Create `utils/augmentations.py` (#3877)

* Create `utils/augmentations.py`

* cleanup

utils/augmentations.py

@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+# YOLOv5 image augmentation functions
+
+import random
+
+import cv2
+import math
+import numpy as np
+
+from utils.general import segment2box, resample_segments
+from utils.metrics import bbox_ioa
+
+
+def augment_hsv(im, hgain=0.5, sgain=0.5, vgain=0.5):
+    # HSV color-space augmentation
+    if hgain or sgain or vgain:
+        r = np.random.uniform(-1, 1, 3) * [hgain, sgain, vgain] + 1  # random gains
+        hue, sat, val = cv2.split(cv2.cvtColor(im, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV))
+        dtype = im.dtype  # uint8
+
+        x = np.arange(0, 256, dtype=r.dtype)
+        lut_hue = ((x * r[0]) % 180).astype(dtype)
+        lut_sat = np.clip(x * r[1], 0, 255).astype(dtype)
+        lut_val = np.clip(x * r[2], 0, 255).astype(dtype)
+
+        img_hsv = cv2.merge((cv2.LUT(hue, lut_hue), cv2.LUT(sat, lut_sat), cv2.LUT(val, lut_val)))
+        cv2.cvtColor(img_hsv, cv2.COLOR_HSV2BGR, dst=im)  # no return needed
+
+
+def hist_equalize(im, clahe=True, bgr=False):
+    # Equalize histogram on BGR image 'img' with img.shape(n,m,3) and range 0-255
+    yuv = cv2.cvtColor(im, cv2.COLOR_BGR2YUV if bgr else cv2.COLOR_RGB2YUV)
+    if clahe:
+        c = cv2.createCLAHE(clipLimit=2.0, tileGridSize=(8, 8))
+        yuv[:, :, 0] = c.apply(yuv[:, :, 0])
+    else:
+        yuv[:, :, 0] = cv2.equalizeHist(yuv[:, :, 0])  # equalize Y channel histogram
+    return cv2.cvtColor(yuv, cv2.COLOR_YUV2BGR if bgr else cv2.COLOR_YUV2RGB)  # convert YUV image to RGB
+
+
+def replicate(im, labels):
+    # Replicate labels
+    h, w = im.shape[:2]
+    boxes = labels[:, 1:].astype(int)
+    x1, y1, x2, y2 = boxes.T
+    s = ((x2 - x1) + (y2 - y1)) / 2  # side length (pixels)
+    for i in s.argsort()[:round(s.size * 0.5)]:  # smallest indices
+        x1b, y1b, x2b, y2b = boxes[i]
+        bh, bw = y2b - y1b, x2b - x1b
+        yc, xc = int(random.uniform(0, h - bh)), int(random.uniform(0, w - bw))  # offset x, y
+        x1a, y1a, x2a, y2a = [xc, yc, xc + bw, yc + bh]
+        im[y1a:y2a, x1a:x2a] = im[y1b:y2b, x1b:x2b]  # img4[ymin:ymax, xmin:xmax]
+        labels = np.append(labels, [[labels[i, 0], x1a, y1a, x2a, y2a]], axis=0)
+
+    return im, labels
+
+
+def letterbox(im, new_shape=(640, 640), color=(114, 114, 114), auto=True, scaleFill=False, scaleup=True, stride=32):
+    # Resize and pad image while meeting stride-multiple constraints
+    shape = im.shape[:2]  # current shape [height, width]
+    if isinstance(new_shape, int):
+        new_shape = (new_shape, new_shape)
+
+    # Scale ratio (new / old)
+    r = min(new_shape[0] / shape[0], new_shape[1] / shape[1])
+    if not scaleup:  # only scale down, do not scale up (for better test mAP)
+        r = min(r, 1.0)
+
+    # Compute padding
+    ratio = r, r  # width, height ratios
+    new_unpad = int(round(shape[1] * r)), int(round(shape[0] * r))
+    dw, dh = new_shape[1] - new_unpad[0], new_shape[0] - new_unpad[1]  # wh padding
+    if auto:  # minimum rectangle
+        dw, dh = np.mod(dw, stride), np.mod(dh, stride)  # wh padding
+    elif scaleFill:  # stretch
+        dw, dh = 0.0, 0.0
+        new_unpad = (new_shape[1], new_shape[0])
+        ratio = new_shape[1] / shape[1], new_shape[0] / shape[0]  # width, height ratios
+
+    dw /= 2  # divide padding into 2 sides
+    dh /= 2
+
+    if shape[::-1] != new_unpad:  # resize
+        im = cv2.resize(im, new_unpad, interpolation=cv2.INTER_LINEAR)
+    top, bottom = int(round(dh - 0.1)), int(round(dh + 0.1))
