metadata

base_model: BAAI/bge-base-en-v1.5
datasets: []
language: []
library_name: sentence-transformers
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
tags:
  - sentence-transformers
  - sentence-similarity
  - feature-extraction
  - generated_from_trainer
  - dataset_size:9598
  - loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
widget:
  - source_sentence: >-
      Tummy time is recommended from birth to strengthen baby's arms, back and
      neck muscles and prevent the back of his head becoming flat. Jay L.
      Hoecker, M.D, of the Mayo Clinic, says babies should not sleep or be left
      unattended on tummies, but the position will help move them toward
      milestones of rolling and crawling. If your baby does not like lying on
      his tummy, there are ways you can help him learn to enjoy it.

      Comfort

      Make sure baby is nice and comfortable by using a soft surface like a bed
      and a fleecy blanket. Your baby may feel more comfortable on his tummy if
      you take his clothes and diaper off, making sure the room is nice and
      warm. This way he will not have anything pressing into his tummy and the
      feeling of being naked may add to his enjoyment. It is best not to make
      tummy time straight after a feed as his full tummy may not feel
      comfortable. Try to position his arms in front of him as he can eventually
      start to use them to lean on. Don't make tummy time too long to begin
      with; HealthyChildren.org advises that a newborn only needs three to five
      minutes two or three times a day, which can gradually be increased.

      Touching

      Your baby may enjoy the sensation of your fingers running gently down her
      back while she lies on her tummy -- this works better on bare skin. You
      can also stroke her cheeks, tickle her toes and gently massage her hands,
      feet and legs. If she is feeling a bit uncomfortable or unsure, this
      touching may help to put her at ease. Massage will also relax her muscles,
      helping her whole body feel more comfortable.

      Stimulation

      Keep your baby stimulated with lots of visual aids. Dr. Sears says young
      babies like to look at bright colors, stripes and black and white objects,
      so place some of these around your baby to catch his attention. Wave noisy
      toys, such as rattles or scrunchy toys for him to look at, or wiggle your
      fingers in front of him. You could also play some music during tummy time,
      as this sound stimulation may be another way of distracting him from any
      anxiety about this new position.

      Interaction

      Your baby loves listening to your voice, so try reclining beside her and
      singing or talking. You could also place her on a bed and sit on the floor
      so your face is level with hers. Tummy time can also work if you lie on
      your back with baby on her tummy on your tummy. You make a warm and soft
      surface, and she will love being that close to you and looking into your
      face. Another way of introducing tummy time is by laying her across your
      lap on her front.

      References

      Photo Credits

      - BananaStock/BananaStock/Getty Images
    sentences:
      - Why is tummy time recommended for babies from birth?
      - >-
        Who were the three stars in the NHL game between Buffalo Sabres and
        Edmonton Oilers?
      - >-
        What was the modification made to the Creamy Wild Mushroom Soup with
        Pecorino recipe by the user dchapdelaine?
  - source_sentence: >-
      Community Justice Project: community lawyers who collaborate closely with
      community organizers and grassroots groups in low-income communities of
      color. Follow @cjpmiami

      Miami Dream Defenders: multiracial group of young people who are
      organizing to build power in our communities to advance a new vision for
      the state. Follow @miami_dreamdefenders

      (F)emPower Miami: queer culture shifters running a bail fund to free
      people from jail. Follow @fempowermia

      Black Lives Matter Broward: alliance of community organizations and
      individuals aiming to abolish institutional racism, and to democratize and
      transform oppressive systems primarily via popular mobilizations. Follow
      @BlackLivesMatterAllianceBroward

      Engage Miami: taking down barriers and building bridges to equitable civic
      leadership through voter registration, civic education, and organizing
      campaigns on the issues that matter to young people in Miami. Follow
      @engagemia

      ACLU of Greater Miami Chapter: organization working daily to defend the
      individual rights and personal freedoms of every man, woman and child in
      this country. Follow @ACLUFL

      Catalyst Miami: nonprofit organization identifying and collectively
      solving issues adversely affecting low-wealth communities throughout
      Miami-Dade County. Follow @catalystmiami

      The New Florida Majority: independent organization working to increase the
      voting and political power of Florida’s Black and brown communities.
      Follow @newflmajority

      Advancing

      Color of Change: the nation’s largest online racial justice organization,
      Color of Change moves decision-makers in corporations and government to
      create a more human and less hostile world for Black people in America.
      Follow @colorofchange

      Communities United Against Police Brutality: an all-volunteer organization
      that works to combat police brutality from many angles, including
      political and legislative action, education, research, and providing
      services and support for victims and their families. Follow @cuapb.org

      Equal Justice Initiative: an organization committed to ending mass
      incarceration and excessive punishment in the United States, to
      challenging social and economic injustice, and to protecting basic human
      rights for the most vulnerable people in American society. Follow @eji_org

      An Essential Reading Guide for Fighting Racism via Buzzfeed

      Do the work: an anti-racist reading list via The Guardian

      Anti-Racist Reading Recs via Bookshop.org

      47 Black-Owned Bookstores Across the Country that You Can Support via
      Entertainment Weekly

      From Hyperallergic: An Essential Watchlist of Groundbreaking Black
      Documentaries - These films illustrate both the undeniable threat of white
      supremacist capitalist patriarchy and the incomparable strength of
      Blackness.

