zetavg/mlqa_en_zh_tw huggingface dataset:
Banana Fish
Banana Fish

context: zh_tw: 《BANANA FISH 戰慄殺機》（日語：バナナフィッシュ，英語：BANANA FISH）是由吉田秋生所創作的日本漫畫作品。於《別冊少女 COMIC》1985 年 5 月號至 1994 年 4 月號（1994 年 6 月號、8・9 月合併號、1995 年 1 月號刊載番外篇）之間連載。單行本全 19 集、文庫版全 12 集另含番外篇 1 集。也發行以本作為基礎製作的廣播劇。
en: Banana Fish (Japanese: バナナフィッシュ) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Akimi Yoshida. Serialized in Bessatsu Shōjo Comic from 1985 to 1994 and adapted into an anime television series in 2018, the series follows Ash Lynx, a teenage gang leader in New York City. It takes its name from the J. D. Salinger short story "A Perfect Day for Bananafish".
qas: question: zh_tw: 該日本叢書的名稱中提到了什麼水果？
en: What fruit is mentioned in the name of this Japanese book series?
answers: zh_tw: text: BANANA
en: text: Banana
伊朗航空 277 號班機空難
Iran Air Flight 277

context: zh_tw: 伊朗航空 277 號班機是伊朗國內的一趟定期航班。由伊朗航空經營。當地時間 2011 年 1 月 9 日 19 時 45 分，執行此航班的波音 727-286Adv，在即將降落烏爾米耶機場時墜毀。當時機上有 105 人
en: Iran Air Flight 277 was a passenger flight which crashed near Urmia Airport, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran, on 9 January 2011. At least 77 of the more than 100 aboard died. The aircraft involved, a Boeing 727-286Adv, was operating Iran Air's scheduled domestic service from Mehrabad International Airport, Tehran, to Urmia. It crashed after a go-around was initiated during final approach, in poor weather conditions.
qas: question: zh_tw: 2011 年在伊朗墜毀的班機是什麼號碼？
en: What was the flight number that crashed in Iran in 2011?
answers: zh_tw: text: 277
en: text: 277
美熹德 (加利福尼亞州)
Merced, California

context: zh_tw: 美熹德也被稱為「通往優勝美地之門 (Gateway to Yosemite)」，因為 99 號加利福尼亞州州道及 140 號加利福尼亞州州道的交匯點就在美熹德城內。經由 CA-140 一路往東，優勝美地國家公園即在美熹德約兩個小時車程的地方，；美熹德往西，經由 CA-152 公路可到達蒙特瑞灣 (Monterey Bay) 和太平洋，與漫長的海灘。美熹德位處加州中央谷地中部，距離舊金山約 2.5 小時車程，距離加州首府沙加緬度約 2 小時車程，距離洛杉磯約 5 小時車程。附近較大的城市有 南邊的佛雷斯諾及北邊的莫德斯托。
en: Merced, known as the "Gateway to Yosemite," is less than two hours by automobile from Yosemite National Park to the east and Monterey Bay, the Pacific Ocean, and multiple beaches to the west. The community is served by the passenger rail service Amtrak, a minor, heavily subsidized airline through Merced Regional Airport, and three bus lines. It is approximately 110 miles (180 km) from Sacramento, 130 miles (210 km) from San Francisco, 45 miles (72 km) from Fresno, and 270 miles (430 km) from Los Angeles.
qas: question: zh_tw: 美熹德又叫做什麼？
en: What is Merced also known as?
answers: zh_tw: text: 通往優勝美地之門
en: text: Gateway to Yosemite
颶風約翰 (1994 年)

context: zh_tw: 受東北太平洋上空的強烈高壓脊影響，約翰繼續向西移動，而因上層風切變存在而無法超越熱帶風暴強度標準。由於風切變強度不斷變化，風暴的強度波動也很大。在此期間，氣旋上空雲系多次被風切變破壞，約翰的強度一度降至接近熱帶低氣壓標準。在太平洋上空緩慢移動了 8 天后，風切變於 8 月 19 日開始大幅減少，約翰隨即得到顯著強化，於太平洋時區當天下午 17 點升級成颶風。8 月 19 至 20 日的 18 小時裡，約翰從一級颶風增強成大型颶風。PDT8 月 20 日上午 11 點左右，風暴進入中太平洋，預警責任由美國國家颶風中心移交中太平洋颶風中心。進入中太平洋後，約翰繼續緩慢西進，並因夏威夷群島以南較遠處洋麵的環境有利而繼續快速增強，於 8 月 22 日成為薩菲爾 - 辛普森颶風等級下最高級別的五級颶風，再於夏威夷標準時間當天晚上達到持續風速每小時 280 公里的最高強度。約翰還在 22 日這天（夏威夷標準時間）從夏威夷群島以南約 500 公里海域經過，是風暴距該群島最近的一次，並且一度存在轉向北上的可能，對群島構成威脅。但由於有高壓脊的保護，約翰的移動路線保持偏南，只是其外圍雨帶還是在群島產生狂風暴雨。
qas: question: zh_tw: 約翰號何時升級成颶風？
en: What time was hurricane John registered as a hurricane?
answers: zh_tw: text: 太平洋時區當天下午 17 點

context: zh_tw: 經過夏威夷群島後，約翰開始緩慢轉向北上，前進方向幾乎正對約翰斯頓環礁，這裡建有美國的軍事基地，除基地人員外沒有常駐人口。受風切變增多的影響，風暴緩慢減弱，強度從五級颶風標準降至一級，風力時速 145 公里。當地時間 8 月 25 日，約翰在約翰斯頓環礁以北僅 24 公里洋麵掠過，這也是氣旋距該群島最近的一次。約翰斯頓環礁上測得的最大持續風速為每小時 95 公里，相當於強烈熱帶風暴標準，陣風時速則有 120 公里。
qas: question: zh_tw: 約翰距離約翰斯頓環礁有多近？
en: How close did John make it to Johnston Atoll?
answers: zh_tw: text: 24 公里

context: zh_tw: 經過約翰斯頓環礁近海後，氣旋轉向西北，並因風切變減少而再度增強。當地時間 8 月 27 日，約翰達到風力時速 210 公里的第二波最高強度，並在不久後從北緯 22° 附近洋麵穿越國際日期變更線，進入聯合颱風警報中心駐關島辦事處監控範圍。至此風暴成為颱風，並且在西太平洋行進期間都被稱為颱風約翰。穿過國際日期變更線後不久，約翰再次減弱並且基本停止前進。到了 9 月 1 日，系統已降級成熱帶風暴，而且就在國際日期變更線以西不遠處洋麵，基本沒有移動。約翰在此徘徊 6 天之久，連續多天的移動路線形成逆時針環路。9 月 7 日，由於有低壓槽逼近，風暴快速向東北方向移動，於 9 月 8 日經過國際日期變更線回到中太平洋。回到中太平洋後，約翰在中途島以北較遠處海域達到持續風速每小時 145 公里的第三波最高強度，相當於較為強烈的一級颶風。但由於低壓槽和中北太平洋水溫較低的共同影響，這一強度只保持了很短的時間。風暴結構快速消解，中太平洋颶風中心於 9 月 10 日釋出針對系統的第 120 份公告，宣佈約翰在烏納拉斯卡島以南約 1600 公里洋麵轉變成溫帶氣旋。
qas: question: zh_tw: 約翰在哪裡成為颱風？
en: Where did John become a typhoon?
answers: zh_tw: text: 西太平洋

context: zh_tw: 約翰進入西北太平洋後，聯合颱風警報中心在預測風暴動向和估計氣旋強度上都遭遇困難。進入西北太平洋後，颱風約翰的強度有大幅降低，聯合颱風警報中心在連續 4 份公告中都宣稱系統已弱化成熱帶低氣壓，還認為氣旋很快就會消散。但實際上，約翰並沒有像聯合颱風警報中心預計的那樣消散，所以該機構又在下一份公告中將系統升級成弱熱帶風暴。與此同時，有兩份相互獨立的船隻報告稱，約翰的持續風速至少有 55 節（相當於每小時 100 公里），遠較聯合颱風警報中心公告中的 35 節（相當於每小時 65 公里）要快。風暴返回中北太平洋後還會繼續增強，成為較為強烈的一級颶風，超出聯合颱風警報中心的所有預報。經過重新分析，該機構將協調世界時 9 月 1 日中午 12 點至 9 月 8 日中午 12 點間釋出的所有有關約翰的公告作出修改，把其中估計的風力時速資料提高至少 9 公里，最多的則有 40 公里。
qas: question: zh_tw: JWTC 評估的時候 John 在哪裡？
en: Where was John while it was evaluated by the JWTC?
answers: zh_tw: text: 西北太平洋

question: zh_tw: 55 節相當於每小時多少公里？
en: How many miles per hour is 55 knots?
answers: zh_tw: text: 每小時 100 公里