+    left, right = int(round(dw - 0.1)), int(round(dw + 0.1))
+    im = cv2.copyMakeBorder(im, top, bottom, left, right, cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT, value=color)  # add border
+    return im, ratio, (dw, dh)
+
+
+def random_perspective(im, targets=(), segments=(), degrees=10, translate=.1, scale=.1, shear=10, perspective=0.0,
+                       border=(0, 0)):
+    # torchvision.transforms.RandomAffine(degrees=(-10, 10), translate=(.1, .1), scale=(.9, 1.1), shear=(-10, 10))
+    # targets = [cls, xyxy]
+
+    height = im.shape[0] + border[0] * 2  # shape(h,w,c)
+    width = im.shape[1] + border[1] * 2
+
+    # Center
+    C = np.eye(3)
+    C[0, 2] = -im.shape[1] / 2  # x translation (pixels)
+    C[1, 2] = -im.shape[0] / 2  # y translation (pixels)
+
+    # Perspective
+    P = np.eye(3)
+    P[2, 0] = random.uniform(-perspective, perspective)  # x perspective (about y)
+    P[2, 1] = random.uniform(-perspective, perspective)  # y perspective (about x)
+
+    # Rotation and Scale
+    R = np.eye(3)
+    a = random.uniform(-degrees, degrees)
+    # a += random.choice([-180, -90, 0, 90])  # add 90deg rotations to small rotations
+    s = random.uniform(1 - scale, 1 + scale)
+    # s = 2 ** random.uniform(-scale, scale)
+    R[:2] = cv2.getRotationMatrix2D(angle=a, center=(0, 0), scale=s)
+
+    # Shear
+    S = np.eye(3)
+    S[0, 1] = math.tan(random.uniform(-shear, shear) * math.pi / 180)  # x shear (deg)
+    S[1, 0] = math.tan(random.uniform(-shear, shear) * math.pi / 180)  # y shear (deg)
+
+    # Translation
+    T = np.eye(3)
+    T[0, 2] = random.uniform(0.5 - translate, 0.5 + translate) * width  # x translation (pixels)
+    T[1, 2] = random.uniform(0.5 - translate, 0.5 + translate) * height  # y translation (pixels)
+
+    # Combined rotation matrix
+    M = T @ S @ R @ P @ C  # order of operations (right to left) is IMPORTANT
+    if (border[0] != 0) or (border[1] != 0) or (M != np.eye(3)).any():  # image changed
+        if perspective:
+            im = cv2.warpPerspective(im, M, dsize=(width, height), borderValue=(114, 114, 114))
+        else:  # affine
+            im = cv2.warpAffine(im, M[:2], dsize=(width, height), borderValue=(114, 114, 114))
+
+    # Visualize
+    # import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+    # ax = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(12, 6))[1].ravel()
+    # ax[0].imshow(img[:, :, ::-1])  # base
+    # ax[1].imshow(img2[:, :, ::-1])  # warped
+
+    # Transform label coordinates
+    n = len(targets)
+    if n:
+        use_segments = any(x.any() for x in segments)
+        new = np.zeros((n, 4))
+        if use_segments:  # warp segments
+            segments = resample_segments(segments)  # upsample
+            for i, segment in enumerate(segments):
+                xy = np.ones((len(segment), 3))
+                xy[:, :2] = segment
+                xy = xy @ M.T  # transform
+                xy = xy[:, :2] / xy[:, 2:3] if perspective else xy[:, :2]  # perspective rescale or affine
+
+                # clip
+                new[i] = segment2box(xy, width, height)
+
+        else:  # warp boxes
+            xy = np.ones((n * 4, 3))
+            xy[:, :2] = targets[:, [1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 4, 3, 2]].reshape(n * 4, 2)  # x1y1, x2y2, x1y2, x2y1
+            xy = xy @ M.T  # transform
+            xy = (xy[:, :2] / xy[:, 2:3] if perspective else xy[:, :2]).reshape(n, 8)  # perspective rescale or affine
+
+            # create new boxes
+            x = xy[:, [0, 2, 4, 6]]
+            y = xy[:, [1, 3, 5, 7]]