      Code switch by NPR

      About Race with Reni Eddo-Lodge

      Pod for the cause from the Leadership Conference on Civil & Human Rights

      Black Lives Matter: Media and Where to Find It

      Your Black Friends Are Busy: a growing resource for learning about
      anti-racism, and supporting the people & organizations doing important
      work for the Black Lives Matter movement.

      Anti-Racist Resource Guide created by Victoria Alexander, MEd

      Miami Organizations Doing the Work for Black Justice by Culture Crusaders

      Blacklivesmatters.carrd.co/

      181 Black-owned businesses across the United States to support

      10 Reasons You Should Support Black Lives
    sentences:
      - What are the ingredients needed to prepare the Simple Calzone recipe?
      - What was the route of the walk described in the blog post?
      - What is the mission of the Equal Justice Initiative?
  - source_sentence: >-
      In vitro meat: Can we stomach it?

      In vitro meat, also referred to as cultured meat, is a meat product grown
      from extracted cells in a factory. It's a test concept introduced by
      researchers to combat many ethical issues found in today's industrial
      livestock operations. The meat's production would also contribute to
      reduced environmental impacts, global hunger solutions, human health
      promotion and obesity reduction.\

      Within the next 35 years, a process only in its beginning stages could
      become the norm, replacing most traditional livestock meat we find on
      grocery store shelves today.

      Initially, it sounds like something from a futuristic science fiction
      novel or a dystopian society. Meat grown in a factory is straight from
      "The Jetsons" or "Star Trek." It's out of the question and couldn't even
      be possible, right? Wrong, completely wrong.

      Cultured meat is happening right now. In fact, it has already happened.
      The first in vitro hamburger was served in 2013 in London. The two year
      project was highly complicated and not economically sustainable, with the
      final price totaling a hefty $325,000. But what did the lucky few selected
      to taste the burger have to say? Their biggest complaints were that the
      burger didn't taste the same as one that comes from grazing livestock, and
      it was a bit dry.

      Despite the burger falling short on the taste and consistency fields,
      hopefuls still see the potential and are trying to obtain more funding for
      their research. If more support and funding is provided, the concept can
      become large scale, allowing the price to drop and more types of "meat" to
      be created.

      I use the term "create," but of course I must mention that many, if not
      most, creationists would be completely against not only the research, but
      the concept itself. Many believe that growing meat goes against what is
      natural. Creating meat in a test tube, adding our own flavoring, vitamins
      and additives would be overstepping our boundaries or even "playing God."
      There are even people who have gone as far as saying that it would be
      equivalent to serving up zombies on a plate.

      It's buffoonery to go as far as calling the meat "zombie production", but
      how can the accusation be challenged when there are companies like
      BiteLabs arising? The company's basis is to produce salami made of tissue
      samples from celebrities. Gut reaction says that this is disturbing, and,
      more alarmingly, cannibalistic. But is it, really?

      Challenging the traditional definition of cannibalism, it is decidedly
      not. The production and consumption of the salami would take place between
      two (or more, no judgement here) consensual adults. It would also fail to
      violate any U.S. laws against murder or body desecration. Maybe it's skin
      crawling and socially unacceptable, but I wouldn't go as far as to call it
      cannibalism. All Sweeney Todd jokes aside, if forced to use the word
      cannibalism, I'd say it is a form of "humane cannibalism," if anything.

      This argument presents a problem in itself, though. Since in vitro meat
      production is such a challenging and fairly newly researched topic there
      are many gray areas and questions posed that are difficult to answer
      because of how our society views the ideas of life, naturalism,
      cannibalism and humane treatment of animals. For in vitro meat to be a
      success, these terms must be redefined or at least understood in relation
      to factory grown meat.

      Educational briefings and infographics would have to be readily available
      for the public, or they would simply not understand what it is they would
      be eating and would be against the meat replacement. If people aren't able
      to understand and accept that factory grown meat follows the same
      development process that meat from traditional livestock does, they will
      not back the introduction of the meat into the market.

      Researchers behind the factory meat growing process also present the
      argument that in vitro meat would technically qualify as a vegan food.
      Part of this idea is because it would be cruelty free and a non GMO
      product.

      The vegan-friendly argument is backed by PETA, who introduced a $1 million
      contest in 2008. The rules of the contest laid out that the company who
      was able to produce the first marketable in vitro chicken meat would
      receive the prize.

      Unfortunately, no one was successful before the deadline arrived, and the
      prize money went towards combating animal cruelty in today's meat
      production process. PETA still considered the contest to be a raging
      success, though, based on the leaps and bounds made in the research and
      understanding of in vitro meat.

      As someone who practices vegetarianism, I can see both sides of the
      argument. Yes, there would be cruelty-free meat available, which is a
      benefit that conquers a few issues vegetarians and vegans have with
      industrial livestock productions. It wouldn't offer a solution, though, to
      diehards who are not simply skipping out on meat products because they
      promote animal cruelty.

      Some, such as Pennsylvania State University environmental resource
      management sophomore and environmental sustainability enthusiast Emily
      Newman, will not be supporting the endeavor, cruelty free or not.

      When asked if she would ever find herself eating cultured meat, Newman,
      who has been a vegetarian for nearly two years and even practiced veganism
      for a brief period said, "No, definitely not. Food comes from the ground.
      The earth is giving it to us. We can utilize it. That's it, no need for
      anything to be grown in a lab."

      Most vegetarians and vegans would hold the same standard. To suggest that
      cultured meat would be vegan friendly is to redefine the core values which
      people who practice a plant based diet hold themselves to.

