中間體。化學式為HBrO2，其中，溴的氧化態為+3。它是一种不稳定的化合物，尽管对应的盐—亚溴酸盐已被分离。 在酸性条件下，亚溴酸盐会分解成溴。

Cocaine (from French cocaïne, from Spanish coca, ultimately from Quechua kúka) is a tropane alkaloid that acts as a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. As an extract, it is mainly used recreationally and often illegally for its euphoric and rewarding effects. It is also used in medicine by Indigenous South Americans for various purposes and rarely, but more formally, as a local anaesthetic or diagnostic tool by medical practitioners in more developed countries. It is primarily obtained from the leaves of two Coca species native to South America: Erythroxylum coca and E. novogranatense. After extraction from the plant, and further processing into cocaine hydrochloride (powdered cocaine), the drug is administered by being either snorted, applied topically to the mouth, or dissolved and injected into a vein. It can also then be turned into free base form (typically crack cocaine), in which it can be heated until sublimated and then the vapours can be inhaled. Cocaine stimulates the mesolimbic pathway in the brain. Mental effects may include an intense feeling of happiness, sexual arousal, loss of contact with reality, or agitation. Physical effects may include a fast heart rate, sweating, and dilated pupils. High doses can result in high blood pressure or high body temperature. Onset of effects can begin within seconds to minutes of use, depending on method of delivery, and can last between five and ninety minutes. As cocaine also has numbing and blood vessel constriction properties, it is occasionally used during surgery on the throat or inside of the nose to control pain, bleeding, and vocal cord spasm. Cocaine crosses the blood–brain barrier via a proton-coupled organic cation antiporter and (to a lesser extent) via passive diffusion across cell membranes. Cocaine blocks the dopamine transporter, inhibiting reuptake of dopamine from the synaptic cleft into the pre-synaptic axon terminal; the higher dopamine levels in the synaptic cleft increase dopamine receptor activation in the post-synaptic neuron, causing euphoria and arousal. Cocaine also blocks the serotonin transporter and norepinephrine transporter, inhibiting reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft into the pre-synaptic axon terminal and increasing activation of serotonin receptors and norepinephrine receptors in the post-synaptic neuron, contributing to the mental and physical effects of cocaine exposure. A single dose of cocaine induces tolerance to the drug's effects. Repeated use is likely to result in addiction. Addicts who abstain from cocaine may experience prolonged craving lasting for many months. Abstaining addicts also experience modest drug withdrawal symptoms lasting up to 24 hours, with sleep disruption, anxiety, irritability, crashing, depression, decreased libido, decreased ability to feel pleasure, and fatigue being common. Use of cocaine increases the overall risk of death, and intravenous use potentially increases the risk of trauma and infectious diseases such as blood infections and HIV through the use of shared paraphernalia. It also increases risk of stroke, heart attack, cardiac arrhythmia, lung injury (when smoked), and sudden cardiac death. Illicitly sold cocaine can be adulterated with fentanyl, local anesthetics, levamisole, cornstarch, quinine, or sugar, which can result in additional toxicity. In 2017, the Global Burden of Disease study found that cocaine use caused around 7,300 deaths annually.

胡桃醌，一种含萘核的醌类。

Oxamide is a dicarboxylic acid diamide of oxalic acid. It is functionally related to an oxalic acid.

匹魯卡品（INN：pilocarpine）是一種藥物，又名毛果芸香鹼；是從毛果芸香屬植物葉中提出的生物鹼，是一種膽鹼類之副交感神經促進劑，一般用於治疗原发性青光眼(闭角型青光眼)及口腔乾燥。然而，由于其副作用，毛果芸香碱通常不再用于青光眼的长期治疗。 滴剂通常在一小时内起效，可持续长达一天。 毛果芸香鹼於1874年被分離出，用于治疗青光眼已有 100 多年的历史，它被世界衛生組織列為基本藥物清單之一。最初是由南美植物 Pilocarpus 制成。 毛果芸香碱滴眼液的常见副作用包括刺激眼睛、流泪增多、头痛和视力模糊。其他副作用包括过敏反应和视网膜脱离。一般不建议在怀孕期间使用。毛果芸香碱属于缩瞳药物家族。 它的作用是激活毒蕈碱型胆碱能受体，导致小梁网打开，房水从眼睛排出。

Anthrone is a natural product found in Aspergillus fumigatus with data available.

L-硒甲硫胺酸，或稱甲硒胺酸、硒蛋胺酸（英語：selenomethionine），即L-硒代蛋胺酸，是重要的有机硒源之一。在自然界中，硒元素以硒代胺基酸形式有机存在于粮食中，也是有机硒在硒酵母中存在的主要形式。 合成蛋白过程中，部分蛋胺酸由硒蛋胺酸替代，成为哺乳动物贮存有机硒的仓库。在硒需求量旺盛时期，可以可逆地释放传递到需要硒的部位或参与新一轮硒蛋白合成。

Ephedrine is a natural product found in Ephedra likiangensis, Ephedra pachyclada, and other organisms with data available.

1-二十四烷醇（英语：1-Tetracosanol）是蜡醇类中的一种链状化合物。

Hypoiodous acid is an iodine oxoacid. It is a conjugate acid of a hypoiodite.

四硝基甲烷（英語：Tetranitromethane，简称TNM）是一种分子式为C(NO2)4的强氧化剂。它属于硝基化合物，分子中四个硝基直接连接在碳原子上。

Dicofol is an insecticide, an organochlorine that is chemically related to DDT. Dicofol is a miticide that is very effective against spider mite. Its production and use is banned internationally under the Stockholm Convention. One of the intermediates used in its production is DDT. This has caused criticism by many environmentalists; however, the World Health Organization classifies dicofol as a Level II, "moderately hazardous" pesticide. It is known to be harmful to aquatic animals, and can cause eggshell thinning in various species of birds.

3-羟基丙酸（英語：3-Hydroxypropionic acid）是一种分子式为C3H6O3的β-羟基羧酸，其酸度系数pKa为4.5。3-羟基丙酸易溶于水，可溶于乙醇和二乙醚，在蒸馏后会脱水形成丙烯酸。

Pristane is a natural saturated terpenoid alkane obtained primarily from shark liver oil, from which its name is derived (Latin pristis, "shark"). It is also found in the stomach oil of birds in the order Procellariiformes and in mineral oil and some foods. Pristane and phytane are used in the fields of geology and environmental science as biomarkers to characterize origins and evolution of petroleum hydrocarbons and coal. It is a transparent oily liquid that is immiscible with water, but soluble in diethyl ether, benzene, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride. Pristane is known to induce autoimmune diseases in rodents. It is used in research to understand the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. It is used as a lubricant, a transformer oil, an immunologic adjuvant, and an anti-corrosion agent, biological marker, plasmocytomas inducer and in production of monoclonal antibodies. Biosynthetically, pristane is derived from phytol and is used as a biomarker in petroleum studies. Tocopherols represent an alternate sedimentary source of pristane in sediments and petroleum. Toxicity of pristane is alleviated by aconitine.

环拉酸（英語：Cyclamic acid，也称作环己基氨基磺酸，Cyclohexylsulfamic acid）是一种带有氮硫键的有机化合物，分子式C6H13NO3S，E编码："E952"，甜蜜素是其钠盐，可作为糖替代品。

Succinimide is an organic compound with the formula (CH2)2(CO)2NH. This white solid is used in a variety of organic syntheses, as well as in some industrial silver plating processes. The compound is classified as a cyclic imide. It may be prepared by thermal decomposition of ammonium succinate.

酚酞（英語：phenolphthalein）是一種化合物，分子式為C20H14O4，常用“PP”、“HIn”、“HPh”、“phph”或“Ph”为速记符号。酚酞通常用作酸鹼指示劑，也曾作为刺激性泻剂。酚酞在酸性溶液中变为无色，在碱性溶液中变为粉红色，属于酞类染料（phthalein dyes）。

Uracil () (symbol U or Ura) is one of the four nucleotide bases in the nucleic acid RNA. The others are adenine (A), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). In RNA, uracil binds to adenine via two hydrogen bonds. In DNA, the uracil nucleobase is replaced by thymine (T). Uracil is a demethylated form of thymine. Uracil is a common and naturally occurring pyrimidine derivative. The name "uracil" was coined in 1885 by the German chemist Robert Behrend, who was attempting to synthesize derivatives of uric acid. Originally discovered in 1900 by Alberto Ascoli, it was isolated by hydrolysis of yeast nuclein; it was also found in bovine thymus and spleen, herring sperm, and wheat germ. It is a planar, unsaturated compound that has the ability to absorb light. Uracil that was formed extraterrestrially has been detected in the Murchison meteorite, in a near-Earth asteroid, and possibly on the surface of the moon Titan. It has been synthesized under cold laboratory conditions similar to outer space, from pyrimidine embedded in water ice and exposed to ultraviolet light.