context: zh_tw: 颶風約翰先後對夏威夷群島和約翰斯頓環礁構成影響，但程度很輕。風暴在夏威夷群島以南約 550 公里洋麵經過，多個島上的信風風速增強，朝向東南或南面的海岸還受到大浪衝擊，並且隨著氣旋向西移動，群島的西向海岸也出現大浪。沿海浪高在 1.8 至 3 米不等，凱盧阿科納（Kailua-Kona）的海灘公園被淹。此外，夏威夷大島因暴雨引發區域性洪災，但程度較輕，還有部分短線道路封閉。沒有任何報道表明夏威夷群島因這場颶風引發人員傷亡或嚴重破壞。颶風約翰在距約翰斯頓環礁不足 25 公里海域掠過，但距該群島最近時已大幅減弱成一級颶風。風暴來襲前，新聞報道稱島上的浪高達 6.1 至 9.1 米。與此同時，北半球熱帶氣旋的最強風力和最大雨量大都集中在風暴前進方向的右側（北面），所以位於約翰路徑以南的約翰斯頓環礁也就免於受到風暴最強破壞力的衝擊。不過，群島上美軍基地的 1100 名工作人員還是預先撤離到火奴魯魯，以防萬一。群島上的建築物受到相當程度破壞，但由於海島面積狹小、基地的作用也較為有限，因此破壞導致的損失不大，總計數額約為 1500 萬美元（1994 年美元）。風暴殘留途經阿留申群島，在烏納拉斯卡產生時速 74 公里的陣風。風暴還給當地帶去暖空氣，有兩家氣象站測得的氣溫為 19°C，這在當地已屬高溫天氣。
qas: question: zh_tw: 颶風約翰經過時距離夏威夷群島以南有多遠？
en: How long did John pass south?
answers: zh_tw: text: 550 公里

question: zh_tw: 暴雨在哪裡？
en: Where were heavy rains?
answers: zh_tw: text: 夏威夷大島
土衛十八

context: zh_tw: 早在 1985 年，Jeffrey N. Cuzzi 和 Jeffrey D. Scargle 就依據恩克環縫明顯是受到引力擾動的鋸齒狀邊緣預測環縫內有衛星。在 1986 年，Showalter 等人依據重力強度模式推測其軌道和質量。他們得到非常準確的預測，軌道半長軸是 133,603 ± 10 公里，質量是土星質量的 5–10×10−12，並且推斷恩克環縫內只有單獨一顆衛星。與實際的半長軸差距只有 19 公里，而精確的質量是土星的 8.6×10−12。
qas: question: zh_tw: 半軸有多大差異？
en: How much does the semi-axis differ by?
answers: zh_tw: text: 19 公里

context: zh_tw: 稍後，這顆衛星在距離預測位置 1° 之處被發現。這項搜尋使用了航海家 2 號所有的影像，並且利用電腦來計算，在充份有利的條件下，影像的解析度是否高到足以看見衛星。每幅航海家 2 號影像解析度必須比～50 公里 / 畫素還要好，才能讓潘清楚的顯現出來。總計，有 11 張航海家 2 號的影像中出現了潘的身影。
qas: question: zh_tw: 月球離它被認為所處的位置有多近？
en: How close was the moon to the exact position that it was thought to be in?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1°

context: zh_tw: 潘的軌道離心率造成它與土星的距離大約有 4 公里的變化。就目前資料來看，其傾斜角（上移和下移的角度）與零無甚差別。潘繞行其中的恩克環縫，寬度大約是 325 公里。
qas: question: zh_tw: 潘繞行有什麼特徵導致距離變化？
en: What feature of Pan's orbit causes a distance variation?
answers: zh_tw: text: 恩克環縫
伍迪・艾倫
Woody Allen

context: zh_tw: 艾倫・斯圖爾特・康尼斯堡生於紐約市布朗克斯區，在布魯克林區長大。母親內蒂（Nettie Cherry，1906 年 11 月 8 日－2002 年 1 月 27 日）在家族經營的熟肉店裡做會計，父親馬丁・康尼斯堡（Martin Konigsberg，1900 年 12 月 25 日－2001 年 1 月 13 日）則是一名珠寶雕刻師和服務員。 艾倫的家族是阿什肯納茲猶太人，祖父母是俄羅斯和奧地利移民，說意第緒語、希伯來語和德語。 艾倫的父母均出生在曼哈頓下東城。艾倫有一個妹妹 Letty，1943 年出生，在布魯克林 Midwood 社群長大。
en: Allen was born Allan Stewart Konigsberg in the Brooklyn borough of New York City. He and his sister, Letty (b. 1943), were raised in Midwood, Brooklyn. He is the son of Nettie (née Cherry; November 8, 1906 – January 27, 2002), a bookkeeper at her family's delicatessen, and Martin Konigsberg (December 25, 1900 – January 8, 2001), a jewelry engraver and waiter. His family was Jewish, and his grandparents immigrated to the US from Russia and Austria and spoke Yiddish, Hebrew, and German. Both of Allen's parents were born and raised on the Lower East Side of Manhattan.His childhood was not particularly happy; his parents did not get along, and he had a rocky relationship with his stern, temperamental mother. Allen spoke German quite a bit in his early years. He would later joke that when he was young he was often sent to inter-faith summer camps. While attending Hebrew school for eight years, he went to Public School 99 (now the Isaac Asimov School for Science and Literature) and to Midwood High School, where he graduated in 1953. Unlike his comic persona, he was more interested in baseball than school and his strong arms ensured he was first to be picked for a team. He impressed students with his extraordinary talent with cards and magic tricks.For pay, he wrote jokes (or "gags") for agent David O. Alber, who sold them to newspaper columnists. At age 17 he legally changed his name to Heywood Allen and later began to call himself Woody Allen. According to Allen, his first published joke read: "Woody Allen says he ate at a restaurant that had O.P.S. prices—over people's salaries." He was earning more than both his parents combined. After high school, he attended New York University, studying communication and film in 1953, before dropping out after failing the course "Motion Picture Production". He studied film at City College of New York in 1954 but left before the end of the first semester. He taught himself rather than studying in the classroom. He taught at The New School and studied with writing teacher Lajos Egri.p.74
qas: question: zh_tw: 他父或母較長壽？
en: Which parent of his lived longer?
answers: zh_tw: text: 馬丁・康尼斯堡
en: text: Martin Konigsberg

question: zh_tw: 他何時自稱伍迪・艾倫？
answers: en: text: age 17

context: zh_tw: 艾倫的童年不算特別愉快：父母不和，母子間關係也很僵硬。 艾倫小時候常說德語。在希伯來語學校學習了 8 年之後，他進入了 99 公立學校（即現在的艾薩克・阿西莫夫科學與文學學院）和 Midwood 米德伍德高中。那時的他對棒球更為著迷，希望能練就一副強壯的手臂以保證被校隊選中。 艾倫在牌技與魔術方面表現出的過人天賦也給他的同學留下了深刻印象。為了賺錢，艾倫給經紀人 David O. Alber 寫笑話，後者再轉賣給報紙專欄作家。他開始自稱伍迪・艾倫。17 歲時，他把自己的本名改為 Heywood Allen。 那時他的收入已經超過了他父母收入的總和。高中畢業後，艾倫就讀於紐約大學，學習通訊與電影專業。之後他進入紐約市立學院學習，但沒過多久就退學了。 後來艾倫透過自學學習了課程，而不是在教室裡。他最後在紐約新學院任教。他還跟隨寫作老師拉約什・埃格里學習寫作。p.74
qas: question: zh_tw: 他何時自稱伍迪・艾倫？
en: How old was Woody Allen when he took his name?
answers: zh_tw: text: 17 歲
Novell

context: zh_tw: Novell 將它的網路傳輸協定基於 XNS，並從 IDP 及 SPP 中建立自己的標準，名為 IPX（Internetwork Packet eXchange）與 SPX（Sequenced Packet eXchange）。檔案與列印服務透過 IPX 執行 NetWare 核心協定（NCP），IPX 同時包括 Routing Information Protocol（RIP）與 Service Advertising Protocol（SAP）。NetWare 使用 Novell DOS（前身為 DR-DOS）作為開機載入器。Novell DOS 類似 MS-DOS 與 IBM PC-DOS，但不需要額外的 DOS 許可證；這於 1991 年收購 Digital Research 中獲得。
qas: question: zh_tw: SAP 字母表示什麼？
en: What do the letters SAP signify?
answers: zh_tw: text: Service Advertising Protocol

question: zh_tw: 從 IDP 及 SPP 中建立自己的標準，那標準名為什麼？
en: what were the name of the standards Novell created from IDP and SPP?
answers: zh_tw: text: IPX（Internetwork Packet eXchange）與 SPX（Sequenced Packet eXchange）

context: zh_tw: 2003 年至 2005 年 Novell 發表一個橫越其業務量的轉折產品，目的為阻止市場份額的下跌以及離開其他附屬 Novell 的產品，但開始並不如 Novell 預期那麼成功。為了盡力減低損失 Novell 在 2005 年後期進行一輪臨時解僱。同時其 Linux 業務的收入不斷增加，成長不夠快以容納 NetWare 損失的收入。這意味著公司的收入不是急速下跌，也不成長。缺乏清晰的方向與不適當的管理意味 Novell 完成改組需要比預期更多時間。
qas: question: zh_tw: 為了減少人力成本，諾維爾什麼時候開始解僱人員？
en: When did Novell fire people to cut costs?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2005 年後期
原子

