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| <title> LEDITS++: Limitless Image Editing using Text-to-Image Models </title> | |
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| <h1 class="title is-1 publication-title">LEDITS++: Limitless Image Editing using Text-to-Image Models</h1> | |
| <div class="is-size-5 publication-authors"> | |
| <span class="author-block"> | |
| <a>Manuel Brack</a>¹², | |
| </span> | |
| <span class="author-block"> | |
| <a>Felix Friedrich</a>²³, | |
| </span> | |
| <span class="author-block"> | |
| <a>Katharina Kornmeier</a>², | |
| </span> | |
| <span class="author-block"> | |
| <a>Linoy Tsaban</a>⁴, | |
| </span> | |
| <span class="author-block"> | |
| <a>Patrick Schramowski</a>¹²³⁶, | |
| </span> | |
| <span class="author-block"> | |
| <a>Kristian Kersting</a>¹²³⁵, | |
| </span> | |
| <span class="author-block"> | |
| <a>Apolinário Passos</a>⁴ | |
| </span> | |
| <p></p> | |
| <div class="is-size-5 publication-authors"> | |
| <span class="author-block">¹ German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI),</span> | |
| <span class="author-block">² Computer Science Department, TU Darmstadt,</span> | |
| <span class="author-block">³ Hessian.AI,</span> | |
| <span class="author-block">⁴ HuggingFace🤗,</span> | |
| <span class="author-block">⁵ Centre for Cognitive Science, TU Darmstadt,</span> | |
| <span class="author-block">⁶ LAION</span> | |
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| </section> | |
| <section class="hero teaser"> | |
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| <h2 class="subtitle has-text-centered"> | |
| *Teaser GIF/image description* | |
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| <!-- Abstract. --> | |
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| <h2 class="title is-3">Abstract</h2> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <p> | |
| Text-to-image diffusion models have recently received a lot of interest for their | |
| astonishing ability to produce high-fidelity images from text only. Subsequent | |
| research efforts are aiming to exploit the capabilities of these models and leverage | |
| them for intuitive, textual image editing. However, existing methods often require | |
| time-consuming fine-tuning and lack native support for performing multiple edits | |
| simultaneously. To address these issues, we introduce LEDITS++ , an efficient yet | |
| versatile technique for image editing using text-to-image models. LEDITS++ re- | |
| quires no tuning nor optimization, runs in a few diffusion steps, natively supports | |
| multiple simultaneous edits, inherently limits changes to relevant image regions, | |
| and is architecture agnostic. | |
| </p> | |
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| </section> | |
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| <img src="static/images/teaser.png" | |
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| style="max-height:700px; max-width:1200px" | |
| alt="ledits++ teaser"/> | |
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| </section> | |
| <section class="section"> | |
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| <!-- Introduction --> | |
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| <h2 class="title is-3">LEDITS++: Efficient and Versatile Textual Image Editing</h2> | |
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| <div class="content"> | |
| <p> | |
| To ease textual image editing, we present LEDITS++, a novel method for efficient and versatile image | |
| editing using text-to-image diffusion models. Firstly, LEDITS++ sets itself apart as a parameter-free | |
| solution requiring no fine-tuning nor any optimization. We derive characteristics of an edit-friendly | |
| noise space with a perfect input reconstruction, which were previously proposed for the DDPM | |
| sampling scheme, for a significantly faster multistep stochastic differential-equation (SDE) | |
| solver. This novel invertibility of the DPM-solver++ facilitates editing with LEDITS++ in as | |
| little as 20 total diffusion steps for inversion and inference combined. | |
| Moreover, LEDITS++ places a strong emphasis on semantic grounding to enhance the visual and | |
| contextual coherence of the edits. This ensures that changes are limited to the relevant regions in the | |
| image, preserving the original image’s fidelity as much as possible. LEDITS++ also provides users | |
| with the flexibility to combine multiple edits seamlessly, opening up new creative possibilities for | |