+            new = np.concatenate((x.min(1), y.min(1), x.max(1), y.max(1))).reshape(4, n).T
+
+            # clip
+            new[:, [0, 2]] = new[:, [0, 2]].clip(0, width)
+            new[:, [1, 3]] = new[:, [1, 3]].clip(0, height)
+
+        # filter candidates
+        i = box_candidates(box1=targets[:, 1:5].T * s, box2=new.T, area_thr=0.01 if use_segments else 0.10)
+        targets = targets[i]
+        targets[:, 1:5] = new[i]
+
+    return im, targets
+
+
+def copy_paste(im, labels, segments, probability=0.5):
+    # Implement Copy-Paste augmentation https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.07177, labels as nx5 np.array(cls, xyxy)
+    n = len(segments)
+    if probability and n:
+        h, w, c = im.shape  # height, width, channels
+        im_new = np.zeros(im.shape, np.uint8)
+        for j in random.sample(range(n), k=round(probability * n)):
+            l, s = labels[j], segments[j]
+            box = w - l[3], l[2], w - l[1], l[4]
+            ioa = bbox_ioa(box, labels[:, 1:5])  # intersection over area
+            if (ioa < 0.30).all():  # allow 30% obscuration of existing labels
+                labels = np.concatenate((labels, [[l[0], *box]]), 0)
+                segments.append(np.concatenate((w - s[:, 0:1], s[:, 1:2]), 1))
+                cv2.drawContours(im_new, [segments[j].astype(np.int32)], -1, (255, 255, 255), cv2.FILLED)
+
+        result = cv2.bitwise_and(src1=im, src2=im_new)
+        result = cv2.flip(result, 1)  # augment segments (flip left-right)
+        i = result > 0  # pixels to replace
+        # i[:, :] = result.max(2).reshape(h, w, 1)  # act over ch
+        im[i] = result[i]  # cv2.imwrite('debug.jpg', img)  # debug
+
+    return im, labels, segments
+
+
+def cutout(im, labels):
+    # Applies image cutout augmentation https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.04552
+    h, w = im.shape[:2]
+
+    # create random masks
+    scales = [0.5] * 1 + [0.25] * 2 + [0.125] * 4 + [0.0625] * 8 + [0.03125] * 16  # image size fraction
+    for s in scales:
+        mask_h = random.randint(1, int(h * s))
+        mask_w = random.randint(1, int(w * s))
+
+        # box
+        xmin = max(0, random.randint(0, w) - mask_w // 2)
+        ymin = max(0, random.randint(0, h) - mask_h // 2)
+        xmax = min(w, xmin + mask_w)
+        ymax = min(h, ymin + mask_h)
+
+        # apply random color mask
+        im[ymin:ymax, xmin:xmax] = [random.randint(64, 191) for _ in range(3)]
+
+        # return unobscured labels
+        if len(labels) and s > 0.03:
+            box = np.array([xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax], dtype=np.float32)
+            ioa = bbox_ioa(box, labels[:, 1:5])  # intersection over area
+            labels = labels[ioa < 0.60]  # remove >60% obscured labels
+
+    return labels
+
+
+def mixup(im, labels, im2, labels2):
+    # Applies MixUp augmentation https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.09412.pdf
+    r = np.random.beta(32.0, 32.0)  # mixup ratio, alpha=beta=32.0
+    im = (im * r + im2 * (1 - r)).astype(np.uint8)
+    labels = np.concatenate((labels, labels2), 0)
+    return im, labels
+
+
+def box_candidates(box1, box2, wh_thr=2, ar_thr=20, area_thr=0.1, eps=1e-16):  # box1(4,n), box2(4,n)
+    # Compute candidate boxes: box1 before augment, box2 after augment, wh_thr (pixels), aspect_ratio_thr, area_ratio
+    w1, h1 = box1[2] - box1[0], box1[3] - box1[1]
+    w2, h2 = box2[2] - box2[0], box2[3] - box2[1]
+    ar = np.maximum(w2 / (h2 + eps), h2 / (w2 + eps))  # aspect ratio
+    return (w2 > wh_thr) & (h2 > wh_thr) & (w2 * h2 / (w1 * h1 + eps) > area_thr) & (ar < ar_thr)  # candidates