context: zh_tw: 儘管原子的英文名稱（atom）本意是不能被進一步分割的最小粒子，但是在現代科學領域，原子實際上包含了很多不同的亞原子粒子。它們分別是電子，質子和中子。氫原子和帶一個正電荷的氫離子例外，前者沒有中子，後者只有一個質子。
qas: question: zh_tw: 最初知道的最小顆粒是什麼？
en: What was initially known to be the smallest particle?
answers: zh_tw: text: 原子

context: zh_tw: 掃描隧道顯微鏡是用來在原子水平觀測物體表面的一種儀器。它利用了量子穿隧效應，使得電子能夠穿越一些平時不能夠克服的障礙。在操作中，電子能夠隧穿介於兩個平面金屬電極之間的真空。每一個電極表面吸附有一個原子，使得穿隧電流密度大到可以測量。保持電流恆定，隨著掃描的進行，可以得到一個探針末端的上下位移與橫向位移之間的關係圖。計算證明掃描隧道顯微鏡所得到的顯微影象能夠分辨出單個原子。在低偏差的情況下，顯微影象顯示的是對相近能級的電子軌道的一種空間平均後的尺寸，這些相近的能級也就是費米能中的區域性態密度。當原子失去一個電子時，該原子就被電離了。這一個多餘的電荷就使其在磁場中執行的軌跡發生偏折。這個偏轉角度是由原子的質量所決定的。質譜儀就利用了這個原理來測定離子的質荷比。如果一個樣品裡面有多種同位素，質譜可以透過測量不同離子束的強度來推導每一種同位素的比例。使原子氣化的技術包括電感耦合等離子體原子發射光譜以及電感耦合等離子體質譜法。這兩種技術都使用了氣態或等離子態的樣品。另外一個有侷限性的方法是電子能量損失譜，它是透過測量透射電子顯微鏡中電子束穿越一個樣品後所損失的能量。原子探針顯像具有三維亞奈米級的解析度，也可以透過飛行時間質譜儀來鑑定單個的原子。激發態光譜可以用來研究遠距離恆星的元素組成。透過觀測到的來自恆星的光譜中一些特殊的波長，可以得到氣體狀態下原子的量子轉變。使用同種元素的氣體放電燈，可以得到相同的顏色。氦元素就是透過這種手段在太陽的光譜中被發現的，比在地球上發現早了 23 年。
qas: question: zh_tw: 使得粒子透過的現象名為什麼？
en: What is the name of the phenomenon that allows the particles to pass through?
answers: zh_tw: text: 量子穿隧效應

question: zh_tw: 掃描隧道顯微鏡用於什麼水平？
en: At what level is a scanning tunneling microscope used at?
answers: zh_tw: text: 原子水平
蓋瑞・貝克
Gary Becker

context: zh_tw: 1951 年得到普林斯頓大學學士學位，1955 年獲得芝加哥大學博士學位，博士論文題目為《種族歧視的經濟學》（The economics of racial discrimination）。
en: Born to a Jewish family in Pottsville, Pennsylvania, Becker earned a B.A. at Princeton University in 1951, and a Ph.D. at the University of Chicago in 1955 with a thesis entitled The Economics of Racial Discrimination. At Chicago, Becker was influenced by Milton Friedman, whom Becker called "by far the greatest living teacher I have ever had". Before turning 30, he began to teach at Columbia University in 1957, and in 1970 returned to the University of Chicago. In 1965 he was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association. Becker was a founding partner of TGG Group, a business and philanthropy consulting company. Becker won the John Bates Clark Medal in 1967. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1972, and was a member (and for a time the President) of the Mont Pelerin Society. Becker also received the National Medal of Science in 2000.A political conservative, he wrote a monthly column for Business Week from  1985 to 2004, alternating with liberal Princeton economist Alan Blinder. In 1996 Becker was a senior adviser to Republican Presidential Candidate Robert Dole. In December 2004, Becker started a joint weblog with Judge Richard Posner entitled The Becker-Posner Blog."The Becker-Posner Blog". uchicagolaw. University of Chicago Law School.Becker's first wife was Doria Slote, from 1954 until her death in 1970. The marriage produced two daughters, Catherine Becker and Judy Becker. About ten years later, in 1980 Becker married Guity Nashat, a historian of the Middle East whose research interests overlapped his own. Becker had two stepsons, Cyrus Claffey and Michael Claffey, from his second marriage.Becker died in Chicago, Illinois, aged 83, on May 3, 2014, after complications from surgery at Northwestern Memorial Hospital.In 2014 he was honored in a three-day conference organized at the University of Chicago.
qas: question: zh_tw: 貝克爾為他的博士學位做了什麼研究？
en: What research did Becker work on for his doctorate?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1951 年得到普林斯頓大學學士學位，1955 年獲得芝加哥大學博士學位，博士論文題目為《種族歧視的經濟學》（The
en: text: The Economics of Racial Discrimination
2007 年國際足協女子世界盃外圍賽
2007 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification

context: zh_tw: 2007 年國際足協女子世界盃外圍賽將決出 15 支出線隊與東道主中國一起參加 2007 年國際足協女子世界盃，名額分配為：歐洲 5 席，亞洲 3.5（含東道主），中北美與加勒比海地區 2.5 席，南美洲 2 席，非洲 2 席及大洋洲 1 席。
en: Qualification for the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup determined which 15 teams joined China, the hosts of the 2007 tournament, to play for the Women's World Cup. Europe had 5 qualifying berths, Asia 3.5 berths (including the hosts), North and Central America 2.5 berths, Africa 2 berths, South America 2 berths and Oceania 1 berth. The 16th spot was determined through a play-off match between the third-placed teams in North/Central America and Asia.
qas: question: zh_tw: 非洲有資格獲得幾個席位？
en: How many qualifying berths did Africa have?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2
en: text: 2

context: zh_tw: 2006 非洲女子足球錦標賽同時作為女子世界盃預選賽。此屆比賽原定於加彭舉行，後來由於 “組織上的問題” 而退出，最終賽事移師 奈及利亞舉行。共有 32 支球隊參與此次比賽以爭奪 2 個出線名額，但有 6 支隊在預選賽期間退出。
en: The 2006 Women's African Football Championship functioned as a qualifying tournament. Originally, this tournament was scheduled to be held in Gabon, but due to "organisational reasons" Gabon withdrew from hosting the competition. 32 teams entered the African Championships and competed for the two available spots, but six withdrew during the qualifying session.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪是 2006 年的資格賽？
en: What was the qualifying tournament in 2006?
answers: zh_tw: text: 非洲女子足球錦標賽
en: text: Women's African Football Championship
柳特波德攝政王號戰列艦
SMS Prinzregent Luitpold

context: zh_tw: 柳特波德攝政王號戰列艦（德語：SMS Prinzregent Luitpold）是德意志帝國海軍皇帝級戰列艦的第五艘及最後一艘。該艦於 1910 年 10 月在基爾的日耳曼尼亞船廠進行龍骨架設，1912 年 2 月 17 日下水，並於 1913 年 8 月 19 日交付海軍服役。柳特波德攝政王號在五座雙聯裝炮塔中裝備有十門 305 毫米 50 倍徑速射炮，最高航速為 21.7 節（40.2 公里每小時；25.0 英里每小時）。
en: SMS Prinzregent Luitpold was the fifth and final vessel of the Kaiser class of battleships of the Imperial German Navy. Prinzregent Luitpold's keel was laid in October 1910 at the Germaniawerft dockyard in Kiel. She was launched on 17 February 1912 and was commissioned into the navy on 19 August 1913. The ship was equipped with ten 30.5-centimeter (12.0 in) guns in five twin turrets, and had a top speed of 21.7 knots (40.2 km/h; 25.0 mph).
qas: question: zh_tw: 皇帝級戰列艦的最後一艘是什麼艦？
en: Within the Kaiser class of battleships what was considered the final vessel?
answers: zh_tw: text: 柳特波德攝政王號戰列艦（德語：SMS Prinzregent Luitpold）
en: text: SMS Prinzregent Luitpold
倫敦金屬交易所
London Metal Exchange

context: zh_tw: 倫敦金屬交易所是全球最大的基本金屬及其他金屬的期貨、期權市場，位於英國倫敦市 Leadenhall 街道。倫敦金屬交易所提供了從交易日開始到 3 個月到期的合約，還有長至 123 個月的合約，它同時還允許現貨交易。它同時提供了商品對沖，世界範圍內的參考價格，以及現貨交割方式來了結合約的期權。
en: The London Metal Exchange (LME) is the futures exchange with the world's largest market in options and  futures contracts on base and other metals. As the LME offers contracts with daily expiry dates of up to three months from trade date, weekly contracts to six months, and monthly contracts up to 123 months, it also allows for cash trading. It offers hedging, worldwide reference pricing, and the option of physical delivery to settle contracts. Since 2012 it has been owned by Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing after LME's shareholders voted in July 2012 to approve the sale of the exchange for a price of £1.4 billion.
qas: question: zh_tw: 倫敦金屬交易所為全球提供了什麼？
en: what does London Metal exchange offer worldwide?
answers: zh_tw: text: 參考價格
en: text: reference pricing
前哥倫布時期
Pre-Columbian era

