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--- |
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license: apache-2.0 |
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tags: |
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- super-image |
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- image-super-resolution |
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datasets: |
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- eugenesiow/Div2k |
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- eugenesiow/Set5 |
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- eugenesiow/Set14 |
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- eugenesiow/BSD100 |
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- eugenesiow/Urban100 |
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metrics: |
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- pnsr |
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- ssim |
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--- |
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# Multi-Scale Deep Super-Resolution System (MDSR) |
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MDSR model pre-trained on DIV2K (800 images training, augmented to 4000 images, 100 images validation) for 2x, 3x and 4x image super resolution. It was introduced in the paper [Enhanced Deep Residual Networks for Single Image Super-Resolution](https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.02921) by Lim et al. (2017) and first released in [this repository](https://github.com/sanghyun-son/EDSR-PyTorch). |
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The goal of image super resolution is to restore a high resolution (HR) image from a single low resolution (LR) image. The image below shows the ground truth (HR), the bicubic upscaling and model upscaling. |
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## Model description |
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The MDSR is a model that uses both deeper and wider architecture (32 ResBlocks and 256 channels) to improve performance. It uses both global and local skip connections, and up-scaling is done at the end of the network. It doesn't use batch normalization layers (input and output have similar distributions, normalizing intermediate features may not be desirable) instead it uses constant scaling layers to ensure stable training. An L1 loss function (absolute error) is used instead of L2 (MSE), the authors showed better performance empirically and it requires less computation. |
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This model also applies the balanced attention (BAM) method invented by [Wang et al. (2021)](https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.07566) to further improve the results. |
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## Intended uses & limitations |
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You can use the pre-trained models for upscaling your images 2x, 3x and 4x. You can also use the trainer to train a model on your own dataset. |
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### How to use |
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The model can be used with the [super_image](https://github.com/eugenesiow/super-image) library: |
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```bash |
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pip install super-image |
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``` |
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Here is how to use a pre-trained model to upscale your image: |
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```python |
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from super_image import MdsrModel, ImageLoader |
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from PIL import Image |
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import requests |
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url = 'https://paperswithcode.com/media/datasets/Set5-0000002728-07a9793f_zA3bDjj.jpg' |
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image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw) |
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model = MdsrModel.from_pretrained('eugenesiow/mdsr-bam', scale=2) # scale 2, 3 and 4 models available |
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inputs = ImageLoader.load_image(image) |
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preds = model(inputs) |
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ImageLoader.save_image(preds, './scaled_2x.png') # save the output 2x scaled image to `./scaled_2x.png` |
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ImageLoader.save_compare(inputs, preds, './scaled_2x_compare.png') # save an output comparing the super-image with a bicubic scaling |
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``` |
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[](https://colab.research.google.com/github/eugenesiow/super-image-notebooks/blob/master/notebooks/Upscale_Images_with_Pretrained_super_image_Models.ipynb "Open in Colab") |
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## Training data |
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The models for 2x, 3x and 4x image super resolution were pretrained on [DIV2K](https://huggingface.co/datasets/eugenesiow/Div2k), a dataset of 800 high-quality (2K resolution) images for training, augmented to 4000 images and uses a dev set of 100 validation images (images numbered 801 to 900). |
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## Training procedure |
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### Preprocessing |
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We follow the pre-processing and training method of [Wang et al.](https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.07566). |
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Low Resolution (LR) images are created by using bicubic interpolation as the resizing method to reduce the size of the High Resolution (HR) images by x2, x3 and x4 times. |
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During training, RGB patches with size of 64×64 from the LR input are used together with their corresponding HR patches. |
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Data augmentation is applied to the training set in the pre-processing stage where five images are created from the four corners and center of the original image. |
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We need the huggingface [datasets](https://huggingface.co/datasets?filter=task_ids:other-other-image-super-resolution) library to download the data: |
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```bash |
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pip install datasets |
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``` |
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The following code gets the data and preprocesses/augments the data. |
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```python |
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from datasets import load_dataset |
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from super_image.data import EvalDataset, TrainDataset, augment_five_crop |