| intricate image manipulations. Finally, the approach is architecture-agnostic and compatible with any | |
| diffusion model, whether latent or pixel-based. | |
| </p> | |
| <section class="section"> | |
| <div class="container is-max-desktop"> | |
| <div class="columns is-centered has-text-centered"> | |
| <img src="static/images/variations.png" | |
| class="interpolation-image" | |
| style="max-height:800px; max-width:1000px" | |
| alt="examples"/> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="columns is-centered has-text-centered" style="margin-top: 2.5em;"> | |
| <img src="static/images/smile_progression.png" | |
| class="interpolation-image" | |
| style="max-height:800px; max-width:1000px" | |
| alt="examples"/> | |
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| </section> | |
| <div class="columns is-centered has-text-centered"> | |
| <h2 class="title is-3">Methodology | |
| </h2> | |
| </div> | |
| <p> | |
| The methodology of LEDITS++ can be broken down into three components: (1) efficient image | |
| inversion, (2) versatile textual editing, and (3) semantic grounding of image changes. | |
| </p> | |
| <div class="columns is-centered has-text-centered"> | |
| <img src="static/images/ledits_teaser.jpg" | |
| style="max-height:620px; max-width:1000px" | |
| alt="diagram"/> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </section> | |
| <section class="section"> | |
| <div class="container is-max-desktop"> | |
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| <div class="columns is-centered"> | |
| <!-- Editing workflows --> | |
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| <div class="content"> | |
| <h2 class="title is-4">Component 1: Perfect Inversion</h2> | |
| <p> | |
| Utilizing T2I models for editing real images is usually done by inverting the sampling | |
| process to identify a noisy xT that will be denoised to the input image x0. | |
| We draw characteristics from edit friendly DDPM inversion [] and propose an efficient | |
| inversion method that greatly reduces the required number | |
| of steps while maintaining no reconstruction error. | |
| DDPM can be viewed as a first-order | |
| SDE solver when formulating the reverse diffusion process as an SDE. This | |
| SDE can be solved more efficiently—in fewer steps— | |
| using a higher-order differential equation solver, hence we derive a new, faster | |
| technique - dpm-solver++ Inversion. | |
| </p> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="column"> | |
| <h2 class="title is-4">Component 2: Textual Editing</h2> | |
| <div class="columns is-centered"> | |
| <div class="column content"> | |
| <p> | |
| After creating our re-construction sequence, we can edit the image by manipulating | |
| the noise estimate εθ based on a set of edit instructions. We devise a dedicated | |
| guidance term for each concept based on conditioned and unconditioned estimate. We | |
| define LEDITS++ guidance such that it both reflects the direction of the edit (if we | |
| want | |
| to push away from/towards the edit concept) and maximizes fine-grained control over | |
| the effect of the desired edit | |
| </p> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="column"> | |
| <h2 class="title is-4">Component 3: Semantic Grounding</h2> | |
| <div class="columns is-centered"> | |
| <div class="column content"> | |
| <p> | |
| In our defined LEDITS++ guidance, we include a masking term composed of the | |
| intersection between the mask generated from | |
| the U-Net’s cross-attention layers and a mask derived from | |
| the noise estimate - yielding a mask both focused on relevant image | |
| regions and of fine granularity. | |
| We empirically demonstrate that these maps can also capture regions 290 | |
| of an image relevant to an editing concept that is not already present. | |
| Specifically for multiple edits, calculating a | |
| dedicated mask for each edit prompt ensures that the corresponding | |
| guidance terms remain largely isolated, limiting | |
| interference between them. | |
| </p> | |
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| <h2 class="title is-3">Interactive Demo</h2> | |
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| type="module" | |
| src="https://gradio.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/3.43.0/gradio.js" | |
| ></script> | |
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| <h2 class="title">BibTeX</h2> | |
| <pre><code>@article{ | |
| }</code></pre> | |
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