      I, however, am a big fan of the idea, not because I would find myself
      chowing down on some factory grown burgers or shoveling test tube bacon in
      my mouth, but because people who see meat as a necessity for every meal,
      the people who are hurting our environment and relishing in their poor
      health habits, will finally be able to contain their socially and
      environmentally poisonous behavior.

      Personally, I'm still holding out for the real wave of the future- the Spy
      Kids' food Rehydrator, or the Star Trek Food Replicator. Until the
      glorious day comes when they're introduced, in vitro meat will have to do,
      and I'm looking forward to it's mass introduction, societal acceptance and
      growth within the next few decades.

      Reach the columnist at mjrodr11@asu.edu or follow her on Twitter
      @mikayrodr.
    sentences:
      - What is the role of a Mobility Engineer?
      - >-
        What were the main criticisms of the first in vitro hamburger served in
        2013?
      - >-
        What is the pre-show ritual of Alexi Laiho, the frontman and guitarist
        of Children of Bodom?
  - source_sentence: >-
      Contrary to what many people believe, disability is not a concern that is
      limited to the elderly. The reality is that you could suffer a temporary,
      or permanent, disability at any time during the course of your lifetime –
      though the odds do increase with age. Fortunately, the United States
      government has programs that offer financial assistance to individuals who
      are disabled. Both the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) and Social
      Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program provide monetary assistance
      to disabled individuals who qualify. Though the programs are similar, they
      have different eligibility guidelines and often provide very different
      benefits. To help ensure that you receive all the benefits to which you
      may be entitled, the Indianapolis elder law attorneys at Frank & Kraft
      explain the differences and similarities between SSI and SSDI.

      Are You Disabled?

      The first hurdle you must get past if you wish to qualify for either (or
      both) SSI or SSDI is to

      Supplemental Security Income (SSI)

      If you meet the SSA definition of “disabled,” the only other eligibility
      requirement for the SSI program is that you have income and resources that
      fall below the program limits. The resources limit for an individual is
      $2,000 and for a married couple $3,000 in most states. Unlike the SSDI
      program, an applicant is not required to have a work history to qualify
      for SSI; however, the monthly benefits for SSI recipients are typically
      less than for SSDI recipients as well. In 2018, for example, the maximum
      SSI benefit, referred to as the “Federal Benefit Rate (FBR),” is $750 per
      month for individuals and $1,125 for couples. The FBR increases annually
      if there is a Social Security cost-of-living adjustment. In addition, some
      states provide a state supplement, ranging from $10 to $200, which is
      added to the federal SSI benefit payment.

      Another difference between SSI and SSDI is that family members cannot
      benefit from an applicant’s eligibility for SSI benefits. You may,
      however, be automatically eligible for other government assistance
      programs, such as Medicaid or Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
      (SNAP), once you are approved for SSI benefits.

      Social Security Disability Income SSDI

      Qualifying for the SSDI program is more difficult; however, the benefits
      are typically better if you do get approved. To qualify for SSDI you must
      have a sufficient work history prior to becoming disabled. Working earns
      you “work credits” that you need to qualify for SSDI. The number of “work
      credits” you need will depend on your age at the time of application;
      however, most applicants need to have earned 20 credits during the
      preceding 10 years. A work credit is earned by earning a designated amount
      ($1,320 for the year 2018) up to a maximum of four credits a year if you
      earned $5,280 or more. Because SSDI benefits are based on your work
      history, the monthly benefit you receive will almost always be higher than
      the current SSI benefit. By way of example, the average monthly SSDI
      benefit for 2018 is $1,197 with a maximum benefit of $2,788. Another
      important benefit to qualifying for SSDI is that if you are found to be
      eligible, your dependents may also qualify for monthly benefits based on
      your work record.

      Note: It is possible to receive both SSDI and SSI if your SSDI benefit is
      small enough that you meet the income limit for the SSI program.

      How to Apply for SSI or SSDI

      You can apply for both SSDI and SSI online through the Social Security
      Administration’s website. Unfortunately, about two out of every three
      initial applications for SSDI are denied which is why it is usually in
      your best interest to consult with an experienced elder law attorney if
      you feel you might be entitled to SSI or SSDI benefits before completing
      the application.

      Contact Indianapolis Elder Law Attorneys

      For more information, please download our FREE estate planning worksheet.
      If you have questions or concerns about SSI, SSDI, or any other elder law
      issues, contact the experienced Indianapolis
    sentences:
      - What is the primary function of pet therapy in medical institutions?
      - >-
        What are the differences and similarities between the Supplemental
        Security Income (SSI) and Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI)
        programs?
      - What is the net worth of Ross according to Forbes?
  - source_sentence: >-
      PSY’s “Gangnam Style” T-Shirt Sold on German Online Store

      PSY’s “Gangnam Style” took the U.S. by storm last week, and now, it’s
      reached a German online shopping mall as well.

      Recently, an online t-shirt store, “Spreadshirt,” revealed a new product
      inspired by PSY’s “Gangnam Style.” The shirt comes with a picture of PSY’s
      signature “horse dance,” and lines that say, “Keep Calm and Gangnam
      Style.” The “Keep Calm” design is one of “Spreadshirt’s” most popular
      items, and the PSY’s edition is the latest one to come from the highly
      successful online store.