context: zh_tw: 許多前哥倫布時期的文明都留下了歷史的印記：永久性住宅、城市、農業、民用或紀念用建築，大型土方結構、複雜的社會等級體系。其中一些文明伴隨著第一批歐洲和非洲的永久住民的到來 (15 世紀後期至 16 世紀早期) 而消亡，只能透過考古調查和口述歷史窺見一斑。另一些文明則與殖民時期同時代因而被記載到歐洲當時的歷史文獻中。還有一些，例如瑪雅文明，留有他們自己的文字記錄。因為當時許多歐洲天主教徒把這些文字視作異端，一些人譬如迪亞哥・德・蘭達雖然一方面試圖保護當地歷史，一方面卻又燒燬了許多文獻。只有一些秘藏的文獻逃過一劫，另有一些則透過抄錄或者口述轉成西班牙語，譲現代歷史學家得以一窺遠古的知識和文化。
en: Many pre-Columbian civilizations were marked by permanent settlements, cities, agriculture, civic and monumental architecture, major earthworks, and complex societal hierarchies. Some of these civilizations had long faded by the time of the first permanent European colonies and the arrival of enslaved Africans (c. late 16th–early 17th centuries), and are known only through archaeological investigations and oral history. Other civilizations were contemporary with the colonial period and were described in European historical accounts of the time. A few, such as the Maya civilization, had their own written records. Because many Christian Europeans of the time viewed such texts as pagan, men like Diego de Landa burned them, even while seeking to preserve native histories. Only a few hidden documents have survived in their original languages, while others were transcribed or dictated into Spanish, giving modern historians glimpses of ancient culture and knowledge.
qas: question: zh_tw: 記錄是如何保持的？
en: How were the records documented?
answers: zh_tw: text: 文字
en: text: written
邁克爾・度德威特
Michaël Dudok de Wit

context: zh_tw: 邁克爾・度德威特（Michaël Dudok de Wit，1953 年 7 月 15 日－）生於荷蘭阿布考德，是一位動畫師，導演，插畫家。他起初在瑞士學習版畫，之後在 1978 年畢業於英國的西薩瑞藝術學院（West Surrey College of Art）學習動畫，且完成首部作品《會見》（The Interview)。在巴塞羅那工作一年之後，定居在英國為電影、電視以及廣告製作動畫。1992 年他創作了第一部動畫短片《清潔工湯姆》（Tom Sweep），1994 年的《和尚與飛魚》使他獲得（The Monk and the Fish）獲得了奧斯卡最佳動畫短片的提名和其它眾多獎項包括法國凱撒獎與歐洲金動畫獎等。他同時也製作兒童圖書，並在英國等地的藝術學院教課。
en: After working for a year in Barcelona, he settled in London where he directs and animates award-winning commercials for television and cinema. In 1992, he created the short film Tom Sweep, followed by The Monk and the Fish (1994), which was made in France with the studio Folimage. This film was nominated for an Oscar   and has won numerous prizes including a César Award for Best Short Film and the Cartoon d'or. Michael also writes and illustrates children's picture books and teaches animation at art colleges in England and abroad.
qas: question: zh_tw: 邁克爾任教的大學在哪裡？
en: Where are the colleges located where Michael teaches at?
answers: zh_tw: text: 英國等地
en: text: England and abroad
社會信用體系
Social Credit System

context: zh_tw: 目前，部分技術由阿里巴巴旗下螞蟻金服運營的芝麻信用所實現。阿里巴巴運營了中國最大的線上服務平臺，如網路購物和電子支付。阿里巴巴為了評估一個人的信用分數而透過其監管體系自由地收集來自社交網路，公共和私有機構等平臺的資料，而這些資料皆來自於個人在這些平臺自有的賬戶，以及網路活動。平臺運營方可以挖掘個人留下的的資料軌跡從而獲得完整的社交檔案，包括：位置資訊、好友、健康記錄、保險、私人訊息、財務狀況、遊戲時間、智慧家居統計、首選報紙、購物記錄以及約會行為。除了芝麻信用這類商業性質機制外，中國政府部門也落實相應措施，透過收集銀行的信用評估資訊和行政部門的處罰記錄，對滿足要求的組織或個人給予便利，或者限制或懲罰不滿足要求的組織或個人，例如針對失信被執行人乘坐高鐵、飛機等高消費行為，或宣傳他們等。
en: The Chinese government aims at assessing the trustworthiness and compliance of each person. The data collected stems both from peoples' own accounts, as well as their network's activities. Website operators can mine the traces of data that users exchange with websites and derive a full social profile that includes location, friends, health records, insurance, private messages, financial position, gaming duration, smart home statistics, preferred newspapers, shopping history, and dating behaviour.
qas: question: zh_tw: 網站可以挖掘什麼？
en: what can websites mine?
answers: zh_tw: text: 資料軌跡
en: text: traces of data
索羅門群島

context: zh_tw: 島嶼多為火山島，不同活動程度的火山位於一些較大的島嶼，而許多較小的島嶼只是由沙子與棕櫚樹覆蓋的小環礁島。最西與最東之間的島嶼大約相距 1500 公里。位於萬那杜以北的聖塔克魯茲群島遠離其他島嶼多於 200 公里。最大的瓜達爾卡納爾島面積達 6475 平方千米，島上有全國最高峰波波馬納休山，海拔 2330 米。氣候為赤道多雨氣候，終年炎熱，盛行赤道海洋氣團，無旱季。年均降水量在 3000 毫米左右。索羅門群島由兩組截然不同的陸地生態區組成。當中大多數島嶼，連同屬於巴布亞紐幾內亞的領土的布干維爾島及布卡島，都屬於索羅門群島雨林生態區；聖塔克魯茲群島是所羅門東邊主要的一群，與臨近的萬那杜群島屬於萬那杜雨林生態區。這兩個生態區，連同鄰近的新喀里多尼亞、俾斯麥群島、新幾內亞、澳大利亞和紐西蘭，都屬於澳亞大陸生態區的範圍。
qas: question: zh_tw: 索羅門群島有多少生態區？
en: How many ecoregions are there in the Solomon Islands?
answers: zh_tw: text: 兩組

context: zh_tw: 2007 年 12 月 13 日，索羅門群島議會以 25 票對 22 票透過對總理梅納西・索格瓦雷的不信任案。索格瓦雷成為這個南太平洋島國自 1978 年獨立以來第一個因議會不信任投票下臺的總理。
qas: question: zh_tw: 2007 年 6 月索羅門群島的總理是誰？
en: Who was the prime minister of solomon island in June 2007?
answers: zh_tw: text: 梅納西・索格瓦雷

context: zh_tw: 索羅門群島政府以薄弱的政黨政治和非常不穩定的議會聯盟為特點。他們受頻繁的不信任投票影響，內閣因此經常改組。
qas: question: zh_tw: 索羅門群島有穩定的議會聯盟嗎？
en: Does Solomon Islands have stable parliamentary coalition?
answers: zh_tw: text: 非常不穩定的
核糖核酸
RNA

context: zh_tw: 如同 DNA，RNA 也可以攜帶遺傳資訊。RNA 病毒的基因組由 RNA 組成，可以轉譯出多種蛋白質，其中一些負責基因組的複製，而其它的則作為保護構造，在病毒離開宿主細胞後，保護基因組。類病毒是另一種型別的病原體，但它們僅由 RNA 組成，且該 RNA 並不會轉譯出任何蛋白質，並利用宿主的聚合酶來複制。
en: Like DNA, RNA can carry genetic information. RNA viruses have genomes composed of RNA that encodes a number of proteins. The viral genome is replicated by some of those proteins, while other proteins protect the genome as the virus particle moves to a new host cell. Viroids are another group of pathogens, but they consist only of RNA, do not encode any protein and are replicated by a host plant cell's polymerase.
qas: question: zh_tw: 除了 DNA 之外，還有什麼能夠攜帶遺傳資訊？
en: In addition to DNA, what else is capable of conveying genetic information?
answers: zh_tw: text: RNA
en: text: RNA
銀蓮花
Anemone coronaria