utils/datasets.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Dataset utils and dataloaders
+# YOLOv5 dataset utils and dataloaders
 
 import glob
 import hashlib
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ from pathlib import Path
 from threading import Thread
 
 import cv2
-import math
 import numpy as np
 import torch
 import torch.nn.functional as F
@@ -23,9 +22,9 @@ from PIL import Image, ExifTags
 from torch.utils.data import Dataset
 from tqdm import tqdm
 
+from utils.augmentations import augment_hsv, copy_paste, letterbox, mixup, random_perspective
 from utils.general import check_requirements, check_file, check_dataset, xywh2xyxy, xywhn2xyxy, xyxy2xywhn, \
-    xyn2xy, segment2box, segments2boxes, resample_segments, clean_str
-from utils.metrics import bbox_ioa
+    xyn2xy, segments2boxes, clean_str
 from utils.torch_utils import torch_distributed_zero_first
 
 # Parameters
@@ -523,12 +522,10 @@ class LoadImagesAndLabels(Dataset):  # for training/testing
             img, labels = load_mosaic(self, index)
             shapes = None
 
-            # MixUp https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.09412.pdf
+            # MixUp augmentation
             if random.random() < hyp['mixup']:
-                img2, labels2 = load_mosaic(self, random.randint(0, self.n - 1))
-                r = np.random.beta(32.0, 32.0)  # mixup ratio, alpha=beta=32.0
-                img = (img * r + img2 * (1 - r)).astype(np.uint8)
-                labels = np.concatenate((labels, labels2), 0)
+                img, labels = mixup(img, labels, *load_mosaic(self, random.randint(0, self.n - 1)))
+
 
         else:
             # Load image
@@ -639,32 +636,6 @@ def load_image(self, index):
         return self.imgs[index], self.img_hw0[index], self.img_hw[index]  # img, hw_original, hw_resized
 
 
-def augment_hsv(img, hgain=0.5, sgain=0.5, vgain=0.5):
-    if hgain or sgain or vgain:
-        r = np.random.uniform(-1, 1, 3) * [hgain, sgain, vgain] + 1  # random gains
-        hue, sat, val = cv2.split(cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV))
-        dtype = img.dtype  # uint8
-
-        x = np.arange(0, 256, dtype=r.dtype)
-        lut_hue = ((x * r[0]) % 180).astype(dtype)
-        lut_sat = np.clip(x * r[1], 0, 255).astype(dtype)
-        lut_val = np.clip(x * r[2], 0, 255).astype(dtype)
-
-        img_hsv = cv2.merge((cv2.LUT(hue, lut_hue), cv2.LUT(sat, lut_sat), cv2.LUT(val, lut_val)))
-        cv2.cvtColor(img_hsv, cv2.COLOR_HSV2BGR, dst=img)  # no return needed
-
-
-def hist_equalize(img, clahe=True, bgr=False):
-    # Equalize histogram on BGR image 'img' with img.shape(n,m,3) and range 0-255
-    yuv = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2YUV if bgr else cv2.COLOR_RGB2YUV)
-    if clahe:
-        c = cv2.createCLAHE(clipLimit=2.0, tileGridSize=(8, 8))
-        yuv[:, :, 0] = c.apply(yuv[:, :, 0])
-    else:
-        yuv[:, :, 0] = cv2.equalizeHist(yuv[:, :, 0])  # equalize Y channel histogram
-    return cv2.cvtColor(yuv, cv2.COLOR_YUV2BGR if bgr else cv2.COLOR_YUV2RGB)  # convert YUV image to RGB
-
-
 def load_mosaic(self, index):
     # loads images in a 4-mosaic
 