      It’s unclear how many copies of the PSY’s shirt have sold out so far, but
      Korean press and netizens are taking it as a reflection of how popular and
      viral “Gangnam Style” has gone over the past week.

      Netizens commented, “’Gangnam Style’ is daebak,” “I need to order that
      shirt now,” and “I wonder who designed that.”

      With over 300 employees, the Geremany-based “Spreadshirt” is one of the
      fastest growing and largest online t-shirt retailers. It is expected to
      reach $100 million in sales this year.

      You can order your own “Keep Calm and Gangnam Style” shirt here!
    sentences:
      - >-
        What is the design on the new product inspired by PSY’s “Gangnam Style”
        sold on the German online store "Spreadshirt"?
      - Why is Talbots Inc. closing its Fashion Valley store?
      - >-
        What are the guidelines for submitting an article or story to the
        YouTube model railroading community?

SentenceTransformer based on BAAI/bge-base-en-v1.5

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from BAAI/bge-base-en-v1.5. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

Model Type: Sentence Transformer
Base model: BAAI/bge-base-en-v1.5
Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
Output Dimensionality: 768 tokens
Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity

Model Sources

Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': True}) with Transformer model: BertModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': True, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
  (2): Normalize()
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("aritrasen/bge-base-en-v1.5-ft_ragds")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'PSY’s “Gangnam Style” T-Shirt Sold on German Online Store\nPSY’s “Gangnam Style” took the U.S. by storm last week, and now, it’s reached a German online shopping mall as well.\nRecently, an online t-shirt store, “Spreadshirt,” revealed a new product inspired by PSY’s “Gangnam Style.” The shirt comes with a picture of PSY’s signature “horse dance,” and lines that say, “Keep Calm and Gangnam Style.” The “Keep Calm” design is one of “Spreadshirt’s” most popular items, and the PSY’s edition is the latest one to come from the highly successful online store.\nIt’s unclear how many copies of the PSY’s shirt have sold out so far, but Korean press and netizens are taking it as a reflection of how popular and viral “Gangnam Style” has gone over the past week.\nNetizens commented, “’Gangnam Style’ is daebak,” “I need to order that shirt now,” and “I wonder who designed that.”\nWith over 300 employees, the Geremany-based “Spreadshirt” is one of the fastest growing and largest online t-shirt retailers. It is expected to reach $100 million in sales this year.\nYou can order your own “Keep Calm and Gangnam Style” shirt here!',
    'What is the design on the new product inspired by PSY’s “Gangnam Style” sold on the German online store "Spreadshirt"?',
    'Why is Talbots Inc. closing its Fashion Valley store?',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 768]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

Size: 9,598 training samples
Columns: positive and anchor
Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
positive anchor
type string string
details
min: 172 tokens
mean: 467.87 tokens
max: 512 tokens

min: 7 tokens
mean: 18.68 tokens
max: 43 tokens

	positive	anchor
type	string	string
details	min: 172 tokens mean: 467.87 tokens max: 512 tokens	min: 7 tokens mean: 18.68 tokens max: 43 tokens

Samples:

positive	anchor
Caption: Tasmanian berry grower Nic Hansen showing Macau chef Antimo Merone around his property as part of export engagement activities. THE RISE and rise of the Australian strawberry, raspberry and blackberry industries has seen the sectors redouble their international trade focus, with the release of a dedicated export plan to grow their global presence over the next 10 years. Driven by significant grower input, the Berry Export Summary 2028 maps the sectors’ current position, where they want to be, high-opportunity markets and next steps. Hort Innovation trade manager Jenny Van de Meeberg said the value and volume of raspberry and blackberry exports rose by 100 per cent between 2016 and 2017. She said the Australian strawberry industry experienced similar success with an almost 30 per cent rise in export volume and a 26 per cent rise in value to $32.6M over the same period. “Australian berry sectors are in a firm position at the moment,” she said. “Production, adoption of protected substrate cropping, improved genetics and an expanding geographic footprint have all helped put Aussie berries on a positive trajectory. “We are seeing a real transition point. Broad industry interest and a strong commercial appetite for export market development combined with the potential to capitalise on existing trade agreements and build new trade partnerships has created this perfect environment for growth.” High-income countries across Europe, North America and Northern Asia have been identified as having a palate for Australian grown berries with more than 4244 tonnes of fresh berries exported in the last financial year alone. The strategy identified the best short-term prospect markets for the Australian blackberry and raspberry industry as Hong Kong, Singapore, The United Arab Emirates and Canada. The strongest short-term trade options identified for the strawberry sector were Thailand, Malaysia, New Zealand and Macau. The strategy focuses heavily on growing the existing strawberry export market from 4 per cent to at least 8 per cent of national production by volume, in markets with a capacity and willingness to pay a premium for quality fruit. For raspberries and blackberries, the sectors aim to achieve a 5 per cent boost in exports assessed by volume across identified markets by 2021. Tasmanian raspberry exporter Nic Hansen said Australia offers some of the sweetest and most attractive berries in the world, and this combined with our stringent food safety standards across all stages of the supply chain puts growers in a solid position. “We have a great product, we are hungry to expand trade and now with this new plan in place, we have a clear roadmap towards driving growth,” Mr Hansen said. He said it is exciting to see new export market prospects for raspberries: “The more options we have for export the better. Now we just have to get on with the job of ensuring industry has all the tools it needs, such as supporting data and relationship building opportunities, to thrive in new markets.” This project was commissioned by Hort Innovation, and developed by market analysts and research consultants Auspex Strategic Advisory and AgInfinity. Hort Innovation will work now with berry sectors to determine levy-funded activities to support trade. See a summary of the strategy on the Hort Innovation website. For more information on the berry industries, refer to the Horticulture Statistics Handbook and the Strategic Investment Plans for strawberries, raspberries and blackberries. Growers seeking more information should email trade@horticulture.com.au	`What is the Berry Export Summary 2028 and what is its purpose?`
RWSN Collaborations Southern Africa Self-supply Study Review of Self-supply and its support services in African countries A lady in Zimbabwe proudly shows off her onions - watered from her self-supply well © 2015 André Olschewski • Skat Project starts: 2015 Project finished: 2016 Collaborators & Partners:. Project Description UNICEF and Skat have collaborated on a). Perspectives Reach and benefits: - Self-supply is practised by millions of rural households in Sub-Sahara Africa as well as in Europe, USA and other areas of the world. - Benefits reported from having access to Self-supply water sources include convenience, less time spent for fetching water and access to more and better quality water. In some areas, Self-supply sources offer important added values such as water for productive use, income generation, family safety and improved food security. - Sustainability of services from Self-supply is high as there is strong ownership by people investing in own sources. - As Self-supply sources are shared sources, many people, including poor and vulnerable households, benefit from investments in Self-supply, often at no costs. This means that Self-supply can be effective in reaching the hard-to-reach. - For millions of people in rural areas of Africa, supported Self-supply will be the most cost effective service delivery model to provide access to safe water. This also includes those parts of the population which actually have poor access as they e.g. cannot afford water from communal supplies. - However, in areas where external support for Self-supply is lacking, only marginal improvements can usually be achieved, and the quality of services is lower than in areas where a dedicated support effort was made. Costs and business model for supported Self-supply - In many rural contexts, supported Self-supply is the most cost effective approach for water service delivery. However, as it is not applicable in all contexts, a blended approach combining communal water supply and supported Self-supply models should be followed. - Based on a Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis of different service delivery approaches, the LCC for communal supplies are about 40 US$/capita served in the study countries, whereas the LCC for supported Self-supply is about 10 U$/capita. - In sparsely populated areas, communal supplies (e.g. handpumps) are even more costly (up to 100 U$/capita served) as only few people can be served with one additional unit. Serving all rural people with communal supply is therefore not financially viable. - Considering the applicability of Self-supply technologies, in Zambia and Zimbabwe, the cost saving of following a blended approach using both communal supplies and supported Self-supply is almost 50% of the total LCC for reaching 100% of the population by 2030. These cost savings are equivalent to more than 330 million US$ in Zambia and more than 260 million US$ in Zimbabwe. Support services needed - Supported Self-supply is a service delivery model putting support services in place to improve Self-supply, so it is not about a particular technology. - Supported Self-supply is aligned with the Human Rights to Water and Sanitation, which allows a progressive realisation of the universal access to safe water. However, supported Self-supply is not a way to exempt government from its duties: Government has specific roles to play to ensure that everybody will have access to safe water finally. - To sustain and to take Self-supply to scale there is need for contextualised support as well as long-term engagement, capacity development at all levels, M&E and technical support, reliable funding and learning and sharing. - Interministerial cooperation and champions within government agencies are needed to ensure sustainable embedding and for taking Self-supply further, particularly in remote rural areas. - There is no-one-size-fits-all solution for supported Self-supply – for each programme, it needs a contextualized design and follow-up to achieve desired impact. - Hygiene promotion, including Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS), is highly recommended for any non-piped water supply services, including Self-supply water sources. - The huge potential for substantially improving the level of water supply for millions of people in rural areas should be accessed through supported Self-supply. Some countries have endorsed supported Self-supply as service delivery model, such as Zimbabwe or Sierra Leone, and in Ethiopia, Self-supply is now being scaled up at national level. More Information » Review of Self-supply and its support services in African countries: Synthesis Report).	`What are some of the benefits reported from having access to Self-supply water sources?`
All Android applications categories Description Coolands for Twitter is a revolutionary twitter client. It has many unique features, gives you the best mobile twitter experience you never imagined before. The first unique feature is Real-Time. You can’t find any refresh button in this app, because you absolutely don’t need to. Every time you open it, you’ll get the latest tweets and while you’re reading, you’ll get incoming tweets in Real-Time. So if your friend mentioned you, you can reply instantly. The second unique feature is Avatar Indicator. Avatar Indicator is small avatars showed on the title bar to indicate that you’ve got new message/tweet/mention. Since it’s real-time, you’ll keep getting incoming tweets while you’re reading your older timeline, Avatar-Indicator will let you know who’s tweet you’ve just got, and decide whether to check it out right away. The third unique feature is Direct Link I think it is obviously the most intuitive and convenient way to open a link. When you want to open a link, just click it in the time line . You can also click a username to open a profile window, click a hash tag to open a search result window. Different kind of links displayed in different colors, you can change it to whatever color you like. The fourth unique feature is Smart Bookmark Have you ever experienced this scenario? When you are reading your home timeline, the app notified you that you’ve got some new tweets, you click “go-to-top” button to read the newest tweets, and then you want to get back to the previous position to continue your reading. How can you do this? In other twitter clients you have to scroll down all the way to find where you were, a lot of time wasted. But in this app, “go-to-top” button will appear when you scrolling up, click it, you can got to top, read the newest tweets. After that when you scrolling down, Smart Bookmark button will appear at the corner. Click it, you can get back to exactly where you were. The fifth unique feature is User Level Notification Notification for all your new tweets is meaningless, if you following more than a few users, you’ll get new tweets all the time. What if you only want to be notified when someone you most care about posted a new tweet? In this app, it’s easy. You can change your friend’s notification setting directly in his/her profile screen. You can also set different notification ringtone for your friends respectively. So when you heard a notification ringtone, you’ll know who he/she is without the need to open your phone. And you can manage all the enabled User-Level-Notification settings in one place. Also has most of the basic twitter client features, like post/delete tweets, retweet, retweet with comment, reply, quote, send/delete direct message, subscribe/unsubscribe lists, follow/unfollow user, multiple accounts support, append picture with your tweets, mention auto complete, recent search auto complete, conversation view. Please give me feedbacks if you have tried it, and I PROMISE to reply all your emails. 1.30-1.36 update: Ad-Free. 3 times faster when launching and loading older tweets. Support unlimited accounts rather than 3 accounts. Support notifications for all accounts rather than only for the current account. Improved mention suggestion feature. Use URL link to do RT with comment, so you can comment more characters. Conversation view, click the orange(you can change the color) username in replied tweet to show conversation view. Support longer tweet, longer tweet will be converted to a picture automatically. You really should try it out your self. Refined tweet composing view, to support longer tweet. Support handle text shared by other app. from 103 reviews Download Coolands for Twitter Free - V1.38 - 298K Sorry ... This app is no longer available. Share this app Screenshots	`What are the unique features of the Coolands for Twitter app?`