context: zh_tw: 銀蓮花屬植物屬毛茛科，是多年生草本植物。其株高一般介於 30 至 60 釐米，基生葉 4—8，葉柄長 6—30 cm，疏生長柔毛；葉片圓腎形，三全裂；花 2 至 5 朵，直徑 3.5 至 5 釐米，白色或帶粉紅色；瘦果上有長綿毛，部分品種如罌粟狀銀蓮花（罌粟秋牡丹，A. coronaria）有塊莖；胚珠內珠被有一層（與銀蓮花類似的還有胡桃、向日葵等），有些種因為果實構造不同，而被視為獨立的屬 —— 白頭翁屬（Pulsatilla）。歐洲的木質銀蓮花指森林銀蓮花（A. nemorosa）能引起皮膚起皰，從前曾藥用，開白花。北美的木質銀蓮花指五葉銀蓮花（A. quinquefolia），葉深裂。其花期一般為春季，部分品種的花期在秋季。春季開花的有亞平寧銀蓮花（A. apennina）、希臘銀蓮花（A. blanda）和孔雀狀銀蓮花（A. pavonina）。湖北金蓮花（A. hupehensis）或稱日本銀蓮花（A. japonica），是受歡迎的秋季開花的沿邊花壇花卉。很多種因花色鮮豔而栽培在花園中。
en: Anemone coronaria is a herbaceous perennial tuberous plant growing to 20–40 cm tall, rarely to 60 cm (0.75–1.50 feet), spreading to 15–23 cm (0.50 to 0.75 feet), with a basal rosette of a few leaves, the leaves with three leaflets, each leaflet deeply lobed. The flowers which bloom from April to June are borne singly on a tall stem with a whorl of small leaves just below the flower; the flower is 3–8 cm diameter, with 5–8 red (but may be white or blue) showy petal-like tepals and a black centre. The pollen is dry, has an unsculpted exine, is less than 40 nm in diameter, and is usually deposited within 1.5 m of its source. This central mound consists of tightly packed pistils in the centre, with a crown-like ring of stamens surrounding this, which gives the species its name. The flowers produce 200–300 seeds. The plants form hard black tubers as storage organs.Aside from its flowers resembling poppies, the red single wild form flowers resemble the flowers of the red single wild form of Ranunculus asiaticus.
qas: question: zh_tw: 銀蓮花冠形花冠最高可達幾英尺，但只是偶爾發生？
en: How many feet is the tallest that Anemone coronaria will grow but only happens occasionally?
answers: zh_tw: text: 其株高一般介於 30 至 60 釐米，基生葉 4—8，葉柄長 6—30
en: text: 0.75–1.50
副傷寒
Paratyphoid fever

context: zh_tw: 副傷寒是一種由腸道沙門氏菌引起的疾病，目前已知有三種血清型可造成該疾病。症狀與傷寒相當類似，且通常發生於接觸細菌後的 6 至 30 天。 通常會逐漸地在幾天內發展出高燒，其他像是感到虛弱、沒有食慾以及頭痛也都相當常見。有些人會在皮膚上表現出玫瑰色紅斑。如果沒有接受治療，症狀將持續數週甚至數月。 有部分的人可能會攜帶著細菌卻不會遭受感染，即便如此，還是具備傳染其他人的能力。 傷寒和副傷寒的嚴重度相似，兩者所造成的熱病皆屬於腸熱。
en: Paratyphoid fever, also known simply as paratyphoid, is a bacterial infection caused by one of the three types of Salmonella enterica. Symptoms usually begin 6–30 days after exposure and are the same as those of typhoid fever. Often, a gradual onset of a high fever occurs over several days. Weakness, loss of appetite, and headaches also commonly occur. Some people develop a skin rash with rose-colored spots. Without treatment, symptoms may last weeks or months. Other people may carry the bacteria without being affected; however, they are still able to spread the disease to others. Both typhoid and paratyphoid are of similar severity. Paratyphoid and typhoid fever are types of enteric fever.Paratyphoid is caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica of the serotypes Paratyphi A, Paratyphi B, or Paratyphi C growing in the intestines and blood. They are usually spread by eating or drinking food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person. They may occur when a person who prepares food is infected. Risk factors include poor sanitation as is found among poor crowded populations. Occasionally, they may be transmitted by sex. Humans are the only animals infected. Diagnosis may be based on symptoms and confirmed by either culturing the bacteria or detecting the bacterial DNA in the blood, stool, or bone marrow. Culturing the bacteria can be difficult. Bone-marrow testing is the most accurate. Symptoms are similar to that of many other infectious diseases. Typhus is an unrelated disease.While no vaccine is available specifically for paratyphoid, the typhoid vaccine may provide some benefit. Prevention includes drinking clean water, better sanitation, and better handwashing. Treatment of the disease is with antibiotics such as azithromycin. Resistance to a number of other previously effective antibiotics is common.Paratyphoid affects about six million people a year. It is most common in parts of Asia and rare in the developed world. Most cases are due to Paratyphi A rather than Paratyphi B or C. In 2015, paratyphoid fever resulted in about 29,200 deaths, down from 63,000 deaths in 1990. The risk of death is between 10 and 15% without treatment, while with treatment, it may be less than 1%.
qas: question: zh_tw: 在不接受治療的情況下，症狀會持續多久？
en: How long do symptoms last without treatment?
answers: zh_tw: text: 數週甚至數月
en: text: weeks or months
克里斯蒂安・波爾森
Christian Poulsen

context: zh_tw: 克里斯蒂安・波爾森（Christian Bager Poulsen，1980 年 2 月 28 日－）是一名丹麥職業足球運動員，司職防守中場。
en: Christian Bjørnshøj Poulsen (born 28 February 1980) is a Danish former footballer. After starting his career with Holbæk, he played for a number of European clubs as a defensive midfielder, winning the Danish Superliga championship with F.C. Copenhagen, the German DFB-Ligapokal trophy with FC Schalke 04, and the European UEFA Cup with Spanish team Sevilla FC, later also playing for Italian Serie A club Juventus, as well as Premier League side, Liverpool, French side Evian, and Dutch side Ajax.
qas: question: zh_tw: 克里斯蒂安・波爾森的國籍是什麼？
en: What Nationality is Christian  Bjørnshøj Poulsen?
answers: zh_tw: text: 丹麥
en: text: Danish
塞瓦斯托波爾國際機場
Sevastopol International Airport

context: zh_tw: 機場在 1941 年 6 月建成，當時是在第二次世界大戰中的第一年。在戰事中，此機場是用於駐守軍用戰鬥機航空隊。跑道地面不是硬地，在戰事後才鋪上混凝土。在二戰後，機場仍然用作軍用。直至 80 年代後期，米哈伊爾・戈爾巴喬夫統治下，機場便開始改變成為民用。
en: The airfield was first constructed in June 1941, during the third year of World War II. Initially it housed a military fighter aviation unit. Constructed without a hardened runway, after the war the airfield received a concrete runway, but remained exclusively in use by the military. During the second half of the 1980s, after Mikhail Gorbachev came to power, the airfield was significantly increased and improved, as the airfield was to be used by him when travelling to the presidential dacha on the southern coast of the Crimea, near the cape of Foros. Subsequently, it was also allowed to use the airfield for civilian purposes.
qas: question: zh_tw: 第一個機場是哪一年建成的？
en: What year was the first airfield constructed
answers: zh_tw: text: 1941 年
en: text: 1941
瑞塔・奧拉

context: zh_tw: 芮塔・薩赫丘・奧拉（英語：Rita Sahatçiu Ora，1990 年 11 月 26 日－），是一名英國歌手、詞曲作家和演員。她的第一張專輯《尤拉 (Ora)》於 2012 年最先在英國發布。專輯收錄了英國的冠軍單曲 《安息 (R.I.P.)》 和 《派對 (How We Do (Party))》。在她客串 DJ Fresh 的單曲 《Hot Right Now》使尤拉獲得在英國單曲排行榜的第三個冠軍之後，她已經成為 2012 年在英國單曲排行榜上獲得最多冠軍的歌手。2013 年，她在全英音樂獎上獲得了三個提名。奧拉的第二張專輯的首支單曲 「我永不讓你失望 (I Will Never Let You Down)」在英國單曲排行榜上奪冠，這也是她 2014 年在英國單曲排行榜上獲得的第一個冠軍。同年，奧拉客串了伊基・阿塞莉婭的單曲《黑寡婦 (Black Widow)》。這支單曲曾在美國奪得第三名的成績。在 2015 年，尤拉成為英國之聲第 4 季的導師。同年年末也擔任了英國版 X 音素第 12 季的評委。
qas: question: zh_tw: 芮塔・薩赫丘・奧拉什麼時候出生的？
en: When was Rita Sahatciu Ora born?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1990 年 11 月 26 日

context: zh_tw: 瑞塔・奧拉出生於科索沃首都普裡什蒂納，瑞塔・奧拉是阿爾巴尼亞裔，而她父母都是阿爾巴尼亞裔。母親 Vera 是一名精神科醫師，父親 Besnik 是經濟學家而且經營一家酒吧。她有一個弟弟 Don, 跟姐姐 Elena。她姐姐同時是她管理團隊的一員。她的本姓 Sahatçiu 源自土耳其語，意為 “表匠”。後來父母為了方便發音而在後面加上 Ora（阿爾巴尼亞語，意為 “時間”）作為姓氏。1991 年在她 1 歲的時候跟隨父母搬到了英國倫敦居住。小的時候她就表現出了對歌唱的熱愛。2004 年參演電影「Spivs」。並於 2009 年參加了「歐洲歌唱大賽」節目。在 2009 年在星探引薦下與 Jay Z 相識，得到了在 Jay Z 單曲「Forever Young」的 MV 中露臉的機會。由於在唱功和演技方面的出色表現，很快得到了 Jay-Z 的賞識。2011 年在 YouTube 中上傳了一個叫做「Hot Right Now」的影片，成為英國單曲榜第一名。2013 年，短暫演出了「玩命關頭 6」的賽車女郎。2014 年與伊基・阿塞莉婭合作演唱「Black Widow」。她參演了 2015 年上映的電影「格雷的五十道陰影」。
qas: question: zh_tw: 奧拉哪一年一週歲？
en: What year was Ora one year old?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1991
鄧肯・愛德華茲
Duncan Edwards