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augmented_dataset = load_dataset('eugenesiow/Div2k', 'bicubic_x4', split='train')\ |
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.map(augment_five_crop, batched=True, desc="Augmenting Dataset") # download and augment the data with the five_crop method |
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train_dataset = TrainDataset(augmented_dataset) # prepare the train dataset for loading PyTorch DataLoader |
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eval_dataset = EvalDataset(load_dataset('eugenesiow/Div2k', 'bicubic_x4', split='validation')) # prepare the eval dataset for the PyTorch DataLoader |
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``` |
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### Pretraining |
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The model was trained on GPU. The training code is provided below: |
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```python |
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from super_image import Trainer, TrainingArguments, MdsrModel, MdsrConfig |
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training_args = TrainingArguments( |
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output_dir='./results', # output directory |
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num_train_epochs=1000, # total number of training epochs |
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) |
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config = MdsrConfig( |
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scale=4, # train a model to upscale 4x |
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bam=True, # apply balanced attention to the network |
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) |
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model = MdsrModel(config) |
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trainer = Trainer( |
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model=model, # the instantiated model to be trained |
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args=training_args, # training arguments, defined above |
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train_dataset=train_dataset, # training dataset |
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eval_dataset=eval_dataset # evaluation dataset |
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) |
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trainer.train() |
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``` |
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[](https://colab.research.google.com/github/eugenesiow/super-image-notebooks/blob/master/notebooks/Train_super_image_Models.ipynb "Open in Colab") |
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## Evaluation results |
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The evaluation metrics include [PSNR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_signal-to-noise_ratio#Quality_estimation_with_PSNR) and [SSIM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_similarity#Algorithm). |
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Evaluation datasets include: |
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- Set5 - [Bevilacqua et al. (2012)](https://huggingface.co/datasets/eugenesiow/Set5) |
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- Set14 - [Zeyde et al. (2010)](https://huggingface.co/datasets/eugenesiow/Set14) |
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- BSD100 - [Martin et al. (2001)](https://huggingface.co/datasets/eugenesiow/BSD100) |
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- Urban100 - [Huang et al. (2015)](https://huggingface.co/datasets/eugenesiow/Urban100) |
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The results columns below are represented below as `PSNR/SSIM`. They are compared against a Bicubic baseline. |
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|Dataset |Scale |Bicubic |mdsr-bam | |
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|--- |--- |--- |--- | |
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|Set5 |2x |33.64/0.9292 |**38/0.9607** | |
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|Set5 |3x |30.39/0.8678 |**35.07/0.9402** | |
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|Set5 |4x |28.42/0.8101 |**32.19/0.8949** | |
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|Set14 |2x |30.22/0.8683 |**33.68/0.9182** | |
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|Set14 |3x |27.53/0.7737 |**31.04/0.8582** | |
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|Set14 |4x |25.99/0.7023 |**28.73/0.7847** | |
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|BSD100 |2x |29.55/0.8425 |**33.77/0.9253** | |
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|BSD100 |3x |27.20/0.7382 |**29.62/0.8188** | |
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|BSD100 |4x |25.96/0.6672 |**28.5/0.7645** | |
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|Urban100 |2x |26.66/0.8408 |**32.04/0.9272** | |
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|Urban100 |3x | |**29.16/0.8717** | |
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|Urban100 |4x |23.14/0.6573 |**26.02/0.7834** | |
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You can find a notebook to easily run evaluation on pretrained models below: |
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[](https://colab.research.google.com/github/eugenesiow/super-image-notebooks/blob/master/notebooks/Evaluate_Pretrained_super_image_Models.ipynb "Open in Colab") |
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## BibTeX entry and citation info |
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```bibtex |
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@misc{wang2021bam, |
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title={BAM: A Lightweight and Efficient Balanced Attention Mechanism for Single Image Super Resolution}, |
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author={Fanyi Wang and Haotian Hu and Cheng Shen}, |
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year={2021}, |
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eprint={2104.07566}, |
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archivePrefix={arXiv}, |
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primaryClass={eess.IV} |
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} |
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``` |
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```bibtex |
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@article{ahn2018fast, |
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title={Fast, Accurate, and Lightweight Super-Resolution with Cascading Residual Network}, |
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author={Ahn, Namhyuk and Kang, Byungkon and Sohn, Kyung-Ah}, |
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journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:1803.08664}, |
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year={2018} |
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} |
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``` |