尿苷（Uridine）是一種屬於核苷的化合物，由尿嘧啶與核糖（呋喃核糖）環組成，兩者由β-N1-配糖鍵相連。

Tadalafil is a pyrazinopyridoindole that is 2,3,6,7,12,12a-hexahydropyrazino[1',2':1,6]pyrido[3,4-b]indole-1,4-dione substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and at position 6 by a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group (the 6R,12aR-diastereomer). A phosphodiesterase V inhibitor inhibitor, currently marketed in pill form for treating erectile dysfunction under the name Cialis; and under the name Adcirca for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. It has a role as an EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor and a vasodilator agent. It is a pyrazinopyridoindole and a member of benzodioxoles.

连苯三酚（英語：Pyrogallol），又稱鄰苯三酚、焦棓酚、焦棓酸或焦酚，是芳香族化合物之一，化学式 C6H3(OH)3。它是很強的還原劑。它是一种白色，可溶于水的固体，尽管样本因为其对氧气的敏感性而变成棕色。 它是苯三酚的三个异构体之一。

Flunitrazepam is a 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is nitrazepam substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by a fluoro group at position 2'. It is a potent hypnotic, sedative, and amnestic drug used to treat chronic insomnia. It has a role as a sedative, a GABAA receptor agonist and an anxiolytic drug. It is a 1,4-benzodiazepinone, a C-nitro compound and a member of monofluorobenzenes.

三苯甲烷，也称三苯基甲烷，是一种芳香烃，化学式为(C6H5)3CH。这种无色固体易溶于非极性的有机溶剂，不溶于水。三苯甲烷是许多人工合成染料的基础，这些染料被称为三芳基甲烷染料，其中有多种酸碱指示剂，另一些能发出荧光。有机化学中，三苯甲烷失去一个氢原子得到的三苯甲基基团Ph3C能形成多种化合物，比如三苯氯甲烷，三苯甲基自由基是化学家最早发现的自由基。

Carbamoyl phosphate is a one-carbon compound and an acyl monophosphate. It has a role as an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a carbamoyl phosphate(2-).

四氧嘧啶（2,4,5,6-嘧啶四酮）是嘧啶的一种含氧衍生物。在水溶液中以水合物形式存在。

Octyl gallate is a gallate ester obtained by condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the hydroxy group of octanol. It has a role as a food antioxidant, a plant metabolite and a hypoglycemic agent.

胸苷（Thymidine），是一種醣甘胺（glycosylamine）分子，組成物是鹼基加上核糖。自然界存在的形式其實是去氧胸苷（Deoxythymidine），即鹼基加上環狀去氧核糖，屬於嘧啶類去氧核糖核苷，通常為DNA專有，是DNA的原料之一。 基於上述理由，自然界存在的“化學結構定義的去氧胸苷”，反而常被稱為胸苷；而“化學結構定義的胸苷”，常被稱為5-甲基尿苷（5-Methyluridine，m5U）或核糖胸苷（ribothymidine）。

Levobunolol (trade names AKBeta, Betagan, Vistagan, among others) is a non-selective beta blocker. It is used topically in the form of eye drops to manage ocular hypertension (high pressure in the eye) and open-angle glaucoma.

癸酸乙酯是一种有机化合物，化学式C9H19COOC2H5。

Triacetin is a triglyceride obtained by acetylation of the three hydroxy groups of glycerol. It has fungistatic properties (based on release of acetic acid) and has been used in the topical treatment of minor dermatophyte infections. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a solvent, a fuel additive, an adjuvant, a food additive carrier, a food emulsifier, a food humectant and an antifungal drug. It is functionally related to an acetic acid.

伊波加因（英語：Ibogaine，也译为伊博格碱，或称为：12-甲氧基伊波加明，12-methoxyibogamine）是一种含氮有机化合物，化学式C20H26N2O，是夾竹桃科植物（如Tabernanthe iboga、Voacanga africana和Tabernaemontana undulata）中提取的活性生物鹼，1956年实现全合成。

N-Methyltryptamine is a natural product found in Acacia confusa, Mimosa somnians, and other organisms with data available.

丙泊酚（英語：Propofol），又名异丙酚，商品名得普利麻（Diprivan）及其他。本品為一种短效静脉注射麻醉药，可用於全身麻醉的誘導及維持、成人機械呼吸器或手術的鎮定劑，本品亦可用於治療其他藥物治療無效的癲癇重積狀態。給藥後2分鐘藥效達到最強，且一般可以維持5至10分鐘。 常見的副作用包括心律不整、低血壓、注射部位灼熱感，以及呼吸中止等等。其他嚴重的副作用可能包括癲癇發作。不當使用可能會引起感染、成瘾，長期使用則可能導致丙泊酚輸注症候群。妊娠期間用藥顯為安全，但仍有待進一步研究。但不建議用於剖腹生產。本品並非镇痛药，因此若有鎮痛需求，則可以配合嗎啡等鴉片類藥物使用。但是否可以常規使用迄今未明。本品的部分效果可能與其對GABA受體的作用有關。 丙泊酚最早於1977年發現，美國於1989年核准使用。本品列名於世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单之中，為基礎公衛體系必備藥物之一。本品專利權已過期，可生產通用名药物。在发展中国家，每瓶批發價約介於0.61至8.50美金之間。本品的静脉制剂外观如牛奶一样，常被俗称为「失忆牛奶」、「小牛奶」或「牛奶針」。本品亦可作為兽医用藥物使用。

Vanillin is a member of the class of benzaldehydes carrying methoxy and hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an anti-inflammatory agent, a flavouring agent, an antioxidant and an anticonvulsant. It is a member of phenols, a monomethoxybenzene and a member of benzaldehydes.

巴戟醌（英語：Morindone）是一种蒽醌衍生物，分子式C15H10O5，存在于檄樹（学名：Morinda citrifolia）等巴戟天属（Morinda）植物中。

Lamotrigine is a member of the class of 1,2,4-triazines in which the triazene skeleton is substituted by amino groups at positions 3 and 5, and by a 2,3-dichlorophenyl group at position 6. It has a role as an anticonvulsant, an antimanic drug, an antidepressant, a non-narcotic analgesic, a calcium channel blocker, an excitatory amino acid antagonist, an EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor, an environmental contaminant, a xenobiotic and a geroprotector. It is a member of 1,2,4-triazines, a primary arylamine and a dichlorobenzene.

拉莫三嗪（英語：lamotrigine，LTG）。葛蘭素史克註冊為Lamictal，在南非稱作Lamictin、以色列叫做Lamogine、在台灣稱作樂命達、在南韓則稱라믹탈。是一种苯三嗪类的广谱抗癫痫和抗躁鬱症药物，用于治疗癫痫局限性发作的辅助药物。也可以用于稳定躁鬱症。美国FDA在1998年批准。其半衰期较长（24～30 h），每天可以给药两次。拉莫三嗪的詳細作用機制尚未明瞭，可能是阻斷鈉離子通道。

Ibogamine is a natural product found in Tabernaemontana calcarea with data available.

氯丁二烯，即2-氯-1,3-丁二烯，化学式为CH2CH2。它在室温下是无色液体，主要用作生产氯丁橡胶的单体。 氯丁二烯的工业生产以丁二烯为原料，涉及三步： 氯化，氯气与丁二烯发生加成反应,生成3,4-二氯-1-丁烯和2,3-二氯-2-丁烯的混合物； 异构化，2,3-二氯-2-丁烯转化为3,4-二氯-1-丁烯； 脱卤化氢，用碱处理生成2-氯-1,3-丁二烯。 1983年用此法制得的氯丁二烯大约为两百万吨，杂质主要是1-氯-1,3-丁二烯，可通过蒸馏除去。 1960年以前的制取方法以乙炔为原料。先由乙炔二聚得到乙烯基乙炔，与氯化氢加成得到4-氯-1,2-丁二烯，在氯化亚铜存在下重排，生成氯丁二烯。 该法能源的消耗量较大，投资费用较高，并且中间体乙烯基乙炔也是不稳定的。

Epichlorohydrin is an epoxide that is 1,2-epoxypropene in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by chlorine. It is an organochlorine compound and an epoxide. It is functionally related to a 1,2-epoxypropane.

二苯基砜（英語：Diphenyl sulfone）是一种有机硫化合物，化学式(C6H5)2SO2，常温常压下为白色固体，可溶于有机溶剂。二苯基砜可作为处理高刚性聚合物如聚醚醚酮（PEEK）的高温溶剂。

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid is a tetrol that is butane which is substituted at positions 2 and 3 by 3,4-dihydroxybenzyl groups. Masoprocol, the meso-form found in the leaves of the creosote bush (Larrea divaricata), is a potent lipoxygenase inhibitor. It has a role as an antioxidant, a plant metabolite, a ferroptosis inhibitor and a geroprotector. It is a member of catechols, a tetrol and a lignan.