@@ -796,205 +767,6 @@ def load_mosaic9(self, index):
     return img9, labels9
 
 
-def replicate(img, labels):
-    # Replicate labels
-    h, w = img.shape[:2]
-    boxes = labels[:, 1:].astype(int)
-    x1, y1, x2, y2 = boxes.T
-    s = ((x2 - x1) + (y2 - y1)) / 2  # side length (pixels)
-    for i in s.argsort()[:round(s.size * 0.5)]:  # smallest indices
-        x1b, y1b, x2b, y2b = boxes[i]
-        bh, bw = y2b - y1b, x2b - x1b
-        yc, xc = int(random.uniform(0, h - bh)), int(random.uniform(0, w - bw))  # offset x, y
-        x1a, y1a, x2a, y2a = [xc, yc, xc + bw, yc + bh]
-        img[y1a:y2a, x1a:x2a] = img[y1b:y2b, x1b:x2b]  # img4[ymin:ymax, xmin:xmax]
-        labels = np.append(labels, [[labels[i, 0], x1a, y1a, x2a, y2a]], axis=0)
-
-    return img, labels
-
-
-def letterbox(img, new_shape=(640, 640), color=(114, 114, 114), auto=True, scaleFill=False, scaleup=True, stride=32):
-    # Resize and pad image while meeting stride-multiple constraints
-    shape = img.shape[:2]  # current shape [height, width]
-    if isinstance(new_shape, int):
-        new_shape = (new_shape, new_shape)
-
-    # Scale ratio (new / old)
-    r = min(new_shape[0] / shape[0], new_shape[1] / shape[1])
-    if not scaleup:  # only scale down, do not scale up (for better test mAP)
-        r = min(r, 1.0)
-
-    # Compute padding
-    ratio = r, r  # width, height ratios
-    new_unpad = int(round(shape[1] * r)), int(round(shape[0] * r))
-    dw, dh = new_shape[1] - new_unpad[0], new_shape[0] - new_unpad[1]  # wh padding
-    if auto:  # minimum rectangle
-        dw, dh = np.mod(dw, stride), np.mod(dh, stride)  # wh padding
-    elif scaleFill:  # stretch
-        dw, dh = 0.0, 0.0
-        new_unpad = (new_shape[1], new_shape[0])
-        ratio = new_shape[1] / shape[1], new_shape[0] / shape[0]  # width, height ratios
-
-    dw /= 2  # divide padding into 2 sides
-    dh /= 2
-
-    if shape[::-1] != new_unpad:  # resize
-        img = cv2.resize(img, new_unpad, interpolation=cv2.INTER_LINEAR)
-    top, bottom = int(round(dh - 0.1)), int(round(dh + 0.1))
-    left, right = int(round(dw - 0.1)), int(round(dw + 0.1))
-    img = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, top, bottom, left, right, cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT, value=color)  # add border
-    return img, ratio, (dw, dh)
-
-
-def random_perspective(img, targets=(), segments=(), degrees=10, translate=.1, scale=.1, shear=10, perspective=0.0,
-                       border=(0, 0)):
-    # torchvision.transforms.RandomAffine(degrees=(-10, 10), translate=(.1, .1), scale=(.9, 1.1), shear=(-10, 10))
-    # targets = [cls, xyxy]
-
-    height = img.shape[0] + border[0] * 2  # shape(h,w,c)
-    width = img.shape[1] + border[1] * 2
-
-    # Center
-    C = np.eye(3)
-    C[0, 2] = -img.shape[1] / 2  # x translation (pixels)
-    C[1, 2] = -img.shape[0] / 2  # y translation (pixels)
-
-    # Perspective
-    P = np.eye(3)
-    P[2, 0] = random.uniform(-perspective, perspective)  # x perspective (about y)
-    P[2, 1] = random.uniform(-perspective, perspective)  # y perspective (about x)
-
-    # Rotation and Scale
-    R = np.eye(3)
-    a = random.uniform(-degrees, degrees)