context: zh_tw: 出生於達德利的愛華士在年少時已獲曼聯僱用，隨後成為甲級聯賽最年輕的球員，以及第二次世界大戰後英格蘭隊中最年輕的球員。在短短五年的職業足球生涯中，他曾經協助曼聯贏得兩次足球聯賽冠軍，並打入歐洲盃四強。1958 年 2 月，雖然他在慕尼黑空難中獲救，但延至 15 天后傷重不治。
en: Born in Woodside, Dudley, Edwards signed for Manchester United as a teenager and went on to become the youngest player to play in the Football League First Division and at the time the youngest England player since the Second World War, going on to play 18 times for his country at top level. In a professional career of less than five years he helped United to win two Football League championships and two FA Charity Shields, and reach the semi-finals of the European Cup.
qas: question: zh_tw: 愛德華茲贏取了幾次足球聯賽冠軍？
en: How many Football League Chamionships did Edwards win?
answers: zh_tw: text: 兩次
en: text: two
教父 (電影)
The Godfather

context: zh_tw: 電影的第一個令人震驚的畫面，也就是「沃爾茨發現自己的種馬頭顱被放在床上」，引來了動物保育人士的抨擊。柯波拉後來澄清片中的馬頭，來自於一家狗食工廠製造馬肉罐頭所剩下的，劇組並沒有特地殺馬。這段鏡頭則是在紐約華盛頓港拍攝。
en: One of the film's most shocking moments involved an actual, severed, horse's head. Coppola received some criticism for the scene, although the head was obtained from a dog-food company from a horse that was to be killed regardless of the film.  On June 22, the scene where Sonny is killed was shot on a runway at Mitchel Field in Mineola, where three tollbooths were built, along with guard rails, and billboards to set the scene. Sonny's car was a 1941 Lincoln Continental with holes drilled in it to resemble bullet holes. The scene took three days to film and cost over $100,000.Coppola's request to film on location was observed; approximately 90 percent was shot in New York City and its surrounding suburbs, using over 120 distinct locations. Several scenes were filmed at the Filmways Studio in East Harlem. The remaining portions were filmed in California, or on-site in Sicily, except for the scenes set in Las Vegas because there were insufficient funds to travel there. Savoca and Forza d'Agrò were the Sicilian towns featured in the film. The opening wedding scene was shot in a Staten Island neighborhood using almost 750 locals as extras. The house used as the Corleone household and the wedding location was at 110 Longfellow Road in the Todt Hill neighborhood of Staten Island. The wall around the Corleone compound was made from styrofoam. Scenes set in and around the Corleone olive oil business were filmed on Mott Street.After filming had ended on August 7, post-production efforts were focused on trimming the film to a manageable length. In addition, producers and director were still including and removing different scenes from the end product, along with trimming certain sequences. In September, the first rough cut of the film was viewed. Many of the scenes removed from the film were centered around Sonny, which did not advance the plot. By November, Coppola and Ruddy finished the semi-final cut. Debates over personnel involved with the final editing remained even 25 years after the release of the film. The film was shown to Paramount staff and exhibitors in late December 1971 and January 1972.
qas: question: zh_tw: 柯波拉在哪裡接收到讓他面對抨擊的馬頭？
en: Where did Coppola receive the horse head from that gave him criticism?
answers: zh_tw: text: 一家狗食工廠
en: text: a dog-food company
腎癌
Kidney cancer

context: zh_tw: 腎癌最常見的徵兆或症狀是腹部出現腫塊或血尿。另外，疲倦、胃口差、體重下降、發高燒、大量出汗、腹部出現持續性疼痛都是腎癌的症狀。然而，上述症狀也可能會由其他情況造成，也有人患上腎癌後不會有上述症狀，特別是他患上的腎癌處於早期時。
en: The most common signs and symptoms of kidney cancer are a mass in the abdomen and/or blood in the urine (or hematuria). Other symptoms may include tiredness, loss of appetite, weight loss, a high temperature and heavy sweating, and persistent pain in the abdomen, especially in the early stages of the disease.
qas: question: zh_tw: 如果患了腎癌，會有什麼症狀。糸艸
en: What would you see if you expected yourself to have developed Kidney Cancer.
answers: zh_tw: text: 腹部出現腫塊或血尿
en: text: a mass in the abdomen and/or blood in the urine (or hematuria)
NTFS

context: zh_tw: 相對於之前的版本，NTFS v3.0 包含若干新功能：磁碟使用限額、稀疏檔案支援、重解析點、分佈連結跟蹤，以及檔案級加密（即 “加密檔案系統（EFS）”）。
qas: question: zh_tw: 什麼系統比它的前輩有許多新特性？
en: What system has many new features over it's predecessors?
answers: zh_tw: text: NTFS v3.0 包含若干新功能：

context: zh_tw: 理論上，NTFS 卷的最大容量為 264-1 簇。在 Windows XP 專業版中，由於分割槽表限制，實際實現的最大容量為 232-1 簇。例如，在當簇的從大小為 64 KiB 時，Windows XP 的 NTFS 卷的最大容量為 256 TiB 減去 64 KiB；而當簇大小為預設的 4 KiB 時，卷最大容量將變為 16 TiB 減去 4 KiB（但這都超過了 Windows XP SP1 對磁碟容量的 128 GiB 限制）。由於主引導記錄（MBR）分割槽表最大支援單個分割槽容量為 2 TiB，因此如果要建立超過 2 TiB 的 NTFS 卷，必須要使用動態卷或者 GPT 卷。注意：微軟預設的載入程式必須使用 UEFI 和 64 位作業系統才能從 GPT 卷引導系統。
qas: question: zh_tw: 新技術檔案系統的最大容量為多少？
en: What is the maximum size of an NTFS volume?
answers: zh_tw: text: 232-1 簇

context: zh_tw: 事務 NTFS 並不要求事務是本機 NTFS 卷的檔案操作，可以包含在其它位置的任意事務資料或操作，例如對其它卷、本地登錄檔、SQL 資料庫中、系統服務或者遠端服務中的事務修改。所有這些事務使用 Windows 系統中的 “分佈事務協調器（DTC）” 服務在網路級別協調所有參與者，以確保所有參與者都能接收到同樣的提交狀態，並傳輸所有經過確認的更改。分散式 NTFS 事務的一個典型例子是可以以事務方式建立一個網路級別的分散式檔案系統，並且每個客戶端都保留每個檔案的準確的離線快取。
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪種資料庫被事務 NTFS 所限制？
en: What type of databases are restricted by transactional NTFS?
answers: zh_tw: text: SQL

context: zh_tw: 加密檔案系統（EFS）提供對 NTFS 捲上任意檔案和資料夾的使用者透明的強保護。加密檔案系統需要與 EFS 服務、Microsoft 的加密應用程式介面（CryptoAPI）以及 EFS 檔案執行時庫（FSRTL）聯合工作。
qas: question: zh_tw: EFS​​與 Microsoft 合作的程式是什麼？
en: What Microsoft program does EFS work in conjunction with?
answers: zh_tw: text: 加密檔案系統需要與 EFS 服務、Microsoft 的加密應用程式介面（CryptoAPI）以及 EFS

context: zh_tw: EFS 使用對稱金鑰（也被稱為 “檔案加密金鑰（FEK）”）加密檔案，這比起使用非對稱金鑰加密在加密和解密大量資料時消耗的時間較少。該對稱金鑰使用一個和請求加密檔案的使用者相關的公鑰加密檔案的內容，加密後的資料儲存在被加密檔案的可選資料流中。當需要解密檔案時，檔案系統使用使用者的金鑰解密儲存在檔案頭中的對稱金鑰，然後使用該對稱金鑰解密檔案。這些操作在檔案系統級別完成，因此對使用者來說是透明的。為了處理使用者丟失金鑰的情況，加密檔案系統中還支援多個附加解密金鑰，因此除使用者外，授權過的恢復代理也能訪問資料。NTFS 提供的加密和壓縮功能是互相排斥的 —— 如果同時希望加密和壓縮，則 NTFS 檔案系統級別隻能開啟其中一種功能，另一種功能需要使用其它第三方工具完成。
qas: question: zh_tw: 如檔案丟失，可使用什麼進行訪問？
en: What is used to access if the file is lose?
answers: zh_tw: text: 附加解密金鑰

context: zh_tw: Basic、Home 和 MediaCenter 版本的 Windows 不支援磁碟限額功能。要使用這個功能，必須安裝 Professional、Ultimate 或者伺服器版本的 Windows，或者使用 Windows 域中的企業部署工具進行部署。
qas: question: zh_tw: 如何啟用加密檔案系統？
en: How can you activate EFS?
answers: zh_tw: text: 安裝 Professional、Ultimate 或者伺服器版本的 Windows，或者使用 Windows 域中的企業部署工具進行部署。