地利洛非是市场上最强的阿片类拮抗剂（作为拮抗剂的效力比纳洛芬高100倍），并且用于逆转非常强的阿片类物质的作用是，其结合亲和力如此之高以至于纳洛酮不能有效或可靠地逆转麻醉作用。这些超强效的阿片类药物，除了丁丙诺啡以外（由于其部分激动作用而具有改善的安全性），因为人体剂量太小难以正确测量，因此不会用于人体。 因此过量服用的风险会导致致命的呼吸抑制。然而，常规阿片类衍生物的镇静强度不足以使大型动物（如大象和犀牛）迅速镇静，因此埃托啡和卡芬太尼等药物可用于此目的。

Citronellal is a monoterpenoid, the main component of citronella oil which gives it its distinctive lemon aroma. It has a role as a metabolite and an antifungal agent. It is a monoterpenoid and an aldehyde.

2-乙酰基吡啶是一种有机化合物，化学式为CH3COC5H4N。其外观是粘稠无色液体，多见于麦芽，常用作香料，是爆米花、啤酒、墨西哥薄饼等食物的香味来源之一。2-乙酰基吡啶可通过美拉德反应和灰化产生。通过格氏试剂酰化2-溴吡啶可以制备2-乙酰基吡啶。

Trimethylamine is a tertiary amine that is ammonia in which each hydrogen atom is substituted by an methyl group. It has a role as a human xenobiotic metabolite and an Escherichia coli metabolite. It is a tertiary amine and a member of methylamines. It is a conjugate base of a trimethylammonium.

卟（bǔ） 啉（lín）（英語：Porphyrin）又称紫质，是一类由四个吡咯类亚基的α-碳原子通过次甲基桥（=CH-）互联而形成的大分子杂环化合物。其母体化合物为卟吩（porphin，C20H14N4），有取代基的卟吩即称为卟啉。卟啉环有26个π电子，是一个高度共轭的体系，并因此显深色。“卟啉”一词是对其英文名称porphyrin的音译，其英文名则源于希腊语单词πορφύρα (porphyra)，意为紫色，因此卟啉也被称作紫质。卟吩旧称“㗊（léi）”，因此，卟啉旧称“㗊族化合物”。

Baclofen is a monocarboxylic acid that is butanoic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4 and a 4-chlorophenyl group at position 3. It acts as a central nervous system depressant, GABA agonist and muscle relaxant. It has a role as a muscle relaxant, a central nervous system depressant and a GABA agonist. It is a monocarboxylic acid, a primary amino compound, a member of monochlorobenzenes and a gamma-amino acid. It is a tautomer of a baclofen zwitterion.

巴氯芬於 1977 年在美國獲准用於醫療用途。它可作為通用藥物使用。 2020 年，它是美國第 108 位最常用的處方藥，有超過 600 萬張處方。

Iodoform is a member of iodomethanes.

胱胺（英語：Cystamine）是一种有机二硫化物。由胱氨酸受热脱羧反应后形成。胱胺是一种不稳定的液体，一般使用其二盐酸盐 C4H12N2S2·2HCl，后者至203～214°C稳定，高于此温度则分解。食用胱胺有毒，吸入也有潜在危害。

Orellanine is a member of bipyridines.

硫酸孕烯醇酮（英語：Pregnenolone sulfate，缩写PREG-S、PREGS，也可称为孕-5-烯-3β-硫酸酯-20-酮，pregn-5-en-3β-ol-20-one 3β-sulfate）是一种内源性的神经甾体，合成自孕烯醇酮，常作为益智藥和抗抑郁药。

Equilenin is a 3-hydroxy steroid that is estrone which carries two double bonds at positions 6 and 8. It is found in the urine of pregnant mare's and extensively used for estrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. It has a role as a mammalian metabolite and an antioxidant. It is a 3-hydroxy steroid and a 17-oxo steroid.

阿那曲唑（英語：Anastrozole）以商品名Arimidex（安美達錠）等於市面銷售，是一種抗雌激素藥物，用於輔助其他治療方法以治療乳癌。特別是用於治療激素受體陽性乳癌。它也提供予高風險族群作乳癌預防之用。此藥物透過口服方式給藥。 使用阿那曲唑的常見副作用有熱潮紅、情緒波動、關節痛和噁心。嚴重的副作用有增加心血管疾病和骨質疏鬆症的風險。個體於懷孕期間使用可能會傷害胎兒。阿那曲唑屬於芳香化酶抑制劑家族，經由阻止體內雌激素產生而發揮作用。 阿那曲唑於1987年於英國取得專利，並於1995年經美國食品藥物管理局（FDA）核准用作醫療用途。它已被列入世界衛生組織基本藥物標準清單之中。市面上有其通用名藥物流通。此藥物於2021年是美國最常使用處方藥中排名第182，開立的處方箋數量超過200萬張。

Psoralen is a natural product found in Ficus erecta var. beecheyana, Hoita macrostachya, and other organisms with data available.

补骨脂素（英語：Psoralen或psoralene，也称为补骨脂内酯）是许多呋喃香豆素物质的结构母核，化学结构上相当于香豆素上添加了呋喃环，也可以看作是伞形花内酯的衍生物，在补骨脂（学名：Psoralea corylifolia）的种子中发现，常用于長波紫外線光化治療（PUVA）。

Fenoterol is a member of the class resorcinols that is 5-(1-hydroxyethyl)benzene-1,3-diol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-amino group. A beta2-adrenergic agonist, it is used (as the hydrobromide salt) as a bronchodilator in the management of reversible airway obstruction. It has a role as a bronchodilator agent, a sympathomimetic agent, a beta-adrenergic agonist and a tocolytic agent. It is a secondary amino compound, a secondary alcohol and a member of resorcinols.

阿戈司他是用于治疗某些高雪氏症的试验性药物。它由Amicus Therapeutics和沙尔药厂研发，直到2009年因在临床试验中失败而终止研发。阿戈司他以酒石酸盐形式服用。

1-Butene (IUPAC name: But-1-ene, also known as 1-butylene) is the organic compound with the formula CH3CH2CH=CH2. It is a colorless gas. But-1-ene is an alkene easily condensed to give a colorless liquid. It is classified as a linear alpha-olefin (terminal alkene). It is one of the isomers of butene (butylene). It is a precursor to diverse products.

3,4-二氨基吡啶（英語：3,4-diaminopyridine，缩写3,4-DAP，或简称为二氨吡啶，Amifampridine）是一种有机化合物，分子式C5H7N3，常温常压下为浅黄色或者浅棕色晶体，用于治疗藍伯－伊頓肌無力症候群（LEMS）。

Carbonyl sulfide is a one-carbon compound in which the carbon atom is attached to an oxygen and a sulfur atom via double bonds. It is a one-carbon compound and an organosulfur compound.

乙酰胂胺（英語：acetarsol，acetarsone）又称阿西太松、醋氨胂等，是一种抗感染药，对阿米巴原虫等原虫有杀灭的作用，用于治疗急性阿米巴痢疾、滴虫病、阴道鞭毛滴虫病。 1921年由巴斯德研究所的埃内斯特·富尔诺发现，并以商品名Stovarsol进行售卖。乙酰胂胺曾经以口服的形式进行给药，因为毒性原因，后改为栓剂的形式进行局部给药。乙酰胂胺也是合成另一种抗阿米巴感染药物胂硫醇的原料。乙酰胂胺于1997年8月12日从美国市场撤销。

Disulfiram is a natural product found in Coprinopsis atramentaria with data available.

文多灵（英語：Vindoline）是一种有机化合物，分子式C25H32N2O6，属于吲哚生物碱，是长春碱生物合成的前体，由水甘草碱合成。

Ethyl propionate is a natural product found in Opuntia ficus-indica, Malus pumila, and other organisms with data available.

二苯并-18-冠-6是一种苯并冠醚。它是18-冠-6的含苯环衍生物。这种化合物可以由邻苯二酚和二(氯乙基)醚反应制得：

Geniposide is a terpene glycoside.