-    # a += random.choice([-180, -90, 0, 90])  # add 90deg rotations to small rotations
-    s = random.uniform(1 - scale, 1 + scale)
-    # s = 2 ** random.uniform(-scale, scale)
-    R[:2] = cv2.getRotationMatrix2D(angle=a, center=(0, 0), scale=s)
-
-    # Shear
-    S = np.eye(3)
-    S[0, 1] = math.tan(random.uniform(-shear, shear) * math.pi / 180)  # x shear (deg)
-    S[1, 0] = math.tan(random.uniform(-shear, shear) * math.pi / 180)  # y shear (deg)
-
-    # Translation
-    T = np.eye(3)
-    T[0, 2] = random.uniform(0.5 - translate, 0.5 + translate) * width  # x translation (pixels)
-    T[1, 2] = random.uniform(0.5 - translate, 0.5 + translate) * height  # y translation (pixels)
-
-    # Combined rotation matrix
-    M = T @ S @ R @ P @ C  # order of operations (right to left) is IMPORTANT
-    if (border[0] != 0) or (border[1] != 0) or (M != np.eye(3)).any():  # image changed
-        if perspective:
-            img = cv2.warpPerspective(img, M, dsize=(width, height), borderValue=(114, 114, 114))
-        else:  # affine
-            img = cv2.warpAffine(img, M[:2], dsize=(width, height), borderValue=(114, 114, 114))
-
-    # Visualize
-    # import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
-    # ax = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(12, 6))[1].ravel()
-    # ax[0].imshow(img[:, :, ::-1])  # base
-    # ax[1].imshow(img2[:, :, ::-1])  # warped
-
-    # Transform label coordinates
-    n = len(targets)
-    if n:
-        use_segments = any(x.any() for x in segments)
-        new = np.zeros((n, 4))
-        if use_segments:  # warp segments
-            segments = resample_segments(segments)  # upsample
-            for i, segment in enumerate(segments):
-                xy = np.ones((len(segment), 3))
-                xy[:, :2] = segment
-                xy = xy @ M.T  # transform
-                xy = xy[:, :2] / xy[:, 2:3] if perspective else xy[:, :2]  # perspective rescale or affine
-
-                # clip
-                new[i] = segment2box(xy, width, height)
-
-        else:  # warp boxes
-            xy = np.ones((n * 4, 3))
-            xy[:, :2] = targets[:, [1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 4, 3, 2]].reshape(n * 4, 2)  # x1y1, x2y2, x1y2, x2y1
-            xy = xy @ M.T  # transform
-            xy = (xy[:, :2] / xy[:, 2:3] if perspective else xy[:, :2]).reshape(n, 8)  # perspective rescale or affine
-
-            # create new boxes
-            x = xy[:, [0, 2, 4, 6]]
-            y = xy[:, [1, 3, 5, 7]]
-            new = np.concatenate((x.min(1), y.min(1), x.max(1), y.max(1))).reshape(4, n).T
-
-            # clip
-            new[:, [0, 2]] = new[:, [0, 2]].clip(0, width)
-            new[:, [1, 3]] = new[:, [1, 3]].clip(0, height)
-
-        # filter candidates
-        i = box_candidates(box1=targets[:, 1:5].T * s, box2=new.T, area_thr=0.01 if use_segments else 0.10)
-        targets = targets[i]
-        targets[:, 1:5] = new[i]
-
-    return img, targets
-
-
-def copy_paste(img, labels, segments, probability=0.5):
-    # Implement Copy-Paste augmentation https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.07177, labels as nx5 np.array(cls, xyxy)