context: zh_tw: 由於歷史原因，不支援 NTFS 的 Windows 使用本地時區作為時間戳，而目前版本的 Windows 對非 NTFS 分割槽也是用此方式進行處理。這意味著當檔案在 NTFS 和非 NTFS 分割槽間進行移動時，作業系統需要實時轉換時間戳。如果某些檔案移動時處於夏令時，而某些檔案處於標準時間，則可能移動後的時間可能會產生歧義，特別是當執行時間正好在時制轉換前後時，使用者可能會看到一小時的時間差。基於不同地區的不同夏令時規則，在任意 12 個月中，可能會產生最多 4 個小時的永久時間戳錯誤。
qas: question: zh_tw: 時間戳錯誤可能是幾個小時？
en: How many hours may the timestamp error be?
answers: zh_tw: text: 4
童軍活動
Scouting

context: zh_tw: 童軍運動開始於 1907 年，那時英國陸軍的中將羅伯特・貝登堡，在英國的白浪島舉辦第一次的童軍露營。貝登堡以他早期的軍事著作為基礎，在他的著作《童軍警探》（倫敦，1908 年）寫下了童軍運動的原則，並受到叢林印地安人創辦人歐尼斯特・湯普森・西頓、基督少年軍創辦人威廉・亞歷山大・史密斯的影響和出版家西里爾・亞瑟・培生的支援。在 20 世紀的前半期，這個運動發展成包括 3 個童軍年齡層（幼童軍、童軍和羅浮童軍）和 3 個女童軍年齡層（小女童軍、女童軍和蘭姐女童軍）。
en: In 1906 and 1907 Robert Baden-Powell, a lieutenant general in the British Army, wrote a book for boys about reconnaissance and scouting. Baden-Powell wrote Scouting for Boys (London, 1908), based on his earlier books about military scouting, with influence and support of Frederick Russell Burnham (Chief of Scouts in British Africa), Ernest Thompson Seton of the Woodcraft Indians, William Alexander Smith of the Boys' Brigade, and his publisher Pearson. In the summer of 1907 Baden-Powell held a camp on Brownsea Island in England to test ideas for his book. This camp and the publication of  Scouting for Boys are generally regarded as the start of the Scout movement.
qas: question: zh_tw: 貝登堡的書是關於什麼的
en: what were Baden-Powell's books about?
answers: zh_tw: text: 童軍運動
en: text: military scouting

context: zh_tw: 這些童軍類團體大多由成人自願者運作，像是父母、以前是童軍或女童軍的成人、學生、社群的領導者，也包含了教師和宗教領袖。童軍服務員在這些團體的地位會劃入「制服領袖」和「會友」的位置上。制服領袖或服務員常接受正式的訓練，像是木章訓練；會友委員常常支援擔任兼職角色，像是會議諮詢人員、委員會委員和顧問等，但是有少部分的會友是全職專業人員。
en: Scout units are usually operated by adult volunteers, such as parents and carers, former Scouts, students, and community leaders, including teachers and religious leaders. Scout Leadership positions are often divided into 'uniform' and 'lay' positions. Uniformed leaders have received formal training, such as the Wood Badge, and have received a warrant for a rank within the organization. Lay members commonly hold part-time roles such as meeting helpers, committee members and advisors, though there are a small number of full-time lay professionals.A unit has uniformed positions—such as the Scoutmaster and assistants—whose titles vary among countries. In some countries, units are supported by lay members, who range from acting as meeting helpers to being members of the unit's committee. In some Scout associations, the committee members may also wear uniforms and be registered Scout leaders.Above the unit are further uniformed positions, called Commissioners, at levels such as district, county, council or province, depending on the structure of the national organization. Commissioners work with lay teams and professionals. Training teams and related functions are often formed at these levels. In the UK and in other countries, the national Scout organization appoints the Chief Scout, the most senior uniformed member.
qas: question: zh_tw: 童子軍領導被劃分成哪兩種職位？
en: What are the two types of positions that scout leadership is divided into?
answers: zh_tw: text: 「制服領袖」和「會友」
en: text: 'uniform' and 'lay'
GPRS
General Packet Radio Service

context: zh_tw: GPRS 有別於舊的電路交換連線，電路交換連線在 Release 97 之前就已經被納入 GSM 標準。在舊有系統中，一個數據連線要建立並保持一個電路連線，在整個連線過程中這條電路將被獨佔，直到連線被解除。GPRS 基於分組交換，也就是多個使用者可以共享一個相同的傳輸通道，每個使用者只有在傳輸資料的時候才會佔用通道。這意味著所有的可用頻寬可以立即分配給當前傳送資料的使用者，這樣有更多的間隙傳送或接受資料，使用者可以共享頻寬。WEB 瀏覽、收發電子郵件和即時訊息都是能有效利用共享頻寬的間歇傳輸資料的服務。
en: GPRS is a best-effort service, implying variable throughput and latency that depend on the number of other users sharing the service concurrently, as opposed to circuit switching, where a certain quality of service (QoS) is guaranteed during the connection.  In 2G systems, GPRS provides data rates of 56–114 kbit/sec. 2G cellular technology combined with GPRS is sometimes described as 2.5G, that is, a technology between the second (2G) and third (3G) generations of mobile telephony. It provides moderate-speed data transfer, by using unused time division multiple access (TDMA) channels in, for example, the GSM system. GPRS is integrated into GSM Release 97 and newer releases.
qas: question: zh_tw: 集成了 GPRS 的首個 GSM 版本是什麼？
en: What is the first release of GSM that GPRS is integrated in?
answers: zh_tw: text: 97
en: text: 97

context: zh_tw: 使用 CS-4 有可能達到每時隙 22.8kbps 的速度。但是如果使用這個方案，現有網路只能覆蓋一般情況的 25% 的區域。CS-1 能達到 9.05 kbit/s 每時隙的速率而且可以覆蓋 98% 的正常區域。
en: Using the CS-4 it is possible to achieve a user speed of 20.0 kbit/s per time slot. However, using this scheme the cell coverage is 25% of normal. CS-1 can achieve a user speed of only 8.0 kbit/s per time slot, but has 98% of normal coverage. Newer network equipment can adapt the transfer speed automatically depending on the mobile location.
qas: question: zh_tw: 如果使用這個方案，手機覆蓋率是多少？
en: what is the cell coverage if one uses this scheme?
answers: zh_tw: text: 一般情況的 25%
en: text: 25% of normal

question: zh_tw: CS-1 的正常覆蓋率是多少？
en: What percentage of normal coverage does the CS-1 have?
answers: zh_tw: text: 98%
en: text: 98%
同分異構
Isomer

context: zh_tw: 同分異構體又稱同分異構物，英文為 Isomer。同分異構物指的是擁有相同分子式，但結構式卻不相同的多種分子。同分異構物之間並不擁有相同的化學性質，除非它們擁有相同的官能團（functional groups）。化學中常見的兩種主要的種類為結構異構（structural isomerism 或 constitutional isomerism）以及立體異構（stereoisomerism）。
en: In chemistry, isomers are ions or molecules with identical formulas but distinct structures. Isomers do not necessarily share similar properties. Two main forms of isomerism are structural isomerism (or constitutional isomerism) and stereoisomerism (or spatial isomerism).
qas: question: zh_tw: 主要異構被稱為什麼？
en: What are the primary forms of isomerism known as?
answers: zh_tw: text: 結構異構（structural isomerism 或 constitutional isomerism）以及立體異構（stereoisomerism）
en: text: structural isomerism (or constitutional isomerism) and stereoisomerism (or spatial isomerism)

context: zh_tw: 另外一個有著不同化學性質的同分異構體的例子是黃嘌呤。巧克力中的可可鹼中如果兩個甲基中的一個移動到雙環上的另外一個位置，這個同分異構體就是茶鹼了。
en: Isomers having different medical properties are common; for example, the placement of methyl groups. In substituted xanthines, theobromine, found in chocolate, is a vasodilator with some effects in common with caffeine; but, if one of the two methyl groups is moved to a different position on the two-ring core, the isomer is theophylline, which has a variety of effects, including bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory action. Another example of this occurs in the phenethylamine-based stimulant drugs. Phentermine is a non-chiral compound with a weaker effect than that of amphetamine. It is used as an appetite-reducing medication and has mild or no stimulant properties. However, a different atomic arrangement gives dextromethamphetamine, which is a stronger stimulant than amphetamine.
qas: question: zh_tw: 在巧克力中發現什麼，而這與巧克力有共同的影響？
en: What is found in chocolate that has the common effect of chocolate?
answers: zh_tw: text: 可可鹼
en: text: theobromine
愛丁堡大學
University of Edinburgh