二氮嗪（英語：Diazoxide）以Proglycem等品牌於市面上銷售，是一種用於治療多種特定原因引起的低血糖藥物，包括無法切除的胰神經內分泌瘤和楓香氨酸敏感性嬰兒低血糖症。也可用於治療難治性磺醯脲類中毒。一般採口服方式給藥。 使用後常見的副作用有高血糖、水腫、血小板減少症、心率加快、毛髮生長加快和噁心。其他嚴重的副作用有肺高壓和心臟衰竭。此藥物的化學性質與噻嗪類利尿劑相似，透過減少胰臟的胰島素釋放和增加肝臟的葡萄糖釋放而發揮作用。 二氮嗪於1973年被美國食品藥物管理局（FDA）批准用於醫療用途。它已被列入世界衛生組織基本藥物標準清單之中。市面上有其通用名藥物流通。 FDA將二氮嗪列為懷孕安全等級C类藥物（動物實驗存在潛在風險、缺乏人類臨床試驗數據及雖然存在潛在風險，但在某些特定情況下，藥物治療益處可能大於對胎兒的潜潛在危害。醫生會權衡利弊後决定是否用藥。）。在動物的繁殖研究顯示該藥物對多個胎兒組織（包括骨骼和心臟組織）具有毒性和致畸型性。二氮嗪可穿越動物的胎盤，導致胎兒胰臟的β細胞退化。但目前尚未確定此藥物在人類懷孕期間的安全性。然而孕婦暴露於該藥物可能會導致新生兒黃疸、血小板减少症以及碳水化合物代謝紊亂（包括脫髮和先天性遺傳多毛症）。哺乳期婦女在服用此藥物之前應諮詢醫生。

Fexofenadine is a piperidine-based anti-histamine compound. It has a role as a H1-receptor antagonist and an anti-allergic agent. It is a member of piperidines and a tertiary amine. It is functionally related to an isobutyric acid.

1-辛烯-3-醇乙酸酯是一种有机化合物，化学式为C10H18O2，也称为乙酸蘑菇酯，是1-辛烯-3-醇和乙酸形成的酯，可由酯化反应制得。它可以以两种对映异构体的形式存在，作为外消旋体得到。它是薰衣草油的成分。

Sulfaguanidine is a sulfonamide. Sulfaguanidine is a guanidine derivative of sulfanilamide used in veterinary medicine. Sulfaguanidine is poorly absorbed from the gut which makes it suitable for the treatment of bacillary dysentery and other enteric infections. Sulphaguanidine (II) was independently prepared by Marshall, Bratton, White, and Litchfield and Roblin, Williams, Winnek, and English in 1940, and introduced for the treatment of bacillary dysentery on the basis of its poor absorption from the gut. Its orally administered route of administration is now well established.

洛匹那韋（Lopinavir）是一種蛋白酶抑製劑類的抗逆转录病毒藥物。 洛匹那韋與另一種蛋白酶抑製劑利托那韋（洛匹那韋/利托那韋）以固定劑量的複方藥配方用於抗HIV感染。

(R)-prunasin is a cyanogenic glycoside related to amygdalin. Chemically, it is the glucoside of (R)-mandelonitrile.

红门兰醇（英語：Orchinol）是一种9,10-二氢菲衍生物，分子式C16H16O3，存在于受感染的四裂红门兰（学名：Orchis militaris）等植物中，有抗真菌活性。

6-Phosphogluconic acid is a natural product found in Arabidopsis thaliana, Homo sapiens, and other organisms with data available.

异硫氰酸甲酯（MITC）是一种有机硫化合物，化学式为CH3NS。这种熔点低的无色固体是强催泪剂。它是各种有价值的生物活性化合物的前体，所以是工业上最重要的有机异硫氰酸酯。

4-Vinylcyclohexene is an organic compound consisting of a vinyl group attached to the 4-position of the cyclohexene ring. It is a colorless liquid. Although chiral, it is used mainly as the racemate. It is a precursor to vinylcyclohexene dioxide.

新烟裂碱（英語：Anabaseine）又称假木贼因，学名3,4,5,6-四氢-2,3′-联吡啶。其为一种从海洋纽虫和长脚家蚁产生的有毒生物碱。 在结构上与尼古丁和假木贼碱相似，对中枢和外周神经系统中大多数烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体可同样起到激动剂作用。

Fenadiazole is a biaryl that is phenol which is substituted at position 2 by a 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl group. Formerly used as a hypnotic drug. It has a role as a sedative. It is a member of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles, a member of phenols and a biaryl.

加兰他敏（學名：Galantamine；商品名包括Razadyne、Reminyl等），用于治疗轻度至中度阿尔茨海默病和各种其他记忆障碍导致的认知衰退。它是一种已从高加索雪蓮（學名Galanthus caucasicus）、Voronov雪莲（Galanthus woronowii）、以及一些石蒜科的其他成员，如水仙（Narcissus）、夏雪片莲和包括紅花石蒜（红蜘蛛百合）（Lycoris radiata）的石蒜属植物的花和鳞茎中分离的生物碱。它也可以合成生产。 对现代医学用法的研究始于1950年代的苏联。1956年，保加利亚化学家D. Paskov和他的团队首次从雪钟花（Galanthus nivalis）球茎中分离出了加兰他敏。]提取，鉴定和研究活性成分，特别是有关其抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的特性。第一个工业过程于1959年开发。但是，直到1990年代，才对大规模合成进行了大规模升级和优化。

Riluzole is a member of benzothiazoles.

艾地苯醌（英語：Idebenone）是一种有机化合物，化学名：6-(10-羟基癸基)-2,3-二甲氧基-5-甲基-1,4-苯醌，分子式C19H30O5，是辅酶Q10的结构类似物，由武田藥品工業开发作为治疗阿茲海默症等認知疾病的药物使用。

Butylamines are several related chemical compounds:

麦司明（英語：Myosmine）是一种含氮有机化合物，化学式C9H10N2，是一种存在于烟叶以及其它植物中的生物碱，结构上与尼古丁类似，对芳香化酶的抑制能力强于尼古丁。

Ibotenic acid is a natural product found in Amanita gemmata, Amanita muscaria, and other organisms with data available.

半方酸是一种有机化合物，化学式为C4H2O3，它在自然界以钠盐或钾盐的形式存在于鐮孢菌屬一些生物的次级代谢产物中。 它是在自然界中存在的最强的有机酸（pKa=0.88），水貂对其毒性最为敏感。

Taurine is an amino sulfonic acid that is the 2-amino derivative of ethanesulfonic acid. It is a naturally occurring amino acid derived from methionine and cysteine metabolism. An abundant component of fish- and meat-based foods, it has been used as an oral supplement in the treatment of disorders such as cystic fibrosis and hypertension. It has a role as a human metabolite, an antioxidant, a mouse metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a glycine receptor agonist, a nutrient and a radical scavenger. It is a conjugate acid of a 2-aminoethanesulfonate. It is a tautomer of a taurine zwitterion.

“牛磺酸”是因为发现者弗里德里希·蒂德曼（Friedrich Tiedemann）和利奥波德·格梅林最先从牛的胆汁中提取出来而得名。

Bendiocarb is a carbamate ester and a member of benzodioxoles. It has a role as an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, a carbamate insecticide and an agrochemical. It is functionally related to a methylcarbamic acid.

三氧化二钛（Ti2O3）是一种钛的氧化物。金属钛与二氧化钛在1600°C下反应可得三氧化二钛。 Ti2O3与刚玉（α-Al2O3）结构相似。它可以与氧化性酸反应。它能导电，200°C以下为半导体，超过此温度即为电子导电（类似于金属）。

Methotrexate is a member of pteridines, a monocarboxylic acid amide and a dicarboxylic acid. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, an antirheumatic drug, an EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor, a DNA synthesis inhibitor, an abortifacient, a dermatologic drug, an antimetabolite and an immunosuppressive agent. It is functionally related to a L-glutamic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a methotrexate(1-).

奥美沙坦（英語：olmesartan (商品名：Benicar (美国)、Olmetec (欧洲)) 是一款血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂药物，用于治疗高血压症。 前体药物奥美沙坦酯在国际市场上以日本第一三共制药生产的品牌、印度基达斯卡迪拉公司（Zydus Cadila）生产的Olmy牌 以及印度兰伯西实验室有限公司生产的Olvance品牌。

Phenylhydrazine is a phenylhydrazine that is the monophenyl derivative of hydrazine. It has a role as a xenobiotic.

二嗪磷（英語：Diazinon），学名硫代磷酸-O,O-二乙基-O-(2-异丙基-4-甲基-6-嘧啶基)酯，是一种广谱性有机磷杀虫剂。

Cyclododecanone is a cyclic ketone.

環十二酮是一種有机化合物，化學式為(CH2)11CO。它是一種環酮，在室溫下為白色固體。环十二烷经環十二醇的氧化反应可得環十二酮。 環十二酮主要用作1,12-十二烷二酸和十二内酰胺的前體，它們本身是某些特製尼龙的前體。有少量環十二酮會被轉換成环十六酮，用於一些香水中。

Deguelin is a derivative of rotenone. Both are compounds classified as rotenoids of the flavonoid family and are naturally occurring insecticides. They can be produced by extraction from several plant species belonging to three genera of the legume family, Fabaceae: Lonchocarpus, Derris, or Tephrosia. Cubé resin, the root extract from cubé (Lonchocarpus utilis) and from barbasco (Lonchocarpus urucu), is used as a commercial insecticide and piscicide (fish poison). The major active ingredients are rotenone and deguelin. Although "organic" (produced by nature) cubé resin is no longer considered environmentally safe.

