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---
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
tags:
- sentence-transformers
- feature-extraction
- sentence-similarity
- transformers
- mteb
license: apache-2.0
datasets:
- unicamp-dl/mmarco
language:
- it
library_name: sentence-transformers
model-index:
- name: mmarco-sentence-flare-it
results:
- task:
type: Classification
dataset:
type: mteb/amazon_massive_intent
name: MTEB MassiveIntentClassification (it)
config: it
split: test
revision: 31efe3c427b0bae9c22cbb560b8f15491cc6bed7
metrics:
- type: accuracy
value: 22.299932750504368
- type: f1
value: 20.147804322480262
- task:
type: Classification
dataset:
type: mteb/amazon_massive_scenario
name: MTEB MassiveScenarioClassification (it)
config: it
split: test
revision: 7d571f92784cd94a019292a1f45445077d0ef634
metrics:
- type: accuracy
value: 27.40753194351042
- type: f1
value: 25.187141587127705
- task:
type: STS
dataset:
type: mteb/sts22-crosslingual-sts
name: MTEB STS22 (it)
config: it
split: test
revision: 6d1ba47164174a496b7fa5d3569dae26a6813b80
metrics:
- type: cos_sim_pearson
value: 30.67175493186678
- type: cos_sim_spearman
value: 37.92638638971281
- type: euclidean_pearson
value: 37.47072224334179
- type: euclidean_spearman
value: 39.23036609148336
- type: manhattan_pearson
value: 42.92657347688227
- type: manhattan_spearman
value: 43.93955531904934
---
# mmarco-sentence-flare-it
This is a [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) model: It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 384 dimensional dense vector space and can be used for tasks like clustering or semantic search.
<!--- Describe your model here -->
## Usage (Sentence-Transformers)
Using this model becomes easy when you have [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) installed:
```
pip install -U sentence-transformers
```
Then you can use the model like this:
```python
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer, util
query = "Quante persone vivono a Londra?"
docs = ["A Londra vivono circa 9 milioni di persone", "Londra è conosciuta per il suo quartiere finanziario"]
#Load the model
model = SentenceTransformer('nickprock/mmarco-sentence-flare-it')
#Encode query and documents
query_emb = model.encode(query)
doc_emb = model.encode(docs)
#Compute dot score between query and all document embeddings
scores = util.dot_score(query_emb, doc_emb)[0].cpu().tolist()
#Combine docs & scores
doc_score_pairs = list(zip(docs, scores))
#Sort by decreasing score
doc_score_pairs = sorted(doc_score_pairs, key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
#Output passages & scores
for doc, score in doc_score_pairs:
print(score, doc)
```
## Usage (HuggingFace Transformers)
Without [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net), you can use the model like this: First, you pass your input through the transformer model, then you have to apply the right pooling-operation on-top of the contextualized word embeddings.
```python
from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModel
import torch
#Mean Pooling - Take attention mask into account for correct averaging
def mean_pooling(model_output, attention_mask):
token_embeddings = model_output.last_hidden_state
input_mask_expanded = attention_mask.unsqueeze(-1).expand(token_embeddings.size()).float()
return torch.sum(token_embeddings * input_mask_expanded, 1) / torch.clamp(input_mask_expanded.sum(1), min=1e-9)
#Encode text
def encode(texts):
# Tokenize sentences
encoded_input = tokenizer(texts, padding=True, truncation=True, return_tensors='pt')
# Compute token embeddings
with torch.no_grad():
model_output = model(**encoded_input, return_dict=True)
# Perform pooling
embeddings = mean_pooling(model_output, encoded_input['attention_mask'])
return embeddings
# Sentences we want sentence embeddings for
query = "Quante persone vivono a Londra?"
docs = ["A Londra vivono circa 9 milioni di persone", "Londra è conosciuta per il suo quartiere finanziario"]
# Load model from HuggingFace Hub
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("nickprock/mmarco-sentence-flare-it")
model = AutoModel.from_pretrained("nickprock/mmarco-sentence-flare-it")
#Encode query and docs
query_emb = encode(query)
doc_emb = encode(docs)
#Compute dot score between query and all document embeddings
scores = torch.mm(query_emb, doc_emb.transpose(0, 1))[0].cpu().tolist()
#Combine docs & scores
doc_score_pairs = list(zip(docs, scores))
#Sort by decreasing score
doc_score_pairs = sorted(doc_score_pairs, key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
#Output passages & scores
print("Query:", query)
for doc, score in doc_score_pairs:
print(score, doc)
```
## Evaluation Results
<!--- Describe how your model was evaluated -->
For an automated evaluation of this model, see the *Sentence Embeddings Benchmark*: [https://seb.sbert.net](https://seb.sbert.net?model_name={MODEL_NAME})
## Training
The model was trained with the parameters:
**DataLoader**:
`torch.utils.data.dataloader.DataLoader` of length 7500 with parameters:
```
{'batch_size': 16, 'sampler': 'torch.utils.data.sampler.RandomSampler', 'batch_sampler': 'torch.utils.data.sampler.BatchSampler'}
```
**Loss**:
`sentence_transformers.losses.TripletLoss.TripletLoss` with parameters:
```
{'distance_metric': 'TripletDistanceMetric.EUCLIDEAN', 'triplet_margin': 5}
```
Parameters of the fit()-Method:
```
{
"epochs": 10,
"evaluation_steps": 500,
"evaluator": "sentence_transformers.evaluation.TripletEvaluator.TripletEvaluator",
"max_grad_norm": 1,
"optimizer_class": "<class 'torch.optim.adamw.AdamW'>",
"optimizer_params": {
"lr": 2e-05
},
"scheduler": "WarmupLinear",
"steps_per_epoch": 1500,
"warmup_steps": 7500,
"weight_decay": 0.01
}
```
## Full Model Architecture
```
SentenceTransformer(
(0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: XLMRobertaModel
(1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 384, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False})
)
```
## Citing & Authors
More information about the [base model here](https://huggingface.co/osiria/flare-it/)