Loss: MultipleNegativesRankingLoss with these parameters:

{
    "scale": 20.0,
    "similarity_fct": "cos_sim"
}

Evaluation Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

Size: 500 evaluation samples
Columns: positive and anchor
Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
positive anchor
type string string
details
min: 188 tokens
mean: 460.02 tokens
max: 512 tokens

min: 10 tokens
mean: 18.91 tokens
max: 39 tokens

	positive	anchor
type	string	string
details	min: 188 tokens mean: 460.02 tokens max: 512 tokens	min: 10 tokens mean: 18.91 tokens max: 39 tokens

Samples:

positive	anchor
Perhaps Not such a Good Idea I have found trying to run a blog is very time-consuming, and there are other calls on my time. I think it has been demonstrated that if enough people are unable to self-moderate, the nuggets of interest are swamped by the rubbish. Sadly I agree with Mark Frank's assessment. I had hoped more thread topics would be proposed nothing has been suggested by anyone for a while. My personal view is that, considering DaveScot's generally perceived blog persona, I have to admit that he hasn't been (on this site) quite the unmitigated disaster predicted. John Davison, on the other hand has conformed perfectly to predictions, which is a shame, but his choice. I am happy to let things run for a while, but would like to hear from anyone who has a suggestion for a thread topic. Post here or in the suggestions thread 23 comments: How about an "ID: show me the research" thread? OK Rich, put some meat on the bones and I'll paste it. Of course I have. I have no respect for you or your cronies from Psnda's Thumb. What did you expect kudos? What do you want another thread for? No one has even attempted to answer my four challenges yet. You know why? I do. It is because they can't, because everything you and your Darwimpian cronies stand for is a myth, an illusion and a hoax. That's why. You might as well close down this flame pit while you are behind as it isn't going anywhere. It is hard to believe isn't it? I love it so! " "How about an "ID: show me the research" thread? " Alan Fox said... OK Rich, put some meat on the bones and I'll paste it. " Why is there no ID research, even on Dembski's blog? Why does ID consist solely of an opinion that some parts of human biology are designed? How would IDers actually prove that some parts of human biology are in fact designed? Expand a bit on the theme, Wonderpants and I'll start a thread if you like. "My personal view is that, considering DaveScot's generally perceived blog persona, I have to admit that he hasn't been (on this site) quite the unmitigated disaster predicted. " At a guess, it's because he can't duck or delete awkward subjects. I note from skimming through the threads though that he's been rather selective as to which ones he posts in, namely the ones that don't pose awkward ID questions. ;-) Well, we can't torture a confession out of him. As Lenny points out frequently, an absence of an answer is in itself an answer. What about a thread from you, entitled " My awkard questions for DaveScot"? I'm not sure how much meat can be put on the bones of a non-existent project, but here's my thought: I would really like to hear about actual research projects that can be / are being done. Without knowing of any that are running currently, I'm not sure if it would be a good thread to start, but maybe you could ask for ideas. It could be a thread dedicated to lab experiments. If X is designed, we will find Y. Here's how we find Y in the lab. Then we watch for the landslide of X and Y that get suggested and, of course, the methods that actually find these things. Why would they start posting it now, though, after years of keeping it secret? JAD: I have no respect for you or your cronies from Psnda's Thumb. Which raises the obvious question of why you hang around in forums like this. Why not submit your work to a technical journal where real scientists will read it? Well, unless and until Wonderpants or Blipey want to expand on it, I have framed a thread along the line suggested. I think a good thread would be "Place A Vote For or Against the Banning of Professor Emeritus John Davison". I invade the ephemeral meaningless world of cyberdom for amusement on the outside chance that I might find a rational mind once in a while, one like johndarius for example. Mostly I encounter mentally impaired ideologues with IQs in the room temperature range or hostile, rabid, certifiably deranged schizophrenic sociopaths like Spravid Dinger. This particular blog seems to be blessed with both varieties. Naturally - I love it so! I'll try and think of something tomorrow. Been watching the footie tonight. Props to France for winning aghainst Spain, Alan. Ah, the World Cup. Something else Mrs Fox and I disagree on. Yes there would have been a few glum faces at work tomorrow. Now if only France can beat Brazil, and England beat Portugal. JAD, you didn't answer my second question: Why not submit your work to a technical journal where real scientists will read it? Why would real scientists want to read the nonsensical ramblings of a pseudoscientist? Give me a shout if you need some "help." Naturally - I love it so! But JAD won't publish in a scientific journal any longer. According to his second post, we can assume that he visits Nature's website "for amusement on the outside chance that [he] might find a rational mind once in a while, one like a [creationist] for example. Mostly [he] encounters mentally impaired [evolutionary biologists] " I can't think of a single great scientist who wouldn't describe himself as a creationist, not one. Can anyone? I love it so! Democritus, Sagan, Darwin, Edison, Feynman, Curie, just to name a handful. Of course, they never managed to publish in Rivista... [snicker] Feynman once described scientific discovery as a religious experience. I agree entirely as I have had the same experience. That anyone could describe Darwin as a scientist is unthinkable. I didn't know that about Curie and tend not to accept it without some documentation. I love it so! What a sad little weasel you are. Feynman was an avowed atheist. Curie was raised Catholic but became an atheist on the death of her mother. Darwin was 100 times the scientist you are. Creationism is all but dead among true scientists; critical inquiry is poison to that superstitious twaddle.	`What is the author's personal view on DaveScot's blog persona?`