丙烯醛（IUPAC名称：2-丙烯醛）是最简单的α,β-不饱和羰基化合物，化学式为C3H4O，在通常情况下是无色透明有恶臭的液体，其蒸气有很强的刺激性和催泪性。是化工中很重要的合成中间体，广泛用于树脂生产和有机合成中。

Pinane is a natural product found in Salvia officinalis with data available.

氟氯西林，英文名Flucloxacillin(INN)， 又名氟氯苯甲异恶唑青霉素钠、氟氯青、氟氯青霉素钠、氟氯西林、氟沙星、奥佛林、氟氯苯唑青霉素钠。是一种半合成的耐青霉素酶的青霉素。

Pentazocine is a benzazocine.

甲基丙二酸 (Methylmalonic acid，MMA)是一种二羧酸，是丙二酸的甲基化衍生物，丁二酸（琥珀酸）的同分异构体。

Cacodylic acid is an organoarsenic compound with the formula (CH3)2AsO2H. With the formula R2As(O)OH, it is the simplest of the arsinic acids. It is a colorless solid that is soluble in water. Neutralization of cacodylic acid with base gives cacodylate salts, e.g. sodium cacodylate. They are potent herbicides. Cacodylic acid/sodium cacodylate is a buffering agent in the preparation and fixation of biological samples for electron microscopy and in protein crystallography.

二甲胂酸是一种有机砷化合物，化学式为(CH3)2AsO2H。简称R2As(O)OH，是最简单的胂酸。它是一种无色固体，可溶于水。 用碱中和二甲胂酸得到二甲胂酸盐，例如二甲胂酸钠。它们是强效除草剂。二甲胂酸/二甲胂酸钠是制备和固定用于电子显微镜的生物样品的缓冲剂。

Aspartame is a dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the alpha-carboxy group of L-aspartic acid with the amino group of methyl L-phenylalaninate. Commonly used as an artificial sweetener. It has a role as a sweetening agent, a nutraceutical, a micronutrient, a xenobiotic, an environmental contaminant, an apoptosis inhibitor and an EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor. It is a dipeptide, a carboxylic acid and a methyl ester. It is functionally related to a L-aspartic acid and a methyl L-phenylalaninate. It is a tautomer of an aspartame zwitterion.

澳洲茄碱是一種有毒的化學物質，是澳洲茄胺的糖苷。澳洲茄碱會在出現在茄科植物中。 澳洲茄边碱也是一種不成功的抗癌用藥Coramsine中的成份之一，另一種主要成份是澳洲茄边碱。Coramsine只進行到初步臨床試驗，因結果不夠充份而停止開發。

Phenylboronic acid or benzeneboronic acid, abbreviated as PhB(OH)2 where Ph is the phenyl group C6H5- and B(OH)2 is a boronic acid containing a phenyl substituent and two hydroxyl groups attached to boron. Phenylboronic acid is a white powder and is commonly used in organic synthesis. Boronic acids are mild Lewis acids which are generally stable and easy to handle, making them important to organic synthesis.

喹㗁啉（苯并吡嗪）（ quinoxaline，benzopyrazine）是一种杂环化合物，化学式C8H6N2，由一个苯环与一个吡嗪环稠合而成。喹㗁啉也可看做萘环的两个CH被N原子替换，这样的结构称为萘啶，其同分异构体还有喹唑啉，酞嗪，噌啉等。

Mebendazole (MBZ), sold under the brand name Vermox among others, is a medication used to treat a number of parasitic worm infestations. This includes ascariasis, pinworm infection, hookworm infections, guinea worm infections, hydatid disease, and giardia, among others. It is taken by mouth. Mebendazole is usually well tolerated. Common side effects include headache, vomiting, and ringing in the ears. If used at large doses it may cause bone marrow suppression. It is unclear if it is safe in pregnancy. Mebendazole is a broad-spectrum antihelminthic agent of the benzimidazole type. Mebendazole came into use in 1971, after it was developed by Janssen Pharmaceutica in Belgium. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Mebendazole is available as a generic medication.

甲苯咪唑的藥物耐受性很高。常見的副作用有頭痛、嘔吐以及耳鳴。使用過大劑量的話恐有骨髓抑制的疑慮 。在懷孕期間使用的安全性之研究尚不明確 。甲苯咪唑是種可廣泛使用苯並咪唑類的驅蟲藥劑。 甲苯咪唑在1971年開始正式使用，是名列世界衛生組織基本藥物標準清單中的藥品，也是基礎醫療系統裡的重要藥物之一。此藥也是作為通用名藥品在使用。單劑的量販價大約介於0.004到0.04美元間 。在美國，一劑的售價約為18美元。

Kainic acid, or kainate, is an acid that naturally occurs in some seaweed. Kainic acid is a potent neuroexcitatory amino acid agonist that acts by activating receptors for glutamate, the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Glutamate is produced by the cell's metabolic processes and there are four major classifications of glutamate receptors: NMDA receptors, AMPA receptors, kainate receptors, and the metabotropic glutamate receptors. Kainic acid is an agonist for kainate receptors, a type of ionotropic glutamate receptor. Kainate receptors likely control a sodium channel that produces excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) when glutamate binds. Kainic acid is commonly injected into laboratory animal models to study the effects of experimental ablation. Kainic acid is a direct agonist of the glutamic kainate receptors and large doses of concentrated solutions produce immediate neuronal death by overstimulating neurons to death. Such damage and death of neurons is referred to as an excitotoxic lesion. Thus, in large, concentrated doses kainic acid can be considered a neurotoxin, and in small doses of dilute solution kainic acid will chemically stimulate neurons. In fact, kainate seems to regulate serotonergic activity in the vertebrate retina. Electrical stimulation of designated areas of the brain are generally administered by passing an electric current through a wire that is inserted into the brain to lesion a particular area of the brain. Electrical stimulation indiscriminately destroys anything in the vicinity of the electrode tip, including neural bodies and axons of neurons passing through; therefore it is difficult to attribute the effects of the lesion to a single area. Chemical stimulation is typically administered through a cannula that is inserted into the brain via stereotactic surgery. Chemical stimulation, while more complicated than electrical stimulation, has the distinct advantage of activating cell bodies, but not nearby axons, because only cell bodies and subsequent dendrites contain glutamate receptors. Therefore, chemical stimulation by kainic acid is more localized than electrical stimulation. Both chemical and electrical lesions potentially cause additional damage to the brain due to the very nature of the inserted electrode or cannula. Therefore, the most effective ablation studies are performed in comparison to a sham lesion that duplicates all the steps of producing a brain lesion except the one that actually causes the brain damage, that is, injection of kainic acid or administration of an electrical shock.

氰酸盐是氰酸根离子OCN−的盐，负电荷主要在氮原子上。例如氰酸钾KOCN。 氰酸酯是含有OCN官能团的有机化合物。 氰酸根离子具有以下两个共振式： 因此共振杂化体可以下式表示： 氰酸根离子与二氧化碳是等电子体，也为直线型结构。与氰离子相比，氰酸根离子毒性非常低，很多情况下都是将剧毒的氰化物氧化成微毒的氰酸盐处理掉，常使用高锰酸盐作为氧化剂。 亲核取代反应中，氰酸根离子是两位亲核试剂，既可在氧端进攻生成氰酸酯R-OCN（少），也可于氮端进攻生成异氰酸酯R-NCO（主要）。芳基氰酸酯（C6H5OCN）可用酚与氯化氰在碱存在下反应制备。 雷酸根离子[ONC]−是氰酸根离子的結構異構體。

Cathinone is the S stereoisomer of 2-aminopropiophenone. It has a role as a central nervous system stimulant and a psychotropic drug. It is a 2-aminopropiophenone and a monoamine alkaloid.

菊酸（chrysanthemic acid）是和各种天然或合成杀虫剂有关的有机化合物的一种。该物质与除虫菊酯、拟除虫菊酯有关，许多合成的拟除虫菊酯，都是菊酸酯。

Cysteine (symbol Cys or C; ) is a semiessential proteinogenic amino acid with the formula HOOC−CH(−NH2)−CH2−SH. The thiol side chain in cysteine often participates in enzymatic reactions as a nucleophile. Cysteine is chiral, but both D and L-cysteine are found in nature. L‑Cysteine is a protein monomer in all biota, and D-cysteine acts as a signaling molecule in mammalian nervous systems. Cysteine is named after its discovery in urine, which comes from the urinary bladder or cyst, from Greek κύστη kýsti, "bladder". The thiol is susceptible to oxidation to give the disulfide derivative cystine, which serves an important structural role in many proteins. In this case, the symbol Cyx is sometimes used. The deprotonated form can generally be described by the symbol Cym as well. When used as a food additive, cysteine has the E number E920. Cysteine is encoded by the codons UGU and UGC.