context: zh_tw: 愛丁堡大學的建立歸功於奧克尼群島首府柯克沃爾的聖馬格努斯大教堂的主教羅伯特・裡德，他在 1558 年去世後將其財產遺留下來作為大學最初的建立基金，並由愛丁堡鎮議會（Edinburgh Town Council）付諸實施，最終在多方努力下於 1582 年由詹姆斯六世頒發皇家憲章而成立，當年為 1582 年。因為當時的大學都是由教皇詔書創立的，這便非同尋常。最初名為 “Tounis College”，1617 年改名位詹姆斯國王學院（King James's College）。1583 年開始在一名年輕的聖安德魯斯畢業生 Robert Rollock 的管理下授課。這是當時第四所蘇格蘭大學，而同期英格蘭只有牛劍兩所。18 世紀成為了歐洲啟蒙運動的中心之一。
en: Founded by the Edinburgh Town Council, the university began life as a college of law using part of a legacy left by a graduate of the University of St Andrews, Bishop Robert Reid of St Magnus Cathedral, Orkney. Through efforts by the Town Council and Ministers of the City the institution broadened in scope and became formally established as a college by a Royal Charter, granted by King James VI of Scotland on 14 April 1582 after the petitioning of the Council. This was unprecedented in newly Presbyterian Scotland, as older universities in Scotland had been established through Papal bulls. Established as the "Tounis College", it opened its doors to students in October 1583. Instruction began under the charge of another St Andrews graduate Robert Rollock. It was the fourth Scottish university in a period when the richer and much more populous England had only two. It was renamed King James's College in 1617. By the 18th century, the university was a leading centre of the Scottish Enlightenment.
qas: question: zh_tw: 蘇格蘭的第四所大學何時改名為詹姆斯國王學院？
en: When was the fourth Scottish university renamed King Jame's college?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1617
en: text: 1617
AlphaGo
AlphaGo

context: zh_tw: 2016 年 3 月，透過自我對弈數以萬計盤進行練習強化，AlphaGo 在一場五番棋比賽中 4:1 擊敗頂尖職業棋手李世石，成為第一個不借助讓子而擊敗圍棋職業九段棋士的電腦圍棋程式，立下了里程碑。五局賽後韓國棋院授予 AlphaGo 有史以來第一位名譽職業九段。
en: In October 2015, the original AlphaGo became the first computer Go program to beat a human professional Go player without handicaps on a full-sized 19×19 board. In March 2016, it beat Lee Sedol in a five-game match, the first time a computer Go program has beaten a 9-dan professional without handicaps. Although it lost to Lee Sedol in the fourth game, Lee resigned in the final game, giving a final score of 4 games to 1 in favour of AlphaGo. In recognition of the victory, AlphaGo was awarded an honorary 9-dan by the Korea Baduk Association. The lead up and the challenge match with Lee Sedol were documented in a documentary film also titled AlphaGo, directed by Greg Kohs. It was chosen by Science as one of the Breakthrough of the Year runners-up on 22 December 2016.At the 2017 Future of Go Summit, its successor AlphaGo Master beat Ke Jie, the world No.1 ranked player at the time, in a three-game match (the even more powerful AlphaGo Zero already existed but was not yet announced). After this, AlphaGo was awarded professional 9-dan by the Chinese Weiqi Association.AlphaGo and its successors use a Monte Carlo tree search algorithm to find its moves based on knowledge previously "learned" by machine learning, specifically by an artificial neural network (a deep learning method) by extensive training, both from human and computer play.  A neural network is trained to predict AlphaGo's own move selections and also the winner's games. This neural net improves the strength of tree search, resulting in higher quality of move selection and stronger self-play in the next iteration.
qas: question: zh_tw: AlphaGo 在哪年的五番棋比賽中擊敗李世石？
en: In what year did AlphaGo defeat Lee Sadol in a five game match?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2016
en: text: 2016
普羅米修斯 (電影)

context: zh_tw: 《普羅米修斯》（英語：Prometheus）是 2012 年的英國科幻電影，由雷德利・斯科特執導，喬・斯派茨和戴蒙・林道夫編劇，勞米・拉佩斯、麥可・法斯賓達、蓋・皮爾斯、伊德瑞斯・艾爾巴、羅根・馬歇爾 - 格林和查理茲・塞隆主演。影片的故事背景設定在 21 世紀，劇情圍繞一艘名為 “普羅米修斯號”（Prometheus）的太空船及其船員展開，他們根據從多個地球古文明文物中發現的星圖前往外太空尋找人類的起源。然而當他們到達一個遙遠的世界後，卻發現了可能導致人類滅絕的威脅。
qas: question: zh_tw: 船員們想找到什麼？
en: What are the crew trying to find?
answers: zh_tw: text: 人類的起源

context: zh_tw: 費菲爾德突變成了一隻可怕的怪物並攻擊了 “普羅米修斯號” 的機庫，殺死了多名船員後才被別的船員所殺。“普羅米修斯號” 的船長簡尼克（Janek）推測，這個人造建築是工程師的一個軍事設施，而黑色液體則是一種致命的生物武器，其失控導致了設施的荒廢，他還相信這個建築中存在一個航天器。韋蘭與另外幾人在大衛的陪同下到達控制室，肖也跟在後面。大衛喚醒了休眠中的工程師，然後開始向對方說明韋蘭希望得到永生的願望。工程師反問其要求永生的原因，韋蘭表示自己創造了人造人，有如工程師創造人類，自誇為神，絕對有永生的權利。然而工程師一族早已否定人類的存在，多年前已打算消滅人類。（有分析相信工程師一族忌諱人類的潛能，終究會威脅自身的存在，在多年前已著手消滅人類，但生物兵器洩漏的意外令計劃延誤。生還的工程師驚覺人類已經能夠越過星海，瞭解自己的語言及科技，甚至創造出人造人及妄圖永生，更深信人類為極之危險的存在）工程師扯下了大衛的頭，然後殺死了韋蘭及其隊員，只有肖成功逃脫，然後工程師重新激活了飛船。肖告訴簡尼克，工程師的目標是地球，打算在地球上釋放那種可怕的黑色液體消滅人類，請他一定要阻止工程師的飛船。簡尼克彈出救生艇，將 “普羅米修斯號” 朝外星人的飛船撞上去，犧牲了自己和另外兩位飛行員。維克斯從救生艇中逃出，但被工程師嚴重損毀的飛船壓死。前往救生艇的肖發現自己的外星人後代還活著，並且已經長到非常大。大衛的頭部功能仍然正常，他警告肖那個工程師還活著。工程師強行打開了救生艇的氣閘來攻擊肖，後者為自保而放出外星人後代，工程師雖然極力掙扎，但還是被制服，被怪獸的產卵器刺入喉嚨。蕭找到了大衛的殘骸，大衛表示可以協助蕭利用另一艘外星人太空船回到地球，因此帶著大衛被分離的身體及頭部，前往另一艘太空船，並要大衛協助前往外星人的母星，詢問為什麼要毀滅人類；在離開時，蕭發出警告訊息不要前往本訊息的發射地星球，該星球已無人生還。
qas: question: zh_tw: 在工程師開始屠殺船員後，誰得以逃脫？
en: After the engineer starts killing the crew, who is able to escape?
answers: zh_tw: text: 維克斯

question: zh_tw: 探險隊重返哪建築時，誰與韋蘭在一起？
en: Who is with Weyland when the team returns to the structure?
answers: zh_tw: text: 肖

question: zh_tw: 大衛把工程師從什麼中喚醒？
en: What does David wake the Engineer up from?
answers: zh_tw: text: 休眠

context: zh_tw: 2011 年 9 月，劇組轉戰西班牙阿利坎特的光明之城（Ciudad de la Luz）電影製片廠。拍攝地點包括製片廠的大水池和附近的海灘。劇組從 2011 年 8 月 22 日起到 2011 年 12 月 10 日訂下了相關區域，而外景建設則從 8 月起持續到 9 月下旬。西班牙的拍攝週期約為 3 個月，共有約 250 人的參與，給當地經濟帶去了約 100 萬歐元的收益，此外劇組還有在約旦的瓦地倫谷進行拍攝。
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪段期間預訂了製片廠？
en: what dates were the complex booked for?
answers: zh_tw: text: 從 2011 年 8 月 22 日起到 2011 年 12 月 10 日
2000 年歐洲冠軍聯賽決賽
2000 UEFA Champions League Final

context: zh_tw: 這場勝利使得皇家馬德里第 8 次贏得歐冠獎盃，也是其三年內的第 2 次奪冠，值得一提的是，這也是比森特・德爾・博斯克以主教練身份贏得的第一項錦標。此外，這場比賽也成為了一座里程碑，因它是首次由來自同一個國家的兩支球隊角逐的決賽。同時史蒂夫・麥克馬納曼也成為首個隨國外俱樂部贏得歐冠的英格蘭球員。
en: The win was Real's eighth European Cup Championship overall and their second in three years, and was notable for being Vicente del Bosque's first title as manager. It was also a landmark for being the first final played between two teams from the same nation. Upon this win, McManaman became the first English player to win the tournament with a non-English club.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪支球隊贏得了首次由來自同一個國家的兩支球隊角逐的決賽
en: Who won the first ever final between two teams of the same nation
answers: zh_tw: text: 皇家馬德里
en: text: Real