Age reduction Academic atmosphere Beef tendon bottom Straight buckle low-heel cowhide Lefu shoes Mary Jane shoes Spring and summer Women's shoes 0.73 ins Chaopai shoes Women's Shoes Academic atmosphere Versatile Graffiti Frenulum gym shoes Harajuku leisure time Hip hop jointly skate shoes Air force one Men's shoes Low Gang summer skate shoes student Korean version Versatile leisure time gym shoes female Reflection Little white shoes autumn Clover ozweego Daddy shoes Jackson Yi Same men and women Reflection motion Running shoes EE6999 Retro Britain Square head Frenulum Color matching motion Casual shoes 2021 new pattern Versatile Flat bottom Elastic band Little white shoes female Thick bottom British style Small leather shoes Women's shoes 2021 new pattern Big square head Spring and Autumn Lefu Autumn shoes black Single shoes U.S.A quality goods Jeffrey Campbell temperament crude high-heeled dollskill Buckles Low top shoes female widow quality goods Clover ozweego Black Warrior Dad Running shoes Night Walker Retro Men's Shoes Reflection increase Women's Shoes tide Internet celebrity Daddy shoes female 2021 summer new pattern ventilation comfortable leisure time gym shoes Retro Thick bottom increase Single shoes tide Sao Fen Paris Daddy shoes Three generations combination increase Thick bottom ins tide Single shoes Women's Shoes leisure time motion track3.0 Paris Home B Daddy shoes one three generation triple s Thick bottom increase men and women lovers leisure time motion Fashion shoes Dirty shoes U.S.A quality goods Jeffrey Campbell temperament crude high-heeled dollskill Buckles Low top shoes female widow D1G New products anniversary Graffiti high-heeled shoes Internet celebrity Show Sharp point Fine heel Women's shoes Europe Versatile Retro Women's Shoes 2021 Autumn and winter new pattern Low Gang Single shoes female genuine leather Flat bottom Frenulum Color matching motion Casual shoes male skate shoes tide Little white shoes female Josiny Spring and summer 2021 new pattern Korean version Versatile Leisure fashion ventilation student Flat bottom gym shoes European goods Forrest Gump Daddy shoes female tide 2021 autumn new pattern Small pretty waist gym shoes Frenulum Slope heel Single shoes Women's Shoes tide 【 goods in stock 】 devil sisters Sheep puff Lolita original Halloween Thick bottom Women's Shoes hottie high-heeled Women's Shoes Zhou Yangqing Same 2021 Spring and summer new pattern Thick bottom Shoe of sponge cake motion leisure time lovers P family Daddy shoes female ins tide 20 new pattern Internet celebrity Sharp point Single shoes female high-heeled genuine leather Fine heel Shallow mouth sexy Bridesmaid Women's Shoes Wedding shoes 6cm 10cm	`What type of shoes are mentioned as being suitable for both men and women?`
I just started a new blog on my ultralight gear. My gear list in all it's glory is located on: each item of gear, I'm writing an in-depth review for the item and how we have used it. Would love to get feedback and the site and our gear and/or comments from people on how we can fine tune.Currently my wifes pack is 7.5 lbs base weight, and mine is 10.5 lbs.Thanks!-Brett Edited by brettmarl on 09/09/2006 15:59:48 MDT. Brett, Your BLOG looks good.You should put the size of your items where their is one such as pants, shoes, jacket etc. There is a golf like "handicap' for anyone that wears larger then size medium or size 9.5 shoe. Sure.I think you might recheck some of your math. Not sure but some totals look low. Don't trust the posted weightof gear, weigh it yourself if you haven't.Why is your pack list so heavy? I agree, nice looking blog. Bill is right on listing the sizes, other than that....looks great! Brett - nice list, and nice format!(One small typo: it currently says "Cloudburt" for the tent.) Edited by slnsf on 09/09/2006 18:08:48 MDT. Great site with good info. I'm trying to decide between the GoLite Infinity and Jam and I think after reading your blog, that the Jam should be plenty big.I'm interested to see what's in your first aid kit.Also, any issues with the water purification tablets? I currently use a MSR miniworks pump and I'm looking to lighten up... At first I thought you might not be warm enough as I reviewed your North Cascade hike, then I recounted your layers. Very nice site! What I was a little confused about was the opening statement of getting four days of backpacking gear into a pack, yet at the bottom the food for two was estimated for three days. However I now understand that these are not mutually exclusive statements. thanks for the feedback.i fixed the cloudburt typo (thanks), and the 4 vs. 3 days. ai also completed all my gear posts - including the innards of my first aid kit and my experiences with the MicroPUR tabs.the weights listed should be the ones that i weighed myself (unless, i've mis-typed in some areas)bill - you say to check my math with "Why is your pack list so heavy?". not sure what you are refering to here.great idea on including the sizes. You must login to post. MEMBERSHIP IS REQUIRED TO POST: You must be a Forum, Annual or Lifetime Member to post messages in the backpackinglight.com forums. SUBSCRIBE NOW »	`What are the base weights of the blogger's and his wife's packs?`