环丙烯是一种有机化合物，分子式为C3H4，它是最简单的环烯烃。由于三元环张力较大，环丙烯的反应性很强并难以制备。环丙烯是无色气体，被用于成键和反应活性的基础研究。自然环境下不会自发地产生环丙烯，但一些脂肪酸中含有它的衍生物，1-甲基环丙烯衍生物可以用于果蔬花卉的保鲜。

Pyrroloquinoline quinone is a pyrroloquinoline having oxo groups at the 4- and 5-positions and carboxy groups at the 2-, 7- and 9-positions. It has a role as a water-soluble vitamin (role), a cofactor, an antioxidant and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is a member of orthoquinones, a tricarboxylic acid and a pyrroloquinoline cofactor. It is a conjugate acid of a pyrroloquinoline quinone(3-).

棉子糖（英語：Raffinose，也称棉籽糖、蜜三糖。结构式为：α-D-半乳糖-α-D-葡萄糖-β-D-果糖）是主要存在于棉子和甜菜中一种非还原性三糖，在所有三糖中与人类的关系较大，因为棉子饼可被用作饲料或油料，甜菜主要用于制造蔗糖，都是常见的农作物。α-半乳糖激酶(α-GAL)可以将棉子糖水解为蔗糖与半乳糖，这在工业生产中可被用来提高甜菜的产蔗糖量。人体消化道没有这种酶，因而无法水解利用棉子糖。棉子糖进入人体结肠后，被产气菌酵解利用，产生肠气。这也是吃豆类（富含棉子糖）会有肠气的原因。 棉子糖可由棉籽饼磨粉水解或甜菜糖蜜制得。 棉子糖作为一种低聚糖，可服用以调节肠道菌群。

Hexestrol is a stilbenoid.

甲磺酸乙酯（英語：Ethyl methanesulfonate，缩写EMS）是分子式为C3H8SO3的有机化合物，可用作致突变剂和致畸形剂。其致突变原理为烷基化核苷酸中的碱基，特别是鸟嘌呤（G）。

Propylamine, also known as n-propylamine, is an amine with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)2NH2. It is a colorless volatile liquid. Propylamine is a weak base. Its Kb (base dissociation constant) is 4.7 × 10−4.

醋酸地塞米松是一种治疗过敏性和自體免疫性炎症性的白色乳膏。主要应用于局限性瘙痒症、神经性皮炎、接触性皮炎等疾病的激素类药物。

L-lanthionine is the L-enantiomer of lanthionine. It is a lanthionine, a non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid and a L-alanine derivative. It is a tautomer of a L-lanthionine dizwitterion.

白芷素（Angelicin）是呋喃香豆素的一种，分子式C11H6O3，存在于欧白芷根部提取物精油中。由德国药学家布克纳于1842年发现。 。

Valine is a branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a Daphnia magna metabolite. It is a branched-chain amino acid and an alpha-amino acid. It contains an isopropyl group. It is a conjugate base of a valinium. It is a conjugate acid of a valinate.

辛可尼定（英語：Cinchonidine）是一种有机化合物，化学式为C19H22N2O，属于含氮生物鹼，存在于正鸡纳树（Cinchona officinalis）等植物中，用于有机化学的不对称合成，辛可宁是其非对映异构体。

Isonicotinic acid is a pyridinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is at position 4 of the pyridine ring. It has a role as a human metabolite and an algal metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of an isonicotinate.

孕三烯酮（英語：Gestrinone）是一种用于治疗子宮內膜異位症的药物，也用于治疗子宮肌瘤、經血過多以及进行生育控制。孕三烯酮通常单独使用，不与其他药物联合使用，可由口服给药或阴道内给药。

Iohexol, sold under the trade name Omnipaque among others, is a contrast agent used for X-ray imaging. This includes when visualizing arteries, veins, ventricles of the brain, the urinary system, and joints, as well as during computed tomography (CT scan). It is given by mouth, injection into a vein, or into a body cavity. Side effects include vomiting, skin flushing, headache, itchiness, kidney problems, and low blood pressure. Less commonly allergic reactions or seizures may occur. Allergies to povidone-iodine or shellfish do not affect the risk of side effects more than other allergies. Use in the later part of pregnancy may cause hypothyroidism in the baby. Iohexol is an iodinated non-ionic radiocontrast agent. It is in the low osmolar family. Iohexol was approved for medical use in 1985. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

甲醛缩二甲醇，简称甲缩醛，结构式CH2(OCH3)2。

Acetamide (systematic name: ethanamide) is an organic compound with the formula CH3CONH2. It is an amide derived from ammonia and acetic acid. It finds some use as a plasticizer and as an industrial solvent. The related compound N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) is more widely used, but it is not prepared from acetamide. Acetamide can be considered an intermediate between acetone, which has two methyl (CH3) groups either side of the carbonyl (CO), and urea which has two amide (NH2) groups in those locations. Acetamide is also a naturally occurring mineral with the IMA symbol: Ace.

3-甲基-2-戊酮（甲基仲丁基酮）是一种脂肪酮，为2-己酮的异构体，被用作溶剂，也可作为合成的中间体。其工业重要性很低。 在碱催化下，丁酮和乙醛发生羟醛缩合反应，生成4-羟基-3-甲基-2-戊酮，在酸催化下脱水生成3-甲基-3-戊烯-2-酮，接着用钯催化剂催化加氢，得到3-甲基-2-戊酮。

Tranexamic acid is a monocarboxylic acid. It has a role as an antifibrinolytic drug and a hematologic agent. It is functionally related to a cyclohexanecarboxylic acid.

阿普洛尔（英语：Alprenolol），或叫烯丙洛尔，是一种非选择性β受体阻滞剂以及5-HT1A和5-HT1B受体拮抗剂，用于治疗心绞痛。它不再由阿斯利康销售，但仍可从其他制药公司购买。

Phenylacetone is a propanone that is propan-2-one substituted by a phenyl group at position 1. It is a member of propanones and a methyl ketone.

柠檬黄（英語：Tartrazine），是一个人工合成的偶氮类酸性染料，主要用作食品、饮料、医药和日用化妆品的着色剂，E编码为E102，也用于羊毛、蚕丝的染色及制造色淀。

Pentobarbital (US) or pentobarbitone (British and Australian) is a short-acting barbiturate typically used as a sedative, a preanesthetic, and to control convulsions in emergencies. It can also be used for short-term treatment of insomnia but has been largely replaced by the benzodiazepine family of drugs. In high doses, pentobarbital causes death by respiratory arrest. It is used for veterinary euthanasia and is used by some US states and the United States federal government for executions of convicted criminals by lethal injection. In some countries and states, it is also used for physician-assisted suicide. Pentobarbital was widely abused beginning in the late 1930s and sometimes known as "yellow jackets" due to the yellow color of Nembutal-branded capsules. Pentobarbital in oral (pill) form is not commercially available. Pentobarbital was developed by Ernest H. Volwiler and Donalee L. Tabern at Abbott Laboratories in 1930.

吡咯啉（Pyrroline），又称二氢吡咯，是五元的部分不饱和含氮杂环化合物的统称，它包括以下三个异构体： 1-吡咯啉为一个环状的亚胺。2-吡咯啉为环状的烯胺。3-吡咯啉为环状的不饱和胺。吡咯啉环的结构存在于很多天然产物中，天然存在的卟啉就含有吡咯和吡咯啉环交替出现的结构，它们之间靠次甲基（=CH-）桥相连。

Marmesin is a member of psoralens and a tertiary alcohol.

齊拉西酮（Ziprasidone），以 Geodon 等品牌上市，是一種非典型抗精神病藥(AAP；SGAs)，用於治療思覺失調症（舊稱：精神分裂症）以及伴有躁鬱症相關的急性狂躁症與激越性抑鬱症。其立即釋放藥性的肌肉注射形式被批准用於精神分裂症患者的急性精神運動性激越症。齊拉西酮也可用於情緒抑鬱症狀、躁鬱症的治療，與創傷後壓力症候群（PTSD）等症狀的藥品仿單標示外使用之治療藥物。 齊拉西酮的口服給藥是以鹽酸鹽，齊拉西酮鹽酸鹽(ziprasidone hydrochloride)等的藥形。另一方面，肌肉注射(IM)給藥是以甲磺酸鹽、齊拉西酮甲磺酸鹽三水合物(ziprasidone mesylate trihydrate；三水合物甲磺酸齊拉西酮)等的藥形，並以凍乾粉末形式提供。齊拉西酮於2001年2月5日在美國獲得批准上市。

Leucine (symbol Leu or L) is an essential amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Leucine is an α-amino acid, meaning it contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH3+ form under biological conditions), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated −COO− form under biological conditions), and a side chain isobutyl group, making it a non-polar aliphatic amino acid. It is essential in humans, meaning the body cannot synthesize it: it must be obtained from the diet. Human dietary sources are foods that contain protein, such as meats, dairy products, soy products, and beans and other legumes. It is encoded by the codons UUA, UUG, CUU, CUC, CUA, and CUG. Leucine is named after the Greek word for "white": λευκός (leukós, "white"), after its common appearance as a white powder, a property it shares with many other amino acids. Like valine and isoleucine, leucine is a branched-chain amino acid. The primary metabolic end products of leucine metabolism are acetyl-CoA and acetoacetate; consequently, it is one of the two exclusively ketogenic amino acids, with lysine being the other. It is the most important ketogenic amino acid in humans. Leucine and β-hydroxy β-methylbutyric acid, a minor leucine metabolite, exhibit pharmacological activity in humans and have been demonstrated to promote protein biosynthesis via the phosphorylation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR).

