metadata
license: apache-2.0
datasets:
- mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet
Covenant72B
Covenant72B is the largest permissionless collaboratively trained language model trained entirely from scratch at the 72 billion parameter scale.
It is being trained with 20+ globally distributed participants coordinated via decentralized infrastructure on the Bittensor blockchain.
Checkpoint-Two marks the second release, corresponding to 420 billion tokens processed. Model files are available in the Checkpoint-Two branch. Future checkpoints will be updated here.
Training Details
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Model size | 72B |
| Architecture | LLaMA-style |
| Target token budget | 1.2T (420B for current checkpoint) |
| Compute participants | 20+ |
| Minimal compute per participant | 8×B200 or equivalent |
| Dataset | DCLM-baseline |
| Optimizer | SparseLoCo (communication-efficient optimizer) |
Performance on Benchmarks
All results are 0-shot acc-norm (%) unless noted.
| Model | Compute Environment / Permissions | Size | Tokens | ARC-C | ARC-E | PIQA | OpenBookQA | HellaSwag | Winogrande (acc) | MMLU (acc) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intellect-1 | Internet / Whitelist | 10B | 1T | 44.8 | 71.6 | 77.7 | 43.6 | 70.5 | 63.1 | 32.7 |
| Psyche Consilience-7Y9 | Internet / Whitelist | 40B | 1.2T | 31.1 | 55.8 | 76.1 | 34.8 | 63.7 | 57.0 | 24.2 |
| Covenant72B (Checkpoint-Two) | Internet / Permissionless | 72B | 420B | 53.84 | 77.74 | 80.58 | 44.60 | 77.08 | 71.43 | 47.49 |
| LLM360 K2 ckpt_108 | Centralized Cluster | 65B | 420B | 45.73 | 70.54 | 80.90 | 43.20 | 78.23 | 71.90 | 50.01 |
| LLM360 K2 Stage 1 | Centralized Cluster | 65B | 1.4T | 53.84 | 75.93 | 82.48 | 48.00 | 82.81 | 76.64 | 63.90 |
| LLaMA-2-7B | Centralized Cluster | 7B | 2T | 45.90 | 74.58 | 75.92 | 44.20 | 75.92 | 68.90 | 40.86 |
| LLaMA-2-70B | Centralized Cluster | 70B | 2T | 57.59 | 80.77 | 82.92 | 48.60 | 83.86 | 77.58 | 65.56 |
For more details, refer to Checkpoint One on Templar Research.