Loss: MultipleNegativesRankingLoss with these parameters:

{
    "scale": 20.0,
    "similarity_fct": "cos_sim"
}

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

eval_strategy: steps
per_device_train_batch_size: 10
per_device_eval_batch_size: 10
num_train_epochs: 1
warmup_ratio: 0.1
fp16: True
batch_sampler: no_duplicates

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

overwrite_output_dir: False
do_predict: False
eval_strategy: steps
prediction_loss_only: True
per_device_train_batch_size: 10
per_device_eval_batch_size: 10
per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
eval_accumulation_steps: None
learning_rate: 5e-05
weight_decay: 0.0
adam_beta1: 0.9
adam_beta2: 0.999
adam_epsilon: 1e-08
max_grad_norm: 1.0
num_train_epochs: 1
max_steps: -1
lr_scheduler_type: linear
lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
warmup_ratio: 0.1
warmup_steps: 0
log_level: passive
log_level_replica: warning
log_on_each_node: True
logging_nan_inf_filter: True
save_safetensors: True
save_on_each_node: False
save_only_model: False
restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
no_cuda: False
use_cpu: False
use_mps_device: False
seed: 42
data_seed: None
jit_mode_eval: False
use_ipex: False
bf16: False
fp16: True
fp16_opt_level: O1
half_precision_backend: auto
bf16_full_eval: False
fp16_full_eval: False
tf32: None
local_rank: 0
ddp_backend: None
tpu_num_cores: None
tpu_metrics_debug: False
debug: []
dataloader_drop_last: False
dataloader_num_workers: 0
dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
past_index: -1
disable_tqdm: False
remove_unused_columns: True
label_names: None
load_best_model_at_end: False
ignore_data_skip: False
fsdp: []
fsdp_min_num_params: 0
fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
deepspeed: None
label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
optim: adamw_torch
optim_args: None
adafactor: False
group_by_length: False
length_column_name: length
ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
dataloader_pin_memory: True
dataloader_persistent_workers: False
skip_memory_metrics: True
use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
push_to_hub: False
resume_from_checkpoint: None
hub_model_id: None
hub_strategy: every_save
hub_private_repo: False
hub_always_push: False
gradient_checkpointing: False
gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
include_inputs_for_metrics: False
eval_do_concat_batches: True
fp16_backend: auto
push_to_hub_model_id: None
push_to_hub_organization: None
mp_parameters:
auto_find_batch_size: False
full_determinism: False
torchdynamo: None
ray_scope: last
ddp_timeout: 1800
torch_compile: False
torch_compile_backend: None
torch_compile_mode: None
dispatch_batches: None
split_batches: None
include_tokens_per_second: False
include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
neftune_noise_alpha: None
optim_target_modules: None
batch_eval_metrics: False
eval_on_start: False
batch_sampler: no_duplicates
multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional

Training Logs

Epoch	Step	Training Loss	loss
0.0104	10	0.1231	0.0729
0.0208	20	0.0943	0.0501
0.0312	30	0.0432	0.0337
0.0417	40	0.1307	0.0247
0.0521	50	0.0191	-
0.1042	100	0.0558	0.0188
0.1562	150	0.0354	-
0.2083	200	0.0623	0.0178
0.2604	250	0.0692	-
0.3125	300	0.0428	0.0193
0.3646	350	0.0507	-
0.4167	400	0.0521	0.0250
0.4688	450	0.0352	-
0.5208	500	0.0285	0.0179
0.5729	550	0.0428	-
0.625	600	0.0315	0.0183
0.6771	650	0.0363	-
0.7292	700	0.0362	0.0167
0.7812	750	0.0288	-
0.8333	800	0.0211	0.0128
0.8854	850	0.0498	-
0.9375	900	0.0316	0.0138
0.9896	950	0.0336	-

Framework Versions

Python: 3.10.13
Sentence Transformers: 3.0.1
Transformers: 4.42.3
PyTorch: 2.1.2
Accelerate: 0.27.0
Datasets: 2.20.0
Tokenizers: 0.19.1

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

MultipleNegativesRankingLoss

@misc{henderson2017efficient,
    title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply}, 
    author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1705.00652},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CL}
}