乙内酰脲，也称海因（Hydantoin），学名咪唑啉啶-2,4-二酮，是一个五元含氮饱和杂环化合物。它可以看作一分子乙醇酸和一分子尿素发生两次缩合后生成的产物。是咪唑的衍生物，属于双内酰胺和酰亚胺类。是一些药物的核心结构。

Tremetone is a constituent of the toxic compound tremetol, found in snakeroot (Ageratina altissima), that causes milk sickness in humans and trembles in livestock. Tremetone is the main constituent of at least 11 chemically related substances in tremetol. Tremetone is toxic to fish, but not to chicken, and is therefore not the major toxic compound in tremetol. Tremetol can be found in a number of different species of the family Asteraceae, including snakeroot and rayless goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora).

1-羟基芘（英語：1-Hydroxypyrene）是一种多环芳香烃衍生物，化学式C16H10O，出现在暴露于空氣污染的户外工作者的尿液中，是人体代谢芘等多环芳香烃的产物。

Chloromethyl methyl ether (CMME) is a compound with formula CH3OCH2Cl. A colorless liquid, it is a chloroalkyl ether. It is used as an alkylating agent. In organic synthesis, it is used for introducing the methoxymethyl ether (MOM) protecting group, and is thus often called MOM-Cl or MOM chloride. It also finds application as a chloromethylating agent in some variants of the Blanc chloromethylation.

比布列希猩紅（C.I. 26905）是一種用於利利三色染法的染色劑。它的游离酸（CAS号：25317-38-8 ）是已知的。 它的最大吸收波长为506 nm。

Methyl propionate is a carboxylic ester.

乙苯（英語：Ethylbenzene，分子式：C6H5CH2CH3）是一个芳香族的有机化合物。它是一种无色极易燃的液体，有汽油味。乙苯在石油化工业中非常重要，因为它可以用来制备苯乙烯——常见塑料材料聚苯乙烯的前体。2012年，有超过99%的乙苯都用来制造苯乙烯。

Glycidol is an epoxide and a primary alcohol. It is functionally related to a 1,2-epoxypropane.

乙酸异戊酯（化学式：C7H14O2）是乙酸与異戊醇所成的酯。

Perflubron (INN/USAN, or perfluorooctyl bromide; brand name Imagent) is a contrast medium for magnetic resonance imaging, computer tomography and sonography. It was approved for this use in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration in 1993.

乙米韦林（INN：Emivirine；开发代号：MKC-442）是一种治疗HIV的实验性药物，但研发失败了。它是一种非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂。虽然乙米韦林在体外显示积极的抗病毒活性，但在人体试验中未能显示出足够的功效。然而，它作为一个早期的概念证明仍然值得注意，它导致了许多相关抗病毒药物的发现。

Phthalimide is the organic compound with the formula C6H4(CO)2NH. It is the imide derivative of phthalic anhydride. It is a sublimable white solid that is slightly soluble in water but more so upon addition of base. It is used as a precursor to other organic compounds as a masked source of ammonia.

阿離胺酸（英語：Allysine，也常根据结构写作ε-醛赖氨酸）是赖氨酸的氧化衍生物，用於彈性蛋白以及膠原的製備。阿離胺酸的生成需要酵素賴胺醯氧化酶在胞外基質的催化，並且阿離胺酸在交聯結構的形成扮演了重要的角色，能夠使彈性蛋白和膠原更為穩定。

Methoxyacetic acid is a monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a methoxy group. It has a role as a human xenobiotic metabolite, an apoptosis inducer, a mutagen and an antineoplastic agent. It is a monocarboxylic acid and an ether. It is functionally related to an acetic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a methoxyacetate.

季戊四醇四硝酸酯（代号PETN），也称戊四硝酯、太安、太恩、膨梯尔，是军事和民用领域较常使用的炸药之一，具有热安定性好、威力大的特性，常作为低爆速、低密度炸药敏化剂和直径较小传爆器件的装药使用。季戊四醇四硝酸酯是典型的硝酸酯类炸药，但因其具有对称性较好的分子结构，它的热安定性明显优于硝酸甘油与其他硝酸酯类物质。 为便于叙述，下文统一称季戊四醇四硝酸酯为太安。

Ibogamine is a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid with formula C19H24N2. It is isolated from the flowering plant genus, Tabernaemontana and exhibits anti-addictive properties. It has a role as an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, a plant metabolite and a oneirogen. It is an indole alkaloid fundamental parent, an organic heteropentacyclic compound, a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It is a conjugate base of an ibogamine(1+).

常见的副作用包括恶心、失眠、产生攻击性、腹泻、疲劳和肌肉痉挛，严重的副作用可能包括心律不整、膀胱排尿困难、癲癇發作 。多奈哌齐是一种中枢作用的可逆性乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂。

Amorolfine (or amorolfin), is a morpholine antifungal drug that inhibits Δ14-sterol reductase and cholestenol Δ-isomerase, which depletes ergosterol and causes ignosterol to accumulate in the fungal cytoplasmic cell membranes. Marketed as Curanail, Loceryl, Locetar, and Odenil, amorolfine is commonly available in the form of a nail lacquer, containing 5% amorolfine hydrochloride as the active ingredient. It is used to treat onychomycosis (fungal infection of the toe- and fingernails). Amorolfine 5% nail lacquer in once-weekly or twice-weekly applications was shown in two decades-old studies to be between 60% and 71% effective in treating toenail onychomycosis; complete cure rates three months after stopping treatment (after six months of treatment) were 38% and 46%. However, full experimental details of these trials were not available, and since they were first reported in 1992 there have been no subsequent trials. It is a topical solution for the treatment of toenail infections. Systemic treatments may be considered more effective. It is approved for sale over-the-counter in Australia, Brazil, Russia, Germany, and the UK, and is approved for the treatment of toenail fungus by prescription in other countries. It is not approved for the treatment of onychomycosis in the United States or Canada. However, it can be ordered from there by mail from other countries.

乙酸镁，化学式(CH3COO)2Mg。

Nobelium is an actinoid atom and a f-block element atom.

鍩（nuò）（英語：Nobelium），是一種人工合成的化學元素，其化學符號为No，原子序數为102，是第十個超鈾元素及倒數第二個錒系元素，為一種具極高放射性的金屬元素，其壽命最長的同位素鍩-259的半衰期僅58分鐘，而化學上最常使用的是可被較大規模製造的鍩-255（半衰期3.52分鐘）。如同所有原子序超過100的重元素（即超鐨元素，transfermium element），鍩無法通過中子捕獲生成，只能在粒子加速器中，由粒子撞擊較輕之元素生成。由於鍩無法大量生產且其所有同位素的半衰期都很短，目前在基礎科學研究之外沒有任何用途。

Tomatine (sometimes called tomatin or lycopersicin) is a glycoalkaloid, found in the stems and leaves of tomato plants, and in the fruits at much lower concentrations. Chemically pure tomatine is a white crystalline solid at standard temperature and pressure. Tomatine is sometimes confused with the glycoalkaloid solanine.

杀虫脒（英語：Chlordimeform）是一种杀螨剂（杀虫剂），对蜱、螨以及一些鱗翅目昆虫的卵和早龄幼虫有杀伤作用。国际癌症研究机构的一份报告给出了足够的证据证明杀虫脒的一种代谢产物是致癌物質，此后它的使用在大多数国家被禁止。

Stannane is a mononuclear parent hydride and a tin hydride.

利谷隆是光系统 II的抑制剂。

Nortriptyline is an organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline. It has a role as a drug metabolite, an antidepressant, an adrenergic uptake inhibitor, an analgesic, an antineoplastic agent and an apoptosis inducer. It is an organic tricyclic compound and a secondary amine. It is functionally related to an amitriptyline. It derives from a hydride of a dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene.