-    n = len(segments)
-    if probability and n:
-        h, w, c = img.shape  # height, width, channels
-        im_new = np.zeros(img.shape, np.uint8)
-        for j in random.sample(range(n), k=round(probability * n)):
-            l, s = labels[j], segments[j]
-            box = w - l[3], l[2], w - l[1], l[4]
-            ioa = bbox_ioa(box, labels[:, 1:5])  # intersection over area
-            if (ioa < 0.30).all():  # allow 30% obscuration of existing labels
-                labels = np.concatenate((labels, [[l[0], *box]]), 0)
-                segments.append(np.concatenate((w - s[:, 0:1], s[:, 1:2]), 1))
-                cv2.drawContours(im_new, [segments[j].astype(np.int32)], -1, (255, 255, 255), cv2.FILLED)
-
-        result = cv2.bitwise_and(src1=img, src2=im_new)
-        result = cv2.flip(result, 1)  # augment segments (flip left-right)
-        i = result > 0  # pixels to replace
-        # i[:, :] = result.max(2).reshape(h, w, 1)  # act over ch
-        img[i] = result[i]  # cv2.imwrite('debug.jpg', img)  # debug
-
-    return img, labels, segments
-
-
-def box_candidates(box1, box2, wh_thr=2, ar_thr=20, area_thr=0.1, eps=1e-16):  # box1(4,n), box2(4,n)
-    # Compute candidate boxes: box1 before augment, box2 after augment, wh_thr (pixels), aspect_ratio_thr, area_ratio
-    w1, h1 = box1[2] - box1[0], box1[3] - box1[1]
-    w2, h2 = box2[2] - box2[0], box2[3] - box2[1]
-    ar = np.maximum(w2 / (h2 + eps), h2 / (w2 + eps))  # aspect ratio
-    return (w2 > wh_thr) & (h2 > wh_thr) & (w2 * h2 / (w1 * h1 + eps) > area_thr) & (ar < ar_thr)  # candidates
-
-
-def cutout(image, labels):
-    # Applies image cutout augmentation https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.04552
-    h, w = image.shape[:2]
-
-    # create random masks
-    scales = [0.5] * 1 + [0.25] * 2 + [0.125] * 4 + [0.0625] * 8 + [0.03125] * 16  # image size fraction
-    for s in scales:
-        mask_h = random.randint(1, int(h * s))
-        mask_w = random.randint(1, int(w * s))
-
-        # box
-        xmin = max(0, random.randint(0, w) - mask_w // 2)
-        ymin = max(0, random.randint(0, h) - mask_h // 2)
-        xmax = min(w, xmin + mask_w)
-        ymax = min(h, ymin + mask_h)
-
-        # apply random color mask
-        image[ymin:ymax, xmin:xmax] = [random.randint(64, 191) for _ in range(3)]
-
-        # return unobscured labels
-        if len(labels) and s > 0.03:
-            box = np.array([xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax], dtype=np.float32)
-            ioa = bbox_ioa(box, labels[:, 1:5])  # intersection over area
-            labels = labels[ioa < 0.60]  # remove >60% obscured labels
-
-    return labels
-
-
 def create_folder(path='./new'):
     # Create folder
     if os.path.exists(path):
@@ -1012,7 +784,6 @@ def flatten_recursive(path='../datasets/coco128'):
 
 def extract_boxes(path='../datasets/coco128'):  # from utils.datasets import *; extract_boxes()
     # Convert detection dataset into classification dataset, with one directory per class
-
     path = Path(path)  # images dir
     shutil.rmtree(path / 'classifier') if (path / 'classifier').is_dir() else None  # remove existing
     files = list(path.rglob('*.*'))