丁香宁（英語：Eugenin）是一种有机化合物，化学式C11H10O4，属于色原酮衍生物，存在于丁子香（Syzygium aromaticum）等植物中，也是胡萝卜（Daucus carota）中的苦味化合物之一。

Norpseudoephedrine may refer to: Cathine (or D-norpseudoephedrine), the (+)-enantiomer and most widely known form of the compound L-Norpseudoephedrine, the (-)-enantiomer of the compound (±)-norpseudoephedrine, the racemic mixture of the compound

二环己胺（英語：Dicyclohexylamine）是一种仲胺，带有二个环己基，分子式HN(C6H11)2。它在常温常压下为无色液体，但商品二环己胺通常带有黄色。它可用作合成其它化合物的前体。

Chloromethane is a natural product found in Biflustra perfragilis with data available.

5-氟胞嘧啶（英語：Flucytosine，简写为5-FC或f5C）是一种抗真菌药物，与两性霉素B一起用于严重的念珠菌感染和隐球菌病。它也可以单独使用或与其他抗真菌药一起用于产色霉菌病病。氟胞嘧啶通常口服并通过静脉注射使用。 常见的副作用包括骨髓抑制，食欲不振，腹泻，呕吐和精神病。偶尔发生过敏反应，目前尚不清楚怀孕期间使用是否对婴儿安全。氟胞嘧啶属于氟化嘧啶类似物药物家族，它通过在真菌内转化为5-氟尿嘧啶而起作用，阻断其細胞轉譯合成蛋白质的能力。 氟胞嘧啶最早于1956年取得專利，並於1962年投入醫療使用，属于世界卫生组织基本药物清单，是卫生系统所需的最有效和最安全的药物。

Mexiletine (INN) (sold under the brand names Mexitil and Namuscla) is a medication used to treat abnormal heart rhythms, chronic pain, and some causes of muscle stiffness. Common side effects include abdominal pain, chest discomfort, drowsiness, headache, and nausea. It works as a non-selective voltage-gated sodium channel blocker and belongs to the Class IB group of anti-arrhythmic medications.

环丁烯是四个碳的环烯烃，分子式为C4H6。它目前没有实际用途，不过有研究兴趣。它是一种无色，易浓缩的气体。它现在的制备涉及了环丁醇的两步水解。 环丁烯首次制备是由铵盐 [C4H7NMe3]OH 的热分解而成。 环丁烯会异构化成 1,3-丁二烯。这个强烈放热反应是由于环张力导致的。以它对应的全氟化合物比较，六氟环丁烯不异构化成1,3-全氟丁二烯。

Antimony trichloride is an inorganic chloride salt with formula SbCl3. It is used as a reagent for detecting vitamin A and related carotenoids, reacting with the carotenoid to form a blue complex that can be measured by colorimetry (the Carr-Price test). Solutions of antimony trichloride were formerly used for dissolving and removing horn stubs from calves and goats. It has a role as a Lewis acid, an apoptosis inducer and a colorimetric reagent. It is an antimony molecular entity and an inorganic chloride. It derives from a hydride of a stibane.

正丁醛，简称丁醛，结构式CH3CH2CH2CHO。

Pyridoxine is a hydroxymethylpyridine with hydroxymethyl groups at positions 4 and 5, a hydroxy group at position 3 and a methyl group at position 2. The 4-methanol form of vitamin B6, it is converted intoto pyridoxal phosphate which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters, sphingolipids and aminolevulinic acid. It has a role as a cofactor, a human metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a monohydroxypyridine, a vitamin B6, a member of methylpyridines and a hydroxymethylpyridine.

猪胆酸（英語：Hyocholic acid，也被称为3α,6α,7α-三羟基-5β-胆烷-24-羧酸，3α,6α,7α-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid）是猪胆汁酸的主要成分，在人类胆汁酸中有很低的浓度。猪胆酸和人类胆汁酸的主要成分之一胆酸的不同在于第三个羟基基团位于6-号碳原子的α-位而不是12α位。人类胆汁酸的另一种主要成分鹅去氧胆酸则既没有6-号位也没有12-号位的羟基基团。另外，猪胆酸也和大鼠的鼠胆酸不同，α和β鼠胆酸的6号位都为6β-羟基。

2-Phosphoglyceric acid is a natural product found in Homo sapiens, Candida albicans, and other organisms with data available.

C6H5CH2Cl + C6H6 → (C6H5)2CH2 + HCl

3-Methyl-1-pentanol (IUPAC name: 3-methylpentan-1-ol) is an organic chemical compound. It occurs naturally in Capsicum frutescens, the tabasco pepper.

3-甲基-1-戊醇（英語：3-Methyl-1-pentanol，IUPAC名：3-methylpentan-1-ol）是一种伯醇类的有机化合物，存在于辣椒属的小米辣（Capsicum frutescens）。它可以通过2-甲基-1-丁醇和甲醛的反应产生。

Tungsten hexachloride is a tungsten coordination entity.

一氯乙酸，也称氯乙酸、氯代乙酸，是一个有机羧酸，化学式为ClCH2CO2H。一氯乙酸是有机合成中的重要试剂，为有潜在危险的烷基化试剂。

Cycloartane is a triterpene that is lanostane in which there is a methylene bridge between the 5- and 9-positions. It derives from a hydride of a lanostane.

异丁醛，ICPAU系统名称为2-甲基丙醛，属醛类，是一种具有分子式(CH3)2CHCHO的有机化合物，与正丁醛（丁醛）是同分异构体。工业上通过丙烯氢甲酰化的副反应制备。异丁醛的气味类似于湿的谷物或稻草。尽管异丁它具有阿尔法氢原子，它也能发生坎尼扎罗反应。

Dextroamphetamine (INN: dexamfetamine) is a potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulant and enantiomer of amphetamine that is prescribed for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. It is also used as an athletic performance and cognitive enhancer, and recreationally as an aphrodisiac and euphoriant. Dextroamphetamine is generally regarded as the prototypical stimulant. The amphetamine molecule exists as two enantiomers, levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine. Dextroamphetamine is the dextrorotatory, or 'right-handed', enantiomer and exhibits more pronounced effects on the central nervous system than levoamphetamine. Pharmaceutical dextroamphetamine sulfate is available as both a brand name and generic drug in a variety of dosage forms. Dextroamphetamine is sometimes prescribed as the inactive prodrug lisdexamfetamine, which is converted into dextroamphetamine after absorption. Side effects of dextroamphetamine at therapeutic doses include elevated mood, decreased appetite, dry mouth, excessive grinding of the teeth, headache, increased heart rate, increased wakefulness or insomnia, anxiety, and irritability, among others. At excessively high doses, psychosis (i.e., hallucinations, delusions), addiction, and rapid muscle breakdown may occur. However, for individuals with pre-existing psychotic disorders, there may be a risk of psychosis even at therapeutic doses. Dextroamphetamine, like other amphetamines, elicits its stimulating effects via several distinct actions: it inhibits or reverses the transporter proteins for the monoamine neurotransmitters (namely the serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine transporters) either via trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) or in a TAAR1 independent fashion when there are high cytosolic concentrations of the monoamine neurotransmitters and it releases these neurotransmitters from synaptic vesicles via vesicular monoamine transporter 2. It also shares many chemical and pharmacological properties with human trace amines, particularly phenethylamine and N-methylphenethylamine, the latter being an isomer of amphetamine produced within the human body. It is available as a generic medication. In 2022, mixed amphetamine salts (Adderall) was the 14th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 34 million prescriptions.

蒽酮(C14H10O)，无色针状结晶体。熔点为155℃，溶于大多数有机溶剂和热氢氧化钠溶液，不溶于水。无荧光，所出现的荧光是由蒽酚所致。可用于有机合成，用于糖和动物体液中淀粉的比色测定。由蒽醌经下列反应得到:将104g蒽醌、100g锡粒、750ml冰醋酸混合加热至沸，再逐次加入浓盐酸250ml（相对密度为1.19），约2h加完，此时蒽醌应全部溶于反应液中，否则，需补加锡粒和盐酸。再回流1.5h，脱色过滤，滤液用100ml水稀释，冷却至10℃，析出蒽酮结晶，过滤，用水洗使pH=7而得粗晶，干重80g。粗品可用丙酮或苯和石油醚（3：1）混合液重结晶，可得熔点为154-155℃的蒽酮约60g。

Acrylate is a monocarboxylic acid anion. It has a role as a human metabolite. It is a conjugate base of an acrylic acid.

水苏糖（英語：Stachyose）是一种四糖，结构式为：半乳糖—半乳糖—葡萄糖—果糖，分子式为：C24H42O21。该糖属于功能性低聚糖，不被人体消化酶完全水解，热量为1.5-2.4 kcal/g。因而可进入结肠，并被肠道细菌酵解利用。

Triphosphoric acid is a natural product found in Homo sapiens with data available.

愈创甘油醚（英語：Guaifenesin 或 Guaiphenesin） INN /ɡwaɪˈfɛnɪsɪn/是一种非处方的祛痰药，常用来帮助咳出当急性呼吸道感染时气道内产生的痰。